Revised list of TBCs

7407 files changed, 13576 insertions, 638474 deletions

diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_C5MN2xR.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c.ipynb
index 95eb9b1e..95eb9b1e 100644
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_C5MN2xR.ipynb
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_0cfmKH1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_0cfmKH1.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99cfc3c1..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_0cfmKH1.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1258 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:add10f49c90b647cf79b01d40fd4e1ca71068a8e9a13aad0c70f06cfeaabeda4"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 35: Computations and Circle Diagrams"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.1, Page Number:1316"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "p=450#W\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "loss=135#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*r\n",
-      "core_loss=p-loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "volt=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "g=core_loss/(3*(v/math.sqrt(3))**2)\n",
-      "y=i*math.sqrt(3)/v\n",
-      "b=math.sqrt(y**2-g**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"exciting conductance=\",g,\"seimens/phase\"\n",
-      "print \"susceptance/phase=\",b,\"seimens/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "exciting conductance= 0.0247933884298 seimens/phase\n",
-        "susceptance/phase= 0.155494939853 seimens/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.2, Page Number:1317"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110.0#V\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "v2=30.0#V\n",
-      "inpt=440.0#W\n",
-      "loss=40.0#W\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=vs/i\n",
-      "losses=inpt-loss\n",
-      "r01=losses/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "dc_r=r/2.0\n",
-      "ac_r=dc_r*ratio\n",
-      "effective_r=r01-ac_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r1=\",ac_r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",effective_r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "x01= 0.659157711696 ohm\n",
-        "r1= 0.08 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.133333333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.10, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=1/4.0\n",
-      "slip=3.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=math.sqrt(ratio/((ratio2**2)*0.01*slip))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Percentage Tapping=\",K*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Percentage Tapping= 72.1687836487 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.11, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "n=950#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=v1/math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "If=6*v*i/v1\n",
-      "K=v/v1\n",
-      "kisc=K**2*6*i\n",
-      "ts_tf=(1/6.0)*6**2*(f/1000.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)current=\",If,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)line current=\",kisc,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)percentage=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)voltage= 298.142397 V\n",
-        "b)current= 134.16407865 A\n",
-        "c)line current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "d)percentage= 30.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.12, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=5.0\n",
-      "per=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(ratio/3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(3.0/5)*5**2*0.01*per*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",tst_tf,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 75.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.13, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "per=3.5\n",
-      "v2=92.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(2/(v/v2))\n",
-      "ts_tf=k**2*(v/v2)**2*0.01*per\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 30.4347826087 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.14, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=12.0#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i=45.0#A\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "if_=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*pf*v)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/if_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 2.244\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.15, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=60.0#A\n",
-      "n1=940.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=150.0#N-m\n",
-      "i2=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=(1000-n1)/1000\n",
-      "tst=t*(i2/i)**2*sf\n",
-      "s_i=i2/3\n",
-      "sd_tst=tst/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print\"when star/delta is used:\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",s_i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",sd_tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Starting torque= 225.0 N-m\n",
-        "when star/delta is used:\n",
-        "starting current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 75.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.16, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "tapping=70.7\n",
-      "ratio=6.0\n",
-      "slip=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tst_tf=(1.0/3.0)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "tst_tf2=(1.0/2)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star-delta switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformer switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "star-delta switch:starting torque= 48.0 %\n",
-        "auto-transformer switch:starting torque= 72.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.17, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11.2#W\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=960.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=86.4#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*pf*math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "iph=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(ist*math.sqrt(3)/il)**2*0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting torque= 26.6369577796 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.18, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "iscp=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=iscp/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 1.23388000387\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.19, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.73*1000#W\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=4.5\n",
-      "t=250.0\n",
-      "i=650.0\n",
-      "tap=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=i/3\n",
-      "im=i/3\n",
-      "tst=t/3\n",
-      "ilm=(tap/100)**2*i\n",
-      "imk=(tap/100)*i\n",
-      "tstk=(tap/100)**2*t\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star/delta:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",im,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"60% taps:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ilm,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",imk,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tstk,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " star/delta:\n",
-        "line current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "motor current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 83.3333333333 %\n",
-        "60% taps:\n",
-        "line current= 234.0 %\n",
-        "motor current= 390.0 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.20, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=180.0\n",
-      "flt=35.0\n",
-      "tap=75.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=load*3.0/100\n",
-      "isck=tap**2*isc/100\n",
-      "sf=flt*3\n",
-      "tst_tf=tap**2*sf/100\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",isck,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf/100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 303.75 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 59.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.21, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=7.46#kW\n",
-      "ic=1.7\n",
-      "t=35.0\n",
-      "ratio=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=t*3/100\n",
-      "il1=ic*3\n",
-      "tst=(ratio/1000)**2*sf*10000\n",
-      "il2=(ratio/100)*3*ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"auto-starter:\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current=\",il1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage decreased to 60%\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current\",il2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-starter:\n",
-        "line-current= 5.1 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n",
-        "voltage decreased to 60%\n",
-        "line-current 3.06 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.22, Page Number:1342"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slip=2.0\n",
-      "r=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=6.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "smax=r2=slip/100.0\n",
-      "R1=r2/smax\n",
-      "K=math.pow(smax,1.0/5)\n",
-      "R2=K*R1\n",
-      "R3=K*R2\n",
-      "R4=K*R3\n",
-      "R5=K*R4\n",
-      "p1=R1-R2\n",
-      "p2=R2-R3\n",
-      "p3=R3-R4\n",
-      "p4=R4-R5\n",
-      "p5=R5-r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistances of various starter sections:\"\n",
-      "print \"p1=\",p1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p2=\",p2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p3=\",p3,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p4=\",p4,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p5=\",p5,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistances of various starter sections:\n",
-        "p1= 0.542694948073 ohm\n",
-        "p2= 0.248177141409 ohm\n",
-        "p3= 0.113492660539 ohm\n",
-        "p4= 0.0519007670213 ohm\n",
-        "p5= 0.0237344829577 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.23, Page Number:1345"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "primary=complex(1,3)\n",
-      "outer=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.6,5)\n",
-      "s=4\n",
-      "outer2=complex(3/(s*0.01),1)\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.6/(s*0.01),5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer)+(1/inner))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=4\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer2)+(1/inner2))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=4: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1: torque= 35065.3642462 synch watt\n",
-        "s=4: torque= 32129.9449695 synch watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.24, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.4,2)\n",
-      "outer=complex(2,0.4)\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.4/(s*0.01),2)\n",
-      "outer2=complex(2/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer)\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner.imag/outer.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zo/zi)**2\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=1:\",to_ti\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=5\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner2)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer2)\n",
-      "print zi\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner2.imag/outer2.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zi/zo)**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=5:\",to_ti"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=1: 5.0\n",
-        "8.24621125124\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=5: 0.212478752125\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.25, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05,0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5,0.1)\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.01\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5/(s*0.01),0.1)\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=5:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 22307.6923077 synch watts\n",
-        "s=5:torque= 9620.58966517 synch watts\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.26, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=Symbol('s')\n",
-      "z2=complex(2,1.2)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0.5,3.5)\n",
-      "#Z1=((2/s)^2+1.2^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#Z2=((0.5/s)^2+3.5^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#T1=T2\n",
-      "ans=solve([(((2**2)/(s**2))+1.2**2)-((((0.5**2)/(s**2))+3.5**2)*4)],[s])\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",round(ans[1][0]*100,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 25.1 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.27, Page Number:1347"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zo=complex(1,0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.15,3)\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "stator=complex(0.25,3.5)\n",
-      "z01=z2+stator\n",
-      "i=complex(v,0)/z01\n",
-      "i=abs(i)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z01.real\n",
-      "T=cu_loss*3/(2*math.pi*(n/60))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",T,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 135.560320318 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.28, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z1=complex(1,2.8)\n",
-      "zo=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5,5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.04\n",
-      "zo=complex(3.0/s,1.0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5/s,5.0)\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=4:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 12388.3258184 synch. watt\n",
-        "s=4:torque= 11489.1141244 synch. watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.29, Page Number:1351"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1440.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1320.0#rpm\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/4.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n1)/ns\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.6 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.30, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "s1=s\n",
-      "n1=ns*(1-s1)\n",
-      "n2=n1-10*n1/100\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.646666666667 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.31, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/6\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f_=sa*f\n",
-      "n_=(120*f_)/4\n",
-      "sb=(n_-n)/n_\n",
-      "f__=sb*f_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resu;t\n",
-      "print \"f_=\",f_,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"f_ _=\",f__,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "f_= 20.6 Hz\n",
-        "f_ _= 1.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.32, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f2=1.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "s=f2/f\n",
-      "n=nsc-s*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/4\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f1=sa*f\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "sb=(n2-n)/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 60.8 %\n",
-        "sb= 3.28947368421 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.33, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=74.6#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 29.84 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 79
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.34, Page Number:1355"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 10 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_0vE2Agb.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_0vE2Agb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 447ef8ab..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_0vE2Agb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,388 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6743417a1c79c6197a7cd49755318e10828c09b3cb248c5af8d5364367840700"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 28: Generator Characteristics"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.13, Page Number:984"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "#emf increases by 1 V for every increase of 6 A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=96#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "voltageincrease=i/6\n",
-      "vd=i*ra\n",
-      "voltage_rise=voltageincrease-vd\n",
-      "vconsumer=v+voltage_rise\n",
-      "power_supplied=voltage_rise*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage supplied ot consumer= \",vconsumer,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"power supplied by the booster itself= \",power_supplied/1000,\" kW\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage supplied ot consumer=  234.08  V\n",
-        "power supplied by the booster itself=  1.35168  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.14, Page Number:985"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vd=i*r\n",
-      "voltage_decrease=v-vd\n",
-      "feeder_drop=v*r\n",
-      "booster_voltage=v*v/i1\n",
-      "voltage_net=feeder_drop-booster_voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net decrease in voltage= \",voltage_net,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net decrease in voltage=  2.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.15, Page Number:986"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inl=5.0#A\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "il=6.0#A\n",
-      "i_full=200.0#A(full load)\n",
-      "turns=1600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "shunt_turns1=turns*inl\n",
-      "shunt_turns2=turns*il\n",
-      "increase=shunt_turns2-shunt_turns1\n",
-      "n=increase/i_full#number of series turns required\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of series turns required= \",n,\" tunrs/pole\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of series turns required=  8.0  tunrs/pole\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.16, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#turns/pole\n",
-      "series_winding=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "increase_i=0.2#A\n",
-      "ia=80#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "additional_at=n*increase_i\n",
-      "current_required=additional_at/series_winding\n",
-      "R=(current_required*r)/(ia-current_required)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Divertor resistance= \",R,\" ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Divertor resistance=  0.0833333333333  ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.17, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "divertor=0.14#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#short shunt\n",
-      "vd=i*rse\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "armature_drop=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+vd+armature_drop\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "print vd\n",
-      "E2=v+vd\n",
-      "current_divertor=(ia*divertor)/(divertor+rse)\n",
-      "change=(current_divertor/ia)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)emf induced using short shunt= \",E\n",
-      "print \"b)emf induced using long shunt= \",E2\n",
-      "print \"c)series amp-turns are reduced to \",change,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "16.704\n",
-        "a)emf induced using short shunt=  236.44\n",
-        "b)emf induced using long shunt=  236.704\n",
-        "c)series amp-turns are reduced to  70.0  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.18, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=250*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "i=7#A\n",
-      "inl=12#A\n",
-      "shunt=650#turns/pole\n",
-      "series=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "rse=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i_fulload=p/v\n",
-      "shunt_increase=shunt*(inl-i)\n",
-      "ise=shunt_increase/series\n",
-      "i_d=i_fulload-ise\n",
-      "Rd=(ise*rse)/i_d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load\",Rd,\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load 0.0212751091703 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.19, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "p=60.0*1000#W\n",
-      "n=1600.0#turns/pole\n",
-      "inl=1.25#A\n",
-      "vnl=125#V\n",
-      "il=1.75#A\n",
-      "vl=150.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "extra_excitation=n*(il-inl)\n",
-      "ise=p/vl\n",
-      "series=extra_excitation/ise\n",
-      "ise2=extra_excitation/3\n",
-      "i_d=ise-ise2\n",
-      "rd=(ise2*0.02)/i_d\n",
-      "reg=(vnl-vl)*100/vl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)minimum number of series turns/pole= \",series\n",
-      "print \"ii)divertor resistance= \",rd\n",
-      "print \"iii)voltage regulation= \",reg,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)minimum number of series turns/pole=  2.0\n",
-        "ii)divertor resistance=  0.04\n",
-        "iii)voltage regulation=  -16.6666666667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.20, Page Number:989"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#v\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=160.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#160 A\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "#50 A\n",
-      "vd2=i2*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 160 A=\",vd,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 50 A=\",vd2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage drop at 160 A= 8.0 V\n",
-        "voltage drop at 50 A= 2.5 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_1pO6mlQ.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_1pO6mlQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d43ac823..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_1pO6mlQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3109 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6eddcd87c5c220a184bc6a72a3af06c45a444c1fd08c6f0e5d7d854e3ce98ba8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 34:Induction Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.1, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=290.0#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "Ns=300.0#rpm(considered)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=120*f/Ns\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no. of poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no. of poles= 20.0\n",
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.2, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "slot=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=2*n\n",
-      "slots_total=slot*P*n\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/P\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"No. of stator poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"Total number of slots=\",slots_total\n",
-      "print \"Speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " No. of stator poles= 6\n",
-        "Total number of slots= 54\n",
-        "Speed= 1000 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.3, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "slip1=0.04\n",
-      "slip2=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip1)\n",
-      "f1=slip2*f*60\n",
-      "#at standstill s=1\n",
-      "f2=1*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04=\",N\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",f1,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency of the rotor current at standstill=\",f2,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating= 1500 rpm\n",
-        "speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04= 1440.0\n",
-        "frequency of rotor current= 90.0 rpm\n",
-        "frequency of the rotor current at standstill= 50 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.4, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=0.04\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip)\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "f1=s*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the synchronous speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor speed=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm=\",f1,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the synchronous speed= 1500.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm= 30.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.5, Page Number:1256"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "N=500#rpm\n",
-      "p2=8\n",
-      "slip=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*N/120\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p2\n",
-      "N=Ns-slip*Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load speed of the motor=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load speed of the motor= 727.5 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.6, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e=80#V\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=4#ohm\n",
-      "rheo=3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E=e/(3)**0.5\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=E/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "R=rheo+r\n",
-      "z2=(R**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=E/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "pf2=R/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are short circuited:\"\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm\",\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip rings are short circuited:\n",
-        "current/phase 11.2022406722 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.242535625036\n",
-        "slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm current/phase 8.16496580928 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.707106781187\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.7, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=6.5\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=v*k/(3**0.5)\n",
-      "R=x-r\n",
-      "r2=x\n",
-      "z=(x**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=e2/z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "starting current= 100.491886883 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.8, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=1100#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ratio=3.8\n",
-      "r=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=v/ratio\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=e/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "i2=100*ratio\n",
-      "z2=e/i2\n",
-      "r2=(z2**2-x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "R=r2-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current with slip rings shorted=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf with slip rings shorted=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",i2\n",
-      "print \"pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current with slip rings shorted= 1156.56314266 A\n",
-        "pf with slip rings shorted= 0.0479447993684\n",
-        "current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted= 380.0\n",
-        "pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted= 0.768221279597\n",
-        "external resistance= 0.70758173952 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.9, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "v=3000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "ratio=3.6\n",
-      "r=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "l=3.61*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "x2=2*3.14*l*f\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "r2_=0.1/k**2\n",
-      "x2_=ratio**2*x2\n",
-      "is1=v/((r**2+x2_**2)**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "ts=(3*3/(2*3.14*f))*((v**2)*r2_)/(r2_**2+x2_**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",is1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ts=\",ts,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 117.896733436 A\n",
-        "ts= 512.375725888 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.10, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "zr=complex(6,2)\n",
-      "v=80#V\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=e2/abs(zr+zs)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*zs.imag\n",
-      "ir=er/abs(complex(zs.real,xr))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor current at standstill=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor current at standstill= 5.26498126493 A\n",
-        "rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited= 3.31800758166 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.11, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "e=120#V\n",
-      "r2=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=e/3**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(r2**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=er/zr\n",
-      "s=r2/x2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(xr**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor when running short-circuited=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"current when torque is maximum=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor when running short-circuited= 9.05821627316 A\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "current when torque is maximum= 32.6598632371 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.12, Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tb=150.0#kg-m\n",
-      "n=660.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "t=tb*(2/((sb/s)+s/sb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"kg-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 90.0 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(a), Page Number:1266"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variablde declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "vd=0.90\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio_s=(1/vd)**2\n",
-      "ratio_i=ratio_s*vd\n",
-      "cu_loss_increase=ratio_i**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in motor copper losses=\",cu_loss_increase"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in motor copper losses= 1.23456790123\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(b), Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p1=15.0#kW\n",
-      "n=980.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.93\n",
-      "vd=0.10\n",
-      "fd=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=(1-vd)*v\n",
-      "f2=(1-fd)*f\n",
-      "n1=120*f/p\n",
-      "n2=120*f2/p\n",
-      "s1=(n1-n)/n1\n",
-      "ratio_f=s1*(v*(1-vd)/v)**2*f2/f\n",
-      "n2=n2*(1-ratio_f)\n",
-      "p2=p1*n2/n1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the new operating speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the new output power=\",p2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the new operating speed= 935.3795 rpm\n",
-        "the new output power= 14.0306925 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(a), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "v2=200#V\n",
-      "r=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 0.24 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(b), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "r=0.001#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n2=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "ratio=2*s**2*a/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of the maximum to full-load torque=\",ratio*1000,\"10^-3\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of the maximum to full-load torque= 3.9603960396 10^-3\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(c), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "v=600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=495#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.01\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n=Ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of max torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of max torque= 470.0 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of torques= 0.324324324324\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.15, Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=746.0#kW\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=16\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.02,0.15)\n",
-      "n=360.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "a=zr.real/zr.imag\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "N=ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "R=zr.imag-zr.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 0.550458715596\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 325.0 rpm\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.13 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.16, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "a=solve(ratio-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "r=a[0]*x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1187.5 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.0291699475574164 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.17, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "t_ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-a)*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",1/t_ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 1.45\n",
-        "speed= 675.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.18, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "a2=Symbol('a2')\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "t_ratio=2.5\n",
-      "t_ratio2=1.5\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t_ratio3=t_ratio2/t_ratio\n",
-      "a=solve(t_ratio3-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "a2=solve(a2**2-0.15*a2+0.0009,a2)\n",
-      "r_red=(a[0]-a2[1])/a[0]\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance=\",r_red*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance= 56.8784093726987 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.19, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "n=650.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "r=a*x2-r\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"extra resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "extra resistance= 0.52 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.20, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R=Symbol('R')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "t=162.8#N-m\n",
-      "n=1365.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "R=solve(1.0/(4*x2)-((r+R)/((r+R)**2+x2**2)),R)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",round(R[0],1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 0.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.21, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "t_ratios=1.60\n",
-      "t_ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcualtion\n",
-      "t_ratio=t_ratios/t_ratiom\n",
-      "#0.8a2-2*a+0.8 a=0.04\n",
-      "#0.5=2*a*sf/a2+sf2 sf=0.01\n",
-      "a=0.04\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-sf*ns\n",
-      "N=ns-a*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load speed= 1485.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1440.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.22, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.85#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*(v/3**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tf=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 52.4097855621 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 99.9125764956 N-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 858.823529412 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.23, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=100#rpm considered\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "n2=n/2\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "ratio=((s2/s)*(r**2+(s*x)**2)/(r**2+(s2*x)**2))**0.5\n",
-      "per=1-1/ratio\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(s2*x/r)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 22.8528060715 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.307902262948\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.26, Page Number:1272"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "t=100#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-n\n",
-      "n2=n+ns/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator supply voltage=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator supply voltage= 220 V\n",
-        "new speed= 1050 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.24, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delclaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=1140.0#rpm\n",
-      "e=440.0#V\n",
-      "e2=550.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "s2=s1*(e/e2)**2\n",
-      "n2=ns*(1-s2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1053.6 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.25, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=450.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=873.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=23.0#degrees\n",
-      "n2=864.0#rpm\n",
-      "alpha=1.0/234.0#per degrees centrigrade\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s1=(900-n)/900\n",
-      "s2=(900-n2)/900\n",
-      "ratio=s2/s1-1\n",
-      "t2=(s2/s1-1)/alpha+23  \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in rotor resistance=\",ratio*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"approx temperature=\",t2,\"degrees centigrade\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in rotor resistance= 33.3333333333 %\n",
-        "approx temperature= 101.0 degrees centigrade\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.27, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=500.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "load=80.0#kW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/60.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=alt/(60.0*f)\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=(1.0/3.0)*load*1000/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*1000,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/10000,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 996.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.888888888889 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.28, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "n=1425.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "ratio=0.8\n",
-      "loss=500.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=75/ns\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "tf=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "ir=s*ratio*e1/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ir**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=2*3.4*(n/60)*tf\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "s=z.real/z.imag\n",
-      "tmax=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "nmax=ns-s*ns\n",
-      "i=ratio*e1/abs(z)\n",
-      "tst=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real)/(z.real**2+(z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" full load torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"cu_loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"max torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",nmax,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " full load torque= 78.9197452229 N-m\n",
-        "rotor current= 22.7215022978 A\n",
-        "cu_loss= 619.52 W\n",
-        "power output= 12245.5388535 W\n",
-        "max torque= 98.6496815287 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1350.0 rpm\n",
-        "starting current= 50.5546790867 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 19.5345904017 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.29, Page Number:1285"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "P=23#kW\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e=0.92\n",
-      "n=1440#r.p.m\n",
-      "loss=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=P/e\n",
-      "total_loss=motor_input-P\n",
-      "friction_loss=total_loss/p\n",
-      "Pm=P+friction_loss\n",
-      "Psw=Pm*1500/n\n",
-      "ws=2*3.14*1500/60\n",
-      "Tsw=Psw*1000/ws\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous torque=\",round(Tsw),\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous torque= 156.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.30, Page Number:1286"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60#kW\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=load-loss\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "rotor_loss=cu_loss*1000/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",rotor_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power developed= 57.23 kW\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 590.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.31, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=20#KW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "i=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "fr=s*f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*load*1000\n",
-      "r2=cu_loss/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",fr,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of rotor current= 1.5 Hz\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 600.0 W\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.0555555555556 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.32, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=3.73#KW\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "loss=280#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "input_r=load*1000*ns/n\n",
-      "input_s=input_r+loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator input=\",input_s,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator input= 4165.41666667 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.33, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=75.0#KW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "f1=alt/60\n",
-      "s=f1/f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss_r_per_phase=s*p2/3\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss per phase=\",cu_loss_r_per_phase,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechancal power=\",pm,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 966.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss per phase= 0.833333333333 kW\n",
-        "mechancal power= 72.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.34, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "n=975.0#rpm\n",
-      "p1=40.0#KW\n",
-      "loss_s=1.0#kW\n",
-      "loss=2.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "p2=p1-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft power=\",pout,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 2.5 %\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.975 kW\n",
-        "shaft power= 36.025 kW\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.35, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=100#KW\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.018\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "cu_loss=2440#W\n",
-      "iron_loss=3500#W\n",
-      "rotational_loss=1200#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output+rotational_loss/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=(s/(1-s))*pm\n",
-      "p2=pm+cu_loss_r\n",
-      "input_s=p2+cu_loss/1000+iron_loss/1000\n",
-      "il=input_s*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.85132382892 kW\n",
-        "line current= 22.1989272175 A\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.7202341611 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.36, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=100.0#W\n",
-      "c=120.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=c/(f*60)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2/3\n",
-      "n2=ns-n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of stator field with respect to rotor=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "mechanical power= 96.0 kW\n",
-        "copper loss= 1.33333333333 kW\n",
-        "speed of stator field with respect to rotor= 40.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.37, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.9\n",
-      "output=37#kW\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "x=total_loss/(3+0.5)\n",
-      "input_r=output*1000+x/2+x\n",
-      "s=x/input_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.0303030303 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.38, Page Number:1289"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=45#KW\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "iron_loss=1200#kW\n",
-      "loss=900#kW\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*i)\n",
-      "r=r*3/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*(i/3**0.5)**2*r\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=s*42788\n",
-      "pm=42788-cu_loss_r\n",
-      "output_s=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output_s/(load*1000)\n",
-      "t=(output_s*60)/(2*3.14*970)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"p out=\",output_s,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf= 0.866025403784\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 1283.64 W\n",
-        "p out= 40604.36 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.2319111111 %\n",
-        "torque= 399.937881673 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(a), Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.75\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "pcr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=pcr*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sm)\n",
-      "e3=sm*e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load torque=\",tg/9.81,\"kg-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor emf at max torque=\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load torque= 4.26478644041 kg-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n",
-        "rotor emf at max torque= 8.06457518868 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(b), Page Number:1290"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.86\n",
-      "loss=0.05\n",
-      "cu_r=0.04\n",
-      "m_loss=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=3**0.5*v*i*pf\n",
-      "loss_s=loss*input_m\n",
-      "input_r=input_m-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_lossr=cu_r*input_r\n",
-      "mec_loss=m_loss*input_r\n",
-      "output_shaft=input_r-cu_lossr-mec_loss\n",
-      "s=cu_lossr/input_r\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "wr=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "output_r=input_r-cu_lossr\n",
-      "tr=output_r/wr\n",
-      "tin=output_shaft/wr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed in the rotor=\",tr,\"Nw-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tin,\"Nw-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed in the rotor= 36.0531340072 Nw-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 34.9264735695 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 91
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.40, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "p=40.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.5\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(x*sm)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "input_r=cu_loss/sm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross output at 5% slip=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",input_r,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross output at 5% slip= 6242.77652849 W\n",
-        "maximum torque= 8780.04535147 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.41, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=0.025\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pw=loss*pout*1000\n",
-      "pm=pout*1000+pw\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*pm/(1-s)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout*1000/n\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"gross electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor cu loss= 796.510416667 W\n",
-        "rotor input= 19912.7604167 W\n",
-        "shaft torque= 123.685763889 N-m\n",
-        "gross electromagnetic torque= 126.777907986 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.42, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=710#rpm\n",
-      "load=35#kW\n",
-      "loss=1200#W\n",
-      "loss_r=600#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "p2=load*1000-loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss_r\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power output=\",pout,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.80266666667 kW\n",
-        "gross torque= 430.386666667 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power= 31997.3333333 W\n",
-        "net torque= 422.316244131 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power output= 31397.3333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.43, Page Number:1292"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tsh=149.3#N-m\n",
-      "loss=200#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=1620#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=tsh*2*3.14*(n/60)\n",
-      "output=pout+loss\n",
-      "p2=output*ns/n\n",
-      "cu_lossr=p2-output\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",pout/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"the efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 15.001664 kW\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 633.402666667 W\n",
-        "the efficiency= 85.9444669361 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.44, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "i2=35#A\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pm=pout+loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_lossr=pm*s*1000/(1-s)\n",
-      "r2=cu_lossr/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistane per phase=\",r2,\"ohm/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistane per phase= 0.222789115646 ohm/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.45, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sf=Symbol('sf')\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1/ratio\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*25))*(e2**2/(2*x))\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "sf=solve(0.5*(a**2+sf**2)-2*a*sf,sf)\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sf[0])\n",
-      "tf=tmax/2\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tf/60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"full load slip=\",sf[0]\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 318.47133758 N-m\n",
-        "full load slip= 0.0267949192431123\n",
-        "power output= 24330.1270189222 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.46, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "k=0.67\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1*k\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(sm*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_lossr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_lossr*(1-sm)/sm\n",
-      "n=(1-sm)*ns\n",
-      "tmax=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 40.4815391879 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 63.511037037 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.47, Page Number:1293"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e2=110#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at start=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at s=4%\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"full load torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf of motor at start= 0.164398987305\n",
-        "pf of motor at s=4% 0.972387301981\n",
-        "full load torque= 582.728189612 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.48, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "tsh=162.84#N-m\n",
-      "c=90.0\n",
-      "t=20.36#N-m\n",
-      "loss=830.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "fr=c/60\n",
-      "s=fr/f\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tsh/60\n",
-      "tg=tsh+t\n",
-      "p2=tg*ns/9.55\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"motor input\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 16532.6024 W\n",
-        "cu loss= 575.497382199 W\n",
-        "motor input 19758.7434555 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 83.6723369441 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.49, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=420.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.25,0.75)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.173,0.52)\n",
-      "v1=420.0#V\n",
-      "v2=350.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=zr.real+k**2*z.real\n",
-      "x02=zr.imag+k**2*z.imag\n",
-      "z02=((r+r02)**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v2/(3**0.5*z02)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*(r+zr.real)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss*3\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tst=9.55*p2/(ns*9.81)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"kg-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 48.2909354778 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.50, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "load=37.3#ohm\n",
-      "v=280#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.25\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "k=1.0/3\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wsc=2*v*i*pf\n",
-      "power_phase=v*i*pf\n",
-      "R=power_phase/i**2\n",
-      "r2_=R-r\n",
-      "r2=k**2*r2_\n",
-      "p2=3*i**2*r2_\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "t=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance perphaseof therotor winding=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"startingtorque=\",t,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance perphaseof therotor winding= 0.0222222222222 ohm\n",
-        "startingtorque= 305.6 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.51, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratios=1.6\n",
-      "ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "sb=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=(ratios/sf)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip at full load=\",sf\n",
-      "print \"slip at maximum torque=\",sb\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",i"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip at full load= 0.01\n",
-        "slip at maximum torque= 0.04\n",
-        "rotor current= 12.6491106407\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.52, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200#km/h\n",
-      "f=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "w=v*5.0/18/(2*f)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pole pitch=\",w*1000,\"mm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pole pitch= 277.777777778 mm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.53, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "w=6#mm\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p=6#kW\n",
-      "loss=1.2#kW\n",
-      "v=2.4#m/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vs=2*f*w/100\n",
-      "s=(vs-v)/vs\n",
-      "p2=p-loss\n",
-      "pcr=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-pcr\n",
-      "f=p2*1000/vs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous speed=\",vs,\"m/s\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",pcr,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"thrust=\",f/1000,\"kN\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous speed= 3 m/s\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "cu loss= 0.96 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 3.84 kW\n",
-        "thrust= 1.6 kN\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.54, Page Number:1304"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=0.12\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm/phase\n",
-      "pg=9000.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=r*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "v=(pg*rl/3)**0.5\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load resistance=\",rl,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"load voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"load current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load resistance= 0.586666666667 ohm\n",
-        "load voltage= 41.9523539268 V\n",
-        "load current= 71.5096941934 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 166
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.55, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r1=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "xm=complex(0,28.5)#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl_=r2_*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "i2_=(v/3**0.5)/complex(r1+rl_,x1)\n",
-      "i0=(v/3**0.5)/xm\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator current= (74.5730253701-19.1783634605j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.968485280755\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 177
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.56, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "power=3.73#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "b0=-1.0/30\n",
-      "loss=50#W\n",
-      "lossr=150#W\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zab=complex(30*complex(r2_/s,x2_))/complex(r2_/s,x2_-1/b0)\n",
-      "z01=complex(r1,x1)+zab\n",
-      "vph=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i1=v1/z01\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i1.real**2*zab.real\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "power_o=pm-lossr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=power_o/(power_o+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"input current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"air gap power=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"electro magnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",power_o,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "input current= (21.9914486234+42.6194245913j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.45854949826\n",
-        "air gap power= 5173.46132109 W\n",
-        "mechanical power= 4966.52286825 W\n",
-        "electro magnetic torque= 32.9377037443 N-m\n",
-        "output power= 4816.52286825 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.9644851937 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 184
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.57, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.44#ohm\n",
-      "loss=1250#W\n",
-      "lossr=1000#W\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "pf=0.09\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2_=v1/complex(r1+r2_/s,x1+x2_)\n",
-      "i1=i2_+complex(1.78,19.9)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i2_.real**2*r2_/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tg=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "pm=p2*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=pm-1000\n",
-      "cu_losss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_losss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/(pout+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= (50.2750367599+11.9125821807j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.973057118792\n",
-        "electromagnetic torque= 224.593900377 N-m\n",
-        "output= 33218.2329894 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 89.0932246577 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 186
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.58, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.06,0.2)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.06,0.22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r01=z.real+zr.real\n",
-      "x01=z.imag+zr.imag\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "s=z.real/(z.real+z01)\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "pmax=3*v1**2/(2*(r01+z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum gross power=\",pmax,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum gross power= 143676.459572 W\n",
-        "slip= 0.120771344025\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 188
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.59, Page Number:1307"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=115#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "z=complex(0.07,0.3)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.08,0.3)\n",
-      "gd=0.022#mho\n",
-      "bo=0.158#mho\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "rl_=1/bo*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "z=complex(z.real+zr.real+rl_,0.6)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=complex(16,-2.36)\n",
-      "io=v*complex(gd,-bo)\n",
-      "i1=io+i2\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "pg=3*abs(i2)**2*rl_/100\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pg/n\n",
-      "p2=3**0.5*v1*abs(i1)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=pg*100/p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pg,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary current= (16-2.36j) A\n",
-        "primary current= (17.460696181-12.8504543912j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.805393212665\n",
-        "power output= 2433.59058228 W\n",
-        "torque= 19.7625765823 N-m\n",
-        "input= 3477.92348593 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 69.9725164204 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.60, Page Number:1308"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,1)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.6,1)\n",
-      "zm=complex(10.0,50.0)\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sm=zr.real/(z.real**2+(z.imag+zr.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v1/((z.real+zr.real)**2+(zr.imag+z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tgmax=3*i2**2*z.real*60.0/(sm*2*3.14*1500)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tgmax,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 277.144160399 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_2DVKX4L.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_2DVKX4L.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d43ac823..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_2DVKX4L.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3109 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6eddcd87c5c220a184bc6a72a3af06c45a444c1fd08c6f0e5d7d854e3ce98ba8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 34:Induction Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.1, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=290.0#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "Ns=300.0#rpm(considered)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=120*f/Ns\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no. of poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no. of poles= 20.0\n",
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.2, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "slot=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=2*n\n",
-      "slots_total=slot*P*n\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/P\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"No. of stator poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"Total number of slots=\",slots_total\n",
-      "print \"Speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " No. of stator poles= 6\n",
-        "Total number of slots= 54\n",
-        "Speed= 1000 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.3, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "slip1=0.04\n",
-      "slip2=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip1)\n",
-      "f1=slip2*f*60\n",
-      "#at standstill s=1\n",
-      "f2=1*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04=\",N\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",f1,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency of the rotor current at standstill=\",f2,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating= 1500 rpm\n",
-        "speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04= 1440.0\n",
-        "frequency of rotor current= 90.0 rpm\n",
-        "frequency of the rotor current at standstill= 50 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.4, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=0.04\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip)\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "f1=s*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the synchronous speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor speed=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm=\",f1,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the synchronous speed= 1500.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm= 30.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.5, Page Number:1256"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "N=500#rpm\n",
-      "p2=8\n",
-      "slip=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*N/120\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p2\n",
-      "N=Ns-slip*Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load speed of the motor=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load speed of the motor= 727.5 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.6, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e=80#V\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=4#ohm\n",
-      "rheo=3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E=e/(3)**0.5\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=E/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "R=rheo+r\n",
-      "z2=(R**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=E/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "pf2=R/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are short circuited:\"\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm\",\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip rings are short circuited:\n",
-        "current/phase 11.2022406722 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.242535625036\n",
-        "slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm current/phase 8.16496580928 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.707106781187\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.7, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=6.5\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=v*k/(3**0.5)\n",
-      "R=x-r\n",
-      "r2=x\n",
-      "z=(x**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=e2/z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "starting current= 100.491886883 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.8, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=1100#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ratio=3.8\n",
-      "r=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=v/ratio\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=e/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "i2=100*ratio\n",
-      "z2=e/i2\n",
-      "r2=(z2**2-x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "R=r2-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current with slip rings shorted=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf with slip rings shorted=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",i2\n",
-      "print \"pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current with slip rings shorted= 1156.56314266 A\n",
-        "pf with slip rings shorted= 0.0479447993684\n",
-        "current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted= 380.0\n",
-        "pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted= 0.768221279597\n",
-        "external resistance= 0.70758173952 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.9, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "v=3000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "ratio=3.6\n",
-      "r=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "l=3.61*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "x2=2*3.14*l*f\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "r2_=0.1/k**2\n",
-      "x2_=ratio**2*x2\n",
-      "is1=v/((r**2+x2_**2)**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "ts=(3*3/(2*3.14*f))*((v**2)*r2_)/(r2_**2+x2_**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",is1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ts=\",ts,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 117.896733436 A\n",
-        "ts= 512.375725888 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.10, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "zr=complex(6,2)\n",
-      "v=80#V\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=e2/abs(zr+zs)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*zs.imag\n",
-      "ir=er/abs(complex(zs.real,xr))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor current at standstill=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor current at standstill= 5.26498126493 A\n",
-        "rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited= 3.31800758166 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.11, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "e=120#V\n",
-      "r2=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=e/3**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(r2**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=er/zr\n",
-      "s=r2/x2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(xr**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor when running short-circuited=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"current when torque is maximum=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor when running short-circuited= 9.05821627316 A\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "current when torque is maximum= 32.6598632371 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.12, Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tb=150.0#kg-m\n",
-      "n=660.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "t=tb*(2/((sb/s)+s/sb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"kg-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 90.0 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(a), Page Number:1266"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variablde declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "vd=0.90\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio_s=(1/vd)**2\n",
-      "ratio_i=ratio_s*vd\n",
-      "cu_loss_increase=ratio_i**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in motor copper losses=\",cu_loss_increase"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in motor copper losses= 1.23456790123\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(b), Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p1=15.0#kW\n",
-      "n=980.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.93\n",
-      "vd=0.10\n",
-      "fd=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=(1-vd)*v\n",
-      "f2=(1-fd)*f\n",
-      "n1=120*f/p\n",
-      "n2=120*f2/p\n",
-      "s1=(n1-n)/n1\n",
-      "ratio_f=s1*(v*(1-vd)/v)**2*f2/f\n",
-      "n2=n2*(1-ratio_f)\n",
-      "p2=p1*n2/n1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the new operating speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the new output power=\",p2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the new operating speed= 935.3795 rpm\n",
-        "the new output power= 14.0306925 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(a), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "v2=200#V\n",
-      "r=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 0.24 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(b), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "r=0.001#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n2=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "ratio=2*s**2*a/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of the maximum to full-load torque=\",ratio*1000,\"10^-3\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of the maximum to full-load torque= 3.9603960396 10^-3\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(c), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "v=600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=495#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.01\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n=Ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of max torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of max torque= 470.0 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of torques= 0.324324324324\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.15, Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=746.0#kW\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=16\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.02,0.15)\n",
-      "n=360.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "a=zr.real/zr.imag\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "N=ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "R=zr.imag-zr.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 0.550458715596\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 325.0 rpm\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.13 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.16, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "a=solve(ratio-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "r=a[0]*x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1187.5 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.0291699475574164 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.17, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "t_ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-a)*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",1/t_ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 1.45\n",
-        "speed= 675.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.18, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "a2=Symbol('a2')\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "t_ratio=2.5\n",
-      "t_ratio2=1.5\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t_ratio3=t_ratio2/t_ratio\n",
-      "a=solve(t_ratio3-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "a2=solve(a2**2-0.15*a2+0.0009,a2)\n",
-      "r_red=(a[0]-a2[1])/a[0]\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance=\",r_red*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance= 56.8784093726987 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.19, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "n=650.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "r=a*x2-r\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"extra resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "extra resistance= 0.52 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.20, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R=Symbol('R')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "t=162.8#N-m\n",
-      "n=1365.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "R=solve(1.0/(4*x2)-((r+R)/((r+R)**2+x2**2)),R)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",round(R[0],1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 0.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.21, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "t_ratios=1.60\n",
-      "t_ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcualtion\n",
-      "t_ratio=t_ratios/t_ratiom\n",
-      "#0.8a2-2*a+0.8 a=0.04\n",
-      "#0.5=2*a*sf/a2+sf2 sf=0.01\n",
-      "a=0.04\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-sf*ns\n",
-      "N=ns-a*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load speed= 1485.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1440.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.22, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.85#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*(v/3**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tf=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 52.4097855621 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 99.9125764956 N-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 858.823529412 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.23, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=100#rpm considered\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "n2=n/2\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "ratio=((s2/s)*(r**2+(s*x)**2)/(r**2+(s2*x)**2))**0.5\n",
-      "per=1-1/ratio\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(s2*x/r)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 22.8528060715 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.307902262948\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.26, Page Number:1272"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "t=100#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-n\n",
-      "n2=n+ns/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator supply voltage=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator supply voltage= 220 V\n",
-        "new speed= 1050 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.24, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delclaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=1140.0#rpm\n",
-      "e=440.0#V\n",
-      "e2=550.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "s2=s1*(e/e2)**2\n",
-      "n2=ns*(1-s2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1053.6 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.25, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=450.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=873.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=23.0#degrees\n",
-      "n2=864.0#rpm\n",
-      "alpha=1.0/234.0#per degrees centrigrade\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s1=(900-n)/900\n",
-      "s2=(900-n2)/900\n",
-      "ratio=s2/s1-1\n",
-      "t2=(s2/s1-1)/alpha+23  \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in rotor resistance=\",ratio*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"approx temperature=\",t2,\"degrees centigrade\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in rotor resistance= 33.3333333333 %\n",
-        "approx temperature= 101.0 degrees centigrade\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.27, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=500.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "load=80.0#kW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/60.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=alt/(60.0*f)\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=(1.0/3.0)*load*1000/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*1000,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/10000,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 996.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.888888888889 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.28, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "n=1425.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "ratio=0.8\n",
-      "loss=500.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=75/ns\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "tf=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "ir=s*ratio*e1/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ir**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=2*3.4*(n/60)*tf\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "s=z.real/z.imag\n",
-      "tmax=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "nmax=ns-s*ns\n",
-      "i=ratio*e1/abs(z)\n",
-      "tst=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real)/(z.real**2+(z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" full load torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"cu_loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"max torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",nmax,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " full load torque= 78.9197452229 N-m\n",
-        "rotor current= 22.7215022978 A\n",
-        "cu_loss= 619.52 W\n",
-        "power output= 12245.5388535 W\n",
-        "max torque= 98.6496815287 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1350.0 rpm\n",
-        "starting current= 50.5546790867 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 19.5345904017 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.29, Page Number:1285"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "P=23#kW\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e=0.92\n",
-      "n=1440#r.p.m\n",
-      "loss=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=P/e\n",
-      "total_loss=motor_input-P\n",
-      "friction_loss=total_loss/p\n",
-      "Pm=P+friction_loss\n",
-      "Psw=Pm*1500/n\n",
-      "ws=2*3.14*1500/60\n",
-      "Tsw=Psw*1000/ws\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous torque=\",round(Tsw),\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous torque= 156.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.30, Page Number:1286"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60#kW\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=load-loss\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "rotor_loss=cu_loss*1000/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",rotor_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power developed= 57.23 kW\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 590.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.31, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=20#KW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "i=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "fr=s*f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*load*1000\n",
-      "r2=cu_loss/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",fr,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of rotor current= 1.5 Hz\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 600.0 W\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.0555555555556 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.32, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=3.73#KW\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "loss=280#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "input_r=load*1000*ns/n\n",
-      "input_s=input_r+loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator input=\",input_s,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator input= 4165.41666667 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.33, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=75.0#KW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "f1=alt/60\n",
-      "s=f1/f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss_r_per_phase=s*p2/3\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss per phase=\",cu_loss_r_per_phase,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechancal power=\",pm,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 966.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss per phase= 0.833333333333 kW\n",
-        "mechancal power= 72.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.34, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "n=975.0#rpm\n",
-      "p1=40.0#KW\n",
-      "loss_s=1.0#kW\n",
-      "loss=2.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "p2=p1-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft power=\",pout,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 2.5 %\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.975 kW\n",
-        "shaft power= 36.025 kW\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.35, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=100#KW\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.018\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "cu_loss=2440#W\n",
-      "iron_loss=3500#W\n",
-      "rotational_loss=1200#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output+rotational_loss/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=(s/(1-s))*pm\n",
-      "p2=pm+cu_loss_r\n",
-      "input_s=p2+cu_loss/1000+iron_loss/1000\n",
-      "il=input_s*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.85132382892 kW\n",
-        "line current= 22.1989272175 A\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.7202341611 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.36, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=100.0#W\n",
-      "c=120.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=c/(f*60)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2/3\n",
-      "n2=ns-n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of stator field with respect to rotor=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "mechanical power= 96.0 kW\n",
-        "copper loss= 1.33333333333 kW\n",
-        "speed of stator field with respect to rotor= 40.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.37, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.9\n",
-      "output=37#kW\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "x=total_loss/(3+0.5)\n",
-      "input_r=output*1000+x/2+x\n",
-      "s=x/input_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.0303030303 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.38, Page Number:1289"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=45#KW\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "iron_loss=1200#kW\n",
-      "loss=900#kW\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*i)\n",
-      "r=r*3/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*(i/3**0.5)**2*r\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=s*42788\n",
-      "pm=42788-cu_loss_r\n",
-      "output_s=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output_s/(load*1000)\n",
-      "t=(output_s*60)/(2*3.14*970)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"p out=\",output_s,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf= 0.866025403784\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 1283.64 W\n",
-        "p out= 40604.36 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.2319111111 %\n",
-        "torque= 399.937881673 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(a), Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.75\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "pcr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=pcr*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sm)\n",
-      "e3=sm*e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load torque=\",tg/9.81,\"kg-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor emf at max torque=\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load torque= 4.26478644041 kg-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n",
-        "rotor emf at max torque= 8.06457518868 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(b), Page Number:1290"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.86\n",
-      "loss=0.05\n",
-      "cu_r=0.04\n",
-      "m_loss=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=3**0.5*v*i*pf\n",
-      "loss_s=loss*input_m\n",
-      "input_r=input_m-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_lossr=cu_r*input_r\n",
-      "mec_loss=m_loss*input_r\n",
-      "output_shaft=input_r-cu_lossr-mec_loss\n",
-      "s=cu_lossr/input_r\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "wr=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "output_r=input_r-cu_lossr\n",
-      "tr=output_r/wr\n",
-      "tin=output_shaft/wr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed in the rotor=\",tr,\"Nw-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tin,\"Nw-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed in the rotor= 36.0531340072 Nw-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 34.9264735695 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 91
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.40, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "p=40.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.5\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(x*sm)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "input_r=cu_loss/sm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross output at 5% slip=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",input_r,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross output at 5% slip= 6242.77652849 W\n",
-        "maximum torque= 8780.04535147 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.41, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=0.025\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pw=loss*pout*1000\n",
-      "pm=pout*1000+pw\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*pm/(1-s)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout*1000/n\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"gross electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor cu loss= 796.510416667 W\n",
-        "rotor input= 19912.7604167 W\n",
-        "shaft torque= 123.685763889 N-m\n",
-        "gross electromagnetic torque= 126.777907986 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.42, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=710#rpm\n",
-      "load=35#kW\n",
-      "loss=1200#W\n",
-      "loss_r=600#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "p2=load*1000-loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss_r\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power output=\",pout,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.80266666667 kW\n",
-        "gross torque= 430.386666667 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power= 31997.3333333 W\n",
-        "net torque= 422.316244131 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power output= 31397.3333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.43, Page Number:1292"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tsh=149.3#N-m\n",
-      "loss=200#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=1620#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=tsh*2*3.14*(n/60)\n",
-      "output=pout+loss\n",
-      "p2=output*ns/n\n",
-      "cu_lossr=p2-output\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",pout/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"the efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 15.001664 kW\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 633.402666667 W\n",
-        "the efficiency= 85.9444669361 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.44, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "i2=35#A\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pm=pout+loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_lossr=pm*s*1000/(1-s)\n",
-      "r2=cu_lossr/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistane per phase=\",r2,\"ohm/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistane per phase= 0.222789115646 ohm/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.45, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sf=Symbol('sf')\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1/ratio\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*25))*(e2**2/(2*x))\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "sf=solve(0.5*(a**2+sf**2)-2*a*sf,sf)\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sf[0])\n",
-      "tf=tmax/2\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tf/60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"full load slip=\",sf[0]\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 318.47133758 N-m\n",
-        "full load slip= 0.0267949192431123\n",
-        "power output= 24330.1270189222 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.46, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "k=0.67\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1*k\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(sm*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_lossr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_lossr*(1-sm)/sm\n",
-      "n=(1-sm)*ns\n",
-      "tmax=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 40.4815391879 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 63.511037037 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.47, Page Number:1293"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e2=110#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at start=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at s=4%\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"full load torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf of motor at start= 0.164398987305\n",
-        "pf of motor at s=4% 0.972387301981\n",
-        "full load torque= 582.728189612 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.48, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "tsh=162.84#N-m\n",
-      "c=90.0\n",
-      "t=20.36#N-m\n",
-      "loss=830.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "fr=c/60\n",
-      "s=fr/f\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tsh/60\n",
-      "tg=tsh+t\n",
-      "p2=tg*ns/9.55\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"motor input\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 16532.6024 W\n",
-        "cu loss= 575.497382199 W\n",
-        "motor input 19758.7434555 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 83.6723369441 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.49, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=420.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.25,0.75)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.173,0.52)\n",
-      "v1=420.0#V\n",
-      "v2=350.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=zr.real+k**2*z.real\n",
-      "x02=zr.imag+k**2*z.imag\n",
-      "z02=((r+r02)**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v2/(3**0.5*z02)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*(r+zr.real)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss*3\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tst=9.55*p2/(ns*9.81)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"kg-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 48.2909354778 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.50, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "load=37.3#ohm\n",
-      "v=280#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.25\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "k=1.0/3\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wsc=2*v*i*pf\n",
-      "power_phase=v*i*pf\n",
-      "R=power_phase/i**2\n",
-      "r2_=R-r\n",
-      "r2=k**2*r2_\n",
-      "p2=3*i**2*r2_\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "t=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance perphaseof therotor winding=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"startingtorque=\",t,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance perphaseof therotor winding= 0.0222222222222 ohm\n",
-        "startingtorque= 305.6 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.51, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratios=1.6\n",
-      "ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "sb=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=(ratios/sf)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip at full load=\",sf\n",
-      "print \"slip at maximum torque=\",sb\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",i"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip at full load= 0.01\n",
-        "slip at maximum torque= 0.04\n",
-        "rotor current= 12.6491106407\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.52, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200#km/h\n",
-      "f=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "w=v*5.0/18/(2*f)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pole pitch=\",w*1000,\"mm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pole pitch= 277.777777778 mm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.53, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "w=6#mm\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p=6#kW\n",
-      "loss=1.2#kW\n",
-      "v=2.4#m/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vs=2*f*w/100\n",
-      "s=(vs-v)/vs\n",
-      "p2=p-loss\n",
-      "pcr=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-pcr\n",
-      "f=p2*1000/vs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous speed=\",vs,\"m/s\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",pcr,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"thrust=\",f/1000,\"kN\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous speed= 3 m/s\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "cu loss= 0.96 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 3.84 kW\n",
-        "thrust= 1.6 kN\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.54, Page Number:1304"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=0.12\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm/phase\n",
-      "pg=9000.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=r*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "v=(pg*rl/3)**0.5\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load resistance=\",rl,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"load voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"load current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load resistance= 0.586666666667 ohm\n",
-        "load voltage= 41.9523539268 V\n",
-        "load current= 71.5096941934 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 166
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.55, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r1=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "xm=complex(0,28.5)#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl_=r2_*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "i2_=(v/3**0.5)/complex(r1+rl_,x1)\n",
-      "i0=(v/3**0.5)/xm\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator current= (74.5730253701-19.1783634605j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.968485280755\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 177
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.56, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "power=3.73#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "b0=-1.0/30\n",
-      "loss=50#W\n",
-      "lossr=150#W\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zab=complex(30*complex(r2_/s,x2_))/complex(r2_/s,x2_-1/b0)\n",
-      "z01=complex(r1,x1)+zab\n",
-      "vph=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i1=v1/z01\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i1.real**2*zab.real\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "power_o=pm-lossr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=power_o/(power_o+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"input current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"air gap power=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"electro magnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",power_o,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "input current= (21.9914486234+42.6194245913j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.45854949826\n",
-        "air gap power= 5173.46132109 W\n",
-        "mechanical power= 4966.52286825 W\n",
-        "electro magnetic torque= 32.9377037443 N-m\n",
-        "output power= 4816.52286825 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.9644851937 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 184
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.57, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.44#ohm\n",
-      "loss=1250#W\n",
-      "lossr=1000#W\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "pf=0.09\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2_=v1/complex(r1+r2_/s,x1+x2_)\n",
-      "i1=i2_+complex(1.78,19.9)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i2_.real**2*r2_/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tg=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "pm=p2*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=pm-1000\n",
-      "cu_losss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_losss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/(pout+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= (50.2750367599+11.9125821807j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.973057118792\n",
-        "electromagnetic torque= 224.593900377 N-m\n",
-        "output= 33218.2329894 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 89.0932246577 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 186
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.58, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.06,0.2)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.06,0.22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r01=z.real+zr.real\n",
-      "x01=z.imag+zr.imag\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "s=z.real/(z.real+z01)\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "pmax=3*v1**2/(2*(r01+z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum gross power=\",pmax,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum gross power= 143676.459572 W\n",
-        "slip= 0.120771344025\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 188
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.59, Page Number:1307"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=115#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "z=complex(0.07,0.3)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.08,0.3)\n",
-      "gd=0.022#mho\n",
-      "bo=0.158#mho\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "rl_=1/bo*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "z=complex(z.real+zr.real+rl_,0.6)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=complex(16,-2.36)\n",
-      "io=v*complex(gd,-bo)\n",
-      "i1=io+i2\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "pg=3*abs(i2)**2*rl_/100\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pg/n\n",
-      "p2=3**0.5*v1*abs(i1)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=pg*100/p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pg,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary current= (16-2.36j) A\n",
-        "primary current= (17.460696181-12.8504543912j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.805393212665\n",
-        "power output= 2433.59058228 W\n",
-        "torque= 19.7625765823 N-m\n",
-        "input= 3477.92348593 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 69.9725164204 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.60, Page Number:1308"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,1)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.6,1)\n",
-      "zm=complex(10.0,50.0)\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sm=zr.real/(z.real**2+(z.imag+zr.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v1/((z.real+zr.real)**2+(zr.imag+z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tgmax=3*i2**2*z.real*60.0/(sm*2*3.14*1500)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tgmax,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 277.144160399 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_2tbXSIz.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_2tbXSIz.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 447ef8ab..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_2tbXSIz.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,388 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6743417a1c79c6197a7cd49755318e10828c09b3cb248c5af8d5364367840700"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 28: Generator Characteristics"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.13, Page Number:984"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "#emf increases by 1 V for every increase of 6 A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=96#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "voltageincrease=i/6\n",
-      "vd=i*ra\n",
-      "voltage_rise=voltageincrease-vd\n",
-      "vconsumer=v+voltage_rise\n",
-      "power_supplied=voltage_rise*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage supplied ot consumer= \",vconsumer,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"power supplied by the booster itself= \",power_supplied/1000,\" kW\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage supplied ot consumer=  234.08  V\n",
-        "power supplied by the booster itself=  1.35168  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.14, Page Number:985"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vd=i*r\n",
-      "voltage_decrease=v-vd\n",
-      "feeder_drop=v*r\n",
-      "booster_voltage=v*v/i1\n",
-      "voltage_net=feeder_drop-booster_voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net decrease in voltage= \",voltage_net,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net decrease in voltage=  2.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.15, Page Number:986"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inl=5.0#A\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "il=6.0#A\n",
-      "i_full=200.0#A(full load)\n",
-      "turns=1600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "shunt_turns1=turns*inl\n",
-      "shunt_turns2=turns*il\n",
-      "increase=shunt_turns2-shunt_turns1\n",
-      "n=increase/i_full#number of series turns required\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of series turns required= \",n,\" tunrs/pole\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of series turns required=  8.0  tunrs/pole\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.16, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#turns/pole\n",
-      "series_winding=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "increase_i=0.2#A\n",
-      "ia=80#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "additional_at=n*increase_i\n",
-      "current_required=additional_at/series_winding\n",
-      "R=(current_required*r)/(ia-current_required)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Divertor resistance= \",R,\" ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Divertor resistance=  0.0833333333333  ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.17, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "divertor=0.14#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#short shunt\n",
-      "vd=i*rse\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "armature_drop=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+vd+armature_drop\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "print vd\n",
-      "E2=v+vd\n",
-      "current_divertor=(ia*divertor)/(divertor+rse)\n",
-      "change=(current_divertor/ia)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)emf induced using short shunt= \",E\n",
-      "print \"b)emf induced using long shunt= \",E2\n",
-      "print \"c)series amp-turns are reduced to \",change,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "16.704\n",
-        "a)emf induced using short shunt=  236.44\n",
-        "b)emf induced using long shunt=  236.704\n",
-        "c)series amp-turns are reduced to  70.0  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.18, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=250*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "i=7#A\n",
-      "inl=12#A\n",
-      "shunt=650#turns/pole\n",
-      "series=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "rse=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i_fulload=p/v\n",
-      "shunt_increase=shunt*(inl-i)\n",
-      "ise=shunt_increase/series\n",
-      "i_d=i_fulload-ise\n",
-      "Rd=(ise*rse)/i_d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load\",Rd,\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load 0.0212751091703 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.19, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "p=60.0*1000#W\n",
-      "n=1600.0#turns/pole\n",
-      "inl=1.25#A\n",
-      "vnl=125#V\n",
-      "il=1.75#A\n",
-      "vl=150.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "extra_excitation=n*(il-inl)\n",
-      "ise=p/vl\n",
-      "series=extra_excitation/ise\n",
-      "ise2=extra_excitation/3\n",
-      "i_d=ise-ise2\n",
-      "rd=(ise2*0.02)/i_d\n",
-      "reg=(vnl-vl)*100/vl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)minimum number of series turns/pole= \",series\n",
-      "print \"ii)divertor resistance= \",rd\n",
-      "print \"iii)voltage regulation= \",reg,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)minimum number of series turns/pole=  2.0\n",
-        "ii)divertor resistance=  0.04\n",
-        "iii)voltage regulation=  -16.6666666667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.20, Page Number:989"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#v\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=160.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#160 A\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "#50 A\n",
-      "vd2=i2*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 160 A=\",vd,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 50 A=\",vd2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage drop at 160 A= 8.0 V\n",
-        "voltage drop at 50 A= 2.5 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_3PIZdCZ.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_3PIZdCZ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d43ac823..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_3PIZdCZ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3109 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6eddcd87c5c220a184bc6a72a3af06c45a444c1fd08c6f0e5d7d854e3ce98ba8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 34:Induction Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.1, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=290.0#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "Ns=300.0#rpm(considered)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=120*f/Ns\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no. of poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no. of poles= 20.0\n",
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.2, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "slot=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=2*n\n",
-      "slots_total=slot*P*n\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/P\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"No. of stator poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"Total number of slots=\",slots_total\n",
-      "print \"Speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " No. of stator poles= 6\n",
-        "Total number of slots= 54\n",
-        "Speed= 1000 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.3, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "slip1=0.04\n",
-      "slip2=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip1)\n",
-      "f1=slip2*f*60\n",
-      "#at standstill s=1\n",
-      "f2=1*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04=\",N\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",f1,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency of the rotor current at standstill=\",f2,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating= 1500 rpm\n",
-        "speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04= 1440.0\n",
-        "frequency of rotor current= 90.0 rpm\n",
-        "frequency of the rotor current at standstill= 50 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.4, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=0.04\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip)\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "f1=s*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the synchronous speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor speed=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm=\",f1,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the synchronous speed= 1500.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm= 30.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.5, Page Number:1256"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "N=500#rpm\n",
-      "p2=8\n",
-      "slip=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*N/120\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p2\n",
-      "N=Ns-slip*Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load speed of the motor=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load speed of the motor= 727.5 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.6, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e=80#V\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=4#ohm\n",
-      "rheo=3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E=e/(3)**0.5\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=E/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "R=rheo+r\n",
-      "z2=(R**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=E/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "pf2=R/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are short circuited:\"\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm\",\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip rings are short circuited:\n",
-        "current/phase 11.2022406722 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.242535625036\n",
-        "slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm current/phase 8.16496580928 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.707106781187\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.7, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=6.5\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=v*k/(3**0.5)\n",
-      "R=x-r\n",
-      "r2=x\n",
-      "z=(x**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=e2/z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "starting current= 100.491886883 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.8, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=1100#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ratio=3.8\n",
-      "r=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=v/ratio\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=e/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "i2=100*ratio\n",
-      "z2=e/i2\n",
-      "r2=(z2**2-x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "R=r2-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current with slip rings shorted=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf with slip rings shorted=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",i2\n",
-      "print \"pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current with slip rings shorted= 1156.56314266 A\n",
-        "pf with slip rings shorted= 0.0479447993684\n",
-        "current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted= 380.0\n",
-        "pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted= 0.768221279597\n",
-        "external resistance= 0.70758173952 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.9, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "v=3000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "ratio=3.6\n",
-      "r=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "l=3.61*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "x2=2*3.14*l*f\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "r2_=0.1/k**2\n",
-      "x2_=ratio**2*x2\n",
-      "is1=v/((r**2+x2_**2)**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "ts=(3*3/(2*3.14*f))*((v**2)*r2_)/(r2_**2+x2_**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",is1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ts=\",ts,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 117.896733436 A\n",
-        "ts= 512.375725888 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.10, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "zr=complex(6,2)\n",
-      "v=80#V\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=e2/abs(zr+zs)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*zs.imag\n",
-      "ir=er/abs(complex(zs.real,xr))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor current at standstill=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor current at standstill= 5.26498126493 A\n",
-        "rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited= 3.31800758166 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.11, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "e=120#V\n",
-      "r2=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=e/3**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(r2**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=er/zr\n",
-      "s=r2/x2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(xr**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor when running short-circuited=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"current when torque is maximum=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor when running short-circuited= 9.05821627316 A\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "current when torque is maximum= 32.6598632371 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.12, Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tb=150.0#kg-m\n",
-      "n=660.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "t=tb*(2/((sb/s)+s/sb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"kg-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 90.0 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(a), Page Number:1266"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variablde declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "vd=0.90\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio_s=(1/vd)**2\n",
-      "ratio_i=ratio_s*vd\n",
-      "cu_loss_increase=ratio_i**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in motor copper losses=\",cu_loss_increase"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in motor copper losses= 1.23456790123\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(b), Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p1=15.0#kW\n",
-      "n=980.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.93\n",
-      "vd=0.10\n",
-      "fd=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=(1-vd)*v\n",
-      "f2=(1-fd)*f\n",
-      "n1=120*f/p\n",
-      "n2=120*f2/p\n",
-      "s1=(n1-n)/n1\n",
-      "ratio_f=s1*(v*(1-vd)/v)**2*f2/f\n",
-      "n2=n2*(1-ratio_f)\n",
-      "p2=p1*n2/n1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the new operating speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the new output power=\",p2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the new operating speed= 935.3795 rpm\n",
-        "the new output power= 14.0306925 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(a), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "v2=200#V\n",
-      "r=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 0.24 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(b), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "r=0.001#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n2=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "ratio=2*s**2*a/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of the maximum to full-load torque=\",ratio*1000,\"10^-3\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of the maximum to full-load torque= 3.9603960396 10^-3\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(c), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "v=600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=495#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.01\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n=Ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of max torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of max torque= 470.0 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of torques= 0.324324324324\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.15, Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=746.0#kW\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=16\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.02,0.15)\n",
-      "n=360.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "a=zr.real/zr.imag\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "N=ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "R=zr.imag-zr.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 0.550458715596\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 325.0 rpm\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.13 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.16, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "a=solve(ratio-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "r=a[0]*x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1187.5 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.0291699475574164 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.17, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "t_ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-a)*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",1/t_ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 1.45\n",
-        "speed= 675.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.18, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "a2=Symbol('a2')\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "t_ratio=2.5\n",
-      "t_ratio2=1.5\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t_ratio3=t_ratio2/t_ratio\n",
-      "a=solve(t_ratio3-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "a2=solve(a2**2-0.15*a2+0.0009,a2)\n",
-      "r_red=(a[0]-a2[1])/a[0]\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance=\",r_red*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance= 56.8784093726987 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.19, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "n=650.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "r=a*x2-r\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"extra resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "extra resistance= 0.52 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.20, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R=Symbol('R')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "t=162.8#N-m\n",
-      "n=1365.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "R=solve(1.0/(4*x2)-((r+R)/((r+R)**2+x2**2)),R)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",round(R[0],1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 0.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.21, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "t_ratios=1.60\n",
-      "t_ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcualtion\n",
-      "t_ratio=t_ratios/t_ratiom\n",
-      "#0.8a2-2*a+0.8 a=0.04\n",
-      "#0.5=2*a*sf/a2+sf2 sf=0.01\n",
-      "a=0.04\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-sf*ns\n",
-      "N=ns-a*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load speed= 1485.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1440.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.22, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.85#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*(v/3**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tf=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 52.4097855621 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 99.9125764956 N-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 858.823529412 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.23, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=100#rpm considered\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "n2=n/2\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "ratio=((s2/s)*(r**2+(s*x)**2)/(r**2+(s2*x)**2))**0.5\n",
-      "per=1-1/ratio\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(s2*x/r)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 22.8528060715 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.307902262948\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.26, Page Number:1272"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "t=100#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-n\n",
-      "n2=n+ns/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator supply voltage=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator supply voltage= 220 V\n",
-        "new speed= 1050 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.24, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delclaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=1140.0#rpm\n",
-      "e=440.0#V\n",
-      "e2=550.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "s2=s1*(e/e2)**2\n",
-      "n2=ns*(1-s2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1053.6 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.25, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=450.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=873.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=23.0#degrees\n",
-      "n2=864.0#rpm\n",
-      "alpha=1.0/234.0#per degrees centrigrade\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s1=(900-n)/900\n",
-      "s2=(900-n2)/900\n",
-      "ratio=s2/s1-1\n",
-      "t2=(s2/s1-1)/alpha+23  \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in rotor resistance=\",ratio*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"approx temperature=\",t2,\"degrees centigrade\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in rotor resistance= 33.3333333333 %\n",
-        "approx temperature= 101.0 degrees centigrade\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.27, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=500.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "load=80.0#kW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/60.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=alt/(60.0*f)\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=(1.0/3.0)*load*1000/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*1000,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/10000,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 996.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.888888888889 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.28, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "n=1425.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "ratio=0.8\n",
-      "loss=500.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=75/ns\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "tf=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "ir=s*ratio*e1/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ir**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=2*3.4*(n/60)*tf\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "s=z.real/z.imag\n",
-      "tmax=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "nmax=ns-s*ns\n",
-      "i=ratio*e1/abs(z)\n",
-      "tst=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real)/(z.real**2+(z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" full load torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"cu_loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"max torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",nmax,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " full load torque= 78.9197452229 N-m\n",
-        "rotor current= 22.7215022978 A\n",
-        "cu_loss= 619.52 W\n",
-        "power output= 12245.5388535 W\n",
-        "max torque= 98.6496815287 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1350.0 rpm\n",
-        "starting current= 50.5546790867 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 19.5345904017 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.29, Page Number:1285"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "P=23#kW\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e=0.92\n",
-      "n=1440#r.p.m\n",
-      "loss=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=P/e\n",
-      "total_loss=motor_input-P\n",
-      "friction_loss=total_loss/p\n",
-      "Pm=P+friction_loss\n",
-      "Psw=Pm*1500/n\n",
-      "ws=2*3.14*1500/60\n",
-      "Tsw=Psw*1000/ws\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous torque=\",round(Tsw),\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous torque= 156.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.30, Page Number:1286"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60#kW\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=load-loss\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "rotor_loss=cu_loss*1000/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",rotor_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power developed= 57.23 kW\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 590.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.31, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=20#KW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "i=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "fr=s*f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*load*1000\n",
-      "r2=cu_loss/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",fr,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of rotor current= 1.5 Hz\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 600.0 W\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.0555555555556 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.32, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=3.73#KW\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "loss=280#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "input_r=load*1000*ns/n\n",
-      "input_s=input_r+loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator input=\",input_s,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator input= 4165.41666667 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.33, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=75.0#KW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "f1=alt/60\n",
-      "s=f1/f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss_r_per_phase=s*p2/3\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss per phase=\",cu_loss_r_per_phase,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechancal power=\",pm,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 966.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss per phase= 0.833333333333 kW\n",
-        "mechancal power= 72.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.34, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "n=975.0#rpm\n",
-      "p1=40.0#KW\n",
-      "loss_s=1.0#kW\n",
-      "loss=2.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "p2=p1-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft power=\",pout,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 2.5 %\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.975 kW\n",
-        "shaft power= 36.025 kW\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.35, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=100#KW\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.018\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "cu_loss=2440#W\n",
-      "iron_loss=3500#W\n",
-      "rotational_loss=1200#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output+rotational_loss/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=(s/(1-s))*pm\n",
-      "p2=pm+cu_loss_r\n",
-      "input_s=p2+cu_loss/1000+iron_loss/1000\n",
-      "il=input_s*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.85132382892 kW\n",
-        "line current= 22.1989272175 A\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.7202341611 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.36, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=100.0#W\n",
-      "c=120.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=c/(f*60)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2/3\n",
-      "n2=ns-n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of stator field with respect to rotor=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "mechanical power= 96.0 kW\n",
-        "copper loss= 1.33333333333 kW\n",
-        "speed of stator field with respect to rotor= 40.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.37, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.9\n",
-      "output=37#kW\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "x=total_loss/(3+0.5)\n",
-      "input_r=output*1000+x/2+x\n",
-      "s=x/input_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.0303030303 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.38, Page Number:1289"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=45#KW\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "iron_loss=1200#kW\n",
-      "loss=900#kW\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*i)\n",
-      "r=r*3/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*(i/3**0.5)**2*r\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=s*42788\n",
-      "pm=42788-cu_loss_r\n",
-      "output_s=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output_s/(load*1000)\n",
-      "t=(output_s*60)/(2*3.14*970)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"p out=\",output_s,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf= 0.866025403784\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 1283.64 W\n",
-        "p out= 40604.36 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.2319111111 %\n",
-        "torque= 399.937881673 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(a), Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.75\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "pcr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=pcr*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sm)\n",
-      "e3=sm*e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load torque=\",tg/9.81,\"kg-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor emf at max torque=\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load torque= 4.26478644041 kg-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n",
-        "rotor emf at max torque= 8.06457518868 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(b), Page Number:1290"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.86\n",
-      "loss=0.05\n",
-      "cu_r=0.04\n",
-      "m_loss=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=3**0.5*v*i*pf\n",
-      "loss_s=loss*input_m\n",
-      "input_r=input_m-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_lossr=cu_r*input_r\n",
-      "mec_loss=m_loss*input_r\n",
-      "output_shaft=input_r-cu_lossr-mec_loss\n",
-      "s=cu_lossr/input_r\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "wr=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "output_r=input_r-cu_lossr\n",
-      "tr=output_r/wr\n",
-      "tin=output_shaft/wr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed in the rotor=\",tr,\"Nw-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tin,\"Nw-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed in the rotor= 36.0531340072 Nw-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 34.9264735695 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 91
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.40, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "p=40.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.5\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(x*sm)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "input_r=cu_loss/sm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross output at 5% slip=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",input_r,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross output at 5% slip= 6242.77652849 W\n",
-        "maximum torque= 8780.04535147 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.41, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=0.025\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pw=loss*pout*1000\n",
-      "pm=pout*1000+pw\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*pm/(1-s)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout*1000/n\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"gross electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor cu loss= 796.510416667 W\n",
-        "rotor input= 19912.7604167 W\n",
-        "shaft torque= 123.685763889 N-m\n",
-        "gross electromagnetic torque= 126.777907986 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.42, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=710#rpm\n",
-      "load=35#kW\n",
-      "loss=1200#W\n",
-      "loss_r=600#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "p2=load*1000-loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss_r\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power output=\",pout,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.80266666667 kW\n",
-        "gross torque= 430.386666667 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power= 31997.3333333 W\n",
-        "net torque= 422.316244131 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power output= 31397.3333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.43, Page Number:1292"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tsh=149.3#N-m\n",
-      "loss=200#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=1620#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=tsh*2*3.14*(n/60)\n",
-      "output=pout+loss\n",
-      "p2=output*ns/n\n",
-      "cu_lossr=p2-output\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",pout/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"the efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 15.001664 kW\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 633.402666667 W\n",
-        "the efficiency= 85.9444669361 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.44, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "i2=35#A\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pm=pout+loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_lossr=pm*s*1000/(1-s)\n",
-      "r2=cu_lossr/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistane per phase=\",r2,\"ohm/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistane per phase= 0.222789115646 ohm/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.45, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sf=Symbol('sf')\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1/ratio\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*25))*(e2**2/(2*x))\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "sf=solve(0.5*(a**2+sf**2)-2*a*sf,sf)\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sf[0])\n",
-      "tf=tmax/2\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tf/60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"full load slip=\",sf[0]\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 318.47133758 N-m\n",
-        "full load slip= 0.0267949192431123\n",
-        "power output= 24330.1270189222 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.46, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "k=0.67\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1*k\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(sm*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_lossr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_lossr*(1-sm)/sm\n",
-      "n=(1-sm)*ns\n",
-      "tmax=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 40.4815391879 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 63.511037037 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.47, Page Number:1293"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e2=110#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at start=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at s=4%\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"full load torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf of motor at start= 0.164398987305\n",
-        "pf of motor at s=4% 0.972387301981\n",
-        "full load torque= 582.728189612 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.48, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "tsh=162.84#N-m\n",
-      "c=90.0\n",
-      "t=20.36#N-m\n",
-      "loss=830.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "fr=c/60\n",
-      "s=fr/f\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tsh/60\n",
-      "tg=tsh+t\n",
-      "p2=tg*ns/9.55\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"motor input\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 16532.6024 W\n",
-        "cu loss= 575.497382199 W\n",
-        "motor input 19758.7434555 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 83.6723369441 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.49, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=420.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.25,0.75)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.173,0.52)\n",
-      "v1=420.0#V\n",
-      "v2=350.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=zr.real+k**2*z.real\n",
-      "x02=zr.imag+k**2*z.imag\n",
-      "z02=((r+r02)**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v2/(3**0.5*z02)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*(r+zr.real)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss*3\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tst=9.55*p2/(ns*9.81)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"kg-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 48.2909354778 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.50, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "load=37.3#ohm\n",
-      "v=280#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.25\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "k=1.0/3\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wsc=2*v*i*pf\n",
-      "power_phase=v*i*pf\n",
-      "R=power_phase/i**2\n",
-      "r2_=R-r\n",
-      "r2=k**2*r2_\n",
-      "p2=3*i**2*r2_\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "t=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance perphaseof therotor winding=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"startingtorque=\",t,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance perphaseof therotor winding= 0.0222222222222 ohm\n",
-        "startingtorque= 305.6 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.51, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratios=1.6\n",
-      "ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "sb=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=(ratios/sf)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip at full load=\",sf\n",
-      "print \"slip at maximum torque=\",sb\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",i"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip at full load= 0.01\n",
-        "slip at maximum torque= 0.04\n",
-        "rotor current= 12.6491106407\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.52, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200#km/h\n",
-      "f=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "w=v*5.0/18/(2*f)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pole pitch=\",w*1000,\"mm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pole pitch= 277.777777778 mm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.53, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "w=6#mm\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p=6#kW\n",
-      "loss=1.2#kW\n",
-      "v=2.4#m/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vs=2*f*w/100\n",
-      "s=(vs-v)/vs\n",
-      "p2=p-loss\n",
-      "pcr=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-pcr\n",
-      "f=p2*1000/vs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous speed=\",vs,\"m/s\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",pcr,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"thrust=\",f/1000,\"kN\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous speed= 3 m/s\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "cu loss= 0.96 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 3.84 kW\n",
-        "thrust= 1.6 kN\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.54, Page Number:1304"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=0.12\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm/phase\n",
-      "pg=9000.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=r*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "v=(pg*rl/3)**0.5\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load resistance=\",rl,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"load voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"load current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load resistance= 0.586666666667 ohm\n",
-        "load voltage= 41.9523539268 V\n",
-        "load current= 71.5096941934 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 166
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.55, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r1=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "xm=complex(0,28.5)#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl_=r2_*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "i2_=(v/3**0.5)/complex(r1+rl_,x1)\n",
-      "i0=(v/3**0.5)/xm\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator current= (74.5730253701-19.1783634605j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.968485280755\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 177
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.56, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "power=3.73#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "b0=-1.0/30\n",
-      "loss=50#W\n",
-      "lossr=150#W\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zab=complex(30*complex(r2_/s,x2_))/complex(r2_/s,x2_-1/b0)\n",
-      "z01=complex(r1,x1)+zab\n",
-      "vph=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i1=v1/z01\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i1.real**2*zab.real\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "power_o=pm-lossr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=power_o/(power_o+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"input current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"air gap power=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"electro magnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",power_o,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "input current= (21.9914486234+42.6194245913j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.45854949826\n",
-        "air gap power= 5173.46132109 W\n",
-        "mechanical power= 4966.52286825 W\n",
-        "electro magnetic torque= 32.9377037443 N-m\n",
-        "output power= 4816.52286825 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.9644851937 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 184
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.57, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.44#ohm\n",
-      "loss=1250#W\n",
-      "lossr=1000#W\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "pf=0.09\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2_=v1/complex(r1+r2_/s,x1+x2_)\n",
-      "i1=i2_+complex(1.78,19.9)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i2_.real**2*r2_/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tg=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "pm=p2*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=pm-1000\n",
-      "cu_losss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_losss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/(pout+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= (50.2750367599+11.9125821807j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.973057118792\n",
-        "electromagnetic torque= 224.593900377 N-m\n",
-        "output= 33218.2329894 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 89.0932246577 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 186
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.58, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.06,0.2)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.06,0.22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r01=z.real+zr.real\n",
-      "x01=z.imag+zr.imag\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "s=z.real/(z.real+z01)\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "pmax=3*v1**2/(2*(r01+z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum gross power=\",pmax,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum gross power= 143676.459572 W\n",
-        "slip= 0.120771344025\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 188
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.59, Page Number:1307"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=115#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "z=complex(0.07,0.3)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.08,0.3)\n",
-      "gd=0.022#mho\n",
-      "bo=0.158#mho\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "rl_=1/bo*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "z=complex(z.real+zr.real+rl_,0.6)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=complex(16,-2.36)\n",
-      "io=v*complex(gd,-bo)\n",
-      "i1=io+i2\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "pg=3*abs(i2)**2*rl_/100\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pg/n\n",
-      "p2=3**0.5*v1*abs(i1)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=pg*100/p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pg,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary current= (16-2.36j) A\n",
-        "primary current= (17.460696181-12.8504543912j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.805393212665\n",
-        "power output= 2433.59058228 W\n",
-        "torque= 19.7625765823 N-m\n",
-        "input= 3477.92348593 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 69.9725164204 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.60, Page Number:1308"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,1)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.6,1)\n",
-      "zm=complex(10.0,50.0)\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sm=zr.real/(z.real**2+(z.imag+zr.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v1/((z.real+zr.real)**2+(zr.imag+z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tgmax=3*i2**2*z.real*60.0/(sm*2*3.14*1500)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tgmax,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 277.144160399 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_4BZsRLv.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_4BZsRLv.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index aebdac51..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_4BZsRLv.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:7d0991402755fd2e3c1083bccec70e0a43143da000e9a99e70877269e1fdc43a"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 31: Testing of DC Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.1, Page Number:1092"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l=38.1#kg\n",
-      "d=63.53*0.01#cm\n",
-      "v=12#rps\n",
-      "i=49#A\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=d/2\n",
-      "torque=l*r*9.81\n",
-      "power=torque*2*3.14*v\n",
-      "motor_input=i*V\n",
-      "efficiency=power*100/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output power=\",round(power),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(efficiency),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output power= 8947.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 83.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(a), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "spring_b1=10.0#kg\n",
-      "spring_b2=35.0#kg\n",
-      "d=40*0.01#m\n",
-      "v=950.0#rpm\n",
-      "V=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=30.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "F=(spring_b2-spring_b1)*9.81\n",
-      "N=v/60\n",
-      "R=d/2\n",
-      "tsh=F*R\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*N\n",
-      "output=tsh*omega\n",
-      "motor_input=V*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 4877.205 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.28675 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(b), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "t1=2.9#kg\n",
-      "t2=0.17#kg\n",
-      "r=7*0.01#m\n",
-      "i=2.0#A\n",
-      "V=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "force=(t1-t2)*9.81\n",
-      "torque=force*r\n",
-      "output=torque*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(V*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",torque,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1.874691 N-m\n",
-        "output 294.326487 W\n",
-        "efficiency 63.984018913 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.3, Page Number:1095"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_noload=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=i-ish\n",
-      "culoss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_noload-culoss\n",
-      "ia=32-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(output/input_)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 70.1754545455 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.4, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/r\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "Ia=I-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=Ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_lossa\n",
-      "input_nl1=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_nl1-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_nl\n",
-      "Eb1=V-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=V-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "change=math.fabs((Eb1-Eb2)/Eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*10,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",change*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 16852.5 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 84.2625 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= 5.64617314931 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.5, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=44.76#kW\n",
-      "i=13.25#A\n",
-      "ish=2.55#A\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p_nl=v*i\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "bd_loss=2*ia\n",
-      "variable_loss=bd_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "w=p_nl-variable_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-p*1000-w-2*I-ra*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v\n",
-      "e=p*1000/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Full load current=\",round(il),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Full load efficiency=\",round(e*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Full load current= 226.0 A\n",
-        "Full load efficiency= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.6, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "o=17.158#kW\n",
-      "inpt=20.2#KW\n",
-      "rf=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "o2=7.46#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loss1=inpt*1000.0-o*1000.0\n",
-      "ic=inpt*1000.0/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=ic-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "const_loss=loss1-cu_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-o2*1000.0-(ra*I**2)-const_loss],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v/1000.0\n",
-      "e=o2*1000*100/(pin*1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(il),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 74.1 %\n",
-        "power input= 50.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.7, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92#kW\n",
-      "ia=6.5#A\n",
-      "ish=2.2#A\n",
-      "i=70.0#A\n",
-      "pd=3.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ic_nl=ia+ish\n",
-      "pi=v*ic_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*pd/i\n",
-      "const_loss=pi-cu_lossa\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*I+cu_loss-p*1000-const_loss-(pd/i)*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "ic=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=v*ic\n",
-      "e=p*1000*100/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.8, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=200*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i1=36.0#A\n",
-      "I1=12.0#A\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "pd=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=400.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ia=i1-I1\n",
-      "ra=pd/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_nl=v*i1\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "output_i=p/v\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/(p+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "output_i=p/(2*v)\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/((p/2+total_loss)*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at half load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at full load= 91.3736344667 %\n",
-        "efficiency at half load= 89.6559292335 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.9, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92*1000#W\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpn\n",
-      "rsh=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=78.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_=0.8*p/e\n",
-      "total_loss=input_-0.8*p\n",
-      "input_i=input_/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "ra=total_loss/(2*(ia**2))\n",
-      "Ia=i-ish\n",
-      "total_loss2=Ia**2*ra+total_loss/2\n",
-      "input__=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=(input__-total_loss2)*100/input__\n",
-      "Eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=v-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "n2=(n*Eb2)/Eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"r.p.m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 86.9450046554 %\n",
-        "speed= 678.443304738 r.p.m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.10(a), Page Number:1101"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#W\n",
-      "i2=90.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=p/v\n",
-      "efficiency=math.sqrt(i1/(i1+i2))*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.11, Page Number:1102"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "motor_i=100#A\n",
-      "shunt_i1=3#A\n",
-      "shunt_i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "cu_loss=500#W\n",
-      "cu_lossa=361#W\n",
-      "ia=85#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "mech_core_stray_loss=0.5*((v*i)-(motor_i**2*ra)-(ia**2*ra))\n",
-      "cu_motor=v*shunt_i1\n",
-      "generator_motor=v*shunt_i2\n",
-      "total_loss=mech_core_stray_loss+cu_motor+generator_motor\n",
-      "input_=v*i+cu_motor\n",
-      "output=v*ia*10**(-3)\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss*10**(-3)+1.07+0.36\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eficiency= 89.8045430534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.12, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "i=48#A\n",
-      "i1=3#a\n",
-      "i2=3.5#A\n",
-      "motor_i=230#A\n",
-      "ra=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "cu_loss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=motor_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i1\n",
-      "total_cu_lossm=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "arm_i=233-i+i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=arm_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=arm_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i2\n",
-      "total_cu_lossg=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#set\n",
-      "totalcu_loss=total_cu_lossm+total_cu_lossg\n",
-      "total_input=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_input-totalcu_loss\n",
-      "strayloss_per=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor efficiency\n",
-      "input_=233*v\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossm+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",e,\"%\"\n",
-      "#generator efficiency\n",
-      "input_=110*185\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossg+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "100\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.4590884705 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 88.5893642506 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.13, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable series\n",
-      "v=500.0#A\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#w\n",
-      "auxiliary_i=30.0#A\n",
-      "output_i=200.0#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "i2=1.8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.075#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=2.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_arm=output_i+auxiliary_i\n",
-      "motorarm_culoss=(motor_arm**2*ra)+(motor_arm*2)\n",
-      "motorfield_culoss=v*i2\n",
-      "generatorarm_culoss=(output_i**2*ra)+(output_i*2)\n",
-      "generatoefield_culoss=v*i1\n",
-      "total_culoss=motorarm_culoss+motorfield_culoss+generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss\n",
-      "power=v*auxiliary_i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-total_culoss\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "total_loss=generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss+permachine\n",
-      "output=v*output_i\n",
-      "e=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 93.1001175389 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.14, Page Number:1104"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "motor_i=400.0#A\n",
-      "i1=6.0#A\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(motor_i-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*motor_i)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(motor_i-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 92.3148148148 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 91.4642857143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 77
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.15, Page Number:1105"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ia=380.0#A\n",
-      "i1=5.0#A\n",
-      "i2=4.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(ia-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*ia)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.7038001041 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 95.2121212121 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.16, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "v2=190.0#V\n",
-      "t=30#sec\n",
-      "t2=20#sec\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "avg_i=i/2\n",
-      "power=avg_v*avg_i\n",
-      "W=power*(t2/(t-t2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Stray loss=\",W,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Stray loss= 4100.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 85
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.17, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "n1=1525.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1475.0#ohm\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "p=1000.0#W\n",
-      "t2=20.0#sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "N=(n1+n2)/2\n",
-      "w=p*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(w*dt)/((2*3.14/60)**2*N*dN)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Moment of Inertia=\",I,\"kg-m2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Moment of Inertia= 121.708791432 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.18, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "v2=225.0#V\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "t2=6.0#ohm\n",
-      "iavg=10.0#A\n",
-      "i2=25.0#A\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "w_=avg_v*iavg\n",
-      "W=w_*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "ish=v3/r\n",
-      "ia=i2-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_shunt=v3*ia\n",
-      "total_loss=W+cu_loss+v3\n",
-      "e=((v*i2)-total_loss)/(v*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "734.210526316\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.7564912281 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.19, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n1=1030#rpm\n",
-      "n2=970#rpm\n",
-      "t1=36#sec\n",
-      "t2=15#sec\n",
-      "t3=9#sec\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "v=219#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "W=v*i*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(W*t2)/((2*3.14/60)**2*n*dN)\n",
-      "Wm=W*t2/t1\n",
-      "iron_loss=W-Wm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)moment of inertia=\",I,\"kg.m2\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)mechanical losses=\",Wm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)moment of inertia= 74.9650087225 kg.m2\n",
-        "ii)iron loss= 1916.25 W\n",
-        "iii)mechanical losses= 1368.75 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.20, Page Number:1110"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "iam=56.0#A\n",
-      "vam=590.0#V\n",
-      "vdm=40.0#V\n",
-      "iag=44.0#A\n",
-      "vag=400.0#V\n",
-      "vdg=40.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_total=(vdm+vam)*iam\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "total_loss=input_total-output\n",
-      "rse=vdg/iam\n",
-      "cu_loss=((r+2*rse)*iam**2)+(iag**2*r)\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "permachine=strayloss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "inputm=vam*iam\n",
-      "culossm=(r+rse)*iam**2\n",
-      "totallossm=culossm+permachine\n",
-      "output=inputm-totallossm\n",
-      "em=output*100/inputm\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "inputg=vag*iag\n",
-      "culossg=(r)*iag**2\n",
-      "totalloss=culossg+permachine+(vdm*iam)\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "eg=output*100/(output+totalloss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",em,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",eg,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "motor efficiency= 72.6997578692 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 67.0220868241 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_4DFRgPd.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_4DFRgPd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0690f646..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_4DFRgPd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1741 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:e71bef33b0871199556c73182ec6cd28497a9d9d16612973a23ee2cceda4b35b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 26: D.C. Generators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.3, Page Number:912"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=450#A\n",
-      "v=230#v\n",
-      "rs=50#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.03#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+va\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f. generated in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f. generated in the armature=  243.62  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.4, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#v\n",
-      "rs=250#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vs=ia*rseries\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "vb=ish*b\n",
-      "E=v+va+vs+vb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  506.16  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.5, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "v=220#v\n",
-      "rs=200#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=i*rseries\n",
-      "vshunt=v+vs\n",
-      "ish=vshunt/v\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vb=b*2\n",
-      "E=v+vs+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  232.552045455  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.6, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": true,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#v\n",
-      "i=150.0#A\n",
-      "rs=92.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.03#ohm(divertor)\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rd*rseries)/(rd+rseries)\n",
-      "tr=ra+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "Eg=v+vd\n",
-      "tp=Eg*ia\n",
-      "pl=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*sdr)+(v*ish)+(v*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resuts\n",
-      "print \"i) Induced e.m.f.= \",Eg,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)Total power generated= \",tp,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)Distribution of the total power:\"\n",
-      "print \" power lost in armature=                \", ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "print \"power lost in series field and divider= \", ia*ia*sdr\n",
-      "print \"power dissipated in shunt winding=      \", v*ish\n",
-      "print \"power delivered to load=                \", v*i\n",
-      "print \"                                         ------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Total=                                  \", pl"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) Induced e.m.f.=  236.405  V\n",
-        "ii)Total power generated=  36051.7625  W\n",
-        "iii)Distribution of the total power:\n",
-        " power lost in armature=                 744.2\n",
-        "power lost in series field and divider=  232.5625\n",
-        "power dissipated in shunt winding=       575.0\n",
-        "power delivered to load=                 34500.0\n",
-        "                                         ------------\n",
-        "Total=                                   36051.7625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.7, Page Number:914"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=300000.0#w\n",
-      "v=600.0#v\n",
-      "sr=75.0#ohm\n",
-      "abr=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "cr=0.011#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "dr=0.036#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "io=p/v#output current\n",
-      "ish=v/sr\n",
-      "ia=io+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rseries*dr)/(rseries+dr)\n",
-      "tr=abr+cr+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "va=v+vd\n",
-      "pg=va*ia\n",
-      "W=pg/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generatedby the armature= \",va,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power generated by the armature= \",W, \"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generatedby the armature=  625.4  V\n",
-        "Power generated by the armature=  317.7032 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.8, Page Number:915"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=7*math.pow(10,-3)\n",
-      "z=51*20\n",
-      "a=p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#r.p.m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=(phi*z*n*p)/(a*60)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generated= \",Eg,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generated=  178.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.9, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=8\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "N=500#armature conductor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=phi*(n/60)*(p/a)*N\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f generated= \",E,\" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f generated=  500.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.10, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=127#v\n",
-      "vt=120#v(terminal voltage)\n",
-      "r=15#ohms\n",
-      "i1=8.47#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohms\n",
-      "fi=8#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=v+(i1*ra)\n",
-      "ia=(Eg-vt)/ra\n",
-      "il=ia-fi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current \",il,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current  350.47  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(a), Page Number:917"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=778\n",
-      "n=500\n",
-      "ra=0.24\n",
-      "rl=12.5\n",
-      "r=250\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "si=v/r\n",
-      "ai=il+si\n",
-      "emf=v+(ai*ra)\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ai,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",emf,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",round(phi*1000,2),\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  21.0  A\n",
-        "induced e.m.f.=  255.04  V\n",
-        "flux per pole=  9.83  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(b), Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "P=5000.0#w\n",
-      "P2=2500.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=120\n",
-      "N=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "gc=P/v\n",
-      "li=P2/v\n",
-      "ti=gc+li\n",
-      "fc=1\n",
-      "ai=ti+fc\n",
-      "ard=ai*ra\n",
-      "emf=v+ard+2\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*N)\n",
-      "ac_perparralelpath=ai/p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current per parallel path= \",ac_perparralelpath,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Flux per pole=  129.1  mWb\n",
-        "Armature current per parallel path=  7.75  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.12, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2.0#V(brush drop)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "R=v/i\n",
-      "E1=v+(i*ra)+bd\n",
-      "E2=(E1*n2)/n1\n",
-      "il=(E2-bd)/0.675\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.= \",round(il,2),\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.=  157.04  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.13, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=900 #rpm\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "E=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "phi=10#mWb\n",
-      "N=8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(E-V)/ra\n",
-      "Z=(E*600*2)/(phi*math.pow(10,-3)*n*p)\n",
-      "#since there ae 8 turns in a coil,it means there are 16 active conductor\n",
-      "number_of_coils=Z/16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"number of coils= \",number_of_coils"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  100.0  A\n",
-        "number of coils=  500.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.14, Page Number:919"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=120.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rs=25#ohm\n",
-      "rsw=0.04#ohm(series winding)\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "#i)Long shunt\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#i)Short shunt\n",
-      "vds=il*rsw\n",
-      "vs=V+vds\n",
-      "ish=vs/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt=  130.48  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt= 104.8  A\n",
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt=  130.496  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt= 104.96  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.15, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=25000.0#W\n",
-      "V=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=1.0#V\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/V\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "vds=ia*rseries\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "vdb=vb*2\n",
-      "E=V+vds+vda+vdb\n",
-      "Z=(E*60*4)/(phi*n*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"The e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"The number of conductors=\",Z"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The e.m.f. generated=  505.675  V\n",
-        "The number of conductors= 1264.1875\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.16, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "e=240.0#V\n",
-      "z=792\n",
-      "phi=0.0145#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi_working=(e*60*2)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "lambda_=phi/phi_working\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Leakage coefficient= \",round(lambda_,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Leakage coefficient=  1.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.17, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rt=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "rtotal=t*rt\n",
-      "r_eachpath=rtotal/p\n",
-      "ra=r_eachpath/a\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "V=E-vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage= \",V, \" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal Voltage=  459.25  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.18, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rturn=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rsc=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ra=0.055#ohm\n",
-      "ra=ra+rsc\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "v=E-va\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "i=ia-ish\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output= \",round(output/1000,3),\" kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output=  20.813  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.19, Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "v=125#V\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E1=v+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "E2=E1*n2/n1*0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%=\",E2,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%= 90.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(a), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=378\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "rl=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "V=(100.0/111.0)*E\n",
-      "il=V/rl\n",
-      "P=il*V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power absorbed by the load is= \",P,\" W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power absorbed by the load is=  5154.12710007  W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(b), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=300\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#rpm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "il=90#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ifield=E/rf\n",
-      "ia=ifield+il\n",
-      "V=E-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage= \",V,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal voltage=  481.2  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(a), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "e=250.0#V\n",
-      "d=350.0#mm\n",
-      "air_gap=3.0#mm\n",
-      "al=260.0#mm\n",
-      "fringing=0.8\n",
-      "coils=96\n",
-      "t=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=t*coils*2\n",
-      "a=p*2\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "di=d+air_gap\n",
-      "pole_arc=(3.14*di*fringing)/6\n",
-      "B=phi/(pole_arc*0.000001*al)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi,\" Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"effective pole arc lenght= \",pole_arc*0.001,\" m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux density= \",B,\" T\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  0.0434027777778  Wb\n",
-        "effective pole arc lenght=  0.147789333333  m\n",
-        "flux density=  1.12953862717  T\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(b), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "e=250.0#v\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "b=35.0#cm\n",
-      "ratio=0.7\n",
-      "lpole=20.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pole_pitch=(b*3.14)/p\n",
-      "polearc=ratio*pole_pitch\n",
-      "pole_area=polearc*lpole\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "mean_flux=phi/(pole_area*math.pow(10,-4))\n",
-      "              \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Mean flux density= \",mean_flux,\" Wb/m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Mean flux density=  0.649941505265  Wb/m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(d), Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v+(i*rseries)\n",
-      "ish=va/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "e=va+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "ishunt=v/rs\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rseries)\n",
-      "e2=v+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(short shunt)\",e,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(long shunt)\",e2,\" V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf generated(short shunt) 114.070666667  V\n",
-        "emf generated(long shunt) 114.123666667  V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.22, Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "w=20000.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rs=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=w/v\n",
-      "i_f=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+i_f\n",
-      "ip=w/efficiency#input power\n",
-      "total_loss=ip-w\n",
-      "copper_loss=(ia*ia*(ra+rseries))+(i_f*i_f*rs)\n",
-      "ironloss=total_loss-copper_loss\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "T=ip/omega\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#omega\n",
-      "print \"Copper loss= \",copper_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Iron and friction loss= \",ironloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque developed by the prime mover= \",T,\"Nw-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Copper loss=  1216.88892562  W\n",
-        "Iron and friction loss=  2312.52283909  W\n",
-        "Torque developed by the prime mover=  224.803297115 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.23, Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declartaion\n",
-      "power=10000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=534\n",
-      "cu_loss=0.64*1000#W\n",
-      "vbd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=power/v\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+vbd\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  30.0  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(a), Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=195#A\n",
-      "pd=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "p=250#W\n",
-      "strayloss=950#W\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=pd/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=pd+vda\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(pd*ish)\n",
-      "output_prime=(pd*i)+strayloss+cu_loss\n",
-      "power_a=output_prime-strayloss\n",
-      "neu_m=(power_a/output_prime)\n",
-      "neu_e=(pd*i)/((pd*i)+cu_loss)\n",
-      "neu_c=(pd*i)/output_prime\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \" b)Cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" c)output of prime mover= \",output_prime,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" d)mechanical efficiency= \",neu_m*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   electrical efficiency= \",neu_e*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   commercial efficiency= \",neu_c*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)e.m.f. generated=  254.0  V\n",
-        " b)Cu losses=  2050.0  W\n",
-        " c)output of prime mover=  51750.0  W\n",
-        " d)mechanical efficiency=  98.1642512077  %\n",
-        "   electrical efficiency=  95.9645669291  %\n",
-        "   commercial efficiency=  94.2028985507  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(b), Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "total_loss=(v*i*0.5)+((il+i*0.5)*(il+i*0.5)*ra)+(v*i*0.5)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency=  87.8312542029  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.25, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=196#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "stray_loss=720#W\n",
-      "rsh=55#ohm\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "inpute=output/e\n",
-      "total_loss=inpute-output\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "constant_loss=cu_loss+stray_loss\n",
-      "culoss_a=total_loss-constant_loss\n",
-      "ra=culoss_a/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "I=math.sqrt(constant_loss/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency\",I,\" A\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency 122.283568103  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.26, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "p=22*1000#w\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "I=p/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+I\n",
-      "vdseries=ia*rseries\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*rseries)+(rsh*ish*ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=(p/efficiency)-p\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "T=(p/efficiency*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)iron and friction loss= \",strayloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)Torque exerted by the prime mover= \",T,\" N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cu losses=  1584.44  W\n",
-        "b)iron and friction loss=  1415.56  W\n",
-        "c)Torque exerted by the prime mover=  238.853503185  N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.27, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=1#V(voltage drop per brush)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=i*r\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+(2*vdb)\n",
-      "totalpower=E*ia\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/totalpower\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced e.m.f.=  214.0  V\n",
-        "efficiency=  77.8816199377  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.28, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=100#ohm\n",
-      "ironloss=1000#W\n",
-      "frictionloss=500#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "totalra=ra+rseries+ri\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "copperloss=ia*ia*totalra\n",
-      "shculoss=ish*v\n",
-      "total_loss=copperloss+ironloss+frictionloss+shculoss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"F.L. efficiency of the machine= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "F.L. efficiency of the machine=  87.3089843128  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.29, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "ironloss=8#kW\n",
-      "r=0.25#reduction in speed\n",
-      "n_ironloss=5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([ironloss-(A*1+B*1**2),n_ironloss-(A*(1-r)+B*(1-r)**2)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]\n",
-      "we=ans[B]\n",
-      "wh2=ans[A]*0.5\n",
-      "we2=ans[B]*0.5**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)full speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)half speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh2,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we2,3),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)full speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 2.667 kW\n",
-        "We= 5.333 kW\n",
-        "ii)half speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 1.333 kW\n",
-        "We= 1.333 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.30, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "N=Symbol('N')\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "wh=250.0#w\n",
-      "we=100.0#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "A=wh/(n/60)\n",
-      "B=we/((n/60)**2)\n",
-      "new_loss=(wh+we)/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([new_loss-A*N-B*(N**2)],[N])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed at which total loss will be halved=\",ans[1],\"r.p.s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed at which total loss will be halved= (9.50045787200216,) r.p.s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.31, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=160.0#ohm\n",
-      "mechcoreloss=500.0#W\n",
-      "culoss=360.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "i=output/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+i\n",
-      "culossa=ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "totalloss=culoss+mechcoreloss+culossa\n",
-      "inputp=output+totalloss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inputp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power required= \",inputp*0.001,\" kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficinecy= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power required=  11.9780166667  kW\n",
-        "efficinecy=  83.486275552  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.32, Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=110*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.002#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "E=v+ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf=  226.024  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.33 Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "E=216.0#V\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "slots=144\n",
-      "con=6\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=con*slots\n",
-      "a=p\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "armatureE=(phi*z*n2*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the armature emf= \",armatureE,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the armature emf=  360.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.34 Page Number:933"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ar=p*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature resistance=\",ar"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature resistance= 0.6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_5BlMA37.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_5BlMA37.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f35c124e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_5BlMA37.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1233 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:fc88e8a107629d62ff7c77f84f67a9d9da67e1160053ed6d930ef88cb4cc11d6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 27: Armature Reaction and Commutation"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.1, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=722\n",
-      "ia=100.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=8.0#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 802.222222222\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 3710.27777778\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.2, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=1280\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "commuter=160\n",
-      "advanced_segments=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/8\n",
-      "theta_m=advanced_segments*360/commuter\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 800.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1200.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(a), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=880\n",
-      "ia=120.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=3.0#degrees\n",
-      "n=1100#tturns/pole\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "iadditional=(atd_perpole/n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"b)cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"c)additional field current=\",iadditional,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)armature demagnetization= 440.0 AT\n",
-        "b)cross-magnetization= 6160.0 AT\n",
-        "c)additional field current= 0.4 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(b), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=480\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0*2#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/4\n",
-      "total=(z*i)/(2*p)\n",
-      "atd_perpole=total*(2*theta_m/180)\n",
-      "atc_perpole=total*(1-(2*theta_m/180))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 500.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1750.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.4, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=492\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0\n",
-      "ia=143.0+10.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=ia/2#wave wound\n",
-      "i2=ia/4#lap wound\n",
-      "atd_perpole1=z*i1*theta_m/360#wave wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt1=atd_perpole1/theta_m\n",
-      "atd_perpole2=z*i2*(theta_m/360.0)#lap wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt2=atd_perpole2/theta_m\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"wave wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole1,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt1)\n",
-      "print \"lap wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole2,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "wave wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 1045.5 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 104\n",
-        "lap wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 522.75 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 52\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.5, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "p=50*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "z=400\n",
-      "commuter=4\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "segments=z/a\n",
-      "theta=pole*360.0/segments\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360)\n",
-      "extra=atd/ish\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"demagnetisation=\",atd,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt turns/poles\",extra"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "demagnetisation= 820.0 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt turns/poles 164.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.6, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "theta=10.0#degrees\n",
-      "lambda_=1.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*p))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "atd=z*i*theta/360\n",
-      "extra=lambda_*atd/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)cross magnetization ampere-turns=\",atc\n",
-      "print \"ii)back ampere-turns\",atd\n",
-      "print \"iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns\",int(extra)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)cross magnetization ampere-turns= 2777.77777778\n",
-        "ii)back ampere-turns 1388.88888889\n",
-        "iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns 9\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.7, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=22.38#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "z=840\n",
-      "commutator=140\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ish=1.8#A\n",
-      "back=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=p*1000.0/efficiency\n",
-      "input_i=motor_input/v\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2.0\n",
-      "theta=back*360/commutator\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360.0)\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*pole))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole=\",atd\n",
-      "print \"distorting amp-turns/pole=\",atc"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole= 251.998140496\n",
-        "distorting amp-turns/pole= 2687.98016529\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.8, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ia=1000#A\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "z=860\n",
-      "per=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "at=per/p*z*(i/2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"AT/pole for compensation winding=\",at"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "AT/pole for compensation winding= 3010.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.9, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "segment=123\n",
-      "wb=3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=n/60.0*segment\n",
-      "commutation=wb/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commutation time=\",commutation*1000,\"millisecond\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commutation time= 1.82926829268 millisecond\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.10, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "d=30#cm\n",
-      "ia=150#A\n",
-      "wb=1.25#cm\n",
-      "L=0.07*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "v=3.14*d*(n/60)\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 19.782 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.11, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "segments=55\n",
-      "n=900\n",
-      "wb=1.74\n",
-      "L=153*math.pow(10,-6)#H\n",
-      "i=27#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=segments*n/60\n",
-      "Tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/Tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 3.91732758621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.12, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "z=64\n",
-      "wb=1.2\n",
-      "L=0.05#mH\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "L=L*0.001\n",
-      "v=n/60*z\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "#i.linear\n",
-      "E1=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "#ii.sinusoidal\n",
-      "E2=1.11*E1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Linear commutation,E=\",E1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Sinosoidal commutation,E=\",E2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Linear commutation,E= 5.0 V\n",
-        "Sinosoidal commutation,E= 5.55 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.13, Page Number:951"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "B=0.5#Wb/m2\n",
-      "Ig=4.0#mm\n",
-      "ia=500.0#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "arm_mmf=z*(ia/p)/(2*p)\n",
-      "compole=int(B*Ig*0.001/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)))\n",
-      "mag=0.1*compole\n",
-      "total_compole=int(compole+mag)\n",
-      "total_mmf=arm_mmf+total_compole\n",
-      "Ncp=total_mmf/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of turns on each commutating pole=\",int(Ncp)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of turns on each commutating pole= 11\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.14, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p1=100.0#kW\n",
-      "V1=250#V\n",
-      "p2=300.0#kW\n",
-      "V2=250#V\n",
-      "i1=200#A\n",
-      "i2=500#A\n",
-      "il=600#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "delI1=p1/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "delI2=p2/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load=\",delI1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load=\",delI2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load= 150.0 A\n",
-        "Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load= 450.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 92
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.15, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v_nl1=270#V\n",
-      "v_l=220#V\n",
-      "il1=35#A\n",
-      "v_nl2=280#V\n",
-      "il2=50#A\n",
-      "il=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v_nl1-v_l\n",
-      "vd_pa=vd1/il1#voltage drop per ampere\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd_pa2=(v_nl2-v_l)/il2\n",
-      "#270=(10/7)i1=280-1.2*i2\n",
-      "ans=solve([4.2*i2-5*i1-35,i1+i2-60],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v_nl2-vd_pa2*ans[i2]\n",
-      "o1=v*ans[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=v*ans[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output current of first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1)\n",
-      "print \"output current of second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1)\n",
-      "print \"output of first machine=\",round(o1,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second machine=\",round(o2,1),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output current of first machine= 23.6\n",
-        "output current of second machine= 36.4\n",
-        "output of first machine= 5.7 kW\n",
-        "output of second machine= 8.9 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.16, Page Number:958"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rf=20#ohm\n",
-      "i=4000#A\n",
-      "v1=210#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#V+(i1+v/20)*0.01=210\n",
-      "#V+(i2+v/20)*0.01=220\n",
-      "#solving the above two equations we have i1-i2=1000\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1-i2-1000,i1+i2-4000],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=solve([v1-(ans[i1]+v/20)*0.01-v],[v])\n",
-      "o1=V[v]*ans[i1]/1000\n",
-      "o2=V[v]*ans[i2]/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",V[v],\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"output of first generator=\",o1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second generator=\",o2,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Bus bar voltage= 184.907546226887 V\n",
-        "output of first generator= 462.268865567216 kW\n",
-        "output of second generator= 277.361319340330 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.17, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "i=250.0#A\n",
-      "v1=50.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=100.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.06\n",
-      "r2=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v*r1\n",
-      "il1=v1*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d1=vd1/il1\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd2=v*r2\n",
-      "il2=v2*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d2=vd2/il2\n",
-      "#3i1/10=i2/10\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1+i2-i,3*i1-i2],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v-(3*ans[i1]/10)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(v,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to first machine= 62.5 A\n",
-        "current delivered to second machine= 187.5 A\n",
-        "terminal voltage= 481.3 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.18, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x1=Symbol('x1')\n",
-      "x2=Symbol('x2')\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "w1=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=119.0#V\n",
-      "w2=200.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=116.0#V\n",
-      "i=3500.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-119)(x1/100)] for generator 1\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-116)(x2/100)] for generator 2\n",
-      "#(250x1*1000/100)+(200x2*1000/100)=v*3500\n",
-      "#v=125-6x1/100\n",
-      "ans=solve([(250.0*x1*1000.0/100.0)+(200.0*(2.0*x1*1000.0)/300.0)-((125.0-((6.0*x1)/100.0))*3500.0)],[x1])\n",
-      "V=v-(6.0*ans[x1]/100.0)\n",
-      "ans2=solve([V-(v-((v-v2)*(x2/100.0)))],[x2])\n",
-      "ratio=ans[x1]/ans2[x2]\n",
-      "I=solve([ratio-((i1*w2)/(i2*w1)),i1+i2-i],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(I[i1],0),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(I[i2],0),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 2283.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 1217.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.19, Page Number:960"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "IA=Symbol('IA')\n",
-      "IB=Symbol('IB')\n",
-      "va1=240.0#V\n",
-      "va2=220.0#v\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "vb1=245.0#V\n",
-      "vb2=220.0#V\n",
-      "ib=150.0#A\n",
-      "i=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=solve([(va1-((va1-va2)*IA/ia))-(vb1-((vb1-vb2)*IB/ib)),IA+IB-i],[IA,IB])\n",
-      "vbus=va1-((va1-va2)*I[IA]/ia)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",round(I[IA],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",round(I[IB],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"V bus=\",round(vbus,2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 168.75 A\n",
-        "IB= 131.25 A\n",
-        "V bus= 223.13 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.20, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "n=5.0#number ofshunt generators\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "incr=0.04#increase in current\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=p/n\n",
-      "o=load*1000.0/v\n",
-      "a_drop=ra*o\n",
-      "emf=v+a_drop\n",
-      "incr=incr*emf\n",
-      "emf1=emf+incr\n",
-      "#emf1-ra*i1=V\n",
-      "#emf-ra*i2=V\n",
-      "I=solve([emf1-emf-ra*(i1-i2),i1+4.1*i2-510],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=I[i1]+4.0*I[i2]#V=i1+4*i2\n",
-      "o1=V*I[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=V*I[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power output of first machine=\",round(o1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output of second machine=\",round(o2,2),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage=\",round(V),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power output of first machine= 133.0 kW\n",
-        "Power output of second machine= 30.24 kW\n",
-        "Terminal voltage= 504.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.21, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "i=1500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "emf1=400.0#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "emf2=440.0#V\n",
-      "rs1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs2=80.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#i2=1500-i1\n",
-      "#ish1=v/100, ish2=v/80\n",
-      "#ia1=i1+v/100, ia2=i2+v/80\n",
-      "ans=solve([(0.5/0.04)-((emf1-1.005*V)/(1.0005*V-380))],[V])\n",
-      "i1=(emf1-1.005*ans[V])/0.5\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "o1=ans[V]*i1/1000\n",
-      "o2=ans[V]*i2/1000\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage=\",round(ans[V],2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 33.86 A\n",
-        "I2= 1466.14 A\n",
-        "Terminal Voltage= 381.16 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.22, Page Number:962"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v1=250#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "rf1=100#ohm\n",
-      "v2=248#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "rf2=100#ohm\n",
-      "i=40#A\n",
-      "ir=0.172#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([V+((I+V/rf1)*ra1)-v1,V+((I+V/rf2)*ra2)-v2],[I,V])\n",
-      "ib=i-2*ans[I]\n",
-      "vd=ib*ir\n",
-      "eb=ans[V]+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf of battery=\",round(eb),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of battery= 248.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.23, Page Number:963"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=400#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "vb=410#V\n",
-      "rb=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "V=390#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loada=(va-V)/ra\n",
-      "loadb=(vb-V)/rb\n",
-      "pa=loada*V\n",
-      "pb=loadb*V\n",
-      "net_v=vb-va\n",
-      "total_r=ra+rb\n",
-      "i=net_v/total_r\n",
-      "terminal_v=va+(i*ra)\n",
-      "power_AtoB=terminal_v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",terminal_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power=\",power_AtoB,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 15.3846153846 A\n",
-        "Voltage= 403.846153846 V\n",
-        "Power= 6213.01775148 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.24, Page Number:964"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "i=500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "ra2=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "sw1=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "sw2=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "e1=240.0#V\n",
-      "e2=244.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "V=solve([(((e1-v)/ra1)+((e2-v)/ra2)-i)],[v])\n",
-      "i1=(e1-V[v])/ra1\n",
-      "i2=(e2-V[v])/ra2\n",
-      "#ratio of series winding (1/0.004):(1/0.0006) or 3:2\n",
-      "is1=i*3/5\n",
-      "is2=i*2/5\n",
-      "vbus=V[v]-(is1*sw1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current in series winding:\"\n",
-      "print \"generator A=\",round(is1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"generator B=\",round(is2),\"B\"\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",round(vbus,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 200.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 300.0 A\n",
-        "Current in series winding:\n",
-        "generator A= 300.0 A\n",
-        "generator B= 200.0 B\n",
-        "Bus bar voltage= 236.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_67txrIp.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_67txrIp.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6653720b..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_67txrIp.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2354 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:102ba4bcb83ebd9f77c7c3f970c6e3d48b2bd31161c690d1b5c67b800706b1d0"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 29: D.C. Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.1, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#as generator \n",
-      "eg=v+i*r\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "eb=v-i*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"as generator:eg=\",eg,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"as motor:eb=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "as generator:eg= 230.0 V\n",
-        "as motor:eb= 210.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.2, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=Symbol('ia')\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "brush_drop=2#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n2=700#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=v/i\n",
-      "eg1=v+i*r+brush_drop\n",
-      "eg2=eg1*n2/n\n",
-      "ia=solve(eg2-2-ia*r-2.5*ia,ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to the load=\",ia[0],\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to the load= 69.7692307692308 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.3, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200#ohm\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "im=output*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=im-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "back emf= 425.642780749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.4, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#as generator\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "As generator: power= 26.12424 kW\n",
-        "As generator: power= 23.92376 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.5, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=32\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "ra=2.0#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=i+v/rf\n",
-      "eg=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eg*a*60/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "ia=i2-v/rf\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi,\"wb\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the machine=\",math.ceil(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 0.42375 wb\n",
-        "speed of the machine= 850.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.6, Page Number:1002"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=110#A\n",
-      "v=480#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "z=864\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 636.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 755.568 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.7, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=782\n",
-      "ra=rf=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 705.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 248.676 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.8, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=eb*ia\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"machanical power=\",pm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 79.5833333333 N-m\n",
-        "machanical power= 12500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.9, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=800\n",
-      "load=8.2#kW\n",
-      "ia=45#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "a=p/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=load*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 286.2 N-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 270.618131415 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.10, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=2*i\n",
-      "fb1=v-(i*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia2*ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/fb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when torque is doubled=\",n2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when torque is doubled= 476.19047619 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.11, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "ra=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2#v\n",
-      "i=1.8#A\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/v\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "il=ratio*il\n",
-      "ia=il-i\n",
-      "r=solve(ia*(r+ra)+vd-v,r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load shaft torque\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"total resistance=\",r[0],\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load line current= 124.333333333 A\n",
-        "full-load shaft torque 356.215 N-m\n",
-        "total resistance= 3.82420021762787 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.12, Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "output=5.595#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "phi=30*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",tsh*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 804.481481481 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed= 66.4182473183 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(a), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=20.0#kW\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "phi=0.04#Wb\n",
-      "z=160\n",
-      "il=95.0#A\n",
-      "inl=9.0#A\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ea0=v-(inl-i)*ra\n",
-      "n0=ea0*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "#load\n",
-      "ea=v-(il-i)*ra\n",
-      "n=ea*n0/ea0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load speed=\",n0,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"load speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load speed= 1030.5 rpm\n",
-        "load speed= 1014.375 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(b), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "i=400#A\n",
-      "n=350#rpm\n",
-      "phi=80*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "z=600*2\n",
-      "loss=0.03#percentage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=phi*z*n*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "pa=e*i\n",
-      "t=pa/(2*3.14*n/60)\n",
-      "t_net=0.97*t\n",
-      "bhp=t_net*36.67*0.001/0.746\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"brake-horse-power\",bhp,\"HP\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "brake-horse-power 291.551578696 HP\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(c), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=774\n",
-      "phi=24*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "t=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 295.3584 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(d), Page Number:1005"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ih=v/rf\n",
-      "pi=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=cu_loss=v*ih\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(il+ih)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_a+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 87.8312542029 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(e), Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delcration\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "loss=0.5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+loss*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output of the motor=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output of the motor= 7.82 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.14, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=400.0#N\n",
-      "d=10.0#cm\n",
-      "n=840#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1800#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=.80\n",
-      "d2=24.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "tsh=f*d*0.01/2\n",
-      "output=tsh*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "input_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "d1=n*d2/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the motor=\",round(i),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"size of motor pulley=\",d1,\"cm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the motor= 10.0 A\n",
-        "size of motor pulley= 11.2 cm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.15, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=280\n",
-      "ia=45.0#A\n",
-      "phi=18*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5+0.3#ohm\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "d=0.41\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*60*a/(phi*z*p*4)\n",
-      "inpt=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "f=tsh*2/d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pull at the rim of the pulley=\",f,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pull at the rim of the pulley= 628.016180845 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.16, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "output=11.19#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "i=1#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1#V\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output*1000/n\n",
-      "phi=eb*60*a*1000/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=ia*2\n",
-      "power=input_a-(cu_loss+brush_loss)\n",
-      "rotational_loss=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*(ia+i)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"total torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux/pole=\",phi,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",rotational_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "total torque= 112.2125 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 106.8645 N-m\n",
-        "flux/pole= 13.0555555556 mWb\n",
-        "rotational losses= 460.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.4215686275 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 106
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.17, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=30.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2_by_t1=i2**2/i**2\n",
-      "change=(1-t2_by_t1)*100#percentage\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in torque=\",change,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 679.127725857 rpm\n",
-        "percentage change in torque= 43.75 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.18, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "output=55.95#kW\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "I=252.8#kg-m2\n",
-      "ia1=1.4\n",
-      "ia2=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ia1+ia2)/2\n",
-      "n=n/60.0\n",
-      "tsh=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque_avg=(ia-1)*tsh\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque_avg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"approximate time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "approximate time to attain full speed= 46.4050282991 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.19, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "I=7.5#kg-m2\n",
-      "ratio=1.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=n/60\n",
-      "t=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque=(ratio-1)*t\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "time to attain full speed= 4.4055406613 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 138
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.20, Page Number:1009"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=944\n",
-      "phi=34.6*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ta=209.0#N-m\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=3.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=ta/(0.159*phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "ea=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=ea/(phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n*60,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 20.1219966813 A\n",
-        "speed= 403.798260345 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.21, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#v\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-ish)*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-(i2-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when loaded=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when loaded= 966.21078037 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.22, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=100#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=25#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.45\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor runs=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor runs= 1940.37940379 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.23, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115.0#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=2.5#A\n",
-      "n2=1120#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra*ia\n",
-      "x=n2*eb1/n1\n",
-      "ia2=solve((v-ra*ia2)-x,ia2)\n",
-      "ia=ia2[0]+(v/rf)\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",round(ia,1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(input_m,1),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 35.0 A\n",
-        "power input= 8050.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.24, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=100.0#kW\n",
-      "n1=300#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=10.0#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rf=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=power*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra+2*vd\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n1/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 278.796797778 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.25, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by whih armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia2=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n0=n*eb0/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n0/(eb0*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of machine=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of machine= 960.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.26, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ooutput=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb_inst=eb1*(1-ratio)\n",
-      "ia_inst=(v-eb_inst)/ra\n",
-      "t_inst=9.55*eb_inst*ia_inst/n\n",
-      "ia2=i/(1-ratio)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 93.75 A\n",
-        "speed= 1224.66216216 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 191
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.27, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#A\n",
-      "v2=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "input_m=8.0#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "il=input_m*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=il-ish\n",
-      "ra=v2/i2\n",
-      "eb0=v-ish*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss=ish**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=inpt-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_arm=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_arm\n",
-      "output=input_m*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_m*1000)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed on load=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "speed on load= 623.943661972 rpm\n",
-        "torque= 103.0636 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 197
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.28, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=11#kW\n",
-      "inl=5#A\n",
-      "n_nl=1150#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=v*inl\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=inl-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss_a+constant_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(load*1000)\n",
-      "eb_nl=v-(ia0*ra)\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=n_nl*eb/eb_nl\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque developed= 87.096 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.5361818182 %\n",
-        "the speed= 1031.57894737 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.29, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vb=3#V\n",
-      "rf=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ia=80.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when current is 100 A=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when current is 100 A= 473.949579832 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.30, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia1=i*math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*ia1)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor will run when developing half the torque=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when motor will run when developing half the torque= 1147.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.31, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25#A\n",
-      "v=450#V\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "phi=1.7*0.01*math.pow(ia,0.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=n*phi*z*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "iara=v-eb\n",
-      "ra=iara/ia\n",
-      "i=math.pow((phi*ia*math.sqrt(ia)/(phi*2)),2.0/3.0)\n",
-      "eb2=v/2-i*ra\n",
-      "phi2=1.7*0.01*math.pow(i,0.5)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*phi*n/(eb*phi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor will run=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor will run= 372.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 224
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.32, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def f(ia,t):\n",
-      "    n=(v*ia-ia**2*ra)*60/(2*3.14*t)\n",
-      "    return(n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "n1=f(20.0,128.8)\n",
-      "n2=f(30.0,230.5)\n",
-      "n3=f(40.0,349.8)\n",
-      "n4=f(50.0,469.2)\n",
-      "T=[128.8,230.5,349.8,469.2]\n",
-      "N=[n1,n2,n3,n4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(T,N)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Torque(NM.m)\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Speed(rpm)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,500))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,800))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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bJA3a2e9iVslBYf1eRDwdEUdHxNHAxcD30/tjImJLV/tJqvb//z8A3B3ZDLeQ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\nRK5CYII=\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dc6a50>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.33, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=5.968#kW\n",
-      "n=700#rpm\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "n2=600#rpm\n",
-      "ra=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "loss=450#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fp(i,v):\n",
-      "    p=5.968*((n2*(v1-i*ra)/(v*n))**2)\n",
-      "    return(p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fm(i,v):\n",
-      "    m=((v1-i*ra)*i-loss)/1000\n",
-      "    return(m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=fp(7.0,347.0)\n",
-      "p2=fp(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "p3=fp(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "p4=fp(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "m1=fm(7.0,347.8)\n",
-      "m2=fm(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "m3=fm(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "m4=fm(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "I=[7,10.5,14,27.5]\n",
-      "P=[p1,p2,p3,p4]\n",
-      "M=[m1,m2,m3,m4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,P)\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,M)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Current\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Power(kW)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,30))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,12))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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TpkHnzjBqFHToEHY1qWfjto3cPfVunpr1FDe2uZF+x/WjcoXKYZclaSLeYwBVgSuAfsAh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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dfd050>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.34, Page Number:1022"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "ia=3.5#A\n",
-      "ib=4.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "loss=v*i\n",
-      "#B unexcited\n",
-      "loss1=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "#B excited\n",
-      "loss2=v*(ib-i)\n",
-      "loss=loss2-loss1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"iron losses of B=\",loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "iron losses of B= 500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.35, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=5.0#A\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "i2=52.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=round(eb2*n/eb1,0)\n",
-      "input_nl=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss_l=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_l\n",
-      "input_l=v*i2\n",
-      "output=input_l-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.36, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.37, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.22#A\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia0=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia0*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "per=(eb-eb0)*100/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",round(per,2),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 90.8 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= -4.19 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 244
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.38, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ebh=v-ia1*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(ebh*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "ta1=9.55*eb1*ia1/n\n",
-      "ta2=9.55*eb2*ia2/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in first case=\",ta1,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in second case=\",ta2,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1010.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque in first case= 57.11664 N-m\n",
-        "torque in second case= 110.3912768 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 247
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.39, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "eb1=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb2=v-(i-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(i-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.44 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 254
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.40, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=120*8\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "loss=810#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_shunt=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_loss_shunt\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque= 70.288 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 60.2946209124 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.1936 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 256
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.41, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1150#rpm\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "z=620\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=74.8#A\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i2\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eb*a*60/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "power=eb*ia\n",
-      "loss_rot=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "per=total_loss*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi*1000,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",loss_rot,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"total losses expressed as a percentage of power=\",per,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 9.07321178121 mWb\n",
-        "torque developed= 128.575818783 N-m\n",
-        "rotational losses= 562.952 W\n",
-        "total losses expressed as a percentage of power= 13.2759823297 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 263
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.42, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ra*ia**2\n",
-      "loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output*1000+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i2=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "input_m1=v*i2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100000/input_m1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((input_m-cu_loss_a)/ra)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "output_a=input_a-(cu_loss+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"output power at which efficiency is maximum=\",output_a/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 79.5621535016683 %\n",
-        "output power at which efficiency is maximum= 10.2179357944 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 271
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.43, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n2_by_n1=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "ia2_by_ia1=phi1_by_phi2=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "v2_by_v1=n2_by_n1*phi1_by_phi2\n",
-      "reduction_v=(1-v2_by_v1)*100\n",
-      "reduction_i=(1-ia2_by_ia1)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage=\",reduction_v,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage fall in the motor current=\",reduction_i,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage= 75.0 %\n",
-        "percentage fall in the motor current= 50.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 272
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.44, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "loss=900#W\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f+loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output/1000,\"Kw\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency==\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "useful torque= 206.28 N-m\n",
-        "output= 7.938 Kw\n",
-        "efficiency== 79.38 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.45, Page Number:1027"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "i=4#A\n",
-      "n=660#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "rf=270#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_a=loss=v*ia\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia1[0]*ra)\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((cu_loss+input_a)/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the current input=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current at which efficiency is maximum=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the current input= 90.2860908863713 A\n",
-        "speed= 623.0 rpm\n",
-        "armature current at which efficiency is maximum= 78.3156008298 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 280
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_6BpYQtS.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_6BpYQtS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6653720b..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_6BpYQtS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2354 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:102ba4bcb83ebd9f77c7c3f970c6e3d48b2bd31161c690d1b5c67b800706b1d0"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 29: D.C. Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.1, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#as generator \n",
-      "eg=v+i*r\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "eb=v-i*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"as generator:eg=\",eg,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"as motor:eb=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "as generator:eg= 230.0 V\n",
-        "as motor:eb= 210.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.2, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=Symbol('ia')\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "brush_drop=2#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n2=700#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=v/i\n",
-      "eg1=v+i*r+brush_drop\n",
-      "eg2=eg1*n2/n\n",
-      "ia=solve(eg2-2-ia*r-2.5*ia,ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to the load=\",ia[0],\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to the load= 69.7692307692308 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.3, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200#ohm\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "im=output*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=im-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "back emf= 425.642780749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.4, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#as generator\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "As generator: power= 26.12424 kW\n",
-        "As generator: power= 23.92376 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.5, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=32\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "ra=2.0#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=i+v/rf\n",
-      "eg=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eg*a*60/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "ia=i2-v/rf\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi,\"wb\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the machine=\",math.ceil(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 0.42375 wb\n",
-        "speed of the machine= 850.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.6, Page Number:1002"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=110#A\n",
-      "v=480#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "z=864\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 636.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 755.568 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.7, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=782\n",
-      "ra=rf=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 705.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 248.676 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.8, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=eb*ia\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"machanical power=\",pm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 79.5833333333 N-m\n",
-        "machanical power= 12500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.9, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=800\n",
-      "load=8.2#kW\n",
-      "ia=45#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "a=p/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=load*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 286.2 N-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 270.618131415 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.10, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=2*i\n",
-      "fb1=v-(i*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia2*ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/fb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when torque is doubled=\",n2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when torque is doubled= 476.19047619 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.11, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "ra=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2#v\n",
-      "i=1.8#A\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/v\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "il=ratio*il\n",
-      "ia=il-i\n",
-      "r=solve(ia*(r+ra)+vd-v,r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load shaft torque\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"total resistance=\",r[0],\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load line current= 124.333333333 A\n",
-        "full-load shaft torque 356.215 N-m\n",
-        "total resistance= 3.82420021762787 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.12, Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "output=5.595#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "phi=30*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",tsh*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 804.481481481 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed= 66.4182473183 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(a), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=20.0#kW\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "phi=0.04#Wb\n",
-      "z=160\n",
-      "il=95.0#A\n",
-      "inl=9.0#A\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ea0=v-(inl-i)*ra\n",
-      "n0=ea0*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "#load\n",
-      "ea=v-(il-i)*ra\n",
-      "n=ea*n0/ea0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load speed=\",n0,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"load speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load speed= 1030.5 rpm\n",
-        "load speed= 1014.375 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(b), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "i=400#A\n",
-      "n=350#rpm\n",
-      "phi=80*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "z=600*2\n",
-      "loss=0.03#percentage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=phi*z*n*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "pa=e*i\n",
-      "t=pa/(2*3.14*n/60)\n",
-      "t_net=0.97*t\n",
-      "bhp=t_net*36.67*0.001/0.746\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"brake-horse-power\",bhp,\"HP\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "brake-horse-power 291.551578696 HP\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(c), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=774\n",
-      "phi=24*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "t=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 295.3584 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(d), Page Number:1005"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ih=v/rf\n",
-      "pi=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=cu_loss=v*ih\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(il+ih)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_a+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 87.8312542029 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(e), Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delcration\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "loss=0.5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+loss*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output of the motor=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output of the motor= 7.82 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.14, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=400.0#N\n",
-      "d=10.0#cm\n",
-      "n=840#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1800#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=.80\n",
-      "d2=24.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "tsh=f*d*0.01/2\n",
-      "output=tsh*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "input_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "d1=n*d2/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the motor=\",round(i),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"size of motor pulley=\",d1,\"cm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the motor= 10.0 A\n",
-        "size of motor pulley= 11.2 cm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.15, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=280\n",
-      "ia=45.0#A\n",
-      "phi=18*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5+0.3#ohm\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "d=0.41\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*60*a/(phi*z*p*4)\n",
-      "inpt=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "f=tsh*2/d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pull at the rim of the pulley=\",f,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pull at the rim of the pulley= 628.016180845 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.16, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "output=11.19#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "i=1#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1#V\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output*1000/n\n",
-      "phi=eb*60*a*1000/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=ia*2\n",
-      "power=input_a-(cu_loss+brush_loss)\n",
-      "rotational_loss=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*(ia+i)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"total torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux/pole=\",phi,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",rotational_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "total torque= 112.2125 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 106.8645 N-m\n",
-        "flux/pole= 13.0555555556 mWb\n",
-        "rotational losses= 460.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.4215686275 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 106
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.17, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=30.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2_by_t1=i2**2/i**2\n",
-      "change=(1-t2_by_t1)*100#percentage\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in torque=\",change,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 679.127725857 rpm\n",
-        "percentage change in torque= 43.75 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.18, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "output=55.95#kW\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "I=252.8#kg-m2\n",
-      "ia1=1.4\n",
-      "ia2=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ia1+ia2)/2\n",
-      "n=n/60.0\n",
-      "tsh=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque_avg=(ia-1)*tsh\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque_avg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"approximate time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "approximate time to attain full speed= 46.4050282991 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.19, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "I=7.5#kg-m2\n",
-      "ratio=1.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=n/60\n",
-      "t=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque=(ratio-1)*t\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "time to attain full speed= 4.4055406613 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 138
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.20, Page Number:1009"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=944\n",
-      "phi=34.6*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ta=209.0#N-m\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=3.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=ta/(0.159*phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "ea=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=ea/(phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n*60,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 20.1219966813 A\n",
-        "speed= 403.798260345 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.21, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#v\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-ish)*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-(i2-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when loaded=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when loaded= 966.21078037 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.22, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=100#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=25#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.45\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor runs=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor runs= 1940.37940379 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.23, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115.0#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=2.5#A\n",
-      "n2=1120#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra*ia\n",
-      "x=n2*eb1/n1\n",
-      "ia2=solve((v-ra*ia2)-x,ia2)\n",
-      "ia=ia2[0]+(v/rf)\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",round(ia,1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(input_m,1),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 35.0 A\n",
-        "power input= 8050.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.24, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=100.0#kW\n",
-      "n1=300#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=10.0#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rf=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=power*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra+2*vd\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n1/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 278.796797778 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.25, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by whih armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia2=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n0=n*eb0/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n0/(eb0*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of machine=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of machine= 960.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.26, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ooutput=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb_inst=eb1*(1-ratio)\n",
-      "ia_inst=(v-eb_inst)/ra\n",
-      "t_inst=9.55*eb_inst*ia_inst/n\n",
-      "ia2=i/(1-ratio)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 93.75 A\n",
-        "speed= 1224.66216216 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 191
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.27, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#A\n",
-      "v2=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "input_m=8.0#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "il=input_m*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=il-ish\n",
-      "ra=v2/i2\n",
-      "eb0=v-ish*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss=ish**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=inpt-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_arm=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_arm\n",
-      "output=input_m*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_m*1000)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed on load=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "speed on load= 623.943661972 rpm\n",
-        "torque= 103.0636 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 197
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.28, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=11#kW\n",
-      "inl=5#A\n",
-      "n_nl=1150#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=v*inl\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=inl-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss_a+constant_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(load*1000)\n",
-      "eb_nl=v-(ia0*ra)\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=n_nl*eb/eb_nl\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque developed= 87.096 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.5361818182 %\n",
-        "the speed= 1031.57894737 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.29, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vb=3#V\n",
-      "rf=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ia=80.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when current is 100 A=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when current is 100 A= 473.949579832 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.30, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia1=i*math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*ia1)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor will run when developing half the torque=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when motor will run when developing half the torque= 1147.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.31, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25#A\n",
-      "v=450#V\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "phi=1.7*0.01*math.pow(ia,0.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=n*phi*z*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "iara=v-eb\n",
-      "ra=iara/ia\n",
-      "i=math.pow((phi*ia*math.sqrt(ia)/(phi*2)),2.0/3.0)\n",
-      "eb2=v/2-i*ra\n",
-      "phi2=1.7*0.01*math.pow(i,0.5)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*phi*n/(eb*phi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor will run=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor will run= 372.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 224
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.32, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def f(ia,t):\n",
-      "    n=(v*ia-ia**2*ra)*60/(2*3.14*t)\n",
-      "    return(n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "n1=f(20.0,128.8)\n",
-      "n2=f(30.0,230.5)\n",
-      "n3=f(40.0,349.8)\n",
-      "n4=f(50.0,469.2)\n",
-      "T=[128.8,230.5,349.8,469.2]\n",
-      "N=[n1,n2,n3,n4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(T,N)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Torque(NM.m)\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Speed(rpm)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,500))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,800))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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bJA3a2e9iVslBYf1eRDwdEUdHxNHAxcD30/tjImJLV/tJqvb//z8A3B3ZDLeQ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\nRK5CYII=\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dc6a50>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.33, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=5.968#kW\n",
-      "n=700#rpm\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "n2=600#rpm\n",
-      "ra=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "loss=450#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fp(i,v):\n",
-      "    p=5.968*((n2*(v1-i*ra)/(v*n))**2)\n",
-      "    return(p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fm(i,v):\n",
-      "    m=((v1-i*ra)*i-loss)/1000\n",
-      "    return(m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=fp(7.0,347.0)\n",
-      "p2=fp(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "p3=fp(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "p4=fp(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "m1=fm(7.0,347.8)\n",
-      "m2=fm(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "m3=fm(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "m4=fm(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "I=[7,10.5,14,27.5]\n",
-      "P=[p1,p2,p3,p4]\n",
-      "M=[m1,m2,m3,m4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,P)\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,M)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Current\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Power(kW)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,30))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,12))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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TpkHnzjBqFHToEHY1qWfjto3cPfVunpr1FDe2uZF+x/WjcoXKYZclaSLeYwBVgSuAfsAh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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dfd050>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.34, Page Number:1022"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "ia=3.5#A\n",
-      "ib=4.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "loss=v*i\n",
-      "#B unexcited\n",
-      "loss1=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "#B excited\n",
-      "loss2=v*(ib-i)\n",
-      "loss=loss2-loss1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"iron losses of B=\",loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "iron losses of B= 500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.35, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=5.0#A\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "i2=52.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=round(eb2*n/eb1,0)\n",
-      "input_nl=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss_l=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_l\n",
-      "input_l=v*i2\n",
-      "output=input_l-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.36, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.37, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.22#A\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia0=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia0*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "per=(eb-eb0)*100/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",round(per,2),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 90.8 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= -4.19 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 244
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.38, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ebh=v-ia1*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(ebh*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "ta1=9.55*eb1*ia1/n\n",
-      "ta2=9.55*eb2*ia2/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in first case=\",ta1,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in second case=\",ta2,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1010.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque in first case= 57.11664 N-m\n",
-        "torque in second case= 110.3912768 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 247
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.39, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "eb1=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb2=v-(i-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(i-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.44 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 254
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.40, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=120*8\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "loss=810#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_shunt=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_loss_shunt\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque= 70.288 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 60.2946209124 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.1936 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 256
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.41, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1150#rpm\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "z=620\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=74.8#A\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i2\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eb*a*60/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "power=eb*ia\n",
-      "loss_rot=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "per=total_loss*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi*1000,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",loss_rot,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"total losses expressed as a percentage of power=\",per,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 9.07321178121 mWb\n",
-        "torque developed= 128.575818783 N-m\n",
-        "rotational losses= 562.952 W\n",
-        "total losses expressed as a percentage of power= 13.2759823297 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 263
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.42, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ra*ia**2\n",
-      "loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output*1000+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i2=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "input_m1=v*i2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100000/input_m1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((input_m-cu_loss_a)/ra)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "output_a=input_a-(cu_loss+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"output power at which efficiency is maximum=\",output_a/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 79.5621535016683 %\n",
-        "output power at which efficiency is maximum= 10.2179357944 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 271
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.43, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n2_by_n1=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "ia2_by_ia1=phi1_by_phi2=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "v2_by_v1=n2_by_n1*phi1_by_phi2\n",
-      "reduction_v=(1-v2_by_v1)*100\n",
-      "reduction_i=(1-ia2_by_ia1)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage=\",reduction_v,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage fall in the motor current=\",reduction_i,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage= 75.0 %\n",
-        "percentage fall in the motor current= 50.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 272
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.44, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "loss=900#W\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f+loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output/1000,\"Kw\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency==\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "useful torque= 206.28 N-m\n",
-        "output= 7.938 Kw\n",
-        "efficiency== 79.38 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.45, Page Number:1027"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "i=4#A\n",
-      "n=660#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "rf=270#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_a=loss=v*ia\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia1[0]*ra)\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((cu_loss+input_a)/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the current input=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current at which efficiency is maximum=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the current input= 90.2860908863713 A\n",
-        "speed= 623.0 rpm\n",
-        "armature current at which efficiency is maximum= 78.3156008298 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 280
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_6yxgHRk.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_6yxgHRk.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d43ac823..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_6yxgHRk.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3109 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6eddcd87c5c220a184bc6a72a3af06c45a444c1fd08c6f0e5d7d854e3ce98ba8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 34:Induction Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.1, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=290.0#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "Ns=300.0#rpm(considered)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=120*f/Ns\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no. of poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no. of poles= 20.0\n",
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.2, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "slot=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=2*n\n",
-      "slots_total=slot*P*n\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/P\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"No. of stator poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"Total number of slots=\",slots_total\n",
-      "print \"Speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " No. of stator poles= 6\n",
-        "Total number of slots= 54\n",
-        "Speed= 1000 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.3, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "slip1=0.04\n",
-      "slip2=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip1)\n",
-      "f1=slip2*f*60\n",
-      "#at standstill s=1\n",
-      "f2=1*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04=\",N\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",f1,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency of the rotor current at standstill=\",f2,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating= 1500 rpm\n",
-        "speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04= 1440.0\n",
-        "frequency of rotor current= 90.0 rpm\n",
-        "frequency of the rotor current at standstill= 50 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.4, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=0.04\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip)\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "f1=s*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the synchronous speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor speed=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm=\",f1,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the synchronous speed= 1500.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm= 30.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.5, Page Number:1256"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "N=500#rpm\n",
-      "p2=8\n",
-      "slip=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*N/120\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p2\n",
-      "N=Ns-slip*Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load speed of the motor=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load speed of the motor= 727.5 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.6, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e=80#V\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=4#ohm\n",
-      "rheo=3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E=e/(3)**0.5\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=E/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "R=rheo+r\n",
-      "z2=(R**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=E/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "pf2=R/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are short circuited:\"\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm\",\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip rings are short circuited:\n",
-        "current/phase 11.2022406722 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.242535625036\n",
-        "slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm current/phase 8.16496580928 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.707106781187\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.7, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=6.5\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=v*k/(3**0.5)\n",
-      "R=x-r\n",
-      "r2=x\n",
-      "z=(x**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=e2/z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "starting current= 100.491886883 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.8, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=1100#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ratio=3.8\n",
-      "r=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=v/ratio\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=e/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "i2=100*ratio\n",
-      "z2=e/i2\n",
-      "r2=(z2**2-x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "R=r2-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current with slip rings shorted=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf with slip rings shorted=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",i2\n",
-      "print \"pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current with slip rings shorted= 1156.56314266 A\n",
-        "pf with slip rings shorted= 0.0479447993684\n",
-        "current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted= 380.0\n",
-        "pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted= 0.768221279597\n",
-        "external resistance= 0.70758173952 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.9, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "v=3000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "ratio=3.6\n",
-      "r=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "l=3.61*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "x2=2*3.14*l*f\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "r2_=0.1/k**2\n",
-      "x2_=ratio**2*x2\n",
-      "is1=v/((r**2+x2_**2)**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "ts=(3*3/(2*3.14*f))*((v**2)*r2_)/(r2_**2+x2_**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",is1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ts=\",ts,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 117.896733436 A\n",
-        "ts= 512.375725888 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.10, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "zr=complex(6,2)\n",
-      "v=80#V\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=e2/abs(zr+zs)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*zs.imag\n",
-      "ir=er/abs(complex(zs.real,xr))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor current at standstill=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor current at standstill= 5.26498126493 A\n",
-        "rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited= 3.31800758166 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.11, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "e=120#V\n",
-      "r2=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=e/3**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(r2**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=er/zr\n",
-      "s=r2/x2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(xr**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor when running short-circuited=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"current when torque is maximum=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor when running short-circuited= 9.05821627316 A\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "current when torque is maximum= 32.6598632371 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.12, Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tb=150.0#kg-m\n",
-      "n=660.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "t=tb*(2/((sb/s)+s/sb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"kg-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 90.0 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(a), Page Number:1266"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variablde declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "vd=0.90\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio_s=(1/vd)**2\n",
-      "ratio_i=ratio_s*vd\n",
-      "cu_loss_increase=ratio_i**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in motor copper losses=\",cu_loss_increase"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in motor copper losses= 1.23456790123\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(b), Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p1=15.0#kW\n",
-      "n=980.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.93\n",
-      "vd=0.10\n",
-      "fd=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=(1-vd)*v\n",
-      "f2=(1-fd)*f\n",
-      "n1=120*f/p\n",
-      "n2=120*f2/p\n",
-      "s1=(n1-n)/n1\n",
-      "ratio_f=s1*(v*(1-vd)/v)**2*f2/f\n",
-      "n2=n2*(1-ratio_f)\n",
-      "p2=p1*n2/n1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the new operating speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the new output power=\",p2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the new operating speed= 935.3795 rpm\n",
-        "the new output power= 14.0306925 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(a), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "v2=200#V\n",
-      "r=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 0.24 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(b), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "r=0.001#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n2=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "ratio=2*s**2*a/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of the maximum to full-load torque=\",ratio*1000,\"10^-3\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of the maximum to full-load torque= 3.9603960396 10^-3\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(c), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "v=600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=495#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.01\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n=Ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of max torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of max torque= 470.0 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of torques= 0.324324324324\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.15, Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=746.0#kW\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=16\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.02,0.15)\n",
-      "n=360.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "a=zr.real/zr.imag\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "N=ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "R=zr.imag-zr.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 0.550458715596\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 325.0 rpm\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.13 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.16, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "a=solve(ratio-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "r=a[0]*x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1187.5 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.0291699475574164 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.17, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "t_ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-a)*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",1/t_ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 1.45\n",
-        "speed= 675.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.18, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "a2=Symbol('a2')\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "t_ratio=2.5\n",
-      "t_ratio2=1.5\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t_ratio3=t_ratio2/t_ratio\n",
-      "a=solve(t_ratio3-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "a2=solve(a2**2-0.15*a2+0.0009,a2)\n",
-      "r_red=(a[0]-a2[1])/a[0]\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance=\",r_red*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance= 56.8784093726987 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.19, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "n=650.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "r=a*x2-r\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"extra resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "extra resistance= 0.52 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.20, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R=Symbol('R')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "t=162.8#N-m\n",
-      "n=1365.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "R=solve(1.0/(4*x2)-((r+R)/((r+R)**2+x2**2)),R)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",round(R[0],1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 0.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.21, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "t_ratios=1.60\n",
-      "t_ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcualtion\n",
-      "t_ratio=t_ratios/t_ratiom\n",
-      "#0.8a2-2*a+0.8 a=0.04\n",
-      "#0.5=2*a*sf/a2+sf2 sf=0.01\n",
-      "a=0.04\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-sf*ns\n",
-      "N=ns-a*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load speed= 1485.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1440.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.22, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.85#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*(v/3**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tf=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 52.4097855621 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 99.9125764956 N-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 858.823529412 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.23, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=100#rpm considered\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "n2=n/2\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "ratio=((s2/s)*(r**2+(s*x)**2)/(r**2+(s2*x)**2))**0.5\n",
-      "per=1-1/ratio\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(s2*x/r)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 22.8528060715 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.307902262948\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.26, Page Number:1272"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "t=100#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-n\n",
-      "n2=n+ns/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator supply voltage=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator supply voltage= 220 V\n",
-        "new speed= 1050 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.24, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delclaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=1140.0#rpm\n",
-      "e=440.0#V\n",
-      "e2=550.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "s2=s1*(e/e2)**2\n",
-      "n2=ns*(1-s2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1053.6 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.25, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=450.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=873.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=23.0#degrees\n",
-      "n2=864.0#rpm\n",
-      "alpha=1.0/234.0#per degrees centrigrade\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s1=(900-n)/900\n",
-      "s2=(900-n2)/900\n",
-      "ratio=s2/s1-1\n",
-      "t2=(s2/s1-1)/alpha+23  \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in rotor resistance=\",ratio*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"approx temperature=\",t2,\"degrees centigrade\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in rotor resistance= 33.3333333333 %\n",
-        "approx temperature= 101.0 degrees centigrade\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.27, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=500.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "load=80.0#kW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/60.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=alt/(60.0*f)\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=(1.0/3.0)*load*1000/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*1000,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/10000,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 996.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.888888888889 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.28, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "n=1425.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "ratio=0.8\n",
-      "loss=500.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=75/ns\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "tf=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "ir=s*ratio*e1/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ir**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=2*3.4*(n/60)*tf\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "s=z.real/z.imag\n",
-      "tmax=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "nmax=ns-s*ns\n",
-      "i=ratio*e1/abs(z)\n",
-      "tst=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real)/(z.real**2+(z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" full load torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"cu_loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"max torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",nmax,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " full load torque= 78.9197452229 N-m\n",
-        "rotor current= 22.7215022978 A\n",
-        "cu_loss= 619.52 W\n",
-        "power output= 12245.5388535 W\n",
-        "max torque= 98.6496815287 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1350.0 rpm\n",
-        "starting current= 50.5546790867 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 19.5345904017 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.29, Page Number:1285"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "P=23#kW\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e=0.92\n",
-      "n=1440#r.p.m\n",
-      "loss=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=P/e\n",
-      "total_loss=motor_input-P\n",
-      "friction_loss=total_loss/p\n",
-      "Pm=P+friction_loss\n",
-      "Psw=Pm*1500/n\n",
-      "ws=2*3.14*1500/60\n",
-      "Tsw=Psw*1000/ws\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous torque=\",round(Tsw),\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous torque= 156.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.30, Page Number:1286"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60#kW\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=load-loss\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "rotor_loss=cu_loss*1000/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",rotor_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power developed= 57.23 kW\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 590.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.31, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=20#KW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "i=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "fr=s*f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*load*1000\n",
-      "r2=cu_loss/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",fr,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of rotor current= 1.5 Hz\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 600.0 W\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.0555555555556 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.32, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=3.73#KW\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "loss=280#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "input_r=load*1000*ns/n\n",
-      "input_s=input_r+loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator input=\",input_s,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator input= 4165.41666667 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.33, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=75.0#KW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "f1=alt/60\n",
-      "s=f1/f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss_r_per_phase=s*p2/3\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss per phase=\",cu_loss_r_per_phase,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechancal power=\",pm,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 966.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss per phase= 0.833333333333 kW\n",
-        "mechancal power= 72.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.34, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "n=975.0#rpm\n",
-      "p1=40.0#KW\n",
-      "loss_s=1.0#kW\n",
-      "loss=2.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "p2=p1-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft power=\",pout,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 2.5 %\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.975 kW\n",
-        "shaft power= 36.025 kW\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.35, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=100#KW\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.018\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "cu_loss=2440#W\n",
-      "iron_loss=3500#W\n",
-      "rotational_loss=1200#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output+rotational_loss/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=(s/(1-s))*pm\n",
-      "p2=pm+cu_loss_r\n",
-      "input_s=p2+cu_loss/1000+iron_loss/1000\n",
-      "il=input_s*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.85132382892 kW\n",
-        "line current= 22.1989272175 A\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.7202341611 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.36, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=100.0#W\n",
-      "c=120.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=c/(f*60)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2/3\n",
-      "n2=ns-n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of stator field with respect to rotor=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "mechanical power= 96.0 kW\n",
-        "copper loss= 1.33333333333 kW\n",
-        "speed of stator field with respect to rotor= 40.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.37, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.9\n",
-      "output=37#kW\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "x=total_loss/(3+0.5)\n",
-      "input_r=output*1000+x/2+x\n",
-      "s=x/input_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.0303030303 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.38, Page Number:1289"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=45#KW\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "iron_loss=1200#kW\n",
-      "loss=900#kW\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*i)\n",
-      "r=r*3/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*(i/3**0.5)**2*r\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=s*42788\n",
-      "pm=42788-cu_loss_r\n",
-      "output_s=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output_s/(load*1000)\n",
-      "t=(output_s*60)/(2*3.14*970)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"p out=\",output_s,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf= 0.866025403784\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 1283.64 W\n",
-        "p out= 40604.36 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.2319111111 %\n",
-        "torque= 399.937881673 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(a), Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.75\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "pcr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=pcr*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sm)\n",
-      "e3=sm*e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load torque=\",tg/9.81,\"kg-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor emf at max torque=\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load torque= 4.26478644041 kg-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n",
-        "rotor emf at max torque= 8.06457518868 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(b), Page Number:1290"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.86\n",
-      "loss=0.05\n",
-      "cu_r=0.04\n",
-      "m_loss=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=3**0.5*v*i*pf\n",
-      "loss_s=loss*input_m\n",
-      "input_r=input_m-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_lossr=cu_r*input_r\n",
-      "mec_loss=m_loss*input_r\n",
-      "output_shaft=input_r-cu_lossr-mec_loss\n",
-      "s=cu_lossr/input_r\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "wr=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "output_r=input_r-cu_lossr\n",
-      "tr=output_r/wr\n",
-      "tin=output_shaft/wr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed in the rotor=\",tr,\"Nw-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tin,\"Nw-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed in the rotor= 36.0531340072 Nw-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 34.9264735695 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 91
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.40, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "p=40.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.5\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(x*sm)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "input_r=cu_loss/sm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross output at 5% slip=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",input_r,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross output at 5% slip= 6242.77652849 W\n",
-        "maximum torque= 8780.04535147 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.41, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=0.025\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pw=loss*pout*1000\n",
-      "pm=pout*1000+pw\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*pm/(1-s)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout*1000/n\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"gross electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor cu loss= 796.510416667 W\n",
-        "rotor input= 19912.7604167 W\n",
-        "shaft torque= 123.685763889 N-m\n",
-        "gross electromagnetic torque= 126.777907986 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.42, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=710#rpm\n",
-      "load=35#kW\n",
-      "loss=1200#W\n",
-      "loss_r=600#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "p2=load*1000-loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss_r\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power output=\",pout,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.80266666667 kW\n",
-        "gross torque= 430.386666667 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power= 31997.3333333 W\n",
-        "net torque= 422.316244131 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power output= 31397.3333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.43, Page Number:1292"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tsh=149.3#N-m\n",
-      "loss=200#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=1620#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=tsh*2*3.14*(n/60)\n",
-      "output=pout+loss\n",
-      "p2=output*ns/n\n",
-      "cu_lossr=p2-output\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",pout/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"the efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 15.001664 kW\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 633.402666667 W\n",
-        "the efficiency= 85.9444669361 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.44, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "i2=35#A\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pm=pout+loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_lossr=pm*s*1000/(1-s)\n",
-      "r2=cu_lossr/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistane per phase=\",r2,\"ohm/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistane per phase= 0.222789115646 ohm/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.45, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sf=Symbol('sf')\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1/ratio\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*25))*(e2**2/(2*x))\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "sf=solve(0.5*(a**2+sf**2)-2*a*sf,sf)\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sf[0])\n",
-      "tf=tmax/2\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tf/60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"full load slip=\",sf[0]\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 318.47133758 N-m\n",
-        "full load slip= 0.0267949192431123\n",
-        "power output= 24330.1270189222 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.46, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "k=0.67\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1*k\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(sm*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_lossr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_lossr*(1-sm)/sm\n",
-      "n=(1-sm)*ns\n",
-      "tmax=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 40.4815391879 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 63.511037037 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.47, Page Number:1293"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e2=110#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at start=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at s=4%\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"full load torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf of motor at start= 0.164398987305\n",
-        "pf of motor at s=4% 0.972387301981\n",
-        "full load torque= 582.728189612 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.48, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "tsh=162.84#N-m\n",
-      "c=90.0\n",
-      "t=20.36#N-m\n",
-      "loss=830.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "fr=c/60\n",
-      "s=fr/f\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tsh/60\n",
-      "tg=tsh+t\n",
-      "p2=tg*ns/9.55\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"motor input\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 16532.6024 W\n",
-        "cu loss= 575.497382199 W\n",
-        "motor input 19758.7434555 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 83.6723369441 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.49, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=420.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.25,0.75)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.173,0.52)\n",
-      "v1=420.0#V\n",
-      "v2=350.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=zr.real+k**2*z.real\n",
-      "x02=zr.imag+k**2*z.imag\n",
-      "z02=((r+r02)**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v2/(3**0.5*z02)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*(r+zr.real)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss*3\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tst=9.55*p2/(ns*9.81)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"kg-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 48.2909354778 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.50, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "load=37.3#ohm\n",
-      "v=280#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.25\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "k=1.0/3\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wsc=2*v*i*pf\n",
-      "power_phase=v*i*pf\n",
-      "R=power_phase/i**2\n",
-      "r2_=R-r\n",
-      "r2=k**2*r2_\n",
-      "p2=3*i**2*r2_\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "t=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance perphaseof therotor winding=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"startingtorque=\",t,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance perphaseof therotor winding= 0.0222222222222 ohm\n",
-        "startingtorque= 305.6 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.51, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratios=1.6\n",
-      "ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "sb=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=(ratios/sf)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip at full load=\",sf\n",
-      "print \"slip at maximum torque=\",sb\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",i"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip at full load= 0.01\n",
-        "slip at maximum torque= 0.04\n",
-        "rotor current= 12.6491106407\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.52, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200#km/h\n",
-      "f=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "w=v*5.0/18/(2*f)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pole pitch=\",w*1000,\"mm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pole pitch= 277.777777778 mm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.53, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "w=6#mm\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p=6#kW\n",
-      "loss=1.2#kW\n",
-      "v=2.4#m/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vs=2*f*w/100\n",
-      "s=(vs-v)/vs\n",
-      "p2=p-loss\n",
-      "pcr=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-pcr\n",
-      "f=p2*1000/vs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous speed=\",vs,\"m/s\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",pcr,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"thrust=\",f/1000,\"kN\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous speed= 3 m/s\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "cu loss= 0.96 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 3.84 kW\n",
-        "thrust= 1.6 kN\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.54, Page Number:1304"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=0.12\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm/phase\n",
-      "pg=9000.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=r*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "v=(pg*rl/3)**0.5\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load resistance=\",rl,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"load voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"load current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load resistance= 0.586666666667 ohm\n",
-        "load voltage= 41.9523539268 V\n",
-        "load current= 71.5096941934 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 166
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.55, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r1=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "xm=complex(0,28.5)#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl_=r2_*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "i2_=(v/3**0.5)/complex(r1+rl_,x1)\n",
-      "i0=(v/3**0.5)/xm\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator current= (74.5730253701-19.1783634605j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.968485280755\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 177
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.56, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "power=3.73#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "b0=-1.0/30\n",
-      "loss=50#W\n",
-      "lossr=150#W\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zab=complex(30*complex(r2_/s,x2_))/complex(r2_/s,x2_-1/b0)\n",
-      "z01=complex(r1,x1)+zab\n",
-      "vph=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i1=v1/z01\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i1.real**2*zab.real\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "power_o=pm-lossr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=power_o/(power_o+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"input current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"air gap power=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"electro magnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",power_o,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "input current= (21.9914486234+42.6194245913j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.45854949826\n",
-        "air gap power= 5173.46132109 W\n",
-        "mechanical power= 4966.52286825 W\n",
-        "electro magnetic torque= 32.9377037443 N-m\n",
-        "output power= 4816.52286825 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.9644851937 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 184
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.57, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.44#ohm\n",
-      "loss=1250#W\n",
-      "lossr=1000#W\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "pf=0.09\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2_=v1/complex(r1+r2_/s,x1+x2_)\n",
-      "i1=i2_+complex(1.78,19.9)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i2_.real**2*r2_/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tg=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "pm=p2*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=pm-1000\n",
-      "cu_losss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_losss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/(pout+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= (50.2750367599+11.9125821807j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.973057118792\n",
-        "electromagnetic torque= 224.593900377 N-m\n",
-        "output= 33218.2329894 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 89.0932246577 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 186
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.58, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.06,0.2)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.06,0.22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r01=z.real+zr.real\n",
-      "x01=z.imag+zr.imag\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "s=z.real/(z.real+z01)\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "pmax=3*v1**2/(2*(r01+z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum gross power=\",pmax,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum gross power= 143676.459572 W\n",
-        "slip= 0.120771344025\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 188
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.59, Page Number:1307"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=115#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "z=complex(0.07,0.3)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.08,0.3)\n",
-      "gd=0.022#mho\n",
-      "bo=0.158#mho\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "rl_=1/bo*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "z=complex(z.real+zr.real+rl_,0.6)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=complex(16,-2.36)\n",
-      "io=v*complex(gd,-bo)\n",
-      "i1=io+i2\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "pg=3*abs(i2)**2*rl_/100\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pg/n\n",
-      "p2=3**0.5*v1*abs(i1)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=pg*100/p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pg,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary current= (16-2.36j) A\n",
-        "primary current= (17.460696181-12.8504543912j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.805393212665\n",
-        "power output= 2433.59058228 W\n",
-        "torque= 19.7625765823 N-m\n",
-        "input= 3477.92348593 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 69.9725164204 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.60, Page Number:1308"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,1)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.6,1)\n",
-      "zm=complex(10.0,50.0)\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sm=zr.real/(z.real**2+(z.imag+zr.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v1/((z.real+zr.real)**2+(zr.imag+z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tgmax=3*i2**2*z.real*60.0/(sm*2*3.14*1500)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tgmax,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 277.144160399 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_7oQcI9D.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_7oQcI9D.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7862658a..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_7oQcI9D.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3137 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a9b903871f8bdf2f971bf001fa7cff3dbf47aad5e657d5bfcea016f9756d9ac"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 37: Alternators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.1, Page Number:1412"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s1=36.0\n",
-      "p1=4.0\n",
-      "span1=8.0\n",
-      "s2=72.0\n",
-      "p2=6.0\n",
-      "span2=10.0\n",
-      "s3=96.0\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "span3=12.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha1=2*p1*180/s1\n",
-      "alpha2=3*p2*180/s2\n",
-      "alpha3=5*p3*180/s3\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha1/2))\n",
-      "kc2=math.cos(math.radians(alpha2/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(alpha3/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)kc=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"b)kc=\",kc2\n",
-      "print \"c)kc=\",kc3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)kc= 0.939692620786\n",
-        "b)kc= 0.923879532511\n",
-        "c)kc= 0.881921264348\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.2, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=36.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/n\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"distribution factor=\",kd"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "distribution factor= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.3, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=10.0#V\n",
-      "beta=30.0#degrees\n",
-      "m=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "arith_sum=6*v\n",
-      "vector_sum=kd*arith_sum\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"emf of six coils in series=\",vector_sum,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of six coils in series= 38.6370330516 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.4, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "ratio=2.0/3.0\n",
-      "m1=9\n",
-      "m2=6\n",
-      "m3=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m1*math.radians(beta/2))/(m1*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(m2*math.radians(beta/2))/(m2*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(m3*math.radians(beta/2))/(m3*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i) kd=\",kd1\n",
-      "print \"ii)kd=\",kd2\n",
-      "print \"iii)kd=\",kd3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) kd= 0.639863387016\n",
-        "ii)kd= 0.831206922161\n",
-        "iii)kd= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.5, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slot=18.0\n",
-      "s=16.0\n",
-      "m1=3.0\n",
-      "m2=5.0\n",
-      "m3=7.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "span=(s-1)\n",
-      "alpha=180*3/slot\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(m1*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc5=math.cos(math.radians(m2*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc7=math.cos(math.radians(m3*alpha/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kc1=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"kc3=\",kc3\n",
-      "print \"kc5=\",kc5\n",
-      "print \"kc7=\",kc7"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kc1= 0.965925826289\n",
-        "kc3= 0.707106781187\n",
-        "kc5= 0.258819045103\n",
-        "kc7= -0.258819045103\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.6, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "s=144.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "phi=0.03#Wb\n",
-      "n=375.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "t=s*z/(3*2)\n",
-      "eph=4.44*1*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"phase emf=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 50.0 Hz\n",
-        "phase emf= 1534.464 V\n",
-        "line emf= 2657.76961039 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.7, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "s=54\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "t=8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(beta/2)\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=s*8/3\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "eph=4.44*0.98*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.*eph\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eph=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eph= 1804.529664 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.8, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "slots=144.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "n=375.0\n",
-      "airgap=5*0.01\n",
-      "theta=150.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "alpha=(180-theta)\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=slots/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "s=slots/3\n",
-      "eph=4*kf*kc*kd*f*airgap*s*4/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf per phase=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf per phase= 987.908016392 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.9, Page Number:1417"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "slots=180\n",
-      "s=15\n",
-      "d=1.2#m\n",
-      "l=0.4#m\n",
-      "m=6\n",
-      "beta=180/18\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "area=(1.2*3.14/p)*l\n",
-      "phi1=area*0.637\n",
-      "vr=1.1*2*f*phi1\n",
-      "vp=2**0.5*vr\n",
-      "v3=0.4*vp\n",
-      "v5=0.2*vp\n",
-      "vf=6*vp*0.966\n",
-      "vf3=6*v3*0.707\n",
-      "vf5=6*v5*0.259\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(math.radians(3*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(3*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(math.radians(5*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(5*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "vph=vf*2**0.5*60*kd1\n",
-      "vph3=vf3*2**0.5*60*kd2\n",
-      "vph5=vf5*2**0.5*60*kd3\n",
-      "rmsv=(vph**2+vph3**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "rmsvl=3**0.5*(vph**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)e=\",vp,\"sin theta+\",v3,\"sin 3theta+\",v5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)e=\",vf,\"sin theta+\",vf3,\"sin 3theta+\",vf5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)rms value of phase voltage=\",rmsv,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)e= 14.9354392872 sin theta+ 5.97417571489 sin 3theta+ 2.98708785745 sin 5theta\n",
-        "ii)e= 86.5658061088 sin theta+ 25.3424533826 sin 3theta+ 4.64193453047 sin 5theta\n",
-        "iii)rms value of phase voltage= 7158.83679423 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.10, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=60.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "s=3.0\n",
-      "theta=60.0\n",
-      "phi=0.943#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "m=slot/(p*s)\n",
-      "beta=slot/5\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "alpha=(s/15)*180\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "z=slot*z/s\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "eph=z*kf*kc*kd*f*phi*t/2\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph*0.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage= 13196.4478482 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.11, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=15.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "kd=0.95\n",
-      "e=1825#v\n",
-      "kc=1\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "slots=p*slot\n",
-      "slotsp=slots/3\n",
-      "turnp=20*z/2\n",
-      "phi=e/(3**0.5*p*kc*kf*kd*f*turnp)\n",
-      "z=slots*z\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "eg=(phi*0.001*z*n)/slots\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eg*1000,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 749.405577006 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.12, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=360#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=3.6#A\n",
-      "f2=40#Hz\n",
-      "i2=2.4#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=v*i2*f2/(f*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e2=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e2= 160.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.13, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=2\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "per=20#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=180-theta\n",
-      "slotp=6\n",
-      "m=2\n",
-      "beta=180/slotp\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=10*slot*z\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "e1=4.44*kd1*kd1*f*0.12*t\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(3*math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "f2=f*3\n",
-      "phi3=(1.0/3)*per*0.12\n",
-      "e3=4.44*kd3*kd3*theta*0.008*40\n",
-      "e=(e1**2+e3**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e=\",e,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e= 994.25286629 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.14, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "per2=6.0#%\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#star connection\n",
-      "e5=per*v/100\n",
-      "e=(v**2+e5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eph=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#delta\n",
-      "e3=10*v/100\n",
-      "f3=10*3\n",
-      "i=e3/f3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for star=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for delta=\",e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage for star= 400.358589267 V\n",
-        "line voltage for delta= 23.0 V\n",
-        "current= 0.766666666667 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(a), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10.0\n",
-      "p1=24.0\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "f1=p1*n/120\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "n3=(1-s)*n2\n",
-      "f2=s*f1p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f1,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 60.0 Hz\n",
-        "speed= 1140.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(b), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "slotsp=4\n",
-      "cp=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "slots=slotsp*3*p\n",
-      "c=cp*slots\n",
-      "turns=32\n",
-      "kb=math.sin(math.radians(60/2))/(p*math.sin(math.radians(7.5)))\n",
-      "kp=math.cos(math.radians(15))\n",
-      "eph=4.44*50*0.12*kb*0.966*turns\n",
-      "el=eph*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage 1365.94840977 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.16, Page Number:1426"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.66#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "iradrop=i*r\n",
-      "ixsdrop=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+i*r)**2+(vp*sinphi+i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"linevalue of emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "linevalue of emf= 11475.6408913 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(a), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=440.0#KVA\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "il=200.0#A\n",
-      "vf=1160.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zs=vf/200\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous impedence=\",zs,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous reactance=\",xs,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous impedence= 5.8 ohm\n",
-        "synchronous reactance= 5.77840808528 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(b), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.07#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*x\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e=((v+ira)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lag\n",
-      "e2=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf+ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lead\n",
-      "e3=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf-ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=1\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lag\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lead\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage with pf=1 225.174386048 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lag 234.604995966 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lead 208.03726621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.18(a), Page Number:1429"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "x=3.2#ohm\n",
-      "xl=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "rd=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*xl\n",
-      "ea=((v+rd)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*ea\n",
-      "e0=((v+rd)**2+(i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0l=e0*3**0.5\n",
-      "per=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "xa=x-xl\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"internal emf Ea=\",el,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"no load emf=\",e0l,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"valueof synchronous reactance=\",xa,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "internal emf Ea= 471.842539659 V\n",
-        "no load emf= 592.991130967 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 34.7707115833 %\n",
-        "valueof synchronous reactance= 2.7 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 87
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.19, Page Number:1432"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v/vt\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced voltage= 222.090276316 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.20, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.71\n",
-      "i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(pf2))\n",
-      "zs=v2/i\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e01=((v+r*i)**2+(i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8\n",
-      "e02=((v*pf+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.71\n",
-      "e03=((v*pf2+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi2+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg3=(e03-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation unity pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf=\",reg3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.6\n",
-        "voltage regulation unity pf= 6.88779163216 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -8.875640156 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf= 21.1141910671 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.21, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "i1=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=200.0#A\n",
-      "v2=1040.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "e01=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "e02=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= 2.20611574348 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -1.77945143824 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 112
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.22, Page Number:1434"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1600.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=13500.0#V\n",
-      "r=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=30.0#ohm\n",
-      "load1=1280.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load1*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi1-ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= -11.9909032489 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.23, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "thetadel=math.atan((vp*sinphi+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira))\n",
-      "delta=math.degrees(thetadel)-math.degrees(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",delta,\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 48.0405877623 %\n",
-        "power angle= 18.9704078085 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.24, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6000.0#KVA\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "p=2.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i2=125.0#A\n",
-      "v1=8000.0#V\n",
-      "i3=800.0#A\n",
-      "d=0.03\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v1/(3**0.5*i3)\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "rd=d*vp\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=rd\n",
-      "ra=ira/il\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-ra**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+il*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= 62.2972136768 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.25, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "i=600#A\n",
-      "v2=900#V\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i)\n",
-      "rp=r/2\n",
-      "re=rp*1.5\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-re**2)**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=il*rp\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp+ira)**2+(ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1\",reg1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8\",reg2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=1 7.32796146323 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 23.8398862235 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.26, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "load1=11#KV\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x=5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "vt=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=solve(((pf*v+ira)**2+(sinphi*v-ixs)**2)**0.5-e0,v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v[1],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 6978.31767618569 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.27, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1200#KVA\n",
-      "load1=3.3#KV\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=35#A\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=1.1#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v*1000/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "e=v+ia*zs\n",
-      "change=(e-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"per unit change=\",change"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "per unit change= 0.349909254054\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 151
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.28, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11#kV\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v2=12370#V\n",
-      "vt=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E0=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v2/3**0.5\n",
-      "pf=0\n",
-      "sinphi=1\n",
-      "xs=(v-(E0**2-(i*r)**2)**0.5)/i\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "e0=((E0*pf+ira)**2+(E0*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-E0)*100/E0\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 19.6180576177 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.29, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=3500#v\n",
-      "load=2280#KW\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "r=8#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vl=vt/3**0.5\n",
-      "vp=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1*pf)\n",
-      "drop=vl-vp\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x=vl/(z+drop/il)\n",
-      "vtp=vl-x*drop/il\n",
-      "vtpl=vtp*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",vtpl,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 3420.781893 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.30, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.5#MVA\n",
-      "v=4160#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "zs=4750/(3**0.5*il)\n",
-      "ra=0\n",
-      "ixs=il*zs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(regn,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 91.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.31, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=20#A\n",
-      "i_f=37.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "eo=7600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(i_f**2+i*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "reg=(eo-v)*100/v\n",
-      "i=100*i_f/i_f1\n",
-      "zs=100*100/i\n",
-      "Eo=math.sqrt((100+zs*0.6)**2+(zs*pf)**2)\n",
-      "reg2=(Eo-100)*100/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation:\"\n",
-      "print \"by ampere turn method=\",reg,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"by synchronous impedence method=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation:\n",
-        "by ampere turn method= 15 %\n",
-        "by synchronous impedence method= 38.7243469779 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.32, Page Number:1442"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "V=v/math.sqrt(3)+(i*r**pf)\n",
-      "reg=(1555-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "reg2=(1080-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 lagging:\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 leading:\",round(reg2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 lagging: 34.7 %\n",
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 leading: -6.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.33, Page Number:1443"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x_drop=0.1\n",
-      "r_drop=0.02\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "p=800000#VA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ir_drop=r_drop*vp\n",
-      "leakage=x_drop*vp\n",
-      "E=math.sqrt((vp*pf+ir_drop)**2+(vp*0.6+leakage)**2)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I=\",round(i),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I= 140.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.34, Page Number:1444"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=17#A\n",
-      "p=2000000.0#VA\n",
-      "i_f2=42.5#A\n",
-      "v=6000.0/math.sqrt(3)#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((v*pf)**2+(v*0.6+450)**2)\n",
-      "#corresponding i=26.5 A\n",
-      "#field amperes required for balancing armature reaction=14.5A\n",
-      "i_f=math.sqrt(26.5**2+14.5**2+2*26.5*14.4*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resulting field current=\",round(i_f,1),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resulting field current= 36.9 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.35, Page Number:1446"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((vp*pf+i*2)**2+(vp*0.6+p/1000)**2)\n",
-      "i1=math.sqrt(108**2+30**2+2*108*30*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "#corresponding emf=7700V\n",
-      "reg=(7700-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage regulation= 21.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.36, Page Number:1448"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "p=275000.0#W\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "stator_i=35.0#A\n",
-      "exciting_i=50.0#A\n",
-      "x=0.08\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x_drop=v*x/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ia=i*exciting_i/stator_i\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(vp**2+x_drop**2)\n",
-      "oc=59.8#field current corresponding tothe voltage\n",
-      "i_fl=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "ia2=exciting_i*i_fl/stator_i\n",
-      "ei=math.sqrt(ia2**2+oc**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Exciting current=\",round(ei),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Exciting current= 69.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.37, Page Number:1449"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=600000.0#VA\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "l_drop=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "amp_turns=1.06*i*200.0/8\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "x_drop=vp*l_drop/100\n",
-      "oa=1910.0#V\n",
-      "reg=(2242.0-oa)*100/oa\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 17.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.38, Page Number:1450"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=15000000#VA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=8400\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "xl=640/i\n",
-      "zs=(v1/math.sqrt(3))/i\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eo=7540\n",
-      "reg=(eo-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 18.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.39, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "xd=0.7\n",
-      "xq=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(math.radians(36.9)+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"no load voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 14.4702941001 degrees\n",
-        "no load voltage= 1.51511515874 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.40, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "xd=0.6\n",
-      "xq=0.45\n",
-      "ra=0.015\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tanpsi=(v*sinphi+ia*xq)/(v*pf+ia*ra)\n",
-      "psi=math.atan(tanpsi)\n",
-      "delta=psi-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(psi)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(psi)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+iq*ra+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"open circuit voltage=\",e0,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "open circuit voltage= 1.44767600311 V\n",
-        "regulation= 44.7676003107 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.41, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=10#A\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(20)\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+ia*xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(phi+delta)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(phi+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"id=\",i_d,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iq=\",iq,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 8.23131209115 degrees\n",
-        "id= 4.7303232581 A\n",
-        "iq= 8.81045071911 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 189
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.42, Page Number:1459"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e1=220#V\n",
-      "f1=60#Hz\n",
-      "e2=222#V\n",
-      "f2=59#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "emax=(e1+e2)/2\n",
-      "emin=(e2-e1)/2\n",
-      "f=(f1-f2)\n",
-      "epeak=emax/0.707\n",
-      "pulse=(f1-f2)*60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max voltage=\",emax,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"min voltage=\",emin,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"peak value of voltage=\",epeak,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"number of maximum light pulsations/minute=\",pulse"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max voltage= 221 V\n",
-        "min voltage= 1 V\n",
-        "frequency= 1 Hz\n",
-        "peak value of voltage= 312.588401697 V\n",
-        "number of maximum light pulsations/minute= 60\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.43, Page Number:1462"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=1500#kVA\n",
-      "v=6.6#kV\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=power*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "tanphialpha=(vp*math.sin(phi)+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira)\n",
-      "phialpha=math.atan(tanphialpha)\n",
-      "alpha=phialpha-phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power angle= 7.87684146241\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 198
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.44, Page Number:1464"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#KVA\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v=3300#v\n",
-      "x=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ixs=x*vp\n",
-      "xs=x*vp/i\n",
-      "alpha=1*p/2\n",
-      "psy=3*3.14*vp**2/(60*xs*n)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronizing power=\",psy,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tsy*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronizing power= 628.0 kW\n",
-        "torque= 5997.4 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.45, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v1=3.3#kV\n",
-      "r=0.25\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000000/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,r*vp)\n",
-      "xs=ixs/i\n",
-      "v=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(e0.imag/e0.real)-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p=6/2\n",
-      "psy=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(alpha)*math.sin(math.radians(3))/xs\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*3*psy*100/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",-psy*3/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"toque=\",-tsy/100,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 722.236196153j kW\n",
-        "toque= 6897.35567326j N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 221
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.46, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#KVA\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=1#%\n",
-      "x=15#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "vph=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=r*vph/1000\n",
-      "ra=ira/i\n",
-      "xs=x*vph/(100*i)\n",
-      "zs=(ra**2+xs**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "alpha=p/2\n",
-      "psy=math.radians(alpha)*vph**2/xs\n",
-      "#fl 0.8 pf\n",
-      "e=((vph*pf+i*ra)**2+(vph*math.sin(math.acos(pf)+i*xs))**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy2=math.radians(alpha)*e*vph/xs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous power at:\"\n",
-      "print \"no load=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf of 0.8=\",psy2,\"w\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous power at:\n",
-        "no load= 58177.6417331 W\n",
-        "at pf of 0.8= 73621.2350169 w\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.47, Page Number:1466"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "v1=6000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(4)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "e0=((v*pf)**2+(v*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i*r)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy=alpha*e0*v*3/r\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous torque=\",tsy,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 514916.500204 W\n",
-        "synchronous torque= 6556.60343593 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.48, Page Number:1467"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "xs=r*vp/(1000*i)\n",
-      "p=120*f/n\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(2)\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "psy=3*alpha*vp**2/(p*1000)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy*1000/(n*2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8\n",
-      "v2=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,i*4)\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "psy2=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(math.radians(8.1))*math.sin(math.radians(2))*3/4\n",
-      "tsy2=9.55*psy2/(n*20)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power:\"\n",
-      "print \"atno load=\",psy,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"at 0.8 pf=\",psy2,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"torque:\"\n",
-      "print \"at no load=\",tsy,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8=\",tsy2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power:\n",
-        "atno load= 872.664625997 w\n",
-        "at 0.8 pf= 1506057.44405 w\n",
-        "torque:\n",
-        "at no load= 2777.98239276 N-m\n",
-        "at pf=0.8= 479.428286357 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.49, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6.6#kW\n",
-      "load1=3000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "xa=complex(0.5,10)\n",
-      "xb=complex(0.4,12)\n",
-      "i0=150#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=complex(load*1000/3**0.5,0)\n",
-      "cosphi1=1500*1000/(load*1000*i0*3**0.5)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(cosphi1)\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(phi1)\n",
-      "i=328*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "i1=i0*complex(cosphi1,-sinphi1)\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "coshi2=i2.real/181\n",
-      "ea=v+i1*xa\n",
-      "eal=3**0.5*abs(ea)\n",
-      "eb=v+i2*xb\n",
-      "ebl=3**0.5*abs(eb)\n",
-      "alpha1=(ea.imag/ea.real)\n",
-      "alpha2=(eb.imag/eb.real)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Ea=\",ea,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha1=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha2=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Ea= (4602.91884998+1275.81974829j) V\n",
-        "Eb= (5352.42648271+1524.56032028j) V\n",
-        "alpha1= 15.8810288383 degrees\n",
-        "alpha2= 16.3198639435 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 245
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.50, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declration\n",
-      "e1=complex(230,0)\n",
-      "e2=230*complex(0.985,0.174)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0,2)\n",
-      "z2=complex(0,3)\n",
-      "z=6\n",
-      "i1=((e1-e2)*z+e1*z2)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i2=((e2-e1)*z+e2*z1)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*z\n",
-      "p1=abs(v)*abs(i1)*math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=abs(v)*abs(i2)*math.cos(math.atan(i2.imag/i2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power 1=\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power 2=\",p2,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= (222.905384615-28.5730769231j) V\n",
-        "current (37.1508974359-4.76217948718j) A\n",
-        "power 1= 3210.60292765 W\n",
-        "power 2= 5138.29001053 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 249
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.51, Page Number:1471"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1500#kW\n",
-      "v=11#KV\n",
-      "pf=0.867\n",
-      "x=50#ohm\n",
-      "r=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "iwatt=il*pf\n",
-      "iwattless=il*sinphi\n",
-      "i1=il/2\n",
-      "i2=iwatt/2\n",
-      "iw1=(i**2-i1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw2=i2-iw1\n",
-      "ia=(i2**2+iw2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "vt=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ir=i*r\n",
-      "ix=x*i\n",
-      "cosphi=i2/i\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "e=((vt*cosphi+ir)**2+(vt*sinphi+ix)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 43.4628778514 A\n",
-        "line voltage= 14304.0798593 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.52, Page Number:1472"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=6000#kW\n",
-      "pfa=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phia=math.acos(pfa)\n",
-      "tanphi=math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "tanphia=math.tan(phia)\n",
-      "loadkvar=load*1000*tanphi\n",
-      "akvar=output*tanphia\n",
-      "kwb=(load*1000-output)\n",
-      "kvarb=loadkvar-akvar\n",
-      "kvab=complex(kwb,kvarb)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(math.atan(kvab.imag/kvab.real))\n",
-      "kvarb=kwb*pfb\n",
-      "kvara=-loadkvar-kvarb\n",
-      "kvaa=complex(output,kvara)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(math.atan(kvaa.imag/kvaa.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new pfb=\",pfb\n",
-      "print \"new pfa=\",pfa"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new pfb= 0.628980253433\n",
-        "new pfa= 0.513894032194\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.54, Page Number:1473"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "load=1000#KVA\n",
-      "x=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=87.5\n",
-      "x=8.7\n",
-      "vp=3810\n",
-      "e0=4311\n",
-      "ir=70\n",
-      "ix=52.5\n",
-      "IX=762\n",
-      "vb1=(e0**2-vp**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1x=vb1\n",
-      "i1=i1x/x\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*v*i1/1000\n",
-      "b2v=(vp**2+e0**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2z=b2v\n",
-      "i2=b2v/x\n",
-      "i2rx=e0\n",
-      "i2r=i2rx/x\n",
-      "i2x=vp/x\n",
-      "tanphi2=i2x/i2r\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(tanphi2)\n",
-      "cosphi2=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "output1=3**0.5*v*i2*cosphi2/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output at unity pf=\",output,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output1,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " power output at unity pf= 2650.38477722 kW\n",
-        "max power output= 5664.52285143 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 255
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.55, Page Number:1474"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=220.0#A\n",
-      "load=11.0#kV\n",
-      "per=25.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "oa1=load*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "a1c1=i*x\n",
-      "e0=(oa1**2+a1c1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "emf=(1+per/100)*e0\n",
-      "a1a2=(emf**2-a1c1**2)**0.5-oa1\n",
-      "ix=a1a2/x\n",
-      "i1=(i**2+ix**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=i/i1\n",
-      "bv=(oa1**2+emf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "imax=bv/x\n",
-      "ir=emf/x\n",
-      "ix=oa1/x\n",
-      "pfmax=ir/imax\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*load*1000*imax*pfmax*0.001\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new current= 281.573453399 A\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.781323655849\n",
-        "max power output= 16006.7954319 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 258
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.56, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#MVA\n",
-      "load1=35.0#MVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=25.0#MVA\n",
-      "cosphi1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loadmw=load1*pf\n",
-      "loadmvar=load1*0.6\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "mva1=25\n",
-      "mw1=mva1*cosphi1\n",
-      "mvar1=25*sinphi1\n",
-      "mw2=loadmw-mw1\n",
-      "mvar2=loadmvar-mvar1\n",
-      "mva2=(mw2**2+mvar2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cosphi2=mw2/mva2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",mva2\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 10.4509862952\n",
-        "pf= 0.52626611926\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 260
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.57, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "load=600#KW\n",
-      "loadm=707#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "output=900#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kva=1000\n",
-      "kvar=kva*(1-pf1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "active_p=1307-output\n",
-      "reactive_p=loadm-kvar\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"active power shared by second machine=\",active_p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"reactive power shared by second machine=\",reactive_p,\"kVAR\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "active power shared by second machine= 407 kW\n",
-        "reactive power shared by second machine= 271.110105646 kVAR\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.58, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l1=500#kW\n",
-      "l2=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "l3=800#kW\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "l4=500#kW\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "output=1500#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.95\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kw1=l1\n",
-      "kw2=l2\n",
-      "kw3=l3\n",
-      "kw4=500\n",
-      "kvar2=kw2*0.436/pf1\n",
-      "kvar3=kw3*0.6/pf2\n",
-      "kvar4=kw4*0.436/pf3\n",
-      "kvar=output/pf\n",
-      "kw=kw1+kw2+kw3+kw4-output\n",
-      "kvar=kvar2+kvar3+kvar4-kvar\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(math.atan(kvar/kw))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW output=\",kw\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kW output= 1300\n",
-        "pf= 0.981685651341\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 264
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.59, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,2)\n",
-      "ze=complex(3,4)\n",
-      "emf1=complex(2000,0)\n",
-      "emf2=complex(22000,100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=complex(68.2,-102.5)\n",
-      "i2=complex(127,-196.4)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*ze\n",
-      "pva1=v*i1\n",
-      "kw1=pva1.real*3\n",
-      "a11=math.atan(-i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "a12=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(a11-a12)\n",
-      "pva2=v*i2\n",
-      "kw2=pva2.real*3\n",
-      "a21=math.atan(-i2.imag/i2.real)\n",
-      "a22=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(a21-a22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kw output 1=\",kw1/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 1=\",pf1\n",
-      "print \"kw output 2=\",kw2/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 2=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kw output 1= 328.79427\n",
-        "pf 1= 0.606839673468\n",
-        "kw output 2= 610.34892\n",
-        "pf 2= 0.596381892841\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 273
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.63, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500#rpm\n",
-      "j=1.5*10**4#khm2\n",
-      "ratio=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"natural time period of oscillation=\",round(t,3),\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "natural time period of oscillation= 1.364 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.64, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10000#KVA\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "xs=25#%\n",
-      "pf=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=100/xs\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "j=(pf/(0.0083*ns))**2*load*ratio*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"moment of inertia=\",j/1000,\"x10^4 kg-m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "moment of inertia= 29.0317898098 x10^4 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 277
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.65, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#MVA\n",
-      "v=10.0#kV\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "j=2.0*10**5#kgm2\n",
-      "x=40.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=100.0/x\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*1000*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of oscillation of the rotor=\",round(1/t,1),\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of oscillation of the rotor= 0.2 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 283
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.66, Page Number:1483"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "z=complex(1,10)\n",
-      "emf=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=emf*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "costheta=z.real/abs(z)\n",
-      "pmax=e*v*3/(z.imag*1000)\n",
-      "pmax_per_phase=(v/abs(z))*(e-(v/abs(z)))*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max output =\",pmax_per_phase/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max output = 14125.5529273 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 285
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.67, Page Number:1484"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11#kVA\n",
-      "load1=10#MW\n",
-      "z=complex(0.8,8.0)\n",
-      "v=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pmax=(load*1000/3**0.5)*(v*1000/3**0.5)*3/z.imag\n",
-      "imax=((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5/z.imag\n",
-      "pf=(v/3**0.5)*1000/((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum output=\",pmax/1000000,\"MW\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",imax,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum output= 19.25 MW\n",
-        "current= 1284.92866209 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.786318338822\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 289
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_7osIJcS.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_7osIJcS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index aebdac51..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_7osIJcS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:7d0991402755fd2e3c1083bccec70e0a43143da000e9a99e70877269e1fdc43a"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 31: Testing of DC Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.1, Page Number:1092"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l=38.1#kg\n",
-      "d=63.53*0.01#cm\n",
-      "v=12#rps\n",
-      "i=49#A\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=d/2\n",
-      "torque=l*r*9.81\n",
-      "power=torque*2*3.14*v\n",
-      "motor_input=i*V\n",
-      "efficiency=power*100/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output power=\",round(power),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(efficiency),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output power= 8947.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 83.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(a), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "spring_b1=10.0#kg\n",
-      "spring_b2=35.0#kg\n",
-      "d=40*0.01#m\n",
-      "v=950.0#rpm\n",
-      "V=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=30.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "F=(spring_b2-spring_b1)*9.81\n",
-      "N=v/60\n",
-      "R=d/2\n",
-      "tsh=F*R\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*N\n",
-      "output=tsh*omega\n",
-      "motor_input=V*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 4877.205 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.28675 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(b), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "t1=2.9#kg\n",
-      "t2=0.17#kg\n",
-      "r=7*0.01#m\n",
-      "i=2.0#A\n",
-      "V=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "force=(t1-t2)*9.81\n",
-      "torque=force*r\n",
-      "output=torque*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(V*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",torque,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1.874691 N-m\n",
-        "output 294.326487 W\n",
-        "efficiency 63.984018913 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.3, Page Number:1095"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_noload=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=i-ish\n",
-      "culoss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_noload-culoss\n",
-      "ia=32-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(output/input_)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 70.1754545455 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.4, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/r\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "Ia=I-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=Ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_lossa\n",
-      "input_nl1=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_nl1-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_nl\n",
-      "Eb1=V-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=V-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "change=math.fabs((Eb1-Eb2)/Eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*10,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",change*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 16852.5 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 84.2625 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= 5.64617314931 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.5, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=44.76#kW\n",
-      "i=13.25#A\n",
-      "ish=2.55#A\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p_nl=v*i\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "bd_loss=2*ia\n",
-      "variable_loss=bd_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "w=p_nl-variable_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-p*1000-w-2*I-ra*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v\n",
-      "e=p*1000/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Full load current=\",round(il),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Full load efficiency=\",round(e*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Full load current= 226.0 A\n",
-        "Full load efficiency= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.6, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "o=17.158#kW\n",
-      "inpt=20.2#KW\n",
-      "rf=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "o2=7.46#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loss1=inpt*1000.0-o*1000.0\n",
-      "ic=inpt*1000.0/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=ic-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "const_loss=loss1-cu_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-o2*1000.0-(ra*I**2)-const_loss],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v/1000.0\n",
-      "e=o2*1000*100/(pin*1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(il),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 74.1 %\n",
-        "power input= 50.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.7, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92#kW\n",
-      "ia=6.5#A\n",
-      "ish=2.2#A\n",
-      "i=70.0#A\n",
-      "pd=3.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ic_nl=ia+ish\n",
-      "pi=v*ic_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*pd/i\n",
-      "const_loss=pi-cu_lossa\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*I+cu_loss-p*1000-const_loss-(pd/i)*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "ic=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=v*ic\n",
-      "e=p*1000*100/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.8, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=200*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i1=36.0#A\n",
-      "I1=12.0#A\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "pd=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=400.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ia=i1-I1\n",
-      "ra=pd/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_nl=v*i1\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "output_i=p/v\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/(p+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "output_i=p/(2*v)\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/((p/2+total_loss)*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at half load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at full load= 91.3736344667 %\n",
-        "efficiency at half load= 89.6559292335 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.9, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92*1000#W\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpn\n",
-      "rsh=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=78.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_=0.8*p/e\n",
-      "total_loss=input_-0.8*p\n",
-      "input_i=input_/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "ra=total_loss/(2*(ia**2))\n",
-      "Ia=i-ish\n",
-      "total_loss2=Ia**2*ra+total_loss/2\n",
-      "input__=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=(input__-total_loss2)*100/input__\n",
-      "Eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=v-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "n2=(n*Eb2)/Eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"r.p.m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 86.9450046554 %\n",
-        "speed= 678.443304738 r.p.m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.10(a), Page Number:1101"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#W\n",
-      "i2=90.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=p/v\n",
-      "efficiency=math.sqrt(i1/(i1+i2))*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.11, Page Number:1102"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "motor_i=100#A\n",
-      "shunt_i1=3#A\n",
-      "shunt_i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "cu_loss=500#W\n",
-      "cu_lossa=361#W\n",
-      "ia=85#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "mech_core_stray_loss=0.5*((v*i)-(motor_i**2*ra)-(ia**2*ra))\n",
-      "cu_motor=v*shunt_i1\n",
-      "generator_motor=v*shunt_i2\n",
-      "total_loss=mech_core_stray_loss+cu_motor+generator_motor\n",
-      "input_=v*i+cu_motor\n",
-      "output=v*ia*10**(-3)\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss*10**(-3)+1.07+0.36\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eficiency= 89.8045430534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.12, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "i=48#A\n",
-      "i1=3#a\n",
-      "i2=3.5#A\n",
-      "motor_i=230#A\n",
-      "ra=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "cu_loss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=motor_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i1\n",
-      "total_cu_lossm=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "arm_i=233-i+i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=arm_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=arm_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i2\n",
-      "total_cu_lossg=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#set\n",
-      "totalcu_loss=total_cu_lossm+total_cu_lossg\n",
-      "total_input=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_input-totalcu_loss\n",
-      "strayloss_per=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor efficiency\n",
-      "input_=233*v\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossm+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",e,\"%\"\n",
-      "#generator efficiency\n",
-      "input_=110*185\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossg+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "100\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.4590884705 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 88.5893642506 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.13, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable series\n",
-      "v=500.0#A\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#w\n",
-      "auxiliary_i=30.0#A\n",
-      "output_i=200.0#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "i2=1.8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.075#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=2.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_arm=output_i+auxiliary_i\n",
-      "motorarm_culoss=(motor_arm**2*ra)+(motor_arm*2)\n",
-      "motorfield_culoss=v*i2\n",
-      "generatorarm_culoss=(output_i**2*ra)+(output_i*2)\n",
-      "generatoefield_culoss=v*i1\n",
-      "total_culoss=motorarm_culoss+motorfield_culoss+generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss\n",
-      "power=v*auxiliary_i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-total_culoss\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "total_loss=generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss+permachine\n",
-      "output=v*output_i\n",
-      "e=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 93.1001175389 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.14, Page Number:1104"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "motor_i=400.0#A\n",
-      "i1=6.0#A\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(motor_i-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*motor_i)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(motor_i-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 92.3148148148 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 91.4642857143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 77
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.15, Page Number:1105"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ia=380.0#A\n",
-      "i1=5.0#A\n",
-      "i2=4.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(ia-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*ia)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.7038001041 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 95.2121212121 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.16, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "v2=190.0#V\n",
-      "t=30#sec\n",
-      "t2=20#sec\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "avg_i=i/2\n",
-      "power=avg_v*avg_i\n",
-      "W=power*(t2/(t-t2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Stray loss=\",W,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Stray loss= 4100.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 85
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.17, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "n1=1525.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1475.0#ohm\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "p=1000.0#W\n",
-      "t2=20.0#sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "N=(n1+n2)/2\n",
-      "w=p*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(w*dt)/((2*3.14/60)**2*N*dN)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Moment of Inertia=\",I,\"kg-m2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Moment of Inertia= 121.708791432 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.18, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "v2=225.0#V\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "t2=6.0#ohm\n",
-      "iavg=10.0#A\n",
-      "i2=25.0#A\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "w_=avg_v*iavg\n",
-      "W=w_*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "ish=v3/r\n",
-      "ia=i2-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_shunt=v3*ia\n",
-      "total_loss=W+cu_loss+v3\n",
-      "e=((v*i2)-total_loss)/(v*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "734.210526316\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.7564912281 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.19, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n1=1030#rpm\n",
-      "n2=970#rpm\n",
-      "t1=36#sec\n",
-      "t2=15#sec\n",
-      "t3=9#sec\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "v=219#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "W=v*i*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(W*t2)/((2*3.14/60)**2*n*dN)\n",
-      "Wm=W*t2/t1\n",
-      "iron_loss=W-Wm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)moment of inertia=\",I,\"kg.m2\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)mechanical losses=\",Wm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)moment of inertia= 74.9650087225 kg.m2\n",
-        "ii)iron loss= 1916.25 W\n",
-        "iii)mechanical losses= 1368.75 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.20, Page Number:1110"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "iam=56.0#A\n",
-      "vam=590.0#V\n",
-      "vdm=40.0#V\n",
-      "iag=44.0#A\n",
-      "vag=400.0#V\n",
-      "vdg=40.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_total=(vdm+vam)*iam\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "total_loss=input_total-output\n",
-      "rse=vdg/iam\n",
-      "cu_loss=((r+2*rse)*iam**2)+(iag**2*r)\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "permachine=strayloss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "inputm=vam*iam\n",
-      "culossm=(r+rse)*iam**2\n",
-      "totallossm=culossm+permachine\n",
-      "output=inputm-totallossm\n",
-      "em=output*100/inputm\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "inputg=vag*iag\n",
-      "culossg=(r)*iag**2\n",
-      "totalloss=culossg+permachine+(vdm*iam)\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "eg=output*100/(output+totalloss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",em,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",eg,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "motor efficiency= 72.6997578692 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 67.0220868241 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_AI0j6iz.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_AI0j6iz.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0690f646..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_AI0j6iz.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1741 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:e71bef33b0871199556c73182ec6cd28497a9d9d16612973a23ee2cceda4b35b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 26: D.C. Generators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.3, Page Number:912"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=450#A\n",
-      "v=230#v\n",
-      "rs=50#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.03#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+va\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f. generated in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f. generated in the armature=  243.62  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.4, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#v\n",
-      "rs=250#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vs=ia*rseries\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "vb=ish*b\n",
-      "E=v+va+vs+vb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  506.16  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.5, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "v=220#v\n",
-      "rs=200#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=i*rseries\n",
-      "vshunt=v+vs\n",
-      "ish=vshunt/v\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vb=b*2\n",
-      "E=v+vs+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  232.552045455  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.6, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": true,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#v\n",
-      "i=150.0#A\n",
-      "rs=92.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.03#ohm(divertor)\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rd*rseries)/(rd+rseries)\n",
-      "tr=ra+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "Eg=v+vd\n",
-      "tp=Eg*ia\n",
-      "pl=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*sdr)+(v*ish)+(v*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resuts\n",
-      "print \"i) Induced e.m.f.= \",Eg,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)Total power generated= \",tp,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)Distribution of the total power:\"\n",
-      "print \" power lost in armature=                \", ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "print \"power lost in series field and divider= \", ia*ia*sdr\n",
-      "print \"power dissipated in shunt winding=      \", v*ish\n",
-      "print \"power delivered to load=                \", v*i\n",
-      "print \"                                         ------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Total=                                  \", pl"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) Induced e.m.f.=  236.405  V\n",
-        "ii)Total power generated=  36051.7625  W\n",
-        "iii)Distribution of the total power:\n",
-        " power lost in armature=                 744.2\n",
-        "power lost in series field and divider=  232.5625\n",
-        "power dissipated in shunt winding=       575.0\n",
-        "power delivered to load=                 34500.0\n",
-        "                                         ------------\n",
-        "Total=                                   36051.7625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.7, Page Number:914"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=300000.0#w\n",
-      "v=600.0#v\n",
-      "sr=75.0#ohm\n",
-      "abr=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "cr=0.011#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "dr=0.036#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "io=p/v#output current\n",
-      "ish=v/sr\n",
-      "ia=io+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rseries*dr)/(rseries+dr)\n",
-      "tr=abr+cr+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "va=v+vd\n",
-      "pg=va*ia\n",
-      "W=pg/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generatedby the armature= \",va,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power generated by the armature= \",W, \"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generatedby the armature=  625.4  V\n",
-        "Power generated by the armature=  317.7032 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.8, Page Number:915"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=7*math.pow(10,-3)\n",
-      "z=51*20\n",
-      "a=p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#r.p.m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=(phi*z*n*p)/(a*60)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generated= \",Eg,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generated=  178.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.9, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=8\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "N=500#armature conductor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=phi*(n/60)*(p/a)*N\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f generated= \",E,\" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f generated=  500.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.10, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=127#v\n",
-      "vt=120#v(terminal voltage)\n",
-      "r=15#ohms\n",
-      "i1=8.47#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohms\n",
-      "fi=8#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=v+(i1*ra)\n",
-      "ia=(Eg-vt)/ra\n",
-      "il=ia-fi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current \",il,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current  350.47  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(a), Page Number:917"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=778\n",
-      "n=500\n",
-      "ra=0.24\n",
-      "rl=12.5\n",
-      "r=250\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "si=v/r\n",
-      "ai=il+si\n",
-      "emf=v+(ai*ra)\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ai,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",emf,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",round(phi*1000,2),\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  21.0  A\n",
-        "induced e.m.f.=  255.04  V\n",
-        "flux per pole=  9.83  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(b), Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "P=5000.0#w\n",
-      "P2=2500.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=120\n",
-      "N=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "gc=P/v\n",
-      "li=P2/v\n",
-      "ti=gc+li\n",
-      "fc=1\n",
-      "ai=ti+fc\n",
-      "ard=ai*ra\n",
-      "emf=v+ard+2\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*N)\n",
-      "ac_perparralelpath=ai/p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current per parallel path= \",ac_perparralelpath,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Flux per pole=  129.1  mWb\n",
-        "Armature current per parallel path=  7.75  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.12, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2.0#V(brush drop)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "R=v/i\n",
-      "E1=v+(i*ra)+bd\n",
-      "E2=(E1*n2)/n1\n",
-      "il=(E2-bd)/0.675\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.= \",round(il,2),\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.=  157.04  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.13, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=900 #rpm\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "E=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "phi=10#mWb\n",
-      "N=8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(E-V)/ra\n",
-      "Z=(E*600*2)/(phi*math.pow(10,-3)*n*p)\n",
-      "#since there ae 8 turns in a coil,it means there are 16 active conductor\n",
-      "number_of_coils=Z/16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"number of coils= \",number_of_coils"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  100.0  A\n",
-        "number of coils=  500.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.14, Page Number:919"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=120.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rs=25#ohm\n",
-      "rsw=0.04#ohm(series winding)\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "#i)Long shunt\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#i)Short shunt\n",
-      "vds=il*rsw\n",
-      "vs=V+vds\n",
-      "ish=vs/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt=  130.48  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt= 104.8  A\n",
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt=  130.496  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt= 104.96  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.15, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=25000.0#W\n",
-      "V=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=1.0#V\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/V\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "vds=ia*rseries\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "vdb=vb*2\n",
-      "E=V+vds+vda+vdb\n",
-      "Z=(E*60*4)/(phi*n*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"The e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"The number of conductors=\",Z"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The e.m.f. generated=  505.675  V\n",
-        "The number of conductors= 1264.1875\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.16, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "e=240.0#V\n",
-      "z=792\n",
-      "phi=0.0145#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi_working=(e*60*2)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "lambda_=phi/phi_working\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Leakage coefficient= \",round(lambda_,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Leakage coefficient=  1.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.17, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rt=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "rtotal=t*rt\n",
-      "r_eachpath=rtotal/p\n",
-      "ra=r_eachpath/a\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "V=E-vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage= \",V, \" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal Voltage=  459.25  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.18, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rturn=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rsc=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ra=0.055#ohm\n",
-      "ra=ra+rsc\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "v=E-va\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "i=ia-ish\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output= \",round(output/1000,3),\" kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output=  20.813  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.19, Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "v=125#V\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E1=v+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "E2=E1*n2/n1*0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%=\",E2,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%= 90.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(a), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=378\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "rl=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "V=(100.0/111.0)*E\n",
-      "il=V/rl\n",
-      "P=il*V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power absorbed by the load is= \",P,\" W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power absorbed by the load is=  5154.12710007  W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(b), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=300\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#rpm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "il=90#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ifield=E/rf\n",
-      "ia=ifield+il\n",
-      "V=E-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage= \",V,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal voltage=  481.2  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(a), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "e=250.0#V\n",
-      "d=350.0#mm\n",
-      "air_gap=3.0#mm\n",
-      "al=260.0#mm\n",
-      "fringing=0.8\n",
-      "coils=96\n",
-      "t=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=t*coils*2\n",
-      "a=p*2\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "di=d+air_gap\n",
-      "pole_arc=(3.14*di*fringing)/6\n",
-      "B=phi/(pole_arc*0.000001*al)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi,\" Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"effective pole arc lenght= \",pole_arc*0.001,\" m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux density= \",B,\" T\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  0.0434027777778  Wb\n",
-        "effective pole arc lenght=  0.147789333333  m\n",
-        "flux density=  1.12953862717  T\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(b), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "e=250.0#v\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "b=35.0#cm\n",
-      "ratio=0.7\n",
-      "lpole=20.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pole_pitch=(b*3.14)/p\n",
-      "polearc=ratio*pole_pitch\n",
-      "pole_area=polearc*lpole\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "mean_flux=phi/(pole_area*math.pow(10,-4))\n",
-      "              \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Mean flux density= \",mean_flux,\" Wb/m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Mean flux density=  0.649941505265  Wb/m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(d), Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v+(i*rseries)\n",
-      "ish=va/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "e=va+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "ishunt=v/rs\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rseries)\n",
-      "e2=v+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(short shunt)\",e,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(long shunt)\",e2,\" V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf generated(short shunt) 114.070666667  V\n",
-        "emf generated(long shunt) 114.123666667  V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.22, Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "w=20000.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rs=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=w/v\n",
-      "i_f=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+i_f\n",
-      "ip=w/efficiency#input power\n",
-      "total_loss=ip-w\n",
-      "copper_loss=(ia*ia*(ra+rseries))+(i_f*i_f*rs)\n",
-      "ironloss=total_loss-copper_loss\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "T=ip/omega\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#omega\n",
-      "print \"Copper loss= \",copper_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Iron and friction loss= \",ironloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque developed by the prime mover= \",T,\"Nw-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Copper loss=  1216.88892562  W\n",
-        "Iron and friction loss=  2312.52283909  W\n",
-        "Torque developed by the prime mover=  224.803297115 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.23, Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declartaion\n",
-      "power=10000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=534\n",
-      "cu_loss=0.64*1000#W\n",
-      "vbd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=power/v\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+vbd\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  30.0  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(a), Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=195#A\n",
-      "pd=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "p=250#W\n",
-      "strayloss=950#W\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=pd/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=pd+vda\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(pd*ish)\n",
-      "output_prime=(pd*i)+strayloss+cu_loss\n",
-      "power_a=output_prime-strayloss\n",
-      "neu_m=(power_a/output_prime)\n",
-      "neu_e=(pd*i)/((pd*i)+cu_loss)\n",
-      "neu_c=(pd*i)/output_prime\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \" b)Cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" c)output of prime mover= \",output_prime,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" d)mechanical efficiency= \",neu_m*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   electrical efficiency= \",neu_e*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   commercial efficiency= \",neu_c*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)e.m.f. generated=  254.0  V\n",
-        " b)Cu losses=  2050.0  W\n",
-        " c)output of prime mover=  51750.0  W\n",
-        " d)mechanical efficiency=  98.1642512077  %\n",
-        "   electrical efficiency=  95.9645669291  %\n",
-        "   commercial efficiency=  94.2028985507  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(b), Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "total_loss=(v*i*0.5)+((il+i*0.5)*(il+i*0.5)*ra)+(v*i*0.5)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency=  87.8312542029  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.25, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=196#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "stray_loss=720#W\n",
-      "rsh=55#ohm\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "inpute=output/e\n",
-      "total_loss=inpute-output\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "constant_loss=cu_loss+stray_loss\n",
-      "culoss_a=total_loss-constant_loss\n",
-      "ra=culoss_a/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "I=math.sqrt(constant_loss/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency\",I,\" A\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency 122.283568103  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.26, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "p=22*1000#w\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "I=p/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+I\n",
-      "vdseries=ia*rseries\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*rseries)+(rsh*ish*ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=(p/efficiency)-p\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "T=(p/efficiency*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)iron and friction loss= \",strayloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)Torque exerted by the prime mover= \",T,\" N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cu losses=  1584.44  W\n",
-        "b)iron and friction loss=  1415.56  W\n",
-        "c)Torque exerted by the prime mover=  238.853503185  N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.27, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=1#V(voltage drop per brush)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=i*r\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+(2*vdb)\n",
-      "totalpower=E*ia\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/totalpower\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced e.m.f.=  214.0  V\n",
-        "efficiency=  77.8816199377  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.28, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=100#ohm\n",
-      "ironloss=1000#W\n",
-      "frictionloss=500#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "totalra=ra+rseries+ri\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "copperloss=ia*ia*totalra\n",
-      "shculoss=ish*v\n",
-      "total_loss=copperloss+ironloss+frictionloss+shculoss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"F.L. efficiency of the machine= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "F.L. efficiency of the machine=  87.3089843128  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.29, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "ironloss=8#kW\n",
-      "r=0.25#reduction in speed\n",
-      "n_ironloss=5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([ironloss-(A*1+B*1**2),n_ironloss-(A*(1-r)+B*(1-r)**2)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]\n",
-      "we=ans[B]\n",
-      "wh2=ans[A]*0.5\n",
-      "we2=ans[B]*0.5**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)full speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)half speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh2,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we2,3),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)full speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 2.667 kW\n",
-        "We= 5.333 kW\n",
-        "ii)half speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 1.333 kW\n",
-        "We= 1.333 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.30, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "N=Symbol('N')\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "wh=250.0#w\n",
-      "we=100.0#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "A=wh/(n/60)\n",
-      "B=we/((n/60)**2)\n",
-      "new_loss=(wh+we)/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([new_loss-A*N-B*(N**2)],[N])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed at which total loss will be halved=\",ans[1],\"r.p.s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed at which total loss will be halved= (9.50045787200216,) r.p.s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.31, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=160.0#ohm\n",
-      "mechcoreloss=500.0#W\n",
-      "culoss=360.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "i=output/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+i\n",
-      "culossa=ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "totalloss=culoss+mechcoreloss+culossa\n",
-      "inputp=output+totalloss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inputp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power required= \",inputp*0.001,\" kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficinecy= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power required=  11.9780166667  kW\n",
-        "efficinecy=  83.486275552  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.32, Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=110*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.002#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "E=v+ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf=  226.024  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.33 Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "E=216.0#V\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "slots=144\n",
-      "con=6\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=con*slots\n",
-      "a=p\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "armatureE=(phi*z*n2*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the armature emf= \",armatureE,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the armature emf=  360.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.34 Page Number:933"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ar=p*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature resistance=\",ar"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature resistance= 0.6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_BeoNvNJ.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_BeoNvNJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6653720b..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_BeoNvNJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2354 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:102ba4bcb83ebd9f77c7c3f970c6e3d48b2bd31161c690d1b5c67b800706b1d0"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 29: D.C. Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.1, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#as generator \n",
-      "eg=v+i*r\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "eb=v-i*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"as generator:eg=\",eg,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"as motor:eb=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "as generator:eg= 230.0 V\n",
-        "as motor:eb= 210.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.2, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=Symbol('ia')\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "brush_drop=2#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n2=700#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=v/i\n",
-      "eg1=v+i*r+brush_drop\n",
-      "eg2=eg1*n2/n\n",
-      "ia=solve(eg2-2-ia*r-2.5*ia,ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to the load=\",ia[0],\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to the load= 69.7692307692308 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.3, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200#ohm\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "im=output*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=im-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "back emf= 425.642780749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.4, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#as generator\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "As generator: power= 26.12424 kW\n",
-        "As generator: power= 23.92376 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.5, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=32\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "ra=2.0#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=i+v/rf\n",
-      "eg=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eg*a*60/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "ia=i2-v/rf\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi,\"wb\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the machine=\",math.ceil(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 0.42375 wb\n",
-        "speed of the machine= 850.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.6, Page Number:1002"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=110#A\n",
-      "v=480#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "z=864\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 636.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 755.568 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.7, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=782\n",
-      "ra=rf=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 705.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 248.676 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.8, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=eb*ia\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"machanical power=\",pm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 79.5833333333 N-m\n",
-        "machanical power= 12500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.9, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=800\n",
-      "load=8.2#kW\n",
-      "ia=45#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "a=p/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=load*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 286.2 N-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 270.618131415 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.10, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=2*i\n",
-      "fb1=v-(i*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia2*ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/fb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when torque is doubled=\",n2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when torque is doubled= 476.19047619 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.11, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "ra=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2#v\n",
-      "i=1.8#A\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/v\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "il=ratio*il\n",
-      "ia=il-i\n",
-      "r=solve(ia*(r+ra)+vd-v,r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load shaft torque\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"total resistance=\",r[0],\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load line current= 124.333333333 A\n",
-        "full-load shaft torque 356.215 N-m\n",
-        "total resistance= 3.82420021762787 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.12, Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "output=5.595#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "phi=30*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",tsh*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 804.481481481 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed= 66.4182473183 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(a), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=20.0#kW\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "phi=0.04#Wb\n",
-      "z=160\n",
-      "il=95.0#A\n",
-      "inl=9.0#A\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ea0=v-(inl-i)*ra\n",
-      "n0=ea0*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "#load\n",
-      "ea=v-(il-i)*ra\n",
-      "n=ea*n0/ea0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load speed=\",n0,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"load speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load speed= 1030.5 rpm\n",
-        "load speed= 1014.375 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(b), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "i=400#A\n",
-      "n=350#rpm\n",
-      "phi=80*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "z=600*2\n",
-      "loss=0.03#percentage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=phi*z*n*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "pa=e*i\n",
-      "t=pa/(2*3.14*n/60)\n",
-      "t_net=0.97*t\n",
-      "bhp=t_net*36.67*0.001/0.746\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"brake-horse-power\",bhp,\"HP\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "brake-horse-power 291.551578696 HP\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(c), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=774\n",
-      "phi=24*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "t=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 295.3584 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(d), Page Number:1005"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ih=v/rf\n",
-      "pi=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=cu_loss=v*ih\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(il+ih)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_a+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 87.8312542029 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(e), Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delcration\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "loss=0.5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+loss*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output of the motor=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output of the motor= 7.82 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.14, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=400.0#N\n",
-      "d=10.0#cm\n",
-      "n=840#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1800#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=.80\n",
-      "d2=24.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "tsh=f*d*0.01/2\n",
-      "output=tsh*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "input_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "d1=n*d2/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the motor=\",round(i),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"size of motor pulley=\",d1,\"cm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the motor= 10.0 A\n",
-        "size of motor pulley= 11.2 cm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.15, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=280\n",
-      "ia=45.0#A\n",
-      "phi=18*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5+0.3#ohm\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "d=0.41\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*60*a/(phi*z*p*4)\n",
-      "inpt=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "f=tsh*2/d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pull at the rim of the pulley=\",f,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pull at the rim of the pulley= 628.016180845 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.16, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "output=11.19#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "i=1#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1#V\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output*1000/n\n",
-      "phi=eb*60*a*1000/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=ia*2\n",
-      "power=input_a-(cu_loss+brush_loss)\n",
-      "rotational_loss=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*(ia+i)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"total torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux/pole=\",phi,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",rotational_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "total torque= 112.2125 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 106.8645 N-m\n",
-        "flux/pole= 13.0555555556 mWb\n",
-        "rotational losses= 460.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.4215686275 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 106
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.17, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=30.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2_by_t1=i2**2/i**2\n",
-      "change=(1-t2_by_t1)*100#percentage\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in torque=\",change,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 679.127725857 rpm\n",
-        "percentage change in torque= 43.75 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.18, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "output=55.95#kW\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "I=252.8#kg-m2\n",
-      "ia1=1.4\n",
-      "ia2=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ia1+ia2)/2\n",
-      "n=n/60.0\n",
-      "tsh=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque_avg=(ia-1)*tsh\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque_avg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"approximate time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "approximate time to attain full speed= 46.4050282991 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.19, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "I=7.5#kg-m2\n",
-      "ratio=1.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=n/60\n",
-      "t=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque=(ratio-1)*t\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "time to attain full speed= 4.4055406613 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 138
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.20, Page Number:1009"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=944\n",
-      "phi=34.6*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ta=209.0#N-m\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=3.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=ta/(0.159*phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "ea=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=ea/(phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n*60,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 20.1219966813 A\n",
-        "speed= 403.798260345 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.21, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#v\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-ish)*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-(i2-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when loaded=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when loaded= 966.21078037 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.22, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=100#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=25#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.45\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor runs=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor runs= 1940.37940379 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.23, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115.0#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=2.5#A\n",
-      "n2=1120#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra*ia\n",
-      "x=n2*eb1/n1\n",
-      "ia2=solve((v-ra*ia2)-x,ia2)\n",
-      "ia=ia2[0]+(v/rf)\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",round(ia,1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(input_m,1),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 35.0 A\n",
-        "power input= 8050.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.24, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=100.0#kW\n",
-      "n1=300#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=10.0#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rf=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=power*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra+2*vd\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n1/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 278.796797778 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.25, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by whih armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia2=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n0=n*eb0/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n0/(eb0*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of machine=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of machine= 960.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.26, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ooutput=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb_inst=eb1*(1-ratio)\n",
-      "ia_inst=(v-eb_inst)/ra\n",
-      "t_inst=9.55*eb_inst*ia_inst/n\n",
-      "ia2=i/(1-ratio)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 93.75 A\n",
-        "speed= 1224.66216216 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 191
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.27, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#A\n",
-      "v2=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "input_m=8.0#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "il=input_m*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=il-ish\n",
-      "ra=v2/i2\n",
-      "eb0=v-ish*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss=ish**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=inpt-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_arm=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_arm\n",
-      "output=input_m*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_m*1000)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed on load=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "speed on load= 623.943661972 rpm\n",
-        "torque= 103.0636 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 197
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.28, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=11#kW\n",
-      "inl=5#A\n",
-      "n_nl=1150#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=v*inl\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=inl-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss_a+constant_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(load*1000)\n",
-      "eb_nl=v-(ia0*ra)\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=n_nl*eb/eb_nl\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque developed= 87.096 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.5361818182 %\n",
-        "the speed= 1031.57894737 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.29, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vb=3#V\n",
-      "rf=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ia=80.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when current is 100 A=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when current is 100 A= 473.949579832 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.30, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia1=i*math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*ia1)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor will run when developing half the torque=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when motor will run when developing half the torque= 1147.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.31, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25#A\n",
-      "v=450#V\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "phi=1.7*0.01*math.pow(ia,0.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=n*phi*z*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "iara=v-eb\n",
-      "ra=iara/ia\n",
-      "i=math.pow((phi*ia*math.sqrt(ia)/(phi*2)),2.0/3.0)\n",
-      "eb2=v/2-i*ra\n",
-      "phi2=1.7*0.01*math.pow(i,0.5)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*phi*n/(eb*phi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor will run=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor will run= 372.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 224
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.32, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def f(ia,t):\n",
-      "    n=(v*ia-ia**2*ra)*60/(2*3.14*t)\n",
-      "    return(n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "n1=f(20.0,128.8)\n",
-      "n2=f(30.0,230.5)\n",
-      "n3=f(40.0,349.8)\n",
-      "n4=f(50.0,469.2)\n",
-      "T=[128.8,230.5,349.8,469.2]\n",
-      "N=[n1,n2,n3,n4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(T,N)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Torque(NM.m)\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Speed(rpm)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,500))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,800))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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bJA3a2e9iVslBYf1eRDwdEUdHxNHAxcD30/tjImJLV/tJqvb//z8A3B3ZDLeQ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\nRK5CYII=\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dc6a50>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.33, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=5.968#kW\n",
-      "n=700#rpm\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "n2=600#rpm\n",
-      "ra=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "loss=450#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fp(i,v):\n",
-      "    p=5.968*((n2*(v1-i*ra)/(v*n))**2)\n",
-      "    return(p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fm(i,v):\n",
-      "    m=((v1-i*ra)*i-loss)/1000\n",
-      "    return(m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=fp(7.0,347.0)\n",
-      "p2=fp(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "p3=fp(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "p4=fp(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "m1=fm(7.0,347.8)\n",
-      "m2=fm(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "m3=fm(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "m4=fm(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "I=[7,10.5,14,27.5]\n",
-      "P=[p1,p2,p3,p4]\n",
-      "M=[m1,m2,m3,m4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,P)\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,M)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Current\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Power(kW)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,30))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,12))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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TpkHnzjBqFHToEHY1qWfjto3cPfVunpr1FDe2uZF+x/WjcoXKYZclaSLeYwBVgSuAfsAh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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dfd050>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.34, Page Number:1022"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "ia=3.5#A\n",
-      "ib=4.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "loss=v*i\n",
-      "#B unexcited\n",
-      "loss1=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "#B excited\n",
-      "loss2=v*(ib-i)\n",
-      "loss=loss2-loss1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"iron losses of B=\",loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "iron losses of B= 500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.35, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=5.0#A\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "i2=52.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=round(eb2*n/eb1,0)\n",
-      "input_nl=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss_l=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_l\n",
-      "input_l=v*i2\n",
-      "output=input_l-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.36, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.37, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.22#A\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia0=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia0*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "per=(eb-eb0)*100/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",round(per,2),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 90.8 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= -4.19 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 244
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.38, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ebh=v-ia1*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(ebh*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "ta1=9.55*eb1*ia1/n\n",
-      "ta2=9.55*eb2*ia2/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in first case=\",ta1,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in second case=\",ta2,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1010.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque in first case= 57.11664 N-m\n",
-        "torque in second case= 110.3912768 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 247
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.39, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "eb1=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb2=v-(i-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(i-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.44 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 254
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.40, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=120*8\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "loss=810#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_shunt=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_loss_shunt\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque= 70.288 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 60.2946209124 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.1936 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 256
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.41, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1150#rpm\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "z=620\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=74.8#A\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i2\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eb*a*60/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "power=eb*ia\n",
-      "loss_rot=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "per=total_loss*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi*1000,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",loss_rot,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"total losses expressed as a percentage of power=\",per,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 9.07321178121 mWb\n",
-        "torque developed= 128.575818783 N-m\n",
-        "rotational losses= 562.952 W\n",
-        "total losses expressed as a percentage of power= 13.2759823297 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 263
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.42, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ra*ia**2\n",
-      "loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output*1000+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i2=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "input_m1=v*i2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100000/input_m1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((input_m-cu_loss_a)/ra)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "output_a=input_a-(cu_loss+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"output power at which efficiency is maximum=\",output_a/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 79.5621535016683 %\n",
-        "output power at which efficiency is maximum= 10.2179357944 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 271
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.43, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n2_by_n1=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "ia2_by_ia1=phi1_by_phi2=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "v2_by_v1=n2_by_n1*phi1_by_phi2\n",
-      "reduction_v=(1-v2_by_v1)*100\n",
-      "reduction_i=(1-ia2_by_ia1)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage=\",reduction_v,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage fall in the motor current=\",reduction_i,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage= 75.0 %\n",
-        "percentage fall in the motor current= 50.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 272
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.44, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "loss=900#W\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f+loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output/1000,\"Kw\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency==\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "useful torque= 206.28 N-m\n",
-        "output= 7.938 Kw\n",
-        "efficiency== 79.38 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.45, Page Number:1027"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "i=4#A\n",
-      "n=660#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "rf=270#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_a=loss=v*ia\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia1[0]*ra)\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((cu_loss+input_a)/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the current input=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current at which efficiency is maximum=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the current input= 90.2860908863713 A\n",
-        "speed= 623.0 rpm\n",
-        "armature current at which efficiency is maximum= 78.3156008298 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 280
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_BljETDD.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_BljETDD.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index aebdac51..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_BljETDD.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:7d0991402755fd2e3c1083bccec70e0a43143da000e9a99e70877269e1fdc43a"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 31: Testing of DC Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.1, Page Number:1092"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l=38.1#kg\n",
-      "d=63.53*0.01#cm\n",
-      "v=12#rps\n",
-      "i=49#A\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=d/2\n",
-      "torque=l*r*9.81\n",
-      "power=torque*2*3.14*v\n",
-      "motor_input=i*V\n",
-      "efficiency=power*100/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output power=\",round(power),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(efficiency),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output power= 8947.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 83.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(a), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "spring_b1=10.0#kg\n",
-      "spring_b2=35.0#kg\n",
-      "d=40*0.01#m\n",
-      "v=950.0#rpm\n",
-      "V=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=30.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "F=(spring_b2-spring_b1)*9.81\n",
-      "N=v/60\n",
-      "R=d/2\n",
-      "tsh=F*R\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*N\n",
-      "output=tsh*omega\n",
-      "motor_input=V*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 4877.205 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.28675 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(b), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "t1=2.9#kg\n",
-      "t2=0.17#kg\n",
-      "r=7*0.01#m\n",
-      "i=2.0#A\n",
-      "V=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "force=(t1-t2)*9.81\n",
-      "torque=force*r\n",
-      "output=torque*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(V*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",torque,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1.874691 N-m\n",
-        "output 294.326487 W\n",
-        "efficiency 63.984018913 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.3, Page Number:1095"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_noload=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=i-ish\n",
-      "culoss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_noload-culoss\n",
-      "ia=32-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(output/input_)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 70.1754545455 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.4, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/r\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "Ia=I-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=Ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_lossa\n",
-      "input_nl1=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_nl1-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_nl\n",
-      "Eb1=V-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=V-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "change=math.fabs((Eb1-Eb2)/Eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*10,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",change*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 16852.5 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 84.2625 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= 5.64617314931 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.5, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=44.76#kW\n",
-      "i=13.25#A\n",
-      "ish=2.55#A\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p_nl=v*i\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "bd_loss=2*ia\n",
-      "variable_loss=bd_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "w=p_nl-variable_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-p*1000-w-2*I-ra*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v\n",
-      "e=p*1000/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Full load current=\",round(il),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Full load efficiency=\",round(e*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Full load current= 226.0 A\n",
-        "Full load efficiency= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.6, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "o=17.158#kW\n",
-      "inpt=20.2#KW\n",
-      "rf=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "o2=7.46#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loss1=inpt*1000.0-o*1000.0\n",
-      "ic=inpt*1000.0/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=ic-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "const_loss=loss1-cu_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-o2*1000.0-(ra*I**2)-const_loss],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v/1000.0\n",
-      "e=o2*1000*100/(pin*1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(il),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 74.1 %\n",
-        "power input= 50.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.7, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92#kW\n",
-      "ia=6.5#A\n",
-      "ish=2.2#A\n",
-      "i=70.0#A\n",
-      "pd=3.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ic_nl=ia+ish\n",
-      "pi=v*ic_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*pd/i\n",
-      "const_loss=pi-cu_lossa\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*I+cu_loss-p*1000-const_loss-(pd/i)*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "ic=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=v*ic\n",
-      "e=p*1000*100/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.8, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=200*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i1=36.0#A\n",
-      "I1=12.0#A\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "pd=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=400.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ia=i1-I1\n",
-      "ra=pd/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_nl=v*i1\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "output_i=p/v\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/(p+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "output_i=p/(2*v)\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/((p/2+total_loss)*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at half load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at full load= 91.3736344667 %\n",
-        "efficiency at half load= 89.6559292335 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.9, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92*1000#W\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpn\n",
-      "rsh=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=78.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_=0.8*p/e\n",
-      "total_loss=input_-0.8*p\n",
-      "input_i=input_/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "ra=total_loss/(2*(ia**2))\n",
-      "Ia=i-ish\n",
-      "total_loss2=Ia**2*ra+total_loss/2\n",
-      "input__=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=(input__-total_loss2)*100/input__\n",
-      "Eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=v-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "n2=(n*Eb2)/Eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"r.p.m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 86.9450046554 %\n",
-        "speed= 678.443304738 r.p.m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.10(a), Page Number:1101"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#W\n",
-      "i2=90.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=p/v\n",
-      "efficiency=math.sqrt(i1/(i1+i2))*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.11, Page Number:1102"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "motor_i=100#A\n",
-      "shunt_i1=3#A\n",
-      "shunt_i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "cu_loss=500#W\n",
-      "cu_lossa=361#W\n",
-      "ia=85#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "mech_core_stray_loss=0.5*((v*i)-(motor_i**2*ra)-(ia**2*ra))\n",
-      "cu_motor=v*shunt_i1\n",
-      "generator_motor=v*shunt_i2\n",
-      "total_loss=mech_core_stray_loss+cu_motor+generator_motor\n",
-      "input_=v*i+cu_motor\n",
-      "output=v*ia*10**(-3)\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss*10**(-3)+1.07+0.36\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eficiency= 89.8045430534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.12, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "i=48#A\n",
-      "i1=3#a\n",
-      "i2=3.5#A\n",
-      "motor_i=230#A\n",
-      "ra=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "cu_loss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=motor_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i1\n",
-      "total_cu_lossm=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "arm_i=233-i+i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=arm_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=arm_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i2\n",
-      "total_cu_lossg=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#set\n",
-      "totalcu_loss=total_cu_lossm+total_cu_lossg\n",
-      "total_input=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_input-totalcu_loss\n",
-      "strayloss_per=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor efficiency\n",
-      "input_=233*v\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossm+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",e,\"%\"\n",
-      "#generator efficiency\n",
-      "input_=110*185\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossg+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "100\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.4590884705 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 88.5893642506 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.13, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable series\n",
-      "v=500.0#A\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#w\n",
-      "auxiliary_i=30.0#A\n",
-      "output_i=200.0#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "i2=1.8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.075#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=2.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_arm=output_i+auxiliary_i\n",
-      "motorarm_culoss=(motor_arm**2*ra)+(motor_arm*2)\n",
-      "motorfield_culoss=v*i2\n",
-      "generatorarm_culoss=(output_i**2*ra)+(output_i*2)\n",
-      "generatoefield_culoss=v*i1\n",
-      "total_culoss=motorarm_culoss+motorfield_culoss+generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss\n",
-      "power=v*auxiliary_i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-total_culoss\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "total_loss=generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss+permachine\n",
-      "output=v*output_i\n",
-      "e=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 93.1001175389 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.14, Page Number:1104"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "motor_i=400.0#A\n",
-      "i1=6.0#A\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(motor_i-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*motor_i)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(motor_i-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 92.3148148148 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 91.4642857143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 77
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.15, Page Number:1105"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ia=380.0#A\n",
-      "i1=5.0#A\n",
-      "i2=4.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(ia-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*ia)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.7038001041 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 95.2121212121 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.16, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "v2=190.0#V\n",
-      "t=30#sec\n",
-      "t2=20#sec\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "avg_i=i/2\n",
-      "power=avg_v*avg_i\n",
-      "W=power*(t2/(t-t2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Stray loss=\",W,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Stray loss= 4100.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 85
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.17, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "n1=1525.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1475.0#ohm\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "p=1000.0#W\n",
-      "t2=20.0#sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "N=(n1+n2)/2\n",
-      "w=p*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(w*dt)/((2*3.14/60)**2*N*dN)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Moment of Inertia=\",I,\"kg-m2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Moment of Inertia= 121.708791432 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.18, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "v2=225.0#V\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "t2=6.0#ohm\n",
-      "iavg=10.0#A\n",
-      "i2=25.0#A\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "w_=avg_v*iavg\n",
-      "W=w_*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "ish=v3/r\n",
-      "ia=i2-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_shunt=v3*ia\n",
-      "total_loss=W+cu_loss+v3\n",
-      "e=((v*i2)-total_loss)/(v*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "734.210526316\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.7564912281 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.19, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n1=1030#rpm\n",
-      "n2=970#rpm\n",
-      "t1=36#sec\n",
-      "t2=15#sec\n",
-      "t3=9#sec\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "v=219#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "W=v*i*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(W*t2)/((2*3.14/60)**2*n*dN)\n",
-      "Wm=W*t2/t1\n",
-      "iron_loss=W-Wm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)moment of inertia=\",I,\"kg.m2\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)mechanical losses=\",Wm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)moment of inertia= 74.9650087225 kg.m2\n",
-        "ii)iron loss= 1916.25 W\n",
-        "iii)mechanical losses= 1368.75 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.20, Page Number:1110"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "iam=56.0#A\n",
-      "vam=590.0#V\n",
-      "vdm=40.0#V\n",
-      "iag=44.0#A\n",
-      "vag=400.0#V\n",
-      "vdg=40.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_total=(vdm+vam)*iam\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "total_loss=input_total-output\n",
-      "rse=vdg/iam\n",
-      "cu_loss=((r+2*rse)*iam**2)+(iag**2*r)\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "permachine=strayloss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "inputm=vam*iam\n",
-      "culossm=(r+rse)*iam**2\n",
-      "totallossm=culossm+permachine\n",
-      "output=inputm-totallossm\n",
-      "em=output*100/inputm\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "inputg=vag*iag\n",
-      "culossg=(r)*iag**2\n",
-      "totalloss=culossg+permachine+(vdm*iam)\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "eg=output*100/(output+totalloss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",em,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",eg,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "motor efficiency= 72.6997578692 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 67.0220868241 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_BrFEmk0.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_BrFEmk0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6653720b..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_BrFEmk0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2354 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:102ba4bcb83ebd9f77c7c3f970c6e3d48b2bd31161c690d1b5c67b800706b1d0"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 29: D.C. Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.1, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#as generator \n",
-      "eg=v+i*r\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "eb=v-i*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"as generator:eg=\",eg,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"as motor:eb=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "as generator:eg= 230.0 V\n",
-        "as motor:eb= 210.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.2, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=Symbol('ia')\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "brush_drop=2#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n2=700#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=v/i\n",
-      "eg1=v+i*r+brush_drop\n",
-      "eg2=eg1*n2/n\n",
-      "ia=solve(eg2-2-ia*r-2.5*ia,ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to the load=\",ia[0],\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to the load= 69.7692307692308 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.3, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200#ohm\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "im=output*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=im-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "back emf= 425.642780749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.4, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#as generator\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "As generator: power= 26.12424 kW\n",
-        "As generator: power= 23.92376 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.5, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=32\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "ra=2.0#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=i+v/rf\n",
-      "eg=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eg*a*60/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "ia=i2-v/rf\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi,\"wb\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the machine=\",math.ceil(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 0.42375 wb\n",
-        "speed of the machine= 850.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.6, Page Number:1002"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=110#A\n",
-      "v=480#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "z=864\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 636.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 755.568 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.7, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=782\n",
-      "ra=rf=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 705.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 248.676 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.8, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=eb*ia\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"machanical power=\",pm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 79.5833333333 N-m\n",
-        "machanical power= 12500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.9, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=800\n",
-      "load=8.2#kW\n",
-      "ia=45#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "a=p/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=load*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 286.2 N-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 270.618131415 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.10, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=2*i\n",
-      "fb1=v-(i*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia2*ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/fb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when torque is doubled=\",n2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when torque is doubled= 476.19047619 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.11, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "ra=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2#v\n",
-      "i=1.8#A\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/v\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "il=ratio*il\n",
-      "ia=il-i\n",
-      "r=solve(ia*(r+ra)+vd-v,r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load shaft torque\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"total resistance=\",r[0],\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load line current= 124.333333333 A\n",
-        "full-load shaft torque 356.215 N-m\n",
-        "total resistance= 3.82420021762787 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.12, Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "output=5.595#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "phi=30*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",tsh*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 804.481481481 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed= 66.4182473183 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(a), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=20.0#kW\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "phi=0.04#Wb\n",
-      "z=160\n",
-      "il=95.0#A\n",
-      "inl=9.0#A\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ea0=v-(inl-i)*ra\n",
-      "n0=ea0*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "#load\n",
-      "ea=v-(il-i)*ra\n",
-      "n=ea*n0/ea0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load speed=\",n0,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"load speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load speed= 1030.5 rpm\n",
-        "load speed= 1014.375 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(b), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "i=400#A\n",
-      "n=350#rpm\n",
-      "phi=80*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "z=600*2\n",
-      "loss=0.03#percentage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=phi*z*n*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "pa=e*i\n",
-      "t=pa/(2*3.14*n/60)\n",
-      "t_net=0.97*t\n",
-      "bhp=t_net*36.67*0.001/0.746\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"brake-horse-power\",bhp,\"HP\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "brake-horse-power 291.551578696 HP\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(c), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=774\n",
-      "phi=24*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "t=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 295.3584 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(d), Page Number:1005"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ih=v/rf\n",
-      "pi=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=cu_loss=v*ih\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(il+ih)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_a+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 87.8312542029 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(e), Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delcration\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "loss=0.5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+loss*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output of the motor=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output of the motor= 7.82 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.14, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=400.0#N\n",
-      "d=10.0#cm\n",
-      "n=840#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1800#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=.80\n",
-      "d2=24.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "tsh=f*d*0.01/2\n",
-      "output=tsh*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "input_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "d1=n*d2/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the motor=\",round(i),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"size of motor pulley=\",d1,\"cm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the motor= 10.0 A\n",
-        "size of motor pulley= 11.2 cm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.15, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=280\n",
-      "ia=45.0#A\n",
-      "phi=18*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5+0.3#ohm\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "d=0.41\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*60*a/(phi*z*p*4)\n",
-      "inpt=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "f=tsh*2/d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pull at the rim of the pulley=\",f,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pull at the rim of the pulley= 628.016180845 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.16, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "output=11.19#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "i=1#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1#V\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output*1000/n\n",
-      "phi=eb*60*a*1000/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=ia*2\n",
-      "power=input_a-(cu_loss+brush_loss)\n",
-      "rotational_loss=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*(ia+i)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"total torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux/pole=\",phi,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",rotational_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "total torque= 112.2125 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 106.8645 N-m\n",
-        "flux/pole= 13.0555555556 mWb\n",
-        "rotational losses= 460.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.4215686275 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 106
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.17, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=30.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2_by_t1=i2**2/i**2\n",
-      "change=(1-t2_by_t1)*100#percentage\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in torque=\",change,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 679.127725857 rpm\n",
-        "percentage change in torque= 43.75 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.18, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "output=55.95#kW\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "I=252.8#kg-m2\n",
-      "ia1=1.4\n",
-      "ia2=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ia1+ia2)/2\n",
-      "n=n/60.0\n",
-      "tsh=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque_avg=(ia-1)*tsh\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque_avg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"approximate time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "approximate time to attain full speed= 46.4050282991 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.19, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "I=7.5#kg-m2\n",
-      "ratio=1.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=n/60\n",
-      "t=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque=(ratio-1)*t\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "time to attain full speed= 4.4055406613 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 138
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.20, Page Number:1009"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=944\n",
-      "phi=34.6*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ta=209.0#N-m\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=3.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=ta/(0.159*phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "ea=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=ea/(phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n*60,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 20.1219966813 A\n",
-        "speed= 403.798260345 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.21, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#v\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-ish)*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-(i2-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when loaded=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when loaded= 966.21078037 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.22, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=100#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=25#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.45\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor runs=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor runs= 1940.37940379 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.23, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115.0#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=2.5#A\n",
-      "n2=1120#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra*ia\n",
-      "x=n2*eb1/n1\n",
-      "ia2=solve((v-ra*ia2)-x,ia2)\n",
-      "ia=ia2[0]+(v/rf)\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",round(ia,1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(input_m,1),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 35.0 A\n",
-        "power input= 8050.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.24, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=100.0#kW\n",
-      "n1=300#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=10.0#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rf=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=power*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra+2*vd\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n1/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 278.796797778 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.25, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by whih armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia2=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n0=n*eb0/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n0/(eb0*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of machine=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of machine= 960.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.26, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ooutput=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb_inst=eb1*(1-ratio)\n",
-      "ia_inst=(v-eb_inst)/ra\n",
-      "t_inst=9.55*eb_inst*ia_inst/n\n",
-      "ia2=i/(1-ratio)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 93.75 A\n",
-        "speed= 1224.66216216 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 191
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.27, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#A\n",
-      "v2=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "input_m=8.0#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "il=input_m*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=il-ish\n",
-      "ra=v2/i2\n",
-      "eb0=v-ish*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss=ish**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=inpt-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_arm=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_arm\n",
-      "output=input_m*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_m*1000)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed on load=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "speed on load= 623.943661972 rpm\n",
-        "torque= 103.0636 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 197
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.28, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=11#kW\n",
-      "inl=5#A\n",
-      "n_nl=1150#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=v*inl\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=inl-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss_a+constant_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(load*1000)\n",
-      "eb_nl=v-(ia0*ra)\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=n_nl*eb/eb_nl\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque developed= 87.096 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.5361818182 %\n",
-        "the speed= 1031.57894737 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.29, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vb=3#V\n",
-      "rf=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ia=80.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when current is 100 A=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when current is 100 A= 473.949579832 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.30, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia1=i*math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*ia1)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor will run when developing half the torque=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when motor will run when developing half the torque= 1147.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.31, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25#A\n",
-      "v=450#V\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "phi=1.7*0.01*math.pow(ia,0.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=n*phi*z*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "iara=v-eb\n",
-      "ra=iara/ia\n",
-      "i=math.pow((phi*ia*math.sqrt(ia)/(phi*2)),2.0/3.0)\n",
-      "eb2=v/2-i*ra\n",
-      "phi2=1.7*0.01*math.pow(i,0.5)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*phi*n/(eb*phi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor will run=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor will run= 372.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 224
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.32, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def f(ia,t):\n",
-      "    n=(v*ia-ia**2*ra)*60/(2*3.14*t)\n",
-      "    return(n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "n1=f(20.0,128.8)\n",
-      "n2=f(30.0,230.5)\n",
-      "n3=f(40.0,349.8)\n",
-      "n4=f(50.0,469.2)\n",
-      "T=[128.8,230.5,349.8,469.2]\n",
-      "N=[n1,n2,n3,n4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(T,N)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Torque(NM.m)\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Speed(rpm)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,500))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,800))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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bJA3a2e9iVslBYf1eRDwdEUdHxNHAxcD30/tjImJLV/tJqvb//z8A3B3ZDLeQ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\nRK5CYII=\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dc6a50>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.33, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=5.968#kW\n",
-      "n=700#rpm\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "n2=600#rpm\n",
-      "ra=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "loss=450#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fp(i,v):\n",
-      "    p=5.968*((n2*(v1-i*ra)/(v*n))**2)\n",
-      "    return(p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fm(i,v):\n",
-      "    m=((v1-i*ra)*i-loss)/1000\n",
-      "    return(m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=fp(7.0,347.0)\n",
-      "p2=fp(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "p3=fp(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "p4=fp(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "m1=fm(7.0,347.8)\n",
-      "m2=fm(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "m3=fm(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "m4=fm(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "I=[7,10.5,14,27.5]\n",
-      "P=[p1,p2,p3,p4]\n",
-      "M=[m1,m2,m3,m4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,P)\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,M)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Current\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Power(kW)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,30))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,12))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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TpkHnzjBqFHToEHY1qWfjto3cPfVunpr1FDe2uZF+x/WjcoXKYZclaSLeYwBVgSuAfsAh\n7h6X688VAMntww/h/PPhtdeCOYSkcO7Oa4tf44YJN9CuXjsGnzKYg/Y+KOyyJM2UdQtgH34/A6gN\n0AL4gt9PCX29dOXucr0KgCQ3eTJcdBG88Qa01Rxku7VwxUL6jO3D6s2rebTTo5xY78SwS5I0VdYB\nsJJg0Hc6MA34zN03lbrKwopSAKSEiRPhb3+Dt96C444Lu5rks3bLWgZlDuKlBS9xR/s76N66OxXK\naf5FiZ+yvifwAe5+FvCKu3+Y/+AfmyBOIuzUU2H48GBgeObMsKtJHnmTth059Eg2ZW9i0XWL6Pnn\nnjr4S9Ip0hiAmc0Gznb3H2LP2wND3b1JXIpSCyClvP02XHUVjB0LLVuGXU24Zi6bSe+xvQF47IzH\naF27dcgVSZTEZRA49m3/CeBMoCVwD3Cmu39f0kILWZ8CIMWMGQM9esD48dC8edjVJN7KjSsZ+P5A\n3vniHe7pcA9dm3fVpG2ScMUNgCK1Sd19ppn1ASYS3A/gVHdfUcIaJQ116QI5OdCxYzA20CQubcPk\nk5Obw5OfPcmdH9zJpU0vZUnPJZq0TVJGYfcDeHuHRVWAtcCw2Ld0TQwgv7nggiAETjstuOH8kUeG\nXVF8ffjth/R6rxc1qtYgs1smRx1wVNgliRRLYS2A+wtY5oDFfov8wcUXByFwyinBqaING4ZdUdlb\ntm4ZN068kY+++4j7T7uf8xufr0nbJCUVFgAfunvu7l5gZuUKe41Ey2WXQXZ2EAJTpsBhh4VdUdnY\nmrOVBz95kCHTh3Bt62t55qxnqFapWthliZRYYQEw2cxGA//Nf9tHM6tEcFvIbsAU4PnirNTM9gWe\nBY4iaElc4e6fFOczJLldcUXQEujQATIzg9tNprKxX4yl77i+NKrRiE+v+pQG1RuEXZJIqRUWAJ0I\npn542cwOJej/3wMoD0wAHizhXcEeBt5z9/PNrAKgr1Fp6JprghA4+eQgBOrVC7ui4vvql6/oP74/\nWauyeLjjw5xxuKZClfRR5LmAYt/6awCb3X1NiVcYTC8xx913Oe+tTgNNL488Av/+Nzz+OJxzTtjV\nFM2m7E3cM/UenvjsCW5ocwP9j+uvSdsk6ZX5dQCxb+gL3b1RaYuLfd7RwFPAYqA5weyifXe4ylgB\nkGY++ACuvhpatAgCoWbNsCsqmLszOms010+4njZ123DfqfdRZ+86YZclUiRlfh2Au+eY2edmVs/d\nvy1deb+tsyXQK3Z9wUPAzcDt+V80aNCg3x5nZGSQkZFRBquWsLRvH9xe8s47oVkzuO++YLA4mU6e\nWbxyMb3H9mbFxhUM7zycjPoZYZcksluZmZlkZmaW+P1FvRJ4KsFMoDOAvJvClOg6ADOrRXAvgUNi\nz9sCN7v7mfleoxZAGps9G668Eg44AJ56CurXD7eeX7f8yp0f3MnI+SO5/cTb6XFMD83bIykpLlcC\nA7cVsKxER2h3/9nMvjezI9x9KXAKsKgknyWpqWVLmDED7r8fWreG226DXr2gfFzuLrF7Y7LG0PO9\nnpxx+Bksum4RB1Q7IPFFiISkOIPA9YHD3H1S7MYwFdx9XYlWatac4DTQSsBXwOXu/mu+v6sFEBGf\nfx6MDWRnw7Bh0LhxYtb765Zf6TOuD9O+m8aILiNoU7dNYlYsEkdlPR103odeA7xGMHgLUAcYU/zy\nAu4+z92Pcffm7n5u/oO/REvDhsEpot26BeME//gHbNsW33VO/noyzZ5sRtUKVZl77Vwd/CWyijoG\nMI/gnsCfuHuL2LIF7t40LkWpBRBJ338fzCj67bdBa+DPfy7bz9+cvZmB7w/k1cWv8uxZz9Lp8E5l\nuwKRkMWlBQBsdfet+VZSAc0FJGWsbt3g3gIDBwY3mRkwADZuLPx9RTH7p9m0fqY1y9YvY/6183Xw\nF6HoAfCBmd0KVDWzUwm6g3acKVSk1MyCCeUWLoQVK6Bp02Bm0ZLKyc3hrg/vouOLHbm13a28cv4r\n/Knqn8quYJEUVtQuoHLAVcBpsUXjgWfj1U+jLiDJ8957cO21we0nhwyB/fYr+nuXrl5K1zFd2avy\nXjx/zvO6oEvSXry6gE4CRrr7+bGfZ3SElkQ44wxYtAiqVAluMvPGG4W/x915fObjtBnWhkubXcr4\nS8fr4C9SgKK2AEYAxwFrgA9jPx+VZk6gQtanfJGdfPRRcO/ho46Cxx6DAw/c+TXL1i3jireuYM3m\nNYzsMpKGNdLwhgQiuxCXFoC7d3X3I4AuwPfAUGBlyUoUKZm2bWHuXGjUKLjv8HPPQf7vCaMWjqLl\n0y1pU6cN066YpoO/SCGK2gK4DGgLNCM48H9E0AKYHpei1AKQQsydG0wnUb06/PuRX7hvcU/m/jyX\nkV1G0rp267DLEwlFmc8GGvvQ1QRX7D4BZLr71yUvsQhFKQCkCHJy4Noh43l+9ZWcUP083ut/L3vu\nUSXsskRCE69B4BoEN4bZA/iXmc0wsxdLUqBIWdi4bSN9x/dkQuWree7s4ZQb/zAd2ldh4cKwKxNJ\nHUUNgL2Ag4F6QH1gX0D3AZZQfPLDJ7R4qgXrtq1jfo/5dGvXgcmTgy6hk06CO+6ArVsL/xyRqCtq\nF9B8YBowleBG8T/EtSh1AUkBsrdn848P/sEzs5/hsTMe4/zG5+/0mmXL4Lrr4Msvg+kkjjsuhEJF\nQhKXMYB8H74XwX0ANpSkuGKsRwEgf7B45WIuG3MZtfasxbNnPcuBexVwDmiMO7z2GvTtCxdeCHfd\nBXvumcBiRUISr9lAm5rZHIJ5+xeb2Swza1LSIkWKKtdzefDjBznx+RPp3qo771z8zm4P/hBMJ/HX\nvwbTSaxZE0wnMWFCggoWSSFF7QL6GBjo7lNizzOAu909LvPoqgUgAN/9+h1/f/PvbN2+lRGdR9Cg\neoMSfc64ccF0EhkZ8MADwamjIukoXmcBVc07+AO4eyZQrZi1iRSJuzN87nBaPd2K0xqcxod//7DE\nB3+Ajh1hwQLYe+9gOonXXvvjBWQiUVXUFsCbwCxgJGDA34BW7t4lLkWpBRBZKzeupPs73fnily8Y\n2WUkR9c6ukw/f/r04GyhRo1g6FCoXbtMP14kVPFqAVwOHAC8AYwG9ie4LkCkzLyz9B2aP9mcw6of\nxmdXf1bmB3+ANm2Cq4ibNg2mk3j2WbUGJLp22wIwsyrAtcBhwHzgOXfPjntRagFEyvqt6xkwfgCT\nvp7E8M7DObHeiQlZ7/z5QWsgNxfatYNmzYJQaNw4mH1UJNWU6WmgZvYqsI1g7p+OwLfu3rfUVRZW\nlAIgMqZ+O5Vub3bj5ENO5oHTH2DvynsndP05OcE9iefOhXnzglBYuhQOOeT3QMj7fdBBwRlGIsmq\nrAPgt/v+xm4DOTPvnsDxpABIf1tztnL7lNsZOX8kT575JGc3PDvskn6zbRssWfJ7IOT9zs4OwiB/\nMBx1lFoLkjzKOgDm5D/g7/g8XhQA6W3ez/O4bMxlNKjegKfPfJr9q+0fdklFsnz5HwNh3rygtVC/\n/h9bCs2aQZ06ai1I4pV1AGwHNuVbVAXYHHvs7h6X9roCID1tz93OkOlDGPLxEIacOoSuzbtiKX6U\nzGst7BgM27bt3IWk1oLEW1yngkgUBUD6+d+a/9F1TFcqlq/IC+e8QL1964VdUlzltRbyB8PSpVCv\n3s7BoNaClBUFgCQVd2f4vOHcOPFGBrYdSN/j+lLOinr2cXrZtg0+/3znsYWtW3ceW2jSRK0FKT4F\ngCSNdVvX0ePdHsz9eS6jzhtF05pNwy4pKa1YsXMX0uefB62F5s3VWpCiUwBIUpi5bCYXj76YDod0\n4MGOD1K1YtWwS0op2dkFn4mUv7WQf2yhqv7zCgoACVmu5/LAxw8weNpghp4xlAuOuiDsktJKXmsh\nfyh8/jkcfPDOYwt166q1EDUpEwBmVh74DPjB3c/a4W8KgBS0YuMKur3ZjV+3/MpL571E/X3rh11S\nJGRn7zy2MG8ebNlS8JlIai2kr1QKgAFAK2Avdz97h78pAFLMpP9Notub3ejWvBt3ZtxJxfIVwy4p\n8tRaiJ6UCAAzqwO8APwLGKAWQOrK3p7N7VNuZ8T8EYzoPIIOh3YIuyTZjYJaC/Pnw+bNBZ+JpNZC\nakmVAHgNuBvYG7hBAZCavln7DRePvpj99tiPFzq/wAHVDgi7JCmhlSsLPhOpbt2dr3I++GC1FpJV\ncQOgQjyLKYiZnQmscPc5sTuLFWjQoEG/Pc7IyCAjY5cvlRC8tug1er7Xk5tOuIn+x/eP7Ln96WL/\n/aFDh+AnT15rIS8QHn88+L1pU8FjC9V0i6iEy8zMJDMzs8TvT3gLwMzuBi4DcoA9CFoBo929a77X\nqAWQpDZlb6LfuH5M/noyo84fRevarcMuSRIsr7WQv8WwZEnQWtgxGNRaSKyU6AL6beVm7VEXUMpY\nuGIhF75+IS1qteDxvzye8KmbJXllZwdTXew4trBxY8FjC2otxEcqBsD1Ogsoubk7T816itum3JY2\nk7hJYqxcGdyPOX8wLFkSXNG849hCvXpqLZRWSgXArigAkseazWu4+u2r+WrNV4w6bxQNazQMuyRJ\ncbtrLeTdqjMvGNRaKB4FgJSZad9N429v/I1zGp7D4FMHU7lC5bBLkjS2atXOYwtZWUFrYcexBbUW\nCqYAkFLbnrudez+6l0dnPMozZz3DWQ3PKvxNInGQk7Nza2HePNiwYedQUGtBASCl9OP6H7n0jUvJ\n9Vz+c+5/OGjvg8IuSWQnai0UTAEgJfbu0ne58q0rue6Y67i13a2UL1c+7JJEiqyg1sL8+bB+/c5n\nIjVtmp6tBQWAFNvWnK3c8v4tjM4azYtdXqRdvXZhlyRSZlat2vlMpKwsOOignc9Eql8/tVsLCgAp\nli9Wf8FFoy/i4H0OZtjZw6hepXrYJYnEXV5rYcfpL9avL/hMpD33DLviolEASJGNnDeSARMGcGfG\nnfRo3UPn9kvkrV6989jC4sVBa2HHsYVkbC0oAKRQ67eup+d7Pfnsx88Ydf4omtVsFnZJIkkrJwe+\n+GLnsYV164LWwo5jC2G2FhQAsluzf5rNRa9fxIn1TuThjg9TrVIajoSJJMDq1TuPLSxeDLVr/x4I\n55wDRx+duJoUAFIgd+fhTx/m7ql382inR7mwyYVhlySSdvJaC3mB0LYtnHFG4tavAJCdrNy4ksv/\nezkrN63k5fNe5tD9Dg27JBGJg+IGgCZxT3NTvp5Ci6dacNT+R/HR5R/p4C8iv0n4DWEkMXJyc7gz\n806GzRnGC51f4LQGp4VdkogkGQVAGvru1++4ZPQlVKtUjTnd51Bzz5phlyQiSUhdQGnmjaw3OOaZ\nYzi74dmM/dtYHfxFZJfUAkgTm7M3c/2E6xn35Tjeuugtjq1zbNgliUiSUwCkiVk/zWLtlrXM6T6H\nffbYJ+xyRCQF6DRQEZE0odNARUSkSBQAIiIRpQAQEYkoBYCISEQpAEREIkoBICISUQoAEZGIUgCI\niESUAkBEJKIUACIiEZXwADCzumY2xcwWmdlCM+uT6BpERCSEuYDMrBZQy93nmtmewCygs7tn5XuN\n5gISESmmpJ8LyN1/dve5sccbgCygdqLrEBGJulDHAMysPtAC+DTMOkREoii0AIh1/7wO9I21BERE\nJIFCuSGMmVUERgMvuvubBb1m0KBBvz3OyMggIyMjIbWJiKSKzMxMMjMzS/z+MAaBDRgOrHb3/rt4\njQaBRUSKqbiDwGEEQFvgQ2A+kLfyW9x9XL7XKABERIop6QOgKBQAIiLFl/SngYqISHJQAIiIRJQC\nQEQkohQAIiIRpQAQEYkoBYCISEQpAEREIkoBICISUQoAEZGIUgCIiESUAkBEJKIUACIiEaUAEBGJ\nKAWAiEhEKQBERCJKASAiElEKABGRiFIAiIhElAJARCSiFAAiIhGlABARiSgFgIhIRCkAREQiSgEg\nIhJRCgARkYhSAIiIRJQCQEQkohQAIiIRFUoAmFlHM1tiZl+Y2U1h1CAiEnUJDwAzKw88BnQEGgMX\nm9mRia4jTJmZmWGXEFfpvH3pvG2g7YuaMFoAfwa+dPdv3D0bGAWcE0IdoUn3/wnTefvSedtA2xc1\nYQTAQcC/vEDRAAAFQElEQVT3+Z7/EFsmIiIJFEYAeAjrFBGRHZh7Yo/HZnYcMMjdO8ae3wLkuvu/\n871GISEiUgLubkV9bRgBUAH4HOgA/AjMAC5296yEFiIiEnEVEr1Cd88xs17AeKA8MEwHfxGRxEt4\nC0BERJJD0l0JnO4XiZnZN2Y238zmmNmMsOspDTN7zsyWm9mCfMuqm9lEM1tqZhPMbN8wayyNXWzf\nIDP7Ibb/5phZxzBrLA0zq2tmU8xskZktNLM+seVpsQ93s30pvw/NbA8z+9TM5sa2bVBsebH2XVK1\nAGIXiX0OnAIsA2aSZuMDZvY10Mrdfwm7ltIys3bABmCEuzeNLRsMrHL3wbEA38/dbw6zzpLaxfbd\nAax39wdCLa4MmFktoJa7zzWzPYFZQGfgctJgH+5m+/5KGuxDM6vq7pti46ofAX2B8yjGvku2FkBU\nLhIr8ih9MnP3qcCaHRafDQyPPR5O8A8uJe1i+yB99t/P7j439ngDkEVwTU5a7MPdbB+kwT50902x\nh5WAigSn2Bdr3yVbAEThIjEHJpnZZ2Z2ddjFxEFNd18ee7wcqBlmMXHS28zmmdmwVO0e2ZGZ1Qda\nAJ+Shvsw3/Z9EluU8vvQzMqZ2VyCfTTB3WdQzH2XbAGQPP1R8XOCu7cAOgE9Y90MacmD/sV026dP\nAIcARwM/AfeHW07pxbpHRgN93X19/r+lwz6Mbd/rBNu3gTTZh+6e6+5HA3WAY82syQ5/L3TfJVsA\nLAPq5ntel6AVkDbc/afY75XAGIJur3SyPNb3ipkdCKwIuZ4y5e4rPAZ4lhTff2ZWkeDgP9Ld34wt\nTpt9mG/7XszbvnTbh+7+KzAFOJ1i7rtkC4DPgMPNrL6ZVQIuBN4KuaYyY2ZVzWyv2ONqwGnAgt2/\nK+W8BXSLPe4GvLmb16ac2D+qPF1I4f1nZgYMAxa7+0P5/pQW+3BX25cO+9DMauR1XZlZFeBUgjGO\nYu27pDoLCMDMOgEP8ftFYveEXFKZMbNDCL71Q3AR3n9SefvM7GWgPVCDoL/xduC/wKvAwcA3wF/d\nfW1YNZZGAdt3B5BB0HXgwNdA93x9rinFzNoCHwLz+b2r4BaCq/NTfh/uYvsGAheT4vvQzJoSDPKW\nJ/gi/4q732Vm1SnGvku6ABARkcRIti4gERFJEAWAiEhEKQBERCJKASAiElEKABGRiFIAiIhElAJA\nIsPMapnZKDP7MjYX07tmdngC19/ezI5P1PpECqMAkEiIXRU6Bpjs7oe5e2uCi56KNNGZmZXb3fMi\nOgloU4L3icSFAkCi4iRgm7s/nbfA3ecDFczs7bxlZvaYmXWLPf7GzO41s1nABQU8P83MppvZLDN7\nNTa9R977BsWWzzezhrHZKLsD/WM3IWmbuE0XKZgCQKKiCcENQQqTfwZFJ7i5Rit3fyX/c+B94Fag\nQ+z5LGBAvvetjC1/ArjB3b8BngQecPcW7v5RGW2XSIkl/KbwIiEp6Zwnr+zi+XFAY2B60LtEJWB6\nvte9Efs9Gzg33/KUvxGJpA8FgETFIuD8Apbn8MeWcJUd/r5xN88nuvslu1jf1tjv7ejfmSQpdQFJ\nJLj7ZKBy/ruwmVkzgm/kjc2sUmx63ZOL+JGfAieYWYPYZ1UrwhlF64G9il+9SHwoACRKugCnxE4D\nXQj8i+COUK8CCwm6d2bv5v2/dSPFbujzd+BlM5tH0P3TcBfvyXvf20CX2CDwCaXcFpFS03TQIiIR\npRaAiEhEKQBERCJKASAiElEKABGRiFIAiIhElAJARCSiFAAiIhGlABARiaj/D6p919PNp3KzAAAA\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dfd050>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.34, Page Number:1022"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "ia=3.5#A\n",
-      "ib=4.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "loss=v*i\n",
-      "#B unexcited\n",
-      "loss1=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "#B excited\n",
-      "loss2=v*(ib-i)\n",
-      "loss=loss2-loss1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"iron losses of B=\",loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "iron losses of B= 500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.35, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=5.0#A\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "i2=52.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=round(eb2*n/eb1,0)\n",
-      "input_nl=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss_l=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_l\n",
-      "input_l=v*i2\n",
-      "output=input_l-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.36, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.37, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.22#A\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia0=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia0*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "per=(eb-eb0)*100/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",round(per,2),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 90.8 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= -4.19 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 244
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.38, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ebh=v-ia1*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(ebh*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "ta1=9.55*eb1*ia1/n\n",
-      "ta2=9.55*eb2*ia2/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in first case=\",ta1,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in second case=\",ta2,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1010.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque in first case= 57.11664 N-m\n",
-        "torque in second case= 110.3912768 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 247
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.39, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "eb1=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb2=v-(i-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(i-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.44 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 254
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.40, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=120*8\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "loss=810#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_shunt=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_loss_shunt\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque= 70.288 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 60.2946209124 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.1936 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 256
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.41, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1150#rpm\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "z=620\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=74.8#A\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i2\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eb*a*60/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "power=eb*ia\n",
-      "loss_rot=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "per=total_loss*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi*1000,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",loss_rot,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"total losses expressed as a percentage of power=\",per,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 9.07321178121 mWb\n",
-        "torque developed= 128.575818783 N-m\n",
-        "rotational losses= 562.952 W\n",
-        "total losses expressed as a percentage of power= 13.2759823297 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 263
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.42, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ra*ia**2\n",
-      "loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output*1000+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i2=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "input_m1=v*i2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100000/input_m1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((input_m-cu_loss_a)/ra)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "output_a=input_a-(cu_loss+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"output power at which efficiency is maximum=\",output_a/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 79.5621535016683 %\n",
-        "output power at which efficiency is maximum= 10.2179357944 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 271
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.43, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n2_by_n1=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "ia2_by_ia1=phi1_by_phi2=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "v2_by_v1=n2_by_n1*phi1_by_phi2\n",
-      "reduction_v=(1-v2_by_v1)*100\n",
-      "reduction_i=(1-ia2_by_ia1)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage=\",reduction_v,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage fall in the motor current=\",reduction_i,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage= 75.0 %\n",
-        "percentage fall in the motor current= 50.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 272
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.44, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "loss=900#W\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f+loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output/1000,\"Kw\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency==\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "useful torque= 206.28 N-m\n",
-        "output= 7.938 Kw\n",
-        "efficiency== 79.38 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.45, Page Number:1027"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "i=4#A\n",
-      "n=660#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "rf=270#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_a=loss=v*ia\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia1[0]*ra)\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((cu_loss+input_a)/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the current input=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current at which efficiency is maximum=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the current input= 90.2860908863713 A\n",
-        "speed= 623.0 rpm\n",
-        "armature current at which efficiency is maximum= 78.3156008298 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 280
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_CcK6hTx.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_CcK6hTx.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f35c124e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_CcK6hTx.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1233 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:fc88e8a107629d62ff7c77f84f67a9d9da67e1160053ed6d930ef88cb4cc11d6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 27: Armature Reaction and Commutation"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.1, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=722\n",
-      "ia=100.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=8.0#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 802.222222222\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 3710.27777778\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.2, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=1280\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "commuter=160\n",
-      "advanced_segments=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/8\n",
-      "theta_m=advanced_segments*360/commuter\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 800.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1200.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(a), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=880\n",
-      "ia=120.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=3.0#degrees\n",
-      "n=1100#tturns/pole\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "iadditional=(atd_perpole/n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"b)cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"c)additional field current=\",iadditional,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)armature demagnetization= 440.0 AT\n",
-        "b)cross-magnetization= 6160.0 AT\n",
-        "c)additional field current= 0.4 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(b), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=480\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0*2#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/4\n",
-      "total=(z*i)/(2*p)\n",
-      "atd_perpole=total*(2*theta_m/180)\n",
-      "atc_perpole=total*(1-(2*theta_m/180))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 500.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1750.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.4, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=492\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0\n",
-      "ia=143.0+10.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=ia/2#wave wound\n",
-      "i2=ia/4#lap wound\n",
-      "atd_perpole1=z*i1*theta_m/360#wave wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt1=atd_perpole1/theta_m\n",
-      "atd_perpole2=z*i2*(theta_m/360.0)#lap wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt2=atd_perpole2/theta_m\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"wave wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole1,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt1)\n",
-      "print \"lap wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole2,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "wave wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 1045.5 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 104\n",
-        "lap wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 522.75 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 52\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.5, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "p=50*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "z=400\n",
-      "commuter=4\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "segments=z/a\n",
-      "theta=pole*360.0/segments\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360)\n",
-      "extra=atd/ish\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"demagnetisation=\",atd,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt turns/poles\",extra"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "demagnetisation= 820.0 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt turns/poles 164.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.6, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "theta=10.0#degrees\n",
-      "lambda_=1.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*p))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "atd=z*i*theta/360\n",
-      "extra=lambda_*atd/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)cross magnetization ampere-turns=\",atc\n",
-      "print \"ii)back ampere-turns\",atd\n",
-      "print \"iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns\",int(extra)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)cross magnetization ampere-turns= 2777.77777778\n",
-        "ii)back ampere-turns 1388.88888889\n",
-        "iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns 9\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.7, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=22.38#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "z=840\n",
-      "commutator=140\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ish=1.8#A\n",
-      "back=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=p*1000.0/efficiency\n",
-      "input_i=motor_input/v\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2.0\n",
-      "theta=back*360/commutator\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360.0)\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*pole))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole=\",atd\n",
-      "print \"distorting amp-turns/pole=\",atc"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole= 251.998140496\n",
-        "distorting amp-turns/pole= 2687.98016529\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.8, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ia=1000#A\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "z=860\n",
-      "per=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "at=per/p*z*(i/2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"AT/pole for compensation winding=\",at"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "AT/pole for compensation winding= 3010.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.9, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "segment=123\n",
-      "wb=3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=n/60.0*segment\n",
-      "commutation=wb/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commutation time=\",commutation*1000,\"millisecond\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commutation time= 1.82926829268 millisecond\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.10, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "d=30#cm\n",
-      "ia=150#A\n",
-      "wb=1.25#cm\n",
-      "L=0.07*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "v=3.14*d*(n/60)\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 19.782 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.11, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "segments=55\n",
-      "n=900\n",
-      "wb=1.74\n",
-      "L=153*math.pow(10,-6)#H\n",
-      "i=27#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=segments*n/60\n",
-      "Tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/Tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 3.91732758621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.12, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "z=64\n",
-      "wb=1.2\n",
-      "L=0.05#mH\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "L=L*0.001\n",
-      "v=n/60*z\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "#i.linear\n",
-      "E1=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "#ii.sinusoidal\n",
-      "E2=1.11*E1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Linear commutation,E=\",E1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Sinosoidal commutation,E=\",E2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Linear commutation,E= 5.0 V\n",
-        "Sinosoidal commutation,E= 5.55 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.13, Page Number:951"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "B=0.5#Wb/m2\n",
-      "Ig=4.0#mm\n",
-      "ia=500.0#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "arm_mmf=z*(ia/p)/(2*p)\n",
-      "compole=int(B*Ig*0.001/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)))\n",
-      "mag=0.1*compole\n",
-      "total_compole=int(compole+mag)\n",
-      "total_mmf=arm_mmf+total_compole\n",
-      "Ncp=total_mmf/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of turns on each commutating pole=\",int(Ncp)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of turns on each commutating pole= 11\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.14, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p1=100.0#kW\n",
-      "V1=250#V\n",
-      "p2=300.0#kW\n",
-      "V2=250#V\n",
-      "i1=200#A\n",
-      "i2=500#A\n",
-      "il=600#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "delI1=p1/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "delI2=p2/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load=\",delI1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load=\",delI2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load= 150.0 A\n",
-        "Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load= 450.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 92
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.15, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v_nl1=270#V\n",
-      "v_l=220#V\n",
-      "il1=35#A\n",
-      "v_nl2=280#V\n",
-      "il2=50#A\n",
-      "il=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v_nl1-v_l\n",
-      "vd_pa=vd1/il1#voltage drop per ampere\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd_pa2=(v_nl2-v_l)/il2\n",
-      "#270=(10/7)i1=280-1.2*i2\n",
-      "ans=solve([4.2*i2-5*i1-35,i1+i2-60],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v_nl2-vd_pa2*ans[i2]\n",
-      "o1=v*ans[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=v*ans[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output current of first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1)\n",
-      "print \"output current of second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1)\n",
-      "print \"output of first machine=\",round(o1,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second machine=\",round(o2,1),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output current of first machine= 23.6\n",
-        "output current of second machine= 36.4\n",
-        "output of first machine= 5.7 kW\n",
-        "output of second machine= 8.9 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.16, Page Number:958"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rf=20#ohm\n",
-      "i=4000#A\n",
-      "v1=210#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#V+(i1+v/20)*0.01=210\n",
-      "#V+(i2+v/20)*0.01=220\n",
-      "#solving the above two equations we have i1-i2=1000\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1-i2-1000,i1+i2-4000],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=solve([v1-(ans[i1]+v/20)*0.01-v],[v])\n",
-      "o1=V[v]*ans[i1]/1000\n",
-      "o2=V[v]*ans[i2]/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",V[v],\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"output of first generator=\",o1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second generator=\",o2,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Bus bar voltage= 184.907546226887 V\n",
-        "output of first generator= 462.268865567216 kW\n",
-        "output of second generator= 277.361319340330 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.17, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "i=250.0#A\n",
-      "v1=50.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=100.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.06\n",
-      "r2=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v*r1\n",
-      "il1=v1*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d1=vd1/il1\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd2=v*r2\n",
-      "il2=v2*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d2=vd2/il2\n",
-      "#3i1/10=i2/10\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1+i2-i,3*i1-i2],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v-(3*ans[i1]/10)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(v,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to first machine= 62.5 A\n",
-        "current delivered to second machine= 187.5 A\n",
-        "terminal voltage= 481.3 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.18, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x1=Symbol('x1')\n",
-      "x2=Symbol('x2')\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "w1=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=119.0#V\n",
-      "w2=200.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=116.0#V\n",
-      "i=3500.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-119)(x1/100)] for generator 1\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-116)(x2/100)] for generator 2\n",
-      "#(250x1*1000/100)+(200x2*1000/100)=v*3500\n",
-      "#v=125-6x1/100\n",
-      "ans=solve([(250.0*x1*1000.0/100.0)+(200.0*(2.0*x1*1000.0)/300.0)-((125.0-((6.0*x1)/100.0))*3500.0)],[x1])\n",
-      "V=v-(6.0*ans[x1]/100.0)\n",
-      "ans2=solve([V-(v-((v-v2)*(x2/100.0)))],[x2])\n",
-      "ratio=ans[x1]/ans2[x2]\n",
-      "I=solve([ratio-((i1*w2)/(i2*w1)),i1+i2-i],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(I[i1],0),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(I[i2],0),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 2283.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 1217.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.19, Page Number:960"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "IA=Symbol('IA')\n",
-      "IB=Symbol('IB')\n",
-      "va1=240.0#V\n",
-      "va2=220.0#v\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "vb1=245.0#V\n",
-      "vb2=220.0#V\n",
-      "ib=150.0#A\n",
-      "i=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=solve([(va1-((va1-va2)*IA/ia))-(vb1-((vb1-vb2)*IB/ib)),IA+IB-i],[IA,IB])\n",
-      "vbus=va1-((va1-va2)*I[IA]/ia)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",round(I[IA],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",round(I[IB],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"V bus=\",round(vbus,2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 168.75 A\n",
-        "IB= 131.25 A\n",
-        "V bus= 223.13 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.20, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "n=5.0#number ofshunt generators\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "incr=0.04#increase in current\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=p/n\n",
-      "o=load*1000.0/v\n",
-      "a_drop=ra*o\n",
-      "emf=v+a_drop\n",
-      "incr=incr*emf\n",
-      "emf1=emf+incr\n",
-      "#emf1-ra*i1=V\n",
-      "#emf-ra*i2=V\n",
-      "I=solve([emf1-emf-ra*(i1-i2),i1+4.1*i2-510],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=I[i1]+4.0*I[i2]#V=i1+4*i2\n",
-      "o1=V*I[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=V*I[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power output of first machine=\",round(o1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output of second machine=\",round(o2,2),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage=\",round(V),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power output of first machine= 133.0 kW\n",
-        "Power output of second machine= 30.24 kW\n",
-        "Terminal voltage= 504.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.21, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "i=1500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "emf1=400.0#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "emf2=440.0#V\n",
-      "rs1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs2=80.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#i2=1500-i1\n",
-      "#ish1=v/100, ish2=v/80\n",
-      "#ia1=i1+v/100, ia2=i2+v/80\n",
-      "ans=solve([(0.5/0.04)-((emf1-1.005*V)/(1.0005*V-380))],[V])\n",
-      "i1=(emf1-1.005*ans[V])/0.5\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "o1=ans[V]*i1/1000\n",
-      "o2=ans[V]*i2/1000\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage=\",round(ans[V],2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 33.86 A\n",
-        "I2= 1466.14 A\n",
-        "Terminal Voltage= 381.16 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.22, Page Number:962"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v1=250#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "rf1=100#ohm\n",
-      "v2=248#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "rf2=100#ohm\n",
-      "i=40#A\n",
-      "ir=0.172#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([V+((I+V/rf1)*ra1)-v1,V+((I+V/rf2)*ra2)-v2],[I,V])\n",
-      "ib=i-2*ans[I]\n",
-      "vd=ib*ir\n",
-      "eb=ans[V]+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf of battery=\",round(eb),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of battery= 248.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.23, Page Number:963"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=400#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "vb=410#V\n",
-      "rb=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "V=390#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loada=(va-V)/ra\n",
-      "loadb=(vb-V)/rb\n",
-      "pa=loada*V\n",
-      "pb=loadb*V\n",
-      "net_v=vb-va\n",
-      "total_r=ra+rb\n",
-      "i=net_v/total_r\n",
-      "terminal_v=va+(i*ra)\n",
-      "power_AtoB=terminal_v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",terminal_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power=\",power_AtoB,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 15.3846153846 A\n",
-        "Voltage= 403.846153846 V\n",
-        "Power= 6213.01775148 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.24, Page Number:964"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "i=500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "ra2=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "sw1=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "sw2=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "e1=240.0#V\n",
-      "e2=244.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "V=solve([(((e1-v)/ra1)+((e2-v)/ra2)-i)],[v])\n",
-      "i1=(e1-V[v])/ra1\n",
-      "i2=(e2-V[v])/ra2\n",
-      "#ratio of series winding (1/0.004):(1/0.0006) or 3:2\n",
-      "is1=i*3/5\n",
-      "is2=i*2/5\n",
-      "vbus=V[v]-(is1*sw1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current in series winding:\"\n",
-      "print \"generator A=\",round(is1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"generator B=\",round(is2),\"B\"\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",round(vbus,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 200.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 300.0 A\n",
-        "Current in series winding:\n",
-        "generator A= 300.0 A\n",
-        "generator B= 200.0 B\n",
-        "Bus bar voltage= 236.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_Cde70Gn.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_Cde70Gn.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0690f646..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_Cde70Gn.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1741 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:e71bef33b0871199556c73182ec6cd28497a9d9d16612973a23ee2cceda4b35b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 26: D.C. Generators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.3, Page Number:912"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=450#A\n",
-      "v=230#v\n",
-      "rs=50#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.03#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+va\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f. generated in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f. generated in the armature=  243.62  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.4, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#v\n",
-      "rs=250#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vs=ia*rseries\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "vb=ish*b\n",
-      "E=v+va+vs+vb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  506.16  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.5, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "v=220#v\n",
-      "rs=200#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=i*rseries\n",
-      "vshunt=v+vs\n",
-      "ish=vshunt/v\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vb=b*2\n",
-      "E=v+vs+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  232.552045455  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.6, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": true,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#v\n",
-      "i=150.0#A\n",
-      "rs=92.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.03#ohm(divertor)\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rd*rseries)/(rd+rseries)\n",
-      "tr=ra+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "Eg=v+vd\n",
-      "tp=Eg*ia\n",
-      "pl=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*sdr)+(v*ish)+(v*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resuts\n",
-      "print \"i) Induced e.m.f.= \",Eg,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)Total power generated= \",tp,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)Distribution of the total power:\"\n",
-      "print \" power lost in armature=                \", ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "print \"power lost in series field and divider= \", ia*ia*sdr\n",
-      "print \"power dissipated in shunt winding=      \", v*ish\n",
-      "print \"power delivered to load=                \", v*i\n",
-      "print \"                                         ------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Total=                                  \", pl"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) Induced e.m.f.=  236.405  V\n",
-        "ii)Total power generated=  36051.7625  W\n",
-        "iii)Distribution of the total power:\n",
-        " power lost in armature=                 744.2\n",
-        "power lost in series field and divider=  232.5625\n",
-        "power dissipated in shunt winding=       575.0\n",
-        "power delivered to load=                 34500.0\n",
-        "                                         ------------\n",
-        "Total=                                   36051.7625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.7, Page Number:914"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=300000.0#w\n",
-      "v=600.0#v\n",
-      "sr=75.0#ohm\n",
-      "abr=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "cr=0.011#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "dr=0.036#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "io=p/v#output current\n",
-      "ish=v/sr\n",
-      "ia=io+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rseries*dr)/(rseries+dr)\n",
-      "tr=abr+cr+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "va=v+vd\n",
-      "pg=va*ia\n",
-      "W=pg/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generatedby the armature= \",va,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power generated by the armature= \",W, \"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generatedby the armature=  625.4  V\n",
-        "Power generated by the armature=  317.7032 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.8, Page Number:915"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=7*math.pow(10,-3)\n",
-      "z=51*20\n",
-      "a=p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#r.p.m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=(phi*z*n*p)/(a*60)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generated= \",Eg,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generated=  178.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.9, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=8\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "N=500#armature conductor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=phi*(n/60)*(p/a)*N\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f generated= \",E,\" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f generated=  500.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.10, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=127#v\n",
-      "vt=120#v(terminal voltage)\n",
-      "r=15#ohms\n",
-      "i1=8.47#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohms\n",
-      "fi=8#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=v+(i1*ra)\n",
-      "ia=(Eg-vt)/ra\n",
-      "il=ia-fi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current \",il,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current  350.47  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(a), Page Number:917"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=778\n",
-      "n=500\n",
-      "ra=0.24\n",
-      "rl=12.5\n",
-      "r=250\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "si=v/r\n",
-      "ai=il+si\n",
-      "emf=v+(ai*ra)\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ai,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",emf,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",round(phi*1000,2),\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  21.0  A\n",
-        "induced e.m.f.=  255.04  V\n",
-        "flux per pole=  9.83  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(b), Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "P=5000.0#w\n",
-      "P2=2500.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=120\n",
-      "N=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "gc=P/v\n",
-      "li=P2/v\n",
-      "ti=gc+li\n",
-      "fc=1\n",
-      "ai=ti+fc\n",
-      "ard=ai*ra\n",
-      "emf=v+ard+2\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*N)\n",
-      "ac_perparralelpath=ai/p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current per parallel path= \",ac_perparralelpath,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Flux per pole=  129.1  mWb\n",
-        "Armature current per parallel path=  7.75  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.12, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2.0#V(brush drop)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "R=v/i\n",
-      "E1=v+(i*ra)+bd\n",
-      "E2=(E1*n2)/n1\n",
-      "il=(E2-bd)/0.675\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.= \",round(il,2),\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.=  157.04  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.13, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=900 #rpm\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "E=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "phi=10#mWb\n",
-      "N=8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(E-V)/ra\n",
-      "Z=(E*600*2)/(phi*math.pow(10,-3)*n*p)\n",
-      "#since there ae 8 turns in a coil,it means there are 16 active conductor\n",
-      "number_of_coils=Z/16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"number of coils= \",number_of_coils"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  100.0  A\n",
-        "number of coils=  500.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.14, Page Number:919"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=120.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rs=25#ohm\n",
-      "rsw=0.04#ohm(series winding)\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "#i)Long shunt\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#i)Short shunt\n",
-      "vds=il*rsw\n",
-      "vs=V+vds\n",
-      "ish=vs/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt=  130.48  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt= 104.8  A\n",
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt=  130.496  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt= 104.96  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.15, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=25000.0#W\n",
-      "V=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=1.0#V\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/V\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "vds=ia*rseries\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "vdb=vb*2\n",
-      "E=V+vds+vda+vdb\n",
-      "Z=(E*60*4)/(phi*n*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"The e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"The number of conductors=\",Z"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The e.m.f. generated=  505.675  V\n",
-        "The number of conductors= 1264.1875\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.16, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "e=240.0#V\n",
-      "z=792\n",
-      "phi=0.0145#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi_working=(e*60*2)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "lambda_=phi/phi_working\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Leakage coefficient= \",round(lambda_,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Leakage coefficient=  1.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.17, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rt=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "rtotal=t*rt\n",
-      "r_eachpath=rtotal/p\n",
-      "ra=r_eachpath/a\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "V=E-vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage= \",V, \" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal Voltage=  459.25  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.18, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rturn=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rsc=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ra=0.055#ohm\n",
-      "ra=ra+rsc\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "v=E-va\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "i=ia-ish\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output= \",round(output/1000,3),\" kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output=  20.813  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.19, Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "v=125#V\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E1=v+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "E2=E1*n2/n1*0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%=\",E2,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%= 90.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(a), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=378\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "rl=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "V=(100.0/111.0)*E\n",
-      "il=V/rl\n",
-      "P=il*V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power absorbed by the load is= \",P,\" W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power absorbed by the load is=  5154.12710007  W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(b), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=300\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#rpm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "il=90#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ifield=E/rf\n",
-      "ia=ifield+il\n",
-      "V=E-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage= \",V,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal voltage=  481.2  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(a), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "e=250.0#V\n",
-      "d=350.0#mm\n",
-      "air_gap=3.0#mm\n",
-      "al=260.0#mm\n",
-      "fringing=0.8\n",
-      "coils=96\n",
-      "t=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=t*coils*2\n",
-      "a=p*2\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "di=d+air_gap\n",
-      "pole_arc=(3.14*di*fringing)/6\n",
-      "B=phi/(pole_arc*0.000001*al)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi,\" Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"effective pole arc lenght= \",pole_arc*0.001,\" m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux density= \",B,\" T\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  0.0434027777778  Wb\n",
-        "effective pole arc lenght=  0.147789333333  m\n",
-        "flux density=  1.12953862717  T\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(b), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "e=250.0#v\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "b=35.0#cm\n",
-      "ratio=0.7\n",
-      "lpole=20.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pole_pitch=(b*3.14)/p\n",
-      "polearc=ratio*pole_pitch\n",
-      "pole_area=polearc*lpole\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "mean_flux=phi/(pole_area*math.pow(10,-4))\n",
-      "              \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Mean flux density= \",mean_flux,\" Wb/m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Mean flux density=  0.649941505265  Wb/m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(d), Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v+(i*rseries)\n",
-      "ish=va/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "e=va+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "ishunt=v/rs\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rseries)\n",
-      "e2=v+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(short shunt)\",e,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(long shunt)\",e2,\" V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf generated(short shunt) 114.070666667  V\n",
-        "emf generated(long shunt) 114.123666667  V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.22, Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "w=20000.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rs=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=w/v\n",
-      "i_f=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+i_f\n",
-      "ip=w/efficiency#input power\n",
-      "total_loss=ip-w\n",
-      "copper_loss=(ia*ia*(ra+rseries))+(i_f*i_f*rs)\n",
-      "ironloss=total_loss-copper_loss\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "T=ip/omega\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#omega\n",
-      "print \"Copper loss= \",copper_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Iron and friction loss= \",ironloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque developed by the prime mover= \",T,\"Nw-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Copper loss=  1216.88892562  W\n",
-        "Iron and friction loss=  2312.52283909  W\n",
-        "Torque developed by the prime mover=  224.803297115 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.23, Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declartaion\n",
-      "power=10000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=534\n",
-      "cu_loss=0.64*1000#W\n",
-      "vbd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=power/v\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+vbd\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  30.0  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(a), Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=195#A\n",
-      "pd=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "p=250#W\n",
-      "strayloss=950#W\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=pd/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=pd+vda\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(pd*ish)\n",
-      "output_prime=(pd*i)+strayloss+cu_loss\n",
-      "power_a=output_prime-strayloss\n",
-      "neu_m=(power_a/output_prime)\n",
-      "neu_e=(pd*i)/((pd*i)+cu_loss)\n",
-      "neu_c=(pd*i)/output_prime\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \" b)Cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" c)output of prime mover= \",output_prime,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" d)mechanical efficiency= \",neu_m*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   electrical efficiency= \",neu_e*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   commercial efficiency= \",neu_c*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)e.m.f. generated=  254.0  V\n",
-        " b)Cu losses=  2050.0  W\n",
-        " c)output of prime mover=  51750.0  W\n",
-        " d)mechanical efficiency=  98.1642512077  %\n",
-        "   electrical efficiency=  95.9645669291  %\n",
-        "   commercial efficiency=  94.2028985507  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(b), Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "total_loss=(v*i*0.5)+((il+i*0.5)*(il+i*0.5)*ra)+(v*i*0.5)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency=  87.8312542029  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.25, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=196#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "stray_loss=720#W\n",
-      "rsh=55#ohm\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "inpute=output/e\n",
-      "total_loss=inpute-output\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "constant_loss=cu_loss+stray_loss\n",
-      "culoss_a=total_loss-constant_loss\n",
-      "ra=culoss_a/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "I=math.sqrt(constant_loss/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency\",I,\" A\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency 122.283568103  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.26, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "p=22*1000#w\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "I=p/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+I\n",
-      "vdseries=ia*rseries\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*rseries)+(rsh*ish*ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=(p/efficiency)-p\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "T=(p/efficiency*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)iron and friction loss= \",strayloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)Torque exerted by the prime mover= \",T,\" N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cu losses=  1584.44  W\n",
-        "b)iron and friction loss=  1415.56  W\n",
-        "c)Torque exerted by the prime mover=  238.853503185  N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.27, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=1#V(voltage drop per brush)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=i*r\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+(2*vdb)\n",
-      "totalpower=E*ia\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/totalpower\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced e.m.f.=  214.0  V\n",
-        "efficiency=  77.8816199377  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.28, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=100#ohm\n",
-      "ironloss=1000#W\n",
-      "frictionloss=500#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "totalra=ra+rseries+ri\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "copperloss=ia*ia*totalra\n",
-      "shculoss=ish*v\n",
-      "total_loss=copperloss+ironloss+frictionloss+shculoss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"F.L. efficiency of the machine= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "F.L. efficiency of the machine=  87.3089843128  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.29, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "ironloss=8#kW\n",
-      "r=0.25#reduction in speed\n",
-      "n_ironloss=5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([ironloss-(A*1+B*1**2),n_ironloss-(A*(1-r)+B*(1-r)**2)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]\n",
-      "we=ans[B]\n",
-      "wh2=ans[A]*0.5\n",
-      "we2=ans[B]*0.5**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)full speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)half speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh2,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we2,3),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)full speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 2.667 kW\n",
-        "We= 5.333 kW\n",
-        "ii)half speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 1.333 kW\n",
-        "We= 1.333 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.30, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "N=Symbol('N')\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "wh=250.0#w\n",
-      "we=100.0#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "A=wh/(n/60)\n",
-      "B=we/((n/60)**2)\n",
-      "new_loss=(wh+we)/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([new_loss-A*N-B*(N**2)],[N])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed at which total loss will be halved=\",ans[1],\"r.p.s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed at which total loss will be halved= (9.50045787200216,) r.p.s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.31, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=160.0#ohm\n",
-      "mechcoreloss=500.0#W\n",
-      "culoss=360.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "i=output/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+i\n",
-      "culossa=ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "totalloss=culoss+mechcoreloss+culossa\n",
-      "inputp=output+totalloss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inputp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power required= \",inputp*0.001,\" kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficinecy= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power required=  11.9780166667  kW\n",
-        "efficinecy=  83.486275552  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.32, Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=110*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.002#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "E=v+ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf=  226.024  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.33 Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "E=216.0#V\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "slots=144\n",
-      "con=6\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=con*slots\n",
-      "a=p\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "armatureE=(phi*z*n2*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the armature emf= \",armatureE,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the armature emf=  360.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.34 Page Number:933"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ar=p*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature resistance=\",ar"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature resistance= 0.6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_DFSwMy4.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_DFSwMy4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0690f646..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_DFSwMy4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1741 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:e71bef33b0871199556c73182ec6cd28497a9d9d16612973a23ee2cceda4b35b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 26: D.C. Generators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.3, Page Number:912"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=450#A\n",
-      "v=230#v\n",
-      "rs=50#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.03#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+va\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f. generated in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f. generated in the armature=  243.62  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.4, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#v\n",
-      "rs=250#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vs=ia*rseries\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "vb=ish*b\n",
-      "E=v+va+vs+vb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  506.16  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.5, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "v=220#v\n",
-      "rs=200#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=i*rseries\n",
-      "vshunt=v+vs\n",
-      "ish=vshunt/v\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vb=b*2\n",
-      "E=v+vs+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  232.552045455  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.6, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": true,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#v\n",
-      "i=150.0#A\n",
-      "rs=92.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.03#ohm(divertor)\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rd*rseries)/(rd+rseries)\n",
-      "tr=ra+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "Eg=v+vd\n",
-      "tp=Eg*ia\n",
-      "pl=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*sdr)+(v*ish)+(v*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resuts\n",
-      "print \"i) Induced e.m.f.= \",Eg,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)Total power generated= \",tp,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)Distribution of the total power:\"\n",
-      "print \" power lost in armature=                \", ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "print \"power lost in series field and divider= \", ia*ia*sdr\n",
-      "print \"power dissipated in shunt winding=      \", v*ish\n",
-      "print \"power delivered to load=                \", v*i\n",
-      "print \"                                         ------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Total=                                  \", pl"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) Induced e.m.f.=  236.405  V\n",
-        "ii)Total power generated=  36051.7625  W\n",
-        "iii)Distribution of the total power:\n",
-        " power lost in armature=                 744.2\n",
-        "power lost in series field and divider=  232.5625\n",
-        "power dissipated in shunt winding=       575.0\n",
-        "power delivered to load=                 34500.0\n",
-        "                                         ------------\n",
-        "Total=                                   36051.7625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.7, Page Number:914"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=300000.0#w\n",
-      "v=600.0#v\n",
-      "sr=75.0#ohm\n",
-      "abr=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "cr=0.011#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "dr=0.036#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "io=p/v#output current\n",
-      "ish=v/sr\n",
-      "ia=io+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rseries*dr)/(rseries+dr)\n",
-      "tr=abr+cr+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "va=v+vd\n",
-      "pg=va*ia\n",
-      "W=pg/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generatedby the armature= \",va,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power generated by the armature= \",W, \"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generatedby the armature=  625.4  V\n",
-        "Power generated by the armature=  317.7032 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.8, Page Number:915"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=7*math.pow(10,-3)\n",
-      "z=51*20\n",
-      "a=p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#r.p.m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=(phi*z*n*p)/(a*60)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generated= \",Eg,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generated=  178.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.9, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=8\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "N=500#armature conductor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=phi*(n/60)*(p/a)*N\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f generated= \",E,\" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f generated=  500.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.10, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=127#v\n",
-      "vt=120#v(terminal voltage)\n",
-      "r=15#ohms\n",
-      "i1=8.47#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohms\n",
-      "fi=8#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=v+(i1*ra)\n",
-      "ia=(Eg-vt)/ra\n",
-      "il=ia-fi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current \",il,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current  350.47  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(a), Page Number:917"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=778\n",
-      "n=500\n",
-      "ra=0.24\n",
-      "rl=12.5\n",
-      "r=250\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "si=v/r\n",
-      "ai=il+si\n",
-      "emf=v+(ai*ra)\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ai,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",emf,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",round(phi*1000,2),\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  21.0  A\n",
-        "induced e.m.f.=  255.04  V\n",
-        "flux per pole=  9.83  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(b), Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "P=5000.0#w\n",
-      "P2=2500.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=120\n",
-      "N=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "gc=P/v\n",
-      "li=P2/v\n",
-      "ti=gc+li\n",
-      "fc=1\n",
-      "ai=ti+fc\n",
-      "ard=ai*ra\n",
-      "emf=v+ard+2\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*N)\n",
-      "ac_perparralelpath=ai/p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current per parallel path= \",ac_perparralelpath,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Flux per pole=  129.1  mWb\n",
-        "Armature current per parallel path=  7.75  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.12, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2.0#V(brush drop)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "R=v/i\n",
-      "E1=v+(i*ra)+bd\n",
-      "E2=(E1*n2)/n1\n",
-      "il=(E2-bd)/0.675\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.= \",round(il,2),\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.=  157.04  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.13, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=900 #rpm\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "E=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "phi=10#mWb\n",
-      "N=8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(E-V)/ra\n",
-      "Z=(E*600*2)/(phi*math.pow(10,-3)*n*p)\n",
-      "#since there ae 8 turns in a coil,it means there are 16 active conductor\n",
-      "number_of_coils=Z/16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"number of coils= \",number_of_coils"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  100.0  A\n",
-        "number of coils=  500.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.14, Page Number:919"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=120.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rs=25#ohm\n",
-      "rsw=0.04#ohm(series winding)\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "#i)Long shunt\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#i)Short shunt\n",
-      "vds=il*rsw\n",
-      "vs=V+vds\n",
-      "ish=vs/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt=  130.48  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt= 104.8  A\n",
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt=  130.496  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt= 104.96  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.15, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=25000.0#W\n",
-      "V=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=1.0#V\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/V\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "vds=ia*rseries\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "vdb=vb*2\n",
-      "E=V+vds+vda+vdb\n",
-      "Z=(E*60*4)/(phi*n*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"The e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"The number of conductors=\",Z"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The e.m.f. generated=  505.675  V\n",
-        "The number of conductors= 1264.1875\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.16, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "e=240.0#V\n",
-      "z=792\n",
-      "phi=0.0145#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi_working=(e*60*2)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "lambda_=phi/phi_working\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Leakage coefficient= \",round(lambda_,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Leakage coefficient=  1.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.17, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rt=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "rtotal=t*rt\n",
-      "r_eachpath=rtotal/p\n",
-      "ra=r_eachpath/a\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "V=E-vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage= \",V, \" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal Voltage=  459.25  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.18, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rturn=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rsc=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ra=0.055#ohm\n",
-      "ra=ra+rsc\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "v=E-va\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "i=ia-ish\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output= \",round(output/1000,3),\" kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output=  20.813  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.19, Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "v=125#V\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E1=v+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "E2=E1*n2/n1*0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%=\",E2,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%= 90.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(a), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=378\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "rl=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "V=(100.0/111.0)*E\n",
-      "il=V/rl\n",
-      "P=il*V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power absorbed by the load is= \",P,\" W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power absorbed by the load is=  5154.12710007  W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(b), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=300\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#rpm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "il=90#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ifield=E/rf\n",
-      "ia=ifield+il\n",
-      "V=E-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage= \",V,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal voltage=  481.2  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(a), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "e=250.0#V\n",
-      "d=350.0#mm\n",
-      "air_gap=3.0#mm\n",
-      "al=260.0#mm\n",
-      "fringing=0.8\n",
-      "coils=96\n",
-      "t=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=t*coils*2\n",
-      "a=p*2\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "di=d+air_gap\n",
-      "pole_arc=(3.14*di*fringing)/6\n",
-      "B=phi/(pole_arc*0.000001*al)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi,\" Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"effective pole arc lenght= \",pole_arc*0.001,\" m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux density= \",B,\" T\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  0.0434027777778  Wb\n",
-        "effective pole arc lenght=  0.147789333333  m\n",
-        "flux density=  1.12953862717  T\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(b), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "e=250.0#v\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "b=35.0#cm\n",
-      "ratio=0.7\n",
-      "lpole=20.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pole_pitch=(b*3.14)/p\n",
-      "polearc=ratio*pole_pitch\n",
-      "pole_area=polearc*lpole\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "mean_flux=phi/(pole_area*math.pow(10,-4))\n",
-      "              \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Mean flux density= \",mean_flux,\" Wb/m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Mean flux density=  0.649941505265  Wb/m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(d), Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v+(i*rseries)\n",
-      "ish=va/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "e=va+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "ishunt=v/rs\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rseries)\n",
-      "e2=v+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(short shunt)\",e,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(long shunt)\",e2,\" V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf generated(short shunt) 114.070666667  V\n",
-        "emf generated(long shunt) 114.123666667  V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.22, Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "w=20000.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rs=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=w/v\n",
-      "i_f=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+i_f\n",
-      "ip=w/efficiency#input power\n",
-      "total_loss=ip-w\n",
-      "copper_loss=(ia*ia*(ra+rseries))+(i_f*i_f*rs)\n",
-      "ironloss=total_loss-copper_loss\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "T=ip/omega\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#omega\n",
-      "print \"Copper loss= \",copper_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Iron and friction loss= \",ironloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque developed by the prime mover= \",T,\"Nw-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Copper loss=  1216.88892562  W\n",
-        "Iron and friction loss=  2312.52283909  W\n",
-        "Torque developed by the prime mover=  224.803297115 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.23, Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declartaion\n",
-      "power=10000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=534\n",
-      "cu_loss=0.64*1000#W\n",
-      "vbd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=power/v\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+vbd\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  30.0  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(a), Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=195#A\n",
-      "pd=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "p=250#W\n",
-      "strayloss=950#W\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=pd/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=pd+vda\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(pd*ish)\n",
-      "output_prime=(pd*i)+strayloss+cu_loss\n",
-      "power_a=output_prime-strayloss\n",
-      "neu_m=(power_a/output_prime)\n",
-      "neu_e=(pd*i)/((pd*i)+cu_loss)\n",
-      "neu_c=(pd*i)/output_prime\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \" b)Cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" c)output of prime mover= \",output_prime,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" d)mechanical efficiency= \",neu_m*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   electrical efficiency= \",neu_e*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   commercial efficiency= \",neu_c*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)e.m.f. generated=  254.0  V\n",
-        " b)Cu losses=  2050.0  W\n",
-        " c)output of prime mover=  51750.0  W\n",
-        " d)mechanical efficiency=  98.1642512077  %\n",
-        "   electrical efficiency=  95.9645669291  %\n",
-        "   commercial efficiency=  94.2028985507  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(b), Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "total_loss=(v*i*0.5)+((il+i*0.5)*(il+i*0.5)*ra)+(v*i*0.5)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency=  87.8312542029  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.25, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=196#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "stray_loss=720#W\n",
-      "rsh=55#ohm\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "inpute=output/e\n",
-      "total_loss=inpute-output\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "constant_loss=cu_loss+stray_loss\n",
-      "culoss_a=total_loss-constant_loss\n",
-      "ra=culoss_a/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "I=math.sqrt(constant_loss/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency\",I,\" A\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency 122.283568103  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.26, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "p=22*1000#w\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "I=p/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+I\n",
-      "vdseries=ia*rseries\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*rseries)+(rsh*ish*ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=(p/efficiency)-p\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "T=(p/efficiency*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)iron and friction loss= \",strayloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)Torque exerted by the prime mover= \",T,\" N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cu losses=  1584.44  W\n",
-        "b)iron and friction loss=  1415.56  W\n",
-        "c)Torque exerted by the prime mover=  238.853503185  N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.27, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=1#V(voltage drop per brush)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=i*r\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+(2*vdb)\n",
-      "totalpower=E*ia\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/totalpower\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced e.m.f.=  214.0  V\n",
-        "efficiency=  77.8816199377  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.28, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=100#ohm\n",
-      "ironloss=1000#W\n",
-      "frictionloss=500#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "totalra=ra+rseries+ri\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "copperloss=ia*ia*totalra\n",
-      "shculoss=ish*v\n",
-      "total_loss=copperloss+ironloss+frictionloss+shculoss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"F.L. efficiency of the machine= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "F.L. efficiency of the machine=  87.3089843128  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.29, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "ironloss=8#kW\n",
-      "r=0.25#reduction in speed\n",
-      "n_ironloss=5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([ironloss-(A*1+B*1**2),n_ironloss-(A*(1-r)+B*(1-r)**2)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]\n",
-      "we=ans[B]\n",
-      "wh2=ans[A]*0.5\n",
-      "we2=ans[B]*0.5**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)full speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)half speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh2,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we2,3),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)full speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 2.667 kW\n",
-        "We= 5.333 kW\n",
-        "ii)half speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 1.333 kW\n",
-        "We= 1.333 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.30, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "N=Symbol('N')\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "wh=250.0#w\n",
-      "we=100.0#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "A=wh/(n/60)\n",
-      "B=we/((n/60)**2)\n",
-      "new_loss=(wh+we)/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([new_loss-A*N-B*(N**2)],[N])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed at which total loss will be halved=\",ans[1],\"r.p.s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed at which total loss will be halved= (9.50045787200216,) r.p.s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.31, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=160.0#ohm\n",
-      "mechcoreloss=500.0#W\n",
-      "culoss=360.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "i=output/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+i\n",
-      "culossa=ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "totalloss=culoss+mechcoreloss+culossa\n",
-      "inputp=output+totalloss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inputp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power required= \",inputp*0.001,\" kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficinecy= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power required=  11.9780166667  kW\n",
-        "efficinecy=  83.486275552  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.32, Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=110*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.002#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "E=v+ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf=  226.024  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.33 Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "E=216.0#V\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "slots=144\n",
-      "con=6\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=con*slots\n",
-      "a=p\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "armatureE=(phi*z*n2*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the armature emf= \",armatureE,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the armature emf=  360.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.34 Page Number:933"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ar=p*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature resistance=\",ar"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature resistance= 0.6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_DnIfPiv.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_DnIfPiv.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 894eff9f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_DnIfPiv.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:9895a0f3fc78aa13cc793dfc60b4d616a3af11e4983465d122ac29be7197893e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 25: Elements of Electro-Mechanical Energy Conversion"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.1, Page Number:876"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sod=15#stator-core outer diameter\n",
-      "sid=10.05#stator-core inner diameter\n",
-      "rod=10.00#rotor-core outer diameter\n",
-      "rid=5#rotor-core inner diameter\n",
-      "a=8#axial lenght of the machine\n",
-      "b=1.20\n",
-      "ur=1000\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=(3.14/4)*((sod*sod)-(sid*sid))*a#volume of stator-core\n",
-      "vr=(3.14/4)*((rod*rod)-(rid*rid))*a#volume of rotor-core\n",
-      "va=(3.14/4)*((sid*sid)-(rod*rod))*a#volume of air-gap in the machine\n",
-      "ed=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7))\n",
-      "e=ed*va*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "edm=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)*ur)\n",
-      "es=edm*vs*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "er=edm*vr*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "kr=(vs+vr)/vs\n",
-      "ke=(es+er)/e\n",
-      "ratio=kr/ke\n",
-      "eratio=e/(es+er)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in air gap= \",e,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in stator-core= \",round(es,2),\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in rotor core= \",er,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores=\",round(eratio)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Energy stored in air gap=  3.609  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in stator-core=  0.45  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in rotor core=  0.27  Joules\n",
-        "Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores= 5.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.2, Page Number:877"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#turns\n",
-      "area=5*5#cross sectional area\n",
-      "i=1.25#amp\n",
-      "x=0.25#cm\n",
-      "l=0.402\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p=4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)/(0.5*10**(-2))\n",
-      "l=n**2*p\n",
-      "em=.5*i*i*l\n",
-      "W=-1*0.5*n**2*4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)*i**2/(0.5*10**(-2))**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)coil inductance=\",l,\"H\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)field energy stored=\",em,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)mechanical energy output=\",W,\"NW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)coil inductance= 0.40192 H\n",
-        "  ii)field energy stored= 0.314 J\n",
-        "b)mechanical energy output= -62.8 NW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.4, Page Number:882"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "lo=50#mH\n",
-      "xo=0.05#cm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.075#cm\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "x2=0.15#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "l1=2*lo/(1+(x/xo))\n",
-      "lambda1=l1*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "W=0.5*l1*i2**2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "l2=2*lo/(1+(x2/xo))\n",
-      "lambda2=l2*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "w2=0.5*i2*(lambda1-lambda2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",W,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic stored energy=\",w2,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.5, Page Number:883"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rc=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=3#V\n",
-      "i=6#A\n",
-      "l1=40#mH\n",
-      "l2=25#mH\n",
-      "wfld=0.5*l2*i*i*0.001\n",
-      "delE=0.5*i*i*0.001*(l1-l2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",wfld,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic store energy=\",delE,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)magnetic stored energy= 0.45 J\n",
-        "b)change in magnetic store energy= 0.27 J\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_Ekp0nuF.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_Ekp0nuF.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 894eff9f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_Ekp0nuF.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:9895a0f3fc78aa13cc793dfc60b4d616a3af11e4983465d122ac29be7197893e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 25: Elements of Electro-Mechanical Energy Conversion"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.1, Page Number:876"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sod=15#stator-core outer diameter\n",
-      "sid=10.05#stator-core inner diameter\n",
-      "rod=10.00#rotor-core outer diameter\n",
-      "rid=5#rotor-core inner diameter\n",
-      "a=8#axial lenght of the machine\n",
-      "b=1.20\n",
-      "ur=1000\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=(3.14/4)*((sod*sod)-(sid*sid))*a#volume of stator-core\n",
-      "vr=(3.14/4)*((rod*rod)-(rid*rid))*a#volume of rotor-core\n",
-      "va=(3.14/4)*((sid*sid)-(rod*rod))*a#volume of air-gap in the machine\n",
-      "ed=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7))\n",
-      "e=ed*va*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "edm=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)*ur)\n",
-      "es=edm*vs*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "er=edm*vr*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "kr=(vs+vr)/vs\n",
-      "ke=(es+er)/e\n",
-      "ratio=kr/ke\n",
-      "eratio=e/(es+er)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in air gap= \",e,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in stator-core= \",round(es,2),\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in rotor core= \",er,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores=\",round(eratio)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Energy stored in air gap=  3.609  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in stator-core=  0.45  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in rotor core=  0.27  Joules\n",
-        "Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores= 5.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.2, Page Number:877"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#turns\n",
-      "area=5*5#cross sectional area\n",
-      "i=1.25#amp\n",
-      "x=0.25#cm\n",
-      "l=0.402\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p=4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)/(0.5*10**(-2))\n",
-      "l=n**2*p\n",
-      "em=.5*i*i*l\n",
-      "W=-1*0.5*n**2*4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)*i**2/(0.5*10**(-2))**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)coil inductance=\",l,\"H\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)field energy stored=\",em,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)mechanical energy output=\",W,\"NW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)coil inductance= 0.40192 H\n",
-        "  ii)field energy stored= 0.314 J\n",
-        "b)mechanical energy output= -62.8 NW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.4, Page Number:882"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "lo=50#mH\n",
-      "xo=0.05#cm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.075#cm\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "x2=0.15#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "l1=2*lo/(1+(x/xo))\n",
-      "lambda1=l1*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "W=0.5*l1*i2**2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "l2=2*lo/(1+(x2/xo))\n",
-      "lambda2=l2*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "w2=0.5*i2*(lambda1-lambda2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",W,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic stored energy=\",w2,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.5, Page Number:883"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rc=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=3#V\n",
-      "i=6#A\n",
-      "l1=40#mH\n",
-      "l2=25#mH\n",
-      "wfld=0.5*l2*i*i*0.001\n",
-      "delE=0.5*i*i*0.001*(l1-l2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",wfld,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic store energy=\",delE,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)magnetic stored energy= 0.45 J\n",
-        "b)change in magnetic store energy= 0.27 J\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_G3431Y7.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_G3431Y7.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cee05..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_G3431Y7.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1433 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:62e227cc38186a0706017dd159987c82bd21be1d7e8602e20c55cf079ab30efe"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 33: Transformer:Three Phase"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.1, Page Number:1216"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vd=22000.0#V\n",
-      "vs=400.0#V\n",
-      "phi=0.8\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "v_phase_secondary=vs/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=(vs/vd)/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_primary=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_secondary=i_primary/K\n",
-      "il=i_secondary\n",
-      "output=math.sqrt(3)*il*vs*phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output=\",output/10000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output= 15.2420471066 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.2, Page Number:1217"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vls=11.0#kV\n",
-      "vld=33.0#kV\n",
-      "rh=35.0#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.876#ohm\n",
-      "iron_loss=3050.0#W\n",
-      "phi1=1.0\n",
-      "phi2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=(vls*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vld*1000)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i_Secondary=(w*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vls*1000)\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "fl_culoss=3*((w/(vls*math.sqrt(3)))**2)*r02\n",
-      "fl_totalloss=fl_culoss+iron_loss\n",
-      "fl_efficiency1=w*1000/(w*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "fl_efficiency2=(phi2*w*1000)/(w*phi2*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "cu_loss=.5**2*fl_culoss\n",
-      "totalloss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency1=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000*phi2/2)/((phi2*w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",fl_efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",fl_efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",round(efficiency2*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.5147491838 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.1503046336 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.3585709725 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.3, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.02\n",
-      "va=2000\n",
-      "reactance=0.1\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*100*va/100\n",
-      "regn=r*100*math.cos(phi)+reactance*100*math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Cu loss= 40.0 kW\n",
-        "Regulation= 7.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.4, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=120.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0\n",
-      "v2=400.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=1600.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss_fl=iron_loss*((4/3)**2)\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf*1000\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "efficiency1=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss_hl=0.5**2*cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "total_loss2=cu_loss_hl+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+total_loss2)\n",
-      "total_loss3=2*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(3.0/4)*w*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output+total_loss3\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"3/4 load efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "3/4 load efficiency= 96.5665236052 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.5, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rp=8.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "z=0.07\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "v1=33.0\n",
-      "v2=6.6\n",
-      "w=2*10.0**6\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "fl_i=w/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*10**3)\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rs+(rp*(K*K))\n",
-      "z_drop=z*v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z02=z_drop/fl_i\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt((z02*z02)-(r02*r02))\n",
-      "drop=fl_i*(r02*math.cos(phi)+x02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "V2=secondary_v-drop\n",
-      "line_v=V2*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/secondary_v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage\",line_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary voltage 6254.29059005 V\n",
-        "regulation= 5.23802136291 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.6, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=100.0#kWA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "rh=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.958\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=0.8*100\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=(inpt-output)*1000\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i2=((w*1000)/math.sqrt(3))/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ironloss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.0371411080502\n",
-        "2321.31925314\n",
-        "ironloss= 1185.98763622 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.7, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=5000.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6.6#kV\n",
-      "v2=33.0#kV\n",
-      "nl=15.0#kW\n",
-      "fl=50.0#kW\n",
-      "drop=0.07\n",
-      "load=3200.0#kw\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i2=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*1000)\n",
-      "impedence_drop=drop*(v2/math.sqrt(3))*1000\n",
-      "z02=impedence_drop/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=fl-nl\n",
-      "r02=cu_loss*1000/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt(z02**2-r02**2)\n",
-      "print \"full-load x02:\",x02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#when load=3200#kW\n",
-      "i2=load/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*0.8)\n",
-      "drop_=drop*1000*(r02*math.cos(phi)+z02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "regn=(drop_*100)/(v2*1000/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "vp=v1+regn/100*v1\n",
-      "print \"Primary voltage=\",vp*1000,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load x02: 15.1695784661\n",
-        "Primary voltage= 6851.39317975 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 95
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.8, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1\n",
-      "x=6\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=4800#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)+z*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2+regn/100*v2\n",
-      "secondary_vp=secondary_v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=secondary_vp/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Transformation Ratio=\",K"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Transformation Ratio= 0.423426587968\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.9, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "scv=400#V\n",
-      "sci=175#A\n",
-      "scw=17#kW\n",
-      "ocv=400#V\n",
-      "oci=150#A\n",
-      "ocw=15#kW\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=sci/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=scv/i1\n",
-      "r01=scw*1000/(3*i1*i1)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "r=i1*r01*100/v1\n",
-      "x=i1*x01*100/v1\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)-x*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "I1=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "total_loss=scw+ocw\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"% resistance=\",r,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% reactance=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"%regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "% resistance= 0.849779616989 %\n",
-        "% reactance= 6.00073499035 %\n",
-        "% efficiency= 98.0392156863 %\n",
-        "%regulation= -2.92061730062 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.10, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "secondary_rating=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "primary_i=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "voltsamps=v1*5/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i2=voltsamps/secondary_rating\n",
-      "output=pf*voltsamps/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Each coil current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Total output=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Each coil current= 125.0 A\n",
-        "Total output= 25.4034118443 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.12, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_per_transformer=load/2*1.15\n",
-      "delta_delta_rating=kVA_per_transformer*3\n",
-      "increase=(delta_delta_rating-load)*100/load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase=\",increase,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase= 72.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 126
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.13, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=20#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#v\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva_load=load/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "percent_rated=kva_load*100/w\n",
-      "kvarating_vv=2*w*0.866\n",
-      "vv_delta=kvarating_vv*100/60\n",
-      "percentage_increase=kva_load/(load/3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load of each transformer=\",kva_load,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer=\",percent_rated,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank\",kvarating_vv,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank\",vv_delta,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)percent increase in load=\",percentage_increase*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load of each transformer= 23.0940107676 kVA\n",
-        "ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer= 115.470053838 %\n",
-        "iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank 34.64 kVA\n",
-        "iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank 57.7333333333 %\n",
-        "v)percent increase in load= 177.646236674 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.14, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(pf*math.sqrt(3)*1000)\n",
-      "ip=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=v1/v\n",
-      "ip=ip*ratio\n",
-      "I=il\n",
-      "Ip=I*ratio\n",
-      "pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"delta-delta:current in the windings=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"v-v:current in the windings=\",Ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Power factor\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "delta-delta:current in the windings= 28.8683602771 A\n",
-        "v-v:current in the windings= 50.0014667312 A\n",
-        "Power factor 0.749956\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.15, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#kW\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "transformer_pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "additional_load=72.5/100*load\n",
-      "total_load=additional_load+load\n",
-      "il=total_load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Il=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"phase current=\",il/math.sqrt(3),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Il= 339.521323075 A\n",
-        "phase current= 196.022727273 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.16, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_each=(load/2)/pf\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p1=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30-phi))\n",
-      "p2=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30+phi))\n",
-      "p=p1+p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA supplied by each transformer=\",kVA_each,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"kW supplied by each transformer=\",p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA supplied by each transformer= 230.946882217 kVA\n",
-        "kW supplied by each transformer= 399.995027715 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 136
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.17, Page Number:1228"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=33.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "ilp=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "ils=ilp/(440/v2)\n",
-      "main_kva=v2*ilp*0.001\n",
-      "teaser_kva=0.866*main_kva\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage rating of each coil=\",vl\n",
-      "print \"current rating of each coil=\",ils\n",
-      "print \"main kVA=\",main_kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"teaser kVA=\",teaser_kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage rating of each coil= 2857.8\n",
-        "current rating of each coil= 43.3012701892\n",
-        "main kVA= 19.0525588833 kVA\n",
-        "teaser kVA= 16.4995159929 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 139
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.18, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "output=150.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=v2/v\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/(2*v2)\n",
-      "i1=i2*ratio\n",
-      "primary_volts=(math.sqrt(3)*v)/2\n",
-      "ratio=v2/primary_volts\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"turns ratio\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 170.454545455 A\n",
-        "turns ratio 0.524863881081\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.19, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "p=400.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2=p*1000/(pf*v)\n",
-      "ip=1.15*K*i2\n",
-      "I2m=K*i2\n",
-      "i2=ip/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#reslult\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 174.77684841 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.20, Page Number:1232"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w1=300#kW\n",
-      "w2=450#kW\n",
-      "v1=100#V\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "v2=3300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2t=(w2*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "I2m=(K*w1*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i2=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 169.804606659 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.21, Page Number:1233"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=80.0#V\n",
-      "v2=11000.0#V\n",
-      "w1=500.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=800.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"unity pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n",
-      "#0.5 pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "print \"0.5 pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "unity pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 52.2727272727 A whereas the other 2 carry 77.281082436 A each\n",
-        "0.5 pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 104.545454545 A whereas the other 2 carry 154.562164872 A each\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 171
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.22, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=50#V\n",
-      "v2=4.6*1000#V\n",
-      "load=350#kW\n",
-      "w=200#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "i2t=w*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=load*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "Ki2m=K*i2m\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(Ki2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in line A=\",i1t\n",
-      "print \"current in line B=\",i1m\n",
-      "print \"current in line C=\",i1m"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in line A= 62.5\n",
-        "current in line B= 100.11107076\n",
-        "current in line C= 100.11107076\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 173
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.23, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=231#V\n",
-      "v2=6600#v\n",
-      "volt_induced=8#v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "hv=v2/volt_induced\n",
-      "vl=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "n_lv1=vl/volt_induced\n",
-      "n_lv2=math.sqrt(3)*n_lv1/2\n",
-      "n=2*n_lv2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"neutral point is located on the\",math.ceil(n),\"th turn from A downwards\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "neutral point is located on the 29.0 th turn from A downwards\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.24, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "area=300.0#cm2\n",
-      "flux=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v/(4.44*f*flux*area*0.0001*0.9)\n",
-      "K=v2/v\n",
-      "n2=n1*K\n",
-      "n_lv=math.sqrt(3)*n2/2\n",
-      "turns=n_lv*2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"NUmber of turns in AN=\",math.floor(turns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " NUmber of turns in AN= 35.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 183
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.25, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "load=30.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "kva=il*vl*(0.001)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",vl,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage= 216.5 V\n",
-        "kVA rating 14.9995599935 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.26, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#vaiable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,5)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load*complex(math.cos(phi),math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "z1=za/zb\n",
-      "z2=zb/za\n",
-      "sa=s/(1+z1)\n",
-      "sb=s/(1+z2)\n",
-      "pfa=cmath.phase(sa)\n",
-      "pfb=cmath.phase(sb)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",abs(sa)\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",abs(sb)\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_a=\",pfa\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_b=\",pfb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 230.042839552\n",
-        "sb= 270.171613479\n",
-        "cos phi_a= 0.611765735265\n",
-        "cos phi_b= 0.670521557981\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.27, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "w1=4000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=5000#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,8)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.6,3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "za_per=(w1/w)*za\n",
-      "zb_per=zb\n",
-      "z=za_per+zb_per\n",
-      "s=complex(w1,w-w2)\n",
-      "sb=s*(za/z)\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (2284.2287695-1821.49046794j)\n",
-        "sb= (1715.7712305-1178.50953206j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 211
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.28, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "w1=1000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(0.001,0.003)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.0028,0.005)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (929.911014012-588.664867724j)\n",
-        "sb= (282.488985988-111.396729565j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.29, Page Number:1238"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "w1=500#kVA\n",
-      "w2=250#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "per_r=za.real*(sa.real)/w1\n",
-      "per_x=(za.imag)*(sa.imag)/w1\n",
-      "total_per=per_r+per_x\n",
-      "vl=v2-(total_per*4)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (399.511103547-348.770523615j)\n",
-        "sb= (130.738896453-181.639636072j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 242
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.30, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=100/5\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=i1*ratio\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 70.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.31, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=2000#A\n",
-      "i2=2500#A\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio1=i1/i\n",
-      "ratio2=i2/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio in first case=\",ratio1\n",
-      "print \"ratio in second case=\",ratio2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio in first case= 400\n",
-        "ratio in second case= 500\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_HETTD7r.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_HETTD7r.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7862658a..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_HETTD7r.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3137 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a9b903871f8bdf2f971bf001fa7cff3dbf47aad5e657d5bfcea016f9756d9ac"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 37: Alternators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.1, Page Number:1412"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s1=36.0\n",
-      "p1=4.0\n",
-      "span1=8.0\n",
-      "s2=72.0\n",
-      "p2=6.0\n",
-      "span2=10.0\n",
-      "s3=96.0\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "span3=12.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha1=2*p1*180/s1\n",
-      "alpha2=3*p2*180/s2\n",
-      "alpha3=5*p3*180/s3\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha1/2))\n",
-      "kc2=math.cos(math.radians(alpha2/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(alpha3/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)kc=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"b)kc=\",kc2\n",
-      "print \"c)kc=\",kc3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)kc= 0.939692620786\n",
-        "b)kc= 0.923879532511\n",
-        "c)kc= 0.881921264348\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.2, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=36.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/n\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"distribution factor=\",kd"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "distribution factor= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.3, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=10.0#V\n",
-      "beta=30.0#degrees\n",
-      "m=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "arith_sum=6*v\n",
-      "vector_sum=kd*arith_sum\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"emf of six coils in series=\",vector_sum,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of six coils in series= 38.6370330516 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.4, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "ratio=2.0/3.0\n",
-      "m1=9\n",
-      "m2=6\n",
-      "m3=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m1*math.radians(beta/2))/(m1*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(m2*math.radians(beta/2))/(m2*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(m3*math.radians(beta/2))/(m3*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i) kd=\",kd1\n",
-      "print \"ii)kd=\",kd2\n",
-      "print \"iii)kd=\",kd3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) kd= 0.639863387016\n",
-        "ii)kd= 0.831206922161\n",
-        "iii)kd= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.5, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slot=18.0\n",
-      "s=16.0\n",
-      "m1=3.0\n",
-      "m2=5.0\n",
-      "m3=7.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "span=(s-1)\n",
-      "alpha=180*3/slot\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(m1*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc5=math.cos(math.radians(m2*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc7=math.cos(math.radians(m3*alpha/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kc1=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"kc3=\",kc3\n",
-      "print \"kc5=\",kc5\n",
-      "print \"kc7=\",kc7"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kc1= 0.965925826289\n",
-        "kc3= 0.707106781187\n",
-        "kc5= 0.258819045103\n",
-        "kc7= -0.258819045103\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.6, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "s=144.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "phi=0.03#Wb\n",
-      "n=375.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "t=s*z/(3*2)\n",
-      "eph=4.44*1*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"phase emf=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 50.0 Hz\n",
-        "phase emf= 1534.464 V\n",
-        "line emf= 2657.76961039 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.7, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "s=54\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "t=8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(beta/2)\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=s*8/3\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "eph=4.44*0.98*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.*eph\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eph=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eph= 1804.529664 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.8, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "slots=144.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "n=375.0\n",
-      "airgap=5*0.01\n",
-      "theta=150.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "alpha=(180-theta)\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=slots/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "s=slots/3\n",
-      "eph=4*kf*kc*kd*f*airgap*s*4/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf per phase=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf per phase= 987.908016392 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.9, Page Number:1417"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "slots=180\n",
-      "s=15\n",
-      "d=1.2#m\n",
-      "l=0.4#m\n",
-      "m=6\n",
-      "beta=180/18\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "area=(1.2*3.14/p)*l\n",
-      "phi1=area*0.637\n",
-      "vr=1.1*2*f*phi1\n",
-      "vp=2**0.5*vr\n",
-      "v3=0.4*vp\n",
-      "v5=0.2*vp\n",
-      "vf=6*vp*0.966\n",
-      "vf3=6*v3*0.707\n",
-      "vf5=6*v5*0.259\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(math.radians(3*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(3*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(math.radians(5*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(5*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "vph=vf*2**0.5*60*kd1\n",
-      "vph3=vf3*2**0.5*60*kd2\n",
-      "vph5=vf5*2**0.5*60*kd3\n",
-      "rmsv=(vph**2+vph3**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "rmsvl=3**0.5*(vph**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)e=\",vp,\"sin theta+\",v3,\"sin 3theta+\",v5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)e=\",vf,\"sin theta+\",vf3,\"sin 3theta+\",vf5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)rms value of phase voltage=\",rmsv,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)e= 14.9354392872 sin theta+ 5.97417571489 sin 3theta+ 2.98708785745 sin 5theta\n",
-        "ii)e= 86.5658061088 sin theta+ 25.3424533826 sin 3theta+ 4.64193453047 sin 5theta\n",
-        "iii)rms value of phase voltage= 7158.83679423 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.10, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=60.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "s=3.0\n",
-      "theta=60.0\n",
-      "phi=0.943#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "m=slot/(p*s)\n",
-      "beta=slot/5\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "alpha=(s/15)*180\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "z=slot*z/s\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "eph=z*kf*kc*kd*f*phi*t/2\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph*0.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage= 13196.4478482 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.11, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=15.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "kd=0.95\n",
-      "e=1825#v\n",
-      "kc=1\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "slots=p*slot\n",
-      "slotsp=slots/3\n",
-      "turnp=20*z/2\n",
-      "phi=e/(3**0.5*p*kc*kf*kd*f*turnp)\n",
-      "z=slots*z\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "eg=(phi*0.001*z*n)/slots\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eg*1000,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 749.405577006 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.12, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=360#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=3.6#A\n",
-      "f2=40#Hz\n",
-      "i2=2.4#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=v*i2*f2/(f*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e2=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e2= 160.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.13, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=2\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "per=20#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=180-theta\n",
-      "slotp=6\n",
-      "m=2\n",
-      "beta=180/slotp\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=10*slot*z\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "e1=4.44*kd1*kd1*f*0.12*t\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(3*math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "f2=f*3\n",
-      "phi3=(1.0/3)*per*0.12\n",
-      "e3=4.44*kd3*kd3*theta*0.008*40\n",
-      "e=(e1**2+e3**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e=\",e,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e= 994.25286629 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.14, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "per2=6.0#%\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#star connection\n",
-      "e5=per*v/100\n",
-      "e=(v**2+e5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eph=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#delta\n",
-      "e3=10*v/100\n",
-      "f3=10*3\n",
-      "i=e3/f3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for star=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for delta=\",e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage for star= 400.358589267 V\n",
-        "line voltage for delta= 23.0 V\n",
-        "current= 0.766666666667 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(a), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10.0\n",
-      "p1=24.0\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "f1=p1*n/120\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "n3=(1-s)*n2\n",
-      "f2=s*f1p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f1,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 60.0 Hz\n",
-        "speed= 1140.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(b), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "slotsp=4\n",
-      "cp=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "slots=slotsp*3*p\n",
-      "c=cp*slots\n",
-      "turns=32\n",
-      "kb=math.sin(math.radians(60/2))/(p*math.sin(math.radians(7.5)))\n",
-      "kp=math.cos(math.radians(15))\n",
-      "eph=4.44*50*0.12*kb*0.966*turns\n",
-      "el=eph*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage 1365.94840977 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.16, Page Number:1426"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.66#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "iradrop=i*r\n",
-      "ixsdrop=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+i*r)**2+(vp*sinphi+i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"linevalue of emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "linevalue of emf= 11475.6408913 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(a), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=440.0#KVA\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "il=200.0#A\n",
-      "vf=1160.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zs=vf/200\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous impedence=\",zs,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous reactance=\",xs,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous impedence= 5.8 ohm\n",
-        "synchronous reactance= 5.77840808528 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(b), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.07#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*x\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e=((v+ira)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lag\n",
-      "e2=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf+ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lead\n",
-      "e3=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf-ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=1\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lag\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lead\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage with pf=1 225.174386048 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lag 234.604995966 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lead 208.03726621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.18(a), Page Number:1429"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "x=3.2#ohm\n",
-      "xl=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "rd=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*xl\n",
-      "ea=((v+rd)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*ea\n",
-      "e0=((v+rd)**2+(i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0l=e0*3**0.5\n",
-      "per=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "xa=x-xl\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"internal emf Ea=\",el,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"no load emf=\",e0l,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"valueof synchronous reactance=\",xa,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "internal emf Ea= 471.842539659 V\n",
-        "no load emf= 592.991130967 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 34.7707115833 %\n",
-        "valueof synchronous reactance= 2.7 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 87
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.19, Page Number:1432"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v/vt\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced voltage= 222.090276316 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.20, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.71\n",
-      "i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(pf2))\n",
-      "zs=v2/i\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e01=((v+r*i)**2+(i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8\n",
-      "e02=((v*pf+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.71\n",
-      "e03=((v*pf2+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi2+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg3=(e03-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation unity pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf=\",reg3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.6\n",
-        "voltage regulation unity pf= 6.88779163216 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -8.875640156 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf= 21.1141910671 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.21, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "i1=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=200.0#A\n",
-      "v2=1040.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "e01=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "e02=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= 2.20611574348 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -1.77945143824 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 112
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.22, Page Number:1434"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1600.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=13500.0#V\n",
-      "r=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=30.0#ohm\n",
-      "load1=1280.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load1*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi1-ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= -11.9909032489 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.23, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "thetadel=math.atan((vp*sinphi+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira))\n",
-      "delta=math.degrees(thetadel)-math.degrees(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",delta,\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 48.0405877623 %\n",
-        "power angle= 18.9704078085 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.24, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6000.0#KVA\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "p=2.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i2=125.0#A\n",
-      "v1=8000.0#V\n",
-      "i3=800.0#A\n",
-      "d=0.03\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v1/(3**0.5*i3)\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "rd=d*vp\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=rd\n",
-      "ra=ira/il\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-ra**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+il*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= 62.2972136768 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.25, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "i=600#A\n",
-      "v2=900#V\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i)\n",
-      "rp=r/2\n",
-      "re=rp*1.5\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-re**2)**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=il*rp\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp+ira)**2+(ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1\",reg1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8\",reg2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=1 7.32796146323 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 23.8398862235 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.26, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "load1=11#KV\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x=5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "vt=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=solve(((pf*v+ira)**2+(sinphi*v-ixs)**2)**0.5-e0,v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v[1],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 6978.31767618569 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.27, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1200#KVA\n",
-      "load1=3.3#KV\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=35#A\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=1.1#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v*1000/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "e=v+ia*zs\n",
-      "change=(e-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"per unit change=\",change"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "per unit change= 0.349909254054\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 151
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.28, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11#kV\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v2=12370#V\n",
-      "vt=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E0=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v2/3**0.5\n",
-      "pf=0\n",
-      "sinphi=1\n",
-      "xs=(v-(E0**2-(i*r)**2)**0.5)/i\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "e0=((E0*pf+ira)**2+(E0*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-E0)*100/E0\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 19.6180576177 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.29, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=3500#v\n",
-      "load=2280#KW\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "r=8#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vl=vt/3**0.5\n",
-      "vp=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1*pf)\n",
-      "drop=vl-vp\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x=vl/(z+drop/il)\n",
-      "vtp=vl-x*drop/il\n",
-      "vtpl=vtp*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",vtpl,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 3420.781893 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.30, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.5#MVA\n",
-      "v=4160#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "zs=4750/(3**0.5*il)\n",
-      "ra=0\n",
-      "ixs=il*zs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(regn,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 91.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.31, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=20#A\n",
-      "i_f=37.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "eo=7600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(i_f**2+i*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "reg=(eo-v)*100/v\n",
-      "i=100*i_f/i_f1\n",
-      "zs=100*100/i\n",
-      "Eo=math.sqrt((100+zs*0.6)**2+(zs*pf)**2)\n",
-      "reg2=(Eo-100)*100/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation:\"\n",
-      "print \"by ampere turn method=\",reg,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"by synchronous impedence method=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation:\n",
-        "by ampere turn method= 15 %\n",
-        "by synchronous impedence method= 38.7243469779 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.32, Page Number:1442"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "V=v/math.sqrt(3)+(i*r**pf)\n",
-      "reg=(1555-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "reg2=(1080-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 lagging:\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 leading:\",round(reg2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 lagging: 34.7 %\n",
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 leading: -6.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.33, Page Number:1443"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x_drop=0.1\n",
-      "r_drop=0.02\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "p=800000#VA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ir_drop=r_drop*vp\n",
-      "leakage=x_drop*vp\n",
-      "E=math.sqrt((vp*pf+ir_drop)**2+(vp*0.6+leakage)**2)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I=\",round(i),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I= 140.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.34, Page Number:1444"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=17#A\n",
-      "p=2000000.0#VA\n",
-      "i_f2=42.5#A\n",
-      "v=6000.0/math.sqrt(3)#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((v*pf)**2+(v*0.6+450)**2)\n",
-      "#corresponding i=26.5 A\n",
-      "#field amperes required for balancing armature reaction=14.5A\n",
-      "i_f=math.sqrt(26.5**2+14.5**2+2*26.5*14.4*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resulting field current=\",round(i_f,1),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resulting field current= 36.9 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.35, Page Number:1446"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((vp*pf+i*2)**2+(vp*0.6+p/1000)**2)\n",
-      "i1=math.sqrt(108**2+30**2+2*108*30*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "#corresponding emf=7700V\n",
-      "reg=(7700-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage regulation= 21.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.36, Page Number:1448"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "p=275000.0#W\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "stator_i=35.0#A\n",
-      "exciting_i=50.0#A\n",
-      "x=0.08\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x_drop=v*x/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ia=i*exciting_i/stator_i\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(vp**2+x_drop**2)\n",
-      "oc=59.8#field current corresponding tothe voltage\n",
-      "i_fl=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "ia2=exciting_i*i_fl/stator_i\n",
-      "ei=math.sqrt(ia2**2+oc**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Exciting current=\",round(ei),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Exciting current= 69.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.37, Page Number:1449"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=600000.0#VA\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "l_drop=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "amp_turns=1.06*i*200.0/8\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "x_drop=vp*l_drop/100\n",
-      "oa=1910.0#V\n",
-      "reg=(2242.0-oa)*100/oa\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 17.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.38, Page Number:1450"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=15000000#VA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=8400\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "xl=640/i\n",
-      "zs=(v1/math.sqrt(3))/i\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eo=7540\n",
-      "reg=(eo-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 18.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.39, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "xd=0.7\n",
-      "xq=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(math.radians(36.9)+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"no load voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 14.4702941001 degrees\n",
-        "no load voltage= 1.51511515874 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.40, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "xd=0.6\n",
-      "xq=0.45\n",
-      "ra=0.015\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tanpsi=(v*sinphi+ia*xq)/(v*pf+ia*ra)\n",
-      "psi=math.atan(tanpsi)\n",
-      "delta=psi-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(psi)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(psi)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+iq*ra+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"open circuit voltage=\",e0,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "open circuit voltage= 1.44767600311 V\n",
-        "regulation= 44.7676003107 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.41, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=10#A\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(20)\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+ia*xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(phi+delta)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(phi+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"id=\",i_d,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iq=\",iq,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 8.23131209115 degrees\n",
-        "id= 4.7303232581 A\n",
-        "iq= 8.81045071911 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 189
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.42, Page Number:1459"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e1=220#V\n",
-      "f1=60#Hz\n",
-      "e2=222#V\n",
-      "f2=59#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "emax=(e1+e2)/2\n",
-      "emin=(e2-e1)/2\n",
-      "f=(f1-f2)\n",
-      "epeak=emax/0.707\n",
-      "pulse=(f1-f2)*60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max voltage=\",emax,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"min voltage=\",emin,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"peak value of voltage=\",epeak,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"number of maximum light pulsations/minute=\",pulse"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max voltage= 221 V\n",
-        "min voltage= 1 V\n",
-        "frequency= 1 Hz\n",
-        "peak value of voltage= 312.588401697 V\n",
-        "number of maximum light pulsations/minute= 60\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.43, Page Number:1462"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=1500#kVA\n",
-      "v=6.6#kV\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=power*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "tanphialpha=(vp*math.sin(phi)+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira)\n",
-      "phialpha=math.atan(tanphialpha)\n",
-      "alpha=phialpha-phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power angle= 7.87684146241\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 198
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.44, Page Number:1464"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#KVA\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v=3300#v\n",
-      "x=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ixs=x*vp\n",
-      "xs=x*vp/i\n",
-      "alpha=1*p/2\n",
-      "psy=3*3.14*vp**2/(60*xs*n)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronizing power=\",psy,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tsy*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronizing power= 628.0 kW\n",
-        "torque= 5997.4 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.45, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v1=3.3#kV\n",
-      "r=0.25\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000000/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,r*vp)\n",
-      "xs=ixs/i\n",
-      "v=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(e0.imag/e0.real)-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p=6/2\n",
-      "psy=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(alpha)*math.sin(math.radians(3))/xs\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*3*psy*100/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",-psy*3/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"toque=\",-tsy/100,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 722.236196153j kW\n",
-        "toque= 6897.35567326j N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 221
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.46, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#KVA\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=1#%\n",
-      "x=15#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "vph=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=r*vph/1000\n",
-      "ra=ira/i\n",
-      "xs=x*vph/(100*i)\n",
-      "zs=(ra**2+xs**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "alpha=p/2\n",
-      "psy=math.radians(alpha)*vph**2/xs\n",
-      "#fl 0.8 pf\n",
-      "e=((vph*pf+i*ra)**2+(vph*math.sin(math.acos(pf)+i*xs))**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy2=math.radians(alpha)*e*vph/xs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous power at:\"\n",
-      "print \"no load=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf of 0.8=\",psy2,\"w\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous power at:\n",
-        "no load= 58177.6417331 W\n",
-        "at pf of 0.8= 73621.2350169 w\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.47, Page Number:1466"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "v1=6000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(4)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "e0=((v*pf)**2+(v*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i*r)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy=alpha*e0*v*3/r\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous torque=\",tsy,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 514916.500204 W\n",
-        "synchronous torque= 6556.60343593 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.48, Page Number:1467"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "xs=r*vp/(1000*i)\n",
-      "p=120*f/n\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(2)\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "psy=3*alpha*vp**2/(p*1000)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy*1000/(n*2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8\n",
-      "v2=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,i*4)\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "psy2=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(math.radians(8.1))*math.sin(math.radians(2))*3/4\n",
-      "tsy2=9.55*psy2/(n*20)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power:\"\n",
-      "print \"atno load=\",psy,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"at 0.8 pf=\",psy2,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"torque:\"\n",
-      "print \"at no load=\",tsy,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8=\",tsy2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power:\n",
-        "atno load= 872.664625997 w\n",
-        "at 0.8 pf= 1506057.44405 w\n",
-        "torque:\n",
-        "at no load= 2777.98239276 N-m\n",
-        "at pf=0.8= 479.428286357 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.49, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6.6#kW\n",
-      "load1=3000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "xa=complex(0.5,10)\n",
-      "xb=complex(0.4,12)\n",
-      "i0=150#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=complex(load*1000/3**0.5,0)\n",
-      "cosphi1=1500*1000/(load*1000*i0*3**0.5)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(cosphi1)\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(phi1)\n",
-      "i=328*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "i1=i0*complex(cosphi1,-sinphi1)\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "coshi2=i2.real/181\n",
-      "ea=v+i1*xa\n",
-      "eal=3**0.5*abs(ea)\n",
-      "eb=v+i2*xb\n",
-      "ebl=3**0.5*abs(eb)\n",
-      "alpha1=(ea.imag/ea.real)\n",
-      "alpha2=(eb.imag/eb.real)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Ea=\",ea,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha1=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha2=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Ea= (4602.91884998+1275.81974829j) V\n",
-        "Eb= (5352.42648271+1524.56032028j) V\n",
-        "alpha1= 15.8810288383 degrees\n",
-        "alpha2= 16.3198639435 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 245
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.50, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declration\n",
-      "e1=complex(230,0)\n",
-      "e2=230*complex(0.985,0.174)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0,2)\n",
-      "z2=complex(0,3)\n",
-      "z=6\n",
-      "i1=((e1-e2)*z+e1*z2)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i2=((e2-e1)*z+e2*z1)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*z\n",
-      "p1=abs(v)*abs(i1)*math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=abs(v)*abs(i2)*math.cos(math.atan(i2.imag/i2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power 1=\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power 2=\",p2,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= (222.905384615-28.5730769231j) V\n",
-        "current (37.1508974359-4.76217948718j) A\n",
-        "power 1= 3210.60292765 W\n",
-        "power 2= 5138.29001053 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 249
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.51, Page Number:1471"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1500#kW\n",
-      "v=11#KV\n",
-      "pf=0.867\n",
-      "x=50#ohm\n",
-      "r=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "iwatt=il*pf\n",
-      "iwattless=il*sinphi\n",
-      "i1=il/2\n",
-      "i2=iwatt/2\n",
-      "iw1=(i**2-i1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw2=i2-iw1\n",
-      "ia=(i2**2+iw2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "vt=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ir=i*r\n",
-      "ix=x*i\n",
-      "cosphi=i2/i\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "e=((vt*cosphi+ir)**2+(vt*sinphi+ix)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 43.4628778514 A\n",
-        "line voltage= 14304.0798593 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.52, Page Number:1472"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=6000#kW\n",
-      "pfa=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phia=math.acos(pfa)\n",
-      "tanphi=math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "tanphia=math.tan(phia)\n",
-      "loadkvar=load*1000*tanphi\n",
-      "akvar=output*tanphia\n",
-      "kwb=(load*1000-output)\n",
-      "kvarb=loadkvar-akvar\n",
-      "kvab=complex(kwb,kvarb)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(math.atan(kvab.imag/kvab.real))\n",
-      "kvarb=kwb*pfb\n",
-      "kvara=-loadkvar-kvarb\n",
-      "kvaa=complex(output,kvara)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(math.atan(kvaa.imag/kvaa.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new pfb=\",pfb\n",
-      "print \"new pfa=\",pfa"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new pfb= 0.628980253433\n",
-        "new pfa= 0.513894032194\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.54, Page Number:1473"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "load=1000#KVA\n",
-      "x=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=87.5\n",
-      "x=8.7\n",
-      "vp=3810\n",
-      "e0=4311\n",
-      "ir=70\n",
-      "ix=52.5\n",
-      "IX=762\n",
-      "vb1=(e0**2-vp**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1x=vb1\n",
-      "i1=i1x/x\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*v*i1/1000\n",
-      "b2v=(vp**2+e0**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2z=b2v\n",
-      "i2=b2v/x\n",
-      "i2rx=e0\n",
-      "i2r=i2rx/x\n",
-      "i2x=vp/x\n",
-      "tanphi2=i2x/i2r\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(tanphi2)\n",
-      "cosphi2=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "output1=3**0.5*v*i2*cosphi2/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output at unity pf=\",output,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output1,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " power output at unity pf= 2650.38477722 kW\n",
-        "max power output= 5664.52285143 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 255
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.55, Page Number:1474"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=220.0#A\n",
-      "load=11.0#kV\n",
-      "per=25.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "oa1=load*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "a1c1=i*x\n",
-      "e0=(oa1**2+a1c1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "emf=(1+per/100)*e0\n",
-      "a1a2=(emf**2-a1c1**2)**0.5-oa1\n",
-      "ix=a1a2/x\n",
-      "i1=(i**2+ix**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=i/i1\n",
-      "bv=(oa1**2+emf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "imax=bv/x\n",
-      "ir=emf/x\n",
-      "ix=oa1/x\n",
-      "pfmax=ir/imax\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*load*1000*imax*pfmax*0.001\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new current= 281.573453399 A\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.781323655849\n",
-        "max power output= 16006.7954319 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 258
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.56, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#MVA\n",
-      "load1=35.0#MVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=25.0#MVA\n",
-      "cosphi1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loadmw=load1*pf\n",
-      "loadmvar=load1*0.6\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "mva1=25\n",
-      "mw1=mva1*cosphi1\n",
-      "mvar1=25*sinphi1\n",
-      "mw2=loadmw-mw1\n",
-      "mvar2=loadmvar-mvar1\n",
-      "mva2=(mw2**2+mvar2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cosphi2=mw2/mva2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",mva2\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 10.4509862952\n",
-        "pf= 0.52626611926\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 260
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.57, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "load=600#KW\n",
-      "loadm=707#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "output=900#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kva=1000\n",
-      "kvar=kva*(1-pf1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "active_p=1307-output\n",
-      "reactive_p=loadm-kvar\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"active power shared by second machine=\",active_p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"reactive power shared by second machine=\",reactive_p,\"kVAR\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "active power shared by second machine= 407 kW\n",
-        "reactive power shared by second machine= 271.110105646 kVAR\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.58, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l1=500#kW\n",
-      "l2=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "l3=800#kW\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "l4=500#kW\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "output=1500#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.95\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kw1=l1\n",
-      "kw2=l2\n",
-      "kw3=l3\n",
-      "kw4=500\n",
-      "kvar2=kw2*0.436/pf1\n",
-      "kvar3=kw3*0.6/pf2\n",
-      "kvar4=kw4*0.436/pf3\n",
-      "kvar=output/pf\n",
-      "kw=kw1+kw2+kw3+kw4-output\n",
-      "kvar=kvar2+kvar3+kvar4-kvar\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(math.atan(kvar/kw))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW output=\",kw\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kW output= 1300\n",
-        "pf= 0.981685651341\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 264
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.59, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,2)\n",
-      "ze=complex(3,4)\n",
-      "emf1=complex(2000,0)\n",
-      "emf2=complex(22000,100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=complex(68.2,-102.5)\n",
-      "i2=complex(127,-196.4)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*ze\n",
-      "pva1=v*i1\n",
-      "kw1=pva1.real*3\n",
-      "a11=math.atan(-i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "a12=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(a11-a12)\n",
-      "pva2=v*i2\n",
-      "kw2=pva2.real*3\n",
-      "a21=math.atan(-i2.imag/i2.real)\n",
-      "a22=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(a21-a22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kw output 1=\",kw1/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 1=\",pf1\n",
-      "print \"kw output 2=\",kw2/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 2=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kw output 1= 328.79427\n",
-        "pf 1= 0.606839673468\n",
-        "kw output 2= 610.34892\n",
-        "pf 2= 0.596381892841\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 273
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.63, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500#rpm\n",
-      "j=1.5*10**4#khm2\n",
-      "ratio=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"natural time period of oscillation=\",round(t,3),\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "natural time period of oscillation= 1.364 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.64, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10000#KVA\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "xs=25#%\n",
-      "pf=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=100/xs\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "j=(pf/(0.0083*ns))**2*load*ratio*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"moment of inertia=\",j/1000,\"x10^4 kg-m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "moment of inertia= 29.0317898098 x10^4 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 277
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.65, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#MVA\n",
-      "v=10.0#kV\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "j=2.0*10**5#kgm2\n",
-      "x=40.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=100.0/x\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*1000*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of oscillation of the rotor=\",round(1/t,1),\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of oscillation of the rotor= 0.2 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 283
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.66, Page Number:1483"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "z=complex(1,10)\n",
-      "emf=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=emf*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "costheta=z.real/abs(z)\n",
-      "pmax=e*v*3/(z.imag*1000)\n",
-      "pmax_per_phase=(v/abs(z))*(e-(v/abs(z)))*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max output =\",pmax_per_phase/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max output = 14125.5529273 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 285
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.67, Page Number:1484"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11#kVA\n",
-      "load1=10#MW\n",
-      "z=complex(0.8,8.0)\n",
-      "v=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pmax=(load*1000/3**0.5)*(v*1000/3**0.5)*3/z.imag\n",
-      "imax=((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5/z.imag\n",
-      "pf=(v/3**0.5)*1000/((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum output=\",pmax/1000000,\"MW\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",imax,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum output= 19.25 MW\n",
-        "current= 1284.92866209 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.786318338822\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 289
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_J8Upmcr.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_J8Upmcr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index feb75575..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_J8Upmcr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5447 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:37afbdb95d83a409c42483f9400df0ec405aafcb3f017067345a44342a88aaf2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 32: Transformer"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.1, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "phi=1.2#Wb-m2\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "a=v2/(4.44*f*n2*phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"secondary turns=\",n2\n",
-      "print \"area of core=\",round(a,2),\"m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary turns= 31.25\n",
-        "secondary turns= 375.0\n",
-        "area of core= 0.03 m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.2, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "bm=1.3#Tesla\n",
-      "sf=0.9\n",
-      "per=10#%\n",
-      "a=20*20*sf/10000#m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "n2=v2/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "e_per_turn=v1/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV TURNS=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"LV TURNS=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"EMF per turns=\",round(e_per_turn,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV TURNS= 1059.0\n",
-        "LV TURNS= 53.0\n",
-        "EMF per turns= 10.4 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.3, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=1000.0\n",
-      "a=60.0/10000.0#cm2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "e1=520.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "bm=e1/(4.44*f*n1*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak value of flux density=\",bm,\"WB/m2\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary winding=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak value of flux density= 0.975975975976 WB/m2\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary winding= 1300.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.4, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=50.0\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "e1=v/n1\n",
-      "e2=e1*n2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary and secondary currents=\",i1,\"A\", i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary emf=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWB\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary and secondary currents= 8.33333333333 A 83.3333333333 A\n",
-        "secondary emf= 300.0 V\n",
-        "flux= 27.027027027 mWB\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.5, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "load=300#kVA\n",
-      "phim=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=4.44*f*phim\n",
-      "e2=v2/1.732\n",
-      "t1=v1/e\n",
-      "t2=e2/e\n",
-      "output=load/3\n",
-      "HV=100*1000/v1\n",
-      "LV=100*1000/e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",t1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",t2\n",
-      "print \"emf per turn=\",e2\n",
-      "print \"full load HV=\",HV\n",
-      "print \"full load LV=\",LV"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 990.990990991\n",
-        "LV turns= 28.6082849593\n",
-        "emf per turn= 317.551963048\n",
-        "full load HV= 9\n",
-        "full load LV= 314.909090909\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.6, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=1200.0\n",
-      "a=80.0/10000.0#m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phim=n1/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "bm=phim/a\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak flux-density=\",bm,\"Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak flux-density= 0.563063063063 Wb\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary= 1200.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.7, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varible declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=250.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "v=1500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current an secondary current=\",i1,\"A\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)seconary emf=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)maximum flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current an secondary current= 16.6666666667 A 104.166666667 A\n",
-        "ii)seconary emf= 240.0 V\n",
-        "iii)maximum flux= 27.027027027 mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.8, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "a=20.0*20.0/10000#m2\n",
-      "phim=1.0#Wbm2\n",
-      "v1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2=v2/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "t1=t2*v1/v2\n",
-      "n1=t1/2\n",
-      "n2=t2/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 168.918918919\n",
-        "LV turns= 12.3873873874\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.9, Page Number:1126"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "p=400.0#W\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "i0=0.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=p/v1\n",
-      "imu=(i1**2-il**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw=i0*pf\n",
-      "imu2=(i0**2-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"magnetising currents=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iron loss current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"magnetising components of no load primary current=\",imu2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"working components of no-load primary current=\",iw,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "magnetising currents= 0.571788552492 A\n",
-        "iron loss current= 0.181818181818 A\n",
-        "magnetising components of no load primary current= 0.476969600708 A\n",
-        "working components of no-load primary current= 0.15 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.10, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "l=150.0#cm\n",
-      "airgap=0.1#mm\n",
-      "e1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "d=7.8#grma/cm3\n",
-      "loss=2.0#watt/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=e1/(4.44*f*n1*phim)\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "v2=k*e1\n",
-      "iron=l*5\n",
-      "air=phim*airgap/(1000*4*3.14*10**(-7))\n",
-      "bmax=iron+air\n",
-      "imu=bmax/(n1*2**0.5)\n",
-      "volume=l*a\n",
-      "im=volume*d*10\n",
-      "total_i=im*2\n",
-      "iw=total_i/(e1)\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=iw/i0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross sectional area=\",a*10000,\"cm2\"\n",
-      "print \"b)no load secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"c)no load current=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross sectional area= 225.225225225 cm2\n",
-        "b)no load secondary voltage= 240.0 V\n",
-        "c)no load current= 1.19577611723 A\n",
-        "d)power factor= 0.145353269536\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.11, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1000\n",
-      "n2=200\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=280#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i2_=i2/5\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(phi1))\n",
-      "i1=i*complex(pf,-sinphi)+i2_*complex(pf2,-sinphi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",abs(i1),\"/_\",math.degrees(phi1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 64.4918252531 /_ 36.8698976458 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.12, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=440.0#v\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "i0=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=120.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "angle=phi2-phi0\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+(2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle)))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the primary=\",i1,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the primary= 33.9022604184 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.13, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=800.0\n",
-      "n2=200.0\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i1=25.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.707\n",
-      "i2=80.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i0pf2=i1*pf2-i2_*pf\n",
-      "i0sinphi=i1*pf2-i2_*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "phi0=math.atan(i0sinphi/i0pf2)\n",
-      "i0=i0sinphi/math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load current=\",i0,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load current= 5.91703050525 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.14, Page Number:1131"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i0=complex(2,-9.8)\n",
-      "i2_=complex(42.5,-26.35)\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(i1.real/57.333)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= (44.5-36.15j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 39.0890154959 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.15, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable decaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=120.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.22#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.034#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1*k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"high voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"low voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "high voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 13.7 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 5.02 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 14.5907642021 ohm\n",
-        "low voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 0.03425 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.01255 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0364769105051 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.16, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=4400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.009#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.2#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)resistance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)reactance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)impedence=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"v)copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance=\n",
-        "primary= 7.05 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.017625 ohm\n",
-        "reactance=\n",
-        "primary= 11.2 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.028 ohm\n",
-        "impedence=\n",
-        "primary= 13.2341414531 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.0330853536327 ohm\n",
-        "copper loss= 910.382231405 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.17, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "z2=v/(i2)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z2_=z2/k**2\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)load impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"b)impedence referred to high tension side=\",z2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)the value of current referred to the high tension side=\",i2_,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)load impedence= 1.152 ohm\n",
-        "b)impedence referred to high tension side= 115.2 ohm\n",
-        "c)the value of current referred to the high tension side= 20.8333333333 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 70
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.18, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=317.0#V\n",
-      "load2=0.62#kW\n",
-      "lvload=0.48#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r1=load2*1000/i**2\n",
-      "r2=lvload*1000/i2**2\n",
-      "r2_=r2*k**2\n",
-      "x01=4*v1/(i1*100)\n",
-      "x2_=x01*r2_/(r1+r2_)\n",
-      "x1=x01-x2_\n",
-      "x2=x2_*10/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)r1=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2_=\",r2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x1=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2_=\",x2_,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)r1= 7.502 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.004823472 ohm\n",
-        "r2_= 5.808 ohm\n",
-        "ii)reactance= 48.4 ohm\n",
-        "x1= 27.28 ohm\n",
-        "x2= 0.175398981818 ohm\n",
-        "x2_= 21.12 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 76
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.19, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "k=19.5\n",
-      "r1=25.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=1.25#A\n",
-      "angle=30#degrees\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=50#V\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v2=complex(500,0)\n",
-      "i2=i2*complex(0.8,-0.6)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "e2=v2+i2*z2\n",
-      "beta=math.atan(e2.imag/e2.real)\n",
-      "e1=e2*k\n",
-      "i2_=i2/k\n",
-      "angle=beta+math.radians(90)+math.radians(angle)\n",
-      "i0=i*complex(math.cos(angle),math.sin(angle))\n",
-      "i1=-i2_+i0\n",
-      "v2=-e1+i1*complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real)-math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "power=abs(v2)*i*math.cos(math.radians(60))\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i2)**2*r02\n",
-      "output=500*abs(i2)*pf2\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+power\n",
-      "inpt=output+loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary applied voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"primary pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary applied voltage= (-11464.2126901-1349.15424294j) V\n",
-        "primary pf= 0.698572087114\n",
-        "efficiency= 86.7261056254 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 94
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.20, Page Number:1138"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=1100#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "zh=complex(0.1,0.4)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.006,0.015)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "#HV \n",
-      "r1=zh.real+zl.real*k**2\n",
-      "x1=zh.imag+zl.imag*k**2\n",
-      "z1=(r1**2+x1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#LV\n",
-      "r2=r1/k**2\n",
-      "x2=x1/k**2\n",
-      "z2=z1/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"LV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.25 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.775 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.814324873745 ohm\n",
-        "LV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.01 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.031 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0325729949498 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.21, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230#V\n",
-      "v2=460#V\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.75#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.8#ohm\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x02=x2+k**2*x1\n",
-      "vd=i*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "vt2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",vt2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 424.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.22, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.0#%\n",
-      "x=5.0#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "mu=r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "mu2=r**2+x*0\n",
-      "mu3=r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lag:\",mu,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1:\",mu2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lead:\",mu3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lag: 3.8 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=1: 1.0 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lead: -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 98
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.23, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "regn=r*cosphi+x*sinphi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.59016994375 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4472135955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.24, Page Number:1142"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "load1=500#KVA\n",
-      "load2=400#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kw=load2*pf\n",
-      "kvar=load2*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "drop=(r*kw/load1)+(x*kvar/load1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage voltage drop=\",drop,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage voltage drop= 4.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.25, Page Number:1144"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.286#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.319#ohm\n",
-      "ro=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "xo=1250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2_=complex(r2_,x2_)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.387,0.29)\n",
-      "ym=complex(0.004,-0.0008)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "zl_=zl/(k**2)\n",
-      "zm=1/ym\n",
-      "x=zm+zl_+z2_\n",
-      "i1=v1/(z1+(zm*(z2_+zl_))/(zm+z2_+zl_))\n",
-      "i2_=i1*zm/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "io=i1*(z2_+zl_)/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "pf=i1.real/abs(i1)\n",
-      "pi=v1*abs(i1)*pf/1000\n",
-      "po=abs(i2_)**2*zl_.real/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i1)**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_loss2=abs(i2_)**2*r2_\n",
-      "core_loss=io.real**2*240\n",
-      "e=po*100/pi\n",
-      "v2_=i2_*zl_\n",
-      "reg=(v1-v2_.real)*100/v2_.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power input=\",round(pi.real,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output=\",round(po,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Primary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Secondary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss2),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e.real,2),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",round(reg.real),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power input= 104.6 kW\n",
-        "Power output= 82.5 kW\n",
-        "Primary Cu loss= 854.0 W\n",
-        "Secondary Cu loss= 680.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 78.91 %\n",
-        "Regulation= 3.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.26, Page Number:1145"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=600#V\n",
-      "v2=1080#V\n",
-      "v=720#V\n",
-      "load=8#W\n",
-      "load2=10#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ir2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "il2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ir2_=ir2*v2/v1\n",
-      "il2_=il2*v/v1\n",
-      "ir2=math.sqrt(ir2_**2+il2_**2)\n",
-      "s=complex(load,load2)\n",
-      "s=abs(s)\n",
-      "pf=load/s\n",
-      "i=s*load2*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 21.3437474581 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.624695047554\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "i=0.5#A\n",
-      "p=30#W\n",
-      "r=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=v/v1\n",
-      "pf=p/(i*v)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sqrt(1-pf**2)\n",
-      "ip=i*sinphi\n",
-      "iw=i*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*r\n",
-      "iron_loss=p-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)turns ratio=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"ii)magnetising component of no-load current=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)working component of no-load current=\",iw,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)the iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)turns ratio= 2\n",
-        "ii)magnetising component of no-load current= 0.481045692921 A\n",
-        "iii)working component of no-load current= 0.136363636364 A\n",
-        "iv)the iron loss= 29.85 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 104
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=2000.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.2#A\n",
-      "po=90.0#W\n",
-      "vs=50.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=5.0#A\n",
-      "ps=110.0#W\n",
-      "p=3.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r0=v**2/po\n",
-      "ia0=v/r0\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(io**2-ia0**2)\n",
-      "xm=v/ip\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ps/25\n",
-      "x=math.sqrt(z**2-r**2)\n",
-      "r1=r*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "x1=x*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "i_lv1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i_lv=(p*1000/pf)/v\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "reg=i_lv*(r1*pf+x1*sinphi)/v\n",
-      "vt=v2-reg*1000/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"LV crrent at rated load=\",i_lv1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf\",i_lv,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"output secondary voltage=\",vt,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "LV crrent at rated load= 25.0 A\n",
-        "LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf 18.75 A\n",
-        "output secondary voltage= 999.832975251 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 3.34049498886 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.29, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "loss1=52.0#W\n",
-      "f1=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss2=90.0#W\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(loss1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(loss2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 45.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 25.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.30, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "m=10#kg\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f1=25.0\n",
-      "f2=40.0\n",
-      "f3=50.0\n",
-      "f4=60.0\n",
-      "f5=80.0\n",
-      "l1=18.5/f1\n",
-      "l2=36.0/f2\n",
-      "l3=50.0/f3\n",
-      "l4=66.0/f4\n",
-      "l5=104.0/f5\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([l1/f1-(A+f1*B),l2/f2-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "eddy_loss_per_kg=ans[B]*f**2/m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz=\",eddy_loss_per_kg,\"W\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "F=[f1,f2,f3,f4,f5]\n",
-      "L=[l1,l2,l3,l4,l5]\n",
-      "plt.plot(F,L)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"f -->\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Wi/f\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,100))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0.74,2))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz= -0.118333333333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      },
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYcAAAEPCAYAAACp/QjLAAAABHNCSVQICAgIfAhkiAAAAAlwSFlz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\n1eGBB+C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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458da10>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.31, Page Number:1148"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "v1=440#V\n",
-      "f1=50#Hz\n",
-      "p1=2500#W\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f2=25#Hz\n",
-      "p2=850#z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(p1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(p2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 900.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 1600.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.32, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f1=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "core=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=650.0#W\n",
-      "we=350.0#W\n",
-      "v2=2000.0#V\n",
-      "f2=100.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=wh/f1\n",
-      "b=we/f1**2\n",
-      "wh=a*f2\n",
-      "we=b*f2**2\n",
-      "new_core=wh+we\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new core loss=\",new_core,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " new core loss= 2700.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.33, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=1.4#Wb/m2\n",
-      "we=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=3000.0#W\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wh1=wh*1.1**1.6\n",
-      "we1=we*1.1**2\n",
-      "wh2=wh*0.9**(-0.6)\n",
-      "wh3=wh*1.1**1.6*1.1**(-0.6)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%=\",wh1,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%=\",wh2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%=\",wh3,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%= 3494.21441464 W and 1210.0 W\n",
-        "b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%= 3195.77171838 W\n",
-        "c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%= 3300.0 W and 1210.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 119
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.34, Page Number:1150"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "wh=600.0#W\n",
-      "we=loss-wh\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "a=wh/f\n",
-      "b=we/f**2\n",
-      "core_loss=a*f2+b*f2**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core loss at 60 Hz=\",core_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core loss at 60 Hz= 1350.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.35, Page Number:1151"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KvA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x01=34.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary voltage=\",vsc,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary voltage= 199.519931911 V\n",
-        "pf= 0.523468222173\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.36, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.7#A\n",
-      "po=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#v\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ps=85.0#W\n",
-      "load=5.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cosphi0=po/(vo*io)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi0))\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=io*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "r02=ps/i_s**2\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load/pf\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/v2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "print z02\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "1.5\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 377.788243349 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.37, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "k=1.0/6\n",
-      "r1=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "vsc=330.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=vsc/z01\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "cosphisc=i1**2*r01/(vsc*i1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in low voltage winding=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(cosphisc,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in low voltage winding= 200.396236149 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.38, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "r0=1500.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=750.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(iw**2+imu**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pi=v1*iw\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "power=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"reading of instruments=\",vsc,\"V,\",i1,\"A,\",power,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "reading of instruments= 46.8187996429 V, 20.0 A, 880.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 140
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.39, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per1=98.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "per2=98.8#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculaions\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output*100/per2\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "inpt_half=(load/2)*pf*100/per1\n",
-      "loss2=inpt_half-400\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss,(x/4)+y-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "kva=load*(ans[y]/ans[x])*0.5\n",
-      "output=kva*1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]\n",
-      "total_loss=2*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load copper loss= 4.07324441521606 kW\n",
-        "maximum efficiency= 0.968720013059872 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.40, Page Number:1154"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#v\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x01=0.37#ohm\n",
-      "r0=600.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=300.0#ohm\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tantheta=iw/imu\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(tantheta)\n",
-      "theta0=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "angle=theta0-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle))**0.5\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=x01*k**2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current= 20.6693546639 A\n",
-        "ii)secondary terminal voltage= 386.32 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 149
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.43, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=80.0\n",
-      "r1=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=1.1#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=complex(r01,x01)\n",
-      "z02=k**2*z01\n",
-      "v2=k*v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(z02.real*pf-z02.imag*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=vd*100/v2\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent impedence= (0.022+0.079j) ohm\n",
-        "ii)voltage regulation= -1.53925619835 %\n",
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 446.772727273 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.44, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=450.0#V\n",
-      "vb=120.0#V\n",
-      "v1=120.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=80.0#W\n",
-      "v2=9.65#V\n",
-      "i2=22.2#A\n",
-      "w2=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=vb/va\n",
-      "i0=i1*k\n",
-      "cosphi0=w1/(va*i0)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(cosphi0)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "iw=i0*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=i0*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=va/iw\n",
-      "x0=va/imu\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=vb/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "iron_loss=w1\n",
-      "cu_loss=(0.5**2)*w2\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf/2\n",
-      "efficiency2=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent circuit constants=\"\n",
-      "print \"z01=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r01=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8=\",efficiency*100,\"%\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent circuit constants=\n",
-        "z01= 0.434684684685 ohm\n",
-        "x01= 0.360090249002 ohm\n",
-        "r01= 0.243486729973 ohm\n",
-        "ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8= 97.5609756098 % 2.02885695496 %\n",
-        "iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8= 97.3236009732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.45, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=2200.0#V\n",
-      "vb=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=220.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=148.0#W\n",
-      "v2=86.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.5#A\n",
-      "w2=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(pf,1),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 2.94177963326 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 172
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.46, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "v=60.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "w=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v_=400.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v/i\n",
-      "r01=w/i**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage applied to hv side=\",v1+vd,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage applied to hv side= 2065.90767043 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 182
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.47, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=12.0#A\n",
-      "ws=100.0#W\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.0#A\n",
-      "wo=80.0#W\n",
-      "i2=10#A\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "pg=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cosphi0=wo/(vo*io)\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=(1-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "r02=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x02/k**2\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=wo\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=i2*v2*pf/(i2*v2*pf+total_loss)\n",
-      "v1_=((vo*pf+x01)**2+(vo*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"applied voltage=\",v1_,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "applied voltage= 251.442641983 V\n",
-        "efficiency= 96.3984469139 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.48, Page Number:1160"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=3.0#kVA\n",
-      "vo=230.0#V\n",
-      "io=2.0#A\n",
-      "wo=100.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=13.0#A\n",
-      "ws=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ws\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ws/(vs**2)\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.90121149256 %\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 194
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.49, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94\n",
-      "per=0.90\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=per*load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "core_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "pc=core_loss/per**2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=pc\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.5728354534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 196
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.50, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.96#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.0396#ohm\n",
-      "x1=15.8#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.158#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "r=r2+r1*(v2/v1)**2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "v1_=v2+i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(r/x)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)HV side voltage necessary=\",v1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)pf=\",round(pf,2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)HV side voltage necessary= 2409.9826087 V\n",
-        "b)pf= 0.97\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 199
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.51, Page Number:1162"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#v\n",
-      "r1=3.4#ohm\n",
-      "x1=7.2#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.028#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.060#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r=r1*(v2/v1)**2+r2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "ad=i*r*pf\n",
-      "dc=i*x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "oc=v2+ad+dc\n",
-      "bd=i*r*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "b_f=x*pf\n",
-      "cf=b_f-bd\n",
-      "v1_=(oc**2+cf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage on hv side=\",v1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage on hv side= 2229.28500444 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.52, Page Number:1163"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.7#A\n",
-      "w1=65.0#W\n",
-      "v=15.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "w2=75.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.80\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "ih=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2\n",
-      "constant_loss=w1\n",
-      "z=v/i2\n",
-      "r=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=load*100000/(load*1000+cu_loss+constant_loss)\n",
-      "regn=i2*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load regulation=\",regn,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.6183574879 %\n",
-        "full load regulation= 13.7942286341 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 209
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.53, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x=(z**2-cu_loss**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r01=cu_loss*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x01=x*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "z01=z*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "isc=i1*100/z\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"%x=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"primary sc current=\",isc,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "%x= 3.5721142199 %\n",
-        "resistance= 3.9204 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 7.78006477094 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 8.712 ohm\n",
-        "primary sc current= 378.787878788 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.54, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=220.0#V\n",
-      "i_o=4.2#A\n",
-      "wo=148.0#W\n",
-      "vs=86.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.5#A\n",
-      "ws=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "z10=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x01=(z10**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "v1_=((v1*pf+i1*r01)**2+(v1*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn1=(v1_-v1)/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "cu_loss_half=(i1/2)**2*r01\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000*pf*100/(load*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "efficiency_half=(load/2)*1000*pf*100/((load/2)*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "print v1_                                  \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)core loss=\",wo,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)equivalent resistance primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)equivalent resistance secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"d)equivalent reactance primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"e)equivalent reactance secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"f)regulation=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"g)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"h)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency_half,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "2265.01840886\n",
-        "a)core loss= 148.0 W\n",
-        "b)equivalent resistance primary= 3.26530612245 ohm\n",
-        "c)equivalent resistance secondary= 0.0326530612245 ohm\n",
-        "d)equivalent reactance primary= 7.51143635755 ohm\n",
-        "e)equivalent reactance secondary= 0.0751143635755 ohm\n",
-        "f)regulation= 2.95538222101 %\n",
-        "g)efficiency at full load= 97.4548448466 %\n",
-        "h)efficiency at half load= 95.0360304208 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 222
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.55, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=1.0/100\n",
-      "ex=5.0/100\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn2=er*1\n",
-      "regn3=er*pf-ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation with pf=1=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag= 3.8 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation with pf=1= 1.0 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead= -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.56, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per=0.97\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "zper=0.10\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*1\n",
-      "x=0.75\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(output*(1/per-1))\n",
-      "pc=pi/x**2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r=pc*1000/i1**2\n",
-      "er=i1*r/v1\n",
-      "ez=zper\n",
-      "ex=(ez**2-er**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 7.52529846012 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.57, Page Number:1166"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5#%\n",
-      "xdrop=3.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pur=cu_loss/100\n",
-      "pux=xdrop/100\n",
-      "regn2=pur*pf+pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn1=pur*1\n",
-      "regn3=pur*pf-pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation at unity pf=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation at 0.8 lag=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation at 0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation at unity pf= 1.5 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation at 0.8 lag= 3.3 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation at 0.8 lead= -0.9 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.58, Page Number:1168"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#KVA\n",
-      "w1=5.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=7.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "loss=total_loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*w2/2\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+2.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.0186963113 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.59, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "w1=350.0#W\n",
-      "w2=400.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+w1\n",
-      "efficiency2=(load*1000/2)/((load*1000/2)+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency at full load= 97.0873786408 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 232
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.60, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=efficiency**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of P1 and P2=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of P1 and P2= 0.5625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.61, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load1=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=1.4#kW\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.6#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "load=load1*(cu_loss/loss)**0.5\n",
-      "total_loss=loss*2\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=cu_loss*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=total_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output2=(load/2)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency2=output2/(output2+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load for max efficiency=\",load1,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"max efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load for max efficiency= 150.0 kVA\n",
-        "max efficiency= 98.283858876 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 95.2481856352 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 237
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.62, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=40#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=112#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "def e(k):\n",
-      "    e=k*pf*1000*100/(k*pf*1000+(cu_loss*(k/5)**2+40))\n",
-      "    return(e)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "e1=e(1.25)\n",
-      "e2=e(2.5)\n",
-      "e3=e(3.75)\n",
-      "e4=e(5.0)\n",
-      "e5=e(6.25)\n",
-      "e6=e(7.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=[1.25,2.5,3.75,5.0,6.25,7.5]\n",
-      "E=[e1,e2,e3,e4,e5,e6]\n",
-      "plt.plot(K,E)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"load,kVA\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Efficiency\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,8))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((92,98))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458d610>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.63, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "x=loss*1000/(1+9.0/16)\n",
-      "y=(9.0/16)*x\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*(1.0/2)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+y\n",
-      "output=load*pf*0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at hald load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at hald load= 97.9216626699 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.64, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*pf*1000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary resistance= 0.02 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 97.7284199899 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.65, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x01=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i2=1000*load*ratio/v2\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output*1000+total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/(inpt)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 2.4 w\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.8660287081 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.66, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=324.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=4*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*pf/(load*pf+cu_loss/1000+loss/1000)\n",
-      "per=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)percent of full-load=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency= 95.6708921311 %\n",
-        "ii)percent of full-load= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.67, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.8#A\n",
-      "wo=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ws=60.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "loss=ws+wo\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss/1000)\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r02=ws/i2**2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "load=load*(wo/ws)**0.5\n",
-      "load=load*1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"load at unity pf=\",load,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.0960960961 %\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 383.752729583 V\n",
-        "current= 20.0 A\n",
-        "load at unity pf= 4.32049379894 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.68, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "Wi=Symbol('Wi')\n",
-      "Wcu=Symbol('Wcu')\n",
-      "P=600.0#kVA\n",
-      "e=0.92#efficiency\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "x=0.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([(e*(1*P*1+Wi+1**2*Wcu))-(1*P*1),(e*(0.5*P*1+Wi+0.5*0.5*Wcu))-(0.5*P*1)],[Wi,Wcu])\n",
-      "e2=(x*P*pf*100)/((x*P*pf)+ans[Wi]+(x**2*ans[Wcu]))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 90.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.69, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=600.0#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "per=0.60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss1=inpt-load\n",
-      "inpt2=load/(2*efficiency)\n",
-      "loss2=inpt2-load/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss1,x+y/4-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]*0.36\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+ans[x]\n",
-      "output=load*per\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "389.913043478261\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.3282783229260 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.70, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "e1=0.98\n",
-      "e2=0.80\n",
-      "pf=8\n",
-      "z=0.05\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf1*e2\n",
-      "inpt=output/e1\n",
-      "loss=-output+inpt\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss_full=cu_loss/pf1**2\n",
-      "r=round(cu_loss_full*100/load)\n",
-      "sin=math.sin(math.acos(pf1))\n",
-      "regn=(r*pf1+5*sin)+(1.0/200)*(5*pf1-r*sin)**2\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 3.8578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.71, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=5000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=25.0#Hz\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5\n",
-      "we=0.5\n",
-      "wh=0.6\n",
-      "v2=10000.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss1=cu_loss*load/100\n",
-      "we1=we*load/100\n",
-      "wh1=wh*load/100\n",
-      "cu_loss2=cu_loss1\n",
-      "we2=(we1*(50.0/25.0)**2)\n",
-      "wh2=(wh1*(50.0/25))\n",
-      "e1=load*100/(load+cu_loss1+we1+wh1)\n",
-      "e2=load*2*100/(load*2+cu_loss2+we2+wh2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in first case=\",e1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in second case=\",e2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "20.47 0.06 0.05\n",
-        "full load efficiency in first case= 97.4658869396 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency in second case= 97.7039570103 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.72, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=300#KVA\n",
-      "r=1.5#%\n",
-      "load1=173.2#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*load*1000/100\n",
-      "iron_loss=(load1/load)**2*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(load*pf)*100/((load*pf)+(total_loss/1000))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.5610105096 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.73, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "a=0.04#m2\n",
-      "l=2.5#m\n",
-      "bm=1200\n",
-      "inpt=1200#W\n",
-      "pi=400#W\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "f2=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "n2=k*n1\n",
-      "i=1989/n1\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*inpt\n",
-      "total_loss=pi+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)n1=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"  n2=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"b)magnetising current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.00643416423287\n",
-        "a)n1= 216.0\n",
-        "  n2= 22.0\n",
-        "b)magnetising current= 9.21512347826 A\n",
-        "c)efficiency= 98.2398690135 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.74, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.8\n",
-      "x=5.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pf=r/x\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(pf)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "regn=r*math.cos(phi2)+x*math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "efficiency=100/(100+r*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)phi=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"b)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)phi= 18.4349488229 degrees\n",
-        "  ii)regulation= 5.6920997883 %\n",
-        "b)efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.75, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=3.0#A\n",
-      "wo=200.0#W\n",
-      "vsc=15.0#V\n",
-      "isc=30.0#A\n",
-      "wsc=300.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=(i/isc)**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wo)\n",
-      "z=vsc/isc\n",
-      "r=wsc/isc**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(i/v2)*(r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*v2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n",
-        "regulation= 1.72239475667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.76, Page Number:1177"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=400.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "x=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load*x*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+load*2/100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.2493723732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.77, Page Number:1178"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "v2=250#V\n",
-      "vsc=60#V\n",
-      "isc=20#A\n",
-      "wsc=150#W\n",
-      "per=1.2\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=per**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=per*load*1.0\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss*2/1000)\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "e2=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wsc)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n",
-        "full-load efficiency= 95.6251494143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.78, Page Number:1181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "cu_loss=4.5#kW\n",
-      "iron_loss=3.5#kW\n",
-      "t1=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "load1_=400.0#kW\n",
-      "load2_=300.0#kW\n",
-      "load3_=100.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.75\n",
-      "pf3=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load1=load1_/pf1\n",
-      "load2=load2_/pf2\n",
-      "load3=load3_/pf3\n",
-      "wc1=cu_loss\n",
-      "wc2=cu_loss*(load2/load1)**2\n",
-      "wc3=cu_loss*(load3/load1)**2\n",
-      "twc=(t1*wc1)+(t2*wc2)+(t3*wc3)+(t4*0)\n",
-      "iron_loss=24*iron_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=twc+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(t1*load1_)+(t2*load2_)+(t3*load3_)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 86
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.79, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=3.0#kW\n",
-      "tf=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*24/2\n",
-      "wcf=loss*tf/2\n",
-      "wch=loss/8\n",
-      "wch=wch*4\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+wch+wcf\n",
-      "output=load*tf+load*th/2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.2509225092 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.80, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "tf=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t10=14.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#1st transformer\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "tloss=inpt-load\n",
-      "y=tloss/2\n",
-      "x=y\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*tf+th*(x/2**2)+t10*(x/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=tf*load+th*load/2+t10*10\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "#2nd transformer\n",
-      "y=tloss/(1+1.0/4)\n",
-      "x=(tloss-y)\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "wc=tf*y+th*(y/2**2)+t10*(y/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+wc\n",
-      "e2=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency of forst transformer=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency ofsecond transformer=\",e2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.408163265306 1.63265306122\n",
-        "efficiency of forst transformer= 96.5245532574 %\n",
-        "efficiency ofsecond transformer= 97.7876610788 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.81, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "nl=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "ql=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "hl=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "fl=2.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-load\n",
-      "wc_fl=loss/2\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "wc_fl_4=(1.0/4)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=(1.0/2)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_ql=ql*wc_fl_4\n",
-      "wc_hl=hl*wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=fl*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc=wc_ql+wc_hl+wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wh=wc\n",
-      "loss=wh+24*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "half_output=(output/2)\n",
-      "q_load=(load/4)\n",
-      "output=ql*q_load+hl*half_output+fl*output\n",
-      "e=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 89.5592740985 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.82, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "load=15#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "pf1=0.5\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "k1=2#kW\n",
-      "k2=12#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "wc=loss/2\n",
-      "wi=loss/2\n",
-      "w1=k1/pf1\n",
-      "w2=k2/pf2\n",
-      "wc1=wc*(4/load)\n",
-      "wc2=wc\n",
-      "wc12=t1*wc1\n",
-      "wc6=t2*wc2\n",
-      "wc=(wc12+wc6)\n",
-      "wi=24*wi\n",
-      "output=(k1*t1)+(t2*k2)\n",
-      "inpt=output+wc+wi\n",
-      "e=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.918367346939 3.67346938776\n",
-        "efficiency= 95.4351795496 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.83, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "l1_=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "t=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "loss=1.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "l1=l1_/2\n",
-      "l2=l1_\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "loss=loss*2\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "wc1=t*(1.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc2=8*(2.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc=wc1+wc2\n",
-      "wi=24*1\n",
-      "loss=wc+wi\n",
-      "output=3*(l1*1)+8*(l2*1)\n",
-      "e2=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ordinary efficiency=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"all day efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ordinary efficiency= 98.6842105263 %\n",
-        "all day efficiency= 97.1480513578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.84, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94#%\n",
-      "nl=10\n",
-      "hl=5.0\n",
-      "ql=6.0\n",
-      "fl=3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(load*1000)*(1-efficiency)/efficiency\n",
-      "wch=(0.5)**2*pi\n",
-      "eh=wch*hl/1000\n",
-      "wcq=(0.25)**2*pi\n",
-      "eq=ql*wcq/1000\n",
-      "e3=pi*3/1000\n",
-      "e2=pi*24/1000\n",
-      "e=25*hl+12.5*ql+50*fl\n",
-      "efficiency=e/(e+e2+eh+eq+e3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.4557217274 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.85, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=8.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "k1=3.0#kW\n",
-      "k2=8.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.6\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x1=k1/(pf1*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=load/(1*load)\n",
-      "pc1=(0.5)**2*0.1\n",
-      "pc2=pc3=0.10\n",
-      "o1=k1*t1\n",
-      "o2=k2*t2\n",
-      "o3=k2*load\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "wc1=pc1*t1\n",
-      "wc2=pc2*t2\n",
-      "wc3=pc3*t3\n",
-      "cu_loss=wc1+wc2+wc3\n",
-      "loss=400.0*24/10000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficency= 98.27465179 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.86, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=.98\n",
-      "load=15.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0\n",
-      "t2=6.0\n",
-      "t3=6.0\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "k1=2.0\n",
-      "k2=12.0\n",
-      "k3=18.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "x1=k1/(0.5*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=k3/(pf3*load)\n",
-      "wc1=0.131\n",
-      "wc2=0.918\n",
-      "wc3=1.632\n",
-      "o1=t1*k1\n",
-      "o2=t2*k2\n",
-      "o3=t3*k3\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "loss=wc1+wc2+wc3+0.153*24\n",
-      "efficiency=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.9798386522 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.87, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=115.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "power=load*(1-k)\n",
-      "power2=k*load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)power transferred inductively=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"b)power transferred conductively=\",power2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)power transferred inductively= 1.5 kW\n",
-        "b)power transferred conductively= 1.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 145
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.88, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i1=k*i\n",
-      "saving=k*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"economy of cu=\",saving"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "economy of cu= 80.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 147
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.89, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=6600.0#V\n",
-      "v2=5000.0#V\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "phim1=1.3#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phim=e/(4.44*f)\n",
-      "area=phim/phim1\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core area=\",area*10000,\"m2\"\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the hv side=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the lv side=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core area= 277.2002772 m2\n",
-        "number of turns on the hv side= 825.0\n",
-        "number of turns on the lv side= 625.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.90, Page Number:1189"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2640*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i1_-i2\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 219.12 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 1095.6 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 91.3 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.91, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2160*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i2-i1_\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 179.28 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 896.4 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 74.7 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 160
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.92, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "iron_loss=50.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=load*1000/efficiency-load*1000-iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000/(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)\n",
-      "i2=(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"current drawn on hv side=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.9760216579 %\n",
-        "current drawn on hv side= 23.1967703349 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.93, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500#V\n",
-      "v2=2300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva=(v1+v2)*50*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage output=\",v1+v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating of auto transformer=\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage output= 13800 V\n",
-        "kVA rating of auto transformer= 690.0 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.94, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=2300.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#KVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*100/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*100/v2\n",
-      "kva1=(v1+v2)*i1/(100)\n",
-      "kva2=(v1+v2)*i2/(100)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage ratios=\",(v1+v2)/v1,\"or\",(v1+v2)/v2\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in first case=\",kva1\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in second case=\",kva2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage ratios= 1.2 or 6.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in first case= 120.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in second case= 600.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 167
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.95, Page Number:1192"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#v\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "output=2640*i2\n",
-      "i=i2*2640/v1\n",
-      "k=2640/v1\n",
-      "poweri=v1*i1*0.001\n",
-      "power=output/1000-poweri\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rating of the auto-transformer=\",output/1000,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"inductively transferred powers=\",poweri,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"conductively transferred powers=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rating of the auto-transformer= 550.0 kVA\n",
-        "inductively transferred powers= 50.0 kW\n",
-        "conductively transferred powers= 500.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 169
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.96, Page Number:1196"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "za=complex(0.5,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.,10)\n",
-      "load=100#KW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa)*math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb)*math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "96.082805253\n",
-        "SA= 74.5937961595 kW\n",
-        "SB= 25.4062038405 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.97, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r1=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "zb=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.degrees((-1)*math.acos(pf))*math.degrees(math.atan((za/zb).imag/(za/zb).real)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load of B=\",abs(za/zb)\n",
-      "print \"pf of B=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load of B= 1.21872643265\n",
-        "pf of B= 0.613584256393\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.98, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.2,4.8)\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(-pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 224.451917244 -39.3923099293\n",
-        "SB= 275.942423833 -34.8183886694\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 205
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.99, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "r1=0.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "r2=0.75\n",
-      "x2=4.0\n",
-      "load1=180.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=load1/pf\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "s1=s*z2/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "s2=s*z1/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "kw1=abs(s1)*math.cos(math.atan(s1.imag/s1.real))\n",
-      "kw2=abs(s2)*math.cos(math.atan(s2.imag/s2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW1=\",kw1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"kW2=\",kw2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "(1.25+12j)\n",
-        "kW1= 58.119626171 kW\n",
-        "kW2= 121.880373829 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.100, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(0.85,-0.527)\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA for A=\",abs(sa),math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA for B=\",abs(sb),math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA for A= 130.53263665 0.819364787986 lag\n",
-        "kVA for B= 105.238776124 0.884143252833 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.101, Page Number:1198"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "load=125.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(0.9,10)\n",
-      "zb=(100/50)*complex(1.0,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 63.0780848499 -39.929442891 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 62.1031510961 -33.7622749748 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 218
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.102, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "load2=250#kVA\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zb=(500/load2)*zb\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 471.125736359 -40.3232138964 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 281.165527855 -31.0771011508 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 219
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.103, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=1000#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.5,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=i*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ratio=zb/za\n",
-      "ib=i/(1+ratio)\n",
-      "ia=i-ib\n",
-      "ratio=ia.real/ib.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",ia\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",ib\n",
-      "print \"ratio of output=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= (504.451038576-341.246290801j)\n",
-        "IB= (295.548961424-258.753709199j)\n",
-        "ratio of output= 1.70682730924\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 220
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.104, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1.0,5.0)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.0,2.0)\n",
-      "load1=300.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(100.0/250)*zb\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "zab=za*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "drop=zab.real*240/100+zab.imag*180/100\n",
-      "v2=v2-v2*drop/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 55.8895719399 -64.6284382469 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 251.890896741 -30.9383707209 degrees\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 486.177874187 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.105, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n11=5000.0\n",
-      "n12=440.0\n",
-      "load1=200#kVA\n",
-      "n21=5000.0\n",
-      "n22=480.0\n",
-      "load2=350#kVA\n",
-      "x=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=load1*1000/n12\n",
-      "i2=load2*1000/n22\n",
-      "x1=x*n12/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x2=x*n22/(100*i2)\n",
-      "ic=(n22-n12)/0.057\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load circulation current=\",ic/i1,\"times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load circulation current= 1.54385964912 times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.106, Page Number:1203"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "ea=6600#V\n",
-      "eb=6400#V\n",
-      "za=complex(0.3,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.2,1)\n",
-      "zl=complex(8.0,6.0)\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",abs(ia),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",abs(ib),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 195.492387533 A\n",
-        "IB= 422.567795916 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 227
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.107, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "load2=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=950.0#V\n",
-      "r1=2.0\n",
-      "r2=2.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "x2=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/v1\n",
-      "ra=v1*r1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=v1*x1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/v2\n",
-      "rb=v2*r2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=v2*x2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "z=((ra+rb)**2+(xa+xb)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/z\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan((xa+xb)/(ra+rb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load circulating current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load circulating current= 25.0948635944 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.108, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=1000.0#KVA\n",
-      "load2=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=510.0#V\n",
-      "z1=3.0\n",
-      "z2=5.0\n",
-      "r=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/480\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/480\n",
-      "za=z1*v1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "zb=z2*v2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "ic=(v2-v1)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"cross current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "cross current= 315.656565657 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.109, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "loada=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "loadb=250.0#kVA\n",
-      "load=750.0#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=405.0#V\n",
-      "v2=415.0#V\n",
-      "ra=1.0\n",
-      "rb=1.5\n",
-      "xa=5.0\n",
-      "xb=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=loada*1000/400\n",
-      "ra=400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=xa*400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=loadb*1000/400\n",
-      "rb=rb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=xb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "za=complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "zl=400**2*0.001/load*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "ia=(v1*zb+(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(v2*za-(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "sa=400*ia/1000\n",
-      "sb=400*ib/1000\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real))\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross current=\",-abs(ic),math.degrees(math.atan(ic.imag/ic.real))\n",
-      "print \"b)SA=\",abs(sa),pf1,\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"  SB=\",abs(sb),pf2,\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross current= -229.754569404 -72.8972710309\n",
-        "b)SA= 387.844943528 0.820048560714 lag\n",
-        "  SB= 351.964386212 0.738709225528 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.110, Page Number:1205"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zl=complex(2.0,1.5)\n",
-      "za=complex(0.15,0.5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.1,0.6)\n",
-      "ea=207#V\n",
-      "eb=205#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2_=(ia+ib)*zl\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ia.imag/ia.real)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ib.imag/ib.real)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "pa=abs(v2_)*abs(ia)*pfa\n",
-      "pb=abs(v2_)*abs(ib)*pfb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pa,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pb,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pfa\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pfb\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output:\n",
-        " A: 6535.37583042 W\n",
-        " B: 4925.36941503 W\n",
-        "power factor:\n",
-        " A: 0.818428780129\n",
-        " B: 0.775705655277\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 248
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.111, Page Number:1206"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "ib=600.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rb=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "xa=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "xb=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "ea=245.0#V\n",
-      "eb=240.0#V\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.25,0.1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=(ea/ia)*complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=(eb/ib)*complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "i=(ea*zb+eb*za)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2=i*zl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(abs(v2)),round(math.degrees(math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real))),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 230.0 -3.0 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_JCq8HAi.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_JCq8HAi.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f35c124e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_JCq8HAi.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1233 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:fc88e8a107629d62ff7c77f84f67a9d9da67e1160053ed6d930ef88cb4cc11d6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 27: Armature Reaction and Commutation"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.1, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=722\n",
-      "ia=100.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=8.0#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 802.222222222\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 3710.27777778\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.2, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=1280\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "commuter=160\n",
-      "advanced_segments=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/8\n",
-      "theta_m=advanced_segments*360/commuter\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 800.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1200.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(a), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=880\n",
-      "ia=120.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=3.0#degrees\n",
-      "n=1100#tturns/pole\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "iadditional=(atd_perpole/n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"b)cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"c)additional field current=\",iadditional,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)armature demagnetization= 440.0 AT\n",
-        "b)cross-magnetization= 6160.0 AT\n",
-        "c)additional field current= 0.4 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(b), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=480\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0*2#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/4\n",
-      "total=(z*i)/(2*p)\n",
-      "atd_perpole=total*(2*theta_m/180)\n",
-      "atc_perpole=total*(1-(2*theta_m/180))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 500.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1750.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.4, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=492\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0\n",
-      "ia=143.0+10.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=ia/2#wave wound\n",
-      "i2=ia/4#lap wound\n",
-      "atd_perpole1=z*i1*theta_m/360#wave wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt1=atd_perpole1/theta_m\n",
-      "atd_perpole2=z*i2*(theta_m/360.0)#lap wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt2=atd_perpole2/theta_m\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"wave wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole1,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt1)\n",
-      "print \"lap wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole2,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "wave wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 1045.5 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 104\n",
-        "lap wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 522.75 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 52\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.5, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "p=50*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "z=400\n",
-      "commuter=4\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "segments=z/a\n",
-      "theta=pole*360.0/segments\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360)\n",
-      "extra=atd/ish\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"demagnetisation=\",atd,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt turns/poles\",extra"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "demagnetisation= 820.0 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt turns/poles 164.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.6, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "theta=10.0#degrees\n",
-      "lambda_=1.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*p))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "atd=z*i*theta/360\n",
-      "extra=lambda_*atd/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)cross magnetization ampere-turns=\",atc\n",
-      "print \"ii)back ampere-turns\",atd\n",
-      "print \"iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns\",int(extra)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)cross magnetization ampere-turns= 2777.77777778\n",
-        "ii)back ampere-turns 1388.88888889\n",
-        "iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns 9\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.7, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=22.38#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "z=840\n",
-      "commutator=140\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ish=1.8#A\n",
-      "back=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=p*1000.0/efficiency\n",
-      "input_i=motor_input/v\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2.0\n",
-      "theta=back*360/commutator\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360.0)\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*pole))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole=\",atd\n",
-      "print \"distorting amp-turns/pole=\",atc"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole= 251.998140496\n",
-        "distorting amp-turns/pole= 2687.98016529\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.8, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ia=1000#A\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "z=860\n",
-      "per=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "at=per/p*z*(i/2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"AT/pole for compensation winding=\",at"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "AT/pole for compensation winding= 3010.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.9, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "segment=123\n",
-      "wb=3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=n/60.0*segment\n",
-      "commutation=wb/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commutation time=\",commutation*1000,\"millisecond\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commutation time= 1.82926829268 millisecond\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.10, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "d=30#cm\n",
-      "ia=150#A\n",
-      "wb=1.25#cm\n",
-      "L=0.07*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "v=3.14*d*(n/60)\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 19.782 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.11, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "segments=55\n",
-      "n=900\n",
-      "wb=1.74\n",
-      "L=153*math.pow(10,-6)#H\n",
-      "i=27#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=segments*n/60\n",
-      "Tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/Tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 3.91732758621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.12, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "z=64\n",
-      "wb=1.2\n",
-      "L=0.05#mH\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "L=L*0.001\n",
-      "v=n/60*z\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "#i.linear\n",
-      "E1=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "#ii.sinusoidal\n",
-      "E2=1.11*E1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Linear commutation,E=\",E1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Sinosoidal commutation,E=\",E2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Linear commutation,E= 5.0 V\n",
-        "Sinosoidal commutation,E= 5.55 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.13, Page Number:951"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "B=0.5#Wb/m2\n",
-      "Ig=4.0#mm\n",
-      "ia=500.0#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "arm_mmf=z*(ia/p)/(2*p)\n",
-      "compole=int(B*Ig*0.001/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)))\n",
-      "mag=0.1*compole\n",
-      "total_compole=int(compole+mag)\n",
-      "total_mmf=arm_mmf+total_compole\n",
-      "Ncp=total_mmf/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of turns on each commutating pole=\",int(Ncp)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of turns on each commutating pole= 11\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.14, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p1=100.0#kW\n",
-      "V1=250#V\n",
-      "p2=300.0#kW\n",
-      "V2=250#V\n",
-      "i1=200#A\n",
-      "i2=500#A\n",
-      "il=600#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "delI1=p1/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "delI2=p2/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load=\",delI1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load=\",delI2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load= 150.0 A\n",
-        "Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load= 450.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 92
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.15, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v_nl1=270#V\n",
-      "v_l=220#V\n",
-      "il1=35#A\n",
-      "v_nl2=280#V\n",
-      "il2=50#A\n",
-      "il=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v_nl1-v_l\n",
-      "vd_pa=vd1/il1#voltage drop per ampere\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd_pa2=(v_nl2-v_l)/il2\n",
-      "#270=(10/7)i1=280-1.2*i2\n",
-      "ans=solve([4.2*i2-5*i1-35,i1+i2-60],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v_nl2-vd_pa2*ans[i2]\n",
-      "o1=v*ans[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=v*ans[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output current of first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1)\n",
-      "print \"output current of second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1)\n",
-      "print \"output of first machine=\",round(o1,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second machine=\",round(o2,1),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output current of first machine= 23.6\n",
-        "output current of second machine= 36.4\n",
-        "output of first machine= 5.7 kW\n",
-        "output of second machine= 8.9 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.16, Page Number:958"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rf=20#ohm\n",
-      "i=4000#A\n",
-      "v1=210#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#V+(i1+v/20)*0.01=210\n",
-      "#V+(i2+v/20)*0.01=220\n",
-      "#solving the above two equations we have i1-i2=1000\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1-i2-1000,i1+i2-4000],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=solve([v1-(ans[i1]+v/20)*0.01-v],[v])\n",
-      "o1=V[v]*ans[i1]/1000\n",
-      "o2=V[v]*ans[i2]/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",V[v],\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"output of first generator=\",o1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second generator=\",o2,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Bus bar voltage= 184.907546226887 V\n",
-        "output of first generator= 462.268865567216 kW\n",
-        "output of second generator= 277.361319340330 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.17, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "i=250.0#A\n",
-      "v1=50.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=100.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.06\n",
-      "r2=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v*r1\n",
-      "il1=v1*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d1=vd1/il1\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd2=v*r2\n",
-      "il2=v2*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d2=vd2/il2\n",
-      "#3i1/10=i2/10\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1+i2-i,3*i1-i2],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v-(3*ans[i1]/10)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(v,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to first machine= 62.5 A\n",
-        "current delivered to second machine= 187.5 A\n",
-        "terminal voltage= 481.3 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.18, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x1=Symbol('x1')\n",
-      "x2=Symbol('x2')\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "w1=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=119.0#V\n",
-      "w2=200.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=116.0#V\n",
-      "i=3500.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-119)(x1/100)] for generator 1\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-116)(x2/100)] for generator 2\n",
-      "#(250x1*1000/100)+(200x2*1000/100)=v*3500\n",
-      "#v=125-6x1/100\n",
-      "ans=solve([(250.0*x1*1000.0/100.0)+(200.0*(2.0*x1*1000.0)/300.0)-((125.0-((6.0*x1)/100.0))*3500.0)],[x1])\n",
-      "V=v-(6.0*ans[x1]/100.0)\n",
-      "ans2=solve([V-(v-((v-v2)*(x2/100.0)))],[x2])\n",
-      "ratio=ans[x1]/ans2[x2]\n",
-      "I=solve([ratio-((i1*w2)/(i2*w1)),i1+i2-i],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(I[i1],0),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(I[i2],0),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 2283.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 1217.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.19, Page Number:960"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "IA=Symbol('IA')\n",
-      "IB=Symbol('IB')\n",
-      "va1=240.0#V\n",
-      "va2=220.0#v\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "vb1=245.0#V\n",
-      "vb2=220.0#V\n",
-      "ib=150.0#A\n",
-      "i=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=solve([(va1-((va1-va2)*IA/ia))-(vb1-((vb1-vb2)*IB/ib)),IA+IB-i],[IA,IB])\n",
-      "vbus=va1-((va1-va2)*I[IA]/ia)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",round(I[IA],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",round(I[IB],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"V bus=\",round(vbus,2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 168.75 A\n",
-        "IB= 131.25 A\n",
-        "V bus= 223.13 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.20, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "n=5.0#number ofshunt generators\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "incr=0.04#increase in current\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=p/n\n",
-      "o=load*1000.0/v\n",
-      "a_drop=ra*o\n",
-      "emf=v+a_drop\n",
-      "incr=incr*emf\n",
-      "emf1=emf+incr\n",
-      "#emf1-ra*i1=V\n",
-      "#emf-ra*i2=V\n",
-      "I=solve([emf1-emf-ra*(i1-i2),i1+4.1*i2-510],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=I[i1]+4.0*I[i2]#V=i1+4*i2\n",
-      "o1=V*I[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=V*I[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power output of first machine=\",round(o1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output of second machine=\",round(o2,2),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage=\",round(V),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power output of first machine= 133.0 kW\n",
-        "Power output of second machine= 30.24 kW\n",
-        "Terminal voltage= 504.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.21, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "i=1500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "emf1=400.0#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "emf2=440.0#V\n",
-      "rs1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs2=80.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#i2=1500-i1\n",
-      "#ish1=v/100, ish2=v/80\n",
-      "#ia1=i1+v/100, ia2=i2+v/80\n",
-      "ans=solve([(0.5/0.04)-((emf1-1.005*V)/(1.0005*V-380))],[V])\n",
-      "i1=(emf1-1.005*ans[V])/0.5\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "o1=ans[V]*i1/1000\n",
-      "o2=ans[V]*i2/1000\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage=\",round(ans[V],2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 33.86 A\n",
-        "I2= 1466.14 A\n",
-        "Terminal Voltage= 381.16 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.22, Page Number:962"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v1=250#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "rf1=100#ohm\n",
-      "v2=248#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "rf2=100#ohm\n",
-      "i=40#A\n",
-      "ir=0.172#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([V+((I+V/rf1)*ra1)-v1,V+((I+V/rf2)*ra2)-v2],[I,V])\n",
-      "ib=i-2*ans[I]\n",
-      "vd=ib*ir\n",
-      "eb=ans[V]+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf of battery=\",round(eb),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of battery= 248.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.23, Page Number:963"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=400#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "vb=410#V\n",
-      "rb=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "V=390#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loada=(va-V)/ra\n",
-      "loadb=(vb-V)/rb\n",
-      "pa=loada*V\n",
-      "pb=loadb*V\n",
-      "net_v=vb-va\n",
-      "total_r=ra+rb\n",
-      "i=net_v/total_r\n",
-      "terminal_v=va+(i*ra)\n",
-      "power_AtoB=terminal_v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",terminal_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power=\",power_AtoB,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 15.3846153846 A\n",
-        "Voltage= 403.846153846 V\n",
-        "Power= 6213.01775148 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.24, Page Number:964"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "i=500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "ra2=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "sw1=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "sw2=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "e1=240.0#V\n",
-      "e2=244.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "V=solve([(((e1-v)/ra1)+((e2-v)/ra2)-i)],[v])\n",
-      "i1=(e1-V[v])/ra1\n",
-      "i2=(e2-V[v])/ra2\n",
-      "#ratio of series winding (1/0.004):(1/0.0006) or 3:2\n",
-      "is1=i*3/5\n",
-      "is2=i*2/5\n",
-      "vbus=V[v]-(is1*sw1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current in series winding:\"\n",
-      "print \"generator A=\",round(is1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"generator B=\",round(is2),\"B\"\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",round(vbus,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 200.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 300.0 A\n",
-        "Current in series winding:\n",
-        "generator A= 300.0 A\n",
-        "generator B= 200.0 B\n",
-        "Bus bar voltage= 236.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_K3IUht7.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_K3IUht7.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index feb75575..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_K3IUht7.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5447 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:37afbdb95d83a409c42483f9400df0ec405aafcb3f017067345a44342a88aaf2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 32: Transformer"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.1, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "phi=1.2#Wb-m2\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "a=v2/(4.44*f*n2*phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"secondary turns=\",n2\n",
-      "print \"area of core=\",round(a,2),\"m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary turns= 31.25\n",
-        "secondary turns= 375.0\n",
-        "area of core= 0.03 m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.2, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "bm=1.3#Tesla\n",
-      "sf=0.9\n",
-      "per=10#%\n",
-      "a=20*20*sf/10000#m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "n2=v2/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "e_per_turn=v1/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV TURNS=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"LV TURNS=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"EMF per turns=\",round(e_per_turn,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV TURNS= 1059.0\n",
-        "LV TURNS= 53.0\n",
-        "EMF per turns= 10.4 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.3, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=1000.0\n",
-      "a=60.0/10000.0#cm2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "e1=520.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "bm=e1/(4.44*f*n1*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak value of flux density=\",bm,\"WB/m2\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary winding=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak value of flux density= 0.975975975976 WB/m2\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary winding= 1300.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.4, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=50.0\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "e1=v/n1\n",
-      "e2=e1*n2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary and secondary currents=\",i1,\"A\", i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary emf=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWB\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary and secondary currents= 8.33333333333 A 83.3333333333 A\n",
-        "secondary emf= 300.0 V\n",
-        "flux= 27.027027027 mWB\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.5, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "load=300#kVA\n",
-      "phim=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=4.44*f*phim\n",
-      "e2=v2/1.732\n",
-      "t1=v1/e\n",
-      "t2=e2/e\n",
-      "output=load/3\n",
-      "HV=100*1000/v1\n",
-      "LV=100*1000/e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",t1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",t2\n",
-      "print \"emf per turn=\",e2\n",
-      "print \"full load HV=\",HV\n",
-      "print \"full load LV=\",LV"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 990.990990991\n",
-        "LV turns= 28.6082849593\n",
-        "emf per turn= 317.551963048\n",
-        "full load HV= 9\n",
-        "full load LV= 314.909090909\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.6, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=1200.0\n",
-      "a=80.0/10000.0#m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phim=n1/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "bm=phim/a\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak flux-density=\",bm,\"Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak flux-density= 0.563063063063 Wb\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary= 1200.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.7, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varible declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=250.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "v=1500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current an secondary current=\",i1,\"A\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)seconary emf=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)maximum flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current an secondary current= 16.6666666667 A 104.166666667 A\n",
-        "ii)seconary emf= 240.0 V\n",
-        "iii)maximum flux= 27.027027027 mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.8, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "a=20.0*20.0/10000#m2\n",
-      "phim=1.0#Wbm2\n",
-      "v1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2=v2/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "t1=t2*v1/v2\n",
-      "n1=t1/2\n",
-      "n2=t2/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 168.918918919\n",
-        "LV turns= 12.3873873874\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.9, Page Number:1126"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "p=400.0#W\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "i0=0.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=p/v1\n",
-      "imu=(i1**2-il**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw=i0*pf\n",
-      "imu2=(i0**2-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"magnetising currents=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iron loss current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"magnetising components of no load primary current=\",imu2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"working components of no-load primary current=\",iw,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "magnetising currents= 0.571788552492 A\n",
-        "iron loss current= 0.181818181818 A\n",
-        "magnetising components of no load primary current= 0.476969600708 A\n",
-        "working components of no-load primary current= 0.15 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.10, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "l=150.0#cm\n",
-      "airgap=0.1#mm\n",
-      "e1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "d=7.8#grma/cm3\n",
-      "loss=2.0#watt/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=e1/(4.44*f*n1*phim)\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "v2=k*e1\n",
-      "iron=l*5\n",
-      "air=phim*airgap/(1000*4*3.14*10**(-7))\n",
-      "bmax=iron+air\n",
-      "imu=bmax/(n1*2**0.5)\n",
-      "volume=l*a\n",
-      "im=volume*d*10\n",
-      "total_i=im*2\n",
-      "iw=total_i/(e1)\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=iw/i0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross sectional area=\",a*10000,\"cm2\"\n",
-      "print \"b)no load secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"c)no load current=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross sectional area= 225.225225225 cm2\n",
-        "b)no load secondary voltage= 240.0 V\n",
-        "c)no load current= 1.19577611723 A\n",
-        "d)power factor= 0.145353269536\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.11, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1000\n",
-      "n2=200\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=280#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i2_=i2/5\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(phi1))\n",
-      "i1=i*complex(pf,-sinphi)+i2_*complex(pf2,-sinphi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",abs(i1),\"/_\",math.degrees(phi1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 64.4918252531 /_ 36.8698976458 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.12, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=440.0#v\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "i0=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=120.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "angle=phi2-phi0\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+(2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle)))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the primary=\",i1,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the primary= 33.9022604184 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.13, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=800.0\n",
-      "n2=200.0\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i1=25.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.707\n",
-      "i2=80.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i0pf2=i1*pf2-i2_*pf\n",
-      "i0sinphi=i1*pf2-i2_*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "phi0=math.atan(i0sinphi/i0pf2)\n",
-      "i0=i0sinphi/math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load current=\",i0,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load current= 5.91703050525 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.14, Page Number:1131"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i0=complex(2,-9.8)\n",
-      "i2_=complex(42.5,-26.35)\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(i1.real/57.333)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= (44.5-36.15j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 39.0890154959 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.15, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable decaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=120.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.22#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.034#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1*k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"high voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"low voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "high voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 13.7 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 5.02 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 14.5907642021 ohm\n",
-        "low voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 0.03425 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.01255 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0364769105051 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.16, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=4400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.009#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.2#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)resistance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)reactance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)impedence=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"v)copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance=\n",
-        "primary= 7.05 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.017625 ohm\n",
-        "reactance=\n",
-        "primary= 11.2 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.028 ohm\n",
-        "impedence=\n",
-        "primary= 13.2341414531 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.0330853536327 ohm\n",
-        "copper loss= 910.382231405 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.17, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "z2=v/(i2)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z2_=z2/k**2\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)load impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"b)impedence referred to high tension side=\",z2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)the value of current referred to the high tension side=\",i2_,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)load impedence= 1.152 ohm\n",
-        "b)impedence referred to high tension side= 115.2 ohm\n",
-        "c)the value of current referred to the high tension side= 20.8333333333 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 70
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.18, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=317.0#V\n",
-      "load2=0.62#kW\n",
-      "lvload=0.48#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r1=load2*1000/i**2\n",
-      "r2=lvload*1000/i2**2\n",
-      "r2_=r2*k**2\n",
-      "x01=4*v1/(i1*100)\n",
-      "x2_=x01*r2_/(r1+r2_)\n",
-      "x1=x01-x2_\n",
-      "x2=x2_*10/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)r1=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2_=\",r2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x1=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2_=\",x2_,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)r1= 7.502 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.004823472 ohm\n",
-        "r2_= 5.808 ohm\n",
-        "ii)reactance= 48.4 ohm\n",
-        "x1= 27.28 ohm\n",
-        "x2= 0.175398981818 ohm\n",
-        "x2_= 21.12 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 76
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.19, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "k=19.5\n",
-      "r1=25.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=1.25#A\n",
-      "angle=30#degrees\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=50#V\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v2=complex(500,0)\n",
-      "i2=i2*complex(0.8,-0.6)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "e2=v2+i2*z2\n",
-      "beta=math.atan(e2.imag/e2.real)\n",
-      "e1=e2*k\n",
-      "i2_=i2/k\n",
-      "angle=beta+math.radians(90)+math.radians(angle)\n",
-      "i0=i*complex(math.cos(angle),math.sin(angle))\n",
-      "i1=-i2_+i0\n",
-      "v2=-e1+i1*complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real)-math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "power=abs(v2)*i*math.cos(math.radians(60))\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i2)**2*r02\n",
-      "output=500*abs(i2)*pf2\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+power\n",
-      "inpt=output+loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary applied voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"primary pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary applied voltage= (-11464.2126901-1349.15424294j) V\n",
-        "primary pf= 0.698572087114\n",
-        "efficiency= 86.7261056254 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 94
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.20, Page Number:1138"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=1100#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "zh=complex(0.1,0.4)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.006,0.015)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "#HV \n",
-      "r1=zh.real+zl.real*k**2\n",
-      "x1=zh.imag+zl.imag*k**2\n",
-      "z1=(r1**2+x1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#LV\n",
-      "r2=r1/k**2\n",
-      "x2=x1/k**2\n",
-      "z2=z1/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"LV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.25 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.775 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.814324873745 ohm\n",
-        "LV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.01 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.031 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0325729949498 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.21, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230#V\n",
-      "v2=460#V\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.75#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.8#ohm\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x02=x2+k**2*x1\n",
-      "vd=i*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "vt2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",vt2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 424.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.22, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.0#%\n",
-      "x=5.0#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "mu=r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "mu2=r**2+x*0\n",
-      "mu3=r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lag:\",mu,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1:\",mu2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lead:\",mu3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lag: 3.8 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=1: 1.0 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lead: -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 98
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.23, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "regn=r*cosphi+x*sinphi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.59016994375 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4472135955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.24, Page Number:1142"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "load1=500#KVA\n",
-      "load2=400#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kw=load2*pf\n",
-      "kvar=load2*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "drop=(r*kw/load1)+(x*kvar/load1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage voltage drop=\",drop,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage voltage drop= 4.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.25, Page Number:1144"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.286#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.319#ohm\n",
-      "ro=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "xo=1250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2_=complex(r2_,x2_)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.387,0.29)\n",
-      "ym=complex(0.004,-0.0008)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "zl_=zl/(k**2)\n",
-      "zm=1/ym\n",
-      "x=zm+zl_+z2_\n",
-      "i1=v1/(z1+(zm*(z2_+zl_))/(zm+z2_+zl_))\n",
-      "i2_=i1*zm/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "io=i1*(z2_+zl_)/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "pf=i1.real/abs(i1)\n",
-      "pi=v1*abs(i1)*pf/1000\n",
-      "po=abs(i2_)**2*zl_.real/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i1)**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_loss2=abs(i2_)**2*r2_\n",
-      "core_loss=io.real**2*240\n",
-      "e=po*100/pi\n",
-      "v2_=i2_*zl_\n",
-      "reg=(v1-v2_.real)*100/v2_.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power input=\",round(pi.real,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output=\",round(po,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Primary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Secondary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss2),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e.real,2),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",round(reg.real),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power input= 104.6 kW\n",
-        "Power output= 82.5 kW\n",
-        "Primary Cu loss= 854.0 W\n",
-        "Secondary Cu loss= 680.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 78.91 %\n",
-        "Regulation= 3.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.26, Page Number:1145"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=600#V\n",
-      "v2=1080#V\n",
-      "v=720#V\n",
-      "load=8#W\n",
-      "load2=10#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ir2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "il2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ir2_=ir2*v2/v1\n",
-      "il2_=il2*v/v1\n",
-      "ir2=math.sqrt(ir2_**2+il2_**2)\n",
-      "s=complex(load,load2)\n",
-      "s=abs(s)\n",
-      "pf=load/s\n",
-      "i=s*load2*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 21.3437474581 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.624695047554\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "i=0.5#A\n",
-      "p=30#W\n",
-      "r=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=v/v1\n",
-      "pf=p/(i*v)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sqrt(1-pf**2)\n",
-      "ip=i*sinphi\n",
-      "iw=i*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*r\n",
-      "iron_loss=p-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)turns ratio=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"ii)magnetising component of no-load current=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)working component of no-load current=\",iw,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)the iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)turns ratio= 2\n",
-        "ii)magnetising component of no-load current= 0.481045692921 A\n",
-        "iii)working component of no-load current= 0.136363636364 A\n",
-        "iv)the iron loss= 29.85 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 104
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=2000.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.2#A\n",
-      "po=90.0#W\n",
-      "vs=50.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=5.0#A\n",
-      "ps=110.0#W\n",
-      "p=3.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r0=v**2/po\n",
-      "ia0=v/r0\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(io**2-ia0**2)\n",
-      "xm=v/ip\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ps/25\n",
-      "x=math.sqrt(z**2-r**2)\n",
-      "r1=r*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "x1=x*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "i_lv1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i_lv=(p*1000/pf)/v\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "reg=i_lv*(r1*pf+x1*sinphi)/v\n",
-      "vt=v2-reg*1000/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"LV crrent at rated load=\",i_lv1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf\",i_lv,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"output secondary voltage=\",vt,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "LV crrent at rated load= 25.0 A\n",
-        "LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf 18.75 A\n",
-        "output secondary voltage= 999.832975251 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 3.34049498886 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.29, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "loss1=52.0#W\n",
-      "f1=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss2=90.0#W\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(loss1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(loss2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 45.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 25.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.30, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "m=10#kg\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f1=25.0\n",
-      "f2=40.0\n",
-      "f3=50.0\n",
-      "f4=60.0\n",
-      "f5=80.0\n",
-      "l1=18.5/f1\n",
-      "l2=36.0/f2\n",
-      "l3=50.0/f3\n",
-      "l4=66.0/f4\n",
-      "l5=104.0/f5\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([l1/f1-(A+f1*B),l2/f2-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "eddy_loss_per_kg=ans[B]*f**2/m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz=\",eddy_loss_per_kg,\"W\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "F=[f1,f2,f3,f4,f5]\n",
-      "L=[l1,l2,l3,l4,l5]\n",
-      "plt.plot(F,L)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"f -->\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Wi/f\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,100))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0.74,2))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz= -0.118333333333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      },
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458da10>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.31, Page Number:1148"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "v1=440#V\n",
-      "f1=50#Hz\n",
-      "p1=2500#W\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f2=25#Hz\n",
-      "p2=850#z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(p1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(p2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 900.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 1600.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.32, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f1=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "core=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=650.0#W\n",
-      "we=350.0#W\n",
-      "v2=2000.0#V\n",
-      "f2=100.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=wh/f1\n",
-      "b=we/f1**2\n",
-      "wh=a*f2\n",
-      "we=b*f2**2\n",
-      "new_core=wh+we\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new core loss=\",new_core,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " new core loss= 2700.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.33, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=1.4#Wb/m2\n",
-      "we=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=3000.0#W\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wh1=wh*1.1**1.6\n",
-      "we1=we*1.1**2\n",
-      "wh2=wh*0.9**(-0.6)\n",
-      "wh3=wh*1.1**1.6*1.1**(-0.6)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%=\",wh1,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%=\",wh2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%=\",wh3,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%= 3494.21441464 W and 1210.0 W\n",
-        "b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%= 3195.77171838 W\n",
-        "c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%= 3300.0 W and 1210.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 119
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.34, Page Number:1150"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "wh=600.0#W\n",
-      "we=loss-wh\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "a=wh/f\n",
-      "b=we/f**2\n",
-      "core_loss=a*f2+b*f2**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core loss at 60 Hz=\",core_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core loss at 60 Hz= 1350.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.35, Page Number:1151"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KvA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x01=34.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary voltage=\",vsc,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary voltage= 199.519931911 V\n",
-        "pf= 0.523468222173\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.36, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.7#A\n",
-      "po=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#v\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ps=85.0#W\n",
-      "load=5.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cosphi0=po/(vo*io)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi0))\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=io*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "r02=ps/i_s**2\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load/pf\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/v2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "print z02\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "1.5\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 377.788243349 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.37, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "k=1.0/6\n",
-      "r1=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "vsc=330.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=vsc/z01\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "cosphisc=i1**2*r01/(vsc*i1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in low voltage winding=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(cosphisc,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in low voltage winding= 200.396236149 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.38, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "r0=1500.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=750.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(iw**2+imu**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pi=v1*iw\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "power=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"reading of instruments=\",vsc,\"V,\",i1,\"A,\",power,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "reading of instruments= 46.8187996429 V, 20.0 A, 880.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 140
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.39, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per1=98.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "per2=98.8#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculaions\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output*100/per2\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "inpt_half=(load/2)*pf*100/per1\n",
-      "loss2=inpt_half-400\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss,(x/4)+y-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "kva=load*(ans[y]/ans[x])*0.5\n",
-      "output=kva*1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]\n",
-      "total_loss=2*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load copper loss= 4.07324441521606 kW\n",
-        "maximum efficiency= 0.968720013059872 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.40, Page Number:1154"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#v\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x01=0.37#ohm\n",
-      "r0=600.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=300.0#ohm\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tantheta=iw/imu\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(tantheta)\n",
-      "theta0=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "angle=theta0-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle))**0.5\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=x01*k**2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current= 20.6693546639 A\n",
-        "ii)secondary terminal voltage= 386.32 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 149
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.43, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=80.0\n",
-      "r1=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=1.1#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=complex(r01,x01)\n",
-      "z02=k**2*z01\n",
-      "v2=k*v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(z02.real*pf-z02.imag*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=vd*100/v2\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent impedence= (0.022+0.079j) ohm\n",
-        "ii)voltage regulation= -1.53925619835 %\n",
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 446.772727273 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.44, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=450.0#V\n",
-      "vb=120.0#V\n",
-      "v1=120.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=80.0#W\n",
-      "v2=9.65#V\n",
-      "i2=22.2#A\n",
-      "w2=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=vb/va\n",
-      "i0=i1*k\n",
-      "cosphi0=w1/(va*i0)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(cosphi0)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "iw=i0*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=i0*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=va/iw\n",
-      "x0=va/imu\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=vb/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "iron_loss=w1\n",
-      "cu_loss=(0.5**2)*w2\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf/2\n",
-      "efficiency2=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent circuit constants=\"\n",
-      "print \"z01=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r01=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8=\",efficiency*100,\"%\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent circuit constants=\n",
-        "z01= 0.434684684685 ohm\n",
-        "x01= 0.360090249002 ohm\n",
-        "r01= 0.243486729973 ohm\n",
-        "ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8= 97.5609756098 % 2.02885695496 %\n",
-        "iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8= 97.3236009732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.45, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=2200.0#V\n",
-      "vb=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=220.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=148.0#W\n",
-      "v2=86.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.5#A\n",
-      "w2=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(pf,1),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 2.94177963326 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 172
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.46, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "v=60.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "w=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v_=400.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v/i\n",
-      "r01=w/i**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage applied to hv side=\",v1+vd,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage applied to hv side= 2065.90767043 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 182
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.47, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=12.0#A\n",
-      "ws=100.0#W\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.0#A\n",
-      "wo=80.0#W\n",
-      "i2=10#A\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "pg=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cosphi0=wo/(vo*io)\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=(1-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "r02=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x02/k**2\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=wo\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=i2*v2*pf/(i2*v2*pf+total_loss)\n",
-      "v1_=((vo*pf+x01)**2+(vo*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"applied voltage=\",v1_,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "applied voltage= 251.442641983 V\n",
-        "efficiency= 96.3984469139 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.48, Page Number:1160"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=3.0#kVA\n",
-      "vo=230.0#V\n",
-      "io=2.0#A\n",
-      "wo=100.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=13.0#A\n",
-      "ws=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ws\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ws/(vs**2)\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.90121149256 %\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 194
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.49, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94\n",
-      "per=0.90\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=per*load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "core_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "pc=core_loss/per**2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=pc\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.5728354534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 196
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.50, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.96#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.0396#ohm\n",
-      "x1=15.8#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.158#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "r=r2+r1*(v2/v1)**2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "v1_=v2+i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(r/x)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)HV side voltage necessary=\",v1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)pf=\",round(pf,2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)HV side voltage necessary= 2409.9826087 V\n",
-        "b)pf= 0.97\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 199
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.51, Page Number:1162"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#v\n",
-      "r1=3.4#ohm\n",
-      "x1=7.2#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.028#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.060#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r=r1*(v2/v1)**2+r2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "ad=i*r*pf\n",
-      "dc=i*x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "oc=v2+ad+dc\n",
-      "bd=i*r*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "b_f=x*pf\n",
-      "cf=b_f-bd\n",
-      "v1_=(oc**2+cf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage on hv side=\",v1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage on hv side= 2229.28500444 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.52, Page Number:1163"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.7#A\n",
-      "w1=65.0#W\n",
-      "v=15.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "w2=75.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.80\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "ih=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2\n",
-      "constant_loss=w1\n",
-      "z=v/i2\n",
-      "r=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=load*100000/(load*1000+cu_loss+constant_loss)\n",
-      "regn=i2*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load regulation=\",regn,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.6183574879 %\n",
-        "full load regulation= 13.7942286341 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 209
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.53, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x=(z**2-cu_loss**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r01=cu_loss*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x01=x*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "z01=z*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "isc=i1*100/z\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"%x=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"primary sc current=\",isc,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "%x= 3.5721142199 %\n",
-        "resistance= 3.9204 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 7.78006477094 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 8.712 ohm\n",
-        "primary sc current= 378.787878788 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.54, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=220.0#V\n",
-      "i_o=4.2#A\n",
-      "wo=148.0#W\n",
-      "vs=86.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.5#A\n",
-      "ws=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "z10=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x01=(z10**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "v1_=((v1*pf+i1*r01)**2+(v1*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn1=(v1_-v1)/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "cu_loss_half=(i1/2)**2*r01\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000*pf*100/(load*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "efficiency_half=(load/2)*1000*pf*100/((load/2)*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "print v1_                                  \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)core loss=\",wo,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)equivalent resistance primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)equivalent resistance secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"d)equivalent reactance primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"e)equivalent reactance secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"f)regulation=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"g)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"h)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency_half,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "2265.01840886\n",
-        "a)core loss= 148.0 W\n",
-        "b)equivalent resistance primary= 3.26530612245 ohm\n",
-        "c)equivalent resistance secondary= 0.0326530612245 ohm\n",
-        "d)equivalent reactance primary= 7.51143635755 ohm\n",
-        "e)equivalent reactance secondary= 0.0751143635755 ohm\n",
-        "f)regulation= 2.95538222101 %\n",
-        "g)efficiency at full load= 97.4548448466 %\n",
-        "h)efficiency at half load= 95.0360304208 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 222
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.55, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=1.0/100\n",
-      "ex=5.0/100\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn2=er*1\n",
-      "regn3=er*pf-ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation with pf=1=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag= 3.8 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation with pf=1= 1.0 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead= -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.56, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per=0.97\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "zper=0.10\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*1\n",
-      "x=0.75\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(output*(1/per-1))\n",
-      "pc=pi/x**2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r=pc*1000/i1**2\n",
-      "er=i1*r/v1\n",
-      "ez=zper\n",
-      "ex=(ez**2-er**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 7.52529846012 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.57, Page Number:1166"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5#%\n",
-      "xdrop=3.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pur=cu_loss/100\n",
-      "pux=xdrop/100\n",
-      "regn2=pur*pf+pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn1=pur*1\n",
-      "regn3=pur*pf-pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation at unity pf=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation at 0.8 lag=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation at 0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation at unity pf= 1.5 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation at 0.8 lag= 3.3 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation at 0.8 lead= -0.9 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.58, Page Number:1168"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#KVA\n",
-      "w1=5.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=7.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "loss=total_loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*w2/2\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+2.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.0186963113 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.59, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "w1=350.0#W\n",
-      "w2=400.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+w1\n",
-      "efficiency2=(load*1000/2)/((load*1000/2)+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency at full load= 97.0873786408 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 232
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.60, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=efficiency**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of P1 and P2=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of P1 and P2= 0.5625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.61, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load1=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=1.4#kW\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.6#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "load=load1*(cu_loss/loss)**0.5\n",
-      "total_loss=loss*2\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=cu_loss*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=total_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output2=(load/2)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency2=output2/(output2+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load for max efficiency=\",load1,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"max efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load for max efficiency= 150.0 kVA\n",
-        "max efficiency= 98.283858876 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 95.2481856352 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 237
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.62, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=40#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=112#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "def e(k):\n",
-      "    e=k*pf*1000*100/(k*pf*1000+(cu_loss*(k/5)**2+40))\n",
-      "    return(e)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "e1=e(1.25)\n",
-      "e2=e(2.5)\n",
-      "e3=e(3.75)\n",
-      "e4=e(5.0)\n",
-      "e5=e(6.25)\n",
-      "e6=e(7.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=[1.25,2.5,3.75,5.0,6.25,7.5]\n",
-      "E=[e1,e2,e3,e4,e5,e6]\n",
-      "plt.plot(K,E)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"load,kVA\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Efficiency\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,8))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((92,98))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458d610>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.63, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "x=loss*1000/(1+9.0/16)\n",
-      "y=(9.0/16)*x\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*(1.0/2)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+y\n",
-      "output=load*pf*0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at hald load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at hald load= 97.9216626699 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.64, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*pf*1000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary resistance= 0.02 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 97.7284199899 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.65, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x01=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i2=1000*load*ratio/v2\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output*1000+total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/(inpt)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 2.4 w\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.8660287081 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.66, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=324.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=4*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*pf/(load*pf+cu_loss/1000+loss/1000)\n",
-      "per=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)percent of full-load=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency= 95.6708921311 %\n",
-        "ii)percent of full-load= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.67, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.8#A\n",
-      "wo=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ws=60.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "loss=ws+wo\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss/1000)\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r02=ws/i2**2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "load=load*(wo/ws)**0.5\n",
-      "load=load*1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"load at unity pf=\",load,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.0960960961 %\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 383.752729583 V\n",
-        "current= 20.0 A\n",
-        "load at unity pf= 4.32049379894 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.68, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "Wi=Symbol('Wi')\n",
-      "Wcu=Symbol('Wcu')\n",
-      "P=600.0#kVA\n",
-      "e=0.92#efficiency\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "x=0.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([(e*(1*P*1+Wi+1**2*Wcu))-(1*P*1),(e*(0.5*P*1+Wi+0.5*0.5*Wcu))-(0.5*P*1)],[Wi,Wcu])\n",
-      "e2=(x*P*pf*100)/((x*P*pf)+ans[Wi]+(x**2*ans[Wcu]))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 90.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.69, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=600.0#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "per=0.60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss1=inpt-load\n",
-      "inpt2=load/(2*efficiency)\n",
-      "loss2=inpt2-load/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss1,x+y/4-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]*0.36\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+ans[x]\n",
-      "output=load*per\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "389.913043478261\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.3282783229260 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.70, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "e1=0.98\n",
-      "e2=0.80\n",
-      "pf=8\n",
-      "z=0.05\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf1*e2\n",
-      "inpt=output/e1\n",
-      "loss=-output+inpt\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss_full=cu_loss/pf1**2\n",
-      "r=round(cu_loss_full*100/load)\n",
-      "sin=math.sin(math.acos(pf1))\n",
-      "regn=(r*pf1+5*sin)+(1.0/200)*(5*pf1-r*sin)**2\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 3.8578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.71, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=5000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=25.0#Hz\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5\n",
-      "we=0.5\n",
-      "wh=0.6\n",
-      "v2=10000.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss1=cu_loss*load/100\n",
-      "we1=we*load/100\n",
-      "wh1=wh*load/100\n",
-      "cu_loss2=cu_loss1\n",
-      "we2=(we1*(50.0/25.0)**2)\n",
-      "wh2=(wh1*(50.0/25))\n",
-      "e1=load*100/(load+cu_loss1+we1+wh1)\n",
-      "e2=load*2*100/(load*2+cu_loss2+we2+wh2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in first case=\",e1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in second case=\",e2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "20.47 0.06 0.05\n",
-        "full load efficiency in first case= 97.4658869396 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency in second case= 97.7039570103 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.72, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=300#KVA\n",
-      "r=1.5#%\n",
-      "load1=173.2#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*load*1000/100\n",
-      "iron_loss=(load1/load)**2*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(load*pf)*100/((load*pf)+(total_loss/1000))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.5610105096 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.73, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "a=0.04#m2\n",
-      "l=2.5#m\n",
-      "bm=1200\n",
-      "inpt=1200#W\n",
-      "pi=400#W\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "f2=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "n2=k*n1\n",
-      "i=1989/n1\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*inpt\n",
-      "total_loss=pi+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)n1=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"  n2=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"b)magnetising current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.00643416423287\n",
-        "a)n1= 216.0\n",
-        "  n2= 22.0\n",
-        "b)magnetising current= 9.21512347826 A\n",
-        "c)efficiency= 98.2398690135 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.74, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.8\n",
-      "x=5.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pf=r/x\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(pf)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "regn=r*math.cos(phi2)+x*math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "efficiency=100/(100+r*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)phi=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"b)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)phi= 18.4349488229 degrees\n",
-        "  ii)regulation= 5.6920997883 %\n",
-        "b)efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.75, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=3.0#A\n",
-      "wo=200.0#W\n",
-      "vsc=15.0#V\n",
-      "isc=30.0#A\n",
-      "wsc=300.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=(i/isc)**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wo)\n",
-      "z=vsc/isc\n",
-      "r=wsc/isc**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(i/v2)*(r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*v2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n",
-        "regulation= 1.72239475667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.76, Page Number:1177"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=400.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "x=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load*x*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+load*2/100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.2493723732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.77, Page Number:1178"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "v2=250#V\n",
-      "vsc=60#V\n",
-      "isc=20#A\n",
-      "wsc=150#W\n",
-      "per=1.2\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=per**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=per*load*1.0\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss*2/1000)\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "e2=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wsc)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n",
-        "full-load efficiency= 95.6251494143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.78, Page Number:1181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "cu_loss=4.5#kW\n",
-      "iron_loss=3.5#kW\n",
-      "t1=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "load1_=400.0#kW\n",
-      "load2_=300.0#kW\n",
-      "load3_=100.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.75\n",
-      "pf3=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load1=load1_/pf1\n",
-      "load2=load2_/pf2\n",
-      "load3=load3_/pf3\n",
-      "wc1=cu_loss\n",
-      "wc2=cu_loss*(load2/load1)**2\n",
-      "wc3=cu_loss*(load3/load1)**2\n",
-      "twc=(t1*wc1)+(t2*wc2)+(t3*wc3)+(t4*0)\n",
-      "iron_loss=24*iron_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=twc+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(t1*load1_)+(t2*load2_)+(t3*load3_)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 86
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.79, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=3.0#kW\n",
-      "tf=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*24/2\n",
-      "wcf=loss*tf/2\n",
-      "wch=loss/8\n",
-      "wch=wch*4\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+wch+wcf\n",
-      "output=load*tf+load*th/2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.2509225092 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.80, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "tf=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t10=14.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#1st transformer\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "tloss=inpt-load\n",
-      "y=tloss/2\n",
-      "x=y\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*tf+th*(x/2**2)+t10*(x/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=tf*load+th*load/2+t10*10\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "#2nd transformer\n",
-      "y=tloss/(1+1.0/4)\n",
-      "x=(tloss-y)\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "wc=tf*y+th*(y/2**2)+t10*(y/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+wc\n",
-      "e2=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency of forst transformer=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency ofsecond transformer=\",e2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.408163265306 1.63265306122\n",
-        "efficiency of forst transformer= 96.5245532574 %\n",
-        "efficiency ofsecond transformer= 97.7876610788 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.81, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "nl=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "ql=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "hl=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "fl=2.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-load\n",
-      "wc_fl=loss/2\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "wc_fl_4=(1.0/4)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=(1.0/2)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_ql=ql*wc_fl_4\n",
-      "wc_hl=hl*wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=fl*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc=wc_ql+wc_hl+wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wh=wc\n",
-      "loss=wh+24*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "half_output=(output/2)\n",
-      "q_load=(load/4)\n",
-      "output=ql*q_load+hl*half_output+fl*output\n",
-      "e=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 89.5592740985 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.82, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "load=15#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "pf1=0.5\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "k1=2#kW\n",
-      "k2=12#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "wc=loss/2\n",
-      "wi=loss/2\n",
-      "w1=k1/pf1\n",
-      "w2=k2/pf2\n",
-      "wc1=wc*(4/load)\n",
-      "wc2=wc\n",
-      "wc12=t1*wc1\n",
-      "wc6=t2*wc2\n",
-      "wc=(wc12+wc6)\n",
-      "wi=24*wi\n",
-      "output=(k1*t1)+(t2*k2)\n",
-      "inpt=output+wc+wi\n",
-      "e=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.918367346939 3.67346938776\n",
-        "efficiency= 95.4351795496 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.83, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "l1_=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "t=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "loss=1.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "l1=l1_/2\n",
-      "l2=l1_\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "loss=loss*2\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "wc1=t*(1.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc2=8*(2.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc=wc1+wc2\n",
-      "wi=24*1\n",
-      "loss=wc+wi\n",
-      "output=3*(l1*1)+8*(l2*1)\n",
-      "e2=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ordinary efficiency=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"all day efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ordinary efficiency= 98.6842105263 %\n",
-        "all day efficiency= 97.1480513578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.84, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94#%\n",
-      "nl=10\n",
-      "hl=5.0\n",
-      "ql=6.0\n",
-      "fl=3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(load*1000)*(1-efficiency)/efficiency\n",
-      "wch=(0.5)**2*pi\n",
-      "eh=wch*hl/1000\n",
-      "wcq=(0.25)**2*pi\n",
-      "eq=ql*wcq/1000\n",
-      "e3=pi*3/1000\n",
-      "e2=pi*24/1000\n",
-      "e=25*hl+12.5*ql+50*fl\n",
-      "efficiency=e/(e+e2+eh+eq+e3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.4557217274 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.85, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=8.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "k1=3.0#kW\n",
-      "k2=8.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.6\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x1=k1/(pf1*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=load/(1*load)\n",
-      "pc1=(0.5)**2*0.1\n",
-      "pc2=pc3=0.10\n",
-      "o1=k1*t1\n",
-      "o2=k2*t2\n",
-      "o3=k2*load\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "wc1=pc1*t1\n",
-      "wc2=pc2*t2\n",
-      "wc3=pc3*t3\n",
-      "cu_loss=wc1+wc2+wc3\n",
-      "loss=400.0*24/10000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficency= 98.27465179 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.86, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=.98\n",
-      "load=15.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0\n",
-      "t2=6.0\n",
-      "t3=6.0\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "k1=2.0\n",
-      "k2=12.0\n",
-      "k3=18.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "x1=k1/(0.5*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=k3/(pf3*load)\n",
-      "wc1=0.131\n",
-      "wc2=0.918\n",
-      "wc3=1.632\n",
-      "o1=t1*k1\n",
-      "o2=t2*k2\n",
-      "o3=t3*k3\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "loss=wc1+wc2+wc3+0.153*24\n",
-      "efficiency=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.9798386522 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.87, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=115.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "power=load*(1-k)\n",
-      "power2=k*load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)power transferred inductively=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"b)power transferred conductively=\",power2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)power transferred inductively= 1.5 kW\n",
-        "b)power transferred conductively= 1.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 145
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.88, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i1=k*i\n",
-      "saving=k*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"economy of cu=\",saving"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "economy of cu= 80.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 147
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.89, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=6600.0#V\n",
-      "v2=5000.0#V\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "phim1=1.3#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phim=e/(4.44*f)\n",
-      "area=phim/phim1\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core area=\",area*10000,\"m2\"\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the hv side=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the lv side=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core area= 277.2002772 m2\n",
-        "number of turns on the hv side= 825.0\n",
-        "number of turns on the lv side= 625.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.90, Page Number:1189"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2640*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i1_-i2\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 219.12 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 1095.6 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 91.3 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.91, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2160*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i2-i1_\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 179.28 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 896.4 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 74.7 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 160
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.92, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "iron_loss=50.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=load*1000/efficiency-load*1000-iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000/(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)\n",
-      "i2=(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"current drawn on hv side=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.9760216579 %\n",
-        "current drawn on hv side= 23.1967703349 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.93, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500#V\n",
-      "v2=2300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva=(v1+v2)*50*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage output=\",v1+v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating of auto transformer=\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage output= 13800 V\n",
-        "kVA rating of auto transformer= 690.0 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.94, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=2300.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#KVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*100/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*100/v2\n",
-      "kva1=(v1+v2)*i1/(100)\n",
-      "kva2=(v1+v2)*i2/(100)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage ratios=\",(v1+v2)/v1,\"or\",(v1+v2)/v2\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in first case=\",kva1\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in second case=\",kva2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage ratios= 1.2 or 6.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in first case= 120.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in second case= 600.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 167
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.95, Page Number:1192"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#v\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "output=2640*i2\n",
-      "i=i2*2640/v1\n",
-      "k=2640/v1\n",
-      "poweri=v1*i1*0.001\n",
-      "power=output/1000-poweri\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rating of the auto-transformer=\",output/1000,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"inductively transferred powers=\",poweri,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"conductively transferred powers=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rating of the auto-transformer= 550.0 kVA\n",
-        "inductively transferred powers= 50.0 kW\n",
-        "conductively transferred powers= 500.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 169
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.96, Page Number:1196"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "za=complex(0.5,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.,10)\n",
-      "load=100#KW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa)*math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb)*math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "96.082805253\n",
-        "SA= 74.5937961595 kW\n",
-        "SB= 25.4062038405 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.97, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r1=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "zb=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.degrees((-1)*math.acos(pf))*math.degrees(math.atan((za/zb).imag/(za/zb).real)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load of B=\",abs(za/zb)\n",
-      "print \"pf of B=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load of B= 1.21872643265\n",
-        "pf of B= 0.613584256393\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.98, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.2,4.8)\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(-pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 224.451917244 -39.3923099293\n",
-        "SB= 275.942423833 -34.8183886694\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 205
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.99, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "r1=0.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "r2=0.75\n",
-      "x2=4.0\n",
-      "load1=180.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=load1/pf\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "s1=s*z2/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "s2=s*z1/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "kw1=abs(s1)*math.cos(math.atan(s1.imag/s1.real))\n",
-      "kw2=abs(s2)*math.cos(math.atan(s2.imag/s2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW1=\",kw1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"kW2=\",kw2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "(1.25+12j)\n",
-        "kW1= 58.119626171 kW\n",
-        "kW2= 121.880373829 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.100, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(0.85,-0.527)\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA for A=\",abs(sa),math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA for B=\",abs(sb),math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA for A= 130.53263665 0.819364787986 lag\n",
-        "kVA for B= 105.238776124 0.884143252833 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.101, Page Number:1198"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "load=125.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(0.9,10)\n",
-      "zb=(100/50)*complex(1.0,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 63.0780848499 -39.929442891 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 62.1031510961 -33.7622749748 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 218
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.102, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "load2=250#kVA\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zb=(500/load2)*zb\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 471.125736359 -40.3232138964 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 281.165527855 -31.0771011508 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 219
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.103, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=1000#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.5,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=i*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ratio=zb/za\n",
-      "ib=i/(1+ratio)\n",
-      "ia=i-ib\n",
-      "ratio=ia.real/ib.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",ia\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",ib\n",
-      "print \"ratio of output=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= (504.451038576-341.246290801j)\n",
-        "IB= (295.548961424-258.753709199j)\n",
-        "ratio of output= 1.70682730924\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 220
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.104, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1.0,5.0)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.0,2.0)\n",
-      "load1=300.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(100.0/250)*zb\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "zab=za*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "drop=zab.real*240/100+zab.imag*180/100\n",
-      "v2=v2-v2*drop/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 55.8895719399 -64.6284382469 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 251.890896741 -30.9383707209 degrees\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 486.177874187 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.105, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n11=5000.0\n",
-      "n12=440.0\n",
-      "load1=200#kVA\n",
-      "n21=5000.0\n",
-      "n22=480.0\n",
-      "load2=350#kVA\n",
-      "x=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=load1*1000/n12\n",
-      "i2=load2*1000/n22\n",
-      "x1=x*n12/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x2=x*n22/(100*i2)\n",
-      "ic=(n22-n12)/0.057\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load circulation current=\",ic/i1,\"times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load circulation current= 1.54385964912 times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.106, Page Number:1203"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "ea=6600#V\n",
-      "eb=6400#V\n",
-      "za=complex(0.3,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.2,1)\n",
-      "zl=complex(8.0,6.0)\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",abs(ia),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",abs(ib),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 195.492387533 A\n",
-        "IB= 422.567795916 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 227
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.107, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "load2=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=950.0#V\n",
-      "r1=2.0\n",
-      "r2=2.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "x2=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/v1\n",
-      "ra=v1*r1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=v1*x1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/v2\n",
-      "rb=v2*r2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=v2*x2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "z=((ra+rb)**2+(xa+xb)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/z\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan((xa+xb)/(ra+rb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load circulating current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load circulating current= 25.0948635944 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.108, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=1000.0#KVA\n",
-      "load2=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=510.0#V\n",
-      "z1=3.0\n",
-      "z2=5.0\n",
-      "r=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/480\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/480\n",
-      "za=z1*v1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "zb=z2*v2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "ic=(v2-v1)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"cross current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "cross current= 315.656565657 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.109, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "loada=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "loadb=250.0#kVA\n",
-      "load=750.0#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=405.0#V\n",
-      "v2=415.0#V\n",
-      "ra=1.0\n",
-      "rb=1.5\n",
-      "xa=5.0\n",
-      "xb=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=loada*1000/400\n",
-      "ra=400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=xa*400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=loadb*1000/400\n",
-      "rb=rb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=xb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "za=complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "zl=400**2*0.001/load*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "ia=(v1*zb+(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(v2*za-(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "sa=400*ia/1000\n",
-      "sb=400*ib/1000\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real))\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross current=\",-abs(ic),math.degrees(math.atan(ic.imag/ic.real))\n",
-      "print \"b)SA=\",abs(sa),pf1,\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"  SB=\",abs(sb),pf2,\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross current= -229.754569404 -72.8972710309\n",
-        "b)SA= 387.844943528 0.820048560714 lag\n",
-        "  SB= 351.964386212 0.738709225528 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.110, Page Number:1205"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zl=complex(2.0,1.5)\n",
-      "za=complex(0.15,0.5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.1,0.6)\n",
-      "ea=207#V\n",
-      "eb=205#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2_=(ia+ib)*zl\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ia.imag/ia.real)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ib.imag/ib.real)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "pa=abs(v2_)*abs(ia)*pfa\n",
-      "pb=abs(v2_)*abs(ib)*pfb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pa,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pb,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pfa\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pfb\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output:\n",
-        " A: 6535.37583042 W\n",
-        " B: 4925.36941503 W\n",
-        "power factor:\n",
-        " A: 0.818428780129\n",
-        " B: 0.775705655277\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 248
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.111, Page Number:1206"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "ib=600.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rb=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "xa=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "xb=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "ea=245.0#V\n",
-      "eb=240.0#V\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.25,0.1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=(ea/ia)*complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=(eb/ib)*complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "i=(ea*zb+eb*za)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2=i*zl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(abs(v2)),round(math.degrees(math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real))),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 230.0 -3.0 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_KlAE574.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_KlAE574.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index aebdac51..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_KlAE574.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:7d0991402755fd2e3c1083bccec70e0a43143da000e9a99e70877269e1fdc43a"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 31: Testing of DC Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.1, Page Number:1092"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l=38.1#kg\n",
-      "d=63.53*0.01#cm\n",
-      "v=12#rps\n",
-      "i=49#A\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=d/2\n",
-      "torque=l*r*9.81\n",
-      "power=torque*2*3.14*v\n",
-      "motor_input=i*V\n",
-      "efficiency=power*100/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output power=\",round(power),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(efficiency),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output power= 8947.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 83.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(a), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "spring_b1=10.0#kg\n",
-      "spring_b2=35.0#kg\n",
-      "d=40*0.01#m\n",
-      "v=950.0#rpm\n",
-      "V=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=30.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "F=(spring_b2-spring_b1)*9.81\n",
-      "N=v/60\n",
-      "R=d/2\n",
-      "tsh=F*R\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*N\n",
-      "output=tsh*omega\n",
-      "motor_input=V*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 4877.205 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.28675 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(b), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "t1=2.9#kg\n",
-      "t2=0.17#kg\n",
-      "r=7*0.01#m\n",
-      "i=2.0#A\n",
-      "V=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "force=(t1-t2)*9.81\n",
-      "torque=force*r\n",
-      "output=torque*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(V*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",torque,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1.874691 N-m\n",
-        "output 294.326487 W\n",
-        "efficiency 63.984018913 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.3, Page Number:1095"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_noload=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=i-ish\n",
-      "culoss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_noload-culoss\n",
-      "ia=32-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(output/input_)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 70.1754545455 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.4, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/r\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "Ia=I-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=Ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_lossa\n",
-      "input_nl1=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_nl1-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_nl\n",
-      "Eb1=V-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=V-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "change=math.fabs((Eb1-Eb2)/Eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*10,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",change*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 16852.5 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 84.2625 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= 5.64617314931 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.5, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=44.76#kW\n",
-      "i=13.25#A\n",
-      "ish=2.55#A\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p_nl=v*i\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "bd_loss=2*ia\n",
-      "variable_loss=bd_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "w=p_nl-variable_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-p*1000-w-2*I-ra*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v\n",
-      "e=p*1000/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Full load current=\",round(il),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Full load efficiency=\",round(e*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Full load current= 226.0 A\n",
-        "Full load efficiency= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.6, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "o=17.158#kW\n",
-      "inpt=20.2#KW\n",
-      "rf=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "o2=7.46#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loss1=inpt*1000.0-o*1000.0\n",
-      "ic=inpt*1000.0/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=ic-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "const_loss=loss1-cu_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-o2*1000.0-(ra*I**2)-const_loss],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v/1000.0\n",
-      "e=o2*1000*100/(pin*1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(il),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 74.1 %\n",
-        "power input= 50.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.7, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92#kW\n",
-      "ia=6.5#A\n",
-      "ish=2.2#A\n",
-      "i=70.0#A\n",
-      "pd=3.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ic_nl=ia+ish\n",
-      "pi=v*ic_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*pd/i\n",
-      "const_loss=pi-cu_lossa\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*I+cu_loss-p*1000-const_loss-(pd/i)*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "ic=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=v*ic\n",
-      "e=p*1000*100/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.8, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=200*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i1=36.0#A\n",
-      "I1=12.0#A\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "pd=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=400.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ia=i1-I1\n",
-      "ra=pd/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_nl=v*i1\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "output_i=p/v\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/(p+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "output_i=p/(2*v)\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/((p/2+total_loss)*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at half load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at full load= 91.3736344667 %\n",
-        "efficiency at half load= 89.6559292335 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.9, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92*1000#W\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpn\n",
-      "rsh=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=78.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_=0.8*p/e\n",
-      "total_loss=input_-0.8*p\n",
-      "input_i=input_/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "ra=total_loss/(2*(ia**2))\n",
-      "Ia=i-ish\n",
-      "total_loss2=Ia**2*ra+total_loss/2\n",
-      "input__=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=(input__-total_loss2)*100/input__\n",
-      "Eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=v-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "n2=(n*Eb2)/Eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"r.p.m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 86.9450046554 %\n",
-        "speed= 678.443304738 r.p.m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.10(a), Page Number:1101"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#W\n",
-      "i2=90.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=p/v\n",
-      "efficiency=math.sqrt(i1/(i1+i2))*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.11, Page Number:1102"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "motor_i=100#A\n",
-      "shunt_i1=3#A\n",
-      "shunt_i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "cu_loss=500#W\n",
-      "cu_lossa=361#W\n",
-      "ia=85#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "mech_core_stray_loss=0.5*((v*i)-(motor_i**2*ra)-(ia**2*ra))\n",
-      "cu_motor=v*shunt_i1\n",
-      "generator_motor=v*shunt_i2\n",
-      "total_loss=mech_core_stray_loss+cu_motor+generator_motor\n",
-      "input_=v*i+cu_motor\n",
-      "output=v*ia*10**(-3)\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss*10**(-3)+1.07+0.36\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eficiency= 89.8045430534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.12, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "i=48#A\n",
-      "i1=3#a\n",
-      "i2=3.5#A\n",
-      "motor_i=230#A\n",
-      "ra=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "cu_loss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=motor_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i1\n",
-      "total_cu_lossm=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "arm_i=233-i+i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=arm_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=arm_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i2\n",
-      "total_cu_lossg=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#set\n",
-      "totalcu_loss=total_cu_lossm+total_cu_lossg\n",
-      "total_input=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_input-totalcu_loss\n",
-      "strayloss_per=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor efficiency\n",
-      "input_=233*v\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossm+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",e,\"%\"\n",
-      "#generator efficiency\n",
-      "input_=110*185\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossg+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "100\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.4590884705 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 88.5893642506 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.13, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable series\n",
-      "v=500.0#A\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#w\n",
-      "auxiliary_i=30.0#A\n",
-      "output_i=200.0#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "i2=1.8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.075#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=2.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_arm=output_i+auxiliary_i\n",
-      "motorarm_culoss=(motor_arm**2*ra)+(motor_arm*2)\n",
-      "motorfield_culoss=v*i2\n",
-      "generatorarm_culoss=(output_i**2*ra)+(output_i*2)\n",
-      "generatoefield_culoss=v*i1\n",
-      "total_culoss=motorarm_culoss+motorfield_culoss+generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss\n",
-      "power=v*auxiliary_i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-total_culoss\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "total_loss=generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss+permachine\n",
-      "output=v*output_i\n",
-      "e=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 93.1001175389 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.14, Page Number:1104"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "motor_i=400.0#A\n",
-      "i1=6.0#A\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(motor_i-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*motor_i)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(motor_i-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 92.3148148148 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 91.4642857143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 77
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.15, Page Number:1105"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ia=380.0#A\n",
-      "i1=5.0#A\n",
-      "i2=4.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(ia-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*ia)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.7038001041 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 95.2121212121 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.16, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "v2=190.0#V\n",
-      "t=30#sec\n",
-      "t2=20#sec\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "avg_i=i/2\n",
-      "power=avg_v*avg_i\n",
-      "W=power*(t2/(t-t2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Stray loss=\",W,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Stray loss= 4100.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 85
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.17, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "n1=1525.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1475.0#ohm\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "p=1000.0#W\n",
-      "t2=20.0#sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "N=(n1+n2)/2\n",
-      "w=p*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(w*dt)/((2*3.14/60)**2*N*dN)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Moment of Inertia=\",I,\"kg-m2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Moment of Inertia= 121.708791432 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.18, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "v2=225.0#V\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "t2=6.0#ohm\n",
-      "iavg=10.0#A\n",
-      "i2=25.0#A\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "w_=avg_v*iavg\n",
-      "W=w_*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "ish=v3/r\n",
-      "ia=i2-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_shunt=v3*ia\n",
-      "total_loss=W+cu_loss+v3\n",
-      "e=((v*i2)-total_loss)/(v*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "734.210526316\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.7564912281 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.19, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n1=1030#rpm\n",
-      "n2=970#rpm\n",
-      "t1=36#sec\n",
-      "t2=15#sec\n",
-      "t3=9#sec\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "v=219#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "W=v*i*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(W*t2)/((2*3.14/60)**2*n*dN)\n",
-      "Wm=W*t2/t1\n",
-      "iron_loss=W-Wm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)moment of inertia=\",I,\"kg.m2\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)mechanical losses=\",Wm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)moment of inertia= 74.9650087225 kg.m2\n",
-        "ii)iron loss= 1916.25 W\n",
-        "iii)mechanical losses= 1368.75 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.20, Page Number:1110"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "iam=56.0#A\n",
-      "vam=590.0#V\n",
-      "vdm=40.0#V\n",
-      "iag=44.0#A\n",
-      "vag=400.0#V\n",
-      "vdg=40.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_total=(vdm+vam)*iam\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "total_loss=input_total-output\n",
-      "rse=vdg/iam\n",
-      "cu_loss=((r+2*rse)*iam**2)+(iag**2*r)\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "permachine=strayloss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "inputm=vam*iam\n",
-      "culossm=(r+rse)*iam**2\n",
-      "totallossm=culossm+permachine\n",
-      "output=inputm-totallossm\n",
-      "em=output*100/inputm\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "inputg=vag*iag\n",
-      "culossg=(r)*iag**2\n",
-      "totalloss=culossg+permachine+(vdm*iam)\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "eg=output*100/(output+totalloss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",em,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",eg,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "motor efficiency= 72.6997578692 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 67.0220868241 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_LJxLQlK.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_LJxLQlK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7862658a..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_LJxLQlK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3137 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a9b903871f8bdf2f971bf001fa7cff3dbf47aad5e657d5bfcea016f9756d9ac"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 37: Alternators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.1, Page Number:1412"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s1=36.0\n",
-      "p1=4.0\n",
-      "span1=8.0\n",
-      "s2=72.0\n",
-      "p2=6.0\n",
-      "span2=10.0\n",
-      "s3=96.0\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "span3=12.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha1=2*p1*180/s1\n",
-      "alpha2=3*p2*180/s2\n",
-      "alpha3=5*p3*180/s3\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha1/2))\n",
-      "kc2=math.cos(math.radians(alpha2/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(alpha3/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)kc=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"b)kc=\",kc2\n",
-      "print \"c)kc=\",kc3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)kc= 0.939692620786\n",
-        "b)kc= 0.923879532511\n",
-        "c)kc= 0.881921264348\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.2, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=36.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/n\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"distribution factor=\",kd"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "distribution factor= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.3, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=10.0#V\n",
-      "beta=30.0#degrees\n",
-      "m=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "arith_sum=6*v\n",
-      "vector_sum=kd*arith_sum\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"emf of six coils in series=\",vector_sum,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of six coils in series= 38.6370330516 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.4, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "ratio=2.0/3.0\n",
-      "m1=9\n",
-      "m2=6\n",
-      "m3=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m1*math.radians(beta/2))/(m1*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(m2*math.radians(beta/2))/(m2*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(m3*math.radians(beta/2))/(m3*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i) kd=\",kd1\n",
-      "print \"ii)kd=\",kd2\n",
-      "print \"iii)kd=\",kd3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) kd= 0.639863387016\n",
-        "ii)kd= 0.831206922161\n",
-        "iii)kd= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.5, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slot=18.0\n",
-      "s=16.0\n",
-      "m1=3.0\n",
-      "m2=5.0\n",
-      "m3=7.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "span=(s-1)\n",
-      "alpha=180*3/slot\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(m1*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc5=math.cos(math.radians(m2*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc7=math.cos(math.radians(m3*alpha/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kc1=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"kc3=\",kc3\n",
-      "print \"kc5=\",kc5\n",
-      "print \"kc7=\",kc7"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kc1= 0.965925826289\n",
-        "kc3= 0.707106781187\n",
-        "kc5= 0.258819045103\n",
-        "kc7= -0.258819045103\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.6, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "s=144.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "phi=0.03#Wb\n",
-      "n=375.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "t=s*z/(3*2)\n",
-      "eph=4.44*1*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"phase emf=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 50.0 Hz\n",
-        "phase emf= 1534.464 V\n",
-        "line emf= 2657.76961039 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.7, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "s=54\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "t=8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(beta/2)\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=s*8/3\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "eph=4.44*0.98*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.*eph\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eph=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eph= 1804.529664 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.8, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "slots=144.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "n=375.0\n",
-      "airgap=5*0.01\n",
-      "theta=150.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "alpha=(180-theta)\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=slots/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "s=slots/3\n",
-      "eph=4*kf*kc*kd*f*airgap*s*4/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf per phase=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf per phase= 987.908016392 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.9, Page Number:1417"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "slots=180\n",
-      "s=15\n",
-      "d=1.2#m\n",
-      "l=0.4#m\n",
-      "m=6\n",
-      "beta=180/18\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "area=(1.2*3.14/p)*l\n",
-      "phi1=area*0.637\n",
-      "vr=1.1*2*f*phi1\n",
-      "vp=2**0.5*vr\n",
-      "v3=0.4*vp\n",
-      "v5=0.2*vp\n",
-      "vf=6*vp*0.966\n",
-      "vf3=6*v3*0.707\n",
-      "vf5=6*v5*0.259\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(math.radians(3*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(3*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(math.radians(5*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(5*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "vph=vf*2**0.5*60*kd1\n",
-      "vph3=vf3*2**0.5*60*kd2\n",
-      "vph5=vf5*2**0.5*60*kd3\n",
-      "rmsv=(vph**2+vph3**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "rmsvl=3**0.5*(vph**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)e=\",vp,\"sin theta+\",v3,\"sin 3theta+\",v5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)e=\",vf,\"sin theta+\",vf3,\"sin 3theta+\",vf5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)rms value of phase voltage=\",rmsv,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)e= 14.9354392872 sin theta+ 5.97417571489 sin 3theta+ 2.98708785745 sin 5theta\n",
-        "ii)e= 86.5658061088 sin theta+ 25.3424533826 sin 3theta+ 4.64193453047 sin 5theta\n",
-        "iii)rms value of phase voltage= 7158.83679423 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.10, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=60.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "s=3.0\n",
-      "theta=60.0\n",
-      "phi=0.943#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "m=slot/(p*s)\n",
-      "beta=slot/5\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "alpha=(s/15)*180\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "z=slot*z/s\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "eph=z*kf*kc*kd*f*phi*t/2\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph*0.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage= 13196.4478482 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.11, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=15.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "kd=0.95\n",
-      "e=1825#v\n",
-      "kc=1\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "slots=p*slot\n",
-      "slotsp=slots/3\n",
-      "turnp=20*z/2\n",
-      "phi=e/(3**0.5*p*kc*kf*kd*f*turnp)\n",
-      "z=slots*z\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "eg=(phi*0.001*z*n)/slots\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eg*1000,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 749.405577006 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.12, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=360#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=3.6#A\n",
-      "f2=40#Hz\n",
-      "i2=2.4#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=v*i2*f2/(f*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e2=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e2= 160.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.13, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=2\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "per=20#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=180-theta\n",
-      "slotp=6\n",
-      "m=2\n",
-      "beta=180/slotp\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=10*slot*z\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "e1=4.44*kd1*kd1*f*0.12*t\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(3*math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "f2=f*3\n",
-      "phi3=(1.0/3)*per*0.12\n",
-      "e3=4.44*kd3*kd3*theta*0.008*40\n",
-      "e=(e1**2+e3**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e=\",e,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e= 994.25286629 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.14, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "per2=6.0#%\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#star connection\n",
-      "e5=per*v/100\n",
-      "e=(v**2+e5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eph=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#delta\n",
-      "e3=10*v/100\n",
-      "f3=10*3\n",
-      "i=e3/f3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for star=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for delta=\",e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage for star= 400.358589267 V\n",
-        "line voltage for delta= 23.0 V\n",
-        "current= 0.766666666667 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(a), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10.0\n",
-      "p1=24.0\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "f1=p1*n/120\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "n3=(1-s)*n2\n",
-      "f2=s*f1p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f1,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 60.0 Hz\n",
-        "speed= 1140.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(b), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "slotsp=4\n",
-      "cp=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "slots=slotsp*3*p\n",
-      "c=cp*slots\n",
-      "turns=32\n",
-      "kb=math.sin(math.radians(60/2))/(p*math.sin(math.radians(7.5)))\n",
-      "kp=math.cos(math.radians(15))\n",
-      "eph=4.44*50*0.12*kb*0.966*turns\n",
-      "el=eph*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage 1365.94840977 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.16, Page Number:1426"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.66#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "iradrop=i*r\n",
-      "ixsdrop=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+i*r)**2+(vp*sinphi+i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"linevalue of emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "linevalue of emf= 11475.6408913 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(a), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=440.0#KVA\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "il=200.0#A\n",
-      "vf=1160.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zs=vf/200\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous impedence=\",zs,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous reactance=\",xs,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous impedence= 5.8 ohm\n",
-        "synchronous reactance= 5.77840808528 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(b), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.07#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*x\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e=((v+ira)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lag\n",
-      "e2=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf+ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lead\n",
-      "e3=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf-ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=1\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lag\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lead\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage with pf=1 225.174386048 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lag 234.604995966 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lead 208.03726621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.18(a), Page Number:1429"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "x=3.2#ohm\n",
-      "xl=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "rd=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*xl\n",
-      "ea=((v+rd)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*ea\n",
-      "e0=((v+rd)**2+(i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0l=e0*3**0.5\n",
-      "per=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "xa=x-xl\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"internal emf Ea=\",el,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"no load emf=\",e0l,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"valueof synchronous reactance=\",xa,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "internal emf Ea= 471.842539659 V\n",
-        "no load emf= 592.991130967 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 34.7707115833 %\n",
-        "valueof synchronous reactance= 2.7 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 87
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.19, Page Number:1432"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v/vt\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced voltage= 222.090276316 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.20, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.71\n",
-      "i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(pf2))\n",
-      "zs=v2/i\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e01=((v+r*i)**2+(i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8\n",
-      "e02=((v*pf+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.71\n",
-      "e03=((v*pf2+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi2+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg3=(e03-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation unity pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf=\",reg3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.6\n",
-        "voltage regulation unity pf= 6.88779163216 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -8.875640156 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf= 21.1141910671 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.21, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "i1=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=200.0#A\n",
-      "v2=1040.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "e01=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "e02=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= 2.20611574348 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -1.77945143824 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 112
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.22, Page Number:1434"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1600.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=13500.0#V\n",
-      "r=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=30.0#ohm\n",
-      "load1=1280.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load1*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi1-ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= -11.9909032489 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.23, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "thetadel=math.atan((vp*sinphi+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira))\n",
-      "delta=math.degrees(thetadel)-math.degrees(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",delta,\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 48.0405877623 %\n",
-        "power angle= 18.9704078085 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.24, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6000.0#KVA\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "p=2.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i2=125.0#A\n",
-      "v1=8000.0#V\n",
-      "i3=800.0#A\n",
-      "d=0.03\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v1/(3**0.5*i3)\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "rd=d*vp\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=rd\n",
-      "ra=ira/il\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-ra**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+il*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= 62.2972136768 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.25, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "i=600#A\n",
-      "v2=900#V\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i)\n",
-      "rp=r/2\n",
-      "re=rp*1.5\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-re**2)**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=il*rp\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp+ira)**2+(ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1\",reg1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8\",reg2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=1 7.32796146323 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 23.8398862235 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.26, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "load1=11#KV\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x=5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "vt=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=solve(((pf*v+ira)**2+(sinphi*v-ixs)**2)**0.5-e0,v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v[1],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 6978.31767618569 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.27, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1200#KVA\n",
-      "load1=3.3#KV\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=35#A\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=1.1#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v*1000/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "e=v+ia*zs\n",
-      "change=(e-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"per unit change=\",change"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "per unit change= 0.349909254054\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 151
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.28, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11#kV\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v2=12370#V\n",
-      "vt=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E0=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v2/3**0.5\n",
-      "pf=0\n",
-      "sinphi=1\n",
-      "xs=(v-(E0**2-(i*r)**2)**0.5)/i\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "e0=((E0*pf+ira)**2+(E0*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-E0)*100/E0\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 19.6180576177 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.29, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=3500#v\n",
-      "load=2280#KW\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "r=8#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vl=vt/3**0.5\n",
-      "vp=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1*pf)\n",
-      "drop=vl-vp\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x=vl/(z+drop/il)\n",
-      "vtp=vl-x*drop/il\n",
-      "vtpl=vtp*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",vtpl,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 3420.781893 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.30, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.5#MVA\n",
-      "v=4160#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "zs=4750/(3**0.5*il)\n",
-      "ra=0\n",
-      "ixs=il*zs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(regn,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 91.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.31, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=20#A\n",
-      "i_f=37.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "eo=7600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(i_f**2+i*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "reg=(eo-v)*100/v\n",
-      "i=100*i_f/i_f1\n",
-      "zs=100*100/i\n",
-      "Eo=math.sqrt((100+zs*0.6)**2+(zs*pf)**2)\n",
-      "reg2=(Eo-100)*100/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation:\"\n",
-      "print \"by ampere turn method=\",reg,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"by synchronous impedence method=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation:\n",
-        "by ampere turn method= 15 %\n",
-        "by synchronous impedence method= 38.7243469779 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.32, Page Number:1442"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "V=v/math.sqrt(3)+(i*r**pf)\n",
-      "reg=(1555-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "reg2=(1080-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 lagging:\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 leading:\",round(reg2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 lagging: 34.7 %\n",
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 leading: -6.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.33, Page Number:1443"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x_drop=0.1\n",
-      "r_drop=0.02\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "p=800000#VA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ir_drop=r_drop*vp\n",
-      "leakage=x_drop*vp\n",
-      "E=math.sqrt((vp*pf+ir_drop)**2+(vp*0.6+leakage)**2)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I=\",round(i),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I= 140.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.34, Page Number:1444"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=17#A\n",
-      "p=2000000.0#VA\n",
-      "i_f2=42.5#A\n",
-      "v=6000.0/math.sqrt(3)#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((v*pf)**2+(v*0.6+450)**2)\n",
-      "#corresponding i=26.5 A\n",
-      "#field amperes required for balancing armature reaction=14.5A\n",
-      "i_f=math.sqrt(26.5**2+14.5**2+2*26.5*14.4*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resulting field current=\",round(i_f,1),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resulting field current= 36.9 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.35, Page Number:1446"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((vp*pf+i*2)**2+(vp*0.6+p/1000)**2)\n",
-      "i1=math.sqrt(108**2+30**2+2*108*30*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "#corresponding emf=7700V\n",
-      "reg=(7700-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage regulation= 21.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.36, Page Number:1448"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "p=275000.0#W\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "stator_i=35.0#A\n",
-      "exciting_i=50.0#A\n",
-      "x=0.08\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x_drop=v*x/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ia=i*exciting_i/stator_i\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(vp**2+x_drop**2)\n",
-      "oc=59.8#field current corresponding tothe voltage\n",
-      "i_fl=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "ia2=exciting_i*i_fl/stator_i\n",
-      "ei=math.sqrt(ia2**2+oc**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Exciting current=\",round(ei),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Exciting current= 69.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.37, Page Number:1449"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=600000.0#VA\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "l_drop=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "amp_turns=1.06*i*200.0/8\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "x_drop=vp*l_drop/100\n",
-      "oa=1910.0#V\n",
-      "reg=(2242.0-oa)*100/oa\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 17.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.38, Page Number:1450"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=15000000#VA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=8400\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "xl=640/i\n",
-      "zs=(v1/math.sqrt(3))/i\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eo=7540\n",
-      "reg=(eo-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 18.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.39, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "xd=0.7\n",
-      "xq=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(math.radians(36.9)+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"no load voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 14.4702941001 degrees\n",
-        "no load voltage= 1.51511515874 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.40, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "xd=0.6\n",
-      "xq=0.45\n",
-      "ra=0.015\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tanpsi=(v*sinphi+ia*xq)/(v*pf+ia*ra)\n",
-      "psi=math.atan(tanpsi)\n",
-      "delta=psi-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(psi)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(psi)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+iq*ra+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"open circuit voltage=\",e0,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "open circuit voltage= 1.44767600311 V\n",
-        "regulation= 44.7676003107 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.41, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=10#A\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(20)\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+ia*xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(phi+delta)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(phi+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"id=\",i_d,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iq=\",iq,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 8.23131209115 degrees\n",
-        "id= 4.7303232581 A\n",
-        "iq= 8.81045071911 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 189
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.42, Page Number:1459"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e1=220#V\n",
-      "f1=60#Hz\n",
-      "e2=222#V\n",
-      "f2=59#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "emax=(e1+e2)/2\n",
-      "emin=(e2-e1)/2\n",
-      "f=(f1-f2)\n",
-      "epeak=emax/0.707\n",
-      "pulse=(f1-f2)*60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max voltage=\",emax,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"min voltage=\",emin,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"peak value of voltage=\",epeak,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"number of maximum light pulsations/minute=\",pulse"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max voltage= 221 V\n",
-        "min voltage= 1 V\n",
-        "frequency= 1 Hz\n",
-        "peak value of voltage= 312.588401697 V\n",
-        "number of maximum light pulsations/minute= 60\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.43, Page Number:1462"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=1500#kVA\n",
-      "v=6.6#kV\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=power*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "tanphialpha=(vp*math.sin(phi)+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira)\n",
-      "phialpha=math.atan(tanphialpha)\n",
-      "alpha=phialpha-phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power angle= 7.87684146241\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 198
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.44, Page Number:1464"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#KVA\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v=3300#v\n",
-      "x=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ixs=x*vp\n",
-      "xs=x*vp/i\n",
-      "alpha=1*p/2\n",
-      "psy=3*3.14*vp**2/(60*xs*n)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronizing power=\",psy,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tsy*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronizing power= 628.0 kW\n",
-        "torque= 5997.4 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.45, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v1=3.3#kV\n",
-      "r=0.25\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000000/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,r*vp)\n",
-      "xs=ixs/i\n",
-      "v=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(e0.imag/e0.real)-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p=6/2\n",
-      "psy=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(alpha)*math.sin(math.radians(3))/xs\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*3*psy*100/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",-psy*3/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"toque=\",-tsy/100,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 722.236196153j kW\n",
-        "toque= 6897.35567326j N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 221
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.46, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#KVA\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=1#%\n",
-      "x=15#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "vph=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=r*vph/1000\n",
-      "ra=ira/i\n",
-      "xs=x*vph/(100*i)\n",
-      "zs=(ra**2+xs**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "alpha=p/2\n",
-      "psy=math.radians(alpha)*vph**2/xs\n",
-      "#fl 0.8 pf\n",
-      "e=((vph*pf+i*ra)**2+(vph*math.sin(math.acos(pf)+i*xs))**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy2=math.radians(alpha)*e*vph/xs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous power at:\"\n",
-      "print \"no load=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf of 0.8=\",psy2,\"w\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous power at:\n",
-        "no load= 58177.6417331 W\n",
-        "at pf of 0.8= 73621.2350169 w\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.47, Page Number:1466"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "v1=6000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(4)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "e0=((v*pf)**2+(v*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i*r)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy=alpha*e0*v*3/r\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous torque=\",tsy,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 514916.500204 W\n",
-        "synchronous torque= 6556.60343593 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.48, Page Number:1467"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "xs=r*vp/(1000*i)\n",
-      "p=120*f/n\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(2)\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "psy=3*alpha*vp**2/(p*1000)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy*1000/(n*2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8\n",
-      "v2=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,i*4)\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "psy2=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(math.radians(8.1))*math.sin(math.radians(2))*3/4\n",
-      "tsy2=9.55*psy2/(n*20)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power:\"\n",
-      "print \"atno load=\",psy,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"at 0.8 pf=\",psy2,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"torque:\"\n",
-      "print \"at no load=\",tsy,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8=\",tsy2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power:\n",
-        "atno load= 872.664625997 w\n",
-        "at 0.8 pf= 1506057.44405 w\n",
-        "torque:\n",
-        "at no load= 2777.98239276 N-m\n",
-        "at pf=0.8= 479.428286357 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.49, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6.6#kW\n",
-      "load1=3000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "xa=complex(0.5,10)\n",
-      "xb=complex(0.4,12)\n",
-      "i0=150#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=complex(load*1000/3**0.5,0)\n",
-      "cosphi1=1500*1000/(load*1000*i0*3**0.5)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(cosphi1)\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(phi1)\n",
-      "i=328*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "i1=i0*complex(cosphi1,-sinphi1)\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "coshi2=i2.real/181\n",
-      "ea=v+i1*xa\n",
-      "eal=3**0.5*abs(ea)\n",
-      "eb=v+i2*xb\n",
-      "ebl=3**0.5*abs(eb)\n",
-      "alpha1=(ea.imag/ea.real)\n",
-      "alpha2=(eb.imag/eb.real)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Ea=\",ea,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha1=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha2=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Ea= (4602.91884998+1275.81974829j) V\n",
-        "Eb= (5352.42648271+1524.56032028j) V\n",
-        "alpha1= 15.8810288383 degrees\n",
-        "alpha2= 16.3198639435 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 245
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.50, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declration\n",
-      "e1=complex(230,0)\n",
-      "e2=230*complex(0.985,0.174)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0,2)\n",
-      "z2=complex(0,3)\n",
-      "z=6\n",
-      "i1=((e1-e2)*z+e1*z2)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i2=((e2-e1)*z+e2*z1)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*z\n",
-      "p1=abs(v)*abs(i1)*math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=abs(v)*abs(i2)*math.cos(math.atan(i2.imag/i2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power 1=\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power 2=\",p2,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= (222.905384615-28.5730769231j) V\n",
-        "current (37.1508974359-4.76217948718j) A\n",
-        "power 1= 3210.60292765 W\n",
-        "power 2= 5138.29001053 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 249
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.51, Page Number:1471"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1500#kW\n",
-      "v=11#KV\n",
-      "pf=0.867\n",
-      "x=50#ohm\n",
-      "r=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "iwatt=il*pf\n",
-      "iwattless=il*sinphi\n",
-      "i1=il/2\n",
-      "i2=iwatt/2\n",
-      "iw1=(i**2-i1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw2=i2-iw1\n",
-      "ia=(i2**2+iw2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "vt=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ir=i*r\n",
-      "ix=x*i\n",
-      "cosphi=i2/i\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "e=((vt*cosphi+ir)**2+(vt*sinphi+ix)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 43.4628778514 A\n",
-        "line voltage= 14304.0798593 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.52, Page Number:1472"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=6000#kW\n",
-      "pfa=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phia=math.acos(pfa)\n",
-      "tanphi=math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "tanphia=math.tan(phia)\n",
-      "loadkvar=load*1000*tanphi\n",
-      "akvar=output*tanphia\n",
-      "kwb=(load*1000-output)\n",
-      "kvarb=loadkvar-akvar\n",
-      "kvab=complex(kwb,kvarb)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(math.atan(kvab.imag/kvab.real))\n",
-      "kvarb=kwb*pfb\n",
-      "kvara=-loadkvar-kvarb\n",
-      "kvaa=complex(output,kvara)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(math.atan(kvaa.imag/kvaa.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new pfb=\",pfb\n",
-      "print \"new pfa=\",pfa"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new pfb= 0.628980253433\n",
-        "new pfa= 0.513894032194\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.54, Page Number:1473"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "load=1000#KVA\n",
-      "x=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=87.5\n",
-      "x=8.7\n",
-      "vp=3810\n",
-      "e0=4311\n",
-      "ir=70\n",
-      "ix=52.5\n",
-      "IX=762\n",
-      "vb1=(e0**2-vp**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1x=vb1\n",
-      "i1=i1x/x\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*v*i1/1000\n",
-      "b2v=(vp**2+e0**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2z=b2v\n",
-      "i2=b2v/x\n",
-      "i2rx=e0\n",
-      "i2r=i2rx/x\n",
-      "i2x=vp/x\n",
-      "tanphi2=i2x/i2r\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(tanphi2)\n",
-      "cosphi2=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "output1=3**0.5*v*i2*cosphi2/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output at unity pf=\",output,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output1,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " power output at unity pf= 2650.38477722 kW\n",
-        "max power output= 5664.52285143 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 255
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.55, Page Number:1474"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=220.0#A\n",
-      "load=11.0#kV\n",
-      "per=25.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "oa1=load*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "a1c1=i*x\n",
-      "e0=(oa1**2+a1c1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "emf=(1+per/100)*e0\n",
-      "a1a2=(emf**2-a1c1**2)**0.5-oa1\n",
-      "ix=a1a2/x\n",
-      "i1=(i**2+ix**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=i/i1\n",
-      "bv=(oa1**2+emf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "imax=bv/x\n",
-      "ir=emf/x\n",
-      "ix=oa1/x\n",
-      "pfmax=ir/imax\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*load*1000*imax*pfmax*0.001\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new current= 281.573453399 A\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.781323655849\n",
-        "max power output= 16006.7954319 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 258
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.56, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#MVA\n",
-      "load1=35.0#MVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=25.0#MVA\n",
-      "cosphi1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loadmw=load1*pf\n",
-      "loadmvar=load1*0.6\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "mva1=25\n",
-      "mw1=mva1*cosphi1\n",
-      "mvar1=25*sinphi1\n",
-      "mw2=loadmw-mw1\n",
-      "mvar2=loadmvar-mvar1\n",
-      "mva2=(mw2**2+mvar2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cosphi2=mw2/mva2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",mva2\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 10.4509862952\n",
-        "pf= 0.52626611926\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 260
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.57, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "load=600#KW\n",
-      "loadm=707#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "output=900#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kva=1000\n",
-      "kvar=kva*(1-pf1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "active_p=1307-output\n",
-      "reactive_p=loadm-kvar\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"active power shared by second machine=\",active_p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"reactive power shared by second machine=\",reactive_p,\"kVAR\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "active power shared by second machine= 407 kW\n",
-        "reactive power shared by second machine= 271.110105646 kVAR\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.58, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l1=500#kW\n",
-      "l2=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "l3=800#kW\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "l4=500#kW\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "output=1500#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.95\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kw1=l1\n",
-      "kw2=l2\n",
-      "kw3=l3\n",
-      "kw4=500\n",
-      "kvar2=kw2*0.436/pf1\n",
-      "kvar3=kw3*0.6/pf2\n",
-      "kvar4=kw4*0.436/pf3\n",
-      "kvar=output/pf\n",
-      "kw=kw1+kw2+kw3+kw4-output\n",
-      "kvar=kvar2+kvar3+kvar4-kvar\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(math.atan(kvar/kw))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW output=\",kw\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kW output= 1300\n",
-        "pf= 0.981685651341\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 264
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.59, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,2)\n",
-      "ze=complex(3,4)\n",
-      "emf1=complex(2000,0)\n",
-      "emf2=complex(22000,100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=complex(68.2,-102.5)\n",
-      "i2=complex(127,-196.4)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*ze\n",
-      "pva1=v*i1\n",
-      "kw1=pva1.real*3\n",
-      "a11=math.atan(-i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "a12=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(a11-a12)\n",
-      "pva2=v*i2\n",
-      "kw2=pva2.real*3\n",
-      "a21=math.atan(-i2.imag/i2.real)\n",
-      "a22=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(a21-a22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kw output 1=\",kw1/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 1=\",pf1\n",
-      "print \"kw output 2=\",kw2/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 2=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kw output 1= 328.79427\n",
-        "pf 1= 0.606839673468\n",
-        "kw output 2= 610.34892\n",
-        "pf 2= 0.596381892841\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 273
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.63, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500#rpm\n",
-      "j=1.5*10**4#khm2\n",
-      "ratio=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"natural time period of oscillation=\",round(t,3),\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "natural time period of oscillation= 1.364 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.64, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10000#KVA\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "xs=25#%\n",
-      "pf=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=100/xs\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "j=(pf/(0.0083*ns))**2*load*ratio*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"moment of inertia=\",j/1000,\"x10^4 kg-m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "moment of inertia= 29.0317898098 x10^4 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 277
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.65, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#MVA\n",
-      "v=10.0#kV\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "j=2.0*10**5#kgm2\n",
-      "x=40.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=100.0/x\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*1000*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of oscillation of the rotor=\",round(1/t,1),\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of oscillation of the rotor= 0.2 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 283
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.66, Page Number:1483"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "z=complex(1,10)\n",
-      "emf=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=emf*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "costheta=z.real/abs(z)\n",
-      "pmax=e*v*3/(z.imag*1000)\n",
-      "pmax_per_phase=(v/abs(z))*(e-(v/abs(z)))*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max output =\",pmax_per_phase/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max output = 14125.5529273 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 285
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.67, Page Number:1484"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11#kVA\n",
-      "load1=10#MW\n",
-      "z=complex(0.8,8.0)\n",
-      "v=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pmax=(load*1000/3**0.5)*(v*1000/3**0.5)*3/z.imag\n",
-      "imax=((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5/z.imag\n",
-      "pf=(v/3**0.5)*1000/((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum output=\",pmax/1000000,\"MW\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",imax,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum output= 19.25 MW\n",
-        "current= 1284.92866209 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.786318338822\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 289
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_OLWlzHB.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_OLWlzHB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e889465f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_OLWlzHB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:c262c33cbbcf1d1756b9358f8cf1d8ed92f53825858905e2598fd8e15870c7ca"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 39: Special Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.1, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "p=8.0 #number of poles\n",
-      "tp=5.0 #number of teeth for each pole\n",
-      "nr=50.0 #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=p*tp #number of stator teeth\n",
-      "B=((nr-ns)*360)/(nr*ns) #stepping angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stepping angle is \",B,\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stepping angle is  1.8 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.2, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=2.5\n",
-      "rn=25\n",
-      "f=3600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=360/B\n",
-      "s=r*rn\n",
-      "n=(B*f)/360\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resolution =\",int(r),\"steps/revolution\"\n",
-      "print \" Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions =\",int(s)\n",
-      "print \" Shaft speed\", int(n),\"rps\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " Resolution = 144 steps/revolution\n",
-        "Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions = 3600\n",
-        "Shaft speed 25 rps\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.3, Page Number:1544"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=15 #stepping angle\n",
-      "pn=3 #number of phases\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#number of stator teeth\n",
-      "ns1=((360*nr)/(360-(nr*B))) #ns>nr\n",
-      "ns2=((360*nr)/(360+(nr*B))) #nr>ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"When ns>nr: ns= \",ns1\n",
-      "print \"When nr>ns: ns= \",ns2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "When ns>nr: ns=  12\n",
-        "When nr>ns: ns=  6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.4, Page Number:1545"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=1.8\n",
-      "pn=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "ns=nr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of rotor teeth = \",int(nr)\n",
-      "print \"Number of statot teeth = \",int(ns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of rotor teeth =  50.0\n",
-        "Number of statot teeth =  50.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.5, Page Number:1555"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=40\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a) For a=40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=(-40)\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"b) For a=-40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "e12=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-150))\n",
-      "e23=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-30))\n",
-      "e31=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a+90))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"c) For a=30 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e12=\" ,e12,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e23=\" ,e23,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e31=\" ,e31,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a) For a=40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "   e3s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "b) For a=-40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "   e3s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "c) For a=30 degrees\n",
-        "   e12= -17.3205080757 V\n",
-        "   e23= 34.6410161514 V\n",
-        "   e31= -17.3205080757 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PM35Sod.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PM35Sod.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99cfc3c1..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PM35Sod.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1258 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:add10f49c90b647cf79b01d40fd4e1ca71068a8e9a13aad0c70f06cfeaabeda4"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 35: Computations and Circle Diagrams"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.1, Page Number:1316"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "p=450#W\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "loss=135#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*r\n",
-      "core_loss=p-loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "volt=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "g=core_loss/(3*(v/math.sqrt(3))**2)\n",
-      "y=i*math.sqrt(3)/v\n",
-      "b=math.sqrt(y**2-g**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"exciting conductance=\",g,\"seimens/phase\"\n",
-      "print \"susceptance/phase=\",b,\"seimens/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "exciting conductance= 0.0247933884298 seimens/phase\n",
-        "susceptance/phase= 0.155494939853 seimens/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.2, Page Number:1317"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110.0#V\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "v2=30.0#V\n",
-      "inpt=440.0#W\n",
-      "loss=40.0#W\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=vs/i\n",
-      "losses=inpt-loss\n",
-      "r01=losses/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "dc_r=r/2.0\n",
-      "ac_r=dc_r*ratio\n",
-      "effective_r=r01-ac_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r1=\",ac_r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",effective_r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "x01= 0.659157711696 ohm\n",
-        "r1= 0.08 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.133333333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.10, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=1/4.0\n",
-      "slip=3.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=math.sqrt(ratio/((ratio2**2)*0.01*slip))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Percentage Tapping=\",K*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Percentage Tapping= 72.1687836487 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.11, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "n=950#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=v1/math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "If=6*v*i/v1\n",
-      "K=v/v1\n",
-      "kisc=K**2*6*i\n",
-      "ts_tf=(1/6.0)*6**2*(f/1000.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)current=\",If,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)line current=\",kisc,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)percentage=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)voltage= 298.142397 V\n",
-        "b)current= 134.16407865 A\n",
-        "c)line current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "d)percentage= 30.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.12, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=5.0\n",
-      "per=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(ratio/3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(3.0/5)*5**2*0.01*per*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",tst_tf,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 75.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.13, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "per=3.5\n",
-      "v2=92.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(2/(v/v2))\n",
-      "ts_tf=k**2*(v/v2)**2*0.01*per\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 30.4347826087 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.14, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=12.0#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i=45.0#A\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "if_=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*pf*v)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/if_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 2.244\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.15, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=60.0#A\n",
-      "n1=940.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=150.0#N-m\n",
-      "i2=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=(1000-n1)/1000\n",
-      "tst=t*(i2/i)**2*sf\n",
-      "s_i=i2/3\n",
-      "sd_tst=tst/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print\"when star/delta is used:\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",s_i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",sd_tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Starting torque= 225.0 N-m\n",
-        "when star/delta is used:\n",
-        "starting current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 75.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.16, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "tapping=70.7\n",
-      "ratio=6.0\n",
-      "slip=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tst_tf=(1.0/3.0)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "tst_tf2=(1.0/2)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star-delta switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformer switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "star-delta switch:starting torque= 48.0 %\n",
-        "auto-transformer switch:starting torque= 72.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.17, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11.2#W\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=960.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=86.4#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*pf*math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "iph=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(ist*math.sqrt(3)/il)**2*0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting torque= 26.6369577796 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.18, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "iscp=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=iscp/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 1.23388000387\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.19, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.73*1000#W\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=4.5\n",
-      "t=250.0\n",
-      "i=650.0\n",
-      "tap=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=i/3\n",
-      "im=i/3\n",
-      "tst=t/3\n",
-      "ilm=(tap/100)**2*i\n",
-      "imk=(tap/100)*i\n",
-      "tstk=(tap/100)**2*t\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star/delta:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",im,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"60% taps:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ilm,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",imk,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tstk,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " star/delta:\n",
-        "line current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "motor current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 83.3333333333 %\n",
-        "60% taps:\n",
-        "line current= 234.0 %\n",
-        "motor current= 390.0 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.20, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=180.0\n",
-      "flt=35.0\n",
-      "tap=75.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=load*3.0/100\n",
-      "isck=tap**2*isc/100\n",
-      "sf=flt*3\n",
-      "tst_tf=tap**2*sf/100\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",isck,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf/100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 303.75 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 59.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.21, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=7.46#kW\n",
-      "ic=1.7\n",
-      "t=35.0\n",
-      "ratio=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=t*3/100\n",
-      "il1=ic*3\n",
-      "tst=(ratio/1000)**2*sf*10000\n",
-      "il2=(ratio/100)*3*ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"auto-starter:\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current=\",il1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage decreased to 60%\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current\",il2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-starter:\n",
-        "line-current= 5.1 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n",
-        "voltage decreased to 60%\n",
-        "line-current 3.06 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.22, Page Number:1342"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slip=2.0\n",
-      "r=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=6.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "smax=r2=slip/100.0\n",
-      "R1=r2/smax\n",
-      "K=math.pow(smax,1.0/5)\n",
-      "R2=K*R1\n",
-      "R3=K*R2\n",
-      "R4=K*R3\n",
-      "R5=K*R4\n",
-      "p1=R1-R2\n",
-      "p2=R2-R3\n",
-      "p3=R3-R4\n",
-      "p4=R4-R5\n",
-      "p5=R5-r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistances of various starter sections:\"\n",
-      "print \"p1=\",p1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p2=\",p2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p3=\",p3,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p4=\",p4,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p5=\",p5,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistances of various starter sections:\n",
-        "p1= 0.542694948073 ohm\n",
-        "p2= 0.248177141409 ohm\n",
-        "p3= 0.113492660539 ohm\n",
-        "p4= 0.0519007670213 ohm\n",
-        "p5= 0.0237344829577 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.23, Page Number:1345"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "primary=complex(1,3)\n",
-      "outer=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.6,5)\n",
-      "s=4\n",
-      "outer2=complex(3/(s*0.01),1)\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.6/(s*0.01),5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer)+(1/inner))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=4\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer2)+(1/inner2))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=4: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1: torque= 35065.3642462 synch watt\n",
-        "s=4: torque= 32129.9449695 synch watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.24, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.4,2)\n",
-      "outer=complex(2,0.4)\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.4/(s*0.01),2)\n",
-      "outer2=complex(2/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer)\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner.imag/outer.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zo/zi)**2\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=1:\",to_ti\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=5\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner2)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer2)\n",
-      "print zi\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner2.imag/outer2.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zi/zo)**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=5:\",to_ti"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=1: 5.0\n",
-        "8.24621125124\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=5: 0.212478752125\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.25, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05,0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5,0.1)\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.01\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5/(s*0.01),0.1)\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=5:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 22307.6923077 synch watts\n",
-        "s=5:torque= 9620.58966517 synch watts\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.26, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=Symbol('s')\n",
-      "z2=complex(2,1.2)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0.5,3.5)\n",
-      "#Z1=((2/s)^2+1.2^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#Z2=((0.5/s)^2+3.5^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#T1=T2\n",
-      "ans=solve([(((2**2)/(s**2))+1.2**2)-((((0.5**2)/(s**2))+3.5**2)*4)],[s])\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",round(ans[1][0]*100,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 25.1 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.27, Page Number:1347"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zo=complex(1,0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.15,3)\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "stator=complex(0.25,3.5)\n",
-      "z01=z2+stator\n",
-      "i=complex(v,0)/z01\n",
-      "i=abs(i)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z01.real\n",
-      "T=cu_loss*3/(2*math.pi*(n/60))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",T,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 135.560320318 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.28, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z1=complex(1,2.8)\n",
-      "zo=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5,5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.04\n",
-      "zo=complex(3.0/s,1.0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5/s,5.0)\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=4:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 12388.3258184 synch. watt\n",
-        "s=4:torque= 11489.1141244 synch. watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.29, Page Number:1351"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1440.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1320.0#rpm\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/4.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n1)/ns\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.6 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.30, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "s1=s\n",
-      "n1=ns*(1-s1)\n",
-      "n2=n1-10*n1/100\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.646666666667 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.31, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/6\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f_=sa*f\n",
-      "n_=(120*f_)/4\n",
-      "sb=(n_-n)/n_\n",
-      "f__=sb*f_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resu;t\n",
-      "print \"f_=\",f_,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"f_ _=\",f__,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "f_= 20.6 Hz\n",
-        "f_ _= 1.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.32, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f2=1.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "s=f2/f\n",
-      "n=nsc-s*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/4\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f1=sa*f\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "sb=(n2-n)/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 60.8 %\n",
-        "sb= 3.28947368421 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.33, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=74.6#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 29.84 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 79
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.34, Page Number:1355"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 10 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PcS3cZO.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PcS3cZO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 447ef8ab..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PcS3cZO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,388 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6743417a1c79c6197a7cd49755318e10828c09b3cb248c5af8d5364367840700"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 28: Generator Characteristics"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.13, Page Number:984"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "#emf increases by 1 V for every increase of 6 A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=96#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "voltageincrease=i/6\n",
-      "vd=i*ra\n",
-      "voltage_rise=voltageincrease-vd\n",
-      "vconsumer=v+voltage_rise\n",
-      "power_supplied=voltage_rise*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage supplied ot consumer= \",vconsumer,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"power supplied by the booster itself= \",power_supplied/1000,\" kW\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage supplied ot consumer=  234.08  V\n",
-        "power supplied by the booster itself=  1.35168  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.14, Page Number:985"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vd=i*r\n",
-      "voltage_decrease=v-vd\n",
-      "feeder_drop=v*r\n",
-      "booster_voltage=v*v/i1\n",
-      "voltage_net=feeder_drop-booster_voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net decrease in voltage= \",voltage_net,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net decrease in voltage=  2.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.15, Page Number:986"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inl=5.0#A\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "il=6.0#A\n",
-      "i_full=200.0#A(full load)\n",
-      "turns=1600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "shunt_turns1=turns*inl\n",
-      "shunt_turns2=turns*il\n",
-      "increase=shunt_turns2-shunt_turns1\n",
-      "n=increase/i_full#number of series turns required\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of series turns required= \",n,\" tunrs/pole\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of series turns required=  8.0  tunrs/pole\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.16, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#turns/pole\n",
-      "series_winding=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "increase_i=0.2#A\n",
-      "ia=80#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "additional_at=n*increase_i\n",
-      "current_required=additional_at/series_winding\n",
-      "R=(current_required*r)/(ia-current_required)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Divertor resistance= \",R,\" ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Divertor resistance=  0.0833333333333  ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.17, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "divertor=0.14#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#short shunt\n",
-      "vd=i*rse\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "armature_drop=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+vd+armature_drop\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "print vd\n",
-      "E2=v+vd\n",
-      "current_divertor=(ia*divertor)/(divertor+rse)\n",
-      "change=(current_divertor/ia)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)emf induced using short shunt= \",E\n",
-      "print \"b)emf induced using long shunt= \",E2\n",
-      "print \"c)series amp-turns are reduced to \",change,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "16.704\n",
-        "a)emf induced using short shunt=  236.44\n",
-        "b)emf induced using long shunt=  236.704\n",
-        "c)series amp-turns are reduced to  70.0  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.18, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=250*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "i=7#A\n",
-      "inl=12#A\n",
-      "shunt=650#turns/pole\n",
-      "series=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "rse=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i_fulload=p/v\n",
-      "shunt_increase=shunt*(inl-i)\n",
-      "ise=shunt_increase/series\n",
-      "i_d=i_fulload-ise\n",
-      "Rd=(ise*rse)/i_d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load\",Rd,\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load 0.0212751091703 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.19, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "p=60.0*1000#W\n",
-      "n=1600.0#turns/pole\n",
-      "inl=1.25#A\n",
-      "vnl=125#V\n",
-      "il=1.75#A\n",
-      "vl=150.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "extra_excitation=n*(il-inl)\n",
-      "ise=p/vl\n",
-      "series=extra_excitation/ise\n",
-      "ise2=extra_excitation/3\n",
-      "i_d=ise-ise2\n",
-      "rd=(ise2*0.02)/i_d\n",
-      "reg=(vnl-vl)*100/vl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)minimum number of series turns/pole= \",series\n",
-      "print \"ii)divertor resistance= \",rd\n",
-      "print \"iii)voltage regulation= \",reg,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)minimum number of series turns/pole=  2.0\n",
-        "ii)divertor resistance=  0.04\n",
-        "iii)voltage regulation=  -16.6666666667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.20, Page Number:989"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#v\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=160.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#160 A\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "#50 A\n",
-      "vd2=i2*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 160 A=\",vd,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 50 A=\",vd2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage drop at 160 A= 8.0 V\n",
-        "voltage drop at 50 A= 2.5 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PhUBCOd.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PhUBCOd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e889465f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PhUBCOd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:c262c33cbbcf1d1756b9358f8cf1d8ed92f53825858905e2598fd8e15870c7ca"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 39: Special Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.1, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "p=8.0 #number of poles\n",
-      "tp=5.0 #number of teeth for each pole\n",
-      "nr=50.0 #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=p*tp #number of stator teeth\n",
-      "B=((nr-ns)*360)/(nr*ns) #stepping angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stepping angle is \",B,\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stepping angle is  1.8 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.2, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=2.5\n",
-      "rn=25\n",
-      "f=3600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=360/B\n",
-      "s=r*rn\n",
-      "n=(B*f)/360\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resolution =\",int(r),\"steps/revolution\"\n",
-      "print \" Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions =\",int(s)\n",
-      "print \" Shaft speed\", int(n),\"rps\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " Resolution = 144 steps/revolution\n",
-        "Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions = 3600\n",
-        "Shaft speed 25 rps\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.3, Page Number:1544"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=15 #stepping angle\n",
-      "pn=3 #number of phases\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#number of stator teeth\n",
-      "ns1=((360*nr)/(360-(nr*B))) #ns>nr\n",
-      "ns2=((360*nr)/(360+(nr*B))) #nr>ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"When ns>nr: ns= \",ns1\n",
-      "print \"When nr>ns: ns= \",ns2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "When ns>nr: ns=  12\n",
-        "When nr>ns: ns=  6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.4, Page Number:1545"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=1.8\n",
-      "pn=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "ns=nr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of rotor teeth = \",int(nr)\n",
-      "print \"Number of statot teeth = \",int(ns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of rotor teeth =  50.0\n",
-        "Number of statot teeth =  50.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.5, Page Number:1555"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=40\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a) For a=40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=(-40)\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"b) For a=-40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "e12=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-150))\n",
-      "e23=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-30))\n",
-      "e31=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a+90))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"c) For a=30 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e12=\" ,e12,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e23=\" ,e23,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e31=\" ,e31,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a) For a=40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "   e3s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "b) For a=-40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "   e3s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "c) For a=30 degrees\n",
-        "   e12= -17.3205080757 V\n",
-        "   e23= 34.6410161514 V\n",
-        "   e31= -17.3205080757 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PjpHu09.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PjpHu09.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95eb9b1e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PjpHu09.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,391 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:cd727f10a4caede23f6dcd22be7261834b049d15aeb309766271ec0c03a024c2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 36: Single-Phase Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.1, Page Number:1374"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=60\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "xo=xm+x2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zf=(((r2/s)*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jf=(((r2/s)*(r2/s)+(x2*xo))/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jf=math.degrees(math.atan(jf/zf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zb=(((r2/(2-s))*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jb=(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s))+(x2*xo))/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jb=math.degrees(math.atan(jb/zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zb\n",
-      "j01=jf+jb+J1\n",
-      "J01=math.degrees(math.atan(j01/z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zb\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "output=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output = \",output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output =  206.798750547\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.2, Page Number:1375"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=185\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "Xo=53.5\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "cl=3.5#core loss\n",
-      "fl=13.5#friction loss\n",
-      "vf=(82.5/100)*v\n",
-      "ic=(cl*100)/vf\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "rc=vf/ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 1\n",
-      "c=1/rc #conductance of corebranch\n",
-      "s=-(1/xm)#susceptance\n",
-      "a1=(r2/s)/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance\n",
-      "a1j=-x2/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance j\n",
-      "yf=c+a1\n",
-      "yfj=s+a1j\n",
-      "zf=(yf*yf)+(yfj*yfj)\n",
-      "zfr=yf/zf\n",
-      "zfj=yfj/zf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 2\n",
-      "a2=(r2/2-s)/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "a2j=-x2/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "yb=yf+a2\n",
-      "ybj=yfj+a2j\n",
-      "zb1=(yb*yb)+(ybj*ybj)\n",
-      "zbr=yb/zb1\n",
-      "zbj=ybj/zb1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zbr\n",
-      "z01j=J1+zfj+zbj\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zbr\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "watt=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "net_output=watt-fl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net output = \",net_output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net output =  -446.423232085\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.3, Page Number:1376"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=250\n",
-      "v=230\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "zm=4.5\n",
-      "zmj=3.7\n",
-      "za=9.5\n",
-      "zaj=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zma=math.degrees(math.atan(zmj/zm))\n",
-      "ialeadv=90-zma\n",
-      "x=za*(math.tan(math.radians(ialeadv)))\n",
-      "xc=x+zaj\n",
-      "c=1000000/(xc*2*50*3.14)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"C= \",c,\" uf\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C=  211.551875951  uf\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.4, Page Number:1393"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p=250\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "ra=20\n",
-      "la=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "#ac\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*la\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "nac=(ebac*ndc)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "pmech=ebac*ia\n",
-      "T=(pmech*9.55)/nac\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque= \",T,\" N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1606.22922133  rpm\n",
-        "Torque=  0.955  N-m\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.821013282424  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.5, Page Number:1394"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=30\n",
-      "l=0.5\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "idc=0.8\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "ia=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-      "ra=r\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(r*idc)\n",
-      "nac=(ndc*ebac)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1700.52062383  rpm\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.864635321971  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.6, Page Number:1396"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "w=8\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "v2=205\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "ns=(120*f)/pole\n",
-      "tsh=(9.55*w*1000)/ns\n",
-      "alpha=0.5*(math.degrees(math.asin((v*v*math.sin(math.radians(2*a)))/(v2*v2))))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V = \",alpha,\" degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V =  42.9327261097  degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PxZ5uHj.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PxZ5uHj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e889465f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_PxZ5uHj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:c262c33cbbcf1d1756b9358f8cf1d8ed92f53825858905e2598fd8e15870c7ca"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 39: Special Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.1, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "p=8.0 #number of poles\n",
-      "tp=5.0 #number of teeth for each pole\n",
-      "nr=50.0 #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=p*tp #number of stator teeth\n",
-      "B=((nr-ns)*360)/(nr*ns) #stepping angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stepping angle is \",B,\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stepping angle is  1.8 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.2, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=2.5\n",
-      "rn=25\n",
-      "f=3600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=360/B\n",
-      "s=r*rn\n",
-      "n=(B*f)/360\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resolution =\",int(r),\"steps/revolution\"\n",
-      "print \" Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions =\",int(s)\n",
-      "print \" Shaft speed\", int(n),\"rps\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " Resolution = 144 steps/revolution\n",
-        "Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions = 3600\n",
-        "Shaft speed 25 rps\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.3, Page Number:1544"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=15 #stepping angle\n",
-      "pn=3 #number of phases\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#number of stator teeth\n",
-      "ns1=((360*nr)/(360-(nr*B))) #ns>nr\n",
-      "ns2=((360*nr)/(360+(nr*B))) #nr>ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"When ns>nr: ns= \",ns1\n",
-      "print \"When nr>ns: ns= \",ns2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "When ns>nr: ns=  12\n",
-        "When nr>ns: ns=  6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.4, Page Number:1545"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=1.8\n",
-      "pn=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "ns=nr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of rotor teeth = \",int(nr)\n",
-      "print \"Number of statot teeth = \",int(ns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of rotor teeth =  50.0\n",
-        "Number of statot teeth =  50.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.5, Page Number:1555"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=40\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a) For a=40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=(-40)\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"b) For a=-40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "e12=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-150))\n",
-      "e23=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-30))\n",
-      "e31=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a+90))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"c) For a=30 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e12=\" ,e12,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e23=\" ,e23,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e31=\" ,e31,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a) For a=40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "   e3s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "b) For a=-40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "   e3s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "c) For a=30 degrees\n",
-        "   e12= -17.3205080757 V\n",
-        "   e23= 34.6410161514 V\n",
-        "   e31= -17.3205080757 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_Q4fBBjq.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_Q4fBBjq.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0690f646..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_Q4fBBjq.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1741 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:e71bef33b0871199556c73182ec6cd28497a9d9d16612973a23ee2cceda4b35b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 26: D.C. Generators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.3, Page Number:912"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=450#A\n",
-      "v=230#v\n",
-      "rs=50#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.03#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+va\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f. generated in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f. generated in the armature=  243.62  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.4, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#v\n",
-      "rs=250#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vs=ia*rseries\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "vb=ish*b\n",
-      "E=v+va+vs+vb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  506.16  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.5, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "v=220#v\n",
-      "rs=200#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=i*rseries\n",
-      "vshunt=v+vs\n",
-      "ish=vshunt/v\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vb=b*2\n",
-      "E=v+vs+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  232.552045455  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.6, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": true,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#v\n",
-      "i=150.0#A\n",
-      "rs=92.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.03#ohm(divertor)\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rd*rseries)/(rd+rseries)\n",
-      "tr=ra+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "Eg=v+vd\n",
-      "tp=Eg*ia\n",
-      "pl=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*sdr)+(v*ish)+(v*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resuts\n",
-      "print \"i) Induced e.m.f.= \",Eg,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)Total power generated= \",tp,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)Distribution of the total power:\"\n",
-      "print \" power lost in armature=                \", ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "print \"power lost in series field and divider= \", ia*ia*sdr\n",
-      "print \"power dissipated in shunt winding=      \", v*ish\n",
-      "print \"power delivered to load=                \", v*i\n",
-      "print \"                                         ------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Total=                                  \", pl"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) Induced e.m.f.=  236.405  V\n",
-        "ii)Total power generated=  36051.7625  W\n",
-        "iii)Distribution of the total power:\n",
-        " power lost in armature=                 744.2\n",
-        "power lost in series field and divider=  232.5625\n",
-        "power dissipated in shunt winding=       575.0\n",
-        "power delivered to load=                 34500.0\n",
-        "                                         ------------\n",
-        "Total=                                   36051.7625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.7, Page Number:914"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=300000.0#w\n",
-      "v=600.0#v\n",
-      "sr=75.0#ohm\n",
-      "abr=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "cr=0.011#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "dr=0.036#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "io=p/v#output current\n",
-      "ish=v/sr\n",
-      "ia=io+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rseries*dr)/(rseries+dr)\n",
-      "tr=abr+cr+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "va=v+vd\n",
-      "pg=va*ia\n",
-      "W=pg/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generatedby the armature= \",va,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power generated by the armature= \",W, \"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generatedby the armature=  625.4  V\n",
-        "Power generated by the armature=  317.7032 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.8, Page Number:915"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=7*math.pow(10,-3)\n",
-      "z=51*20\n",
-      "a=p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#r.p.m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=(phi*z*n*p)/(a*60)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generated= \",Eg,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generated=  178.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.9, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=8\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "N=500#armature conductor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=phi*(n/60)*(p/a)*N\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f generated= \",E,\" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f generated=  500.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.10, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=127#v\n",
-      "vt=120#v(terminal voltage)\n",
-      "r=15#ohms\n",
-      "i1=8.47#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohms\n",
-      "fi=8#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=v+(i1*ra)\n",
-      "ia=(Eg-vt)/ra\n",
-      "il=ia-fi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current \",il,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current  350.47  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(a), Page Number:917"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=778\n",
-      "n=500\n",
-      "ra=0.24\n",
-      "rl=12.5\n",
-      "r=250\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "si=v/r\n",
-      "ai=il+si\n",
-      "emf=v+(ai*ra)\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ai,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",emf,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",round(phi*1000,2),\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  21.0  A\n",
-        "induced e.m.f.=  255.04  V\n",
-        "flux per pole=  9.83  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(b), Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "P=5000.0#w\n",
-      "P2=2500.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=120\n",
-      "N=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "gc=P/v\n",
-      "li=P2/v\n",
-      "ti=gc+li\n",
-      "fc=1\n",
-      "ai=ti+fc\n",
-      "ard=ai*ra\n",
-      "emf=v+ard+2\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*N)\n",
-      "ac_perparralelpath=ai/p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current per parallel path= \",ac_perparralelpath,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Flux per pole=  129.1  mWb\n",
-        "Armature current per parallel path=  7.75  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.12, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2.0#V(brush drop)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "R=v/i\n",
-      "E1=v+(i*ra)+bd\n",
-      "E2=(E1*n2)/n1\n",
-      "il=(E2-bd)/0.675\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.= \",round(il,2),\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.=  157.04  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.13, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=900 #rpm\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "E=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "phi=10#mWb\n",
-      "N=8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(E-V)/ra\n",
-      "Z=(E*600*2)/(phi*math.pow(10,-3)*n*p)\n",
-      "#since there ae 8 turns in a coil,it means there are 16 active conductor\n",
-      "number_of_coils=Z/16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"number of coils= \",number_of_coils"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  100.0  A\n",
-        "number of coils=  500.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.14, Page Number:919"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=120.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rs=25#ohm\n",
-      "rsw=0.04#ohm(series winding)\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "#i)Long shunt\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#i)Short shunt\n",
-      "vds=il*rsw\n",
-      "vs=V+vds\n",
-      "ish=vs/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt=  130.48  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt= 104.8  A\n",
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt=  130.496  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt= 104.96  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.15, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=25000.0#W\n",
-      "V=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=1.0#V\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/V\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "vds=ia*rseries\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "vdb=vb*2\n",
-      "E=V+vds+vda+vdb\n",
-      "Z=(E*60*4)/(phi*n*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"The e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"The number of conductors=\",Z"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The e.m.f. generated=  505.675  V\n",
-        "The number of conductors= 1264.1875\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.16, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "e=240.0#V\n",
-      "z=792\n",
-      "phi=0.0145#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi_working=(e*60*2)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "lambda_=phi/phi_working\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Leakage coefficient= \",round(lambda_,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Leakage coefficient=  1.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.17, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rt=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "rtotal=t*rt\n",
-      "r_eachpath=rtotal/p\n",
-      "ra=r_eachpath/a\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "V=E-vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage= \",V, \" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal Voltage=  459.25  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.18, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rturn=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rsc=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ra=0.055#ohm\n",
-      "ra=ra+rsc\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "v=E-va\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "i=ia-ish\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output= \",round(output/1000,3),\" kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output=  20.813  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.19, Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "v=125#V\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E1=v+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "E2=E1*n2/n1*0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%=\",E2,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%= 90.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(a), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=378\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "rl=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "V=(100.0/111.0)*E\n",
-      "il=V/rl\n",
-      "P=il*V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power absorbed by the load is= \",P,\" W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power absorbed by the load is=  5154.12710007  W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(b), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=300\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#rpm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "il=90#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ifield=E/rf\n",
-      "ia=ifield+il\n",
-      "V=E-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage= \",V,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal voltage=  481.2  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(a), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "e=250.0#V\n",
-      "d=350.0#mm\n",
-      "air_gap=3.0#mm\n",
-      "al=260.0#mm\n",
-      "fringing=0.8\n",
-      "coils=96\n",
-      "t=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=t*coils*2\n",
-      "a=p*2\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "di=d+air_gap\n",
-      "pole_arc=(3.14*di*fringing)/6\n",
-      "B=phi/(pole_arc*0.000001*al)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi,\" Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"effective pole arc lenght= \",pole_arc*0.001,\" m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux density= \",B,\" T\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  0.0434027777778  Wb\n",
-        "effective pole arc lenght=  0.147789333333  m\n",
-        "flux density=  1.12953862717  T\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(b), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "e=250.0#v\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "b=35.0#cm\n",
-      "ratio=0.7\n",
-      "lpole=20.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pole_pitch=(b*3.14)/p\n",
-      "polearc=ratio*pole_pitch\n",
-      "pole_area=polearc*lpole\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "mean_flux=phi/(pole_area*math.pow(10,-4))\n",
-      "              \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Mean flux density= \",mean_flux,\" Wb/m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Mean flux density=  0.649941505265  Wb/m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(d), Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v+(i*rseries)\n",
-      "ish=va/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "e=va+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "ishunt=v/rs\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rseries)\n",
-      "e2=v+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(short shunt)\",e,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(long shunt)\",e2,\" V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf generated(short shunt) 114.070666667  V\n",
-        "emf generated(long shunt) 114.123666667  V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.22, Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "w=20000.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rs=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=w/v\n",
-      "i_f=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+i_f\n",
-      "ip=w/efficiency#input power\n",
-      "total_loss=ip-w\n",
-      "copper_loss=(ia*ia*(ra+rseries))+(i_f*i_f*rs)\n",
-      "ironloss=total_loss-copper_loss\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "T=ip/omega\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#omega\n",
-      "print \"Copper loss= \",copper_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Iron and friction loss= \",ironloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque developed by the prime mover= \",T,\"Nw-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Copper loss=  1216.88892562  W\n",
-        "Iron and friction loss=  2312.52283909  W\n",
-        "Torque developed by the prime mover=  224.803297115 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.23, Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declartaion\n",
-      "power=10000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=534\n",
-      "cu_loss=0.64*1000#W\n",
-      "vbd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=power/v\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+vbd\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  30.0  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(a), Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=195#A\n",
-      "pd=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "p=250#W\n",
-      "strayloss=950#W\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=pd/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=pd+vda\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(pd*ish)\n",
-      "output_prime=(pd*i)+strayloss+cu_loss\n",
-      "power_a=output_prime-strayloss\n",
-      "neu_m=(power_a/output_prime)\n",
-      "neu_e=(pd*i)/((pd*i)+cu_loss)\n",
-      "neu_c=(pd*i)/output_prime\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \" b)Cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" c)output of prime mover= \",output_prime,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" d)mechanical efficiency= \",neu_m*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   electrical efficiency= \",neu_e*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   commercial efficiency= \",neu_c*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)e.m.f. generated=  254.0  V\n",
-        " b)Cu losses=  2050.0  W\n",
-        " c)output of prime mover=  51750.0  W\n",
-        " d)mechanical efficiency=  98.1642512077  %\n",
-        "   electrical efficiency=  95.9645669291  %\n",
-        "   commercial efficiency=  94.2028985507  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(b), Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "total_loss=(v*i*0.5)+((il+i*0.5)*(il+i*0.5)*ra)+(v*i*0.5)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency=  87.8312542029  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.25, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=196#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "stray_loss=720#W\n",
-      "rsh=55#ohm\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "inpute=output/e\n",
-      "total_loss=inpute-output\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "constant_loss=cu_loss+stray_loss\n",
-      "culoss_a=total_loss-constant_loss\n",
-      "ra=culoss_a/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "I=math.sqrt(constant_loss/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency\",I,\" A\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency 122.283568103  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.26, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "p=22*1000#w\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "I=p/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+I\n",
-      "vdseries=ia*rseries\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*rseries)+(rsh*ish*ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=(p/efficiency)-p\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "T=(p/efficiency*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)iron and friction loss= \",strayloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)Torque exerted by the prime mover= \",T,\" N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cu losses=  1584.44  W\n",
-        "b)iron and friction loss=  1415.56  W\n",
-        "c)Torque exerted by the prime mover=  238.853503185  N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.27, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=1#V(voltage drop per brush)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=i*r\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+(2*vdb)\n",
-      "totalpower=E*ia\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/totalpower\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced e.m.f.=  214.0  V\n",
-        "efficiency=  77.8816199377  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.28, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=100#ohm\n",
-      "ironloss=1000#W\n",
-      "frictionloss=500#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "totalra=ra+rseries+ri\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "copperloss=ia*ia*totalra\n",
-      "shculoss=ish*v\n",
-      "total_loss=copperloss+ironloss+frictionloss+shculoss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"F.L. efficiency of the machine= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "F.L. efficiency of the machine=  87.3089843128  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.29, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "ironloss=8#kW\n",
-      "r=0.25#reduction in speed\n",
-      "n_ironloss=5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([ironloss-(A*1+B*1**2),n_ironloss-(A*(1-r)+B*(1-r)**2)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]\n",
-      "we=ans[B]\n",
-      "wh2=ans[A]*0.5\n",
-      "we2=ans[B]*0.5**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)full speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)half speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh2,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we2,3),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)full speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 2.667 kW\n",
-        "We= 5.333 kW\n",
-        "ii)half speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 1.333 kW\n",
-        "We= 1.333 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.30, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "N=Symbol('N')\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "wh=250.0#w\n",
-      "we=100.0#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "A=wh/(n/60)\n",
-      "B=we/((n/60)**2)\n",
-      "new_loss=(wh+we)/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([new_loss-A*N-B*(N**2)],[N])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed at which total loss will be halved=\",ans[1],\"r.p.s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed at which total loss will be halved= (9.50045787200216,) r.p.s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.31, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=160.0#ohm\n",
-      "mechcoreloss=500.0#W\n",
-      "culoss=360.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "i=output/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+i\n",
-      "culossa=ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "totalloss=culoss+mechcoreloss+culossa\n",
-      "inputp=output+totalloss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inputp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power required= \",inputp*0.001,\" kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficinecy= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power required=  11.9780166667  kW\n",
-        "efficinecy=  83.486275552  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.32, Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=110*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.002#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "E=v+ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf=  226.024  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.33 Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "E=216.0#V\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "slots=144\n",
-      "con=6\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=con*slots\n",
-      "a=p\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "armatureE=(phi*z*n2*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the armature emf= \",armatureE,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the armature emf=  360.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.34 Page Number:933"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ar=p*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature resistance=\",ar"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature resistance= 0.6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_QmSJVCe.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_QmSJVCe.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 447ef8ab..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_QmSJVCe.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,388 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6743417a1c79c6197a7cd49755318e10828c09b3cb248c5af8d5364367840700"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 28: Generator Characteristics"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.13, Page Number:984"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "#emf increases by 1 V for every increase of 6 A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=96#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "voltageincrease=i/6\n",
-      "vd=i*ra\n",
-      "voltage_rise=voltageincrease-vd\n",
-      "vconsumer=v+voltage_rise\n",
-      "power_supplied=voltage_rise*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage supplied ot consumer= \",vconsumer,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"power supplied by the booster itself= \",power_supplied/1000,\" kW\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage supplied ot consumer=  234.08  V\n",
-        "power supplied by the booster itself=  1.35168  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.14, Page Number:985"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vd=i*r\n",
-      "voltage_decrease=v-vd\n",
-      "feeder_drop=v*r\n",
-      "booster_voltage=v*v/i1\n",
-      "voltage_net=feeder_drop-booster_voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net decrease in voltage= \",voltage_net,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net decrease in voltage=  2.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.15, Page Number:986"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inl=5.0#A\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "il=6.0#A\n",
-      "i_full=200.0#A(full load)\n",
-      "turns=1600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "shunt_turns1=turns*inl\n",
-      "shunt_turns2=turns*il\n",
-      "increase=shunt_turns2-shunt_turns1\n",
-      "n=increase/i_full#number of series turns required\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of series turns required= \",n,\" tunrs/pole\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of series turns required=  8.0  tunrs/pole\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.16, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#turns/pole\n",
-      "series_winding=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "increase_i=0.2#A\n",
-      "ia=80#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "additional_at=n*increase_i\n",
-      "current_required=additional_at/series_winding\n",
-      "R=(current_required*r)/(ia-current_required)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Divertor resistance= \",R,\" ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Divertor resistance=  0.0833333333333  ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.17, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "divertor=0.14#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#short shunt\n",
-      "vd=i*rse\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "armature_drop=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+vd+armature_drop\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "print vd\n",
-      "E2=v+vd\n",
-      "current_divertor=(ia*divertor)/(divertor+rse)\n",
-      "change=(current_divertor/ia)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)emf induced using short shunt= \",E\n",
-      "print \"b)emf induced using long shunt= \",E2\n",
-      "print \"c)series amp-turns are reduced to \",change,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "16.704\n",
-        "a)emf induced using short shunt=  236.44\n",
-        "b)emf induced using long shunt=  236.704\n",
-        "c)series amp-turns are reduced to  70.0  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.18, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=250*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "i=7#A\n",
-      "inl=12#A\n",
-      "shunt=650#turns/pole\n",
-      "series=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "rse=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i_fulload=p/v\n",
-      "shunt_increase=shunt*(inl-i)\n",
-      "ise=shunt_increase/series\n",
-      "i_d=i_fulload-ise\n",
-      "Rd=(ise*rse)/i_d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load\",Rd,\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load 0.0212751091703 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.19, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "p=60.0*1000#W\n",
-      "n=1600.0#turns/pole\n",
-      "inl=1.25#A\n",
-      "vnl=125#V\n",
-      "il=1.75#A\n",
-      "vl=150.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "extra_excitation=n*(il-inl)\n",
-      "ise=p/vl\n",
-      "series=extra_excitation/ise\n",
-      "ise2=extra_excitation/3\n",
-      "i_d=ise-ise2\n",
-      "rd=(ise2*0.02)/i_d\n",
-      "reg=(vnl-vl)*100/vl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)minimum number of series turns/pole= \",series\n",
-      "print \"ii)divertor resistance= \",rd\n",
-      "print \"iii)voltage regulation= \",reg,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)minimum number of series turns/pole=  2.0\n",
-        "ii)divertor resistance=  0.04\n",
-        "iii)voltage regulation=  -16.6666666667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.20, Page Number:989"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#v\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=160.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#160 A\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "#50 A\n",
-      "vd2=i2*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 160 A=\",vd,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 50 A=\",vd2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage drop at 160 A= 8.0 V\n",
-        "voltage drop at 50 A= 2.5 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_SUM8Scj.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_SUM8Scj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99cfc3c1..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_SUM8Scj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1258 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:add10f49c90b647cf79b01d40fd4e1ca71068a8e9a13aad0c70f06cfeaabeda4"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 35: Computations and Circle Diagrams"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.1, Page Number:1316"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "p=450#W\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "loss=135#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*r\n",
-      "core_loss=p-loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "volt=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "g=core_loss/(3*(v/math.sqrt(3))**2)\n",
-      "y=i*math.sqrt(3)/v\n",
-      "b=math.sqrt(y**2-g**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"exciting conductance=\",g,\"seimens/phase\"\n",
-      "print \"susceptance/phase=\",b,\"seimens/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "exciting conductance= 0.0247933884298 seimens/phase\n",
-        "susceptance/phase= 0.155494939853 seimens/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.2, Page Number:1317"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110.0#V\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "v2=30.0#V\n",
-      "inpt=440.0#W\n",
-      "loss=40.0#W\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=vs/i\n",
-      "losses=inpt-loss\n",
-      "r01=losses/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "dc_r=r/2.0\n",
-      "ac_r=dc_r*ratio\n",
-      "effective_r=r01-ac_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r1=\",ac_r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",effective_r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "x01= 0.659157711696 ohm\n",
-        "r1= 0.08 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.133333333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.10, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=1/4.0\n",
-      "slip=3.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=math.sqrt(ratio/((ratio2**2)*0.01*slip))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Percentage Tapping=\",K*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Percentage Tapping= 72.1687836487 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.11, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "n=950#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=v1/math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "If=6*v*i/v1\n",
-      "K=v/v1\n",
-      "kisc=K**2*6*i\n",
-      "ts_tf=(1/6.0)*6**2*(f/1000.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)current=\",If,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)line current=\",kisc,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)percentage=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)voltage= 298.142397 V\n",
-        "b)current= 134.16407865 A\n",
-        "c)line current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "d)percentage= 30.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.12, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=5.0\n",
-      "per=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(ratio/3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(3.0/5)*5**2*0.01*per*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",tst_tf,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 75.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.13, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "per=3.5\n",
-      "v2=92.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(2/(v/v2))\n",
-      "ts_tf=k**2*(v/v2)**2*0.01*per\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 30.4347826087 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.14, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=12.0#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i=45.0#A\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "if_=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*pf*v)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/if_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 2.244\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.15, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=60.0#A\n",
-      "n1=940.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=150.0#N-m\n",
-      "i2=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=(1000-n1)/1000\n",
-      "tst=t*(i2/i)**2*sf\n",
-      "s_i=i2/3\n",
-      "sd_tst=tst/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print\"when star/delta is used:\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",s_i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",sd_tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Starting torque= 225.0 N-m\n",
-        "when star/delta is used:\n",
-        "starting current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 75.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.16, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "tapping=70.7\n",
-      "ratio=6.0\n",
-      "slip=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tst_tf=(1.0/3.0)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "tst_tf2=(1.0/2)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star-delta switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformer switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "star-delta switch:starting torque= 48.0 %\n",
-        "auto-transformer switch:starting torque= 72.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.17, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11.2#W\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=960.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=86.4#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*pf*math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "iph=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(ist*math.sqrt(3)/il)**2*0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting torque= 26.6369577796 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.18, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "iscp=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=iscp/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 1.23388000387\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.19, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.73*1000#W\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=4.5\n",
-      "t=250.0\n",
-      "i=650.0\n",
-      "tap=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=i/3\n",
-      "im=i/3\n",
-      "tst=t/3\n",
-      "ilm=(tap/100)**2*i\n",
-      "imk=(tap/100)*i\n",
-      "tstk=(tap/100)**2*t\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star/delta:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",im,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"60% taps:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ilm,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",imk,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tstk,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " star/delta:\n",
-        "line current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "motor current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 83.3333333333 %\n",
-        "60% taps:\n",
-        "line current= 234.0 %\n",
-        "motor current= 390.0 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.20, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=180.0\n",
-      "flt=35.0\n",
-      "tap=75.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=load*3.0/100\n",
-      "isck=tap**2*isc/100\n",
-      "sf=flt*3\n",
-      "tst_tf=tap**2*sf/100\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",isck,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf/100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 303.75 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 59.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.21, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=7.46#kW\n",
-      "ic=1.7\n",
-      "t=35.0\n",
-      "ratio=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=t*3/100\n",
-      "il1=ic*3\n",
-      "tst=(ratio/1000)**2*sf*10000\n",
-      "il2=(ratio/100)*3*ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"auto-starter:\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current=\",il1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage decreased to 60%\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current\",il2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-starter:\n",
-        "line-current= 5.1 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n",
-        "voltage decreased to 60%\n",
-        "line-current 3.06 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.22, Page Number:1342"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slip=2.0\n",
-      "r=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=6.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "smax=r2=slip/100.0\n",
-      "R1=r2/smax\n",
-      "K=math.pow(smax,1.0/5)\n",
-      "R2=K*R1\n",
-      "R3=K*R2\n",
-      "R4=K*R3\n",
-      "R5=K*R4\n",
-      "p1=R1-R2\n",
-      "p2=R2-R3\n",
-      "p3=R3-R4\n",
-      "p4=R4-R5\n",
-      "p5=R5-r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistances of various starter sections:\"\n",
-      "print \"p1=\",p1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p2=\",p2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p3=\",p3,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p4=\",p4,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p5=\",p5,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistances of various starter sections:\n",
-        "p1= 0.542694948073 ohm\n",
-        "p2= 0.248177141409 ohm\n",
-        "p3= 0.113492660539 ohm\n",
-        "p4= 0.0519007670213 ohm\n",
-        "p5= 0.0237344829577 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.23, Page Number:1345"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "primary=complex(1,3)\n",
-      "outer=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.6,5)\n",
-      "s=4\n",
-      "outer2=complex(3/(s*0.01),1)\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.6/(s*0.01),5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer)+(1/inner))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=4\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer2)+(1/inner2))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=4: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1: torque= 35065.3642462 synch watt\n",
-        "s=4: torque= 32129.9449695 synch watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.24, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.4,2)\n",
-      "outer=complex(2,0.4)\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.4/(s*0.01),2)\n",
-      "outer2=complex(2/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer)\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner.imag/outer.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zo/zi)**2\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=1:\",to_ti\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=5\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner2)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer2)\n",
-      "print zi\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner2.imag/outer2.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zi/zo)**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=5:\",to_ti"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=1: 5.0\n",
-        "8.24621125124\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=5: 0.212478752125\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.25, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05,0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5,0.1)\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.01\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5/(s*0.01),0.1)\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=5:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 22307.6923077 synch watts\n",
-        "s=5:torque= 9620.58966517 synch watts\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.26, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=Symbol('s')\n",
-      "z2=complex(2,1.2)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0.5,3.5)\n",
-      "#Z1=((2/s)^2+1.2^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#Z2=((0.5/s)^2+3.5^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#T1=T2\n",
-      "ans=solve([(((2**2)/(s**2))+1.2**2)-((((0.5**2)/(s**2))+3.5**2)*4)],[s])\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",round(ans[1][0]*100,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 25.1 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.27, Page Number:1347"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zo=complex(1,0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.15,3)\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "stator=complex(0.25,3.5)\n",
-      "z01=z2+stator\n",
-      "i=complex(v,0)/z01\n",
-      "i=abs(i)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z01.real\n",
-      "T=cu_loss*3/(2*math.pi*(n/60))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",T,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 135.560320318 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.28, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z1=complex(1,2.8)\n",
-      "zo=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5,5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.04\n",
-      "zo=complex(3.0/s,1.0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5/s,5.0)\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=4:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 12388.3258184 synch. watt\n",
-        "s=4:torque= 11489.1141244 synch. watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.29, Page Number:1351"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1440.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1320.0#rpm\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/4.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n1)/ns\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.6 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.30, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "s1=s\n",
-      "n1=ns*(1-s1)\n",
-      "n2=n1-10*n1/100\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.646666666667 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.31, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/6\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f_=sa*f\n",
-      "n_=(120*f_)/4\n",
-      "sb=(n_-n)/n_\n",
-      "f__=sb*f_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resu;t\n",
-      "print \"f_=\",f_,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"f_ _=\",f__,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "f_= 20.6 Hz\n",
-        "f_ _= 1.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.32, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f2=1.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "s=f2/f\n",
-      "n=nsc-s*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/4\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f1=sa*f\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "sb=(n2-n)/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 60.8 %\n",
-        "sb= 3.28947368421 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.33, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=74.6#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 29.84 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 79
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.34, Page Number:1355"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 10 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_T4mzLHI.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_T4mzLHI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f35c124e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_T4mzLHI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1233 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:fc88e8a107629d62ff7c77f84f67a9d9da67e1160053ed6d930ef88cb4cc11d6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 27: Armature Reaction and Commutation"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.1, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=722\n",
-      "ia=100.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=8.0#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 802.222222222\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 3710.27777778\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.2, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=1280\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "commuter=160\n",
-      "advanced_segments=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/8\n",
-      "theta_m=advanced_segments*360/commuter\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 800.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1200.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(a), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=880\n",
-      "ia=120.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=3.0#degrees\n",
-      "n=1100#tturns/pole\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "iadditional=(atd_perpole/n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"b)cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"c)additional field current=\",iadditional,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)armature demagnetization= 440.0 AT\n",
-        "b)cross-magnetization= 6160.0 AT\n",
-        "c)additional field current= 0.4 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(b), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=480\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0*2#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/4\n",
-      "total=(z*i)/(2*p)\n",
-      "atd_perpole=total*(2*theta_m/180)\n",
-      "atc_perpole=total*(1-(2*theta_m/180))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 500.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1750.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.4, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=492\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0\n",
-      "ia=143.0+10.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=ia/2#wave wound\n",
-      "i2=ia/4#lap wound\n",
-      "atd_perpole1=z*i1*theta_m/360#wave wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt1=atd_perpole1/theta_m\n",
-      "atd_perpole2=z*i2*(theta_m/360.0)#lap wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt2=atd_perpole2/theta_m\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"wave wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole1,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt1)\n",
-      "print \"lap wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole2,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "wave wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 1045.5 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 104\n",
-        "lap wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 522.75 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 52\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.5, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "p=50*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "z=400\n",
-      "commuter=4\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "segments=z/a\n",
-      "theta=pole*360.0/segments\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360)\n",
-      "extra=atd/ish\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"demagnetisation=\",atd,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt turns/poles\",extra"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "demagnetisation= 820.0 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt turns/poles 164.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.6, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "theta=10.0#degrees\n",
-      "lambda_=1.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*p))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "atd=z*i*theta/360\n",
-      "extra=lambda_*atd/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)cross magnetization ampere-turns=\",atc\n",
-      "print \"ii)back ampere-turns\",atd\n",
-      "print \"iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns\",int(extra)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)cross magnetization ampere-turns= 2777.77777778\n",
-        "ii)back ampere-turns 1388.88888889\n",
-        "iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns 9\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.7, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=22.38#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "z=840\n",
-      "commutator=140\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ish=1.8#A\n",
-      "back=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=p*1000.0/efficiency\n",
-      "input_i=motor_input/v\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2.0\n",
-      "theta=back*360/commutator\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360.0)\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*pole))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole=\",atd\n",
-      "print \"distorting amp-turns/pole=\",atc"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole= 251.998140496\n",
-        "distorting amp-turns/pole= 2687.98016529\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.8, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ia=1000#A\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "z=860\n",
-      "per=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "at=per/p*z*(i/2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"AT/pole for compensation winding=\",at"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "AT/pole for compensation winding= 3010.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.9, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "segment=123\n",
-      "wb=3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=n/60.0*segment\n",
-      "commutation=wb/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commutation time=\",commutation*1000,\"millisecond\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commutation time= 1.82926829268 millisecond\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.10, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "d=30#cm\n",
-      "ia=150#A\n",
-      "wb=1.25#cm\n",
-      "L=0.07*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "v=3.14*d*(n/60)\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 19.782 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.11, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "segments=55\n",
-      "n=900\n",
-      "wb=1.74\n",
-      "L=153*math.pow(10,-6)#H\n",
-      "i=27#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=segments*n/60\n",
-      "Tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/Tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 3.91732758621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.12, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "z=64\n",
-      "wb=1.2\n",
-      "L=0.05#mH\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "L=L*0.001\n",
-      "v=n/60*z\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "#i.linear\n",
-      "E1=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "#ii.sinusoidal\n",
-      "E2=1.11*E1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Linear commutation,E=\",E1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Sinosoidal commutation,E=\",E2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Linear commutation,E= 5.0 V\n",
-        "Sinosoidal commutation,E= 5.55 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.13, Page Number:951"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "B=0.5#Wb/m2\n",
-      "Ig=4.0#mm\n",
-      "ia=500.0#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "arm_mmf=z*(ia/p)/(2*p)\n",
-      "compole=int(B*Ig*0.001/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)))\n",
-      "mag=0.1*compole\n",
-      "total_compole=int(compole+mag)\n",
-      "total_mmf=arm_mmf+total_compole\n",
-      "Ncp=total_mmf/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of turns on each commutating pole=\",int(Ncp)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of turns on each commutating pole= 11\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.14, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p1=100.0#kW\n",
-      "V1=250#V\n",
-      "p2=300.0#kW\n",
-      "V2=250#V\n",
-      "i1=200#A\n",
-      "i2=500#A\n",
-      "il=600#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "delI1=p1/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "delI2=p2/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load=\",delI1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load=\",delI2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load= 150.0 A\n",
-        "Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load= 450.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 92
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.15, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v_nl1=270#V\n",
-      "v_l=220#V\n",
-      "il1=35#A\n",
-      "v_nl2=280#V\n",
-      "il2=50#A\n",
-      "il=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v_nl1-v_l\n",
-      "vd_pa=vd1/il1#voltage drop per ampere\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd_pa2=(v_nl2-v_l)/il2\n",
-      "#270=(10/7)i1=280-1.2*i2\n",
-      "ans=solve([4.2*i2-5*i1-35,i1+i2-60],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v_nl2-vd_pa2*ans[i2]\n",
-      "o1=v*ans[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=v*ans[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output current of first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1)\n",
-      "print \"output current of second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1)\n",
-      "print \"output of first machine=\",round(o1,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second machine=\",round(o2,1),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output current of first machine= 23.6\n",
-        "output current of second machine= 36.4\n",
-        "output of first machine= 5.7 kW\n",
-        "output of second machine= 8.9 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.16, Page Number:958"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rf=20#ohm\n",
-      "i=4000#A\n",
-      "v1=210#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#V+(i1+v/20)*0.01=210\n",
-      "#V+(i2+v/20)*0.01=220\n",
-      "#solving the above two equations we have i1-i2=1000\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1-i2-1000,i1+i2-4000],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=solve([v1-(ans[i1]+v/20)*0.01-v],[v])\n",
-      "o1=V[v]*ans[i1]/1000\n",
-      "o2=V[v]*ans[i2]/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",V[v],\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"output of first generator=\",o1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second generator=\",o2,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Bus bar voltage= 184.907546226887 V\n",
-        "output of first generator= 462.268865567216 kW\n",
-        "output of second generator= 277.361319340330 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.17, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "i=250.0#A\n",
-      "v1=50.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=100.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.06\n",
-      "r2=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v*r1\n",
-      "il1=v1*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d1=vd1/il1\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd2=v*r2\n",
-      "il2=v2*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d2=vd2/il2\n",
-      "#3i1/10=i2/10\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1+i2-i,3*i1-i2],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v-(3*ans[i1]/10)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(v,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to first machine= 62.5 A\n",
-        "current delivered to second machine= 187.5 A\n",
-        "terminal voltage= 481.3 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.18, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x1=Symbol('x1')\n",
-      "x2=Symbol('x2')\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "w1=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=119.0#V\n",
-      "w2=200.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=116.0#V\n",
-      "i=3500.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-119)(x1/100)] for generator 1\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-116)(x2/100)] for generator 2\n",
-      "#(250x1*1000/100)+(200x2*1000/100)=v*3500\n",
-      "#v=125-6x1/100\n",
-      "ans=solve([(250.0*x1*1000.0/100.0)+(200.0*(2.0*x1*1000.0)/300.0)-((125.0-((6.0*x1)/100.0))*3500.0)],[x1])\n",
-      "V=v-(6.0*ans[x1]/100.0)\n",
-      "ans2=solve([V-(v-((v-v2)*(x2/100.0)))],[x2])\n",
-      "ratio=ans[x1]/ans2[x2]\n",
-      "I=solve([ratio-((i1*w2)/(i2*w1)),i1+i2-i],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(I[i1],0),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(I[i2],0),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 2283.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 1217.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.19, Page Number:960"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "IA=Symbol('IA')\n",
-      "IB=Symbol('IB')\n",
-      "va1=240.0#V\n",
-      "va2=220.0#v\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "vb1=245.0#V\n",
-      "vb2=220.0#V\n",
-      "ib=150.0#A\n",
-      "i=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=solve([(va1-((va1-va2)*IA/ia))-(vb1-((vb1-vb2)*IB/ib)),IA+IB-i],[IA,IB])\n",
-      "vbus=va1-((va1-va2)*I[IA]/ia)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",round(I[IA],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",round(I[IB],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"V bus=\",round(vbus,2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 168.75 A\n",
-        "IB= 131.25 A\n",
-        "V bus= 223.13 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.20, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "n=5.0#number ofshunt generators\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "incr=0.04#increase in current\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=p/n\n",
-      "o=load*1000.0/v\n",
-      "a_drop=ra*o\n",
-      "emf=v+a_drop\n",
-      "incr=incr*emf\n",
-      "emf1=emf+incr\n",
-      "#emf1-ra*i1=V\n",
-      "#emf-ra*i2=V\n",
-      "I=solve([emf1-emf-ra*(i1-i2),i1+4.1*i2-510],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=I[i1]+4.0*I[i2]#V=i1+4*i2\n",
-      "o1=V*I[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=V*I[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power output of first machine=\",round(o1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output of second machine=\",round(o2,2),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage=\",round(V),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power output of first machine= 133.0 kW\n",
-        "Power output of second machine= 30.24 kW\n",
-        "Terminal voltage= 504.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.21, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "i=1500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "emf1=400.0#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "emf2=440.0#V\n",
-      "rs1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs2=80.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#i2=1500-i1\n",
-      "#ish1=v/100, ish2=v/80\n",
-      "#ia1=i1+v/100, ia2=i2+v/80\n",
-      "ans=solve([(0.5/0.04)-((emf1-1.005*V)/(1.0005*V-380))],[V])\n",
-      "i1=(emf1-1.005*ans[V])/0.5\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "o1=ans[V]*i1/1000\n",
-      "o2=ans[V]*i2/1000\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage=\",round(ans[V],2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 33.86 A\n",
-        "I2= 1466.14 A\n",
-        "Terminal Voltage= 381.16 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.22, Page Number:962"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v1=250#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "rf1=100#ohm\n",
-      "v2=248#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "rf2=100#ohm\n",
-      "i=40#A\n",
-      "ir=0.172#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([V+((I+V/rf1)*ra1)-v1,V+((I+V/rf2)*ra2)-v2],[I,V])\n",
-      "ib=i-2*ans[I]\n",
-      "vd=ib*ir\n",
-      "eb=ans[V]+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf of battery=\",round(eb),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of battery= 248.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.23, Page Number:963"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=400#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "vb=410#V\n",
-      "rb=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "V=390#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loada=(va-V)/ra\n",
-      "loadb=(vb-V)/rb\n",
-      "pa=loada*V\n",
-      "pb=loadb*V\n",
-      "net_v=vb-va\n",
-      "total_r=ra+rb\n",
-      "i=net_v/total_r\n",
-      "terminal_v=va+(i*ra)\n",
-      "power_AtoB=terminal_v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",terminal_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power=\",power_AtoB,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 15.3846153846 A\n",
-        "Voltage= 403.846153846 V\n",
-        "Power= 6213.01775148 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.24, Page Number:964"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "i=500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "ra2=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "sw1=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "sw2=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "e1=240.0#V\n",
-      "e2=244.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "V=solve([(((e1-v)/ra1)+((e2-v)/ra2)-i)],[v])\n",
-      "i1=(e1-V[v])/ra1\n",
-      "i2=(e2-V[v])/ra2\n",
-      "#ratio of series winding (1/0.004):(1/0.0006) or 3:2\n",
-      "is1=i*3/5\n",
-      "is2=i*2/5\n",
-      "vbus=V[v]-(is1*sw1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current in series winding:\"\n",
-      "print \"generator A=\",round(is1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"generator B=\",round(is2),\"B\"\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",round(vbus,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 200.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 300.0 A\n",
-        "Current in series winding:\n",
-        "generator A= 300.0 A\n",
-        "generator B= 200.0 B\n",
-        "Bus bar voltage= 236.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_UAITY0U.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_UAITY0U.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99cfc3c1..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_UAITY0U.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1258 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:add10f49c90b647cf79b01d40fd4e1ca71068a8e9a13aad0c70f06cfeaabeda4"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 35: Computations and Circle Diagrams"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.1, Page Number:1316"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "p=450#W\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "loss=135#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*r\n",
-      "core_loss=p-loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "volt=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "g=core_loss/(3*(v/math.sqrt(3))**2)\n",
-      "y=i*math.sqrt(3)/v\n",
-      "b=math.sqrt(y**2-g**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"exciting conductance=\",g,\"seimens/phase\"\n",
-      "print \"susceptance/phase=\",b,\"seimens/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "exciting conductance= 0.0247933884298 seimens/phase\n",
-        "susceptance/phase= 0.155494939853 seimens/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.2, Page Number:1317"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110.0#V\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "v2=30.0#V\n",
-      "inpt=440.0#W\n",
-      "loss=40.0#W\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=vs/i\n",
-      "losses=inpt-loss\n",
-      "r01=losses/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "dc_r=r/2.0\n",
-      "ac_r=dc_r*ratio\n",
-      "effective_r=r01-ac_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r1=\",ac_r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",effective_r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "x01= 0.659157711696 ohm\n",
-        "r1= 0.08 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.133333333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.10, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=1/4.0\n",
-      "slip=3.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=math.sqrt(ratio/((ratio2**2)*0.01*slip))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Percentage Tapping=\",K*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Percentage Tapping= 72.1687836487 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.11, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "n=950#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=v1/math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "If=6*v*i/v1\n",
-      "K=v/v1\n",
-      "kisc=K**2*6*i\n",
-      "ts_tf=(1/6.0)*6**2*(f/1000.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)current=\",If,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)line current=\",kisc,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)percentage=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)voltage= 298.142397 V\n",
-        "b)current= 134.16407865 A\n",
-        "c)line current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "d)percentage= 30.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.12, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=5.0\n",
-      "per=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(ratio/3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(3.0/5)*5**2*0.01*per*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",tst_tf,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 75.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.13, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "per=3.5\n",
-      "v2=92.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(2/(v/v2))\n",
-      "ts_tf=k**2*(v/v2)**2*0.01*per\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 30.4347826087 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.14, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=12.0#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i=45.0#A\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "if_=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*pf*v)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/if_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 2.244\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.15, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=60.0#A\n",
-      "n1=940.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=150.0#N-m\n",
-      "i2=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=(1000-n1)/1000\n",
-      "tst=t*(i2/i)**2*sf\n",
-      "s_i=i2/3\n",
-      "sd_tst=tst/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print\"when star/delta is used:\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",s_i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",sd_tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Starting torque= 225.0 N-m\n",
-        "when star/delta is used:\n",
-        "starting current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 75.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.16, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "tapping=70.7\n",
-      "ratio=6.0\n",
-      "slip=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tst_tf=(1.0/3.0)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "tst_tf2=(1.0/2)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star-delta switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformer switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "star-delta switch:starting torque= 48.0 %\n",
-        "auto-transformer switch:starting torque= 72.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.17, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11.2#W\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=960.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=86.4#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*pf*math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "iph=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(ist*math.sqrt(3)/il)**2*0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting torque= 26.6369577796 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.18, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "iscp=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=iscp/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 1.23388000387\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.19, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.73*1000#W\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=4.5\n",
-      "t=250.0\n",
-      "i=650.0\n",
-      "tap=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=i/3\n",
-      "im=i/3\n",
-      "tst=t/3\n",
-      "ilm=(tap/100)**2*i\n",
-      "imk=(tap/100)*i\n",
-      "tstk=(tap/100)**2*t\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star/delta:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",im,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"60% taps:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ilm,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",imk,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tstk,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " star/delta:\n",
-        "line current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "motor current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 83.3333333333 %\n",
-        "60% taps:\n",
-        "line current= 234.0 %\n",
-        "motor current= 390.0 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.20, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=180.0\n",
-      "flt=35.0\n",
-      "tap=75.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=load*3.0/100\n",
-      "isck=tap**2*isc/100\n",
-      "sf=flt*3\n",
-      "tst_tf=tap**2*sf/100\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",isck,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf/100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 303.75 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 59.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.21, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=7.46#kW\n",
-      "ic=1.7\n",
-      "t=35.0\n",
-      "ratio=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=t*3/100\n",
-      "il1=ic*3\n",
-      "tst=(ratio/1000)**2*sf*10000\n",
-      "il2=(ratio/100)*3*ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"auto-starter:\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current=\",il1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage decreased to 60%\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current\",il2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-starter:\n",
-        "line-current= 5.1 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n",
-        "voltage decreased to 60%\n",
-        "line-current 3.06 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.22, Page Number:1342"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slip=2.0\n",
-      "r=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=6.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "smax=r2=slip/100.0\n",
-      "R1=r2/smax\n",
-      "K=math.pow(smax,1.0/5)\n",
-      "R2=K*R1\n",
-      "R3=K*R2\n",
-      "R4=K*R3\n",
-      "R5=K*R4\n",
-      "p1=R1-R2\n",
-      "p2=R2-R3\n",
-      "p3=R3-R4\n",
-      "p4=R4-R5\n",
-      "p5=R5-r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistances of various starter sections:\"\n",
-      "print \"p1=\",p1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p2=\",p2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p3=\",p3,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p4=\",p4,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p5=\",p5,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistances of various starter sections:\n",
-        "p1= 0.542694948073 ohm\n",
-        "p2= 0.248177141409 ohm\n",
-        "p3= 0.113492660539 ohm\n",
-        "p4= 0.0519007670213 ohm\n",
-        "p5= 0.0237344829577 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.23, Page Number:1345"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "primary=complex(1,3)\n",
-      "outer=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.6,5)\n",
-      "s=4\n",
-      "outer2=complex(3/(s*0.01),1)\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.6/(s*0.01),5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer)+(1/inner))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=4\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer2)+(1/inner2))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=4: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1: torque= 35065.3642462 synch watt\n",
-        "s=4: torque= 32129.9449695 synch watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.24, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.4,2)\n",
-      "outer=complex(2,0.4)\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.4/(s*0.01),2)\n",
-      "outer2=complex(2/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer)\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner.imag/outer.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zo/zi)**2\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=1:\",to_ti\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=5\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner2)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer2)\n",
-      "print zi\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner2.imag/outer2.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zi/zo)**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=5:\",to_ti"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=1: 5.0\n",
-        "8.24621125124\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=5: 0.212478752125\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.25, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05,0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5,0.1)\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.01\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5/(s*0.01),0.1)\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=5:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 22307.6923077 synch watts\n",
-        "s=5:torque= 9620.58966517 synch watts\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.26, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=Symbol('s')\n",
-      "z2=complex(2,1.2)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0.5,3.5)\n",
-      "#Z1=((2/s)^2+1.2^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#Z2=((0.5/s)^2+3.5^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#T1=T2\n",
-      "ans=solve([(((2**2)/(s**2))+1.2**2)-((((0.5**2)/(s**2))+3.5**2)*4)],[s])\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",round(ans[1][0]*100,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 25.1 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.27, Page Number:1347"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zo=complex(1,0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.15,3)\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "stator=complex(0.25,3.5)\n",
-      "z01=z2+stator\n",
-      "i=complex(v,0)/z01\n",
-      "i=abs(i)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z01.real\n",
-      "T=cu_loss*3/(2*math.pi*(n/60))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",T,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 135.560320318 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.28, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z1=complex(1,2.8)\n",
-      "zo=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5,5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.04\n",
-      "zo=complex(3.0/s,1.0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5/s,5.0)\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=4:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 12388.3258184 synch. watt\n",
-        "s=4:torque= 11489.1141244 synch. watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.29, Page Number:1351"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1440.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1320.0#rpm\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/4.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n1)/ns\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.6 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.30, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "s1=s\n",
-      "n1=ns*(1-s1)\n",
-      "n2=n1-10*n1/100\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.646666666667 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.31, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/6\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f_=sa*f\n",
-      "n_=(120*f_)/4\n",
-      "sb=(n_-n)/n_\n",
-      "f__=sb*f_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resu;t\n",
-      "print \"f_=\",f_,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"f_ _=\",f__,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "f_= 20.6 Hz\n",
-        "f_ _= 1.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.32, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f2=1.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "s=f2/f\n",
-      "n=nsc-s*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/4\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f1=sa*f\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "sb=(n2-n)/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 60.8 %\n",
-        "sb= 3.28947368421 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.33, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=74.6#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 29.84 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 79
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.34, Page Number:1355"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 10 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_UoR7uWv.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_UoR7uWv.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index aebdac51..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_UoR7uWv.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:7d0991402755fd2e3c1083bccec70e0a43143da000e9a99e70877269e1fdc43a"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 31: Testing of DC Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.1, Page Number:1092"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l=38.1#kg\n",
-      "d=63.53*0.01#cm\n",
-      "v=12#rps\n",
-      "i=49#A\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=d/2\n",
-      "torque=l*r*9.81\n",
-      "power=torque*2*3.14*v\n",
-      "motor_input=i*V\n",
-      "efficiency=power*100/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output power=\",round(power),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(efficiency),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output power= 8947.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 83.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(a), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "spring_b1=10.0#kg\n",
-      "spring_b2=35.0#kg\n",
-      "d=40*0.01#m\n",
-      "v=950.0#rpm\n",
-      "V=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=30.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "F=(spring_b2-spring_b1)*9.81\n",
-      "N=v/60\n",
-      "R=d/2\n",
-      "tsh=F*R\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*N\n",
-      "output=tsh*omega\n",
-      "motor_input=V*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 4877.205 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.28675 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(b), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "t1=2.9#kg\n",
-      "t2=0.17#kg\n",
-      "r=7*0.01#m\n",
-      "i=2.0#A\n",
-      "V=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "force=(t1-t2)*9.81\n",
-      "torque=force*r\n",
-      "output=torque*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(V*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",torque,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1.874691 N-m\n",
-        "output 294.326487 W\n",
-        "efficiency 63.984018913 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.3, Page Number:1095"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_noload=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=i-ish\n",
-      "culoss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_noload-culoss\n",
-      "ia=32-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(output/input_)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 70.1754545455 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.4, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/r\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "Ia=I-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=Ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_lossa\n",
-      "input_nl1=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_nl1-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_nl\n",
-      "Eb1=V-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=V-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "change=math.fabs((Eb1-Eb2)/Eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*10,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",change*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 16852.5 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 84.2625 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= 5.64617314931 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.5, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=44.76#kW\n",
-      "i=13.25#A\n",
-      "ish=2.55#A\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p_nl=v*i\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "bd_loss=2*ia\n",
-      "variable_loss=bd_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "w=p_nl-variable_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-p*1000-w-2*I-ra*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v\n",
-      "e=p*1000/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Full load current=\",round(il),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Full load efficiency=\",round(e*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Full load current= 226.0 A\n",
-        "Full load efficiency= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.6, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "o=17.158#kW\n",
-      "inpt=20.2#KW\n",
-      "rf=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "o2=7.46#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loss1=inpt*1000.0-o*1000.0\n",
-      "ic=inpt*1000.0/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=ic-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "const_loss=loss1-cu_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-o2*1000.0-(ra*I**2)-const_loss],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v/1000.0\n",
-      "e=o2*1000*100/(pin*1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(il),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 74.1 %\n",
-        "power input= 50.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.7, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92#kW\n",
-      "ia=6.5#A\n",
-      "ish=2.2#A\n",
-      "i=70.0#A\n",
-      "pd=3.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ic_nl=ia+ish\n",
-      "pi=v*ic_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*pd/i\n",
-      "const_loss=pi-cu_lossa\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*I+cu_loss-p*1000-const_loss-(pd/i)*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "ic=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=v*ic\n",
-      "e=p*1000*100/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.8, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=200*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i1=36.0#A\n",
-      "I1=12.0#A\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "pd=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=400.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ia=i1-I1\n",
-      "ra=pd/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_nl=v*i1\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "output_i=p/v\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/(p+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "output_i=p/(2*v)\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/((p/2+total_loss)*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at half load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at full load= 91.3736344667 %\n",
-        "efficiency at half load= 89.6559292335 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.9, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92*1000#W\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpn\n",
-      "rsh=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=78.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_=0.8*p/e\n",
-      "total_loss=input_-0.8*p\n",
-      "input_i=input_/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "ra=total_loss/(2*(ia**2))\n",
-      "Ia=i-ish\n",
-      "total_loss2=Ia**2*ra+total_loss/2\n",
-      "input__=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=(input__-total_loss2)*100/input__\n",
-      "Eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=v-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "n2=(n*Eb2)/Eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"r.p.m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 86.9450046554 %\n",
-        "speed= 678.443304738 r.p.m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.10(a), Page Number:1101"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#W\n",
-      "i2=90.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=p/v\n",
-      "efficiency=math.sqrt(i1/(i1+i2))*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.11, Page Number:1102"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "motor_i=100#A\n",
-      "shunt_i1=3#A\n",
-      "shunt_i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "cu_loss=500#W\n",
-      "cu_lossa=361#W\n",
-      "ia=85#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "mech_core_stray_loss=0.5*((v*i)-(motor_i**2*ra)-(ia**2*ra))\n",
-      "cu_motor=v*shunt_i1\n",
-      "generator_motor=v*shunt_i2\n",
-      "total_loss=mech_core_stray_loss+cu_motor+generator_motor\n",
-      "input_=v*i+cu_motor\n",
-      "output=v*ia*10**(-3)\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss*10**(-3)+1.07+0.36\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eficiency= 89.8045430534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.12, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "i=48#A\n",
-      "i1=3#a\n",
-      "i2=3.5#A\n",
-      "motor_i=230#A\n",
-      "ra=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "cu_loss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=motor_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i1\n",
-      "total_cu_lossm=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "arm_i=233-i+i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=arm_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=arm_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i2\n",
-      "total_cu_lossg=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#set\n",
-      "totalcu_loss=total_cu_lossm+total_cu_lossg\n",
-      "total_input=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_input-totalcu_loss\n",
-      "strayloss_per=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor efficiency\n",
-      "input_=233*v\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossm+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",e,\"%\"\n",
-      "#generator efficiency\n",
-      "input_=110*185\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossg+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "100\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.4590884705 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 88.5893642506 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.13, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable series\n",
-      "v=500.0#A\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#w\n",
-      "auxiliary_i=30.0#A\n",
-      "output_i=200.0#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "i2=1.8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.075#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=2.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_arm=output_i+auxiliary_i\n",
-      "motorarm_culoss=(motor_arm**2*ra)+(motor_arm*2)\n",
-      "motorfield_culoss=v*i2\n",
-      "generatorarm_culoss=(output_i**2*ra)+(output_i*2)\n",
-      "generatoefield_culoss=v*i1\n",
-      "total_culoss=motorarm_culoss+motorfield_culoss+generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss\n",
-      "power=v*auxiliary_i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-total_culoss\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "total_loss=generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss+permachine\n",
-      "output=v*output_i\n",
-      "e=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 93.1001175389 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.14, Page Number:1104"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "motor_i=400.0#A\n",
-      "i1=6.0#A\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(motor_i-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*motor_i)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(motor_i-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 92.3148148148 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 91.4642857143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 77
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.15, Page Number:1105"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ia=380.0#A\n",
-      "i1=5.0#A\n",
-      "i2=4.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(ia-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*ia)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.7038001041 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 95.2121212121 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.16, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "v2=190.0#V\n",
-      "t=30#sec\n",
-      "t2=20#sec\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "avg_i=i/2\n",
-      "power=avg_v*avg_i\n",
-      "W=power*(t2/(t-t2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Stray loss=\",W,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Stray loss= 4100.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 85
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.17, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "n1=1525.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1475.0#ohm\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "p=1000.0#W\n",
-      "t2=20.0#sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "N=(n1+n2)/2\n",
-      "w=p*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(w*dt)/((2*3.14/60)**2*N*dN)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Moment of Inertia=\",I,\"kg-m2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Moment of Inertia= 121.708791432 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.18, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "v2=225.0#V\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "t2=6.0#ohm\n",
-      "iavg=10.0#A\n",
-      "i2=25.0#A\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "w_=avg_v*iavg\n",
-      "W=w_*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "ish=v3/r\n",
-      "ia=i2-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_shunt=v3*ia\n",
-      "total_loss=W+cu_loss+v3\n",
-      "e=((v*i2)-total_loss)/(v*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "734.210526316\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.7564912281 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.19, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n1=1030#rpm\n",
-      "n2=970#rpm\n",
-      "t1=36#sec\n",
-      "t2=15#sec\n",
-      "t3=9#sec\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "v=219#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "W=v*i*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(W*t2)/((2*3.14/60)**2*n*dN)\n",
-      "Wm=W*t2/t1\n",
-      "iron_loss=W-Wm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)moment of inertia=\",I,\"kg.m2\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)mechanical losses=\",Wm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)moment of inertia= 74.9650087225 kg.m2\n",
-        "ii)iron loss= 1916.25 W\n",
-        "iii)mechanical losses= 1368.75 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.20, Page Number:1110"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "iam=56.0#A\n",
-      "vam=590.0#V\n",
-      "vdm=40.0#V\n",
-      "iag=44.0#A\n",
-      "vag=400.0#V\n",
-      "vdg=40.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_total=(vdm+vam)*iam\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "total_loss=input_total-output\n",
-      "rse=vdg/iam\n",
-      "cu_loss=((r+2*rse)*iam**2)+(iag**2*r)\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "permachine=strayloss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "inputm=vam*iam\n",
-      "culossm=(r+rse)*iam**2\n",
-      "totallossm=culossm+permachine\n",
-      "output=inputm-totallossm\n",
-      "em=output*100/inputm\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "inputg=vag*iag\n",
-      "culossg=(r)*iag**2\n",
-      "totalloss=culossg+permachine+(vdm*iam)\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "eg=output*100/(output+totalloss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",em,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",eg,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "motor efficiency= 72.6997578692 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 67.0220868241 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_VEDuU8Y.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_VEDuU8Y.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95eb9b1e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_VEDuU8Y.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,391 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:cd727f10a4caede23f6dcd22be7261834b049d15aeb309766271ec0c03a024c2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 36: Single-Phase Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.1, Page Number:1374"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=60\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "xo=xm+x2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zf=(((r2/s)*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jf=(((r2/s)*(r2/s)+(x2*xo))/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jf=math.degrees(math.atan(jf/zf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zb=(((r2/(2-s))*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jb=(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s))+(x2*xo))/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jb=math.degrees(math.atan(jb/zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zb\n",
-      "j01=jf+jb+J1\n",
-      "J01=math.degrees(math.atan(j01/z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zb\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "output=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output = \",output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output =  206.798750547\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.2, Page Number:1375"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=185\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "Xo=53.5\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "cl=3.5#core loss\n",
-      "fl=13.5#friction loss\n",
-      "vf=(82.5/100)*v\n",
-      "ic=(cl*100)/vf\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "rc=vf/ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 1\n",
-      "c=1/rc #conductance of corebranch\n",
-      "s=-(1/xm)#susceptance\n",
-      "a1=(r2/s)/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance\n",
-      "a1j=-x2/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance j\n",
-      "yf=c+a1\n",
-      "yfj=s+a1j\n",
-      "zf=(yf*yf)+(yfj*yfj)\n",
-      "zfr=yf/zf\n",
-      "zfj=yfj/zf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 2\n",
-      "a2=(r2/2-s)/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "a2j=-x2/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "yb=yf+a2\n",
-      "ybj=yfj+a2j\n",
-      "zb1=(yb*yb)+(ybj*ybj)\n",
-      "zbr=yb/zb1\n",
-      "zbj=ybj/zb1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zbr\n",
-      "z01j=J1+zfj+zbj\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zbr\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "watt=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "net_output=watt-fl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net output = \",net_output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net output =  -446.423232085\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.3, Page Number:1376"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=250\n",
-      "v=230\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "zm=4.5\n",
-      "zmj=3.7\n",
-      "za=9.5\n",
-      "zaj=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zma=math.degrees(math.atan(zmj/zm))\n",
-      "ialeadv=90-zma\n",
-      "x=za*(math.tan(math.radians(ialeadv)))\n",
-      "xc=x+zaj\n",
-      "c=1000000/(xc*2*50*3.14)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"C= \",c,\" uf\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C=  211.551875951  uf\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.4, Page Number:1393"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p=250\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "ra=20\n",
-      "la=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "#ac\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*la\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "nac=(ebac*ndc)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "pmech=ebac*ia\n",
-      "T=(pmech*9.55)/nac\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque= \",T,\" N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1606.22922133  rpm\n",
-        "Torque=  0.955  N-m\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.821013282424  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.5, Page Number:1394"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=30\n",
-      "l=0.5\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "idc=0.8\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "ia=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-      "ra=r\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(r*idc)\n",
-      "nac=(ndc*ebac)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1700.52062383  rpm\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.864635321971  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.6, Page Number:1396"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "w=8\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "v2=205\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "ns=(120*f)/pole\n",
-      "tsh=(9.55*w*1000)/ns\n",
-      "alpha=0.5*(math.degrees(math.asin((v*v*math.sin(math.radians(2*a)))/(v2*v2))))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V = \",alpha,\" degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V =  42.9327261097  degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_WUGl4w9.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_WUGl4w9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6653720b..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_WUGl4w9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2354 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:102ba4bcb83ebd9f77c7c3f970c6e3d48b2bd31161c690d1b5c67b800706b1d0"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 29: D.C. Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.1, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#as generator \n",
-      "eg=v+i*r\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "eb=v-i*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"as generator:eg=\",eg,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"as motor:eb=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "as generator:eg= 230.0 V\n",
-        "as motor:eb= 210.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.2, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=Symbol('ia')\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "brush_drop=2#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n2=700#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=v/i\n",
-      "eg1=v+i*r+brush_drop\n",
-      "eg2=eg1*n2/n\n",
-      "ia=solve(eg2-2-ia*r-2.5*ia,ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to the load=\",ia[0],\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to the load= 69.7692307692308 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.3, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200#ohm\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "im=output*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=im-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "back emf= 425.642780749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.4, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#as generator\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "As generator: power= 26.12424 kW\n",
-        "As generator: power= 23.92376 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.5, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=32\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "ra=2.0#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=i+v/rf\n",
-      "eg=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eg*a*60/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "ia=i2-v/rf\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi,\"wb\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the machine=\",math.ceil(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 0.42375 wb\n",
-        "speed of the machine= 850.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.6, Page Number:1002"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=110#A\n",
-      "v=480#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "z=864\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 636.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 755.568 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.7, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=782\n",
-      "ra=rf=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 705.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 248.676 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.8, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=eb*ia\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"machanical power=\",pm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 79.5833333333 N-m\n",
-        "machanical power= 12500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.9, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=800\n",
-      "load=8.2#kW\n",
-      "ia=45#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "a=p/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=load*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 286.2 N-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 270.618131415 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.10, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=2*i\n",
-      "fb1=v-(i*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia2*ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/fb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when torque is doubled=\",n2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when torque is doubled= 476.19047619 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.11, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "ra=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2#v\n",
-      "i=1.8#A\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/v\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "il=ratio*il\n",
-      "ia=il-i\n",
-      "r=solve(ia*(r+ra)+vd-v,r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load shaft torque\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"total resistance=\",r[0],\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load line current= 124.333333333 A\n",
-        "full-load shaft torque 356.215 N-m\n",
-        "total resistance= 3.82420021762787 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.12, Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "output=5.595#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "phi=30*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",tsh*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 804.481481481 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed= 66.4182473183 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(a), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=20.0#kW\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "phi=0.04#Wb\n",
-      "z=160\n",
-      "il=95.0#A\n",
-      "inl=9.0#A\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ea0=v-(inl-i)*ra\n",
-      "n0=ea0*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "#load\n",
-      "ea=v-(il-i)*ra\n",
-      "n=ea*n0/ea0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load speed=\",n0,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"load speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load speed= 1030.5 rpm\n",
-        "load speed= 1014.375 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(b), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "i=400#A\n",
-      "n=350#rpm\n",
-      "phi=80*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "z=600*2\n",
-      "loss=0.03#percentage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=phi*z*n*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "pa=e*i\n",
-      "t=pa/(2*3.14*n/60)\n",
-      "t_net=0.97*t\n",
-      "bhp=t_net*36.67*0.001/0.746\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"brake-horse-power\",bhp,\"HP\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "brake-horse-power 291.551578696 HP\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(c), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=774\n",
-      "phi=24*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "t=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 295.3584 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(d), Page Number:1005"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ih=v/rf\n",
-      "pi=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=cu_loss=v*ih\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(il+ih)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_a+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 87.8312542029 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(e), Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delcration\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "loss=0.5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+loss*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output of the motor=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output of the motor= 7.82 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.14, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=400.0#N\n",
-      "d=10.0#cm\n",
-      "n=840#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1800#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=.80\n",
-      "d2=24.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "tsh=f*d*0.01/2\n",
-      "output=tsh*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "input_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "d1=n*d2/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the motor=\",round(i),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"size of motor pulley=\",d1,\"cm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the motor= 10.0 A\n",
-        "size of motor pulley= 11.2 cm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.15, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=280\n",
-      "ia=45.0#A\n",
-      "phi=18*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5+0.3#ohm\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "d=0.41\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*60*a/(phi*z*p*4)\n",
-      "inpt=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "f=tsh*2/d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pull at the rim of the pulley=\",f,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pull at the rim of the pulley= 628.016180845 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.16, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "output=11.19#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "i=1#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1#V\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output*1000/n\n",
-      "phi=eb*60*a*1000/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=ia*2\n",
-      "power=input_a-(cu_loss+brush_loss)\n",
-      "rotational_loss=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*(ia+i)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"total torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux/pole=\",phi,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",rotational_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "total torque= 112.2125 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 106.8645 N-m\n",
-        "flux/pole= 13.0555555556 mWb\n",
-        "rotational losses= 460.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.4215686275 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 106
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.17, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=30.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2_by_t1=i2**2/i**2\n",
-      "change=(1-t2_by_t1)*100#percentage\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in torque=\",change,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 679.127725857 rpm\n",
-        "percentage change in torque= 43.75 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.18, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "output=55.95#kW\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "I=252.8#kg-m2\n",
-      "ia1=1.4\n",
-      "ia2=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ia1+ia2)/2\n",
-      "n=n/60.0\n",
-      "tsh=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque_avg=(ia-1)*tsh\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque_avg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"approximate time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "approximate time to attain full speed= 46.4050282991 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.19, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "I=7.5#kg-m2\n",
-      "ratio=1.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=n/60\n",
-      "t=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque=(ratio-1)*t\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "time to attain full speed= 4.4055406613 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 138
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.20, Page Number:1009"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=944\n",
-      "phi=34.6*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ta=209.0#N-m\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=3.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=ta/(0.159*phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "ea=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=ea/(phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n*60,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 20.1219966813 A\n",
-        "speed= 403.798260345 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.21, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#v\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-ish)*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-(i2-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when loaded=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when loaded= 966.21078037 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.22, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=100#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=25#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.45\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor runs=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor runs= 1940.37940379 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.23, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115.0#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=2.5#A\n",
-      "n2=1120#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra*ia\n",
-      "x=n2*eb1/n1\n",
-      "ia2=solve((v-ra*ia2)-x,ia2)\n",
-      "ia=ia2[0]+(v/rf)\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",round(ia,1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(input_m,1),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 35.0 A\n",
-        "power input= 8050.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.24, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=100.0#kW\n",
-      "n1=300#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=10.0#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rf=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=power*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra+2*vd\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n1/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 278.796797778 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.25, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by whih armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia2=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n0=n*eb0/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n0/(eb0*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of machine=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of machine= 960.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.26, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ooutput=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb_inst=eb1*(1-ratio)\n",
-      "ia_inst=(v-eb_inst)/ra\n",
-      "t_inst=9.55*eb_inst*ia_inst/n\n",
-      "ia2=i/(1-ratio)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 93.75 A\n",
-        "speed= 1224.66216216 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 191
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.27, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#A\n",
-      "v2=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "input_m=8.0#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "il=input_m*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=il-ish\n",
-      "ra=v2/i2\n",
-      "eb0=v-ish*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss=ish**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=inpt-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_arm=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_arm\n",
-      "output=input_m*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_m*1000)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed on load=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "speed on load= 623.943661972 rpm\n",
-        "torque= 103.0636 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 197
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.28, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=11#kW\n",
-      "inl=5#A\n",
-      "n_nl=1150#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=v*inl\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=inl-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss_a+constant_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(load*1000)\n",
-      "eb_nl=v-(ia0*ra)\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=n_nl*eb/eb_nl\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque developed= 87.096 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.5361818182 %\n",
-        "the speed= 1031.57894737 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.29, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vb=3#V\n",
-      "rf=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ia=80.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when current is 100 A=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when current is 100 A= 473.949579832 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.30, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia1=i*math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*ia1)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor will run when developing half the torque=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when motor will run when developing half the torque= 1147.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.31, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25#A\n",
-      "v=450#V\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "phi=1.7*0.01*math.pow(ia,0.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=n*phi*z*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "iara=v-eb\n",
-      "ra=iara/ia\n",
-      "i=math.pow((phi*ia*math.sqrt(ia)/(phi*2)),2.0/3.0)\n",
-      "eb2=v/2-i*ra\n",
-      "phi2=1.7*0.01*math.pow(i,0.5)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*phi*n/(eb*phi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor will run=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor will run= 372.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 224
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.32, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def f(ia,t):\n",
-      "    n=(v*ia-ia**2*ra)*60/(2*3.14*t)\n",
-      "    return(n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "n1=f(20.0,128.8)\n",
-      "n2=f(30.0,230.5)\n",
-      "n3=f(40.0,349.8)\n",
-      "n4=f(50.0,469.2)\n",
-      "T=[128.8,230.5,349.8,469.2]\n",
-      "N=[n1,n2,n3,n4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(T,N)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Torque(NM.m)\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Speed(rpm)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,500))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,800))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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bJA3a2e9iVslBYf1eRDwdEUdHxNHAxcD30/tjImJLV/tJqvb//z8A3B3ZDLeQ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\nRK5CYII=\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dc6a50>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.33, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=5.968#kW\n",
-      "n=700#rpm\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "n2=600#rpm\n",
-      "ra=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "loss=450#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fp(i,v):\n",
-      "    p=5.968*((n2*(v1-i*ra)/(v*n))**2)\n",
-      "    return(p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fm(i,v):\n",
-      "    m=((v1-i*ra)*i-loss)/1000\n",
-      "    return(m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=fp(7.0,347.0)\n",
-      "p2=fp(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "p3=fp(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "p4=fp(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "m1=fm(7.0,347.8)\n",
-      "m2=fm(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "m3=fm(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "m4=fm(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "I=[7,10.5,14,27.5]\n",
-      "P=[p1,p2,p3,p4]\n",
-      "M=[m1,m2,m3,m4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,P)\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,M)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Current\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Power(kW)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,30))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,12))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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TpkHnzjBqFHToEHY1qWfjto3cPfVunpr1FDe2uZF+x/WjcoXKYZclaSLeYwBVgSuAfsAh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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dfd050>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.34, Page Number:1022"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "ia=3.5#A\n",
-      "ib=4.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "loss=v*i\n",
-      "#B unexcited\n",
-      "loss1=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "#B excited\n",
-      "loss2=v*(ib-i)\n",
-      "loss=loss2-loss1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"iron losses of B=\",loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "iron losses of B= 500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.35, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=5.0#A\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "i2=52.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=round(eb2*n/eb1,0)\n",
-      "input_nl=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss_l=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_l\n",
-      "input_l=v*i2\n",
-      "output=input_l-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.36, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.37, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.22#A\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia0=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia0*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "per=(eb-eb0)*100/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",round(per,2),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 90.8 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= -4.19 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 244
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.38, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ebh=v-ia1*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(ebh*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "ta1=9.55*eb1*ia1/n\n",
-      "ta2=9.55*eb2*ia2/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in first case=\",ta1,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in second case=\",ta2,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1010.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque in first case= 57.11664 N-m\n",
-        "torque in second case= 110.3912768 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 247
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.39, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "eb1=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb2=v-(i-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(i-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.44 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 254
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.40, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=120*8\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "loss=810#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_shunt=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_loss_shunt\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque= 70.288 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 60.2946209124 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.1936 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 256
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.41, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1150#rpm\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "z=620\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=74.8#A\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i2\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eb*a*60/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "power=eb*ia\n",
-      "loss_rot=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "per=total_loss*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi*1000,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",loss_rot,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"total losses expressed as a percentage of power=\",per,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 9.07321178121 mWb\n",
-        "torque developed= 128.575818783 N-m\n",
-        "rotational losses= 562.952 W\n",
-        "total losses expressed as a percentage of power= 13.2759823297 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 263
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.42, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ra*ia**2\n",
-      "loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output*1000+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i2=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "input_m1=v*i2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100000/input_m1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((input_m-cu_loss_a)/ra)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "output_a=input_a-(cu_loss+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"output power at which efficiency is maximum=\",output_a/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 79.5621535016683 %\n",
-        "output power at which efficiency is maximum= 10.2179357944 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 271
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.43, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n2_by_n1=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "ia2_by_ia1=phi1_by_phi2=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "v2_by_v1=n2_by_n1*phi1_by_phi2\n",
-      "reduction_v=(1-v2_by_v1)*100\n",
-      "reduction_i=(1-ia2_by_ia1)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage=\",reduction_v,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage fall in the motor current=\",reduction_i,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage= 75.0 %\n",
-        "percentage fall in the motor current= 50.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 272
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.44, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "loss=900#W\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f+loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output/1000,\"Kw\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency==\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "useful torque= 206.28 N-m\n",
-        "output= 7.938 Kw\n",
-        "efficiency== 79.38 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.45, Page Number:1027"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "i=4#A\n",
-      "n=660#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "rf=270#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_a=loss=v*ia\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia1[0]*ra)\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((cu_loss+input_a)/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the current input=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current at which efficiency is maximum=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the current input= 90.2860908863713 A\n",
-        "speed= 623.0 rpm\n",
-        "armature current at which efficiency is maximum= 78.3156008298 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 280
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_X9UCvRs.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_X9UCvRs.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f35c124e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_X9UCvRs.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1233 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:fc88e8a107629d62ff7c77f84f67a9d9da67e1160053ed6d930ef88cb4cc11d6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 27: Armature Reaction and Commutation"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.1, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=722\n",
-      "ia=100.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=8.0#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 802.222222222\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 3710.27777778\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.2, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=1280\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "commuter=160\n",
-      "advanced_segments=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/8\n",
-      "theta_m=advanced_segments*360/commuter\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 800.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1200.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(a), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=880\n",
-      "ia=120.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=3.0#degrees\n",
-      "n=1100#tturns/pole\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "iadditional=(atd_perpole/n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"b)cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"c)additional field current=\",iadditional,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)armature demagnetization= 440.0 AT\n",
-        "b)cross-magnetization= 6160.0 AT\n",
-        "c)additional field current= 0.4 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(b), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=480\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0*2#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/4\n",
-      "total=(z*i)/(2*p)\n",
-      "atd_perpole=total*(2*theta_m/180)\n",
-      "atc_perpole=total*(1-(2*theta_m/180))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 500.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1750.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.4, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=492\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0\n",
-      "ia=143.0+10.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=ia/2#wave wound\n",
-      "i2=ia/4#lap wound\n",
-      "atd_perpole1=z*i1*theta_m/360#wave wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt1=atd_perpole1/theta_m\n",
-      "atd_perpole2=z*i2*(theta_m/360.0)#lap wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt2=atd_perpole2/theta_m\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"wave wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole1,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt1)\n",
-      "print \"lap wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole2,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "wave wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 1045.5 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 104\n",
-        "lap wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 522.75 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 52\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.5, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "p=50*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "z=400\n",
-      "commuter=4\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "segments=z/a\n",
-      "theta=pole*360.0/segments\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360)\n",
-      "extra=atd/ish\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"demagnetisation=\",atd,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt turns/poles\",extra"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "demagnetisation= 820.0 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt turns/poles 164.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.6, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "theta=10.0#degrees\n",
-      "lambda_=1.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*p))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "atd=z*i*theta/360\n",
-      "extra=lambda_*atd/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)cross magnetization ampere-turns=\",atc\n",
-      "print \"ii)back ampere-turns\",atd\n",
-      "print \"iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns\",int(extra)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)cross magnetization ampere-turns= 2777.77777778\n",
-        "ii)back ampere-turns 1388.88888889\n",
-        "iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns 9\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.7, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=22.38#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "z=840\n",
-      "commutator=140\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ish=1.8#A\n",
-      "back=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=p*1000.0/efficiency\n",
-      "input_i=motor_input/v\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2.0\n",
-      "theta=back*360/commutator\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360.0)\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*pole))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole=\",atd\n",
-      "print \"distorting amp-turns/pole=\",atc"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole= 251.998140496\n",
-        "distorting amp-turns/pole= 2687.98016529\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.8, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ia=1000#A\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "z=860\n",
-      "per=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "at=per/p*z*(i/2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"AT/pole for compensation winding=\",at"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "AT/pole for compensation winding= 3010.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.9, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "segment=123\n",
-      "wb=3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=n/60.0*segment\n",
-      "commutation=wb/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commutation time=\",commutation*1000,\"millisecond\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commutation time= 1.82926829268 millisecond\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.10, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "d=30#cm\n",
-      "ia=150#A\n",
-      "wb=1.25#cm\n",
-      "L=0.07*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "v=3.14*d*(n/60)\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 19.782 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.11, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "segments=55\n",
-      "n=900\n",
-      "wb=1.74\n",
-      "L=153*math.pow(10,-6)#H\n",
-      "i=27#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=segments*n/60\n",
-      "Tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/Tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 3.91732758621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.12, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "z=64\n",
-      "wb=1.2\n",
-      "L=0.05#mH\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "L=L*0.001\n",
-      "v=n/60*z\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "#i.linear\n",
-      "E1=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "#ii.sinusoidal\n",
-      "E2=1.11*E1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Linear commutation,E=\",E1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Sinosoidal commutation,E=\",E2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Linear commutation,E= 5.0 V\n",
-        "Sinosoidal commutation,E= 5.55 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.13, Page Number:951"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "B=0.5#Wb/m2\n",
-      "Ig=4.0#mm\n",
-      "ia=500.0#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "arm_mmf=z*(ia/p)/(2*p)\n",
-      "compole=int(B*Ig*0.001/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)))\n",
-      "mag=0.1*compole\n",
-      "total_compole=int(compole+mag)\n",
-      "total_mmf=arm_mmf+total_compole\n",
-      "Ncp=total_mmf/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of turns on each commutating pole=\",int(Ncp)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of turns on each commutating pole= 11\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.14, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p1=100.0#kW\n",
-      "V1=250#V\n",
-      "p2=300.0#kW\n",
-      "V2=250#V\n",
-      "i1=200#A\n",
-      "i2=500#A\n",
-      "il=600#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "delI1=p1/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "delI2=p2/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load=\",delI1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load=\",delI2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load= 150.0 A\n",
-        "Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load= 450.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 92
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.15, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v_nl1=270#V\n",
-      "v_l=220#V\n",
-      "il1=35#A\n",
-      "v_nl2=280#V\n",
-      "il2=50#A\n",
-      "il=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v_nl1-v_l\n",
-      "vd_pa=vd1/il1#voltage drop per ampere\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd_pa2=(v_nl2-v_l)/il2\n",
-      "#270=(10/7)i1=280-1.2*i2\n",
-      "ans=solve([4.2*i2-5*i1-35,i1+i2-60],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v_nl2-vd_pa2*ans[i2]\n",
-      "o1=v*ans[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=v*ans[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output current of first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1)\n",
-      "print \"output current of second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1)\n",
-      "print \"output of first machine=\",round(o1,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second machine=\",round(o2,1),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output current of first machine= 23.6\n",
-        "output current of second machine= 36.4\n",
-        "output of first machine= 5.7 kW\n",
-        "output of second machine= 8.9 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.16, Page Number:958"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rf=20#ohm\n",
-      "i=4000#A\n",
-      "v1=210#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#V+(i1+v/20)*0.01=210\n",
-      "#V+(i2+v/20)*0.01=220\n",
-      "#solving the above two equations we have i1-i2=1000\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1-i2-1000,i1+i2-4000],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=solve([v1-(ans[i1]+v/20)*0.01-v],[v])\n",
-      "o1=V[v]*ans[i1]/1000\n",
-      "o2=V[v]*ans[i2]/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",V[v],\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"output of first generator=\",o1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second generator=\",o2,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Bus bar voltage= 184.907546226887 V\n",
-        "output of first generator= 462.268865567216 kW\n",
-        "output of second generator= 277.361319340330 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.17, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "i=250.0#A\n",
-      "v1=50.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=100.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.06\n",
-      "r2=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v*r1\n",
-      "il1=v1*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d1=vd1/il1\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd2=v*r2\n",
-      "il2=v2*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d2=vd2/il2\n",
-      "#3i1/10=i2/10\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1+i2-i,3*i1-i2],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v-(3*ans[i1]/10)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(v,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to first machine= 62.5 A\n",
-        "current delivered to second machine= 187.5 A\n",
-        "terminal voltage= 481.3 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.18, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x1=Symbol('x1')\n",
-      "x2=Symbol('x2')\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "w1=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=119.0#V\n",
-      "w2=200.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=116.0#V\n",
-      "i=3500.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-119)(x1/100)] for generator 1\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-116)(x2/100)] for generator 2\n",
-      "#(250x1*1000/100)+(200x2*1000/100)=v*3500\n",
-      "#v=125-6x1/100\n",
-      "ans=solve([(250.0*x1*1000.0/100.0)+(200.0*(2.0*x1*1000.0)/300.0)-((125.0-((6.0*x1)/100.0))*3500.0)],[x1])\n",
-      "V=v-(6.0*ans[x1]/100.0)\n",
-      "ans2=solve([V-(v-((v-v2)*(x2/100.0)))],[x2])\n",
-      "ratio=ans[x1]/ans2[x2]\n",
-      "I=solve([ratio-((i1*w2)/(i2*w1)),i1+i2-i],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(I[i1],0),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(I[i2],0),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 2283.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 1217.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.19, Page Number:960"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "IA=Symbol('IA')\n",
-      "IB=Symbol('IB')\n",
-      "va1=240.0#V\n",
-      "va2=220.0#v\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "vb1=245.0#V\n",
-      "vb2=220.0#V\n",
-      "ib=150.0#A\n",
-      "i=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=solve([(va1-((va1-va2)*IA/ia))-(vb1-((vb1-vb2)*IB/ib)),IA+IB-i],[IA,IB])\n",
-      "vbus=va1-((va1-va2)*I[IA]/ia)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",round(I[IA],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",round(I[IB],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"V bus=\",round(vbus,2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 168.75 A\n",
-        "IB= 131.25 A\n",
-        "V bus= 223.13 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.20, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "n=5.0#number ofshunt generators\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "incr=0.04#increase in current\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=p/n\n",
-      "o=load*1000.0/v\n",
-      "a_drop=ra*o\n",
-      "emf=v+a_drop\n",
-      "incr=incr*emf\n",
-      "emf1=emf+incr\n",
-      "#emf1-ra*i1=V\n",
-      "#emf-ra*i2=V\n",
-      "I=solve([emf1-emf-ra*(i1-i2),i1+4.1*i2-510],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=I[i1]+4.0*I[i2]#V=i1+4*i2\n",
-      "o1=V*I[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=V*I[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power output of first machine=\",round(o1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output of second machine=\",round(o2,2),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage=\",round(V),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power output of first machine= 133.0 kW\n",
-        "Power output of second machine= 30.24 kW\n",
-        "Terminal voltage= 504.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.21, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "i=1500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "emf1=400.0#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "emf2=440.0#V\n",
-      "rs1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs2=80.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#i2=1500-i1\n",
-      "#ish1=v/100, ish2=v/80\n",
-      "#ia1=i1+v/100, ia2=i2+v/80\n",
-      "ans=solve([(0.5/0.04)-((emf1-1.005*V)/(1.0005*V-380))],[V])\n",
-      "i1=(emf1-1.005*ans[V])/0.5\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "o1=ans[V]*i1/1000\n",
-      "o2=ans[V]*i2/1000\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage=\",round(ans[V],2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 33.86 A\n",
-        "I2= 1466.14 A\n",
-        "Terminal Voltage= 381.16 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.22, Page Number:962"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v1=250#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "rf1=100#ohm\n",
-      "v2=248#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "rf2=100#ohm\n",
-      "i=40#A\n",
-      "ir=0.172#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([V+((I+V/rf1)*ra1)-v1,V+((I+V/rf2)*ra2)-v2],[I,V])\n",
-      "ib=i-2*ans[I]\n",
-      "vd=ib*ir\n",
-      "eb=ans[V]+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf of battery=\",round(eb),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of battery= 248.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.23, Page Number:963"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=400#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "vb=410#V\n",
-      "rb=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "V=390#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loada=(va-V)/ra\n",
-      "loadb=(vb-V)/rb\n",
-      "pa=loada*V\n",
-      "pb=loadb*V\n",
-      "net_v=vb-va\n",
-      "total_r=ra+rb\n",
-      "i=net_v/total_r\n",
-      "terminal_v=va+(i*ra)\n",
-      "power_AtoB=terminal_v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",terminal_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power=\",power_AtoB,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 15.3846153846 A\n",
-        "Voltage= 403.846153846 V\n",
-        "Power= 6213.01775148 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.24, Page Number:964"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "i=500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "ra2=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "sw1=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "sw2=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "e1=240.0#V\n",
-      "e2=244.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "V=solve([(((e1-v)/ra1)+((e2-v)/ra2)-i)],[v])\n",
-      "i1=(e1-V[v])/ra1\n",
-      "i2=(e2-V[v])/ra2\n",
-      "#ratio of series winding (1/0.004):(1/0.0006) or 3:2\n",
-      "is1=i*3/5\n",
-      "is2=i*2/5\n",
-      "vbus=V[v]-(is1*sw1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current in series winding:\"\n",
-      "print \"generator A=\",round(is1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"generator B=\",round(is2),\"B\"\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",round(vbus,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 200.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 300.0 A\n",
-        "Current in series winding:\n",
-        "generator A= 300.0 A\n",
-        "generator B= 200.0 B\n",
-        "Bus bar voltage= 236.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_YS5Nd1j.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_YS5Nd1j.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7862658a..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_YS5Nd1j.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3137 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a9b903871f8bdf2f971bf001fa7cff3dbf47aad5e657d5bfcea016f9756d9ac"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 37: Alternators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.1, Page Number:1412"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s1=36.0\n",
-      "p1=4.0\n",
-      "span1=8.0\n",
-      "s2=72.0\n",
-      "p2=6.0\n",
-      "span2=10.0\n",
-      "s3=96.0\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "span3=12.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha1=2*p1*180/s1\n",
-      "alpha2=3*p2*180/s2\n",
-      "alpha3=5*p3*180/s3\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha1/2))\n",
-      "kc2=math.cos(math.radians(alpha2/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(alpha3/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)kc=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"b)kc=\",kc2\n",
-      "print \"c)kc=\",kc3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)kc= 0.939692620786\n",
-        "b)kc= 0.923879532511\n",
-        "c)kc= 0.881921264348\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.2, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=36.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/n\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"distribution factor=\",kd"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "distribution factor= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.3, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=10.0#V\n",
-      "beta=30.0#degrees\n",
-      "m=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "arith_sum=6*v\n",
-      "vector_sum=kd*arith_sum\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"emf of six coils in series=\",vector_sum,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of six coils in series= 38.6370330516 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.4, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "ratio=2.0/3.0\n",
-      "m1=9\n",
-      "m2=6\n",
-      "m3=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m1*math.radians(beta/2))/(m1*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(m2*math.radians(beta/2))/(m2*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(m3*math.radians(beta/2))/(m3*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i) kd=\",kd1\n",
-      "print \"ii)kd=\",kd2\n",
-      "print \"iii)kd=\",kd3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) kd= 0.639863387016\n",
-        "ii)kd= 0.831206922161\n",
-        "iii)kd= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.5, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slot=18.0\n",
-      "s=16.0\n",
-      "m1=3.0\n",
-      "m2=5.0\n",
-      "m3=7.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "span=(s-1)\n",
-      "alpha=180*3/slot\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(m1*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc5=math.cos(math.radians(m2*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc7=math.cos(math.radians(m3*alpha/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kc1=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"kc3=\",kc3\n",
-      "print \"kc5=\",kc5\n",
-      "print \"kc7=\",kc7"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kc1= 0.965925826289\n",
-        "kc3= 0.707106781187\n",
-        "kc5= 0.258819045103\n",
-        "kc7= -0.258819045103\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.6, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "s=144.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "phi=0.03#Wb\n",
-      "n=375.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "t=s*z/(3*2)\n",
-      "eph=4.44*1*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"phase emf=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 50.0 Hz\n",
-        "phase emf= 1534.464 V\n",
-        "line emf= 2657.76961039 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.7, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "s=54\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "t=8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(beta/2)\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=s*8/3\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "eph=4.44*0.98*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.*eph\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eph=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eph= 1804.529664 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.8, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "slots=144.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "n=375.0\n",
-      "airgap=5*0.01\n",
-      "theta=150.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "alpha=(180-theta)\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=slots/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "s=slots/3\n",
-      "eph=4*kf*kc*kd*f*airgap*s*4/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf per phase=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf per phase= 987.908016392 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.9, Page Number:1417"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "slots=180\n",
-      "s=15\n",
-      "d=1.2#m\n",
-      "l=0.4#m\n",
-      "m=6\n",
-      "beta=180/18\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "area=(1.2*3.14/p)*l\n",
-      "phi1=area*0.637\n",
-      "vr=1.1*2*f*phi1\n",
-      "vp=2**0.5*vr\n",
-      "v3=0.4*vp\n",
-      "v5=0.2*vp\n",
-      "vf=6*vp*0.966\n",
-      "vf3=6*v3*0.707\n",
-      "vf5=6*v5*0.259\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(math.radians(3*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(3*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(math.radians(5*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(5*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "vph=vf*2**0.5*60*kd1\n",
-      "vph3=vf3*2**0.5*60*kd2\n",
-      "vph5=vf5*2**0.5*60*kd3\n",
-      "rmsv=(vph**2+vph3**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "rmsvl=3**0.5*(vph**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)e=\",vp,\"sin theta+\",v3,\"sin 3theta+\",v5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)e=\",vf,\"sin theta+\",vf3,\"sin 3theta+\",vf5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)rms value of phase voltage=\",rmsv,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)e= 14.9354392872 sin theta+ 5.97417571489 sin 3theta+ 2.98708785745 sin 5theta\n",
-        "ii)e= 86.5658061088 sin theta+ 25.3424533826 sin 3theta+ 4.64193453047 sin 5theta\n",
-        "iii)rms value of phase voltage= 7158.83679423 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.10, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=60.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "s=3.0\n",
-      "theta=60.0\n",
-      "phi=0.943#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "m=slot/(p*s)\n",
-      "beta=slot/5\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "alpha=(s/15)*180\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "z=slot*z/s\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "eph=z*kf*kc*kd*f*phi*t/2\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph*0.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage= 13196.4478482 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.11, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=15.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "kd=0.95\n",
-      "e=1825#v\n",
-      "kc=1\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "slots=p*slot\n",
-      "slotsp=slots/3\n",
-      "turnp=20*z/2\n",
-      "phi=e/(3**0.5*p*kc*kf*kd*f*turnp)\n",
-      "z=slots*z\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "eg=(phi*0.001*z*n)/slots\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eg*1000,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 749.405577006 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.12, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=360#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=3.6#A\n",
-      "f2=40#Hz\n",
-      "i2=2.4#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=v*i2*f2/(f*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e2=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e2= 160.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.13, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=2\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "per=20#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=180-theta\n",
-      "slotp=6\n",
-      "m=2\n",
-      "beta=180/slotp\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=10*slot*z\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "e1=4.44*kd1*kd1*f*0.12*t\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(3*math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "f2=f*3\n",
-      "phi3=(1.0/3)*per*0.12\n",
-      "e3=4.44*kd3*kd3*theta*0.008*40\n",
-      "e=(e1**2+e3**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e=\",e,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e= 994.25286629 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.14, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "per2=6.0#%\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#star connection\n",
-      "e5=per*v/100\n",
-      "e=(v**2+e5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eph=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#delta\n",
-      "e3=10*v/100\n",
-      "f3=10*3\n",
-      "i=e3/f3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for star=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for delta=\",e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage for star= 400.358589267 V\n",
-        "line voltage for delta= 23.0 V\n",
-        "current= 0.766666666667 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(a), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10.0\n",
-      "p1=24.0\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "f1=p1*n/120\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "n3=(1-s)*n2\n",
-      "f2=s*f1p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f1,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 60.0 Hz\n",
-        "speed= 1140.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(b), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "slotsp=4\n",
-      "cp=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "slots=slotsp*3*p\n",
-      "c=cp*slots\n",
-      "turns=32\n",
-      "kb=math.sin(math.radians(60/2))/(p*math.sin(math.radians(7.5)))\n",
-      "kp=math.cos(math.radians(15))\n",
-      "eph=4.44*50*0.12*kb*0.966*turns\n",
-      "el=eph*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage 1365.94840977 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.16, Page Number:1426"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.66#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "iradrop=i*r\n",
-      "ixsdrop=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+i*r)**2+(vp*sinphi+i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"linevalue of emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "linevalue of emf= 11475.6408913 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(a), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=440.0#KVA\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "il=200.0#A\n",
-      "vf=1160.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zs=vf/200\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous impedence=\",zs,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous reactance=\",xs,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous impedence= 5.8 ohm\n",
-        "synchronous reactance= 5.77840808528 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(b), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.07#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*x\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e=((v+ira)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lag\n",
-      "e2=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf+ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lead\n",
-      "e3=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf-ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=1\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lag\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lead\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage with pf=1 225.174386048 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lag 234.604995966 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lead 208.03726621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.18(a), Page Number:1429"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "x=3.2#ohm\n",
-      "xl=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "rd=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*xl\n",
-      "ea=((v+rd)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*ea\n",
-      "e0=((v+rd)**2+(i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0l=e0*3**0.5\n",
-      "per=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "xa=x-xl\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"internal emf Ea=\",el,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"no load emf=\",e0l,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"valueof synchronous reactance=\",xa,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "internal emf Ea= 471.842539659 V\n",
-        "no load emf= 592.991130967 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 34.7707115833 %\n",
-        "valueof synchronous reactance= 2.7 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 87
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.19, Page Number:1432"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v/vt\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced voltage= 222.090276316 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.20, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.71\n",
-      "i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(pf2))\n",
-      "zs=v2/i\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e01=((v+r*i)**2+(i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8\n",
-      "e02=((v*pf+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.71\n",
-      "e03=((v*pf2+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi2+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg3=(e03-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation unity pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf=\",reg3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.6\n",
-        "voltage regulation unity pf= 6.88779163216 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -8.875640156 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf= 21.1141910671 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.21, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "i1=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=200.0#A\n",
-      "v2=1040.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "e01=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "e02=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= 2.20611574348 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -1.77945143824 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 112
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.22, Page Number:1434"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1600.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=13500.0#V\n",
-      "r=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=30.0#ohm\n",
-      "load1=1280.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load1*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi1-ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= -11.9909032489 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.23, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "thetadel=math.atan((vp*sinphi+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira))\n",
-      "delta=math.degrees(thetadel)-math.degrees(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",delta,\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 48.0405877623 %\n",
-        "power angle= 18.9704078085 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.24, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6000.0#KVA\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "p=2.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i2=125.0#A\n",
-      "v1=8000.0#V\n",
-      "i3=800.0#A\n",
-      "d=0.03\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v1/(3**0.5*i3)\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "rd=d*vp\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=rd\n",
-      "ra=ira/il\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-ra**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+il*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= 62.2972136768 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.25, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "i=600#A\n",
-      "v2=900#V\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i)\n",
-      "rp=r/2\n",
-      "re=rp*1.5\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-re**2)**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=il*rp\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp+ira)**2+(ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1\",reg1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8\",reg2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=1 7.32796146323 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 23.8398862235 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.26, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "load1=11#KV\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x=5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "vt=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=solve(((pf*v+ira)**2+(sinphi*v-ixs)**2)**0.5-e0,v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v[1],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 6978.31767618569 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.27, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1200#KVA\n",
-      "load1=3.3#KV\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=35#A\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=1.1#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v*1000/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "e=v+ia*zs\n",
-      "change=(e-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"per unit change=\",change"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "per unit change= 0.349909254054\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 151
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.28, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11#kV\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v2=12370#V\n",
-      "vt=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E0=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v2/3**0.5\n",
-      "pf=0\n",
-      "sinphi=1\n",
-      "xs=(v-(E0**2-(i*r)**2)**0.5)/i\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "e0=((E0*pf+ira)**2+(E0*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-E0)*100/E0\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 19.6180576177 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.29, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=3500#v\n",
-      "load=2280#KW\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "r=8#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vl=vt/3**0.5\n",
-      "vp=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1*pf)\n",
-      "drop=vl-vp\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x=vl/(z+drop/il)\n",
-      "vtp=vl-x*drop/il\n",
-      "vtpl=vtp*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",vtpl,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 3420.781893 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.30, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.5#MVA\n",
-      "v=4160#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "zs=4750/(3**0.5*il)\n",
-      "ra=0\n",
-      "ixs=il*zs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(regn,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 91.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.31, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=20#A\n",
-      "i_f=37.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "eo=7600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(i_f**2+i*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "reg=(eo-v)*100/v\n",
-      "i=100*i_f/i_f1\n",
-      "zs=100*100/i\n",
-      "Eo=math.sqrt((100+zs*0.6)**2+(zs*pf)**2)\n",
-      "reg2=(Eo-100)*100/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation:\"\n",
-      "print \"by ampere turn method=\",reg,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"by synchronous impedence method=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation:\n",
-        "by ampere turn method= 15 %\n",
-        "by synchronous impedence method= 38.7243469779 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.32, Page Number:1442"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "V=v/math.sqrt(3)+(i*r**pf)\n",
-      "reg=(1555-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "reg2=(1080-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 lagging:\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 leading:\",round(reg2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 lagging: 34.7 %\n",
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 leading: -6.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.33, Page Number:1443"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x_drop=0.1\n",
-      "r_drop=0.02\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "p=800000#VA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ir_drop=r_drop*vp\n",
-      "leakage=x_drop*vp\n",
-      "E=math.sqrt((vp*pf+ir_drop)**2+(vp*0.6+leakage)**2)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I=\",round(i),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I= 140.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.34, Page Number:1444"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=17#A\n",
-      "p=2000000.0#VA\n",
-      "i_f2=42.5#A\n",
-      "v=6000.0/math.sqrt(3)#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((v*pf)**2+(v*0.6+450)**2)\n",
-      "#corresponding i=26.5 A\n",
-      "#field amperes required for balancing armature reaction=14.5A\n",
-      "i_f=math.sqrt(26.5**2+14.5**2+2*26.5*14.4*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resulting field current=\",round(i_f,1),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resulting field current= 36.9 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.35, Page Number:1446"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((vp*pf+i*2)**2+(vp*0.6+p/1000)**2)\n",
-      "i1=math.sqrt(108**2+30**2+2*108*30*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "#corresponding emf=7700V\n",
-      "reg=(7700-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage regulation= 21.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.36, Page Number:1448"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "p=275000.0#W\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "stator_i=35.0#A\n",
-      "exciting_i=50.0#A\n",
-      "x=0.08\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x_drop=v*x/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ia=i*exciting_i/stator_i\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(vp**2+x_drop**2)\n",
-      "oc=59.8#field current corresponding tothe voltage\n",
-      "i_fl=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "ia2=exciting_i*i_fl/stator_i\n",
-      "ei=math.sqrt(ia2**2+oc**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Exciting current=\",round(ei),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Exciting current= 69.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.37, Page Number:1449"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=600000.0#VA\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "l_drop=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "amp_turns=1.06*i*200.0/8\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "x_drop=vp*l_drop/100\n",
-      "oa=1910.0#V\n",
-      "reg=(2242.0-oa)*100/oa\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 17.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.38, Page Number:1450"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=15000000#VA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=8400\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "xl=640/i\n",
-      "zs=(v1/math.sqrt(3))/i\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eo=7540\n",
-      "reg=(eo-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 18.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.39, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "xd=0.7\n",
-      "xq=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(math.radians(36.9)+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"no load voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 14.4702941001 degrees\n",
-        "no load voltage= 1.51511515874 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.40, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "xd=0.6\n",
-      "xq=0.45\n",
-      "ra=0.015\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tanpsi=(v*sinphi+ia*xq)/(v*pf+ia*ra)\n",
-      "psi=math.atan(tanpsi)\n",
-      "delta=psi-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(psi)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(psi)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+iq*ra+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"open circuit voltage=\",e0,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "open circuit voltage= 1.44767600311 V\n",
-        "regulation= 44.7676003107 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.41, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=10#A\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(20)\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+ia*xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(phi+delta)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(phi+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"id=\",i_d,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iq=\",iq,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 8.23131209115 degrees\n",
-        "id= 4.7303232581 A\n",
-        "iq= 8.81045071911 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 189
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.42, Page Number:1459"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e1=220#V\n",
-      "f1=60#Hz\n",
-      "e2=222#V\n",
-      "f2=59#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "emax=(e1+e2)/2\n",
-      "emin=(e2-e1)/2\n",
-      "f=(f1-f2)\n",
-      "epeak=emax/0.707\n",
-      "pulse=(f1-f2)*60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max voltage=\",emax,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"min voltage=\",emin,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"peak value of voltage=\",epeak,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"number of maximum light pulsations/minute=\",pulse"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max voltage= 221 V\n",
-        "min voltage= 1 V\n",
-        "frequency= 1 Hz\n",
-        "peak value of voltage= 312.588401697 V\n",
-        "number of maximum light pulsations/minute= 60\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.43, Page Number:1462"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=1500#kVA\n",
-      "v=6.6#kV\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=power*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "tanphialpha=(vp*math.sin(phi)+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira)\n",
-      "phialpha=math.atan(tanphialpha)\n",
-      "alpha=phialpha-phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power angle= 7.87684146241\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 198
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.44, Page Number:1464"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#KVA\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v=3300#v\n",
-      "x=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ixs=x*vp\n",
-      "xs=x*vp/i\n",
-      "alpha=1*p/2\n",
-      "psy=3*3.14*vp**2/(60*xs*n)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronizing power=\",psy,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tsy*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronizing power= 628.0 kW\n",
-        "torque= 5997.4 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.45, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v1=3.3#kV\n",
-      "r=0.25\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000000/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,r*vp)\n",
-      "xs=ixs/i\n",
-      "v=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(e0.imag/e0.real)-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p=6/2\n",
-      "psy=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(alpha)*math.sin(math.radians(3))/xs\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*3*psy*100/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",-psy*3/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"toque=\",-tsy/100,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 722.236196153j kW\n",
-        "toque= 6897.35567326j N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 221
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.46, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#KVA\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=1#%\n",
-      "x=15#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "vph=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=r*vph/1000\n",
-      "ra=ira/i\n",
-      "xs=x*vph/(100*i)\n",
-      "zs=(ra**2+xs**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "alpha=p/2\n",
-      "psy=math.radians(alpha)*vph**2/xs\n",
-      "#fl 0.8 pf\n",
-      "e=((vph*pf+i*ra)**2+(vph*math.sin(math.acos(pf)+i*xs))**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy2=math.radians(alpha)*e*vph/xs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous power at:\"\n",
-      "print \"no load=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf of 0.8=\",psy2,\"w\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous power at:\n",
-        "no load= 58177.6417331 W\n",
-        "at pf of 0.8= 73621.2350169 w\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.47, Page Number:1466"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "v1=6000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(4)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "e0=((v*pf)**2+(v*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i*r)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy=alpha*e0*v*3/r\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous torque=\",tsy,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 514916.500204 W\n",
-        "synchronous torque= 6556.60343593 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.48, Page Number:1467"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "xs=r*vp/(1000*i)\n",
-      "p=120*f/n\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(2)\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "psy=3*alpha*vp**2/(p*1000)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy*1000/(n*2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8\n",
-      "v2=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,i*4)\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "psy2=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(math.radians(8.1))*math.sin(math.radians(2))*3/4\n",
-      "tsy2=9.55*psy2/(n*20)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power:\"\n",
-      "print \"atno load=\",psy,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"at 0.8 pf=\",psy2,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"torque:\"\n",
-      "print \"at no load=\",tsy,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8=\",tsy2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power:\n",
-        "atno load= 872.664625997 w\n",
-        "at 0.8 pf= 1506057.44405 w\n",
-        "torque:\n",
-        "at no load= 2777.98239276 N-m\n",
-        "at pf=0.8= 479.428286357 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.49, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6.6#kW\n",
-      "load1=3000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "xa=complex(0.5,10)\n",
-      "xb=complex(0.4,12)\n",
-      "i0=150#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=complex(load*1000/3**0.5,0)\n",
-      "cosphi1=1500*1000/(load*1000*i0*3**0.5)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(cosphi1)\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(phi1)\n",
-      "i=328*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "i1=i0*complex(cosphi1,-sinphi1)\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "coshi2=i2.real/181\n",
-      "ea=v+i1*xa\n",
-      "eal=3**0.5*abs(ea)\n",
-      "eb=v+i2*xb\n",
-      "ebl=3**0.5*abs(eb)\n",
-      "alpha1=(ea.imag/ea.real)\n",
-      "alpha2=(eb.imag/eb.real)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Ea=\",ea,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha1=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha2=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Ea= (4602.91884998+1275.81974829j) V\n",
-        "Eb= (5352.42648271+1524.56032028j) V\n",
-        "alpha1= 15.8810288383 degrees\n",
-        "alpha2= 16.3198639435 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 245
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.50, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declration\n",
-      "e1=complex(230,0)\n",
-      "e2=230*complex(0.985,0.174)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0,2)\n",
-      "z2=complex(0,3)\n",
-      "z=6\n",
-      "i1=((e1-e2)*z+e1*z2)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i2=((e2-e1)*z+e2*z1)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*z\n",
-      "p1=abs(v)*abs(i1)*math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=abs(v)*abs(i2)*math.cos(math.atan(i2.imag/i2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power 1=\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power 2=\",p2,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= (222.905384615-28.5730769231j) V\n",
-        "current (37.1508974359-4.76217948718j) A\n",
-        "power 1= 3210.60292765 W\n",
-        "power 2= 5138.29001053 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 249
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.51, Page Number:1471"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1500#kW\n",
-      "v=11#KV\n",
-      "pf=0.867\n",
-      "x=50#ohm\n",
-      "r=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "iwatt=il*pf\n",
-      "iwattless=il*sinphi\n",
-      "i1=il/2\n",
-      "i2=iwatt/2\n",
-      "iw1=(i**2-i1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw2=i2-iw1\n",
-      "ia=(i2**2+iw2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "vt=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ir=i*r\n",
-      "ix=x*i\n",
-      "cosphi=i2/i\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "e=((vt*cosphi+ir)**2+(vt*sinphi+ix)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 43.4628778514 A\n",
-        "line voltage= 14304.0798593 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.52, Page Number:1472"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=6000#kW\n",
-      "pfa=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phia=math.acos(pfa)\n",
-      "tanphi=math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "tanphia=math.tan(phia)\n",
-      "loadkvar=load*1000*tanphi\n",
-      "akvar=output*tanphia\n",
-      "kwb=(load*1000-output)\n",
-      "kvarb=loadkvar-akvar\n",
-      "kvab=complex(kwb,kvarb)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(math.atan(kvab.imag/kvab.real))\n",
-      "kvarb=kwb*pfb\n",
-      "kvara=-loadkvar-kvarb\n",
-      "kvaa=complex(output,kvara)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(math.atan(kvaa.imag/kvaa.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new pfb=\",pfb\n",
-      "print \"new pfa=\",pfa"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new pfb= 0.628980253433\n",
-        "new pfa= 0.513894032194\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.54, Page Number:1473"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "load=1000#KVA\n",
-      "x=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=87.5\n",
-      "x=8.7\n",
-      "vp=3810\n",
-      "e0=4311\n",
-      "ir=70\n",
-      "ix=52.5\n",
-      "IX=762\n",
-      "vb1=(e0**2-vp**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1x=vb1\n",
-      "i1=i1x/x\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*v*i1/1000\n",
-      "b2v=(vp**2+e0**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2z=b2v\n",
-      "i2=b2v/x\n",
-      "i2rx=e0\n",
-      "i2r=i2rx/x\n",
-      "i2x=vp/x\n",
-      "tanphi2=i2x/i2r\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(tanphi2)\n",
-      "cosphi2=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "output1=3**0.5*v*i2*cosphi2/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output at unity pf=\",output,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output1,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " power output at unity pf= 2650.38477722 kW\n",
-        "max power output= 5664.52285143 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 255
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.55, Page Number:1474"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=220.0#A\n",
-      "load=11.0#kV\n",
-      "per=25.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "oa1=load*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "a1c1=i*x\n",
-      "e0=(oa1**2+a1c1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "emf=(1+per/100)*e0\n",
-      "a1a2=(emf**2-a1c1**2)**0.5-oa1\n",
-      "ix=a1a2/x\n",
-      "i1=(i**2+ix**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=i/i1\n",
-      "bv=(oa1**2+emf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "imax=bv/x\n",
-      "ir=emf/x\n",
-      "ix=oa1/x\n",
-      "pfmax=ir/imax\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*load*1000*imax*pfmax*0.001\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new current= 281.573453399 A\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.781323655849\n",
-        "max power output= 16006.7954319 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 258
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.56, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#MVA\n",
-      "load1=35.0#MVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=25.0#MVA\n",
-      "cosphi1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loadmw=load1*pf\n",
-      "loadmvar=load1*0.6\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "mva1=25\n",
-      "mw1=mva1*cosphi1\n",
-      "mvar1=25*sinphi1\n",
-      "mw2=loadmw-mw1\n",
-      "mvar2=loadmvar-mvar1\n",
-      "mva2=(mw2**2+mvar2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cosphi2=mw2/mva2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",mva2\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 10.4509862952\n",
-        "pf= 0.52626611926\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 260
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.57, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "load=600#KW\n",
-      "loadm=707#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "output=900#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kva=1000\n",
-      "kvar=kva*(1-pf1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "active_p=1307-output\n",
-      "reactive_p=loadm-kvar\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"active power shared by second machine=\",active_p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"reactive power shared by second machine=\",reactive_p,\"kVAR\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "active power shared by second machine= 407 kW\n",
-        "reactive power shared by second machine= 271.110105646 kVAR\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.58, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l1=500#kW\n",
-      "l2=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "l3=800#kW\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "l4=500#kW\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "output=1500#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.95\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kw1=l1\n",
-      "kw2=l2\n",
-      "kw3=l3\n",
-      "kw4=500\n",
-      "kvar2=kw2*0.436/pf1\n",
-      "kvar3=kw3*0.6/pf2\n",
-      "kvar4=kw4*0.436/pf3\n",
-      "kvar=output/pf\n",
-      "kw=kw1+kw2+kw3+kw4-output\n",
-      "kvar=kvar2+kvar3+kvar4-kvar\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(math.atan(kvar/kw))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW output=\",kw\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kW output= 1300\n",
-        "pf= 0.981685651341\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 264
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.59, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,2)\n",
-      "ze=complex(3,4)\n",
-      "emf1=complex(2000,0)\n",
-      "emf2=complex(22000,100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=complex(68.2,-102.5)\n",
-      "i2=complex(127,-196.4)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*ze\n",
-      "pva1=v*i1\n",
-      "kw1=pva1.real*3\n",
-      "a11=math.atan(-i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "a12=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(a11-a12)\n",
-      "pva2=v*i2\n",
-      "kw2=pva2.real*3\n",
-      "a21=math.atan(-i2.imag/i2.real)\n",
-      "a22=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(a21-a22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kw output 1=\",kw1/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 1=\",pf1\n",
-      "print \"kw output 2=\",kw2/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 2=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kw output 1= 328.79427\n",
-        "pf 1= 0.606839673468\n",
-        "kw output 2= 610.34892\n",
-        "pf 2= 0.596381892841\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 273
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.63, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500#rpm\n",
-      "j=1.5*10**4#khm2\n",
-      "ratio=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"natural time period of oscillation=\",round(t,3),\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "natural time period of oscillation= 1.364 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.64, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10000#KVA\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "xs=25#%\n",
-      "pf=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=100/xs\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "j=(pf/(0.0083*ns))**2*load*ratio*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"moment of inertia=\",j/1000,\"x10^4 kg-m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "moment of inertia= 29.0317898098 x10^4 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 277
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.65, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#MVA\n",
-      "v=10.0#kV\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "j=2.0*10**5#kgm2\n",
-      "x=40.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=100.0/x\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*1000*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of oscillation of the rotor=\",round(1/t,1),\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of oscillation of the rotor= 0.2 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 283
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.66, Page Number:1483"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "z=complex(1,10)\n",
-      "emf=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=emf*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "costheta=z.real/abs(z)\n",
-      "pmax=e*v*3/(z.imag*1000)\n",
-      "pmax_per_phase=(v/abs(z))*(e-(v/abs(z)))*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max output =\",pmax_per_phase/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max output = 14125.5529273 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 285
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.67, Page Number:1484"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11#kVA\n",
-      "load1=10#MW\n",
-      "z=complex(0.8,8.0)\n",
-      "v=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pmax=(load*1000/3**0.5)*(v*1000/3**0.5)*3/z.imag\n",
-      "imax=((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5/z.imag\n",
-      "pf=(v/3**0.5)*1000/((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum output=\",pmax/1000000,\"MW\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",imax,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum output= 19.25 MW\n",
-        "current= 1284.92866209 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.786318338822\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 289
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_a1WJQcD.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_a1WJQcD.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ce13ea95..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_a1WJQcD.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:072a977ff7e7f41108f647b699866e16f58bf91b148a03cefc5a07bc1eeda05b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 30:Speed Control of D.C. Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.1, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "n=250#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "ra=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "ia2=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 320.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.2, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 828.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=80.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "r1=(n2*eb1*v)/(n*eb2*ish1)\n",
-      "r=r1-rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/r1\n",
-      "torque_ratio=ish2*ia2/(ish1*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torque=\",torque_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 68.9506880734 ohm\n",
-        "ratio of torque= 1.25411235955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/(rf+r)\n",
-      "ia2=ia*1/ish2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ish2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"new armature current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 2939.0 rpm\n",
-        "new armature current= 40.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.5, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rt=Symbol('rt')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=solve(((n2*eb1*(v/rt))/(n*(v-(ia*ra/(v/rt)))))-1,rt)\n",
-      "r=rt[0]-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 88.3128987990058 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.6, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=1+0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "x=solve((ratio*eb1/((v-ia*ra*x)*x))-1,x)\n",
-      "per=1-1/x[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"main flux has to be reduced by=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "main flux has to be reduced by= 37.2991677469778 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.7, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=10#kW\n",
-      "i=41#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rw=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio1=1-0.50\n",
-      "n=2500\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ratio1*ia1/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*(ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"motor speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 26.0 A\n",
-        "motor speed= 2987.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.8, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "n=850#rpm\n",
-      "ia=72.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "n2=1650#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=40#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ratio=(n*eb2)/(n2*eb1)\n",
-      "per=1-ratio\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 46.5636857585 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.9, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ia2=solve((((v-ra*ia2)*ia2)/(eb1*ratio*ia))-1,ia2)\n",
-      "per=ia/ia2[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mail flux should be reduced by=\",round(per,4)*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mail flux should be reduced by= 62.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.10, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=ratio*(v-ia*ra)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in the series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in the series= 5.25 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.11, Page Number:1036"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-i_f)*ra\n",
-      "kpsi=eb0/1000\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n1=eb1/kpsi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n1,1),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 966.2 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.12, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "i2=20#A\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb/n\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/(ia)-ra\n",
-      "eb3=v-i2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 1.15 ohm\n",
-        "speed= 922.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.13, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.48#kW\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=990#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2#A\n",
-      "n2=450#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "losses=input_p-load*1000\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "loss_nl=losses-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "eb1=v-20-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb1/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "total_loss=ia**2*(r+ra)+loss+loss_nl\n",
-      "output=input_p-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor input=\",input_p/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor input= 8.5 kW\n",
-        "armature current= 36.6363636364 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.93403113016 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 41.6691237902 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.14, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb1=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=990.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in series= 4.55353535354 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 83
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.15, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k2=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "rf1=v/if1\n",
-      "rf2=v/if2\n",
-      "r=rf2-rf1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 100.0 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.16, Page Number:1039"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=22.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k1=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "if2=n2*ia/n\n",
-      "ia2=solve(v-ra*ia2-(k1*ia*if1*n2)/ia2,ia2)\n",
-      "if2=ia*if1/ia2[0]\n",
-      "r=v/if2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new field resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new field resistance to be added= 306.828780053869 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.17, Page Number:1040"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "output=25#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-if1\n",
-      "il=ratio*ia\n",
-      "r=v/il\n",
-      "r_ext=r-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",round(r_ext,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 1.341 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.18, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=17.5#A\n",
-      "n2=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",round(r,1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 4.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.19, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ra=1.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=500#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4#A\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=26#A\n",
-      "r=2.3#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2_=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "n2__=n*eb2/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%=\",round(n2__),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected= 831.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%= 978.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.20, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=ia2=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia2/2\n",
-      "n3=n*(v-ia3*rt)/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 771.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.21, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=20#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=1.0/2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at half full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 550.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at half full-load torque= 588.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 137
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.22, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=30.0#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at double full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 427.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at double full-load torque= 317.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.23, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "n=750.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=250.0#N-m\n",
-      "r=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t1=load/(2*3.14*(n/60))\n",
-      "ia1=load/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*math.sqrt(t2/t1)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia1*n/(eb1*ia2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which machine will run=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which machine will run= 381.789716486 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.24, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=7.46*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2.0#A\n",
-      "n2=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=output/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-20-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "input_m=(v)*(ia2+ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_cu_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_loss-total_cu_loss\n",
-      "stray_loss2=stray_loss*n2/n\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia1**2*rt\n",
-      "total_loss2=stray_loss2+cu_loss_f+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "output2=input_m-total_loss2\n",
-      "efficiency=output2*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"overall efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 4460.66115702 W\n",
-        "armature current= 36.5330578512 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.42352222599 ohm\n",
-        "overall efficiency= 52.619059225 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.25, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=15.0#A\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "n2=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=((v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia)-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia/2\n",
-      "eb3=v-ia3*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 615.584415584 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.26, Page Number:1045"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "inl=3.5#A\n",
-      "il=59.5#A\n",
-      "rf=267.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2.0#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.02\n",
-      "speed_ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=inl-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra-vd\n",
-      "ia2=il-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-vd\n",
-      "n1_by_n2=eb1*(1-ratio)/eb2\n",
-      "per_change=(1-1/n1_by_n2)*100\n",
-      "r=solve(eb2*speed_ratio/(eb2-ia2*r)-1,r)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"change in speed=\",per_change,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r[0],\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "change in speed= 0.83357557339 %\n",
-        "resistance to be added= 3.33092370774547 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*(n2/n)**2\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resustance that must be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resustance that must be added= 1.32708333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "i_permissible=i*ratio\n",
-      "ia_per=i_permissible-ish\n",
-      "ra_total=v/ia_per\n",
-      "r_required=ra_total-ra\n",
-      "torque=ratio*ta\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_required,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed at starting=\",torque,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "net torque= 365.403326173 N-m\n",
-        "starting resistance= 0.913513513514 ohm\n",
-        "torque developed at starting= 548.104989259 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.29, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "rf=40.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=55.0#A\n",
-      "n=595.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.58#ohm\n",
-      "n2=630.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia_=15.0#A\n",
-      "rd=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ra1=r+ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra1*ia1\n",
-      "ia2=ia1\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*(n2/n)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia1\n",
-      "eb2_=v-ia_*ra1\n",
-      "n2=eb2_*n/eb1\n",
-      "eb3=eb1\n",
-      "IR=v-eb3-ia2*ra\n",
-      "pd=v-IR\n",
-      "i_d=pd/rd\n",
-      "i=ia2+i_d\n",
-      "R=IR/i\n",
-      "I=solve(rd*(I-ia_)-v+R*I,I)\n",
-      "eb4=v-R*I[0]-ia_*ra\n",
-      "n4=n*(eb4/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature circuit resistance should be reduced by=\",ra1-r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when Ia=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"value of series resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor current falls to 15A=\",n4,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature circuit resistance should be reduced by= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "speed when Ia= 668.5 rpm\n",
-        "value of series resistance= 0.344418052257 ohm\n",
-        "speed when motor current falls to 15A= 636.922222222222 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.31, Page Number:1051"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=math.sqrt(2*2**0.5*i**2)\n",
-      "n2=n*2*i/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n",
-        "current= 25.2268924576 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.32, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=707#rpm\n",
-      "ia1=100#A\n",
-      "v=85#V\n",
-      "rf=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ra_total=ra+(2*rf)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra_total\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**0.5\n",
-      "rf=rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)*(2*ia1/ia2)\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n/n2)*eb2))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1029.46885374 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.171040764009 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.33, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "R=v/ia-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at starting=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at 1000 rpm\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added at starting= 5.7 ohm\n",
-        "resistance to be added at 1000 rpm 1.9 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.34, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=20.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**(3.0/4.0)\n",
-      "n2=n*ratio*ia1/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 33.6358566101 A\n",
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.35, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=350.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia*(n2/n)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "V=solve((n2*eb1*ia2/(n*ia))+ia2-V,V)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage=\",V[0],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " current= 35.7142857143 A\n",
-        "voltage= 433.673469387755 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.36, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=10.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.70\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "r_total=ra+rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-r_total*ia\n",
-      "n2=(eb2*n/(eb1*ratio))\n",
-      "    \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1444.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.37, Page Number:1054"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=(ratio*2*ia**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/ia2)*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 777.147765122 rpm\n",
-        "speed= 69.2820323028 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.38, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#when divertor is added\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+4*r)\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*(ra+rd)/rd)**0.5\n",
-      "ra_=rd*ra/(ra+rd)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra_\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*3/(2*ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#rearranged field coils in two series and parallel group\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*2)**0.5\n",
-      "r=ra+r\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*r\n",
-      "n2_=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/(ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when divertor was added=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when field coils are rearranged=\",n2_,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when divertor was added= 1112.87640676 rpm\n",
-        "speed when field coils are rearranged= 1275.19533144 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.39, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "rf=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=20#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-il*(ra+rf/4)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(1/(1-ratio))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1162.92198261 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.40, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=200.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rd=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=ra+rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "i2=solve(((rd+rf)*i2**2)-(v*i2)-(i**2*rd),i2)\n",
-      "pd=v-i2[1]*rf\n",
-      "ia2=((rd+rf)*i2[1]-v)/rd\n",
-      "eb2=pd-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(i/i2[1])*n\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 342.848235418389 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.41, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "r=3#ohm\n",
-      "i2=15#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-(r+ra)*i2\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)/ratio\n",
-      "power_ratio=(n*i)/(n2*i2*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of power outputs=\",power_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 1349.65437788 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of power outputs= 1.48186086214\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.42, Page Number:1057"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "I=(i**2*ratio**3)**0.5\n",
-      "eb2=I*ratio*v/i\n",
-      "R=(v-eb2)/I\n",
-      "pa=v*i/1000\n",
-      "power_n=pa*ratio**4\n",
-      "pa=eb2*I\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resistance required=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Resistance required= 7.26432660412 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.44, Page Number:1060"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "n2=550#rpm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi1=eb1/n\n",
-      "eb2=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi2=eb2/n2\n",
-      "eb_=v-i*2*r\n",
-      "n=eb_/((eb1/n2)+(eb2/n))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 248.120300752 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.45, Page Number:1061"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ratio1=5.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "t=882#N-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "k=v/(n*i/60)\n",
-      "I=(t/((ratio1+ratio2)*0.159*k))**0.5\n",
-      "nsh=v/((ratio1+ratio2)*k*I)\n",
-      "eb1=ratio1*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "eb2=ratio2*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",I,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of shaft=\",round(nsh*60),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage across the motors=\",round(eb1),\"V,\",round(eb2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 49.5202984449 A\n",
-        "speed of shaft= 134.0 rpm\n",
-        "voltage across the motors= 139.0 V, 111.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.46, Page Number:1063"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "t=700#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.008#ohm\n",
-      "rf=55#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=375#N-m\n",
-      "n2=1050#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*t/60\n",
-      "power_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "im=power_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=im-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*t2/t\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=eb2/ia2-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"dynamic break resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "dynamic break resistance= 0.795525014538 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 118
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.47, Page Number:1064"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "n=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.746\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "eb=v-I*ra\n",
-      "vt=v+eb\n",
-      "i_max=2*I\n",
-      "r=vt/i_max\n",
-      "R=r-ra\n",
-      "N=n/60\n",
-      "phizp_by_a=eb/N\n",
-      "k4=phizp_by_a*v/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "k3=phizp_by_a**2/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "tb=k4+k3*N\n",
-      "tb0=k4\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"breaking resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque=\",tb,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque when N=0 =\",tb0,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "breaking resistance= 6.1 ohm\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque= 1028.3970276 N-m\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque when N=0 = 522.360394972 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.48, Page Number:1069"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=120#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "l=20*0.001#H\n",
-      "ka=0.05#V/rpm motor constant\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vt=ia*ra\n",
-      "alpha=vt/v\n",
-      "#when alpha=1\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "N=eb/ka\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"range of speed control=\",0,\"to\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"range of duty cycle=\",(alpha),\"to\",1"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " range of speed control= 0 to 2200.0 rpm\n",
-        "range of duty cycle= 0.0833333333333 to 1\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.49, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=ratio*i\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r_start=r1-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_start,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 2.78842716711 ohm\n",
-        "back emf= 66.6666666667 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 125
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.50, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r1=v/ia\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.812 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.215 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.815 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.546 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.366 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.246 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.51, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=6\n",
-      "load=3.73#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=output-load\n",
-      "cu_loss=total_loss*ratio\n",
-      "i=output*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-i1\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss*1000/ia**2\n",
-      "i_per=i*2\n",
-      "ia_per=i_per-i1\n",
-      "r1=v/ia_per\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.627 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.709 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.468 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.309 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.52, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "load=36.775#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.05\n",
-      "rsh=200#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=input_m*ratio\n",
-      "cu_loss_sh=v**2/rsh\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=cu_loss-cu_loss_sh\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss_a/ia**2\n",
-      "k=(v/(ia*ra))**(1.0/(n))\n",
-      "i1=k*ia\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.974 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.36 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.219 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.133 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.0 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.081 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.53, Page Number:1082"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.125#ohm\n",
-      "i2=150.0#A\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve((i1/i2)**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r6/k\n",
-      "r8=r7/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-r8\n",
-      "p8=r8-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 8th section=\",round(p8,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.313 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.234 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.176 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.132 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.099 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.056 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 8th section= 0.042 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.54, Page Number:1083"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=20\n",
-      "ra=1.31#ohm\n",
-      "t=218#N-m\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "slot=60\n",
-      "phi=23*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=t/(0.159*phi*slot*z)\n",
-      "i1=ia*ratio\n",
-      "i2=ia\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve(k**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 2.237 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.491 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.994 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.678 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.55, Page Number:1084"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "drop=0.02\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "i_per=1.30\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=i_per*il\n",
-      "vd=drop*v\n",
-      "rm=vd/il\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r=(r1-rm)/6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of each rheostat=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of each rheostat= 0.615721729566 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 165
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.56, Page Number:1085"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=55.95#kW\n",
-      "v=650.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.51#ohm\n",
-      "i1=140.0#A\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "per=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=((per+1)/ratio-per)*r1\n",
-      "r3=(per+1)*r2/ratio-per*r1\n",
-      "r4=((per+1)*r3/ratio)-per*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"number of steps=\",3\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "number of steps= 3\n",
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.364 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 1.17 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 170
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_afmBatJ.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_afmBatJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index aebdac51..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_afmBatJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:7d0991402755fd2e3c1083bccec70e0a43143da000e9a99e70877269e1fdc43a"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 31: Testing of DC Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.1, Page Number:1092"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l=38.1#kg\n",
-      "d=63.53*0.01#cm\n",
-      "v=12#rps\n",
-      "i=49#A\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=d/2\n",
-      "torque=l*r*9.81\n",
-      "power=torque*2*3.14*v\n",
-      "motor_input=i*V\n",
-      "efficiency=power*100/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output power=\",round(power),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(efficiency),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output power= 8947.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 83.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(a), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "spring_b1=10.0#kg\n",
-      "spring_b2=35.0#kg\n",
-      "d=40*0.01#m\n",
-      "v=950.0#rpm\n",
-      "V=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=30.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "F=(spring_b2-spring_b1)*9.81\n",
-      "N=v/60\n",
-      "R=d/2\n",
-      "tsh=F*R\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*N\n",
-      "output=tsh*omega\n",
-      "motor_input=V*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 4877.205 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.28675 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(b), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "t1=2.9#kg\n",
-      "t2=0.17#kg\n",
-      "r=7*0.01#m\n",
-      "i=2.0#A\n",
-      "V=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "force=(t1-t2)*9.81\n",
-      "torque=force*r\n",
-      "output=torque*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(V*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",torque,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1.874691 N-m\n",
-        "output 294.326487 W\n",
-        "efficiency 63.984018913 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.3, Page Number:1095"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_noload=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=i-ish\n",
-      "culoss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_noload-culoss\n",
-      "ia=32-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(output/input_)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 70.1754545455 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.4, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/r\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "Ia=I-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=Ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_lossa\n",
-      "input_nl1=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_nl1-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_nl\n",
-      "Eb1=V-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=V-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "change=math.fabs((Eb1-Eb2)/Eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*10,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",change*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 16852.5 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 84.2625 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= 5.64617314931 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.5, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=44.76#kW\n",
-      "i=13.25#A\n",
-      "ish=2.55#A\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p_nl=v*i\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "bd_loss=2*ia\n",
-      "variable_loss=bd_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "w=p_nl-variable_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-p*1000-w-2*I-ra*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v\n",
-      "e=p*1000/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Full load current=\",round(il),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Full load efficiency=\",round(e*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Full load current= 226.0 A\n",
-        "Full load efficiency= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.6, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "o=17.158#kW\n",
-      "inpt=20.2#KW\n",
-      "rf=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "o2=7.46#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loss1=inpt*1000.0-o*1000.0\n",
-      "ic=inpt*1000.0/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=ic-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "const_loss=loss1-cu_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-o2*1000.0-(ra*I**2)-const_loss],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v/1000.0\n",
-      "e=o2*1000*100/(pin*1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(il),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 74.1 %\n",
-        "power input= 50.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.7, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92#kW\n",
-      "ia=6.5#A\n",
-      "ish=2.2#A\n",
-      "i=70.0#A\n",
-      "pd=3.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ic_nl=ia+ish\n",
-      "pi=v*ic_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*pd/i\n",
-      "const_loss=pi-cu_lossa\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*I+cu_loss-p*1000-const_loss-(pd/i)*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "ic=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=v*ic\n",
-      "e=p*1000*100/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.8, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=200*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i1=36.0#A\n",
-      "I1=12.0#A\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "pd=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=400.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ia=i1-I1\n",
-      "ra=pd/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_nl=v*i1\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "output_i=p/v\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/(p+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "output_i=p/(2*v)\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/((p/2+total_loss)*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at half load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at full load= 91.3736344667 %\n",
-        "efficiency at half load= 89.6559292335 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.9, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92*1000#W\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpn\n",
-      "rsh=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=78.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_=0.8*p/e\n",
-      "total_loss=input_-0.8*p\n",
-      "input_i=input_/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "ra=total_loss/(2*(ia**2))\n",
-      "Ia=i-ish\n",
-      "total_loss2=Ia**2*ra+total_loss/2\n",
-      "input__=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=(input__-total_loss2)*100/input__\n",
-      "Eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=v-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "n2=(n*Eb2)/Eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"r.p.m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 86.9450046554 %\n",
-        "speed= 678.443304738 r.p.m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.10(a), Page Number:1101"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#W\n",
-      "i2=90.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=p/v\n",
-      "efficiency=math.sqrt(i1/(i1+i2))*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.11, Page Number:1102"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "motor_i=100#A\n",
-      "shunt_i1=3#A\n",
-      "shunt_i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "cu_loss=500#W\n",
-      "cu_lossa=361#W\n",
-      "ia=85#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "mech_core_stray_loss=0.5*((v*i)-(motor_i**2*ra)-(ia**2*ra))\n",
-      "cu_motor=v*shunt_i1\n",
-      "generator_motor=v*shunt_i2\n",
-      "total_loss=mech_core_stray_loss+cu_motor+generator_motor\n",
-      "input_=v*i+cu_motor\n",
-      "output=v*ia*10**(-3)\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss*10**(-3)+1.07+0.36\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eficiency= 89.8045430534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.12, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "i=48#A\n",
-      "i1=3#a\n",
-      "i2=3.5#A\n",
-      "motor_i=230#A\n",
-      "ra=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "cu_loss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=motor_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i1\n",
-      "total_cu_lossm=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "arm_i=233-i+i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=arm_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=arm_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i2\n",
-      "total_cu_lossg=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#set\n",
-      "totalcu_loss=total_cu_lossm+total_cu_lossg\n",
-      "total_input=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_input-totalcu_loss\n",
-      "strayloss_per=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor efficiency\n",
-      "input_=233*v\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossm+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",e,\"%\"\n",
-      "#generator efficiency\n",
-      "input_=110*185\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossg+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "100\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.4590884705 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 88.5893642506 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.13, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable series\n",
-      "v=500.0#A\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#w\n",
-      "auxiliary_i=30.0#A\n",
-      "output_i=200.0#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "i2=1.8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.075#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=2.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_arm=output_i+auxiliary_i\n",
-      "motorarm_culoss=(motor_arm**2*ra)+(motor_arm*2)\n",
-      "motorfield_culoss=v*i2\n",
-      "generatorarm_culoss=(output_i**2*ra)+(output_i*2)\n",
-      "generatoefield_culoss=v*i1\n",
-      "total_culoss=motorarm_culoss+motorfield_culoss+generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss\n",
-      "power=v*auxiliary_i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-total_culoss\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "total_loss=generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss+permachine\n",
-      "output=v*output_i\n",
-      "e=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 93.1001175389 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.14, Page Number:1104"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "motor_i=400.0#A\n",
-      "i1=6.0#A\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(motor_i-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*motor_i)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(motor_i-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 92.3148148148 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 91.4642857143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 77
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.15, Page Number:1105"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ia=380.0#A\n",
-      "i1=5.0#A\n",
-      "i2=4.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(ia-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*ia)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.7038001041 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 95.2121212121 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.16, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "v2=190.0#V\n",
-      "t=30#sec\n",
-      "t2=20#sec\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "avg_i=i/2\n",
-      "power=avg_v*avg_i\n",
-      "W=power*(t2/(t-t2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Stray loss=\",W,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Stray loss= 4100.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 85
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.17, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "n1=1525.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1475.0#ohm\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "p=1000.0#W\n",
-      "t2=20.0#sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "N=(n1+n2)/2\n",
-      "w=p*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(w*dt)/((2*3.14/60)**2*N*dN)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Moment of Inertia=\",I,\"kg-m2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Moment of Inertia= 121.708791432 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.18, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "v2=225.0#V\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "t2=6.0#ohm\n",
-      "iavg=10.0#A\n",
-      "i2=25.0#A\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "w_=avg_v*iavg\n",
-      "W=w_*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "ish=v3/r\n",
-      "ia=i2-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_shunt=v3*ia\n",
-      "total_loss=W+cu_loss+v3\n",
-      "e=((v*i2)-total_loss)/(v*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "734.210526316\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.7564912281 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.19, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n1=1030#rpm\n",
-      "n2=970#rpm\n",
-      "t1=36#sec\n",
-      "t2=15#sec\n",
-      "t3=9#sec\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "v=219#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "W=v*i*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(W*t2)/((2*3.14/60)**2*n*dN)\n",
-      "Wm=W*t2/t1\n",
-      "iron_loss=W-Wm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)moment of inertia=\",I,\"kg.m2\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)mechanical losses=\",Wm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)moment of inertia= 74.9650087225 kg.m2\n",
-        "ii)iron loss= 1916.25 W\n",
-        "iii)mechanical losses= 1368.75 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.20, Page Number:1110"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "iam=56.0#A\n",
-      "vam=590.0#V\n",
-      "vdm=40.0#V\n",
-      "iag=44.0#A\n",
-      "vag=400.0#V\n",
-      "vdg=40.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_total=(vdm+vam)*iam\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "total_loss=input_total-output\n",
-      "rse=vdg/iam\n",
-      "cu_loss=((r+2*rse)*iam**2)+(iag**2*r)\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "permachine=strayloss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "inputm=vam*iam\n",
-      "culossm=(r+rse)*iam**2\n",
-      "totallossm=culossm+permachine\n",
-      "output=inputm-totallossm\n",
-      "em=output*100/inputm\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "inputg=vag*iag\n",
-      "culossg=(r)*iag**2\n",
-      "totalloss=culossg+permachine+(vdm*iam)\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "eg=output*100/(output+totalloss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",em,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",eg,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "motor efficiency= 72.6997578692 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 67.0220868241 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_bH5qWgx.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_bH5qWgx.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95eb9b1e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_bH5qWgx.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,391 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:cd727f10a4caede23f6dcd22be7261834b049d15aeb309766271ec0c03a024c2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 36: Single-Phase Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.1, Page Number:1374"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=60\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "xo=xm+x2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zf=(((r2/s)*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jf=(((r2/s)*(r2/s)+(x2*xo))/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jf=math.degrees(math.atan(jf/zf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zb=(((r2/(2-s))*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jb=(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s))+(x2*xo))/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jb=math.degrees(math.atan(jb/zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zb\n",
-      "j01=jf+jb+J1\n",
-      "J01=math.degrees(math.atan(j01/z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zb\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "output=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output = \",output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output =  206.798750547\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.2, Page Number:1375"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=185\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "Xo=53.5\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "cl=3.5#core loss\n",
-      "fl=13.5#friction loss\n",
-      "vf=(82.5/100)*v\n",
-      "ic=(cl*100)/vf\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "rc=vf/ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 1\n",
-      "c=1/rc #conductance of corebranch\n",
-      "s=-(1/xm)#susceptance\n",
-      "a1=(r2/s)/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance\n",
-      "a1j=-x2/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance j\n",
-      "yf=c+a1\n",
-      "yfj=s+a1j\n",
-      "zf=(yf*yf)+(yfj*yfj)\n",
-      "zfr=yf/zf\n",
-      "zfj=yfj/zf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 2\n",
-      "a2=(r2/2-s)/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "a2j=-x2/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "yb=yf+a2\n",
-      "ybj=yfj+a2j\n",
-      "zb1=(yb*yb)+(ybj*ybj)\n",
-      "zbr=yb/zb1\n",
-      "zbj=ybj/zb1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zbr\n",
-      "z01j=J1+zfj+zbj\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zbr\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "watt=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "net_output=watt-fl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net output = \",net_output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net output =  -446.423232085\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.3, Page Number:1376"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=250\n",
-      "v=230\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "zm=4.5\n",
-      "zmj=3.7\n",
-      "za=9.5\n",
-      "zaj=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zma=math.degrees(math.atan(zmj/zm))\n",
-      "ialeadv=90-zma\n",
-      "x=za*(math.tan(math.radians(ialeadv)))\n",
-      "xc=x+zaj\n",
-      "c=1000000/(xc*2*50*3.14)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"C= \",c,\" uf\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C=  211.551875951  uf\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.4, Page Number:1393"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p=250\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "ra=20\n",
-      "la=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "#ac\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*la\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "nac=(ebac*ndc)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "pmech=ebac*ia\n",
-      "T=(pmech*9.55)/nac\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque= \",T,\" N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1606.22922133  rpm\n",
-        "Torque=  0.955  N-m\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.821013282424  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.5, Page Number:1394"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=30\n",
-      "l=0.5\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "idc=0.8\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "ia=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-      "ra=r\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(r*idc)\n",
-      "nac=(ndc*ebac)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1700.52062383  rpm\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.864635321971  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.6, Page Number:1396"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "w=8\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "v2=205\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "ns=(120*f)/pole\n",
-      "tsh=(9.55*w*1000)/ns\n",
-      "alpha=0.5*(math.degrees(math.asin((v*v*math.sin(math.radians(2*a)))/(v2*v2))))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V = \",alpha,\" degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V =  42.9327261097  degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_bSQgnPm.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_bSQgnPm.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 894eff9f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_bSQgnPm.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:9895a0f3fc78aa13cc793dfc60b4d616a3af11e4983465d122ac29be7197893e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 25: Elements of Electro-Mechanical Energy Conversion"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.1, Page Number:876"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sod=15#stator-core outer diameter\n",
-      "sid=10.05#stator-core inner diameter\n",
-      "rod=10.00#rotor-core outer diameter\n",
-      "rid=5#rotor-core inner diameter\n",
-      "a=8#axial lenght of the machine\n",
-      "b=1.20\n",
-      "ur=1000\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=(3.14/4)*((sod*sod)-(sid*sid))*a#volume of stator-core\n",
-      "vr=(3.14/4)*((rod*rod)-(rid*rid))*a#volume of rotor-core\n",
-      "va=(3.14/4)*((sid*sid)-(rod*rod))*a#volume of air-gap in the machine\n",
-      "ed=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7))\n",
-      "e=ed*va*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "edm=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)*ur)\n",
-      "es=edm*vs*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "er=edm*vr*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "kr=(vs+vr)/vs\n",
-      "ke=(es+er)/e\n",
-      "ratio=kr/ke\n",
-      "eratio=e/(es+er)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in air gap= \",e,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in stator-core= \",round(es,2),\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in rotor core= \",er,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores=\",round(eratio)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Energy stored in air gap=  3.609  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in stator-core=  0.45  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in rotor core=  0.27  Joules\n",
-        "Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores= 5.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.2, Page Number:877"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#turns\n",
-      "area=5*5#cross sectional area\n",
-      "i=1.25#amp\n",
-      "x=0.25#cm\n",
-      "l=0.402\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p=4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)/(0.5*10**(-2))\n",
-      "l=n**2*p\n",
-      "em=.5*i*i*l\n",
-      "W=-1*0.5*n**2*4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)*i**2/(0.5*10**(-2))**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)coil inductance=\",l,\"H\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)field energy stored=\",em,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)mechanical energy output=\",W,\"NW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)coil inductance= 0.40192 H\n",
-        "  ii)field energy stored= 0.314 J\n",
-        "b)mechanical energy output= -62.8 NW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.4, Page Number:882"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "lo=50#mH\n",
-      "xo=0.05#cm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.075#cm\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "x2=0.15#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "l1=2*lo/(1+(x/xo))\n",
-      "lambda1=l1*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "W=0.5*l1*i2**2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "l2=2*lo/(1+(x2/xo))\n",
-      "lambda2=l2*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "w2=0.5*i2*(lambda1-lambda2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",W,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic stored energy=\",w2,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.5, Page Number:883"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rc=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=3#V\n",
-      "i=6#A\n",
-      "l1=40#mH\n",
-      "l2=25#mH\n",
-      "wfld=0.5*l2*i*i*0.001\n",
-      "delE=0.5*i*i*0.001*(l1-l2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",wfld,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic store energy=\",delE,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)magnetic stored energy= 0.45 J\n",
-        "b)change in magnetic store energy= 0.27 J\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_bY2ZN66.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_bY2ZN66.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0690f646..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_bY2ZN66.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1741 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:e71bef33b0871199556c73182ec6cd28497a9d9d16612973a23ee2cceda4b35b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 26: D.C. Generators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.3, Page Number:912"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=450#A\n",
-      "v=230#v\n",
-      "rs=50#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.03#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+va\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f. generated in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f. generated in the armature=  243.62  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.4, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#v\n",
-      "rs=250#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vs=ia*rseries\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "vb=ish*b\n",
-      "E=v+va+vs+vb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  506.16  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.5, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "v=220#v\n",
-      "rs=200#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=i*rseries\n",
-      "vshunt=v+vs\n",
-      "ish=vshunt/v\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vb=b*2\n",
-      "E=v+vs+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  232.552045455  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.6, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": true,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#v\n",
-      "i=150.0#A\n",
-      "rs=92.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.03#ohm(divertor)\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rd*rseries)/(rd+rseries)\n",
-      "tr=ra+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "Eg=v+vd\n",
-      "tp=Eg*ia\n",
-      "pl=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*sdr)+(v*ish)+(v*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resuts\n",
-      "print \"i) Induced e.m.f.= \",Eg,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)Total power generated= \",tp,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)Distribution of the total power:\"\n",
-      "print \" power lost in armature=                \", ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "print \"power lost in series field and divider= \", ia*ia*sdr\n",
-      "print \"power dissipated in shunt winding=      \", v*ish\n",
-      "print \"power delivered to load=                \", v*i\n",
-      "print \"                                         ------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Total=                                  \", pl"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) Induced e.m.f.=  236.405  V\n",
-        "ii)Total power generated=  36051.7625  W\n",
-        "iii)Distribution of the total power:\n",
-        " power lost in armature=                 744.2\n",
-        "power lost in series field and divider=  232.5625\n",
-        "power dissipated in shunt winding=       575.0\n",
-        "power delivered to load=                 34500.0\n",
-        "                                         ------------\n",
-        "Total=                                   36051.7625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.7, Page Number:914"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=300000.0#w\n",
-      "v=600.0#v\n",
-      "sr=75.0#ohm\n",
-      "abr=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "cr=0.011#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "dr=0.036#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "io=p/v#output current\n",
-      "ish=v/sr\n",
-      "ia=io+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rseries*dr)/(rseries+dr)\n",
-      "tr=abr+cr+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "va=v+vd\n",
-      "pg=va*ia\n",
-      "W=pg/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generatedby the armature= \",va,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power generated by the armature= \",W, \"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generatedby the armature=  625.4  V\n",
-        "Power generated by the armature=  317.7032 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.8, Page Number:915"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=7*math.pow(10,-3)\n",
-      "z=51*20\n",
-      "a=p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#r.p.m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=(phi*z*n*p)/(a*60)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generated= \",Eg,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generated=  178.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.9, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=8\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "N=500#armature conductor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=phi*(n/60)*(p/a)*N\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f generated= \",E,\" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f generated=  500.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.10, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=127#v\n",
-      "vt=120#v(terminal voltage)\n",
-      "r=15#ohms\n",
-      "i1=8.47#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohms\n",
-      "fi=8#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=v+(i1*ra)\n",
-      "ia=(Eg-vt)/ra\n",
-      "il=ia-fi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current \",il,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current  350.47  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(a), Page Number:917"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=778\n",
-      "n=500\n",
-      "ra=0.24\n",
-      "rl=12.5\n",
-      "r=250\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "si=v/r\n",
-      "ai=il+si\n",
-      "emf=v+(ai*ra)\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ai,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",emf,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",round(phi*1000,2),\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  21.0  A\n",
-        "induced e.m.f.=  255.04  V\n",
-        "flux per pole=  9.83  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(b), Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "P=5000.0#w\n",
-      "P2=2500.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=120\n",
-      "N=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "gc=P/v\n",
-      "li=P2/v\n",
-      "ti=gc+li\n",
-      "fc=1\n",
-      "ai=ti+fc\n",
-      "ard=ai*ra\n",
-      "emf=v+ard+2\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*N)\n",
-      "ac_perparralelpath=ai/p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current per parallel path= \",ac_perparralelpath,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Flux per pole=  129.1  mWb\n",
-        "Armature current per parallel path=  7.75  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.12, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2.0#V(brush drop)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "R=v/i\n",
-      "E1=v+(i*ra)+bd\n",
-      "E2=(E1*n2)/n1\n",
-      "il=(E2-bd)/0.675\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.= \",round(il,2),\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.=  157.04  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.13, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=900 #rpm\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "E=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "phi=10#mWb\n",
-      "N=8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(E-V)/ra\n",
-      "Z=(E*600*2)/(phi*math.pow(10,-3)*n*p)\n",
-      "#since there ae 8 turns in a coil,it means there are 16 active conductor\n",
-      "number_of_coils=Z/16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"number of coils= \",number_of_coils"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  100.0  A\n",
-        "number of coils=  500.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.14, Page Number:919"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=120.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rs=25#ohm\n",
-      "rsw=0.04#ohm(series winding)\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "#i)Long shunt\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#i)Short shunt\n",
-      "vds=il*rsw\n",
-      "vs=V+vds\n",
-      "ish=vs/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt=  130.48  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt= 104.8  A\n",
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt=  130.496  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt= 104.96  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.15, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=25000.0#W\n",
-      "V=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=1.0#V\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/V\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "vds=ia*rseries\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "vdb=vb*2\n",
-      "E=V+vds+vda+vdb\n",
-      "Z=(E*60*4)/(phi*n*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"The e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"The number of conductors=\",Z"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The e.m.f. generated=  505.675  V\n",
-        "The number of conductors= 1264.1875\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.16, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "e=240.0#V\n",
-      "z=792\n",
-      "phi=0.0145#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi_working=(e*60*2)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "lambda_=phi/phi_working\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Leakage coefficient= \",round(lambda_,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Leakage coefficient=  1.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.17, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rt=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "rtotal=t*rt\n",
-      "r_eachpath=rtotal/p\n",
-      "ra=r_eachpath/a\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "V=E-vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage= \",V, \" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal Voltage=  459.25  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.18, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rturn=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rsc=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ra=0.055#ohm\n",
-      "ra=ra+rsc\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "v=E-va\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "i=ia-ish\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output= \",round(output/1000,3),\" kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output=  20.813  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.19, Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "v=125#V\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E1=v+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "E2=E1*n2/n1*0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%=\",E2,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%= 90.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(a), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=378\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "rl=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "V=(100.0/111.0)*E\n",
-      "il=V/rl\n",
-      "P=il*V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power absorbed by the load is= \",P,\" W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power absorbed by the load is=  5154.12710007  W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(b), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=300\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#rpm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "il=90#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ifield=E/rf\n",
-      "ia=ifield+il\n",
-      "V=E-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage= \",V,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal voltage=  481.2  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(a), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "e=250.0#V\n",
-      "d=350.0#mm\n",
-      "air_gap=3.0#mm\n",
-      "al=260.0#mm\n",
-      "fringing=0.8\n",
-      "coils=96\n",
-      "t=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=t*coils*2\n",
-      "a=p*2\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "di=d+air_gap\n",
-      "pole_arc=(3.14*di*fringing)/6\n",
-      "B=phi/(pole_arc*0.000001*al)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi,\" Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"effective pole arc lenght= \",pole_arc*0.001,\" m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux density= \",B,\" T\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  0.0434027777778  Wb\n",
-        "effective pole arc lenght=  0.147789333333  m\n",
-        "flux density=  1.12953862717  T\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(b), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "e=250.0#v\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "b=35.0#cm\n",
-      "ratio=0.7\n",
-      "lpole=20.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pole_pitch=(b*3.14)/p\n",
-      "polearc=ratio*pole_pitch\n",
-      "pole_area=polearc*lpole\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "mean_flux=phi/(pole_area*math.pow(10,-4))\n",
-      "              \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Mean flux density= \",mean_flux,\" Wb/m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Mean flux density=  0.649941505265  Wb/m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(d), Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v+(i*rseries)\n",
-      "ish=va/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "e=va+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "ishunt=v/rs\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rseries)\n",
-      "e2=v+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(short shunt)\",e,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(long shunt)\",e2,\" V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf generated(short shunt) 114.070666667  V\n",
-        "emf generated(long shunt) 114.123666667  V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.22, Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "w=20000.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rs=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=w/v\n",
-      "i_f=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+i_f\n",
-      "ip=w/efficiency#input power\n",
-      "total_loss=ip-w\n",
-      "copper_loss=(ia*ia*(ra+rseries))+(i_f*i_f*rs)\n",
-      "ironloss=total_loss-copper_loss\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "T=ip/omega\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#omega\n",
-      "print \"Copper loss= \",copper_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Iron and friction loss= \",ironloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque developed by the prime mover= \",T,\"Nw-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Copper loss=  1216.88892562  W\n",
-        "Iron and friction loss=  2312.52283909  W\n",
-        "Torque developed by the prime mover=  224.803297115 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.23, Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declartaion\n",
-      "power=10000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=534\n",
-      "cu_loss=0.64*1000#W\n",
-      "vbd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=power/v\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+vbd\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  30.0  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(a), Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=195#A\n",
-      "pd=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "p=250#W\n",
-      "strayloss=950#W\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=pd/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=pd+vda\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(pd*ish)\n",
-      "output_prime=(pd*i)+strayloss+cu_loss\n",
-      "power_a=output_prime-strayloss\n",
-      "neu_m=(power_a/output_prime)\n",
-      "neu_e=(pd*i)/((pd*i)+cu_loss)\n",
-      "neu_c=(pd*i)/output_prime\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \" b)Cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" c)output of prime mover= \",output_prime,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" d)mechanical efficiency= \",neu_m*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   electrical efficiency= \",neu_e*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   commercial efficiency= \",neu_c*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)e.m.f. generated=  254.0  V\n",
-        " b)Cu losses=  2050.0  W\n",
-        " c)output of prime mover=  51750.0  W\n",
-        " d)mechanical efficiency=  98.1642512077  %\n",
-        "   electrical efficiency=  95.9645669291  %\n",
-        "   commercial efficiency=  94.2028985507  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(b), Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "total_loss=(v*i*0.5)+((il+i*0.5)*(il+i*0.5)*ra)+(v*i*0.5)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency=  87.8312542029  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.25, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=196#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "stray_loss=720#W\n",
-      "rsh=55#ohm\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "inpute=output/e\n",
-      "total_loss=inpute-output\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "constant_loss=cu_loss+stray_loss\n",
-      "culoss_a=total_loss-constant_loss\n",
-      "ra=culoss_a/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "I=math.sqrt(constant_loss/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency\",I,\" A\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency 122.283568103  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.26, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "p=22*1000#w\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "I=p/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+I\n",
-      "vdseries=ia*rseries\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*rseries)+(rsh*ish*ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=(p/efficiency)-p\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "T=(p/efficiency*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)iron and friction loss= \",strayloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)Torque exerted by the prime mover= \",T,\" N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cu losses=  1584.44  W\n",
-        "b)iron and friction loss=  1415.56  W\n",
-        "c)Torque exerted by the prime mover=  238.853503185  N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.27, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=1#V(voltage drop per brush)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=i*r\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+(2*vdb)\n",
-      "totalpower=E*ia\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/totalpower\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced e.m.f.=  214.0  V\n",
-        "efficiency=  77.8816199377  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.28, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=100#ohm\n",
-      "ironloss=1000#W\n",
-      "frictionloss=500#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "totalra=ra+rseries+ri\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "copperloss=ia*ia*totalra\n",
-      "shculoss=ish*v\n",
-      "total_loss=copperloss+ironloss+frictionloss+shculoss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"F.L. efficiency of the machine= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "F.L. efficiency of the machine=  87.3089843128  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.29, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "ironloss=8#kW\n",
-      "r=0.25#reduction in speed\n",
-      "n_ironloss=5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([ironloss-(A*1+B*1**2),n_ironloss-(A*(1-r)+B*(1-r)**2)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]\n",
-      "we=ans[B]\n",
-      "wh2=ans[A]*0.5\n",
-      "we2=ans[B]*0.5**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)full speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)half speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh2,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we2,3),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)full speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 2.667 kW\n",
-        "We= 5.333 kW\n",
-        "ii)half speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 1.333 kW\n",
-        "We= 1.333 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.30, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "N=Symbol('N')\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "wh=250.0#w\n",
-      "we=100.0#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "A=wh/(n/60)\n",
-      "B=we/((n/60)**2)\n",
-      "new_loss=(wh+we)/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([new_loss-A*N-B*(N**2)],[N])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed at which total loss will be halved=\",ans[1],\"r.p.s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed at which total loss will be halved= (9.50045787200216,) r.p.s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.31, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=160.0#ohm\n",
-      "mechcoreloss=500.0#W\n",
-      "culoss=360.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "i=output/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+i\n",
-      "culossa=ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "totalloss=culoss+mechcoreloss+culossa\n",
-      "inputp=output+totalloss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inputp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power required= \",inputp*0.001,\" kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficinecy= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power required=  11.9780166667  kW\n",
-        "efficinecy=  83.486275552  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.32, Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=110*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.002#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "E=v+ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf=  226.024  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.33 Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "E=216.0#V\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "slots=144\n",
-      "con=6\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=con*slots\n",
-      "a=p\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "armatureE=(phi*z*n2*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the armature emf= \",armatureE,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the armature emf=  360.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.34 Page Number:933"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ar=p*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature resistance=\",ar"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature resistance= 0.6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_cTtPTGc.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_cTtPTGc.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 894eff9f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_cTtPTGc.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:9895a0f3fc78aa13cc793dfc60b4d616a3af11e4983465d122ac29be7197893e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 25: Elements of Electro-Mechanical Energy Conversion"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.1, Page Number:876"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sod=15#stator-core outer diameter\n",
-      "sid=10.05#stator-core inner diameter\n",
-      "rod=10.00#rotor-core outer diameter\n",
-      "rid=5#rotor-core inner diameter\n",
-      "a=8#axial lenght of the machine\n",
-      "b=1.20\n",
-      "ur=1000\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=(3.14/4)*((sod*sod)-(sid*sid))*a#volume of stator-core\n",
-      "vr=(3.14/4)*((rod*rod)-(rid*rid))*a#volume of rotor-core\n",
-      "va=(3.14/4)*((sid*sid)-(rod*rod))*a#volume of air-gap in the machine\n",
-      "ed=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7))\n",
-      "e=ed*va*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "edm=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)*ur)\n",
-      "es=edm*vs*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "er=edm*vr*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "kr=(vs+vr)/vs\n",
-      "ke=(es+er)/e\n",
-      "ratio=kr/ke\n",
-      "eratio=e/(es+er)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in air gap= \",e,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in stator-core= \",round(es,2),\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in rotor core= \",er,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores=\",round(eratio)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Energy stored in air gap=  3.609  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in stator-core=  0.45  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in rotor core=  0.27  Joules\n",
-        "Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores= 5.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.2, Page Number:877"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#turns\n",
-      "area=5*5#cross sectional area\n",
-      "i=1.25#amp\n",
-      "x=0.25#cm\n",
-      "l=0.402\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p=4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)/(0.5*10**(-2))\n",
-      "l=n**2*p\n",
-      "em=.5*i*i*l\n",
-      "W=-1*0.5*n**2*4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)*i**2/(0.5*10**(-2))**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)coil inductance=\",l,\"H\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)field energy stored=\",em,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)mechanical energy output=\",W,\"NW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)coil inductance= 0.40192 H\n",
-        "  ii)field energy stored= 0.314 J\n",
-        "b)mechanical energy output= -62.8 NW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.4, Page Number:882"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "lo=50#mH\n",
-      "xo=0.05#cm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.075#cm\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "x2=0.15#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "l1=2*lo/(1+(x/xo))\n",
-      "lambda1=l1*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "W=0.5*l1*i2**2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "l2=2*lo/(1+(x2/xo))\n",
-      "lambda2=l2*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "w2=0.5*i2*(lambda1-lambda2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",W,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic stored energy=\",w2,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.5, Page Number:883"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rc=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=3#V\n",
-      "i=6#A\n",
-      "l1=40#mH\n",
-      "l2=25#mH\n",
-      "wfld=0.5*l2*i*i*0.001\n",
-      "delE=0.5*i*i*0.001*(l1-l2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",wfld,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic store energy=\",delE,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)magnetic stored energy= 0.45 J\n",
-        "b)change in magnetic store energy= 0.27 J\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_cZSZMxi.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_cZSZMxi.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ce13ea95..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_cZSZMxi.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:072a977ff7e7f41108f647b699866e16f58bf91b148a03cefc5a07bc1eeda05b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 30:Speed Control of D.C. Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.1, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "n=250#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "ra=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "ia2=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 320.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.2, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 828.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=80.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "r1=(n2*eb1*v)/(n*eb2*ish1)\n",
-      "r=r1-rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/r1\n",
-      "torque_ratio=ish2*ia2/(ish1*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torque=\",torque_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 68.9506880734 ohm\n",
-        "ratio of torque= 1.25411235955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/(rf+r)\n",
-      "ia2=ia*1/ish2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ish2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"new armature current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 2939.0 rpm\n",
-        "new armature current= 40.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.5, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rt=Symbol('rt')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=solve(((n2*eb1*(v/rt))/(n*(v-(ia*ra/(v/rt)))))-1,rt)\n",
-      "r=rt[0]-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 88.3128987990058 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.6, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=1+0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "x=solve((ratio*eb1/((v-ia*ra*x)*x))-1,x)\n",
-      "per=1-1/x[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"main flux has to be reduced by=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "main flux has to be reduced by= 37.2991677469778 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.7, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=10#kW\n",
-      "i=41#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rw=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio1=1-0.50\n",
-      "n=2500\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ratio1*ia1/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*(ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"motor speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 26.0 A\n",
-        "motor speed= 2987.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.8, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "n=850#rpm\n",
-      "ia=72.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "n2=1650#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=40#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ratio=(n*eb2)/(n2*eb1)\n",
-      "per=1-ratio\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 46.5636857585 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.9, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ia2=solve((((v-ra*ia2)*ia2)/(eb1*ratio*ia))-1,ia2)\n",
-      "per=ia/ia2[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mail flux should be reduced by=\",round(per,4)*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mail flux should be reduced by= 62.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.10, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=ratio*(v-ia*ra)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in the series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in the series= 5.25 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.11, Page Number:1036"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-i_f)*ra\n",
-      "kpsi=eb0/1000\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n1=eb1/kpsi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n1,1),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 966.2 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.12, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "i2=20#A\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb/n\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/(ia)-ra\n",
-      "eb3=v-i2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 1.15 ohm\n",
-        "speed= 922.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.13, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.48#kW\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=990#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2#A\n",
-      "n2=450#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "losses=input_p-load*1000\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "loss_nl=losses-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "eb1=v-20-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb1/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "total_loss=ia**2*(r+ra)+loss+loss_nl\n",
-      "output=input_p-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor input=\",input_p/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor input= 8.5 kW\n",
-        "armature current= 36.6363636364 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.93403113016 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 41.6691237902 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.14, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb1=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=990.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in series= 4.55353535354 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 83
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.15, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k2=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "rf1=v/if1\n",
-      "rf2=v/if2\n",
-      "r=rf2-rf1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 100.0 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.16, Page Number:1039"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=22.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k1=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "if2=n2*ia/n\n",
-      "ia2=solve(v-ra*ia2-(k1*ia*if1*n2)/ia2,ia2)\n",
-      "if2=ia*if1/ia2[0]\n",
-      "r=v/if2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new field resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new field resistance to be added= 306.828780053869 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.17, Page Number:1040"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "output=25#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-if1\n",
-      "il=ratio*ia\n",
-      "r=v/il\n",
-      "r_ext=r-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",round(r_ext,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 1.341 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.18, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=17.5#A\n",
-      "n2=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",round(r,1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 4.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.19, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ra=1.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=500#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4#A\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=26#A\n",
-      "r=2.3#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2_=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "n2__=n*eb2/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%=\",round(n2__),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected= 831.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%= 978.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.20, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=ia2=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia2/2\n",
-      "n3=n*(v-ia3*rt)/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 771.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.21, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=20#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=1.0/2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at half full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 550.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at half full-load torque= 588.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 137
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.22, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=30.0#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at double full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 427.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at double full-load torque= 317.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.23, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "n=750.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=250.0#N-m\n",
-      "r=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t1=load/(2*3.14*(n/60))\n",
-      "ia1=load/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*math.sqrt(t2/t1)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia1*n/(eb1*ia2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which machine will run=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which machine will run= 381.789716486 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.24, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=7.46*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2.0#A\n",
-      "n2=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=output/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-20-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "input_m=(v)*(ia2+ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_cu_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_loss-total_cu_loss\n",
-      "stray_loss2=stray_loss*n2/n\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia1**2*rt\n",
-      "total_loss2=stray_loss2+cu_loss_f+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "output2=input_m-total_loss2\n",
-      "efficiency=output2*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"overall efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 4460.66115702 W\n",
-        "armature current= 36.5330578512 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.42352222599 ohm\n",
-        "overall efficiency= 52.619059225 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.25, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=15.0#A\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "n2=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=((v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia)-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia/2\n",
-      "eb3=v-ia3*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 615.584415584 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.26, Page Number:1045"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "inl=3.5#A\n",
-      "il=59.5#A\n",
-      "rf=267.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2.0#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.02\n",
-      "speed_ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=inl-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra-vd\n",
-      "ia2=il-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-vd\n",
-      "n1_by_n2=eb1*(1-ratio)/eb2\n",
-      "per_change=(1-1/n1_by_n2)*100\n",
-      "r=solve(eb2*speed_ratio/(eb2-ia2*r)-1,r)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"change in speed=\",per_change,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r[0],\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "change in speed= 0.83357557339 %\n",
-        "resistance to be added= 3.33092370774547 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*(n2/n)**2\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resustance that must be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resustance that must be added= 1.32708333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "i_permissible=i*ratio\n",
-      "ia_per=i_permissible-ish\n",
-      "ra_total=v/ia_per\n",
-      "r_required=ra_total-ra\n",
-      "torque=ratio*ta\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_required,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed at starting=\",torque,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "net torque= 365.403326173 N-m\n",
-        "starting resistance= 0.913513513514 ohm\n",
-        "torque developed at starting= 548.104989259 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.29, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "rf=40.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=55.0#A\n",
-      "n=595.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.58#ohm\n",
-      "n2=630.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia_=15.0#A\n",
-      "rd=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ra1=r+ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra1*ia1\n",
-      "ia2=ia1\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*(n2/n)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia1\n",
-      "eb2_=v-ia_*ra1\n",
-      "n2=eb2_*n/eb1\n",
-      "eb3=eb1\n",
-      "IR=v-eb3-ia2*ra\n",
-      "pd=v-IR\n",
-      "i_d=pd/rd\n",
-      "i=ia2+i_d\n",
-      "R=IR/i\n",
-      "I=solve(rd*(I-ia_)-v+R*I,I)\n",
-      "eb4=v-R*I[0]-ia_*ra\n",
-      "n4=n*(eb4/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature circuit resistance should be reduced by=\",ra1-r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when Ia=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"value of series resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor current falls to 15A=\",n4,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature circuit resistance should be reduced by= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "speed when Ia= 668.5 rpm\n",
-        "value of series resistance= 0.344418052257 ohm\n",
-        "speed when motor current falls to 15A= 636.922222222222 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.31, Page Number:1051"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=math.sqrt(2*2**0.5*i**2)\n",
-      "n2=n*2*i/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n",
-        "current= 25.2268924576 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.32, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=707#rpm\n",
-      "ia1=100#A\n",
-      "v=85#V\n",
-      "rf=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ra_total=ra+(2*rf)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra_total\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**0.5\n",
-      "rf=rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)*(2*ia1/ia2)\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n/n2)*eb2))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1029.46885374 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.171040764009 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.33, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "R=v/ia-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at starting=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at 1000 rpm\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added at starting= 5.7 ohm\n",
-        "resistance to be added at 1000 rpm 1.9 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.34, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=20.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**(3.0/4.0)\n",
-      "n2=n*ratio*ia1/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 33.6358566101 A\n",
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.35, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=350.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia*(n2/n)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "V=solve((n2*eb1*ia2/(n*ia))+ia2-V,V)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage=\",V[0],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " current= 35.7142857143 A\n",
-        "voltage= 433.673469387755 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.36, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=10.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.70\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "r_total=ra+rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-r_total*ia\n",
-      "n2=(eb2*n/(eb1*ratio))\n",
-      "    \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1444.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.37, Page Number:1054"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=(ratio*2*ia**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/ia2)*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 777.147765122 rpm\n",
-        "speed= 69.2820323028 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.38, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#when divertor is added\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+4*r)\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*(ra+rd)/rd)**0.5\n",
-      "ra_=rd*ra/(ra+rd)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra_\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*3/(2*ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#rearranged field coils in two series and parallel group\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*2)**0.5\n",
-      "r=ra+r\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*r\n",
-      "n2_=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/(ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when divertor was added=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when field coils are rearranged=\",n2_,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when divertor was added= 1112.87640676 rpm\n",
-        "speed when field coils are rearranged= 1275.19533144 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.39, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "rf=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=20#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-il*(ra+rf/4)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(1/(1-ratio))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1162.92198261 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.40, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=200.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rd=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=ra+rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "i2=solve(((rd+rf)*i2**2)-(v*i2)-(i**2*rd),i2)\n",
-      "pd=v-i2[1]*rf\n",
-      "ia2=((rd+rf)*i2[1]-v)/rd\n",
-      "eb2=pd-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(i/i2[1])*n\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 342.848235418389 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.41, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "r=3#ohm\n",
-      "i2=15#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-(r+ra)*i2\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)/ratio\n",
-      "power_ratio=(n*i)/(n2*i2*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of power outputs=\",power_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 1349.65437788 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of power outputs= 1.48186086214\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.42, Page Number:1057"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "I=(i**2*ratio**3)**0.5\n",
-      "eb2=I*ratio*v/i\n",
-      "R=(v-eb2)/I\n",
-      "pa=v*i/1000\n",
-      "power_n=pa*ratio**4\n",
-      "pa=eb2*I\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resistance required=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Resistance required= 7.26432660412 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.44, Page Number:1060"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "n2=550#rpm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi1=eb1/n\n",
-      "eb2=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi2=eb2/n2\n",
-      "eb_=v-i*2*r\n",
-      "n=eb_/((eb1/n2)+(eb2/n))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 248.120300752 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.45, Page Number:1061"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ratio1=5.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "t=882#N-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "k=v/(n*i/60)\n",
-      "I=(t/((ratio1+ratio2)*0.159*k))**0.5\n",
-      "nsh=v/((ratio1+ratio2)*k*I)\n",
-      "eb1=ratio1*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "eb2=ratio2*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",I,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of shaft=\",round(nsh*60),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage across the motors=\",round(eb1),\"V,\",round(eb2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 49.5202984449 A\n",
-        "speed of shaft= 134.0 rpm\n",
-        "voltage across the motors= 139.0 V, 111.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.46, Page Number:1063"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "t=700#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.008#ohm\n",
-      "rf=55#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=375#N-m\n",
-      "n2=1050#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*t/60\n",
-      "power_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "im=power_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=im-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*t2/t\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=eb2/ia2-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"dynamic break resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "dynamic break resistance= 0.795525014538 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 118
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.47, Page Number:1064"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "n=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.746\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "eb=v-I*ra\n",
-      "vt=v+eb\n",
-      "i_max=2*I\n",
-      "r=vt/i_max\n",
-      "R=r-ra\n",
-      "N=n/60\n",
-      "phizp_by_a=eb/N\n",
-      "k4=phizp_by_a*v/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "k3=phizp_by_a**2/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "tb=k4+k3*N\n",
-      "tb0=k4\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"breaking resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque=\",tb,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque when N=0 =\",tb0,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "breaking resistance= 6.1 ohm\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque= 1028.3970276 N-m\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque when N=0 = 522.360394972 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.48, Page Number:1069"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=120#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "l=20*0.001#H\n",
-      "ka=0.05#V/rpm motor constant\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vt=ia*ra\n",
-      "alpha=vt/v\n",
-      "#when alpha=1\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "N=eb/ka\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"range of speed control=\",0,\"to\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"range of duty cycle=\",(alpha),\"to\",1"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " range of speed control= 0 to 2200.0 rpm\n",
-        "range of duty cycle= 0.0833333333333 to 1\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.49, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=ratio*i\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r_start=r1-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_start,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 2.78842716711 ohm\n",
-        "back emf= 66.6666666667 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 125
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.50, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r1=v/ia\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.812 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.215 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.815 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.546 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.366 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.246 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.51, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=6\n",
-      "load=3.73#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=output-load\n",
-      "cu_loss=total_loss*ratio\n",
-      "i=output*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-i1\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss*1000/ia**2\n",
-      "i_per=i*2\n",
-      "ia_per=i_per-i1\n",
-      "r1=v/ia_per\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.627 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.709 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.468 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.309 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.52, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "load=36.775#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.05\n",
-      "rsh=200#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=input_m*ratio\n",
-      "cu_loss_sh=v**2/rsh\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=cu_loss-cu_loss_sh\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss_a/ia**2\n",
-      "k=(v/(ia*ra))**(1.0/(n))\n",
-      "i1=k*ia\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.974 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.36 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.219 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.133 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.0 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.081 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.53, Page Number:1082"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.125#ohm\n",
-      "i2=150.0#A\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve((i1/i2)**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r6/k\n",
-      "r8=r7/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-r8\n",
-      "p8=r8-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 8th section=\",round(p8,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.313 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.234 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.176 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.132 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.099 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.056 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 8th section= 0.042 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.54, Page Number:1083"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=20\n",
-      "ra=1.31#ohm\n",
-      "t=218#N-m\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "slot=60\n",
-      "phi=23*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=t/(0.159*phi*slot*z)\n",
-      "i1=ia*ratio\n",
-      "i2=ia\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve(k**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 2.237 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.491 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.994 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.678 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.55, Page Number:1084"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "drop=0.02\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "i_per=1.30\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=i_per*il\n",
-      "vd=drop*v\n",
-      "rm=vd/il\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r=(r1-rm)/6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of each rheostat=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of each rheostat= 0.615721729566 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 165
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.56, Page Number:1085"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=55.95#kW\n",
-      "v=650.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.51#ohm\n",
-      "i1=140.0#A\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "per=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=((per+1)/ratio-per)*r1\n",
-      "r3=(per+1)*r2/ratio-per*r1\n",
-      "r4=((per+1)*r3/ratio)-per*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"number of steps=\",3\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "number of steps= 3\n",
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.364 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 1.17 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 170
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_e3fJkOS.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_e3fJkOS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99cfc3c1..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_e3fJkOS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1258 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:add10f49c90b647cf79b01d40fd4e1ca71068a8e9a13aad0c70f06cfeaabeda4"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 35: Computations and Circle Diagrams"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.1, Page Number:1316"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "p=450#W\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "loss=135#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*r\n",
-      "core_loss=p-loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "volt=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "g=core_loss/(3*(v/math.sqrt(3))**2)\n",
-      "y=i*math.sqrt(3)/v\n",
-      "b=math.sqrt(y**2-g**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"exciting conductance=\",g,\"seimens/phase\"\n",
-      "print \"susceptance/phase=\",b,\"seimens/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "exciting conductance= 0.0247933884298 seimens/phase\n",
-        "susceptance/phase= 0.155494939853 seimens/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.2, Page Number:1317"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110.0#V\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "v2=30.0#V\n",
-      "inpt=440.0#W\n",
-      "loss=40.0#W\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=vs/i\n",
-      "losses=inpt-loss\n",
-      "r01=losses/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "dc_r=r/2.0\n",
-      "ac_r=dc_r*ratio\n",
-      "effective_r=r01-ac_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r1=\",ac_r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",effective_r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "x01= 0.659157711696 ohm\n",
-        "r1= 0.08 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.133333333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.10, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=1/4.0\n",
-      "slip=3.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=math.sqrt(ratio/((ratio2**2)*0.01*slip))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Percentage Tapping=\",K*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Percentage Tapping= 72.1687836487 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.11, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "n=950#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=v1/math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "If=6*v*i/v1\n",
-      "K=v/v1\n",
-      "kisc=K**2*6*i\n",
-      "ts_tf=(1/6.0)*6**2*(f/1000.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)current=\",If,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)line current=\",kisc,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)percentage=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)voltage= 298.142397 V\n",
-        "b)current= 134.16407865 A\n",
-        "c)line current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "d)percentage= 30.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.12, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=5.0\n",
-      "per=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(ratio/3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(3.0/5)*5**2*0.01*per*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",tst_tf,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 75.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.13, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "per=3.5\n",
-      "v2=92.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(2/(v/v2))\n",
-      "ts_tf=k**2*(v/v2)**2*0.01*per\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 30.4347826087 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.14, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=12.0#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i=45.0#A\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "if_=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*pf*v)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/if_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 2.244\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.15, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=60.0#A\n",
-      "n1=940.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=150.0#N-m\n",
-      "i2=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=(1000-n1)/1000\n",
-      "tst=t*(i2/i)**2*sf\n",
-      "s_i=i2/3\n",
-      "sd_tst=tst/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print\"when star/delta is used:\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",s_i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",sd_tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Starting torque= 225.0 N-m\n",
-        "when star/delta is used:\n",
-        "starting current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 75.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.16, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "tapping=70.7\n",
-      "ratio=6.0\n",
-      "slip=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tst_tf=(1.0/3.0)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "tst_tf2=(1.0/2)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star-delta switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformer switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "star-delta switch:starting torque= 48.0 %\n",
-        "auto-transformer switch:starting torque= 72.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.17, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11.2#W\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=960.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=86.4#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*pf*math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "iph=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(ist*math.sqrt(3)/il)**2*0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting torque= 26.6369577796 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.18, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "iscp=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=iscp/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 1.23388000387\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.19, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.73*1000#W\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=4.5\n",
-      "t=250.0\n",
-      "i=650.0\n",
-      "tap=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=i/3\n",
-      "im=i/3\n",
-      "tst=t/3\n",
-      "ilm=(tap/100)**2*i\n",
-      "imk=(tap/100)*i\n",
-      "tstk=(tap/100)**2*t\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star/delta:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",im,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"60% taps:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ilm,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",imk,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tstk,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " star/delta:\n",
-        "line current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "motor current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 83.3333333333 %\n",
-        "60% taps:\n",
-        "line current= 234.0 %\n",
-        "motor current= 390.0 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.20, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=180.0\n",
-      "flt=35.0\n",
-      "tap=75.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=load*3.0/100\n",
-      "isck=tap**2*isc/100\n",
-      "sf=flt*3\n",
-      "tst_tf=tap**2*sf/100\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",isck,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf/100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 303.75 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 59.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.21, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=7.46#kW\n",
-      "ic=1.7\n",
-      "t=35.0\n",
-      "ratio=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=t*3/100\n",
-      "il1=ic*3\n",
-      "tst=(ratio/1000)**2*sf*10000\n",
-      "il2=(ratio/100)*3*ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"auto-starter:\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current=\",il1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage decreased to 60%\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current\",il2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-starter:\n",
-        "line-current= 5.1 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n",
-        "voltage decreased to 60%\n",
-        "line-current 3.06 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.22, Page Number:1342"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slip=2.0\n",
-      "r=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=6.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "smax=r2=slip/100.0\n",
-      "R1=r2/smax\n",
-      "K=math.pow(smax,1.0/5)\n",
-      "R2=K*R1\n",
-      "R3=K*R2\n",
-      "R4=K*R3\n",
-      "R5=K*R4\n",
-      "p1=R1-R2\n",
-      "p2=R2-R3\n",
-      "p3=R3-R4\n",
-      "p4=R4-R5\n",
-      "p5=R5-r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistances of various starter sections:\"\n",
-      "print \"p1=\",p1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p2=\",p2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p3=\",p3,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p4=\",p4,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p5=\",p5,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistances of various starter sections:\n",
-        "p1= 0.542694948073 ohm\n",
-        "p2= 0.248177141409 ohm\n",
-        "p3= 0.113492660539 ohm\n",
-        "p4= 0.0519007670213 ohm\n",
-        "p5= 0.0237344829577 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.23, Page Number:1345"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "primary=complex(1,3)\n",
-      "outer=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.6,5)\n",
-      "s=4\n",
-      "outer2=complex(3/(s*0.01),1)\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.6/(s*0.01),5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer)+(1/inner))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=4\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer2)+(1/inner2))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=4: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1: torque= 35065.3642462 synch watt\n",
-        "s=4: torque= 32129.9449695 synch watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.24, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.4,2)\n",
-      "outer=complex(2,0.4)\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.4/(s*0.01),2)\n",
-      "outer2=complex(2/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer)\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner.imag/outer.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zo/zi)**2\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=1:\",to_ti\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=5\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner2)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer2)\n",
-      "print zi\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner2.imag/outer2.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zi/zo)**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=5:\",to_ti"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=1: 5.0\n",
-        "8.24621125124\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=5: 0.212478752125\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.25, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05,0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5,0.1)\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.01\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5/(s*0.01),0.1)\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=5:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 22307.6923077 synch watts\n",
-        "s=5:torque= 9620.58966517 synch watts\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.26, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=Symbol('s')\n",
-      "z2=complex(2,1.2)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0.5,3.5)\n",
-      "#Z1=((2/s)^2+1.2^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#Z2=((0.5/s)^2+3.5^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#T1=T2\n",
-      "ans=solve([(((2**2)/(s**2))+1.2**2)-((((0.5**2)/(s**2))+3.5**2)*4)],[s])\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",round(ans[1][0]*100,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 25.1 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.27, Page Number:1347"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zo=complex(1,0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.15,3)\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "stator=complex(0.25,3.5)\n",
-      "z01=z2+stator\n",
-      "i=complex(v,0)/z01\n",
-      "i=abs(i)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z01.real\n",
-      "T=cu_loss*3/(2*math.pi*(n/60))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",T,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 135.560320318 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.28, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z1=complex(1,2.8)\n",
-      "zo=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5,5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.04\n",
-      "zo=complex(3.0/s,1.0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5/s,5.0)\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=4:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 12388.3258184 synch. watt\n",
-        "s=4:torque= 11489.1141244 synch. watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.29, Page Number:1351"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1440.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1320.0#rpm\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/4.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n1)/ns\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.6 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.30, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "s1=s\n",
-      "n1=ns*(1-s1)\n",
-      "n2=n1-10*n1/100\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.646666666667 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.31, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/6\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f_=sa*f\n",
-      "n_=(120*f_)/4\n",
-      "sb=(n_-n)/n_\n",
-      "f__=sb*f_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resu;t\n",
-      "print \"f_=\",f_,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"f_ _=\",f__,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "f_= 20.6 Hz\n",
-        "f_ _= 1.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.32, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f2=1.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "s=f2/f\n",
-      "n=nsc-s*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/4\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f1=sa*f\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "sb=(n2-n)/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 60.8 %\n",
-        "sb= 3.28947368421 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.33, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=74.6#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 29.84 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 79
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.34, Page Number:1355"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 10 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_eA2iMeu.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_eA2iMeu.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cee05..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_eA2iMeu.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1433 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:62e227cc38186a0706017dd159987c82bd21be1d7e8602e20c55cf079ab30efe"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 33: Transformer:Three Phase"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.1, Page Number:1216"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vd=22000.0#V\n",
-      "vs=400.0#V\n",
-      "phi=0.8\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "v_phase_secondary=vs/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=(vs/vd)/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_primary=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_secondary=i_primary/K\n",
-      "il=i_secondary\n",
-      "output=math.sqrt(3)*il*vs*phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output=\",output/10000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output= 15.2420471066 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.2, Page Number:1217"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vls=11.0#kV\n",
-      "vld=33.0#kV\n",
-      "rh=35.0#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.876#ohm\n",
-      "iron_loss=3050.0#W\n",
-      "phi1=1.0\n",
-      "phi2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=(vls*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vld*1000)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i_Secondary=(w*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vls*1000)\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "fl_culoss=3*((w/(vls*math.sqrt(3)))**2)*r02\n",
-      "fl_totalloss=fl_culoss+iron_loss\n",
-      "fl_efficiency1=w*1000/(w*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "fl_efficiency2=(phi2*w*1000)/(w*phi2*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "cu_loss=.5**2*fl_culoss\n",
-      "totalloss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency1=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000*phi2/2)/((phi2*w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",fl_efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",fl_efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",round(efficiency2*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.5147491838 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.1503046336 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.3585709725 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.3, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.02\n",
-      "va=2000\n",
-      "reactance=0.1\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*100*va/100\n",
-      "regn=r*100*math.cos(phi)+reactance*100*math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Cu loss= 40.0 kW\n",
-        "Regulation= 7.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.4, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=120.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0\n",
-      "v2=400.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=1600.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss_fl=iron_loss*((4/3)**2)\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf*1000\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "efficiency1=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss_hl=0.5**2*cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "total_loss2=cu_loss_hl+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+total_loss2)\n",
-      "total_loss3=2*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(3.0/4)*w*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output+total_loss3\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"3/4 load efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "3/4 load efficiency= 96.5665236052 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.5, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rp=8.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "z=0.07\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "v1=33.0\n",
-      "v2=6.6\n",
-      "w=2*10.0**6\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "fl_i=w/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*10**3)\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rs+(rp*(K*K))\n",
-      "z_drop=z*v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z02=z_drop/fl_i\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt((z02*z02)-(r02*r02))\n",
-      "drop=fl_i*(r02*math.cos(phi)+x02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "V2=secondary_v-drop\n",
-      "line_v=V2*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/secondary_v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage\",line_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary voltage 6254.29059005 V\n",
-        "regulation= 5.23802136291 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.6, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=100.0#kWA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "rh=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.958\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=0.8*100\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=(inpt-output)*1000\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i2=((w*1000)/math.sqrt(3))/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ironloss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.0371411080502\n",
-        "2321.31925314\n",
-        "ironloss= 1185.98763622 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.7, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=5000.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6.6#kV\n",
-      "v2=33.0#kV\n",
-      "nl=15.0#kW\n",
-      "fl=50.0#kW\n",
-      "drop=0.07\n",
-      "load=3200.0#kw\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i2=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*1000)\n",
-      "impedence_drop=drop*(v2/math.sqrt(3))*1000\n",
-      "z02=impedence_drop/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=fl-nl\n",
-      "r02=cu_loss*1000/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt(z02**2-r02**2)\n",
-      "print \"full-load x02:\",x02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#when load=3200#kW\n",
-      "i2=load/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*0.8)\n",
-      "drop_=drop*1000*(r02*math.cos(phi)+z02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "regn=(drop_*100)/(v2*1000/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "vp=v1+regn/100*v1\n",
-      "print \"Primary voltage=\",vp*1000,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load x02: 15.1695784661\n",
-        "Primary voltage= 6851.39317975 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 95
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.8, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1\n",
-      "x=6\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=4800#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)+z*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2+regn/100*v2\n",
-      "secondary_vp=secondary_v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=secondary_vp/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Transformation Ratio=\",K"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Transformation Ratio= 0.423426587968\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.9, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "scv=400#V\n",
-      "sci=175#A\n",
-      "scw=17#kW\n",
-      "ocv=400#V\n",
-      "oci=150#A\n",
-      "ocw=15#kW\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=sci/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=scv/i1\n",
-      "r01=scw*1000/(3*i1*i1)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "r=i1*r01*100/v1\n",
-      "x=i1*x01*100/v1\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)-x*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "I1=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "total_loss=scw+ocw\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"% resistance=\",r,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% reactance=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"%regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "% resistance= 0.849779616989 %\n",
-        "% reactance= 6.00073499035 %\n",
-        "% efficiency= 98.0392156863 %\n",
-        "%regulation= -2.92061730062 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.10, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "secondary_rating=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "primary_i=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "voltsamps=v1*5/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i2=voltsamps/secondary_rating\n",
-      "output=pf*voltsamps/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Each coil current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Total output=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Each coil current= 125.0 A\n",
-        "Total output= 25.4034118443 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.12, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_per_transformer=load/2*1.15\n",
-      "delta_delta_rating=kVA_per_transformer*3\n",
-      "increase=(delta_delta_rating-load)*100/load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase=\",increase,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase= 72.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 126
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.13, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=20#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#v\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva_load=load/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "percent_rated=kva_load*100/w\n",
-      "kvarating_vv=2*w*0.866\n",
-      "vv_delta=kvarating_vv*100/60\n",
-      "percentage_increase=kva_load/(load/3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load of each transformer=\",kva_load,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer=\",percent_rated,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank\",kvarating_vv,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank\",vv_delta,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)percent increase in load=\",percentage_increase*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load of each transformer= 23.0940107676 kVA\n",
-        "ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer= 115.470053838 %\n",
-        "iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank 34.64 kVA\n",
-        "iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank 57.7333333333 %\n",
-        "v)percent increase in load= 177.646236674 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.14, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(pf*math.sqrt(3)*1000)\n",
-      "ip=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=v1/v\n",
-      "ip=ip*ratio\n",
-      "I=il\n",
-      "Ip=I*ratio\n",
-      "pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"delta-delta:current in the windings=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"v-v:current in the windings=\",Ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Power factor\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "delta-delta:current in the windings= 28.8683602771 A\n",
-        "v-v:current in the windings= 50.0014667312 A\n",
-        "Power factor 0.749956\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.15, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#kW\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "transformer_pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "additional_load=72.5/100*load\n",
-      "total_load=additional_load+load\n",
-      "il=total_load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Il=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"phase current=\",il/math.sqrt(3),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Il= 339.521323075 A\n",
-        "phase current= 196.022727273 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.16, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_each=(load/2)/pf\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p1=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30-phi))\n",
-      "p2=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30+phi))\n",
-      "p=p1+p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA supplied by each transformer=\",kVA_each,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"kW supplied by each transformer=\",p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA supplied by each transformer= 230.946882217 kVA\n",
-        "kW supplied by each transformer= 399.995027715 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 136
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.17, Page Number:1228"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=33.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "ilp=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "ils=ilp/(440/v2)\n",
-      "main_kva=v2*ilp*0.001\n",
-      "teaser_kva=0.866*main_kva\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage rating of each coil=\",vl\n",
-      "print \"current rating of each coil=\",ils\n",
-      "print \"main kVA=\",main_kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"teaser kVA=\",teaser_kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage rating of each coil= 2857.8\n",
-        "current rating of each coil= 43.3012701892\n",
-        "main kVA= 19.0525588833 kVA\n",
-        "teaser kVA= 16.4995159929 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 139
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.18, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "output=150.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=v2/v\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/(2*v2)\n",
-      "i1=i2*ratio\n",
-      "primary_volts=(math.sqrt(3)*v)/2\n",
-      "ratio=v2/primary_volts\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"turns ratio\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 170.454545455 A\n",
-        "turns ratio 0.524863881081\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.19, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "p=400.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2=p*1000/(pf*v)\n",
-      "ip=1.15*K*i2\n",
-      "I2m=K*i2\n",
-      "i2=ip/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#reslult\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 174.77684841 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.20, Page Number:1232"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w1=300#kW\n",
-      "w2=450#kW\n",
-      "v1=100#V\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "v2=3300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2t=(w2*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "I2m=(K*w1*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i2=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 169.804606659 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.21, Page Number:1233"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=80.0#V\n",
-      "v2=11000.0#V\n",
-      "w1=500.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=800.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"unity pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n",
-      "#0.5 pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "print \"0.5 pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "unity pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 52.2727272727 A whereas the other 2 carry 77.281082436 A each\n",
-        "0.5 pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 104.545454545 A whereas the other 2 carry 154.562164872 A each\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 171
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.22, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=50#V\n",
-      "v2=4.6*1000#V\n",
-      "load=350#kW\n",
-      "w=200#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "i2t=w*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=load*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "Ki2m=K*i2m\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(Ki2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in line A=\",i1t\n",
-      "print \"current in line B=\",i1m\n",
-      "print \"current in line C=\",i1m"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in line A= 62.5\n",
-        "current in line B= 100.11107076\n",
-        "current in line C= 100.11107076\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 173
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.23, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=231#V\n",
-      "v2=6600#v\n",
-      "volt_induced=8#v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "hv=v2/volt_induced\n",
-      "vl=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "n_lv1=vl/volt_induced\n",
-      "n_lv2=math.sqrt(3)*n_lv1/2\n",
-      "n=2*n_lv2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"neutral point is located on the\",math.ceil(n),\"th turn from A downwards\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "neutral point is located on the 29.0 th turn from A downwards\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.24, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "area=300.0#cm2\n",
-      "flux=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v/(4.44*f*flux*area*0.0001*0.9)\n",
-      "K=v2/v\n",
-      "n2=n1*K\n",
-      "n_lv=math.sqrt(3)*n2/2\n",
-      "turns=n_lv*2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"NUmber of turns in AN=\",math.floor(turns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " NUmber of turns in AN= 35.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 183
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.25, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "load=30.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "kva=il*vl*(0.001)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",vl,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage= 216.5 V\n",
-        "kVA rating 14.9995599935 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.26, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#vaiable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,5)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load*complex(math.cos(phi),math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "z1=za/zb\n",
-      "z2=zb/za\n",
-      "sa=s/(1+z1)\n",
-      "sb=s/(1+z2)\n",
-      "pfa=cmath.phase(sa)\n",
-      "pfb=cmath.phase(sb)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",abs(sa)\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",abs(sb)\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_a=\",pfa\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_b=\",pfb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 230.042839552\n",
-        "sb= 270.171613479\n",
-        "cos phi_a= 0.611765735265\n",
-        "cos phi_b= 0.670521557981\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.27, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "w1=4000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=5000#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,8)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.6,3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "za_per=(w1/w)*za\n",
-      "zb_per=zb\n",
-      "z=za_per+zb_per\n",
-      "s=complex(w1,w-w2)\n",
-      "sb=s*(za/z)\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (2284.2287695-1821.49046794j)\n",
-        "sb= (1715.7712305-1178.50953206j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 211
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.28, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "w1=1000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(0.001,0.003)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.0028,0.005)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (929.911014012-588.664867724j)\n",
-        "sb= (282.488985988-111.396729565j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.29, Page Number:1238"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "w1=500#kVA\n",
-      "w2=250#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "per_r=za.real*(sa.real)/w1\n",
-      "per_x=(za.imag)*(sa.imag)/w1\n",
-      "total_per=per_r+per_x\n",
-      "vl=v2-(total_per*4)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (399.511103547-348.770523615j)\n",
-        "sb= (130.738896453-181.639636072j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 242
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.30, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=100/5\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=i1*ratio\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 70.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.31, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=2000#A\n",
-      "i2=2500#A\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio1=i1/i\n",
-      "ratio2=i2/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio in first case=\",ratio1\n",
-      "print \"ratio in second case=\",ratio2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio in first case= 400\n",
-        "ratio in second case= 500\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_eYNgYIE.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_eYNgYIE.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cee05..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_eYNgYIE.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1433 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:62e227cc38186a0706017dd159987c82bd21be1d7e8602e20c55cf079ab30efe"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 33: Transformer:Three Phase"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.1, Page Number:1216"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vd=22000.0#V\n",
-      "vs=400.0#V\n",
-      "phi=0.8\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "v_phase_secondary=vs/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=(vs/vd)/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_primary=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_secondary=i_primary/K\n",
-      "il=i_secondary\n",
-      "output=math.sqrt(3)*il*vs*phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output=\",output/10000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output= 15.2420471066 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.2, Page Number:1217"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vls=11.0#kV\n",
-      "vld=33.0#kV\n",
-      "rh=35.0#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.876#ohm\n",
-      "iron_loss=3050.0#W\n",
-      "phi1=1.0\n",
-      "phi2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=(vls*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vld*1000)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i_Secondary=(w*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vls*1000)\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "fl_culoss=3*((w/(vls*math.sqrt(3)))**2)*r02\n",
-      "fl_totalloss=fl_culoss+iron_loss\n",
-      "fl_efficiency1=w*1000/(w*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "fl_efficiency2=(phi2*w*1000)/(w*phi2*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "cu_loss=.5**2*fl_culoss\n",
-      "totalloss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency1=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000*phi2/2)/((phi2*w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",fl_efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",fl_efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",round(efficiency2*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.5147491838 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.1503046336 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.3585709725 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.3, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.02\n",
-      "va=2000\n",
-      "reactance=0.1\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*100*va/100\n",
-      "regn=r*100*math.cos(phi)+reactance*100*math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Cu loss= 40.0 kW\n",
-        "Regulation= 7.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.4, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=120.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0\n",
-      "v2=400.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=1600.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss_fl=iron_loss*((4/3)**2)\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf*1000\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "efficiency1=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss_hl=0.5**2*cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "total_loss2=cu_loss_hl+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+total_loss2)\n",
-      "total_loss3=2*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(3.0/4)*w*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output+total_loss3\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"3/4 load efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "3/4 load efficiency= 96.5665236052 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.5, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rp=8.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "z=0.07\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "v1=33.0\n",
-      "v2=6.6\n",
-      "w=2*10.0**6\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "fl_i=w/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*10**3)\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rs+(rp*(K*K))\n",
-      "z_drop=z*v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z02=z_drop/fl_i\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt((z02*z02)-(r02*r02))\n",
-      "drop=fl_i*(r02*math.cos(phi)+x02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "V2=secondary_v-drop\n",
-      "line_v=V2*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/secondary_v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage\",line_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary voltage 6254.29059005 V\n",
-        "regulation= 5.23802136291 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.6, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=100.0#kWA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "rh=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.958\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=0.8*100\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=(inpt-output)*1000\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i2=((w*1000)/math.sqrt(3))/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ironloss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.0371411080502\n",
-        "2321.31925314\n",
-        "ironloss= 1185.98763622 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.7, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=5000.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6.6#kV\n",
-      "v2=33.0#kV\n",
-      "nl=15.0#kW\n",
-      "fl=50.0#kW\n",
-      "drop=0.07\n",
-      "load=3200.0#kw\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i2=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*1000)\n",
-      "impedence_drop=drop*(v2/math.sqrt(3))*1000\n",
-      "z02=impedence_drop/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=fl-nl\n",
-      "r02=cu_loss*1000/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt(z02**2-r02**2)\n",
-      "print \"full-load x02:\",x02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#when load=3200#kW\n",
-      "i2=load/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*0.8)\n",
-      "drop_=drop*1000*(r02*math.cos(phi)+z02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "regn=(drop_*100)/(v2*1000/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "vp=v1+regn/100*v1\n",
-      "print \"Primary voltage=\",vp*1000,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load x02: 15.1695784661\n",
-        "Primary voltage= 6851.39317975 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 95
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.8, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1\n",
-      "x=6\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=4800#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)+z*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2+regn/100*v2\n",
-      "secondary_vp=secondary_v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=secondary_vp/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Transformation Ratio=\",K"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Transformation Ratio= 0.423426587968\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.9, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "scv=400#V\n",
-      "sci=175#A\n",
-      "scw=17#kW\n",
-      "ocv=400#V\n",
-      "oci=150#A\n",
-      "ocw=15#kW\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=sci/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=scv/i1\n",
-      "r01=scw*1000/(3*i1*i1)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "r=i1*r01*100/v1\n",
-      "x=i1*x01*100/v1\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)-x*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "I1=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "total_loss=scw+ocw\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"% resistance=\",r,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% reactance=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"%regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "% resistance= 0.849779616989 %\n",
-        "% reactance= 6.00073499035 %\n",
-        "% efficiency= 98.0392156863 %\n",
-        "%regulation= -2.92061730062 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.10, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "secondary_rating=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "primary_i=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "voltsamps=v1*5/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i2=voltsamps/secondary_rating\n",
-      "output=pf*voltsamps/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Each coil current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Total output=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Each coil current= 125.0 A\n",
-        "Total output= 25.4034118443 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.12, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_per_transformer=load/2*1.15\n",
-      "delta_delta_rating=kVA_per_transformer*3\n",
-      "increase=(delta_delta_rating-load)*100/load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase=\",increase,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase= 72.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 126
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.13, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=20#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#v\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva_load=load/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "percent_rated=kva_load*100/w\n",
-      "kvarating_vv=2*w*0.866\n",
-      "vv_delta=kvarating_vv*100/60\n",
-      "percentage_increase=kva_load/(load/3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load of each transformer=\",kva_load,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer=\",percent_rated,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank\",kvarating_vv,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank\",vv_delta,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)percent increase in load=\",percentage_increase*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load of each transformer= 23.0940107676 kVA\n",
-        "ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer= 115.470053838 %\n",
-        "iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank 34.64 kVA\n",
-        "iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank 57.7333333333 %\n",
-        "v)percent increase in load= 177.646236674 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.14, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(pf*math.sqrt(3)*1000)\n",
-      "ip=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=v1/v\n",
-      "ip=ip*ratio\n",
-      "I=il\n",
-      "Ip=I*ratio\n",
-      "pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"delta-delta:current in the windings=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"v-v:current in the windings=\",Ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Power factor\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "delta-delta:current in the windings= 28.8683602771 A\n",
-        "v-v:current in the windings= 50.0014667312 A\n",
-        "Power factor 0.749956\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.15, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#kW\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "transformer_pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "additional_load=72.5/100*load\n",
-      "total_load=additional_load+load\n",
-      "il=total_load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Il=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"phase current=\",il/math.sqrt(3),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Il= 339.521323075 A\n",
-        "phase current= 196.022727273 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.16, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_each=(load/2)/pf\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p1=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30-phi))\n",
-      "p2=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30+phi))\n",
-      "p=p1+p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA supplied by each transformer=\",kVA_each,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"kW supplied by each transformer=\",p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA supplied by each transformer= 230.946882217 kVA\n",
-        "kW supplied by each transformer= 399.995027715 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 136
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.17, Page Number:1228"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=33.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "ilp=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "ils=ilp/(440/v2)\n",
-      "main_kva=v2*ilp*0.001\n",
-      "teaser_kva=0.866*main_kva\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage rating of each coil=\",vl\n",
-      "print \"current rating of each coil=\",ils\n",
-      "print \"main kVA=\",main_kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"teaser kVA=\",teaser_kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage rating of each coil= 2857.8\n",
-        "current rating of each coil= 43.3012701892\n",
-        "main kVA= 19.0525588833 kVA\n",
-        "teaser kVA= 16.4995159929 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 139
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.18, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "output=150.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=v2/v\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/(2*v2)\n",
-      "i1=i2*ratio\n",
-      "primary_volts=(math.sqrt(3)*v)/2\n",
-      "ratio=v2/primary_volts\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"turns ratio\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 170.454545455 A\n",
-        "turns ratio 0.524863881081\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.19, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "p=400.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2=p*1000/(pf*v)\n",
-      "ip=1.15*K*i2\n",
-      "I2m=K*i2\n",
-      "i2=ip/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#reslult\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 174.77684841 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.20, Page Number:1232"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w1=300#kW\n",
-      "w2=450#kW\n",
-      "v1=100#V\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "v2=3300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2t=(w2*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "I2m=(K*w1*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i2=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 169.804606659 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.21, Page Number:1233"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=80.0#V\n",
-      "v2=11000.0#V\n",
-      "w1=500.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=800.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"unity pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n",
-      "#0.5 pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "print \"0.5 pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "unity pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 52.2727272727 A whereas the other 2 carry 77.281082436 A each\n",
-        "0.5 pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 104.545454545 A whereas the other 2 carry 154.562164872 A each\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 171
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.22, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=50#V\n",
-      "v2=4.6*1000#V\n",
-      "load=350#kW\n",
-      "w=200#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "i2t=w*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=load*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "Ki2m=K*i2m\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(Ki2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in line A=\",i1t\n",
-      "print \"current in line B=\",i1m\n",
-      "print \"current in line C=\",i1m"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in line A= 62.5\n",
-        "current in line B= 100.11107076\n",
-        "current in line C= 100.11107076\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 173
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.23, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=231#V\n",
-      "v2=6600#v\n",
-      "volt_induced=8#v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "hv=v2/volt_induced\n",
-      "vl=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "n_lv1=vl/volt_induced\n",
-      "n_lv2=math.sqrt(3)*n_lv1/2\n",
-      "n=2*n_lv2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"neutral point is located on the\",math.ceil(n),\"th turn from A downwards\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "neutral point is located on the 29.0 th turn from A downwards\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.24, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "area=300.0#cm2\n",
-      "flux=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v/(4.44*f*flux*area*0.0001*0.9)\n",
-      "K=v2/v\n",
-      "n2=n1*K\n",
-      "n_lv=math.sqrt(3)*n2/2\n",
-      "turns=n_lv*2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"NUmber of turns in AN=\",math.floor(turns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " NUmber of turns in AN= 35.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 183
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.25, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "load=30.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "kva=il*vl*(0.001)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",vl,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage= 216.5 V\n",
-        "kVA rating 14.9995599935 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.26, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#vaiable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,5)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load*complex(math.cos(phi),math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "z1=za/zb\n",
-      "z2=zb/za\n",
-      "sa=s/(1+z1)\n",
-      "sb=s/(1+z2)\n",
-      "pfa=cmath.phase(sa)\n",
-      "pfb=cmath.phase(sb)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",abs(sa)\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",abs(sb)\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_a=\",pfa\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_b=\",pfb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 230.042839552\n",
-        "sb= 270.171613479\n",
-        "cos phi_a= 0.611765735265\n",
-        "cos phi_b= 0.670521557981\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.27, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "w1=4000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=5000#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,8)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.6,3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "za_per=(w1/w)*za\n",
-      "zb_per=zb\n",
-      "z=za_per+zb_per\n",
-      "s=complex(w1,w-w2)\n",
-      "sb=s*(za/z)\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (2284.2287695-1821.49046794j)\n",
-        "sb= (1715.7712305-1178.50953206j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 211
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.28, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "w1=1000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(0.001,0.003)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.0028,0.005)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (929.911014012-588.664867724j)\n",
-        "sb= (282.488985988-111.396729565j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.29, Page Number:1238"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "w1=500#kVA\n",
-      "w2=250#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "per_r=za.real*(sa.real)/w1\n",
-      "per_x=(za.imag)*(sa.imag)/w1\n",
-      "total_per=per_r+per_x\n",
-      "vl=v2-(total_per*4)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (399.511103547-348.770523615j)\n",
-        "sb= (130.738896453-181.639636072j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 242
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.30, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=100/5\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=i1*ratio\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 70.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.31, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=2000#A\n",
-      "i2=2500#A\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio1=i1/i\n",
-      "ratio2=i2/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio in first case=\",ratio1\n",
-      "print \"ratio in second case=\",ratio2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio in first case= 400\n",
-        "ratio in second case= 500\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_gBECinX.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_gBECinX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d43ac823..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_gBECinX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3109 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6eddcd87c5c220a184bc6a72a3af06c45a444c1fd08c6f0e5d7d854e3ce98ba8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 34:Induction Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.1, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=290.0#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "Ns=300.0#rpm(considered)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=120*f/Ns\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no. of poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no. of poles= 20.0\n",
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.2, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "slot=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=2*n\n",
-      "slots_total=slot*P*n\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/P\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"No. of stator poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"Total number of slots=\",slots_total\n",
-      "print \"Speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " No. of stator poles= 6\n",
-        "Total number of slots= 54\n",
-        "Speed= 1000 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.3, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "slip1=0.04\n",
-      "slip2=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip1)\n",
-      "f1=slip2*f*60\n",
-      "#at standstill s=1\n",
-      "f2=1*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04=\",N\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",f1,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency of the rotor current at standstill=\",f2,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating= 1500 rpm\n",
-        "speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04= 1440.0\n",
-        "frequency of rotor current= 90.0 rpm\n",
-        "frequency of the rotor current at standstill= 50 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.4, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=0.04\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip)\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "f1=s*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the synchronous speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor speed=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm=\",f1,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the synchronous speed= 1500.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm= 30.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.5, Page Number:1256"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "N=500#rpm\n",
-      "p2=8\n",
-      "slip=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*N/120\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p2\n",
-      "N=Ns-slip*Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load speed of the motor=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load speed of the motor= 727.5 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.6, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e=80#V\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=4#ohm\n",
-      "rheo=3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E=e/(3)**0.5\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=E/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "R=rheo+r\n",
-      "z2=(R**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=E/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "pf2=R/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are short circuited:\"\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm\",\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip rings are short circuited:\n",
-        "current/phase 11.2022406722 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.242535625036\n",
-        "slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm current/phase 8.16496580928 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.707106781187\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.7, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=6.5\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=v*k/(3**0.5)\n",
-      "R=x-r\n",
-      "r2=x\n",
-      "z=(x**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=e2/z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "starting current= 100.491886883 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.8, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=1100#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ratio=3.8\n",
-      "r=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=v/ratio\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=e/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "i2=100*ratio\n",
-      "z2=e/i2\n",
-      "r2=(z2**2-x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "R=r2-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current with slip rings shorted=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf with slip rings shorted=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",i2\n",
-      "print \"pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current with slip rings shorted= 1156.56314266 A\n",
-        "pf with slip rings shorted= 0.0479447993684\n",
-        "current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted= 380.0\n",
-        "pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted= 0.768221279597\n",
-        "external resistance= 0.70758173952 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.9, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "v=3000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "ratio=3.6\n",
-      "r=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "l=3.61*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "x2=2*3.14*l*f\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "r2_=0.1/k**2\n",
-      "x2_=ratio**2*x2\n",
-      "is1=v/((r**2+x2_**2)**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "ts=(3*3/(2*3.14*f))*((v**2)*r2_)/(r2_**2+x2_**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",is1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ts=\",ts,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 117.896733436 A\n",
-        "ts= 512.375725888 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.10, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "zr=complex(6,2)\n",
-      "v=80#V\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=e2/abs(zr+zs)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*zs.imag\n",
-      "ir=er/abs(complex(zs.real,xr))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor current at standstill=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor current at standstill= 5.26498126493 A\n",
-        "rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited= 3.31800758166 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.11, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "e=120#V\n",
-      "r2=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=e/3**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(r2**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=er/zr\n",
-      "s=r2/x2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(xr**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor when running short-circuited=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"current when torque is maximum=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor when running short-circuited= 9.05821627316 A\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "current when torque is maximum= 32.6598632371 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.12, Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tb=150.0#kg-m\n",
-      "n=660.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "t=tb*(2/((sb/s)+s/sb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"kg-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 90.0 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(a), Page Number:1266"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variablde declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "vd=0.90\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio_s=(1/vd)**2\n",
-      "ratio_i=ratio_s*vd\n",
-      "cu_loss_increase=ratio_i**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in motor copper losses=\",cu_loss_increase"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in motor copper losses= 1.23456790123\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(b), Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p1=15.0#kW\n",
-      "n=980.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.93\n",
-      "vd=0.10\n",
-      "fd=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=(1-vd)*v\n",
-      "f2=(1-fd)*f\n",
-      "n1=120*f/p\n",
-      "n2=120*f2/p\n",
-      "s1=(n1-n)/n1\n",
-      "ratio_f=s1*(v*(1-vd)/v)**2*f2/f\n",
-      "n2=n2*(1-ratio_f)\n",
-      "p2=p1*n2/n1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the new operating speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the new output power=\",p2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the new operating speed= 935.3795 rpm\n",
-        "the new output power= 14.0306925 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(a), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "v2=200#V\n",
-      "r=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 0.24 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(b), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "r=0.001#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n2=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "ratio=2*s**2*a/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of the maximum to full-load torque=\",ratio*1000,\"10^-3\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of the maximum to full-load torque= 3.9603960396 10^-3\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(c), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "v=600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=495#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.01\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n=Ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of max torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of max torque= 470.0 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of torques= 0.324324324324\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.15, Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=746.0#kW\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=16\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.02,0.15)\n",
-      "n=360.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "a=zr.real/zr.imag\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "N=ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "R=zr.imag-zr.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 0.550458715596\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 325.0 rpm\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.13 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.16, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "a=solve(ratio-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "r=a[0]*x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1187.5 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.0291699475574164 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.17, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "t_ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-a)*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",1/t_ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 1.45\n",
-        "speed= 675.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.18, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "a2=Symbol('a2')\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "t_ratio=2.5\n",
-      "t_ratio2=1.5\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t_ratio3=t_ratio2/t_ratio\n",
-      "a=solve(t_ratio3-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "a2=solve(a2**2-0.15*a2+0.0009,a2)\n",
-      "r_red=(a[0]-a2[1])/a[0]\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance=\",r_red*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance= 56.8784093726987 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.19, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "n=650.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "r=a*x2-r\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"extra resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "extra resistance= 0.52 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.20, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R=Symbol('R')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "t=162.8#N-m\n",
-      "n=1365.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "R=solve(1.0/(4*x2)-((r+R)/((r+R)**2+x2**2)),R)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",round(R[0],1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 0.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.21, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "t_ratios=1.60\n",
-      "t_ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcualtion\n",
-      "t_ratio=t_ratios/t_ratiom\n",
-      "#0.8a2-2*a+0.8 a=0.04\n",
-      "#0.5=2*a*sf/a2+sf2 sf=0.01\n",
-      "a=0.04\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-sf*ns\n",
-      "N=ns-a*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load speed= 1485.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1440.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.22, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.85#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*(v/3**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tf=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 52.4097855621 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 99.9125764956 N-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 858.823529412 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.23, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=100#rpm considered\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "n2=n/2\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "ratio=((s2/s)*(r**2+(s*x)**2)/(r**2+(s2*x)**2))**0.5\n",
-      "per=1-1/ratio\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(s2*x/r)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 22.8528060715 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.307902262948\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.26, Page Number:1272"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "t=100#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-n\n",
-      "n2=n+ns/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator supply voltage=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator supply voltage= 220 V\n",
-        "new speed= 1050 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.24, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delclaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=1140.0#rpm\n",
-      "e=440.0#V\n",
-      "e2=550.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "s2=s1*(e/e2)**2\n",
-      "n2=ns*(1-s2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1053.6 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.25, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=450.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=873.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=23.0#degrees\n",
-      "n2=864.0#rpm\n",
-      "alpha=1.0/234.0#per degrees centrigrade\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s1=(900-n)/900\n",
-      "s2=(900-n2)/900\n",
-      "ratio=s2/s1-1\n",
-      "t2=(s2/s1-1)/alpha+23  \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in rotor resistance=\",ratio*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"approx temperature=\",t2,\"degrees centigrade\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in rotor resistance= 33.3333333333 %\n",
-        "approx temperature= 101.0 degrees centigrade\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.27, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=500.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "load=80.0#kW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/60.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=alt/(60.0*f)\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=(1.0/3.0)*load*1000/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*1000,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/10000,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 996.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.888888888889 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.28, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "n=1425.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "ratio=0.8\n",
-      "loss=500.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=75/ns\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "tf=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "ir=s*ratio*e1/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ir**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=2*3.4*(n/60)*tf\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "s=z.real/z.imag\n",
-      "tmax=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "nmax=ns-s*ns\n",
-      "i=ratio*e1/abs(z)\n",
-      "tst=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real)/(z.real**2+(z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" full load torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"cu_loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"max torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",nmax,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " full load torque= 78.9197452229 N-m\n",
-        "rotor current= 22.7215022978 A\n",
-        "cu_loss= 619.52 W\n",
-        "power output= 12245.5388535 W\n",
-        "max torque= 98.6496815287 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1350.0 rpm\n",
-        "starting current= 50.5546790867 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 19.5345904017 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.29, Page Number:1285"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "P=23#kW\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e=0.92\n",
-      "n=1440#r.p.m\n",
-      "loss=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=P/e\n",
-      "total_loss=motor_input-P\n",
-      "friction_loss=total_loss/p\n",
-      "Pm=P+friction_loss\n",
-      "Psw=Pm*1500/n\n",
-      "ws=2*3.14*1500/60\n",
-      "Tsw=Psw*1000/ws\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous torque=\",round(Tsw),\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous torque= 156.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.30, Page Number:1286"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60#kW\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=load-loss\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "rotor_loss=cu_loss*1000/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",rotor_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power developed= 57.23 kW\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 590.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.31, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=20#KW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "i=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "fr=s*f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*load*1000\n",
-      "r2=cu_loss/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",fr,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of rotor current= 1.5 Hz\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 600.0 W\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.0555555555556 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.32, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=3.73#KW\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "loss=280#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "input_r=load*1000*ns/n\n",
-      "input_s=input_r+loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator input=\",input_s,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator input= 4165.41666667 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.33, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=75.0#KW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "f1=alt/60\n",
-      "s=f1/f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss_r_per_phase=s*p2/3\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss per phase=\",cu_loss_r_per_phase,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechancal power=\",pm,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 966.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss per phase= 0.833333333333 kW\n",
-        "mechancal power= 72.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.34, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "n=975.0#rpm\n",
-      "p1=40.0#KW\n",
-      "loss_s=1.0#kW\n",
-      "loss=2.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "p2=p1-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft power=\",pout,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 2.5 %\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.975 kW\n",
-        "shaft power= 36.025 kW\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.35, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=100#KW\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.018\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "cu_loss=2440#W\n",
-      "iron_loss=3500#W\n",
-      "rotational_loss=1200#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output+rotational_loss/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=(s/(1-s))*pm\n",
-      "p2=pm+cu_loss_r\n",
-      "input_s=p2+cu_loss/1000+iron_loss/1000\n",
-      "il=input_s*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.85132382892 kW\n",
-        "line current= 22.1989272175 A\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.7202341611 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.36, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=100.0#W\n",
-      "c=120.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=c/(f*60)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2/3\n",
-      "n2=ns-n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of stator field with respect to rotor=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "mechanical power= 96.0 kW\n",
-        "copper loss= 1.33333333333 kW\n",
-        "speed of stator field with respect to rotor= 40.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.37, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.9\n",
-      "output=37#kW\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "x=total_loss/(3+0.5)\n",
-      "input_r=output*1000+x/2+x\n",
-      "s=x/input_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.0303030303 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.38, Page Number:1289"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=45#KW\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "iron_loss=1200#kW\n",
-      "loss=900#kW\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*i)\n",
-      "r=r*3/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*(i/3**0.5)**2*r\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=s*42788\n",
-      "pm=42788-cu_loss_r\n",
-      "output_s=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output_s/(load*1000)\n",
-      "t=(output_s*60)/(2*3.14*970)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"p out=\",output_s,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf= 0.866025403784\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 1283.64 W\n",
-        "p out= 40604.36 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.2319111111 %\n",
-        "torque= 399.937881673 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(a), Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.75\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "pcr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=pcr*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sm)\n",
-      "e3=sm*e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load torque=\",tg/9.81,\"kg-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor emf at max torque=\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load torque= 4.26478644041 kg-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n",
-        "rotor emf at max torque= 8.06457518868 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(b), Page Number:1290"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.86\n",
-      "loss=0.05\n",
-      "cu_r=0.04\n",
-      "m_loss=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=3**0.5*v*i*pf\n",
-      "loss_s=loss*input_m\n",
-      "input_r=input_m-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_lossr=cu_r*input_r\n",
-      "mec_loss=m_loss*input_r\n",
-      "output_shaft=input_r-cu_lossr-mec_loss\n",
-      "s=cu_lossr/input_r\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "wr=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "output_r=input_r-cu_lossr\n",
-      "tr=output_r/wr\n",
-      "tin=output_shaft/wr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed in the rotor=\",tr,\"Nw-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tin,\"Nw-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed in the rotor= 36.0531340072 Nw-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 34.9264735695 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 91
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.40, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "p=40.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.5\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(x*sm)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "input_r=cu_loss/sm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross output at 5% slip=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",input_r,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross output at 5% slip= 6242.77652849 W\n",
-        "maximum torque= 8780.04535147 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.41, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=0.025\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pw=loss*pout*1000\n",
-      "pm=pout*1000+pw\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*pm/(1-s)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout*1000/n\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"gross electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor cu loss= 796.510416667 W\n",
-        "rotor input= 19912.7604167 W\n",
-        "shaft torque= 123.685763889 N-m\n",
-        "gross electromagnetic torque= 126.777907986 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.42, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=710#rpm\n",
-      "load=35#kW\n",
-      "loss=1200#W\n",
-      "loss_r=600#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "p2=load*1000-loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss_r\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power output=\",pout,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.80266666667 kW\n",
-        "gross torque= 430.386666667 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power= 31997.3333333 W\n",
-        "net torque= 422.316244131 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power output= 31397.3333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.43, Page Number:1292"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tsh=149.3#N-m\n",
-      "loss=200#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=1620#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=tsh*2*3.14*(n/60)\n",
-      "output=pout+loss\n",
-      "p2=output*ns/n\n",
-      "cu_lossr=p2-output\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",pout/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"the efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 15.001664 kW\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 633.402666667 W\n",
-        "the efficiency= 85.9444669361 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.44, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "i2=35#A\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pm=pout+loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_lossr=pm*s*1000/(1-s)\n",
-      "r2=cu_lossr/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistane per phase=\",r2,\"ohm/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistane per phase= 0.222789115646 ohm/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.45, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sf=Symbol('sf')\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1/ratio\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*25))*(e2**2/(2*x))\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "sf=solve(0.5*(a**2+sf**2)-2*a*sf,sf)\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sf[0])\n",
-      "tf=tmax/2\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tf/60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"full load slip=\",sf[0]\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 318.47133758 N-m\n",
-        "full load slip= 0.0267949192431123\n",
-        "power output= 24330.1270189222 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.46, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "k=0.67\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1*k\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(sm*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_lossr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_lossr*(1-sm)/sm\n",
-      "n=(1-sm)*ns\n",
-      "tmax=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 40.4815391879 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 63.511037037 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.47, Page Number:1293"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e2=110#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at start=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at s=4%\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"full load torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf of motor at start= 0.164398987305\n",
-        "pf of motor at s=4% 0.972387301981\n",
-        "full load torque= 582.728189612 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.48, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "tsh=162.84#N-m\n",
-      "c=90.0\n",
-      "t=20.36#N-m\n",
-      "loss=830.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "fr=c/60\n",
-      "s=fr/f\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tsh/60\n",
-      "tg=tsh+t\n",
-      "p2=tg*ns/9.55\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"motor input\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 16532.6024 W\n",
-        "cu loss= 575.497382199 W\n",
-        "motor input 19758.7434555 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 83.6723369441 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.49, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=420.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.25,0.75)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.173,0.52)\n",
-      "v1=420.0#V\n",
-      "v2=350.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=zr.real+k**2*z.real\n",
-      "x02=zr.imag+k**2*z.imag\n",
-      "z02=((r+r02)**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v2/(3**0.5*z02)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*(r+zr.real)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss*3\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tst=9.55*p2/(ns*9.81)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"kg-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 48.2909354778 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.50, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "load=37.3#ohm\n",
-      "v=280#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.25\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "k=1.0/3\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wsc=2*v*i*pf\n",
-      "power_phase=v*i*pf\n",
-      "R=power_phase/i**2\n",
-      "r2_=R-r\n",
-      "r2=k**2*r2_\n",
-      "p2=3*i**2*r2_\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "t=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance perphaseof therotor winding=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"startingtorque=\",t,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance perphaseof therotor winding= 0.0222222222222 ohm\n",
-        "startingtorque= 305.6 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.51, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratios=1.6\n",
-      "ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "sb=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=(ratios/sf)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip at full load=\",sf\n",
-      "print \"slip at maximum torque=\",sb\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",i"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip at full load= 0.01\n",
-        "slip at maximum torque= 0.04\n",
-        "rotor current= 12.6491106407\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.52, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200#km/h\n",
-      "f=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "w=v*5.0/18/(2*f)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pole pitch=\",w*1000,\"mm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pole pitch= 277.777777778 mm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.53, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "w=6#mm\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p=6#kW\n",
-      "loss=1.2#kW\n",
-      "v=2.4#m/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vs=2*f*w/100\n",
-      "s=(vs-v)/vs\n",
-      "p2=p-loss\n",
-      "pcr=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-pcr\n",
-      "f=p2*1000/vs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous speed=\",vs,\"m/s\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",pcr,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"thrust=\",f/1000,\"kN\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous speed= 3 m/s\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "cu loss= 0.96 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 3.84 kW\n",
-        "thrust= 1.6 kN\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.54, Page Number:1304"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=0.12\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm/phase\n",
-      "pg=9000.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=r*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "v=(pg*rl/3)**0.5\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load resistance=\",rl,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"load voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"load current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load resistance= 0.586666666667 ohm\n",
-        "load voltage= 41.9523539268 V\n",
-        "load current= 71.5096941934 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 166
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.55, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r1=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "xm=complex(0,28.5)#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl_=r2_*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "i2_=(v/3**0.5)/complex(r1+rl_,x1)\n",
-      "i0=(v/3**0.5)/xm\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator current= (74.5730253701-19.1783634605j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.968485280755\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 177
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.56, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "power=3.73#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "b0=-1.0/30\n",
-      "loss=50#W\n",
-      "lossr=150#W\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zab=complex(30*complex(r2_/s,x2_))/complex(r2_/s,x2_-1/b0)\n",
-      "z01=complex(r1,x1)+zab\n",
-      "vph=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i1=v1/z01\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i1.real**2*zab.real\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "power_o=pm-lossr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=power_o/(power_o+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"input current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"air gap power=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"electro magnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",power_o,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "input current= (21.9914486234+42.6194245913j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.45854949826\n",
-        "air gap power= 5173.46132109 W\n",
-        "mechanical power= 4966.52286825 W\n",
-        "electro magnetic torque= 32.9377037443 N-m\n",
-        "output power= 4816.52286825 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.9644851937 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 184
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.57, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.44#ohm\n",
-      "loss=1250#W\n",
-      "lossr=1000#W\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "pf=0.09\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2_=v1/complex(r1+r2_/s,x1+x2_)\n",
-      "i1=i2_+complex(1.78,19.9)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i2_.real**2*r2_/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tg=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "pm=p2*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=pm-1000\n",
-      "cu_losss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_losss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/(pout+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= (50.2750367599+11.9125821807j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.973057118792\n",
-        "electromagnetic torque= 224.593900377 N-m\n",
-        "output= 33218.2329894 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 89.0932246577 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 186
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.58, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.06,0.2)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.06,0.22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r01=z.real+zr.real\n",
-      "x01=z.imag+zr.imag\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "s=z.real/(z.real+z01)\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "pmax=3*v1**2/(2*(r01+z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum gross power=\",pmax,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum gross power= 143676.459572 W\n",
-        "slip= 0.120771344025\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 188
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.59, Page Number:1307"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=115#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "z=complex(0.07,0.3)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.08,0.3)\n",
-      "gd=0.022#mho\n",
-      "bo=0.158#mho\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "rl_=1/bo*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "z=complex(z.real+zr.real+rl_,0.6)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=complex(16,-2.36)\n",
-      "io=v*complex(gd,-bo)\n",
-      "i1=io+i2\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "pg=3*abs(i2)**2*rl_/100\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pg/n\n",
-      "p2=3**0.5*v1*abs(i1)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=pg*100/p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pg,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary current= (16-2.36j) A\n",
-        "primary current= (17.460696181-12.8504543912j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.805393212665\n",
-        "power output= 2433.59058228 W\n",
-        "torque= 19.7625765823 N-m\n",
-        "input= 3477.92348593 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 69.9725164204 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.60, Page Number:1308"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,1)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.6,1)\n",
-      "zm=complex(10.0,50.0)\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sm=zr.real/(z.real**2+(z.imag+zr.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v1/((z.real+zr.real)**2+(zr.imag+z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tgmax=3*i2**2*z.real*60.0/(sm*2*3.14*1500)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tgmax,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 277.144160399 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_gW7wZ6p.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_gW7wZ6p.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6653720b..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_gW7wZ6p.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2354 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:102ba4bcb83ebd9f77c7c3f970c6e3d48b2bd31161c690d1b5c67b800706b1d0"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 29: D.C. Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.1, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#as generator \n",
-      "eg=v+i*r\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "eb=v-i*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"as generator:eg=\",eg,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"as motor:eb=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "as generator:eg= 230.0 V\n",
-        "as motor:eb= 210.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.2, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=Symbol('ia')\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "brush_drop=2#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n2=700#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=v/i\n",
-      "eg1=v+i*r+brush_drop\n",
-      "eg2=eg1*n2/n\n",
-      "ia=solve(eg2-2-ia*r-2.5*ia,ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to the load=\",ia[0],\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to the load= 69.7692307692308 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.3, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200#ohm\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "im=output*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=im-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "back emf= 425.642780749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.4, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#as generator\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "As generator: power= 26.12424 kW\n",
-        "As generator: power= 23.92376 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.5, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=32\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "ra=2.0#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=i+v/rf\n",
-      "eg=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eg*a*60/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "ia=i2-v/rf\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi,\"wb\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the machine=\",math.ceil(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 0.42375 wb\n",
-        "speed of the machine= 850.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.6, Page Number:1002"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=110#A\n",
-      "v=480#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "z=864\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 636.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 755.568 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.7, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=782\n",
-      "ra=rf=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 705.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 248.676 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.8, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=eb*ia\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"machanical power=\",pm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 79.5833333333 N-m\n",
-        "machanical power= 12500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.9, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=800\n",
-      "load=8.2#kW\n",
-      "ia=45#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "a=p/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=load*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 286.2 N-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 270.618131415 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.10, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=2*i\n",
-      "fb1=v-(i*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia2*ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/fb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when torque is doubled=\",n2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when torque is doubled= 476.19047619 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.11, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "ra=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2#v\n",
-      "i=1.8#A\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/v\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "il=ratio*il\n",
-      "ia=il-i\n",
-      "r=solve(ia*(r+ra)+vd-v,r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load shaft torque\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"total resistance=\",r[0],\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load line current= 124.333333333 A\n",
-        "full-load shaft torque 356.215 N-m\n",
-        "total resistance= 3.82420021762787 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.12, Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "output=5.595#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "phi=30*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",tsh*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 804.481481481 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed= 66.4182473183 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(a), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=20.0#kW\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "phi=0.04#Wb\n",
-      "z=160\n",
-      "il=95.0#A\n",
-      "inl=9.0#A\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ea0=v-(inl-i)*ra\n",
-      "n0=ea0*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "#load\n",
-      "ea=v-(il-i)*ra\n",
-      "n=ea*n0/ea0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load speed=\",n0,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"load speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load speed= 1030.5 rpm\n",
-        "load speed= 1014.375 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(b), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "i=400#A\n",
-      "n=350#rpm\n",
-      "phi=80*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "z=600*2\n",
-      "loss=0.03#percentage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=phi*z*n*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "pa=e*i\n",
-      "t=pa/(2*3.14*n/60)\n",
-      "t_net=0.97*t\n",
-      "bhp=t_net*36.67*0.001/0.746\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"brake-horse-power\",bhp,\"HP\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "brake-horse-power 291.551578696 HP\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(c), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=774\n",
-      "phi=24*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "t=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 295.3584 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(d), Page Number:1005"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ih=v/rf\n",
-      "pi=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=cu_loss=v*ih\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(il+ih)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_a+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 87.8312542029 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(e), Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delcration\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "loss=0.5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+loss*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output of the motor=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output of the motor= 7.82 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.14, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=400.0#N\n",
-      "d=10.0#cm\n",
-      "n=840#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1800#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=.80\n",
-      "d2=24.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "tsh=f*d*0.01/2\n",
-      "output=tsh*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "input_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "d1=n*d2/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the motor=\",round(i),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"size of motor pulley=\",d1,\"cm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the motor= 10.0 A\n",
-        "size of motor pulley= 11.2 cm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.15, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=280\n",
-      "ia=45.0#A\n",
-      "phi=18*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5+0.3#ohm\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "d=0.41\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*60*a/(phi*z*p*4)\n",
-      "inpt=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "f=tsh*2/d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pull at the rim of the pulley=\",f,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pull at the rim of the pulley= 628.016180845 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.16, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "output=11.19#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "i=1#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1#V\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output*1000/n\n",
-      "phi=eb*60*a*1000/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=ia*2\n",
-      "power=input_a-(cu_loss+brush_loss)\n",
-      "rotational_loss=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*(ia+i)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"total torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux/pole=\",phi,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",rotational_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "total torque= 112.2125 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 106.8645 N-m\n",
-        "flux/pole= 13.0555555556 mWb\n",
-        "rotational losses= 460.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.4215686275 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 106
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.17, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=30.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2_by_t1=i2**2/i**2\n",
-      "change=(1-t2_by_t1)*100#percentage\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in torque=\",change,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 679.127725857 rpm\n",
-        "percentage change in torque= 43.75 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.18, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "output=55.95#kW\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "I=252.8#kg-m2\n",
-      "ia1=1.4\n",
-      "ia2=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ia1+ia2)/2\n",
-      "n=n/60.0\n",
-      "tsh=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque_avg=(ia-1)*tsh\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque_avg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"approximate time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "approximate time to attain full speed= 46.4050282991 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.19, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "I=7.5#kg-m2\n",
-      "ratio=1.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=n/60\n",
-      "t=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque=(ratio-1)*t\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "time to attain full speed= 4.4055406613 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 138
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.20, Page Number:1009"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=944\n",
-      "phi=34.6*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ta=209.0#N-m\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=3.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=ta/(0.159*phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "ea=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=ea/(phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n*60,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 20.1219966813 A\n",
-        "speed= 403.798260345 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.21, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#v\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-ish)*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-(i2-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when loaded=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when loaded= 966.21078037 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.22, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=100#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=25#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.45\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor runs=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor runs= 1940.37940379 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.23, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115.0#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=2.5#A\n",
-      "n2=1120#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra*ia\n",
-      "x=n2*eb1/n1\n",
-      "ia2=solve((v-ra*ia2)-x,ia2)\n",
-      "ia=ia2[0]+(v/rf)\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",round(ia,1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(input_m,1),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 35.0 A\n",
-        "power input= 8050.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.24, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=100.0#kW\n",
-      "n1=300#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=10.0#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rf=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=power*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra+2*vd\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n1/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 278.796797778 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.25, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by whih armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia2=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n0=n*eb0/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n0/(eb0*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of machine=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of machine= 960.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.26, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ooutput=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb_inst=eb1*(1-ratio)\n",
-      "ia_inst=(v-eb_inst)/ra\n",
-      "t_inst=9.55*eb_inst*ia_inst/n\n",
-      "ia2=i/(1-ratio)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 93.75 A\n",
-        "speed= 1224.66216216 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 191
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.27, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#A\n",
-      "v2=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "input_m=8.0#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "il=input_m*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=il-ish\n",
-      "ra=v2/i2\n",
-      "eb0=v-ish*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss=ish**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=inpt-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_arm=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_arm\n",
-      "output=input_m*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_m*1000)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed on load=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "speed on load= 623.943661972 rpm\n",
-        "torque= 103.0636 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 197
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.28, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=11#kW\n",
-      "inl=5#A\n",
-      "n_nl=1150#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=v*inl\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=inl-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss_a+constant_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(load*1000)\n",
-      "eb_nl=v-(ia0*ra)\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=n_nl*eb/eb_nl\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque developed= 87.096 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.5361818182 %\n",
-        "the speed= 1031.57894737 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.29, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vb=3#V\n",
-      "rf=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ia=80.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when current is 100 A=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when current is 100 A= 473.949579832 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.30, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia1=i*math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*ia1)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor will run when developing half the torque=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when motor will run when developing half the torque= 1147.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.31, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25#A\n",
-      "v=450#V\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "phi=1.7*0.01*math.pow(ia,0.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=n*phi*z*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "iara=v-eb\n",
-      "ra=iara/ia\n",
-      "i=math.pow((phi*ia*math.sqrt(ia)/(phi*2)),2.0/3.0)\n",
-      "eb2=v/2-i*ra\n",
-      "phi2=1.7*0.01*math.pow(i,0.5)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*phi*n/(eb*phi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor will run=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor will run= 372.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 224
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.32, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def f(ia,t):\n",
-      "    n=(v*ia-ia**2*ra)*60/(2*3.14*t)\n",
-      "    return(n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "n1=f(20.0,128.8)\n",
-      "n2=f(30.0,230.5)\n",
-      "n3=f(40.0,349.8)\n",
-      "n4=f(50.0,469.2)\n",
-      "T=[128.8,230.5,349.8,469.2]\n",
-      "N=[n1,n2,n3,n4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(T,N)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Torque(NM.m)\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Speed(rpm)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,500))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,800))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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bJA3a2e9iVslBYf1eRDwdEUdHxNHAxcD30/tjImJLV/tJqvb//z8A3B3ZDLeQ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\nRK5CYII=\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dc6a50>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.33, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=5.968#kW\n",
-      "n=700#rpm\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "n2=600#rpm\n",
-      "ra=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "loss=450#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fp(i,v):\n",
-      "    p=5.968*((n2*(v1-i*ra)/(v*n))**2)\n",
-      "    return(p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fm(i,v):\n",
-      "    m=((v1-i*ra)*i-loss)/1000\n",
-      "    return(m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=fp(7.0,347.0)\n",
-      "p2=fp(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "p3=fp(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "p4=fp(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "m1=fm(7.0,347.8)\n",
-      "m2=fm(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "m3=fm(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "m4=fm(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "I=[7,10.5,14,27.5]\n",
-      "P=[p1,p2,p3,p4]\n",
-      "M=[m1,m2,m3,m4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,P)\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,M)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Current\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Power(kW)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,30))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,12))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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TpkHnzjBqFHToEHY1qWfjto3cPfVunpr1FDe2uZF+x/WjcoXKYZclaSLeYwBVgSuAfsAh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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dfd050>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.34, Page Number:1022"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "ia=3.5#A\n",
-      "ib=4.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "loss=v*i\n",
-      "#B unexcited\n",
-      "loss1=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "#B excited\n",
-      "loss2=v*(ib-i)\n",
-      "loss=loss2-loss1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"iron losses of B=\",loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "iron losses of B= 500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.35, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=5.0#A\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "i2=52.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=round(eb2*n/eb1,0)\n",
-      "input_nl=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss_l=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_l\n",
-      "input_l=v*i2\n",
-      "output=input_l-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.36, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.37, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.22#A\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia0=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia0*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "per=(eb-eb0)*100/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",round(per,2),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 90.8 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= -4.19 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 244
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.38, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ebh=v-ia1*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(ebh*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "ta1=9.55*eb1*ia1/n\n",
-      "ta2=9.55*eb2*ia2/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in first case=\",ta1,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in second case=\",ta2,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1010.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque in first case= 57.11664 N-m\n",
-        "torque in second case= 110.3912768 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 247
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.39, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "eb1=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb2=v-(i-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(i-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.44 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 254
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.40, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=120*8\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "loss=810#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_shunt=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_loss_shunt\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque= 70.288 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 60.2946209124 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.1936 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 256
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.41, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1150#rpm\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "z=620\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=74.8#A\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i2\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eb*a*60/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "power=eb*ia\n",
-      "loss_rot=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "per=total_loss*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi*1000,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",loss_rot,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"total losses expressed as a percentage of power=\",per,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 9.07321178121 mWb\n",
-        "torque developed= 128.575818783 N-m\n",
-        "rotational losses= 562.952 W\n",
-        "total losses expressed as a percentage of power= 13.2759823297 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 263
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.42, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ra*ia**2\n",
-      "loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output*1000+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i2=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "input_m1=v*i2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100000/input_m1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((input_m-cu_loss_a)/ra)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "output_a=input_a-(cu_loss+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"output power at which efficiency is maximum=\",output_a/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 79.5621535016683 %\n",
-        "output power at which efficiency is maximum= 10.2179357944 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 271
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.43, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n2_by_n1=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "ia2_by_ia1=phi1_by_phi2=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "v2_by_v1=n2_by_n1*phi1_by_phi2\n",
-      "reduction_v=(1-v2_by_v1)*100\n",
-      "reduction_i=(1-ia2_by_ia1)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage=\",reduction_v,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage fall in the motor current=\",reduction_i,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage= 75.0 %\n",
-        "percentage fall in the motor current= 50.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 272
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.44, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "loss=900#W\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f+loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output/1000,\"Kw\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency==\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "useful torque= 206.28 N-m\n",
-        "output= 7.938 Kw\n",
-        "efficiency== 79.38 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.45, Page Number:1027"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "i=4#A\n",
-      "n=660#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "rf=270#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_a=loss=v*ia\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia1[0]*ra)\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((cu_loss+input_a)/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the current input=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current at which efficiency is maximum=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the current input= 90.2860908863713 A\n",
-        "speed= 623.0 rpm\n",
-        "armature current at which efficiency is maximum= 78.3156008298 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 280
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_hov0efx.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_hov0efx.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d43ac823..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_hov0efx.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3109 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6eddcd87c5c220a184bc6a72a3af06c45a444c1fd08c6f0e5d7d854e3ce98ba8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 34:Induction Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.1, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=290.0#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "Ns=300.0#rpm(considered)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=120*f/Ns\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no. of poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no. of poles= 20.0\n",
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.2, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "slot=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=2*n\n",
-      "slots_total=slot*P*n\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/P\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"No. of stator poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"Total number of slots=\",slots_total\n",
-      "print \"Speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " No. of stator poles= 6\n",
-        "Total number of slots= 54\n",
-        "Speed= 1000 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.3, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "slip1=0.04\n",
-      "slip2=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip1)\n",
-      "f1=slip2*f*60\n",
-      "#at standstill s=1\n",
-      "f2=1*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04=\",N\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",f1,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency of the rotor current at standstill=\",f2,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating= 1500 rpm\n",
-        "speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04= 1440.0\n",
-        "frequency of rotor current= 90.0 rpm\n",
-        "frequency of the rotor current at standstill= 50 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.4, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=0.04\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip)\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "f1=s*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the synchronous speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor speed=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm=\",f1,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the synchronous speed= 1500.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm= 30.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.5, Page Number:1256"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "N=500#rpm\n",
-      "p2=8\n",
-      "slip=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*N/120\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p2\n",
-      "N=Ns-slip*Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load speed of the motor=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load speed of the motor= 727.5 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.6, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e=80#V\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=4#ohm\n",
-      "rheo=3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E=e/(3)**0.5\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=E/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "R=rheo+r\n",
-      "z2=(R**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=E/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "pf2=R/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are short circuited:\"\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm\",\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip rings are short circuited:\n",
-        "current/phase 11.2022406722 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.242535625036\n",
-        "slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm current/phase 8.16496580928 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.707106781187\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.7, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=6.5\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=v*k/(3**0.5)\n",
-      "R=x-r\n",
-      "r2=x\n",
-      "z=(x**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=e2/z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "starting current= 100.491886883 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.8, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=1100#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ratio=3.8\n",
-      "r=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=v/ratio\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=e/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "i2=100*ratio\n",
-      "z2=e/i2\n",
-      "r2=(z2**2-x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "R=r2-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current with slip rings shorted=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf with slip rings shorted=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",i2\n",
-      "print \"pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current with slip rings shorted= 1156.56314266 A\n",
-        "pf with slip rings shorted= 0.0479447993684\n",
-        "current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted= 380.0\n",
-        "pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted= 0.768221279597\n",
-        "external resistance= 0.70758173952 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.9, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "v=3000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "ratio=3.6\n",
-      "r=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "l=3.61*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "x2=2*3.14*l*f\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "r2_=0.1/k**2\n",
-      "x2_=ratio**2*x2\n",
-      "is1=v/((r**2+x2_**2)**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "ts=(3*3/(2*3.14*f))*((v**2)*r2_)/(r2_**2+x2_**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",is1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ts=\",ts,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 117.896733436 A\n",
-        "ts= 512.375725888 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.10, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "zr=complex(6,2)\n",
-      "v=80#V\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=e2/abs(zr+zs)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*zs.imag\n",
-      "ir=er/abs(complex(zs.real,xr))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor current at standstill=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor current at standstill= 5.26498126493 A\n",
-        "rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited= 3.31800758166 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.11, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "e=120#V\n",
-      "r2=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=e/3**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(r2**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=er/zr\n",
-      "s=r2/x2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(xr**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor when running short-circuited=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"current when torque is maximum=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor when running short-circuited= 9.05821627316 A\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "current when torque is maximum= 32.6598632371 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.12, Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tb=150.0#kg-m\n",
-      "n=660.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "t=tb*(2/((sb/s)+s/sb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"kg-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 90.0 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(a), Page Number:1266"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variablde declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "vd=0.90\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio_s=(1/vd)**2\n",
-      "ratio_i=ratio_s*vd\n",
-      "cu_loss_increase=ratio_i**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in motor copper losses=\",cu_loss_increase"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in motor copper losses= 1.23456790123\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(b), Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p1=15.0#kW\n",
-      "n=980.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.93\n",
-      "vd=0.10\n",
-      "fd=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=(1-vd)*v\n",
-      "f2=(1-fd)*f\n",
-      "n1=120*f/p\n",
-      "n2=120*f2/p\n",
-      "s1=(n1-n)/n1\n",
-      "ratio_f=s1*(v*(1-vd)/v)**2*f2/f\n",
-      "n2=n2*(1-ratio_f)\n",
-      "p2=p1*n2/n1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the new operating speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the new output power=\",p2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the new operating speed= 935.3795 rpm\n",
-        "the new output power= 14.0306925 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(a), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "v2=200#V\n",
-      "r=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 0.24 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(b), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "r=0.001#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n2=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "ratio=2*s**2*a/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of the maximum to full-load torque=\",ratio*1000,\"10^-3\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of the maximum to full-load torque= 3.9603960396 10^-3\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(c), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "v=600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=495#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.01\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n=Ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of max torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of max torque= 470.0 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of torques= 0.324324324324\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.15, Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=746.0#kW\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=16\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.02,0.15)\n",
-      "n=360.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "a=zr.real/zr.imag\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "N=ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "R=zr.imag-zr.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 0.550458715596\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 325.0 rpm\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.13 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.16, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "a=solve(ratio-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "r=a[0]*x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1187.5 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.0291699475574164 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.17, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "t_ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-a)*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",1/t_ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 1.45\n",
-        "speed= 675.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.18, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "a2=Symbol('a2')\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "t_ratio=2.5\n",
-      "t_ratio2=1.5\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t_ratio3=t_ratio2/t_ratio\n",
-      "a=solve(t_ratio3-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "a2=solve(a2**2-0.15*a2+0.0009,a2)\n",
-      "r_red=(a[0]-a2[1])/a[0]\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance=\",r_red*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance= 56.8784093726987 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.19, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "n=650.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "r=a*x2-r\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"extra resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "extra resistance= 0.52 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.20, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R=Symbol('R')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "t=162.8#N-m\n",
-      "n=1365.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "R=solve(1.0/(4*x2)-((r+R)/((r+R)**2+x2**2)),R)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",round(R[0],1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 0.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.21, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "t_ratios=1.60\n",
-      "t_ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcualtion\n",
-      "t_ratio=t_ratios/t_ratiom\n",
-      "#0.8a2-2*a+0.8 a=0.04\n",
-      "#0.5=2*a*sf/a2+sf2 sf=0.01\n",
-      "a=0.04\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-sf*ns\n",
-      "N=ns-a*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load speed= 1485.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1440.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.22, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.85#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*(v/3**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tf=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 52.4097855621 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 99.9125764956 N-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 858.823529412 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.23, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=100#rpm considered\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "n2=n/2\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "ratio=((s2/s)*(r**2+(s*x)**2)/(r**2+(s2*x)**2))**0.5\n",
-      "per=1-1/ratio\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(s2*x/r)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 22.8528060715 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.307902262948\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.26, Page Number:1272"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "t=100#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-n\n",
-      "n2=n+ns/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator supply voltage=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator supply voltage= 220 V\n",
-        "new speed= 1050 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.24, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delclaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=1140.0#rpm\n",
-      "e=440.0#V\n",
-      "e2=550.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "s2=s1*(e/e2)**2\n",
-      "n2=ns*(1-s2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1053.6 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.25, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=450.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=873.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=23.0#degrees\n",
-      "n2=864.0#rpm\n",
-      "alpha=1.0/234.0#per degrees centrigrade\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s1=(900-n)/900\n",
-      "s2=(900-n2)/900\n",
-      "ratio=s2/s1-1\n",
-      "t2=(s2/s1-1)/alpha+23  \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in rotor resistance=\",ratio*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"approx temperature=\",t2,\"degrees centigrade\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in rotor resistance= 33.3333333333 %\n",
-        "approx temperature= 101.0 degrees centigrade\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.27, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=500.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "load=80.0#kW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/60.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=alt/(60.0*f)\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=(1.0/3.0)*load*1000/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*1000,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/10000,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 996.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.888888888889 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.28, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "n=1425.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "ratio=0.8\n",
-      "loss=500.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=75/ns\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "tf=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "ir=s*ratio*e1/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ir**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=2*3.4*(n/60)*tf\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "s=z.real/z.imag\n",
-      "tmax=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "nmax=ns-s*ns\n",
-      "i=ratio*e1/abs(z)\n",
-      "tst=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real)/(z.real**2+(z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" full load torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"cu_loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"max torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",nmax,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " full load torque= 78.9197452229 N-m\n",
-        "rotor current= 22.7215022978 A\n",
-        "cu_loss= 619.52 W\n",
-        "power output= 12245.5388535 W\n",
-        "max torque= 98.6496815287 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1350.0 rpm\n",
-        "starting current= 50.5546790867 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 19.5345904017 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.29, Page Number:1285"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "P=23#kW\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e=0.92\n",
-      "n=1440#r.p.m\n",
-      "loss=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=P/e\n",
-      "total_loss=motor_input-P\n",
-      "friction_loss=total_loss/p\n",
-      "Pm=P+friction_loss\n",
-      "Psw=Pm*1500/n\n",
-      "ws=2*3.14*1500/60\n",
-      "Tsw=Psw*1000/ws\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous torque=\",round(Tsw),\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous torque= 156.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.30, Page Number:1286"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60#kW\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=load-loss\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "rotor_loss=cu_loss*1000/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",rotor_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power developed= 57.23 kW\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 590.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.31, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=20#KW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "i=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "fr=s*f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*load*1000\n",
-      "r2=cu_loss/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",fr,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of rotor current= 1.5 Hz\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 600.0 W\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.0555555555556 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.32, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=3.73#KW\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "loss=280#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "input_r=load*1000*ns/n\n",
-      "input_s=input_r+loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator input=\",input_s,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator input= 4165.41666667 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.33, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=75.0#KW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "f1=alt/60\n",
-      "s=f1/f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss_r_per_phase=s*p2/3\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss per phase=\",cu_loss_r_per_phase,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechancal power=\",pm,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 966.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss per phase= 0.833333333333 kW\n",
-        "mechancal power= 72.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.34, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "n=975.0#rpm\n",
-      "p1=40.0#KW\n",
-      "loss_s=1.0#kW\n",
-      "loss=2.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "p2=p1-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft power=\",pout,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 2.5 %\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.975 kW\n",
-        "shaft power= 36.025 kW\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.35, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=100#KW\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.018\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "cu_loss=2440#W\n",
-      "iron_loss=3500#W\n",
-      "rotational_loss=1200#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output+rotational_loss/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=(s/(1-s))*pm\n",
-      "p2=pm+cu_loss_r\n",
-      "input_s=p2+cu_loss/1000+iron_loss/1000\n",
-      "il=input_s*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.85132382892 kW\n",
-        "line current= 22.1989272175 A\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.7202341611 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.36, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=100.0#W\n",
-      "c=120.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=c/(f*60)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2/3\n",
-      "n2=ns-n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of stator field with respect to rotor=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "mechanical power= 96.0 kW\n",
-        "copper loss= 1.33333333333 kW\n",
-        "speed of stator field with respect to rotor= 40.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.37, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.9\n",
-      "output=37#kW\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "x=total_loss/(3+0.5)\n",
-      "input_r=output*1000+x/2+x\n",
-      "s=x/input_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.0303030303 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.38, Page Number:1289"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=45#KW\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "iron_loss=1200#kW\n",
-      "loss=900#kW\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*i)\n",
-      "r=r*3/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*(i/3**0.5)**2*r\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=s*42788\n",
-      "pm=42788-cu_loss_r\n",
-      "output_s=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output_s/(load*1000)\n",
-      "t=(output_s*60)/(2*3.14*970)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"p out=\",output_s,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf= 0.866025403784\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 1283.64 W\n",
-        "p out= 40604.36 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.2319111111 %\n",
-        "torque= 399.937881673 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(a), Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.75\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "pcr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=pcr*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sm)\n",
-      "e3=sm*e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load torque=\",tg/9.81,\"kg-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor emf at max torque=\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load torque= 4.26478644041 kg-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n",
-        "rotor emf at max torque= 8.06457518868 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(b), Page Number:1290"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.86\n",
-      "loss=0.05\n",
-      "cu_r=0.04\n",
-      "m_loss=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=3**0.5*v*i*pf\n",
-      "loss_s=loss*input_m\n",
-      "input_r=input_m-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_lossr=cu_r*input_r\n",
-      "mec_loss=m_loss*input_r\n",
-      "output_shaft=input_r-cu_lossr-mec_loss\n",
-      "s=cu_lossr/input_r\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "wr=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "output_r=input_r-cu_lossr\n",
-      "tr=output_r/wr\n",
-      "tin=output_shaft/wr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed in the rotor=\",tr,\"Nw-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tin,\"Nw-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed in the rotor= 36.0531340072 Nw-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 34.9264735695 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 91
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.40, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "p=40.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.5\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(x*sm)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "input_r=cu_loss/sm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross output at 5% slip=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",input_r,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross output at 5% slip= 6242.77652849 W\n",
-        "maximum torque= 8780.04535147 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.41, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=0.025\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pw=loss*pout*1000\n",
-      "pm=pout*1000+pw\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*pm/(1-s)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout*1000/n\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"gross electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor cu loss= 796.510416667 W\n",
-        "rotor input= 19912.7604167 W\n",
-        "shaft torque= 123.685763889 N-m\n",
-        "gross electromagnetic torque= 126.777907986 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.42, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=710#rpm\n",
-      "load=35#kW\n",
-      "loss=1200#W\n",
-      "loss_r=600#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "p2=load*1000-loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss_r\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power output=\",pout,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.80266666667 kW\n",
-        "gross torque= 430.386666667 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power= 31997.3333333 W\n",
-        "net torque= 422.316244131 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power output= 31397.3333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.43, Page Number:1292"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tsh=149.3#N-m\n",
-      "loss=200#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=1620#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=tsh*2*3.14*(n/60)\n",
-      "output=pout+loss\n",
-      "p2=output*ns/n\n",
-      "cu_lossr=p2-output\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",pout/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"the efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 15.001664 kW\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 633.402666667 W\n",
-        "the efficiency= 85.9444669361 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.44, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "i2=35#A\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pm=pout+loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_lossr=pm*s*1000/(1-s)\n",
-      "r2=cu_lossr/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistane per phase=\",r2,\"ohm/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistane per phase= 0.222789115646 ohm/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.45, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sf=Symbol('sf')\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1/ratio\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*25))*(e2**2/(2*x))\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "sf=solve(0.5*(a**2+sf**2)-2*a*sf,sf)\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sf[0])\n",
-      "tf=tmax/2\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tf/60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"full load slip=\",sf[0]\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 318.47133758 N-m\n",
-        "full load slip= 0.0267949192431123\n",
-        "power output= 24330.1270189222 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.46, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "k=0.67\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1*k\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(sm*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_lossr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_lossr*(1-sm)/sm\n",
-      "n=(1-sm)*ns\n",
-      "tmax=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 40.4815391879 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 63.511037037 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.47, Page Number:1293"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e2=110#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at start=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at s=4%\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"full load torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf of motor at start= 0.164398987305\n",
-        "pf of motor at s=4% 0.972387301981\n",
-        "full load torque= 582.728189612 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.48, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "tsh=162.84#N-m\n",
-      "c=90.0\n",
-      "t=20.36#N-m\n",
-      "loss=830.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "fr=c/60\n",
-      "s=fr/f\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tsh/60\n",
-      "tg=tsh+t\n",
-      "p2=tg*ns/9.55\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"motor input\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 16532.6024 W\n",
-        "cu loss= 575.497382199 W\n",
-        "motor input 19758.7434555 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 83.6723369441 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.49, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=420.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.25,0.75)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.173,0.52)\n",
-      "v1=420.0#V\n",
-      "v2=350.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=zr.real+k**2*z.real\n",
-      "x02=zr.imag+k**2*z.imag\n",
-      "z02=((r+r02)**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v2/(3**0.5*z02)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*(r+zr.real)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss*3\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tst=9.55*p2/(ns*9.81)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"kg-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 48.2909354778 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.50, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "load=37.3#ohm\n",
-      "v=280#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.25\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "k=1.0/3\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wsc=2*v*i*pf\n",
-      "power_phase=v*i*pf\n",
-      "R=power_phase/i**2\n",
-      "r2_=R-r\n",
-      "r2=k**2*r2_\n",
-      "p2=3*i**2*r2_\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "t=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance perphaseof therotor winding=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"startingtorque=\",t,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance perphaseof therotor winding= 0.0222222222222 ohm\n",
-        "startingtorque= 305.6 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.51, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratios=1.6\n",
-      "ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "sb=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=(ratios/sf)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip at full load=\",sf\n",
-      "print \"slip at maximum torque=\",sb\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",i"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip at full load= 0.01\n",
-        "slip at maximum torque= 0.04\n",
-        "rotor current= 12.6491106407\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.52, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200#km/h\n",
-      "f=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "w=v*5.0/18/(2*f)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pole pitch=\",w*1000,\"mm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pole pitch= 277.777777778 mm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.53, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "w=6#mm\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p=6#kW\n",
-      "loss=1.2#kW\n",
-      "v=2.4#m/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vs=2*f*w/100\n",
-      "s=(vs-v)/vs\n",
-      "p2=p-loss\n",
-      "pcr=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-pcr\n",
-      "f=p2*1000/vs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous speed=\",vs,\"m/s\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",pcr,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"thrust=\",f/1000,\"kN\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous speed= 3 m/s\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "cu loss= 0.96 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 3.84 kW\n",
-        "thrust= 1.6 kN\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.54, Page Number:1304"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=0.12\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm/phase\n",
-      "pg=9000.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=r*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "v=(pg*rl/3)**0.5\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load resistance=\",rl,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"load voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"load current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load resistance= 0.586666666667 ohm\n",
-        "load voltage= 41.9523539268 V\n",
-        "load current= 71.5096941934 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 166
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.55, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r1=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "xm=complex(0,28.5)#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl_=r2_*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "i2_=(v/3**0.5)/complex(r1+rl_,x1)\n",
-      "i0=(v/3**0.5)/xm\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator current= (74.5730253701-19.1783634605j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.968485280755\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 177
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.56, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "power=3.73#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "b0=-1.0/30\n",
-      "loss=50#W\n",
-      "lossr=150#W\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zab=complex(30*complex(r2_/s,x2_))/complex(r2_/s,x2_-1/b0)\n",
-      "z01=complex(r1,x1)+zab\n",
-      "vph=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i1=v1/z01\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i1.real**2*zab.real\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "power_o=pm-lossr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=power_o/(power_o+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"input current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"air gap power=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"electro magnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",power_o,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "input current= (21.9914486234+42.6194245913j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.45854949826\n",
-        "air gap power= 5173.46132109 W\n",
-        "mechanical power= 4966.52286825 W\n",
-        "electro magnetic torque= 32.9377037443 N-m\n",
-        "output power= 4816.52286825 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.9644851937 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 184
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.57, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.44#ohm\n",
-      "loss=1250#W\n",
-      "lossr=1000#W\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "pf=0.09\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2_=v1/complex(r1+r2_/s,x1+x2_)\n",
-      "i1=i2_+complex(1.78,19.9)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i2_.real**2*r2_/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tg=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "pm=p2*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=pm-1000\n",
-      "cu_losss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_losss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/(pout+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= (50.2750367599+11.9125821807j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.973057118792\n",
-        "electromagnetic torque= 224.593900377 N-m\n",
-        "output= 33218.2329894 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 89.0932246577 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 186
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.58, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.06,0.2)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.06,0.22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r01=z.real+zr.real\n",
-      "x01=z.imag+zr.imag\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "s=z.real/(z.real+z01)\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "pmax=3*v1**2/(2*(r01+z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum gross power=\",pmax,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum gross power= 143676.459572 W\n",
-        "slip= 0.120771344025\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 188
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.59, Page Number:1307"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=115#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "z=complex(0.07,0.3)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.08,0.3)\n",
-      "gd=0.022#mho\n",
-      "bo=0.158#mho\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "rl_=1/bo*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "z=complex(z.real+zr.real+rl_,0.6)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=complex(16,-2.36)\n",
-      "io=v*complex(gd,-bo)\n",
-      "i1=io+i2\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "pg=3*abs(i2)**2*rl_/100\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pg/n\n",
-      "p2=3**0.5*v1*abs(i1)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=pg*100/p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pg,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary current= (16-2.36j) A\n",
-        "primary current= (17.460696181-12.8504543912j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.805393212665\n",
-        "power output= 2433.59058228 W\n",
-        "torque= 19.7625765823 N-m\n",
-        "input= 3477.92348593 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 69.9725164204 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.60, Page Number:1308"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,1)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.6,1)\n",
-      "zm=complex(10.0,50.0)\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sm=zr.real/(z.real**2+(z.imag+zr.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v1/((z.real+zr.real)**2+(zr.imag+z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tgmax=3*i2**2*z.real*60.0/(sm*2*3.14*1500)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tgmax,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 277.144160399 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_jpSDAMK.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_jpSDAMK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95eb9b1e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_jpSDAMK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,391 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:cd727f10a4caede23f6dcd22be7261834b049d15aeb309766271ec0c03a024c2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 36: Single-Phase Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.1, Page Number:1374"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=60\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "xo=xm+x2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zf=(((r2/s)*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jf=(((r2/s)*(r2/s)+(x2*xo))/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jf=math.degrees(math.atan(jf/zf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zb=(((r2/(2-s))*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jb=(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s))+(x2*xo))/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jb=math.degrees(math.atan(jb/zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zb\n",
-      "j01=jf+jb+J1\n",
-      "J01=math.degrees(math.atan(j01/z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zb\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "output=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output = \",output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output =  206.798750547\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.2, Page Number:1375"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=185\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "Xo=53.5\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "cl=3.5#core loss\n",
-      "fl=13.5#friction loss\n",
-      "vf=(82.5/100)*v\n",
-      "ic=(cl*100)/vf\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "rc=vf/ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 1\n",
-      "c=1/rc #conductance of corebranch\n",
-      "s=-(1/xm)#susceptance\n",
-      "a1=(r2/s)/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance\n",
-      "a1j=-x2/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance j\n",
-      "yf=c+a1\n",
-      "yfj=s+a1j\n",
-      "zf=(yf*yf)+(yfj*yfj)\n",
-      "zfr=yf/zf\n",
-      "zfj=yfj/zf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 2\n",
-      "a2=(r2/2-s)/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "a2j=-x2/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "yb=yf+a2\n",
-      "ybj=yfj+a2j\n",
-      "zb1=(yb*yb)+(ybj*ybj)\n",
-      "zbr=yb/zb1\n",
-      "zbj=ybj/zb1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zbr\n",
-      "z01j=J1+zfj+zbj\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zbr\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "watt=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "net_output=watt-fl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net output = \",net_output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net output =  -446.423232085\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.3, Page Number:1376"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=250\n",
-      "v=230\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "zm=4.5\n",
-      "zmj=3.7\n",
-      "za=9.5\n",
-      "zaj=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zma=math.degrees(math.atan(zmj/zm))\n",
-      "ialeadv=90-zma\n",
-      "x=za*(math.tan(math.radians(ialeadv)))\n",
-      "xc=x+zaj\n",
-      "c=1000000/(xc*2*50*3.14)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"C= \",c,\" uf\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C=  211.551875951  uf\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.4, Page Number:1393"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p=250\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "ra=20\n",
-      "la=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "#ac\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*la\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "nac=(ebac*ndc)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "pmech=ebac*ia\n",
-      "T=(pmech*9.55)/nac\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque= \",T,\" N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1606.22922133  rpm\n",
-        "Torque=  0.955  N-m\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.821013282424  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.5, Page Number:1394"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=30\n",
-      "l=0.5\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "idc=0.8\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "ia=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-      "ra=r\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(r*idc)\n",
-      "nac=(ndc*ebac)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1700.52062383  rpm\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.864635321971  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.6, Page Number:1396"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "w=8\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "v2=205\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "ns=(120*f)/pole\n",
-      "tsh=(9.55*w*1000)/ns\n",
-      "alpha=0.5*(math.degrees(math.asin((v*v*math.sin(math.radians(2*a)))/(v2*v2))))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V = \",alpha,\" degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V =  42.9327261097  degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_k1gQDvp.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_k1gQDvp.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 90e078d2..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_k1gQDvp.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1739 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:4fa0d818a53ec5608949c7725a11f84c78952680d73d506e4179ac596da192fb"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 38: Synchronous Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.1, Page Number:1495"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=75#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.95\n",
-      "xs=2.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/4\n",
-      "pm=p*1000/loss\n",
-      "ia=pm/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vol_phase=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power= 78947.3684211 W\n",
-        "armature current= 129.489444346 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.2, Page Number:1498"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=20\n",
-      "vl=693#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "lag=0.5#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#lag=0.5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "print \"displacement:0.5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#lag=5\n",
-      "lag=5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"displacement:5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "displacement:0.5%\n",
-        "alpha= 5.0 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (3.4871338335-0.152251551219j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 4189.63221768 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "displacement:5%\n",
-        "alpha= 50 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (30.6497244054-14.2922012106j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 40591.222447 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.3, Page Number:1499"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V/ph\n",
-      "i=32.0#A/ph\n",
-      "xs=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xs)**2)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xs)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 512.249938995 V\n",
-        "delta= 38.6598082541 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.4, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=150#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "xd=32#ohm\n",
-      "xq=20#ohm\n",
-      "alpha=16#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=2*vp\n",
-      "ex_power=eb*vp*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/xd\n",
-      "rel_power=(vp**2*(xd-xq)*math.sin(math.radians(2*alpha)))/(2*xd*xq)\n",
-      "pm=3*(ex_power+rel_power)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1121.29686485 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.5, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "P=1.5#MW\n",
-      "phi=3.0\n",
-      "xd=4.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "xq=3.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "sin_phi=0\n",
-      "cos_phi=1\n",
-      "phi=0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v1=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=P*math.pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(3)*v*cos_phi)\n",
-      "tan_sigma=(v1*sin_phi-ia*xq)/(v1*cos_phi)\n",
-      "sigma=math.atan(tan_sigma)\n",
-      "alpha=phi-sigma\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(sigma)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(sigma)\n",
-      "eb=v1*math.cos(alpha)-i_d*xd\n",
-      "#eb=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)\n",
-      "#dPm/d(alpha)=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)=0\n",
-      "ans=solve([(604.0*x**2+1029.0*x-302.0)],[x])\n",
-      "alpha2=math.acos(math.radians(ans[1][0]))\n",
-      "Pm=1029*math.sin(alpha2)+151*math.sin(alpha2)\n",
-      "max_P=Pm*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop=\",round(max_P),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop= 3540.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.6, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=30#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*3\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "z_drop=ia*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt((vp**2+z_drop**2-(2*vp*z_drop*math.cos(theta+phi))))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power supplied=\",p2/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"KW\"\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "    "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power supplied= 914.522826396 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 903.722826396 KW\n",
-        "induced emf= 13039.2734763 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.7, Page Number:1507"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "pf=1\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xq)**2)+((xd-xq)*14.8)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xq)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 502.648089715 V\n",
-        "delta= 27.4744316263 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.8, Page Number:1508"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=800#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output*1000+loss+ex_loss\n",
-      "ia=(v*pf-math.sqrt(v**2*pf**2-4*r*pm))/(2*r)\n",
-      "m_input=loss*ia*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/m_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commercial efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commercial efficiency= 82.1029269497 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.9, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "il=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x//r)\n",
-      "v=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"volt/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Eb= 1708.04482042 volt/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.10, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "vl=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "il=50#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#0.8 lagging\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi-theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 lag: Eb=\",eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#0.8 leading\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 leading:Eb=\",eb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.8 lag: Eb= 5651.1180113\n",
-        "0.8 leading:Eb= 7705.24623679\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.11, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)-phi)))\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=1: Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lag:Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lead:Eb=\",eb3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf=1: Eb= 107.703296143 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lag:Eb= 82.4621125124 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lead:Eb= 128.062484749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.12, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "r=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=40#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ra=ia*r\n",
-      "xa=ia*x\n",
-      "za=math.sqrt(ra**2+xa**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(vp**2+za**2-(2*vp*za*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "alpha1=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta)/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta-phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta-phi)/eb2)\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta+phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha3=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"at pf=1\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb1*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 lagging\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 leading\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha3),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "at pf=1\n",
-        "Eb= 11283.8105339 V\n",
-        "alpha= 18.7256601694 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 lagging\n",
-        "Eb= 8990.39249633 V\n",
-        "alpha= 10.0142654731 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 leading\n",
-        "Eb= 13283.8907748 V\n",
-        "alpha= 7.71356041367 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.14, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,0.866)\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "output=6000#W\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z.real\n",
-      "motor_intake=output+loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(motor_intake/(v*i))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)*i\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)-phi)))\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "lag:eb= 154.286783862 V\n",
-        "lag:eb= 213.765547573 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.15, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,6)\n",
-      "lag=3#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=lag*8/2\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(eb**2+eb**2-(2*eb*eb*(math.cos(math.radians(alpha)))))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=theta-(math.asin(eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/er))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "total_input=3*eb*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=total_input-cu_loss\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*eb/zs)-(eb**2*z.real/(zs**2))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power of the motor=\",pm/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power of motor=\",pm_max/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 44.1583059199 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.99927231631\n",
-        "power of the motor= 165.803353329 kW\n",
-        "max power of motor= 250.446734776 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 72
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.16, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250#V\n",
-      "lead=150#degrees\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "x=2.5#times resistance\n",
-      "alpha=lead/3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+eb**2-(2*v*eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha))))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x)\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"pf at which the motor is operating=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf at which the motor is operating= 0.928476690885\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.17, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=900#kW\n",
-      "e=8900#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "icos=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "bc=r*icos\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "i=icos/math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 149.188331836 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 82
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.18, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ia1zs=ia1*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(va**2+ia1zs**2-(2*va*ia1zs*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "ia2cosphi2=inpt2*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "cosphi2=x*ia2cosphi2\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-cosphi2*2)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(ac/cosphi2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.atan(cosphi2/ac)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"new power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power angle= 25.8661450552 degrees\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.436270181217\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.19, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=5472#W\n",
-      "x=10#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iacosphi=inpt/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=iacosphi*zs\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(va**2-iazs**2)\n",
-      "oc=va-ac\n",
-      "bc=iazs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/iazs)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "ia=iacosphi/pf\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(bc/ac)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 19.9987718079 degrees\n",
-        "power factor= 0.984809614116\n",
-        "armature current= 8.01997824686 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.20, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "xs=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=800.0#kW\n",
-      "e=2500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ep=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "i2=solve(((i1*xs+r*i2)**2+(vp+i1*r-xs*i2)**2)-ep**2,i2)\n",
-      "i=math.sqrt(i1**2+i2[0]**2)\n",
-      "pf=i1/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line currrent=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line currrent= 241.492937915 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.956301702525\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 152
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.21, Page Number:1516"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=650#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "power=inpt*1000+ex_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt*1000-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/power\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power=\",power,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 13.0516151762 A\n",
-        "power= 8110.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.6693343026 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 156
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.22, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "inpt=800#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ip=ia/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=ip*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+iazs**2-(2*v*iazs*(-1)*pf))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(iazs*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 4972.19098879 V\n",
-        "rotor angle= 17.0098509277 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.23, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=75#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "r=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.925\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)-phi\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "ns=120*50/40\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eb,\"eb\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 235.683320812 eb\n",
-        "mechanical power= 79437.5456538 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.24, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "zs=x=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "i2=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iazs=i*zs\n",
-      "xs=math.sqrt(x**2-r**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "iazs2=i2*zs\n",
-      "phi=theta-math.acos(vp**2-vp**2+iazs2**2/(2*vp*iazs2))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "input_m=math.sqrt(3)*v*i2*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ns=120*50/6\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque developed=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque developed= 310.739709828 N-m\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.912650996943\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 161
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.25, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "xs=10#W/phase\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+zs**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"minimum current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"inducedemf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "minimum current= 12.6677441416 A\n",
-        "inducedemf= 263.401798584 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.26, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=37.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=ia*abs(zs)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(zs.imag/zs.real)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(math.sin(theta+phi)*er/eb)\n",
-      "pm=3*eb*vp*math.sin(alpha)/abs(zs)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 495.407915636 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power developed= 44844.4875189 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 206
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.27, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "xs=20.0#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500.0#kW\n",
-      "phi2=Symbol('phi2')\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "er=ia*xs\n",
-      "zs=xs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(inpt2*1000*zs/(3*eb*vp))\n",
-      "#vp/eb=cos(alpha+phi2)/cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#solving we get\n",
-      "phi2=math.radians(19.39)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power factor= 0.943280616635\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 228
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.28, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "x=4#ohms/phase\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohms/phase\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "loss=2#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(complex(r,x))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2)\n",
-      "pm=3*pm_max\n",
-      "output=pm-loss*1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum power output= 51.3898913442 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.29, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=10#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "eb=1600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=x/z\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*v/z)-(eb**2*pf/zs)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "tg_max=9.55*pm_max/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total torque=\",tg_max,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total torque= 5505.51976175 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.30, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variabke declaration\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "x=3#ohm/phase\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=ia*x\n",
-      "sinphi=(eb**2-vp**2-zs**2)/(2*zs*vp)\n",
-      "phi=math.asin(sinphi)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "pi=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf/1000\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pi*1000/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",pi,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power input= 669.029147347 kW\n",
-        "power factor= 0.965660395791\n",
-        "torque= 4259.48557144 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 234
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.31, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "e=3800#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=theta\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(vp**2+eb**2-(2*vp*eb*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "pm_max=((eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total mechanical power=\",pm_max,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total mechanical power= 604356.888001 W\n",
-        "current= 151.417346198 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.857248980398\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 235
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.32, Page Number:1521"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=415#V\n",
-      "e=520#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,4)\n",
-      "loss=1000#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+e**2-(2*v*e*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "i=er/zs\n",
-      "il=math.sqrt(3)*i\n",
-      "pm_max=((e*v/zs)-(e**2*z.real/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "output=pm_max-loss\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*z.real\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*il*v)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output= 134.640174346 kW\n",
-        "line current= 268.015478962 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.890508620247\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.4816159071 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.33, Page Number:1524"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*efficiency*pf)\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*il**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf= 494.75258624 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power= 39.6138268735 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.34, Page Number:1525"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=48#kW\n",
-      "v=693#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ratio=0.3\n",
-      "x=2#W/phase\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(float(\"inf\"))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta-phi)))\n",
-      "i_cosphi=pf*il\n",
-      "bc=i_cosphi*x\n",
-      "eb=eb+(ratio*eb)\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "i2=i_cosphi/pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 46.3871111945 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.862084919821\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.35, Page Number:1526"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kW\n",
-      "inpt=240.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "total_load=inpt+load\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "kVAR=total_load*math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "#factory load\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "kVAR=inpt*math.tan(phil)\n",
-      "kVA=inpt/pf\n",
-      "kVAR1=total_load*math.sin(phil)\n",
-      "lead_kVAR=kVAR1-kVAR\n",
-      "#synchronous motor\n",
-      "phim=math.atan(lead_kVAR/load)\n",
-      "motorpf=math.cos(phim)\n",
-      "motorkVA=math.sqrt(load**2+lead_kVAR**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"leading kVAR supplied by the motor=\",motorkVA\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "leading kVAR supplied by the motor= 60.0\n",
-        "pf= 0.8\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_kA9oA4k.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_kA9oA4k.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index feb75575..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_kA9oA4k.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5447 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:37afbdb95d83a409c42483f9400df0ec405aafcb3f017067345a44342a88aaf2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 32: Transformer"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.1, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "phi=1.2#Wb-m2\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "a=v2/(4.44*f*n2*phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"secondary turns=\",n2\n",
-      "print \"area of core=\",round(a,2),\"m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary turns= 31.25\n",
-        "secondary turns= 375.0\n",
-        "area of core= 0.03 m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.2, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "bm=1.3#Tesla\n",
-      "sf=0.9\n",
-      "per=10#%\n",
-      "a=20*20*sf/10000#m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "n2=v2/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "e_per_turn=v1/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV TURNS=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"LV TURNS=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"EMF per turns=\",round(e_per_turn,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV TURNS= 1059.0\n",
-        "LV TURNS= 53.0\n",
-        "EMF per turns= 10.4 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.3, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=1000.0\n",
-      "a=60.0/10000.0#cm2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "e1=520.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "bm=e1/(4.44*f*n1*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak value of flux density=\",bm,\"WB/m2\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary winding=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak value of flux density= 0.975975975976 WB/m2\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary winding= 1300.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.4, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=50.0\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "e1=v/n1\n",
-      "e2=e1*n2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary and secondary currents=\",i1,\"A\", i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary emf=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWB\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary and secondary currents= 8.33333333333 A 83.3333333333 A\n",
-        "secondary emf= 300.0 V\n",
-        "flux= 27.027027027 mWB\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.5, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "load=300#kVA\n",
-      "phim=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=4.44*f*phim\n",
-      "e2=v2/1.732\n",
-      "t1=v1/e\n",
-      "t2=e2/e\n",
-      "output=load/3\n",
-      "HV=100*1000/v1\n",
-      "LV=100*1000/e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",t1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",t2\n",
-      "print \"emf per turn=\",e2\n",
-      "print \"full load HV=\",HV\n",
-      "print \"full load LV=\",LV"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 990.990990991\n",
-        "LV turns= 28.6082849593\n",
-        "emf per turn= 317.551963048\n",
-        "full load HV= 9\n",
-        "full load LV= 314.909090909\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.6, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=1200.0\n",
-      "a=80.0/10000.0#m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phim=n1/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "bm=phim/a\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak flux-density=\",bm,\"Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak flux-density= 0.563063063063 Wb\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary= 1200.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.7, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varible declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=250.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "v=1500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current an secondary current=\",i1,\"A\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)seconary emf=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)maximum flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current an secondary current= 16.6666666667 A 104.166666667 A\n",
-        "ii)seconary emf= 240.0 V\n",
-        "iii)maximum flux= 27.027027027 mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.8, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "a=20.0*20.0/10000#m2\n",
-      "phim=1.0#Wbm2\n",
-      "v1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2=v2/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "t1=t2*v1/v2\n",
-      "n1=t1/2\n",
-      "n2=t2/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 168.918918919\n",
-        "LV turns= 12.3873873874\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.9, Page Number:1126"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "p=400.0#W\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "i0=0.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=p/v1\n",
-      "imu=(i1**2-il**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw=i0*pf\n",
-      "imu2=(i0**2-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"magnetising currents=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iron loss current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"magnetising components of no load primary current=\",imu2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"working components of no-load primary current=\",iw,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "magnetising currents= 0.571788552492 A\n",
-        "iron loss current= 0.181818181818 A\n",
-        "magnetising components of no load primary current= 0.476969600708 A\n",
-        "working components of no-load primary current= 0.15 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.10, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "l=150.0#cm\n",
-      "airgap=0.1#mm\n",
-      "e1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "d=7.8#grma/cm3\n",
-      "loss=2.0#watt/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=e1/(4.44*f*n1*phim)\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "v2=k*e1\n",
-      "iron=l*5\n",
-      "air=phim*airgap/(1000*4*3.14*10**(-7))\n",
-      "bmax=iron+air\n",
-      "imu=bmax/(n1*2**0.5)\n",
-      "volume=l*a\n",
-      "im=volume*d*10\n",
-      "total_i=im*2\n",
-      "iw=total_i/(e1)\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=iw/i0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross sectional area=\",a*10000,\"cm2\"\n",
-      "print \"b)no load secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"c)no load current=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross sectional area= 225.225225225 cm2\n",
-        "b)no load secondary voltage= 240.0 V\n",
-        "c)no load current= 1.19577611723 A\n",
-        "d)power factor= 0.145353269536\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.11, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1000\n",
-      "n2=200\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=280#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i2_=i2/5\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(phi1))\n",
-      "i1=i*complex(pf,-sinphi)+i2_*complex(pf2,-sinphi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",abs(i1),\"/_\",math.degrees(phi1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 64.4918252531 /_ 36.8698976458 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.12, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=440.0#v\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "i0=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=120.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "angle=phi2-phi0\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+(2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle)))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the primary=\",i1,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the primary= 33.9022604184 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.13, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=800.0\n",
-      "n2=200.0\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i1=25.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.707\n",
-      "i2=80.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i0pf2=i1*pf2-i2_*pf\n",
-      "i0sinphi=i1*pf2-i2_*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "phi0=math.atan(i0sinphi/i0pf2)\n",
-      "i0=i0sinphi/math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load current=\",i0,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load current= 5.91703050525 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.14, Page Number:1131"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i0=complex(2,-9.8)\n",
-      "i2_=complex(42.5,-26.35)\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(i1.real/57.333)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= (44.5-36.15j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 39.0890154959 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.15, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable decaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=120.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.22#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.034#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1*k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"high voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"low voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "high voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 13.7 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 5.02 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 14.5907642021 ohm\n",
-        "low voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 0.03425 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.01255 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0364769105051 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.16, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=4400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.009#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.2#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)resistance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)reactance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)impedence=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"v)copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance=\n",
-        "primary= 7.05 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.017625 ohm\n",
-        "reactance=\n",
-        "primary= 11.2 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.028 ohm\n",
-        "impedence=\n",
-        "primary= 13.2341414531 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.0330853536327 ohm\n",
-        "copper loss= 910.382231405 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.17, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "z2=v/(i2)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z2_=z2/k**2\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)load impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"b)impedence referred to high tension side=\",z2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)the value of current referred to the high tension side=\",i2_,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)load impedence= 1.152 ohm\n",
-        "b)impedence referred to high tension side= 115.2 ohm\n",
-        "c)the value of current referred to the high tension side= 20.8333333333 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 70
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.18, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=317.0#V\n",
-      "load2=0.62#kW\n",
-      "lvload=0.48#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r1=load2*1000/i**2\n",
-      "r2=lvload*1000/i2**2\n",
-      "r2_=r2*k**2\n",
-      "x01=4*v1/(i1*100)\n",
-      "x2_=x01*r2_/(r1+r2_)\n",
-      "x1=x01-x2_\n",
-      "x2=x2_*10/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)r1=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2_=\",r2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x1=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2_=\",x2_,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)r1= 7.502 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.004823472 ohm\n",
-        "r2_= 5.808 ohm\n",
-        "ii)reactance= 48.4 ohm\n",
-        "x1= 27.28 ohm\n",
-        "x2= 0.175398981818 ohm\n",
-        "x2_= 21.12 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 76
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.19, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "k=19.5\n",
-      "r1=25.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=1.25#A\n",
-      "angle=30#degrees\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=50#V\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v2=complex(500,0)\n",
-      "i2=i2*complex(0.8,-0.6)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "e2=v2+i2*z2\n",
-      "beta=math.atan(e2.imag/e2.real)\n",
-      "e1=e2*k\n",
-      "i2_=i2/k\n",
-      "angle=beta+math.radians(90)+math.radians(angle)\n",
-      "i0=i*complex(math.cos(angle),math.sin(angle))\n",
-      "i1=-i2_+i0\n",
-      "v2=-e1+i1*complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real)-math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "power=abs(v2)*i*math.cos(math.radians(60))\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i2)**2*r02\n",
-      "output=500*abs(i2)*pf2\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+power\n",
-      "inpt=output+loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary applied voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"primary pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary applied voltage= (-11464.2126901-1349.15424294j) V\n",
-        "primary pf= 0.698572087114\n",
-        "efficiency= 86.7261056254 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 94
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.20, Page Number:1138"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=1100#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "zh=complex(0.1,0.4)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.006,0.015)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "#HV \n",
-      "r1=zh.real+zl.real*k**2\n",
-      "x1=zh.imag+zl.imag*k**2\n",
-      "z1=(r1**2+x1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#LV\n",
-      "r2=r1/k**2\n",
-      "x2=x1/k**2\n",
-      "z2=z1/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"LV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.25 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.775 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.814324873745 ohm\n",
-        "LV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.01 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.031 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0325729949498 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.21, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230#V\n",
-      "v2=460#V\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.75#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.8#ohm\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x02=x2+k**2*x1\n",
-      "vd=i*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "vt2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",vt2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 424.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.22, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.0#%\n",
-      "x=5.0#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "mu=r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "mu2=r**2+x*0\n",
-      "mu3=r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lag:\",mu,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1:\",mu2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lead:\",mu3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lag: 3.8 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=1: 1.0 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lead: -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 98
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.23, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "regn=r*cosphi+x*sinphi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.59016994375 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4472135955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.24, Page Number:1142"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "load1=500#KVA\n",
-      "load2=400#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kw=load2*pf\n",
-      "kvar=load2*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "drop=(r*kw/load1)+(x*kvar/load1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage voltage drop=\",drop,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage voltage drop= 4.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.25, Page Number:1144"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.286#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.319#ohm\n",
-      "ro=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "xo=1250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2_=complex(r2_,x2_)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.387,0.29)\n",
-      "ym=complex(0.004,-0.0008)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "zl_=zl/(k**2)\n",
-      "zm=1/ym\n",
-      "x=zm+zl_+z2_\n",
-      "i1=v1/(z1+(zm*(z2_+zl_))/(zm+z2_+zl_))\n",
-      "i2_=i1*zm/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "io=i1*(z2_+zl_)/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "pf=i1.real/abs(i1)\n",
-      "pi=v1*abs(i1)*pf/1000\n",
-      "po=abs(i2_)**2*zl_.real/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i1)**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_loss2=abs(i2_)**2*r2_\n",
-      "core_loss=io.real**2*240\n",
-      "e=po*100/pi\n",
-      "v2_=i2_*zl_\n",
-      "reg=(v1-v2_.real)*100/v2_.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power input=\",round(pi.real,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output=\",round(po,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Primary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Secondary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss2),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e.real,2),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",round(reg.real),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power input= 104.6 kW\n",
-        "Power output= 82.5 kW\n",
-        "Primary Cu loss= 854.0 W\n",
-        "Secondary Cu loss= 680.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 78.91 %\n",
-        "Regulation= 3.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.26, Page Number:1145"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=600#V\n",
-      "v2=1080#V\n",
-      "v=720#V\n",
-      "load=8#W\n",
-      "load2=10#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ir2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "il2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ir2_=ir2*v2/v1\n",
-      "il2_=il2*v/v1\n",
-      "ir2=math.sqrt(ir2_**2+il2_**2)\n",
-      "s=complex(load,load2)\n",
-      "s=abs(s)\n",
-      "pf=load/s\n",
-      "i=s*load2*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 21.3437474581 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.624695047554\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "i=0.5#A\n",
-      "p=30#W\n",
-      "r=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=v/v1\n",
-      "pf=p/(i*v)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sqrt(1-pf**2)\n",
-      "ip=i*sinphi\n",
-      "iw=i*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*r\n",
-      "iron_loss=p-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)turns ratio=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"ii)magnetising component of no-load current=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)working component of no-load current=\",iw,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)the iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)turns ratio= 2\n",
-        "ii)magnetising component of no-load current= 0.481045692921 A\n",
-        "iii)working component of no-load current= 0.136363636364 A\n",
-        "iv)the iron loss= 29.85 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 104
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=2000.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.2#A\n",
-      "po=90.0#W\n",
-      "vs=50.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=5.0#A\n",
-      "ps=110.0#W\n",
-      "p=3.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r0=v**2/po\n",
-      "ia0=v/r0\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(io**2-ia0**2)\n",
-      "xm=v/ip\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ps/25\n",
-      "x=math.sqrt(z**2-r**2)\n",
-      "r1=r*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "x1=x*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "i_lv1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i_lv=(p*1000/pf)/v\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "reg=i_lv*(r1*pf+x1*sinphi)/v\n",
-      "vt=v2-reg*1000/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"LV crrent at rated load=\",i_lv1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf\",i_lv,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"output secondary voltage=\",vt,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "LV crrent at rated load= 25.0 A\n",
-        "LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf 18.75 A\n",
-        "output secondary voltage= 999.832975251 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 3.34049498886 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.29, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "loss1=52.0#W\n",
-      "f1=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss2=90.0#W\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(loss1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(loss2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 45.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 25.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.30, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "m=10#kg\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f1=25.0\n",
-      "f2=40.0\n",
-      "f3=50.0\n",
-      "f4=60.0\n",
-      "f5=80.0\n",
-      "l1=18.5/f1\n",
-      "l2=36.0/f2\n",
-      "l3=50.0/f3\n",
-      "l4=66.0/f4\n",
-      "l5=104.0/f5\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([l1/f1-(A+f1*B),l2/f2-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "eddy_loss_per_kg=ans[B]*f**2/m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz=\",eddy_loss_per_kg,\"W\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "F=[f1,f2,f3,f4,f5]\n",
-      "L=[l1,l2,l3,l4,l5]\n",
-      "plt.plot(F,L)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"f -->\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Wi/f\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,100))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0.74,2))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz= -0.118333333333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      },
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458da10>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.31, Page Number:1148"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "v1=440#V\n",
-      "f1=50#Hz\n",
-      "p1=2500#W\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f2=25#Hz\n",
-      "p2=850#z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(p1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(p2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 900.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 1600.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.32, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f1=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "core=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=650.0#W\n",
-      "we=350.0#W\n",
-      "v2=2000.0#V\n",
-      "f2=100.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=wh/f1\n",
-      "b=we/f1**2\n",
-      "wh=a*f2\n",
-      "we=b*f2**2\n",
-      "new_core=wh+we\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new core loss=\",new_core,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " new core loss= 2700.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.33, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=1.4#Wb/m2\n",
-      "we=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=3000.0#W\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wh1=wh*1.1**1.6\n",
-      "we1=we*1.1**2\n",
-      "wh2=wh*0.9**(-0.6)\n",
-      "wh3=wh*1.1**1.6*1.1**(-0.6)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%=\",wh1,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%=\",wh2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%=\",wh3,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%= 3494.21441464 W and 1210.0 W\n",
-        "b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%= 3195.77171838 W\n",
-        "c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%= 3300.0 W and 1210.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 119
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.34, Page Number:1150"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "wh=600.0#W\n",
-      "we=loss-wh\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "a=wh/f\n",
-      "b=we/f**2\n",
-      "core_loss=a*f2+b*f2**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core loss at 60 Hz=\",core_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core loss at 60 Hz= 1350.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.35, Page Number:1151"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KvA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x01=34.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary voltage=\",vsc,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary voltage= 199.519931911 V\n",
-        "pf= 0.523468222173\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.36, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.7#A\n",
-      "po=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#v\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ps=85.0#W\n",
-      "load=5.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cosphi0=po/(vo*io)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi0))\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=io*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "r02=ps/i_s**2\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load/pf\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/v2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "print z02\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "1.5\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 377.788243349 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.37, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "k=1.0/6\n",
-      "r1=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "vsc=330.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=vsc/z01\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "cosphisc=i1**2*r01/(vsc*i1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in low voltage winding=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(cosphisc,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in low voltage winding= 200.396236149 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.38, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "r0=1500.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=750.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(iw**2+imu**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pi=v1*iw\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "power=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"reading of instruments=\",vsc,\"V,\",i1,\"A,\",power,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "reading of instruments= 46.8187996429 V, 20.0 A, 880.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 140
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.39, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per1=98.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "per2=98.8#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculaions\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output*100/per2\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "inpt_half=(load/2)*pf*100/per1\n",
-      "loss2=inpt_half-400\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss,(x/4)+y-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "kva=load*(ans[y]/ans[x])*0.5\n",
-      "output=kva*1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]\n",
-      "total_loss=2*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load copper loss= 4.07324441521606 kW\n",
-        "maximum efficiency= 0.968720013059872 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.40, Page Number:1154"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#v\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x01=0.37#ohm\n",
-      "r0=600.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=300.0#ohm\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tantheta=iw/imu\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(tantheta)\n",
-      "theta0=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "angle=theta0-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle))**0.5\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=x01*k**2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current= 20.6693546639 A\n",
-        "ii)secondary terminal voltage= 386.32 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 149
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.43, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=80.0\n",
-      "r1=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=1.1#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=complex(r01,x01)\n",
-      "z02=k**2*z01\n",
-      "v2=k*v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(z02.real*pf-z02.imag*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=vd*100/v2\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent impedence= (0.022+0.079j) ohm\n",
-        "ii)voltage regulation= -1.53925619835 %\n",
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 446.772727273 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.44, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=450.0#V\n",
-      "vb=120.0#V\n",
-      "v1=120.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=80.0#W\n",
-      "v2=9.65#V\n",
-      "i2=22.2#A\n",
-      "w2=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=vb/va\n",
-      "i0=i1*k\n",
-      "cosphi0=w1/(va*i0)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(cosphi0)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "iw=i0*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=i0*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=va/iw\n",
-      "x0=va/imu\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=vb/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "iron_loss=w1\n",
-      "cu_loss=(0.5**2)*w2\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf/2\n",
-      "efficiency2=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent circuit constants=\"\n",
-      "print \"z01=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r01=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8=\",efficiency*100,\"%\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent circuit constants=\n",
-        "z01= 0.434684684685 ohm\n",
-        "x01= 0.360090249002 ohm\n",
-        "r01= 0.243486729973 ohm\n",
-        "ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8= 97.5609756098 % 2.02885695496 %\n",
-        "iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8= 97.3236009732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.45, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=2200.0#V\n",
-      "vb=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=220.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=148.0#W\n",
-      "v2=86.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.5#A\n",
-      "w2=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(pf,1),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 2.94177963326 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 172
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.46, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "v=60.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "w=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v_=400.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v/i\n",
-      "r01=w/i**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage applied to hv side=\",v1+vd,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage applied to hv side= 2065.90767043 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 182
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.47, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=12.0#A\n",
-      "ws=100.0#W\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.0#A\n",
-      "wo=80.0#W\n",
-      "i2=10#A\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "pg=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cosphi0=wo/(vo*io)\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=(1-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "r02=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x02/k**2\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=wo\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=i2*v2*pf/(i2*v2*pf+total_loss)\n",
-      "v1_=((vo*pf+x01)**2+(vo*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"applied voltage=\",v1_,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "applied voltage= 251.442641983 V\n",
-        "efficiency= 96.3984469139 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.48, Page Number:1160"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=3.0#kVA\n",
-      "vo=230.0#V\n",
-      "io=2.0#A\n",
-      "wo=100.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=13.0#A\n",
-      "ws=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ws\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ws/(vs**2)\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.90121149256 %\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 194
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.49, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94\n",
-      "per=0.90\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=per*load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "core_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "pc=core_loss/per**2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=pc\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.5728354534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 196
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.50, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.96#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.0396#ohm\n",
-      "x1=15.8#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.158#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "r=r2+r1*(v2/v1)**2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "v1_=v2+i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(r/x)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)HV side voltage necessary=\",v1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)pf=\",round(pf,2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)HV side voltage necessary= 2409.9826087 V\n",
-        "b)pf= 0.97\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 199
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.51, Page Number:1162"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#v\n",
-      "r1=3.4#ohm\n",
-      "x1=7.2#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.028#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.060#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r=r1*(v2/v1)**2+r2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "ad=i*r*pf\n",
-      "dc=i*x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "oc=v2+ad+dc\n",
-      "bd=i*r*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "b_f=x*pf\n",
-      "cf=b_f-bd\n",
-      "v1_=(oc**2+cf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage on hv side=\",v1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage on hv side= 2229.28500444 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.52, Page Number:1163"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.7#A\n",
-      "w1=65.0#W\n",
-      "v=15.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "w2=75.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.80\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "ih=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2\n",
-      "constant_loss=w1\n",
-      "z=v/i2\n",
-      "r=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=load*100000/(load*1000+cu_loss+constant_loss)\n",
-      "regn=i2*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load regulation=\",regn,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.6183574879 %\n",
-        "full load regulation= 13.7942286341 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 209
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.53, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x=(z**2-cu_loss**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r01=cu_loss*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x01=x*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "z01=z*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "isc=i1*100/z\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"%x=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"primary sc current=\",isc,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "%x= 3.5721142199 %\n",
-        "resistance= 3.9204 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 7.78006477094 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 8.712 ohm\n",
-        "primary sc current= 378.787878788 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.54, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=220.0#V\n",
-      "i_o=4.2#A\n",
-      "wo=148.0#W\n",
-      "vs=86.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.5#A\n",
-      "ws=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "z10=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x01=(z10**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "v1_=((v1*pf+i1*r01)**2+(v1*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn1=(v1_-v1)/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "cu_loss_half=(i1/2)**2*r01\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000*pf*100/(load*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "efficiency_half=(load/2)*1000*pf*100/((load/2)*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "print v1_                                  \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)core loss=\",wo,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)equivalent resistance primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)equivalent resistance secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"d)equivalent reactance primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"e)equivalent reactance secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"f)regulation=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"g)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"h)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency_half,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "2265.01840886\n",
-        "a)core loss= 148.0 W\n",
-        "b)equivalent resistance primary= 3.26530612245 ohm\n",
-        "c)equivalent resistance secondary= 0.0326530612245 ohm\n",
-        "d)equivalent reactance primary= 7.51143635755 ohm\n",
-        "e)equivalent reactance secondary= 0.0751143635755 ohm\n",
-        "f)regulation= 2.95538222101 %\n",
-        "g)efficiency at full load= 97.4548448466 %\n",
-        "h)efficiency at half load= 95.0360304208 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 222
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.55, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=1.0/100\n",
-      "ex=5.0/100\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn2=er*1\n",
-      "regn3=er*pf-ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation with pf=1=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag= 3.8 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation with pf=1= 1.0 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead= -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.56, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per=0.97\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "zper=0.10\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*1\n",
-      "x=0.75\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(output*(1/per-1))\n",
-      "pc=pi/x**2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r=pc*1000/i1**2\n",
-      "er=i1*r/v1\n",
-      "ez=zper\n",
-      "ex=(ez**2-er**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 7.52529846012 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.57, Page Number:1166"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5#%\n",
-      "xdrop=3.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pur=cu_loss/100\n",
-      "pux=xdrop/100\n",
-      "regn2=pur*pf+pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn1=pur*1\n",
-      "regn3=pur*pf-pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation at unity pf=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation at 0.8 lag=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation at 0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation at unity pf= 1.5 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation at 0.8 lag= 3.3 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation at 0.8 lead= -0.9 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.58, Page Number:1168"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#KVA\n",
-      "w1=5.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=7.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "loss=total_loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*w2/2\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+2.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.0186963113 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.59, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "w1=350.0#W\n",
-      "w2=400.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+w1\n",
-      "efficiency2=(load*1000/2)/((load*1000/2)+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency at full load= 97.0873786408 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 232
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.60, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=efficiency**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of P1 and P2=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of P1 and P2= 0.5625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.61, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load1=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=1.4#kW\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.6#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "load=load1*(cu_loss/loss)**0.5\n",
-      "total_loss=loss*2\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=cu_loss*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=total_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output2=(load/2)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency2=output2/(output2+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load for max efficiency=\",load1,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"max efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load for max efficiency= 150.0 kVA\n",
-        "max efficiency= 98.283858876 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 95.2481856352 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 237
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.62, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=40#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=112#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "def e(k):\n",
-      "    e=k*pf*1000*100/(k*pf*1000+(cu_loss*(k/5)**2+40))\n",
-      "    return(e)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "e1=e(1.25)\n",
-      "e2=e(2.5)\n",
-      "e3=e(3.75)\n",
-      "e4=e(5.0)\n",
-      "e5=e(6.25)\n",
-      "e6=e(7.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=[1.25,2.5,3.75,5.0,6.25,7.5]\n",
-      "E=[e1,e2,e3,e4,e5,e6]\n",
-      "plt.plot(K,E)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"load,kVA\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Efficiency\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,8))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((92,98))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458d610>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.63, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "x=loss*1000/(1+9.0/16)\n",
-      "y=(9.0/16)*x\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*(1.0/2)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+y\n",
-      "output=load*pf*0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at hald load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at hald load= 97.9216626699 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.64, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*pf*1000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary resistance= 0.02 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 97.7284199899 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.65, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x01=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i2=1000*load*ratio/v2\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output*1000+total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/(inpt)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 2.4 w\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.8660287081 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.66, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=324.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=4*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*pf/(load*pf+cu_loss/1000+loss/1000)\n",
-      "per=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)percent of full-load=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency= 95.6708921311 %\n",
-        "ii)percent of full-load= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.67, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.8#A\n",
-      "wo=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ws=60.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "loss=ws+wo\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss/1000)\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r02=ws/i2**2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "load=load*(wo/ws)**0.5\n",
-      "load=load*1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"load at unity pf=\",load,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.0960960961 %\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 383.752729583 V\n",
-        "current= 20.0 A\n",
-        "load at unity pf= 4.32049379894 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.68, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "Wi=Symbol('Wi')\n",
-      "Wcu=Symbol('Wcu')\n",
-      "P=600.0#kVA\n",
-      "e=0.92#efficiency\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "x=0.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([(e*(1*P*1+Wi+1**2*Wcu))-(1*P*1),(e*(0.5*P*1+Wi+0.5*0.5*Wcu))-(0.5*P*1)],[Wi,Wcu])\n",
-      "e2=(x*P*pf*100)/((x*P*pf)+ans[Wi]+(x**2*ans[Wcu]))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 90.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.69, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=600.0#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "per=0.60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss1=inpt-load\n",
-      "inpt2=load/(2*efficiency)\n",
-      "loss2=inpt2-load/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss1,x+y/4-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]*0.36\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+ans[x]\n",
-      "output=load*per\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "389.913043478261\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.3282783229260 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.70, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "e1=0.98\n",
-      "e2=0.80\n",
-      "pf=8\n",
-      "z=0.05\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf1*e2\n",
-      "inpt=output/e1\n",
-      "loss=-output+inpt\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss_full=cu_loss/pf1**2\n",
-      "r=round(cu_loss_full*100/load)\n",
-      "sin=math.sin(math.acos(pf1))\n",
-      "regn=(r*pf1+5*sin)+(1.0/200)*(5*pf1-r*sin)**2\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 3.8578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.71, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=5000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=25.0#Hz\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5\n",
-      "we=0.5\n",
-      "wh=0.6\n",
-      "v2=10000.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss1=cu_loss*load/100\n",
-      "we1=we*load/100\n",
-      "wh1=wh*load/100\n",
-      "cu_loss2=cu_loss1\n",
-      "we2=(we1*(50.0/25.0)**2)\n",
-      "wh2=(wh1*(50.0/25))\n",
-      "e1=load*100/(load+cu_loss1+we1+wh1)\n",
-      "e2=load*2*100/(load*2+cu_loss2+we2+wh2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in first case=\",e1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in second case=\",e2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "20.47 0.06 0.05\n",
-        "full load efficiency in first case= 97.4658869396 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency in second case= 97.7039570103 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.72, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=300#KVA\n",
-      "r=1.5#%\n",
-      "load1=173.2#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*load*1000/100\n",
-      "iron_loss=(load1/load)**2*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(load*pf)*100/((load*pf)+(total_loss/1000))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.5610105096 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.73, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "a=0.04#m2\n",
-      "l=2.5#m\n",
-      "bm=1200\n",
-      "inpt=1200#W\n",
-      "pi=400#W\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "f2=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "n2=k*n1\n",
-      "i=1989/n1\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*inpt\n",
-      "total_loss=pi+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)n1=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"  n2=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"b)magnetising current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.00643416423287\n",
-        "a)n1= 216.0\n",
-        "  n2= 22.0\n",
-        "b)magnetising current= 9.21512347826 A\n",
-        "c)efficiency= 98.2398690135 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.74, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.8\n",
-      "x=5.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pf=r/x\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(pf)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "regn=r*math.cos(phi2)+x*math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "efficiency=100/(100+r*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)phi=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"b)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)phi= 18.4349488229 degrees\n",
-        "  ii)regulation= 5.6920997883 %\n",
-        "b)efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.75, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=3.0#A\n",
-      "wo=200.0#W\n",
-      "vsc=15.0#V\n",
-      "isc=30.0#A\n",
-      "wsc=300.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=(i/isc)**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wo)\n",
-      "z=vsc/isc\n",
-      "r=wsc/isc**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(i/v2)*(r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*v2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n",
-        "regulation= 1.72239475667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.76, Page Number:1177"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=400.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "x=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load*x*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+load*2/100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.2493723732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.77, Page Number:1178"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "v2=250#V\n",
-      "vsc=60#V\n",
-      "isc=20#A\n",
-      "wsc=150#W\n",
-      "per=1.2\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=per**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=per*load*1.0\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss*2/1000)\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "e2=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wsc)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n",
-        "full-load efficiency= 95.6251494143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.78, Page Number:1181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "cu_loss=4.5#kW\n",
-      "iron_loss=3.5#kW\n",
-      "t1=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "load1_=400.0#kW\n",
-      "load2_=300.0#kW\n",
-      "load3_=100.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.75\n",
-      "pf3=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load1=load1_/pf1\n",
-      "load2=load2_/pf2\n",
-      "load3=load3_/pf3\n",
-      "wc1=cu_loss\n",
-      "wc2=cu_loss*(load2/load1)**2\n",
-      "wc3=cu_loss*(load3/load1)**2\n",
-      "twc=(t1*wc1)+(t2*wc2)+(t3*wc3)+(t4*0)\n",
-      "iron_loss=24*iron_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=twc+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(t1*load1_)+(t2*load2_)+(t3*load3_)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 86
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.79, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=3.0#kW\n",
-      "tf=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*24/2\n",
-      "wcf=loss*tf/2\n",
-      "wch=loss/8\n",
-      "wch=wch*4\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+wch+wcf\n",
-      "output=load*tf+load*th/2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.2509225092 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.80, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "tf=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t10=14.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#1st transformer\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "tloss=inpt-load\n",
-      "y=tloss/2\n",
-      "x=y\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*tf+th*(x/2**2)+t10*(x/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=tf*load+th*load/2+t10*10\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "#2nd transformer\n",
-      "y=tloss/(1+1.0/4)\n",
-      "x=(tloss-y)\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "wc=tf*y+th*(y/2**2)+t10*(y/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+wc\n",
-      "e2=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency of forst transformer=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency ofsecond transformer=\",e2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.408163265306 1.63265306122\n",
-        "efficiency of forst transformer= 96.5245532574 %\n",
-        "efficiency ofsecond transformer= 97.7876610788 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.81, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "nl=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "ql=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "hl=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "fl=2.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-load\n",
-      "wc_fl=loss/2\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "wc_fl_4=(1.0/4)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=(1.0/2)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_ql=ql*wc_fl_4\n",
-      "wc_hl=hl*wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=fl*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc=wc_ql+wc_hl+wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wh=wc\n",
-      "loss=wh+24*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "half_output=(output/2)\n",
-      "q_load=(load/4)\n",
-      "output=ql*q_load+hl*half_output+fl*output\n",
-      "e=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 89.5592740985 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.82, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "load=15#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "pf1=0.5\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "k1=2#kW\n",
-      "k2=12#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "wc=loss/2\n",
-      "wi=loss/2\n",
-      "w1=k1/pf1\n",
-      "w2=k2/pf2\n",
-      "wc1=wc*(4/load)\n",
-      "wc2=wc\n",
-      "wc12=t1*wc1\n",
-      "wc6=t2*wc2\n",
-      "wc=(wc12+wc6)\n",
-      "wi=24*wi\n",
-      "output=(k1*t1)+(t2*k2)\n",
-      "inpt=output+wc+wi\n",
-      "e=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.918367346939 3.67346938776\n",
-        "efficiency= 95.4351795496 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.83, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "l1_=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "t=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "loss=1.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "l1=l1_/2\n",
-      "l2=l1_\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "loss=loss*2\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "wc1=t*(1.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc2=8*(2.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc=wc1+wc2\n",
-      "wi=24*1\n",
-      "loss=wc+wi\n",
-      "output=3*(l1*1)+8*(l2*1)\n",
-      "e2=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ordinary efficiency=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"all day efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ordinary efficiency= 98.6842105263 %\n",
-        "all day efficiency= 97.1480513578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.84, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94#%\n",
-      "nl=10\n",
-      "hl=5.0\n",
-      "ql=6.0\n",
-      "fl=3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(load*1000)*(1-efficiency)/efficiency\n",
-      "wch=(0.5)**2*pi\n",
-      "eh=wch*hl/1000\n",
-      "wcq=(0.25)**2*pi\n",
-      "eq=ql*wcq/1000\n",
-      "e3=pi*3/1000\n",
-      "e2=pi*24/1000\n",
-      "e=25*hl+12.5*ql+50*fl\n",
-      "efficiency=e/(e+e2+eh+eq+e3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.4557217274 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.85, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=8.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "k1=3.0#kW\n",
-      "k2=8.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.6\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x1=k1/(pf1*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=load/(1*load)\n",
-      "pc1=(0.5)**2*0.1\n",
-      "pc2=pc3=0.10\n",
-      "o1=k1*t1\n",
-      "o2=k2*t2\n",
-      "o3=k2*load\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "wc1=pc1*t1\n",
-      "wc2=pc2*t2\n",
-      "wc3=pc3*t3\n",
-      "cu_loss=wc1+wc2+wc3\n",
-      "loss=400.0*24/10000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficency= 98.27465179 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.86, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=.98\n",
-      "load=15.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0\n",
-      "t2=6.0\n",
-      "t3=6.0\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "k1=2.0\n",
-      "k2=12.0\n",
-      "k3=18.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "x1=k1/(0.5*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=k3/(pf3*load)\n",
-      "wc1=0.131\n",
-      "wc2=0.918\n",
-      "wc3=1.632\n",
-      "o1=t1*k1\n",
-      "o2=t2*k2\n",
-      "o3=t3*k3\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "loss=wc1+wc2+wc3+0.153*24\n",
-      "efficiency=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.9798386522 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.87, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=115.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "power=load*(1-k)\n",
-      "power2=k*load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)power transferred inductively=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"b)power transferred conductively=\",power2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)power transferred inductively= 1.5 kW\n",
-        "b)power transferred conductively= 1.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 145
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.88, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i1=k*i\n",
-      "saving=k*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"economy of cu=\",saving"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "economy of cu= 80.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 147
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.89, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=6600.0#V\n",
-      "v2=5000.0#V\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "phim1=1.3#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phim=e/(4.44*f)\n",
-      "area=phim/phim1\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core area=\",area*10000,\"m2\"\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the hv side=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the lv side=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core area= 277.2002772 m2\n",
-        "number of turns on the hv side= 825.0\n",
-        "number of turns on the lv side= 625.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.90, Page Number:1189"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2640*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i1_-i2\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 219.12 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 1095.6 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 91.3 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.91, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2160*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i2-i1_\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 179.28 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 896.4 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 74.7 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 160
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.92, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "iron_loss=50.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=load*1000/efficiency-load*1000-iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000/(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)\n",
-      "i2=(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"current drawn on hv side=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.9760216579 %\n",
-        "current drawn on hv side= 23.1967703349 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.93, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500#V\n",
-      "v2=2300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva=(v1+v2)*50*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage output=\",v1+v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating of auto transformer=\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage output= 13800 V\n",
-        "kVA rating of auto transformer= 690.0 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.94, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=2300.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#KVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*100/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*100/v2\n",
-      "kva1=(v1+v2)*i1/(100)\n",
-      "kva2=(v1+v2)*i2/(100)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage ratios=\",(v1+v2)/v1,\"or\",(v1+v2)/v2\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in first case=\",kva1\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in second case=\",kva2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage ratios= 1.2 or 6.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in first case= 120.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in second case= 600.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 167
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.95, Page Number:1192"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#v\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "output=2640*i2\n",
-      "i=i2*2640/v1\n",
-      "k=2640/v1\n",
-      "poweri=v1*i1*0.001\n",
-      "power=output/1000-poweri\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rating of the auto-transformer=\",output/1000,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"inductively transferred powers=\",poweri,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"conductively transferred powers=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rating of the auto-transformer= 550.0 kVA\n",
-        "inductively transferred powers= 50.0 kW\n",
-        "conductively transferred powers= 500.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 169
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.96, Page Number:1196"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "za=complex(0.5,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.,10)\n",
-      "load=100#KW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa)*math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb)*math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "96.082805253\n",
-        "SA= 74.5937961595 kW\n",
-        "SB= 25.4062038405 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.97, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r1=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "zb=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.degrees((-1)*math.acos(pf))*math.degrees(math.atan((za/zb).imag/(za/zb).real)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load of B=\",abs(za/zb)\n",
-      "print \"pf of B=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load of B= 1.21872643265\n",
-        "pf of B= 0.613584256393\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.98, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.2,4.8)\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(-pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 224.451917244 -39.3923099293\n",
-        "SB= 275.942423833 -34.8183886694\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 205
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.99, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "r1=0.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "r2=0.75\n",
-      "x2=4.0\n",
-      "load1=180.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=load1/pf\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "s1=s*z2/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "s2=s*z1/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "kw1=abs(s1)*math.cos(math.atan(s1.imag/s1.real))\n",
-      "kw2=abs(s2)*math.cos(math.atan(s2.imag/s2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW1=\",kw1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"kW2=\",kw2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "(1.25+12j)\n",
-        "kW1= 58.119626171 kW\n",
-        "kW2= 121.880373829 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.100, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(0.85,-0.527)\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA for A=\",abs(sa),math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA for B=\",abs(sb),math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA for A= 130.53263665 0.819364787986 lag\n",
-        "kVA for B= 105.238776124 0.884143252833 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.101, Page Number:1198"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "load=125.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(0.9,10)\n",
-      "zb=(100/50)*complex(1.0,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 63.0780848499 -39.929442891 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 62.1031510961 -33.7622749748 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 218
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.102, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "load2=250#kVA\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zb=(500/load2)*zb\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 471.125736359 -40.3232138964 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 281.165527855 -31.0771011508 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 219
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.103, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=1000#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.5,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=i*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ratio=zb/za\n",
-      "ib=i/(1+ratio)\n",
-      "ia=i-ib\n",
-      "ratio=ia.real/ib.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",ia\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",ib\n",
-      "print \"ratio of output=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= (504.451038576-341.246290801j)\n",
-        "IB= (295.548961424-258.753709199j)\n",
-        "ratio of output= 1.70682730924\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 220
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.104, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1.0,5.0)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.0,2.0)\n",
-      "load1=300.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(100.0/250)*zb\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "zab=za*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "drop=zab.real*240/100+zab.imag*180/100\n",
-      "v2=v2-v2*drop/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 55.8895719399 -64.6284382469 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 251.890896741 -30.9383707209 degrees\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 486.177874187 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.105, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n11=5000.0\n",
-      "n12=440.0\n",
-      "load1=200#kVA\n",
-      "n21=5000.0\n",
-      "n22=480.0\n",
-      "load2=350#kVA\n",
-      "x=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=load1*1000/n12\n",
-      "i2=load2*1000/n22\n",
-      "x1=x*n12/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x2=x*n22/(100*i2)\n",
-      "ic=(n22-n12)/0.057\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load circulation current=\",ic/i1,\"times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load circulation current= 1.54385964912 times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.106, Page Number:1203"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "ea=6600#V\n",
-      "eb=6400#V\n",
-      "za=complex(0.3,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.2,1)\n",
-      "zl=complex(8.0,6.0)\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",abs(ia),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",abs(ib),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 195.492387533 A\n",
-        "IB= 422.567795916 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 227
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.107, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "load2=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=950.0#V\n",
-      "r1=2.0\n",
-      "r2=2.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "x2=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/v1\n",
-      "ra=v1*r1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=v1*x1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/v2\n",
-      "rb=v2*r2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=v2*x2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "z=((ra+rb)**2+(xa+xb)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/z\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan((xa+xb)/(ra+rb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load circulating current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load circulating current= 25.0948635944 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.108, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=1000.0#KVA\n",
-      "load2=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=510.0#V\n",
-      "z1=3.0\n",
-      "z2=5.0\n",
-      "r=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/480\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/480\n",
-      "za=z1*v1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "zb=z2*v2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "ic=(v2-v1)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"cross current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "cross current= 315.656565657 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.109, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "loada=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "loadb=250.0#kVA\n",
-      "load=750.0#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=405.0#V\n",
-      "v2=415.0#V\n",
-      "ra=1.0\n",
-      "rb=1.5\n",
-      "xa=5.0\n",
-      "xb=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=loada*1000/400\n",
-      "ra=400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=xa*400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=loadb*1000/400\n",
-      "rb=rb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=xb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "za=complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "zl=400**2*0.001/load*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "ia=(v1*zb+(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(v2*za-(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "sa=400*ia/1000\n",
-      "sb=400*ib/1000\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real))\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross current=\",-abs(ic),math.degrees(math.atan(ic.imag/ic.real))\n",
-      "print \"b)SA=\",abs(sa),pf1,\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"  SB=\",abs(sb),pf2,\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross current= -229.754569404 -72.8972710309\n",
-        "b)SA= 387.844943528 0.820048560714 lag\n",
-        "  SB= 351.964386212 0.738709225528 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.110, Page Number:1205"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zl=complex(2.0,1.5)\n",
-      "za=complex(0.15,0.5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.1,0.6)\n",
-      "ea=207#V\n",
-      "eb=205#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2_=(ia+ib)*zl\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ia.imag/ia.real)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ib.imag/ib.real)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "pa=abs(v2_)*abs(ia)*pfa\n",
-      "pb=abs(v2_)*abs(ib)*pfb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pa,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pb,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pfa\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pfb\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output:\n",
-        " A: 6535.37583042 W\n",
-        " B: 4925.36941503 W\n",
-        "power factor:\n",
-        " A: 0.818428780129\n",
-        " B: 0.775705655277\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 248
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.111, Page Number:1206"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "ib=600.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rb=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "xa=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "xb=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "ea=245.0#V\n",
-      "eb=240.0#V\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.25,0.1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=(ea/ia)*complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=(eb/ib)*complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "i=(ea*zb+eb*za)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2=i*zl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(abs(v2)),round(math.degrees(math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real))),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 230.0 -3.0 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_kMX1E4Y.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_kMX1E4Y.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cee05..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_kMX1E4Y.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1433 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:62e227cc38186a0706017dd159987c82bd21be1d7e8602e20c55cf079ab30efe"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 33: Transformer:Three Phase"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.1, Page Number:1216"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vd=22000.0#V\n",
-      "vs=400.0#V\n",
-      "phi=0.8\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "v_phase_secondary=vs/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=(vs/vd)/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_primary=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_secondary=i_primary/K\n",
-      "il=i_secondary\n",
-      "output=math.sqrt(3)*il*vs*phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output=\",output/10000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output= 15.2420471066 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.2, Page Number:1217"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vls=11.0#kV\n",
-      "vld=33.0#kV\n",
-      "rh=35.0#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.876#ohm\n",
-      "iron_loss=3050.0#W\n",
-      "phi1=1.0\n",
-      "phi2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=(vls*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vld*1000)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i_Secondary=(w*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vls*1000)\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "fl_culoss=3*((w/(vls*math.sqrt(3)))**2)*r02\n",
-      "fl_totalloss=fl_culoss+iron_loss\n",
-      "fl_efficiency1=w*1000/(w*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "fl_efficiency2=(phi2*w*1000)/(w*phi2*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "cu_loss=.5**2*fl_culoss\n",
-      "totalloss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency1=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000*phi2/2)/((phi2*w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",fl_efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",fl_efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",round(efficiency2*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.5147491838 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.1503046336 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.3585709725 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.3, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.02\n",
-      "va=2000\n",
-      "reactance=0.1\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*100*va/100\n",
-      "regn=r*100*math.cos(phi)+reactance*100*math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Cu loss= 40.0 kW\n",
-        "Regulation= 7.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.4, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=120.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0\n",
-      "v2=400.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=1600.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss_fl=iron_loss*((4/3)**2)\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf*1000\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "efficiency1=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss_hl=0.5**2*cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "total_loss2=cu_loss_hl+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+total_loss2)\n",
-      "total_loss3=2*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(3.0/4)*w*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output+total_loss3\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"3/4 load efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "3/4 load efficiency= 96.5665236052 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.5, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rp=8.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "z=0.07\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "v1=33.0\n",
-      "v2=6.6\n",
-      "w=2*10.0**6\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "fl_i=w/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*10**3)\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rs+(rp*(K*K))\n",
-      "z_drop=z*v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z02=z_drop/fl_i\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt((z02*z02)-(r02*r02))\n",
-      "drop=fl_i*(r02*math.cos(phi)+x02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "V2=secondary_v-drop\n",
-      "line_v=V2*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/secondary_v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage\",line_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary voltage 6254.29059005 V\n",
-        "regulation= 5.23802136291 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.6, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=100.0#kWA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "rh=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.958\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=0.8*100\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=(inpt-output)*1000\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i2=((w*1000)/math.sqrt(3))/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ironloss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.0371411080502\n",
-        "2321.31925314\n",
-        "ironloss= 1185.98763622 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.7, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=5000.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6.6#kV\n",
-      "v2=33.0#kV\n",
-      "nl=15.0#kW\n",
-      "fl=50.0#kW\n",
-      "drop=0.07\n",
-      "load=3200.0#kw\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i2=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*1000)\n",
-      "impedence_drop=drop*(v2/math.sqrt(3))*1000\n",
-      "z02=impedence_drop/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=fl-nl\n",
-      "r02=cu_loss*1000/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt(z02**2-r02**2)\n",
-      "print \"full-load x02:\",x02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#when load=3200#kW\n",
-      "i2=load/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*0.8)\n",
-      "drop_=drop*1000*(r02*math.cos(phi)+z02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "regn=(drop_*100)/(v2*1000/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "vp=v1+regn/100*v1\n",
-      "print \"Primary voltage=\",vp*1000,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load x02: 15.1695784661\n",
-        "Primary voltage= 6851.39317975 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 95
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.8, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1\n",
-      "x=6\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=4800#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)+z*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2+regn/100*v2\n",
-      "secondary_vp=secondary_v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=secondary_vp/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Transformation Ratio=\",K"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Transformation Ratio= 0.423426587968\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.9, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "scv=400#V\n",
-      "sci=175#A\n",
-      "scw=17#kW\n",
-      "ocv=400#V\n",
-      "oci=150#A\n",
-      "ocw=15#kW\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=sci/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=scv/i1\n",
-      "r01=scw*1000/(3*i1*i1)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "r=i1*r01*100/v1\n",
-      "x=i1*x01*100/v1\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)-x*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "I1=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "total_loss=scw+ocw\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"% resistance=\",r,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% reactance=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"%regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "% resistance= 0.849779616989 %\n",
-        "% reactance= 6.00073499035 %\n",
-        "% efficiency= 98.0392156863 %\n",
-        "%regulation= -2.92061730062 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.10, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "secondary_rating=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "primary_i=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "voltsamps=v1*5/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i2=voltsamps/secondary_rating\n",
-      "output=pf*voltsamps/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Each coil current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Total output=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Each coil current= 125.0 A\n",
-        "Total output= 25.4034118443 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.12, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_per_transformer=load/2*1.15\n",
-      "delta_delta_rating=kVA_per_transformer*3\n",
-      "increase=(delta_delta_rating-load)*100/load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase=\",increase,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase= 72.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 126
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.13, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=20#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#v\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva_load=load/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "percent_rated=kva_load*100/w\n",
-      "kvarating_vv=2*w*0.866\n",
-      "vv_delta=kvarating_vv*100/60\n",
-      "percentage_increase=kva_load/(load/3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load of each transformer=\",kva_load,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer=\",percent_rated,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank\",kvarating_vv,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank\",vv_delta,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)percent increase in load=\",percentage_increase*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load of each transformer= 23.0940107676 kVA\n",
-        "ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer= 115.470053838 %\n",
-        "iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank 34.64 kVA\n",
-        "iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank 57.7333333333 %\n",
-        "v)percent increase in load= 177.646236674 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.14, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(pf*math.sqrt(3)*1000)\n",
-      "ip=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=v1/v\n",
-      "ip=ip*ratio\n",
-      "I=il\n",
-      "Ip=I*ratio\n",
-      "pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"delta-delta:current in the windings=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"v-v:current in the windings=\",Ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Power factor\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "delta-delta:current in the windings= 28.8683602771 A\n",
-        "v-v:current in the windings= 50.0014667312 A\n",
-        "Power factor 0.749956\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.15, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#kW\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "transformer_pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "additional_load=72.5/100*load\n",
-      "total_load=additional_load+load\n",
-      "il=total_load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Il=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"phase current=\",il/math.sqrt(3),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Il= 339.521323075 A\n",
-        "phase current= 196.022727273 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.16, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_each=(load/2)/pf\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p1=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30-phi))\n",
-      "p2=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30+phi))\n",
-      "p=p1+p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA supplied by each transformer=\",kVA_each,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"kW supplied by each transformer=\",p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA supplied by each transformer= 230.946882217 kVA\n",
-        "kW supplied by each transformer= 399.995027715 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 136
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.17, Page Number:1228"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=33.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "ilp=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "ils=ilp/(440/v2)\n",
-      "main_kva=v2*ilp*0.001\n",
-      "teaser_kva=0.866*main_kva\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage rating of each coil=\",vl\n",
-      "print \"current rating of each coil=\",ils\n",
-      "print \"main kVA=\",main_kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"teaser kVA=\",teaser_kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage rating of each coil= 2857.8\n",
-        "current rating of each coil= 43.3012701892\n",
-        "main kVA= 19.0525588833 kVA\n",
-        "teaser kVA= 16.4995159929 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 139
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.18, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "output=150.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=v2/v\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/(2*v2)\n",
-      "i1=i2*ratio\n",
-      "primary_volts=(math.sqrt(3)*v)/2\n",
-      "ratio=v2/primary_volts\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"turns ratio\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 170.454545455 A\n",
-        "turns ratio 0.524863881081\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.19, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "p=400.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2=p*1000/(pf*v)\n",
-      "ip=1.15*K*i2\n",
-      "I2m=K*i2\n",
-      "i2=ip/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#reslult\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 174.77684841 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.20, Page Number:1232"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w1=300#kW\n",
-      "w2=450#kW\n",
-      "v1=100#V\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "v2=3300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2t=(w2*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "I2m=(K*w1*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i2=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 169.804606659 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.21, Page Number:1233"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=80.0#V\n",
-      "v2=11000.0#V\n",
-      "w1=500.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=800.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"unity pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n",
-      "#0.5 pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "print \"0.5 pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "unity pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 52.2727272727 A whereas the other 2 carry 77.281082436 A each\n",
-        "0.5 pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 104.545454545 A whereas the other 2 carry 154.562164872 A each\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 171
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.22, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=50#V\n",
-      "v2=4.6*1000#V\n",
-      "load=350#kW\n",
-      "w=200#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "i2t=w*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=load*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "Ki2m=K*i2m\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(Ki2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in line A=\",i1t\n",
-      "print \"current in line B=\",i1m\n",
-      "print \"current in line C=\",i1m"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in line A= 62.5\n",
-        "current in line B= 100.11107076\n",
-        "current in line C= 100.11107076\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 173
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.23, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=231#V\n",
-      "v2=6600#v\n",
-      "volt_induced=8#v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "hv=v2/volt_induced\n",
-      "vl=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "n_lv1=vl/volt_induced\n",
-      "n_lv2=math.sqrt(3)*n_lv1/2\n",
-      "n=2*n_lv2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"neutral point is located on the\",math.ceil(n),\"th turn from A downwards\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "neutral point is located on the 29.0 th turn from A downwards\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.24, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "area=300.0#cm2\n",
-      "flux=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v/(4.44*f*flux*area*0.0001*0.9)\n",
-      "K=v2/v\n",
-      "n2=n1*K\n",
-      "n_lv=math.sqrt(3)*n2/2\n",
-      "turns=n_lv*2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"NUmber of turns in AN=\",math.floor(turns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " NUmber of turns in AN= 35.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 183
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.25, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "load=30.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "kva=il*vl*(0.001)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",vl,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage= 216.5 V\n",
-        "kVA rating 14.9995599935 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.26, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#vaiable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,5)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load*complex(math.cos(phi),math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "z1=za/zb\n",
-      "z2=zb/za\n",
-      "sa=s/(1+z1)\n",
-      "sb=s/(1+z2)\n",
-      "pfa=cmath.phase(sa)\n",
-      "pfb=cmath.phase(sb)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",abs(sa)\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",abs(sb)\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_a=\",pfa\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_b=\",pfb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 230.042839552\n",
-        "sb= 270.171613479\n",
-        "cos phi_a= 0.611765735265\n",
-        "cos phi_b= 0.670521557981\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.27, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "w1=4000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=5000#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,8)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.6,3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "za_per=(w1/w)*za\n",
-      "zb_per=zb\n",
-      "z=za_per+zb_per\n",
-      "s=complex(w1,w-w2)\n",
-      "sb=s*(za/z)\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (2284.2287695-1821.49046794j)\n",
-        "sb= (1715.7712305-1178.50953206j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 211
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.28, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "w1=1000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(0.001,0.003)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.0028,0.005)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (929.911014012-588.664867724j)\n",
-        "sb= (282.488985988-111.396729565j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.29, Page Number:1238"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "w1=500#kVA\n",
-      "w2=250#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "per_r=za.real*(sa.real)/w1\n",
-      "per_x=(za.imag)*(sa.imag)/w1\n",
-      "total_per=per_r+per_x\n",
-      "vl=v2-(total_per*4)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (399.511103547-348.770523615j)\n",
-        "sb= (130.738896453-181.639636072j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 242
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.30, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=100/5\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=i1*ratio\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 70.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.31, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=2000#A\n",
-      "i2=2500#A\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio1=i1/i\n",
-      "ratio2=i2/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio in first case=\",ratio1\n",
-      "print \"ratio in second case=\",ratio2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio in first case= 400\n",
-        "ratio in second case= 500\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_lccjYuj.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_lccjYuj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cee05..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_lccjYuj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1433 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:62e227cc38186a0706017dd159987c82bd21be1d7e8602e20c55cf079ab30efe"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 33: Transformer:Three Phase"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.1, Page Number:1216"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vd=22000.0#V\n",
-      "vs=400.0#V\n",
-      "phi=0.8\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "v_phase_secondary=vs/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=(vs/vd)/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_primary=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_secondary=i_primary/K\n",
-      "il=i_secondary\n",
-      "output=math.sqrt(3)*il*vs*phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output=\",output/10000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output= 15.2420471066 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.2, Page Number:1217"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vls=11.0#kV\n",
-      "vld=33.0#kV\n",
-      "rh=35.0#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.876#ohm\n",
-      "iron_loss=3050.0#W\n",
-      "phi1=1.0\n",
-      "phi2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=(vls*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vld*1000)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i_Secondary=(w*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vls*1000)\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "fl_culoss=3*((w/(vls*math.sqrt(3)))**2)*r02\n",
-      "fl_totalloss=fl_culoss+iron_loss\n",
-      "fl_efficiency1=w*1000/(w*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "fl_efficiency2=(phi2*w*1000)/(w*phi2*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "cu_loss=.5**2*fl_culoss\n",
-      "totalloss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency1=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000*phi2/2)/((phi2*w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",fl_efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",fl_efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",round(efficiency2*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.5147491838 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.1503046336 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.3585709725 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.3, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.02\n",
-      "va=2000\n",
-      "reactance=0.1\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*100*va/100\n",
-      "regn=r*100*math.cos(phi)+reactance*100*math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Cu loss= 40.0 kW\n",
-        "Regulation= 7.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.4, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=120.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0\n",
-      "v2=400.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=1600.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss_fl=iron_loss*((4/3)**2)\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf*1000\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "efficiency1=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss_hl=0.5**2*cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "total_loss2=cu_loss_hl+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+total_loss2)\n",
-      "total_loss3=2*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(3.0/4)*w*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output+total_loss3\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"3/4 load efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "3/4 load efficiency= 96.5665236052 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.5, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rp=8.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "z=0.07\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "v1=33.0\n",
-      "v2=6.6\n",
-      "w=2*10.0**6\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "fl_i=w/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*10**3)\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rs+(rp*(K*K))\n",
-      "z_drop=z*v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z02=z_drop/fl_i\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt((z02*z02)-(r02*r02))\n",
-      "drop=fl_i*(r02*math.cos(phi)+x02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "V2=secondary_v-drop\n",
-      "line_v=V2*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/secondary_v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage\",line_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary voltage 6254.29059005 V\n",
-        "regulation= 5.23802136291 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.6, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=100.0#kWA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "rh=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.958\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=0.8*100\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=(inpt-output)*1000\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i2=((w*1000)/math.sqrt(3))/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ironloss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.0371411080502\n",
-        "2321.31925314\n",
-        "ironloss= 1185.98763622 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.7, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=5000.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6.6#kV\n",
-      "v2=33.0#kV\n",
-      "nl=15.0#kW\n",
-      "fl=50.0#kW\n",
-      "drop=0.07\n",
-      "load=3200.0#kw\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i2=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*1000)\n",
-      "impedence_drop=drop*(v2/math.sqrt(3))*1000\n",
-      "z02=impedence_drop/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=fl-nl\n",
-      "r02=cu_loss*1000/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt(z02**2-r02**2)\n",
-      "print \"full-load x02:\",x02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#when load=3200#kW\n",
-      "i2=load/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*0.8)\n",
-      "drop_=drop*1000*(r02*math.cos(phi)+z02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "regn=(drop_*100)/(v2*1000/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "vp=v1+regn/100*v1\n",
-      "print \"Primary voltage=\",vp*1000,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load x02: 15.1695784661\n",
-        "Primary voltage= 6851.39317975 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 95
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.8, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1\n",
-      "x=6\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=4800#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)+z*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2+regn/100*v2\n",
-      "secondary_vp=secondary_v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=secondary_vp/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Transformation Ratio=\",K"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Transformation Ratio= 0.423426587968\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.9, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "scv=400#V\n",
-      "sci=175#A\n",
-      "scw=17#kW\n",
-      "ocv=400#V\n",
-      "oci=150#A\n",
-      "ocw=15#kW\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=sci/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=scv/i1\n",
-      "r01=scw*1000/(3*i1*i1)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "r=i1*r01*100/v1\n",
-      "x=i1*x01*100/v1\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)-x*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "I1=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "total_loss=scw+ocw\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"% resistance=\",r,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% reactance=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"%regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "% resistance= 0.849779616989 %\n",
-        "% reactance= 6.00073499035 %\n",
-        "% efficiency= 98.0392156863 %\n",
-        "%regulation= -2.92061730062 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.10, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "secondary_rating=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "primary_i=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "voltsamps=v1*5/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i2=voltsamps/secondary_rating\n",
-      "output=pf*voltsamps/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Each coil current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Total output=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Each coil current= 125.0 A\n",
-        "Total output= 25.4034118443 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.12, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_per_transformer=load/2*1.15\n",
-      "delta_delta_rating=kVA_per_transformer*3\n",
-      "increase=(delta_delta_rating-load)*100/load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase=\",increase,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase= 72.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 126
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.13, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=20#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#v\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva_load=load/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "percent_rated=kva_load*100/w\n",
-      "kvarating_vv=2*w*0.866\n",
-      "vv_delta=kvarating_vv*100/60\n",
-      "percentage_increase=kva_load/(load/3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load of each transformer=\",kva_load,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer=\",percent_rated,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank\",kvarating_vv,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank\",vv_delta,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)percent increase in load=\",percentage_increase*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load of each transformer= 23.0940107676 kVA\n",
-        "ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer= 115.470053838 %\n",
-        "iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank 34.64 kVA\n",
-        "iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank 57.7333333333 %\n",
-        "v)percent increase in load= 177.646236674 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.14, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(pf*math.sqrt(3)*1000)\n",
-      "ip=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=v1/v\n",
-      "ip=ip*ratio\n",
-      "I=il\n",
-      "Ip=I*ratio\n",
-      "pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"delta-delta:current in the windings=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"v-v:current in the windings=\",Ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Power factor\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "delta-delta:current in the windings= 28.8683602771 A\n",
-        "v-v:current in the windings= 50.0014667312 A\n",
-        "Power factor 0.749956\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.15, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#kW\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "transformer_pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "additional_load=72.5/100*load\n",
-      "total_load=additional_load+load\n",
-      "il=total_load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Il=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"phase current=\",il/math.sqrt(3),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Il= 339.521323075 A\n",
-        "phase current= 196.022727273 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.16, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_each=(load/2)/pf\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p1=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30-phi))\n",
-      "p2=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30+phi))\n",
-      "p=p1+p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA supplied by each transformer=\",kVA_each,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"kW supplied by each transformer=\",p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA supplied by each transformer= 230.946882217 kVA\n",
-        "kW supplied by each transformer= 399.995027715 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 136
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.17, Page Number:1228"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=33.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "ilp=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "ils=ilp/(440/v2)\n",
-      "main_kva=v2*ilp*0.001\n",
-      "teaser_kva=0.866*main_kva\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage rating of each coil=\",vl\n",
-      "print \"current rating of each coil=\",ils\n",
-      "print \"main kVA=\",main_kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"teaser kVA=\",teaser_kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage rating of each coil= 2857.8\n",
-        "current rating of each coil= 43.3012701892\n",
-        "main kVA= 19.0525588833 kVA\n",
-        "teaser kVA= 16.4995159929 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 139
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.18, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "output=150.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=v2/v\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/(2*v2)\n",
-      "i1=i2*ratio\n",
-      "primary_volts=(math.sqrt(3)*v)/2\n",
-      "ratio=v2/primary_volts\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"turns ratio\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 170.454545455 A\n",
-        "turns ratio 0.524863881081\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.19, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "p=400.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2=p*1000/(pf*v)\n",
-      "ip=1.15*K*i2\n",
-      "I2m=K*i2\n",
-      "i2=ip/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#reslult\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 174.77684841 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.20, Page Number:1232"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w1=300#kW\n",
-      "w2=450#kW\n",
-      "v1=100#V\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "v2=3300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2t=(w2*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "I2m=(K*w1*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i2=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 169.804606659 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.21, Page Number:1233"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=80.0#V\n",
-      "v2=11000.0#V\n",
-      "w1=500.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=800.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"unity pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n",
-      "#0.5 pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "print \"0.5 pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "unity pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 52.2727272727 A whereas the other 2 carry 77.281082436 A each\n",
-        "0.5 pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 104.545454545 A whereas the other 2 carry 154.562164872 A each\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 171
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.22, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=50#V\n",
-      "v2=4.6*1000#V\n",
-      "load=350#kW\n",
-      "w=200#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "i2t=w*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=load*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "Ki2m=K*i2m\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(Ki2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in line A=\",i1t\n",
-      "print \"current in line B=\",i1m\n",
-      "print \"current in line C=\",i1m"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in line A= 62.5\n",
-        "current in line B= 100.11107076\n",
-        "current in line C= 100.11107076\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 173
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.23, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=231#V\n",
-      "v2=6600#v\n",
-      "volt_induced=8#v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "hv=v2/volt_induced\n",
-      "vl=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "n_lv1=vl/volt_induced\n",
-      "n_lv2=math.sqrt(3)*n_lv1/2\n",
-      "n=2*n_lv2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"neutral point is located on the\",math.ceil(n),\"th turn from A downwards\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "neutral point is located on the 29.0 th turn from A downwards\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.24, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "area=300.0#cm2\n",
-      "flux=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v/(4.44*f*flux*area*0.0001*0.9)\n",
-      "K=v2/v\n",
-      "n2=n1*K\n",
-      "n_lv=math.sqrt(3)*n2/2\n",
-      "turns=n_lv*2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"NUmber of turns in AN=\",math.floor(turns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " NUmber of turns in AN= 35.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 183
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.25, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "load=30.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "kva=il*vl*(0.001)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",vl,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage= 216.5 V\n",
-        "kVA rating 14.9995599935 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.26, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#vaiable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,5)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load*complex(math.cos(phi),math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "z1=za/zb\n",
-      "z2=zb/za\n",
-      "sa=s/(1+z1)\n",
-      "sb=s/(1+z2)\n",
-      "pfa=cmath.phase(sa)\n",
-      "pfb=cmath.phase(sb)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",abs(sa)\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",abs(sb)\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_a=\",pfa\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_b=\",pfb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 230.042839552\n",
-        "sb= 270.171613479\n",
-        "cos phi_a= 0.611765735265\n",
-        "cos phi_b= 0.670521557981\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.27, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "w1=4000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=5000#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,8)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.6,3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "za_per=(w1/w)*za\n",
-      "zb_per=zb\n",
-      "z=za_per+zb_per\n",
-      "s=complex(w1,w-w2)\n",
-      "sb=s*(za/z)\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (2284.2287695-1821.49046794j)\n",
-        "sb= (1715.7712305-1178.50953206j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 211
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.28, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "w1=1000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(0.001,0.003)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.0028,0.005)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (929.911014012-588.664867724j)\n",
-        "sb= (282.488985988-111.396729565j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.29, Page Number:1238"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "w1=500#kVA\n",
-      "w2=250#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "per_r=za.real*(sa.real)/w1\n",
-      "per_x=(za.imag)*(sa.imag)/w1\n",
-      "total_per=per_r+per_x\n",
-      "vl=v2-(total_per*4)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (399.511103547-348.770523615j)\n",
-        "sb= (130.738896453-181.639636072j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 242
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.30, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=100/5\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=i1*ratio\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 70.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.31, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=2000#A\n",
-      "i2=2500#A\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio1=i1/i\n",
-      "ratio2=i2/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio in first case=\",ratio1\n",
-      "print \"ratio in second case=\",ratio2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio in first case= 400\n",
-        "ratio in second case= 500\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_ludD60G.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_ludD60G.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e889465f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_ludD60G.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:c262c33cbbcf1d1756b9358f8cf1d8ed92f53825858905e2598fd8e15870c7ca"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 39: Special Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.1, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "p=8.0 #number of poles\n",
-      "tp=5.0 #number of teeth for each pole\n",
-      "nr=50.0 #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=p*tp #number of stator teeth\n",
-      "B=((nr-ns)*360)/(nr*ns) #stepping angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stepping angle is \",B,\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stepping angle is  1.8 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.2, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=2.5\n",
-      "rn=25\n",
-      "f=3600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=360/B\n",
-      "s=r*rn\n",
-      "n=(B*f)/360\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resolution =\",int(r),\"steps/revolution\"\n",
-      "print \" Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions =\",int(s)\n",
-      "print \" Shaft speed\", int(n),\"rps\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " Resolution = 144 steps/revolution\n",
-        "Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions = 3600\n",
-        "Shaft speed 25 rps\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.3, Page Number:1544"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=15 #stepping angle\n",
-      "pn=3 #number of phases\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#number of stator teeth\n",
-      "ns1=((360*nr)/(360-(nr*B))) #ns>nr\n",
-      "ns2=((360*nr)/(360+(nr*B))) #nr>ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"When ns>nr: ns= \",ns1\n",
-      "print \"When nr>ns: ns= \",ns2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "When ns>nr: ns=  12\n",
-        "When nr>ns: ns=  6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.4, Page Number:1545"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=1.8\n",
-      "pn=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "ns=nr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of rotor teeth = \",int(nr)\n",
-      "print \"Number of statot teeth = \",int(ns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of rotor teeth =  50.0\n",
-        "Number of statot teeth =  50.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.5, Page Number:1555"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=40\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a) For a=40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=(-40)\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"b) For a=-40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "e12=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-150))\n",
-      "e23=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-30))\n",
-      "e31=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a+90))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"c) For a=30 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e12=\" ,e12,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e23=\" ,e23,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e31=\" ,e31,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a) For a=40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "   e3s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "b) For a=-40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "   e3s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "c) For a=30 degrees\n",
-        "   e12= -17.3205080757 V\n",
-        "   e23= 34.6410161514 V\n",
-        "   e31= -17.3205080757 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_mC9HXIe.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_mC9HXIe.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ce13ea95..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_mC9HXIe.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:072a977ff7e7f41108f647b699866e16f58bf91b148a03cefc5a07bc1eeda05b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 30:Speed Control of D.C. Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.1, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "n=250#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "ra=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "ia2=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 320.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.2, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 828.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=80.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "r1=(n2*eb1*v)/(n*eb2*ish1)\n",
-      "r=r1-rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/r1\n",
-      "torque_ratio=ish2*ia2/(ish1*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torque=\",torque_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 68.9506880734 ohm\n",
-        "ratio of torque= 1.25411235955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/(rf+r)\n",
-      "ia2=ia*1/ish2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ish2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"new armature current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 2939.0 rpm\n",
-        "new armature current= 40.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.5, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rt=Symbol('rt')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=solve(((n2*eb1*(v/rt))/(n*(v-(ia*ra/(v/rt)))))-1,rt)\n",
-      "r=rt[0]-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 88.3128987990058 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.6, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=1+0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "x=solve((ratio*eb1/((v-ia*ra*x)*x))-1,x)\n",
-      "per=1-1/x[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"main flux has to be reduced by=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "main flux has to be reduced by= 37.2991677469778 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.7, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=10#kW\n",
-      "i=41#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rw=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio1=1-0.50\n",
-      "n=2500\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ratio1*ia1/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*(ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"motor speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 26.0 A\n",
-        "motor speed= 2987.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.8, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "n=850#rpm\n",
-      "ia=72.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "n2=1650#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=40#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ratio=(n*eb2)/(n2*eb1)\n",
-      "per=1-ratio\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 46.5636857585 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.9, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ia2=solve((((v-ra*ia2)*ia2)/(eb1*ratio*ia))-1,ia2)\n",
-      "per=ia/ia2[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mail flux should be reduced by=\",round(per,4)*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mail flux should be reduced by= 62.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.10, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=ratio*(v-ia*ra)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in the series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in the series= 5.25 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.11, Page Number:1036"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-i_f)*ra\n",
-      "kpsi=eb0/1000\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n1=eb1/kpsi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n1,1),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 966.2 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.12, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "i2=20#A\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb/n\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/(ia)-ra\n",
-      "eb3=v-i2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 1.15 ohm\n",
-        "speed= 922.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.13, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.48#kW\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=990#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2#A\n",
-      "n2=450#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "losses=input_p-load*1000\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "loss_nl=losses-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "eb1=v-20-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb1/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "total_loss=ia**2*(r+ra)+loss+loss_nl\n",
-      "output=input_p-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor input=\",input_p/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor input= 8.5 kW\n",
-        "armature current= 36.6363636364 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.93403113016 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 41.6691237902 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.14, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb1=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=990.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in series= 4.55353535354 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 83
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.15, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k2=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "rf1=v/if1\n",
-      "rf2=v/if2\n",
-      "r=rf2-rf1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 100.0 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.16, Page Number:1039"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=22.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k1=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "if2=n2*ia/n\n",
-      "ia2=solve(v-ra*ia2-(k1*ia*if1*n2)/ia2,ia2)\n",
-      "if2=ia*if1/ia2[0]\n",
-      "r=v/if2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new field resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new field resistance to be added= 306.828780053869 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.17, Page Number:1040"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "output=25#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-if1\n",
-      "il=ratio*ia\n",
-      "r=v/il\n",
-      "r_ext=r-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",round(r_ext,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 1.341 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.18, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=17.5#A\n",
-      "n2=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",round(r,1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 4.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.19, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ra=1.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=500#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4#A\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=26#A\n",
-      "r=2.3#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2_=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "n2__=n*eb2/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%=\",round(n2__),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected= 831.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%= 978.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.20, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=ia2=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia2/2\n",
-      "n3=n*(v-ia3*rt)/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 771.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.21, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=20#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=1.0/2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at half full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 550.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at half full-load torque= 588.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 137
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.22, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=30.0#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at double full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 427.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at double full-load torque= 317.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.23, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "n=750.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=250.0#N-m\n",
-      "r=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t1=load/(2*3.14*(n/60))\n",
-      "ia1=load/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*math.sqrt(t2/t1)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia1*n/(eb1*ia2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which machine will run=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which machine will run= 381.789716486 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.24, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=7.46*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2.0#A\n",
-      "n2=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=output/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-20-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "input_m=(v)*(ia2+ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_cu_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_loss-total_cu_loss\n",
-      "stray_loss2=stray_loss*n2/n\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia1**2*rt\n",
-      "total_loss2=stray_loss2+cu_loss_f+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "output2=input_m-total_loss2\n",
-      "efficiency=output2*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"overall efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 4460.66115702 W\n",
-        "armature current= 36.5330578512 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.42352222599 ohm\n",
-        "overall efficiency= 52.619059225 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.25, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=15.0#A\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "n2=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=((v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia)-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia/2\n",
-      "eb3=v-ia3*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 615.584415584 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.26, Page Number:1045"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "inl=3.5#A\n",
-      "il=59.5#A\n",
-      "rf=267.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2.0#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.02\n",
-      "speed_ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=inl-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra-vd\n",
-      "ia2=il-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-vd\n",
-      "n1_by_n2=eb1*(1-ratio)/eb2\n",
-      "per_change=(1-1/n1_by_n2)*100\n",
-      "r=solve(eb2*speed_ratio/(eb2-ia2*r)-1,r)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"change in speed=\",per_change,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r[0],\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "change in speed= 0.83357557339 %\n",
-        "resistance to be added= 3.33092370774547 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*(n2/n)**2\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resustance that must be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resustance that must be added= 1.32708333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "i_permissible=i*ratio\n",
-      "ia_per=i_permissible-ish\n",
-      "ra_total=v/ia_per\n",
-      "r_required=ra_total-ra\n",
-      "torque=ratio*ta\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_required,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed at starting=\",torque,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "net torque= 365.403326173 N-m\n",
-        "starting resistance= 0.913513513514 ohm\n",
-        "torque developed at starting= 548.104989259 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.29, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "rf=40.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=55.0#A\n",
-      "n=595.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.58#ohm\n",
-      "n2=630.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia_=15.0#A\n",
-      "rd=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ra1=r+ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra1*ia1\n",
-      "ia2=ia1\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*(n2/n)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia1\n",
-      "eb2_=v-ia_*ra1\n",
-      "n2=eb2_*n/eb1\n",
-      "eb3=eb1\n",
-      "IR=v-eb3-ia2*ra\n",
-      "pd=v-IR\n",
-      "i_d=pd/rd\n",
-      "i=ia2+i_d\n",
-      "R=IR/i\n",
-      "I=solve(rd*(I-ia_)-v+R*I,I)\n",
-      "eb4=v-R*I[0]-ia_*ra\n",
-      "n4=n*(eb4/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature circuit resistance should be reduced by=\",ra1-r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when Ia=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"value of series resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor current falls to 15A=\",n4,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature circuit resistance should be reduced by= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "speed when Ia= 668.5 rpm\n",
-        "value of series resistance= 0.344418052257 ohm\n",
-        "speed when motor current falls to 15A= 636.922222222222 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.31, Page Number:1051"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=math.sqrt(2*2**0.5*i**2)\n",
-      "n2=n*2*i/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n",
-        "current= 25.2268924576 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.32, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=707#rpm\n",
-      "ia1=100#A\n",
-      "v=85#V\n",
-      "rf=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ra_total=ra+(2*rf)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra_total\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**0.5\n",
-      "rf=rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)*(2*ia1/ia2)\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n/n2)*eb2))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1029.46885374 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.171040764009 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.33, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "R=v/ia-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at starting=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at 1000 rpm\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added at starting= 5.7 ohm\n",
-        "resistance to be added at 1000 rpm 1.9 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.34, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=20.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**(3.0/4.0)\n",
-      "n2=n*ratio*ia1/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 33.6358566101 A\n",
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.35, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=350.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia*(n2/n)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "V=solve((n2*eb1*ia2/(n*ia))+ia2-V,V)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage=\",V[0],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " current= 35.7142857143 A\n",
-        "voltage= 433.673469387755 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.36, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=10.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.70\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "r_total=ra+rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-r_total*ia\n",
-      "n2=(eb2*n/(eb1*ratio))\n",
-      "    \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1444.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.37, Page Number:1054"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=(ratio*2*ia**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/ia2)*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 777.147765122 rpm\n",
-        "speed= 69.2820323028 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.38, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#when divertor is added\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+4*r)\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*(ra+rd)/rd)**0.5\n",
-      "ra_=rd*ra/(ra+rd)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra_\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*3/(2*ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#rearranged field coils in two series and parallel group\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*2)**0.5\n",
-      "r=ra+r\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*r\n",
-      "n2_=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/(ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when divertor was added=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when field coils are rearranged=\",n2_,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when divertor was added= 1112.87640676 rpm\n",
-        "speed when field coils are rearranged= 1275.19533144 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.39, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "rf=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=20#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-il*(ra+rf/4)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(1/(1-ratio))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1162.92198261 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.40, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=200.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rd=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=ra+rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "i2=solve(((rd+rf)*i2**2)-(v*i2)-(i**2*rd),i2)\n",
-      "pd=v-i2[1]*rf\n",
-      "ia2=((rd+rf)*i2[1]-v)/rd\n",
-      "eb2=pd-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(i/i2[1])*n\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 342.848235418389 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.41, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "r=3#ohm\n",
-      "i2=15#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-(r+ra)*i2\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)/ratio\n",
-      "power_ratio=(n*i)/(n2*i2*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of power outputs=\",power_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 1349.65437788 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of power outputs= 1.48186086214\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.42, Page Number:1057"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "I=(i**2*ratio**3)**0.5\n",
-      "eb2=I*ratio*v/i\n",
-      "R=(v-eb2)/I\n",
-      "pa=v*i/1000\n",
-      "power_n=pa*ratio**4\n",
-      "pa=eb2*I\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resistance required=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Resistance required= 7.26432660412 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.44, Page Number:1060"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "n2=550#rpm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi1=eb1/n\n",
-      "eb2=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi2=eb2/n2\n",
-      "eb_=v-i*2*r\n",
-      "n=eb_/((eb1/n2)+(eb2/n))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 248.120300752 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.45, Page Number:1061"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ratio1=5.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "t=882#N-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "k=v/(n*i/60)\n",
-      "I=(t/((ratio1+ratio2)*0.159*k))**0.5\n",
-      "nsh=v/((ratio1+ratio2)*k*I)\n",
-      "eb1=ratio1*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "eb2=ratio2*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",I,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of shaft=\",round(nsh*60),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage across the motors=\",round(eb1),\"V,\",round(eb2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 49.5202984449 A\n",
-        "speed of shaft= 134.0 rpm\n",
-        "voltage across the motors= 139.0 V, 111.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.46, Page Number:1063"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "t=700#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.008#ohm\n",
-      "rf=55#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=375#N-m\n",
-      "n2=1050#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*t/60\n",
-      "power_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "im=power_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=im-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*t2/t\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=eb2/ia2-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"dynamic break resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "dynamic break resistance= 0.795525014538 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 118
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.47, Page Number:1064"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "n=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.746\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "eb=v-I*ra\n",
-      "vt=v+eb\n",
-      "i_max=2*I\n",
-      "r=vt/i_max\n",
-      "R=r-ra\n",
-      "N=n/60\n",
-      "phizp_by_a=eb/N\n",
-      "k4=phizp_by_a*v/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "k3=phizp_by_a**2/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "tb=k4+k3*N\n",
-      "tb0=k4\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"breaking resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque=\",tb,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque when N=0 =\",tb0,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "breaking resistance= 6.1 ohm\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque= 1028.3970276 N-m\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque when N=0 = 522.360394972 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.48, Page Number:1069"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=120#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "l=20*0.001#H\n",
-      "ka=0.05#V/rpm motor constant\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vt=ia*ra\n",
-      "alpha=vt/v\n",
-      "#when alpha=1\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "N=eb/ka\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"range of speed control=\",0,\"to\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"range of duty cycle=\",(alpha),\"to\",1"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " range of speed control= 0 to 2200.0 rpm\n",
-        "range of duty cycle= 0.0833333333333 to 1\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.49, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=ratio*i\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r_start=r1-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_start,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 2.78842716711 ohm\n",
-        "back emf= 66.6666666667 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 125
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.50, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r1=v/ia\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.812 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.215 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.815 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.546 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.366 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.246 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.51, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=6\n",
-      "load=3.73#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=output-load\n",
-      "cu_loss=total_loss*ratio\n",
-      "i=output*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-i1\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss*1000/ia**2\n",
-      "i_per=i*2\n",
-      "ia_per=i_per-i1\n",
-      "r1=v/ia_per\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.627 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.709 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.468 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.309 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.52, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "load=36.775#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.05\n",
-      "rsh=200#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=input_m*ratio\n",
-      "cu_loss_sh=v**2/rsh\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=cu_loss-cu_loss_sh\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss_a/ia**2\n",
-      "k=(v/(ia*ra))**(1.0/(n))\n",
-      "i1=k*ia\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.974 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.36 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.219 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.133 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.0 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.081 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.53, Page Number:1082"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.125#ohm\n",
-      "i2=150.0#A\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve((i1/i2)**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r6/k\n",
-      "r8=r7/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-r8\n",
-      "p8=r8-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 8th section=\",round(p8,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.313 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.234 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.176 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.132 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.099 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.056 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 8th section= 0.042 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.54, Page Number:1083"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=20\n",
-      "ra=1.31#ohm\n",
-      "t=218#N-m\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "slot=60\n",
-      "phi=23*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=t/(0.159*phi*slot*z)\n",
-      "i1=ia*ratio\n",
-      "i2=ia\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve(k**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 2.237 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.491 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.994 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.678 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.55, Page Number:1084"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "drop=0.02\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "i_per=1.30\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=i_per*il\n",
-      "vd=drop*v\n",
-      "rm=vd/il\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r=(r1-rm)/6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of each rheostat=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of each rheostat= 0.615721729566 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 165
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.56, Page Number:1085"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=55.95#kW\n",
-      "v=650.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.51#ohm\n",
-      "i1=140.0#A\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "per=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=((per+1)/ratio-per)*r1\n",
-      "r3=(per+1)*r2/ratio-per*r1\n",
-      "r4=((per+1)*r3/ratio)-per*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"number of steps=\",3\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "number of steps= 3\n",
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.364 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 1.17 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 170
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_nCAK7Pv.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_nCAK7Pv.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 90e078d2..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_nCAK7Pv.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1739 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:4fa0d818a53ec5608949c7725a11f84c78952680d73d506e4179ac596da192fb"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 38: Synchronous Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.1, Page Number:1495"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=75#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.95\n",
-      "xs=2.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/4\n",
-      "pm=p*1000/loss\n",
-      "ia=pm/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vol_phase=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power= 78947.3684211 W\n",
-        "armature current= 129.489444346 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.2, Page Number:1498"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=20\n",
-      "vl=693#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "lag=0.5#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#lag=0.5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "print \"displacement:0.5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#lag=5\n",
-      "lag=5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"displacement:5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "displacement:0.5%\n",
-        "alpha= 5.0 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (3.4871338335-0.152251551219j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 4189.63221768 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "displacement:5%\n",
-        "alpha= 50 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (30.6497244054-14.2922012106j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 40591.222447 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.3, Page Number:1499"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V/ph\n",
-      "i=32.0#A/ph\n",
-      "xs=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xs)**2)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xs)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 512.249938995 V\n",
-        "delta= 38.6598082541 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.4, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=150#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "xd=32#ohm\n",
-      "xq=20#ohm\n",
-      "alpha=16#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=2*vp\n",
-      "ex_power=eb*vp*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/xd\n",
-      "rel_power=(vp**2*(xd-xq)*math.sin(math.radians(2*alpha)))/(2*xd*xq)\n",
-      "pm=3*(ex_power+rel_power)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1121.29686485 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.5, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "P=1.5#MW\n",
-      "phi=3.0\n",
-      "xd=4.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "xq=3.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "sin_phi=0\n",
-      "cos_phi=1\n",
-      "phi=0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v1=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=P*math.pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(3)*v*cos_phi)\n",
-      "tan_sigma=(v1*sin_phi-ia*xq)/(v1*cos_phi)\n",
-      "sigma=math.atan(tan_sigma)\n",
-      "alpha=phi-sigma\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(sigma)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(sigma)\n",
-      "eb=v1*math.cos(alpha)-i_d*xd\n",
-      "#eb=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)\n",
-      "#dPm/d(alpha)=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)=0\n",
-      "ans=solve([(604.0*x**2+1029.0*x-302.0)],[x])\n",
-      "alpha2=math.acos(math.radians(ans[1][0]))\n",
-      "Pm=1029*math.sin(alpha2)+151*math.sin(alpha2)\n",
-      "max_P=Pm*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop=\",round(max_P),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop= 3540.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.6, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=30#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*3\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "z_drop=ia*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt((vp**2+z_drop**2-(2*vp*z_drop*math.cos(theta+phi))))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power supplied=\",p2/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"KW\"\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "    "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power supplied= 914.522826396 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 903.722826396 KW\n",
-        "induced emf= 13039.2734763 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.7, Page Number:1507"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "pf=1\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xq)**2)+((xd-xq)*14.8)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xq)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 502.648089715 V\n",
-        "delta= 27.4744316263 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.8, Page Number:1508"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=800#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output*1000+loss+ex_loss\n",
-      "ia=(v*pf-math.sqrt(v**2*pf**2-4*r*pm))/(2*r)\n",
-      "m_input=loss*ia*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/m_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commercial efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commercial efficiency= 82.1029269497 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.9, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "il=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x//r)\n",
-      "v=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"volt/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Eb= 1708.04482042 volt/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.10, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "vl=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "il=50#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#0.8 lagging\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi-theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 lag: Eb=\",eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#0.8 leading\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 leading:Eb=\",eb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.8 lag: Eb= 5651.1180113\n",
-        "0.8 leading:Eb= 7705.24623679\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.11, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)-phi)))\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=1: Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lag:Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lead:Eb=\",eb3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf=1: Eb= 107.703296143 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lag:Eb= 82.4621125124 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lead:Eb= 128.062484749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.12, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "r=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=40#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ra=ia*r\n",
-      "xa=ia*x\n",
-      "za=math.sqrt(ra**2+xa**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(vp**2+za**2-(2*vp*za*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "alpha1=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta)/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta-phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta-phi)/eb2)\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta+phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha3=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"at pf=1\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb1*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 lagging\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 leading\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha3),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "at pf=1\n",
-        "Eb= 11283.8105339 V\n",
-        "alpha= 18.7256601694 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 lagging\n",
-        "Eb= 8990.39249633 V\n",
-        "alpha= 10.0142654731 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 leading\n",
-        "Eb= 13283.8907748 V\n",
-        "alpha= 7.71356041367 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.14, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,0.866)\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "output=6000#W\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z.real\n",
-      "motor_intake=output+loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(motor_intake/(v*i))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)*i\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)-phi)))\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "lag:eb= 154.286783862 V\n",
-        "lag:eb= 213.765547573 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.15, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,6)\n",
-      "lag=3#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=lag*8/2\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(eb**2+eb**2-(2*eb*eb*(math.cos(math.radians(alpha)))))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=theta-(math.asin(eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/er))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "total_input=3*eb*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=total_input-cu_loss\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*eb/zs)-(eb**2*z.real/(zs**2))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power of the motor=\",pm/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power of motor=\",pm_max/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 44.1583059199 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.99927231631\n",
-        "power of the motor= 165.803353329 kW\n",
-        "max power of motor= 250.446734776 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 72
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.16, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250#V\n",
-      "lead=150#degrees\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "x=2.5#times resistance\n",
-      "alpha=lead/3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+eb**2-(2*v*eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha))))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x)\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"pf at which the motor is operating=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf at which the motor is operating= 0.928476690885\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.17, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=900#kW\n",
-      "e=8900#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "icos=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "bc=r*icos\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "i=icos/math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 149.188331836 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 82
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.18, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ia1zs=ia1*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(va**2+ia1zs**2-(2*va*ia1zs*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "ia2cosphi2=inpt2*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "cosphi2=x*ia2cosphi2\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-cosphi2*2)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(ac/cosphi2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.atan(cosphi2/ac)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"new power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power angle= 25.8661450552 degrees\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.436270181217\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.19, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=5472#W\n",
-      "x=10#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iacosphi=inpt/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=iacosphi*zs\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(va**2-iazs**2)\n",
-      "oc=va-ac\n",
-      "bc=iazs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/iazs)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "ia=iacosphi/pf\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(bc/ac)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 19.9987718079 degrees\n",
-        "power factor= 0.984809614116\n",
-        "armature current= 8.01997824686 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.20, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "xs=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=800.0#kW\n",
-      "e=2500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ep=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "i2=solve(((i1*xs+r*i2)**2+(vp+i1*r-xs*i2)**2)-ep**2,i2)\n",
-      "i=math.sqrt(i1**2+i2[0]**2)\n",
-      "pf=i1/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line currrent=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line currrent= 241.492937915 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.956301702525\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 152
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.21, Page Number:1516"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=650#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "power=inpt*1000+ex_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt*1000-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/power\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power=\",power,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 13.0516151762 A\n",
-        "power= 8110.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.6693343026 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 156
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.22, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "inpt=800#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ip=ia/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=ip*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+iazs**2-(2*v*iazs*(-1)*pf))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(iazs*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 4972.19098879 V\n",
-        "rotor angle= 17.0098509277 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.23, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=75#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "r=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.925\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)-phi\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "ns=120*50/40\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eb,\"eb\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 235.683320812 eb\n",
-        "mechanical power= 79437.5456538 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.24, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "zs=x=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "i2=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iazs=i*zs\n",
-      "xs=math.sqrt(x**2-r**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "iazs2=i2*zs\n",
-      "phi=theta-math.acos(vp**2-vp**2+iazs2**2/(2*vp*iazs2))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "input_m=math.sqrt(3)*v*i2*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ns=120*50/6\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque developed=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque developed= 310.739709828 N-m\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.912650996943\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 161
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.25, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "xs=10#W/phase\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+zs**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"minimum current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"inducedemf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "minimum current= 12.6677441416 A\n",
-        "inducedemf= 263.401798584 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.26, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=37.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=ia*abs(zs)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(zs.imag/zs.real)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(math.sin(theta+phi)*er/eb)\n",
-      "pm=3*eb*vp*math.sin(alpha)/abs(zs)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 495.407915636 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power developed= 44844.4875189 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 206
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.27, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "xs=20.0#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500.0#kW\n",
-      "phi2=Symbol('phi2')\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "er=ia*xs\n",
-      "zs=xs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(inpt2*1000*zs/(3*eb*vp))\n",
-      "#vp/eb=cos(alpha+phi2)/cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#solving we get\n",
-      "phi2=math.radians(19.39)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power factor= 0.943280616635\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 228
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.28, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "x=4#ohms/phase\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohms/phase\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "loss=2#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(complex(r,x))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2)\n",
-      "pm=3*pm_max\n",
-      "output=pm-loss*1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum power output= 51.3898913442 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.29, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=10#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "eb=1600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=x/z\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*v/z)-(eb**2*pf/zs)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "tg_max=9.55*pm_max/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total torque=\",tg_max,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total torque= 5505.51976175 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.30, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variabke declaration\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "x=3#ohm/phase\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=ia*x\n",
-      "sinphi=(eb**2-vp**2-zs**2)/(2*zs*vp)\n",
-      "phi=math.asin(sinphi)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "pi=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf/1000\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pi*1000/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",pi,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power input= 669.029147347 kW\n",
-        "power factor= 0.965660395791\n",
-        "torque= 4259.48557144 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 234
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.31, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "e=3800#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=theta\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(vp**2+eb**2-(2*vp*eb*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "pm_max=((eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total mechanical power=\",pm_max,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total mechanical power= 604356.888001 W\n",
-        "current= 151.417346198 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.857248980398\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 235
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.32, Page Number:1521"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=415#V\n",
-      "e=520#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,4)\n",
-      "loss=1000#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+e**2-(2*v*e*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "i=er/zs\n",
-      "il=math.sqrt(3)*i\n",
-      "pm_max=((e*v/zs)-(e**2*z.real/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "output=pm_max-loss\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*z.real\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*il*v)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output= 134.640174346 kW\n",
-        "line current= 268.015478962 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.890508620247\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.4816159071 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.33, Page Number:1524"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*efficiency*pf)\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*il**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf= 494.75258624 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power= 39.6138268735 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.34, Page Number:1525"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=48#kW\n",
-      "v=693#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ratio=0.3\n",
-      "x=2#W/phase\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(float(\"inf\"))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta-phi)))\n",
-      "i_cosphi=pf*il\n",
-      "bc=i_cosphi*x\n",
-      "eb=eb+(ratio*eb)\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "i2=i_cosphi/pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 46.3871111945 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.862084919821\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.35, Page Number:1526"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kW\n",
-      "inpt=240.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "total_load=inpt+load\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "kVAR=total_load*math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "#factory load\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "kVAR=inpt*math.tan(phil)\n",
-      "kVA=inpt/pf\n",
-      "kVAR1=total_load*math.sin(phil)\n",
-      "lead_kVAR=kVAR1-kVAR\n",
-      "#synchronous motor\n",
-      "phim=math.atan(lead_kVAR/load)\n",
-      "motorpf=math.cos(phim)\n",
-      "motorkVA=math.sqrt(load**2+lead_kVAR**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"leading kVAR supplied by the motor=\",motorkVA\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "leading kVAR supplied by the motor= 60.0\n",
-        "pf= 0.8\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_nK3AyHX.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_nK3AyHX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ce13ea95..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_nK3AyHX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:072a977ff7e7f41108f647b699866e16f58bf91b148a03cefc5a07bc1eeda05b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 30:Speed Control of D.C. Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.1, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "n=250#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "ra=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "ia2=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 320.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.2, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 828.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=80.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "r1=(n2*eb1*v)/(n*eb2*ish1)\n",
-      "r=r1-rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/r1\n",
-      "torque_ratio=ish2*ia2/(ish1*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torque=\",torque_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 68.9506880734 ohm\n",
-        "ratio of torque= 1.25411235955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/(rf+r)\n",
-      "ia2=ia*1/ish2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ish2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"new armature current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 2939.0 rpm\n",
-        "new armature current= 40.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.5, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rt=Symbol('rt')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=solve(((n2*eb1*(v/rt))/(n*(v-(ia*ra/(v/rt)))))-1,rt)\n",
-      "r=rt[0]-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 88.3128987990058 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.6, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=1+0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "x=solve((ratio*eb1/((v-ia*ra*x)*x))-1,x)\n",
-      "per=1-1/x[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"main flux has to be reduced by=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "main flux has to be reduced by= 37.2991677469778 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.7, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=10#kW\n",
-      "i=41#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rw=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio1=1-0.50\n",
-      "n=2500\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ratio1*ia1/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*(ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"motor speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 26.0 A\n",
-        "motor speed= 2987.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.8, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "n=850#rpm\n",
-      "ia=72.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "n2=1650#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=40#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ratio=(n*eb2)/(n2*eb1)\n",
-      "per=1-ratio\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 46.5636857585 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.9, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ia2=solve((((v-ra*ia2)*ia2)/(eb1*ratio*ia))-1,ia2)\n",
-      "per=ia/ia2[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mail flux should be reduced by=\",round(per,4)*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mail flux should be reduced by= 62.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.10, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=ratio*(v-ia*ra)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in the series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in the series= 5.25 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.11, Page Number:1036"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-i_f)*ra\n",
-      "kpsi=eb0/1000\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n1=eb1/kpsi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n1,1),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 966.2 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.12, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "i2=20#A\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb/n\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/(ia)-ra\n",
-      "eb3=v-i2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 1.15 ohm\n",
-        "speed= 922.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.13, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.48#kW\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=990#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2#A\n",
-      "n2=450#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "losses=input_p-load*1000\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "loss_nl=losses-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "eb1=v-20-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb1/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "total_loss=ia**2*(r+ra)+loss+loss_nl\n",
-      "output=input_p-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor input=\",input_p/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor input= 8.5 kW\n",
-        "armature current= 36.6363636364 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.93403113016 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 41.6691237902 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.14, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb1=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=990.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in series= 4.55353535354 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 83
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.15, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k2=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "rf1=v/if1\n",
-      "rf2=v/if2\n",
-      "r=rf2-rf1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 100.0 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.16, Page Number:1039"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=22.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k1=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "if2=n2*ia/n\n",
-      "ia2=solve(v-ra*ia2-(k1*ia*if1*n2)/ia2,ia2)\n",
-      "if2=ia*if1/ia2[0]\n",
-      "r=v/if2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new field resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new field resistance to be added= 306.828780053869 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.17, Page Number:1040"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "output=25#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-if1\n",
-      "il=ratio*ia\n",
-      "r=v/il\n",
-      "r_ext=r-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",round(r_ext,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 1.341 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.18, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=17.5#A\n",
-      "n2=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",round(r,1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 4.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.19, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ra=1.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=500#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4#A\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=26#A\n",
-      "r=2.3#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2_=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "n2__=n*eb2/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%=\",round(n2__),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected= 831.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%= 978.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.20, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=ia2=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia2/2\n",
-      "n3=n*(v-ia3*rt)/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 771.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.21, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=20#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=1.0/2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at half full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 550.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at half full-load torque= 588.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 137
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.22, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=30.0#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at double full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 427.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at double full-load torque= 317.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.23, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "n=750.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=250.0#N-m\n",
-      "r=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t1=load/(2*3.14*(n/60))\n",
-      "ia1=load/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*math.sqrt(t2/t1)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia1*n/(eb1*ia2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which machine will run=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which machine will run= 381.789716486 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.24, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=7.46*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2.0#A\n",
-      "n2=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=output/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-20-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "input_m=(v)*(ia2+ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_cu_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_loss-total_cu_loss\n",
-      "stray_loss2=stray_loss*n2/n\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia1**2*rt\n",
-      "total_loss2=stray_loss2+cu_loss_f+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "output2=input_m-total_loss2\n",
-      "efficiency=output2*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"overall efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 4460.66115702 W\n",
-        "armature current= 36.5330578512 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.42352222599 ohm\n",
-        "overall efficiency= 52.619059225 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.25, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=15.0#A\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "n2=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=((v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia)-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia/2\n",
-      "eb3=v-ia3*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 615.584415584 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.26, Page Number:1045"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "inl=3.5#A\n",
-      "il=59.5#A\n",
-      "rf=267.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2.0#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.02\n",
-      "speed_ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=inl-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra-vd\n",
-      "ia2=il-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-vd\n",
-      "n1_by_n2=eb1*(1-ratio)/eb2\n",
-      "per_change=(1-1/n1_by_n2)*100\n",
-      "r=solve(eb2*speed_ratio/(eb2-ia2*r)-1,r)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"change in speed=\",per_change,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r[0],\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "change in speed= 0.83357557339 %\n",
-        "resistance to be added= 3.33092370774547 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*(n2/n)**2\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resustance that must be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resustance that must be added= 1.32708333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "i_permissible=i*ratio\n",
-      "ia_per=i_permissible-ish\n",
-      "ra_total=v/ia_per\n",
-      "r_required=ra_total-ra\n",
-      "torque=ratio*ta\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_required,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed at starting=\",torque,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "net torque= 365.403326173 N-m\n",
-        "starting resistance= 0.913513513514 ohm\n",
-        "torque developed at starting= 548.104989259 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.29, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "rf=40.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=55.0#A\n",
-      "n=595.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.58#ohm\n",
-      "n2=630.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia_=15.0#A\n",
-      "rd=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ra1=r+ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra1*ia1\n",
-      "ia2=ia1\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*(n2/n)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia1\n",
-      "eb2_=v-ia_*ra1\n",
-      "n2=eb2_*n/eb1\n",
-      "eb3=eb1\n",
-      "IR=v-eb3-ia2*ra\n",
-      "pd=v-IR\n",
-      "i_d=pd/rd\n",
-      "i=ia2+i_d\n",
-      "R=IR/i\n",
-      "I=solve(rd*(I-ia_)-v+R*I,I)\n",
-      "eb4=v-R*I[0]-ia_*ra\n",
-      "n4=n*(eb4/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature circuit resistance should be reduced by=\",ra1-r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when Ia=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"value of series resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor current falls to 15A=\",n4,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature circuit resistance should be reduced by= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "speed when Ia= 668.5 rpm\n",
-        "value of series resistance= 0.344418052257 ohm\n",
-        "speed when motor current falls to 15A= 636.922222222222 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.31, Page Number:1051"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=math.sqrt(2*2**0.5*i**2)\n",
-      "n2=n*2*i/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n",
-        "current= 25.2268924576 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.32, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=707#rpm\n",
-      "ia1=100#A\n",
-      "v=85#V\n",
-      "rf=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ra_total=ra+(2*rf)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra_total\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**0.5\n",
-      "rf=rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)*(2*ia1/ia2)\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n/n2)*eb2))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1029.46885374 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.171040764009 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.33, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "R=v/ia-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at starting=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at 1000 rpm\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added at starting= 5.7 ohm\n",
-        "resistance to be added at 1000 rpm 1.9 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.34, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=20.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**(3.0/4.0)\n",
-      "n2=n*ratio*ia1/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 33.6358566101 A\n",
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.35, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=350.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia*(n2/n)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "V=solve((n2*eb1*ia2/(n*ia))+ia2-V,V)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage=\",V[0],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " current= 35.7142857143 A\n",
-        "voltage= 433.673469387755 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.36, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=10.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.70\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "r_total=ra+rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-r_total*ia\n",
-      "n2=(eb2*n/(eb1*ratio))\n",
-      "    \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1444.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.37, Page Number:1054"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=(ratio*2*ia**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/ia2)*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 777.147765122 rpm\n",
-        "speed= 69.2820323028 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.38, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#when divertor is added\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+4*r)\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*(ra+rd)/rd)**0.5\n",
-      "ra_=rd*ra/(ra+rd)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra_\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*3/(2*ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#rearranged field coils in two series and parallel group\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*2)**0.5\n",
-      "r=ra+r\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*r\n",
-      "n2_=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/(ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when divertor was added=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when field coils are rearranged=\",n2_,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when divertor was added= 1112.87640676 rpm\n",
-        "speed when field coils are rearranged= 1275.19533144 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.39, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "rf=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=20#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-il*(ra+rf/4)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(1/(1-ratio))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1162.92198261 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.40, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=200.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rd=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=ra+rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "i2=solve(((rd+rf)*i2**2)-(v*i2)-(i**2*rd),i2)\n",
-      "pd=v-i2[1]*rf\n",
-      "ia2=((rd+rf)*i2[1]-v)/rd\n",
-      "eb2=pd-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(i/i2[1])*n\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 342.848235418389 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.41, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "r=3#ohm\n",
-      "i2=15#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-(r+ra)*i2\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)/ratio\n",
-      "power_ratio=(n*i)/(n2*i2*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of power outputs=\",power_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 1349.65437788 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of power outputs= 1.48186086214\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.42, Page Number:1057"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "I=(i**2*ratio**3)**0.5\n",
-      "eb2=I*ratio*v/i\n",
-      "R=(v-eb2)/I\n",
-      "pa=v*i/1000\n",
-      "power_n=pa*ratio**4\n",
-      "pa=eb2*I\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resistance required=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Resistance required= 7.26432660412 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.44, Page Number:1060"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "n2=550#rpm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi1=eb1/n\n",
-      "eb2=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi2=eb2/n2\n",
-      "eb_=v-i*2*r\n",
-      "n=eb_/((eb1/n2)+(eb2/n))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 248.120300752 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.45, Page Number:1061"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ratio1=5.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "t=882#N-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "k=v/(n*i/60)\n",
-      "I=(t/((ratio1+ratio2)*0.159*k))**0.5\n",
-      "nsh=v/((ratio1+ratio2)*k*I)\n",
-      "eb1=ratio1*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "eb2=ratio2*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",I,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of shaft=\",round(nsh*60),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage across the motors=\",round(eb1),\"V,\",round(eb2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 49.5202984449 A\n",
-        "speed of shaft= 134.0 rpm\n",
-        "voltage across the motors= 139.0 V, 111.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.46, Page Number:1063"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "t=700#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.008#ohm\n",
-      "rf=55#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=375#N-m\n",
-      "n2=1050#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*t/60\n",
-      "power_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "im=power_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=im-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*t2/t\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=eb2/ia2-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"dynamic break resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "dynamic break resistance= 0.795525014538 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 118
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.47, Page Number:1064"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "n=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.746\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "eb=v-I*ra\n",
-      "vt=v+eb\n",
-      "i_max=2*I\n",
-      "r=vt/i_max\n",
-      "R=r-ra\n",
-      "N=n/60\n",
-      "phizp_by_a=eb/N\n",
-      "k4=phizp_by_a*v/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "k3=phizp_by_a**2/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "tb=k4+k3*N\n",
-      "tb0=k4\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"breaking resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque=\",tb,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque when N=0 =\",tb0,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "breaking resistance= 6.1 ohm\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque= 1028.3970276 N-m\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque when N=0 = 522.360394972 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.48, Page Number:1069"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=120#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "l=20*0.001#H\n",
-      "ka=0.05#V/rpm motor constant\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vt=ia*ra\n",
-      "alpha=vt/v\n",
-      "#when alpha=1\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "N=eb/ka\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"range of speed control=\",0,\"to\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"range of duty cycle=\",(alpha),\"to\",1"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " range of speed control= 0 to 2200.0 rpm\n",
-        "range of duty cycle= 0.0833333333333 to 1\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.49, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=ratio*i\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r_start=r1-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_start,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 2.78842716711 ohm\n",
-        "back emf= 66.6666666667 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 125
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.50, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r1=v/ia\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.812 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.215 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.815 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.546 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.366 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.246 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.51, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=6\n",
-      "load=3.73#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=output-load\n",
-      "cu_loss=total_loss*ratio\n",
-      "i=output*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-i1\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss*1000/ia**2\n",
-      "i_per=i*2\n",
-      "ia_per=i_per-i1\n",
-      "r1=v/ia_per\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.627 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.709 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.468 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.309 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.52, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "load=36.775#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.05\n",
-      "rsh=200#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=input_m*ratio\n",
-      "cu_loss_sh=v**2/rsh\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=cu_loss-cu_loss_sh\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss_a/ia**2\n",
-      "k=(v/(ia*ra))**(1.0/(n))\n",
-      "i1=k*ia\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.974 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.36 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.219 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.133 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.0 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.081 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.53, Page Number:1082"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.125#ohm\n",
-      "i2=150.0#A\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve((i1/i2)**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r6/k\n",
-      "r8=r7/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-r8\n",
-      "p8=r8-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 8th section=\",round(p8,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.313 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.234 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.176 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.132 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.099 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.056 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 8th section= 0.042 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.54, Page Number:1083"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=20\n",
-      "ra=1.31#ohm\n",
-      "t=218#N-m\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "slot=60\n",
-      "phi=23*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=t/(0.159*phi*slot*z)\n",
-      "i1=ia*ratio\n",
-      "i2=ia\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve(k**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 2.237 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.491 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.994 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.678 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.55, Page Number:1084"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "drop=0.02\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "i_per=1.30\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=i_per*il\n",
-      "vd=drop*v\n",
-      "rm=vd/il\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r=(r1-rm)/6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of each rheostat=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of each rheostat= 0.615721729566 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 165
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.56, Page Number:1085"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=55.95#kW\n",
-      "v=650.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.51#ohm\n",
-      "i1=140.0#A\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "per=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=((per+1)/ratio-per)*r1\n",
-      "r3=(per+1)*r2/ratio-per*r1\n",
-      "r4=((per+1)*r3/ratio)-per*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"number of steps=\",3\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "number of steps= 3\n",
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.364 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 1.17 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 170
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_nbFgz6I.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_nbFgz6I.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ce13ea95..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_nbFgz6I.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:072a977ff7e7f41108f647b699866e16f58bf91b148a03cefc5a07bc1eeda05b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 30:Speed Control of D.C. Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.1, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "n=250#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "ra=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "ia2=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 320.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.2, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 828.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=80.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "r1=(n2*eb1*v)/(n*eb2*ish1)\n",
-      "r=r1-rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/r1\n",
-      "torque_ratio=ish2*ia2/(ish1*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torque=\",torque_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 68.9506880734 ohm\n",
-        "ratio of torque= 1.25411235955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/(rf+r)\n",
-      "ia2=ia*1/ish2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ish2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"new armature current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 2939.0 rpm\n",
-        "new armature current= 40.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.5, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rt=Symbol('rt')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=solve(((n2*eb1*(v/rt))/(n*(v-(ia*ra/(v/rt)))))-1,rt)\n",
-      "r=rt[0]-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 88.3128987990058 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.6, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=1+0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "x=solve((ratio*eb1/((v-ia*ra*x)*x))-1,x)\n",
-      "per=1-1/x[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"main flux has to be reduced by=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "main flux has to be reduced by= 37.2991677469778 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.7, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=10#kW\n",
-      "i=41#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rw=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio1=1-0.50\n",
-      "n=2500\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ratio1*ia1/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*(ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"motor speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 26.0 A\n",
-        "motor speed= 2987.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.8, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "n=850#rpm\n",
-      "ia=72.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "n2=1650#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=40#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ratio=(n*eb2)/(n2*eb1)\n",
-      "per=1-ratio\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 46.5636857585 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.9, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ia2=solve((((v-ra*ia2)*ia2)/(eb1*ratio*ia))-1,ia2)\n",
-      "per=ia/ia2[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mail flux should be reduced by=\",round(per,4)*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mail flux should be reduced by= 62.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.10, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=ratio*(v-ia*ra)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in the series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in the series= 5.25 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.11, Page Number:1036"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-i_f)*ra\n",
-      "kpsi=eb0/1000\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n1=eb1/kpsi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n1,1),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 966.2 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.12, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "i2=20#A\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb/n\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/(ia)-ra\n",
-      "eb3=v-i2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 1.15 ohm\n",
-        "speed= 922.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.13, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.48#kW\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=990#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2#A\n",
-      "n2=450#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "losses=input_p-load*1000\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "loss_nl=losses-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "eb1=v-20-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb1/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "total_loss=ia**2*(r+ra)+loss+loss_nl\n",
-      "output=input_p-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor input=\",input_p/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor input= 8.5 kW\n",
-        "armature current= 36.6363636364 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.93403113016 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 41.6691237902 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.14, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb1=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=990.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in series= 4.55353535354 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 83
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.15, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k2=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "rf1=v/if1\n",
-      "rf2=v/if2\n",
-      "r=rf2-rf1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 100.0 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.16, Page Number:1039"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=22.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k1=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "if2=n2*ia/n\n",
-      "ia2=solve(v-ra*ia2-(k1*ia*if1*n2)/ia2,ia2)\n",
-      "if2=ia*if1/ia2[0]\n",
-      "r=v/if2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new field resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new field resistance to be added= 306.828780053869 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.17, Page Number:1040"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "output=25#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-if1\n",
-      "il=ratio*ia\n",
-      "r=v/il\n",
-      "r_ext=r-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",round(r_ext,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 1.341 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.18, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=17.5#A\n",
-      "n2=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",round(r,1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 4.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.19, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ra=1.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=500#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4#A\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=26#A\n",
-      "r=2.3#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2_=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "n2__=n*eb2/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%=\",round(n2__),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected= 831.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%= 978.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.20, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=ia2=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia2/2\n",
-      "n3=n*(v-ia3*rt)/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 771.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.21, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=20#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=1.0/2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at half full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 550.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at half full-load torque= 588.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 137
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.22, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=30.0#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at double full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 427.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at double full-load torque= 317.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.23, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "n=750.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=250.0#N-m\n",
-      "r=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t1=load/(2*3.14*(n/60))\n",
-      "ia1=load/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*math.sqrt(t2/t1)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia1*n/(eb1*ia2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which machine will run=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which machine will run= 381.789716486 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.24, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=7.46*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2.0#A\n",
-      "n2=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=output/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-20-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "input_m=(v)*(ia2+ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_cu_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_loss-total_cu_loss\n",
-      "stray_loss2=stray_loss*n2/n\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia1**2*rt\n",
-      "total_loss2=stray_loss2+cu_loss_f+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "output2=input_m-total_loss2\n",
-      "efficiency=output2*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"overall efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 4460.66115702 W\n",
-        "armature current= 36.5330578512 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.42352222599 ohm\n",
-        "overall efficiency= 52.619059225 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.25, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=15.0#A\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "n2=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=((v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia)-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia/2\n",
-      "eb3=v-ia3*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 615.584415584 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.26, Page Number:1045"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "inl=3.5#A\n",
-      "il=59.5#A\n",
-      "rf=267.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2.0#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.02\n",
-      "speed_ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=inl-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra-vd\n",
-      "ia2=il-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-vd\n",
-      "n1_by_n2=eb1*(1-ratio)/eb2\n",
-      "per_change=(1-1/n1_by_n2)*100\n",
-      "r=solve(eb2*speed_ratio/(eb2-ia2*r)-1,r)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"change in speed=\",per_change,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r[0],\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "change in speed= 0.83357557339 %\n",
-        "resistance to be added= 3.33092370774547 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*(n2/n)**2\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resustance that must be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resustance that must be added= 1.32708333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "i_permissible=i*ratio\n",
-      "ia_per=i_permissible-ish\n",
-      "ra_total=v/ia_per\n",
-      "r_required=ra_total-ra\n",
-      "torque=ratio*ta\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_required,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed at starting=\",torque,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "net torque= 365.403326173 N-m\n",
-        "starting resistance= 0.913513513514 ohm\n",
-        "torque developed at starting= 548.104989259 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.29, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "rf=40.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=55.0#A\n",
-      "n=595.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.58#ohm\n",
-      "n2=630.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia_=15.0#A\n",
-      "rd=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ra1=r+ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra1*ia1\n",
-      "ia2=ia1\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*(n2/n)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia1\n",
-      "eb2_=v-ia_*ra1\n",
-      "n2=eb2_*n/eb1\n",
-      "eb3=eb1\n",
-      "IR=v-eb3-ia2*ra\n",
-      "pd=v-IR\n",
-      "i_d=pd/rd\n",
-      "i=ia2+i_d\n",
-      "R=IR/i\n",
-      "I=solve(rd*(I-ia_)-v+R*I,I)\n",
-      "eb4=v-R*I[0]-ia_*ra\n",
-      "n4=n*(eb4/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature circuit resistance should be reduced by=\",ra1-r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when Ia=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"value of series resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor current falls to 15A=\",n4,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature circuit resistance should be reduced by= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "speed when Ia= 668.5 rpm\n",
-        "value of series resistance= 0.344418052257 ohm\n",
-        "speed when motor current falls to 15A= 636.922222222222 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.31, Page Number:1051"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=math.sqrt(2*2**0.5*i**2)\n",
-      "n2=n*2*i/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n",
-        "current= 25.2268924576 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.32, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=707#rpm\n",
-      "ia1=100#A\n",
-      "v=85#V\n",
-      "rf=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ra_total=ra+(2*rf)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra_total\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**0.5\n",
-      "rf=rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)*(2*ia1/ia2)\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n/n2)*eb2))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1029.46885374 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.171040764009 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.33, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "R=v/ia-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at starting=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at 1000 rpm\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added at starting= 5.7 ohm\n",
-        "resistance to be added at 1000 rpm 1.9 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.34, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=20.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**(3.0/4.0)\n",
-      "n2=n*ratio*ia1/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 33.6358566101 A\n",
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.35, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=350.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia*(n2/n)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "V=solve((n2*eb1*ia2/(n*ia))+ia2-V,V)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage=\",V[0],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " current= 35.7142857143 A\n",
-        "voltage= 433.673469387755 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.36, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=10.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.70\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "r_total=ra+rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-r_total*ia\n",
-      "n2=(eb2*n/(eb1*ratio))\n",
-      "    \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1444.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.37, Page Number:1054"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=(ratio*2*ia**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/ia2)*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 777.147765122 rpm\n",
-        "speed= 69.2820323028 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.38, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#when divertor is added\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+4*r)\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*(ra+rd)/rd)**0.5\n",
-      "ra_=rd*ra/(ra+rd)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra_\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*3/(2*ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#rearranged field coils in two series and parallel group\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*2)**0.5\n",
-      "r=ra+r\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*r\n",
-      "n2_=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/(ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when divertor was added=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when field coils are rearranged=\",n2_,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when divertor was added= 1112.87640676 rpm\n",
-        "speed when field coils are rearranged= 1275.19533144 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.39, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "rf=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=20#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-il*(ra+rf/4)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(1/(1-ratio))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1162.92198261 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.40, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=200.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rd=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=ra+rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "i2=solve(((rd+rf)*i2**2)-(v*i2)-(i**2*rd),i2)\n",
-      "pd=v-i2[1]*rf\n",
-      "ia2=((rd+rf)*i2[1]-v)/rd\n",
-      "eb2=pd-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(i/i2[1])*n\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 342.848235418389 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.41, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "r=3#ohm\n",
-      "i2=15#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-(r+ra)*i2\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)/ratio\n",
-      "power_ratio=(n*i)/(n2*i2*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of power outputs=\",power_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 1349.65437788 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of power outputs= 1.48186086214\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.42, Page Number:1057"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "I=(i**2*ratio**3)**0.5\n",
-      "eb2=I*ratio*v/i\n",
-      "R=(v-eb2)/I\n",
-      "pa=v*i/1000\n",
-      "power_n=pa*ratio**4\n",
-      "pa=eb2*I\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resistance required=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Resistance required= 7.26432660412 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.44, Page Number:1060"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "n2=550#rpm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi1=eb1/n\n",
-      "eb2=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi2=eb2/n2\n",
-      "eb_=v-i*2*r\n",
-      "n=eb_/((eb1/n2)+(eb2/n))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 248.120300752 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.45, Page Number:1061"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ratio1=5.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "t=882#N-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "k=v/(n*i/60)\n",
-      "I=(t/((ratio1+ratio2)*0.159*k))**0.5\n",
-      "nsh=v/((ratio1+ratio2)*k*I)\n",
-      "eb1=ratio1*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "eb2=ratio2*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",I,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of shaft=\",round(nsh*60),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage across the motors=\",round(eb1),\"V,\",round(eb2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 49.5202984449 A\n",
-        "speed of shaft= 134.0 rpm\n",
-        "voltage across the motors= 139.0 V, 111.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.46, Page Number:1063"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "t=700#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.008#ohm\n",
-      "rf=55#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=375#N-m\n",
-      "n2=1050#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*t/60\n",
-      "power_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "im=power_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=im-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*t2/t\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=eb2/ia2-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"dynamic break resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "dynamic break resistance= 0.795525014538 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 118
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.47, Page Number:1064"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "n=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.746\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "eb=v-I*ra\n",
-      "vt=v+eb\n",
-      "i_max=2*I\n",
-      "r=vt/i_max\n",
-      "R=r-ra\n",
-      "N=n/60\n",
-      "phizp_by_a=eb/N\n",
-      "k4=phizp_by_a*v/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "k3=phizp_by_a**2/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "tb=k4+k3*N\n",
-      "tb0=k4\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"breaking resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque=\",tb,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque when N=0 =\",tb0,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "breaking resistance= 6.1 ohm\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque= 1028.3970276 N-m\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque when N=0 = 522.360394972 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.48, Page Number:1069"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=120#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "l=20*0.001#H\n",
-      "ka=0.05#V/rpm motor constant\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vt=ia*ra\n",
-      "alpha=vt/v\n",
-      "#when alpha=1\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "N=eb/ka\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"range of speed control=\",0,\"to\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"range of duty cycle=\",(alpha),\"to\",1"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " range of speed control= 0 to 2200.0 rpm\n",
-        "range of duty cycle= 0.0833333333333 to 1\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.49, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=ratio*i\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r_start=r1-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_start,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 2.78842716711 ohm\n",
-        "back emf= 66.6666666667 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 125
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.50, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r1=v/ia\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.812 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.215 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.815 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.546 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.366 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.246 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.51, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=6\n",
-      "load=3.73#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=output-load\n",
-      "cu_loss=total_loss*ratio\n",
-      "i=output*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-i1\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss*1000/ia**2\n",
-      "i_per=i*2\n",
-      "ia_per=i_per-i1\n",
-      "r1=v/ia_per\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.627 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.709 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.468 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.309 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.52, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "load=36.775#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.05\n",
-      "rsh=200#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=input_m*ratio\n",
-      "cu_loss_sh=v**2/rsh\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=cu_loss-cu_loss_sh\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss_a/ia**2\n",
-      "k=(v/(ia*ra))**(1.0/(n))\n",
-      "i1=k*ia\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.974 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.36 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.219 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.133 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.0 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.081 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.53, Page Number:1082"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.125#ohm\n",
-      "i2=150.0#A\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve((i1/i2)**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r6/k\n",
-      "r8=r7/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-r8\n",
-      "p8=r8-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 8th section=\",round(p8,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.313 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.234 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.176 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.132 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.099 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.056 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 8th section= 0.042 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.54, Page Number:1083"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=20\n",
-      "ra=1.31#ohm\n",
-      "t=218#N-m\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "slot=60\n",
-      "phi=23*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=t/(0.159*phi*slot*z)\n",
-      "i1=ia*ratio\n",
-      "i2=ia\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve(k**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 2.237 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.491 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.994 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.678 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.55, Page Number:1084"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "drop=0.02\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "i_per=1.30\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=i_per*il\n",
-      "vd=drop*v\n",
-      "rm=vd/il\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r=(r1-rm)/6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of each rheostat=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of each rheostat= 0.615721729566 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 165
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.56, Page Number:1085"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=55.95#kW\n",
-      "v=650.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.51#ohm\n",
-      "i1=140.0#A\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "per=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=((per+1)/ratio-per)*r1\n",
-      "r3=(per+1)*r2/ratio-per*r1\n",
-      "r4=((per+1)*r3/ratio)-per*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"number of steps=\",3\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "number of steps= 3\n",
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.364 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 1.17 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 170
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_oWi1ZaJ.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_oWi1ZaJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7862658a..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_oWi1ZaJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3137 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a9b903871f8bdf2f971bf001fa7cff3dbf47aad5e657d5bfcea016f9756d9ac"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 37: Alternators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.1, Page Number:1412"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s1=36.0\n",
-      "p1=4.0\n",
-      "span1=8.0\n",
-      "s2=72.0\n",
-      "p2=6.0\n",
-      "span2=10.0\n",
-      "s3=96.0\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "span3=12.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha1=2*p1*180/s1\n",
-      "alpha2=3*p2*180/s2\n",
-      "alpha3=5*p3*180/s3\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha1/2))\n",
-      "kc2=math.cos(math.radians(alpha2/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(alpha3/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)kc=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"b)kc=\",kc2\n",
-      "print \"c)kc=\",kc3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)kc= 0.939692620786\n",
-        "b)kc= 0.923879532511\n",
-        "c)kc= 0.881921264348\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.2, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=36.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/n\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"distribution factor=\",kd"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "distribution factor= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.3, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=10.0#V\n",
-      "beta=30.0#degrees\n",
-      "m=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "arith_sum=6*v\n",
-      "vector_sum=kd*arith_sum\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"emf of six coils in series=\",vector_sum,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of six coils in series= 38.6370330516 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.4, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "ratio=2.0/3.0\n",
-      "m1=9\n",
-      "m2=6\n",
-      "m3=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m1*math.radians(beta/2))/(m1*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(m2*math.radians(beta/2))/(m2*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(m3*math.radians(beta/2))/(m3*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i) kd=\",kd1\n",
-      "print \"ii)kd=\",kd2\n",
-      "print \"iii)kd=\",kd3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) kd= 0.639863387016\n",
-        "ii)kd= 0.831206922161\n",
-        "iii)kd= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.5, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slot=18.0\n",
-      "s=16.0\n",
-      "m1=3.0\n",
-      "m2=5.0\n",
-      "m3=7.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "span=(s-1)\n",
-      "alpha=180*3/slot\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(m1*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc5=math.cos(math.radians(m2*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc7=math.cos(math.radians(m3*alpha/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kc1=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"kc3=\",kc3\n",
-      "print \"kc5=\",kc5\n",
-      "print \"kc7=\",kc7"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kc1= 0.965925826289\n",
-        "kc3= 0.707106781187\n",
-        "kc5= 0.258819045103\n",
-        "kc7= -0.258819045103\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.6, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "s=144.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "phi=0.03#Wb\n",
-      "n=375.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "t=s*z/(3*2)\n",
-      "eph=4.44*1*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"phase emf=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 50.0 Hz\n",
-        "phase emf= 1534.464 V\n",
-        "line emf= 2657.76961039 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.7, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "s=54\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "t=8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(beta/2)\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=s*8/3\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "eph=4.44*0.98*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.*eph\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eph=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eph= 1804.529664 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.8, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "slots=144.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "n=375.0\n",
-      "airgap=5*0.01\n",
-      "theta=150.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "alpha=(180-theta)\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=slots/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "s=slots/3\n",
-      "eph=4*kf*kc*kd*f*airgap*s*4/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf per phase=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf per phase= 987.908016392 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.9, Page Number:1417"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "slots=180\n",
-      "s=15\n",
-      "d=1.2#m\n",
-      "l=0.4#m\n",
-      "m=6\n",
-      "beta=180/18\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "area=(1.2*3.14/p)*l\n",
-      "phi1=area*0.637\n",
-      "vr=1.1*2*f*phi1\n",
-      "vp=2**0.5*vr\n",
-      "v3=0.4*vp\n",
-      "v5=0.2*vp\n",
-      "vf=6*vp*0.966\n",
-      "vf3=6*v3*0.707\n",
-      "vf5=6*v5*0.259\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(math.radians(3*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(3*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(math.radians(5*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(5*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "vph=vf*2**0.5*60*kd1\n",
-      "vph3=vf3*2**0.5*60*kd2\n",
-      "vph5=vf5*2**0.5*60*kd3\n",
-      "rmsv=(vph**2+vph3**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "rmsvl=3**0.5*(vph**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)e=\",vp,\"sin theta+\",v3,\"sin 3theta+\",v5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)e=\",vf,\"sin theta+\",vf3,\"sin 3theta+\",vf5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)rms value of phase voltage=\",rmsv,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)e= 14.9354392872 sin theta+ 5.97417571489 sin 3theta+ 2.98708785745 sin 5theta\n",
-        "ii)e= 86.5658061088 sin theta+ 25.3424533826 sin 3theta+ 4.64193453047 sin 5theta\n",
-        "iii)rms value of phase voltage= 7158.83679423 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.10, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=60.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "s=3.0\n",
-      "theta=60.0\n",
-      "phi=0.943#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "m=slot/(p*s)\n",
-      "beta=slot/5\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "alpha=(s/15)*180\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "z=slot*z/s\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "eph=z*kf*kc*kd*f*phi*t/2\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph*0.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage= 13196.4478482 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.11, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=15.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "kd=0.95\n",
-      "e=1825#v\n",
-      "kc=1\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "slots=p*slot\n",
-      "slotsp=slots/3\n",
-      "turnp=20*z/2\n",
-      "phi=e/(3**0.5*p*kc*kf*kd*f*turnp)\n",
-      "z=slots*z\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "eg=(phi*0.001*z*n)/slots\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eg*1000,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 749.405577006 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.12, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=360#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=3.6#A\n",
-      "f2=40#Hz\n",
-      "i2=2.4#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=v*i2*f2/(f*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e2=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e2= 160.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.13, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=2\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "per=20#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=180-theta\n",
-      "slotp=6\n",
-      "m=2\n",
-      "beta=180/slotp\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=10*slot*z\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "e1=4.44*kd1*kd1*f*0.12*t\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(3*math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "f2=f*3\n",
-      "phi3=(1.0/3)*per*0.12\n",
-      "e3=4.44*kd3*kd3*theta*0.008*40\n",
-      "e=(e1**2+e3**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e=\",e,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e= 994.25286629 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.14, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "per2=6.0#%\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#star connection\n",
-      "e5=per*v/100\n",
-      "e=(v**2+e5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eph=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#delta\n",
-      "e3=10*v/100\n",
-      "f3=10*3\n",
-      "i=e3/f3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for star=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for delta=\",e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage for star= 400.358589267 V\n",
-        "line voltage for delta= 23.0 V\n",
-        "current= 0.766666666667 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(a), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10.0\n",
-      "p1=24.0\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "f1=p1*n/120\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "n3=(1-s)*n2\n",
-      "f2=s*f1p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f1,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 60.0 Hz\n",
-        "speed= 1140.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(b), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "slotsp=4\n",
-      "cp=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "slots=slotsp*3*p\n",
-      "c=cp*slots\n",
-      "turns=32\n",
-      "kb=math.sin(math.radians(60/2))/(p*math.sin(math.radians(7.5)))\n",
-      "kp=math.cos(math.radians(15))\n",
-      "eph=4.44*50*0.12*kb*0.966*turns\n",
-      "el=eph*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage 1365.94840977 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.16, Page Number:1426"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.66#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "iradrop=i*r\n",
-      "ixsdrop=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+i*r)**2+(vp*sinphi+i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"linevalue of emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "linevalue of emf= 11475.6408913 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(a), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=440.0#KVA\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "il=200.0#A\n",
-      "vf=1160.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zs=vf/200\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous impedence=\",zs,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous reactance=\",xs,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous impedence= 5.8 ohm\n",
-        "synchronous reactance= 5.77840808528 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(b), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.07#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*x\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e=((v+ira)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lag\n",
-      "e2=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf+ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lead\n",
-      "e3=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf-ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=1\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lag\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lead\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage with pf=1 225.174386048 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lag 234.604995966 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lead 208.03726621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.18(a), Page Number:1429"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "x=3.2#ohm\n",
-      "xl=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "rd=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*xl\n",
-      "ea=((v+rd)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*ea\n",
-      "e0=((v+rd)**2+(i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0l=e0*3**0.5\n",
-      "per=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "xa=x-xl\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"internal emf Ea=\",el,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"no load emf=\",e0l,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"valueof synchronous reactance=\",xa,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "internal emf Ea= 471.842539659 V\n",
-        "no load emf= 592.991130967 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 34.7707115833 %\n",
-        "valueof synchronous reactance= 2.7 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 87
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.19, Page Number:1432"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v/vt\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced voltage= 222.090276316 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.20, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.71\n",
-      "i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(pf2))\n",
-      "zs=v2/i\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e01=((v+r*i)**2+(i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8\n",
-      "e02=((v*pf+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.71\n",
-      "e03=((v*pf2+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi2+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg3=(e03-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation unity pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf=\",reg3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.6\n",
-        "voltage regulation unity pf= 6.88779163216 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -8.875640156 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf= 21.1141910671 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.21, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "i1=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=200.0#A\n",
-      "v2=1040.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "e01=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "e02=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= 2.20611574348 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -1.77945143824 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 112
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.22, Page Number:1434"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1600.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=13500.0#V\n",
-      "r=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=30.0#ohm\n",
-      "load1=1280.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load1*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi1-ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= -11.9909032489 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.23, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "thetadel=math.atan((vp*sinphi+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira))\n",
-      "delta=math.degrees(thetadel)-math.degrees(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",delta,\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 48.0405877623 %\n",
-        "power angle= 18.9704078085 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.24, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6000.0#KVA\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "p=2.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i2=125.0#A\n",
-      "v1=8000.0#V\n",
-      "i3=800.0#A\n",
-      "d=0.03\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v1/(3**0.5*i3)\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "rd=d*vp\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=rd\n",
-      "ra=ira/il\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-ra**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+il*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= 62.2972136768 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.25, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "i=600#A\n",
-      "v2=900#V\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i)\n",
-      "rp=r/2\n",
-      "re=rp*1.5\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-re**2)**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=il*rp\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp+ira)**2+(ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1\",reg1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8\",reg2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=1 7.32796146323 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 23.8398862235 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.26, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "load1=11#KV\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x=5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "vt=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=solve(((pf*v+ira)**2+(sinphi*v-ixs)**2)**0.5-e0,v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v[1],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 6978.31767618569 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.27, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1200#KVA\n",
-      "load1=3.3#KV\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=35#A\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=1.1#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v*1000/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "e=v+ia*zs\n",
-      "change=(e-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"per unit change=\",change"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "per unit change= 0.349909254054\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 151
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.28, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11#kV\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v2=12370#V\n",
-      "vt=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E0=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v2/3**0.5\n",
-      "pf=0\n",
-      "sinphi=1\n",
-      "xs=(v-(E0**2-(i*r)**2)**0.5)/i\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "e0=((E0*pf+ira)**2+(E0*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-E0)*100/E0\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 19.6180576177 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.29, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=3500#v\n",
-      "load=2280#KW\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "r=8#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vl=vt/3**0.5\n",
-      "vp=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1*pf)\n",
-      "drop=vl-vp\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x=vl/(z+drop/il)\n",
-      "vtp=vl-x*drop/il\n",
-      "vtpl=vtp*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",vtpl,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 3420.781893 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.30, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.5#MVA\n",
-      "v=4160#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "zs=4750/(3**0.5*il)\n",
-      "ra=0\n",
-      "ixs=il*zs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(regn,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 91.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.31, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=20#A\n",
-      "i_f=37.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "eo=7600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(i_f**2+i*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "reg=(eo-v)*100/v\n",
-      "i=100*i_f/i_f1\n",
-      "zs=100*100/i\n",
-      "Eo=math.sqrt((100+zs*0.6)**2+(zs*pf)**2)\n",
-      "reg2=(Eo-100)*100/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation:\"\n",
-      "print \"by ampere turn method=\",reg,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"by synchronous impedence method=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation:\n",
-        "by ampere turn method= 15 %\n",
-        "by synchronous impedence method= 38.7243469779 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.32, Page Number:1442"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "V=v/math.sqrt(3)+(i*r**pf)\n",
-      "reg=(1555-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "reg2=(1080-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 lagging:\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 leading:\",round(reg2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 lagging: 34.7 %\n",
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 leading: -6.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.33, Page Number:1443"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x_drop=0.1\n",
-      "r_drop=0.02\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "p=800000#VA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ir_drop=r_drop*vp\n",
-      "leakage=x_drop*vp\n",
-      "E=math.sqrt((vp*pf+ir_drop)**2+(vp*0.6+leakage)**2)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I=\",round(i),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I= 140.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.34, Page Number:1444"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=17#A\n",
-      "p=2000000.0#VA\n",
-      "i_f2=42.5#A\n",
-      "v=6000.0/math.sqrt(3)#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((v*pf)**2+(v*0.6+450)**2)\n",
-      "#corresponding i=26.5 A\n",
-      "#field amperes required for balancing armature reaction=14.5A\n",
-      "i_f=math.sqrt(26.5**2+14.5**2+2*26.5*14.4*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resulting field current=\",round(i_f,1),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resulting field current= 36.9 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.35, Page Number:1446"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((vp*pf+i*2)**2+(vp*0.6+p/1000)**2)\n",
-      "i1=math.sqrt(108**2+30**2+2*108*30*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "#corresponding emf=7700V\n",
-      "reg=(7700-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage regulation= 21.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.36, Page Number:1448"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "p=275000.0#W\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "stator_i=35.0#A\n",
-      "exciting_i=50.0#A\n",
-      "x=0.08\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x_drop=v*x/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ia=i*exciting_i/stator_i\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(vp**2+x_drop**2)\n",
-      "oc=59.8#field current corresponding tothe voltage\n",
-      "i_fl=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "ia2=exciting_i*i_fl/stator_i\n",
-      "ei=math.sqrt(ia2**2+oc**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Exciting current=\",round(ei),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Exciting current= 69.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.37, Page Number:1449"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=600000.0#VA\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "l_drop=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "amp_turns=1.06*i*200.0/8\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "x_drop=vp*l_drop/100\n",
-      "oa=1910.0#V\n",
-      "reg=(2242.0-oa)*100/oa\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 17.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.38, Page Number:1450"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=15000000#VA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=8400\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "xl=640/i\n",
-      "zs=(v1/math.sqrt(3))/i\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eo=7540\n",
-      "reg=(eo-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 18.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.39, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "xd=0.7\n",
-      "xq=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(math.radians(36.9)+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"no load voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 14.4702941001 degrees\n",
-        "no load voltage= 1.51511515874 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.40, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "xd=0.6\n",
-      "xq=0.45\n",
-      "ra=0.015\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tanpsi=(v*sinphi+ia*xq)/(v*pf+ia*ra)\n",
-      "psi=math.atan(tanpsi)\n",
-      "delta=psi-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(psi)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(psi)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+iq*ra+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"open circuit voltage=\",e0,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "open circuit voltage= 1.44767600311 V\n",
-        "regulation= 44.7676003107 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.41, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=10#A\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(20)\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+ia*xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(phi+delta)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(phi+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"id=\",i_d,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iq=\",iq,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 8.23131209115 degrees\n",
-        "id= 4.7303232581 A\n",
-        "iq= 8.81045071911 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 189
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.42, Page Number:1459"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e1=220#V\n",
-      "f1=60#Hz\n",
-      "e2=222#V\n",
-      "f2=59#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "emax=(e1+e2)/2\n",
-      "emin=(e2-e1)/2\n",
-      "f=(f1-f2)\n",
-      "epeak=emax/0.707\n",
-      "pulse=(f1-f2)*60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max voltage=\",emax,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"min voltage=\",emin,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"peak value of voltage=\",epeak,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"number of maximum light pulsations/minute=\",pulse"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max voltage= 221 V\n",
-        "min voltage= 1 V\n",
-        "frequency= 1 Hz\n",
-        "peak value of voltage= 312.588401697 V\n",
-        "number of maximum light pulsations/minute= 60\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.43, Page Number:1462"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=1500#kVA\n",
-      "v=6.6#kV\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=power*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "tanphialpha=(vp*math.sin(phi)+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira)\n",
-      "phialpha=math.atan(tanphialpha)\n",
-      "alpha=phialpha-phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power angle= 7.87684146241\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 198
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.44, Page Number:1464"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#KVA\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v=3300#v\n",
-      "x=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ixs=x*vp\n",
-      "xs=x*vp/i\n",
-      "alpha=1*p/2\n",
-      "psy=3*3.14*vp**2/(60*xs*n)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronizing power=\",psy,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tsy*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronizing power= 628.0 kW\n",
-        "torque= 5997.4 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.45, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v1=3.3#kV\n",
-      "r=0.25\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000000/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,r*vp)\n",
-      "xs=ixs/i\n",
-      "v=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(e0.imag/e0.real)-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p=6/2\n",
-      "psy=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(alpha)*math.sin(math.radians(3))/xs\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*3*psy*100/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",-psy*3/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"toque=\",-tsy/100,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 722.236196153j kW\n",
-        "toque= 6897.35567326j N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 221
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.46, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#KVA\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=1#%\n",
-      "x=15#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "vph=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=r*vph/1000\n",
-      "ra=ira/i\n",
-      "xs=x*vph/(100*i)\n",
-      "zs=(ra**2+xs**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "alpha=p/2\n",
-      "psy=math.radians(alpha)*vph**2/xs\n",
-      "#fl 0.8 pf\n",
-      "e=((vph*pf+i*ra)**2+(vph*math.sin(math.acos(pf)+i*xs))**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy2=math.radians(alpha)*e*vph/xs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous power at:\"\n",
-      "print \"no load=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf of 0.8=\",psy2,\"w\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous power at:\n",
-        "no load= 58177.6417331 W\n",
-        "at pf of 0.8= 73621.2350169 w\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.47, Page Number:1466"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "v1=6000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(4)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "e0=((v*pf)**2+(v*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i*r)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy=alpha*e0*v*3/r\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous torque=\",tsy,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 514916.500204 W\n",
-        "synchronous torque= 6556.60343593 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.48, Page Number:1467"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "xs=r*vp/(1000*i)\n",
-      "p=120*f/n\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(2)\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "psy=3*alpha*vp**2/(p*1000)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy*1000/(n*2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8\n",
-      "v2=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,i*4)\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "psy2=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(math.radians(8.1))*math.sin(math.radians(2))*3/4\n",
-      "tsy2=9.55*psy2/(n*20)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power:\"\n",
-      "print \"atno load=\",psy,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"at 0.8 pf=\",psy2,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"torque:\"\n",
-      "print \"at no load=\",tsy,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8=\",tsy2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power:\n",
-        "atno load= 872.664625997 w\n",
-        "at 0.8 pf= 1506057.44405 w\n",
-        "torque:\n",
-        "at no load= 2777.98239276 N-m\n",
-        "at pf=0.8= 479.428286357 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.49, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6.6#kW\n",
-      "load1=3000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "xa=complex(0.5,10)\n",
-      "xb=complex(0.4,12)\n",
-      "i0=150#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=complex(load*1000/3**0.5,0)\n",
-      "cosphi1=1500*1000/(load*1000*i0*3**0.5)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(cosphi1)\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(phi1)\n",
-      "i=328*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "i1=i0*complex(cosphi1,-sinphi1)\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "coshi2=i2.real/181\n",
-      "ea=v+i1*xa\n",
-      "eal=3**0.5*abs(ea)\n",
-      "eb=v+i2*xb\n",
-      "ebl=3**0.5*abs(eb)\n",
-      "alpha1=(ea.imag/ea.real)\n",
-      "alpha2=(eb.imag/eb.real)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Ea=\",ea,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha1=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha2=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Ea= (4602.91884998+1275.81974829j) V\n",
-        "Eb= (5352.42648271+1524.56032028j) V\n",
-        "alpha1= 15.8810288383 degrees\n",
-        "alpha2= 16.3198639435 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 245
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.50, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declration\n",
-      "e1=complex(230,0)\n",
-      "e2=230*complex(0.985,0.174)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0,2)\n",
-      "z2=complex(0,3)\n",
-      "z=6\n",
-      "i1=((e1-e2)*z+e1*z2)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i2=((e2-e1)*z+e2*z1)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*z\n",
-      "p1=abs(v)*abs(i1)*math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=abs(v)*abs(i2)*math.cos(math.atan(i2.imag/i2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power 1=\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power 2=\",p2,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= (222.905384615-28.5730769231j) V\n",
-        "current (37.1508974359-4.76217948718j) A\n",
-        "power 1= 3210.60292765 W\n",
-        "power 2= 5138.29001053 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 249
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.51, Page Number:1471"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1500#kW\n",
-      "v=11#KV\n",
-      "pf=0.867\n",
-      "x=50#ohm\n",
-      "r=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "iwatt=il*pf\n",
-      "iwattless=il*sinphi\n",
-      "i1=il/2\n",
-      "i2=iwatt/2\n",
-      "iw1=(i**2-i1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw2=i2-iw1\n",
-      "ia=(i2**2+iw2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "vt=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ir=i*r\n",
-      "ix=x*i\n",
-      "cosphi=i2/i\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "e=((vt*cosphi+ir)**2+(vt*sinphi+ix)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 43.4628778514 A\n",
-        "line voltage= 14304.0798593 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.52, Page Number:1472"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=6000#kW\n",
-      "pfa=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phia=math.acos(pfa)\n",
-      "tanphi=math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "tanphia=math.tan(phia)\n",
-      "loadkvar=load*1000*tanphi\n",
-      "akvar=output*tanphia\n",
-      "kwb=(load*1000-output)\n",
-      "kvarb=loadkvar-akvar\n",
-      "kvab=complex(kwb,kvarb)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(math.atan(kvab.imag/kvab.real))\n",
-      "kvarb=kwb*pfb\n",
-      "kvara=-loadkvar-kvarb\n",
-      "kvaa=complex(output,kvara)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(math.atan(kvaa.imag/kvaa.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new pfb=\",pfb\n",
-      "print \"new pfa=\",pfa"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new pfb= 0.628980253433\n",
-        "new pfa= 0.513894032194\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.54, Page Number:1473"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "load=1000#KVA\n",
-      "x=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=87.5\n",
-      "x=8.7\n",
-      "vp=3810\n",
-      "e0=4311\n",
-      "ir=70\n",
-      "ix=52.5\n",
-      "IX=762\n",
-      "vb1=(e0**2-vp**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1x=vb1\n",
-      "i1=i1x/x\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*v*i1/1000\n",
-      "b2v=(vp**2+e0**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2z=b2v\n",
-      "i2=b2v/x\n",
-      "i2rx=e0\n",
-      "i2r=i2rx/x\n",
-      "i2x=vp/x\n",
-      "tanphi2=i2x/i2r\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(tanphi2)\n",
-      "cosphi2=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "output1=3**0.5*v*i2*cosphi2/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output at unity pf=\",output,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output1,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " power output at unity pf= 2650.38477722 kW\n",
-        "max power output= 5664.52285143 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 255
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.55, Page Number:1474"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=220.0#A\n",
-      "load=11.0#kV\n",
-      "per=25.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "oa1=load*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "a1c1=i*x\n",
-      "e0=(oa1**2+a1c1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "emf=(1+per/100)*e0\n",
-      "a1a2=(emf**2-a1c1**2)**0.5-oa1\n",
-      "ix=a1a2/x\n",
-      "i1=(i**2+ix**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=i/i1\n",
-      "bv=(oa1**2+emf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "imax=bv/x\n",
-      "ir=emf/x\n",
-      "ix=oa1/x\n",
-      "pfmax=ir/imax\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*load*1000*imax*pfmax*0.001\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new current= 281.573453399 A\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.781323655849\n",
-        "max power output= 16006.7954319 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 258
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.56, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#MVA\n",
-      "load1=35.0#MVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=25.0#MVA\n",
-      "cosphi1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loadmw=load1*pf\n",
-      "loadmvar=load1*0.6\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "mva1=25\n",
-      "mw1=mva1*cosphi1\n",
-      "mvar1=25*sinphi1\n",
-      "mw2=loadmw-mw1\n",
-      "mvar2=loadmvar-mvar1\n",
-      "mva2=(mw2**2+mvar2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cosphi2=mw2/mva2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",mva2\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 10.4509862952\n",
-        "pf= 0.52626611926\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 260
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.57, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "load=600#KW\n",
-      "loadm=707#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "output=900#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kva=1000\n",
-      "kvar=kva*(1-pf1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "active_p=1307-output\n",
-      "reactive_p=loadm-kvar\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"active power shared by second machine=\",active_p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"reactive power shared by second machine=\",reactive_p,\"kVAR\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "active power shared by second machine= 407 kW\n",
-        "reactive power shared by second machine= 271.110105646 kVAR\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.58, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l1=500#kW\n",
-      "l2=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "l3=800#kW\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "l4=500#kW\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "output=1500#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.95\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kw1=l1\n",
-      "kw2=l2\n",
-      "kw3=l3\n",
-      "kw4=500\n",
-      "kvar2=kw2*0.436/pf1\n",
-      "kvar3=kw3*0.6/pf2\n",
-      "kvar4=kw4*0.436/pf3\n",
-      "kvar=output/pf\n",
-      "kw=kw1+kw2+kw3+kw4-output\n",
-      "kvar=kvar2+kvar3+kvar4-kvar\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(math.atan(kvar/kw))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW output=\",kw\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kW output= 1300\n",
-        "pf= 0.981685651341\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 264
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.59, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,2)\n",
-      "ze=complex(3,4)\n",
-      "emf1=complex(2000,0)\n",
-      "emf2=complex(22000,100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=complex(68.2,-102.5)\n",
-      "i2=complex(127,-196.4)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*ze\n",
-      "pva1=v*i1\n",
-      "kw1=pva1.real*3\n",
-      "a11=math.atan(-i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "a12=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(a11-a12)\n",
-      "pva2=v*i2\n",
-      "kw2=pva2.real*3\n",
-      "a21=math.atan(-i2.imag/i2.real)\n",
-      "a22=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(a21-a22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kw output 1=\",kw1/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 1=\",pf1\n",
-      "print \"kw output 2=\",kw2/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 2=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kw output 1= 328.79427\n",
-        "pf 1= 0.606839673468\n",
-        "kw output 2= 610.34892\n",
-        "pf 2= 0.596381892841\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 273
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.63, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500#rpm\n",
-      "j=1.5*10**4#khm2\n",
-      "ratio=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"natural time period of oscillation=\",round(t,3),\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "natural time period of oscillation= 1.364 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.64, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10000#KVA\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "xs=25#%\n",
-      "pf=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=100/xs\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "j=(pf/(0.0083*ns))**2*load*ratio*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"moment of inertia=\",j/1000,\"x10^4 kg-m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "moment of inertia= 29.0317898098 x10^4 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 277
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.65, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#MVA\n",
-      "v=10.0#kV\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "j=2.0*10**5#kgm2\n",
-      "x=40.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=100.0/x\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*1000*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of oscillation of the rotor=\",round(1/t,1),\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of oscillation of the rotor= 0.2 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 283
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.66, Page Number:1483"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "z=complex(1,10)\n",
-      "emf=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=emf*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "costheta=z.real/abs(z)\n",
-      "pmax=e*v*3/(z.imag*1000)\n",
-      "pmax_per_phase=(v/abs(z))*(e-(v/abs(z)))*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max output =\",pmax_per_phase/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max output = 14125.5529273 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 285
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.67, Page Number:1484"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11#kVA\n",
-      "load1=10#MW\n",
-      "z=complex(0.8,8.0)\n",
-      "v=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pmax=(load*1000/3**0.5)*(v*1000/3**0.5)*3/z.imag\n",
-      "imax=((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5/z.imag\n",
-      "pf=(v/3**0.5)*1000/((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum output=\",pmax/1000000,\"MW\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",imax,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum output= 19.25 MW\n",
-        "current= 1284.92866209 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.786318338822\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 289
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_okp6S1t.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_okp6S1t.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95eb9b1e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_okp6S1t.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,391 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:cd727f10a4caede23f6dcd22be7261834b049d15aeb309766271ec0c03a024c2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 36: Single-Phase Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.1, Page Number:1374"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=60\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "xo=xm+x2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zf=(((r2/s)*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jf=(((r2/s)*(r2/s)+(x2*xo))/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jf=math.degrees(math.atan(jf/zf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zb=(((r2/(2-s))*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jb=(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s))+(x2*xo))/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jb=math.degrees(math.atan(jb/zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zb\n",
-      "j01=jf+jb+J1\n",
-      "J01=math.degrees(math.atan(j01/z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zb\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "output=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output = \",output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output =  206.798750547\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.2, Page Number:1375"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=185\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "Xo=53.5\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "cl=3.5#core loss\n",
-      "fl=13.5#friction loss\n",
-      "vf=(82.5/100)*v\n",
-      "ic=(cl*100)/vf\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "rc=vf/ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 1\n",
-      "c=1/rc #conductance of corebranch\n",
-      "s=-(1/xm)#susceptance\n",
-      "a1=(r2/s)/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance\n",
-      "a1j=-x2/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance j\n",
-      "yf=c+a1\n",
-      "yfj=s+a1j\n",
-      "zf=(yf*yf)+(yfj*yfj)\n",
-      "zfr=yf/zf\n",
-      "zfj=yfj/zf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 2\n",
-      "a2=(r2/2-s)/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "a2j=-x2/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "yb=yf+a2\n",
-      "ybj=yfj+a2j\n",
-      "zb1=(yb*yb)+(ybj*ybj)\n",
-      "zbr=yb/zb1\n",
-      "zbj=ybj/zb1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zbr\n",
-      "z01j=J1+zfj+zbj\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zbr\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "watt=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "net_output=watt-fl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net output = \",net_output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net output =  -446.423232085\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.3, Page Number:1376"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=250\n",
-      "v=230\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "zm=4.5\n",
-      "zmj=3.7\n",
-      "za=9.5\n",
-      "zaj=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zma=math.degrees(math.atan(zmj/zm))\n",
-      "ialeadv=90-zma\n",
-      "x=za*(math.tan(math.radians(ialeadv)))\n",
-      "xc=x+zaj\n",
-      "c=1000000/(xc*2*50*3.14)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"C= \",c,\" uf\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C=  211.551875951  uf\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.4, Page Number:1393"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p=250\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "ra=20\n",
-      "la=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "#ac\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*la\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "nac=(ebac*ndc)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "pmech=ebac*ia\n",
-      "T=(pmech*9.55)/nac\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque= \",T,\" N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1606.22922133  rpm\n",
-        "Torque=  0.955  N-m\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.821013282424  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.5, Page Number:1394"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=30\n",
-      "l=0.5\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "idc=0.8\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "ia=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-      "ra=r\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(r*idc)\n",
-      "nac=(ndc*ebac)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1700.52062383  rpm\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.864635321971  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.6, Page Number:1396"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "w=8\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "v2=205\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "ns=(120*f)/pole\n",
-      "tsh=(9.55*w*1000)/ns\n",
-      "alpha=0.5*(math.degrees(math.asin((v*v*math.sin(math.radians(2*a)))/(v2*v2))))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V = \",alpha,\" degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V =  42.9327261097  degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qJkWZ89.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qJkWZ89.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e889465f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qJkWZ89.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:c262c33cbbcf1d1756b9358f8cf1d8ed92f53825858905e2598fd8e15870c7ca"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 39: Special Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.1, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "p=8.0 #number of poles\n",
-      "tp=5.0 #number of teeth for each pole\n",
-      "nr=50.0 #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=p*tp #number of stator teeth\n",
-      "B=((nr-ns)*360)/(nr*ns) #stepping angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stepping angle is \",B,\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stepping angle is  1.8 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.2, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=2.5\n",
-      "rn=25\n",
-      "f=3600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=360/B\n",
-      "s=r*rn\n",
-      "n=(B*f)/360\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resolution =\",int(r),\"steps/revolution\"\n",
-      "print \" Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions =\",int(s)\n",
-      "print \" Shaft speed\", int(n),\"rps\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " Resolution = 144 steps/revolution\n",
-        "Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions = 3600\n",
-        "Shaft speed 25 rps\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.3, Page Number:1544"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=15 #stepping angle\n",
-      "pn=3 #number of phases\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#number of stator teeth\n",
-      "ns1=((360*nr)/(360-(nr*B))) #ns>nr\n",
-      "ns2=((360*nr)/(360+(nr*B))) #nr>ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"When ns>nr: ns= \",ns1\n",
-      "print \"When nr>ns: ns= \",ns2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "When ns>nr: ns=  12\n",
-        "When nr>ns: ns=  6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.4, Page Number:1545"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=1.8\n",
-      "pn=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "ns=nr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of rotor teeth = \",int(nr)\n",
-      "print \"Number of statot teeth = \",int(ns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of rotor teeth =  50.0\n",
-        "Number of statot teeth =  50.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.5, Page Number:1555"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=40\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a) For a=40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=(-40)\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"b) For a=-40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "e12=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-150))\n",
-      "e23=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-30))\n",
-      "e31=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a+90))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"c) For a=30 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e12=\" ,e12,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e23=\" ,e23,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e31=\" ,e31,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a) For a=40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "   e3s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "b) For a=-40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "   e3s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "c) For a=30 degrees\n",
-        "   e12= -17.3205080757 V\n",
-        "   e23= 34.6410161514 V\n",
-        "   e31= -17.3205080757 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qXWKbys.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qXWKbys.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99cfc3c1..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qXWKbys.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1258 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:add10f49c90b647cf79b01d40fd4e1ca71068a8e9a13aad0c70f06cfeaabeda4"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 35: Computations and Circle Diagrams"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.1, Page Number:1316"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "p=450#W\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "loss=135#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*r\n",
-      "core_loss=p-loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "volt=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "g=core_loss/(3*(v/math.sqrt(3))**2)\n",
-      "y=i*math.sqrt(3)/v\n",
-      "b=math.sqrt(y**2-g**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"exciting conductance=\",g,\"seimens/phase\"\n",
-      "print \"susceptance/phase=\",b,\"seimens/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "exciting conductance= 0.0247933884298 seimens/phase\n",
-        "susceptance/phase= 0.155494939853 seimens/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.2, Page Number:1317"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110.0#V\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "v2=30.0#V\n",
-      "inpt=440.0#W\n",
-      "loss=40.0#W\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=vs/i\n",
-      "losses=inpt-loss\n",
-      "r01=losses/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "dc_r=r/2.0\n",
-      "ac_r=dc_r*ratio\n",
-      "effective_r=r01-ac_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r1=\",ac_r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",effective_r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "x01= 0.659157711696 ohm\n",
-        "r1= 0.08 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.133333333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.10, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=1/4.0\n",
-      "slip=3.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=math.sqrt(ratio/((ratio2**2)*0.01*slip))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Percentage Tapping=\",K*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Percentage Tapping= 72.1687836487 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.11, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "n=950#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=v1/math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "If=6*v*i/v1\n",
-      "K=v/v1\n",
-      "kisc=K**2*6*i\n",
-      "ts_tf=(1/6.0)*6**2*(f/1000.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)current=\",If,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)line current=\",kisc,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)percentage=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)voltage= 298.142397 V\n",
-        "b)current= 134.16407865 A\n",
-        "c)line current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "d)percentage= 30.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.12, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=5.0\n",
-      "per=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(ratio/3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(3.0/5)*5**2*0.01*per*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",tst_tf,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 75.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.13, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "per=3.5\n",
-      "v2=92.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(2/(v/v2))\n",
-      "ts_tf=k**2*(v/v2)**2*0.01*per\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 30.4347826087 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.14, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=12.0#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i=45.0#A\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "if_=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*pf*v)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/if_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 2.244\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.15, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=60.0#A\n",
-      "n1=940.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=150.0#N-m\n",
-      "i2=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=(1000-n1)/1000\n",
-      "tst=t*(i2/i)**2*sf\n",
-      "s_i=i2/3\n",
-      "sd_tst=tst/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print\"when star/delta is used:\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",s_i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",sd_tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Starting torque= 225.0 N-m\n",
-        "when star/delta is used:\n",
-        "starting current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 75.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.16, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "tapping=70.7\n",
-      "ratio=6.0\n",
-      "slip=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tst_tf=(1.0/3.0)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "tst_tf2=(1.0/2)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star-delta switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformer switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "star-delta switch:starting torque= 48.0 %\n",
-        "auto-transformer switch:starting torque= 72.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.17, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11.2#W\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=960.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=86.4#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*pf*math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "iph=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(ist*math.sqrt(3)/il)**2*0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting torque= 26.6369577796 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.18, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "iscp=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=iscp/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 1.23388000387\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.19, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.73*1000#W\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=4.5\n",
-      "t=250.0\n",
-      "i=650.0\n",
-      "tap=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=i/3\n",
-      "im=i/3\n",
-      "tst=t/3\n",
-      "ilm=(tap/100)**2*i\n",
-      "imk=(tap/100)*i\n",
-      "tstk=(tap/100)**2*t\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star/delta:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",im,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"60% taps:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ilm,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",imk,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tstk,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " star/delta:\n",
-        "line current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "motor current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 83.3333333333 %\n",
-        "60% taps:\n",
-        "line current= 234.0 %\n",
-        "motor current= 390.0 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.20, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=180.0\n",
-      "flt=35.0\n",
-      "tap=75.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=load*3.0/100\n",
-      "isck=tap**2*isc/100\n",
-      "sf=flt*3\n",
-      "tst_tf=tap**2*sf/100\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",isck,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf/100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 303.75 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 59.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.21, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=7.46#kW\n",
-      "ic=1.7\n",
-      "t=35.0\n",
-      "ratio=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=t*3/100\n",
-      "il1=ic*3\n",
-      "tst=(ratio/1000)**2*sf*10000\n",
-      "il2=(ratio/100)*3*ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"auto-starter:\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current=\",il1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage decreased to 60%\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current\",il2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-starter:\n",
-        "line-current= 5.1 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n",
-        "voltage decreased to 60%\n",
-        "line-current 3.06 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.22, Page Number:1342"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slip=2.0\n",
-      "r=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=6.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "smax=r2=slip/100.0\n",
-      "R1=r2/smax\n",
-      "K=math.pow(smax,1.0/5)\n",
-      "R2=K*R1\n",
-      "R3=K*R2\n",
-      "R4=K*R3\n",
-      "R5=K*R4\n",
-      "p1=R1-R2\n",
-      "p2=R2-R3\n",
-      "p3=R3-R4\n",
-      "p4=R4-R5\n",
-      "p5=R5-r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistances of various starter sections:\"\n",
-      "print \"p1=\",p1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p2=\",p2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p3=\",p3,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p4=\",p4,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p5=\",p5,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistances of various starter sections:\n",
-        "p1= 0.542694948073 ohm\n",
-        "p2= 0.248177141409 ohm\n",
-        "p3= 0.113492660539 ohm\n",
-        "p4= 0.0519007670213 ohm\n",
-        "p5= 0.0237344829577 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.23, Page Number:1345"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "primary=complex(1,3)\n",
-      "outer=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.6,5)\n",
-      "s=4\n",
-      "outer2=complex(3/(s*0.01),1)\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.6/(s*0.01),5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer)+(1/inner))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=4\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer2)+(1/inner2))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=4: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1: torque= 35065.3642462 synch watt\n",
-        "s=4: torque= 32129.9449695 synch watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.24, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.4,2)\n",
-      "outer=complex(2,0.4)\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.4/(s*0.01),2)\n",
-      "outer2=complex(2/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer)\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner.imag/outer.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zo/zi)**2\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=1:\",to_ti\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=5\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner2)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer2)\n",
-      "print zi\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner2.imag/outer2.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zi/zo)**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=5:\",to_ti"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=1: 5.0\n",
-        "8.24621125124\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=5: 0.212478752125\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.25, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05,0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5,0.1)\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.01\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5/(s*0.01),0.1)\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=5:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 22307.6923077 synch watts\n",
-        "s=5:torque= 9620.58966517 synch watts\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.26, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=Symbol('s')\n",
-      "z2=complex(2,1.2)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0.5,3.5)\n",
-      "#Z1=((2/s)^2+1.2^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#Z2=((0.5/s)^2+3.5^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#T1=T2\n",
-      "ans=solve([(((2**2)/(s**2))+1.2**2)-((((0.5**2)/(s**2))+3.5**2)*4)],[s])\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",round(ans[1][0]*100,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 25.1 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.27, Page Number:1347"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zo=complex(1,0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.15,3)\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "stator=complex(0.25,3.5)\n",
-      "z01=z2+stator\n",
-      "i=complex(v,0)/z01\n",
-      "i=abs(i)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z01.real\n",
-      "T=cu_loss*3/(2*math.pi*(n/60))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",T,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 135.560320318 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.28, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z1=complex(1,2.8)\n",
-      "zo=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5,5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.04\n",
-      "zo=complex(3.0/s,1.0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5/s,5.0)\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=4:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 12388.3258184 synch. watt\n",
-        "s=4:torque= 11489.1141244 synch. watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.29, Page Number:1351"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1440.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1320.0#rpm\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/4.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n1)/ns\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.6 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.30, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "s1=s\n",
-      "n1=ns*(1-s1)\n",
-      "n2=n1-10*n1/100\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.646666666667 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.31, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/6\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f_=sa*f\n",
-      "n_=(120*f_)/4\n",
-      "sb=(n_-n)/n_\n",
-      "f__=sb*f_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resu;t\n",
-      "print \"f_=\",f_,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"f_ _=\",f__,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "f_= 20.6 Hz\n",
-        "f_ _= 1.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.32, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f2=1.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "s=f2/f\n",
-      "n=nsc-s*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/4\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f1=sa*f\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "sb=(n2-n)/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 60.8 %\n",
-        "sb= 3.28947368421 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.33, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=74.6#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 29.84 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 79
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.34, Page Number:1355"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 10 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qaQF6hK.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qaQF6hK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 447ef8ab..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qaQF6hK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,388 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6743417a1c79c6197a7cd49755318e10828c09b3cb248c5af8d5364367840700"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 28: Generator Characteristics"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.13, Page Number:984"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "#emf increases by 1 V for every increase of 6 A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=96#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "voltageincrease=i/6\n",
-      "vd=i*ra\n",
-      "voltage_rise=voltageincrease-vd\n",
-      "vconsumer=v+voltage_rise\n",
-      "power_supplied=voltage_rise*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage supplied ot consumer= \",vconsumer,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"power supplied by the booster itself= \",power_supplied/1000,\" kW\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage supplied ot consumer=  234.08  V\n",
-        "power supplied by the booster itself=  1.35168  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.14, Page Number:985"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vd=i*r\n",
-      "voltage_decrease=v-vd\n",
-      "feeder_drop=v*r\n",
-      "booster_voltage=v*v/i1\n",
-      "voltage_net=feeder_drop-booster_voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net decrease in voltage= \",voltage_net,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net decrease in voltage=  2.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.15, Page Number:986"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inl=5.0#A\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "il=6.0#A\n",
-      "i_full=200.0#A(full load)\n",
-      "turns=1600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "shunt_turns1=turns*inl\n",
-      "shunt_turns2=turns*il\n",
-      "increase=shunt_turns2-shunt_turns1\n",
-      "n=increase/i_full#number of series turns required\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of series turns required= \",n,\" tunrs/pole\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of series turns required=  8.0  tunrs/pole\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.16, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#turns/pole\n",
-      "series_winding=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "increase_i=0.2#A\n",
-      "ia=80#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "additional_at=n*increase_i\n",
-      "current_required=additional_at/series_winding\n",
-      "R=(current_required*r)/(ia-current_required)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Divertor resistance= \",R,\" ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Divertor resistance=  0.0833333333333  ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.17, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "divertor=0.14#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#short shunt\n",
-      "vd=i*rse\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "armature_drop=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+vd+armature_drop\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "print vd\n",
-      "E2=v+vd\n",
-      "current_divertor=(ia*divertor)/(divertor+rse)\n",
-      "change=(current_divertor/ia)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)emf induced using short shunt= \",E\n",
-      "print \"b)emf induced using long shunt= \",E2\n",
-      "print \"c)series amp-turns are reduced to \",change,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "16.704\n",
-        "a)emf induced using short shunt=  236.44\n",
-        "b)emf induced using long shunt=  236.704\n",
-        "c)series amp-turns are reduced to  70.0  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.18, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=250*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "i=7#A\n",
-      "inl=12#A\n",
-      "shunt=650#turns/pole\n",
-      "series=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "rse=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i_fulload=p/v\n",
-      "shunt_increase=shunt*(inl-i)\n",
-      "ise=shunt_increase/series\n",
-      "i_d=i_fulload-ise\n",
-      "Rd=(ise*rse)/i_d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load\",Rd,\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load 0.0212751091703 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.19, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "p=60.0*1000#W\n",
-      "n=1600.0#turns/pole\n",
-      "inl=1.25#A\n",
-      "vnl=125#V\n",
-      "il=1.75#A\n",
-      "vl=150.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "extra_excitation=n*(il-inl)\n",
-      "ise=p/vl\n",
-      "series=extra_excitation/ise\n",
-      "ise2=extra_excitation/3\n",
-      "i_d=ise-ise2\n",
-      "rd=(ise2*0.02)/i_d\n",
-      "reg=(vnl-vl)*100/vl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)minimum number of series turns/pole= \",series\n",
-      "print \"ii)divertor resistance= \",rd\n",
-      "print \"iii)voltage regulation= \",reg,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)minimum number of series turns/pole=  2.0\n",
-        "ii)divertor resistance=  0.04\n",
-        "iii)voltage regulation=  -16.6666666667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.20, Page Number:989"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#v\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=160.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#160 A\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "#50 A\n",
-      "vd2=i2*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 160 A=\",vd,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 50 A=\",vd2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage drop at 160 A= 8.0 V\n",
-        "voltage drop at 50 A= 2.5 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qnXMBUI.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qnXMBUI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ce13ea95..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_qnXMBUI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:072a977ff7e7f41108f647b699866e16f58bf91b148a03cefc5a07bc1eeda05b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 30:Speed Control of D.C. Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.1, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "n=250#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "ra=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "ia2=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 320.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.2, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 828.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=80.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "r1=(n2*eb1*v)/(n*eb2*ish1)\n",
-      "r=r1-rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/r1\n",
-      "torque_ratio=ish2*ia2/(ish1*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torque=\",torque_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 68.9506880734 ohm\n",
-        "ratio of torque= 1.25411235955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/(rf+r)\n",
-      "ia2=ia*1/ish2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ish2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"new armature current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 2939.0 rpm\n",
-        "new armature current= 40.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.5, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rt=Symbol('rt')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=solve(((n2*eb1*(v/rt))/(n*(v-(ia*ra/(v/rt)))))-1,rt)\n",
-      "r=rt[0]-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 88.3128987990058 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.6, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=1+0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "x=solve((ratio*eb1/((v-ia*ra*x)*x))-1,x)\n",
-      "per=1-1/x[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"main flux has to be reduced by=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "main flux has to be reduced by= 37.2991677469778 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.7, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=10#kW\n",
-      "i=41#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rw=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio1=1-0.50\n",
-      "n=2500\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ratio1*ia1/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*(ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"motor speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 26.0 A\n",
-        "motor speed= 2987.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.8, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "n=850#rpm\n",
-      "ia=72.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "n2=1650#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=40#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ratio=(n*eb2)/(n2*eb1)\n",
-      "per=1-ratio\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 46.5636857585 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.9, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ia2=solve((((v-ra*ia2)*ia2)/(eb1*ratio*ia))-1,ia2)\n",
-      "per=ia/ia2[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mail flux should be reduced by=\",round(per,4)*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mail flux should be reduced by= 62.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.10, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=ratio*(v-ia*ra)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in the series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in the series= 5.25 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.11, Page Number:1036"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-i_f)*ra\n",
-      "kpsi=eb0/1000\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n1=eb1/kpsi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n1,1),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 966.2 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.12, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "i2=20#A\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb/n\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/(ia)-ra\n",
-      "eb3=v-i2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 1.15 ohm\n",
-        "speed= 922.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.13, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.48#kW\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=990#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2#A\n",
-      "n2=450#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "losses=input_p-load*1000\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "loss_nl=losses-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "eb1=v-20-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb1/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "total_loss=ia**2*(r+ra)+loss+loss_nl\n",
-      "output=input_p-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor input=\",input_p/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor input= 8.5 kW\n",
-        "armature current= 36.6363636364 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.93403113016 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 41.6691237902 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.14, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb1=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=990.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in series= 4.55353535354 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 83
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.15, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k2=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "rf1=v/if1\n",
-      "rf2=v/if2\n",
-      "r=rf2-rf1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 100.0 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.16, Page Number:1039"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=22.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k1=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "if2=n2*ia/n\n",
-      "ia2=solve(v-ra*ia2-(k1*ia*if1*n2)/ia2,ia2)\n",
-      "if2=ia*if1/ia2[0]\n",
-      "r=v/if2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new field resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new field resistance to be added= 306.828780053869 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.17, Page Number:1040"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "output=25#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-if1\n",
-      "il=ratio*ia\n",
-      "r=v/il\n",
-      "r_ext=r-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",round(r_ext,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 1.341 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.18, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=17.5#A\n",
-      "n2=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",round(r,1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 4.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.19, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ra=1.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=500#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4#A\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=26#A\n",
-      "r=2.3#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2_=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "n2__=n*eb2/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%=\",round(n2__),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected= 831.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%= 978.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.20, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=ia2=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia2/2\n",
-      "n3=n*(v-ia3*rt)/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 771.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.21, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=20#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=1.0/2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at half full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 550.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at half full-load torque= 588.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 137
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.22, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=30.0#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at double full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 427.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at double full-load torque= 317.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.23, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "n=750.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=250.0#N-m\n",
-      "r=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t1=load/(2*3.14*(n/60))\n",
-      "ia1=load/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*math.sqrt(t2/t1)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia1*n/(eb1*ia2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which machine will run=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which machine will run= 381.789716486 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.24, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=7.46*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2.0#A\n",
-      "n2=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=output/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-20-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "input_m=(v)*(ia2+ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_cu_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_loss-total_cu_loss\n",
-      "stray_loss2=stray_loss*n2/n\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia1**2*rt\n",
-      "total_loss2=stray_loss2+cu_loss_f+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "output2=input_m-total_loss2\n",
-      "efficiency=output2*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"overall efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 4460.66115702 W\n",
-        "armature current= 36.5330578512 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.42352222599 ohm\n",
-        "overall efficiency= 52.619059225 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.25, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=15.0#A\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "n2=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=((v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia)-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia/2\n",
-      "eb3=v-ia3*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 615.584415584 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.26, Page Number:1045"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "inl=3.5#A\n",
-      "il=59.5#A\n",
-      "rf=267.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2.0#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.02\n",
-      "speed_ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=inl-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra-vd\n",
-      "ia2=il-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-vd\n",
-      "n1_by_n2=eb1*(1-ratio)/eb2\n",
-      "per_change=(1-1/n1_by_n2)*100\n",
-      "r=solve(eb2*speed_ratio/(eb2-ia2*r)-1,r)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"change in speed=\",per_change,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r[0],\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "change in speed= 0.83357557339 %\n",
-        "resistance to be added= 3.33092370774547 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*(n2/n)**2\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resustance that must be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resustance that must be added= 1.32708333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "i_permissible=i*ratio\n",
-      "ia_per=i_permissible-ish\n",
-      "ra_total=v/ia_per\n",
-      "r_required=ra_total-ra\n",
-      "torque=ratio*ta\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_required,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed at starting=\",torque,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "net torque= 365.403326173 N-m\n",
-        "starting resistance= 0.913513513514 ohm\n",
-        "torque developed at starting= 548.104989259 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.29, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "rf=40.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=55.0#A\n",
-      "n=595.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.58#ohm\n",
-      "n2=630.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia_=15.0#A\n",
-      "rd=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ra1=r+ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra1*ia1\n",
-      "ia2=ia1\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*(n2/n)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia1\n",
-      "eb2_=v-ia_*ra1\n",
-      "n2=eb2_*n/eb1\n",
-      "eb3=eb1\n",
-      "IR=v-eb3-ia2*ra\n",
-      "pd=v-IR\n",
-      "i_d=pd/rd\n",
-      "i=ia2+i_d\n",
-      "R=IR/i\n",
-      "I=solve(rd*(I-ia_)-v+R*I,I)\n",
-      "eb4=v-R*I[0]-ia_*ra\n",
-      "n4=n*(eb4/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature circuit resistance should be reduced by=\",ra1-r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when Ia=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"value of series resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor current falls to 15A=\",n4,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature circuit resistance should be reduced by= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "speed when Ia= 668.5 rpm\n",
-        "value of series resistance= 0.344418052257 ohm\n",
-        "speed when motor current falls to 15A= 636.922222222222 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.31, Page Number:1051"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=math.sqrt(2*2**0.5*i**2)\n",
-      "n2=n*2*i/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n",
-        "current= 25.2268924576 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.32, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=707#rpm\n",
-      "ia1=100#A\n",
-      "v=85#V\n",
-      "rf=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ra_total=ra+(2*rf)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra_total\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**0.5\n",
-      "rf=rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)*(2*ia1/ia2)\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n/n2)*eb2))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1029.46885374 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.171040764009 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.33, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "R=v/ia-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at starting=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at 1000 rpm\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added at starting= 5.7 ohm\n",
-        "resistance to be added at 1000 rpm 1.9 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.34, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=20.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**(3.0/4.0)\n",
-      "n2=n*ratio*ia1/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 33.6358566101 A\n",
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.35, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=350.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia*(n2/n)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "V=solve((n2*eb1*ia2/(n*ia))+ia2-V,V)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage=\",V[0],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " current= 35.7142857143 A\n",
-        "voltage= 433.673469387755 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.36, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=10.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.70\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "r_total=ra+rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-r_total*ia\n",
-      "n2=(eb2*n/(eb1*ratio))\n",
-      "    \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1444.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.37, Page Number:1054"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=(ratio*2*ia**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/ia2)*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 777.147765122 rpm\n",
-        "speed= 69.2820323028 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.38, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#when divertor is added\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+4*r)\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*(ra+rd)/rd)**0.5\n",
-      "ra_=rd*ra/(ra+rd)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra_\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*3/(2*ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#rearranged field coils in two series and parallel group\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*2)**0.5\n",
-      "r=ra+r\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*r\n",
-      "n2_=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/(ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when divertor was added=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when field coils are rearranged=\",n2_,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when divertor was added= 1112.87640676 rpm\n",
-        "speed when field coils are rearranged= 1275.19533144 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.39, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "rf=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=20#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-il*(ra+rf/4)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(1/(1-ratio))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1162.92198261 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.40, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=200.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rd=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=ra+rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "i2=solve(((rd+rf)*i2**2)-(v*i2)-(i**2*rd),i2)\n",
-      "pd=v-i2[1]*rf\n",
-      "ia2=((rd+rf)*i2[1]-v)/rd\n",
-      "eb2=pd-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(i/i2[1])*n\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 342.848235418389 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.41, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "r=3#ohm\n",
-      "i2=15#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-(r+ra)*i2\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)/ratio\n",
-      "power_ratio=(n*i)/(n2*i2*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of power outputs=\",power_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 1349.65437788 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of power outputs= 1.48186086214\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.42, Page Number:1057"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "I=(i**2*ratio**3)**0.5\n",
-      "eb2=I*ratio*v/i\n",
-      "R=(v-eb2)/I\n",
-      "pa=v*i/1000\n",
-      "power_n=pa*ratio**4\n",
-      "pa=eb2*I\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resistance required=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Resistance required= 7.26432660412 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.44, Page Number:1060"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "n2=550#rpm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi1=eb1/n\n",
-      "eb2=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi2=eb2/n2\n",
-      "eb_=v-i*2*r\n",
-      "n=eb_/((eb1/n2)+(eb2/n))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 248.120300752 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.45, Page Number:1061"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ratio1=5.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "t=882#N-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "k=v/(n*i/60)\n",
-      "I=(t/((ratio1+ratio2)*0.159*k))**0.5\n",
-      "nsh=v/((ratio1+ratio2)*k*I)\n",
-      "eb1=ratio1*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "eb2=ratio2*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",I,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of shaft=\",round(nsh*60),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage across the motors=\",round(eb1),\"V,\",round(eb2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 49.5202984449 A\n",
-        "speed of shaft= 134.0 rpm\n",
-        "voltage across the motors= 139.0 V, 111.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.46, Page Number:1063"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "t=700#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.008#ohm\n",
-      "rf=55#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=375#N-m\n",
-      "n2=1050#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*t/60\n",
-      "power_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "im=power_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=im-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*t2/t\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=eb2/ia2-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"dynamic break resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "dynamic break resistance= 0.795525014538 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 118
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.47, Page Number:1064"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "n=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.746\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "eb=v-I*ra\n",
-      "vt=v+eb\n",
-      "i_max=2*I\n",
-      "r=vt/i_max\n",
-      "R=r-ra\n",
-      "N=n/60\n",
-      "phizp_by_a=eb/N\n",
-      "k4=phizp_by_a*v/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "k3=phizp_by_a**2/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "tb=k4+k3*N\n",
-      "tb0=k4\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"breaking resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque=\",tb,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque when N=0 =\",tb0,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "breaking resistance= 6.1 ohm\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque= 1028.3970276 N-m\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque when N=0 = 522.360394972 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.48, Page Number:1069"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=120#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "l=20*0.001#H\n",
-      "ka=0.05#V/rpm motor constant\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vt=ia*ra\n",
-      "alpha=vt/v\n",
-      "#when alpha=1\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "N=eb/ka\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"range of speed control=\",0,\"to\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"range of duty cycle=\",(alpha),\"to\",1"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " range of speed control= 0 to 2200.0 rpm\n",
-        "range of duty cycle= 0.0833333333333 to 1\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.49, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=ratio*i\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r_start=r1-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_start,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 2.78842716711 ohm\n",
-        "back emf= 66.6666666667 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 125
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.50, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r1=v/ia\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.812 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.215 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.815 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.546 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.366 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.246 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.51, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=6\n",
-      "load=3.73#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=output-load\n",
-      "cu_loss=total_loss*ratio\n",
-      "i=output*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-i1\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss*1000/ia**2\n",
-      "i_per=i*2\n",
-      "ia_per=i_per-i1\n",
-      "r1=v/ia_per\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.627 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.709 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.468 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.309 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.52, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "load=36.775#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.05\n",
-      "rsh=200#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=input_m*ratio\n",
-      "cu_loss_sh=v**2/rsh\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=cu_loss-cu_loss_sh\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss_a/ia**2\n",
-      "k=(v/(ia*ra))**(1.0/(n))\n",
-      "i1=k*ia\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.974 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.36 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.219 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.133 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.0 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.081 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.53, Page Number:1082"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.125#ohm\n",
-      "i2=150.0#A\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve((i1/i2)**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r6/k\n",
-      "r8=r7/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-r8\n",
-      "p8=r8-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 8th section=\",round(p8,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.313 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.234 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.176 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.132 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.099 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.056 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 8th section= 0.042 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.54, Page Number:1083"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=20\n",
-      "ra=1.31#ohm\n",
-      "t=218#N-m\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "slot=60\n",
-      "phi=23*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=t/(0.159*phi*slot*z)\n",
-      "i1=ia*ratio\n",
-      "i2=ia\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve(k**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 2.237 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.491 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.994 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.678 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.55, Page Number:1084"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "drop=0.02\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "i_per=1.30\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=i_per*il\n",
-      "vd=drop*v\n",
-      "rm=vd/il\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r=(r1-rm)/6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of each rheostat=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of each rheostat= 0.615721729566 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 165
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.56, Page Number:1085"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=55.95#kW\n",
-      "v=650.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.51#ohm\n",
-      "i1=140.0#A\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "per=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=((per+1)/ratio-per)*r1\n",
-      "r3=(per+1)*r2/ratio-per*r1\n",
-      "r4=((per+1)*r3/ratio)-per*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"number of steps=\",3\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "number of steps= 3\n",
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.364 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 1.17 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 170
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_rd9Cqof.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_rd9Cqof.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index feb75575..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_rd9Cqof.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5447 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:37afbdb95d83a409c42483f9400df0ec405aafcb3f017067345a44342a88aaf2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 32: Transformer"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.1, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "phi=1.2#Wb-m2\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "a=v2/(4.44*f*n2*phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"secondary turns=\",n2\n",
-      "print \"area of core=\",round(a,2),\"m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary turns= 31.25\n",
-        "secondary turns= 375.0\n",
-        "area of core= 0.03 m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.2, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "bm=1.3#Tesla\n",
-      "sf=0.9\n",
-      "per=10#%\n",
-      "a=20*20*sf/10000#m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "n2=v2/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "e_per_turn=v1/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV TURNS=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"LV TURNS=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"EMF per turns=\",round(e_per_turn,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV TURNS= 1059.0\n",
-        "LV TURNS= 53.0\n",
-        "EMF per turns= 10.4 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.3, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=1000.0\n",
-      "a=60.0/10000.0#cm2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "e1=520.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "bm=e1/(4.44*f*n1*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak value of flux density=\",bm,\"WB/m2\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary winding=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak value of flux density= 0.975975975976 WB/m2\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary winding= 1300.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.4, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=50.0\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "e1=v/n1\n",
-      "e2=e1*n2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary and secondary currents=\",i1,\"A\", i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary emf=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWB\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary and secondary currents= 8.33333333333 A 83.3333333333 A\n",
-        "secondary emf= 300.0 V\n",
-        "flux= 27.027027027 mWB\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.5, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "load=300#kVA\n",
-      "phim=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=4.44*f*phim\n",
-      "e2=v2/1.732\n",
-      "t1=v1/e\n",
-      "t2=e2/e\n",
-      "output=load/3\n",
-      "HV=100*1000/v1\n",
-      "LV=100*1000/e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",t1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",t2\n",
-      "print \"emf per turn=\",e2\n",
-      "print \"full load HV=\",HV\n",
-      "print \"full load LV=\",LV"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 990.990990991\n",
-        "LV turns= 28.6082849593\n",
-        "emf per turn= 317.551963048\n",
-        "full load HV= 9\n",
-        "full load LV= 314.909090909\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.6, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=1200.0\n",
-      "a=80.0/10000.0#m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phim=n1/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "bm=phim/a\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak flux-density=\",bm,\"Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak flux-density= 0.563063063063 Wb\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary= 1200.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.7, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varible declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=250.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "v=1500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current an secondary current=\",i1,\"A\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)seconary emf=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)maximum flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current an secondary current= 16.6666666667 A 104.166666667 A\n",
-        "ii)seconary emf= 240.0 V\n",
-        "iii)maximum flux= 27.027027027 mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.8, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "a=20.0*20.0/10000#m2\n",
-      "phim=1.0#Wbm2\n",
-      "v1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2=v2/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "t1=t2*v1/v2\n",
-      "n1=t1/2\n",
-      "n2=t2/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 168.918918919\n",
-        "LV turns= 12.3873873874\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.9, Page Number:1126"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "p=400.0#W\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "i0=0.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=p/v1\n",
-      "imu=(i1**2-il**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw=i0*pf\n",
-      "imu2=(i0**2-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"magnetising currents=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iron loss current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"magnetising components of no load primary current=\",imu2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"working components of no-load primary current=\",iw,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "magnetising currents= 0.571788552492 A\n",
-        "iron loss current= 0.181818181818 A\n",
-        "magnetising components of no load primary current= 0.476969600708 A\n",
-        "working components of no-load primary current= 0.15 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.10, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "l=150.0#cm\n",
-      "airgap=0.1#mm\n",
-      "e1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "d=7.8#grma/cm3\n",
-      "loss=2.0#watt/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=e1/(4.44*f*n1*phim)\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "v2=k*e1\n",
-      "iron=l*5\n",
-      "air=phim*airgap/(1000*4*3.14*10**(-7))\n",
-      "bmax=iron+air\n",
-      "imu=bmax/(n1*2**0.5)\n",
-      "volume=l*a\n",
-      "im=volume*d*10\n",
-      "total_i=im*2\n",
-      "iw=total_i/(e1)\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=iw/i0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross sectional area=\",a*10000,\"cm2\"\n",
-      "print \"b)no load secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"c)no load current=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross sectional area= 225.225225225 cm2\n",
-        "b)no load secondary voltage= 240.0 V\n",
-        "c)no load current= 1.19577611723 A\n",
-        "d)power factor= 0.145353269536\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.11, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1000\n",
-      "n2=200\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=280#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i2_=i2/5\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(phi1))\n",
-      "i1=i*complex(pf,-sinphi)+i2_*complex(pf2,-sinphi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",abs(i1),\"/_\",math.degrees(phi1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 64.4918252531 /_ 36.8698976458 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.12, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=440.0#v\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "i0=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=120.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "angle=phi2-phi0\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+(2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle)))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the primary=\",i1,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the primary= 33.9022604184 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.13, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=800.0\n",
-      "n2=200.0\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i1=25.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.707\n",
-      "i2=80.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i0pf2=i1*pf2-i2_*pf\n",
-      "i0sinphi=i1*pf2-i2_*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "phi0=math.atan(i0sinphi/i0pf2)\n",
-      "i0=i0sinphi/math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load current=\",i0,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load current= 5.91703050525 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.14, Page Number:1131"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i0=complex(2,-9.8)\n",
-      "i2_=complex(42.5,-26.35)\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(i1.real/57.333)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= (44.5-36.15j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 39.0890154959 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.15, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable decaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=120.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.22#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.034#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1*k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"high voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"low voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "high voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 13.7 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 5.02 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 14.5907642021 ohm\n",
-        "low voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 0.03425 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.01255 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0364769105051 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.16, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=4400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.009#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.2#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)resistance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)reactance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)impedence=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"v)copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance=\n",
-        "primary= 7.05 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.017625 ohm\n",
-        "reactance=\n",
-        "primary= 11.2 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.028 ohm\n",
-        "impedence=\n",
-        "primary= 13.2341414531 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.0330853536327 ohm\n",
-        "copper loss= 910.382231405 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.17, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "z2=v/(i2)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z2_=z2/k**2\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)load impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"b)impedence referred to high tension side=\",z2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)the value of current referred to the high tension side=\",i2_,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)load impedence= 1.152 ohm\n",
-        "b)impedence referred to high tension side= 115.2 ohm\n",
-        "c)the value of current referred to the high tension side= 20.8333333333 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 70
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.18, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=317.0#V\n",
-      "load2=0.62#kW\n",
-      "lvload=0.48#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r1=load2*1000/i**2\n",
-      "r2=lvload*1000/i2**2\n",
-      "r2_=r2*k**2\n",
-      "x01=4*v1/(i1*100)\n",
-      "x2_=x01*r2_/(r1+r2_)\n",
-      "x1=x01-x2_\n",
-      "x2=x2_*10/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)r1=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2_=\",r2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x1=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2_=\",x2_,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)r1= 7.502 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.004823472 ohm\n",
-        "r2_= 5.808 ohm\n",
-        "ii)reactance= 48.4 ohm\n",
-        "x1= 27.28 ohm\n",
-        "x2= 0.175398981818 ohm\n",
-        "x2_= 21.12 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 76
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.19, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "k=19.5\n",
-      "r1=25.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=1.25#A\n",
-      "angle=30#degrees\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=50#V\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v2=complex(500,0)\n",
-      "i2=i2*complex(0.8,-0.6)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "e2=v2+i2*z2\n",
-      "beta=math.atan(e2.imag/e2.real)\n",
-      "e1=e2*k\n",
-      "i2_=i2/k\n",
-      "angle=beta+math.radians(90)+math.radians(angle)\n",
-      "i0=i*complex(math.cos(angle),math.sin(angle))\n",
-      "i1=-i2_+i0\n",
-      "v2=-e1+i1*complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real)-math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "power=abs(v2)*i*math.cos(math.radians(60))\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i2)**2*r02\n",
-      "output=500*abs(i2)*pf2\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+power\n",
-      "inpt=output+loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary applied voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"primary pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary applied voltage= (-11464.2126901-1349.15424294j) V\n",
-        "primary pf= 0.698572087114\n",
-        "efficiency= 86.7261056254 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 94
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.20, Page Number:1138"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=1100#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "zh=complex(0.1,0.4)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.006,0.015)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "#HV \n",
-      "r1=zh.real+zl.real*k**2\n",
-      "x1=zh.imag+zl.imag*k**2\n",
-      "z1=(r1**2+x1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#LV\n",
-      "r2=r1/k**2\n",
-      "x2=x1/k**2\n",
-      "z2=z1/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"LV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.25 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.775 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.814324873745 ohm\n",
-        "LV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.01 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.031 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0325729949498 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.21, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230#V\n",
-      "v2=460#V\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.75#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.8#ohm\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x02=x2+k**2*x1\n",
-      "vd=i*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "vt2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",vt2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 424.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.22, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.0#%\n",
-      "x=5.0#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "mu=r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "mu2=r**2+x*0\n",
-      "mu3=r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lag:\",mu,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1:\",mu2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lead:\",mu3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lag: 3.8 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=1: 1.0 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lead: -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 98
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.23, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "regn=r*cosphi+x*sinphi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.59016994375 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4472135955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.24, Page Number:1142"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "load1=500#KVA\n",
-      "load2=400#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kw=load2*pf\n",
-      "kvar=load2*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "drop=(r*kw/load1)+(x*kvar/load1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage voltage drop=\",drop,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage voltage drop= 4.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.25, Page Number:1144"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.286#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.319#ohm\n",
-      "ro=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "xo=1250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2_=complex(r2_,x2_)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.387,0.29)\n",
-      "ym=complex(0.004,-0.0008)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "zl_=zl/(k**2)\n",
-      "zm=1/ym\n",
-      "x=zm+zl_+z2_\n",
-      "i1=v1/(z1+(zm*(z2_+zl_))/(zm+z2_+zl_))\n",
-      "i2_=i1*zm/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "io=i1*(z2_+zl_)/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "pf=i1.real/abs(i1)\n",
-      "pi=v1*abs(i1)*pf/1000\n",
-      "po=abs(i2_)**2*zl_.real/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i1)**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_loss2=abs(i2_)**2*r2_\n",
-      "core_loss=io.real**2*240\n",
-      "e=po*100/pi\n",
-      "v2_=i2_*zl_\n",
-      "reg=(v1-v2_.real)*100/v2_.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power input=\",round(pi.real,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output=\",round(po,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Primary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Secondary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss2),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e.real,2),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",round(reg.real),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power input= 104.6 kW\n",
-        "Power output= 82.5 kW\n",
-        "Primary Cu loss= 854.0 W\n",
-        "Secondary Cu loss= 680.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 78.91 %\n",
-        "Regulation= 3.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.26, Page Number:1145"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=600#V\n",
-      "v2=1080#V\n",
-      "v=720#V\n",
-      "load=8#W\n",
-      "load2=10#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ir2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "il2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ir2_=ir2*v2/v1\n",
-      "il2_=il2*v/v1\n",
-      "ir2=math.sqrt(ir2_**2+il2_**2)\n",
-      "s=complex(load,load2)\n",
-      "s=abs(s)\n",
-      "pf=load/s\n",
-      "i=s*load2*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 21.3437474581 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.624695047554\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "i=0.5#A\n",
-      "p=30#W\n",
-      "r=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=v/v1\n",
-      "pf=p/(i*v)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sqrt(1-pf**2)\n",
-      "ip=i*sinphi\n",
-      "iw=i*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*r\n",
-      "iron_loss=p-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)turns ratio=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"ii)magnetising component of no-load current=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)working component of no-load current=\",iw,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)the iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)turns ratio= 2\n",
-        "ii)magnetising component of no-load current= 0.481045692921 A\n",
-        "iii)working component of no-load current= 0.136363636364 A\n",
-        "iv)the iron loss= 29.85 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 104
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=2000.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.2#A\n",
-      "po=90.0#W\n",
-      "vs=50.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=5.0#A\n",
-      "ps=110.0#W\n",
-      "p=3.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r0=v**2/po\n",
-      "ia0=v/r0\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(io**2-ia0**2)\n",
-      "xm=v/ip\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ps/25\n",
-      "x=math.sqrt(z**2-r**2)\n",
-      "r1=r*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "x1=x*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "i_lv1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i_lv=(p*1000/pf)/v\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "reg=i_lv*(r1*pf+x1*sinphi)/v\n",
-      "vt=v2-reg*1000/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"LV crrent at rated load=\",i_lv1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf\",i_lv,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"output secondary voltage=\",vt,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "LV crrent at rated load= 25.0 A\n",
-        "LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf 18.75 A\n",
-        "output secondary voltage= 999.832975251 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 3.34049498886 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.29, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "loss1=52.0#W\n",
-      "f1=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss2=90.0#W\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(loss1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(loss2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 45.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 25.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.30, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "m=10#kg\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f1=25.0\n",
-      "f2=40.0\n",
-      "f3=50.0\n",
-      "f4=60.0\n",
-      "f5=80.0\n",
-      "l1=18.5/f1\n",
-      "l2=36.0/f2\n",
-      "l3=50.0/f3\n",
-      "l4=66.0/f4\n",
-      "l5=104.0/f5\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([l1/f1-(A+f1*B),l2/f2-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "eddy_loss_per_kg=ans[B]*f**2/m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz=\",eddy_loss_per_kg,\"W\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "F=[f1,f2,f3,f4,f5]\n",
-      "L=[l1,l2,l3,l4,l5]\n",
-      "plt.plot(F,L)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"f -->\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Wi/f\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,100))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0.74,2))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz= -0.118333333333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      },
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458da10>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.31, Page Number:1148"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "v1=440#V\n",
-      "f1=50#Hz\n",
-      "p1=2500#W\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f2=25#Hz\n",
-      "p2=850#z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(p1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(p2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 900.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 1600.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.32, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f1=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "core=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=650.0#W\n",
-      "we=350.0#W\n",
-      "v2=2000.0#V\n",
-      "f2=100.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=wh/f1\n",
-      "b=we/f1**2\n",
-      "wh=a*f2\n",
-      "we=b*f2**2\n",
-      "new_core=wh+we\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new core loss=\",new_core,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " new core loss= 2700.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.33, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=1.4#Wb/m2\n",
-      "we=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=3000.0#W\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wh1=wh*1.1**1.6\n",
-      "we1=we*1.1**2\n",
-      "wh2=wh*0.9**(-0.6)\n",
-      "wh3=wh*1.1**1.6*1.1**(-0.6)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%=\",wh1,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%=\",wh2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%=\",wh3,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%= 3494.21441464 W and 1210.0 W\n",
-        "b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%= 3195.77171838 W\n",
-        "c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%= 3300.0 W and 1210.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 119
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.34, Page Number:1150"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "wh=600.0#W\n",
-      "we=loss-wh\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "a=wh/f\n",
-      "b=we/f**2\n",
-      "core_loss=a*f2+b*f2**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core loss at 60 Hz=\",core_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core loss at 60 Hz= 1350.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.35, Page Number:1151"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KvA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x01=34.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary voltage=\",vsc,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary voltage= 199.519931911 V\n",
-        "pf= 0.523468222173\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.36, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.7#A\n",
-      "po=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#v\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ps=85.0#W\n",
-      "load=5.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cosphi0=po/(vo*io)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi0))\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=io*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "r02=ps/i_s**2\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load/pf\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/v2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "print z02\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "1.5\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 377.788243349 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.37, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "k=1.0/6\n",
-      "r1=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "vsc=330.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=vsc/z01\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "cosphisc=i1**2*r01/(vsc*i1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in low voltage winding=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(cosphisc,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in low voltage winding= 200.396236149 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.38, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "r0=1500.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=750.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(iw**2+imu**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pi=v1*iw\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "power=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"reading of instruments=\",vsc,\"V,\",i1,\"A,\",power,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "reading of instruments= 46.8187996429 V, 20.0 A, 880.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 140
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.39, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per1=98.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "per2=98.8#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculaions\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output*100/per2\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "inpt_half=(load/2)*pf*100/per1\n",
-      "loss2=inpt_half-400\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss,(x/4)+y-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "kva=load*(ans[y]/ans[x])*0.5\n",
-      "output=kva*1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]\n",
-      "total_loss=2*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load copper loss= 4.07324441521606 kW\n",
-        "maximum efficiency= 0.968720013059872 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.40, Page Number:1154"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#v\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x01=0.37#ohm\n",
-      "r0=600.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=300.0#ohm\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tantheta=iw/imu\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(tantheta)\n",
-      "theta0=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "angle=theta0-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle))**0.5\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=x01*k**2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current= 20.6693546639 A\n",
-        "ii)secondary terminal voltage= 386.32 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 149
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.43, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=80.0\n",
-      "r1=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=1.1#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=complex(r01,x01)\n",
-      "z02=k**2*z01\n",
-      "v2=k*v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(z02.real*pf-z02.imag*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=vd*100/v2\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent impedence= (0.022+0.079j) ohm\n",
-        "ii)voltage regulation= -1.53925619835 %\n",
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 446.772727273 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.44, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=450.0#V\n",
-      "vb=120.0#V\n",
-      "v1=120.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=80.0#W\n",
-      "v2=9.65#V\n",
-      "i2=22.2#A\n",
-      "w2=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=vb/va\n",
-      "i0=i1*k\n",
-      "cosphi0=w1/(va*i0)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(cosphi0)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "iw=i0*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=i0*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=va/iw\n",
-      "x0=va/imu\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=vb/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "iron_loss=w1\n",
-      "cu_loss=(0.5**2)*w2\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf/2\n",
-      "efficiency2=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent circuit constants=\"\n",
-      "print \"z01=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r01=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8=\",efficiency*100,\"%\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent circuit constants=\n",
-        "z01= 0.434684684685 ohm\n",
-        "x01= 0.360090249002 ohm\n",
-        "r01= 0.243486729973 ohm\n",
-        "ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8= 97.5609756098 % 2.02885695496 %\n",
-        "iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8= 97.3236009732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.45, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=2200.0#V\n",
-      "vb=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=220.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=148.0#W\n",
-      "v2=86.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.5#A\n",
-      "w2=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(pf,1),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 2.94177963326 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 172
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.46, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "v=60.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "w=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v_=400.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v/i\n",
-      "r01=w/i**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage applied to hv side=\",v1+vd,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage applied to hv side= 2065.90767043 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 182
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.47, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=12.0#A\n",
-      "ws=100.0#W\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.0#A\n",
-      "wo=80.0#W\n",
-      "i2=10#A\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "pg=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cosphi0=wo/(vo*io)\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=(1-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "r02=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x02/k**2\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=wo\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=i2*v2*pf/(i2*v2*pf+total_loss)\n",
-      "v1_=((vo*pf+x01)**2+(vo*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"applied voltage=\",v1_,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "applied voltage= 251.442641983 V\n",
-        "efficiency= 96.3984469139 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.48, Page Number:1160"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=3.0#kVA\n",
-      "vo=230.0#V\n",
-      "io=2.0#A\n",
-      "wo=100.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=13.0#A\n",
-      "ws=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ws\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ws/(vs**2)\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.90121149256 %\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 194
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.49, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94\n",
-      "per=0.90\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=per*load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "core_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "pc=core_loss/per**2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=pc\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.5728354534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 196
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.50, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.96#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.0396#ohm\n",
-      "x1=15.8#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.158#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "r=r2+r1*(v2/v1)**2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "v1_=v2+i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(r/x)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)HV side voltage necessary=\",v1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)pf=\",round(pf,2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)HV side voltage necessary= 2409.9826087 V\n",
-        "b)pf= 0.97\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 199
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.51, Page Number:1162"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#v\n",
-      "r1=3.4#ohm\n",
-      "x1=7.2#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.028#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.060#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r=r1*(v2/v1)**2+r2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "ad=i*r*pf\n",
-      "dc=i*x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "oc=v2+ad+dc\n",
-      "bd=i*r*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "b_f=x*pf\n",
-      "cf=b_f-bd\n",
-      "v1_=(oc**2+cf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage on hv side=\",v1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage on hv side= 2229.28500444 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.52, Page Number:1163"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.7#A\n",
-      "w1=65.0#W\n",
-      "v=15.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "w2=75.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.80\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "ih=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2\n",
-      "constant_loss=w1\n",
-      "z=v/i2\n",
-      "r=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=load*100000/(load*1000+cu_loss+constant_loss)\n",
-      "regn=i2*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load regulation=\",regn,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.6183574879 %\n",
-        "full load regulation= 13.7942286341 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 209
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.53, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x=(z**2-cu_loss**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r01=cu_loss*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x01=x*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "z01=z*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "isc=i1*100/z\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"%x=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"primary sc current=\",isc,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "%x= 3.5721142199 %\n",
-        "resistance= 3.9204 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 7.78006477094 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 8.712 ohm\n",
-        "primary sc current= 378.787878788 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.54, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=220.0#V\n",
-      "i_o=4.2#A\n",
-      "wo=148.0#W\n",
-      "vs=86.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.5#A\n",
-      "ws=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "z10=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x01=(z10**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "v1_=((v1*pf+i1*r01)**2+(v1*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn1=(v1_-v1)/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "cu_loss_half=(i1/2)**2*r01\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000*pf*100/(load*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "efficiency_half=(load/2)*1000*pf*100/((load/2)*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "print v1_                                  \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)core loss=\",wo,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)equivalent resistance primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)equivalent resistance secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"d)equivalent reactance primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"e)equivalent reactance secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"f)regulation=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"g)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"h)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency_half,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "2265.01840886\n",
-        "a)core loss= 148.0 W\n",
-        "b)equivalent resistance primary= 3.26530612245 ohm\n",
-        "c)equivalent resistance secondary= 0.0326530612245 ohm\n",
-        "d)equivalent reactance primary= 7.51143635755 ohm\n",
-        "e)equivalent reactance secondary= 0.0751143635755 ohm\n",
-        "f)regulation= 2.95538222101 %\n",
-        "g)efficiency at full load= 97.4548448466 %\n",
-        "h)efficiency at half load= 95.0360304208 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 222
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.55, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=1.0/100\n",
-      "ex=5.0/100\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn2=er*1\n",
-      "regn3=er*pf-ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation with pf=1=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag= 3.8 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation with pf=1= 1.0 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead= -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.56, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per=0.97\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "zper=0.10\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*1\n",
-      "x=0.75\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(output*(1/per-1))\n",
-      "pc=pi/x**2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r=pc*1000/i1**2\n",
-      "er=i1*r/v1\n",
-      "ez=zper\n",
-      "ex=(ez**2-er**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 7.52529846012 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.57, Page Number:1166"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5#%\n",
-      "xdrop=3.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pur=cu_loss/100\n",
-      "pux=xdrop/100\n",
-      "regn2=pur*pf+pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn1=pur*1\n",
-      "regn3=pur*pf-pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation at unity pf=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation at 0.8 lag=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation at 0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation at unity pf= 1.5 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation at 0.8 lag= 3.3 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation at 0.8 lead= -0.9 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.58, Page Number:1168"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#KVA\n",
-      "w1=5.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=7.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "loss=total_loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*w2/2\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+2.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.0186963113 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.59, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "w1=350.0#W\n",
-      "w2=400.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+w1\n",
-      "efficiency2=(load*1000/2)/((load*1000/2)+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency at full load= 97.0873786408 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 232
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.60, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=efficiency**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of P1 and P2=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of P1 and P2= 0.5625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.61, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load1=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=1.4#kW\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.6#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "load=load1*(cu_loss/loss)**0.5\n",
-      "total_loss=loss*2\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=cu_loss*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=total_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output2=(load/2)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency2=output2/(output2+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load for max efficiency=\",load1,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"max efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load for max efficiency= 150.0 kVA\n",
-        "max efficiency= 98.283858876 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 95.2481856352 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 237
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.62, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=40#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=112#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "def e(k):\n",
-      "    e=k*pf*1000*100/(k*pf*1000+(cu_loss*(k/5)**2+40))\n",
-      "    return(e)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "e1=e(1.25)\n",
-      "e2=e(2.5)\n",
-      "e3=e(3.75)\n",
-      "e4=e(5.0)\n",
-      "e5=e(6.25)\n",
-      "e6=e(7.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=[1.25,2.5,3.75,5.0,6.25,7.5]\n",
-      "E=[e1,e2,e3,e4,e5,e6]\n",
-      "plt.plot(K,E)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"load,kVA\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Efficiency\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,8))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((92,98))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458d610>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.63, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "x=loss*1000/(1+9.0/16)\n",
-      "y=(9.0/16)*x\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*(1.0/2)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+y\n",
-      "output=load*pf*0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at hald load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at hald load= 97.9216626699 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.64, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*pf*1000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary resistance= 0.02 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 97.7284199899 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.65, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x01=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i2=1000*load*ratio/v2\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output*1000+total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/(inpt)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 2.4 w\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.8660287081 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.66, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=324.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=4*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*pf/(load*pf+cu_loss/1000+loss/1000)\n",
-      "per=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)percent of full-load=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency= 95.6708921311 %\n",
-        "ii)percent of full-load= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.67, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.8#A\n",
-      "wo=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ws=60.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "loss=ws+wo\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss/1000)\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r02=ws/i2**2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "load=load*(wo/ws)**0.5\n",
-      "load=load*1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"load at unity pf=\",load,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.0960960961 %\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 383.752729583 V\n",
-        "current= 20.0 A\n",
-        "load at unity pf= 4.32049379894 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.68, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "Wi=Symbol('Wi')\n",
-      "Wcu=Symbol('Wcu')\n",
-      "P=600.0#kVA\n",
-      "e=0.92#efficiency\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "x=0.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([(e*(1*P*1+Wi+1**2*Wcu))-(1*P*1),(e*(0.5*P*1+Wi+0.5*0.5*Wcu))-(0.5*P*1)],[Wi,Wcu])\n",
-      "e2=(x*P*pf*100)/((x*P*pf)+ans[Wi]+(x**2*ans[Wcu]))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 90.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.69, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=600.0#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "per=0.60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss1=inpt-load\n",
-      "inpt2=load/(2*efficiency)\n",
-      "loss2=inpt2-load/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss1,x+y/4-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]*0.36\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+ans[x]\n",
-      "output=load*per\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "389.913043478261\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.3282783229260 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.70, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "e1=0.98\n",
-      "e2=0.80\n",
-      "pf=8\n",
-      "z=0.05\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf1*e2\n",
-      "inpt=output/e1\n",
-      "loss=-output+inpt\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss_full=cu_loss/pf1**2\n",
-      "r=round(cu_loss_full*100/load)\n",
-      "sin=math.sin(math.acos(pf1))\n",
-      "regn=(r*pf1+5*sin)+(1.0/200)*(5*pf1-r*sin)**2\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 3.8578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.71, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=5000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=25.0#Hz\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5\n",
-      "we=0.5\n",
-      "wh=0.6\n",
-      "v2=10000.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss1=cu_loss*load/100\n",
-      "we1=we*load/100\n",
-      "wh1=wh*load/100\n",
-      "cu_loss2=cu_loss1\n",
-      "we2=(we1*(50.0/25.0)**2)\n",
-      "wh2=(wh1*(50.0/25))\n",
-      "e1=load*100/(load+cu_loss1+we1+wh1)\n",
-      "e2=load*2*100/(load*2+cu_loss2+we2+wh2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in first case=\",e1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in second case=\",e2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "20.47 0.06 0.05\n",
-        "full load efficiency in first case= 97.4658869396 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency in second case= 97.7039570103 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.72, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=300#KVA\n",
-      "r=1.5#%\n",
-      "load1=173.2#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*load*1000/100\n",
-      "iron_loss=(load1/load)**2*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(load*pf)*100/((load*pf)+(total_loss/1000))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.5610105096 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.73, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "a=0.04#m2\n",
-      "l=2.5#m\n",
-      "bm=1200\n",
-      "inpt=1200#W\n",
-      "pi=400#W\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "f2=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "n2=k*n1\n",
-      "i=1989/n1\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*inpt\n",
-      "total_loss=pi+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)n1=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"  n2=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"b)magnetising current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.00643416423287\n",
-        "a)n1= 216.0\n",
-        "  n2= 22.0\n",
-        "b)magnetising current= 9.21512347826 A\n",
-        "c)efficiency= 98.2398690135 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.74, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.8\n",
-      "x=5.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pf=r/x\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(pf)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "regn=r*math.cos(phi2)+x*math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "efficiency=100/(100+r*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)phi=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"b)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)phi= 18.4349488229 degrees\n",
-        "  ii)regulation= 5.6920997883 %\n",
-        "b)efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.75, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=3.0#A\n",
-      "wo=200.0#W\n",
-      "vsc=15.0#V\n",
-      "isc=30.0#A\n",
-      "wsc=300.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=(i/isc)**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wo)\n",
-      "z=vsc/isc\n",
-      "r=wsc/isc**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(i/v2)*(r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*v2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n",
-        "regulation= 1.72239475667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.76, Page Number:1177"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=400.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "x=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load*x*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+load*2/100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.2493723732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.77, Page Number:1178"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "v2=250#V\n",
-      "vsc=60#V\n",
-      "isc=20#A\n",
-      "wsc=150#W\n",
-      "per=1.2\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=per**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=per*load*1.0\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss*2/1000)\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "e2=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wsc)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n",
-        "full-load efficiency= 95.6251494143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.78, Page Number:1181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "cu_loss=4.5#kW\n",
-      "iron_loss=3.5#kW\n",
-      "t1=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "load1_=400.0#kW\n",
-      "load2_=300.0#kW\n",
-      "load3_=100.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.75\n",
-      "pf3=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load1=load1_/pf1\n",
-      "load2=load2_/pf2\n",
-      "load3=load3_/pf3\n",
-      "wc1=cu_loss\n",
-      "wc2=cu_loss*(load2/load1)**2\n",
-      "wc3=cu_loss*(load3/load1)**2\n",
-      "twc=(t1*wc1)+(t2*wc2)+(t3*wc3)+(t4*0)\n",
-      "iron_loss=24*iron_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=twc+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(t1*load1_)+(t2*load2_)+(t3*load3_)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 86
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.79, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=3.0#kW\n",
-      "tf=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*24/2\n",
-      "wcf=loss*tf/2\n",
-      "wch=loss/8\n",
-      "wch=wch*4\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+wch+wcf\n",
-      "output=load*tf+load*th/2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.2509225092 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.80, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "tf=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t10=14.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#1st transformer\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "tloss=inpt-load\n",
-      "y=tloss/2\n",
-      "x=y\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*tf+th*(x/2**2)+t10*(x/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=tf*load+th*load/2+t10*10\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "#2nd transformer\n",
-      "y=tloss/(1+1.0/4)\n",
-      "x=(tloss-y)\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "wc=tf*y+th*(y/2**2)+t10*(y/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+wc\n",
-      "e2=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency of forst transformer=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency ofsecond transformer=\",e2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.408163265306 1.63265306122\n",
-        "efficiency of forst transformer= 96.5245532574 %\n",
-        "efficiency ofsecond transformer= 97.7876610788 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.81, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "nl=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "ql=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "hl=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "fl=2.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-load\n",
-      "wc_fl=loss/2\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "wc_fl_4=(1.0/4)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=(1.0/2)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_ql=ql*wc_fl_4\n",
-      "wc_hl=hl*wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=fl*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc=wc_ql+wc_hl+wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wh=wc\n",
-      "loss=wh+24*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "half_output=(output/2)\n",
-      "q_load=(load/4)\n",
-      "output=ql*q_load+hl*half_output+fl*output\n",
-      "e=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 89.5592740985 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.82, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "load=15#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "pf1=0.5\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "k1=2#kW\n",
-      "k2=12#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "wc=loss/2\n",
-      "wi=loss/2\n",
-      "w1=k1/pf1\n",
-      "w2=k2/pf2\n",
-      "wc1=wc*(4/load)\n",
-      "wc2=wc\n",
-      "wc12=t1*wc1\n",
-      "wc6=t2*wc2\n",
-      "wc=(wc12+wc6)\n",
-      "wi=24*wi\n",
-      "output=(k1*t1)+(t2*k2)\n",
-      "inpt=output+wc+wi\n",
-      "e=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.918367346939 3.67346938776\n",
-        "efficiency= 95.4351795496 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.83, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "l1_=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "t=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "loss=1.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "l1=l1_/2\n",
-      "l2=l1_\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "loss=loss*2\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "wc1=t*(1.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc2=8*(2.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc=wc1+wc2\n",
-      "wi=24*1\n",
-      "loss=wc+wi\n",
-      "output=3*(l1*1)+8*(l2*1)\n",
-      "e2=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ordinary efficiency=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"all day efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ordinary efficiency= 98.6842105263 %\n",
-        "all day efficiency= 97.1480513578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.84, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94#%\n",
-      "nl=10\n",
-      "hl=5.0\n",
-      "ql=6.0\n",
-      "fl=3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(load*1000)*(1-efficiency)/efficiency\n",
-      "wch=(0.5)**2*pi\n",
-      "eh=wch*hl/1000\n",
-      "wcq=(0.25)**2*pi\n",
-      "eq=ql*wcq/1000\n",
-      "e3=pi*3/1000\n",
-      "e2=pi*24/1000\n",
-      "e=25*hl+12.5*ql+50*fl\n",
-      "efficiency=e/(e+e2+eh+eq+e3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.4557217274 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.85, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=8.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "k1=3.0#kW\n",
-      "k2=8.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.6\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x1=k1/(pf1*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=load/(1*load)\n",
-      "pc1=(0.5)**2*0.1\n",
-      "pc2=pc3=0.10\n",
-      "o1=k1*t1\n",
-      "o2=k2*t2\n",
-      "o3=k2*load\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "wc1=pc1*t1\n",
-      "wc2=pc2*t2\n",
-      "wc3=pc3*t3\n",
-      "cu_loss=wc1+wc2+wc3\n",
-      "loss=400.0*24/10000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficency= 98.27465179 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.86, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=.98\n",
-      "load=15.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0\n",
-      "t2=6.0\n",
-      "t3=6.0\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "k1=2.0\n",
-      "k2=12.0\n",
-      "k3=18.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "x1=k1/(0.5*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=k3/(pf3*load)\n",
-      "wc1=0.131\n",
-      "wc2=0.918\n",
-      "wc3=1.632\n",
-      "o1=t1*k1\n",
-      "o2=t2*k2\n",
-      "o3=t3*k3\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "loss=wc1+wc2+wc3+0.153*24\n",
-      "efficiency=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.9798386522 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.87, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=115.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "power=load*(1-k)\n",
-      "power2=k*load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)power transferred inductively=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"b)power transferred conductively=\",power2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)power transferred inductively= 1.5 kW\n",
-        "b)power transferred conductively= 1.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 145
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.88, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i1=k*i\n",
-      "saving=k*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"economy of cu=\",saving"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "economy of cu= 80.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 147
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.89, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=6600.0#V\n",
-      "v2=5000.0#V\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "phim1=1.3#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phim=e/(4.44*f)\n",
-      "area=phim/phim1\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core area=\",area*10000,\"m2\"\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the hv side=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the lv side=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core area= 277.2002772 m2\n",
-        "number of turns on the hv side= 825.0\n",
-        "number of turns on the lv side= 625.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.90, Page Number:1189"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2640*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i1_-i2\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 219.12 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 1095.6 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 91.3 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.91, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2160*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i2-i1_\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 179.28 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 896.4 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 74.7 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 160
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.92, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "iron_loss=50.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=load*1000/efficiency-load*1000-iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000/(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)\n",
-      "i2=(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"current drawn on hv side=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.9760216579 %\n",
-        "current drawn on hv side= 23.1967703349 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.93, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500#V\n",
-      "v2=2300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva=(v1+v2)*50*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage output=\",v1+v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating of auto transformer=\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage output= 13800 V\n",
-        "kVA rating of auto transformer= 690.0 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.94, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=2300.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#KVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*100/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*100/v2\n",
-      "kva1=(v1+v2)*i1/(100)\n",
-      "kva2=(v1+v2)*i2/(100)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage ratios=\",(v1+v2)/v1,\"or\",(v1+v2)/v2\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in first case=\",kva1\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in second case=\",kva2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage ratios= 1.2 or 6.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in first case= 120.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in second case= 600.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 167
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.95, Page Number:1192"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#v\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "output=2640*i2\n",
-      "i=i2*2640/v1\n",
-      "k=2640/v1\n",
-      "poweri=v1*i1*0.001\n",
-      "power=output/1000-poweri\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rating of the auto-transformer=\",output/1000,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"inductively transferred powers=\",poweri,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"conductively transferred powers=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rating of the auto-transformer= 550.0 kVA\n",
-        "inductively transferred powers= 50.0 kW\n",
-        "conductively transferred powers= 500.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 169
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.96, Page Number:1196"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "za=complex(0.5,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.,10)\n",
-      "load=100#KW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa)*math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb)*math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "96.082805253\n",
-        "SA= 74.5937961595 kW\n",
-        "SB= 25.4062038405 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.97, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r1=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "zb=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.degrees((-1)*math.acos(pf))*math.degrees(math.atan((za/zb).imag/(za/zb).real)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load of B=\",abs(za/zb)\n",
-      "print \"pf of B=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load of B= 1.21872643265\n",
-        "pf of B= 0.613584256393\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.98, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.2,4.8)\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(-pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 224.451917244 -39.3923099293\n",
-        "SB= 275.942423833 -34.8183886694\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 205
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.99, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "r1=0.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "r2=0.75\n",
-      "x2=4.0\n",
-      "load1=180.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=load1/pf\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "s1=s*z2/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "s2=s*z1/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "kw1=abs(s1)*math.cos(math.atan(s1.imag/s1.real))\n",
-      "kw2=abs(s2)*math.cos(math.atan(s2.imag/s2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW1=\",kw1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"kW2=\",kw2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "(1.25+12j)\n",
-        "kW1= 58.119626171 kW\n",
-        "kW2= 121.880373829 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.100, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(0.85,-0.527)\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA for A=\",abs(sa),math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA for B=\",abs(sb),math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA for A= 130.53263665 0.819364787986 lag\n",
-        "kVA for B= 105.238776124 0.884143252833 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.101, Page Number:1198"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "load=125.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(0.9,10)\n",
-      "zb=(100/50)*complex(1.0,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 63.0780848499 -39.929442891 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 62.1031510961 -33.7622749748 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 218
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.102, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "load2=250#kVA\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zb=(500/load2)*zb\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 471.125736359 -40.3232138964 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 281.165527855 -31.0771011508 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 219
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.103, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=1000#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.5,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=i*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ratio=zb/za\n",
-      "ib=i/(1+ratio)\n",
-      "ia=i-ib\n",
-      "ratio=ia.real/ib.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",ia\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",ib\n",
-      "print \"ratio of output=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= (504.451038576-341.246290801j)\n",
-        "IB= (295.548961424-258.753709199j)\n",
-        "ratio of output= 1.70682730924\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 220
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.104, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1.0,5.0)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.0,2.0)\n",
-      "load1=300.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(100.0/250)*zb\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "zab=za*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "drop=zab.real*240/100+zab.imag*180/100\n",
-      "v2=v2-v2*drop/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 55.8895719399 -64.6284382469 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 251.890896741 -30.9383707209 degrees\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 486.177874187 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.105, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n11=5000.0\n",
-      "n12=440.0\n",
-      "load1=200#kVA\n",
-      "n21=5000.0\n",
-      "n22=480.0\n",
-      "load2=350#kVA\n",
-      "x=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=load1*1000/n12\n",
-      "i2=load2*1000/n22\n",
-      "x1=x*n12/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x2=x*n22/(100*i2)\n",
-      "ic=(n22-n12)/0.057\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load circulation current=\",ic/i1,\"times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load circulation current= 1.54385964912 times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.106, Page Number:1203"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "ea=6600#V\n",
-      "eb=6400#V\n",
-      "za=complex(0.3,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.2,1)\n",
-      "zl=complex(8.0,6.0)\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",abs(ia),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",abs(ib),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 195.492387533 A\n",
-        "IB= 422.567795916 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 227
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.107, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "load2=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=950.0#V\n",
-      "r1=2.0\n",
-      "r2=2.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "x2=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/v1\n",
-      "ra=v1*r1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=v1*x1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/v2\n",
-      "rb=v2*r2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=v2*x2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "z=((ra+rb)**2+(xa+xb)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/z\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan((xa+xb)/(ra+rb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load circulating current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load circulating current= 25.0948635944 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.108, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=1000.0#KVA\n",
-      "load2=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=510.0#V\n",
-      "z1=3.0\n",
-      "z2=5.0\n",
-      "r=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/480\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/480\n",
-      "za=z1*v1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "zb=z2*v2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "ic=(v2-v1)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"cross current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "cross current= 315.656565657 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.109, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "loada=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "loadb=250.0#kVA\n",
-      "load=750.0#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=405.0#V\n",
-      "v2=415.0#V\n",
-      "ra=1.0\n",
-      "rb=1.5\n",
-      "xa=5.0\n",
-      "xb=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=loada*1000/400\n",
-      "ra=400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=xa*400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=loadb*1000/400\n",
-      "rb=rb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=xb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "za=complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "zl=400**2*0.001/load*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "ia=(v1*zb+(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(v2*za-(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "sa=400*ia/1000\n",
-      "sb=400*ib/1000\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real))\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross current=\",-abs(ic),math.degrees(math.atan(ic.imag/ic.real))\n",
-      "print \"b)SA=\",abs(sa),pf1,\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"  SB=\",abs(sb),pf2,\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross current= -229.754569404 -72.8972710309\n",
-        "b)SA= 387.844943528 0.820048560714 lag\n",
-        "  SB= 351.964386212 0.738709225528 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.110, Page Number:1205"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zl=complex(2.0,1.5)\n",
-      "za=complex(0.15,0.5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.1,0.6)\n",
-      "ea=207#V\n",
-      "eb=205#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2_=(ia+ib)*zl\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ia.imag/ia.real)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ib.imag/ib.real)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "pa=abs(v2_)*abs(ia)*pfa\n",
-      "pb=abs(v2_)*abs(ib)*pfb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pa,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pb,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pfa\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pfb\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output:\n",
-        " A: 6535.37583042 W\n",
-        " B: 4925.36941503 W\n",
-        "power factor:\n",
-        " A: 0.818428780129\n",
-        " B: 0.775705655277\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 248
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.111, Page Number:1206"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "ib=600.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rb=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "xa=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "xb=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "ea=245.0#V\n",
-      "eb=240.0#V\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.25,0.1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=(ea/ia)*complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=(eb/ib)*complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "i=(ea*zb+eb*za)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2=i*zl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(abs(v2)),round(math.degrees(math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real))),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 230.0 -3.0 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_riYWpjh.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_riYWpjh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e889465f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_riYWpjh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:c262c33cbbcf1d1756b9358f8cf1d8ed92f53825858905e2598fd8e15870c7ca"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 39: Special Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.1, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "p=8.0 #number of poles\n",
-      "tp=5.0 #number of teeth for each pole\n",
-      "nr=50.0 #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=p*tp #number of stator teeth\n",
-      "B=((nr-ns)*360)/(nr*ns) #stepping angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stepping angle is \",B,\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stepping angle is  1.8 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.2, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=2.5\n",
-      "rn=25\n",
-      "f=3600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=360/B\n",
-      "s=r*rn\n",
-      "n=(B*f)/360\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resolution =\",int(r),\"steps/revolution\"\n",
-      "print \" Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions =\",int(s)\n",
-      "print \" Shaft speed\", int(n),\"rps\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " Resolution = 144 steps/revolution\n",
-        "Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions = 3600\n",
-        "Shaft speed 25 rps\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.3, Page Number:1544"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=15 #stepping angle\n",
-      "pn=3 #number of phases\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#number of stator teeth\n",
-      "ns1=((360*nr)/(360-(nr*B))) #ns>nr\n",
-      "ns2=((360*nr)/(360+(nr*B))) #nr>ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"When ns>nr: ns= \",ns1\n",
-      "print \"When nr>ns: ns= \",ns2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "When ns>nr: ns=  12\n",
-        "When nr>ns: ns=  6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.4, Page Number:1545"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=1.8\n",
-      "pn=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "ns=nr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of rotor teeth = \",int(nr)\n",
-      "print \"Number of statot teeth = \",int(ns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of rotor teeth =  50.0\n",
-        "Number of statot teeth =  50.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.5, Page Number:1555"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=40\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a) For a=40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=(-40)\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"b) For a=-40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "e12=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-150))\n",
-      "e23=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-30))\n",
-      "e31=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a+90))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"c) For a=30 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e12=\" ,e12,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e23=\" ,e23,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e31=\" ,e31,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a) For a=40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "   e3s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "b) For a=-40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "   e3s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "c) For a=30 degrees\n",
-        "   e12= -17.3205080757 V\n",
-        "   e23= 34.6410161514 V\n",
-        "   e31= -17.3205080757 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_suexzMr.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_suexzMr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cee05..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_suexzMr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1433 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:62e227cc38186a0706017dd159987c82bd21be1d7e8602e20c55cf079ab30efe"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 33: Transformer:Three Phase"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.1, Page Number:1216"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vd=22000.0#V\n",
-      "vs=400.0#V\n",
-      "phi=0.8\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "v_phase_secondary=vs/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=(vs/vd)/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_primary=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_secondary=i_primary/K\n",
-      "il=i_secondary\n",
-      "output=math.sqrt(3)*il*vs*phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output=\",output/10000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output= 15.2420471066 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.2, Page Number:1217"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vls=11.0#kV\n",
-      "vld=33.0#kV\n",
-      "rh=35.0#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.876#ohm\n",
-      "iron_loss=3050.0#W\n",
-      "phi1=1.0\n",
-      "phi2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=(vls*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vld*1000)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i_Secondary=(w*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vls*1000)\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "fl_culoss=3*((w/(vls*math.sqrt(3)))**2)*r02\n",
-      "fl_totalloss=fl_culoss+iron_loss\n",
-      "fl_efficiency1=w*1000/(w*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "fl_efficiency2=(phi2*w*1000)/(w*phi2*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "cu_loss=.5**2*fl_culoss\n",
-      "totalloss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency1=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000*phi2/2)/((phi2*w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",fl_efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",fl_efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",round(efficiency2*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.5147491838 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.1503046336 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.3585709725 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.3, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.02\n",
-      "va=2000\n",
-      "reactance=0.1\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*100*va/100\n",
-      "regn=r*100*math.cos(phi)+reactance*100*math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Cu loss= 40.0 kW\n",
-        "Regulation= 7.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.4, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=120.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0\n",
-      "v2=400.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=1600.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss_fl=iron_loss*((4/3)**2)\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf*1000\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "efficiency1=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss_hl=0.5**2*cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "total_loss2=cu_loss_hl+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+total_loss2)\n",
-      "total_loss3=2*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(3.0/4)*w*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output+total_loss3\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"3/4 load efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "3/4 load efficiency= 96.5665236052 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.5, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rp=8.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "z=0.07\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "v1=33.0\n",
-      "v2=6.6\n",
-      "w=2*10.0**6\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "fl_i=w/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*10**3)\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rs+(rp*(K*K))\n",
-      "z_drop=z*v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z02=z_drop/fl_i\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt((z02*z02)-(r02*r02))\n",
-      "drop=fl_i*(r02*math.cos(phi)+x02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "V2=secondary_v-drop\n",
-      "line_v=V2*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/secondary_v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage\",line_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary voltage 6254.29059005 V\n",
-        "regulation= 5.23802136291 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.6, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=100.0#kWA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "rh=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.958\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=0.8*100\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=(inpt-output)*1000\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i2=((w*1000)/math.sqrt(3))/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ironloss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.0371411080502\n",
-        "2321.31925314\n",
-        "ironloss= 1185.98763622 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.7, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=5000.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6.6#kV\n",
-      "v2=33.0#kV\n",
-      "nl=15.0#kW\n",
-      "fl=50.0#kW\n",
-      "drop=0.07\n",
-      "load=3200.0#kw\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i2=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*1000)\n",
-      "impedence_drop=drop*(v2/math.sqrt(3))*1000\n",
-      "z02=impedence_drop/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=fl-nl\n",
-      "r02=cu_loss*1000/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt(z02**2-r02**2)\n",
-      "print \"full-load x02:\",x02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#when load=3200#kW\n",
-      "i2=load/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*0.8)\n",
-      "drop_=drop*1000*(r02*math.cos(phi)+z02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "regn=(drop_*100)/(v2*1000/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "vp=v1+regn/100*v1\n",
-      "print \"Primary voltage=\",vp*1000,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load x02: 15.1695784661\n",
-        "Primary voltage= 6851.39317975 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 95
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.8, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1\n",
-      "x=6\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=4800#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)+z*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2+regn/100*v2\n",
-      "secondary_vp=secondary_v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=secondary_vp/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Transformation Ratio=\",K"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Transformation Ratio= 0.423426587968\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.9, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "scv=400#V\n",
-      "sci=175#A\n",
-      "scw=17#kW\n",
-      "ocv=400#V\n",
-      "oci=150#A\n",
-      "ocw=15#kW\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=sci/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=scv/i1\n",
-      "r01=scw*1000/(3*i1*i1)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "r=i1*r01*100/v1\n",
-      "x=i1*x01*100/v1\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)-x*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "I1=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "total_loss=scw+ocw\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"% resistance=\",r,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% reactance=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"%regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "% resistance= 0.849779616989 %\n",
-        "% reactance= 6.00073499035 %\n",
-        "% efficiency= 98.0392156863 %\n",
-        "%regulation= -2.92061730062 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.10, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "secondary_rating=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "primary_i=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "voltsamps=v1*5/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i2=voltsamps/secondary_rating\n",
-      "output=pf*voltsamps/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Each coil current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Total output=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Each coil current= 125.0 A\n",
-        "Total output= 25.4034118443 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.12, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_per_transformer=load/2*1.15\n",
-      "delta_delta_rating=kVA_per_transformer*3\n",
-      "increase=(delta_delta_rating-load)*100/load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase=\",increase,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase= 72.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 126
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.13, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=20#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#v\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva_load=load/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "percent_rated=kva_load*100/w\n",
-      "kvarating_vv=2*w*0.866\n",
-      "vv_delta=kvarating_vv*100/60\n",
-      "percentage_increase=kva_load/(load/3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load of each transformer=\",kva_load,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer=\",percent_rated,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank\",kvarating_vv,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank\",vv_delta,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)percent increase in load=\",percentage_increase*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load of each transformer= 23.0940107676 kVA\n",
-        "ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer= 115.470053838 %\n",
-        "iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank 34.64 kVA\n",
-        "iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank 57.7333333333 %\n",
-        "v)percent increase in load= 177.646236674 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.14, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(pf*math.sqrt(3)*1000)\n",
-      "ip=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=v1/v\n",
-      "ip=ip*ratio\n",
-      "I=il\n",
-      "Ip=I*ratio\n",
-      "pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"delta-delta:current in the windings=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"v-v:current in the windings=\",Ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Power factor\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "delta-delta:current in the windings= 28.8683602771 A\n",
-        "v-v:current in the windings= 50.0014667312 A\n",
-        "Power factor 0.749956\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.15, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#kW\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "transformer_pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "additional_load=72.5/100*load\n",
-      "total_load=additional_load+load\n",
-      "il=total_load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Il=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"phase current=\",il/math.sqrt(3),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Il= 339.521323075 A\n",
-        "phase current= 196.022727273 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.16, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_each=(load/2)/pf\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p1=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30-phi))\n",
-      "p2=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30+phi))\n",
-      "p=p1+p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA supplied by each transformer=\",kVA_each,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"kW supplied by each transformer=\",p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA supplied by each transformer= 230.946882217 kVA\n",
-        "kW supplied by each transformer= 399.995027715 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 136
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.17, Page Number:1228"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=33.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "ilp=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "ils=ilp/(440/v2)\n",
-      "main_kva=v2*ilp*0.001\n",
-      "teaser_kva=0.866*main_kva\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage rating of each coil=\",vl\n",
-      "print \"current rating of each coil=\",ils\n",
-      "print \"main kVA=\",main_kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"teaser kVA=\",teaser_kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage rating of each coil= 2857.8\n",
-        "current rating of each coil= 43.3012701892\n",
-        "main kVA= 19.0525588833 kVA\n",
-        "teaser kVA= 16.4995159929 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 139
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.18, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "output=150.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=v2/v\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/(2*v2)\n",
-      "i1=i2*ratio\n",
-      "primary_volts=(math.sqrt(3)*v)/2\n",
-      "ratio=v2/primary_volts\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"turns ratio\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 170.454545455 A\n",
-        "turns ratio 0.524863881081\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.19, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "p=400.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2=p*1000/(pf*v)\n",
-      "ip=1.15*K*i2\n",
-      "I2m=K*i2\n",
-      "i2=ip/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#reslult\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 174.77684841 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.20, Page Number:1232"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w1=300#kW\n",
-      "w2=450#kW\n",
-      "v1=100#V\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "v2=3300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2t=(w2*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "I2m=(K*w1*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i2=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 169.804606659 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.21, Page Number:1233"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=80.0#V\n",
-      "v2=11000.0#V\n",
-      "w1=500.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=800.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"unity pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n",
-      "#0.5 pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "print \"0.5 pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "unity pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 52.2727272727 A whereas the other 2 carry 77.281082436 A each\n",
-        "0.5 pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 104.545454545 A whereas the other 2 carry 154.562164872 A each\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 171
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.22, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=50#V\n",
-      "v2=4.6*1000#V\n",
-      "load=350#kW\n",
-      "w=200#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "i2t=w*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=load*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "Ki2m=K*i2m\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(Ki2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in line A=\",i1t\n",
-      "print \"current in line B=\",i1m\n",
-      "print \"current in line C=\",i1m"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in line A= 62.5\n",
-        "current in line B= 100.11107076\n",
-        "current in line C= 100.11107076\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 173
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.23, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=231#V\n",
-      "v2=6600#v\n",
-      "volt_induced=8#v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "hv=v2/volt_induced\n",
-      "vl=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "n_lv1=vl/volt_induced\n",
-      "n_lv2=math.sqrt(3)*n_lv1/2\n",
-      "n=2*n_lv2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"neutral point is located on the\",math.ceil(n),\"th turn from A downwards\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "neutral point is located on the 29.0 th turn from A downwards\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.24, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "area=300.0#cm2\n",
-      "flux=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v/(4.44*f*flux*area*0.0001*0.9)\n",
-      "K=v2/v\n",
-      "n2=n1*K\n",
-      "n_lv=math.sqrt(3)*n2/2\n",
-      "turns=n_lv*2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"NUmber of turns in AN=\",math.floor(turns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " NUmber of turns in AN= 35.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 183
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.25, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "load=30.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "kva=il*vl*(0.001)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",vl,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage= 216.5 V\n",
-        "kVA rating 14.9995599935 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.26, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#vaiable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,5)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load*complex(math.cos(phi),math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "z1=za/zb\n",
-      "z2=zb/za\n",
-      "sa=s/(1+z1)\n",
-      "sb=s/(1+z2)\n",
-      "pfa=cmath.phase(sa)\n",
-      "pfb=cmath.phase(sb)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",abs(sa)\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",abs(sb)\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_a=\",pfa\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_b=\",pfb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 230.042839552\n",
-        "sb= 270.171613479\n",
-        "cos phi_a= 0.611765735265\n",
-        "cos phi_b= 0.670521557981\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.27, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "w1=4000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=5000#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,8)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.6,3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "za_per=(w1/w)*za\n",
-      "zb_per=zb\n",
-      "z=za_per+zb_per\n",
-      "s=complex(w1,w-w2)\n",
-      "sb=s*(za/z)\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (2284.2287695-1821.49046794j)\n",
-        "sb= (1715.7712305-1178.50953206j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 211
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.28, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "w1=1000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(0.001,0.003)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.0028,0.005)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (929.911014012-588.664867724j)\n",
-        "sb= (282.488985988-111.396729565j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.29, Page Number:1238"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "w1=500#kVA\n",
-      "w2=250#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "per_r=za.real*(sa.real)/w1\n",
-      "per_x=(za.imag)*(sa.imag)/w1\n",
-      "total_per=per_r+per_x\n",
-      "vl=v2-(total_per*4)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (399.511103547-348.770523615j)\n",
-        "sb= (130.738896453-181.639636072j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 242
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.30, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=100/5\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=i1*ratio\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 70.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.31, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=2000#A\n",
-      "i2=2500#A\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio1=i1/i\n",
-      "ratio2=i2/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio in first case=\",ratio1\n",
-      "print \"ratio in second case=\",ratio2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio in first case= 400\n",
-        "ratio in second case= 500\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_tGnsZHr.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_tGnsZHr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 447ef8ab..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_tGnsZHr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,388 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6743417a1c79c6197a7cd49755318e10828c09b3cb248c5af8d5364367840700"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 28: Generator Characteristics"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.13, Page Number:984"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "#emf increases by 1 V for every increase of 6 A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=96#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "voltageincrease=i/6\n",
-      "vd=i*ra\n",
-      "voltage_rise=voltageincrease-vd\n",
-      "vconsumer=v+voltage_rise\n",
-      "power_supplied=voltage_rise*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage supplied ot consumer= \",vconsumer,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"power supplied by the booster itself= \",power_supplied/1000,\" kW\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage supplied ot consumer=  234.08  V\n",
-        "power supplied by the booster itself=  1.35168  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.14, Page Number:985"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vd=i*r\n",
-      "voltage_decrease=v-vd\n",
-      "feeder_drop=v*r\n",
-      "booster_voltage=v*v/i1\n",
-      "voltage_net=feeder_drop-booster_voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net decrease in voltage= \",voltage_net,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net decrease in voltage=  2.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.15, Page Number:986"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inl=5.0#A\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "il=6.0#A\n",
-      "i_full=200.0#A(full load)\n",
-      "turns=1600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "shunt_turns1=turns*inl\n",
-      "shunt_turns2=turns*il\n",
-      "increase=shunt_turns2-shunt_turns1\n",
-      "n=increase/i_full#number of series turns required\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of series turns required= \",n,\" tunrs/pole\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of series turns required=  8.0  tunrs/pole\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.16, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#turns/pole\n",
-      "series_winding=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "increase_i=0.2#A\n",
-      "ia=80#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "additional_at=n*increase_i\n",
-      "current_required=additional_at/series_winding\n",
-      "R=(current_required*r)/(ia-current_required)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Divertor resistance= \",R,\" ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Divertor resistance=  0.0833333333333  ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.17, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "divertor=0.14#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#short shunt\n",
-      "vd=i*rse\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "armature_drop=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+vd+armature_drop\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "print vd\n",
-      "E2=v+vd\n",
-      "current_divertor=(ia*divertor)/(divertor+rse)\n",
-      "change=(current_divertor/ia)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)emf induced using short shunt= \",E\n",
-      "print \"b)emf induced using long shunt= \",E2\n",
-      "print \"c)series amp-turns are reduced to \",change,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "16.704\n",
-        "a)emf induced using short shunt=  236.44\n",
-        "b)emf induced using long shunt=  236.704\n",
-        "c)series amp-turns are reduced to  70.0  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.18, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=250*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "i=7#A\n",
-      "inl=12#A\n",
-      "shunt=650#turns/pole\n",
-      "series=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "rse=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i_fulload=p/v\n",
-      "shunt_increase=shunt*(inl-i)\n",
-      "ise=shunt_increase/series\n",
-      "i_d=i_fulload-ise\n",
-      "Rd=(ise*rse)/i_d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load\",Rd,\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load 0.0212751091703 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.19, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "p=60.0*1000#W\n",
-      "n=1600.0#turns/pole\n",
-      "inl=1.25#A\n",
-      "vnl=125#V\n",
-      "il=1.75#A\n",
-      "vl=150.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "extra_excitation=n*(il-inl)\n",
-      "ise=p/vl\n",
-      "series=extra_excitation/ise\n",
-      "ise2=extra_excitation/3\n",
-      "i_d=ise-ise2\n",
-      "rd=(ise2*0.02)/i_d\n",
-      "reg=(vnl-vl)*100/vl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)minimum number of series turns/pole= \",series\n",
-      "print \"ii)divertor resistance= \",rd\n",
-      "print \"iii)voltage regulation= \",reg,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)minimum number of series turns/pole=  2.0\n",
-        "ii)divertor resistance=  0.04\n",
-        "iii)voltage regulation=  -16.6666666667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.20, Page Number:989"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#v\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=160.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#160 A\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "#50 A\n",
-      "vd2=i2*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 160 A=\",vd,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 50 A=\",vd2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage drop at 160 A= 8.0 V\n",
-        "voltage drop at 50 A= 2.5 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_tuNOeJT.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_tuNOeJT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index feb75575..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_tuNOeJT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5447 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:37afbdb95d83a409c42483f9400df0ec405aafcb3f017067345a44342a88aaf2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 32: Transformer"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.1, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "phi=1.2#Wb-m2\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "a=v2/(4.44*f*n2*phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"secondary turns=\",n2\n",
-      "print \"area of core=\",round(a,2),\"m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary turns= 31.25\n",
-        "secondary turns= 375.0\n",
-        "area of core= 0.03 m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.2, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "bm=1.3#Tesla\n",
-      "sf=0.9\n",
-      "per=10#%\n",
-      "a=20*20*sf/10000#m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "n2=v2/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "e_per_turn=v1/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV TURNS=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"LV TURNS=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"EMF per turns=\",round(e_per_turn,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV TURNS= 1059.0\n",
-        "LV TURNS= 53.0\n",
-        "EMF per turns= 10.4 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.3, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=1000.0\n",
-      "a=60.0/10000.0#cm2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "e1=520.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "bm=e1/(4.44*f*n1*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak value of flux density=\",bm,\"WB/m2\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary winding=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak value of flux density= 0.975975975976 WB/m2\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary winding= 1300.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.4, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=50.0\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "e1=v/n1\n",
-      "e2=e1*n2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary and secondary currents=\",i1,\"A\", i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary emf=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWB\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary and secondary currents= 8.33333333333 A 83.3333333333 A\n",
-        "secondary emf= 300.0 V\n",
-        "flux= 27.027027027 mWB\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.5, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "load=300#kVA\n",
-      "phim=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=4.44*f*phim\n",
-      "e2=v2/1.732\n",
-      "t1=v1/e\n",
-      "t2=e2/e\n",
-      "output=load/3\n",
-      "HV=100*1000/v1\n",
-      "LV=100*1000/e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",t1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",t2\n",
-      "print \"emf per turn=\",e2\n",
-      "print \"full load HV=\",HV\n",
-      "print \"full load LV=\",LV"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 990.990990991\n",
-        "LV turns= 28.6082849593\n",
-        "emf per turn= 317.551963048\n",
-        "full load HV= 9\n",
-        "full load LV= 314.909090909\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.6, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=1200.0\n",
-      "a=80.0/10000.0#m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phim=n1/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "bm=phim/a\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak flux-density=\",bm,\"Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak flux-density= 0.563063063063 Wb\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary= 1200.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.7, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varible declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=250.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "v=1500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current an secondary current=\",i1,\"A\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)seconary emf=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)maximum flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current an secondary current= 16.6666666667 A 104.166666667 A\n",
-        "ii)seconary emf= 240.0 V\n",
-        "iii)maximum flux= 27.027027027 mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.8, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "a=20.0*20.0/10000#m2\n",
-      "phim=1.0#Wbm2\n",
-      "v1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2=v2/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "t1=t2*v1/v2\n",
-      "n1=t1/2\n",
-      "n2=t2/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 168.918918919\n",
-        "LV turns= 12.3873873874\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.9, Page Number:1126"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "p=400.0#W\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "i0=0.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=p/v1\n",
-      "imu=(i1**2-il**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw=i0*pf\n",
-      "imu2=(i0**2-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"magnetising currents=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iron loss current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"magnetising components of no load primary current=\",imu2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"working components of no-load primary current=\",iw,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "magnetising currents= 0.571788552492 A\n",
-        "iron loss current= 0.181818181818 A\n",
-        "magnetising components of no load primary current= 0.476969600708 A\n",
-        "working components of no-load primary current= 0.15 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.10, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "l=150.0#cm\n",
-      "airgap=0.1#mm\n",
-      "e1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "d=7.8#grma/cm3\n",
-      "loss=2.0#watt/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=e1/(4.44*f*n1*phim)\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "v2=k*e1\n",
-      "iron=l*5\n",
-      "air=phim*airgap/(1000*4*3.14*10**(-7))\n",
-      "bmax=iron+air\n",
-      "imu=bmax/(n1*2**0.5)\n",
-      "volume=l*a\n",
-      "im=volume*d*10\n",
-      "total_i=im*2\n",
-      "iw=total_i/(e1)\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=iw/i0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross sectional area=\",a*10000,\"cm2\"\n",
-      "print \"b)no load secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"c)no load current=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross sectional area= 225.225225225 cm2\n",
-        "b)no load secondary voltage= 240.0 V\n",
-        "c)no load current= 1.19577611723 A\n",
-        "d)power factor= 0.145353269536\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.11, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1000\n",
-      "n2=200\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=280#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i2_=i2/5\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(phi1))\n",
-      "i1=i*complex(pf,-sinphi)+i2_*complex(pf2,-sinphi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",abs(i1),\"/_\",math.degrees(phi1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 64.4918252531 /_ 36.8698976458 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.12, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=440.0#v\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "i0=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=120.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "angle=phi2-phi0\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+(2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle)))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the primary=\",i1,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the primary= 33.9022604184 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.13, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=800.0\n",
-      "n2=200.0\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i1=25.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.707\n",
-      "i2=80.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i0pf2=i1*pf2-i2_*pf\n",
-      "i0sinphi=i1*pf2-i2_*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "phi0=math.atan(i0sinphi/i0pf2)\n",
-      "i0=i0sinphi/math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load current=\",i0,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load current= 5.91703050525 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.14, Page Number:1131"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i0=complex(2,-9.8)\n",
-      "i2_=complex(42.5,-26.35)\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(i1.real/57.333)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= (44.5-36.15j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 39.0890154959 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.15, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable decaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=120.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.22#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.034#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1*k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"high voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"low voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "high voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 13.7 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 5.02 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 14.5907642021 ohm\n",
-        "low voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 0.03425 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.01255 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0364769105051 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.16, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=4400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.009#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.2#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)resistance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)reactance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)impedence=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"v)copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance=\n",
-        "primary= 7.05 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.017625 ohm\n",
-        "reactance=\n",
-        "primary= 11.2 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.028 ohm\n",
-        "impedence=\n",
-        "primary= 13.2341414531 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.0330853536327 ohm\n",
-        "copper loss= 910.382231405 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.17, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "z2=v/(i2)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z2_=z2/k**2\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)load impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"b)impedence referred to high tension side=\",z2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)the value of current referred to the high tension side=\",i2_,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)load impedence= 1.152 ohm\n",
-        "b)impedence referred to high tension side= 115.2 ohm\n",
-        "c)the value of current referred to the high tension side= 20.8333333333 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 70
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.18, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=317.0#V\n",
-      "load2=0.62#kW\n",
-      "lvload=0.48#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r1=load2*1000/i**2\n",
-      "r2=lvload*1000/i2**2\n",
-      "r2_=r2*k**2\n",
-      "x01=4*v1/(i1*100)\n",
-      "x2_=x01*r2_/(r1+r2_)\n",
-      "x1=x01-x2_\n",
-      "x2=x2_*10/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)r1=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2_=\",r2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x1=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2_=\",x2_,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)r1= 7.502 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.004823472 ohm\n",
-        "r2_= 5.808 ohm\n",
-        "ii)reactance= 48.4 ohm\n",
-        "x1= 27.28 ohm\n",
-        "x2= 0.175398981818 ohm\n",
-        "x2_= 21.12 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 76
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.19, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "k=19.5\n",
-      "r1=25.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=1.25#A\n",
-      "angle=30#degrees\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=50#V\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v2=complex(500,0)\n",
-      "i2=i2*complex(0.8,-0.6)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "e2=v2+i2*z2\n",
-      "beta=math.atan(e2.imag/e2.real)\n",
-      "e1=e2*k\n",
-      "i2_=i2/k\n",
-      "angle=beta+math.radians(90)+math.radians(angle)\n",
-      "i0=i*complex(math.cos(angle),math.sin(angle))\n",
-      "i1=-i2_+i0\n",
-      "v2=-e1+i1*complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real)-math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "power=abs(v2)*i*math.cos(math.radians(60))\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i2)**2*r02\n",
-      "output=500*abs(i2)*pf2\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+power\n",
-      "inpt=output+loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary applied voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"primary pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary applied voltage= (-11464.2126901-1349.15424294j) V\n",
-        "primary pf= 0.698572087114\n",
-        "efficiency= 86.7261056254 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 94
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.20, Page Number:1138"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=1100#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "zh=complex(0.1,0.4)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.006,0.015)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "#HV \n",
-      "r1=zh.real+zl.real*k**2\n",
-      "x1=zh.imag+zl.imag*k**2\n",
-      "z1=(r1**2+x1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#LV\n",
-      "r2=r1/k**2\n",
-      "x2=x1/k**2\n",
-      "z2=z1/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"LV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.25 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.775 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.814324873745 ohm\n",
-        "LV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.01 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.031 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0325729949498 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.21, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230#V\n",
-      "v2=460#V\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.75#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.8#ohm\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x02=x2+k**2*x1\n",
-      "vd=i*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "vt2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",vt2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 424.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.22, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.0#%\n",
-      "x=5.0#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "mu=r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "mu2=r**2+x*0\n",
-      "mu3=r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lag:\",mu,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1:\",mu2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lead:\",mu3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lag: 3.8 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=1: 1.0 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lead: -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 98
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.23, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "regn=r*cosphi+x*sinphi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.59016994375 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4472135955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.24, Page Number:1142"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "load1=500#KVA\n",
-      "load2=400#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kw=load2*pf\n",
-      "kvar=load2*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "drop=(r*kw/load1)+(x*kvar/load1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage voltage drop=\",drop,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage voltage drop= 4.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.25, Page Number:1144"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.286#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.319#ohm\n",
-      "ro=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "xo=1250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2_=complex(r2_,x2_)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.387,0.29)\n",
-      "ym=complex(0.004,-0.0008)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "zl_=zl/(k**2)\n",
-      "zm=1/ym\n",
-      "x=zm+zl_+z2_\n",
-      "i1=v1/(z1+(zm*(z2_+zl_))/(zm+z2_+zl_))\n",
-      "i2_=i1*zm/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "io=i1*(z2_+zl_)/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "pf=i1.real/abs(i1)\n",
-      "pi=v1*abs(i1)*pf/1000\n",
-      "po=abs(i2_)**2*zl_.real/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i1)**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_loss2=abs(i2_)**2*r2_\n",
-      "core_loss=io.real**2*240\n",
-      "e=po*100/pi\n",
-      "v2_=i2_*zl_\n",
-      "reg=(v1-v2_.real)*100/v2_.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power input=\",round(pi.real,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output=\",round(po,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Primary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Secondary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss2),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e.real,2),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",round(reg.real),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power input= 104.6 kW\n",
-        "Power output= 82.5 kW\n",
-        "Primary Cu loss= 854.0 W\n",
-        "Secondary Cu loss= 680.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 78.91 %\n",
-        "Regulation= 3.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.26, Page Number:1145"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=600#V\n",
-      "v2=1080#V\n",
-      "v=720#V\n",
-      "load=8#W\n",
-      "load2=10#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ir2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "il2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ir2_=ir2*v2/v1\n",
-      "il2_=il2*v/v1\n",
-      "ir2=math.sqrt(ir2_**2+il2_**2)\n",
-      "s=complex(load,load2)\n",
-      "s=abs(s)\n",
-      "pf=load/s\n",
-      "i=s*load2*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 21.3437474581 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.624695047554\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "i=0.5#A\n",
-      "p=30#W\n",
-      "r=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=v/v1\n",
-      "pf=p/(i*v)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sqrt(1-pf**2)\n",
-      "ip=i*sinphi\n",
-      "iw=i*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*r\n",
-      "iron_loss=p-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)turns ratio=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"ii)magnetising component of no-load current=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)working component of no-load current=\",iw,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)the iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)turns ratio= 2\n",
-        "ii)magnetising component of no-load current= 0.481045692921 A\n",
-        "iii)working component of no-load current= 0.136363636364 A\n",
-        "iv)the iron loss= 29.85 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 104
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=2000.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.2#A\n",
-      "po=90.0#W\n",
-      "vs=50.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=5.0#A\n",
-      "ps=110.0#W\n",
-      "p=3.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r0=v**2/po\n",
-      "ia0=v/r0\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(io**2-ia0**2)\n",
-      "xm=v/ip\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ps/25\n",
-      "x=math.sqrt(z**2-r**2)\n",
-      "r1=r*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "x1=x*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "i_lv1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i_lv=(p*1000/pf)/v\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "reg=i_lv*(r1*pf+x1*sinphi)/v\n",
-      "vt=v2-reg*1000/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"LV crrent at rated load=\",i_lv1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf\",i_lv,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"output secondary voltage=\",vt,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "LV crrent at rated load= 25.0 A\n",
-        "LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf 18.75 A\n",
-        "output secondary voltage= 999.832975251 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 3.34049498886 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.29, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "loss1=52.0#W\n",
-      "f1=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss2=90.0#W\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(loss1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(loss2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 45.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 25.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.30, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "m=10#kg\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f1=25.0\n",
-      "f2=40.0\n",
-      "f3=50.0\n",
-      "f4=60.0\n",
-      "f5=80.0\n",
-      "l1=18.5/f1\n",
-      "l2=36.0/f2\n",
-      "l3=50.0/f3\n",
-      "l4=66.0/f4\n",
-      "l5=104.0/f5\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([l1/f1-(A+f1*B),l2/f2-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "eddy_loss_per_kg=ans[B]*f**2/m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz=\",eddy_loss_per_kg,\"W\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "F=[f1,f2,f3,f4,f5]\n",
-      "L=[l1,l2,l3,l4,l5]\n",
-      "plt.plot(F,L)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"f -->\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Wi/f\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,100))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0.74,2))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz= -0.118333333333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      },
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458da10>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.31, Page Number:1148"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "v1=440#V\n",
-      "f1=50#Hz\n",
-      "p1=2500#W\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f2=25#Hz\n",
-      "p2=850#z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(p1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(p2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 900.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 1600.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.32, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f1=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "core=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=650.0#W\n",
-      "we=350.0#W\n",
-      "v2=2000.0#V\n",
-      "f2=100.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=wh/f1\n",
-      "b=we/f1**2\n",
-      "wh=a*f2\n",
-      "we=b*f2**2\n",
-      "new_core=wh+we\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new core loss=\",new_core,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " new core loss= 2700.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.33, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=1.4#Wb/m2\n",
-      "we=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=3000.0#W\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wh1=wh*1.1**1.6\n",
-      "we1=we*1.1**2\n",
-      "wh2=wh*0.9**(-0.6)\n",
-      "wh3=wh*1.1**1.6*1.1**(-0.6)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%=\",wh1,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%=\",wh2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%=\",wh3,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%= 3494.21441464 W and 1210.0 W\n",
-        "b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%= 3195.77171838 W\n",
-        "c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%= 3300.0 W and 1210.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 119
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.34, Page Number:1150"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "wh=600.0#W\n",
-      "we=loss-wh\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "a=wh/f\n",
-      "b=we/f**2\n",
-      "core_loss=a*f2+b*f2**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core loss at 60 Hz=\",core_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core loss at 60 Hz= 1350.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.35, Page Number:1151"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KvA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x01=34.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary voltage=\",vsc,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary voltage= 199.519931911 V\n",
-        "pf= 0.523468222173\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.36, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.7#A\n",
-      "po=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#v\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ps=85.0#W\n",
-      "load=5.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cosphi0=po/(vo*io)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi0))\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=io*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "r02=ps/i_s**2\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load/pf\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/v2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "print z02\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "1.5\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 377.788243349 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.37, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "k=1.0/6\n",
-      "r1=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "vsc=330.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=vsc/z01\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "cosphisc=i1**2*r01/(vsc*i1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in low voltage winding=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(cosphisc,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in low voltage winding= 200.396236149 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.38, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "r0=1500.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=750.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(iw**2+imu**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pi=v1*iw\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "power=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"reading of instruments=\",vsc,\"V,\",i1,\"A,\",power,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "reading of instruments= 46.8187996429 V, 20.0 A, 880.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 140
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.39, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per1=98.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "per2=98.8#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculaions\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output*100/per2\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "inpt_half=(load/2)*pf*100/per1\n",
-      "loss2=inpt_half-400\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss,(x/4)+y-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "kva=load*(ans[y]/ans[x])*0.5\n",
-      "output=kva*1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]\n",
-      "total_loss=2*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load copper loss= 4.07324441521606 kW\n",
-        "maximum efficiency= 0.968720013059872 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.40, Page Number:1154"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#v\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x01=0.37#ohm\n",
-      "r0=600.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=300.0#ohm\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tantheta=iw/imu\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(tantheta)\n",
-      "theta0=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "angle=theta0-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle))**0.5\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=x01*k**2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current= 20.6693546639 A\n",
-        "ii)secondary terminal voltage= 386.32 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 149
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.43, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=80.0\n",
-      "r1=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=1.1#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=complex(r01,x01)\n",
-      "z02=k**2*z01\n",
-      "v2=k*v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(z02.real*pf-z02.imag*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=vd*100/v2\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent impedence= (0.022+0.079j) ohm\n",
-        "ii)voltage regulation= -1.53925619835 %\n",
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 446.772727273 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.44, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=450.0#V\n",
-      "vb=120.0#V\n",
-      "v1=120.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=80.0#W\n",
-      "v2=9.65#V\n",
-      "i2=22.2#A\n",
-      "w2=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=vb/va\n",
-      "i0=i1*k\n",
-      "cosphi0=w1/(va*i0)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(cosphi0)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "iw=i0*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=i0*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=va/iw\n",
-      "x0=va/imu\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=vb/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "iron_loss=w1\n",
-      "cu_loss=(0.5**2)*w2\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf/2\n",
-      "efficiency2=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent circuit constants=\"\n",
-      "print \"z01=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r01=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8=\",efficiency*100,\"%\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent circuit constants=\n",
-        "z01= 0.434684684685 ohm\n",
-        "x01= 0.360090249002 ohm\n",
-        "r01= 0.243486729973 ohm\n",
-        "ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8= 97.5609756098 % 2.02885695496 %\n",
-        "iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8= 97.3236009732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.45, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=2200.0#V\n",
-      "vb=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=220.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=148.0#W\n",
-      "v2=86.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.5#A\n",
-      "w2=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(pf,1),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 2.94177963326 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 172
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.46, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "v=60.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "w=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v_=400.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v/i\n",
-      "r01=w/i**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage applied to hv side=\",v1+vd,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage applied to hv side= 2065.90767043 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 182
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.47, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=12.0#A\n",
-      "ws=100.0#W\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.0#A\n",
-      "wo=80.0#W\n",
-      "i2=10#A\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "pg=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cosphi0=wo/(vo*io)\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=(1-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "r02=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x02/k**2\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=wo\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=i2*v2*pf/(i2*v2*pf+total_loss)\n",
-      "v1_=((vo*pf+x01)**2+(vo*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"applied voltage=\",v1_,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "applied voltage= 251.442641983 V\n",
-        "efficiency= 96.3984469139 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.48, Page Number:1160"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=3.0#kVA\n",
-      "vo=230.0#V\n",
-      "io=2.0#A\n",
-      "wo=100.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=13.0#A\n",
-      "ws=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ws\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ws/(vs**2)\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.90121149256 %\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 194
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.49, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94\n",
-      "per=0.90\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=per*load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "core_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "pc=core_loss/per**2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=pc\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.5728354534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 196
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.50, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.96#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.0396#ohm\n",
-      "x1=15.8#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.158#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "r=r2+r1*(v2/v1)**2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "v1_=v2+i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(r/x)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)HV side voltage necessary=\",v1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)pf=\",round(pf,2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)HV side voltage necessary= 2409.9826087 V\n",
-        "b)pf= 0.97\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 199
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.51, Page Number:1162"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#v\n",
-      "r1=3.4#ohm\n",
-      "x1=7.2#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.028#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.060#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r=r1*(v2/v1)**2+r2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "ad=i*r*pf\n",
-      "dc=i*x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "oc=v2+ad+dc\n",
-      "bd=i*r*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "b_f=x*pf\n",
-      "cf=b_f-bd\n",
-      "v1_=(oc**2+cf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage on hv side=\",v1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage on hv side= 2229.28500444 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.52, Page Number:1163"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.7#A\n",
-      "w1=65.0#W\n",
-      "v=15.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "w2=75.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.80\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "ih=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2\n",
-      "constant_loss=w1\n",
-      "z=v/i2\n",
-      "r=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=load*100000/(load*1000+cu_loss+constant_loss)\n",
-      "regn=i2*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load regulation=\",regn,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.6183574879 %\n",
-        "full load regulation= 13.7942286341 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 209
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.53, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x=(z**2-cu_loss**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r01=cu_loss*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x01=x*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "z01=z*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "isc=i1*100/z\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"%x=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"primary sc current=\",isc,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "%x= 3.5721142199 %\n",
-        "resistance= 3.9204 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 7.78006477094 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 8.712 ohm\n",
-        "primary sc current= 378.787878788 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.54, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=220.0#V\n",
-      "i_o=4.2#A\n",
-      "wo=148.0#W\n",
-      "vs=86.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.5#A\n",
-      "ws=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "z10=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x01=(z10**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "v1_=((v1*pf+i1*r01)**2+(v1*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn1=(v1_-v1)/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "cu_loss_half=(i1/2)**2*r01\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000*pf*100/(load*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "efficiency_half=(load/2)*1000*pf*100/((load/2)*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "print v1_                                  \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)core loss=\",wo,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)equivalent resistance primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)equivalent resistance secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"d)equivalent reactance primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"e)equivalent reactance secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"f)regulation=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"g)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"h)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency_half,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "2265.01840886\n",
-        "a)core loss= 148.0 W\n",
-        "b)equivalent resistance primary= 3.26530612245 ohm\n",
-        "c)equivalent resistance secondary= 0.0326530612245 ohm\n",
-        "d)equivalent reactance primary= 7.51143635755 ohm\n",
-        "e)equivalent reactance secondary= 0.0751143635755 ohm\n",
-        "f)regulation= 2.95538222101 %\n",
-        "g)efficiency at full load= 97.4548448466 %\n",
-        "h)efficiency at half load= 95.0360304208 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 222
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.55, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=1.0/100\n",
-      "ex=5.0/100\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn2=er*1\n",
-      "regn3=er*pf-ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation with pf=1=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag= 3.8 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation with pf=1= 1.0 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead= -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.56, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per=0.97\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "zper=0.10\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*1\n",
-      "x=0.75\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(output*(1/per-1))\n",
-      "pc=pi/x**2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r=pc*1000/i1**2\n",
-      "er=i1*r/v1\n",
-      "ez=zper\n",
-      "ex=(ez**2-er**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 7.52529846012 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.57, Page Number:1166"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5#%\n",
-      "xdrop=3.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pur=cu_loss/100\n",
-      "pux=xdrop/100\n",
-      "regn2=pur*pf+pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn1=pur*1\n",
-      "regn3=pur*pf-pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation at unity pf=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation at 0.8 lag=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation at 0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation at unity pf= 1.5 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation at 0.8 lag= 3.3 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation at 0.8 lead= -0.9 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.58, Page Number:1168"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#KVA\n",
-      "w1=5.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=7.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "loss=total_loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*w2/2\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+2.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.0186963113 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.59, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "w1=350.0#W\n",
-      "w2=400.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+w1\n",
-      "efficiency2=(load*1000/2)/((load*1000/2)+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency at full load= 97.0873786408 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 232
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.60, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=efficiency**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of P1 and P2=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of P1 and P2= 0.5625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.61, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load1=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=1.4#kW\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.6#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "load=load1*(cu_loss/loss)**0.5\n",
-      "total_loss=loss*2\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=cu_loss*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=total_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output2=(load/2)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency2=output2/(output2+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load for max efficiency=\",load1,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"max efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load for max efficiency= 150.0 kVA\n",
-        "max efficiency= 98.283858876 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 95.2481856352 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 237
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.62, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=40#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=112#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "def e(k):\n",
-      "    e=k*pf*1000*100/(k*pf*1000+(cu_loss*(k/5)**2+40))\n",
-      "    return(e)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "e1=e(1.25)\n",
-      "e2=e(2.5)\n",
-      "e3=e(3.75)\n",
-      "e4=e(5.0)\n",
-      "e5=e(6.25)\n",
-      "e6=e(7.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=[1.25,2.5,3.75,5.0,6.25,7.5]\n",
-      "E=[e1,e2,e3,e4,e5,e6]\n",
-      "plt.plot(K,E)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"load,kVA\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Efficiency\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,8))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((92,98))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458d610>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.63, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "x=loss*1000/(1+9.0/16)\n",
-      "y=(9.0/16)*x\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*(1.0/2)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+y\n",
-      "output=load*pf*0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at hald load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at hald load= 97.9216626699 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.64, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*pf*1000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary resistance= 0.02 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 97.7284199899 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.65, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x01=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i2=1000*load*ratio/v2\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output*1000+total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/(inpt)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 2.4 w\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.8660287081 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.66, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=324.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=4*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*pf/(load*pf+cu_loss/1000+loss/1000)\n",
-      "per=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)percent of full-load=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency= 95.6708921311 %\n",
-        "ii)percent of full-load= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.67, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.8#A\n",
-      "wo=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ws=60.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "loss=ws+wo\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss/1000)\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r02=ws/i2**2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "load=load*(wo/ws)**0.5\n",
-      "load=load*1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"load at unity pf=\",load,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.0960960961 %\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 383.752729583 V\n",
-        "current= 20.0 A\n",
-        "load at unity pf= 4.32049379894 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.68, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "Wi=Symbol('Wi')\n",
-      "Wcu=Symbol('Wcu')\n",
-      "P=600.0#kVA\n",
-      "e=0.92#efficiency\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "x=0.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([(e*(1*P*1+Wi+1**2*Wcu))-(1*P*1),(e*(0.5*P*1+Wi+0.5*0.5*Wcu))-(0.5*P*1)],[Wi,Wcu])\n",
-      "e2=(x*P*pf*100)/((x*P*pf)+ans[Wi]+(x**2*ans[Wcu]))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 90.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.69, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=600.0#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "per=0.60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss1=inpt-load\n",
-      "inpt2=load/(2*efficiency)\n",
-      "loss2=inpt2-load/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss1,x+y/4-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]*0.36\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+ans[x]\n",
-      "output=load*per\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "389.913043478261\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.3282783229260 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.70, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "e1=0.98\n",
-      "e2=0.80\n",
-      "pf=8\n",
-      "z=0.05\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf1*e2\n",
-      "inpt=output/e1\n",
-      "loss=-output+inpt\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss_full=cu_loss/pf1**2\n",
-      "r=round(cu_loss_full*100/load)\n",
-      "sin=math.sin(math.acos(pf1))\n",
-      "regn=(r*pf1+5*sin)+(1.0/200)*(5*pf1-r*sin)**2\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 3.8578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.71, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=5000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=25.0#Hz\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5\n",
-      "we=0.5\n",
-      "wh=0.6\n",
-      "v2=10000.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss1=cu_loss*load/100\n",
-      "we1=we*load/100\n",
-      "wh1=wh*load/100\n",
-      "cu_loss2=cu_loss1\n",
-      "we2=(we1*(50.0/25.0)**2)\n",
-      "wh2=(wh1*(50.0/25))\n",
-      "e1=load*100/(load+cu_loss1+we1+wh1)\n",
-      "e2=load*2*100/(load*2+cu_loss2+we2+wh2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in first case=\",e1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in second case=\",e2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "20.47 0.06 0.05\n",
-        "full load efficiency in first case= 97.4658869396 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency in second case= 97.7039570103 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.72, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=300#KVA\n",
-      "r=1.5#%\n",
-      "load1=173.2#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*load*1000/100\n",
-      "iron_loss=(load1/load)**2*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(load*pf)*100/((load*pf)+(total_loss/1000))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.5610105096 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.73, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "a=0.04#m2\n",
-      "l=2.5#m\n",
-      "bm=1200\n",
-      "inpt=1200#W\n",
-      "pi=400#W\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "f2=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "n2=k*n1\n",
-      "i=1989/n1\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*inpt\n",
-      "total_loss=pi+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)n1=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"  n2=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"b)magnetising current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.00643416423287\n",
-        "a)n1= 216.0\n",
-        "  n2= 22.0\n",
-        "b)magnetising current= 9.21512347826 A\n",
-        "c)efficiency= 98.2398690135 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.74, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.8\n",
-      "x=5.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pf=r/x\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(pf)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "regn=r*math.cos(phi2)+x*math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "efficiency=100/(100+r*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)phi=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"b)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)phi= 18.4349488229 degrees\n",
-        "  ii)regulation= 5.6920997883 %\n",
-        "b)efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.75, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=3.0#A\n",
-      "wo=200.0#W\n",
-      "vsc=15.0#V\n",
-      "isc=30.0#A\n",
-      "wsc=300.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=(i/isc)**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wo)\n",
-      "z=vsc/isc\n",
-      "r=wsc/isc**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(i/v2)*(r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*v2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n",
-        "regulation= 1.72239475667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.76, Page Number:1177"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=400.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "x=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load*x*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+load*2/100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.2493723732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.77, Page Number:1178"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "v2=250#V\n",
-      "vsc=60#V\n",
-      "isc=20#A\n",
-      "wsc=150#W\n",
-      "per=1.2\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=per**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=per*load*1.0\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss*2/1000)\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "e2=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wsc)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n",
-        "full-load efficiency= 95.6251494143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.78, Page Number:1181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "cu_loss=4.5#kW\n",
-      "iron_loss=3.5#kW\n",
-      "t1=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "load1_=400.0#kW\n",
-      "load2_=300.0#kW\n",
-      "load3_=100.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.75\n",
-      "pf3=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load1=load1_/pf1\n",
-      "load2=load2_/pf2\n",
-      "load3=load3_/pf3\n",
-      "wc1=cu_loss\n",
-      "wc2=cu_loss*(load2/load1)**2\n",
-      "wc3=cu_loss*(load3/load1)**2\n",
-      "twc=(t1*wc1)+(t2*wc2)+(t3*wc3)+(t4*0)\n",
-      "iron_loss=24*iron_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=twc+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(t1*load1_)+(t2*load2_)+(t3*load3_)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 86
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.79, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=3.0#kW\n",
-      "tf=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*24/2\n",
-      "wcf=loss*tf/2\n",
-      "wch=loss/8\n",
-      "wch=wch*4\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+wch+wcf\n",
-      "output=load*tf+load*th/2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.2509225092 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.80, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "tf=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t10=14.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#1st transformer\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "tloss=inpt-load\n",
-      "y=tloss/2\n",
-      "x=y\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*tf+th*(x/2**2)+t10*(x/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=tf*load+th*load/2+t10*10\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "#2nd transformer\n",
-      "y=tloss/(1+1.0/4)\n",
-      "x=(tloss-y)\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "wc=tf*y+th*(y/2**2)+t10*(y/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+wc\n",
-      "e2=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency of forst transformer=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency ofsecond transformer=\",e2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.408163265306 1.63265306122\n",
-        "efficiency of forst transformer= 96.5245532574 %\n",
-        "efficiency ofsecond transformer= 97.7876610788 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.81, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "nl=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "ql=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "hl=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "fl=2.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-load\n",
-      "wc_fl=loss/2\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "wc_fl_4=(1.0/4)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=(1.0/2)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_ql=ql*wc_fl_4\n",
-      "wc_hl=hl*wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=fl*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc=wc_ql+wc_hl+wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wh=wc\n",
-      "loss=wh+24*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "half_output=(output/2)\n",
-      "q_load=(load/4)\n",
-      "output=ql*q_load+hl*half_output+fl*output\n",
-      "e=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 89.5592740985 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.82, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "load=15#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "pf1=0.5\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "k1=2#kW\n",
-      "k2=12#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "wc=loss/2\n",
-      "wi=loss/2\n",
-      "w1=k1/pf1\n",
-      "w2=k2/pf2\n",
-      "wc1=wc*(4/load)\n",
-      "wc2=wc\n",
-      "wc12=t1*wc1\n",
-      "wc6=t2*wc2\n",
-      "wc=(wc12+wc6)\n",
-      "wi=24*wi\n",
-      "output=(k1*t1)+(t2*k2)\n",
-      "inpt=output+wc+wi\n",
-      "e=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.918367346939 3.67346938776\n",
-        "efficiency= 95.4351795496 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.83, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "l1_=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "t=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "loss=1.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "l1=l1_/2\n",
-      "l2=l1_\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "loss=loss*2\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "wc1=t*(1.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc2=8*(2.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc=wc1+wc2\n",
-      "wi=24*1\n",
-      "loss=wc+wi\n",
-      "output=3*(l1*1)+8*(l2*1)\n",
-      "e2=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ordinary efficiency=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"all day efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ordinary efficiency= 98.6842105263 %\n",
-        "all day efficiency= 97.1480513578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.84, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94#%\n",
-      "nl=10\n",
-      "hl=5.0\n",
-      "ql=6.0\n",
-      "fl=3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(load*1000)*(1-efficiency)/efficiency\n",
-      "wch=(0.5)**2*pi\n",
-      "eh=wch*hl/1000\n",
-      "wcq=(0.25)**2*pi\n",
-      "eq=ql*wcq/1000\n",
-      "e3=pi*3/1000\n",
-      "e2=pi*24/1000\n",
-      "e=25*hl+12.5*ql+50*fl\n",
-      "efficiency=e/(e+e2+eh+eq+e3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.4557217274 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.85, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=8.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "k1=3.0#kW\n",
-      "k2=8.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.6\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x1=k1/(pf1*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=load/(1*load)\n",
-      "pc1=(0.5)**2*0.1\n",
-      "pc2=pc3=0.10\n",
-      "o1=k1*t1\n",
-      "o2=k2*t2\n",
-      "o3=k2*load\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "wc1=pc1*t1\n",
-      "wc2=pc2*t2\n",
-      "wc3=pc3*t3\n",
-      "cu_loss=wc1+wc2+wc3\n",
-      "loss=400.0*24/10000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficency= 98.27465179 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.86, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=.98\n",
-      "load=15.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0\n",
-      "t2=6.0\n",
-      "t3=6.0\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "k1=2.0\n",
-      "k2=12.0\n",
-      "k3=18.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "x1=k1/(0.5*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=k3/(pf3*load)\n",
-      "wc1=0.131\n",
-      "wc2=0.918\n",
-      "wc3=1.632\n",
-      "o1=t1*k1\n",
-      "o2=t2*k2\n",
-      "o3=t3*k3\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "loss=wc1+wc2+wc3+0.153*24\n",
-      "efficiency=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.9798386522 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.87, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=115.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "power=load*(1-k)\n",
-      "power2=k*load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)power transferred inductively=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"b)power transferred conductively=\",power2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)power transferred inductively= 1.5 kW\n",
-        "b)power transferred conductively= 1.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 145
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.88, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i1=k*i\n",
-      "saving=k*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"economy of cu=\",saving"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "economy of cu= 80.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 147
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.89, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=6600.0#V\n",
-      "v2=5000.0#V\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "phim1=1.3#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phim=e/(4.44*f)\n",
-      "area=phim/phim1\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core area=\",area*10000,\"m2\"\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the hv side=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the lv side=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core area= 277.2002772 m2\n",
-        "number of turns on the hv side= 825.0\n",
-        "number of turns on the lv side= 625.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.90, Page Number:1189"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2640*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i1_-i2\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 219.12 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 1095.6 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 91.3 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.91, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2160*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i2-i1_\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 179.28 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 896.4 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 74.7 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 160
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.92, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "iron_loss=50.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=load*1000/efficiency-load*1000-iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000/(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)\n",
-      "i2=(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"current drawn on hv side=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.9760216579 %\n",
-        "current drawn on hv side= 23.1967703349 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.93, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500#V\n",
-      "v2=2300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva=(v1+v2)*50*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage output=\",v1+v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating of auto transformer=\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage output= 13800 V\n",
-        "kVA rating of auto transformer= 690.0 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.94, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=2300.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#KVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*100/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*100/v2\n",
-      "kva1=(v1+v2)*i1/(100)\n",
-      "kva2=(v1+v2)*i2/(100)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage ratios=\",(v1+v2)/v1,\"or\",(v1+v2)/v2\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in first case=\",kva1\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in second case=\",kva2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage ratios= 1.2 or 6.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in first case= 120.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in second case= 600.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 167
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.95, Page Number:1192"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#v\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "output=2640*i2\n",
-      "i=i2*2640/v1\n",
-      "k=2640/v1\n",
-      "poweri=v1*i1*0.001\n",
-      "power=output/1000-poweri\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rating of the auto-transformer=\",output/1000,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"inductively transferred powers=\",poweri,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"conductively transferred powers=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rating of the auto-transformer= 550.0 kVA\n",
-        "inductively transferred powers= 50.0 kW\n",
-        "conductively transferred powers= 500.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 169
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.96, Page Number:1196"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "za=complex(0.5,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.,10)\n",
-      "load=100#KW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa)*math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb)*math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "96.082805253\n",
-        "SA= 74.5937961595 kW\n",
-        "SB= 25.4062038405 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.97, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r1=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "zb=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.degrees((-1)*math.acos(pf))*math.degrees(math.atan((za/zb).imag/(za/zb).real)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load of B=\",abs(za/zb)\n",
-      "print \"pf of B=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load of B= 1.21872643265\n",
-        "pf of B= 0.613584256393\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.98, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.2,4.8)\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(-pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 224.451917244 -39.3923099293\n",
-        "SB= 275.942423833 -34.8183886694\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 205
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.99, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "r1=0.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "r2=0.75\n",
-      "x2=4.0\n",
-      "load1=180.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=load1/pf\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "s1=s*z2/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "s2=s*z1/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "kw1=abs(s1)*math.cos(math.atan(s1.imag/s1.real))\n",
-      "kw2=abs(s2)*math.cos(math.atan(s2.imag/s2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW1=\",kw1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"kW2=\",kw2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "(1.25+12j)\n",
-        "kW1= 58.119626171 kW\n",
-        "kW2= 121.880373829 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.100, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(0.85,-0.527)\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA for A=\",abs(sa),math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA for B=\",abs(sb),math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA for A= 130.53263665 0.819364787986 lag\n",
-        "kVA for B= 105.238776124 0.884143252833 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.101, Page Number:1198"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "load=125.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(0.9,10)\n",
-      "zb=(100/50)*complex(1.0,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 63.0780848499 -39.929442891 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 62.1031510961 -33.7622749748 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 218
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.102, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "load2=250#kVA\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zb=(500/load2)*zb\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 471.125736359 -40.3232138964 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 281.165527855 -31.0771011508 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 219
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.103, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=1000#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.5,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=i*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ratio=zb/za\n",
-      "ib=i/(1+ratio)\n",
-      "ia=i-ib\n",
-      "ratio=ia.real/ib.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",ia\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",ib\n",
-      "print \"ratio of output=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= (504.451038576-341.246290801j)\n",
-        "IB= (295.548961424-258.753709199j)\n",
-        "ratio of output= 1.70682730924\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 220
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.104, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1.0,5.0)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.0,2.0)\n",
-      "load1=300.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(100.0/250)*zb\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "zab=za*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "drop=zab.real*240/100+zab.imag*180/100\n",
-      "v2=v2-v2*drop/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 55.8895719399 -64.6284382469 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 251.890896741 -30.9383707209 degrees\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 486.177874187 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.105, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n11=5000.0\n",
-      "n12=440.0\n",
-      "load1=200#kVA\n",
-      "n21=5000.0\n",
-      "n22=480.0\n",
-      "load2=350#kVA\n",
-      "x=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=load1*1000/n12\n",
-      "i2=load2*1000/n22\n",
-      "x1=x*n12/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x2=x*n22/(100*i2)\n",
-      "ic=(n22-n12)/0.057\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load circulation current=\",ic/i1,\"times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load circulation current= 1.54385964912 times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.106, Page Number:1203"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "ea=6600#V\n",
-      "eb=6400#V\n",
-      "za=complex(0.3,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.2,1)\n",
-      "zl=complex(8.0,6.0)\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",abs(ia),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",abs(ib),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 195.492387533 A\n",
-        "IB= 422.567795916 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 227
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.107, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "load2=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=950.0#V\n",
-      "r1=2.0\n",
-      "r2=2.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "x2=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/v1\n",
-      "ra=v1*r1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=v1*x1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/v2\n",
-      "rb=v2*r2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=v2*x2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "z=((ra+rb)**2+(xa+xb)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/z\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan((xa+xb)/(ra+rb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load circulating current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load circulating current= 25.0948635944 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.108, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=1000.0#KVA\n",
-      "load2=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=510.0#V\n",
-      "z1=3.0\n",
-      "z2=5.0\n",
-      "r=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/480\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/480\n",
-      "za=z1*v1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "zb=z2*v2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "ic=(v2-v1)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"cross current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "cross current= 315.656565657 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.109, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "loada=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "loadb=250.0#kVA\n",
-      "load=750.0#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=405.0#V\n",
-      "v2=415.0#V\n",
-      "ra=1.0\n",
-      "rb=1.5\n",
-      "xa=5.0\n",
-      "xb=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=loada*1000/400\n",
-      "ra=400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=xa*400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=loadb*1000/400\n",
-      "rb=rb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=xb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "za=complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "zl=400**2*0.001/load*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "ia=(v1*zb+(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(v2*za-(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "sa=400*ia/1000\n",
-      "sb=400*ib/1000\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real))\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross current=\",-abs(ic),math.degrees(math.atan(ic.imag/ic.real))\n",
-      "print \"b)SA=\",abs(sa),pf1,\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"  SB=\",abs(sb),pf2,\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross current= -229.754569404 -72.8972710309\n",
-        "b)SA= 387.844943528 0.820048560714 lag\n",
-        "  SB= 351.964386212 0.738709225528 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.110, Page Number:1205"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zl=complex(2.0,1.5)\n",
-      "za=complex(0.15,0.5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.1,0.6)\n",
-      "ea=207#V\n",
-      "eb=205#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2_=(ia+ib)*zl\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ia.imag/ia.real)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ib.imag/ib.real)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "pa=abs(v2_)*abs(ia)*pfa\n",
-      "pb=abs(v2_)*abs(ib)*pfb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pa,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pb,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pfa\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pfb\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output:\n",
-        " A: 6535.37583042 W\n",
-        " B: 4925.36941503 W\n",
-        "power factor:\n",
-        " A: 0.818428780129\n",
-        " B: 0.775705655277\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 248
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.111, Page Number:1206"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "ib=600.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rb=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "xa=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "xb=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "ea=245.0#V\n",
-      "eb=240.0#V\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.25,0.1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=(ea/ia)*complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=(eb/ib)*complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "i=(ea*zb+eb*za)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2=i*zl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(abs(v2)),round(math.degrees(math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real))),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 230.0 -3.0 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_vEF8v8F.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_vEF8v8F.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7862658a..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_vEF8v8F.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3137 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a9b903871f8bdf2f971bf001fa7cff3dbf47aad5e657d5bfcea016f9756d9ac"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 37: Alternators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.1, Page Number:1412"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s1=36.0\n",
-      "p1=4.0\n",
-      "span1=8.0\n",
-      "s2=72.0\n",
-      "p2=6.0\n",
-      "span2=10.0\n",
-      "s3=96.0\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "span3=12.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha1=2*p1*180/s1\n",
-      "alpha2=3*p2*180/s2\n",
-      "alpha3=5*p3*180/s3\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha1/2))\n",
-      "kc2=math.cos(math.radians(alpha2/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(alpha3/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)kc=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"b)kc=\",kc2\n",
-      "print \"c)kc=\",kc3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)kc= 0.939692620786\n",
-        "b)kc= 0.923879532511\n",
-        "c)kc= 0.881921264348\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.2, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=36.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/n\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"distribution factor=\",kd"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "distribution factor= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.3, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=10.0#V\n",
-      "beta=30.0#degrees\n",
-      "m=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "arith_sum=6*v\n",
-      "vector_sum=kd*arith_sum\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"emf of six coils in series=\",vector_sum,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of six coils in series= 38.6370330516 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.4, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "ratio=2.0/3.0\n",
-      "m1=9\n",
-      "m2=6\n",
-      "m3=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m1*math.radians(beta/2))/(m1*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(m2*math.radians(beta/2))/(m2*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(m3*math.radians(beta/2))/(m3*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i) kd=\",kd1\n",
-      "print \"ii)kd=\",kd2\n",
-      "print \"iii)kd=\",kd3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) kd= 0.639863387016\n",
-        "ii)kd= 0.831206922161\n",
-        "iii)kd= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.5, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slot=18.0\n",
-      "s=16.0\n",
-      "m1=3.0\n",
-      "m2=5.0\n",
-      "m3=7.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "span=(s-1)\n",
-      "alpha=180*3/slot\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(m1*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc5=math.cos(math.radians(m2*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc7=math.cos(math.radians(m3*alpha/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kc1=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"kc3=\",kc3\n",
-      "print \"kc5=\",kc5\n",
-      "print \"kc7=\",kc7"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kc1= 0.965925826289\n",
-        "kc3= 0.707106781187\n",
-        "kc5= 0.258819045103\n",
-        "kc7= -0.258819045103\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.6, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "s=144.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "phi=0.03#Wb\n",
-      "n=375.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "t=s*z/(3*2)\n",
-      "eph=4.44*1*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"phase emf=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 50.0 Hz\n",
-        "phase emf= 1534.464 V\n",
-        "line emf= 2657.76961039 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.7, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "s=54\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "t=8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(beta/2)\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=s*8/3\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "eph=4.44*0.98*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.*eph\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eph=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eph= 1804.529664 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.8, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "slots=144.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "n=375.0\n",
-      "airgap=5*0.01\n",
-      "theta=150.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "alpha=(180-theta)\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=slots/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "s=slots/3\n",
-      "eph=4*kf*kc*kd*f*airgap*s*4/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf per phase=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf per phase= 987.908016392 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.9, Page Number:1417"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "slots=180\n",
-      "s=15\n",
-      "d=1.2#m\n",
-      "l=0.4#m\n",
-      "m=6\n",
-      "beta=180/18\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "area=(1.2*3.14/p)*l\n",
-      "phi1=area*0.637\n",
-      "vr=1.1*2*f*phi1\n",
-      "vp=2**0.5*vr\n",
-      "v3=0.4*vp\n",
-      "v5=0.2*vp\n",
-      "vf=6*vp*0.966\n",
-      "vf3=6*v3*0.707\n",
-      "vf5=6*v5*0.259\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(math.radians(3*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(3*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(math.radians(5*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(5*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "vph=vf*2**0.5*60*kd1\n",
-      "vph3=vf3*2**0.5*60*kd2\n",
-      "vph5=vf5*2**0.5*60*kd3\n",
-      "rmsv=(vph**2+vph3**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "rmsvl=3**0.5*(vph**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)e=\",vp,\"sin theta+\",v3,\"sin 3theta+\",v5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)e=\",vf,\"sin theta+\",vf3,\"sin 3theta+\",vf5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)rms value of phase voltage=\",rmsv,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)e= 14.9354392872 sin theta+ 5.97417571489 sin 3theta+ 2.98708785745 sin 5theta\n",
-        "ii)e= 86.5658061088 sin theta+ 25.3424533826 sin 3theta+ 4.64193453047 sin 5theta\n",
-        "iii)rms value of phase voltage= 7158.83679423 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.10, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=60.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "s=3.0\n",
-      "theta=60.0\n",
-      "phi=0.943#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "m=slot/(p*s)\n",
-      "beta=slot/5\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "alpha=(s/15)*180\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "z=slot*z/s\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "eph=z*kf*kc*kd*f*phi*t/2\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph*0.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage= 13196.4478482 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.11, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=15.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "kd=0.95\n",
-      "e=1825#v\n",
-      "kc=1\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "slots=p*slot\n",
-      "slotsp=slots/3\n",
-      "turnp=20*z/2\n",
-      "phi=e/(3**0.5*p*kc*kf*kd*f*turnp)\n",
-      "z=slots*z\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "eg=(phi*0.001*z*n)/slots\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eg*1000,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 749.405577006 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.12, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=360#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=3.6#A\n",
-      "f2=40#Hz\n",
-      "i2=2.4#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=v*i2*f2/(f*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e2=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e2= 160.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.13, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=2\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "per=20#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=180-theta\n",
-      "slotp=6\n",
-      "m=2\n",
-      "beta=180/slotp\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=10*slot*z\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "e1=4.44*kd1*kd1*f*0.12*t\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(3*math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "f2=f*3\n",
-      "phi3=(1.0/3)*per*0.12\n",
-      "e3=4.44*kd3*kd3*theta*0.008*40\n",
-      "e=(e1**2+e3**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e=\",e,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e= 994.25286629 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.14, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "per2=6.0#%\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#star connection\n",
-      "e5=per*v/100\n",
-      "e=(v**2+e5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eph=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#delta\n",
-      "e3=10*v/100\n",
-      "f3=10*3\n",
-      "i=e3/f3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for star=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for delta=\",e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage for star= 400.358589267 V\n",
-        "line voltage for delta= 23.0 V\n",
-        "current= 0.766666666667 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(a), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10.0\n",
-      "p1=24.0\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "f1=p1*n/120\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "n3=(1-s)*n2\n",
-      "f2=s*f1p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f1,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 60.0 Hz\n",
-        "speed= 1140.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(b), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "slotsp=4\n",
-      "cp=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "slots=slotsp*3*p\n",
-      "c=cp*slots\n",
-      "turns=32\n",
-      "kb=math.sin(math.radians(60/2))/(p*math.sin(math.radians(7.5)))\n",
-      "kp=math.cos(math.radians(15))\n",
-      "eph=4.44*50*0.12*kb*0.966*turns\n",
-      "el=eph*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage 1365.94840977 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.16, Page Number:1426"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.66#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "iradrop=i*r\n",
-      "ixsdrop=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+i*r)**2+(vp*sinphi+i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"linevalue of emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "linevalue of emf= 11475.6408913 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(a), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=440.0#KVA\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "il=200.0#A\n",
-      "vf=1160.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zs=vf/200\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous impedence=\",zs,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous reactance=\",xs,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous impedence= 5.8 ohm\n",
-        "synchronous reactance= 5.77840808528 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(b), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.07#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*x\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e=((v+ira)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lag\n",
-      "e2=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf+ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lead\n",
-      "e3=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf-ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=1\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lag\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lead\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage with pf=1 225.174386048 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lag 234.604995966 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lead 208.03726621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.18(a), Page Number:1429"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "x=3.2#ohm\n",
-      "xl=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "rd=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*xl\n",
-      "ea=((v+rd)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*ea\n",
-      "e0=((v+rd)**2+(i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0l=e0*3**0.5\n",
-      "per=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "xa=x-xl\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"internal emf Ea=\",el,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"no load emf=\",e0l,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"valueof synchronous reactance=\",xa,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "internal emf Ea= 471.842539659 V\n",
-        "no load emf= 592.991130967 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 34.7707115833 %\n",
-        "valueof synchronous reactance= 2.7 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 87
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.19, Page Number:1432"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v/vt\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced voltage= 222.090276316 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.20, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.71\n",
-      "i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(pf2))\n",
-      "zs=v2/i\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e01=((v+r*i)**2+(i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8\n",
-      "e02=((v*pf+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.71\n",
-      "e03=((v*pf2+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi2+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg3=(e03-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation unity pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf=\",reg3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.6\n",
-        "voltage regulation unity pf= 6.88779163216 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -8.875640156 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf= 21.1141910671 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.21, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "i1=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=200.0#A\n",
-      "v2=1040.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "e01=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "e02=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= 2.20611574348 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -1.77945143824 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 112
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.22, Page Number:1434"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1600.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=13500.0#V\n",
-      "r=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=30.0#ohm\n",
-      "load1=1280.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load1*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi1-ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= -11.9909032489 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.23, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "thetadel=math.atan((vp*sinphi+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira))\n",
-      "delta=math.degrees(thetadel)-math.degrees(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",delta,\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 48.0405877623 %\n",
-        "power angle= 18.9704078085 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.24, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6000.0#KVA\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "p=2.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i2=125.0#A\n",
-      "v1=8000.0#V\n",
-      "i3=800.0#A\n",
-      "d=0.03\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v1/(3**0.5*i3)\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "rd=d*vp\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=rd\n",
-      "ra=ira/il\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-ra**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+il*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= 62.2972136768 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.25, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "i=600#A\n",
-      "v2=900#V\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i)\n",
-      "rp=r/2\n",
-      "re=rp*1.5\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-re**2)**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=il*rp\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp+ira)**2+(ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1\",reg1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8\",reg2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=1 7.32796146323 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 23.8398862235 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.26, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "load1=11#KV\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x=5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "vt=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=solve(((pf*v+ira)**2+(sinphi*v-ixs)**2)**0.5-e0,v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v[1],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 6978.31767618569 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.27, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1200#KVA\n",
-      "load1=3.3#KV\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=35#A\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=1.1#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v*1000/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "e=v+ia*zs\n",
-      "change=(e-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"per unit change=\",change"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "per unit change= 0.349909254054\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 151
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.28, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11#kV\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v2=12370#V\n",
-      "vt=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E0=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v2/3**0.5\n",
-      "pf=0\n",
-      "sinphi=1\n",
-      "xs=(v-(E0**2-(i*r)**2)**0.5)/i\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "e0=((E0*pf+ira)**2+(E0*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-E0)*100/E0\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 19.6180576177 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.29, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=3500#v\n",
-      "load=2280#KW\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "r=8#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vl=vt/3**0.5\n",
-      "vp=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1*pf)\n",
-      "drop=vl-vp\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x=vl/(z+drop/il)\n",
-      "vtp=vl-x*drop/il\n",
-      "vtpl=vtp*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",vtpl,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 3420.781893 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.30, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.5#MVA\n",
-      "v=4160#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "zs=4750/(3**0.5*il)\n",
-      "ra=0\n",
-      "ixs=il*zs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(regn,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 91.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.31, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=20#A\n",
-      "i_f=37.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "eo=7600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(i_f**2+i*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "reg=(eo-v)*100/v\n",
-      "i=100*i_f/i_f1\n",
-      "zs=100*100/i\n",
-      "Eo=math.sqrt((100+zs*0.6)**2+(zs*pf)**2)\n",
-      "reg2=(Eo-100)*100/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation:\"\n",
-      "print \"by ampere turn method=\",reg,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"by synchronous impedence method=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation:\n",
-        "by ampere turn method= 15 %\n",
-        "by synchronous impedence method= 38.7243469779 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.32, Page Number:1442"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "V=v/math.sqrt(3)+(i*r**pf)\n",
-      "reg=(1555-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "reg2=(1080-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 lagging:\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 leading:\",round(reg2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 lagging: 34.7 %\n",
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 leading: -6.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.33, Page Number:1443"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x_drop=0.1\n",
-      "r_drop=0.02\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "p=800000#VA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ir_drop=r_drop*vp\n",
-      "leakage=x_drop*vp\n",
-      "E=math.sqrt((vp*pf+ir_drop)**2+(vp*0.6+leakage)**2)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I=\",round(i),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I= 140.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.34, Page Number:1444"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=17#A\n",
-      "p=2000000.0#VA\n",
-      "i_f2=42.5#A\n",
-      "v=6000.0/math.sqrt(3)#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((v*pf)**2+(v*0.6+450)**2)\n",
-      "#corresponding i=26.5 A\n",
-      "#field amperes required for balancing armature reaction=14.5A\n",
-      "i_f=math.sqrt(26.5**2+14.5**2+2*26.5*14.4*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resulting field current=\",round(i_f,1),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resulting field current= 36.9 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.35, Page Number:1446"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((vp*pf+i*2)**2+(vp*0.6+p/1000)**2)\n",
-      "i1=math.sqrt(108**2+30**2+2*108*30*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "#corresponding emf=7700V\n",
-      "reg=(7700-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage regulation= 21.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.36, Page Number:1448"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "p=275000.0#W\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "stator_i=35.0#A\n",
-      "exciting_i=50.0#A\n",
-      "x=0.08\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x_drop=v*x/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ia=i*exciting_i/stator_i\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(vp**2+x_drop**2)\n",
-      "oc=59.8#field current corresponding tothe voltage\n",
-      "i_fl=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "ia2=exciting_i*i_fl/stator_i\n",
-      "ei=math.sqrt(ia2**2+oc**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Exciting current=\",round(ei),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Exciting current= 69.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.37, Page Number:1449"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=600000.0#VA\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "l_drop=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "amp_turns=1.06*i*200.0/8\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "x_drop=vp*l_drop/100\n",
-      "oa=1910.0#V\n",
-      "reg=(2242.0-oa)*100/oa\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 17.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.38, Page Number:1450"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=15000000#VA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=8400\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "xl=640/i\n",
-      "zs=(v1/math.sqrt(3))/i\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eo=7540\n",
-      "reg=(eo-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 18.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.39, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "xd=0.7\n",
-      "xq=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(math.radians(36.9)+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"no load voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 14.4702941001 degrees\n",
-        "no load voltage= 1.51511515874 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.40, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "xd=0.6\n",
-      "xq=0.45\n",
-      "ra=0.015\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tanpsi=(v*sinphi+ia*xq)/(v*pf+ia*ra)\n",
-      "psi=math.atan(tanpsi)\n",
-      "delta=psi-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(psi)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(psi)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+iq*ra+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"open circuit voltage=\",e0,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "open circuit voltage= 1.44767600311 V\n",
-        "regulation= 44.7676003107 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.41, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=10#A\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(20)\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+ia*xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(phi+delta)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(phi+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"id=\",i_d,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iq=\",iq,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 8.23131209115 degrees\n",
-        "id= 4.7303232581 A\n",
-        "iq= 8.81045071911 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 189
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.42, Page Number:1459"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e1=220#V\n",
-      "f1=60#Hz\n",
-      "e2=222#V\n",
-      "f2=59#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "emax=(e1+e2)/2\n",
-      "emin=(e2-e1)/2\n",
-      "f=(f1-f2)\n",
-      "epeak=emax/0.707\n",
-      "pulse=(f1-f2)*60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max voltage=\",emax,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"min voltage=\",emin,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"peak value of voltage=\",epeak,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"number of maximum light pulsations/minute=\",pulse"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max voltage= 221 V\n",
-        "min voltage= 1 V\n",
-        "frequency= 1 Hz\n",
-        "peak value of voltage= 312.588401697 V\n",
-        "number of maximum light pulsations/minute= 60\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.43, Page Number:1462"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=1500#kVA\n",
-      "v=6.6#kV\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=power*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "tanphialpha=(vp*math.sin(phi)+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira)\n",
-      "phialpha=math.atan(tanphialpha)\n",
-      "alpha=phialpha-phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power angle= 7.87684146241\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 198
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.44, Page Number:1464"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#KVA\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v=3300#v\n",
-      "x=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ixs=x*vp\n",
-      "xs=x*vp/i\n",
-      "alpha=1*p/2\n",
-      "psy=3*3.14*vp**2/(60*xs*n)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronizing power=\",psy,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tsy*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronizing power= 628.0 kW\n",
-        "torque= 5997.4 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.45, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v1=3.3#kV\n",
-      "r=0.25\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000000/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,r*vp)\n",
-      "xs=ixs/i\n",
-      "v=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(e0.imag/e0.real)-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p=6/2\n",
-      "psy=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(alpha)*math.sin(math.radians(3))/xs\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*3*psy*100/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",-psy*3/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"toque=\",-tsy/100,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 722.236196153j kW\n",
-        "toque= 6897.35567326j N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 221
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.46, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#KVA\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=1#%\n",
-      "x=15#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "vph=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=r*vph/1000\n",
-      "ra=ira/i\n",
-      "xs=x*vph/(100*i)\n",
-      "zs=(ra**2+xs**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "alpha=p/2\n",
-      "psy=math.radians(alpha)*vph**2/xs\n",
-      "#fl 0.8 pf\n",
-      "e=((vph*pf+i*ra)**2+(vph*math.sin(math.acos(pf)+i*xs))**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy2=math.radians(alpha)*e*vph/xs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous power at:\"\n",
-      "print \"no load=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf of 0.8=\",psy2,\"w\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous power at:\n",
-        "no load= 58177.6417331 W\n",
-        "at pf of 0.8= 73621.2350169 w\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.47, Page Number:1466"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "v1=6000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(4)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "e0=((v*pf)**2+(v*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i*r)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy=alpha*e0*v*3/r\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous torque=\",tsy,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 514916.500204 W\n",
-        "synchronous torque= 6556.60343593 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.48, Page Number:1467"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "xs=r*vp/(1000*i)\n",
-      "p=120*f/n\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(2)\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "psy=3*alpha*vp**2/(p*1000)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy*1000/(n*2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8\n",
-      "v2=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,i*4)\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "psy2=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(math.radians(8.1))*math.sin(math.radians(2))*3/4\n",
-      "tsy2=9.55*psy2/(n*20)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power:\"\n",
-      "print \"atno load=\",psy,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"at 0.8 pf=\",psy2,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"torque:\"\n",
-      "print \"at no load=\",tsy,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8=\",tsy2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power:\n",
-        "atno load= 872.664625997 w\n",
-        "at 0.8 pf= 1506057.44405 w\n",
-        "torque:\n",
-        "at no load= 2777.98239276 N-m\n",
-        "at pf=0.8= 479.428286357 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.49, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6.6#kW\n",
-      "load1=3000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "xa=complex(0.5,10)\n",
-      "xb=complex(0.4,12)\n",
-      "i0=150#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=complex(load*1000/3**0.5,0)\n",
-      "cosphi1=1500*1000/(load*1000*i0*3**0.5)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(cosphi1)\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(phi1)\n",
-      "i=328*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "i1=i0*complex(cosphi1,-sinphi1)\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "coshi2=i2.real/181\n",
-      "ea=v+i1*xa\n",
-      "eal=3**0.5*abs(ea)\n",
-      "eb=v+i2*xb\n",
-      "ebl=3**0.5*abs(eb)\n",
-      "alpha1=(ea.imag/ea.real)\n",
-      "alpha2=(eb.imag/eb.real)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Ea=\",ea,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha1=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha2=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Ea= (4602.91884998+1275.81974829j) V\n",
-        "Eb= (5352.42648271+1524.56032028j) V\n",
-        "alpha1= 15.8810288383 degrees\n",
-        "alpha2= 16.3198639435 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 245
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.50, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declration\n",
-      "e1=complex(230,0)\n",
-      "e2=230*complex(0.985,0.174)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0,2)\n",
-      "z2=complex(0,3)\n",
-      "z=6\n",
-      "i1=((e1-e2)*z+e1*z2)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i2=((e2-e1)*z+e2*z1)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*z\n",
-      "p1=abs(v)*abs(i1)*math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=abs(v)*abs(i2)*math.cos(math.atan(i2.imag/i2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power 1=\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power 2=\",p2,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= (222.905384615-28.5730769231j) V\n",
-        "current (37.1508974359-4.76217948718j) A\n",
-        "power 1= 3210.60292765 W\n",
-        "power 2= 5138.29001053 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 249
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.51, Page Number:1471"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1500#kW\n",
-      "v=11#KV\n",
-      "pf=0.867\n",
-      "x=50#ohm\n",
-      "r=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "iwatt=il*pf\n",
-      "iwattless=il*sinphi\n",
-      "i1=il/2\n",
-      "i2=iwatt/2\n",
-      "iw1=(i**2-i1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw2=i2-iw1\n",
-      "ia=(i2**2+iw2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "vt=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ir=i*r\n",
-      "ix=x*i\n",
-      "cosphi=i2/i\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "e=((vt*cosphi+ir)**2+(vt*sinphi+ix)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 43.4628778514 A\n",
-        "line voltage= 14304.0798593 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.52, Page Number:1472"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=6000#kW\n",
-      "pfa=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phia=math.acos(pfa)\n",
-      "tanphi=math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "tanphia=math.tan(phia)\n",
-      "loadkvar=load*1000*tanphi\n",
-      "akvar=output*tanphia\n",
-      "kwb=(load*1000-output)\n",
-      "kvarb=loadkvar-akvar\n",
-      "kvab=complex(kwb,kvarb)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(math.atan(kvab.imag/kvab.real))\n",
-      "kvarb=kwb*pfb\n",
-      "kvara=-loadkvar-kvarb\n",
-      "kvaa=complex(output,kvara)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(math.atan(kvaa.imag/kvaa.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new pfb=\",pfb\n",
-      "print \"new pfa=\",pfa"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new pfb= 0.628980253433\n",
-        "new pfa= 0.513894032194\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.54, Page Number:1473"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "load=1000#KVA\n",
-      "x=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=87.5\n",
-      "x=8.7\n",
-      "vp=3810\n",
-      "e0=4311\n",
-      "ir=70\n",
-      "ix=52.5\n",
-      "IX=762\n",
-      "vb1=(e0**2-vp**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1x=vb1\n",
-      "i1=i1x/x\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*v*i1/1000\n",
-      "b2v=(vp**2+e0**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2z=b2v\n",
-      "i2=b2v/x\n",
-      "i2rx=e0\n",
-      "i2r=i2rx/x\n",
-      "i2x=vp/x\n",
-      "tanphi2=i2x/i2r\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(tanphi2)\n",
-      "cosphi2=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "output1=3**0.5*v*i2*cosphi2/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output at unity pf=\",output,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output1,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " power output at unity pf= 2650.38477722 kW\n",
-        "max power output= 5664.52285143 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 255
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.55, Page Number:1474"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=220.0#A\n",
-      "load=11.0#kV\n",
-      "per=25.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "oa1=load*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "a1c1=i*x\n",
-      "e0=(oa1**2+a1c1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "emf=(1+per/100)*e0\n",
-      "a1a2=(emf**2-a1c1**2)**0.5-oa1\n",
-      "ix=a1a2/x\n",
-      "i1=(i**2+ix**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=i/i1\n",
-      "bv=(oa1**2+emf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "imax=bv/x\n",
-      "ir=emf/x\n",
-      "ix=oa1/x\n",
-      "pfmax=ir/imax\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*load*1000*imax*pfmax*0.001\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new current= 281.573453399 A\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.781323655849\n",
-        "max power output= 16006.7954319 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 258
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.56, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#MVA\n",
-      "load1=35.0#MVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=25.0#MVA\n",
-      "cosphi1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loadmw=load1*pf\n",
-      "loadmvar=load1*0.6\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "mva1=25\n",
-      "mw1=mva1*cosphi1\n",
-      "mvar1=25*sinphi1\n",
-      "mw2=loadmw-mw1\n",
-      "mvar2=loadmvar-mvar1\n",
-      "mva2=(mw2**2+mvar2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cosphi2=mw2/mva2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",mva2\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 10.4509862952\n",
-        "pf= 0.52626611926\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 260
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.57, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "load=600#KW\n",
-      "loadm=707#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "output=900#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kva=1000\n",
-      "kvar=kva*(1-pf1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "active_p=1307-output\n",
-      "reactive_p=loadm-kvar\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"active power shared by second machine=\",active_p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"reactive power shared by second machine=\",reactive_p,\"kVAR\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "active power shared by second machine= 407 kW\n",
-        "reactive power shared by second machine= 271.110105646 kVAR\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.58, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l1=500#kW\n",
-      "l2=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "l3=800#kW\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "l4=500#kW\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "output=1500#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.95\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kw1=l1\n",
-      "kw2=l2\n",
-      "kw3=l3\n",
-      "kw4=500\n",
-      "kvar2=kw2*0.436/pf1\n",
-      "kvar3=kw3*0.6/pf2\n",
-      "kvar4=kw4*0.436/pf3\n",
-      "kvar=output/pf\n",
-      "kw=kw1+kw2+kw3+kw4-output\n",
-      "kvar=kvar2+kvar3+kvar4-kvar\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(math.atan(kvar/kw))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW output=\",kw\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kW output= 1300\n",
-        "pf= 0.981685651341\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 264
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.59, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,2)\n",
-      "ze=complex(3,4)\n",
-      "emf1=complex(2000,0)\n",
-      "emf2=complex(22000,100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=complex(68.2,-102.5)\n",
-      "i2=complex(127,-196.4)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*ze\n",
-      "pva1=v*i1\n",
-      "kw1=pva1.real*3\n",
-      "a11=math.atan(-i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "a12=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(a11-a12)\n",
-      "pva2=v*i2\n",
-      "kw2=pva2.real*3\n",
-      "a21=math.atan(-i2.imag/i2.real)\n",
-      "a22=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(a21-a22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kw output 1=\",kw1/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 1=\",pf1\n",
-      "print \"kw output 2=\",kw2/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 2=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kw output 1= 328.79427\n",
-        "pf 1= 0.606839673468\n",
-        "kw output 2= 610.34892\n",
-        "pf 2= 0.596381892841\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 273
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.63, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500#rpm\n",
-      "j=1.5*10**4#khm2\n",
-      "ratio=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"natural time period of oscillation=\",round(t,3),\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "natural time period of oscillation= 1.364 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.64, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10000#KVA\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "xs=25#%\n",
-      "pf=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=100/xs\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "j=(pf/(0.0083*ns))**2*load*ratio*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"moment of inertia=\",j/1000,\"x10^4 kg-m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "moment of inertia= 29.0317898098 x10^4 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 277
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.65, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#MVA\n",
-      "v=10.0#kV\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "j=2.0*10**5#kgm2\n",
-      "x=40.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=100.0/x\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*1000*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of oscillation of the rotor=\",round(1/t,1),\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of oscillation of the rotor= 0.2 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 283
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.66, Page Number:1483"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "z=complex(1,10)\n",
-      "emf=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=emf*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "costheta=z.real/abs(z)\n",
-      "pmax=e*v*3/(z.imag*1000)\n",
-      "pmax_per_phase=(v/abs(z))*(e-(v/abs(z)))*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max output =\",pmax_per_phase/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max output = 14125.5529273 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 285
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.67, Page Number:1484"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11#kVA\n",
-      "load1=10#MW\n",
-      "z=complex(0.8,8.0)\n",
-      "v=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pmax=(load*1000/3**0.5)*(v*1000/3**0.5)*3/z.imag\n",
-      "imax=((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5/z.imag\n",
-      "pf=(v/3**0.5)*1000/((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum output=\",pmax/1000000,\"MW\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",imax,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum output= 19.25 MW\n",
-        "current= 1284.92866209 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.786318338822\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 289
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_w1kpJlA.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_w1kpJlA.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 90e078d2..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_w1kpJlA.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1739 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:4fa0d818a53ec5608949c7725a11f84c78952680d73d506e4179ac596da192fb"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 38: Synchronous Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.1, Page Number:1495"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=75#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.95\n",
-      "xs=2.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/4\n",
-      "pm=p*1000/loss\n",
-      "ia=pm/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vol_phase=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power= 78947.3684211 W\n",
-        "armature current= 129.489444346 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.2, Page Number:1498"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=20\n",
-      "vl=693#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "lag=0.5#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#lag=0.5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "print \"displacement:0.5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#lag=5\n",
-      "lag=5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"displacement:5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "displacement:0.5%\n",
-        "alpha= 5.0 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (3.4871338335-0.152251551219j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 4189.63221768 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "displacement:5%\n",
-        "alpha= 50 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (30.6497244054-14.2922012106j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 40591.222447 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.3, Page Number:1499"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V/ph\n",
-      "i=32.0#A/ph\n",
-      "xs=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xs)**2)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xs)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 512.249938995 V\n",
-        "delta= 38.6598082541 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.4, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=150#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "xd=32#ohm\n",
-      "xq=20#ohm\n",
-      "alpha=16#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=2*vp\n",
-      "ex_power=eb*vp*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/xd\n",
-      "rel_power=(vp**2*(xd-xq)*math.sin(math.radians(2*alpha)))/(2*xd*xq)\n",
-      "pm=3*(ex_power+rel_power)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1121.29686485 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.5, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "P=1.5#MW\n",
-      "phi=3.0\n",
-      "xd=4.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "xq=3.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "sin_phi=0\n",
-      "cos_phi=1\n",
-      "phi=0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v1=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=P*math.pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(3)*v*cos_phi)\n",
-      "tan_sigma=(v1*sin_phi-ia*xq)/(v1*cos_phi)\n",
-      "sigma=math.atan(tan_sigma)\n",
-      "alpha=phi-sigma\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(sigma)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(sigma)\n",
-      "eb=v1*math.cos(alpha)-i_d*xd\n",
-      "#eb=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)\n",
-      "#dPm/d(alpha)=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)=0\n",
-      "ans=solve([(604.0*x**2+1029.0*x-302.0)],[x])\n",
-      "alpha2=math.acos(math.radians(ans[1][0]))\n",
-      "Pm=1029*math.sin(alpha2)+151*math.sin(alpha2)\n",
-      "max_P=Pm*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop=\",round(max_P),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop= 3540.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.6, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=30#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*3\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "z_drop=ia*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt((vp**2+z_drop**2-(2*vp*z_drop*math.cos(theta+phi))))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power supplied=\",p2/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"KW\"\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "    "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power supplied= 914.522826396 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 903.722826396 KW\n",
-        "induced emf= 13039.2734763 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.7, Page Number:1507"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "pf=1\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xq)**2)+((xd-xq)*14.8)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xq)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 502.648089715 V\n",
-        "delta= 27.4744316263 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.8, Page Number:1508"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=800#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output*1000+loss+ex_loss\n",
-      "ia=(v*pf-math.sqrt(v**2*pf**2-4*r*pm))/(2*r)\n",
-      "m_input=loss*ia*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/m_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commercial efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commercial efficiency= 82.1029269497 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.9, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "il=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x//r)\n",
-      "v=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"volt/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Eb= 1708.04482042 volt/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.10, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "vl=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "il=50#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#0.8 lagging\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi-theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 lag: Eb=\",eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#0.8 leading\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 leading:Eb=\",eb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.8 lag: Eb= 5651.1180113\n",
-        "0.8 leading:Eb= 7705.24623679\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.11, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)-phi)))\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=1: Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lag:Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lead:Eb=\",eb3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf=1: Eb= 107.703296143 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lag:Eb= 82.4621125124 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lead:Eb= 128.062484749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.12, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "r=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=40#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ra=ia*r\n",
-      "xa=ia*x\n",
-      "za=math.sqrt(ra**2+xa**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(vp**2+za**2-(2*vp*za*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "alpha1=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta)/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta-phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta-phi)/eb2)\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta+phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha3=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"at pf=1\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb1*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 lagging\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 leading\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha3),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "at pf=1\n",
-        "Eb= 11283.8105339 V\n",
-        "alpha= 18.7256601694 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 lagging\n",
-        "Eb= 8990.39249633 V\n",
-        "alpha= 10.0142654731 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 leading\n",
-        "Eb= 13283.8907748 V\n",
-        "alpha= 7.71356041367 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.14, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,0.866)\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "output=6000#W\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z.real\n",
-      "motor_intake=output+loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(motor_intake/(v*i))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)*i\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)-phi)))\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "lag:eb= 154.286783862 V\n",
-        "lag:eb= 213.765547573 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.15, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,6)\n",
-      "lag=3#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=lag*8/2\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(eb**2+eb**2-(2*eb*eb*(math.cos(math.radians(alpha)))))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=theta-(math.asin(eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/er))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "total_input=3*eb*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=total_input-cu_loss\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*eb/zs)-(eb**2*z.real/(zs**2))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power of the motor=\",pm/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power of motor=\",pm_max/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 44.1583059199 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.99927231631\n",
-        "power of the motor= 165.803353329 kW\n",
-        "max power of motor= 250.446734776 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 72
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.16, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250#V\n",
-      "lead=150#degrees\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "x=2.5#times resistance\n",
-      "alpha=lead/3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+eb**2-(2*v*eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha))))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x)\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"pf at which the motor is operating=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf at which the motor is operating= 0.928476690885\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.17, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=900#kW\n",
-      "e=8900#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "icos=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "bc=r*icos\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "i=icos/math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 149.188331836 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 82
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.18, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ia1zs=ia1*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(va**2+ia1zs**2-(2*va*ia1zs*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "ia2cosphi2=inpt2*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "cosphi2=x*ia2cosphi2\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-cosphi2*2)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(ac/cosphi2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.atan(cosphi2/ac)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"new power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power angle= 25.8661450552 degrees\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.436270181217\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.19, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=5472#W\n",
-      "x=10#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iacosphi=inpt/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=iacosphi*zs\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(va**2-iazs**2)\n",
-      "oc=va-ac\n",
-      "bc=iazs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/iazs)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "ia=iacosphi/pf\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(bc/ac)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 19.9987718079 degrees\n",
-        "power factor= 0.984809614116\n",
-        "armature current= 8.01997824686 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.20, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "xs=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=800.0#kW\n",
-      "e=2500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ep=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "i2=solve(((i1*xs+r*i2)**2+(vp+i1*r-xs*i2)**2)-ep**2,i2)\n",
-      "i=math.sqrt(i1**2+i2[0]**2)\n",
-      "pf=i1/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line currrent=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line currrent= 241.492937915 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.956301702525\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 152
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.21, Page Number:1516"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=650#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "power=inpt*1000+ex_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt*1000-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/power\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power=\",power,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 13.0516151762 A\n",
-        "power= 8110.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.6693343026 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 156
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.22, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "inpt=800#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ip=ia/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=ip*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+iazs**2-(2*v*iazs*(-1)*pf))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(iazs*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 4972.19098879 V\n",
-        "rotor angle= 17.0098509277 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.23, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=75#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "r=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.925\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)-phi\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "ns=120*50/40\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eb,\"eb\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 235.683320812 eb\n",
-        "mechanical power= 79437.5456538 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.24, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "zs=x=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "i2=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iazs=i*zs\n",
-      "xs=math.sqrt(x**2-r**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "iazs2=i2*zs\n",
-      "phi=theta-math.acos(vp**2-vp**2+iazs2**2/(2*vp*iazs2))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "input_m=math.sqrt(3)*v*i2*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ns=120*50/6\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque developed=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque developed= 310.739709828 N-m\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.912650996943\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 161
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.25, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "xs=10#W/phase\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+zs**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"minimum current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"inducedemf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "minimum current= 12.6677441416 A\n",
-        "inducedemf= 263.401798584 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.26, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=37.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=ia*abs(zs)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(zs.imag/zs.real)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(math.sin(theta+phi)*er/eb)\n",
-      "pm=3*eb*vp*math.sin(alpha)/abs(zs)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 495.407915636 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power developed= 44844.4875189 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 206
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.27, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "xs=20.0#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500.0#kW\n",
-      "phi2=Symbol('phi2')\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "er=ia*xs\n",
-      "zs=xs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(inpt2*1000*zs/(3*eb*vp))\n",
-      "#vp/eb=cos(alpha+phi2)/cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#solving we get\n",
-      "phi2=math.radians(19.39)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power factor= 0.943280616635\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 228
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.28, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "x=4#ohms/phase\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohms/phase\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "loss=2#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(complex(r,x))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2)\n",
-      "pm=3*pm_max\n",
-      "output=pm-loss*1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum power output= 51.3898913442 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.29, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=10#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "eb=1600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=x/z\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*v/z)-(eb**2*pf/zs)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "tg_max=9.55*pm_max/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total torque=\",tg_max,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total torque= 5505.51976175 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.30, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variabke declaration\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "x=3#ohm/phase\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=ia*x\n",
-      "sinphi=(eb**2-vp**2-zs**2)/(2*zs*vp)\n",
-      "phi=math.asin(sinphi)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "pi=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf/1000\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pi*1000/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",pi,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power input= 669.029147347 kW\n",
-        "power factor= 0.965660395791\n",
-        "torque= 4259.48557144 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 234
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.31, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "e=3800#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=theta\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(vp**2+eb**2-(2*vp*eb*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "pm_max=((eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total mechanical power=\",pm_max,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total mechanical power= 604356.888001 W\n",
-        "current= 151.417346198 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.857248980398\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 235
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.32, Page Number:1521"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=415#V\n",
-      "e=520#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,4)\n",
-      "loss=1000#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+e**2-(2*v*e*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "i=er/zs\n",
-      "il=math.sqrt(3)*i\n",
-      "pm_max=((e*v/zs)-(e**2*z.real/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "output=pm_max-loss\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*z.real\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*il*v)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output= 134.640174346 kW\n",
-        "line current= 268.015478962 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.890508620247\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.4816159071 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.33, Page Number:1524"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*efficiency*pf)\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*il**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf= 494.75258624 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power= 39.6138268735 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.34, Page Number:1525"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=48#kW\n",
-      "v=693#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ratio=0.3\n",
-      "x=2#W/phase\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(float(\"inf\"))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta-phi)))\n",
-      "i_cosphi=pf*il\n",
-      "bc=i_cosphi*x\n",
-      "eb=eb+(ratio*eb)\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "i2=i_cosphi/pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 46.3871111945 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.862084919821\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.35, Page Number:1526"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kW\n",
-      "inpt=240.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "total_load=inpt+load\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "kVAR=total_load*math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "#factory load\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "kVAR=inpt*math.tan(phil)\n",
-      "kVA=inpt/pf\n",
-      "kVAR1=total_load*math.sin(phil)\n",
-      "lead_kVAR=kVAR1-kVAR\n",
-      "#synchronous motor\n",
-      "phim=math.atan(lead_kVAR/load)\n",
-      "motorpf=math.cos(phim)\n",
-      "motorkVA=math.sqrt(load**2+lead_kVAR**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"leading kVAR supplied by the motor=\",motorkVA\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "leading kVAR supplied by the motor= 60.0\n",
-        "pf= 0.8\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_wKmymt8.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_wKmymt8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 894eff9f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_wKmymt8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:9895a0f3fc78aa13cc793dfc60b4d616a3af11e4983465d122ac29be7197893e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 25: Elements of Electro-Mechanical Energy Conversion"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.1, Page Number:876"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sod=15#stator-core outer diameter\n",
-      "sid=10.05#stator-core inner diameter\n",
-      "rod=10.00#rotor-core outer diameter\n",
-      "rid=5#rotor-core inner diameter\n",
-      "a=8#axial lenght of the machine\n",
-      "b=1.20\n",
-      "ur=1000\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=(3.14/4)*((sod*sod)-(sid*sid))*a#volume of stator-core\n",
-      "vr=(3.14/4)*((rod*rod)-(rid*rid))*a#volume of rotor-core\n",
-      "va=(3.14/4)*((sid*sid)-(rod*rod))*a#volume of air-gap in the machine\n",
-      "ed=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7))\n",
-      "e=ed*va*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "edm=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)*ur)\n",
-      "es=edm*vs*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "er=edm*vr*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "kr=(vs+vr)/vs\n",
-      "ke=(es+er)/e\n",
-      "ratio=kr/ke\n",
-      "eratio=e/(es+er)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in air gap= \",e,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in stator-core= \",round(es,2),\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in rotor core= \",er,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores=\",round(eratio)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Energy stored in air gap=  3.609  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in stator-core=  0.45  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in rotor core=  0.27  Joules\n",
-        "Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores= 5.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.2, Page Number:877"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#turns\n",
-      "area=5*5#cross sectional area\n",
-      "i=1.25#amp\n",
-      "x=0.25#cm\n",
-      "l=0.402\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p=4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)/(0.5*10**(-2))\n",
-      "l=n**2*p\n",
-      "em=.5*i*i*l\n",
-      "W=-1*0.5*n**2*4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)*i**2/(0.5*10**(-2))**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)coil inductance=\",l,\"H\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)field energy stored=\",em,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)mechanical energy output=\",W,\"NW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)coil inductance= 0.40192 H\n",
-        "  ii)field energy stored= 0.314 J\n",
-        "b)mechanical energy output= -62.8 NW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.4, Page Number:882"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "lo=50#mH\n",
-      "xo=0.05#cm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.075#cm\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "x2=0.15#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "l1=2*lo/(1+(x/xo))\n",
-      "lambda1=l1*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "W=0.5*l1*i2**2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "l2=2*lo/(1+(x2/xo))\n",
-      "lambda2=l2*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "w2=0.5*i2*(lambda1-lambda2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",W,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic stored energy=\",w2,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.5, Page Number:883"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rc=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=3#V\n",
-      "i=6#A\n",
-      "l1=40#mH\n",
-      "l2=25#mH\n",
-      "wfld=0.5*l2*i*i*0.001\n",
-      "delE=0.5*i*i*0.001*(l1-l2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",wfld,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic store energy=\",delE,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)magnetic stored energy= 0.45 J\n",
-        "b)change in magnetic store energy= 0.27 J\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_wmNEbtc.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_wmNEbtc.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f35c124e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_wmNEbtc.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1233 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:fc88e8a107629d62ff7c77f84f67a9d9da67e1160053ed6d930ef88cb4cc11d6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 27: Armature Reaction and Commutation"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.1, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=722\n",
-      "ia=100.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=8.0#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 802.222222222\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 3710.27777778\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.2, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=1280\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "commuter=160\n",
-      "advanced_segments=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/8\n",
-      "theta_m=advanced_segments*360/commuter\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 800.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1200.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(a), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=880\n",
-      "ia=120.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=3.0#degrees\n",
-      "n=1100#tturns/pole\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "iadditional=(atd_perpole/n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"b)cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"c)additional field current=\",iadditional,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)armature demagnetization= 440.0 AT\n",
-        "b)cross-magnetization= 6160.0 AT\n",
-        "c)additional field current= 0.4 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(b), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=480\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0*2#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/4\n",
-      "total=(z*i)/(2*p)\n",
-      "atd_perpole=total*(2*theta_m/180)\n",
-      "atc_perpole=total*(1-(2*theta_m/180))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 500.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1750.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.4, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=492\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0\n",
-      "ia=143.0+10.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=ia/2#wave wound\n",
-      "i2=ia/4#lap wound\n",
-      "atd_perpole1=z*i1*theta_m/360#wave wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt1=atd_perpole1/theta_m\n",
-      "atd_perpole2=z*i2*(theta_m/360.0)#lap wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt2=atd_perpole2/theta_m\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"wave wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole1,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt1)\n",
-      "print \"lap wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole2,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "wave wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 1045.5 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 104\n",
-        "lap wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 522.75 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 52\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.5, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "p=50*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "z=400\n",
-      "commuter=4\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "segments=z/a\n",
-      "theta=pole*360.0/segments\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360)\n",
-      "extra=atd/ish\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"demagnetisation=\",atd,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt turns/poles\",extra"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "demagnetisation= 820.0 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt turns/poles 164.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.6, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "theta=10.0#degrees\n",
-      "lambda_=1.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*p))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "atd=z*i*theta/360\n",
-      "extra=lambda_*atd/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)cross magnetization ampere-turns=\",atc\n",
-      "print \"ii)back ampere-turns\",atd\n",
-      "print \"iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns\",int(extra)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)cross magnetization ampere-turns= 2777.77777778\n",
-        "ii)back ampere-turns 1388.88888889\n",
-        "iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns 9\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.7, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=22.38#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "z=840\n",
-      "commutator=140\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ish=1.8#A\n",
-      "back=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=p*1000.0/efficiency\n",
-      "input_i=motor_input/v\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2.0\n",
-      "theta=back*360/commutator\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360.0)\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*pole))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole=\",atd\n",
-      "print \"distorting amp-turns/pole=\",atc"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole= 251.998140496\n",
-        "distorting amp-turns/pole= 2687.98016529\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.8, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ia=1000#A\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "z=860\n",
-      "per=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "at=per/p*z*(i/2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"AT/pole for compensation winding=\",at"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "AT/pole for compensation winding= 3010.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.9, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "segment=123\n",
-      "wb=3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=n/60.0*segment\n",
-      "commutation=wb/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commutation time=\",commutation*1000,\"millisecond\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commutation time= 1.82926829268 millisecond\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.10, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "d=30#cm\n",
-      "ia=150#A\n",
-      "wb=1.25#cm\n",
-      "L=0.07*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "v=3.14*d*(n/60)\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 19.782 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.11, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "segments=55\n",
-      "n=900\n",
-      "wb=1.74\n",
-      "L=153*math.pow(10,-6)#H\n",
-      "i=27#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=segments*n/60\n",
-      "Tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/Tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 3.91732758621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.12, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "z=64\n",
-      "wb=1.2\n",
-      "L=0.05#mH\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "L=L*0.001\n",
-      "v=n/60*z\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "#i.linear\n",
-      "E1=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "#ii.sinusoidal\n",
-      "E2=1.11*E1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Linear commutation,E=\",E1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Sinosoidal commutation,E=\",E2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Linear commutation,E= 5.0 V\n",
-        "Sinosoidal commutation,E= 5.55 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.13, Page Number:951"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "B=0.5#Wb/m2\n",
-      "Ig=4.0#mm\n",
-      "ia=500.0#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "arm_mmf=z*(ia/p)/(2*p)\n",
-      "compole=int(B*Ig*0.001/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)))\n",
-      "mag=0.1*compole\n",
-      "total_compole=int(compole+mag)\n",
-      "total_mmf=arm_mmf+total_compole\n",
-      "Ncp=total_mmf/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of turns on each commutating pole=\",int(Ncp)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of turns on each commutating pole= 11\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.14, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p1=100.0#kW\n",
-      "V1=250#V\n",
-      "p2=300.0#kW\n",
-      "V2=250#V\n",
-      "i1=200#A\n",
-      "i2=500#A\n",
-      "il=600#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "delI1=p1/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "delI2=p2/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load=\",delI1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load=\",delI2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load= 150.0 A\n",
-        "Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load= 450.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 92
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.15, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v_nl1=270#V\n",
-      "v_l=220#V\n",
-      "il1=35#A\n",
-      "v_nl2=280#V\n",
-      "il2=50#A\n",
-      "il=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v_nl1-v_l\n",
-      "vd_pa=vd1/il1#voltage drop per ampere\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd_pa2=(v_nl2-v_l)/il2\n",
-      "#270=(10/7)i1=280-1.2*i2\n",
-      "ans=solve([4.2*i2-5*i1-35,i1+i2-60],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v_nl2-vd_pa2*ans[i2]\n",
-      "o1=v*ans[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=v*ans[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output current of first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1)\n",
-      "print \"output current of second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1)\n",
-      "print \"output of first machine=\",round(o1,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second machine=\",round(o2,1),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output current of first machine= 23.6\n",
-        "output current of second machine= 36.4\n",
-        "output of first machine= 5.7 kW\n",
-        "output of second machine= 8.9 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.16, Page Number:958"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rf=20#ohm\n",
-      "i=4000#A\n",
-      "v1=210#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#V+(i1+v/20)*0.01=210\n",
-      "#V+(i2+v/20)*0.01=220\n",
-      "#solving the above two equations we have i1-i2=1000\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1-i2-1000,i1+i2-4000],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=solve([v1-(ans[i1]+v/20)*0.01-v],[v])\n",
-      "o1=V[v]*ans[i1]/1000\n",
-      "o2=V[v]*ans[i2]/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",V[v],\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"output of first generator=\",o1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second generator=\",o2,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Bus bar voltage= 184.907546226887 V\n",
-        "output of first generator= 462.268865567216 kW\n",
-        "output of second generator= 277.361319340330 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.17, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "i=250.0#A\n",
-      "v1=50.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=100.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.06\n",
-      "r2=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v*r1\n",
-      "il1=v1*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d1=vd1/il1\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd2=v*r2\n",
-      "il2=v2*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d2=vd2/il2\n",
-      "#3i1/10=i2/10\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1+i2-i,3*i1-i2],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v-(3*ans[i1]/10)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(v,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to first machine= 62.5 A\n",
-        "current delivered to second machine= 187.5 A\n",
-        "terminal voltage= 481.3 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.18, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x1=Symbol('x1')\n",
-      "x2=Symbol('x2')\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "w1=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=119.0#V\n",
-      "w2=200.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=116.0#V\n",
-      "i=3500.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-119)(x1/100)] for generator 1\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-116)(x2/100)] for generator 2\n",
-      "#(250x1*1000/100)+(200x2*1000/100)=v*3500\n",
-      "#v=125-6x1/100\n",
-      "ans=solve([(250.0*x1*1000.0/100.0)+(200.0*(2.0*x1*1000.0)/300.0)-((125.0-((6.0*x1)/100.0))*3500.0)],[x1])\n",
-      "V=v-(6.0*ans[x1]/100.0)\n",
-      "ans2=solve([V-(v-((v-v2)*(x2/100.0)))],[x2])\n",
-      "ratio=ans[x1]/ans2[x2]\n",
-      "I=solve([ratio-((i1*w2)/(i2*w1)),i1+i2-i],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(I[i1],0),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(I[i2],0),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 2283.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 1217.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.19, Page Number:960"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "IA=Symbol('IA')\n",
-      "IB=Symbol('IB')\n",
-      "va1=240.0#V\n",
-      "va2=220.0#v\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "vb1=245.0#V\n",
-      "vb2=220.0#V\n",
-      "ib=150.0#A\n",
-      "i=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=solve([(va1-((va1-va2)*IA/ia))-(vb1-((vb1-vb2)*IB/ib)),IA+IB-i],[IA,IB])\n",
-      "vbus=va1-((va1-va2)*I[IA]/ia)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",round(I[IA],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",round(I[IB],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"V bus=\",round(vbus,2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 168.75 A\n",
-        "IB= 131.25 A\n",
-        "V bus= 223.13 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.20, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "n=5.0#number ofshunt generators\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "incr=0.04#increase in current\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=p/n\n",
-      "o=load*1000.0/v\n",
-      "a_drop=ra*o\n",
-      "emf=v+a_drop\n",
-      "incr=incr*emf\n",
-      "emf1=emf+incr\n",
-      "#emf1-ra*i1=V\n",
-      "#emf-ra*i2=V\n",
-      "I=solve([emf1-emf-ra*(i1-i2),i1+4.1*i2-510],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=I[i1]+4.0*I[i2]#V=i1+4*i2\n",
-      "o1=V*I[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=V*I[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power output of first machine=\",round(o1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output of second machine=\",round(o2,2),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage=\",round(V),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power output of first machine= 133.0 kW\n",
-        "Power output of second machine= 30.24 kW\n",
-        "Terminal voltage= 504.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.21, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "i=1500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "emf1=400.0#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "emf2=440.0#V\n",
-      "rs1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs2=80.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#i2=1500-i1\n",
-      "#ish1=v/100, ish2=v/80\n",
-      "#ia1=i1+v/100, ia2=i2+v/80\n",
-      "ans=solve([(0.5/0.04)-((emf1-1.005*V)/(1.0005*V-380))],[V])\n",
-      "i1=(emf1-1.005*ans[V])/0.5\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "o1=ans[V]*i1/1000\n",
-      "o2=ans[V]*i2/1000\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage=\",round(ans[V],2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 33.86 A\n",
-        "I2= 1466.14 A\n",
-        "Terminal Voltage= 381.16 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.22, Page Number:962"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v1=250#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "rf1=100#ohm\n",
-      "v2=248#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "rf2=100#ohm\n",
-      "i=40#A\n",
-      "ir=0.172#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([V+((I+V/rf1)*ra1)-v1,V+((I+V/rf2)*ra2)-v2],[I,V])\n",
-      "ib=i-2*ans[I]\n",
-      "vd=ib*ir\n",
-      "eb=ans[V]+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf of battery=\",round(eb),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of battery= 248.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.23, Page Number:963"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=400#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "vb=410#V\n",
-      "rb=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "V=390#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loada=(va-V)/ra\n",
-      "loadb=(vb-V)/rb\n",
-      "pa=loada*V\n",
-      "pb=loadb*V\n",
-      "net_v=vb-va\n",
-      "total_r=ra+rb\n",
-      "i=net_v/total_r\n",
-      "terminal_v=va+(i*ra)\n",
-      "power_AtoB=terminal_v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",terminal_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power=\",power_AtoB,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 15.3846153846 A\n",
-        "Voltage= 403.846153846 V\n",
-        "Power= 6213.01775148 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.24, Page Number:964"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "i=500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "ra2=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "sw1=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "sw2=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "e1=240.0#V\n",
-      "e2=244.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "V=solve([(((e1-v)/ra1)+((e2-v)/ra2)-i)],[v])\n",
-      "i1=(e1-V[v])/ra1\n",
-      "i2=(e2-V[v])/ra2\n",
-      "#ratio of series winding (1/0.004):(1/0.0006) or 3:2\n",
-      "is1=i*3/5\n",
-      "is2=i*2/5\n",
-      "vbus=V[v]-(is1*sw1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current in series winding:\"\n",
-      "print \"generator A=\",round(is1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"generator B=\",round(is2),\"B\"\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",round(vbus,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 200.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 300.0 A\n",
-        "Current in series winding:\n",
-        "generator A= 300.0 A\n",
-        "generator B= 200.0 B\n",
-        "Bus bar voltage= 236.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_x8Hd3Fi.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_x8Hd3Fi.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 894eff9f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_x8Hd3Fi.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:9895a0f3fc78aa13cc793dfc60b4d616a3af11e4983465d122ac29be7197893e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 25: Elements of Electro-Mechanical Energy Conversion"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.1, Page Number:876"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sod=15#stator-core outer diameter\n",
-      "sid=10.05#stator-core inner diameter\n",
-      "rod=10.00#rotor-core outer diameter\n",
-      "rid=5#rotor-core inner diameter\n",
-      "a=8#axial lenght of the machine\n",
-      "b=1.20\n",
-      "ur=1000\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=(3.14/4)*((sod*sod)-(sid*sid))*a#volume of stator-core\n",
-      "vr=(3.14/4)*((rod*rod)-(rid*rid))*a#volume of rotor-core\n",
-      "va=(3.14/4)*((sid*sid)-(rod*rod))*a#volume of air-gap in the machine\n",
-      "ed=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7))\n",
-      "e=ed*va*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "edm=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)*ur)\n",
-      "es=edm*vs*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "er=edm*vr*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "kr=(vs+vr)/vs\n",
-      "ke=(es+er)/e\n",
-      "ratio=kr/ke\n",
-      "eratio=e/(es+er)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in air gap= \",e,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in stator-core= \",round(es,2),\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in rotor core= \",er,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores=\",round(eratio)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Energy stored in air gap=  3.609  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in stator-core=  0.45  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in rotor core=  0.27  Joules\n",
-        "Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores= 5.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.2, Page Number:877"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#turns\n",
-      "area=5*5#cross sectional area\n",
-      "i=1.25#amp\n",
-      "x=0.25#cm\n",
-      "l=0.402\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p=4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)/(0.5*10**(-2))\n",
-      "l=n**2*p\n",
-      "em=.5*i*i*l\n",
-      "W=-1*0.5*n**2*4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)*i**2/(0.5*10**(-2))**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)coil inductance=\",l,\"H\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)field energy stored=\",em,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)mechanical energy output=\",W,\"NW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)coil inductance= 0.40192 H\n",
-        "  ii)field energy stored= 0.314 J\n",
-        "b)mechanical energy output= -62.8 NW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.4, Page Number:882"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "lo=50#mH\n",
-      "xo=0.05#cm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.075#cm\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "x2=0.15#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "l1=2*lo/(1+(x/xo))\n",
-      "lambda1=l1*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "W=0.5*l1*i2**2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "l2=2*lo/(1+(x2/xo))\n",
-      "lambda2=l2*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "w2=0.5*i2*(lambda1-lambda2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",W,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic stored energy=\",w2,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.5, Page Number:883"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rc=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=3#V\n",
-      "i=6#A\n",
-      "l1=40#mH\n",
-      "l2=25#mH\n",
-      "wfld=0.5*l2*i*i*0.001\n",
-      "delE=0.5*i*i*0.001*(l1-l2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",wfld,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic store energy=\",delE,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)magnetic stored energy= 0.45 J\n",
-        "b)change in magnetic store energy= 0.27 J\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_zAHS5nJ.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_zAHS5nJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 90e078d2..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_zAHS5nJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1739 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:4fa0d818a53ec5608949c7725a11f84c78952680d73d506e4179ac596da192fb"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 38: Synchronous Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.1, Page Number:1495"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=75#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.95\n",
-      "xs=2.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/4\n",
-      "pm=p*1000/loss\n",
-      "ia=pm/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vol_phase=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power= 78947.3684211 W\n",
-        "armature current= 129.489444346 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.2, Page Number:1498"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=20\n",
-      "vl=693#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "lag=0.5#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#lag=0.5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "print \"displacement:0.5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#lag=5\n",
-      "lag=5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"displacement:5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "displacement:0.5%\n",
-        "alpha= 5.0 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (3.4871338335-0.152251551219j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 4189.63221768 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "displacement:5%\n",
-        "alpha= 50 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (30.6497244054-14.2922012106j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 40591.222447 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.3, Page Number:1499"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V/ph\n",
-      "i=32.0#A/ph\n",
-      "xs=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xs)**2)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xs)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 512.249938995 V\n",
-        "delta= 38.6598082541 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.4, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=150#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "xd=32#ohm\n",
-      "xq=20#ohm\n",
-      "alpha=16#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=2*vp\n",
-      "ex_power=eb*vp*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/xd\n",
-      "rel_power=(vp**2*(xd-xq)*math.sin(math.radians(2*alpha)))/(2*xd*xq)\n",
-      "pm=3*(ex_power+rel_power)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1121.29686485 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.5, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "P=1.5#MW\n",
-      "phi=3.0\n",
-      "xd=4.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "xq=3.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "sin_phi=0\n",
-      "cos_phi=1\n",
-      "phi=0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v1=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=P*math.pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(3)*v*cos_phi)\n",
-      "tan_sigma=(v1*sin_phi-ia*xq)/(v1*cos_phi)\n",
-      "sigma=math.atan(tan_sigma)\n",
-      "alpha=phi-sigma\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(sigma)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(sigma)\n",
-      "eb=v1*math.cos(alpha)-i_d*xd\n",
-      "#eb=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)\n",
-      "#dPm/d(alpha)=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)=0\n",
-      "ans=solve([(604.0*x**2+1029.0*x-302.0)],[x])\n",
-      "alpha2=math.acos(math.radians(ans[1][0]))\n",
-      "Pm=1029*math.sin(alpha2)+151*math.sin(alpha2)\n",
-      "max_P=Pm*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop=\",round(max_P),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop= 3540.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.6, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=30#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*3\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "z_drop=ia*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt((vp**2+z_drop**2-(2*vp*z_drop*math.cos(theta+phi))))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power supplied=\",p2/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"KW\"\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "    "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power supplied= 914.522826396 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 903.722826396 KW\n",
-        "induced emf= 13039.2734763 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.7, Page Number:1507"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "pf=1\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xq)**2)+((xd-xq)*14.8)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xq)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 502.648089715 V\n",
-        "delta= 27.4744316263 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.8, Page Number:1508"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=800#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output*1000+loss+ex_loss\n",
-      "ia=(v*pf-math.sqrt(v**2*pf**2-4*r*pm))/(2*r)\n",
-      "m_input=loss*ia*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/m_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commercial efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commercial efficiency= 82.1029269497 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.9, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "il=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x//r)\n",
-      "v=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"volt/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Eb= 1708.04482042 volt/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.10, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "vl=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "il=50#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#0.8 lagging\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi-theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 lag: Eb=\",eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#0.8 leading\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 leading:Eb=\",eb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.8 lag: Eb= 5651.1180113\n",
-        "0.8 leading:Eb= 7705.24623679\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.11, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)-phi)))\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=1: Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lag:Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lead:Eb=\",eb3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf=1: Eb= 107.703296143 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lag:Eb= 82.4621125124 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lead:Eb= 128.062484749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.12, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "r=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=40#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ra=ia*r\n",
-      "xa=ia*x\n",
-      "za=math.sqrt(ra**2+xa**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(vp**2+za**2-(2*vp*za*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "alpha1=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta)/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta-phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta-phi)/eb2)\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta+phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha3=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"at pf=1\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb1*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 lagging\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 leading\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha3),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "at pf=1\n",
-        "Eb= 11283.8105339 V\n",
-        "alpha= 18.7256601694 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 lagging\n",
-        "Eb= 8990.39249633 V\n",
-        "alpha= 10.0142654731 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 leading\n",
-        "Eb= 13283.8907748 V\n",
-        "alpha= 7.71356041367 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.14, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,0.866)\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "output=6000#W\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z.real\n",
-      "motor_intake=output+loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(motor_intake/(v*i))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)*i\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)-phi)))\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "lag:eb= 154.286783862 V\n",
-        "lag:eb= 213.765547573 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.15, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,6)\n",
-      "lag=3#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=lag*8/2\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(eb**2+eb**2-(2*eb*eb*(math.cos(math.radians(alpha)))))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=theta-(math.asin(eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/er))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "total_input=3*eb*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=total_input-cu_loss\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*eb/zs)-(eb**2*z.real/(zs**2))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power of the motor=\",pm/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power of motor=\",pm_max/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 44.1583059199 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.99927231631\n",
-        "power of the motor= 165.803353329 kW\n",
-        "max power of motor= 250.446734776 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 72
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.16, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250#V\n",
-      "lead=150#degrees\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "x=2.5#times resistance\n",
-      "alpha=lead/3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+eb**2-(2*v*eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha))))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x)\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"pf at which the motor is operating=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf at which the motor is operating= 0.928476690885\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.17, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=900#kW\n",
-      "e=8900#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "icos=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "bc=r*icos\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "i=icos/math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 149.188331836 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 82
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.18, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ia1zs=ia1*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(va**2+ia1zs**2-(2*va*ia1zs*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "ia2cosphi2=inpt2*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "cosphi2=x*ia2cosphi2\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-cosphi2*2)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(ac/cosphi2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.atan(cosphi2/ac)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"new power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power angle= 25.8661450552 degrees\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.436270181217\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.19, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=5472#W\n",
-      "x=10#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iacosphi=inpt/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=iacosphi*zs\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(va**2-iazs**2)\n",
-      "oc=va-ac\n",
-      "bc=iazs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/iazs)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "ia=iacosphi/pf\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(bc/ac)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 19.9987718079 degrees\n",
-        "power factor= 0.984809614116\n",
-        "armature current= 8.01997824686 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.20, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "xs=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=800.0#kW\n",
-      "e=2500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ep=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "i2=solve(((i1*xs+r*i2)**2+(vp+i1*r-xs*i2)**2)-ep**2,i2)\n",
-      "i=math.sqrt(i1**2+i2[0]**2)\n",
-      "pf=i1/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line currrent=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line currrent= 241.492937915 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.956301702525\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 152
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.21, Page Number:1516"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=650#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "power=inpt*1000+ex_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt*1000-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/power\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power=\",power,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 13.0516151762 A\n",
-        "power= 8110.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.6693343026 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 156
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.22, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "inpt=800#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ip=ia/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=ip*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+iazs**2-(2*v*iazs*(-1)*pf))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(iazs*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 4972.19098879 V\n",
-        "rotor angle= 17.0098509277 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.23, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=75#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "r=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.925\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)-phi\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "ns=120*50/40\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eb,\"eb\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 235.683320812 eb\n",
-        "mechanical power= 79437.5456538 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.24, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "zs=x=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "i2=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iazs=i*zs\n",
-      "xs=math.sqrt(x**2-r**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "iazs2=i2*zs\n",
-      "phi=theta-math.acos(vp**2-vp**2+iazs2**2/(2*vp*iazs2))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "input_m=math.sqrt(3)*v*i2*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ns=120*50/6\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque developed=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque developed= 310.739709828 N-m\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.912650996943\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 161
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.25, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "xs=10#W/phase\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+zs**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"minimum current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"inducedemf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "minimum current= 12.6677441416 A\n",
-        "inducedemf= 263.401798584 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.26, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=37.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=ia*abs(zs)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(zs.imag/zs.real)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(math.sin(theta+phi)*er/eb)\n",
-      "pm=3*eb*vp*math.sin(alpha)/abs(zs)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 495.407915636 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power developed= 44844.4875189 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 206
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.27, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "xs=20.0#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500.0#kW\n",
-      "phi2=Symbol('phi2')\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "er=ia*xs\n",
-      "zs=xs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(inpt2*1000*zs/(3*eb*vp))\n",
-      "#vp/eb=cos(alpha+phi2)/cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#solving we get\n",
-      "phi2=math.radians(19.39)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power factor= 0.943280616635\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 228
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.28, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "x=4#ohms/phase\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohms/phase\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "loss=2#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(complex(r,x))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2)\n",
-      "pm=3*pm_max\n",
-      "output=pm-loss*1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum power output= 51.3898913442 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.29, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=10#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "eb=1600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=x/z\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*v/z)-(eb**2*pf/zs)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "tg_max=9.55*pm_max/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total torque=\",tg_max,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total torque= 5505.51976175 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.30, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variabke declaration\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "x=3#ohm/phase\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=ia*x\n",
-      "sinphi=(eb**2-vp**2-zs**2)/(2*zs*vp)\n",
-      "phi=math.asin(sinphi)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "pi=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf/1000\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pi*1000/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",pi,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power input= 669.029147347 kW\n",
-        "power factor= 0.965660395791\n",
-        "torque= 4259.48557144 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 234
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.31, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "e=3800#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=theta\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(vp**2+eb**2-(2*vp*eb*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "pm_max=((eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total mechanical power=\",pm_max,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total mechanical power= 604356.888001 W\n",
-        "current= 151.417346198 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.857248980398\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 235
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.32, Page Number:1521"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=415#V\n",
-      "e=520#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,4)\n",
-      "loss=1000#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+e**2-(2*v*e*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "i=er/zs\n",
-      "il=math.sqrt(3)*i\n",
-      "pm_max=((e*v/zs)-(e**2*z.real/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "output=pm_max-loss\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*z.real\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*il*v)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output= 134.640174346 kW\n",
-        "line current= 268.015478962 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.890508620247\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.4816159071 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.33, Page Number:1524"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*efficiency*pf)\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*il**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf= 494.75258624 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power= 39.6138268735 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.34, Page Number:1525"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=48#kW\n",
-      "v=693#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ratio=0.3\n",
-      "x=2#W/phase\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(float(\"inf\"))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta-phi)))\n",
-      "i_cosphi=pf*il\n",
-      "bc=i_cosphi*x\n",
-      "eb=eb+(ratio*eb)\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "i2=i_cosphi/pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 46.3871111945 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.862084919821\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.35, Page Number:1526"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kW\n",
-      "inpt=240.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "total_load=inpt+load\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "kVAR=total_load*math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "#factory load\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "kVAR=inpt*math.tan(phil)\n",
-      "kVA=inpt/pf\n",
-      "kVAR1=total_load*math.sin(phil)\n",
-      "lead_kVAR=kVAR1-kVAR\n",
-      "#synchronous motor\n",
-      "phim=math.atan(lead_kVAR/load)\n",
-      "motorpf=math.cos(phim)\n",
-      "motorkVA=math.sqrt(load**2+lead_kVAR**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"leading kVAR supplied by the motor=\",motorkVA\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "leading kVAR supplied by the motor= 60.0\n",
-        "pf= 0.8\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_zQEL5I0.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_zQEL5I0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 90e078d2..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_zQEL5I0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1739 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:4fa0d818a53ec5608949c7725a11f84c78952680d73d506e4179ac596da192fb"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 38: Synchronous Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.1, Page Number:1495"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=75#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.95\n",
-      "xs=2.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/4\n",
-      "pm=p*1000/loss\n",
-      "ia=pm/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vol_phase=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power= 78947.3684211 W\n",
-        "armature current= 129.489444346 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.2, Page Number:1498"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=20\n",
-      "vl=693#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "lag=0.5#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#lag=0.5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "print \"displacement:0.5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#lag=5\n",
-      "lag=5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"displacement:5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "displacement:0.5%\n",
-        "alpha= 5.0 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (3.4871338335-0.152251551219j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 4189.63221768 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "displacement:5%\n",
-        "alpha= 50 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (30.6497244054-14.2922012106j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 40591.222447 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.3, Page Number:1499"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V/ph\n",
-      "i=32.0#A/ph\n",
-      "xs=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xs)**2)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xs)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 512.249938995 V\n",
-        "delta= 38.6598082541 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.4, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=150#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "xd=32#ohm\n",
-      "xq=20#ohm\n",
-      "alpha=16#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=2*vp\n",
-      "ex_power=eb*vp*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/xd\n",
-      "rel_power=(vp**2*(xd-xq)*math.sin(math.radians(2*alpha)))/(2*xd*xq)\n",
-      "pm=3*(ex_power+rel_power)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1121.29686485 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.5, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "P=1.5#MW\n",
-      "phi=3.0\n",
-      "xd=4.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "xq=3.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "sin_phi=0\n",
-      "cos_phi=1\n",
-      "phi=0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v1=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=P*math.pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(3)*v*cos_phi)\n",
-      "tan_sigma=(v1*sin_phi-ia*xq)/(v1*cos_phi)\n",
-      "sigma=math.atan(tan_sigma)\n",
-      "alpha=phi-sigma\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(sigma)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(sigma)\n",
-      "eb=v1*math.cos(alpha)-i_d*xd\n",
-      "#eb=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)\n",
-      "#dPm/d(alpha)=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)=0\n",
-      "ans=solve([(604.0*x**2+1029.0*x-302.0)],[x])\n",
-      "alpha2=math.acos(math.radians(ans[1][0]))\n",
-      "Pm=1029*math.sin(alpha2)+151*math.sin(alpha2)\n",
-      "max_P=Pm*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop=\",round(max_P),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop= 3540.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.6, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=30#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*3\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "z_drop=ia*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt((vp**2+z_drop**2-(2*vp*z_drop*math.cos(theta+phi))))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power supplied=\",p2/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"KW\"\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "    "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power supplied= 914.522826396 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 903.722826396 KW\n",
-        "induced emf= 13039.2734763 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.7, Page Number:1507"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "pf=1\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xq)**2)+((xd-xq)*14.8)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xq)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 502.648089715 V\n",
-        "delta= 27.4744316263 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.8, Page Number:1508"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=800#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output*1000+loss+ex_loss\n",
-      "ia=(v*pf-math.sqrt(v**2*pf**2-4*r*pm))/(2*r)\n",
-      "m_input=loss*ia*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/m_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commercial efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commercial efficiency= 82.1029269497 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.9, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "il=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x//r)\n",
-      "v=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"volt/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Eb= 1708.04482042 volt/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.10, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "vl=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "il=50#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#0.8 lagging\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi-theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 lag: Eb=\",eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#0.8 leading\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 leading:Eb=\",eb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.8 lag: Eb= 5651.1180113\n",
-        "0.8 leading:Eb= 7705.24623679\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.11, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)-phi)))\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=1: Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lag:Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lead:Eb=\",eb3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf=1: Eb= 107.703296143 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lag:Eb= 82.4621125124 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lead:Eb= 128.062484749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.12, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "r=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=40#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ra=ia*r\n",
-      "xa=ia*x\n",
-      "za=math.sqrt(ra**2+xa**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(vp**2+za**2-(2*vp*za*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "alpha1=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta)/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta-phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta-phi)/eb2)\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta+phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha3=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"at pf=1\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb1*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 lagging\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 leading\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha3),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "at pf=1\n",
-        "Eb= 11283.8105339 V\n",
-        "alpha= 18.7256601694 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 lagging\n",
-        "Eb= 8990.39249633 V\n",
-        "alpha= 10.0142654731 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 leading\n",
-        "Eb= 13283.8907748 V\n",
-        "alpha= 7.71356041367 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.14, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,0.866)\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "output=6000#W\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z.real\n",
-      "motor_intake=output+loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(motor_intake/(v*i))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)*i\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)-phi)))\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "lag:eb= 154.286783862 V\n",
-        "lag:eb= 213.765547573 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.15, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,6)\n",
-      "lag=3#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=lag*8/2\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(eb**2+eb**2-(2*eb*eb*(math.cos(math.radians(alpha)))))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=theta-(math.asin(eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/er))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "total_input=3*eb*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=total_input-cu_loss\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*eb/zs)-(eb**2*z.real/(zs**2))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power of the motor=\",pm/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power of motor=\",pm_max/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 44.1583059199 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.99927231631\n",
-        "power of the motor= 165.803353329 kW\n",
-        "max power of motor= 250.446734776 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 72
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.16, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250#V\n",
-      "lead=150#degrees\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "x=2.5#times resistance\n",
-      "alpha=lead/3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+eb**2-(2*v*eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha))))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x)\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"pf at which the motor is operating=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf at which the motor is operating= 0.928476690885\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.17, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=900#kW\n",
-      "e=8900#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "icos=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "bc=r*icos\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "i=icos/math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 149.188331836 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 82
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.18, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ia1zs=ia1*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(va**2+ia1zs**2-(2*va*ia1zs*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "ia2cosphi2=inpt2*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "cosphi2=x*ia2cosphi2\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-cosphi2*2)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(ac/cosphi2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.atan(cosphi2/ac)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"new power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power angle= 25.8661450552 degrees\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.436270181217\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.19, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=5472#W\n",
-      "x=10#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iacosphi=inpt/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=iacosphi*zs\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(va**2-iazs**2)\n",
-      "oc=va-ac\n",
-      "bc=iazs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/iazs)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "ia=iacosphi/pf\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(bc/ac)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 19.9987718079 degrees\n",
-        "power factor= 0.984809614116\n",
-        "armature current= 8.01997824686 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.20, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "xs=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=800.0#kW\n",
-      "e=2500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ep=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "i2=solve(((i1*xs+r*i2)**2+(vp+i1*r-xs*i2)**2)-ep**2,i2)\n",
-      "i=math.sqrt(i1**2+i2[0]**2)\n",
-      "pf=i1/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line currrent=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line currrent= 241.492937915 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.956301702525\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 152
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.21, Page Number:1516"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=650#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "power=inpt*1000+ex_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt*1000-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/power\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power=\",power,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 13.0516151762 A\n",
-        "power= 8110.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.6693343026 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 156
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.22, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "inpt=800#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ip=ia/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=ip*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+iazs**2-(2*v*iazs*(-1)*pf))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(iazs*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 4972.19098879 V\n",
-        "rotor angle= 17.0098509277 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.23, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=75#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "r=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.925\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)-phi\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "ns=120*50/40\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eb,\"eb\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 235.683320812 eb\n",
-        "mechanical power= 79437.5456538 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.24, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "zs=x=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "i2=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iazs=i*zs\n",
-      "xs=math.sqrt(x**2-r**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "iazs2=i2*zs\n",
-      "phi=theta-math.acos(vp**2-vp**2+iazs2**2/(2*vp*iazs2))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "input_m=math.sqrt(3)*v*i2*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ns=120*50/6\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque developed=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque developed= 310.739709828 N-m\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.912650996943\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 161
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.25, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "xs=10#W/phase\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+zs**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"minimum current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"inducedemf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "minimum current= 12.6677441416 A\n",
-        "inducedemf= 263.401798584 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.26, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=37.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=ia*abs(zs)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(zs.imag/zs.real)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(math.sin(theta+phi)*er/eb)\n",
-      "pm=3*eb*vp*math.sin(alpha)/abs(zs)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 495.407915636 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power developed= 44844.4875189 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 206
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.27, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "xs=20.0#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500.0#kW\n",
-      "phi2=Symbol('phi2')\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "er=ia*xs\n",
-      "zs=xs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(inpt2*1000*zs/(3*eb*vp))\n",
-      "#vp/eb=cos(alpha+phi2)/cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#solving we get\n",
-      "phi2=math.radians(19.39)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power factor= 0.943280616635\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 228
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.28, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "x=4#ohms/phase\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohms/phase\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "loss=2#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(complex(r,x))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2)\n",
-      "pm=3*pm_max\n",
-      "output=pm-loss*1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum power output= 51.3898913442 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.29, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=10#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "eb=1600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=x/z\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*v/z)-(eb**2*pf/zs)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "tg_max=9.55*pm_max/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total torque=\",tg_max,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total torque= 5505.51976175 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.30, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variabke declaration\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "x=3#ohm/phase\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=ia*x\n",
-      "sinphi=(eb**2-vp**2-zs**2)/(2*zs*vp)\n",
-      "phi=math.asin(sinphi)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "pi=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf/1000\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pi*1000/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",pi,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power input= 669.029147347 kW\n",
-        "power factor= 0.965660395791\n",
-        "torque= 4259.48557144 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 234
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.31, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "e=3800#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=theta\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(vp**2+eb**2-(2*vp*eb*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "pm_max=((eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total mechanical power=\",pm_max,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total mechanical power= 604356.888001 W\n",
-        "current= 151.417346198 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.857248980398\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 235
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.32, Page Number:1521"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=415#V\n",
-      "e=520#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,4)\n",
-      "loss=1000#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+e**2-(2*v*e*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "i=er/zs\n",
-      "il=math.sqrt(3)*i\n",
-      "pm_max=((e*v/zs)-(e**2*z.real/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "output=pm_max-loss\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*z.real\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*il*v)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output= 134.640174346 kW\n",
-        "line current= 268.015478962 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.890508620247\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.4816159071 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.33, Page Number:1524"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*efficiency*pf)\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*il**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf= 494.75258624 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power= 39.6138268735 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.34, Page Number:1525"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=48#kW\n",
-      "v=693#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ratio=0.3\n",
-      "x=2#W/phase\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(float(\"inf\"))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta-phi)))\n",
-      "i_cosphi=pf*il\n",
-      "bc=i_cosphi*x\n",
-      "eb=eb+(ratio*eb)\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "i2=i_cosphi/pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 46.3871111945 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.862084919821\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.35, Page Number:1526"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kW\n",
-      "inpt=240.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "total_load=inpt+load\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "kVAR=total_load*math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "#factory load\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "kVAR=inpt*math.tan(phil)\n",
-      "kVA=inpt/pf\n",
-      "kVAR1=total_load*math.sin(phil)\n",
-      "lead_kVAR=kVAR1-kVAR\n",
-      "#synchronous motor\n",
-      "phim=math.atan(lead_kVAR/load)\n",
-      "motorpf=math.cos(phim)\n",
-      "motorkVA=math.sqrt(load**2+lead_kVAR**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"leading kVAR supplied by the motor=\",motorkVA\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "leading kVAR supplied by the motor= 60.0\n",
-        "pf= 0.8\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_zkr9kKy.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_zkr9kKy.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 90e078d2..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_zkr9kKy.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1739 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:4fa0d818a53ec5608949c7725a11f84c78952680d73d506e4179ac596da192fb"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 38: Synchronous Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.1, Page Number:1495"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=75#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.95\n",
-      "xs=2.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/4\n",
-      "pm=p*1000/loss\n",
-      "ia=pm/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vol_phase=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power= 78947.3684211 W\n",
-        "armature current= 129.489444346 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.2, Page Number:1498"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=20\n",
-      "vl=693#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "lag=0.5#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#lag=0.5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "print \"displacement:0.5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#lag=5\n",
-      "lag=5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"displacement:5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "displacement:0.5%\n",
-        "alpha= 5.0 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (3.4871338335-0.152251551219j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 4189.63221768 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "displacement:5%\n",
-        "alpha= 50 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (30.6497244054-14.2922012106j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 40591.222447 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.3, Page Number:1499"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V/ph\n",
-      "i=32.0#A/ph\n",
-      "xs=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xs)**2)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xs)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 512.249938995 V\n",
-        "delta= 38.6598082541 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.4, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=150#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "xd=32#ohm\n",
-      "xq=20#ohm\n",
-      "alpha=16#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=2*vp\n",
-      "ex_power=eb*vp*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/xd\n",
-      "rel_power=(vp**2*(xd-xq)*math.sin(math.radians(2*alpha)))/(2*xd*xq)\n",
-      "pm=3*(ex_power+rel_power)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1121.29686485 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.5, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "P=1.5#MW\n",
-      "phi=3.0\n",
-      "xd=4.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "xq=3.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "sin_phi=0\n",
-      "cos_phi=1\n",
-      "phi=0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v1=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=P*math.pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(3)*v*cos_phi)\n",
-      "tan_sigma=(v1*sin_phi-ia*xq)/(v1*cos_phi)\n",
-      "sigma=math.atan(tan_sigma)\n",
-      "alpha=phi-sigma\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(sigma)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(sigma)\n",
-      "eb=v1*math.cos(alpha)-i_d*xd\n",
-      "#eb=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)\n",
-      "#dPm/d(alpha)=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)=0\n",
-      "ans=solve([(604.0*x**2+1029.0*x-302.0)],[x])\n",
-      "alpha2=math.acos(math.radians(ans[1][0]))\n",
-      "Pm=1029*math.sin(alpha2)+151*math.sin(alpha2)\n",
-      "max_P=Pm*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop=\",round(max_P),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop= 3540.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.6, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=30#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*3\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "z_drop=ia*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt((vp**2+z_drop**2-(2*vp*z_drop*math.cos(theta+phi))))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power supplied=\",p2/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"KW\"\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "    "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power supplied= 914.522826396 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 903.722826396 KW\n",
-        "induced emf= 13039.2734763 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.7, Page Number:1507"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "pf=1\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xq)**2)+((xd-xq)*14.8)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xq)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 502.648089715 V\n",
-        "delta= 27.4744316263 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.8, Page Number:1508"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=800#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output*1000+loss+ex_loss\n",
-      "ia=(v*pf-math.sqrt(v**2*pf**2-4*r*pm))/(2*r)\n",
-      "m_input=loss*ia*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/m_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commercial efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commercial efficiency= 82.1029269497 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.9, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "il=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x//r)\n",
-      "v=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"volt/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Eb= 1708.04482042 volt/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.10, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "vl=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "il=50#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#0.8 lagging\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi-theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 lag: Eb=\",eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#0.8 leading\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 leading:Eb=\",eb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.8 lag: Eb= 5651.1180113\n",
-        "0.8 leading:Eb= 7705.24623679\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.11, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)-phi)))\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=1: Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lag:Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lead:Eb=\",eb3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf=1: Eb= 107.703296143 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lag:Eb= 82.4621125124 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lead:Eb= 128.062484749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.12, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "r=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=40#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ra=ia*r\n",
-      "xa=ia*x\n",
-      "za=math.sqrt(ra**2+xa**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(vp**2+za**2-(2*vp*za*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "alpha1=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta)/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta-phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta-phi)/eb2)\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta+phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha3=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"at pf=1\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb1*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 lagging\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 leading\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha3),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "at pf=1\n",
-        "Eb= 11283.8105339 V\n",
-        "alpha= 18.7256601694 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 lagging\n",
-        "Eb= 8990.39249633 V\n",
-        "alpha= 10.0142654731 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 leading\n",
-        "Eb= 13283.8907748 V\n",
-        "alpha= 7.71356041367 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.14, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,0.866)\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "output=6000#W\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z.real\n",
-      "motor_intake=output+loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(motor_intake/(v*i))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)*i\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)-phi)))\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "lag:eb= 154.286783862 V\n",
-        "lag:eb= 213.765547573 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.15, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,6)\n",
-      "lag=3#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=lag*8/2\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(eb**2+eb**2-(2*eb*eb*(math.cos(math.radians(alpha)))))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=theta-(math.asin(eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/er))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "total_input=3*eb*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=total_input-cu_loss\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*eb/zs)-(eb**2*z.real/(zs**2))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power of the motor=\",pm/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power of motor=\",pm_max/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 44.1583059199 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.99927231631\n",
-        "power of the motor= 165.803353329 kW\n",
-        "max power of motor= 250.446734776 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 72
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.16, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250#V\n",
-      "lead=150#degrees\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "x=2.5#times resistance\n",
-      "alpha=lead/3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+eb**2-(2*v*eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha))))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x)\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"pf at which the motor is operating=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf at which the motor is operating= 0.928476690885\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.17, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=900#kW\n",
-      "e=8900#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "icos=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "bc=r*icos\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "i=icos/math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 149.188331836 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 82
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.18, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ia1zs=ia1*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(va**2+ia1zs**2-(2*va*ia1zs*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "ia2cosphi2=inpt2*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "cosphi2=x*ia2cosphi2\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-cosphi2*2)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(ac/cosphi2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.atan(cosphi2/ac)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"new power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power angle= 25.8661450552 degrees\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.436270181217\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.19, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=5472#W\n",
-      "x=10#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iacosphi=inpt/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=iacosphi*zs\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(va**2-iazs**2)\n",
-      "oc=va-ac\n",
-      "bc=iazs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/iazs)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "ia=iacosphi/pf\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(bc/ac)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 19.9987718079 degrees\n",
-        "power factor= 0.984809614116\n",
-        "armature current= 8.01997824686 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.20, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "xs=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=800.0#kW\n",
-      "e=2500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ep=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "i2=solve(((i1*xs+r*i2)**2+(vp+i1*r-xs*i2)**2)-ep**2,i2)\n",
-      "i=math.sqrt(i1**2+i2[0]**2)\n",
-      "pf=i1/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line currrent=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line currrent= 241.492937915 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.956301702525\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 152
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.21, Page Number:1516"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=650#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "power=inpt*1000+ex_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt*1000-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/power\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power=\",power,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 13.0516151762 A\n",
-        "power= 8110.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.6693343026 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 156
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.22, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "inpt=800#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ip=ia/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=ip*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+iazs**2-(2*v*iazs*(-1)*pf))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(iazs*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 4972.19098879 V\n",
-        "rotor angle= 17.0098509277 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.23, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=75#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "r=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.925\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)-phi\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "ns=120*50/40\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eb,\"eb\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 235.683320812 eb\n",
-        "mechanical power= 79437.5456538 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.24, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "zs=x=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "i2=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iazs=i*zs\n",
-      "xs=math.sqrt(x**2-r**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "iazs2=i2*zs\n",
-      "phi=theta-math.acos(vp**2-vp**2+iazs2**2/(2*vp*iazs2))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "input_m=math.sqrt(3)*v*i2*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ns=120*50/6\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque developed=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque developed= 310.739709828 N-m\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.912650996943\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 161
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.25, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "xs=10#W/phase\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+zs**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"minimum current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"inducedemf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "minimum current= 12.6677441416 A\n",
-        "inducedemf= 263.401798584 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.26, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=37.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=ia*abs(zs)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(zs.imag/zs.real)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(math.sin(theta+phi)*er/eb)\n",
-      "pm=3*eb*vp*math.sin(alpha)/abs(zs)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 495.407915636 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power developed= 44844.4875189 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 206
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.27, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "xs=20.0#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500.0#kW\n",
-      "phi2=Symbol('phi2')\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "er=ia*xs\n",
-      "zs=xs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(inpt2*1000*zs/(3*eb*vp))\n",
-      "#vp/eb=cos(alpha+phi2)/cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#solving we get\n",
-      "phi2=math.radians(19.39)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power factor= 0.943280616635\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 228
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.28, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "x=4#ohms/phase\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohms/phase\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "loss=2#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(complex(r,x))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2)\n",
-      "pm=3*pm_max\n",
-      "output=pm-loss*1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum power output= 51.3898913442 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.29, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=10#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "eb=1600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=x/z\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*v/z)-(eb**2*pf/zs)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "tg_max=9.55*pm_max/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total torque=\",tg_max,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total torque= 5505.51976175 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.30, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variabke declaration\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "x=3#ohm/phase\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=ia*x\n",
-      "sinphi=(eb**2-vp**2-zs**2)/(2*zs*vp)\n",
-      "phi=math.asin(sinphi)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "pi=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf/1000\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pi*1000/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",pi,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power input= 669.029147347 kW\n",
-        "power factor= 0.965660395791\n",
-        "torque= 4259.48557144 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 234
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.31, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "e=3800#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=theta\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(vp**2+eb**2-(2*vp*eb*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "pm_max=((eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total mechanical power=\",pm_max,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total mechanical power= 604356.888001 W\n",
-        "current= 151.417346198 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.857248980398\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 235
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.32, Page Number:1521"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=415#V\n",
-      "e=520#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,4)\n",
-      "loss=1000#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+e**2-(2*v*e*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "i=er/zs\n",
-      "il=math.sqrt(3)*i\n",
-      "pm_max=((e*v/zs)-(e**2*z.real/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "output=pm_max-loss\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*z.real\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*il*v)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output= 134.640174346 kW\n",
-        "line current= 268.015478962 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.890508620247\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.4816159071 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.33, Page Number:1524"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*efficiency*pf)\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*il**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf= 494.75258624 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power= 39.6138268735 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.34, Page Number:1525"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=48#kW\n",
-      "v=693#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ratio=0.3\n",
-      "x=2#W/phase\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(float(\"inf\"))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta-phi)))\n",
-      "i_cosphi=pf*il\n",
-      "bc=i_cosphi*x\n",
-      "eb=eb+(ratio*eb)\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "i2=i_cosphi/pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 46.3871111945 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.862084919821\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.35, Page Number:1526"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kW\n",
-      "inpt=240.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "total_load=inpt+load\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "kVAR=total_load*math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "#factory load\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "kVAR=inpt*math.tan(phil)\n",
-      "kVA=inpt/pf\n",
-      "kVAR1=total_load*math.sin(phil)\n",
-      "lead_kVAR=kVAR1-kVAR\n",
-      "#synchronous motor\n",
-      "phim=math.atan(lead_kVAR/load)\n",
-      "motorpf=math.cos(phim)\n",
-      "motorkVA=math.sqrt(load**2+lead_kVAR**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"leading kVAR supplied by the motor=\",motorkVA\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "leading kVAR supplied by the motor= 60.0\n",
-        "pf= 0.8\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_DGhuTd1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap.ipynb
index feb75575..feb75575 100644
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A._K._Theraja,_B.L_Thereja/c_DGhuTd1.ipynb
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_2xS3kzU.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_2xS3kzU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99cfc3c1..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_2xS3kzU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1258 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:add10f49c90b647cf79b01d40fd4e1ca71068a8e9a13aad0c70f06cfeaabeda4"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 35: Computations and Circle Diagrams"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.1, Page Number:1316"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "p=450#W\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "loss=135#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*r\n",
-      "core_loss=p-loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "volt=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "g=core_loss/(3*(v/math.sqrt(3))**2)\n",
-      "y=i*math.sqrt(3)/v\n",
-      "b=math.sqrt(y**2-g**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"exciting conductance=\",g,\"seimens/phase\"\n",
-      "print \"susceptance/phase=\",b,\"seimens/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "exciting conductance= 0.0247933884298 seimens/phase\n",
-        "susceptance/phase= 0.155494939853 seimens/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.2, Page Number:1317"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110.0#V\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "v2=30.0#V\n",
-      "inpt=440.0#W\n",
-      "loss=40.0#W\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=vs/i\n",
-      "losses=inpt-loss\n",
-      "r01=losses/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "dc_r=r/2.0\n",
-      "ac_r=dc_r*ratio\n",
-      "effective_r=r01-ac_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r1=\",ac_r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",effective_r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "x01= 0.659157711696 ohm\n",
-        "r1= 0.08 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.133333333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.10, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=1/4.0\n",
-      "slip=3.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=math.sqrt(ratio/((ratio2**2)*0.01*slip))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Percentage Tapping=\",K*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Percentage Tapping= 72.1687836487 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.11, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "n=950#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=v1/math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "If=6*v*i/v1\n",
-      "K=v/v1\n",
-      "kisc=K**2*6*i\n",
-      "ts_tf=(1/6.0)*6**2*(f/1000.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)current=\",If,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)line current=\",kisc,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)percentage=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)voltage= 298.142397 V\n",
-        "b)current= 134.16407865 A\n",
-        "c)line current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "d)percentage= 30.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.12, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=5.0\n",
-      "per=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(ratio/3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(3.0/5)*5**2*0.01*per*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",tst_tf,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 75.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.13, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "per=3.5\n",
-      "v2=92.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(2/(v/v2))\n",
-      "ts_tf=k**2*(v/v2)**2*0.01*per\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 30.4347826087 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.14, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=12.0#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i=45.0#A\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "if_=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*pf*v)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/if_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 2.244\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.15, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=60.0#A\n",
-      "n1=940.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=150.0#N-m\n",
-      "i2=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=(1000-n1)/1000\n",
-      "tst=t*(i2/i)**2*sf\n",
-      "s_i=i2/3\n",
-      "sd_tst=tst/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print\"when star/delta is used:\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",s_i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",sd_tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Starting torque= 225.0 N-m\n",
-        "when star/delta is used:\n",
-        "starting current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 75.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.16, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "tapping=70.7\n",
-      "ratio=6.0\n",
-      "slip=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tst_tf=(1.0/3.0)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "tst_tf2=(1.0/2)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star-delta switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformer switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "star-delta switch:starting torque= 48.0 %\n",
-        "auto-transformer switch:starting torque= 72.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.17, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11.2#W\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=960.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=86.4#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*pf*math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "iph=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(ist*math.sqrt(3)/il)**2*0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting torque= 26.6369577796 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.18, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "iscp=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=iscp/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 1.23388000387\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.19, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.73*1000#W\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=4.5\n",
-      "t=250.0\n",
-      "i=650.0\n",
-      "tap=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=i/3\n",
-      "im=i/3\n",
-      "tst=t/3\n",
-      "ilm=(tap/100)**2*i\n",
-      "imk=(tap/100)*i\n",
-      "tstk=(tap/100)**2*t\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star/delta:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",im,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"60% taps:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ilm,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",imk,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tstk,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " star/delta:\n",
-        "line current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "motor current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 83.3333333333 %\n",
-        "60% taps:\n",
-        "line current= 234.0 %\n",
-        "motor current= 390.0 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.20, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=180.0\n",
-      "flt=35.0\n",
-      "tap=75.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=load*3.0/100\n",
-      "isck=tap**2*isc/100\n",
-      "sf=flt*3\n",
-      "tst_tf=tap**2*sf/100\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",isck,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf/100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 303.75 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 59.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.21, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=7.46#kW\n",
-      "ic=1.7\n",
-      "t=35.0\n",
-      "ratio=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=t*3/100\n",
-      "il1=ic*3\n",
-      "tst=(ratio/1000)**2*sf*10000\n",
-      "il2=(ratio/100)*3*ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"auto-starter:\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current=\",il1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage decreased to 60%\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current\",il2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-starter:\n",
-        "line-current= 5.1 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n",
-        "voltage decreased to 60%\n",
-        "line-current 3.06 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.22, Page Number:1342"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slip=2.0\n",
-      "r=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=6.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "smax=r2=slip/100.0\n",
-      "R1=r2/smax\n",
-      "K=math.pow(smax,1.0/5)\n",
-      "R2=K*R1\n",
-      "R3=K*R2\n",
-      "R4=K*R3\n",
-      "R5=K*R4\n",
-      "p1=R1-R2\n",
-      "p2=R2-R3\n",
-      "p3=R3-R4\n",
-      "p4=R4-R5\n",
-      "p5=R5-r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistances of various starter sections:\"\n",
-      "print \"p1=\",p1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p2=\",p2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p3=\",p3,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p4=\",p4,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p5=\",p5,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistances of various starter sections:\n",
-        "p1= 0.542694948073 ohm\n",
-        "p2= 0.248177141409 ohm\n",
-        "p3= 0.113492660539 ohm\n",
-        "p4= 0.0519007670213 ohm\n",
-        "p5= 0.0237344829577 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.23, Page Number:1345"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "primary=complex(1,3)\n",
-      "outer=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.6,5)\n",
-      "s=4\n",
-      "outer2=complex(3/(s*0.01),1)\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.6/(s*0.01),5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer)+(1/inner))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=4\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer2)+(1/inner2))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=4: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1: torque= 35065.3642462 synch watt\n",
-        "s=4: torque= 32129.9449695 synch watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.24, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.4,2)\n",
-      "outer=complex(2,0.4)\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.4/(s*0.01),2)\n",
-      "outer2=complex(2/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer)\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner.imag/outer.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zo/zi)**2\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=1:\",to_ti\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=5\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner2)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer2)\n",
-      "print zi\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner2.imag/outer2.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zi/zo)**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=5:\",to_ti"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=1: 5.0\n",
-        "8.24621125124\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=5: 0.212478752125\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.25, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05,0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5,0.1)\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.01\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5/(s*0.01),0.1)\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=5:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 22307.6923077 synch watts\n",
-        "s=5:torque= 9620.58966517 synch watts\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.26, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=Symbol('s')\n",
-      "z2=complex(2,1.2)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0.5,3.5)\n",
-      "#Z1=((2/s)^2+1.2^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#Z2=((0.5/s)^2+3.5^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#T1=T2\n",
-      "ans=solve([(((2**2)/(s**2))+1.2**2)-((((0.5**2)/(s**2))+3.5**2)*4)],[s])\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",round(ans[1][0]*100,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 25.1 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.27, Page Number:1347"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zo=complex(1,0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.15,3)\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "stator=complex(0.25,3.5)\n",
-      "z01=z2+stator\n",
-      "i=complex(v,0)/z01\n",
-      "i=abs(i)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z01.real\n",
-      "T=cu_loss*3/(2*math.pi*(n/60))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",T,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 135.560320318 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.28, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z1=complex(1,2.8)\n",
-      "zo=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5,5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.04\n",
-      "zo=complex(3.0/s,1.0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5/s,5.0)\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=4:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 12388.3258184 synch. watt\n",
-        "s=4:torque= 11489.1141244 synch. watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.29, Page Number:1351"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1440.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1320.0#rpm\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/4.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n1)/ns\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.6 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.30, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "s1=s\n",
-      "n1=ns*(1-s1)\n",
-      "n2=n1-10*n1/100\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.646666666667 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.31, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/6\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f_=sa*f\n",
-      "n_=(120*f_)/4\n",
-      "sb=(n_-n)/n_\n",
-      "f__=sb*f_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resu;t\n",
-      "print \"f_=\",f_,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"f_ _=\",f__,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "f_= 20.6 Hz\n",
-        "f_ _= 1.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.32, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f2=1.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "s=f2/f\n",
-      "n=nsc-s*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/4\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f1=sa*f\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "sb=(n2-n)/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 60.8 %\n",
-        "sb= 3.28947368421 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.33, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=74.6#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 29.84 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 79
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.34, Page Number:1355"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 10 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_38fwENU.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_38fwENU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ce13ea95..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_38fwENU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:072a977ff7e7f41108f647b699866e16f58bf91b148a03cefc5a07bc1eeda05b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 30:Speed Control of D.C. Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.1, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "n=250#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "ra=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "ia2=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 320.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.2, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 828.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=80.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "r1=(n2*eb1*v)/(n*eb2*ish1)\n",
-      "r=r1-rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/r1\n",
-      "torque_ratio=ish2*ia2/(ish1*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torque=\",torque_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 68.9506880734 ohm\n",
-        "ratio of torque= 1.25411235955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/(rf+r)\n",
-      "ia2=ia*1/ish2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ish2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"new armature current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 2939.0 rpm\n",
-        "new armature current= 40.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.5, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rt=Symbol('rt')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=solve(((n2*eb1*(v/rt))/(n*(v-(ia*ra/(v/rt)))))-1,rt)\n",
-      "r=rt[0]-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 88.3128987990058 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.6, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=1+0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "x=solve((ratio*eb1/((v-ia*ra*x)*x))-1,x)\n",
-      "per=1-1/x[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"main flux has to be reduced by=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "main flux has to be reduced by= 37.2991677469778 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.7, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=10#kW\n",
-      "i=41#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rw=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio1=1-0.50\n",
-      "n=2500\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ratio1*ia1/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*(ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"motor speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 26.0 A\n",
-        "motor speed= 2987.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.8, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "n=850#rpm\n",
-      "ia=72.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "n2=1650#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=40#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ratio=(n*eb2)/(n2*eb1)\n",
-      "per=1-ratio\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 46.5636857585 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.9, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ia2=solve((((v-ra*ia2)*ia2)/(eb1*ratio*ia))-1,ia2)\n",
-      "per=ia/ia2[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mail flux should be reduced by=\",round(per,4)*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mail flux should be reduced by= 62.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.10, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=ratio*(v-ia*ra)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in the series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in the series= 5.25 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.11, Page Number:1036"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-i_f)*ra\n",
-      "kpsi=eb0/1000\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n1=eb1/kpsi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n1,1),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 966.2 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.12, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "i2=20#A\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb/n\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/(ia)-ra\n",
-      "eb3=v-i2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 1.15 ohm\n",
-        "speed= 922.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.13, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.48#kW\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=990#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2#A\n",
-      "n2=450#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "losses=input_p-load*1000\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "loss_nl=losses-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "eb1=v-20-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb1/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "total_loss=ia**2*(r+ra)+loss+loss_nl\n",
-      "output=input_p-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor input=\",input_p/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor input= 8.5 kW\n",
-        "armature current= 36.6363636364 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.93403113016 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 41.6691237902 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.14, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb1=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=990.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in series= 4.55353535354 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 83
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.15, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k2=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "rf1=v/if1\n",
-      "rf2=v/if2\n",
-      "r=rf2-rf1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 100.0 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.16, Page Number:1039"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=22.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k1=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "if2=n2*ia/n\n",
-      "ia2=solve(v-ra*ia2-(k1*ia*if1*n2)/ia2,ia2)\n",
-      "if2=ia*if1/ia2[0]\n",
-      "r=v/if2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new field resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new field resistance to be added= 306.828780053869 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.17, Page Number:1040"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "output=25#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-if1\n",
-      "il=ratio*ia\n",
-      "r=v/il\n",
-      "r_ext=r-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",round(r_ext,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 1.341 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.18, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=17.5#A\n",
-      "n2=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",round(r,1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 4.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.19, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ra=1.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=500#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4#A\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=26#A\n",
-      "r=2.3#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2_=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "n2__=n*eb2/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%=\",round(n2__),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected= 831.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%= 978.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.20, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=ia2=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia2/2\n",
-      "n3=n*(v-ia3*rt)/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 771.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.21, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=20#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=1.0/2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at half full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 550.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at half full-load torque= 588.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 137
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.22, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=30.0#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at double full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 427.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at double full-load torque= 317.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.23, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "n=750.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=250.0#N-m\n",
-      "r=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t1=load/(2*3.14*(n/60))\n",
-      "ia1=load/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*math.sqrt(t2/t1)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia1*n/(eb1*ia2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which machine will run=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which machine will run= 381.789716486 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.24, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=7.46*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2.0#A\n",
-      "n2=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=output/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-20-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "input_m=(v)*(ia2+ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_cu_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_loss-total_cu_loss\n",
-      "stray_loss2=stray_loss*n2/n\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia1**2*rt\n",
-      "total_loss2=stray_loss2+cu_loss_f+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "output2=input_m-total_loss2\n",
-      "efficiency=output2*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"overall efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 4460.66115702 W\n",
-        "armature current= 36.5330578512 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.42352222599 ohm\n",
-        "overall efficiency= 52.619059225 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.25, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=15.0#A\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "n2=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=((v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia)-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia/2\n",
-      "eb3=v-ia3*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 615.584415584 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.26, Page Number:1045"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "inl=3.5#A\n",
-      "il=59.5#A\n",
-      "rf=267.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2.0#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.02\n",
-      "speed_ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=inl-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra-vd\n",
-      "ia2=il-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-vd\n",
-      "n1_by_n2=eb1*(1-ratio)/eb2\n",
-      "per_change=(1-1/n1_by_n2)*100\n",
-      "r=solve(eb2*speed_ratio/(eb2-ia2*r)-1,r)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"change in speed=\",per_change,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r[0],\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "change in speed= 0.83357557339 %\n",
-        "resistance to be added= 3.33092370774547 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*(n2/n)**2\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resustance that must be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resustance that must be added= 1.32708333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "i_permissible=i*ratio\n",
-      "ia_per=i_permissible-ish\n",
-      "ra_total=v/ia_per\n",
-      "r_required=ra_total-ra\n",
-      "torque=ratio*ta\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_required,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed at starting=\",torque,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "net torque= 365.403326173 N-m\n",
-        "starting resistance= 0.913513513514 ohm\n",
-        "torque developed at starting= 548.104989259 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.29, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "rf=40.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=55.0#A\n",
-      "n=595.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.58#ohm\n",
-      "n2=630.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia_=15.0#A\n",
-      "rd=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ra1=r+ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra1*ia1\n",
-      "ia2=ia1\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*(n2/n)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia1\n",
-      "eb2_=v-ia_*ra1\n",
-      "n2=eb2_*n/eb1\n",
-      "eb3=eb1\n",
-      "IR=v-eb3-ia2*ra\n",
-      "pd=v-IR\n",
-      "i_d=pd/rd\n",
-      "i=ia2+i_d\n",
-      "R=IR/i\n",
-      "I=solve(rd*(I-ia_)-v+R*I,I)\n",
-      "eb4=v-R*I[0]-ia_*ra\n",
-      "n4=n*(eb4/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature circuit resistance should be reduced by=\",ra1-r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when Ia=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"value of series resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor current falls to 15A=\",n4,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature circuit resistance should be reduced by= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "speed when Ia= 668.5 rpm\n",
-        "value of series resistance= 0.344418052257 ohm\n",
-        "speed when motor current falls to 15A= 636.922222222222 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.31, Page Number:1051"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=math.sqrt(2*2**0.5*i**2)\n",
-      "n2=n*2*i/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n",
-        "current= 25.2268924576 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.32, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=707#rpm\n",
-      "ia1=100#A\n",
-      "v=85#V\n",
-      "rf=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ra_total=ra+(2*rf)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra_total\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**0.5\n",
-      "rf=rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)*(2*ia1/ia2)\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n/n2)*eb2))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1029.46885374 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.171040764009 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.33, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "R=v/ia-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at starting=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at 1000 rpm\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added at starting= 5.7 ohm\n",
-        "resistance to be added at 1000 rpm 1.9 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.34, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=20.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**(3.0/4.0)\n",
-      "n2=n*ratio*ia1/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 33.6358566101 A\n",
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.35, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=350.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia*(n2/n)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "V=solve((n2*eb1*ia2/(n*ia))+ia2-V,V)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage=\",V[0],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " current= 35.7142857143 A\n",
-        "voltage= 433.673469387755 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.36, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=10.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.70\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "r_total=ra+rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-r_total*ia\n",
-      "n2=(eb2*n/(eb1*ratio))\n",
-      "    \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1444.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.37, Page Number:1054"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=(ratio*2*ia**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/ia2)*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 777.147765122 rpm\n",
-        "speed= 69.2820323028 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.38, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#when divertor is added\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+4*r)\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*(ra+rd)/rd)**0.5\n",
-      "ra_=rd*ra/(ra+rd)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra_\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*3/(2*ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#rearranged field coils in two series and parallel group\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*2)**0.5\n",
-      "r=ra+r\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*r\n",
-      "n2_=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/(ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when divertor was added=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when field coils are rearranged=\",n2_,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when divertor was added= 1112.87640676 rpm\n",
-        "speed when field coils are rearranged= 1275.19533144 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.39, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "rf=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=20#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-il*(ra+rf/4)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(1/(1-ratio))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1162.92198261 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.40, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=200.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rd=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=ra+rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "i2=solve(((rd+rf)*i2**2)-(v*i2)-(i**2*rd),i2)\n",
-      "pd=v-i2[1]*rf\n",
-      "ia2=((rd+rf)*i2[1]-v)/rd\n",
-      "eb2=pd-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(i/i2[1])*n\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 342.848235418389 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.41, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "r=3#ohm\n",
-      "i2=15#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-(r+ra)*i2\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)/ratio\n",
-      "power_ratio=(n*i)/(n2*i2*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of power outputs=\",power_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 1349.65437788 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of power outputs= 1.48186086214\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.42, Page Number:1057"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "I=(i**2*ratio**3)**0.5\n",
-      "eb2=I*ratio*v/i\n",
-      "R=(v-eb2)/I\n",
-      "pa=v*i/1000\n",
-      "power_n=pa*ratio**4\n",
-      "pa=eb2*I\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resistance required=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Resistance required= 7.26432660412 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.44, Page Number:1060"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "n2=550#rpm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi1=eb1/n\n",
-      "eb2=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi2=eb2/n2\n",
-      "eb_=v-i*2*r\n",
-      "n=eb_/((eb1/n2)+(eb2/n))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 248.120300752 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.45, Page Number:1061"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ratio1=5.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "t=882#N-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "k=v/(n*i/60)\n",
-      "I=(t/((ratio1+ratio2)*0.159*k))**0.5\n",
-      "nsh=v/((ratio1+ratio2)*k*I)\n",
-      "eb1=ratio1*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "eb2=ratio2*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",I,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of shaft=\",round(nsh*60),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage across the motors=\",round(eb1),\"V,\",round(eb2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 49.5202984449 A\n",
-        "speed of shaft= 134.0 rpm\n",
-        "voltage across the motors= 139.0 V, 111.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.46, Page Number:1063"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "t=700#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.008#ohm\n",
-      "rf=55#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=375#N-m\n",
-      "n2=1050#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*t/60\n",
-      "power_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "im=power_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=im-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*t2/t\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=eb2/ia2-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"dynamic break resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "dynamic break resistance= 0.795525014538 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 118
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.47, Page Number:1064"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "n=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.746\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "eb=v-I*ra\n",
-      "vt=v+eb\n",
-      "i_max=2*I\n",
-      "r=vt/i_max\n",
-      "R=r-ra\n",
-      "N=n/60\n",
-      "phizp_by_a=eb/N\n",
-      "k4=phizp_by_a*v/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "k3=phizp_by_a**2/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "tb=k4+k3*N\n",
-      "tb0=k4\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"breaking resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque=\",tb,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque when N=0 =\",tb0,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "breaking resistance= 6.1 ohm\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque= 1028.3970276 N-m\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque when N=0 = 522.360394972 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.48, Page Number:1069"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=120#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "l=20*0.001#H\n",
-      "ka=0.05#V/rpm motor constant\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vt=ia*ra\n",
-      "alpha=vt/v\n",
-      "#when alpha=1\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "N=eb/ka\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"range of speed control=\",0,\"to\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"range of duty cycle=\",(alpha),\"to\",1"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " range of speed control= 0 to 2200.0 rpm\n",
-        "range of duty cycle= 0.0833333333333 to 1\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.49, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=ratio*i\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r_start=r1-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_start,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 2.78842716711 ohm\n",
-        "back emf= 66.6666666667 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 125
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.50, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r1=v/ia\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.812 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.215 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.815 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.546 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.366 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.246 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.51, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=6\n",
-      "load=3.73#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=output-load\n",
-      "cu_loss=total_loss*ratio\n",
-      "i=output*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-i1\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss*1000/ia**2\n",
-      "i_per=i*2\n",
-      "ia_per=i_per-i1\n",
-      "r1=v/ia_per\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.627 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.709 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.468 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.309 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.52, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "load=36.775#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.05\n",
-      "rsh=200#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=input_m*ratio\n",
-      "cu_loss_sh=v**2/rsh\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=cu_loss-cu_loss_sh\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss_a/ia**2\n",
-      "k=(v/(ia*ra))**(1.0/(n))\n",
-      "i1=k*ia\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.974 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.36 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.219 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.133 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.0 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.081 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.53, Page Number:1082"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.125#ohm\n",
-      "i2=150.0#A\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve((i1/i2)**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r6/k\n",
-      "r8=r7/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-r8\n",
-      "p8=r8-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 8th section=\",round(p8,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.313 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.234 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.176 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.132 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.099 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.056 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 8th section= 0.042 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.54, Page Number:1083"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=20\n",
-      "ra=1.31#ohm\n",
-      "t=218#N-m\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "slot=60\n",
-      "phi=23*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=t/(0.159*phi*slot*z)\n",
-      "i1=ia*ratio\n",
-      "i2=ia\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve(k**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 2.237 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.491 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.994 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.678 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.55, Page Number:1084"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "drop=0.02\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "i_per=1.30\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=i_per*il\n",
-      "vd=drop*v\n",
-      "rm=vd/il\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r=(r1-rm)/6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of each rheostat=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of each rheostat= 0.615721729566 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 165
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.56, Page Number:1085"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=55.95#kW\n",
-      "v=650.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.51#ohm\n",
-      "i1=140.0#A\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "per=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=((per+1)/ratio-per)*r1\n",
-      "r3=(per+1)*r2/ratio-per*r1\n",
-      "r4=((per+1)*r3/ratio)-per*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"number of steps=\",3\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "number of steps= 3\n",
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.364 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 1.17 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 170
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_5kVbclY.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_5kVbclY.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d43ac823..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_5kVbclY.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3109 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6eddcd87c5c220a184bc6a72a3af06c45a444c1fd08c6f0e5d7d854e3ce98ba8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 34:Induction Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.1, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=290.0#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "Ns=300.0#rpm(considered)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=120*f/Ns\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no. of poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no. of poles= 20.0\n",
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.2, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "slot=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=2*n\n",
-      "slots_total=slot*P*n\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/P\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"No. of stator poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"Total number of slots=\",slots_total\n",
-      "print \"Speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " No. of stator poles= 6\n",
-        "Total number of slots= 54\n",
-        "Speed= 1000 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.3, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "slip1=0.04\n",
-      "slip2=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip1)\n",
-      "f1=slip2*f*60\n",
-      "#at standstill s=1\n",
-      "f2=1*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04=\",N\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",f1,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency of the rotor current at standstill=\",f2,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating= 1500 rpm\n",
-        "speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04= 1440.0\n",
-        "frequency of rotor current= 90.0 rpm\n",
-        "frequency of the rotor current at standstill= 50 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.4, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=0.04\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip)\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "f1=s*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the synchronous speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor speed=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm=\",f1,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the synchronous speed= 1500.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm= 30.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.5, Page Number:1256"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "N=500#rpm\n",
-      "p2=8\n",
-      "slip=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*N/120\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p2\n",
-      "N=Ns-slip*Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load speed of the motor=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load speed of the motor= 727.5 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.6, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e=80#V\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=4#ohm\n",
-      "rheo=3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E=e/(3)**0.5\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=E/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "R=rheo+r\n",
-      "z2=(R**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=E/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "pf2=R/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are short circuited:\"\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm\",\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip rings are short circuited:\n",
-        "current/phase 11.2022406722 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.242535625036\n",
-        "slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm current/phase 8.16496580928 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.707106781187\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.7, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=6.5\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=v*k/(3**0.5)\n",
-      "R=x-r\n",
-      "r2=x\n",
-      "z=(x**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=e2/z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "starting current= 100.491886883 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.8, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=1100#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ratio=3.8\n",
-      "r=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=v/ratio\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=e/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "i2=100*ratio\n",
-      "z2=e/i2\n",
-      "r2=(z2**2-x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "R=r2-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current with slip rings shorted=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf with slip rings shorted=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",i2\n",
-      "print \"pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current with slip rings shorted= 1156.56314266 A\n",
-        "pf with slip rings shorted= 0.0479447993684\n",
-        "current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted= 380.0\n",
-        "pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted= 0.768221279597\n",
-        "external resistance= 0.70758173952 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.9, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "v=3000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "ratio=3.6\n",
-      "r=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "l=3.61*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "x2=2*3.14*l*f\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "r2_=0.1/k**2\n",
-      "x2_=ratio**2*x2\n",
-      "is1=v/((r**2+x2_**2)**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "ts=(3*3/(2*3.14*f))*((v**2)*r2_)/(r2_**2+x2_**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",is1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ts=\",ts,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 117.896733436 A\n",
-        "ts= 512.375725888 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.10, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "zr=complex(6,2)\n",
-      "v=80#V\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=e2/abs(zr+zs)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*zs.imag\n",
-      "ir=er/abs(complex(zs.real,xr))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor current at standstill=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor current at standstill= 5.26498126493 A\n",
-        "rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited= 3.31800758166 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.11, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "e=120#V\n",
-      "r2=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=e/3**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(r2**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=er/zr\n",
-      "s=r2/x2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(xr**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor when running short-circuited=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"current when torque is maximum=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor when running short-circuited= 9.05821627316 A\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "current when torque is maximum= 32.6598632371 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.12, Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tb=150.0#kg-m\n",
-      "n=660.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "t=tb*(2/((sb/s)+s/sb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"kg-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 90.0 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(a), Page Number:1266"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variablde declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "vd=0.90\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio_s=(1/vd)**2\n",
-      "ratio_i=ratio_s*vd\n",
-      "cu_loss_increase=ratio_i**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in motor copper losses=\",cu_loss_increase"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in motor copper losses= 1.23456790123\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(b), Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p1=15.0#kW\n",
-      "n=980.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.93\n",
-      "vd=0.10\n",
-      "fd=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=(1-vd)*v\n",
-      "f2=(1-fd)*f\n",
-      "n1=120*f/p\n",
-      "n2=120*f2/p\n",
-      "s1=(n1-n)/n1\n",
-      "ratio_f=s1*(v*(1-vd)/v)**2*f2/f\n",
-      "n2=n2*(1-ratio_f)\n",
-      "p2=p1*n2/n1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the new operating speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the new output power=\",p2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the new operating speed= 935.3795 rpm\n",
-        "the new output power= 14.0306925 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(a), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "v2=200#V\n",
-      "r=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 0.24 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(b), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "r=0.001#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n2=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "ratio=2*s**2*a/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of the maximum to full-load torque=\",ratio*1000,\"10^-3\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of the maximum to full-load torque= 3.9603960396 10^-3\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(c), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "v=600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=495#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.01\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n=Ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of max torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of max torque= 470.0 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of torques= 0.324324324324\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.15, Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=746.0#kW\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=16\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.02,0.15)\n",
-      "n=360.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "a=zr.real/zr.imag\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "N=ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "R=zr.imag-zr.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 0.550458715596\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 325.0 rpm\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.13 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.16, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "a=solve(ratio-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "r=a[0]*x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1187.5 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.0291699475574164 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.17, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "t_ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-a)*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",1/t_ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 1.45\n",
-        "speed= 675.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.18, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "a2=Symbol('a2')\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "t_ratio=2.5\n",
-      "t_ratio2=1.5\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t_ratio3=t_ratio2/t_ratio\n",
-      "a=solve(t_ratio3-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "a2=solve(a2**2-0.15*a2+0.0009,a2)\n",
-      "r_red=(a[0]-a2[1])/a[0]\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance=\",r_red*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance= 56.8784093726987 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.19, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "n=650.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "r=a*x2-r\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"extra resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "extra resistance= 0.52 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.20, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R=Symbol('R')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "t=162.8#N-m\n",
-      "n=1365.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "R=solve(1.0/(4*x2)-((r+R)/((r+R)**2+x2**2)),R)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",round(R[0],1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 0.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.21, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "t_ratios=1.60\n",
-      "t_ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcualtion\n",
-      "t_ratio=t_ratios/t_ratiom\n",
-      "#0.8a2-2*a+0.8 a=0.04\n",
-      "#0.5=2*a*sf/a2+sf2 sf=0.01\n",
-      "a=0.04\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-sf*ns\n",
-      "N=ns-a*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load speed= 1485.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1440.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.22, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.85#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*(v/3**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tf=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 52.4097855621 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 99.9125764956 N-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 858.823529412 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.23, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=100#rpm considered\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "n2=n/2\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "ratio=((s2/s)*(r**2+(s*x)**2)/(r**2+(s2*x)**2))**0.5\n",
-      "per=1-1/ratio\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(s2*x/r)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 22.8528060715 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.307902262948\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.26, Page Number:1272"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "t=100#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-n\n",
-      "n2=n+ns/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator supply voltage=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator supply voltage= 220 V\n",
-        "new speed= 1050 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.24, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delclaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=1140.0#rpm\n",
-      "e=440.0#V\n",
-      "e2=550.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "s2=s1*(e/e2)**2\n",
-      "n2=ns*(1-s2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1053.6 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.25, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=450.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=873.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=23.0#degrees\n",
-      "n2=864.0#rpm\n",
-      "alpha=1.0/234.0#per degrees centrigrade\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s1=(900-n)/900\n",
-      "s2=(900-n2)/900\n",
-      "ratio=s2/s1-1\n",
-      "t2=(s2/s1-1)/alpha+23  \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in rotor resistance=\",ratio*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"approx temperature=\",t2,\"degrees centigrade\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in rotor resistance= 33.3333333333 %\n",
-        "approx temperature= 101.0 degrees centigrade\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.27, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=500.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "load=80.0#kW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/60.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=alt/(60.0*f)\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=(1.0/3.0)*load*1000/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*1000,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/10000,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 996.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.888888888889 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.28, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "n=1425.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "ratio=0.8\n",
-      "loss=500.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=75/ns\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "tf=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "ir=s*ratio*e1/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ir**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=2*3.4*(n/60)*tf\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "s=z.real/z.imag\n",
-      "tmax=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "nmax=ns-s*ns\n",
-      "i=ratio*e1/abs(z)\n",
-      "tst=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real)/(z.real**2+(z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" full load torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"cu_loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"max torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",nmax,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " full load torque= 78.9197452229 N-m\n",
-        "rotor current= 22.7215022978 A\n",
-        "cu_loss= 619.52 W\n",
-        "power output= 12245.5388535 W\n",
-        "max torque= 98.6496815287 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1350.0 rpm\n",
-        "starting current= 50.5546790867 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 19.5345904017 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.29, Page Number:1285"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "P=23#kW\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e=0.92\n",
-      "n=1440#r.p.m\n",
-      "loss=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=P/e\n",
-      "total_loss=motor_input-P\n",
-      "friction_loss=total_loss/p\n",
-      "Pm=P+friction_loss\n",
-      "Psw=Pm*1500/n\n",
-      "ws=2*3.14*1500/60\n",
-      "Tsw=Psw*1000/ws\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous torque=\",round(Tsw),\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous torque= 156.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.30, Page Number:1286"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60#kW\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=load-loss\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "rotor_loss=cu_loss*1000/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",rotor_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power developed= 57.23 kW\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 590.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.31, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=20#KW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "i=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "fr=s*f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*load*1000\n",
-      "r2=cu_loss/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",fr,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of rotor current= 1.5 Hz\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 600.0 W\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.0555555555556 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.32, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=3.73#KW\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "loss=280#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "input_r=load*1000*ns/n\n",
-      "input_s=input_r+loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator input=\",input_s,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator input= 4165.41666667 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.33, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=75.0#KW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "f1=alt/60\n",
-      "s=f1/f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss_r_per_phase=s*p2/3\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss per phase=\",cu_loss_r_per_phase,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechancal power=\",pm,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 966.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss per phase= 0.833333333333 kW\n",
-        "mechancal power= 72.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.34, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "n=975.0#rpm\n",
-      "p1=40.0#KW\n",
-      "loss_s=1.0#kW\n",
-      "loss=2.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "p2=p1-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft power=\",pout,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 2.5 %\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.975 kW\n",
-        "shaft power= 36.025 kW\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.35, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=100#KW\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.018\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "cu_loss=2440#W\n",
-      "iron_loss=3500#W\n",
-      "rotational_loss=1200#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output+rotational_loss/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=(s/(1-s))*pm\n",
-      "p2=pm+cu_loss_r\n",
-      "input_s=p2+cu_loss/1000+iron_loss/1000\n",
-      "il=input_s*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.85132382892 kW\n",
-        "line current= 22.1989272175 A\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.7202341611 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.36, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=100.0#W\n",
-      "c=120.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=c/(f*60)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2/3\n",
-      "n2=ns-n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of stator field with respect to rotor=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "mechanical power= 96.0 kW\n",
-        "copper loss= 1.33333333333 kW\n",
-        "speed of stator field with respect to rotor= 40.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.37, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.9\n",
-      "output=37#kW\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "x=total_loss/(3+0.5)\n",
-      "input_r=output*1000+x/2+x\n",
-      "s=x/input_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.0303030303 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.38, Page Number:1289"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=45#KW\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "iron_loss=1200#kW\n",
-      "loss=900#kW\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*i)\n",
-      "r=r*3/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*(i/3**0.5)**2*r\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=s*42788\n",
-      "pm=42788-cu_loss_r\n",
-      "output_s=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output_s/(load*1000)\n",
-      "t=(output_s*60)/(2*3.14*970)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"p out=\",output_s,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf= 0.866025403784\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 1283.64 W\n",
-        "p out= 40604.36 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.2319111111 %\n",
-        "torque= 399.937881673 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(a), Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.75\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "pcr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=pcr*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sm)\n",
-      "e3=sm*e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load torque=\",tg/9.81,\"kg-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor emf at max torque=\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load torque= 4.26478644041 kg-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n",
-        "rotor emf at max torque= 8.06457518868 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(b), Page Number:1290"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.86\n",
-      "loss=0.05\n",
-      "cu_r=0.04\n",
-      "m_loss=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=3**0.5*v*i*pf\n",
-      "loss_s=loss*input_m\n",
-      "input_r=input_m-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_lossr=cu_r*input_r\n",
-      "mec_loss=m_loss*input_r\n",
-      "output_shaft=input_r-cu_lossr-mec_loss\n",
-      "s=cu_lossr/input_r\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "wr=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "output_r=input_r-cu_lossr\n",
-      "tr=output_r/wr\n",
-      "tin=output_shaft/wr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed in the rotor=\",tr,\"Nw-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tin,\"Nw-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed in the rotor= 36.0531340072 Nw-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 34.9264735695 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 91
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.40, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "p=40.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.5\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(x*sm)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "input_r=cu_loss/sm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross output at 5% slip=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",input_r,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross output at 5% slip= 6242.77652849 W\n",
-        "maximum torque= 8780.04535147 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.41, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=0.025\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pw=loss*pout*1000\n",
-      "pm=pout*1000+pw\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*pm/(1-s)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout*1000/n\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"gross electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor cu loss= 796.510416667 W\n",
-        "rotor input= 19912.7604167 W\n",
-        "shaft torque= 123.685763889 N-m\n",
-        "gross electromagnetic torque= 126.777907986 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.42, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=710#rpm\n",
-      "load=35#kW\n",
-      "loss=1200#W\n",
-      "loss_r=600#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "p2=load*1000-loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss_r\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power output=\",pout,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.80266666667 kW\n",
-        "gross torque= 430.386666667 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power= 31997.3333333 W\n",
-        "net torque= 422.316244131 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power output= 31397.3333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.43, Page Number:1292"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tsh=149.3#N-m\n",
-      "loss=200#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=1620#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=tsh*2*3.14*(n/60)\n",
-      "output=pout+loss\n",
-      "p2=output*ns/n\n",
-      "cu_lossr=p2-output\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",pout/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"the efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 15.001664 kW\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 633.402666667 W\n",
-        "the efficiency= 85.9444669361 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.44, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "i2=35#A\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pm=pout+loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_lossr=pm*s*1000/(1-s)\n",
-      "r2=cu_lossr/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistane per phase=\",r2,\"ohm/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistane per phase= 0.222789115646 ohm/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.45, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sf=Symbol('sf')\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1/ratio\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*25))*(e2**2/(2*x))\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "sf=solve(0.5*(a**2+sf**2)-2*a*sf,sf)\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sf[0])\n",
-      "tf=tmax/2\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tf/60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"full load slip=\",sf[0]\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 318.47133758 N-m\n",
-        "full load slip= 0.0267949192431123\n",
-        "power output= 24330.1270189222 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.46, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "k=0.67\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1*k\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(sm*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_lossr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_lossr*(1-sm)/sm\n",
-      "n=(1-sm)*ns\n",
-      "tmax=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 40.4815391879 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 63.511037037 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.47, Page Number:1293"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e2=110#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at start=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at s=4%\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"full load torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf of motor at start= 0.164398987305\n",
-        "pf of motor at s=4% 0.972387301981\n",
-        "full load torque= 582.728189612 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.48, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "tsh=162.84#N-m\n",
-      "c=90.0\n",
-      "t=20.36#N-m\n",
-      "loss=830.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "fr=c/60\n",
-      "s=fr/f\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tsh/60\n",
-      "tg=tsh+t\n",
-      "p2=tg*ns/9.55\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"motor input\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 16532.6024 W\n",
-        "cu loss= 575.497382199 W\n",
-        "motor input 19758.7434555 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 83.6723369441 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.49, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=420.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.25,0.75)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.173,0.52)\n",
-      "v1=420.0#V\n",
-      "v2=350.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=zr.real+k**2*z.real\n",
-      "x02=zr.imag+k**2*z.imag\n",
-      "z02=((r+r02)**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v2/(3**0.5*z02)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*(r+zr.real)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss*3\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tst=9.55*p2/(ns*9.81)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"kg-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 48.2909354778 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.50, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "load=37.3#ohm\n",
-      "v=280#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.25\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "k=1.0/3\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wsc=2*v*i*pf\n",
-      "power_phase=v*i*pf\n",
-      "R=power_phase/i**2\n",
-      "r2_=R-r\n",
-      "r2=k**2*r2_\n",
-      "p2=3*i**2*r2_\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "t=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance perphaseof therotor winding=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"startingtorque=\",t,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance perphaseof therotor winding= 0.0222222222222 ohm\n",
-        "startingtorque= 305.6 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.51, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratios=1.6\n",
-      "ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "sb=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=(ratios/sf)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip at full load=\",sf\n",
-      "print \"slip at maximum torque=\",sb\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",i"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip at full load= 0.01\n",
-        "slip at maximum torque= 0.04\n",
-        "rotor current= 12.6491106407\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.52, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200#km/h\n",
-      "f=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "w=v*5.0/18/(2*f)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pole pitch=\",w*1000,\"mm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pole pitch= 277.777777778 mm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.53, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "w=6#mm\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p=6#kW\n",
-      "loss=1.2#kW\n",
-      "v=2.4#m/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vs=2*f*w/100\n",
-      "s=(vs-v)/vs\n",
-      "p2=p-loss\n",
-      "pcr=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-pcr\n",
-      "f=p2*1000/vs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous speed=\",vs,\"m/s\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",pcr,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"thrust=\",f/1000,\"kN\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous speed= 3 m/s\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "cu loss= 0.96 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 3.84 kW\n",
-        "thrust= 1.6 kN\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.54, Page Number:1304"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=0.12\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm/phase\n",
-      "pg=9000.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=r*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "v=(pg*rl/3)**0.5\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load resistance=\",rl,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"load voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"load current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load resistance= 0.586666666667 ohm\n",
-        "load voltage= 41.9523539268 V\n",
-        "load current= 71.5096941934 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 166
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.55, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r1=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "xm=complex(0,28.5)#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl_=r2_*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "i2_=(v/3**0.5)/complex(r1+rl_,x1)\n",
-      "i0=(v/3**0.5)/xm\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator current= (74.5730253701-19.1783634605j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.968485280755\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 177
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.56, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "power=3.73#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "b0=-1.0/30\n",
-      "loss=50#W\n",
-      "lossr=150#W\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zab=complex(30*complex(r2_/s,x2_))/complex(r2_/s,x2_-1/b0)\n",
-      "z01=complex(r1,x1)+zab\n",
-      "vph=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i1=v1/z01\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i1.real**2*zab.real\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "power_o=pm-lossr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=power_o/(power_o+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"input current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"air gap power=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"electro magnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",power_o,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "input current= (21.9914486234+42.6194245913j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.45854949826\n",
-        "air gap power= 5173.46132109 W\n",
-        "mechanical power= 4966.52286825 W\n",
-        "electro magnetic torque= 32.9377037443 N-m\n",
-        "output power= 4816.52286825 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.9644851937 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 184
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.57, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.44#ohm\n",
-      "loss=1250#W\n",
-      "lossr=1000#W\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "pf=0.09\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2_=v1/complex(r1+r2_/s,x1+x2_)\n",
-      "i1=i2_+complex(1.78,19.9)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i2_.real**2*r2_/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tg=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "pm=p2*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=pm-1000\n",
-      "cu_losss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_losss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/(pout+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= (50.2750367599+11.9125821807j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.973057118792\n",
-        "electromagnetic torque= 224.593900377 N-m\n",
-        "output= 33218.2329894 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 89.0932246577 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 186
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.58, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.06,0.2)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.06,0.22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r01=z.real+zr.real\n",
-      "x01=z.imag+zr.imag\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "s=z.real/(z.real+z01)\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "pmax=3*v1**2/(2*(r01+z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum gross power=\",pmax,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum gross power= 143676.459572 W\n",
-        "slip= 0.120771344025\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 188
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.59, Page Number:1307"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=115#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "z=complex(0.07,0.3)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.08,0.3)\n",
-      "gd=0.022#mho\n",
-      "bo=0.158#mho\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "rl_=1/bo*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "z=complex(z.real+zr.real+rl_,0.6)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=complex(16,-2.36)\n",
-      "io=v*complex(gd,-bo)\n",
-      "i1=io+i2\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "pg=3*abs(i2)**2*rl_/100\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pg/n\n",
-      "p2=3**0.5*v1*abs(i1)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=pg*100/p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pg,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary current= (16-2.36j) A\n",
-        "primary current= (17.460696181-12.8504543912j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.805393212665\n",
-        "power output= 2433.59058228 W\n",
-        "torque= 19.7625765823 N-m\n",
-        "input= 3477.92348593 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 69.9725164204 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.60, Page Number:1308"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,1)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.6,1)\n",
-      "zm=complex(10.0,50.0)\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sm=zr.real/(z.real**2+(z.imag+zr.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v1/((z.real+zr.real)**2+(zr.imag+z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tgmax=3*i2**2*z.real*60.0/(sm*2*3.14*1500)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tgmax,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 277.144160399 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_7O92CYB.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_7O92CYB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f35c124e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_7O92CYB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1233 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:fc88e8a107629d62ff7c77f84f67a9d9da67e1160053ed6d930ef88cb4cc11d6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 27: Armature Reaction and Commutation"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.1, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=722\n",
-      "ia=100.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=8.0#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 802.222222222\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 3710.27777778\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.2, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=1280\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "commuter=160\n",
-      "advanced_segments=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/8\n",
-      "theta_m=advanced_segments*360/commuter\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 800.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1200.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(a), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=880\n",
-      "ia=120.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=3.0#degrees\n",
-      "n=1100#tturns/pole\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "iadditional=(atd_perpole/n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"b)cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"c)additional field current=\",iadditional,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)armature demagnetization= 440.0 AT\n",
-        "b)cross-magnetization= 6160.0 AT\n",
-        "c)additional field current= 0.4 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(b), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=480\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0*2#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/4\n",
-      "total=(z*i)/(2*p)\n",
-      "atd_perpole=total*(2*theta_m/180)\n",
-      "atc_perpole=total*(1-(2*theta_m/180))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 500.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1750.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.4, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=492\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0\n",
-      "ia=143.0+10.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=ia/2#wave wound\n",
-      "i2=ia/4#lap wound\n",
-      "atd_perpole1=z*i1*theta_m/360#wave wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt1=atd_perpole1/theta_m\n",
-      "atd_perpole2=z*i2*(theta_m/360.0)#lap wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt2=atd_perpole2/theta_m\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"wave wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole1,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt1)\n",
-      "print \"lap wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole2,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "wave wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 1045.5 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 104\n",
-        "lap wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 522.75 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 52\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.5, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "p=50*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "z=400\n",
-      "commuter=4\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "segments=z/a\n",
-      "theta=pole*360.0/segments\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360)\n",
-      "extra=atd/ish\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"demagnetisation=\",atd,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt turns/poles\",extra"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "demagnetisation= 820.0 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt turns/poles 164.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.6, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "theta=10.0#degrees\n",
-      "lambda_=1.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*p))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "atd=z*i*theta/360\n",
-      "extra=lambda_*atd/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)cross magnetization ampere-turns=\",atc\n",
-      "print \"ii)back ampere-turns\",atd\n",
-      "print \"iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns\",int(extra)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)cross magnetization ampere-turns= 2777.77777778\n",
-        "ii)back ampere-turns 1388.88888889\n",
-        "iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns 9\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.7, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=22.38#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "z=840\n",
-      "commutator=140\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ish=1.8#A\n",
-      "back=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=p*1000.0/efficiency\n",
-      "input_i=motor_input/v\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2.0\n",
-      "theta=back*360/commutator\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360.0)\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*pole))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole=\",atd\n",
-      "print \"distorting amp-turns/pole=\",atc"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole= 251.998140496\n",
-        "distorting amp-turns/pole= 2687.98016529\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.8, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ia=1000#A\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "z=860\n",
-      "per=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "at=per/p*z*(i/2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"AT/pole for compensation winding=\",at"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "AT/pole for compensation winding= 3010.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.9, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "segment=123\n",
-      "wb=3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=n/60.0*segment\n",
-      "commutation=wb/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commutation time=\",commutation*1000,\"millisecond\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commutation time= 1.82926829268 millisecond\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.10, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "d=30#cm\n",
-      "ia=150#A\n",
-      "wb=1.25#cm\n",
-      "L=0.07*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "v=3.14*d*(n/60)\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 19.782 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.11, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "segments=55\n",
-      "n=900\n",
-      "wb=1.74\n",
-      "L=153*math.pow(10,-6)#H\n",
-      "i=27#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=segments*n/60\n",
-      "Tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/Tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 3.91732758621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.12, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "z=64\n",
-      "wb=1.2\n",
-      "L=0.05#mH\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "L=L*0.001\n",
-      "v=n/60*z\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "#i.linear\n",
-      "E1=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "#ii.sinusoidal\n",
-      "E2=1.11*E1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Linear commutation,E=\",E1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Sinosoidal commutation,E=\",E2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Linear commutation,E= 5.0 V\n",
-        "Sinosoidal commutation,E= 5.55 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.13, Page Number:951"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "B=0.5#Wb/m2\n",
-      "Ig=4.0#mm\n",
-      "ia=500.0#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "arm_mmf=z*(ia/p)/(2*p)\n",
-      "compole=int(B*Ig*0.001/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)))\n",
-      "mag=0.1*compole\n",
-      "total_compole=int(compole+mag)\n",
-      "total_mmf=arm_mmf+total_compole\n",
-      "Ncp=total_mmf/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of turns on each commutating pole=\",int(Ncp)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of turns on each commutating pole= 11\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.14, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p1=100.0#kW\n",
-      "V1=250#V\n",
-      "p2=300.0#kW\n",
-      "V2=250#V\n",
-      "i1=200#A\n",
-      "i2=500#A\n",
-      "il=600#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "delI1=p1/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "delI2=p2/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load=\",delI1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load=\",delI2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load= 150.0 A\n",
-        "Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load= 450.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 92
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.15, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v_nl1=270#V\n",
-      "v_l=220#V\n",
-      "il1=35#A\n",
-      "v_nl2=280#V\n",
-      "il2=50#A\n",
-      "il=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v_nl1-v_l\n",
-      "vd_pa=vd1/il1#voltage drop per ampere\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd_pa2=(v_nl2-v_l)/il2\n",
-      "#270=(10/7)i1=280-1.2*i2\n",
-      "ans=solve([4.2*i2-5*i1-35,i1+i2-60],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v_nl2-vd_pa2*ans[i2]\n",
-      "o1=v*ans[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=v*ans[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output current of first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1)\n",
-      "print \"output current of second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1)\n",
-      "print \"output of first machine=\",round(o1,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second machine=\",round(o2,1),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output current of first machine= 23.6\n",
-        "output current of second machine= 36.4\n",
-        "output of first machine= 5.7 kW\n",
-        "output of second machine= 8.9 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.16, Page Number:958"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rf=20#ohm\n",
-      "i=4000#A\n",
-      "v1=210#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#V+(i1+v/20)*0.01=210\n",
-      "#V+(i2+v/20)*0.01=220\n",
-      "#solving the above two equations we have i1-i2=1000\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1-i2-1000,i1+i2-4000],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=solve([v1-(ans[i1]+v/20)*0.01-v],[v])\n",
-      "o1=V[v]*ans[i1]/1000\n",
-      "o2=V[v]*ans[i2]/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",V[v],\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"output of first generator=\",o1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second generator=\",o2,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Bus bar voltage= 184.907546226887 V\n",
-        "output of first generator= 462.268865567216 kW\n",
-        "output of second generator= 277.361319340330 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.17, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "i=250.0#A\n",
-      "v1=50.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=100.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.06\n",
-      "r2=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v*r1\n",
-      "il1=v1*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d1=vd1/il1\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd2=v*r2\n",
-      "il2=v2*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d2=vd2/il2\n",
-      "#3i1/10=i2/10\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1+i2-i,3*i1-i2],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v-(3*ans[i1]/10)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(v,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to first machine= 62.5 A\n",
-        "current delivered to second machine= 187.5 A\n",
-        "terminal voltage= 481.3 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.18, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x1=Symbol('x1')\n",
-      "x2=Symbol('x2')\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "w1=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=119.0#V\n",
-      "w2=200.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=116.0#V\n",
-      "i=3500.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-119)(x1/100)] for generator 1\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-116)(x2/100)] for generator 2\n",
-      "#(250x1*1000/100)+(200x2*1000/100)=v*3500\n",
-      "#v=125-6x1/100\n",
-      "ans=solve([(250.0*x1*1000.0/100.0)+(200.0*(2.0*x1*1000.0)/300.0)-((125.0-((6.0*x1)/100.0))*3500.0)],[x1])\n",
-      "V=v-(6.0*ans[x1]/100.0)\n",
-      "ans2=solve([V-(v-((v-v2)*(x2/100.0)))],[x2])\n",
-      "ratio=ans[x1]/ans2[x2]\n",
-      "I=solve([ratio-((i1*w2)/(i2*w1)),i1+i2-i],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(I[i1],0),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(I[i2],0),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 2283.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 1217.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.19, Page Number:960"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "IA=Symbol('IA')\n",
-      "IB=Symbol('IB')\n",
-      "va1=240.0#V\n",
-      "va2=220.0#v\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "vb1=245.0#V\n",
-      "vb2=220.0#V\n",
-      "ib=150.0#A\n",
-      "i=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=solve([(va1-((va1-va2)*IA/ia))-(vb1-((vb1-vb2)*IB/ib)),IA+IB-i],[IA,IB])\n",
-      "vbus=va1-((va1-va2)*I[IA]/ia)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",round(I[IA],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",round(I[IB],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"V bus=\",round(vbus,2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 168.75 A\n",
-        "IB= 131.25 A\n",
-        "V bus= 223.13 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.20, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "n=5.0#number ofshunt generators\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "incr=0.04#increase in current\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=p/n\n",
-      "o=load*1000.0/v\n",
-      "a_drop=ra*o\n",
-      "emf=v+a_drop\n",
-      "incr=incr*emf\n",
-      "emf1=emf+incr\n",
-      "#emf1-ra*i1=V\n",
-      "#emf-ra*i2=V\n",
-      "I=solve([emf1-emf-ra*(i1-i2),i1+4.1*i2-510],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=I[i1]+4.0*I[i2]#V=i1+4*i2\n",
-      "o1=V*I[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=V*I[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power output of first machine=\",round(o1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output of second machine=\",round(o2,2),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage=\",round(V),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power output of first machine= 133.0 kW\n",
-        "Power output of second machine= 30.24 kW\n",
-        "Terminal voltage= 504.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.21, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "i=1500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "emf1=400.0#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "emf2=440.0#V\n",
-      "rs1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs2=80.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#i2=1500-i1\n",
-      "#ish1=v/100, ish2=v/80\n",
-      "#ia1=i1+v/100, ia2=i2+v/80\n",
-      "ans=solve([(0.5/0.04)-((emf1-1.005*V)/(1.0005*V-380))],[V])\n",
-      "i1=(emf1-1.005*ans[V])/0.5\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "o1=ans[V]*i1/1000\n",
-      "o2=ans[V]*i2/1000\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage=\",round(ans[V],2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 33.86 A\n",
-        "I2= 1466.14 A\n",
-        "Terminal Voltage= 381.16 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.22, Page Number:962"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v1=250#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "rf1=100#ohm\n",
-      "v2=248#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "rf2=100#ohm\n",
-      "i=40#A\n",
-      "ir=0.172#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([V+((I+V/rf1)*ra1)-v1,V+((I+V/rf2)*ra2)-v2],[I,V])\n",
-      "ib=i-2*ans[I]\n",
-      "vd=ib*ir\n",
-      "eb=ans[V]+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf of battery=\",round(eb),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of battery= 248.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.23, Page Number:963"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=400#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "vb=410#V\n",
-      "rb=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "V=390#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loada=(va-V)/ra\n",
-      "loadb=(vb-V)/rb\n",
-      "pa=loada*V\n",
-      "pb=loadb*V\n",
-      "net_v=vb-va\n",
-      "total_r=ra+rb\n",
-      "i=net_v/total_r\n",
-      "terminal_v=va+(i*ra)\n",
-      "power_AtoB=terminal_v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",terminal_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power=\",power_AtoB,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 15.3846153846 A\n",
-        "Voltage= 403.846153846 V\n",
-        "Power= 6213.01775148 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.24, Page Number:964"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "i=500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "ra2=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "sw1=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "sw2=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "e1=240.0#V\n",
-      "e2=244.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "V=solve([(((e1-v)/ra1)+((e2-v)/ra2)-i)],[v])\n",
-      "i1=(e1-V[v])/ra1\n",
-      "i2=(e2-V[v])/ra2\n",
-      "#ratio of series winding (1/0.004):(1/0.0006) or 3:2\n",
-      "is1=i*3/5\n",
-      "is2=i*2/5\n",
-      "vbus=V[v]-(is1*sw1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current in series winding:\"\n",
-      "print \"generator A=\",round(is1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"generator B=\",round(is2),\"B\"\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",round(vbus,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 200.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 300.0 A\n",
-        "Current in series winding:\n",
-        "generator A= 300.0 A\n",
-        "generator B= 200.0 B\n",
-        "Bus bar voltage= 236.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_7qFSSzO.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_7qFSSzO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 894eff9f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_7qFSSzO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:9895a0f3fc78aa13cc793dfc60b4d616a3af11e4983465d122ac29be7197893e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 25: Elements of Electro-Mechanical Energy Conversion"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.1, Page Number:876"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sod=15#stator-core outer diameter\n",
-      "sid=10.05#stator-core inner diameter\n",
-      "rod=10.00#rotor-core outer diameter\n",
-      "rid=5#rotor-core inner diameter\n",
-      "a=8#axial lenght of the machine\n",
-      "b=1.20\n",
-      "ur=1000\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=(3.14/4)*((sod*sod)-(sid*sid))*a#volume of stator-core\n",
-      "vr=(3.14/4)*((rod*rod)-(rid*rid))*a#volume of rotor-core\n",
-      "va=(3.14/4)*((sid*sid)-(rod*rod))*a#volume of air-gap in the machine\n",
-      "ed=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7))\n",
-      "e=ed*va*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "edm=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)*ur)\n",
-      "es=edm*vs*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "er=edm*vr*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "kr=(vs+vr)/vs\n",
-      "ke=(es+er)/e\n",
-      "ratio=kr/ke\n",
-      "eratio=e/(es+er)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in air gap= \",e,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in stator-core= \",round(es,2),\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in rotor core= \",er,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores=\",round(eratio)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Energy stored in air gap=  3.609  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in stator-core=  0.45  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in rotor core=  0.27  Joules\n",
-        "Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores= 5.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.2, Page Number:877"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#turns\n",
-      "area=5*5#cross sectional area\n",
-      "i=1.25#amp\n",
-      "x=0.25#cm\n",
-      "l=0.402\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p=4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)/(0.5*10**(-2))\n",
-      "l=n**2*p\n",
-      "em=.5*i*i*l\n",
-      "W=-1*0.5*n**2*4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)*i**2/(0.5*10**(-2))**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)coil inductance=\",l,\"H\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)field energy stored=\",em,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)mechanical energy output=\",W,\"NW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)coil inductance= 0.40192 H\n",
-        "  ii)field energy stored= 0.314 J\n",
-        "b)mechanical energy output= -62.8 NW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.4, Page Number:882"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "lo=50#mH\n",
-      "xo=0.05#cm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.075#cm\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "x2=0.15#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "l1=2*lo/(1+(x/xo))\n",
-      "lambda1=l1*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "W=0.5*l1*i2**2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "l2=2*lo/(1+(x2/xo))\n",
-      "lambda2=l2*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "w2=0.5*i2*(lambda1-lambda2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",W,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic stored energy=\",w2,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.5, Page Number:883"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rc=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=3#V\n",
-      "i=6#A\n",
-      "l1=40#mH\n",
-      "l2=25#mH\n",
-      "wfld=0.5*l2*i*i*0.001\n",
-      "delE=0.5*i*i*0.001*(l1-l2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",wfld,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic store energy=\",delE,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)magnetic stored energy= 0.45 J\n",
-        "b)change in magnetic store energy= 0.27 J\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_87EQl05.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_87EQl05.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e889465f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_87EQl05.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:c262c33cbbcf1d1756b9358f8cf1d8ed92f53825858905e2598fd8e15870c7ca"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 39: Special Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.1, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "p=8.0 #number of poles\n",
-      "tp=5.0 #number of teeth for each pole\n",
-      "nr=50.0 #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=p*tp #number of stator teeth\n",
-      "B=((nr-ns)*360)/(nr*ns) #stepping angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stepping angle is \",B,\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stepping angle is  1.8 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.2, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=2.5\n",
-      "rn=25\n",
-      "f=3600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=360/B\n",
-      "s=r*rn\n",
-      "n=(B*f)/360\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resolution =\",int(r),\"steps/revolution\"\n",
-      "print \" Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions =\",int(s)\n",
-      "print \" Shaft speed\", int(n),\"rps\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " Resolution = 144 steps/revolution\n",
-        "Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions = 3600\n",
-        "Shaft speed 25 rps\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.3, Page Number:1544"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=15 #stepping angle\n",
-      "pn=3 #number of phases\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#number of stator teeth\n",
-      "ns1=((360*nr)/(360-(nr*B))) #ns>nr\n",
-      "ns2=((360*nr)/(360+(nr*B))) #nr>ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"When ns>nr: ns= \",ns1\n",
-      "print \"When nr>ns: ns= \",ns2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "When ns>nr: ns=  12\n",
-        "When nr>ns: ns=  6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.4, Page Number:1545"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=1.8\n",
-      "pn=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "ns=nr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of rotor teeth = \",int(nr)\n",
-      "print \"Number of statot teeth = \",int(ns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of rotor teeth =  50.0\n",
-        "Number of statot teeth =  50.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.5, Page Number:1555"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=40\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a) For a=40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=(-40)\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"b) For a=-40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "e12=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-150))\n",
-      "e23=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-30))\n",
-      "e31=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a+90))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"c) For a=30 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e12=\" ,e12,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e23=\" ,e23,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e31=\" ,e31,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a) For a=40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "   e3s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "b) For a=-40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "   e3s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "c) For a=30 degrees\n",
-        "   e12= -17.3205080757 V\n",
-        "   e23= 34.6410161514 V\n",
-        "   e31= -17.3205080757 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_8HPcuEd.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_8HPcuEd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0690f646..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_8HPcuEd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1741 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:e71bef33b0871199556c73182ec6cd28497a9d9d16612973a23ee2cceda4b35b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 26: D.C. Generators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.3, Page Number:912"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=450#A\n",
-      "v=230#v\n",
-      "rs=50#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.03#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+va\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f. generated in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f. generated in the armature=  243.62  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.4, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#v\n",
-      "rs=250#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vs=ia*rseries\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "vb=ish*b\n",
-      "E=v+va+vs+vb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  506.16  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.5, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "v=220#v\n",
-      "rs=200#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=i*rseries\n",
-      "vshunt=v+vs\n",
-      "ish=vshunt/v\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vb=b*2\n",
-      "E=v+vs+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  232.552045455  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.6, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": true,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#v\n",
-      "i=150.0#A\n",
-      "rs=92.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.03#ohm(divertor)\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rd*rseries)/(rd+rseries)\n",
-      "tr=ra+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "Eg=v+vd\n",
-      "tp=Eg*ia\n",
-      "pl=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*sdr)+(v*ish)+(v*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resuts\n",
-      "print \"i) Induced e.m.f.= \",Eg,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)Total power generated= \",tp,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)Distribution of the total power:\"\n",
-      "print \" power lost in armature=                \", ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "print \"power lost in series field and divider= \", ia*ia*sdr\n",
-      "print \"power dissipated in shunt winding=      \", v*ish\n",
-      "print \"power delivered to load=                \", v*i\n",
-      "print \"                                         ------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Total=                                  \", pl"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) Induced e.m.f.=  236.405  V\n",
-        "ii)Total power generated=  36051.7625  W\n",
-        "iii)Distribution of the total power:\n",
-        " power lost in armature=                 744.2\n",
-        "power lost in series field and divider=  232.5625\n",
-        "power dissipated in shunt winding=       575.0\n",
-        "power delivered to load=                 34500.0\n",
-        "                                         ------------\n",
-        "Total=                                   36051.7625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.7, Page Number:914"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=300000.0#w\n",
-      "v=600.0#v\n",
-      "sr=75.0#ohm\n",
-      "abr=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "cr=0.011#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "dr=0.036#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "io=p/v#output current\n",
-      "ish=v/sr\n",
-      "ia=io+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rseries*dr)/(rseries+dr)\n",
-      "tr=abr+cr+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "va=v+vd\n",
-      "pg=va*ia\n",
-      "W=pg/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generatedby the armature= \",va,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power generated by the armature= \",W, \"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generatedby the armature=  625.4  V\n",
-        "Power generated by the armature=  317.7032 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.8, Page Number:915"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=7*math.pow(10,-3)\n",
-      "z=51*20\n",
-      "a=p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#r.p.m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=(phi*z*n*p)/(a*60)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generated= \",Eg,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generated=  178.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.9, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=8\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "N=500#armature conductor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=phi*(n/60)*(p/a)*N\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f generated= \",E,\" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f generated=  500.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.10, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=127#v\n",
-      "vt=120#v(terminal voltage)\n",
-      "r=15#ohms\n",
-      "i1=8.47#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohms\n",
-      "fi=8#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=v+(i1*ra)\n",
-      "ia=(Eg-vt)/ra\n",
-      "il=ia-fi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current \",il,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current  350.47  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(a), Page Number:917"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=778\n",
-      "n=500\n",
-      "ra=0.24\n",
-      "rl=12.5\n",
-      "r=250\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "si=v/r\n",
-      "ai=il+si\n",
-      "emf=v+(ai*ra)\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ai,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",emf,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",round(phi*1000,2),\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  21.0  A\n",
-        "induced e.m.f.=  255.04  V\n",
-        "flux per pole=  9.83  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(b), Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "P=5000.0#w\n",
-      "P2=2500.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=120\n",
-      "N=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "gc=P/v\n",
-      "li=P2/v\n",
-      "ti=gc+li\n",
-      "fc=1\n",
-      "ai=ti+fc\n",
-      "ard=ai*ra\n",
-      "emf=v+ard+2\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*N)\n",
-      "ac_perparralelpath=ai/p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current per parallel path= \",ac_perparralelpath,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Flux per pole=  129.1  mWb\n",
-        "Armature current per parallel path=  7.75  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.12, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2.0#V(brush drop)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "R=v/i\n",
-      "E1=v+(i*ra)+bd\n",
-      "E2=(E1*n2)/n1\n",
-      "il=(E2-bd)/0.675\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.= \",round(il,2),\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.=  157.04  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.13, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=900 #rpm\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "E=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "phi=10#mWb\n",
-      "N=8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(E-V)/ra\n",
-      "Z=(E*600*2)/(phi*math.pow(10,-3)*n*p)\n",
-      "#since there ae 8 turns in a coil,it means there are 16 active conductor\n",
-      "number_of_coils=Z/16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"number of coils= \",number_of_coils"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  100.0  A\n",
-        "number of coils=  500.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.14, Page Number:919"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=120.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rs=25#ohm\n",
-      "rsw=0.04#ohm(series winding)\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "#i)Long shunt\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#i)Short shunt\n",
-      "vds=il*rsw\n",
-      "vs=V+vds\n",
-      "ish=vs/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt=  130.48  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt= 104.8  A\n",
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt=  130.496  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt= 104.96  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.15, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=25000.0#W\n",
-      "V=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=1.0#V\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/V\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "vds=ia*rseries\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "vdb=vb*2\n",
-      "E=V+vds+vda+vdb\n",
-      "Z=(E*60*4)/(phi*n*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"The e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"The number of conductors=\",Z"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The e.m.f. generated=  505.675  V\n",
-        "The number of conductors= 1264.1875\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.16, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "e=240.0#V\n",
-      "z=792\n",
-      "phi=0.0145#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi_working=(e*60*2)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "lambda_=phi/phi_working\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Leakage coefficient= \",round(lambda_,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Leakage coefficient=  1.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.17, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rt=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "rtotal=t*rt\n",
-      "r_eachpath=rtotal/p\n",
-      "ra=r_eachpath/a\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "V=E-vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage= \",V, \" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal Voltage=  459.25  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.18, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rturn=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rsc=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ra=0.055#ohm\n",
-      "ra=ra+rsc\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "v=E-va\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "i=ia-ish\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output= \",round(output/1000,3),\" kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output=  20.813  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.19, Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "v=125#V\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E1=v+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "E2=E1*n2/n1*0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%=\",E2,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%= 90.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(a), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=378\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "rl=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "V=(100.0/111.0)*E\n",
-      "il=V/rl\n",
-      "P=il*V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power absorbed by the load is= \",P,\" W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power absorbed by the load is=  5154.12710007  W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(b), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=300\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#rpm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "il=90#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ifield=E/rf\n",
-      "ia=ifield+il\n",
-      "V=E-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage= \",V,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal voltage=  481.2  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(a), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "e=250.0#V\n",
-      "d=350.0#mm\n",
-      "air_gap=3.0#mm\n",
-      "al=260.0#mm\n",
-      "fringing=0.8\n",
-      "coils=96\n",
-      "t=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=t*coils*2\n",
-      "a=p*2\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "di=d+air_gap\n",
-      "pole_arc=(3.14*di*fringing)/6\n",
-      "B=phi/(pole_arc*0.000001*al)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi,\" Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"effective pole arc lenght= \",pole_arc*0.001,\" m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux density= \",B,\" T\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  0.0434027777778  Wb\n",
-        "effective pole arc lenght=  0.147789333333  m\n",
-        "flux density=  1.12953862717  T\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(b), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "e=250.0#v\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "b=35.0#cm\n",
-      "ratio=0.7\n",
-      "lpole=20.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pole_pitch=(b*3.14)/p\n",
-      "polearc=ratio*pole_pitch\n",
-      "pole_area=polearc*lpole\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "mean_flux=phi/(pole_area*math.pow(10,-4))\n",
-      "              \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Mean flux density= \",mean_flux,\" Wb/m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Mean flux density=  0.649941505265  Wb/m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(d), Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v+(i*rseries)\n",
-      "ish=va/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "e=va+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "ishunt=v/rs\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rseries)\n",
-      "e2=v+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(short shunt)\",e,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(long shunt)\",e2,\" V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf generated(short shunt) 114.070666667  V\n",
-        "emf generated(long shunt) 114.123666667  V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.22, Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "w=20000.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rs=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=w/v\n",
-      "i_f=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+i_f\n",
-      "ip=w/efficiency#input power\n",
-      "total_loss=ip-w\n",
-      "copper_loss=(ia*ia*(ra+rseries))+(i_f*i_f*rs)\n",
-      "ironloss=total_loss-copper_loss\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "T=ip/omega\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#omega\n",
-      "print \"Copper loss= \",copper_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Iron and friction loss= \",ironloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque developed by the prime mover= \",T,\"Nw-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Copper loss=  1216.88892562  W\n",
-        "Iron and friction loss=  2312.52283909  W\n",
-        "Torque developed by the prime mover=  224.803297115 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.23, Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declartaion\n",
-      "power=10000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=534\n",
-      "cu_loss=0.64*1000#W\n",
-      "vbd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=power/v\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+vbd\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  30.0  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(a), Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=195#A\n",
-      "pd=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "p=250#W\n",
-      "strayloss=950#W\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=pd/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=pd+vda\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(pd*ish)\n",
-      "output_prime=(pd*i)+strayloss+cu_loss\n",
-      "power_a=output_prime-strayloss\n",
-      "neu_m=(power_a/output_prime)\n",
-      "neu_e=(pd*i)/((pd*i)+cu_loss)\n",
-      "neu_c=(pd*i)/output_prime\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \" b)Cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" c)output of prime mover= \",output_prime,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" d)mechanical efficiency= \",neu_m*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   electrical efficiency= \",neu_e*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   commercial efficiency= \",neu_c*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)e.m.f. generated=  254.0  V\n",
-        " b)Cu losses=  2050.0  W\n",
-        " c)output of prime mover=  51750.0  W\n",
-        " d)mechanical efficiency=  98.1642512077  %\n",
-        "   electrical efficiency=  95.9645669291  %\n",
-        "   commercial efficiency=  94.2028985507  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(b), Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "total_loss=(v*i*0.5)+((il+i*0.5)*(il+i*0.5)*ra)+(v*i*0.5)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency=  87.8312542029  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.25, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=196#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "stray_loss=720#W\n",
-      "rsh=55#ohm\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "inpute=output/e\n",
-      "total_loss=inpute-output\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "constant_loss=cu_loss+stray_loss\n",
-      "culoss_a=total_loss-constant_loss\n",
-      "ra=culoss_a/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "I=math.sqrt(constant_loss/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency\",I,\" A\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency 122.283568103  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.26, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "p=22*1000#w\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "I=p/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+I\n",
-      "vdseries=ia*rseries\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*rseries)+(rsh*ish*ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=(p/efficiency)-p\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "T=(p/efficiency*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)iron and friction loss= \",strayloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)Torque exerted by the prime mover= \",T,\" N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cu losses=  1584.44  W\n",
-        "b)iron and friction loss=  1415.56  W\n",
-        "c)Torque exerted by the prime mover=  238.853503185  N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.27, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=1#V(voltage drop per brush)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=i*r\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+(2*vdb)\n",
-      "totalpower=E*ia\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/totalpower\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced e.m.f.=  214.0  V\n",
-        "efficiency=  77.8816199377  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.28, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=100#ohm\n",
-      "ironloss=1000#W\n",
-      "frictionloss=500#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "totalra=ra+rseries+ri\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "copperloss=ia*ia*totalra\n",
-      "shculoss=ish*v\n",
-      "total_loss=copperloss+ironloss+frictionloss+shculoss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"F.L. efficiency of the machine= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "F.L. efficiency of the machine=  87.3089843128  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.29, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "ironloss=8#kW\n",
-      "r=0.25#reduction in speed\n",
-      "n_ironloss=5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([ironloss-(A*1+B*1**2),n_ironloss-(A*(1-r)+B*(1-r)**2)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]\n",
-      "we=ans[B]\n",
-      "wh2=ans[A]*0.5\n",
-      "we2=ans[B]*0.5**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)full speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)half speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh2,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we2,3),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)full speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 2.667 kW\n",
-        "We= 5.333 kW\n",
-        "ii)half speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 1.333 kW\n",
-        "We= 1.333 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.30, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "N=Symbol('N')\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "wh=250.0#w\n",
-      "we=100.0#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "A=wh/(n/60)\n",
-      "B=we/((n/60)**2)\n",
-      "new_loss=(wh+we)/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([new_loss-A*N-B*(N**2)],[N])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed at which total loss will be halved=\",ans[1],\"r.p.s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed at which total loss will be halved= (9.50045787200216,) r.p.s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.31, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=160.0#ohm\n",
-      "mechcoreloss=500.0#W\n",
-      "culoss=360.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "i=output/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+i\n",
-      "culossa=ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "totalloss=culoss+mechcoreloss+culossa\n",
-      "inputp=output+totalloss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inputp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power required= \",inputp*0.001,\" kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficinecy= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power required=  11.9780166667  kW\n",
-        "efficinecy=  83.486275552  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.32, Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=110*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.002#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "E=v+ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf=  226.024  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.33 Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "E=216.0#V\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "slots=144\n",
-      "con=6\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=con*slots\n",
-      "a=p\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "armatureE=(phi*z*n2*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the armature emf= \",armatureE,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the armature emf=  360.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.34 Page Number:933"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ar=p*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature resistance=\",ar"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature resistance= 0.6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ASNXGJK.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ASNXGJK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7862658a..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ASNXGJK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3137 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a9b903871f8bdf2f971bf001fa7cff3dbf47aad5e657d5bfcea016f9756d9ac"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 37: Alternators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.1, Page Number:1412"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s1=36.0\n",
-      "p1=4.0\n",
-      "span1=8.0\n",
-      "s2=72.0\n",
-      "p2=6.0\n",
-      "span2=10.0\n",
-      "s3=96.0\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "span3=12.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha1=2*p1*180/s1\n",
-      "alpha2=3*p2*180/s2\n",
-      "alpha3=5*p3*180/s3\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha1/2))\n",
-      "kc2=math.cos(math.radians(alpha2/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(alpha3/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)kc=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"b)kc=\",kc2\n",
-      "print \"c)kc=\",kc3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)kc= 0.939692620786\n",
-        "b)kc= 0.923879532511\n",
-        "c)kc= 0.881921264348\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.2, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=36.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/n\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"distribution factor=\",kd"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "distribution factor= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.3, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=10.0#V\n",
-      "beta=30.0#degrees\n",
-      "m=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "arith_sum=6*v\n",
-      "vector_sum=kd*arith_sum\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"emf of six coils in series=\",vector_sum,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of six coils in series= 38.6370330516 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.4, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "ratio=2.0/3.0\n",
-      "m1=9\n",
-      "m2=6\n",
-      "m3=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m1*math.radians(beta/2))/(m1*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(m2*math.radians(beta/2))/(m2*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(m3*math.radians(beta/2))/(m3*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i) kd=\",kd1\n",
-      "print \"ii)kd=\",kd2\n",
-      "print \"iii)kd=\",kd3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) kd= 0.639863387016\n",
-        "ii)kd= 0.831206922161\n",
-        "iii)kd= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.5, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slot=18.0\n",
-      "s=16.0\n",
-      "m1=3.0\n",
-      "m2=5.0\n",
-      "m3=7.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "span=(s-1)\n",
-      "alpha=180*3/slot\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(m1*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc5=math.cos(math.radians(m2*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc7=math.cos(math.radians(m3*alpha/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kc1=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"kc3=\",kc3\n",
-      "print \"kc5=\",kc5\n",
-      "print \"kc7=\",kc7"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kc1= 0.965925826289\n",
-        "kc3= 0.707106781187\n",
-        "kc5= 0.258819045103\n",
-        "kc7= -0.258819045103\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.6, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "s=144.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "phi=0.03#Wb\n",
-      "n=375.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "t=s*z/(3*2)\n",
-      "eph=4.44*1*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"phase emf=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 50.0 Hz\n",
-        "phase emf= 1534.464 V\n",
-        "line emf= 2657.76961039 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.7, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "s=54\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "t=8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(beta/2)\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=s*8/3\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "eph=4.44*0.98*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.*eph\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eph=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eph= 1804.529664 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.8, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "slots=144.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "n=375.0\n",
-      "airgap=5*0.01\n",
-      "theta=150.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "alpha=(180-theta)\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=slots/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "s=slots/3\n",
-      "eph=4*kf*kc*kd*f*airgap*s*4/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf per phase=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf per phase= 987.908016392 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.9, Page Number:1417"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "slots=180\n",
-      "s=15\n",
-      "d=1.2#m\n",
-      "l=0.4#m\n",
-      "m=6\n",
-      "beta=180/18\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "area=(1.2*3.14/p)*l\n",
-      "phi1=area*0.637\n",
-      "vr=1.1*2*f*phi1\n",
-      "vp=2**0.5*vr\n",
-      "v3=0.4*vp\n",
-      "v5=0.2*vp\n",
-      "vf=6*vp*0.966\n",
-      "vf3=6*v3*0.707\n",
-      "vf5=6*v5*0.259\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(math.radians(3*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(3*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(math.radians(5*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(5*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "vph=vf*2**0.5*60*kd1\n",
-      "vph3=vf3*2**0.5*60*kd2\n",
-      "vph5=vf5*2**0.5*60*kd3\n",
-      "rmsv=(vph**2+vph3**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "rmsvl=3**0.5*(vph**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)e=\",vp,\"sin theta+\",v3,\"sin 3theta+\",v5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)e=\",vf,\"sin theta+\",vf3,\"sin 3theta+\",vf5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)rms value of phase voltage=\",rmsv,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)e= 14.9354392872 sin theta+ 5.97417571489 sin 3theta+ 2.98708785745 sin 5theta\n",
-        "ii)e= 86.5658061088 sin theta+ 25.3424533826 sin 3theta+ 4.64193453047 sin 5theta\n",
-        "iii)rms value of phase voltage= 7158.83679423 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.10, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=60.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "s=3.0\n",
-      "theta=60.0\n",
-      "phi=0.943#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "m=slot/(p*s)\n",
-      "beta=slot/5\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "alpha=(s/15)*180\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "z=slot*z/s\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "eph=z*kf*kc*kd*f*phi*t/2\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph*0.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage= 13196.4478482 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.11, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=15.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "kd=0.95\n",
-      "e=1825#v\n",
-      "kc=1\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "slots=p*slot\n",
-      "slotsp=slots/3\n",
-      "turnp=20*z/2\n",
-      "phi=e/(3**0.5*p*kc*kf*kd*f*turnp)\n",
-      "z=slots*z\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "eg=(phi*0.001*z*n)/slots\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eg*1000,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 749.405577006 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.12, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=360#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=3.6#A\n",
-      "f2=40#Hz\n",
-      "i2=2.4#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=v*i2*f2/(f*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e2=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e2= 160.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.13, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=2\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "per=20#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=180-theta\n",
-      "slotp=6\n",
-      "m=2\n",
-      "beta=180/slotp\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=10*slot*z\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "e1=4.44*kd1*kd1*f*0.12*t\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(3*math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "f2=f*3\n",
-      "phi3=(1.0/3)*per*0.12\n",
-      "e3=4.44*kd3*kd3*theta*0.008*40\n",
-      "e=(e1**2+e3**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e=\",e,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e= 994.25286629 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.14, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "per2=6.0#%\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#star connection\n",
-      "e5=per*v/100\n",
-      "e=(v**2+e5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eph=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#delta\n",
-      "e3=10*v/100\n",
-      "f3=10*3\n",
-      "i=e3/f3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for star=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for delta=\",e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage for star= 400.358589267 V\n",
-        "line voltage for delta= 23.0 V\n",
-        "current= 0.766666666667 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(a), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10.0\n",
-      "p1=24.0\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "f1=p1*n/120\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "n3=(1-s)*n2\n",
-      "f2=s*f1p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f1,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 60.0 Hz\n",
-        "speed= 1140.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(b), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "slotsp=4\n",
-      "cp=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "slots=slotsp*3*p\n",
-      "c=cp*slots\n",
-      "turns=32\n",
-      "kb=math.sin(math.radians(60/2))/(p*math.sin(math.radians(7.5)))\n",
-      "kp=math.cos(math.radians(15))\n",
-      "eph=4.44*50*0.12*kb*0.966*turns\n",
-      "el=eph*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage 1365.94840977 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.16, Page Number:1426"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.66#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "iradrop=i*r\n",
-      "ixsdrop=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+i*r)**2+(vp*sinphi+i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"linevalue of emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "linevalue of emf= 11475.6408913 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(a), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=440.0#KVA\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "il=200.0#A\n",
-      "vf=1160.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zs=vf/200\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous impedence=\",zs,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous reactance=\",xs,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous impedence= 5.8 ohm\n",
-        "synchronous reactance= 5.77840808528 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(b), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.07#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*x\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e=((v+ira)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lag\n",
-      "e2=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf+ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lead\n",
-      "e3=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf-ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=1\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lag\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lead\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage with pf=1 225.174386048 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lag 234.604995966 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lead 208.03726621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.18(a), Page Number:1429"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "x=3.2#ohm\n",
-      "xl=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "rd=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*xl\n",
-      "ea=((v+rd)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*ea\n",
-      "e0=((v+rd)**2+(i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0l=e0*3**0.5\n",
-      "per=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "xa=x-xl\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"internal emf Ea=\",el,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"no load emf=\",e0l,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"valueof synchronous reactance=\",xa,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "internal emf Ea= 471.842539659 V\n",
-        "no load emf= 592.991130967 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 34.7707115833 %\n",
-        "valueof synchronous reactance= 2.7 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 87
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.19, Page Number:1432"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v/vt\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced voltage= 222.090276316 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.20, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.71\n",
-      "i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(pf2))\n",
-      "zs=v2/i\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e01=((v+r*i)**2+(i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8\n",
-      "e02=((v*pf+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.71\n",
-      "e03=((v*pf2+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi2+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg3=(e03-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation unity pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf=\",reg3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.6\n",
-        "voltage regulation unity pf= 6.88779163216 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -8.875640156 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf= 21.1141910671 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.21, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "i1=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=200.0#A\n",
-      "v2=1040.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "e01=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "e02=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= 2.20611574348 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -1.77945143824 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 112
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.22, Page Number:1434"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1600.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=13500.0#V\n",
-      "r=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=30.0#ohm\n",
-      "load1=1280.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load1*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi1-ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= -11.9909032489 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.23, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "thetadel=math.atan((vp*sinphi+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira))\n",
-      "delta=math.degrees(thetadel)-math.degrees(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",delta,\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 48.0405877623 %\n",
-        "power angle= 18.9704078085 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.24, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6000.0#KVA\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "p=2.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i2=125.0#A\n",
-      "v1=8000.0#V\n",
-      "i3=800.0#A\n",
-      "d=0.03\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v1/(3**0.5*i3)\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "rd=d*vp\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=rd\n",
-      "ra=ira/il\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-ra**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+il*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= 62.2972136768 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.25, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "i=600#A\n",
-      "v2=900#V\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i)\n",
-      "rp=r/2\n",
-      "re=rp*1.5\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-re**2)**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=il*rp\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp+ira)**2+(ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1\",reg1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8\",reg2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=1 7.32796146323 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 23.8398862235 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.26, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "load1=11#KV\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x=5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "vt=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=solve(((pf*v+ira)**2+(sinphi*v-ixs)**2)**0.5-e0,v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v[1],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 6978.31767618569 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.27, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1200#KVA\n",
-      "load1=3.3#KV\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=35#A\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=1.1#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v*1000/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "e=v+ia*zs\n",
-      "change=(e-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"per unit change=\",change"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "per unit change= 0.349909254054\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 151
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.28, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11#kV\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v2=12370#V\n",
-      "vt=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E0=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v2/3**0.5\n",
-      "pf=0\n",
-      "sinphi=1\n",
-      "xs=(v-(E0**2-(i*r)**2)**0.5)/i\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "e0=((E0*pf+ira)**2+(E0*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-E0)*100/E0\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 19.6180576177 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.29, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=3500#v\n",
-      "load=2280#KW\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "r=8#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vl=vt/3**0.5\n",
-      "vp=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1*pf)\n",
-      "drop=vl-vp\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x=vl/(z+drop/il)\n",
-      "vtp=vl-x*drop/il\n",
-      "vtpl=vtp*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",vtpl,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 3420.781893 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.30, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.5#MVA\n",
-      "v=4160#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "zs=4750/(3**0.5*il)\n",
-      "ra=0\n",
-      "ixs=il*zs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(regn,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 91.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.31, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=20#A\n",
-      "i_f=37.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "eo=7600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(i_f**2+i*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "reg=(eo-v)*100/v\n",
-      "i=100*i_f/i_f1\n",
-      "zs=100*100/i\n",
-      "Eo=math.sqrt((100+zs*0.6)**2+(zs*pf)**2)\n",
-      "reg2=(Eo-100)*100/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation:\"\n",
-      "print \"by ampere turn method=\",reg,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"by synchronous impedence method=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation:\n",
-        "by ampere turn method= 15 %\n",
-        "by synchronous impedence method= 38.7243469779 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.32, Page Number:1442"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "V=v/math.sqrt(3)+(i*r**pf)\n",
-      "reg=(1555-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "reg2=(1080-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 lagging:\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 leading:\",round(reg2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 lagging: 34.7 %\n",
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 leading: -6.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.33, Page Number:1443"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x_drop=0.1\n",
-      "r_drop=0.02\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "p=800000#VA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ir_drop=r_drop*vp\n",
-      "leakage=x_drop*vp\n",
-      "E=math.sqrt((vp*pf+ir_drop)**2+(vp*0.6+leakage)**2)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I=\",round(i),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I= 140.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.34, Page Number:1444"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=17#A\n",
-      "p=2000000.0#VA\n",
-      "i_f2=42.5#A\n",
-      "v=6000.0/math.sqrt(3)#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((v*pf)**2+(v*0.6+450)**2)\n",
-      "#corresponding i=26.5 A\n",
-      "#field amperes required for balancing armature reaction=14.5A\n",
-      "i_f=math.sqrt(26.5**2+14.5**2+2*26.5*14.4*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resulting field current=\",round(i_f,1),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resulting field current= 36.9 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.35, Page Number:1446"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((vp*pf+i*2)**2+(vp*0.6+p/1000)**2)\n",
-      "i1=math.sqrt(108**2+30**2+2*108*30*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "#corresponding emf=7700V\n",
-      "reg=(7700-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage regulation= 21.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.36, Page Number:1448"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "p=275000.0#W\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "stator_i=35.0#A\n",
-      "exciting_i=50.0#A\n",
-      "x=0.08\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x_drop=v*x/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ia=i*exciting_i/stator_i\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(vp**2+x_drop**2)\n",
-      "oc=59.8#field current corresponding tothe voltage\n",
-      "i_fl=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "ia2=exciting_i*i_fl/stator_i\n",
-      "ei=math.sqrt(ia2**2+oc**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Exciting current=\",round(ei),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Exciting current= 69.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.37, Page Number:1449"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=600000.0#VA\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "l_drop=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "amp_turns=1.06*i*200.0/8\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "x_drop=vp*l_drop/100\n",
-      "oa=1910.0#V\n",
-      "reg=(2242.0-oa)*100/oa\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 17.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.38, Page Number:1450"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=15000000#VA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=8400\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "xl=640/i\n",
-      "zs=(v1/math.sqrt(3))/i\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eo=7540\n",
-      "reg=(eo-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 18.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.39, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "xd=0.7\n",
-      "xq=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(math.radians(36.9)+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"no load voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 14.4702941001 degrees\n",
-        "no load voltage= 1.51511515874 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.40, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "xd=0.6\n",
-      "xq=0.45\n",
-      "ra=0.015\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tanpsi=(v*sinphi+ia*xq)/(v*pf+ia*ra)\n",
-      "psi=math.atan(tanpsi)\n",
-      "delta=psi-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(psi)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(psi)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+iq*ra+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"open circuit voltage=\",e0,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "open circuit voltage= 1.44767600311 V\n",
-        "regulation= 44.7676003107 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.41, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=10#A\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(20)\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+ia*xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(phi+delta)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(phi+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"id=\",i_d,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iq=\",iq,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 8.23131209115 degrees\n",
-        "id= 4.7303232581 A\n",
-        "iq= 8.81045071911 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 189
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.42, Page Number:1459"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e1=220#V\n",
-      "f1=60#Hz\n",
-      "e2=222#V\n",
-      "f2=59#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "emax=(e1+e2)/2\n",
-      "emin=(e2-e1)/2\n",
-      "f=(f1-f2)\n",
-      "epeak=emax/0.707\n",
-      "pulse=(f1-f2)*60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max voltage=\",emax,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"min voltage=\",emin,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"peak value of voltage=\",epeak,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"number of maximum light pulsations/minute=\",pulse"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max voltage= 221 V\n",
-        "min voltage= 1 V\n",
-        "frequency= 1 Hz\n",
-        "peak value of voltage= 312.588401697 V\n",
-        "number of maximum light pulsations/minute= 60\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.43, Page Number:1462"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=1500#kVA\n",
-      "v=6.6#kV\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=power*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "tanphialpha=(vp*math.sin(phi)+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira)\n",
-      "phialpha=math.atan(tanphialpha)\n",
-      "alpha=phialpha-phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power angle= 7.87684146241\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 198
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.44, Page Number:1464"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#KVA\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v=3300#v\n",
-      "x=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ixs=x*vp\n",
-      "xs=x*vp/i\n",
-      "alpha=1*p/2\n",
-      "psy=3*3.14*vp**2/(60*xs*n)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronizing power=\",psy,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tsy*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronizing power= 628.0 kW\n",
-        "torque= 5997.4 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.45, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v1=3.3#kV\n",
-      "r=0.25\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000000/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,r*vp)\n",
-      "xs=ixs/i\n",
-      "v=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(e0.imag/e0.real)-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p=6/2\n",
-      "psy=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(alpha)*math.sin(math.radians(3))/xs\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*3*psy*100/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",-psy*3/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"toque=\",-tsy/100,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 722.236196153j kW\n",
-        "toque= 6897.35567326j N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 221
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.46, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#KVA\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=1#%\n",
-      "x=15#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "vph=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=r*vph/1000\n",
-      "ra=ira/i\n",
-      "xs=x*vph/(100*i)\n",
-      "zs=(ra**2+xs**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "alpha=p/2\n",
-      "psy=math.radians(alpha)*vph**2/xs\n",
-      "#fl 0.8 pf\n",
-      "e=((vph*pf+i*ra)**2+(vph*math.sin(math.acos(pf)+i*xs))**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy2=math.radians(alpha)*e*vph/xs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous power at:\"\n",
-      "print \"no load=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf of 0.8=\",psy2,\"w\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous power at:\n",
-        "no load= 58177.6417331 W\n",
-        "at pf of 0.8= 73621.2350169 w\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.47, Page Number:1466"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "v1=6000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(4)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "e0=((v*pf)**2+(v*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i*r)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy=alpha*e0*v*3/r\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous torque=\",tsy,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 514916.500204 W\n",
-        "synchronous torque= 6556.60343593 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.48, Page Number:1467"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "xs=r*vp/(1000*i)\n",
-      "p=120*f/n\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(2)\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "psy=3*alpha*vp**2/(p*1000)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy*1000/(n*2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8\n",
-      "v2=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,i*4)\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "psy2=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(math.radians(8.1))*math.sin(math.radians(2))*3/4\n",
-      "tsy2=9.55*psy2/(n*20)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power:\"\n",
-      "print \"atno load=\",psy,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"at 0.8 pf=\",psy2,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"torque:\"\n",
-      "print \"at no load=\",tsy,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8=\",tsy2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power:\n",
-        "atno load= 872.664625997 w\n",
-        "at 0.8 pf= 1506057.44405 w\n",
-        "torque:\n",
-        "at no load= 2777.98239276 N-m\n",
-        "at pf=0.8= 479.428286357 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.49, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6.6#kW\n",
-      "load1=3000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "xa=complex(0.5,10)\n",
-      "xb=complex(0.4,12)\n",
-      "i0=150#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=complex(load*1000/3**0.5,0)\n",
-      "cosphi1=1500*1000/(load*1000*i0*3**0.5)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(cosphi1)\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(phi1)\n",
-      "i=328*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "i1=i0*complex(cosphi1,-sinphi1)\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "coshi2=i2.real/181\n",
-      "ea=v+i1*xa\n",
-      "eal=3**0.5*abs(ea)\n",
-      "eb=v+i2*xb\n",
-      "ebl=3**0.5*abs(eb)\n",
-      "alpha1=(ea.imag/ea.real)\n",
-      "alpha2=(eb.imag/eb.real)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Ea=\",ea,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha1=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha2=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Ea= (4602.91884998+1275.81974829j) V\n",
-        "Eb= (5352.42648271+1524.56032028j) V\n",
-        "alpha1= 15.8810288383 degrees\n",
-        "alpha2= 16.3198639435 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 245
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.50, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declration\n",
-      "e1=complex(230,0)\n",
-      "e2=230*complex(0.985,0.174)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0,2)\n",
-      "z2=complex(0,3)\n",
-      "z=6\n",
-      "i1=((e1-e2)*z+e1*z2)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i2=((e2-e1)*z+e2*z1)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*z\n",
-      "p1=abs(v)*abs(i1)*math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=abs(v)*abs(i2)*math.cos(math.atan(i2.imag/i2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power 1=\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power 2=\",p2,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= (222.905384615-28.5730769231j) V\n",
-        "current (37.1508974359-4.76217948718j) A\n",
-        "power 1= 3210.60292765 W\n",
-        "power 2= 5138.29001053 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 249
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.51, Page Number:1471"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1500#kW\n",
-      "v=11#KV\n",
-      "pf=0.867\n",
-      "x=50#ohm\n",
-      "r=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "iwatt=il*pf\n",
-      "iwattless=il*sinphi\n",
-      "i1=il/2\n",
-      "i2=iwatt/2\n",
-      "iw1=(i**2-i1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw2=i2-iw1\n",
-      "ia=(i2**2+iw2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "vt=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ir=i*r\n",
-      "ix=x*i\n",
-      "cosphi=i2/i\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "e=((vt*cosphi+ir)**2+(vt*sinphi+ix)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 43.4628778514 A\n",
-        "line voltage= 14304.0798593 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.52, Page Number:1472"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=6000#kW\n",
-      "pfa=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phia=math.acos(pfa)\n",
-      "tanphi=math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "tanphia=math.tan(phia)\n",
-      "loadkvar=load*1000*tanphi\n",
-      "akvar=output*tanphia\n",
-      "kwb=(load*1000-output)\n",
-      "kvarb=loadkvar-akvar\n",
-      "kvab=complex(kwb,kvarb)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(math.atan(kvab.imag/kvab.real))\n",
-      "kvarb=kwb*pfb\n",
-      "kvara=-loadkvar-kvarb\n",
-      "kvaa=complex(output,kvara)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(math.atan(kvaa.imag/kvaa.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new pfb=\",pfb\n",
-      "print \"new pfa=\",pfa"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new pfb= 0.628980253433\n",
-        "new pfa= 0.513894032194\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.54, Page Number:1473"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "load=1000#KVA\n",
-      "x=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=87.5\n",
-      "x=8.7\n",
-      "vp=3810\n",
-      "e0=4311\n",
-      "ir=70\n",
-      "ix=52.5\n",
-      "IX=762\n",
-      "vb1=(e0**2-vp**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1x=vb1\n",
-      "i1=i1x/x\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*v*i1/1000\n",
-      "b2v=(vp**2+e0**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2z=b2v\n",
-      "i2=b2v/x\n",
-      "i2rx=e0\n",
-      "i2r=i2rx/x\n",
-      "i2x=vp/x\n",
-      "tanphi2=i2x/i2r\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(tanphi2)\n",
-      "cosphi2=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "output1=3**0.5*v*i2*cosphi2/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output at unity pf=\",output,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output1,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " power output at unity pf= 2650.38477722 kW\n",
-        "max power output= 5664.52285143 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 255
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.55, Page Number:1474"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=220.0#A\n",
-      "load=11.0#kV\n",
-      "per=25.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "oa1=load*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "a1c1=i*x\n",
-      "e0=(oa1**2+a1c1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "emf=(1+per/100)*e0\n",
-      "a1a2=(emf**2-a1c1**2)**0.5-oa1\n",
-      "ix=a1a2/x\n",
-      "i1=(i**2+ix**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=i/i1\n",
-      "bv=(oa1**2+emf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "imax=bv/x\n",
-      "ir=emf/x\n",
-      "ix=oa1/x\n",
-      "pfmax=ir/imax\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*load*1000*imax*pfmax*0.001\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new current= 281.573453399 A\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.781323655849\n",
-        "max power output= 16006.7954319 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 258
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.56, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#MVA\n",
-      "load1=35.0#MVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=25.0#MVA\n",
-      "cosphi1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loadmw=load1*pf\n",
-      "loadmvar=load1*0.6\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "mva1=25\n",
-      "mw1=mva1*cosphi1\n",
-      "mvar1=25*sinphi1\n",
-      "mw2=loadmw-mw1\n",
-      "mvar2=loadmvar-mvar1\n",
-      "mva2=(mw2**2+mvar2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cosphi2=mw2/mva2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",mva2\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 10.4509862952\n",
-        "pf= 0.52626611926\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 260
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.57, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "load=600#KW\n",
-      "loadm=707#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "output=900#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kva=1000\n",
-      "kvar=kva*(1-pf1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "active_p=1307-output\n",
-      "reactive_p=loadm-kvar\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"active power shared by second machine=\",active_p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"reactive power shared by second machine=\",reactive_p,\"kVAR\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "active power shared by second machine= 407 kW\n",
-        "reactive power shared by second machine= 271.110105646 kVAR\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.58, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l1=500#kW\n",
-      "l2=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "l3=800#kW\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "l4=500#kW\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "output=1500#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.95\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kw1=l1\n",
-      "kw2=l2\n",
-      "kw3=l3\n",
-      "kw4=500\n",
-      "kvar2=kw2*0.436/pf1\n",
-      "kvar3=kw3*0.6/pf2\n",
-      "kvar4=kw4*0.436/pf3\n",
-      "kvar=output/pf\n",
-      "kw=kw1+kw2+kw3+kw4-output\n",
-      "kvar=kvar2+kvar3+kvar4-kvar\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(math.atan(kvar/kw))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW output=\",kw\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kW output= 1300\n",
-        "pf= 0.981685651341\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 264
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.59, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,2)\n",
-      "ze=complex(3,4)\n",
-      "emf1=complex(2000,0)\n",
-      "emf2=complex(22000,100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=complex(68.2,-102.5)\n",
-      "i2=complex(127,-196.4)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*ze\n",
-      "pva1=v*i1\n",
-      "kw1=pva1.real*3\n",
-      "a11=math.atan(-i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "a12=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(a11-a12)\n",
-      "pva2=v*i2\n",
-      "kw2=pva2.real*3\n",
-      "a21=math.atan(-i2.imag/i2.real)\n",
-      "a22=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(a21-a22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kw output 1=\",kw1/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 1=\",pf1\n",
-      "print \"kw output 2=\",kw2/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 2=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kw output 1= 328.79427\n",
-        "pf 1= 0.606839673468\n",
-        "kw output 2= 610.34892\n",
-        "pf 2= 0.596381892841\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 273
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.63, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500#rpm\n",
-      "j=1.5*10**4#khm2\n",
-      "ratio=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"natural time period of oscillation=\",round(t,3),\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "natural time period of oscillation= 1.364 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.64, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10000#KVA\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "xs=25#%\n",
-      "pf=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=100/xs\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "j=(pf/(0.0083*ns))**2*load*ratio*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"moment of inertia=\",j/1000,\"x10^4 kg-m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "moment of inertia= 29.0317898098 x10^4 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 277
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.65, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#MVA\n",
-      "v=10.0#kV\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "j=2.0*10**5#kgm2\n",
-      "x=40.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=100.0/x\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*1000*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of oscillation of the rotor=\",round(1/t,1),\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of oscillation of the rotor= 0.2 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 283
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.66, Page Number:1483"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "z=complex(1,10)\n",
-      "emf=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=emf*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "costheta=z.real/abs(z)\n",
-      "pmax=e*v*3/(z.imag*1000)\n",
-      "pmax_per_phase=(v/abs(z))*(e-(v/abs(z)))*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max output =\",pmax_per_phase/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max output = 14125.5529273 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 285
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.67, Page Number:1484"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11#kVA\n",
-      "load1=10#MW\n",
-      "z=complex(0.8,8.0)\n",
-      "v=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pmax=(load*1000/3**0.5)*(v*1000/3**0.5)*3/z.imag\n",
-      "imax=((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5/z.imag\n",
-      "pf=(v/3**0.5)*1000/((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum output=\",pmax/1000000,\"MW\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",imax,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum output= 19.25 MW\n",
-        "current= 1284.92866209 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.786318338822\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 289
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_BQB3vIT.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_BQB3vIT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 894eff9f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_BQB3vIT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:9895a0f3fc78aa13cc793dfc60b4d616a3af11e4983465d122ac29be7197893e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 25: Elements of Electro-Mechanical Energy Conversion"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.1, Page Number:876"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sod=15#stator-core outer diameter\n",
-      "sid=10.05#stator-core inner diameter\n",
-      "rod=10.00#rotor-core outer diameter\n",
-      "rid=5#rotor-core inner diameter\n",
-      "a=8#axial lenght of the machine\n",
-      "b=1.20\n",
-      "ur=1000\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=(3.14/4)*((sod*sod)-(sid*sid))*a#volume of stator-core\n",
-      "vr=(3.14/4)*((rod*rod)-(rid*rid))*a#volume of rotor-core\n",
-      "va=(3.14/4)*((sid*sid)-(rod*rod))*a#volume of air-gap in the machine\n",
-      "ed=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7))\n",
-      "e=ed*va*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "edm=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)*ur)\n",
-      "es=edm*vs*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "er=edm*vr*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "kr=(vs+vr)/vs\n",
-      "ke=(es+er)/e\n",
-      "ratio=kr/ke\n",
-      "eratio=e/(es+er)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in air gap= \",e,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in stator-core= \",round(es,2),\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in rotor core= \",er,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores=\",round(eratio)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Energy stored in air gap=  3.609  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in stator-core=  0.45  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in rotor core=  0.27  Joules\n",
-        "Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores= 5.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.2, Page Number:877"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#turns\n",
-      "area=5*5#cross sectional area\n",
-      "i=1.25#amp\n",
-      "x=0.25#cm\n",
-      "l=0.402\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p=4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)/(0.5*10**(-2))\n",
-      "l=n**2*p\n",
-      "em=.5*i*i*l\n",
-      "W=-1*0.5*n**2*4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)*i**2/(0.5*10**(-2))**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)coil inductance=\",l,\"H\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)field energy stored=\",em,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)mechanical energy output=\",W,\"NW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)coil inductance= 0.40192 H\n",
-        "  ii)field energy stored= 0.314 J\n",
-        "b)mechanical energy output= -62.8 NW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.4, Page Number:882"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "lo=50#mH\n",
-      "xo=0.05#cm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.075#cm\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "x2=0.15#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "l1=2*lo/(1+(x/xo))\n",
-      "lambda1=l1*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "W=0.5*l1*i2**2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "l2=2*lo/(1+(x2/xo))\n",
-      "lambda2=l2*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "w2=0.5*i2*(lambda1-lambda2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",W,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic stored energy=\",w2,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.5, Page Number:883"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rc=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=3#V\n",
-      "i=6#A\n",
-      "l1=40#mH\n",
-      "l2=25#mH\n",
-      "wfld=0.5*l2*i*i*0.001\n",
-      "delE=0.5*i*i*0.001*(l1-l2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",wfld,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic store energy=\",delE,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)magnetic stored energy= 0.45 J\n",
-        "b)change in magnetic store energy= 0.27 J\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_BdKInur.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_BdKInur.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e889465f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_BdKInur.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:c262c33cbbcf1d1756b9358f8cf1d8ed92f53825858905e2598fd8e15870c7ca"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 39: Special Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.1, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "p=8.0 #number of poles\n",
-      "tp=5.0 #number of teeth for each pole\n",
-      "nr=50.0 #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=p*tp #number of stator teeth\n",
-      "B=((nr-ns)*360)/(nr*ns) #stepping angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stepping angle is \",B,\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stepping angle is  1.8 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.2, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=2.5\n",
-      "rn=25\n",
-      "f=3600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=360/B\n",
-      "s=r*rn\n",
-      "n=(B*f)/360\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resolution =\",int(r),\"steps/revolution\"\n",
-      "print \" Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions =\",int(s)\n",
-      "print \" Shaft speed\", int(n),\"rps\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " Resolution = 144 steps/revolution\n",
-        "Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions = 3600\n",
-        "Shaft speed 25 rps\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.3, Page Number:1544"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=15 #stepping angle\n",
-      "pn=3 #number of phases\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#number of stator teeth\n",
-      "ns1=((360*nr)/(360-(nr*B))) #ns>nr\n",
-      "ns2=((360*nr)/(360+(nr*B))) #nr>ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"When ns>nr: ns= \",ns1\n",
-      "print \"When nr>ns: ns= \",ns2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "When ns>nr: ns=  12\n",
-        "When nr>ns: ns=  6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.4, Page Number:1545"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=1.8\n",
-      "pn=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "ns=nr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of rotor teeth = \",int(nr)\n",
-      "print \"Number of statot teeth = \",int(ns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of rotor teeth =  50.0\n",
-        "Number of statot teeth =  50.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.5, Page Number:1555"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=40\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a) For a=40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=(-40)\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"b) For a=-40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "e12=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-150))\n",
-      "e23=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-30))\n",
-      "e31=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a+90))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"c) For a=30 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e12=\" ,e12,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e23=\" ,e23,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e31=\" ,e31,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a) For a=40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "   e3s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "b) For a=-40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "   e3s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "c) For a=30 degrees\n",
-        "   e12= -17.3205080757 V\n",
-        "   e23= 34.6410161514 V\n",
-        "   e31= -17.3205080757 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_CK1r2By.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_CK1r2By.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cee05..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_CK1r2By.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1433 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:62e227cc38186a0706017dd159987c82bd21be1d7e8602e20c55cf079ab30efe"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 33: Transformer:Three Phase"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.1, Page Number:1216"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vd=22000.0#V\n",
-      "vs=400.0#V\n",
-      "phi=0.8\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "v_phase_secondary=vs/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=(vs/vd)/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_primary=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_secondary=i_primary/K\n",
-      "il=i_secondary\n",
-      "output=math.sqrt(3)*il*vs*phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output=\",output/10000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output= 15.2420471066 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.2, Page Number:1217"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vls=11.0#kV\n",
-      "vld=33.0#kV\n",
-      "rh=35.0#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.876#ohm\n",
-      "iron_loss=3050.0#W\n",
-      "phi1=1.0\n",
-      "phi2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=(vls*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vld*1000)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i_Secondary=(w*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vls*1000)\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "fl_culoss=3*((w/(vls*math.sqrt(3)))**2)*r02\n",
-      "fl_totalloss=fl_culoss+iron_loss\n",
-      "fl_efficiency1=w*1000/(w*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "fl_efficiency2=(phi2*w*1000)/(w*phi2*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "cu_loss=.5**2*fl_culoss\n",
-      "totalloss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency1=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000*phi2/2)/((phi2*w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",fl_efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",fl_efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",round(efficiency2*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.5147491838 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.1503046336 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.3585709725 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.3, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.02\n",
-      "va=2000\n",
-      "reactance=0.1\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*100*va/100\n",
-      "regn=r*100*math.cos(phi)+reactance*100*math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Cu loss= 40.0 kW\n",
-        "Regulation= 7.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.4, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=120.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0\n",
-      "v2=400.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=1600.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss_fl=iron_loss*((4/3)**2)\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf*1000\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "efficiency1=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss_hl=0.5**2*cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "total_loss2=cu_loss_hl+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+total_loss2)\n",
-      "total_loss3=2*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(3.0/4)*w*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output+total_loss3\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"3/4 load efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "3/4 load efficiency= 96.5665236052 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.5, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rp=8.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "z=0.07\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "v1=33.0\n",
-      "v2=6.6\n",
-      "w=2*10.0**6\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "fl_i=w/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*10**3)\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rs+(rp*(K*K))\n",
-      "z_drop=z*v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z02=z_drop/fl_i\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt((z02*z02)-(r02*r02))\n",
-      "drop=fl_i*(r02*math.cos(phi)+x02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "V2=secondary_v-drop\n",
-      "line_v=V2*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/secondary_v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage\",line_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary voltage 6254.29059005 V\n",
-        "regulation= 5.23802136291 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.6, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=100.0#kWA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "rh=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.958\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=0.8*100\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=(inpt-output)*1000\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i2=((w*1000)/math.sqrt(3))/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ironloss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.0371411080502\n",
-        "2321.31925314\n",
-        "ironloss= 1185.98763622 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.7, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=5000.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6.6#kV\n",
-      "v2=33.0#kV\n",
-      "nl=15.0#kW\n",
-      "fl=50.0#kW\n",
-      "drop=0.07\n",
-      "load=3200.0#kw\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i2=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*1000)\n",
-      "impedence_drop=drop*(v2/math.sqrt(3))*1000\n",
-      "z02=impedence_drop/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=fl-nl\n",
-      "r02=cu_loss*1000/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt(z02**2-r02**2)\n",
-      "print \"full-load x02:\",x02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#when load=3200#kW\n",
-      "i2=load/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*0.8)\n",
-      "drop_=drop*1000*(r02*math.cos(phi)+z02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "regn=(drop_*100)/(v2*1000/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "vp=v1+regn/100*v1\n",
-      "print \"Primary voltage=\",vp*1000,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load x02: 15.1695784661\n",
-        "Primary voltage= 6851.39317975 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 95
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.8, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1\n",
-      "x=6\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=4800#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)+z*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2+regn/100*v2\n",
-      "secondary_vp=secondary_v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=secondary_vp/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Transformation Ratio=\",K"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Transformation Ratio= 0.423426587968\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.9, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "scv=400#V\n",
-      "sci=175#A\n",
-      "scw=17#kW\n",
-      "ocv=400#V\n",
-      "oci=150#A\n",
-      "ocw=15#kW\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=sci/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=scv/i1\n",
-      "r01=scw*1000/(3*i1*i1)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "r=i1*r01*100/v1\n",
-      "x=i1*x01*100/v1\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)-x*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "I1=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "total_loss=scw+ocw\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"% resistance=\",r,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% reactance=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"%regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "% resistance= 0.849779616989 %\n",
-        "% reactance= 6.00073499035 %\n",
-        "% efficiency= 98.0392156863 %\n",
-        "%regulation= -2.92061730062 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.10, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "secondary_rating=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "primary_i=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "voltsamps=v1*5/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i2=voltsamps/secondary_rating\n",
-      "output=pf*voltsamps/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Each coil current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Total output=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Each coil current= 125.0 A\n",
-        "Total output= 25.4034118443 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.12, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_per_transformer=load/2*1.15\n",
-      "delta_delta_rating=kVA_per_transformer*3\n",
-      "increase=(delta_delta_rating-load)*100/load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase=\",increase,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase= 72.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 126
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.13, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=20#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#v\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva_load=load/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "percent_rated=kva_load*100/w\n",
-      "kvarating_vv=2*w*0.866\n",
-      "vv_delta=kvarating_vv*100/60\n",
-      "percentage_increase=kva_load/(load/3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load of each transformer=\",kva_load,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer=\",percent_rated,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank\",kvarating_vv,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank\",vv_delta,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)percent increase in load=\",percentage_increase*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load of each transformer= 23.0940107676 kVA\n",
-        "ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer= 115.470053838 %\n",
-        "iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank 34.64 kVA\n",
-        "iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank 57.7333333333 %\n",
-        "v)percent increase in load= 177.646236674 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.14, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(pf*math.sqrt(3)*1000)\n",
-      "ip=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=v1/v\n",
-      "ip=ip*ratio\n",
-      "I=il\n",
-      "Ip=I*ratio\n",
-      "pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"delta-delta:current in the windings=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"v-v:current in the windings=\",Ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Power factor\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "delta-delta:current in the windings= 28.8683602771 A\n",
-        "v-v:current in the windings= 50.0014667312 A\n",
-        "Power factor 0.749956\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.15, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#kW\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "transformer_pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "additional_load=72.5/100*load\n",
-      "total_load=additional_load+load\n",
-      "il=total_load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Il=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"phase current=\",il/math.sqrt(3),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Il= 339.521323075 A\n",
-        "phase current= 196.022727273 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.16, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_each=(load/2)/pf\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p1=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30-phi))\n",
-      "p2=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30+phi))\n",
-      "p=p1+p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA supplied by each transformer=\",kVA_each,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"kW supplied by each transformer=\",p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA supplied by each transformer= 230.946882217 kVA\n",
-        "kW supplied by each transformer= 399.995027715 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 136
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.17, Page Number:1228"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=33.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "ilp=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "ils=ilp/(440/v2)\n",
-      "main_kva=v2*ilp*0.001\n",
-      "teaser_kva=0.866*main_kva\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage rating of each coil=\",vl\n",
-      "print \"current rating of each coil=\",ils\n",
-      "print \"main kVA=\",main_kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"teaser kVA=\",teaser_kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage rating of each coil= 2857.8\n",
-        "current rating of each coil= 43.3012701892\n",
-        "main kVA= 19.0525588833 kVA\n",
-        "teaser kVA= 16.4995159929 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 139
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.18, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "output=150.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=v2/v\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/(2*v2)\n",
-      "i1=i2*ratio\n",
-      "primary_volts=(math.sqrt(3)*v)/2\n",
-      "ratio=v2/primary_volts\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"turns ratio\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 170.454545455 A\n",
-        "turns ratio 0.524863881081\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.19, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "p=400.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2=p*1000/(pf*v)\n",
-      "ip=1.15*K*i2\n",
-      "I2m=K*i2\n",
-      "i2=ip/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#reslult\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 174.77684841 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.20, Page Number:1232"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w1=300#kW\n",
-      "w2=450#kW\n",
-      "v1=100#V\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "v2=3300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2t=(w2*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "I2m=(K*w1*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i2=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 169.804606659 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.21, Page Number:1233"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=80.0#V\n",
-      "v2=11000.0#V\n",
-      "w1=500.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=800.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"unity pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n",
-      "#0.5 pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "print \"0.5 pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "unity pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 52.2727272727 A whereas the other 2 carry 77.281082436 A each\n",
-        "0.5 pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 104.545454545 A whereas the other 2 carry 154.562164872 A each\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 171
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.22, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=50#V\n",
-      "v2=4.6*1000#V\n",
-      "load=350#kW\n",
-      "w=200#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "i2t=w*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=load*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "Ki2m=K*i2m\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(Ki2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in line A=\",i1t\n",
-      "print \"current in line B=\",i1m\n",
-      "print \"current in line C=\",i1m"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in line A= 62.5\n",
-        "current in line B= 100.11107076\n",
-        "current in line C= 100.11107076\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 173
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.23, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=231#V\n",
-      "v2=6600#v\n",
-      "volt_induced=8#v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "hv=v2/volt_induced\n",
-      "vl=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "n_lv1=vl/volt_induced\n",
-      "n_lv2=math.sqrt(3)*n_lv1/2\n",
-      "n=2*n_lv2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"neutral point is located on the\",math.ceil(n),\"th turn from A downwards\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "neutral point is located on the 29.0 th turn from A downwards\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.24, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "area=300.0#cm2\n",
-      "flux=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v/(4.44*f*flux*area*0.0001*0.9)\n",
-      "K=v2/v\n",
-      "n2=n1*K\n",
-      "n_lv=math.sqrt(3)*n2/2\n",
-      "turns=n_lv*2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"NUmber of turns in AN=\",math.floor(turns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " NUmber of turns in AN= 35.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 183
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.25, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "load=30.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "kva=il*vl*(0.001)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",vl,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage= 216.5 V\n",
-        "kVA rating 14.9995599935 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.26, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#vaiable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,5)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load*complex(math.cos(phi),math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "z1=za/zb\n",
-      "z2=zb/za\n",
-      "sa=s/(1+z1)\n",
-      "sb=s/(1+z2)\n",
-      "pfa=cmath.phase(sa)\n",
-      "pfb=cmath.phase(sb)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",abs(sa)\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",abs(sb)\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_a=\",pfa\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_b=\",pfb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 230.042839552\n",
-        "sb= 270.171613479\n",
-        "cos phi_a= 0.611765735265\n",
-        "cos phi_b= 0.670521557981\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.27, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "w1=4000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=5000#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,8)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.6,3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "za_per=(w1/w)*za\n",
-      "zb_per=zb\n",
-      "z=za_per+zb_per\n",
-      "s=complex(w1,w-w2)\n",
-      "sb=s*(za/z)\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (2284.2287695-1821.49046794j)\n",
-        "sb= (1715.7712305-1178.50953206j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 211
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.28, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "w1=1000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(0.001,0.003)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.0028,0.005)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (929.911014012-588.664867724j)\n",
-        "sb= (282.488985988-111.396729565j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.29, Page Number:1238"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "w1=500#kVA\n",
-      "w2=250#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "per_r=za.real*(sa.real)/w1\n",
-      "per_x=(za.imag)*(sa.imag)/w1\n",
-      "total_per=per_r+per_x\n",
-      "vl=v2-(total_per*4)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (399.511103547-348.770523615j)\n",
-        "sb= (130.738896453-181.639636072j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 242
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.30, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=100/5\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=i1*ratio\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 70.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.31, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=2000#A\n",
-      "i2=2500#A\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio1=i1/i\n",
-      "ratio2=i2/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio in first case=\",ratio1\n",
-      "print \"ratio in second case=\",ratio2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio in first case= 400\n",
-        "ratio in second case= 500\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_EIfrtvz.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_EIfrtvz.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7862658a..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_EIfrtvz.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3137 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a9b903871f8bdf2f971bf001fa7cff3dbf47aad5e657d5bfcea016f9756d9ac"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 37: Alternators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.1, Page Number:1412"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s1=36.0\n",
-      "p1=4.0\n",
-      "span1=8.0\n",
-      "s2=72.0\n",
-      "p2=6.0\n",
-      "span2=10.0\n",
-      "s3=96.0\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "span3=12.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha1=2*p1*180/s1\n",
-      "alpha2=3*p2*180/s2\n",
-      "alpha3=5*p3*180/s3\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha1/2))\n",
-      "kc2=math.cos(math.radians(alpha2/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(alpha3/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)kc=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"b)kc=\",kc2\n",
-      "print \"c)kc=\",kc3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)kc= 0.939692620786\n",
-        "b)kc= 0.923879532511\n",
-        "c)kc= 0.881921264348\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.2, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=36.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/n\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"distribution factor=\",kd"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "distribution factor= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.3, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=10.0#V\n",
-      "beta=30.0#degrees\n",
-      "m=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "arith_sum=6*v\n",
-      "vector_sum=kd*arith_sum\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"emf of six coils in series=\",vector_sum,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of six coils in series= 38.6370330516 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.4, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "ratio=2.0/3.0\n",
-      "m1=9\n",
-      "m2=6\n",
-      "m3=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m1*math.radians(beta/2))/(m1*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(m2*math.radians(beta/2))/(m2*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(m3*math.radians(beta/2))/(m3*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i) kd=\",kd1\n",
-      "print \"ii)kd=\",kd2\n",
-      "print \"iii)kd=\",kd3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) kd= 0.639863387016\n",
-        "ii)kd= 0.831206922161\n",
-        "iii)kd= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.5, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slot=18.0\n",
-      "s=16.0\n",
-      "m1=3.0\n",
-      "m2=5.0\n",
-      "m3=7.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "span=(s-1)\n",
-      "alpha=180*3/slot\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(m1*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc5=math.cos(math.radians(m2*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc7=math.cos(math.radians(m3*alpha/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kc1=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"kc3=\",kc3\n",
-      "print \"kc5=\",kc5\n",
-      "print \"kc7=\",kc7"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kc1= 0.965925826289\n",
-        "kc3= 0.707106781187\n",
-        "kc5= 0.258819045103\n",
-        "kc7= -0.258819045103\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.6, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "s=144.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "phi=0.03#Wb\n",
-      "n=375.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "t=s*z/(3*2)\n",
-      "eph=4.44*1*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"phase emf=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 50.0 Hz\n",
-        "phase emf= 1534.464 V\n",
-        "line emf= 2657.76961039 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.7, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "s=54\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "t=8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(beta/2)\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=s*8/3\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "eph=4.44*0.98*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.*eph\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eph=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eph= 1804.529664 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.8, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "slots=144.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "n=375.0\n",
-      "airgap=5*0.01\n",
-      "theta=150.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "alpha=(180-theta)\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=slots/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "s=slots/3\n",
-      "eph=4*kf*kc*kd*f*airgap*s*4/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf per phase=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf per phase= 987.908016392 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.9, Page Number:1417"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "slots=180\n",
-      "s=15\n",
-      "d=1.2#m\n",
-      "l=0.4#m\n",
-      "m=6\n",
-      "beta=180/18\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "area=(1.2*3.14/p)*l\n",
-      "phi1=area*0.637\n",
-      "vr=1.1*2*f*phi1\n",
-      "vp=2**0.5*vr\n",
-      "v3=0.4*vp\n",
-      "v5=0.2*vp\n",
-      "vf=6*vp*0.966\n",
-      "vf3=6*v3*0.707\n",
-      "vf5=6*v5*0.259\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(math.radians(3*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(3*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(math.radians(5*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(5*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "vph=vf*2**0.5*60*kd1\n",
-      "vph3=vf3*2**0.5*60*kd2\n",
-      "vph5=vf5*2**0.5*60*kd3\n",
-      "rmsv=(vph**2+vph3**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "rmsvl=3**0.5*(vph**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)e=\",vp,\"sin theta+\",v3,\"sin 3theta+\",v5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)e=\",vf,\"sin theta+\",vf3,\"sin 3theta+\",vf5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)rms value of phase voltage=\",rmsv,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)e= 14.9354392872 sin theta+ 5.97417571489 sin 3theta+ 2.98708785745 sin 5theta\n",
-        "ii)e= 86.5658061088 sin theta+ 25.3424533826 sin 3theta+ 4.64193453047 sin 5theta\n",
-        "iii)rms value of phase voltage= 7158.83679423 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.10, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=60.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "s=3.0\n",
-      "theta=60.0\n",
-      "phi=0.943#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "m=slot/(p*s)\n",
-      "beta=slot/5\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "alpha=(s/15)*180\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "z=slot*z/s\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "eph=z*kf*kc*kd*f*phi*t/2\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph*0.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage= 13196.4478482 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.11, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=15.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "kd=0.95\n",
-      "e=1825#v\n",
-      "kc=1\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "slots=p*slot\n",
-      "slotsp=slots/3\n",
-      "turnp=20*z/2\n",
-      "phi=e/(3**0.5*p*kc*kf*kd*f*turnp)\n",
-      "z=slots*z\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "eg=(phi*0.001*z*n)/slots\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eg*1000,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 749.405577006 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.12, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=360#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=3.6#A\n",
-      "f2=40#Hz\n",
-      "i2=2.4#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=v*i2*f2/(f*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e2=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e2= 160.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.13, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=2\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "per=20#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=180-theta\n",
-      "slotp=6\n",
-      "m=2\n",
-      "beta=180/slotp\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=10*slot*z\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "e1=4.44*kd1*kd1*f*0.12*t\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(3*math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "f2=f*3\n",
-      "phi3=(1.0/3)*per*0.12\n",
-      "e3=4.44*kd3*kd3*theta*0.008*40\n",
-      "e=(e1**2+e3**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e=\",e,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e= 994.25286629 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.14, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "per2=6.0#%\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#star connection\n",
-      "e5=per*v/100\n",
-      "e=(v**2+e5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eph=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#delta\n",
-      "e3=10*v/100\n",
-      "f3=10*3\n",
-      "i=e3/f3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for star=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for delta=\",e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage for star= 400.358589267 V\n",
-        "line voltage for delta= 23.0 V\n",
-        "current= 0.766666666667 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(a), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10.0\n",
-      "p1=24.0\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "f1=p1*n/120\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "n3=(1-s)*n2\n",
-      "f2=s*f1p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f1,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 60.0 Hz\n",
-        "speed= 1140.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(b), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "slotsp=4\n",
-      "cp=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "slots=slotsp*3*p\n",
-      "c=cp*slots\n",
-      "turns=32\n",
-      "kb=math.sin(math.radians(60/2))/(p*math.sin(math.radians(7.5)))\n",
-      "kp=math.cos(math.radians(15))\n",
-      "eph=4.44*50*0.12*kb*0.966*turns\n",
-      "el=eph*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage 1365.94840977 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.16, Page Number:1426"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.66#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "iradrop=i*r\n",
-      "ixsdrop=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+i*r)**2+(vp*sinphi+i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"linevalue of emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "linevalue of emf= 11475.6408913 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(a), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=440.0#KVA\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "il=200.0#A\n",
-      "vf=1160.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zs=vf/200\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous impedence=\",zs,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous reactance=\",xs,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous impedence= 5.8 ohm\n",
-        "synchronous reactance= 5.77840808528 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(b), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.07#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*x\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e=((v+ira)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lag\n",
-      "e2=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf+ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lead\n",
-      "e3=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf-ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=1\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lag\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lead\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage with pf=1 225.174386048 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lag 234.604995966 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lead 208.03726621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.18(a), Page Number:1429"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "x=3.2#ohm\n",
-      "xl=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "rd=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*xl\n",
-      "ea=((v+rd)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*ea\n",
-      "e0=((v+rd)**2+(i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0l=e0*3**0.5\n",
-      "per=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "xa=x-xl\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"internal emf Ea=\",el,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"no load emf=\",e0l,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"valueof synchronous reactance=\",xa,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "internal emf Ea= 471.842539659 V\n",
-        "no load emf= 592.991130967 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 34.7707115833 %\n",
-        "valueof synchronous reactance= 2.7 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 87
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.19, Page Number:1432"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v/vt\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced voltage= 222.090276316 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.20, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.71\n",
-      "i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(pf2))\n",
-      "zs=v2/i\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e01=((v+r*i)**2+(i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8\n",
-      "e02=((v*pf+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.71\n",
-      "e03=((v*pf2+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi2+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg3=(e03-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation unity pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf=\",reg3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.6\n",
-        "voltage regulation unity pf= 6.88779163216 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -8.875640156 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf= 21.1141910671 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.21, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "i1=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=200.0#A\n",
-      "v2=1040.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "e01=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "e02=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= 2.20611574348 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -1.77945143824 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 112
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.22, Page Number:1434"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1600.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=13500.0#V\n",
-      "r=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=30.0#ohm\n",
-      "load1=1280.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load1*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi1-ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= -11.9909032489 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.23, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "thetadel=math.atan((vp*sinphi+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira))\n",
-      "delta=math.degrees(thetadel)-math.degrees(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",delta,\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 48.0405877623 %\n",
-        "power angle= 18.9704078085 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.24, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6000.0#KVA\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "p=2.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i2=125.0#A\n",
-      "v1=8000.0#V\n",
-      "i3=800.0#A\n",
-      "d=0.03\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v1/(3**0.5*i3)\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "rd=d*vp\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=rd\n",
-      "ra=ira/il\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-ra**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+il*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= 62.2972136768 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.25, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "i=600#A\n",
-      "v2=900#V\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i)\n",
-      "rp=r/2\n",
-      "re=rp*1.5\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-re**2)**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=il*rp\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp+ira)**2+(ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1\",reg1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8\",reg2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=1 7.32796146323 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 23.8398862235 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.26, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "load1=11#KV\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x=5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "vt=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=solve(((pf*v+ira)**2+(sinphi*v-ixs)**2)**0.5-e0,v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v[1],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 6978.31767618569 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.27, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1200#KVA\n",
-      "load1=3.3#KV\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=35#A\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=1.1#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v*1000/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "e=v+ia*zs\n",
-      "change=(e-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"per unit change=\",change"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "per unit change= 0.349909254054\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 151
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.28, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11#kV\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v2=12370#V\n",
-      "vt=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E0=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v2/3**0.5\n",
-      "pf=0\n",
-      "sinphi=1\n",
-      "xs=(v-(E0**2-(i*r)**2)**0.5)/i\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "e0=((E0*pf+ira)**2+(E0*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-E0)*100/E0\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 19.6180576177 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.29, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=3500#v\n",
-      "load=2280#KW\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "r=8#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vl=vt/3**0.5\n",
-      "vp=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1*pf)\n",
-      "drop=vl-vp\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x=vl/(z+drop/il)\n",
-      "vtp=vl-x*drop/il\n",
-      "vtpl=vtp*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",vtpl,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 3420.781893 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.30, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.5#MVA\n",
-      "v=4160#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "zs=4750/(3**0.5*il)\n",
-      "ra=0\n",
-      "ixs=il*zs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(regn,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 91.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.31, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=20#A\n",
-      "i_f=37.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "eo=7600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(i_f**2+i*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "reg=(eo-v)*100/v\n",
-      "i=100*i_f/i_f1\n",
-      "zs=100*100/i\n",
-      "Eo=math.sqrt((100+zs*0.6)**2+(zs*pf)**2)\n",
-      "reg2=(Eo-100)*100/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation:\"\n",
-      "print \"by ampere turn method=\",reg,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"by synchronous impedence method=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation:\n",
-        "by ampere turn method= 15 %\n",
-        "by synchronous impedence method= 38.7243469779 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.32, Page Number:1442"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "V=v/math.sqrt(3)+(i*r**pf)\n",
-      "reg=(1555-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "reg2=(1080-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 lagging:\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 leading:\",round(reg2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 lagging: 34.7 %\n",
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 leading: -6.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.33, Page Number:1443"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x_drop=0.1\n",
-      "r_drop=0.02\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "p=800000#VA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ir_drop=r_drop*vp\n",
-      "leakage=x_drop*vp\n",
-      "E=math.sqrt((vp*pf+ir_drop)**2+(vp*0.6+leakage)**2)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I=\",round(i),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I= 140.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.34, Page Number:1444"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=17#A\n",
-      "p=2000000.0#VA\n",
-      "i_f2=42.5#A\n",
-      "v=6000.0/math.sqrt(3)#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((v*pf)**2+(v*0.6+450)**2)\n",
-      "#corresponding i=26.5 A\n",
-      "#field amperes required for balancing armature reaction=14.5A\n",
-      "i_f=math.sqrt(26.5**2+14.5**2+2*26.5*14.4*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resulting field current=\",round(i_f,1),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resulting field current= 36.9 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.35, Page Number:1446"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((vp*pf+i*2)**2+(vp*0.6+p/1000)**2)\n",
-      "i1=math.sqrt(108**2+30**2+2*108*30*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "#corresponding emf=7700V\n",
-      "reg=(7700-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage regulation= 21.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.36, Page Number:1448"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "p=275000.0#W\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "stator_i=35.0#A\n",
-      "exciting_i=50.0#A\n",
-      "x=0.08\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x_drop=v*x/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ia=i*exciting_i/stator_i\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(vp**2+x_drop**2)\n",
-      "oc=59.8#field current corresponding tothe voltage\n",
-      "i_fl=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "ia2=exciting_i*i_fl/stator_i\n",
-      "ei=math.sqrt(ia2**2+oc**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Exciting current=\",round(ei),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Exciting current= 69.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.37, Page Number:1449"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=600000.0#VA\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "l_drop=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "amp_turns=1.06*i*200.0/8\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "x_drop=vp*l_drop/100\n",
-      "oa=1910.0#V\n",
-      "reg=(2242.0-oa)*100/oa\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 17.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.38, Page Number:1450"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=15000000#VA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=8400\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "xl=640/i\n",
-      "zs=(v1/math.sqrt(3))/i\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eo=7540\n",
-      "reg=(eo-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 18.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.39, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "xd=0.7\n",
-      "xq=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(math.radians(36.9)+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"no load voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 14.4702941001 degrees\n",
-        "no load voltage= 1.51511515874 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.40, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "xd=0.6\n",
-      "xq=0.45\n",
-      "ra=0.015\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tanpsi=(v*sinphi+ia*xq)/(v*pf+ia*ra)\n",
-      "psi=math.atan(tanpsi)\n",
-      "delta=psi-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(psi)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(psi)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+iq*ra+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"open circuit voltage=\",e0,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "open circuit voltage= 1.44767600311 V\n",
-        "regulation= 44.7676003107 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.41, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=10#A\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(20)\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+ia*xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(phi+delta)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(phi+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"id=\",i_d,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iq=\",iq,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 8.23131209115 degrees\n",
-        "id= 4.7303232581 A\n",
-        "iq= 8.81045071911 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 189
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.42, Page Number:1459"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e1=220#V\n",
-      "f1=60#Hz\n",
-      "e2=222#V\n",
-      "f2=59#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "emax=(e1+e2)/2\n",
-      "emin=(e2-e1)/2\n",
-      "f=(f1-f2)\n",
-      "epeak=emax/0.707\n",
-      "pulse=(f1-f2)*60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max voltage=\",emax,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"min voltage=\",emin,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"peak value of voltage=\",epeak,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"number of maximum light pulsations/minute=\",pulse"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max voltage= 221 V\n",
-        "min voltage= 1 V\n",
-        "frequency= 1 Hz\n",
-        "peak value of voltage= 312.588401697 V\n",
-        "number of maximum light pulsations/minute= 60\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.43, Page Number:1462"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=1500#kVA\n",
-      "v=6.6#kV\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=power*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "tanphialpha=(vp*math.sin(phi)+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira)\n",
-      "phialpha=math.atan(tanphialpha)\n",
-      "alpha=phialpha-phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power angle= 7.87684146241\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 198
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.44, Page Number:1464"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#KVA\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v=3300#v\n",
-      "x=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ixs=x*vp\n",
-      "xs=x*vp/i\n",
-      "alpha=1*p/2\n",
-      "psy=3*3.14*vp**2/(60*xs*n)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronizing power=\",psy,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tsy*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronizing power= 628.0 kW\n",
-        "torque= 5997.4 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.45, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v1=3.3#kV\n",
-      "r=0.25\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000000/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,r*vp)\n",
-      "xs=ixs/i\n",
-      "v=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(e0.imag/e0.real)-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p=6/2\n",
-      "psy=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(alpha)*math.sin(math.radians(3))/xs\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*3*psy*100/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",-psy*3/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"toque=\",-tsy/100,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 722.236196153j kW\n",
-        "toque= 6897.35567326j N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 221
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.46, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#KVA\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=1#%\n",
-      "x=15#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "vph=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=r*vph/1000\n",
-      "ra=ira/i\n",
-      "xs=x*vph/(100*i)\n",
-      "zs=(ra**2+xs**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "alpha=p/2\n",
-      "psy=math.radians(alpha)*vph**2/xs\n",
-      "#fl 0.8 pf\n",
-      "e=((vph*pf+i*ra)**2+(vph*math.sin(math.acos(pf)+i*xs))**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy2=math.radians(alpha)*e*vph/xs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous power at:\"\n",
-      "print \"no load=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf of 0.8=\",psy2,\"w\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous power at:\n",
-        "no load= 58177.6417331 W\n",
-        "at pf of 0.8= 73621.2350169 w\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.47, Page Number:1466"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "v1=6000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(4)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "e0=((v*pf)**2+(v*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i*r)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy=alpha*e0*v*3/r\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous torque=\",tsy,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 514916.500204 W\n",
-        "synchronous torque= 6556.60343593 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.48, Page Number:1467"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "xs=r*vp/(1000*i)\n",
-      "p=120*f/n\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(2)\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "psy=3*alpha*vp**2/(p*1000)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy*1000/(n*2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8\n",
-      "v2=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,i*4)\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "psy2=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(math.radians(8.1))*math.sin(math.radians(2))*3/4\n",
-      "tsy2=9.55*psy2/(n*20)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power:\"\n",
-      "print \"atno load=\",psy,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"at 0.8 pf=\",psy2,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"torque:\"\n",
-      "print \"at no load=\",tsy,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8=\",tsy2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power:\n",
-        "atno load= 872.664625997 w\n",
-        "at 0.8 pf= 1506057.44405 w\n",
-        "torque:\n",
-        "at no load= 2777.98239276 N-m\n",
-        "at pf=0.8= 479.428286357 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.49, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6.6#kW\n",
-      "load1=3000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "xa=complex(0.5,10)\n",
-      "xb=complex(0.4,12)\n",
-      "i0=150#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=complex(load*1000/3**0.5,0)\n",
-      "cosphi1=1500*1000/(load*1000*i0*3**0.5)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(cosphi1)\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(phi1)\n",
-      "i=328*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "i1=i0*complex(cosphi1,-sinphi1)\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "coshi2=i2.real/181\n",
-      "ea=v+i1*xa\n",
-      "eal=3**0.5*abs(ea)\n",
-      "eb=v+i2*xb\n",
-      "ebl=3**0.5*abs(eb)\n",
-      "alpha1=(ea.imag/ea.real)\n",
-      "alpha2=(eb.imag/eb.real)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Ea=\",ea,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha1=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha2=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Ea= (4602.91884998+1275.81974829j) V\n",
-        "Eb= (5352.42648271+1524.56032028j) V\n",
-        "alpha1= 15.8810288383 degrees\n",
-        "alpha2= 16.3198639435 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 245
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.50, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declration\n",
-      "e1=complex(230,0)\n",
-      "e2=230*complex(0.985,0.174)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0,2)\n",
-      "z2=complex(0,3)\n",
-      "z=6\n",
-      "i1=((e1-e2)*z+e1*z2)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i2=((e2-e1)*z+e2*z1)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*z\n",
-      "p1=abs(v)*abs(i1)*math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=abs(v)*abs(i2)*math.cos(math.atan(i2.imag/i2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power 1=\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power 2=\",p2,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= (222.905384615-28.5730769231j) V\n",
-        "current (37.1508974359-4.76217948718j) A\n",
-        "power 1= 3210.60292765 W\n",
-        "power 2= 5138.29001053 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 249
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.51, Page Number:1471"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1500#kW\n",
-      "v=11#KV\n",
-      "pf=0.867\n",
-      "x=50#ohm\n",
-      "r=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "iwatt=il*pf\n",
-      "iwattless=il*sinphi\n",
-      "i1=il/2\n",
-      "i2=iwatt/2\n",
-      "iw1=(i**2-i1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw2=i2-iw1\n",
-      "ia=(i2**2+iw2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "vt=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ir=i*r\n",
-      "ix=x*i\n",
-      "cosphi=i2/i\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "e=((vt*cosphi+ir)**2+(vt*sinphi+ix)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 43.4628778514 A\n",
-        "line voltage= 14304.0798593 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.52, Page Number:1472"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=6000#kW\n",
-      "pfa=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phia=math.acos(pfa)\n",
-      "tanphi=math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "tanphia=math.tan(phia)\n",
-      "loadkvar=load*1000*tanphi\n",
-      "akvar=output*tanphia\n",
-      "kwb=(load*1000-output)\n",
-      "kvarb=loadkvar-akvar\n",
-      "kvab=complex(kwb,kvarb)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(math.atan(kvab.imag/kvab.real))\n",
-      "kvarb=kwb*pfb\n",
-      "kvara=-loadkvar-kvarb\n",
-      "kvaa=complex(output,kvara)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(math.atan(kvaa.imag/kvaa.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new pfb=\",pfb\n",
-      "print \"new pfa=\",pfa"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new pfb= 0.628980253433\n",
-        "new pfa= 0.513894032194\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.54, Page Number:1473"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "load=1000#KVA\n",
-      "x=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=87.5\n",
-      "x=8.7\n",
-      "vp=3810\n",
-      "e0=4311\n",
-      "ir=70\n",
-      "ix=52.5\n",
-      "IX=762\n",
-      "vb1=(e0**2-vp**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1x=vb1\n",
-      "i1=i1x/x\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*v*i1/1000\n",
-      "b2v=(vp**2+e0**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2z=b2v\n",
-      "i2=b2v/x\n",
-      "i2rx=e0\n",
-      "i2r=i2rx/x\n",
-      "i2x=vp/x\n",
-      "tanphi2=i2x/i2r\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(tanphi2)\n",
-      "cosphi2=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "output1=3**0.5*v*i2*cosphi2/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output at unity pf=\",output,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output1,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " power output at unity pf= 2650.38477722 kW\n",
-        "max power output= 5664.52285143 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 255
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.55, Page Number:1474"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=220.0#A\n",
-      "load=11.0#kV\n",
-      "per=25.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "oa1=load*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "a1c1=i*x\n",
-      "e0=(oa1**2+a1c1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "emf=(1+per/100)*e0\n",
-      "a1a2=(emf**2-a1c1**2)**0.5-oa1\n",
-      "ix=a1a2/x\n",
-      "i1=(i**2+ix**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=i/i1\n",
-      "bv=(oa1**2+emf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "imax=bv/x\n",
-      "ir=emf/x\n",
-      "ix=oa1/x\n",
-      "pfmax=ir/imax\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*load*1000*imax*pfmax*0.001\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new current= 281.573453399 A\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.781323655849\n",
-        "max power output= 16006.7954319 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 258
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.56, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#MVA\n",
-      "load1=35.0#MVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=25.0#MVA\n",
-      "cosphi1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loadmw=load1*pf\n",
-      "loadmvar=load1*0.6\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "mva1=25\n",
-      "mw1=mva1*cosphi1\n",
-      "mvar1=25*sinphi1\n",
-      "mw2=loadmw-mw1\n",
-      "mvar2=loadmvar-mvar1\n",
-      "mva2=(mw2**2+mvar2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cosphi2=mw2/mva2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",mva2\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 10.4509862952\n",
-        "pf= 0.52626611926\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 260
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.57, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "load=600#KW\n",
-      "loadm=707#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "output=900#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kva=1000\n",
-      "kvar=kva*(1-pf1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "active_p=1307-output\n",
-      "reactive_p=loadm-kvar\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"active power shared by second machine=\",active_p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"reactive power shared by second machine=\",reactive_p,\"kVAR\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "active power shared by second machine= 407 kW\n",
-        "reactive power shared by second machine= 271.110105646 kVAR\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.58, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l1=500#kW\n",
-      "l2=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "l3=800#kW\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "l4=500#kW\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "output=1500#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.95\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kw1=l1\n",
-      "kw2=l2\n",
-      "kw3=l3\n",
-      "kw4=500\n",
-      "kvar2=kw2*0.436/pf1\n",
-      "kvar3=kw3*0.6/pf2\n",
-      "kvar4=kw4*0.436/pf3\n",
-      "kvar=output/pf\n",
-      "kw=kw1+kw2+kw3+kw4-output\n",
-      "kvar=kvar2+kvar3+kvar4-kvar\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(math.atan(kvar/kw))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW output=\",kw\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kW output= 1300\n",
-        "pf= 0.981685651341\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 264
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.59, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,2)\n",
-      "ze=complex(3,4)\n",
-      "emf1=complex(2000,0)\n",
-      "emf2=complex(22000,100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=complex(68.2,-102.5)\n",
-      "i2=complex(127,-196.4)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*ze\n",
-      "pva1=v*i1\n",
-      "kw1=pva1.real*3\n",
-      "a11=math.atan(-i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "a12=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(a11-a12)\n",
-      "pva2=v*i2\n",
-      "kw2=pva2.real*3\n",
-      "a21=math.atan(-i2.imag/i2.real)\n",
-      "a22=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(a21-a22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kw output 1=\",kw1/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 1=\",pf1\n",
-      "print \"kw output 2=\",kw2/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 2=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kw output 1= 328.79427\n",
-        "pf 1= 0.606839673468\n",
-        "kw output 2= 610.34892\n",
-        "pf 2= 0.596381892841\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 273
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.63, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500#rpm\n",
-      "j=1.5*10**4#khm2\n",
-      "ratio=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"natural time period of oscillation=\",round(t,3),\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "natural time period of oscillation= 1.364 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.64, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10000#KVA\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "xs=25#%\n",
-      "pf=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=100/xs\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "j=(pf/(0.0083*ns))**2*load*ratio*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"moment of inertia=\",j/1000,\"x10^4 kg-m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "moment of inertia= 29.0317898098 x10^4 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 277
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.65, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#MVA\n",
-      "v=10.0#kV\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "j=2.0*10**5#kgm2\n",
-      "x=40.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=100.0/x\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*1000*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of oscillation of the rotor=\",round(1/t,1),\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of oscillation of the rotor= 0.2 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 283
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.66, Page Number:1483"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "z=complex(1,10)\n",
-      "emf=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=emf*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "costheta=z.real/abs(z)\n",
-      "pmax=e*v*3/(z.imag*1000)\n",
-      "pmax_per_phase=(v/abs(z))*(e-(v/abs(z)))*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max output =\",pmax_per_phase/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max output = 14125.5529273 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 285
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.67, Page Number:1484"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11#kVA\n",
-      "load1=10#MW\n",
-      "z=complex(0.8,8.0)\n",
-      "v=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pmax=(load*1000/3**0.5)*(v*1000/3**0.5)*3/z.imag\n",
-      "imax=((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5/z.imag\n",
-      "pf=(v/3**0.5)*1000/((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum output=\",pmax/1000000,\"MW\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",imax,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum output= 19.25 MW\n",
-        "current= 1284.92866209 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.786318338822\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 289
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_EnoiEf8.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_EnoiEf8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 90e078d2..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_EnoiEf8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1739 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:4fa0d818a53ec5608949c7725a11f84c78952680d73d506e4179ac596da192fb"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 38: Synchronous Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.1, Page Number:1495"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=75#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.95\n",
-      "xs=2.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/4\n",
-      "pm=p*1000/loss\n",
-      "ia=pm/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vol_phase=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power= 78947.3684211 W\n",
-        "armature current= 129.489444346 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.2, Page Number:1498"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=20\n",
-      "vl=693#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "lag=0.5#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#lag=0.5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "print \"displacement:0.5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#lag=5\n",
-      "lag=5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"displacement:5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "displacement:0.5%\n",
-        "alpha= 5.0 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (3.4871338335-0.152251551219j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 4189.63221768 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "displacement:5%\n",
-        "alpha= 50 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (30.6497244054-14.2922012106j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 40591.222447 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.3, Page Number:1499"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V/ph\n",
-      "i=32.0#A/ph\n",
-      "xs=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xs)**2)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xs)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 512.249938995 V\n",
-        "delta= 38.6598082541 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.4, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=150#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "xd=32#ohm\n",
-      "xq=20#ohm\n",
-      "alpha=16#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=2*vp\n",
-      "ex_power=eb*vp*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/xd\n",
-      "rel_power=(vp**2*(xd-xq)*math.sin(math.radians(2*alpha)))/(2*xd*xq)\n",
-      "pm=3*(ex_power+rel_power)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1121.29686485 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.5, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "P=1.5#MW\n",
-      "phi=3.0\n",
-      "xd=4.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "xq=3.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "sin_phi=0\n",
-      "cos_phi=1\n",
-      "phi=0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v1=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=P*math.pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(3)*v*cos_phi)\n",
-      "tan_sigma=(v1*sin_phi-ia*xq)/(v1*cos_phi)\n",
-      "sigma=math.atan(tan_sigma)\n",
-      "alpha=phi-sigma\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(sigma)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(sigma)\n",
-      "eb=v1*math.cos(alpha)-i_d*xd\n",
-      "#eb=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)\n",
-      "#dPm/d(alpha)=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)=0\n",
-      "ans=solve([(604.0*x**2+1029.0*x-302.0)],[x])\n",
-      "alpha2=math.acos(math.radians(ans[1][0]))\n",
-      "Pm=1029*math.sin(alpha2)+151*math.sin(alpha2)\n",
-      "max_P=Pm*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop=\",round(max_P),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop= 3540.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.6, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=30#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*3\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "z_drop=ia*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt((vp**2+z_drop**2-(2*vp*z_drop*math.cos(theta+phi))))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power supplied=\",p2/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"KW\"\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "    "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power supplied= 914.522826396 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 903.722826396 KW\n",
-        "induced emf= 13039.2734763 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.7, Page Number:1507"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "pf=1\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xq)**2)+((xd-xq)*14.8)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xq)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 502.648089715 V\n",
-        "delta= 27.4744316263 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.8, Page Number:1508"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=800#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output*1000+loss+ex_loss\n",
-      "ia=(v*pf-math.sqrt(v**2*pf**2-4*r*pm))/(2*r)\n",
-      "m_input=loss*ia*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/m_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commercial efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commercial efficiency= 82.1029269497 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.9, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "il=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x//r)\n",
-      "v=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"volt/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Eb= 1708.04482042 volt/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.10, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "vl=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "il=50#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#0.8 lagging\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi-theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 lag: Eb=\",eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#0.8 leading\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 leading:Eb=\",eb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.8 lag: Eb= 5651.1180113\n",
-        "0.8 leading:Eb= 7705.24623679\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.11, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)-phi)))\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=1: Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lag:Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lead:Eb=\",eb3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf=1: Eb= 107.703296143 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lag:Eb= 82.4621125124 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lead:Eb= 128.062484749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.12, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "r=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=40#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ra=ia*r\n",
-      "xa=ia*x\n",
-      "za=math.sqrt(ra**2+xa**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(vp**2+za**2-(2*vp*za*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "alpha1=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta)/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta-phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta-phi)/eb2)\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta+phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha3=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"at pf=1\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb1*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 lagging\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 leading\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha3),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "at pf=1\n",
-        "Eb= 11283.8105339 V\n",
-        "alpha= 18.7256601694 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 lagging\n",
-        "Eb= 8990.39249633 V\n",
-        "alpha= 10.0142654731 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 leading\n",
-        "Eb= 13283.8907748 V\n",
-        "alpha= 7.71356041367 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.14, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,0.866)\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "output=6000#W\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z.real\n",
-      "motor_intake=output+loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(motor_intake/(v*i))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)*i\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)-phi)))\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "lag:eb= 154.286783862 V\n",
-        "lag:eb= 213.765547573 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.15, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,6)\n",
-      "lag=3#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=lag*8/2\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(eb**2+eb**2-(2*eb*eb*(math.cos(math.radians(alpha)))))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=theta-(math.asin(eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/er))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "total_input=3*eb*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=total_input-cu_loss\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*eb/zs)-(eb**2*z.real/(zs**2))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power of the motor=\",pm/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power of motor=\",pm_max/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 44.1583059199 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.99927231631\n",
-        "power of the motor= 165.803353329 kW\n",
-        "max power of motor= 250.446734776 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 72
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.16, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250#V\n",
-      "lead=150#degrees\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "x=2.5#times resistance\n",
-      "alpha=lead/3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+eb**2-(2*v*eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha))))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x)\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"pf at which the motor is operating=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf at which the motor is operating= 0.928476690885\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.17, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=900#kW\n",
-      "e=8900#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "icos=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "bc=r*icos\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "i=icos/math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 149.188331836 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 82
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.18, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ia1zs=ia1*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(va**2+ia1zs**2-(2*va*ia1zs*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "ia2cosphi2=inpt2*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "cosphi2=x*ia2cosphi2\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-cosphi2*2)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(ac/cosphi2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.atan(cosphi2/ac)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"new power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power angle= 25.8661450552 degrees\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.436270181217\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.19, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=5472#W\n",
-      "x=10#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iacosphi=inpt/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=iacosphi*zs\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(va**2-iazs**2)\n",
-      "oc=va-ac\n",
-      "bc=iazs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/iazs)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "ia=iacosphi/pf\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(bc/ac)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 19.9987718079 degrees\n",
-        "power factor= 0.984809614116\n",
-        "armature current= 8.01997824686 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.20, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "xs=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=800.0#kW\n",
-      "e=2500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ep=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "i2=solve(((i1*xs+r*i2)**2+(vp+i1*r-xs*i2)**2)-ep**2,i2)\n",
-      "i=math.sqrt(i1**2+i2[0]**2)\n",
-      "pf=i1/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line currrent=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line currrent= 241.492937915 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.956301702525\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 152
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.21, Page Number:1516"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=650#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "power=inpt*1000+ex_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt*1000-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/power\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power=\",power,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 13.0516151762 A\n",
-        "power= 8110.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.6693343026 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 156
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.22, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "inpt=800#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ip=ia/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=ip*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+iazs**2-(2*v*iazs*(-1)*pf))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(iazs*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 4972.19098879 V\n",
-        "rotor angle= 17.0098509277 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.23, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=75#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "r=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.925\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)-phi\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "ns=120*50/40\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eb,\"eb\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 235.683320812 eb\n",
-        "mechanical power= 79437.5456538 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.24, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "zs=x=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "i2=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iazs=i*zs\n",
-      "xs=math.sqrt(x**2-r**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "iazs2=i2*zs\n",
-      "phi=theta-math.acos(vp**2-vp**2+iazs2**2/(2*vp*iazs2))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "input_m=math.sqrt(3)*v*i2*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ns=120*50/6\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque developed=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque developed= 310.739709828 N-m\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.912650996943\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 161
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.25, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "xs=10#W/phase\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+zs**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"minimum current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"inducedemf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "minimum current= 12.6677441416 A\n",
-        "inducedemf= 263.401798584 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.26, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=37.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=ia*abs(zs)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(zs.imag/zs.real)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(math.sin(theta+phi)*er/eb)\n",
-      "pm=3*eb*vp*math.sin(alpha)/abs(zs)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 495.407915636 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power developed= 44844.4875189 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 206
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.27, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "xs=20.0#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500.0#kW\n",
-      "phi2=Symbol('phi2')\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "er=ia*xs\n",
-      "zs=xs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(inpt2*1000*zs/(3*eb*vp))\n",
-      "#vp/eb=cos(alpha+phi2)/cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#solving we get\n",
-      "phi2=math.radians(19.39)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power factor= 0.943280616635\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 228
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.28, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "x=4#ohms/phase\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohms/phase\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "loss=2#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(complex(r,x))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2)\n",
-      "pm=3*pm_max\n",
-      "output=pm-loss*1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum power output= 51.3898913442 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.29, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=10#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "eb=1600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=x/z\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*v/z)-(eb**2*pf/zs)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "tg_max=9.55*pm_max/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total torque=\",tg_max,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total torque= 5505.51976175 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.30, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variabke declaration\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "x=3#ohm/phase\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=ia*x\n",
-      "sinphi=(eb**2-vp**2-zs**2)/(2*zs*vp)\n",
-      "phi=math.asin(sinphi)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "pi=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf/1000\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pi*1000/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",pi,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power input= 669.029147347 kW\n",
-        "power factor= 0.965660395791\n",
-        "torque= 4259.48557144 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 234
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.31, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "e=3800#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=theta\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(vp**2+eb**2-(2*vp*eb*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "pm_max=((eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total mechanical power=\",pm_max,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total mechanical power= 604356.888001 W\n",
-        "current= 151.417346198 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.857248980398\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 235
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.32, Page Number:1521"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=415#V\n",
-      "e=520#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,4)\n",
-      "loss=1000#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+e**2-(2*v*e*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "i=er/zs\n",
-      "il=math.sqrt(3)*i\n",
-      "pm_max=((e*v/zs)-(e**2*z.real/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "output=pm_max-loss\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*z.real\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*il*v)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output= 134.640174346 kW\n",
-        "line current= 268.015478962 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.890508620247\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.4816159071 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.33, Page Number:1524"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*efficiency*pf)\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*il**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf= 494.75258624 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power= 39.6138268735 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.34, Page Number:1525"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=48#kW\n",
-      "v=693#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ratio=0.3\n",
-      "x=2#W/phase\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(float(\"inf\"))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta-phi)))\n",
-      "i_cosphi=pf*il\n",
-      "bc=i_cosphi*x\n",
-      "eb=eb+(ratio*eb)\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "i2=i_cosphi/pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 46.3871111945 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.862084919821\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.35, Page Number:1526"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kW\n",
-      "inpt=240.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "total_load=inpt+load\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "kVAR=total_load*math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "#factory load\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "kVAR=inpt*math.tan(phil)\n",
-      "kVA=inpt/pf\n",
-      "kVAR1=total_load*math.sin(phil)\n",
-      "lead_kVAR=kVAR1-kVAR\n",
-      "#synchronous motor\n",
-      "phim=math.atan(lead_kVAR/load)\n",
-      "motorpf=math.cos(phim)\n",
-      "motorkVA=math.sqrt(load**2+lead_kVAR**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"leading kVAR supplied by the motor=\",motorkVA\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "leading kVAR supplied by the motor= 60.0\n",
-        "pf= 0.8\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_GocmY97.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_GocmY97.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7862658a..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_GocmY97.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3137 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a9b903871f8bdf2f971bf001fa7cff3dbf47aad5e657d5bfcea016f9756d9ac"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 37: Alternators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.1, Page Number:1412"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s1=36.0\n",
-      "p1=4.0\n",
-      "span1=8.0\n",
-      "s2=72.0\n",
-      "p2=6.0\n",
-      "span2=10.0\n",
-      "s3=96.0\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "span3=12.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha1=2*p1*180/s1\n",
-      "alpha2=3*p2*180/s2\n",
-      "alpha3=5*p3*180/s3\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha1/2))\n",
-      "kc2=math.cos(math.radians(alpha2/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(alpha3/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)kc=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"b)kc=\",kc2\n",
-      "print \"c)kc=\",kc3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)kc= 0.939692620786\n",
-        "b)kc= 0.923879532511\n",
-        "c)kc= 0.881921264348\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.2, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=36.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/n\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"distribution factor=\",kd"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "distribution factor= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.3, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=10.0#V\n",
-      "beta=30.0#degrees\n",
-      "m=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "arith_sum=6*v\n",
-      "vector_sum=kd*arith_sum\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"emf of six coils in series=\",vector_sum,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of six coils in series= 38.6370330516 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.4, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "ratio=2.0/3.0\n",
-      "m1=9\n",
-      "m2=6\n",
-      "m3=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m1*math.radians(beta/2))/(m1*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(m2*math.radians(beta/2))/(m2*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(m3*math.radians(beta/2))/(m3*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i) kd=\",kd1\n",
-      "print \"ii)kd=\",kd2\n",
-      "print \"iii)kd=\",kd3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) kd= 0.639863387016\n",
-        "ii)kd= 0.831206922161\n",
-        "iii)kd= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.5, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slot=18.0\n",
-      "s=16.0\n",
-      "m1=3.0\n",
-      "m2=5.0\n",
-      "m3=7.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "span=(s-1)\n",
-      "alpha=180*3/slot\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(m1*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc5=math.cos(math.radians(m2*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc7=math.cos(math.radians(m3*alpha/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kc1=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"kc3=\",kc3\n",
-      "print \"kc5=\",kc5\n",
-      "print \"kc7=\",kc7"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kc1= 0.965925826289\n",
-        "kc3= 0.707106781187\n",
-        "kc5= 0.258819045103\n",
-        "kc7= -0.258819045103\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.6, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "s=144.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "phi=0.03#Wb\n",
-      "n=375.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "t=s*z/(3*2)\n",
-      "eph=4.44*1*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"phase emf=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 50.0 Hz\n",
-        "phase emf= 1534.464 V\n",
-        "line emf= 2657.76961039 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.7, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "s=54\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "t=8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(beta/2)\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=s*8/3\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "eph=4.44*0.98*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.*eph\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eph=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eph= 1804.529664 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.8, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "slots=144.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "n=375.0\n",
-      "airgap=5*0.01\n",
-      "theta=150.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "alpha=(180-theta)\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=slots/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "s=slots/3\n",
-      "eph=4*kf*kc*kd*f*airgap*s*4/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf per phase=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf per phase= 987.908016392 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.9, Page Number:1417"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "slots=180\n",
-      "s=15\n",
-      "d=1.2#m\n",
-      "l=0.4#m\n",
-      "m=6\n",
-      "beta=180/18\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "area=(1.2*3.14/p)*l\n",
-      "phi1=area*0.637\n",
-      "vr=1.1*2*f*phi1\n",
-      "vp=2**0.5*vr\n",
-      "v3=0.4*vp\n",
-      "v5=0.2*vp\n",
-      "vf=6*vp*0.966\n",
-      "vf3=6*v3*0.707\n",
-      "vf5=6*v5*0.259\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(math.radians(3*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(3*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(math.radians(5*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(5*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "vph=vf*2**0.5*60*kd1\n",
-      "vph3=vf3*2**0.5*60*kd2\n",
-      "vph5=vf5*2**0.5*60*kd3\n",
-      "rmsv=(vph**2+vph3**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "rmsvl=3**0.5*(vph**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)e=\",vp,\"sin theta+\",v3,\"sin 3theta+\",v5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)e=\",vf,\"sin theta+\",vf3,\"sin 3theta+\",vf5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)rms value of phase voltage=\",rmsv,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)e= 14.9354392872 sin theta+ 5.97417571489 sin 3theta+ 2.98708785745 sin 5theta\n",
-        "ii)e= 86.5658061088 sin theta+ 25.3424533826 sin 3theta+ 4.64193453047 sin 5theta\n",
-        "iii)rms value of phase voltage= 7158.83679423 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.10, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=60.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "s=3.0\n",
-      "theta=60.0\n",
-      "phi=0.943#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "m=slot/(p*s)\n",
-      "beta=slot/5\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "alpha=(s/15)*180\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "z=slot*z/s\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "eph=z*kf*kc*kd*f*phi*t/2\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph*0.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage= 13196.4478482 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.11, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=15.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "kd=0.95\n",
-      "e=1825#v\n",
-      "kc=1\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "slots=p*slot\n",
-      "slotsp=slots/3\n",
-      "turnp=20*z/2\n",
-      "phi=e/(3**0.5*p*kc*kf*kd*f*turnp)\n",
-      "z=slots*z\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "eg=(phi*0.001*z*n)/slots\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eg*1000,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 749.405577006 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.12, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=360#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=3.6#A\n",
-      "f2=40#Hz\n",
-      "i2=2.4#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=v*i2*f2/(f*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e2=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e2= 160.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.13, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=2\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "per=20#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=180-theta\n",
-      "slotp=6\n",
-      "m=2\n",
-      "beta=180/slotp\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=10*slot*z\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "e1=4.44*kd1*kd1*f*0.12*t\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(3*math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "f2=f*3\n",
-      "phi3=(1.0/3)*per*0.12\n",
-      "e3=4.44*kd3*kd3*theta*0.008*40\n",
-      "e=(e1**2+e3**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e=\",e,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e= 994.25286629 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.14, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "per2=6.0#%\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#star connection\n",
-      "e5=per*v/100\n",
-      "e=(v**2+e5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eph=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#delta\n",
-      "e3=10*v/100\n",
-      "f3=10*3\n",
-      "i=e3/f3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for star=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for delta=\",e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage for star= 400.358589267 V\n",
-        "line voltage for delta= 23.0 V\n",
-        "current= 0.766666666667 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(a), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10.0\n",
-      "p1=24.0\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "f1=p1*n/120\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "n3=(1-s)*n2\n",
-      "f2=s*f1p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f1,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 60.0 Hz\n",
-        "speed= 1140.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(b), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "slotsp=4\n",
-      "cp=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "slots=slotsp*3*p\n",
-      "c=cp*slots\n",
-      "turns=32\n",
-      "kb=math.sin(math.radians(60/2))/(p*math.sin(math.radians(7.5)))\n",
-      "kp=math.cos(math.radians(15))\n",
-      "eph=4.44*50*0.12*kb*0.966*turns\n",
-      "el=eph*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage 1365.94840977 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.16, Page Number:1426"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.66#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "iradrop=i*r\n",
-      "ixsdrop=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+i*r)**2+(vp*sinphi+i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"linevalue of emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "linevalue of emf= 11475.6408913 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(a), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=440.0#KVA\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "il=200.0#A\n",
-      "vf=1160.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zs=vf/200\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous impedence=\",zs,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous reactance=\",xs,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous impedence= 5.8 ohm\n",
-        "synchronous reactance= 5.77840808528 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(b), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.07#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*x\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e=((v+ira)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lag\n",
-      "e2=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf+ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lead\n",
-      "e3=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf-ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=1\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lag\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lead\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage with pf=1 225.174386048 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lag 234.604995966 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lead 208.03726621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.18(a), Page Number:1429"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "x=3.2#ohm\n",
-      "xl=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "rd=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*xl\n",
-      "ea=((v+rd)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*ea\n",
-      "e0=((v+rd)**2+(i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0l=e0*3**0.5\n",
-      "per=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "xa=x-xl\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"internal emf Ea=\",el,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"no load emf=\",e0l,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"valueof synchronous reactance=\",xa,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "internal emf Ea= 471.842539659 V\n",
-        "no load emf= 592.991130967 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 34.7707115833 %\n",
-        "valueof synchronous reactance= 2.7 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 87
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.19, Page Number:1432"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v/vt\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced voltage= 222.090276316 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.20, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.71\n",
-      "i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(pf2))\n",
-      "zs=v2/i\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e01=((v+r*i)**2+(i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8\n",
-      "e02=((v*pf+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.71\n",
-      "e03=((v*pf2+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi2+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg3=(e03-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation unity pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf=\",reg3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.6\n",
-        "voltage regulation unity pf= 6.88779163216 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -8.875640156 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf= 21.1141910671 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.21, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "i1=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=200.0#A\n",
-      "v2=1040.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "e01=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "e02=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= 2.20611574348 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -1.77945143824 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 112
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.22, Page Number:1434"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1600.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=13500.0#V\n",
-      "r=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=30.0#ohm\n",
-      "load1=1280.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load1*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi1-ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= -11.9909032489 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.23, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "thetadel=math.atan((vp*sinphi+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira))\n",
-      "delta=math.degrees(thetadel)-math.degrees(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",delta,\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 48.0405877623 %\n",
-        "power angle= 18.9704078085 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.24, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6000.0#KVA\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "p=2.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i2=125.0#A\n",
-      "v1=8000.0#V\n",
-      "i3=800.0#A\n",
-      "d=0.03\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v1/(3**0.5*i3)\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "rd=d*vp\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=rd\n",
-      "ra=ira/il\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-ra**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+il*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= 62.2972136768 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.25, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "i=600#A\n",
-      "v2=900#V\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i)\n",
-      "rp=r/2\n",
-      "re=rp*1.5\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-re**2)**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=il*rp\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp+ira)**2+(ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1\",reg1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8\",reg2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=1 7.32796146323 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 23.8398862235 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.26, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "load1=11#KV\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x=5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "vt=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=solve(((pf*v+ira)**2+(sinphi*v-ixs)**2)**0.5-e0,v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v[1],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 6978.31767618569 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.27, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1200#KVA\n",
-      "load1=3.3#KV\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=35#A\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=1.1#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v*1000/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "e=v+ia*zs\n",
-      "change=(e-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"per unit change=\",change"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "per unit change= 0.349909254054\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 151
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.28, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11#kV\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v2=12370#V\n",
-      "vt=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E0=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v2/3**0.5\n",
-      "pf=0\n",
-      "sinphi=1\n",
-      "xs=(v-(E0**2-(i*r)**2)**0.5)/i\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "e0=((E0*pf+ira)**2+(E0*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-E0)*100/E0\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 19.6180576177 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.29, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=3500#v\n",
-      "load=2280#KW\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "r=8#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vl=vt/3**0.5\n",
-      "vp=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1*pf)\n",
-      "drop=vl-vp\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x=vl/(z+drop/il)\n",
-      "vtp=vl-x*drop/il\n",
-      "vtpl=vtp*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",vtpl,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 3420.781893 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.30, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.5#MVA\n",
-      "v=4160#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "zs=4750/(3**0.5*il)\n",
-      "ra=0\n",
-      "ixs=il*zs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(regn,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 91.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.31, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=20#A\n",
-      "i_f=37.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "eo=7600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(i_f**2+i*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "reg=(eo-v)*100/v\n",
-      "i=100*i_f/i_f1\n",
-      "zs=100*100/i\n",
-      "Eo=math.sqrt((100+zs*0.6)**2+(zs*pf)**2)\n",
-      "reg2=(Eo-100)*100/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation:\"\n",
-      "print \"by ampere turn method=\",reg,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"by synchronous impedence method=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation:\n",
-        "by ampere turn method= 15 %\n",
-        "by synchronous impedence method= 38.7243469779 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.32, Page Number:1442"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "V=v/math.sqrt(3)+(i*r**pf)\n",
-      "reg=(1555-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "reg2=(1080-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 lagging:\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 leading:\",round(reg2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 lagging: 34.7 %\n",
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 leading: -6.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.33, Page Number:1443"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x_drop=0.1\n",
-      "r_drop=0.02\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "p=800000#VA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ir_drop=r_drop*vp\n",
-      "leakage=x_drop*vp\n",
-      "E=math.sqrt((vp*pf+ir_drop)**2+(vp*0.6+leakage)**2)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I=\",round(i),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I= 140.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.34, Page Number:1444"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=17#A\n",
-      "p=2000000.0#VA\n",
-      "i_f2=42.5#A\n",
-      "v=6000.0/math.sqrt(3)#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((v*pf)**2+(v*0.6+450)**2)\n",
-      "#corresponding i=26.5 A\n",
-      "#field amperes required for balancing armature reaction=14.5A\n",
-      "i_f=math.sqrt(26.5**2+14.5**2+2*26.5*14.4*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resulting field current=\",round(i_f,1),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resulting field current= 36.9 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.35, Page Number:1446"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((vp*pf+i*2)**2+(vp*0.6+p/1000)**2)\n",
-      "i1=math.sqrt(108**2+30**2+2*108*30*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "#corresponding emf=7700V\n",
-      "reg=(7700-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage regulation= 21.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.36, Page Number:1448"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "p=275000.0#W\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "stator_i=35.0#A\n",
-      "exciting_i=50.0#A\n",
-      "x=0.08\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x_drop=v*x/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ia=i*exciting_i/stator_i\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(vp**2+x_drop**2)\n",
-      "oc=59.8#field current corresponding tothe voltage\n",
-      "i_fl=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "ia2=exciting_i*i_fl/stator_i\n",
-      "ei=math.sqrt(ia2**2+oc**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Exciting current=\",round(ei),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Exciting current= 69.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.37, Page Number:1449"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=600000.0#VA\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "l_drop=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "amp_turns=1.06*i*200.0/8\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "x_drop=vp*l_drop/100\n",
-      "oa=1910.0#V\n",
-      "reg=(2242.0-oa)*100/oa\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 17.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.38, Page Number:1450"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=15000000#VA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=8400\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "xl=640/i\n",
-      "zs=(v1/math.sqrt(3))/i\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eo=7540\n",
-      "reg=(eo-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 18.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.39, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "xd=0.7\n",
-      "xq=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(math.radians(36.9)+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"no load voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 14.4702941001 degrees\n",
-        "no load voltage= 1.51511515874 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.40, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "xd=0.6\n",
-      "xq=0.45\n",
-      "ra=0.015\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tanpsi=(v*sinphi+ia*xq)/(v*pf+ia*ra)\n",
-      "psi=math.atan(tanpsi)\n",
-      "delta=psi-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(psi)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(psi)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+iq*ra+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"open circuit voltage=\",e0,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "open circuit voltage= 1.44767600311 V\n",
-        "regulation= 44.7676003107 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.41, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=10#A\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(20)\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+ia*xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(phi+delta)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(phi+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"id=\",i_d,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iq=\",iq,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 8.23131209115 degrees\n",
-        "id= 4.7303232581 A\n",
-        "iq= 8.81045071911 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 189
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.42, Page Number:1459"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e1=220#V\n",
-      "f1=60#Hz\n",
-      "e2=222#V\n",
-      "f2=59#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "emax=(e1+e2)/2\n",
-      "emin=(e2-e1)/2\n",
-      "f=(f1-f2)\n",
-      "epeak=emax/0.707\n",
-      "pulse=(f1-f2)*60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max voltage=\",emax,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"min voltage=\",emin,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"peak value of voltage=\",epeak,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"number of maximum light pulsations/minute=\",pulse"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max voltage= 221 V\n",
-        "min voltage= 1 V\n",
-        "frequency= 1 Hz\n",
-        "peak value of voltage= 312.588401697 V\n",
-        "number of maximum light pulsations/minute= 60\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.43, Page Number:1462"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=1500#kVA\n",
-      "v=6.6#kV\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=power*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "tanphialpha=(vp*math.sin(phi)+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira)\n",
-      "phialpha=math.atan(tanphialpha)\n",
-      "alpha=phialpha-phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power angle= 7.87684146241\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 198
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.44, Page Number:1464"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#KVA\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v=3300#v\n",
-      "x=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ixs=x*vp\n",
-      "xs=x*vp/i\n",
-      "alpha=1*p/2\n",
-      "psy=3*3.14*vp**2/(60*xs*n)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronizing power=\",psy,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tsy*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronizing power= 628.0 kW\n",
-        "torque= 5997.4 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.45, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v1=3.3#kV\n",
-      "r=0.25\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000000/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,r*vp)\n",
-      "xs=ixs/i\n",
-      "v=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(e0.imag/e0.real)-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p=6/2\n",
-      "psy=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(alpha)*math.sin(math.radians(3))/xs\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*3*psy*100/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",-psy*3/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"toque=\",-tsy/100,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 722.236196153j kW\n",
-        "toque= 6897.35567326j N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 221
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.46, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#KVA\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=1#%\n",
-      "x=15#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "vph=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=r*vph/1000\n",
-      "ra=ira/i\n",
-      "xs=x*vph/(100*i)\n",
-      "zs=(ra**2+xs**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "alpha=p/2\n",
-      "psy=math.radians(alpha)*vph**2/xs\n",
-      "#fl 0.8 pf\n",
-      "e=((vph*pf+i*ra)**2+(vph*math.sin(math.acos(pf)+i*xs))**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy2=math.radians(alpha)*e*vph/xs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous power at:\"\n",
-      "print \"no load=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf of 0.8=\",psy2,\"w\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous power at:\n",
-        "no load= 58177.6417331 W\n",
-        "at pf of 0.8= 73621.2350169 w\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.47, Page Number:1466"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "v1=6000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(4)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "e0=((v*pf)**2+(v*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i*r)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy=alpha*e0*v*3/r\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous torque=\",tsy,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 514916.500204 W\n",
-        "synchronous torque= 6556.60343593 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.48, Page Number:1467"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "xs=r*vp/(1000*i)\n",
-      "p=120*f/n\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(2)\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "psy=3*alpha*vp**2/(p*1000)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy*1000/(n*2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8\n",
-      "v2=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,i*4)\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "psy2=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(math.radians(8.1))*math.sin(math.radians(2))*3/4\n",
-      "tsy2=9.55*psy2/(n*20)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power:\"\n",
-      "print \"atno load=\",psy,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"at 0.8 pf=\",psy2,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"torque:\"\n",
-      "print \"at no load=\",tsy,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8=\",tsy2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power:\n",
-        "atno load= 872.664625997 w\n",
-        "at 0.8 pf= 1506057.44405 w\n",
-        "torque:\n",
-        "at no load= 2777.98239276 N-m\n",
-        "at pf=0.8= 479.428286357 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.49, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6.6#kW\n",
-      "load1=3000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "xa=complex(0.5,10)\n",
-      "xb=complex(0.4,12)\n",
-      "i0=150#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=complex(load*1000/3**0.5,0)\n",
-      "cosphi1=1500*1000/(load*1000*i0*3**0.5)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(cosphi1)\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(phi1)\n",
-      "i=328*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "i1=i0*complex(cosphi1,-sinphi1)\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "coshi2=i2.real/181\n",
-      "ea=v+i1*xa\n",
-      "eal=3**0.5*abs(ea)\n",
-      "eb=v+i2*xb\n",
-      "ebl=3**0.5*abs(eb)\n",
-      "alpha1=(ea.imag/ea.real)\n",
-      "alpha2=(eb.imag/eb.real)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Ea=\",ea,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha1=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha2=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Ea= (4602.91884998+1275.81974829j) V\n",
-        "Eb= (5352.42648271+1524.56032028j) V\n",
-        "alpha1= 15.8810288383 degrees\n",
-        "alpha2= 16.3198639435 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 245
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.50, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declration\n",
-      "e1=complex(230,0)\n",
-      "e2=230*complex(0.985,0.174)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0,2)\n",
-      "z2=complex(0,3)\n",
-      "z=6\n",
-      "i1=((e1-e2)*z+e1*z2)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i2=((e2-e1)*z+e2*z1)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*z\n",
-      "p1=abs(v)*abs(i1)*math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=abs(v)*abs(i2)*math.cos(math.atan(i2.imag/i2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power 1=\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power 2=\",p2,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= (222.905384615-28.5730769231j) V\n",
-        "current (37.1508974359-4.76217948718j) A\n",
-        "power 1= 3210.60292765 W\n",
-        "power 2= 5138.29001053 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 249
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.51, Page Number:1471"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1500#kW\n",
-      "v=11#KV\n",
-      "pf=0.867\n",
-      "x=50#ohm\n",
-      "r=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "iwatt=il*pf\n",
-      "iwattless=il*sinphi\n",
-      "i1=il/2\n",
-      "i2=iwatt/2\n",
-      "iw1=(i**2-i1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw2=i2-iw1\n",
-      "ia=(i2**2+iw2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "vt=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ir=i*r\n",
-      "ix=x*i\n",
-      "cosphi=i2/i\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "e=((vt*cosphi+ir)**2+(vt*sinphi+ix)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 43.4628778514 A\n",
-        "line voltage= 14304.0798593 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.52, Page Number:1472"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=6000#kW\n",
-      "pfa=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phia=math.acos(pfa)\n",
-      "tanphi=math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "tanphia=math.tan(phia)\n",
-      "loadkvar=load*1000*tanphi\n",
-      "akvar=output*tanphia\n",
-      "kwb=(load*1000-output)\n",
-      "kvarb=loadkvar-akvar\n",
-      "kvab=complex(kwb,kvarb)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(math.atan(kvab.imag/kvab.real))\n",
-      "kvarb=kwb*pfb\n",
-      "kvara=-loadkvar-kvarb\n",
-      "kvaa=complex(output,kvara)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(math.atan(kvaa.imag/kvaa.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new pfb=\",pfb\n",
-      "print \"new pfa=\",pfa"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new pfb= 0.628980253433\n",
-        "new pfa= 0.513894032194\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.54, Page Number:1473"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "load=1000#KVA\n",
-      "x=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=87.5\n",
-      "x=8.7\n",
-      "vp=3810\n",
-      "e0=4311\n",
-      "ir=70\n",
-      "ix=52.5\n",
-      "IX=762\n",
-      "vb1=(e0**2-vp**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1x=vb1\n",
-      "i1=i1x/x\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*v*i1/1000\n",
-      "b2v=(vp**2+e0**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2z=b2v\n",
-      "i2=b2v/x\n",
-      "i2rx=e0\n",
-      "i2r=i2rx/x\n",
-      "i2x=vp/x\n",
-      "tanphi2=i2x/i2r\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(tanphi2)\n",
-      "cosphi2=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "output1=3**0.5*v*i2*cosphi2/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output at unity pf=\",output,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output1,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " power output at unity pf= 2650.38477722 kW\n",
-        "max power output= 5664.52285143 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 255
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.55, Page Number:1474"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=220.0#A\n",
-      "load=11.0#kV\n",
-      "per=25.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "oa1=load*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "a1c1=i*x\n",
-      "e0=(oa1**2+a1c1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "emf=(1+per/100)*e0\n",
-      "a1a2=(emf**2-a1c1**2)**0.5-oa1\n",
-      "ix=a1a2/x\n",
-      "i1=(i**2+ix**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=i/i1\n",
-      "bv=(oa1**2+emf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "imax=bv/x\n",
-      "ir=emf/x\n",
-      "ix=oa1/x\n",
-      "pfmax=ir/imax\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*load*1000*imax*pfmax*0.001\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new current= 281.573453399 A\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.781323655849\n",
-        "max power output= 16006.7954319 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 258
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.56, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#MVA\n",
-      "load1=35.0#MVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=25.0#MVA\n",
-      "cosphi1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loadmw=load1*pf\n",
-      "loadmvar=load1*0.6\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "mva1=25\n",
-      "mw1=mva1*cosphi1\n",
-      "mvar1=25*sinphi1\n",
-      "mw2=loadmw-mw1\n",
-      "mvar2=loadmvar-mvar1\n",
-      "mva2=(mw2**2+mvar2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cosphi2=mw2/mva2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",mva2\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 10.4509862952\n",
-        "pf= 0.52626611926\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 260
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.57, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "load=600#KW\n",
-      "loadm=707#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "output=900#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kva=1000\n",
-      "kvar=kva*(1-pf1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "active_p=1307-output\n",
-      "reactive_p=loadm-kvar\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"active power shared by second machine=\",active_p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"reactive power shared by second machine=\",reactive_p,\"kVAR\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "active power shared by second machine= 407 kW\n",
-        "reactive power shared by second machine= 271.110105646 kVAR\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.58, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l1=500#kW\n",
-      "l2=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "l3=800#kW\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "l4=500#kW\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "output=1500#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.95\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kw1=l1\n",
-      "kw2=l2\n",
-      "kw3=l3\n",
-      "kw4=500\n",
-      "kvar2=kw2*0.436/pf1\n",
-      "kvar3=kw3*0.6/pf2\n",
-      "kvar4=kw4*0.436/pf3\n",
-      "kvar=output/pf\n",
-      "kw=kw1+kw2+kw3+kw4-output\n",
-      "kvar=kvar2+kvar3+kvar4-kvar\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(math.atan(kvar/kw))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW output=\",kw\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kW output= 1300\n",
-        "pf= 0.981685651341\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 264
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.59, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,2)\n",
-      "ze=complex(3,4)\n",
-      "emf1=complex(2000,0)\n",
-      "emf2=complex(22000,100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=complex(68.2,-102.5)\n",
-      "i2=complex(127,-196.4)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*ze\n",
-      "pva1=v*i1\n",
-      "kw1=pva1.real*3\n",
-      "a11=math.atan(-i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "a12=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(a11-a12)\n",
-      "pva2=v*i2\n",
-      "kw2=pva2.real*3\n",
-      "a21=math.atan(-i2.imag/i2.real)\n",
-      "a22=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(a21-a22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kw output 1=\",kw1/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 1=\",pf1\n",
-      "print \"kw output 2=\",kw2/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 2=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kw output 1= 328.79427\n",
-        "pf 1= 0.606839673468\n",
-        "kw output 2= 610.34892\n",
-        "pf 2= 0.596381892841\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 273
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.63, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500#rpm\n",
-      "j=1.5*10**4#khm2\n",
-      "ratio=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"natural time period of oscillation=\",round(t,3),\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "natural time period of oscillation= 1.364 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.64, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10000#KVA\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "xs=25#%\n",
-      "pf=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=100/xs\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "j=(pf/(0.0083*ns))**2*load*ratio*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"moment of inertia=\",j/1000,\"x10^4 kg-m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "moment of inertia= 29.0317898098 x10^4 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 277
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.65, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#MVA\n",
-      "v=10.0#kV\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "j=2.0*10**5#kgm2\n",
-      "x=40.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=100.0/x\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*1000*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of oscillation of the rotor=\",round(1/t,1),\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of oscillation of the rotor= 0.2 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 283
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.66, Page Number:1483"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "z=complex(1,10)\n",
-      "emf=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=emf*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "costheta=z.real/abs(z)\n",
-      "pmax=e*v*3/(z.imag*1000)\n",
-      "pmax_per_phase=(v/abs(z))*(e-(v/abs(z)))*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max output =\",pmax_per_phase/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max output = 14125.5529273 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 285
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.67, Page Number:1484"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11#kVA\n",
-      "load1=10#MW\n",
-      "z=complex(0.8,8.0)\n",
-      "v=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pmax=(load*1000/3**0.5)*(v*1000/3**0.5)*3/z.imag\n",
-      "imax=((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5/z.imag\n",
-      "pf=(v/3**0.5)*1000/((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum output=\",pmax/1000000,\"MW\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",imax,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum output= 19.25 MW\n",
-        "current= 1284.92866209 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.786318338822\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 289
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_Gw8rqEI.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_Gw8rqEI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 90e078d2..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_Gw8rqEI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1739 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:4fa0d818a53ec5608949c7725a11f84c78952680d73d506e4179ac596da192fb"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 38: Synchronous Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.1, Page Number:1495"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=75#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.95\n",
-      "xs=2.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/4\n",
-      "pm=p*1000/loss\n",
-      "ia=pm/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vol_phase=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power= 78947.3684211 W\n",
-        "armature current= 129.489444346 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.2, Page Number:1498"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=20\n",
-      "vl=693#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "lag=0.5#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#lag=0.5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "print \"displacement:0.5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#lag=5\n",
-      "lag=5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"displacement:5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "displacement:0.5%\n",
-        "alpha= 5.0 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (3.4871338335-0.152251551219j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 4189.63221768 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "displacement:5%\n",
-        "alpha= 50 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (30.6497244054-14.2922012106j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 40591.222447 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.3, Page Number:1499"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V/ph\n",
-      "i=32.0#A/ph\n",
-      "xs=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xs)**2)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xs)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 512.249938995 V\n",
-        "delta= 38.6598082541 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.4, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=150#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "xd=32#ohm\n",
-      "xq=20#ohm\n",
-      "alpha=16#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=2*vp\n",
-      "ex_power=eb*vp*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/xd\n",
-      "rel_power=(vp**2*(xd-xq)*math.sin(math.radians(2*alpha)))/(2*xd*xq)\n",
-      "pm=3*(ex_power+rel_power)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1121.29686485 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.5, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "P=1.5#MW\n",
-      "phi=3.0\n",
-      "xd=4.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "xq=3.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "sin_phi=0\n",
-      "cos_phi=1\n",
-      "phi=0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v1=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=P*math.pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(3)*v*cos_phi)\n",
-      "tan_sigma=(v1*sin_phi-ia*xq)/(v1*cos_phi)\n",
-      "sigma=math.atan(tan_sigma)\n",
-      "alpha=phi-sigma\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(sigma)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(sigma)\n",
-      "eb=v1*math.cos(alpha)-i_d*xd\n",
-      "#eb=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)\n",
-      "#dPm/d(alpha)=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)=0\n",
-      "ans=solve([(604.0*x**2+1029.0*x-302.0)],[x])\n",
-      "alpha2=math.acos(math.radians(ans[1][0]))\n",
-      "Pm=1029*math.sin(alpha2)+151*math.sin(alpha2)\n",
-      "max_P=Pm*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop=\",round(max_P),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop= 3540.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.6, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=30#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*3\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "z_drop=ia*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt((vp**2+z_drop**2-(2*vp*z_drop*math.cos(theta+phi))))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power supplied=\",p2/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"KW\"\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "    "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power supplied= 914.522826396 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 903.722826396 KW\n",
-        "induced emf= 13039.2734763 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.7, Page Number:1507"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "pf=1\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xq)**2)+((xd-xq)*14.8)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xq)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 502.648089715 V\n",
-        "delta= 27.4744316263 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.8, Page Number:1508"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=800#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output*1000+loss+ex_loss\n",
-      "ia=(v*pf-math.sqrt(v**2*pf**2-4*r*pm))/(2*r)\n",
-      "m_input=loss*ia*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/m_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commercial efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commercial efficiency= 82.1029269497 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.9, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "il=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x//r)\n",
-      "v=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"volt/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Eb= 1708.04482042 volt/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.10, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "vl=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "il=50#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#0.8 lagging\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi-theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 lag: Eb=\",eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#0.8 leading\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 leading:Eb=\",eb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.8 lag: Eb= 5651.1180113\n",
-        "0.8 leading:Eb= 7705.24623679\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.11, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)-phi)))\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=1: Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lag:Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lead:Eb=\",eb3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf=1: Eb= 107.703296143 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lag:Eb= 82.4621125124 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lead:Eb= 128.062484749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.12, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "r=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=40#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ra=ia*r\n",
-      "xa=ia*x\n",
-      "za=math.sqrt(ra**2+xa**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(vp**2+za**2-(2*vp*za*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "alpha1=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta)/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta-phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta-phi)/eb2)\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta+phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha3=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"at pf=1\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb1*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 lagging\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 leading\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha3),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "at pf=1\n",
-        "Eb= 11283.8105339 V\n",
-        "alpha= 18.7256601694 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 lagging\n",
-        "Eb= 8990.39249633 V\n",
-        "alpha= 10.0142654731 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 leading\n",
-        "Eb= 13283.8907748 V\n",
-        "alpha= 7.71356041367 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.14, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,0.866)\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "output=6000#W\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z.real\n",
-      "motor_intake=output+loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(motor_intake/(v*i))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)*i\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)-phi)))\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "lag:eb= 154.286783862 V\n",
-        "lag:eb= 213.765547573 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.15, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,6)\n",
-      "lag=3#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=lag*8/2\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(eb**2+eb**2-(2*eb*eb*(math.cos(math.radians(alpha)))))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=theta-(math.asin(eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/er))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "total_input=3*eb*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=total_input-cu_loss\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*eb/zs)-(eb**2*z.real/(zs**2))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power of the motor=\",pm/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power of motor=\",pm_max/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 44.1583059199 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.99927231631\n",
-        "power of the motor= 165.803353329 kW\n",
-        "max power of motor= 250.446734776 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 72
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.16, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250#V\n",
-      "lead=150#degrees\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "x=2.5#times resistance\n",
-      "alpha=lead/3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+eb**2-(2*v*eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha))))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x)\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"pf at which the motor is operating=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf at which the motor is operating= 0.928476690885\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.17, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=900#kW\n",
-      "e=8900#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "icos=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "bc=r*icos\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "i=icos/math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 149.188331836 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 82
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.18, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ia1zs=ia1*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(va**2+ia1zs**2-(2*va*ia1zs*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "ia2cosphi2=inpt2*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "cosphi2=x*ia2cosphi2\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-cosphi2*2)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(ac/cosphi2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.atan(cosphi2/ac)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"new power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power angle= 25.8661450552 degrees\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.436270181217\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.19, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=5472#W\n",
-      "x=10#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iacosphi=inpt/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=iacosphi*zs\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(va**2-iazs**2)\n",
-      "oc=va-ac\n",
-      "bc=iazs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/iazs)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "ia=iacosphi/pf\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(bc/ac)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 19.9987718079 degrees\n",
-        "power factor= 0.984809614116\n",
-        "armature current= 8.01997824686 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.20, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "xs=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=800.0#kW\n",
-      "e=2500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ep=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "i2=solve(((i1*xs+r*i2)**2+(vp+i1*r-xs*i2)**2)-ep**2,i2)\n",
-      "i=math.sqrt(i1**2+i2[0]**2)\n",
-      "pf=i1/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line currrent=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line currrent= 241.492937915 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.956301702525\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 152
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.21, Page Number:1516"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=650#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "power=inpt*1000+ex_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt*1000-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/power\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power=\",power,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 13.0516151762 A\n",
-        "power= 8110.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.6693343026 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 156
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.22, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "inpt=800#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ip=ia/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=ip*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+iazs**2-(2*v*iazs*(-1)*pf))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(iazs*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 4972.19098879 V\n",
-        "rotor angle= 17.0098509277 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.23, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=75#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "r=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.925\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)-phi\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "ns=120*50/40\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eb,\"eb\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 235.683320812 eb\n",
-        "mechanical power= 79437.5456538 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.24, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "zs=x=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "i2=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iazs=i*zs\n",
-      "xs=math.sqrt(x**2-r**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "iazs2=i2*zs\n",
-      "phi=theta-math.acos(vp**2-vp**2+iazs2**2/(2*vp*iazs2))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "input_m=math.sqrt(3)*v*i2*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ns=120*50/6\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque developed=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque developed= 310.739709828 N-m\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.912650996943\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 161
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.25, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "xs=10#W/phase\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+zs**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"minimum current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"inducedemf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "minimum current= 12.6677441416 A\n",
-        "inducedemf= 263.401798584 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.26, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=37.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=ia*abs(zs)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(zs.imag/zs.real)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(math.sin(theta+phi)*er/eb)\n",
-      "pm=3*eb*vp*math.sin(alpha)/abs(zs)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 495.407915636 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power developed= 44844.4875189 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 206
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.27, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "xs=20.0#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500.0#kW\n",
-      "phi2=Symbol('phi2')\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "er=ia*xs\n",
-      "zs=xs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(inpt2*1000*zs/(3*eb*vp))\n",
-      "#vp/eb=cos(alpha+phi2)/cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#solving we get\n",
-      "phi2=math.radians(19.39)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power factor= 0.943280616635\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 228
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.28, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "x=4#ohms/phase\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohms/phase\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "loss=2#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(complex(r,x))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2)\n",
-      "pm=3*pm_max\n",
-      "output=pm-loss*1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum power output= 51.3898913442 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.29, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=10#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "eb=1600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=x/z\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*v/z)-(eb**2*pf/zs)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "tg_max=9.55*pm_max/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total torque=\",tg_max,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total torque= 5505.51976175 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.30, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variabke declaration\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "x=3#ohm/phase\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=ia*x\n",
-      "sinphi=(eb**2-vp**2-zs**2)/(2*zs*vp)\n",
-      "phi=math.asin(sinphi)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "pi=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf/1000\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pi*1000/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",pi,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power input= 669.029147347 kW\n",
-        "power factor= 0.965660395791\n",
-        "torque= 4259.48557144 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 234
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.31, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "e=3800#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=theta\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(vp**2+eb**2-(2*vp*eb*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "pm_max=((eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total mechanical power=\",pm_max,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total mechanical power= 604356.888001 W\n",
-        "current= 151.417346198 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.857248980398\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 235
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.32, Page Number:1521"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=415#V\n",
-      "e=520#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,4)\n",
-      "loss=1000#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+e**2-(2*v*e*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "i=er/zs\n",
-      "il=math.sqrt(3)*i\n",
-      "pm_max=((e*v/zs)-(e**2*z.real/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "output=pm_max-loss\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*z.real\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*il*v)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output= 134.640174346 kW\n",
-        "line current= 268.015478962 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.890508620247\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.4816159071 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.33, Page Number:1524"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*efficiency*pf)\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*il**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf= 494.75258624 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power= 39.6138268735 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.34, Page Number:1525"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=48#kW\n",
-      "v=693#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ratio=0.3\n",
-      "x=2#W/phase\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(float(\"inf\"))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta-phi)))\n",
-      "i_cosphi=pf*il\n",
-      "bc=i_cosphi*x\n",
-      "eb=eb+(ratio*eb)\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "i2=i_cosphi/pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 46.3871111945 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.862084919821\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.35, Page Number:1526"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kW\n",
-      "inpt=240.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "total_load=inpt+load\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "kVAR=total_load*math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "#factory load\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "kVAR=inpt*math.tan(phil)\n",
-      "kVA=inpt/pf\n",
-      "kVAR1=total_load*math.sin(phil)\n",
-      "lead_kVAR=kVAR1-kVAR\n",
-      "#synchronous motor\n",
-      "phim=math.atan(lead_kVAR/load)\n",
-      "motorpf=math.cos(phim)\n",
-      "motorkVA=math.sqrt(load**2+lead_kVAR**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"leading kVAR supplied by the motor=\",motorkVA\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "leading kVAR supplied by the motor= 60.0\n",
-        "pf= 0.8\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_HDB18kP.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_HDB18kP.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index aebdac51..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_HDB18kP.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:7d0991402755fd2e3c1083bccec70e0a43143da000e9a99e70877269e1fdc43a"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 31: Testing of DC Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.1, Page Number:1092"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l=38.1#kg\n",
-      "d=63.53*0.01#cm\n",
-      "v=12#rps\n",
-      "i=49#A\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=d/2\n",
-      "torque=l*r*9.81\n",
-      "power=torque*2*3.14*v\n",
-      "motor_input=i*V\n",
-      "efficiency=power*100/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output power=\",round(power),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(efficiency),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output power= 8947.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 83.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(a), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "spring_b1=10.0#kg\n",
-      "spring_b2=35.0#kg\n",
-      "d=40*0.01#m\n",
-      "v=950.0#rpm\n",
-      "V=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=30.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "F=(spring_b2-spring_b1)*9.81\n",
-      "N=v/60\n",
-      "R=d/2\n",
-      "tsh=F*R\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*N\n",
-      "output=tsh*omega\n",
-      "motor_input=V*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 4877.205 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.28675 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(b), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "t1=2.9#kg\n",
-      "t2=0.17#kg\n",
-      "r=7*0.01#m\n",
-      "i=2.0#A\n",
-      "V=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "force=(t1-t2)*9.81\n",
-      "torque=force*r\n",
-      "output=torque*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(V*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",torque,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1.874691 N-m\n",
-        "output 294.326487 W\n",
-        "efficiency 63.984018913 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.3, Page Number:1095"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_noload=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=i-ish\n",
-      "culoss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_noload-culoss\n",
-      "ia=32-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(output/input_)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 70.1754545455 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.4, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/r\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "Ia=I-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=Ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_lossa\n",
-      "input_nl1=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_nl1-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_nl\n",
-      "Eb1=V-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=V-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "change=math.fabs((Eb1-Eb2)/Eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*10,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",change*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 16852.5 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 84.2625 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= 5.64617314931 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.5, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=44.76#kW\n",
-      "i=13.25#A\n",
-      "ish=2.55#A\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p_nl=v*i\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "bd_loss=2*ia\n",
-      "variable_loss=bd_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "w=p_nl-variable_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-p*1000-w-2*I-ra*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v\n",
-      "e=p*1000/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Full load current=\",round(il),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Full load efficiency=\",round(e*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Full load current= 226.0 A\n",
-        "Full load efficiency= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.6, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "o=17.158#kW\n",
-      "inpt=20.2#KW\n",
-      "rf=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "o2=7.46#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loss1=inpt*1000.0-o*1000.0\n",
-      "ic=inpt*1000.0/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=ic-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "const_loss=loss1-cu_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-o2*1000.0-(ra*I**2)-const_loss],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v/1000.0\n",
-      "e=o2*1000*100/(pin*1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(il),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 74.1 %\n",
-        "power input= 50.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.7, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92#kW\n",
-      "ia=6.5#A\n",
-      "ish=2.2#A\n",
-      "i=70.0#A\n",
-      "pd=3.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ic_nl=ia+ish\n",
-      "pi=v*ic_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*pd/i\n",
-      "const_loss=pi-cu_lossa\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*I+cu_loss-p*1000-const_loss-(pd/i)*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "ic=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=v*ic\n",
-      "e=p*1000*100/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.8, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=200*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i1=36.0#A\n",
-      "I1=12.0#A\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "pd=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=400.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ia=i1-I1\n",
-      "ra=pd/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_nl=v*i1\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "output_i=p/v\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/(p+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "output_i=p/(2*v)\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/((p/2+total_loss)*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at half load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at full load= 91.3736344667 %\n",
-        "efficiency at half load= 89.6559292335 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.9, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92*1000#W\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpn\n",
-      "rsh=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=78.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_=0.8*p/e\n",
-      "total_loss=input_-0.8*p\n",
-      "input_i=input_/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "ra=total_loss/(2*(ia**2))\n",
-      "Ia=i-ish\n",
-      "total_loss2=Ia**2*ra+total_loss/2\n",
-      "input__=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=(input__-total_loss2)*100/input__\n",
-      "Eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=v-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "n2=(n*Eb2)/Eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"r.p.m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 86.9450046554 %\n",
-        "speed= 678.443304738 r.p.m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.10(a), Page Number:1101"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#W\n",
-      "i2=90.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=p/v\n",
-      "efficiency=math.sqrt(i1/(i1+i2))*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.11, Page Number:1102"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "motor_i=100#A\n",
-      "shunt_i1=3#A\n",
-      "shunt_i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "cu_loss=500#W\n",
-      "cu_lossa=361#W\n",
-      "ia=85#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "mech_core_stray_loss=0.5*((v*i)-(motor_i**2*ra)-(ia**2*ra))\n",
-      "cu_motor=v*shunt_i1\n",
-      "generator_motor=v*shunt_i2\n",
-      "total_loss=mech_core_stray_loss+cu_motor+generator_motor\n",
-      "input_=v*i+cu_motor\n",
-      "output=v*ia*10**(-3)\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss*10**(-3)+1.07+0.36\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eficiency= 89.8045430534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.12, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "i=48#A\n",
-      "i1=3#a\n",
-      "i2=3.5#A\n",
-      "motor_i=230#A\n",
-      "ra=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "cu_loss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=motor_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i1\n",
-      "total_cu_lossm=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "arm_i=233-i+i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=arm_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=arm_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i2\n",
-      "total_cu_lossg=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#set\n",
-      "totalcu_loss=total_cu_lossm+total_cu_lossg\n",
-      "total_input=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_input-totalcu_loss\n",
-      "strayloss_per=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor efficiency\n",
-      "input_=233*v\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossm+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",e,\"%\"\n",
-      "#generator efficiency\n",
-      "input_=110*185\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossg+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "100\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.4590884705 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 88.5893642506 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.13, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable series\n",
-      "v=500.0#A\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#w\n",
-      "auxiliary_i=30.0#A\n",
-      "output_i=200.0#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "i2=1.8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.075#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=2.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_arm=output_i+auxiliary_i\n",
-      "motorarm_culoss=(motor_arm**2*ra)+(motor_arm*2)\n",
-      "motorfield_culoss=v*i2\n",
-      "generatorarm_culoss=(output_i**2*ra)+(output_i*2)\n",
-      "generatoefield_culoss=v*i1\n",
-      "total_culoss=motorarm_culoss+motorfield_culoss+generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss\n",
-      "power=v*auxiliary_i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-total_culoss\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "total_loss=generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss+permachine\n",
-      "output=v*output_i\n",
-      "e=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 93.1001175389 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.14, Page Number:1104"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "motor_i=400.0#A\n",
-      "i1=6.0#A\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(motor_i-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*motor_i)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(motor_i-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 92.3148148148 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 91.4642857143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 77
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.15, Page Number:1105"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ia=380.0#A\n",
-      "i1=5.0#A\n",
-      "i2=4.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(ia-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*ia)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.7038001041 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 95.2121212121 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.16, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "v2=190.0#V\n",
-      "t=30#sec\n",
-      "t2=20#sec\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "avg_i=i/2\n",
-      "power=avg_v*avg_i\n",
-      "W=power*(t2/(t-t2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Stray loss=\",W,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Stray loss= 4100.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 85
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.17, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "n1=1525.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1475.0#ohm\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "p=1000.0#W\n",
-      "t2=20.0#sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "N=(n1+n2)/2\n",
-      "w=p*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(w*dt)/((2*3.14/60)**2*N*dN)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Moment of Inertia=\",I,\"kg-m2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Moment of Inertia= 121.708791432 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.18, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "v2=225.0#V\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "t2=6.0#ohm\n",
-      "iavg=10.0#A\n",
-      "i2=25.0#A\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "w_=avg_v*iavg\n",
-      "W=w_*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "ish=v3/r\n",
-      "ia=i2-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_shunt=v3*ia\n",
-      "total_loss=W+cu_loss+v3\n",
-      "e=((v*i2)-total_loss)/(v*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "734.210526316\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.7564912281 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.19, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n1=1030#rpm\n",
-      "n2=970#rpm\n",
-      "t1=36#sec\n",
-      "t2=15#sec\n",
-      "t3=9#sec\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "v=219#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "W=v*i*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(W*t2)/((2*3.14/60)**2*n*dN)\n",
-      "Wm=W*t2/t1\n",
-      "iron_loss=W-Wm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)moment of inertia=\",I,\"kg.m2\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)mechanical losses=\",Wm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)moment of inertia= 74.9650087225 kg.m2\n",
-        "ii)iron loss= 1916.25 W\n",
-        "iii)mechanical losses= 1368.75 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.20, Page Number:1110"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "iam=56.0#A\n",
-      "vam=590.0#V\n",
-      "vdm=40.0#V\n",
-      "iag=44.0#A\n",
-      "vag=400.0#V\n",
-      "vdg=40.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_total=(vdm+vam)*iam\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "total_loss=input_total-output\n",
-      "rse=vdg/iam\n",
-      "cu_loss=((r+2*rse)*iam**2)+(iag**2*r)\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "permachine=strayloss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "inputm=vam*iam\n",
-      "culossm=(r+rse)*iam**2\n",
-      "totallossm=culossm+permachine\n",
-      "output=inputm-totallossm\n",
-      "em=output*100/inputm\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "inputg=vag*iag\n",
-      "culossg=(r)*iag**2\n",
-      "totalloss=culossg+permachine+(vdm*iam)\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "eg=output*100/(output+totalloss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",em,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",eg,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "motor efficiency= 72.6997578692 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 67.0220868241 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_IdqLKrq.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_IdqLKrq.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 447ef8ab..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_IdqLKrq.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,388 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6743417a1c79c6197a7cd49755318e10828c09b3cb248c5af8d5364367840700"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 28: Generator Characteristics"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.13, Page Number:984"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "#emf increases by 1 V for every increase of 6 A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=96#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "voltageincrease=i/6\n",
-      "vd=i*ra\n",
-      "voltage_rise=voltageincrease-vd\n",
-      "vconsumer=v+voltage_rise\n",
-      "power_supplied=voltage_rise*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage supplied ot consumer= \",vconsumer,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"power supplied by the booster itself= \",power_supplied/1000,\" kW\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage supplied ot consumer=  234.08  V\n",
-        "power supplied by the booster itself=  1.35168  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.14, Page Number:985"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vd=i*r\n",
-      "voltage_decrease=v-vd\n",
-      "feeder_drop=v*r\n",
-      "booster_voltage=v*v/i1\n",
-      "voltage_net=feeder_drop-booster_voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net decrease in voltage= \",voltage_net,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net decrease in voltage=  2.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.15, Page Number:986"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inl=5.0#A\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "il=6.0#A\n",
-      "i_full=200.0#A(full load)\n",
-      "turns=1600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "shunt_turns1=turns*inl\n",
-      "shunt_turns2=turns*il\n",
-      "increase=shunt_turns2-shunt_turns1\n",
-      "n=increase/i_full#number of series turns required\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of series turns required= \",n,\" tunrs/pole\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of series turns required=  8.0  tunrs/pole\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.16, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#turns/pole\n",
-      "series_winding=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "increase_i=0.2#A\n",
-      "ia=80#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "additional_at=n*increase_i\n",
-      "current_required=additional_at/series_winding\n",
-      "R=(current_required*r)/(ia-current_required)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Divertor resistance= \",R,\" ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Divertor resistance=  0.0833333333333  ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.17, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "divertor=0.14#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#short shunt\n",
-      "vd=i*rse\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "armature_drop=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+vd+armature_drop\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "print vd\n",
-      "E2=v+vd\n",
-      "current_divertor=(ia*divertor)/(divertor+rse)\n",
-      "change=(current_divertor/ia)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)emf induced using short shunt= \",E\n",
-      "print \"b)emf induced using long shunt= \",E2\n",
-      "print \"c)series amp-turns are reduced to \",change,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "16.704\n",
-        "a)emf induced using short shunt=  236.44\n",
-        "b)emf induced using long shunt=  236.704\n",
-        "c)series amp-turns are reduced to  70.0  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.18, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=250*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "i=7#A\n",
-      "inl=12#A\n",
-      "shunt=650#turns/pole\n",
-      "series=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "rse=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i_fulload=p/v\n",
-      "shunt_increase=shunt*(inl-i)\n",
-      "ise=shunt_increase/series\n",
-      "i_d=i_fulload-ise\n",
-      "Rd=(ise*rse)/i_d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load\",Rd,\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load 0.0212751091703 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.19, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "p=60.0*1000#W\n",
-      "n=1600.0#turns/pole\n",
-      "inl=1.25#A\n",
-      "vnl=125#V\n",
-      "il=1.75#A\n",
-      "vl=150.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "extra_excitation=n*(il-inl)\n",
-      "ise=p/vl\n",
-      "series=extra_excitation/ise\n",
-      "ise2=extra_excitation/3\n",
-      "i_d=ise-ise2\n",
-      "rd=(ise2*0.02)/i_d\n",
-      "reg=(vnl-vl)*100/vl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)minimum number of series turns/pole= \",series\n",
-      "print \"ii)divertor resistance= \",rd\n",
-      "print \"iii)voltage regulation= \",reg,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)minimum number of series turns/pole=  2.0\n",
-        "ii)divertor resistance=  0.04\n",
-        "iii)voltage regulation=  -16.6666666667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.20, Page Number:989"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#v\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=160.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#160 A\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "#50 A\n",
-      "vd2=i2*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 160 A=\",vd,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 50 A=\",vd2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage drop at 160 A= 8.0 V\n",
-        "voltage drop at 50 A= 2.5 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_InkBya3.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_InkBya3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e889465f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_InkBya3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:c262c33cbbcf1d1756b9358f8cf1d8ed92f53825858905e2598fd8e15870c7ca"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 39: Special Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.1, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "p=8.0 #number of poles\n",
-      "tp=5.0 #number of teeth for each pole\n",
-      "nr=50.0 #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=p*tp #number of stator teeth\n",
-      "B=((nr-ns)*360)/(nr*ns) #stepping angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stepping angle is \",B,\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stepping angle is  1.8 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.2, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=2.5\n",
-      "rn=25\n",
-      "f=3600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=360/B\n",
-      "s=r*rn\n",
-      "n=(B*f)/360\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resolution =\",int(r),\"steps/revolution\"\n",
-      "print \" Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions =\",int(s)\n",
-      "print \" Shaft speed\", int(n),\"rps\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " Resolution = 144 steps/revolution\n",
-        "Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions = 3600\n",
-        "Shaft speed 25 rps\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.3, Page Number:1544"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=15 #stepping angle\n",
-      "pn=3 #number of phases\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#number of stator teeth\n",
-      "ns1=((360*nr)/(360-(nr*B))) #ns>nr\n",
-      "ns2=((360*nr)/(360+(nr*B))) #nr>ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"When ns>nr: ns= \",ns1\n",
-      "print \"When nr>ns: ns= \",ns2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "When ns>nr: ns=  12\n",
-        "When nr>ns: ns=  6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.4, Page Number:1545"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=1.8\n",
-      "pn=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "ns=nr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of rotor teeth = \",int(nr)\n",
-      "print \"Number of statot teeth = \",int(ns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of rotor teeth =  50.0\n",
-        "Number of statot teeth =  50.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.5, Page Number:1555"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=40\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a) For a=40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=(-40)\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"b) For a=-40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "e12=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-150))\n",
-      "e23=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-30))\n",
-      "e31=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a+90))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"c) For a=30 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e12=\" ,e12,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e23=\" ,e23,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e31=\" ,e31,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a) For a=40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "   e3s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "b) For a=-40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "   e3s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "c) For a=30 degrees\n",
-        "   e12= -17.3205080757 V\n",
-        "   e23= 34.6410161514 V\n",
-        "   e31= -17.3205080757 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_K9q4NLY.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_K9q4NLY.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95eb9b1e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_K9q4NLY.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,391 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:cd727f10a4caede23f6dcd22be7261834b049d15aeb309766271ec0c03a024c2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 36: Single-Phase Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.1, Page Number:1374"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=60\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "xo=xm+x2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zf=(((r2/s)*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jf=(((r2/s)*(r2/s)+(x2*xo))/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jf=math.degrees(math.atan(jf/zf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zb=(((r2/(2-s))*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jb=(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s))+(x2*xo))/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jb=math.degrees(math.atan(jb/zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zb\n",
-      "j01=jf+jb+J1\n",
-      "J01=math.degrees(math.atan(j01/z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zb\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "output=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output = \",output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output =  206.798750547\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.2, Page Number:1375"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=185\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "Xo=53.5\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "cl=3.5#core loss\n",
-      "fl=13.5#friction loss\n",
-      "vf=(82.5/100)*v\n",
-      "ic=(cl*100)/vf\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "rc=vf/ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 1\n",
-      "c=1/rc #conductance of corebranch\n",
-      "s=-(1/xm)#susceptance\n",
-      "a1=(r2/s)/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance\n",
-      "a1j=-x2/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance j\n",
-      "yf=c+a1\n",
-      "yfj=s+a1j\n",
-      "zf=(yf*yf)+(yfj*yfj)\n",
-      "zfr=yf/zf\n",
-      "zfj=yfj/zf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 2\n",
-      "a2=(r2/2-s)/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "a2j=-x2/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "yb=yf+a2\n",
-      "ybj=yfj+a2j\n",
-      "zb1=(yb*yb)+(ybj*ybj)\n",
-      "zbr=yb/zb1\n",
-      "zbj=ybj/zb1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zbr\n",
-      "z01j=J1+zfj+zbj\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zbr\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "watt=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "net_output=watt-fl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net output = \",net_output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net output =  -446.423232085\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.3, Page Number:1376"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=250\n",
-      "v=230\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "zm=4.5\n",
-      "zmj=3.7\n",
-      "za=9.5\n",
-      "zaj=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zma=math.degrees(math.atan(zmj/zm))\n",
-      "ialeadv=90-zma\n",
-      "x=za*(math.tan(math.radians(ialeadv)))\n",
-      "xc=x+zaj\n",
-      "c=1000000/(xc*2*50*3.14)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"C= \",c,\" uf\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C=  211.551875951  uf\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.4, Page Number:1393"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p=250\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "ra=20\n",
-      "la=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "#ac\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*la\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "nac=(ebac*ndc)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "pmech=ebac*ia\n",
-      "T=(pmech*9.55)/nac\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque= \",T,\" N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1606.22922133  rpm\n",
-        "Torque=  0.955  N-m\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.821013282424  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.5, Page Number:1394"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=30\n",
-      "l=0.5\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "idc=0.8\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "ia=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-      "ra=r\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(r*idc)\n",
-      "nac=(ndc*ebac)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1700.52062383  rpm\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.864635321971  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.6, Page Number:1396"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "w=8\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "v2=205\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "ns=(120*f)/pole\n",
-      "tsh=(9.55*w*1000)/ns\n",
-      "alpha=0.5*(math.degrees(math.asin((v*v*math.sin(math.radians(2*a)))/(v2*v2))))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V = \",alpha,\" degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V =  42.9327261097  degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_M6VOIpZ.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_M6VOIpZ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99cfc3c1..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_M6VOIpZ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1258 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:add10f49c90b647cf79b01d40fd4e1ca71068a8e9a13aad0c70f06cfeaabeda4"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 35: Computations and Circle Diagrams"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.1, Page Number:1316"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "p=450#W\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "loss=135#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*r\n",
-      "core_loss=p-loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "volt=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "g=core_loss/(3*(v/math.sqrt(3))**2)\n",
-      "y=i*math.sqrt(3)/v\n",
-      "b=math.sqrt(y**2-g**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"exciting conductance=\",g,\"seimens/phase\"\n",
-      "print \"susceptance/phase=\",b,\"seimens/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "exciting conductance= 0.0247933884298 seimens/phase\n",
-        "susceptance/phase= 0.155494939853 seimens/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.2, Page Number:1317"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110.0#V\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "v2=30.0#V\n",
-      "inpt=440.0#W\n",
-      "loss=40.0#W\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=vs/i\n",
-      "losses=inpt-loss\n",
-      "r01=losses/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "dc_r=r/2.0\n",
-      "ac_r=dc_r*ratio\n",
-      "effective_r=r01-ac_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r1=\",ac_r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",effective_r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "x01= 0.659157711696 ohm\n",
-        "r1= 0.08 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.133333333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.10, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=1/4.0\n",
-      "slip=3.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=math.sqrt(ratio/((ratio2**2)*0.01*slip))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Percentage Tapping=\",K*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Percentage Tapping= 72.1687836487 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.11, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "n=950#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=v1/math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "If=6*v*i/v1\n",
-      "K=v/v1\n",
-      "kisc=K**2*6*i\n",
-      "ts_tf=(1/6.0)*6**2*(f/1000.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)current=\",If,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)line current=\",kisc,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)percentage=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)voltage= 298.142397 V\n",
-        "b)current= 134.16407865 A\n",
-        "c)line current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "d)percentage= 30.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.12, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=5.0\n",
-      "per=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(ratio/3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(3.0/5)*5**2*0.01*per*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",tst_tf,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 75.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.13, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "per=3.5\n",
-      "v2=92.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(2/(v/v2))\n",
-      "ts_tf=k**2*(v/v2)**2*0.01*per\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 30.4347826087 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.14, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=12.0#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i=45.0#A\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "if_=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*pf*v)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/if_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 2.244\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.15, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=60.0#A\n",
-      "n1=940.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=150.0#N-m\n",
-      "i2=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=(1000-n1)/1000\n",
-      "tst=t*(i2/i)**2*sf\n",
-      "s_i=i2/3\n",
-      "sd_tst=tst/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print\"when star/delta is used:\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",s_i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",sd_tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Starting torque= 225.0 N-m\n",
-        "when star/delta is used:\n",
-        "starting current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 75.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.16, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "tapping=70.7\n",
-      "ratio=6.0\n",
-      "slip=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tst_tf=(1.0/3.0)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "tst_tf2=(1.0/2)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star-delta switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformer switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "star-delta switch:starting torque= 48.0 %\n",
-        "auto-transformer switch:starting torque= 72.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.17, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11.2#W\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=960.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=86.4#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*pf*math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "iph=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(ist*math.sqrt(3)/il)**2*0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting torque= 26.6369577796 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.18, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "iscp=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=iscp/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 1.23388000387\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.19, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.73*1000#W\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=4.5\n",
-      "t=250.0\n",
-      "i=650.0\n",
-      "tap=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=i/3\n",
-      "im=i/3\n",
-      "tst=t/3\n",
-      "ilm=(tap/100)**2*i\n",
-      "imk=(tap/100)*i\n",
-      "tstk=(tap/100)**2*t\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star/delta:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",im,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"60% taps:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ilm,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",imk,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tstk,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " star/delta:\n",
-        "line current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "motor current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 83.3333333333 %\n",
-        "60% taps:\n",
-        "line current= 234.0 %\n",
-        "motor current= 390.0 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.20, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=180.0\n",
-      "flt=35.0\n",
-      "tap=75.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=load*3.0/100\n",
-      "isck=tap**2*isc/100\n",
-      "sf=flt*3\n",
-      "tst_tf=tap**2*sf/100\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",isck,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf/100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 303.75 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 59.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.21, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=7.46#kW\n",
-      "ic=1.7\n",
-      "t=35.0\n",
-      "ratio=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=t*3/100\n",
-      "il1=ic*3\n",
-      "tst=(ratio/1000)**2*sf*10000\n",
-      "il2=(ratio/100)*3*ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"auto-starter:\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current=\",il1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage decreased to 60%\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current\",il2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-starter:\n",
-        "line-current= 5.1 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n",
-        "voltage decreased to 60%\n",
-        "line-current 3.06 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.22, Page Number:1342"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slip=2.0\n",
-      "r=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=6.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "smax=r2=slip/100.0\n",
-      "R1=r2/smax\n",
-      "K=math.pow(smax,1.0/5)\n",
-      "R2=K*R1\n",
-      "R3=K*R2\n",
-      "R4=K*R3\n",
-      "R5=K*R4\n",
-      "p1=R1-R2\n",
-      "p2=R2-R3\n",
-      "p3=R3-R4\n",
-      "p4=R4-R5\n",
-      "p5=R5-r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistances of various starter sections:\"\n",
-      "print \"p1=\",p1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p2=\",p2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p3=\",p3,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p4=\",p4,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p5=\",p5,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistances of various starter sections:\n",
-        "p1= 0.542694948073 ohm\n",
-        "p2= 0.248177141409 ohm\n",
-        "p3= 0.113492660539 ohm\n",
-        "p4= 0.0519007670213 ohm\n",
-        "p5= 0.0237344829577 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.23, Page Number:1345"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "primary=complex(1,3)\n",
-      "outer=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.6,5)\n",
-      "s=4\n",
-      "outer2=complex(3/(s*0.01),1)\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.6/(s*0.01),5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer)+(1/inner))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=4\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer2)+(1/inner2))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=4: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1: torque= 35065.3642462 synch watt\n",
-        "s=4: torque= 32129.9449695 synch watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.24, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.4,2)\n",
-      "outer=complex(2,0.4)\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.4/(s*0.01),2)\n",
-      "outer2=complex(2/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer)\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner.imag/outer.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zo/zi)**2\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=1:\",to_ti\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=5\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner2)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer2)\n",
-      "print zi\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner2.imag/outer2.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zi/zo)**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=5:\",to_ti"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=1: 5.0\n",
-        "8.24621125124\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=5: 0.212478752125\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.25, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05,0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5,0.1)\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.01\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5/(s*0.01),0.1)\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=5:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 22307.6923077 synch watts\n",
-        "s=5:torque= 9620.58966517 synch watts\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.26, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=Symbol('s')\n",
-      "z2=complex(2,1.2)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0.5,3.5)\n",
-      "#Z1=((2/s)^2+1.2^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#Z2=((0.5/s)^2+3.5^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#T1=T2\n",
-      "ans=solve([(((2**2)/(s**2))+1.2**2)-((((0.5**2)/(s**2))+3.5**2)*4)],[s])\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",round(ans[1][0]*100,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 25.1 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.27, Page Number:1347"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zo=complex(1,0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.15,3)\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "stator=complex(0.25,3.5)\n",
-      "z01=z2+stator\n",
-      "i=complex(v,0)/z01\n",
-      "i=abs(i)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z01.real\n",
-      "T=cu_loss*3/(2*math.pi*(n/60))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",T,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 135.560320318 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.28, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z1=complex(1,2.8)\n",
-      "zo=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5,5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.04\n",
-      "zo=complex(3.0/s,1.0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5/s,5.0)\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=4:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 12388.3258184 synch. watt\n",
-        "s=4:torque= 11489.1141244 synch. watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.29, Page Number:1351"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1440.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1320.0#rpm\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/4.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n1)/ns\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.6 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.30, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "s1=s\n",
-      "n1=ns*(1-s1)\n",
-      "n2=n1-10*n1/100\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.646666666667 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.31, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/6\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f_=sa*f\n",
-      "n_=(120*f_)/4\n",
-      "sb=(n_-n)/n_\n",
-      "f__=sb*f_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resu;t\n",
-      "print \"f_=\",f_,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"f_ _=\",f__,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "f_= 20.6 Hz\n",
-        "f_ _= 1.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.32, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f2=1.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "s=f2/f\n",
-      "n=nsc-s*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/4\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f1=sa*f\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "sb=(n2-n)/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 60.8 %\n",
-        "sb= 3.28947368421 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.33, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=74.6#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 29.84 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 79
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.34, Page Number:1355"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 10 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_MATCOZO.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_MATCOZO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f35c124e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_MATCOZO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1233 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:fc88e8a107629d62ff7c77f84f67a9d9da67e1160053ed6d930ef88cb4cc11d6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 27: Armature Reaction and Commutation"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.1, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=722\n",
-      "ia=100.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=8.0#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 802.222222222\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 3710.27777778\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.2, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=1280\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "commuter=160\n",
-      "advanced_segments=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/8\n",
-      "theta_m=advanced_segments*360/commuter\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 800.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1200.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(a), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=880\n",
-      "ia=120.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=3.0#degrees\n",
-      "n=1100#tturns/pole\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "iadditional=(atd_perpole/n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"b)cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"c)additional field current=\",iadditional,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)armature demagnetization= 440.0 AT\n",
-        "b)cross-magnetization= 6160.0 AT\n",
-        "c)additional field current= 0.4 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(b), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=480\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0*2#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/4\n",
-      "total=(z*i)/(2*p)\n",
-      "atd_perpole=total*(2*theta_m/180)\n",
-      "atc_perpole=total*(1-(2*theta_m/180))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 500.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1750.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.4, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=492\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0\n",
-      "ia=143.0+10.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=ia/2#wave wound\n",
-      "i2=ia/4#lap wound\n",
-      "atd_perpole1=z*i1*theta_m/360#wave wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt1=atd_perpole1/theta_m\n",
-      "atd_perpole2=z*i2*(theta_m/360.0)#lap wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt2=atd_perpole2/theta_m\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"wave wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole1,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt1)\n",
-      "print \"lap wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole2,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "wave wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 1045.5 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 104\n",
-        "lap wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 522.75 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 52\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.5, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "p=50*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "z=400\n",
-      "commuter=4\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "segments=z/a\n",
-      "theta=pole*360.0/segments\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360)\n",
-      "extra=atd/ish\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"demagnetisation=\",atd,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt turns/poles\",extra"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "demagnetisation= 820.0 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt turns/poles 164.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.6, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "theta=10.0#degrees\n",
-      "lambda_=1.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*p))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "atd=z*i*theta/360\n",
-      "extra=lambda_*atd/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)cross magnetization ampere-turns=\",atc\n",
-      "print \"ii)back ampere-turns\",atd\n",
-      "print \"iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns\",int(extra)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)cross magnetization ampere-turns= 2777.77777778\n",
-        "ii)back ampere-turns 1388.88888889\n",
-        "iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns 9\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.7, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=22.38#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "z=840\n",
-      "commutator=140\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ish=1.8#A\n",
-      "back=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=p*1000.0/efficiency\n",
-      "input_i=motor_input/v\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2.0\n",
-      "theta=back*360/commutator\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360.0)\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*pole))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole=\",atd\n",
-      "print \"distorting amp-turns/pole=\",atc"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole= 251.998140496\n",
-        "distorting amp-turns/pole= 2687.98016529\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.8, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ia=1000#A\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "z=860\n",
-      "per=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "at=per/p*z*(i/2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"AT/pole for compensation winding=\",at"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "AT/pole for compensation winding= 3010.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.9, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "segment=123\n",
-      "wb=3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=n/60.0*segment\n",
-      "commutation=wb/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commutation time=\",commutation*1000,\"millisecond\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commutation time= 1.82926829268 millisecond\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.10, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "d=30#cm\n",
-      "ia=150#A\n",
-      "wb=1.25#cm\n",
-      "L=0.07*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "v=3.14*d*(n/60)\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 19.782 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.11, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "segments=55\n",
-      "n=900\n",
-      "wb=1.74\n",
-      "L=153*math.pow(10,-6)#H\n",
-      "i=27#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=segments*n/60\n",
-      "Tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/Tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 3.91732758621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.12, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "z=64\n",
-      "wb=1.2\n",
-      "L=0.05#mH\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "L=L*0.001\n",
-      "v=n/60*z\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "#i.linear\n",
-      "E1=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "#ii.sinusoidal\n",
-      "E2=1.11*E1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Linear commutation,E=\",E1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Sinosoidal commutation,E=\",E2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Linear commutation,E= 5.0 V\n",
-        "Sinosoidal commutation,E= 5.55 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.13, Page Number:951"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "B=0.5#Wb/m2\n",
-      "Ig=4.0#mm\n",
-      "ia=500.0#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "arm_mmf=z*(ia/p)/(2*p)\n",
-      "compole=int(B*Ig*0.001/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)))\n",
-      "mag=0.1*compole\n",
-      "total_compole=int(compole+mag)\n",
-      "total_mmf=arm_mmf+total_compole\n",
-      "Ncp=total_mmf/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of turns on each commutating pole=\",int(Ncp)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of turns on each commutating pole= 11\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.14, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p1=100.0#kW\n",
-      "V1=250#V\n",
-      "p2=300.0#kW\n",
-      "V2=250#V\n",
-      "i1=200#A\n",
-      "i2=500#A\n",
-      "il=600#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "delI1=p1/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "delI2=p2/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load=\",delI1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load=\",delI2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load= 150.0 A\n",
-        "Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load= 450.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 92
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.15, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v_nl1=270#V\n",
-      "v_l=220#V\n",
-      "il1=35#A\n",
-      "v_nl2=280#V\n",
-      "il2=50#A\n",
-      "il=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v_nl1-v_l\n",
-      "vd_pa=vd1/il1#voltage drop per ampere\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd_pa2=(v_nl2-v_l)/il2\n",
-      "#270=(10/7)i1=280-1.2*i2\n",
-      "ans=solve([4.2*i2-5*i1-35,i1+i2-60],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v_nl2-vd_pa2*ans[i2]\n",
-      "o1=v*ans[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=v*ans[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output current of first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1)\n",
-      "print \"output current of second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1)\n",
-      "print \"output of first machine=\",round(o1,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second machine=\",round(o2,1),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output current of first machine= 23.6\n",
-        "output current of second machine= 36.4\n",
-        "output of first machine= 5.7 kW\n",
-        "output of second machine= 8.9 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.16, Page Number:958"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rf=20#ohm\n",
-      "i=4000#A\n",
-      "v1=210#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#V+(i1+v/20)*0.01=210\n",
-      "#V+(i2+v/20)*0.01=220\n",
-      "#solving the above two equations we have i1-i2=1000\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1-i2-1000,i1+i2-4000],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=solve([v1-(ans[i1]+v/20)*0.01-v],[v])\n",
-      "o1=V[v]*ans[i1]/1000\n",
-      "o2=V[v]*ans[i2]/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",V[v],\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"output of first generator=\",o1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second generator=\",o2,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Bus bar voltage= 184.907546226887 V\n",
-        "output of first generator= 462.268865567216 kW\n",
-        "output of second generator= 277.361319340330 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.17, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "i=250.0#A\n",
-      "v1=50.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=100.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.06\n",
-      "r2=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v*r1\n",
-      "il1=v1*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d1=vd1/il1\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd2=v*r2\n",
-      "il2=v2*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d2=vd2/il2\n",
-      "#3i1/10=i2/10\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1+i2-i,3*i1-i2],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v-(3*ans[i1]/10)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(v,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to first machine= 62.5 A\n",
-        "current delivered to second machine= 187.5 A\n",
-        "terminal voltage= 481.3 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.18, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x1=Symbol('x1')\n",
-      "x2=Symbol('x2')\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "w1=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=119.0#V\n",
-      "w2=200.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=116.0#V\n",
-      "i=3500.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-119)(x1/100)] for generator 1\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-116)(x2/100)] for generator 2\n",
-      "#(250x1*1000/100)+(200x2*1000/100)=v*3500\n",
-      "#v=125-6x1/100\n",
-      "ans=solve([(250.0*x1*1000.0/100.0)+(200.0*(2.0*x1*1000.0)/300.0)-((125.0-((6.0*x1)/100.0))*3500.0)],[x1])\n",
-      "V=v-(6.0*ans[x1]/100.0)\n",
-      "ans2=solve([V-(v-((v-v2)*(x2/100.0)))],[x2])\n",
-      "ratio=ans[x1]/ans2[x2]\n",
-      "I=solve([ratio-((i1*w2)/(i2*w1)),i1+i2-i],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(I[i1],0),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(I[i2],0),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 2283.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 1217.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.19, Page Number:960"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "IA=Symbol('IA')\n",
-      "IB=Symbol('IB')\n",
-      "va1=240.0#V\n",
-      "va2=220.0#v\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "vb1=245.0#V\n",
-      "vb2=220.0#V\n",
-      "ib=150.0#A\n",
-      "i=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=solve([(va1-((va1-va2)*IA/ia))-(vb1-((vb1-vb2)*IB/ib)),IA+IB-i],[IA,IB])\n",
-      "vbus=va1-((va1-va2)*I[IA]/ia)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",round(I[IA],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",round(I[IB],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"V bus=\",round(vbus,2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 168.75 A\n",
-        "IB= 131.25 A\n",
-        "V bus= 223.13 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.20, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "n=5.0#number ofshunt generators\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "incr=0.04#increase in current\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=p/n\n",
-      "o=load*1000.0/v\n",
-      "a_drop=ra*o\n",
-      "emf=v+a_drop\n",
-      "incr=incr*emf\n",
-      "emf1=emf+incr\n",
-      "#emf1-ra*i1=V\n",
-      "#emf-ra*i2=V\n",
-      "I=solve([emf1-emf-ra*(i1-i2),i1+4.1*i2-510],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=I[i1]+4.0*I[i2]#V=i1+4*i2\n",
-      "o1=V*I[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=V*I[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power output of first machine=\",round(o1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output of second machine=\",round(o2,2),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage=\",round(V),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power output of first machine= 133.0 kW\n",
-        "Power output of second machine= 30.24 kW\n",
-        "Terminal voltage= 504.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.21, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "i=1500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "emf1=400.0#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "emf2=440.0#V\n",
-      "rs1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs2=80.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#i2=1500-i1\n",
-      "#ish1=v/100, ish2=v/80\n",
-      "#ia1=i1+v/100, ia2=i2+v/80\n",
-      "ans=solve([(0.5/0.04)-((emf1-1.005*V)/(1.0005*V-380))],[V])\n",
-      "i1=(emf1-1.005*ans[V])/0.5\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "o1=ans[V]*i1/1000\n",
-      "o2=ans[V]*i2/1000\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage=\",round(ans[V],2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 33.86 A\n",
-        "I2= 1466.14 A\n",
-        "Terminal Voltage= 381.16 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.22, Page Number:962"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v1=250#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "rf1=100#ohm\n",
-      "v2=248#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "rf2=100#ohm\n",
-      "i=40#A\n",
-      "ir=0.172#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([V+((I+V/rf1)*ra1)-v1,V+((I+V/rf2)*ra2)-v2],[I,V])\n",
-      "ib=i-2*ans[I]\n",
-      "vd=ib*ir\n",
-      "eb=ans[V]+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf of battery=\",round(eb),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of battery= 248.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.23, Page Number:963"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=400#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "vb=410#V\n",
-      "rb=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "V=390#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loada=(va-V)/ra\n",
-      "loadb=(vb-V)/rb\n",
-      "pa=loada*V\n",
-      "pb=loadb*V\n",
-      "net_v=vb-va\n",
-      "total_r=ra+rb\n",
-      "i=net_v/total_r\n",
-      "terminal_v=va+(i*ra)\n",
-      "power_AtoB=terminal_v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",terminal_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power=\",power_AtoB,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 15.3846153846 A\n",
-        "Voltage= 403.846153846 V\n",
-        "Power= 6213.01775148 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.24, Page Number:964"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "i=500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "ra2=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "sw1=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "sw2=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "e1=240.0#V\n",
-      "e2=244.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "V=solve([(((e1-v)/ra1)+((e2-v)/ra2)-i)],[v])\n",
-      "i1=(e1-V[v])/ra1\n",
-      "i2=(e2-V[v])/ra2\n",
-      "#ratio of series winding (1/0.004):(1/0.0006) or 3:2\n",
-      "is1=i*3/5\n",
-      "is2=i*2/5\n",
-      "vbus=V[v]-(is1*sw1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current in series winding:\"\n",
-      "print \"generator A=\",round(is1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"generator B=\",round(is2),\"B\"\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",round(vbus,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 200.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 300.0 A\n",
-        "Current in series winding:\n",
-        "generator A= 300.0 A\n",
-        "generator B= 200.0 B\n",
-        "Bus bar voltage= 236.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ObFCoay.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ObFCoay.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index aebdac51..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ObFCoay.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:7d0991402755fd2e3c1083bccec70e0a43143da000e9a99e70877269e1fdc43a"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 31: Testing of DC Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.1, Page Number:1092"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l=38.1#kg\n",
-      "d=63.53*0.01#cm\n",
-      "v=12#rps\n",
-      "i=49#A\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=d/2\n",
-      "torque=l*r*9.81\n",
-      "power=torque*2*3.14*v\n",
-      "motor_input=i*V\n",
-      "efficiency=power*100/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output power=\",round(power),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(efficiency),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output power= 8947.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 83.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(a), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "spring_b1=10.0#kg\n",
-      "spring_b2=35.0#kg\n",
-      "d=40*0.01#m\n",
-      "v=950.0#rpm\n",
-      "V=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=30.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "F=(spring_b2-spring_b1)*9.81\n",
-      "N=v/60\n",
-      "R=d/2\n",
-      "tsh=F*R\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*N\n",
-      "output=tsh*omega\n",
-      "motor_input=V*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 4877.205 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.28675 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(b), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "t1=2.9#kg\n",
-      "t2=0.17#kg\n",
-      "r=7*0.01#m\n",
-      "i=2.0#A\n",
-      "V=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "force=(t1-t2)*9.81\n",
-      "torque=force*r\n",
-      "output=torque*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(V*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",torque,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1.874691 N-m\n",
-        "output 294.326487 W\n",
-        "efficiency 63.984018913 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.3, Page Number:1095"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_noload=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=i-ish\n",
-      "culoss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_noload-culoss\n",
-      "ia=32-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(output/input_)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 70.1754545455 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.4, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/r\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "Ia=I-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=Ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_lossa\n",
-      "input_nl1=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_nl1-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_nl\n",
-      "Eb1=V-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=V-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "change=math.fabs((Eb1-Eb2)/Eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*10,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",change*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 16852.5 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 84.2625 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= 5.64617314931 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.5, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=44.76#kW\n",
-      "i=13.25#A\n",
-      "ish=2.55#A\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p_nl=v*i\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "bd_loss=2*ia\n",
-      "variable_loss=bd_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "w=p_nl-variable_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-p*1000-w-2*I-ra*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v\n",
-      "e=p*1000/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Full load current=\",round(il),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Full load efficiency=\",round(e*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Full load current= 226.0 A\n",
-        "Full load efficiency= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.6, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "o=17.158#kW\n",
-      "inpt=20.2#KW\n",
-      "rf=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "o2=7.46#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loss1=inpt*1000.0-o*1000.0\n",
-      "ic=inpt*1000.0/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=ic-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "const_loss=loss1-cu_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-o2*1000.0-(ra*I**2)-const_loss],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v/1000.0\n",
-      "e=o2*1000*100/(pin*1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(il),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 74.1 %\n",
-        "power input= 50.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.7, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92#kW\n",
-      "ia=6.5#A\n",
-      "ish=2.2#A\n",
-      "i=70.0#A\n",
-      "pd=3.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ic_nl=ia+ish\n",
-      "pi=v*ic_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*pd/i\n",
-      "const_loss=pi-cu_lossa\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*I+cu_loss-p*1000-const_loss-(pd/i)*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "ic=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=v*ic\n",
-      "e=p*1000*100/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.8, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=200*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i1=36.0#A\n",
-      "I1=12.0#A\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "pd=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=400.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ia=i1-I1\n",
-      "ra=pd/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_nl=v*i1\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "output_i=p/v\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/(p+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "output_i=p/(2*v)\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/((p/2+total_loss)*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at half load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at full load= 91.3736344667 %\n",
-        "efficiency at half load= 89.6559292335 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.9, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92*1000#W\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpn\n",
-      "rsh=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=78.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_=0.8*p/e\n",
-      "total_loss=input_-0.8*p\n",
-      "input_i=input_/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "ra=total_loss/(2*(ia**2))\n",
-      "Ia=i-ish\n",
-      "total_loss2=Ia**2*ra+total_loss/2\n",
-      "input__=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=(input__-total_loss2)*100/input__\n",
-      "Eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=v-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "n2=(n*Eb2)/Eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"r.p.m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 86.9450046554 %\n",
-        "speed= 678.443304738 r.p.m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.10(a), Page Number:1101"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#W\n",
-      "i2=90.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=p/v\n",
-      "efficiency=math.sqrt(i1/(i1+i2))*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.11, Page Number:1102"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "motor_i=100#A\n",
-      "shunt_i1=3#A\n",
-      "shunt_i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "cu_loss=500#W\n",
-      "cu_lossa=361#W\n",
-      "ia=85#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "mech_core_stray_loss=0.5*((v*i)-(motor_i**2*ra)-(ia**2*ra))\n",
-      "cu_motor=v*shunt_i1\n",
-      "generator_motor=v*shunt_i2\n",
-      "total_loss=mech_core_stray_loss+cu_motor+generator_motor\n",
-      "input_=v*i+cu_motor\n",
-      "output=v*ia*10**(-3)\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss*10**(-3)+1.07+0.36\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eficiency= 89.8045430534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.12, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "i=48#A\n",
-      "i1=3#a\n",
-      "i2=3.5#A\n",
-      "motor_i=230#A\n",
-      "ra=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "cu_loss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=motor_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i1\n",
-      "total_cu_lossm=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "arm_i=233-i+i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=arm_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=arm_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i2\n",
-      "total_cu_lossg=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#set\n",
-      "totalcu_loss=total_cu_lossm+total_cu_lossg\n",
-      "total_input=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_input-totalcu_loss\n",
-      "strayloss_per=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor efficiency\n",
-      "input_=233*v\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossm+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",e,\"%\"\n",
-      "#generator efficiency\n",
-      "input_=110*185\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossg+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "100\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.4590884705 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 88.5893642506 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.13, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable series\n",
-      "v=500.0#A\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#w\n",
-      "auxiliary_i=30.0#A\n",
-      "output_i=200.0#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "i2=1.8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.075#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=2.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_arm=output_i+auxiliary_i\n",
-      "motorarm_culoss=(motor_arm**2*ra)+(motor_arm*2)\n",
-      "motorfield_culoss=v*i2\n",
-      "generatorarm_culoss=(output_i**2*ra)+(output_i*2)\n",
-      "generatoefield_culoss=v*i1\n",
-      "total_culoss=motorarm_culoss+motorfield_culoss+generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss\n",
-      "power=v*auxiliary_i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-total_culoss\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "total_loss=generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss+permachine\n",
-      "output=v*output_i\n",
-      "e=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 93.1001175389 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.14, Page Number:1104"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "motor_i=400.0#A\n",
-      "i1=6.0#A\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(motor_i-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*motor_i)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(motor_i-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 92.3148148148 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 91.4642857143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 77
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.15, Page Number:1105"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ia=380.0#A\n",
-      "i1=5.0#A\n",
-      "i2=4.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(ia-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*ia)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.7038001041 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 95.2121212121 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.16, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "v2=190.0#V\n",
-      "t=30#sec\n",
-      "t2=20#sec\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "avg_i=i/2\n",
-      "power=avg_v*avg_i\n",
-      "W=power*(t2/(t-t2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Stray loss=\",W,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Stray loss= 4100.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 85
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.17, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "n1=1525.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1475.0#ohm\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "p=1000.0#W\n",
-      "t2=20.0#sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "N=(n1+n2)/2\n",
-      "w=p*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(w*dt)/((2*3.14/60)**2*N*dN)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Moment of Inertia=\",I,\"kg-m2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Moment of Inertia= 121.708791432 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.18, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "v2=225.0#V\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "t2=6.0#ohm\n",
-      "iavg=10.0#A\n",
-      "i2=25.0#A\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "w_=avg_v*iavg\n",
-      "W=w_*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "ish=v3/r\n",
-      "ia=i2-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_shunt=v3*ia\n",
-      "total_loss=W+cu_loss+v3\n",
-      "e=((v*i2)-total_loss)/(v*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "734.210526316\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.7564912281 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.19, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n1=1030#rpm\n",
-      "n2=970#rpm\n",
-      "t1=36#sec\n",
-      "t2=15#sec\n",
-      "t3=9#sec\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "v=219#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "W=v*i*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(W*t2)/((2*3.14/60)**2*n*dN)\n",
-      "Wm=W*t2/t1\n",
-      "iron_loss=W-Wm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)moment of inertia=\",I,\"kg.m2\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)mechanical losses=\",Wm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)moment of inertia= 74.9650087225 kg.m2\n",
-        "ii)iron loss= 1916.25 W\n",
-        "iii)mechanical losses= 1368.75 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.20, Page Number:1110"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "iam=56.0#A\n",
-      "vam=590.0#V\n",
-      "vdm=40.0#V\n",
-      "iag=44.0#A\n",
-      "vag=400.0#V\n",
-      "vdg=40.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_total=(vdm+vam)*iam\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "total_loss=input_total-output\n",
-      "rse=vdg/iam\n",
-      "cu_loss=((r+2*rse)*iam**2)+(iag**2*r)\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "permachine=strayloss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "inputm=vam*iam\n",
-      "culossm=(r+rse)*iam**2\n",
-      "totallossm=culossm+permachine\n",
-      "output=inputm-totallossm\n",
-      "em=output*100/inputm\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "inputg=vag*iag\n",
-      "culossg=(r)*iag**2\n",
-      "totalloss=culossg+permachine+(vdm*iam)\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "eg=output*100/(output+totalloss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",em,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",eg,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "motor efficiency= 72.6997578692 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 67.0220868241 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_PD3CwbT.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_PD3CwbT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99cfc3c1..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_PD3CwbT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1258 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:add10f49c90b647cf79b01d40fd4e1ca71068a8e9a13aad0c70f06cfeaabeda4"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 35: Computations and Circle Diagrams"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.1, Page Number:1316"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "p=450#W\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "loss=135#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*r\n",
-      "core_loss=p-loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "volt=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "g=core_loss/(3*(v/math.sqrt(3))**2)\n",
-      "y=i*math.sqrt(3)/v\n",
-      "b=math.sqrt(y**2-g**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"exciting conductance=\",g,\"seimens/phase\"\n",
-      "print \"susceptance/phase=\",b,\"seimens/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "exciting conductance= 0.0247933884298 seimens/phase\n",
-        "susceptance/phase= 0.155494939853 seimens/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.2, Page Number:1317"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110.0#V\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "v2=30.0#V\n",
-      "inpt=440.0#W\n",
-      "loss=40.0#W\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=vs/i\n",
-      "losses=inpt-loss\n",
-      "r01=losses/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "dc_r=r/2.0\n",
-      "ac_r=dc_r*ratio\n",
-      "effective_r=r01-ac_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r1=\",ac_r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",effective_r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "x01= 0.659157711696 ohm\n",
-        "r1= 0.08 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.133333333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.10, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=1/4.0\n",
-      "slip=3.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=math.sqrt(ratio/((ratio2**2)*0.01*slip))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Percentage Tapping=\",K*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Percentage Tapping= 72.1687836487 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.11, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "n=950#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=v1/math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "If=6*v*i/v1\n",
-      "K=v/v1\n",
-      "kisc=K**2*6*i\n",
-      "ts_tf=(1/6.0)*6**2*(f/1000.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)current=\",If,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)line current=\",kisc,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)percentage=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)voltage= 298.142397 V\n",
-        "b)current= 134.16407865 A\n",
-        "c)line current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "d)percentage= 30.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.12, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=5.0\n",
-      "per=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(ratio/3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(3.0/5)*5**2*0.01*per*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",tst_tf,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 75.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.13, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "per=3.5\n",
-      "v2=92.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(2/(v/v2))\n",
-      "ts_tf=k**2*(v/v2)**2*0.01*per\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 30.4347826087 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.14, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=12.0#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i=45.0#A\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "if_=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*pf*v)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/if_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 2.244\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.15, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=60.0#A\n",
-      "n1=940.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=150.0#N-m\n",
-      "i2=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=(1000-n1)/1000\n",
-      "tst=t*(i2/i)**2*sf\n",
-      "s_i=i2/3\n",
-      "sd_tst=tst/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print\"when star/delta is used:\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",s_i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",sd_tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Starting torque= 225.0 N-m\n",
-        "when star/delta is used:\n",
-        "starting current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 75.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.16, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "tapping=70.7\n",
-      "ratio=6.0\n",
-      "slip=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tst_tf=(1.0/3.0)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "tst_tf2=(1.0/2)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star-delta switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformer switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "star-delta switch:starting torque= 48.0 %\n",
-        "auto-transformer switch:starting torque= 72.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.17, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11.2#W\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=960.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=86.4#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*pf*math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "iph=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(ist*math.sqrt(3)/il)**2*0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting torque= 26.6369577796 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.18, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "iscp=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=iscp/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 1.23388000387\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.19, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.73*1000#W\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=4.5\n",
-      "t=250.0\n",
-      "i=650.0\n",
-      "tap=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=i/3\n",
-      "im=i/3\n",
-      "tst=t/3\n",
-      "ilm=(tap/100)**2*i\n",
-      "imk=(tap/100)*i\n",
-      "tstk=(tap/100)**2*t\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star/delta:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",im,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"60% taps:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ilm,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",imk,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tstk,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " star/delta:\n",
-        "line current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "motor current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 83.3333333333 %\n",
-        "60% taps:\n",
-        "line current= 234.0 %\n",
-        "motor current= 390.0 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.20, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=180.0\n",
-      "flt=35.0\n",
-      "tap=75.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=load*3.0/100\n",
-      "isck=tap**2*isc/100\n",
-      "sf=flt*3\n",
-      "tst_tf=tap**2*sf/100\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",isck,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf/100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 303.75 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 59.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.21, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=7.46#kW\n",
-      "ic=1.7\n",
-      "t=35.0\n",
-      "ratio=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=t*3/100\n",
-      "il1=ic*3\n",
-      "tst=(ratio/1000)**2*sf*10000\n",
-      "il2=(ratio/100)*3*ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"auto-starter:\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current=\",il1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage decreased to 60%\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current\",il2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-starter:\n",
-        "line-current= 5.1 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n",
-        "voltage decreased to 60%\n",
-        "line-current 3.06 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.22, Page Number:1342"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slip=2.0\n",
-      "r=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=6.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "smax=r2=slip/100.0\n",
-      "R1=r2/smax\n",
-      "K=math.pow(smax,1.0/5)\n",
-      "R2=K*R1\n",
-      "R3=K*R2\n",
-      "R4=K*R3\n",
-      "R5=K*R4\n",
-      "p1=R1-R2\n",
-      "p2=R2-R3\n",
-      "p3=R3-R4\n",
-      "p4=R4-R5\n",
-      "p5=R5-r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistances of various starter sections:\"\n",
-      "print \"p1=\",p1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p2=\",p2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p3=\",p3,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p4=\",p4,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p5=\",p5,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistances of various starter sections:\n",
-        "p1= 0.542694948073 ohm\n",
-        "p2= 0.248177141409 ohm\n",
-        "p3= 0.113492660539 ohm\n",
-        "p4= 0.0519007670213 ohm\n",
-        "p5= 0.0237344829577 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.23, Page Number:1345"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "primary=complex(1,3)\n",
-      "outer=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.6,5)\n",
-      "s=4\n",
-      "outer2=complex(3/(s*0.01),1)\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.6/(s*0.01),5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer)+(1/inner))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=4\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer2)+(1/inner2))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=4: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1: torque= 35065.3642462 synch watt\n",
-        "s=4: torque= 32129.9449695 synch watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.24, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.4,2)\n",
-      "outer=complex(2,0.4)\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.4/(s*0.01),2)\n",
-      "outer2=complex(2/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer)\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner.imag/outer.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zo/zi)**2\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=1:\",to_ti\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=5\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner2)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer2)\n",
-      "print zi\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner2.imag/outer2.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zi/zo)**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=5:\",to_ti"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=1: 5.0\n",
-        "8.24621125124\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=5: 0.212478752125\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.25, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05,0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5,0.1)\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.01\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5/(s*0.01),0.1)\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=5:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 22307.6923077 synch watts\n",
-        "s=5:torque= 9620.58966517 synch watts\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.26, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=Symbol('s')\n",
-      "z2=complex(2,1.2)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0.5,3.5)\n",
-      "#Z1=((2/s)^2+1.2^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#Z2=((0.5/s)^2+3.5^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#T1=T2\n",
-      "ans=solve([(((2**2)/(s**2))+1.2**2)-((((0.5**2)/(s**2))+3.5**2)*4)],[s])\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",round(ans[1][0]*100,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 25.1 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.27, Page Number:1347"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zo=complex(1,0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.15,3)\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "stator=complex(0.25,3.5)\n",
-      "z01=z2+stator\n",
-      "i=complex(v,0)/z01\n",
-      "i=abs(i)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z01.real\n",
-      "T=cu_loss*3/(2*math.pi*(n/60))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",T,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 135.560320318 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.28, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z1=complex(1,2.8)\n",
-      "zo=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5,5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.04\n",
-      "zo=complex(3.0/s,1.0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5/s,5.0)\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=4:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 12388.3258184 synch. watt\n",
-        "s=4:torque= 11489.1141244 synch. watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.29, Page Number:1351"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1440.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1320.0#rpm\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/4.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n1)/ns\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.6 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.30, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "s1=s\n",
-      "n1=ns*(1-s1)\n",
-      "n2=n1-10*n1/100\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.646666666667 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.31, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/6\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f_=sa*f\n",
-      "n_=(120*f_)/4\n",
-      "sb=(n_-n)/n_\n",
-      "f__=sb*f_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resu;t\n",
-      "print \"f_=\",f_,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"f_ _=\",f__,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "f_= 20.6 Hz\n",
-        "f_ _= 1.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.32, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f2=1.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "s=f2/f\n",
-      "n=nsc-s*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/4\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f1=sa*f\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "sb=(n2-n)/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 60.8 %\n",
-        "sb= 3.28947368421 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.33, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=74.6#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 29.84 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 79
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.34, Page Number:1355"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 10 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_PVVeE6Y.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_PVVeE6Y.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99cfc3c1..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_PVVeE6Y.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1258 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:add10f49c90b647cf79b01d40fd4e1ca71068a8e9a13aad0c70f06cfeaabeda4"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 35: Computations and Circle Diagrams"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.1, Page Number:1316"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "p=450#W\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "loss=135#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*r\n",
-      "core_loss=p-loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "volt=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "g=core_loss/(3*(v/math.sqrt(3))**2)\n",
-      "y=i*math.sqrt(3)/v\n",
-      "b=math.sqrt(y**2-g**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"exciting conductance=\",g,\"seimens/phase\"\n",
-      "print \"susceptance/phase=\",b,\"seimens/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "exciting conductance= 0.0247933884298 seimens/phase\n",
-        "susceptance/phase= 0.155494939853 seimens/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.2, Page Number:1317"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110.0#V\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "v2=30.0#V\n",
-      "inpt=440.0#W\n",
-      "loss=40.0#W\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=vs/i\n",
-      "losses=inpt-loss\n",
-      "r01=losses/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "dc_r=r/2.0\n",
-      "ac_r=dc_r*ratio\n",
-      "effective_r=r01-ac_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r1=\",ac_r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",effective_r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "x01= 0.659157711696 ohm\n",
-        "r1= 0.08 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.133333333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.10, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=1/4.0\n",
-      "slip=3.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=math.sqrt(ratio/((ratio2**2)*0.01*slip))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Percentage Tapping=\",K*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Percentage Tapping= 72.1687836487 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.11, Page Number:1333"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "n=950#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=v1/math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "If=6*v*i/v1\n",
-      "K=v/v1\n",
-      "kisc=K**2*6*i\n",
-      "ts_tf=(1/6.0)*6**2*(f/1000.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)current=\",If,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)line current=\",kisc,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)percentage=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)voltage= 298.142397 V\n",
-        "b)current= 134.16407865 A\n",
-        "c)line current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "d)percentage= 30.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.12, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=5.0\n",
-      "per=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(ratio/3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(3.0/5)*5**2*0.01*per*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",tst_tf,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 75.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.13, Page Number:1334"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "per=3.5\n",
-      "v2=92.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=math.sqrt(2/(v/v2))\n",
-      "ts_tf=k**2*(v/v2)**2*0.01*per\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformation ratio=\",ts_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-transformation ratio= 30.4347826087 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.14, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=12.0#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i=45.0#A\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "if_=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*pf*v)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/if_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 2.244\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.15, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=60.0#A\n",
-      "n1=940.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=150.0#N-m\n",
-      "i2=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=(1000-n1)/1000\n",
-      "tst=t*(i2/i)**2*sf\n",
-      "s_i=i2/3\n",
-      "sd_tst=tst/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print\"when star/delta is used:\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",s_i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",sd_tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Starting torque= 225.0 N-m\n",
-        "when star/delta is used:\n",
-        "starting current= 100.0 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 75.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.16, Page Number:1336"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "tapping=70.7\n",
-      "ratio=6.0\n",
-      "slip=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tst_tf=(1.0/3.0)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "tst_tf2=(1.0/2)*ratio**2.0*slip*0.01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star-delta switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"auto-transformer switch:starting torque=\",tst_tf2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "star-delta switch:starting torque= 48.0 %\n",
-        "auto-transformer switch:starting torque= 72.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.17, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11.2#W\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=960.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=86.4#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*pf*math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "iph=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "tst_tf=(ist*math.sqrt(3)/il)**2*0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting torque= 26.6369577796 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.18, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(efficiency*math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "isc=i*v/v2\n",
-      "iscp=isc/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ist=iscp/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=ist/il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio= 1.23388000387\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.19, Page Number:1337"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.73*1000#W\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=4.5\n",
-      "t=250.0\n",
-      "i=650.0\n",
-      "tap=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=i/3\n",
-      "im=i/3\n",
-      "tst=t/3\n",
-      "ilm=(tap/100)**2*i\n",
-      "imk=(tap/100)*i\n",
-      "tstk=(tap/100)**2*t\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"star/delta:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",im,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"60% taps:\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ilm,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"motor current=\",imk,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tstk,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " star/delta:\n",
-        "line current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "motor current= 216.666666667 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 83.3333333333 %\n",
-        "60% taps:\n",
-        "line current= 234.0 %\n",
-        "motor current= 390.0 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.20, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=180.0\n",
-      "flt=35.0\n",
-      "tap=75.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "isc=load*3.0/100\n",
-      "isck=tap**2*isc/100\n",
-      "sf=flt*3\n",
-      "tst_tf=tap**2*sf/100\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",isck,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst_tf/100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 303.75 %\n",
-        "starting torque= 59.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.21, Page Number:1338"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=7.46#kW\n",
-      "ic=1.7\n",
-      "t=35.0\n",
-      "ratio=60.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sf=t*3/100\n",
-      "il1=ic*3\n",
-      "tst=(ratio/1000)**2*sf*10000\n",
-      "il2=(ratio/100)*3*ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"auto-starter:\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current=\",il1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage decreased to 60%\"\n",
-      "print \"line-current\",il2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "auto-starter:\n",
-        "line-current= 5.1 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n",
-        "voltage decreased to 60%\n",
-        "line-current 3.06 %\n",
-        "torque= 37.8 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.22, Page Number:1342"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slip=2.0\n",
-      "r=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=6.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "smax=r2=slip/100.0\n",
-      "R1=r2/smax\n",
-      "K=math.pow(smax,1.0/5)\n",
-      "R2=K*R1\n",
-      "R3=K*R2\n",
-      "R4=K*R3\n",
-      "R5=K*R4\n",
-      "p1=R1-R2\n",
-      "p2=R2-R3\n",
-      "p3=R3-R4\n",
-      "p4=R4-R5\n",
-      "p5=R5-r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistances of various starter sections:\"\n",
-      "print \"p1=\",p1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p2=\",p2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p3=\",p3,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p4=\",p4,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"p5=\",p5,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistances of various starter sections:\n",
-        "p1= 0.542694948073 ohm\n",
-        "p2= 0.248177141409 ohm\n",
-        "p3= 0.113492660539 ohm\n",
-        "p4= 0.0519007670213 ohm\n",
-        "p5= 0.0237344829577 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.23, Page Number:1345"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "primary=complex(1,3)\n",
-      "outer=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.6,5)\n",
-      "s=4\n",
-      "outer2=complex(3/(s*0.01),1)\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.6/(s*0.01),5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer)+(1/inner))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=4\n",
-      "z01=primary+1/((1/outer2)+(1/inner2))\n",
-      "current_per_phase=v/abs(z01)\n",
-      "torque=3*current_per_phase**2*(z01.real-1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=4: torque=\",torque,\"synch watt\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1: torque= 35065.3642462 synch watt\n",
-        "s=4: torque= 32129.9449695 synch watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.24, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inner=complex(0.4,2)\n",
-      "outer=complex(2,0.4)\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "inner2=complex(0.4/(s*0.01),2)\n",
-      "outer2=complex(2/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer)\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner.imag/outer.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zo/zi)**2\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=1:\",to_ti\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=5\n",
-      "zi=abs(inner2)\n",
-      "zo=abs(outer2)\n",
-      "print zi\n",
-      "r_ratio=inner2.imag/outer2.imag\n",
-      "to_ti=r_ratio*(zi/zo)**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of torques when s=5:\",to_ti"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=1: 5.0\n",
-        "8.24621125124\n",
-        "Ratio of torques when s=5: 0.212478752125\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.25, Page Number:1346"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=5\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05,0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5,0.1)\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.01\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.05/(s*0.01),0.4)\n",
-      "zo=complex(0.5/(s*0.01),0.1)\n",
-      "z=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "r2=z.real\n",
-      "z=abs(z)\n",
-      "i2=v/z\n",
-      "t=i2**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=5:torque=\",t,\"synch watts\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 22307.6923077 synch watts\n",
-        "s=5:torque= 9620.58966517 synch watts\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.26, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=Symbol('s')\n",
-      "z2=complex(2,1.2)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0.5,3.5)\n",
-      "#Z1=((2/s)^2+1.2^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#Z2=((0.5/s)^2+3.5^2)^0.5\n",
-      "#T1=T2\n",
-      "ans=solve([(((2**2)/(s**2))+1.2**2)-((((0.5**2)/(s**2))+3.5**2)*4)],[s])\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",round(ans[1][0]*100,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 25.1 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.27, Page Number:1347"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zo=complex(1,0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.15,3)\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "stator=complex(0.25,3.5)\n",
-      "z01=z2+stator\n",
-      "i=complex(v,0)/z01\n",
-      "i=abs(i)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z01.real\n",
-      "T=cu_loss*3/(2*math.pi*(n/60))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",T,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 135.560320318 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.28, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z1=complex(1,2.8)\n",
-      "zo=complex(3,1)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5,5)\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#s=1\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"s=1:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#s=0.04\n",
-      "zo=complex(3.0/s,1.0)\n",
-      "zi=complex(0.5/s,5.0)\n",
-      "z2=zo*zi/(zo+zi)\n",
-      "z01=z1+z2\n",
-      "i2=v/z01\n",
-      "r2=z2.real\n",
-      "t=abs(i2)**2*r2\n",
-      "print \"s=4:torque=\",t,\"synch. watt\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "s=1:torque= 12388.3258184 synch. watt\n",
-        "s=4:torque= 11489.1141244 synch. watt\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.29, Page Number:1351"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1440.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1320.0#rpm\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/4.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n1)/ns\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.6 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.30, Page Number:1348"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "s1=s\n",
-      "n1=ns*(1-s1)\n",
-      "n2=n1-10*n1/100\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "r=s2*r/s1-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.646666666667 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.31, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/6\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f_=sa*f\n",
-      "n_=(120*f_)/4\n",
-      "sb=(n_-n)/n_\n",
-      "f__=sb*f_\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resu;t\n",
-      "print \"f_=\",f_,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"f_ _=\",f__,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "f_= 20.6 Hz\n",
-        "f_ _= 1.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.32, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f2=1.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "s=f2/f\n",
-      "n=nsc-s*nsc\n",
-      "nsa=120*f/4\n",
-      "sa=(nsa-n)/nsa\n",
-      "f1=sa*f\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "sb=(n2-n)/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 60.8 %\n",
-        "sb= 3.28947368421 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.33, Page Number:1354"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=74.6#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 29.84 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 79
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 35.34, Page Number:1355"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "nsc=120*f/10\n",
-      "output=load*4/10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of set=\",nsc,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"electric power transferred=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of set= 600 rpm\n",
-        "electric power transferred= 10 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_PdPqoEJ.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_PdPqoEJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index feb75575..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_PdPqoEJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5447 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:37afbdb95d83a409c42483f9400df0ec405aafcb3f017067345a44342a88aaf2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 32: Transformer"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.1, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "phi=1.2#Wb-m2\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "a=v2/(4.44*f*n2*phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"secondary turns=\",n2\n",
-      "print \"area of core=\",round(a,2),\"m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary turns= 31.25\n",
-        "secondary turns= 375.0\n",
-        "area of core= 0.03 m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.2, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "bm=1.3#Tesla\n",
-      "sf=0.9\n",
-      "per=10#%\n",
-      "a=20*20*sf/10000#m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "n2=v2/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "e_per_turn=v1/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV TURNS=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"LV TURNS=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"EMF per turns=\",round(e_per_turn,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV TURNS= 1059.0\n",
-        "LV TURNS= 53.0\n",
-        "EMF per turns= 10.4 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.3, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=1000.0\n",
-      "a=60.0/10000.0#cm2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "e1=520.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "bm=e1/(4.44*f*n1*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak value of flux density=\",bm,\"WB/m2\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary winding=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak value of flux density= 0.975975975976 WB/m2\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary winding= 1300.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.4, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=50.0\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "e1=v/n1\n",
-      "e2=e1*n2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary and secondary currents=\",i1,\"A\", i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary emf=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWB\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary and secondary currents= 8.33333333333 A 83.3333333333 A\n",
-        "secondary emf= 300.0 V\n",
-        "flux= 27.027027027 mWB\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.5, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "load=300#kVA\n",
-      "phim=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=4.44*f*phim\n",
-      "e2=v2/1.732\n",
-      "t1=v1/e\n",
-      "t2=e2/e\n",
-      "output=load/3\n",
-      "HV=100*1000/v1\n",
-      "LV=100*1000/e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",t1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",t2\n",
-      "print \"emf per turn=\",e2\n",
-      "print \"full load HV=\",HV\n",
-      "print \"full load LV=\",LV"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 990.990990991\n",
-        "LV turns= 28.6082849593\n",
-        "emf per turn= 317.551963048\n",
-        "full load HV= 9\n",
-        "full load LV= 314.909090909\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.6, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=1200.0\n",
-      "a=80.0/10000.0#m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phim=n1/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "bm=phim/a\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak flux-density=\",bm,\"Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak flux-density= 0.563063063063 Wb\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary= 1200.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.7, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varible declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=250.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "v=1500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current an secondary current=\",i1,\"A\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)seconary emf=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)maximum flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current an secondary current= 16.6666666667 A 104.166666667 A\n",
-        "ii)seconary emf= 240.0 V\n",
-        "iii)maximum flux= 27.027027027 mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.8, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "a=20.0*20.0/10000#m2\n",
-      "phim=1.0#Wbm2\n",
-      "v1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2=v2/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "t1=t2*v1/v2\n",
-      "n1=t1/2\n",
-      "n2=t2/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 168.918918919\n",
-        "LV turns= 12.3873873874\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.9, Page Number:1126"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "p=400.0#W\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "i0=0.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=p/v1\n",
-      "imu=(i1**2-il**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw=i0*pf\n",
-      "imu2=(i0**2-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"magnetising currents=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iron loss current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"magnetising components of no load primary current=\",imu2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"working components of no-load primary current=\",iw,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "magnetising currents= 0.571788552492 A\n",
-        "iron loss current= 0.181818181818 A\n",
-        "magnetising components of no load primary current= 0.476969600708 A\n",
-        "working components of no-load primary current= 0.15 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.10, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "l=150.0#cm\n",
-      "airgap=0.1#mm\n",
-      "e1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "d=7.8#grma/cm3\n",
-      "loss=2.0#watt/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=e1/(4.44*f*n1*phim)\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "v2=k*e1\n",
-      "iron=l*5\n",
-      "air=phim*airgap/(1000*4*3.14*10**(-7))\n",
-      "bmax=iron+air\n",
-      "imu=bmax/(n1*2**0.5)\n",
-      "volume=l*a\n",
-      "im=volume*d*10\n",
-      "total_i=im*2\n",
-      "iw=total_i/(e1)\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=iw/i0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross sectional area=\",a*10000,\"cm2\"\n",
-      "print \"b)no load secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"c)no load current=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross sectional area= 225.225225225 cm2\n",
-        "b)no load secondary voltage= 240.0 V\n",
-        "c)no load current= 1.19577611723 A\n",
-        "d)power factor= 0.145353269536\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.11, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1000\n",
-      "n2=200\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=280#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i2_=i2/5\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(phi1))\n",
-      "i1=i*complex(pf,-sinphi)+i2_*complex(pf2,-sinphi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",abs(i1),\"/_\",math.degrees(phi1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 64.4918252531 /_ 36.8698976458 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.12, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=440.0#v\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "i0=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=120.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "angle=phi2-phi0\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+(2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle)))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the primary=\",i1,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the primary= 33.9022604184 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.13, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=800.0\n",
-      "n2=200.0\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i1=25.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.707\n",
-      "i2=80.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i0pf2=i1*pf2-i2_*pf\n",
-      "i0sinphi=i1*pf2-i2_*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "phi0=math.atan(i0sinphi/i0pf2)\n",
-      "i0=i0sinphi/math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load current=\",i0,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load current= 5.91703050525 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.14, Page Number:1131"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i0=complex(2,-9.8)\n",
-      "i2_=complex(42.5,-26.35)\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(i1.real/57.333)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= (44.5-36.15j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 39.0890154959 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.15, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable decaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=120.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.22#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.034#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1*k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"high voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"low voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "high voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 13.7 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 5.02 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 14.5907642021 ohm\n",
-        "low voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 0.03425 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.01255 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0364769105051 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.16, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=4400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.009#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.2#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)resistance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)reactance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)impedence=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"v)copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance=\n",
-        "primary= 7.05 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.017625 ohm\n",
-        "reactance=\n",
-        "primary= 11.2 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.028 ohm\n",
-        "impedence=\n",
-        "primary= 13.2341414531 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.0330853536327 ohm\n",
-        "copper loss= 910.382231405 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.17, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "z2=v/(i2)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z2_=z2/k**2\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)load impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"b)impedence referred to high tension side=\",z2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)the value of current referred to the high tension side=\",i2_,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)load impedence= 1.152 ohm\n",
-        "b)impedence referred to high tension side= 115.2 ohm\n",
-        "c)the value of current referred to the high tension side= 20.8333333333 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 70
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.18, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=317.0#V\n",
-      "load2=0.62#kW\n",
-      "lvload=0.48#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r1=load2*1000/i**2\n",
-      "r2=lvload*1000/i2**2\n",
-      "r2_=r2*k**2\n",
-      "x01=4*v1/(i1*100)\n",
-      "x2_=x01*r2_/(r1+r2_)\n",
-      "x1=x01-x2_\n",
-      "x2=x2_*10/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)r1=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2_=\",r2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x1=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2_=\",x2_,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)r1= 7.502 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.004823472 ohm\n",
-        "r2_= 5.808 ohm\n",
-        "ii)reactance= 48.4 ohm\n",
-        "x1= 27.28 ohm\n",
-        "x2= 0.175398981818 ohm\n",
-        "x2_= 21.12 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 76
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.19, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "k=19.5\n",
-      "r1=25.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=1.25#A\n",
-      "angle=30#degrees\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=50#V\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v2=complex(500,0)\n",
-      "i2=i2*complex(0.8,-0.6)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "e2=v2+i2*z2\n",
-      "beta=math.atan(e2.imag/e2.real)\n",
-      "e1=e2*k\n",
-      "i2_=i2/k\n",
-      "angle=beta+math.radians(90)+math.radians(angle)\n",
-      "i0=i*complex(math.cos(angle),math.sin(angle))\n",
-      "i1=-i2_+i0\n",
-      "v2=-e1+i1*complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real)-math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "power=abs(v2)*i*math.cos(math.radians(60))\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i2)**2*r02\n",
-      "output=500*abs(i2)*pf2\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+power\n",
-      "inpt=output+loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary applied voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"primary pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary applied voltage= (-11464.2126901-1349.15424294j) V\n",
-        "primary pf= 0.698572087114\n",
-        "efficiency= 86.7261056254 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 94
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.20, Page Number:1138"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=1100#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "zh=complex(0.1,0.4)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.006,0.015)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "#HV \n",
-      "r1=zh.real+zl.real*k**2\n",
-      "x1=zh.imag+zl.imag*k**2\n",
-      "z1=(r1**2+x1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#LV\n",
-      "r2=r1/k**2\n",
-      "x2=x1/k**2\n",
-      "z2=z1/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"LV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.25 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.775 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.814324873745 ohm\n",
-        "LV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.01 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.031 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0325729949498 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.21, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230#V\n",
-      "v2=460#V\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.75#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.8#ohm\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x02=x2+k**2*x1\n",
-      "vd=i*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "vt2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",vt2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 424.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.22, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.0#%\n",
-      "x=5.0#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "mu=r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "mu2=r**2+x*0\n",
-      "mu3=r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lag:\",mu,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1:\",mu2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lead:\",mu3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lag: 3.8 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=1: 1.0 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lead: -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 98
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.23, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "regn=r*cosphi+x*sinphi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.59016994375 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4472135955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.24, Page Number:1142"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "load1=500#KVA\n",
-      "load2=400#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kw=load2*pf\n",
-      "kvar=load2*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "drop=(r*kw/load1)+(x*kvar/load1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage voltage drop=\",drop,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage voltage drop= 4.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.25, Page Number:1144"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.286#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.319#ohm\n",
-      "ro=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "xo=1250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2_=complex(r2_,x2_)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.387,0.29)\n",
-      "ym=complex(0.004,-0.0008)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "zl_=zl/(k**2)\n",
-      "zm=1/ym\n",
-      "x=zm+zl_+z2_\n",
-      "i1=v1/(z1+(zm*(z2_+zl_))/(zm+z2_+zl_))\n",
-      "i2_=i1*zm/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "io=i1*(z2_+zl_)/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "pf=i1.real/abs(i1)\n",
-      "pi=v1*abs(i1)*pf/1000\n",
-      "po=abs(i2_)**2*zl_.real/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i1)**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_loss2=abs(i2_)**2*r2_\n",
-      "core_loss=io.real**2*240\n",
-      "e=po*100/pi\n",
-      "v2_=i2_*zl_\n",
-      "reg=(v1-v2_.real)*100/v2_.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power input=\",round(pi.real,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output=\",round(po,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Primary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Secondary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss2),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e.real,2),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",round(reg.real),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power input= 104.6 kW\n",
-        "Power output= 82.5 kW\n",
-        "Primary Cu loss= 854.0 W\n",
-        "Secondary Cu loss= 680.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 78.91 %\n",
-        "Regulation= 3.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.26, Page Number:1145"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=600#V\n",
-      "v2=1080#V\n",
-      "v=720#V\n",
-      "load=8#W\n",
-      "load2=10#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ir2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "il2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ir2_=ir2*v2/v1\n",
-      "il2_=il2*v/v1\n",
-      "ir2=math.sqrt(ir2_**2+il2_**2)\n",
-      "s=complex(load,load2)\n",
-      "s=abs(s)\n",
-      "pf=load/s\n",
-      "i=s*load2*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 21.3437474581 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.624695047554\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "i=0.5#A\n",
-      "p=30#W\n",
-      "r=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=v/v1\n",
-      "pf=p/(i*v)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sqrt(1-pf**2)\n",
-      "ip=i*sinphi\n",
-      "iw=i*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*r\n",
-      "iron_loss=p-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)turns ratio=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"ii)magnetising component of no-load current=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)working component of no-load current=\",iw,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)the iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)turns ratio= 2\n",
-        "ii)magnetising component of no-load current= 0.481045692921 A\n",
-        "iii)working component of no-load current= 0.136363636364 A\n",
-        "iv)the iron loss= 29.85 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 104
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=2000.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.2#A\n",
-      "po=90.0#W\n",
-      "vs=50.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=5.0#A\n",
-      "ps=110.0#W\n",
-      "p=3.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r0=v**2/po\n",
-      "ia0=v/r0\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(io**2-ia0**2)\n",
-      "xm=v/ip\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ps/25\n",
-      "x=math.sqrt(z**2-r**2)\n",
-      "r1=r*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "x1=x*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "i_lv1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i_lv=(p*1000/pf)/v\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "reg=i_lv*(r1*pf+x1*sinphi)/v\n",
-      "vt=v2-reg*1000/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"LV crrent at rated load=\",i_lv1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf\",i_lv,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"output secondary voltage=\",vt,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "LV crrent at rated load= 25.0 A\n",
-        "LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf 18.75 A\n",
-        "output secondary voltage= 999.832975251 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 3.34049498886 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.29, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "loss1=52.0#W\n",
-      "f1=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss2=90.0#W\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(loss1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(loss2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 45.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 25.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.30, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "m=10#kg\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f1=25.0\n",
-      "f2=40.0\n",
-      "f3=50.0\n",
-      "f4=60.0\n",
-      "f5=80.0\n",
-      "l1=18.5/f1\n",
-      "l2=36.0/f2\n",
-      "l3=50.0/f3\n",
-      "l4=66.0/f4\n",
-      "l5=104.0/f5\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([l1/f1-(A+f1*B),l2/f2-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "eddy_loss_per_kg=ans[B]*f**2/m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz=\",eddy_loss_per_kg,\"W\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "F=[f1,f2,f3,f4,f5]\n",
-      "L=[l1,l2,l3,l4,l5]\n",
-      "plt.plot(F,L)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"f -->\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Wi/f\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,100))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0.74,2))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz= -0.118333333333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      },
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458da10>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.31, Page Number:1148"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "v1=440#V\n",
-      "f1=50#Hz\n",
-      "p1=2500#W\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f2=25#Hz\n",
-      "p2=850#z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(p1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(p2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 900.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 1600.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.32, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f1=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "core=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=650.0#W\n",
-      "we=350.0#W\n",
-      "v2=2000.0#V\n",
-      "f2=100.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=wh/f1\n",
-      "b=we/f1**2\n",
-      "wh=a*f2\n",
-      "we=b*f2**2\n",
-      "new_core=wh+we\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new core loss=\",new_core,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " new core loss= 2700.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.33, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=1.4#Wb/m2\n",
-      "we=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=3000.0#W\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wh1=wh*1.1**1.6\n",
-      "we1=we*1.1**2\n",
-      "wh2=wh*0.9**(-0.6)\n",
-      "wh3=wh*1.1**1.6*1.1**(-0.6)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%=\",wh1,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%=\",wh2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%=\",wh3,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%= 3494.21441464 W and 1210.0 W\n",
-        "b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%= 3195.77171838 W\n",
-        "c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%= 3300.0 W and 1210.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 119
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.34, Page Number:1150"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "wh=600.0#W\n",
-      "we=loss-wh\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "a=wh/f\n",
-      "b=we/f**2\n",
-      "core_loss=a*f2+b*f2**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core loss at 60 Hz=\",core_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core loss at 60 Hz= 1350.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.35, Page Number:1151"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KvA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x01=34.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary voltage=\",vsc,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary voltage= 199.519931911 V\n",
-        "pf= 0.523468222173\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.36, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.7#A\n",
-      "po=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#v\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ps=85.0#W\n",
-      "load=5.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cosphi0=po/(vo*io)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi0))\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=io*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "r02=ps/i_s**2\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load/pf\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/v2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "print z02\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "1.5\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 377.788243349 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.37, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "k=1.0/6\n",
-      "r1=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "vsc=330.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=vsc/z01\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "cosphisc=i1**2*r01/(vsc*i1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in low voltage winding=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(cosphisc,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in low voltage winding= 200.396236149 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.38, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "r0=1500.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=750.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(iw**2+imu**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pi=v1*iw\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "power=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"reading of instruments=\",vsc,\"V,\",i1,\"A,\",power,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "reading of instruments= 46.8187996429 V, 20.0 A, 880.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 140
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.39, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per1=98.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "per2=98.8#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculaions\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output*100/per2\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "inpt_half=(load/2)*pf*100/per1\n",
-      "loss2=inpt_half-400\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss,(x/4)+y-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "kva=load*(ans[y]/ans[x])*0.5\n",
-      "output=kva*1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]\n",
-      "total_loss=2*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load copper loss= 4.07324441521606 kW\n",
-        "maximum efficiency= 0.968720013059872 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.40, Page Number:1154"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#v\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x01=0.37#ohm\n",
-      "r0=600.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=300.0#ohm\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tantheta=iw/imu\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(tantheta)\n",
-      "theta0=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "angle=theta0-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle))**0.5\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=x01*k**2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current= 20.6693546639 A\n",
-        "ii)secondary terminal voltage= 386.32 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 149
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.43, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=80.0\n",
-      "r1=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=1.1#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=complex(r01,x01)\n",
-      "z02=k**2*z01\n",
-      "v2=k*v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(z02.real*pf-z02.imag*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=vd*100/v2\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent impedence= (0.022+0.079j) ohm\n",
-        "ii)voltage regulation= -1.53925619835 %\n",
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 446.772727273 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.44, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=450.0#V\n",
-      "vb=120.0#V\n",
-      "v1=120.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=80.0#W\n",
-      "v2=9.65#V\n",
-      "i2=22.2#A\n",
-      "w2=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=vb/va\n",
-      "i0=i1*k\n",
-      "cosphi0=w1/(va*i0)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(cosphi0)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "iw=i0*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=i0*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=va/iw\n",
-      "x0=va/imu\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=vb/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "iron_loss=w1\n",
-      "cu_loss=(0.5**2)*w2\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf/2\n",
-      "efficiency2=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent circuit constants=\"\n",
-      "print \"z01=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r01=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8=\",efficiency*100,\"%\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent circuit constants=\n",
-        "z01= 0.434684684685 ohm\n",
-        "x01= 0.360090249002 ohm\n",
-        "r01= 0.243486729973 ohm\n",
-        "ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8= 97.5609756098 % 2.02885695496 %\n",
-        "iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8= 97.3236009732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.45, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=2200.0#V\n",
-      "vb=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=220.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=148.0#W\n",
-      "v2=86.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.5#A\n",
-      "w2=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(pf,1),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 2.94177963326 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 172
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.46, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "v=60.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "w=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v_=400.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v/i\n",
-      "r01=w/i**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage applied to hv side=\",v1+vd,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage applied to hv side= 2065.90767043 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 182
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.47, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=12.0#A\n",
-      "ws=100.0#W\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.0#A\n",
-      "wo=80.0#W\n",
-      "i2=10#A\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "pg=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cosphi0=wo/(vo*io)\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=(1-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "r02=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x02/k**2\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=wo\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=i2*v2*pf/(i2*v2*pf+total_loss)\n",
-      "v1_=((vo*pf+x01)**2+(vo*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"applied voltage=\",v1_,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "applied voltage= 251.442641983 V\n",
-        "efficiency= 96.3984469139 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.48, Page Number:1160"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=3.0#kVA\n",
-      "vo=230.0#V\n",
-      "io=2.0#A\n",
-      "wo=100.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=13.0#A\n",
-      "ws=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ws\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ws/(vs**2)\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.90121149256 %\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 194
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.49, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94\n",
-      "per=0.90\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=per*load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "core_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "pc=core_loss/per**2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=pc\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.5728354534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 196
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.50, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.96#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.0396#ohm\n",
-      "x1=15.8#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.158#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "r=r2+r1*(v2/v1)**2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "v1_=v2+i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(r/x)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)HV side voltage necessary=\",v1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)pf=\",round(pf,2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)HV side voltage necessary= 2409.9826087 V\n",
-        "b)pf= 0.97\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 199
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.51, Page Number:1162"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#v\n",
-      "r1=3.4#ohm\n",
-      "x1=7.2#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.028#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.060#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r=r1*(v2/v1)**2+r2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "ad=i*r*pf\n",
-      "dc=i*x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "oc=v2+ad+dc\n",
-      "bd=i*r*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "b_f=x*pf\n",
-      "cf=b_f-bd\n",
-      "v1_=(oc**2+cf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage on hv side=\",v1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage on hv side= 2229.28500444 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.52, Page Number:1163"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.7#A\n",
-      "w1=65.0#W\n",
-      "v=15.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "w2=75.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.80\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "ih=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2\n",
-      "constant_loss=w1\n",
-      "z=v/i2\n",
-      "r=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=load*100000/(load*1000+cu_loss+constant_loss)\n",
-      "regn=i2*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load regulation=\",regn,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.6183574879 %\n",
-        "full load regulation= 13.7942286341 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 209
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.53, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x=(z**2-cu_loss**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r01=cu_loss*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x01=x*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "z01=z*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "isc=i1*100/z\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"%x=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"primary sc current=\",isc,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "%x= 3.5721142199 %\n",
-        "resistance= 3.9204 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 7.78006477094 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 8.712 ohm\n",
-        "primary sc current= 378.787878788 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.54, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=220.0#V\n",
-      "i_o=4.2#A\n",
-      "wo=148.0#W\n",
-      "vs=86.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.5#A\n",
-      "ws=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "z10=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x01=(z10**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "v1_=((v1*pf+i1*r01)**2+(v1*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn1=(v1_-v1)/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "cu_loss_half=(i1/2)**2*r01\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000*pf*100/(load*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "efficiency_half=(load/2)*1000*pf*100/((load/2)*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "print v1_                                  \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)core loss=\",wo,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)equivalent resistance primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)equivalent resistance secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"d)equivalent reactance primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"e)equivalent reactance secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"f)regulation=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"g)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"h)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency_half,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "2265.01840886\n",
-        "a)core loss= 148.0 W\n",
-        "b)equivalent resistance primary= 3.26530612245 ohm\n",
-        "c)equivalent resistance secondary= 0.0326530612245 ohm\n",
-        "d)equivalent reactance primary= 7.51143635755 ohm\n",
-        "e)equivalent reactance secondary= 0.0751143635755 ohm\n",
-        "f)regulation= 2.95538222101 %\n",
-        "g)efficiency at full load= 97.4548448466 %\n",
-        "h)efficiency at half load= 95.0360304208 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 222
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.55, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=1.0/100\n",
-      "ex=5.0/100\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn2=er*1\n",
-      "regn3=er*pf-ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation with pf=1=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag= 3.8 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation with pf=1= 1.0 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead= -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.56, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per=0.97\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "zper=0.10\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*1\n",
-      "x=0.75\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(output*(1/per-1))\n",
-      "pc=pi/x**2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r=pc*1000/i1**2\n",
-      "er=i1*r/v1\n",
-      "ez=zper\n",
-      "ex=(ez**2-er**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 7.52529846012 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.57, Page Number:1166"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5#%\n",
-      "xdrop=3.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pur=cu_loss/100\n",
-      "pux=xdrop/100\n",
-      "regn2=pur*pf+pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn1=pur*1\n",
-      "regn3=pur*pf-pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation at unity pf=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation at 0.8 lag=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation at 0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation at unity pf= 1.5 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation at 0.8 lag= 3.3 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation at 0.8 lead= -0.9 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.58, Page Number:1168"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#KVA\n",
-      "w1=5.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=7.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "loss=total_loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*w2/2\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+2.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.0186963113 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.59, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "w1=350.0#W\n",
-      "w2=400.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+w1\n",
-      "efficiency2=(load*1000/2)/((load*1000/2)+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency at full load= 97.0873786408 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 232
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.60, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=efficiency**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of P1 and P2=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of P1 and P2= 0.5625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.61, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load1=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=1.4#kW\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.6#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "load=load1*(cu_loss/loss)**0.5\n",
-      "total_loss=loss*2\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=cu_loss*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=total_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output2=(load/2)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency2=output2/(output2+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load for max efficiency=\",load1,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"max efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load for max efficiency= 150.0 kVA\n",
-        "max efficiency= 98.283858876 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 95.2481856352 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 237
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.62, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=40#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=112#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "def e(k):\n",
-      "    e=k*pf*1000*100/(k*pf*1000+(cu_loss*(k/5)**2+40))\n",
-      "    return(e)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "e1=e(1.25)\n",
-      "e2=e(2.5)\n",
-      "e3=e(3.75)\n",
-      "e4=e(5.0)\n",
-      "e5=e(6.25)\n",
-      "e6=e(7.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=[1.25,2.5,3.75,5.0,6.25,7.5]\n",
-      "E=[e1,e2,e3,e4,e5,e6]\n",
-      "plt.plot(K,E)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"load,kVA\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Efficiency\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,8))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((92,98))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458d610>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.63, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "x=loss*1000/(1+9.0/16)\n",
-      "y=(9.0/16)*x\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*(1.0/2)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+y\n",
-      "output=load*pf*0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at hald load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at hald load= 97.9216626699 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.64, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*pf*1000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary resistance= 0.02 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 97.7284199899 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.65, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x01=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i2=1000*load*ratio/v2\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output*1000+total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/(inpt)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 2.4 w\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.8660287081 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.66, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=324.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=4*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*pf/(load*pf+cu_loss/1000+loss/1000)\n",
-      "per=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)percent of full-load=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency= 95.6708921311 %\n",
-        "ii)percent of full-load= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.67, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.8#A\n",
-      "wo=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ws=60.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "loss=ws+wo\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss/1000)\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r02=ws/i2**2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "load=load*(wo/ws)**0.5\n",
-      "load=load*1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"load at unity pf=\",load,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.0960960961 %\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 383.752729583 V\n",
-        "current= 20.0 A\n",
-        "load at unity pf= 4.32049379894 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.68, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "Wi=Symbol('Wi')\n",
-      "Wcu=Symbol('Wcu')\n",
-      "P=600.0#kVA\n",
-      "e=0.92#efficiency\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "x=0.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([(e*(1*P*1+Wi+1**2*Wcu))-(1*P*1),(e*(0.5*P*1+Wi+0.5*0.5*Wcu))-(0.5*P*1)],[Wi,Wcu])\n",
-      "e2=(x*P*pf*100)/((x*P*pf)+ans[Wi]+(x**2*ans[Wcu]))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 90.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.69, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=600.0#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "per=0.60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss1=inpt-load\n",
-      "inpt2=load/(2*efficiency)\n",
-      "loss2=inpt2-load/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss1,x+y/4-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]*0.36\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+ans[x]\n",
-      "output=load*per\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "389.913043478261\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.3282783229260 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.70, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "e1=0.98\n",
-      "e2=0.80\n",
-      "pf=8\n",
-      "z=0.05\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf1*e2\n",
-      "inpt=output/e1\n",
-      "loss=-output+inpt\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss_full=cu_loss/pf1**2\n",
-      "r=round(cu_loss_full*100/load)\n",
-      "sin=math.sin(math.acos(pf1))\n",
-      "regn=(r*pf1+5*sin)+(1.0/200)*(5*pf1-r*sin)**2\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 3.8578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.71, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=5000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=25.0#Hz\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5\n",
-      "we=0.5\n",
-      "wh=0.6\n",
-      "v2=10000.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss1=cu_loss*load/100\n",
-      "we1=we*load/100\n",
-      "wh1=wh*load/100\n",
-      "cu_loss2=cu_loss1\n",
-      "we2=(we1*(50.0/25.0)**2)\n",
-      "wh2=(wh1*(50.0/25))\n",
-      "e1=load*100/(load+cu_loss1+we1+wh1)\n",
-      "e2=load*2*100/(load*2+cu_loss2+we2+wh2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in first case=\",e1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in second case=\",e2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "20.47 0.06 0.05\n",
-        "full load efficiency in first case= 97.4658869396 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency in second case= 97.7039570103 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.72, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=300#KVA\n",
-      "r=1.5#%\n",
-      "load1=173.2#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*load*1000/100\n",
-      "iron_loss=(load1/load)**2*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(load*pf)*100/((load*pf)+(total_loss/1000))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.5610105096 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.73, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "a=0.04#m2\n",
-      "l=2.5#m\n",
-      "bm=1200\n",
-      "inpt=1200#W\n",
-      "pi=400#W\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "f2=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "n2=k*n1\n",
-      "i=1989/n1\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*inpt\n",
-      "total_loss=pi+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)n1=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"  n2=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"b)magnetising current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.00643416423287\n",
-        "a)n1= 216.0\n",
-        "  n2= 22.0\n",
-        "b)magnetising current= 9.21512347826 A\n",
-        "c)efficiency= 98.2398690135 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.74, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.8\n",
-      "x=5.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pf=r/x\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(pf)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "regn=r*math.cos(phi2)+x*math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "efficiency=100/(100+r*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)phi=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"b)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)phi= 18.4349488229 degrees\n",
-        "  ii)regulation= 5.6920997883 %\n",
-        "b)efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.75, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=3.0#A\n",
-      "wo=200.0#W\n",
-      "vsc=15.0#V\n",
-      "isc=30.0#A\n",
-      "wsc=300.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=(i/isc)**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wo)\n",
-      "z=vsc/isc\n",
-      "r=wsc/isc**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(i/v2)*(r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*v2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n",
-        "regulation= 1.72239475667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.76, Page Number:1177"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=400.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "x=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load*x*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+load*2/100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.2493723732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.77, Page Number:1178"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "v2=250#V\n",
-      "vsc=60#V\n",
-      "isc=20#A\n",
-      "wsc=150#W\n",
-      "per=1.2\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=per**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=per*load*1.0\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss*2/1000)\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "e2=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wsc)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n",
-        "full-load efficiency= 95.6251494143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.78, Page Number:1181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "cu_loss=4.5#kW\n",
-      "iron_loss=3.5#kW\n",
-      "t1=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "load1_=400.0#kW\n",
-      "load2_=300.0#kW\n",
-      "load3_=100.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.75\n",
-      "pf3=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load1=load1_/pf1\n",
-      "load2=load2_/pf2\n",
-      "load3=load3_/pf3\n",
-      "wc1=cu_loss\n",
-      "wc2=cu_loss*(load2/load1)**2\n",
-      "wc3=cu_loss*(load3/load1)**2\n",
-      "twc=(t1*wc1)+(t2*wc2)+(t3*wc3)+(t4*0)\n",
-      "iron_loss=24*iron_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=twc+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(t1*load1_)+(t2*load2_)+(t3*load3_)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 86
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.79, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=3.0#kW\n",
-      "tf=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*24/2\n",
-      "wcf=loss*tf/2\n",
-      "wch=loss/8\n",
-      "wch=wch*4\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+wch+wcf\n",
-      "output=load*tf+load*th/2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.2509225092 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.80, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "tf=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t10=14.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#1st transformer\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "tloss=inpt-load\n",
-      "y=tloss/2\n",
-      "x=y\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*tf+th*(x/2**2)+t10*(x/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=tf*load+th*load/2+t10*10\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "#2nd transformer\n",
-      "y=tloss/(1+1.0/4)\n",
-      "x=(tloss-y)\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "wc=tf*y+th*(y/2**2)+t10*(y/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+wc\n",
-      "e2=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency of forst transformer=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency ofsecond transformer=\",e2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.408163265306 1.63265306122\n",
-        "efficiency of forst transformer= 96.5245532574 %\n",
-        "efficiency ofsecond transformer= 97.7876610788 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.81, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "nl=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "ql=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "hl=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "fl=2.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-load\n",
-      "wc_fl=loss/2\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "wc_fl_4=(1.0/4)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=(1.0/2)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_ql=ql*wc_fl_4\n",
-      "wc_hl=hl*wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=fl*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc=wc_ql+wc_hl+wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wh=wc\n",
-      "loss=wh+24*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "half_output=(output/2)\n",
-      "q_load=(load/4)\n",
-      "output=ql*q_load+hl*half_output+fl*output\n",
-      "e=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 89.5592740985 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.82, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "load=15#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "pf1=0.5\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "k1=2#kW\n",
-      "k2=12#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "wc=loss/2\n",
-      "wi=loss/2\n",
-      "w1=k1/pf1\n",
-      "w2=k2/pf2\n",
-      "wc1=wc*(4/load)\n",
-      "wc2=wc\n",
-      "wc12=t1*wc1\n",
-      "wc6=t2*wc2\n",
-      "wc=(wc12+wc6)\n",
-      "wi=24*wi\n",
-      "output=(k1*t1)+(t2*k2)\n",
-      "inpt=output+wc+wi\n",
-      "e=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.918367346939 3.67346938776\n",
-        "efficiency= 95.4351795496 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.83, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "l1_=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "t=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "loss=1.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "l1=l1_/2\n",
-      "l2=l1_\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "loss=loss*2\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "wc1=t*(1.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc2=8*(2.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc=wc1+wc2\n",
-      "wi=24*1\n",
-      "loss=wc+wi\n",
-      "output=3*(l1*1)+8*(l2*1)\n",
-      "e2=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ordinary efficiency=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"all day efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ordinary efficiency= 98.6842105263 %\n",
-        "all day efficiency= 97.1480513578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.84, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94#%\n",
-      "nl=10\n",
-      "hl=5.0\n",
-      "ql=6.0\n",
-      "fl=3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(load*1000)*(1-efficiency)/efficiency\n",
-      "wch=(0.5)**2*pi\n",
-      "eh=wch*hl/1000\n",
-      "wcq=(0.25)**2*pi\n",
-      "eq=ql*wcq/1000\n",
-      "e3=pi*3/1000\n",
-      "e2=pi*24/1000\n",
-      "e=25*hl+12.5*ql+50*fl\n",
-      "efficiency=e/(e+e2+eh+eq+e3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.4557217274 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.85, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=8.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "k1=3.0#kW\n",
-      "k2=8.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.6\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x1=k1/(pf1*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=load/(1*load)\n",
-      "pc1=(0.5)**2*0.1\n",
-      "pc2=pc3=0.10\n",
-      "o1=k1*t1\n",
-      "o2=k2*t2\n",
-      "o3=k2*load\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "wc1=pc1*t1\n",
-      "wc2=pc2*t2\n",
-      "wc3=pc3*t3\n",
-      "cu_loss=wc1+wc2+wc3\n",
-      "loss=400.0*24/10000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficency= 98.27465179 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.86, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=.98\n",
-      "load=15.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0\n",
-      "t2=6.0\n",
-      "t3=6.0\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "k1=2.0\n",
-      "k2=12.0\n",
-      "k3=18.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "x1=k1/(0.5*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=k3/(pf3*load)\n",
-      "wc1=0.131\n",
-      "wc2=0.918\n",
-      "wc3=1.632\n",
-      "o1=t1*k1\n",
-      "o2=t2*k2\n",
-      "o3=t3*k3\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "loss=wc1+wc2+wc3+0.153*24\n",
-      "efficiency=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.9798386522 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.87, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=115.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "power=load*(1-k)\n",
-      "power2=k*load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)power transferred inductively=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"b)power transferred conductively=\",power2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)power transferred inductively= 1.5 kW\n",
-        "b)power transferred conductively= 1.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 145
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.88, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i1=k*i\n",
-      "saving=k*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"economy of cu=\",saving"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "economy of cu= 80.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 147
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.89, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=6600.0#V\n",
-      "v2=5000.0#V\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "phim1=1.3#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phim=e/(4.44*f)\n",
-      "area=phim/phim1\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core area=\",area*10000,\"m2\"\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the hv side=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the lv side=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core area= 277.2002772 m2\n",
-        "number of turns on the hv side= 825.0\n",
-        "number of turns on the lv side= 625.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.90, Page Number:1189"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2640*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i1_-i2\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 219.12 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 1095.6 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 91.3 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.91, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2160*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i2-i1_\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 179.28 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 896.4 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 74.7 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 160
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.92, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "iron_loss=50.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=load*1000/efficiency-load*1000-iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000/(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)\n",
-      "i2=(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"current drawn on hv side=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.9760216579 %\n",
-        "current drawn on hv side= 23.1967703349 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.93, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500#V\n",
-      "v2=2300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva=(v1+v2)*50*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage output=\",v1+v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating of auto transformer=\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage output= 13800 V\n",
-        "kVA rating of auto transformer= 690.0 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.94, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=2300.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#KVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*100/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*100/v2\n",
-      "kva1=(v1+v2)*i1/(100)\n",
-      "kva2=(v1+v2)*i2/(100)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage ratios=\",(v1+v2)/v1,\"or\",(v1+v2)/v2\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in first case=\",kva1\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in second case=\",kva2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage ratios= 1.2 or 6.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in first case= 120.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in second case= 600.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 167
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.95, Page Number:1192"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#v\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "output=2640*i2\n",
-      "i=i2*2640/v1\n",
-      "k=2640/v1\n",
-      "poweri=v1*i1*0.001\n",
-      "power=output/1000-poweri\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rating of the auto-transformer=\",output/1000,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"inductively transferred powers=\",poweri,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"conductively transferred powers=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rating of the auto-transformer= 550.0 kVA\n",
-        "inductively transferred powers= 50.0 kW\n",
-        "conductively transferred powers= 500.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 169
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.96, Page Number:1196"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "za=complex(0.5,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.,10)\n",
-      "load=100#KW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa)*math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb)*math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "96.082805253\n",
-        "SA= 74.5937961595 kW\n",
-        "SB= 25.4062038405 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.97, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r1=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "zb=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.degrees((-1)*math.acos(pf))*math.degrees(math.atan((za/zb).imag/(za/zb).real)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load of B=\",abs(za/zb)\n",
-      "print \"pf of B=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load of B= 1.21872643265\n",
-        "pf of B= 0.613584256393\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.98, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.2,4.8)\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(-pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 224.451917244 -39.3923099293\n",
-        "SB= 275.942423833 -34.8183886694\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 205
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.99, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "r1=0.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "r2=0.75\n",
-      "x2=4.0\n",
-      "load1=180.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=load1/pf\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "s1=s*z2/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "s2=s*z1/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "kw1=abs(s1)*math.cos(math.atan(s1.imag/s1.real))\n",
-      "kw2=abs(s2)*math.cos(math.atan(s2.imag/s2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW1=\",kw1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"kW2=\",kw2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "(1.25+12j)\n",
-        "kW1= 58.119626171 kW\n",
-        "kW2= 121.880373829 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.100, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(0.85,-0.527)\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA for A=\",abs(sa),math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA for B=\",abs(sb),math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA for A= 130.53263665 0.819364787986 lag\n",
-        "kVA for B= 105.238776124 0.884143252833 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.101, Page Number:1198"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "load=125.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(0.9,10)\n",
-      "zb=(100/50)*complex(1.0,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 63.0780848499 -39.929442891 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 62.1031510961 -33.7622749748 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 218
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.102, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "load2=250#kVA\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zb=(500/load2)*zb\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 471.125736359 -40.3232138964 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 281.165527855 -31.0771011508 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 219
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.103, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=1000#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.5,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=i*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ratio=zb/za\n",
-      "ib=i/(1+ratio)\n",
-      "ia=i-ib\n",
-      "ratio=ia.real/ib.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",ia\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",ib\n",
-      "print \"ratio of output=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= (504.451038576-341.246290801j)\n",
-        "IB= (295.548961424-258.753709199j)\n",
-        "ratio of output= 1.70682730924\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 220
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.104, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1.0,5.0)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.0,2.0)\n",
-      "load1=300.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(100.0/250)*zb\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "zab=za*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "drop=zab.real*240/100+zab.imag*180/100\n",
-      "v2=v2-v2*drop/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 55.8895719399 -64.6284382469 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 251.890896741 -30.9383707209 degrees\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 486.177874187 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.105, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n11=5000.0\n",
-      "n12=440.0\n",
-      "load1=200#kVA\n",
-      "n21=5000.0\n",
-      "n22=480.0\n",
-      "load2=350#kVA\n",
-      "x=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=load1*1000/n12\n",
-      "i2=load2*1000/n22\n",
-      "x1=x*n12/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x2=x*n22/(100*i2)\n",
-      "ic=(n22-n12)/0.057\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load circulation current=\",ic/i1,\"times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load circulation current= 1.54385964912 times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.106, Page Number:1203"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "ea=6600#V\n",
-      "eb=6400#V\n",
-      "za=complex(0.3,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.2,1)\n",
-      "zl=complex(8.0,6.0)\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",abs(ia),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",abs(ib),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 195.492387533 A\n",
-        "IB= 422.567795916 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 227
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.107, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "load2=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=950.0#V\n",
-      "r1=2.0\n",
-      "r2=2.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "x2=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/v1\n",
-      "ra=v1*r1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=v1*x1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/v2\n",
-      "rb=v2*r2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=v2*x2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "z=((ra+rb)**2+(xa+xb)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/z\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan((xa+xb)/(ra+rb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load circulating current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load circulating current= 25.0948635944 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.108, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=1000.0#KVA\n",
-      "load2=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=510.0#V\n",
-      "z1=3.0\n",
-      "z2=5.0\n",
-      "r=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/480\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/480\n",
-      "za=z1*v1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "zb=z2*v2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "ic=(v2-v1)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"cross current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "cross current= 315.656565657 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.109, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "loada=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "loadb=250.0#kVA\n",
-      "load=750.0#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=405.0#V\n",
-      "v2=415.0#V\n",
-      "ra=1.0\n",
-      "rb=1.5\n",
-      "xa=5.0\n",
-      "xb=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=loada*1000/400\n",
-      "ra=400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=xa*400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=loadb*1000/400\n",
-      "rb=rb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=xb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "za=complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "zl=400**2*0.001/load*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "ia=(v1*zb+(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(v2*za-(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "sa=400*ia/1000\n",
-      "sb=400*ib/1000\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real))\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross current=\",-abs(ic),math.degrees(math.atan(ic.imag/ic.real))\n",
-      "print \"b)SA=\",abs(sa),pf1,\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"  SB=\",abs(sb),pf2,\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross current= -229.754569404 -72.8972710309\n",
-        "b)SA= 387.844943528 0.820048560714 lag\n",
-        "  SB= 351.964386212 0.738709225528 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.110, Page Number:1205"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zl=complex(2.0,1.5)\n",
-      "za=complex(0.15,0.5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.1,0.6)\n",
-      "ea=207#V\n",
-      "eb=205#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2_=(ia+ib)*zl\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ia.imag/ia.real)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ib.imag/ib.real)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "pa=abs(v2_)*abs(ia)*pfa\n",
-      "pb=abs(v2_)*abs(ib)*pfb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pa,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pb,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pfa\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pfb\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output:\n",
-        " A: 6535.37583042 W\n",
-        " B: 4925.36941503 W\n",
-        "power factor:\n",
-        " A: 0.818428780129\n",
-        " B: 0.775705655277\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 248
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.111, Page Number:1206"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "ib=600.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rb=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "xa=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "xb=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "ea=245.0#V\n",
-      "eb=240.0#V\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.25,0.1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=(ea/ia)*complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=(eb/ib)*complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "i=(ea*zb+eb*za)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2=i*zl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(abs(v2)),round(math.degrees(math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real))),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 230.0 -3.0 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_QritHDf.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_QritHDf.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ce13ea95..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_QritHDf.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:072a977ff7e7f41108f647b699866e16f58bf91b148a03cefc5a07bc1eeda05b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 30:Speed Control of D.C. Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.1, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "n=250#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "ra=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "ia2=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 320.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.2, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 828.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=80.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "r1=(n2*eb1*v)/(n*eb2*ish1)\n",
-      "r=r1-rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/r1\n",
-      "torque_ratio=ish2*ia2/(ish1*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torque=\",torque_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 68.9506880734 ohm\n",
-        "ratio of torque= 1.25411235955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/(rf+r)\n",
-      "ia2=ia*1/ish2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ish2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"new armature current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 2939.0 rpm\n",
-        "new armature current= 40.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.5, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rt=Symbol('rt')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=solve(((n2*eb1*(v/rt))/(n*(v-(ia*ra/(v/rt)))))-1,rt)\n",
-      "r=rt[0]-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 88.3128987990058 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.6, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=1+0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "x=solve((ratio*eb1/((v-ia*ra*x)*x))-1,x)\n",
-      "per=1-1/x[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"main flux has to be reduced by=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "main flux has to be reduced by= 37.2991677469778 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.7, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=10#kW\n",
-      "i=41#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rw=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio1=1-0.50\n",
-      "n=2500\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ratio1*ia1/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*(ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"motor speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 26.0 A\n",
-        "motor speed= 2987.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.8, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "n=850#rpm\n",
-      "ia=72.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "n2=1650#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=40#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ratio=(n*eb2)/(n2*eb1)\n",
-      "per=1-ratio\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 46.5636857585 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.9, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ia2=solve((((v-ra*ia2)*ia2)/(eb1*ratio*ia))-1,ia2)\n",
-      "per=ia/ia2[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mail flux should be reduced by=\",round(per,4)*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mail flux should be reduced by= 62.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.10, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=ratio*(v-ia*ra)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in the series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in the series= 5.25 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.11, Page Number:1036"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-i_f)*ra\n",
-      "kpsi=eb0/1000\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n1=eb1/kpsi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n1,1),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 966.2 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.12, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "i2=20#A\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb/n\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/(ia)-ra\n",
-      "eb3=v-i2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 1.15 ohm\n",
-        "speed= 922.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.13, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.48#kW\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=990#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2#A\n",
-      "n2=450#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "losses=input_p-load*1000\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "loss_nl=losses-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "eb1=v-20-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb1/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "total_loss=ia**2*(r+ra)+loss+loss_nl\n",
-      "output=input_p-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor input=\",input_p/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor input= 8.5 kW\n",
-        "armature current= 36.6363636364 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.93403113016 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 41.6691237902 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.14, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb1=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=990.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in series= 4.55353535354 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 83
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.15, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k2=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "rf1=v/if1\n",
-      "rf2=v/if2\n",
-      "r=rf2-rf1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 100.0 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.16, Page Number:1039"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=22.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k1=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "if2=n2*ia/n\n",
-      "ia2=solve(v-ra*ia2-(k1*ia*if1*n2)/ia2,ia2)\n",
-      "if2=ia*if1/ia2[0]\n",
-      "r=v/if2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new field resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new field resistance to be added= 306.828780053869 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.17, Page Number:1040"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "output=25#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-if1\n",
-      "il=ratio*ia\n",
-      "r=v/il\n",
-      "r_ext=r-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",round(r_ext,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 1.341 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.18, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=17.5#A\n",
-      "n2=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",round(r,1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 4.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.19, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ra=1.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=500#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4#A\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=26#A\n",
-      "r=2.3#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2_=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "n2__=n*eb2/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%=\",round(n2__),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected= 831.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%= 978.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.20, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=ia2=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia2/2\n",
-      "n3=n*(v-ia3*rt)/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 771.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.21, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=20#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=1.0/2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at half full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 550.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at half full-load torque= 588.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 137
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.22, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=30.0#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at double full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 427.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at double full-load torque= 317.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.23, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "n=750.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=250.0#N-m\n",
-      "r=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t1=load/(2*3.14*(n/60))\n",
-      "ia1=load/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*math.sqrt(t2/t1)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia1*n/(eb1*ia2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which machine will run=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which machine will run= 381.789716486 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.24, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=7.46*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2.0#A\n",
-      "n2=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=output/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-20-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "input_m=(v)*(ia2+ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_cu_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_loss-total_cu_loss\n",
-      "stray_loss2=stray_loss*n2/n\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia1**2*rt\n",
-      "total_loss2=stray_loss2+cu_loss_f+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "output2=input_m-total_loss2\n",
-      "efficiency=output2*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"overall efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 4460.66115702 W\n",
-        "armature current= 36.5330578512 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.42352222599 ohm\n",
-        "overall efficiency= 52.619059225 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.25, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=15.0#A\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "n2=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=((v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia)-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia/2\n",
-      "eb3=v-ia3*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 615.584415584 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.26, Page Number:1045"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "inl=3.5#A\n",
-      "il=59.5#A\n",
-      "rf=267.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2.0#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.02\n",
-      "speed_ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=inl-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra-vd\n",
-      "ia2=il-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-vd\n",
-      "n1_by_n2=eb1*(1-ratio)/eb2\n",
-      "per_change=(1-1/n1_by_n2)*100\n",
-      "r=solve(eb2*speed_ratio/(eb2-ia2*r)-1,r)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"change in speed=\",per_change,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r[0],\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "change in speed= 0.83357557339 %\n",
-        "resistance to be added= 3.33092370774547 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*(n2/n)**2\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resustance that must be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resustance that must be added= 1.32708333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "i_permissible=i*ratio\n",
-      "ia_per=i_permissible-ish\n",
-      "ra_total=v/ia_per\n",
-      "r_required=ra_total-ra\n",
-      "torque=ratio*ta\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_required,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed at starting=\",torque,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "net torque= 365.403326173 N-m\n",
-        "starting resistance= 0.913513513514 ohm\n",
-        "torque developed at starting= 548.104989259 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.29, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "rf=40.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=55.0#A\n",
-      "n=595.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.58#ohm\n",
-      "n2=630.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia_=15.0#A\n",
-      "rd=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ra1=r+ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra1*ia1\n",
-      "ia2=ia1\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*(n2/n)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia1\n",
-      "eb2_=v-ia_*ra1\n",
-      "n2=eb2_*n/eb1\n",
-      "eb3=eb1\n",
-      "IR=v-eb3-ia2*ra\n",
-      "pd=v-IR\n",
-      "i_d=pd/rd\n",
-      "i=ia2+i_d\n",
-      "R=IR/i\n",
-      "I=solve(rd*(I-ia_)-v+R*I,I)\n",
-      "eb4=v-R*I[0]-ia_*ra\n",
-      "n4=n*(eb4/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature circuit resistance should be reduced by=\",ra1-r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when Ia=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"value of series resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor current falls to 15A=\",n4,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature circuit resistance should be reduced by= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "speed when Ia= 668.5 rpm\n",
-        "value of series resistance= 0.344418052257 ohm\n",
-        "speed when motor current falls to 15A= 636.922222222222 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.31, Page Number:1051"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=math.sqrt(2*2**0.5*i**2)\n",
-      "n2=n*2*i/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n",
-        "current= 25.2268924576 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.32, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=707#rpm\n",
-      "ia1=100#A\n",
-      "v=85#V\n",
-      "rf=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ra_total=ra+(2*rf)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra_total\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**0.5\n",
-      "rf=rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)*(2*ia1/ia2)\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n/n2)*eb2))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1029.46885374 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.171040764009 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.33, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "R=v/ia-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at starting=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at 1000 rpm\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added at starting= 5.7 ohm\n",
-        "resistance to be added at 1000 rpm 1.9 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.34, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=20.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**(3.0/4.0)\n",
-      "n2=n*ratio*ia1/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 33.6358566101 A\n",
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.35, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=350.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia*(n2/n)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "V=solve((n2*eb1*ia2/(n*ia))+ia2-V,V)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage=\",V[0],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " current= 35.7142857143 A\n",
-        "voltage= 433.673469387755 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.36, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=10.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.70\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "r_total=ra+rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-r_total*ia\n",
-      "n2=(eb2*n/(eb1*ratio))\n",
-      "    \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1444.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.37, Page Number:1054"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=(ratio*2*ia**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/ia2)*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 777.147765122 rpm\n",
-        "speed= 69.2820323028 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.38, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#when divertor is added\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+4*r)\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*(ra+rd)/rd)**0.5\n",
-      "ra_=rd*ra/(ra+rd)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra_\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*3/(2*ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#rearranged field coils in two series and parallel group\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*2)**0.5\n",
-      "r=ra+r\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*r\n",
-      "n2_=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/(ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when divertor was added=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when field coils are rearranged=\",n2_,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when divertor was added= 1112.87640676 rpm\n",
-        "speed when field coils are rearranged= 1275.19533144 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.39, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "rf=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=20#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-il*(ra+rf/4)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(1/(1-ratio))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1162.92198261 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.40, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=200.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rd=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=ra+rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "i2=solve(((rd+rf)*i2**2)-(v*i2)-(i**2*rd),i2)\n",
-      "pd=v-i2[1]*rf\n",
-      "ia2=((rd+rf)*i2[1]-v)/rd\n",
-      "eb2=pd-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(i/i2[1])*n\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 342.848235418389 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.41, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "r=3#ohm\n",
-      "i2=15#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-(r+ra)*i2\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)/ratio\n",
-      "power_ratio=(n*i)/(n2*i2*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of power outputs=\",power_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 1349.65437788 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of power outputs= 1.48186086214\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.42, Page Number:1057"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "I=(i**2*ratio**3)**0.5\n",
-      "eb2=I*ratio*v/i\n",
-      "R=(v-eb2)/I\n",
-      "pa=v*i/1000\n",
-      "power_n=pa*ratio**4\n",
-      "pa=eb2*I\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resistance required=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Resistance required= 7.26432660412 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.44, Page Number:1060"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "n2=550#rpm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi1=eb1/n\n",
-      "eb2=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi2=eb2/n2\n",
-      "eb_=v-i*2*r\n",
-      "n=eb_/((eb1/n2)+(eb2/n))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 248.120300752 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.45, Page Number:1061"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ratio1=5.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "t=882#N-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "k=v/(n*i/60)\n",
-      "I=(t/((ratio1+ratio2)*0.159*k))**0.5\n",
-      "nsh=v/((ratio1+ratio2)*k*I)\n",
-      "eb1=ratio1*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "eb2=ratio2*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",I,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of shaft=\",round(nsh*60),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage across the motors=\",round(eb1),\"V,\",round(eb2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 49.5202984449 A\n",
-        "speed of shaft= 134.0 rpm\n",
-        "voltage across the motors= 139.0 V, 111.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.46, Page Number:1063"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "t=700#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.008#ohm\n",
-      "rf=55#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=375#N-m\n",
-      "n2=1050#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*t/60\n",
-      "power_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "im=power_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=im-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*t2/t\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=eb2/ia2-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"dynamic break resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "dynamic break resistance= 0.795525014538 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 118
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.47, Page Number:1064"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "n=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.746\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "eb=v-I*ra\n",
-      "vt=v+eb\n",
-      "i_max=2*I\n",
-      "r=vt/i_max\n",
-      "R=r-ra\n",
-      "N=n/60\n",
-      "phizp_by_a=eb/N\n",
-      "k4=phizp_by_a*v/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "k3=phizp_by_a**2/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "tb=k4+k3*N\n",
-      "tb0=k4\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"breaking resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque=\",tb,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque when N=0 =\",tb0,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "breaking resistance= 6.1 ohm\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque= 1028.3970276 N-m\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque when N=0 = 522.360394972 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.48, Page Number:1069"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=120#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "l=20*0.001#H\n",
-      "ka=0.05#V/rpm motor constant\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vt=ia*ra\n",
-      "alpha=vt/v\n",
-      "#when alpha=1\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "N=eb/ka\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"range of speed control=\",0,\"to\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"range of duty cycle=\",(alpha),\"to\",1"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " range of speed control= 0 to 2200.0 rpm\n",
-        "range of duty cycle= 0.0833333333333 to 1\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.49, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=ratio*i\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r_start=r1-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_start,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 2.78842716711 ohm\n",
-        "back emf= 66.6666666667 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 125
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.50, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r1=v/ia\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.812 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.215 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.815 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.546 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.366 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.246 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.51, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=6\n",
-      "load=3.73#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=output-load\n",
-      "cu_loss=total_loss*ratio\n",
-      "i=output*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-i1\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss*1000/ia**2\n",
-      "i_per=i*2\n",
-      "ia_per=i_per-i1\n",
-      "r1=v/ia_per\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.627 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.709 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.468 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.309 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.52, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "load=36.775#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.05\n",
-      "rsh=200#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=input_m*ratio\n",
-      "cu_loss_sh=v**2/rsh\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=cu_loss-cu_loss_sh\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss_a/ia**2\n",
-      "k=(v/(ia*ra))**(1.0/(n))\n",
-      "i1=k*ia\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.974 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.36 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.219 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.133 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.0 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.081 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.53, Page Number:1082"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.125#ohm\n",
-      "i2=150.0#A\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve((i1/i2)**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r6/k\n",
-      "r8=r7/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-r8\n",
-      "p8=r8-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 8th section=\",round(p8,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.313 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.234 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.176 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.132 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.099 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.056 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 8th section= 0.042 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.54, Page Number:1083"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=20\n",
-      "ra=1.31#ohm\n",
-      "t=218#N-m\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "slot=60\n",
-      "phi=23*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=t/(0.159*phi*slot*z)\n",
-      "i1=ia*ratio\n",
-      "i2=ia\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve(k**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 2.237 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.491 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.994 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.678 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.55, Page Number:1084"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "drop=0.02\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "i_per=1.30\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=i_per*il\n",
-      "vd=drop*v\n",
-      "rm=vd/il\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r=(r1-rm)/6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of each rheostat=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of each rheostat= 0.615721729566 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 165
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.56, Page Number:1085"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=55.95#kW\n",
-      "v=650.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.51#ohm\n",
-      "i1=140.0#A\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "per=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=((per+1)/ratio-per)*r1\n",
-      "r3=(per+1)*r2/ratio-per*r1\n",
-      "r4=((per+1)*r3/ratio)-per*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"number of steps=\",3\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "number of steps= 3\n",
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.364 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 1.17 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 170
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_SUaeUO3.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_SUaeUO3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 447ef8ab..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_SUaeUO3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,388 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6743417a1c79c6197a7cd49755318e10828c09b3cb248c5af8d5364367840700"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 28: Generator Characteristics"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.13, Page Number:984"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "#emf increases by 1 V for every increase of 6 A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=96#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "voltageincrease=i/6\n",
-      "vd=i*ra\n",
-      "voltage_rise=voltageincrease-vd\n",
-      "vconsumer=v+voltage_rise\n",
-      "power_supplied=voltage_rise*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage supplied ot consumer= \",vconsumer,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"power supplied by the booster itself= \",power_supplied/1000,\" kW\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage supplied ot consumer=  234.08  V\n",
-        "power supplied by the booster itself=  1.35168  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.14, Page Number:985"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vd=i*r\n",
-      "voltage_decrease=v-vd\n",
-      "feeder_drop=v*r\n",
-      "booster_voltage=v*v/i1\n",
-      "voltage_net=feeder_drop-booster_voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net decrease in voltage= \",voltage_net,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net decrease in voltage=  2.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.15, Page Number:986"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inl=5.0#A\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "il=6.0#A\n",
-      "i_full=200.0#A(full load)\n",
-      "turns=1600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "shunt_turns1=turns*inl\n",
-      "shunt_turns2=turns*il\n",
-      "increase=shunt_turns2-shunt_turns1\n",
-      "n=increase/i_full#number of series turns required\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of series turns required= \",n,\" tunrs/pole\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of series turns required=  8.0  tunrs/pole\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.16, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#turns/pole\n",
-      "series_winding=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "increase_i=0.2#A\n",
-      "ia=80#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "additional_at=n*increase_i\n",
-      "current_required=additional_at/series_winding\n",
-      "R=(current_required*r)/(ia-current_required)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Divertor resistance= \",R,\" ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Divertor resistance=  0.0833333333333  ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.17, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "divertor=0.14#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#short shunt\n",
-      "vd=i*rse\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "armature_drop=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+vd+armature_drop\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "print vd\n",
-      "E2=v+vd\n",
-      "current_divertor=(ia*divertor)/(divertor+rse)\n",
-      "change=(current_divertor/ia)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)emf induced using short shunt= \",E\n",
-      "print \"b)emf induced using long shunt= \",E2\n",
-      "print \"c)series amp-turns are reduced to \",change,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "16.704\n",
-        "a)emf induced using short shunt=  236.44\n",
-        "b)emf induced using long shunt=  236.704\n",
-        "c)series amp-turns are reduced to  70.0  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.18, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=250*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "i=7#A\n",
-      "inl=12#A\n",
-      "shunt=650#turns/pole\n",
-      "series=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "rse=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i_fulload=p/v\n",
-      "shunt_increase=shunt*(inl-i)\n",
-      "ise=shunt_increase/series\n",
-      "i_d=i_fulload-ise\n",
-      "Rd=(ise*rse)/i_d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load\",Rd,\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load 0.0212751091703 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.19, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "p=60.0*1000#W\n",
-      "n=1600.0#turns/pole\n",
-      "inl=1.25#A\n",
-      "vnl=125#V\n",
-      "il=1.75#A\n",
-      "vl=150.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "extra_excitation=n*(il-inl)\n",
-      "ise=p/vl\n",
-      "series=extra_excitation/ise\n",
-      "ise2=extra_excitation/3\n",
-      "i_d=ise-ise2\n",
-      "rd=(ise2*0.02)/i_d\n",
-      "reg=(vnl-vl)*100/vl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)minimum number of series turns/pole= \",series\n",
-      "print \"ii)divertor resistance= \",rd\n",
-      "print \"iii)voltage regulation= \",reg,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)minimum number of series turns/pole=  2.0\n",
-        "ii)divertor resistance=  0.04\n",
-        "iii)voltage regulation=  -16.6666666667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.20, Page Number:989"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#v\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=160.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#160 A\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "#50 A\n",
-      "vd2=i2*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 160 A=\",vd,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 50 A=\",vd2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage drop at 160 A= 8.0 V\n",
-        "voltage drop at 50 A= 2.5 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_TkYEtJb.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_TkYEtJb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index feb75575..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_TkYEtJb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5447 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:37afbdb95d83a409c42483f9400df0ec405aafcb3f017067345a44342a88aaf2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 32: Transformer"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.1, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "phi=1.2#Wb-m2\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "a=v2/(4.44*f*n2*phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"secondary turns=\",n2\n",
-      "print \"area of core=\",round(a,2),\"m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary turns= 31.25\n",
-        "secondary turns= 375.0\n",
-        "area of core= 0.03 m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.2, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "bm=1.3#Tesla\n",
-      "sf=0.9\n",
-      "per=10#%\n",
-      "a=20*20*sf/10000#m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "n2=v2/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "e_per_turn=v1/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV TURNS=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"LV TURNS=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"EMF per turns=\",round(e_per_turn,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV TURNS= 1059.0\n",
-        "LV TURNS= 53.0\n",
-        "EMF per turns= 10.4 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.3, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=1000.0\n",
-      "a=60.0/10000.0#cm2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "e1=520.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "bm=e1/(4.44*f*n1*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak value of flux density=\",bm,\"WB/m2\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary winding=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak value of flux density= 0.975975975976 WB/m2\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary winding= 1300.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.4, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=50.0\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "e1=v/n1\n",
-      "e2=e1*n2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary and secondary currents=\",i1,\"A\", i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary emf=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWB\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary and secondary currents= 8.33333333333 A 83.3333333333 A\n",
-        "secondary emf= 300.0 V\n",
-        "flux= 27.027027027 mWB\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.5, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "load=300#kVA\n",
-      "phim=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=4.44*f*phim\n",
-      "e2=v2/1.732\n",
-      "t1=v1/e\n",
-      "t2=e2/e\n",
-      "output=load/3\n",
-      "HV=100*1000/v1\n",
-      "LV=100*1000/e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",t1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",t2\n",
-      "print \"emf per turn=\",e2\n",
-      "print \"full load HV=\",HV\n",
-      "print \"full load LV=\",LV"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 990.990990991\n",
-        "LV turns= 28.6082849593\n",
-        "emf per turn= 317.551963048\n",
-        "full load HV= 9\n",
-        "full load LV= 314.909090909\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.6, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=1200.0\n",
-      "a=80.0/10000.0#m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phim=n1/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "bm=phim/a\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak flux-density=\",bm,\"Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak flux-density= 0.563063063063 Wb\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary= 1200.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.7, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varible declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=250.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "v=1500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current an secondary current=\",i1,\"A\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)seconary emf=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)maximum flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current an secondary current= 16.6666666667 A 104.166666667 A\n",
-        "ii)seconary emf= 240.0 V\n",
-        "iii)maximum flux= 27.027027027 mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.8, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "a=20.0*20.0/10000#m2\n",
-      "phim=1.0#Wbm2\n",
-      "v1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2=v2/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "t1=t2*v1/v2\n",
-      "n1=t1/2\n",
-      "n2=t2/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 168.918918919\n",
-        "LV turns= 12.3873873874\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.9, Page Number:1126"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "p=400.0#W\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "i0=0.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=p/v1\n",
-      "imu=(i1**2-il**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw=i0*pf\n",
-      "imu2=(i0**2-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"magnetising currents=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iron loss current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"magnetising components of no load primary current=\",imu2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"working components of no-load primary current=\",iw,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "magnetising currents= 0.571788552492 A\n",
-        "iron loss current= 0.181818181818 A\n",
-        "magnetising components of no load primary current= 0.476969600708 A\n",
-        "working components of no-load primary current= 0.15 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.10, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "l=150.0#cm\n",
-      "airgap=0.1#mm\n",
-      "e1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "d=7.8#grma/cm3\n",
-      "loss=2.0#watt/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=e1/(4.44*f*n1*phim)\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "v2=k*e1\n",
-      "iron=l*5\n",
-      "air=phim*airgap/(1000*4*3.14*10**(-7))\n",
-      "bmax=iron+air\n",
-      "imu=bmax/(n1*2**0.5)\n",
-      "volume=l*a\n",
-      "im=volume*d*10\n",
-      "total_i=im*2\n",
-      "iw=total_i/(e1)\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=iw/i0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross sectional area=\",a*10000,\"cm2\"\n",
-      "print \"b)no load secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"c)no load current=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross sectional area= 225.225225225 cm2\n",
-        "b)no load secondary voltage= 240.0 V\n",
-        "c)no load current= 1.19577611723 A\n",
-        "d)power factor= 0.145353269536\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.11, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1000\n",
-      "n2=200\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=280#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i2_=i2/5\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(phi1))\n",
-      "i1=i*complex(pf,-sinphi)+i2_*complex(pf2,-sinphi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",abs(i1),\"/_\",math.degrees(phi1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 64.4918252531 /_ 36.8698976458 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.12, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=440.0#v\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "i0=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=120.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "angle=phi2-phi0\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+(2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle)))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the primary=\",i1,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the primary= 33.9022604184 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.13, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=800.0\n",
-      "n2=200.0\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i1=25.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.707\n",
-      "i2=80.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i0pf2=i1*pf2-i2_*pf\n",
-      "i0sinphi=i1*pf2-i2_*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "phi0=math.atan(i0sinphi/i0pf2)\n",
-      "i0=i0sinphi/math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load current=\",i0,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load current= 5.91703050525 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.14, Page Number:1131"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i0=complex(2,-9.8)\n",
-      "i2_=complex(42.5,-26.35)\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(i1.real/57.333)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= (44.5-36.15j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 39.0890154959 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.15, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable decaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=120.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.22#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.034#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1*k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"high voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"low voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "high voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 13.7 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 5.02 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 14.5907642021 ohm\n",
-        "low voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 0.03425 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.01255 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0364769105051 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.16, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=4400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.009#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.2#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)resistance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)reactance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)impedence=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"v)copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance=\n",
-        "primary= 7.05 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.017625 ohm\n",
-        "reactance=\n",
-        "primary= 11.2 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.028 ohm\n",
-        "impedence=\n",
-        "primary= 13.2341414531 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.0330853536327 ohm\n",
-        "copper loss= 910.382231405 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.17, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "z2=v/(i2)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z2_=z2/k**2\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)load impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"b)impedence referred to high tension side=\",z2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)the value of current referred to the high tension side=\",i2_,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)load impedence= 1.152 ohm\n",
-        "b)impedence referred to high tension side= 115.2 ohm\n",
-        "c)the value of current referred to the high tension side= 20.8333333333 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 70
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.18, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=317.0#V\n",
-      "load2=0.62#kW\n",
-      "lvload=0.48#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r1=load2*1000/i**2\n",
-      "r2=lvload*1000/i2**2\n",
-      "r2_=r2*k**2\n",
-      "x01=4*v1/(i1*100)\n",
-      "x2_=x01*r2_/(r1+r2_)\n",
-      "x1=x01-x2_\n",
-      "x2=x2_*10/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)r1=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2_=\",r2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x1=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2_=\",x2_,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)r1= 7.502 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.004823472 ohm\n",
-        "r2_= 5.808 ohm\n",
-        "ii)reactance= 48.4 ohm\n",
-        "x1= 27.28 ohm\n",
-        "x2= 0.175398981818 ohm\n",
-        "x2_= 21.12 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 76
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.19, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "k=19.5\n",
-      "r1=25.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=1.25#A\n",
-      "angle=30#degrees\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=50#V\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v2=complex(500,0)\n",
-      "i2=i2*complex(0.8,-0.6)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "e2=v2+i2*z2\n",
-      "beta=math.atan(e2.imag/e2.real)\n",
-      "e1=e2*k\n",
-      "i2_=i2/k\n",
-      "angle=beta+math.radians(90)+math.radians(angle)\n",
-      "i0=i*complex(math.cos(angle),math.sin(angle))\n",
-      "i1=-i2_+i0\n",
-      "v2=-e1+i1*complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real)-math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "power=abs(v2)*i*math.cos(math.radians(60))\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i2)**2*r02\n",
-      "output=500*abs(i2)*pf2\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+power\n",
-      "inpt=output+loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary applied voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"primary pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary applied voltage= (-11464.2126901-1349.15424294j) V\n",
-        "primary pf= 0.698572087114\n",
-        "efficiency= 86.7261056254 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 94
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.20, Page Number:1138"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=1100#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "zh=complex(0.1,0.4)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.006,0.015)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "#HV \n",
-      "r1=zh.real+zl.real*k**2\n",
-      "x1=zh.imag+zl.imag*k**2\n",
-      "z1=(r1**2+x1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#LV\n",
-      "r2=r1/k**2\n",
-      "x2=x1/k**2\n",
-      "z2=z1/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"LV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.25 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.775 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.814324873745 ohm\n",
-        "LV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.01 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.031 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0325729949498 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.21, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230#V\n",
-      "v2=460#V\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.75#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.8#ohm\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x02=x2+k**2*x1\n",
-      "vd=i*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "vt2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",vt2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 424.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.22, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.0#%\n",
-      "x=5.0#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "mu=r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "mu2=r**2+x*0\n",
-      "mu3=r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lag:\",mu,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1:\",mu2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lead:\",mu3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lag: 3.8 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=1: 1.0 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lead: -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 98
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.23, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "regn=r*cosphi+x*sinphi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.59016994375 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4472135955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.24, Page Number:1142"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "load1=500#KVA\n",
-      "load2=400#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kw=load2*pf\n",
-      "kvar=load2*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "drop=(r*kw/load1)+(x*kvar/load1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage voltage drop=\",drop,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage voltage drop= 4.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.25, Page Number:1144"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.286#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.319#ohm\n",
-      "ro=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "xo=1250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2_=complex(r2_,x2_)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.387,0.29)\n",
-      "ym=complex(0.004,-0.0008)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "zl_=zl/(k**2)\n",
-      "zm=1/ym\n",
-      "x=zm+zl_+z2_\n",
-      "i1=v1/(z1+(zm*(z2_+zl_))/(zm+z2_+zl_))\n",
-      "i2_=i1*zm/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "io=i1*(z2_+zl_)/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "pf=i1.real/abs(i1)\n",
-      "pi=v1*abs(i1)*pf/1000\n",
-      "po=abs(i2_)**2*zl_.real/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i1)**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_loss2=abs(i2_)**2*r2_\n",
-      "core_loss=io.real**2*240\n",
-      "e=po*100/pi\n",
-      "v2_=i2_*zl_\n",
-      "reg=(v1-v2_.real)*100/v2_.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power input=\",round(pi.real,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output=\",round(po,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Primary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Secondary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss2),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e.real,2),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",round(reg.real),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power input= 104.6 kW\n",
-        "Power output= 82.5 kW\n",
-        "Primary Cu loss= 854.0 W\n",
-        "Secondary Cu loss= 680.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 78.91 %\n",
-        "Regulation= 3.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.26, Page Number:1145"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=600#V\n",
-      "v2=1080#V\n",
-      "v=720#V\n",
-      "load=8#W\n",
-      "load2=10#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ir2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "il2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ir2_=ir2*v2/v1\n",
-      "il2_=il2*v/v1\n",
-      "ir2=math.sqrt(ir2_**2+il2_**2)\n",
-      "s=complex(load,load2)\n",
-      "s=abs(s)\n",
-      "pf=load/s\n",
-      "i=s*load2*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 21.3437474581 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.624695047554\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "i=0.5#A\n",
-      "p=30#W\n",
-      "r=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=v/v1\n",
-      "pf=p/(i*v)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sqrt(1-pf**2)\n",
-      "ip=i*sinphi\n",
-      "iw=i*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*r\n",
-      "iron_loss=p-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)turns ratio=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"ii)magnetising component of no-load current=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)working component of no-load current=\",iw,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)the iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)turns ratio= 2\n",
-        "ii)magnetising component of no-load current= 0.481045692921 A\n",
-        "iii)working component of no-load current= 0.136363636364 A\n",
-        "iv)the iron loss= 29.85 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 104
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=2000.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.2#A\n",
-      "po=90.0#W\n",
-      "vs=50.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=5.0#A\n",
-      "ps=110.0#W\n",
-      "p=3.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r0=v**2/po\n",
-      "ia0=v/r0\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(io**2-ia0**2)\n",
-      "xm=v/ip\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ps/25\n",
-      "x=math.sqrt(z**2-r**2)\n",
-      "r1=r*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "x1=x*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "i_lv1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i_lv=(p*1000/pf)/v\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "reg=i_lv*(r1*pf+x1*sinphi)/v\n",
-      "vt=v2-reg*1000/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"LV crrent at rated load=\",i_lv1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf\",i_lv,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"output secondary voltage=\",vt,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "LV crrent at rated load= 25.0 A\n",
-        "LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf 18.75 A\n",
-        "output secondary voltage= 999.832975251 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 3.34049498886 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.29, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "loss1=52.0#W\n",
-      "f1=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss2=90.0#W\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(loss1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(loss2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 45.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 25.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.30, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "m=10#kg\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f1=25.0\n",
-      "f2=40.0\n",
-      "f3=50.0\n",
-      "f4=60.0\n",
-      "f5=80.0\n",
-      "l1=18.5/f1\n",
-      "l2=36.0/f2\n",
-      "l3=50.0/f3\n",
-      "l4=66.0/f4\n",
-      "l5=104.0/f5\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([l1/f1-(A+f1*B),l2/f2-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "eddy_loss_per_kg=ans[B]*f**2/m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz=\",eddy_loss_per_kg,\"W\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "F=[f1,f2,f3,f4,f5]\n",
-      "L=[l1,l2,l3,l4,l5]\n",
-      "plt.plot(F,L)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"f -->\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Wi/f\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,100))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0.74,2))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz= -0.118333333333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      },
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458da10>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.31, Page Number:1148"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "v1=440#V\n",
-      "f1=50#Hz\n",
-      "p1=2500#W\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f2=25#Hz\n",
-      "p2=850#z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(p1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(p2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 900.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 1600.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.32, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f1=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "core=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=650.0#W\n",
-      "we=350.0#W\n",
-      "v2=2000.0#V\n",
-      "f2=100.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=wh/f1\n",
-      "b=we/f1**2\n",
-      "wh=a*f2\n",
-      "we=b*f2**2\n",
-      "new_core=wh+we\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new core loss=\",new_core,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " new core loss= 2700.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.33, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=1.4#Wb/m2\n",
-      "we=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=3000.0#W\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wh1=wh*1.1**1.6\n",
-      "we1=we*1.1**2\n",
-      "wh2=wh*0.9**(-0.6)\n",
-      "wh3=wh*1.1**1.6*1.1**(-0.6)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%=\",wh1,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%=\",wh2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%=\",wh3,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%= 3494.21441464 W and 1210.0 W\n",
-        "b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%= 3195.77171838 W\n",
-        "c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%= 3300.0 W and 1210.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 119
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.34, Page Number:1150"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "wh=600.0#W\n",
-      "we=loss-wh\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "a=wh/f\n",
-      "b=we/f**2\n",
-      "core_loss=a*f2+b*f2**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core loss at 60 Hz=\",core_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core loss at 60 Hz= 1350.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.35, Page Number:1151"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KvA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x01=34.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary voltage=\",vsc,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary voltage= 199.519931911 V\n",
-        "pf= 0.523468222173\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.36, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.7#A\n",
-      "po=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#v\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ps=85.0#W\n",
-      "load=5.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cosphi0=po/(vo*io)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi0))\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=io*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "r02=ps/i_s**2\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load/pf\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/v2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "print z02\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "1.5\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 377.788243349 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.37, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "k=1.0/6\n",
-      "r1=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "vsc=330.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=vsc/z01\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "cosphisc=i1**2*r01/(vsc*i1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in low voltage winding=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(cosphisc,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in low voltage winding= 200.396236149 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.38, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "r0=1500.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=750.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(iw**2+imu**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pi=v1*iw\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "power=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"reading of instruments=\",vsc,\"V,\",i1,\"A,\",power,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "reading of instruments= 46.8187996429 V, 20.0 A, 880.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 140
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.39, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per1=98.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "per2=98.8#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculaions\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output*100/per2\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "inpt_half=(load/2)*pf*100/per1\n",
-      "loss2=inpt_half-400\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss,(x/4)+y-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "kva=load*(ans[y]/ans[x])*0.5\n",
-      "output=kva*1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]\n",
-      "total_loss=2*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load copper loss= 4.07324441521606 kW\n",
-        "maximum efficiency= 0.968720013059872 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.40, Page Number:1154"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#v\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x01=0.37#ohm\n",
-      "r0=600.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=300.0#ohm\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tantheta=iw/imu\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(tantheta)\n",
-      "theta0=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "angle=theta0-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle))**0.5\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=x01*k**2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current= 20.6693546639 A\n",
-        "ii)secondary terminal voltage= 386.32 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 149
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.43, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=80.0\n",
-      "r1=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=1.1#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=complex(r01,x01)\n",
-      "z02=k**2*z01\n",
-      "v2=k*v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(z02.real*pf-z02.imag*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=vd*100/v2\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent impedence= (0.022+0.079j) ohm\n",
-        "ii)voltage regulation= -1.53925619835 %\n",
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 446.772727273 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.44, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=450.0#V\n",
-      "vb=120.0#V\n",
-      "v1=120.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=80.0#W\n",
-      "v2=9.65#V\n",
-      "i2=22.2#A\n",
-      "w2=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=vb/va\n",
-      "i0=i1*k\n",
-      "cosphi0=w1/(va*i0)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(cosphi0)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "iw=i0*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=i0*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=va/iw\n",
-      "x0=va/imu\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=vb/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "iron_loss=w1\n",
-      "cu_loss=(0.5**2)*w2\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf/2\n",
-      "efficiency2=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent circuit constants=\"\n",
-      "print \"z01=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r01=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8=\",efficiency*100,\"%\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent circuit constants=\n",
-        "z01= 0.434684684685 ohm\n",
-        "x01= 0.360090249002 ohm\n",
-        "r01= 0.243486729973 ohm\n",
-        "ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8= 97.5609756098 % 2.02885695496 %\n",
-        "iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8= 97.3236009732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.45, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=2200.0#V\n",
-      "vb=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=220.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=148.0#W\n",
-      "v2=86.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.5#A\n",
-      "w2=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(pf,1),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 2.94177963326 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 172
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.46, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "v=60.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "w=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v_=400.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v/i\n",
-      "r01=w/i**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage applied to hv side=\",v1+vd,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage applied to hv side= 2065.90767043 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 182
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.47, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=12.0#A\n",
-      "ws=100.0#W\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.0#A\n",
-      "wo=80.0#W\n",
-      "i2=10#A\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "pg=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cosphi0=wo/(vo*io)\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=(1-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "r02=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x02/k**2\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=wo\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=i2*v2*pf/(i2*v2*pf+total_loss)\n",
-      "v1_=((vo*pf+x01)**2+(vo*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"applied voltage=\",v1_,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "applied voltage= 251.442641983 V\n",
-        "efficiency= 96.3984469139 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.48, Page Number:1160"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=3.0#kVA\n",
-      "vo=230.0#V\n",
-      "io=2.0#A\n",
-      "wo=100.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=13.0#A\n",
-      "ws=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ws\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ws/(vs**2)\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.90121149256 %\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 194
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.49, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94\n",
-      "per=0.90\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=per*load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "core_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "pc=core_loss/per**2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=pc\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.5728354534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 196
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.50, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.96#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.0396#ohm\n",
-      "x1=15.8#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.158#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "r=r2+r1*(v2/v1)**2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "v1_=v2+i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(r/x)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)HV side voltage necessary=\",v1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)pf=\",round(pf,2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)HV side voltage necessary= 2409.9826087 V\n",
-        "b)pf= 0.97\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 199
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.51, Page Number:1162"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#v\n",
-      "r1=3.4#ohm\n",
-      "x1=7.2#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.028#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.060#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r=r1*(v2/v1)**2+r2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "ad=i*r*pf\n",
-      "dc=i*x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "oc=v2+ad+dc\n",
-      "bd=i*r*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "b_f=x*pf\n",
-      "cf=b_f-bd\n",
-      "v1_=(oc**2+cf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage on hv side=\",v1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage on hv side= 2229.28500444 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.52, Page Number:1163"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.7#A\n",
-      "w1=65.0#W\n",
-      "v=15.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "w2=75.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.80\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "ih=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2\n",
-      "constant_loss=w1\n",
-      "z=v/i2\n",
-      "r=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=load*100000/(load*1000+cu_loss+constant_loss)\n",
-      "regn=i2*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load regulation=\",regn,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.6183574879 %\n",
-        "full load regulation= 13.7942286341 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 209
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.53, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x=(z**2-cu_loss**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r01=cu_loss*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x01=x*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "z01=z*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "isc=i1*100/z\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"%x=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"primary sc current=\",isc,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "%x= 3.5721142199 %\n",
-        "resistance= 3.9204 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 7.78006477094 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 8.712 ohm\n",
-        "primary sc current= 378.787878788 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.54, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=220.0#V\n",
-      "i_o=4.2#A\n",
-      "wo=148.0#W\n",
-      "vs=86.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.5#A\n",
-      "ws=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "z10=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x01=(z10**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "v1_=((v1*pf+i1*r01)**2+(v1*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn1=(v1_-v1)/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "cu_loss_half=(i1/2)**2*r01\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000*pf*100/(load*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "efficiency_half=(load/2)*1000*pf*100/((load/2)*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "print v1_                                  \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)core loss=\",wo,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)equivalent resistance primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)equivalent resistance secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"d)equivalent reactance primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"e)equivalent reactance secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"f)regulation=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"g)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"h)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency_half,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "2265.01840886\n",
-        "a)core loss= 148.0 W\n",
-        "b)equivalent resistance primary= 3.26530612245 ohm\n",
-        "c)equivalent resistance secondary= 0.0326530612245 ohm\n",
-        "d)equivalent reactance primary= 7.51143635755 ohm\n",
-        "e)equivalent reactance secondary= 0.0751143635755 ohm\n",
-        "f)regulation= 2.95538222101 %\n",
-        "g)efficiency at full load= 97.4548448466 %\n",
-        "h)efficiency at half load= 95.0360304208 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 222
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.55, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=1.0/100\n",
-      "ex=5.0/100\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn2=er*1\n",
-      "regn3=er*pf-ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation with pf=1=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag= 3.8 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation with pf=1= 1.0 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead= -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.56, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per=0.97\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "zper=0.10\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*1\n",
-      "x=0.75\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(output*(1/per-1))\n",
-      "pc=pi/x**2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r=pc*1000/i1**2\n",
-      "er=i1*r/v1\n",
-      "ez=zper\n",
-      "ex=(ez**2-er**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 7.52529846012 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.57, Page Number:1166"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5#%\n",
-      "xdrop=3.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pur=cu_loss/100\n",
-      "pux=xdrop/100\n",
-      "regn2=pur*pf+pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn1=pur*1\n",
-      "regn3=pur*pf-pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation at unity pf=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation at 0.8 lag=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation at 0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation at unity pf= 1.5 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation at 0.8 lag= 3.3 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation at 0.8 lead= -0.9 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.58, Page Number:1168"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#KVA\n",
-      "w1=5.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=7.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "loss=total_loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*w2/2\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+2.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.0186963113 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.59, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "w1=350.0#W\n",
-      "w2=400.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+w1\n",
-      "efficiency2=(load*1000/2)/((load*1000/2)+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency at full load= 97.0873786408 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 232
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.60, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=efficiency**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of P1 and P2=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of P1 and P2= 0.5625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.61, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load1=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=1.4#kW\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.6#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "load=load1*(cu_loss/loss)**0.5\n",
-      "total_loss=loss*2\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=cu_loss*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=total_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output2=(load/2)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency2=output2/(output2+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load for max efficiency=\",load1,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"max efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load for max efficiency= 150.0 kVA\n",
-        "max efficiency= 98.283858876 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 95.2481856352 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 237
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.62, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=40#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=112#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "def e(k):\n",
-      "    e=k*pf*1000*100/(k*pf*1000+(cu_loss*(k/5)**2+40))\n",
-      "    return(e)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "e1=e(1.25)\n",
-      "e2=e(2.5)\n",
-      "e3=e(3.75)\n",
-      "e4=e(5.0)\n",
-      "e5=e(6.25)\n",
-      "e6=e(7.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=[1.25,2.5,3.75,5.0,6.25,7.5]\n",
-      "E=[e1,e2,e3,e4,e5,e6]\n",
-      "plt.plot(K,E)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"load,kVA\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Efficiency\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,8))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((92,98))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458d610>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.63, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "x=loss*1000/(1+9.0/16)\n",
-      "y=(9.0/16)*x\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*(1.0/2)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+y\n",
-      "output=load*pf*0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at hald load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at hald load= 97.9216626699 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.64, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*pf*1000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary resistance= 0.02 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 97.7284199899 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.65, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x01=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i2=1000*load*ratio/v2\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output*1000+total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/(inpt)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 2.4 w\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.8660287081 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.66, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=324.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=4*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*pf/(load*pf+cu_loss/1000+loss/1000)\n",
-      "per=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)percent of full-load=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency= 95.6708921311 %\n",
-        "ii)percent of full-load= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.67, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.8#A\n",
-      "wo=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ws=60.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "loss=ws+wo\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss/1000)\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r02=ws/i2**2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "load=load*(wo/ws)**0.5\n",
-      "load=load*1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"load at unity pf=\",load,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.0960960961 %\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 383.752729583 V\n",
-        "current= 20.0 A\n",
-        "load at unity pf= 4.32049379894 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.68, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "Wi=Symbol('Wi')\n",
-      "Wcu=Symbol('Wcu')\n",
-      "P=600.0#kVA\n",
-      "e=0.92#efficiency\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "x=0.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([(e*(1*P*1+Wi+1**2*Wcu))-(1*P*1),(e*(0.5*P*1+Wi+0.5*0.5*Wcu))-(0.5*P*1)],[Wi,Wcu])\n",
-      "e2=(x*P*pf*100)/((x*P*pf)+ans[Wi]+(x**2*ans[Wcu]))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 90.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.69, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=600.0#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "per=0.60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss1=inpt-load\n",
-      "inpt2=load/(2*efficiency)\n",
-      "loss2=inpt2-load/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss1,x+y/4-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]*0.36\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+ans[x]\n",
-      "output=load*per\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "389.913043478261\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.3282783229260 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.70, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "e1=0.98\n",
-      "e2=0.80\n",
-      "pf=8\n",
-      "z=0.05\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf1*e2\n",
-      "inpt=output/e1\n",
-      "loss=-output+inpt\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss_full=cu_loss/pf1**2\n",
-      "r=round(cu_loss_full*100/load)\n",
-      "sin=math.sin(math.acos(pf1))\n",
-      "regn=(r*pf1+5*sin)+(1.0/200)*(5*pf1-r*sin)**2\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 3.8578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.71, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=5000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=25.0#Hz\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5\n",
-      "we=0.5\n",
-      "wh=0.6\n",
-      "v2=10000.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss1=cu_loss*load/100\n",
-      "we1=we*load/100\n",
-      "wh1=wh*load/100\n",
-      "cu_loss2=cu_loss1\n",
-      "we2=(we1*(50.0/25.0)**2)\n",
-      "wh2=(wh1*(50.0/25))\n",
-      "e1=load*100/(load+cu_loss1+we1+wh1)\n",
-      "e2=load*2*100/(load*2+cu_loss2+we2+wh2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in first case=\",e1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in second case=\",e2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "20.47 0.06 0.05\n",
-        "full load efficiency in first case= 97.4658869396 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency in second case= 97.7039570103 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.72, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=300#KVA\n",
-      "r=1.5#%\n",
-      "load1=173.2#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*load*1000/100\n",
-      "iron_loss=(load1/load)**2*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(load*pf)*100/((load*pf)+(total_loss/1000))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.5610105096 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.73, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "a=0.04#m2\n",
-      "l=2.5#m\n",
-      "bm=1200\n",
-      "inpt=1200#W\n",
-      "pi=400#W\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "f2=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "n2=k*n1\n",
-      "i=1989/n1\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*inpt\n",
-      "total_loss=pi+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)n1=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"  n2=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"b)magnetising current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.00643416423287\n",
-        "a)n1= 216.0\n",
-        "  n2= 22.0\n",
-        "b)magnetising current= 9.21512347826 A\n",
-        "c)efficiency= 98.2398690135 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.74, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.8\n",
-      "x=5.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pf=r/x\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(pf)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "regn=r*math.cos(phi2)+x*math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "efficiency=100/(100+r*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)phi=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"b)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)phi= 18.4349488229 degrees\n",
-        "  ii)regulation= 5.6920997883 %\n",
-        "b)efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.75, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=3.0#A\n",
-      "wo=200.0#W\n",
-      "vsc=15.0#V\n",
-      "isc=30.0#A\n",
-      "wsc=300.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=(i/isc)**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wo)\n",
-      "z=vsc/isc\n",
-      "r=wsc/isc**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(i/v2)*(r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*v2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n",
-        "regulation= 1.72239475667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.76, Page Number:1177"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=400.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "x=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load*x*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+load*2/100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.2493723732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.77, Page Number:1178"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "v2=250#V\n",
-      "vsc=60#V\n",
-      "isc=20#A\n",
-      "wsc=150#W\n",
-      "per=1.2\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=per**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=per*load*1.0\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss*2/1000)\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "e2=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wsc)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n",
-        "full-load efficiency= 95.6251494143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.78, Page Number:1181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "cu_loss=4.5#kW\n",
-      "iron_loss=3.5#kW\n",
-      "t1=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "load1_=400.0#kW\n",
-      "load2_=300.0#kW\n",
-      "load3_=100.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.75\n",
-      "pf3=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load1=load1_/pf1\n",
-      "load2=load2_/pf2\n",
-      "load3=load3_/pf3\n",
-      "wc1=cu_loss\n",
-      "wc2=cu_loss*(load2/load1)**2\n",
-      "wc3=cu_loss*(load3/load1)**2\n",
-      "twc=(t1*wc1)+(t2*wc2)+(t3*wc3)+(t4*0)\n",
-      "iron_loss=24*iron_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=twc+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(t1*load1_)+(t2*load2_)+(t3*load3_)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 86
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.79, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=3.0#kW\n",
-      "tf=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*24/2\n",
-      "wcf=loss*tf/2\n",
-      "wch=loss/8\n",
-      "wch=wch*4\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+wch+wcf\n",
-      "output=load*tf+load*th/2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.2509225092 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.80, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "tf=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t10=14.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#1st transformer\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "tloss=inpt-load\n",
-      "y=tloss/2\n",
-      "x=y\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*tf+th*(x/2**2)+t10*(x/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=tf*load+th*load/2+t10*10\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "#2nd transformer\n",
-      "y=tloss/(1+1.0/4)\n",
-      "x=(tloss-y)\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "wc=tf*y+th*(y/2**2)+t10*(y/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+wc\n",
-      "e2=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency of forst transformer=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency ofsecond transformer=\",e2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.408163265306 1.63265306122\n",
-        "efficiency of forst transformer= 96.5245532574 %\n",
-        "efficiency ofsecond transformer= 97.7876610788 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.81, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "nl=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "ql=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "hl=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "fl=2.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-load\n",
-      "wc_fl=loss/2\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "wc_fl_4=(1.0/4)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=(1.0/2)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_ql=ql*wc_fl_4\n",
-      "wc_hl=hl*wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=fl*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc=wc_ql+wc_hl+wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wh=wc\n",
-      "loss=wh+24*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "half_output=(output/2)\n",
-      "q_load=(load/4)\n",
-      "output=ql*q_load+hl*half_output+fl*output\n",
-      "e=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 89.5592740985 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.82, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "load=15#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "pf1=0.5\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "k1=2#kW\n",
-      "k2=12#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "wc=loss/2\n",
-      "wi=loss/2\n",
-      "w1=k1/pf1\n",
-      "w2=k2/pf2\n",
-      "wc1=wc*(4/load)\n",
-      "wc2=wc\n",
-      "wc12=t1*wc1\n",
-      "wc6=t2*wc2\n",
-      "wc=(wc12+wc6)\n",
-      "wi=24*wi\n",
-      "output=(k1*t1)+(t2*k2)\n",
-      "inpt=output+wc+wi\n",
-      "e=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.918367346939 3.67346938776\n",
-        "efficiency= 95.4351795496 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.83, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "l1_=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "t=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "loss=1.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "l1=l1_/2\n",
-      "l2=l1_\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "loss=loss*2\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "wc1=t*(1.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc2=8*(2.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc=wc1+wc2\n",
-      "wi=24*1\n",
-      "loss=wc+wi\n",
-      "output=3*(l1*1)+8*(l2*1)\n",
-      "e2=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ordinary efficiency=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"all day efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ordinary efficiency= 98.6842105263 %\n",
-        "all day efficiency= 97.1480513578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.84, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94#%\n",
-      "nl=10\n",
-      "hl=5.0\n",
-      "ql=6.0\n",
-      "fl=3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(load*1000)*(1-efficiency)/efficiency\n",
-      "wch=(0.5)**2*pi\n",
-      "eh=wch*hl/1000\n",
-      "wcq=(0.25)**2*pi\n",
-      "eq=ql*wcq/1000\n",
-      "e3=pi*3/1000\n",
-      "e2=pi*24/1000\n",
-      "e=25*hl+12.5*ql+50*fl\n",
-      "efficiency=e/(e+e2+eh+eq+e3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.4557217274 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.85, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=8.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "k1=3.0#kW\n",
-      "k2=8.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.6\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x1=k1/(pf1*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=load/(1*load)\n",
-      "pc1=(0.5)**2*0.1\n",
-      "pc2=pc3=0.10\n",
-      "o1=k1*t1\n",
-      "o2=k2*t2\n",
-      "o3=k2*load\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "wc1=pc1*t1\n",
-      "wc2=pc2*t2\n",
-      "wc3=pc3*t3\n",
-      "cu_loss=wc1+wc2+wc3\n",
-      "loss=400.0*24/10000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficency= 98.27465179 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.86, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=.98\n",
-      "load=15.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0\n",
-      "t2=6.0\n",
-      "t3=6.0\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "k1=2.0\n",
-      "k2=12.0\n",
-      "k3=18.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "x1=k1/(0.5*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=k3/(pf3*load)\n",
-      "wc1=0.131\n",
-      "wc2=0.918\n",
-      "wc3=1.632\n",
-      "o1=t1*k1\n",
-      "o2=t2*k2\n",
-      "o3=t3*k3\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "loss=wc1+wc2+wc3+0.153*24\n",
-      "efficiency=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.9798386522 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.87, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=115.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "power=load*(1-k)\n",
-      "power2=k*load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)power transferred inductively=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"b)power transferred conductively=\",power2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)power transferred inductively= 1.5 kW\n",
-        "b)power transferred conductively= 1.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 145
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.88, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i1=k*i\n",
-      "saving=k*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"economy of cu=\",saving"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "economy of cu= 80.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 147
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.89, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=6600.0#V\n",
-      "v2=5000.0#V\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "phim1=1.3#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phim=e/(4.44*f)\n",
-      "area=phim/phim1\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core area=\",area*10000,\"m2\"\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the hv side=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the lv side=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core area= 277.2002772 m2\n",
-        "number of turns on the hv side= 825.0\n",
-        "number of turns on the lv side= 625.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.90, Page Number:1189"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2640*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i1_-i2\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 219.12 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 1095.6 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 91.3 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.91, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2160*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i2-i1_\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 179.28 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 896.4 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 74.7 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 160
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.92, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "iron_loss=50.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=load*1000/efficiency-load*1000-iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000/(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)\n",
-      "i2=(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"current drawn on hv side=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.9760216579 %\n",
-        "current drawn on hv side= 23.1967703349 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.93, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500#V\n",
-      "v2=2300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva=(v1+v2)*50*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage output=\",v1+v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating of auto transformer=\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage output= 13800 V\n",
-        "kVA rating of auto transformer= 690.0 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.94, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=2300.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#KVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*100/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*100/v2\n",
-      "kva1=(v1+v2)*i1/(100)\n",
-      "kva2=(v1+v2)*i2/(100)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage ratios=\",(v1+v2)/v1,\"or\",(v1+v2)/v2\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in first case=\",kva1\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in second case=\",kva2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage ratios= 1.2 or 6.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in first case= 120.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in second case= 600.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 167
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.95, Page Number:1192"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#v\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "output=2640*i2\n",
-      "i=i2*2640/v1\n",
-      "k=2640/v1\n",
-      "poweri=v1*i1*0.001\n",
-      "power=output/1000-poweri\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rating of the auto-transformer=\",output/1000,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"inductively transferred powers=\",poweri,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"conductively transferred powers=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rating of the auto-transformer= 550.0 kVA\n",
-        "inductively transferred powers= 50.0 kW\n",
-        "conductively transferred powers= 500.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 169
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.96, Page Number:1196"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "za=complex(0.5,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.,10)\n",
-      "load=100#KW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa)*math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb)*math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "96.082805253\n",
-        "SA= 74.5937961595 kW\n",
-        "SB= 25.4062038405 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.97, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r1=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "zb=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.degrees((-1)*math.acos(pf))*math.degrees(math.atan((za/zb).imag/(za/zb).real)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load of B=\",abs(za/zb)\n",
-      "print \"pf of B=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load of B= 1.21872643265\n",
-        "pf of B= 0.613584256393\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.98, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.2,4.8)\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(-pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 224.451917244 -39.3923099293\n",
-        "SB= 275.942423833 -34.8183886694\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 205
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.99, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "r1=0.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "r2=0.75\n",
-      "x2=4.0\n",
-      "load1=180.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=load1/pf\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "s1=s*z2/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "s2=s*z1/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "kw1=abs(s1)*math.cos(math.atan(s1.imag/s1.real))\n",
-      "kw2=abs(s2)*math.cos(math.atan(s2.imag/s2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW1=\",kw1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"kW2=\",kw2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "(1.25+12j)\n",
-        "kW1= 58.119626171 kW\n",
-        "kW2= 121.880373829 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.100, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(0.85,-0.527)\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA for A=\",abs(sa),math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA for B=\",abs(sb),math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA for A= 130.53263665 0.819364787986 lag\n",
-        "kVA for B= 105.238776124 0.884143252833 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.101, Page Number:1198"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "load=125.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(0.9,10)\n",
-      "zb=(100/50)*complex(1.0,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 63.0780848499 -39.929442891 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 62.1031510961 -33.7622749748 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 218
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.102, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "load2=250#kVA\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zb=(500/load2)*zb\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 471.125736359 -40.3232138964 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 281.165527855 -31.0771011508 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 219
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.103, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=1000#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.5,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=i*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ratio=zb/za\n",
-      "ib=i/(1+ratio)\n",
-      "ia=i-ib\n",
-      "ratio=ia.real/ib.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",ia\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",ib\n",
-      "print \"ratio of output=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= (504.451038576-341.246290801j)\n",
-        "IB= (295.548961424-258.753709199j)\n",
-        "ratio of output= 1.70682730924\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 220
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.104, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1.0,5.0)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.0,2.0)\n",
-      "load1=300.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(100.0/250)*zb\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "zab=za*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "drop=zab.real*240/100+zab.imag*180/100\n",
-      "v2=v2-v2*drop/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 55.8895719399 -64.6284382469 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 251.890896741 -30.9383707209 degrees\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 486.177874187 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.105, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n11=5000.0\n",
-      "n12=440.0\n",
-      "load1=200#kVA\n",
-      "n21=5000.0\n",
-      "n22=480.0\n",
-      "load2=350#kVA\n",
-      "x=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=load1*1000/n12\n",
-      "i2=load2*1000/n22\n",
-      "x1=x*n12/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x2=x*n22/(100*i2)\n",
-      "ic=(n22-n12)/0.057\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load circulation current=\",ic/i1,\"times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load circulation current= 1.54385964912 times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.106, Page Number:1203"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "ea=6600#V\n",
-      "eb=6400#V\n",
-      "za=complex(0.3,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.2,1)\n",
-      "zl=complex(8.0,6.0)\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",abs(ia),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",abs(ib),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 195.492387533 A\n",
-        "IB= 422.567795916 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 227
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.107, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "load2=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=950.0#V\n",
-      "r1=2.0\n",
-      "r2=2.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "x2=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/v1\n",
-      "ra=v1*r1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=v1*x1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/v2\n",
-      "rb=v2*r2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=v2*x2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "z=((ra+rb)**2+(xa+xb)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/z\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan((xa+xb)/(ra+rb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load circulating current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load circulating current= 25.0948635944 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.108, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=1000.0#KVA\n",
-      "load2=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=510.0#V\n",
-      "z1=3.0\n",
-      "z2=5.0\n",
-      "r=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/480\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/480\n",
-      "za=z1*v1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "zb=z2*v2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "ic=(v2-v1)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"cross current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "cross current= 315.656565657 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.109, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "loada=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "loadb=250.0#kVA\n",
-      "load=750.0#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=405.0#V\n",
-      "v2=415.0#V\n",
-      "ra=1.0\n",
-      "rb=1.5\n",
-      "xa=5.0\n",
-      "xb=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=loada*1000/400\n",
-      "ra=400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=xa*400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=loadb*1000/400\n",
-      "rb=rb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=xb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "za=complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "zl=400**2*0.001/load*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "ia=(v1*zb+(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(v2*za-(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "sa=400*ia/1000\n",
-      "sb=400*ib/1000\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real))\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross current=\",-abs(ic),math.degrees(math.atan(ic.imag/ic.real))\n",
-      "print \"b)SA=\",abs(sa),pf1,\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"  SB=\",abs(sb),pf2,\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross current= -229.754569404 -72.8972710309\n",
-        "b)SA= 387.844943528 0.820048560714 lag\n",
-        "  SB= 351.964386212 0.738709225528 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.110, Page Number:1205"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zl=complex(2.0,1.5)\n",
-      "za=complex(0.15,0.5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.1,0.6)\n",
-      "ea=207#V\n",
-      "eb=205#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2_=(ia+ib)*zl\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ia.imag/ia.real)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ib.imag/ib.real)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "pa=abs(v2_)*abs(ia)*pfa\n",
-      "pb=abs(v2_)*abs(ib)*pfb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pa,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pb,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pfa\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pfb\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output:\n",
-        " A: 6535.37583042 W\n",
-        " B: 4925.36941503 W\n",
-        "power factor:\n",
-        " A: 0.818428780129\n",
-        " B: 0.775705655277\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 248
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.111, Page Number:1206"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "ib=600.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rb=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "xa=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "xb=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "ea=245.0#V\n",
-      "eb=240.0#V\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.25,0.1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=(ea/ia)*complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=(eb/ib)*complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "i=(ea*zb+eb*za)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2=i*zl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(abs(v2)),round(math.degrees(math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real))),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 230.0 -3.0 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_UDdHMGf.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_UDdHMGf.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7862658a..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_UDdHMGf.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3137 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a9b903871f8bdf2f971bf001fa7cff3dbf47aad5e657d5bfcea016f9756d9ac"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 37: Alternators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.1, Page Number:1412"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s1=36.0\n",
-      "p1=4.0\n",
-      "span1=8.0\n",
-      "s2=72.0\n",
-      "p2=6.0\n",
-      "span2=10.0\n",
-      "s3=96.0\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "span3=12.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha1=2*p1*180/s1\n",
-      "alpha2=3*p2*180/s2\n",
-      "alpha3=5*p3*180/s3\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha1/2))\n",
-      "kc2=math.cos(math.radians(alpha2/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(alpha3/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)kc=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"b)kc=\",kc2\n",
-      "print \"c)kc=\",kc3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)kc= 0.939692620786\n",
-        "b)kc= 0.923879532511\n",
-        "c)kc= 0.881921264348\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.2, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=36.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/n\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"distribution factor=\",kd"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "distribution factor= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.3, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=10.0#V\n",
-      "beta=30.0#degrees\n",
-      "m=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "arith_sum=6*v\n",
-      "vector_sum=kd*arith_sum\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"emf of six coils in series=\",vector_sum,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of six coils in series= 38.6370330516 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.4, Page Number:1414"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "ratio=2.0/3.0\n",
-      "m1=9\n",
-      "m2=6\n",
-      "m3=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m1*math.radians(beta/2))/(m1*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(m2*math.radians(beta/2))/(m2*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(m3*math.radians(beta/2))/(m3*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i) kd=\",kd1\n",
-      "print \"ii)kd=\",kd2\n",
-      "print \"iii)kd=\",kd3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) kd= 0.639863387016\n",
-        "ii)kd= 0.831206922161\n",
-        "iii)kd= 0.959795080524\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.5, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "slot=18.0\n",
-      "s=16.0\n",
-      "m1=3.0\n",
-      "m2=5.0\n",
-      "m3=7.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "span=(s-1)\n",
-      "alpha=180*3/slot\n",
-      "kc1=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(math.radians(m1*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc5=math.cos(math.radians(m2*alpha/2))\n",
-      "kc7=math.cos(math.radians(m3*alpha/2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kc1=\",kc1\n",
-      "print \"kc3=\",kc3\n",
-      "print \"kc5=\",kc5\n",
-      "print \"kc7=\",kc7"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kc1= 0.965925826289\n",
-        "kc3= 0.707106781187\n",
-        "kc5= 0.258819045103\n",
-        "kc7= -0.258819045103\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.6, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "s=144.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "phi=0.03#Wb\n",
-      "n=375.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "t=s*z/(3*2)\n",
-      "eph=4.44*1*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"phase emf=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 50.0 Hz\n",
-        "phase emf= 1534.464 V\n",
-        "line emf= 2657.76961039 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.7, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "s=54\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "t=8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(beta/2)\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "n=s/p\n",
-      "m=s/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=s*8/3\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "eph=4.44*0.98*0.96*f*phi*t\n",
-      "el=3**0.*eph\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eph=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eph= 1804.529664 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.8, Page Number:1416"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=16.0\n",
-      "slots=144.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "n=375.0\n",
-      "airgap=5*0.01\n",
-      "theta=150.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "alpha=(180-theta)\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "beta=180/9\n",
-      "m=slots/(p*3)\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "f=p*n/120\n",
-      "s=slots/3\n",
-      "eph=4*kf*kc*kd*f*airgap*s*4/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf per phase=\",eph,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf per phase= 987.908016392 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.9, Page Number:1417"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "slots=180\n",
-      "s=15\n",
-      "d=1.2#m\n",
-      "l=0.4#m\n",
-      "m=6\n",
-      "beta=180/18\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "area=(1.2*3.14/p)*l\n",
-      "phi1=area*0.637\n",
-      "vr=1.1*2*f*phi1\n",
-      "vp=2**0.5*vr\n",
-      "v3=0.4*vp\n",
-      "v5=0.2*vp\n",
-      "vf=6*vp*0.966\n",
-      "vf3=6*v3*0.707\n",
-      "vf5=6*v5*0.259\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd2=math.sin(math.radians(3*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(3*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "kd3=math.sin(math.radians(5*m*beta/2))/(6*math.sin(5*math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "vph=vf*2**0.5*60*kd1\n",
-      "vph3=vf3*2**0.5*60*kd2\n",
-      "vph5=vf5*2**0.5*60*kd3\n",
-      "rmsv=(vph**2+vph3**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "rmsvl=3**0.5*(vph**2+vph5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)e=\",vp,\"sin theta+\",v3,\"sin 3theta+\",v5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)e=\",vf,\"sin theta+\",vf3,\"sin 3theta+\",vf5,\"sin 5theta\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)rms value of phase voltage=\",rmsv,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)e= 14.9354392872 sin theta+ 5.97417571489 sin 3theta+ 2.98708785745 sin 5theta\n",
-        "ii)e= 86.5658061088 sin theta+ 25.3424533826 sin 3theta+ 4.64193453047 sin 5theta\n",
-        "iii)rms value of phase voltage= 7158.83679423 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.10, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=60.0\n",
-      "z=4.0\n",
-      "s=3.0\n",
-      "theta=60.0\n",
-      "phi=0.943#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "m=slot/(p*s)\n",
-      "beta=slot/5\n",
-      "kd=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "alpha=(s/15)*180\n",
-      "kc=math.cos(math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "z=slot*z/s\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "eph=z*kf*kc*kd*f*phi*t/2\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*eph*0.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage= 13196.4478482 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.11, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=15.0\n",
-      "z=10.0\n",
-      "kd=0.95\n",
-      "e=1825#v\n",
-      "kc=1\n",
-      "kf=1.11\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "slots=p*slot\n",
-      "slotsp=slots/3\n",
-      "turnp=20*z/2\n",
-      "phi=e/(3**0.5*p*kc*kf*kd*f*turnp)\n",
-      "z=slots*z\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "eg=(phi*0.001*z*n)/slots\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eg*1000,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 749.405577006 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.12, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=360#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=3.6#A\n",
-      "f2=40#Hz\n",
-      "i2=2.4#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=v*i2*f2/(f*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e2=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e2= 160.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.13, Page Number:1418"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slot=2\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "per=20#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=180-theta\n",
-      "slotp=6\n",
-      "m=2\n",
-      "beta=180/slotp\n",
-      "kd1=math.sin(m*math.radians(beta/2))/(m*math.sin(math.radians(beta/2)))\n",
-      "z=10*slot*z\n",
-      "t=z/2\n",
-      "e1=4.44*kd1*kd1*f*0.12*t\n",
-      "kc3=math.cos(3*math.radians(alpha/2))\n",
-      "f2=f*3\n",
-      "phi3=(1.0/3)*per*0.12\n",
-      "e3=4.44*kd3*kd3*theta*0.008*40\n",
-      "e=(e1**2+e3**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e=\",e,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e= 994.25286629 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.14, Page Number:1419"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "per2=6.0#%\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#star connection\n",
-      "e5=per*v/100\n",
-      "e=(v**2+e5**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eph=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#delta\n",
-      "e3=10*v/100\n",
-      "f3=10*3\n",
-      "i=e3/f3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for star=\",eph,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage for delta=\",e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage for star= 400.358589267 V\n",
-        "line voltage for delta= 23.0 V\n",
-        "current= 0.766666666667 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(a), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=10.0\n",
-      "p1=24.0\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p3=6.0\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n=120*f/p\n",
-      "f1=p1*n/120\n",
-      "n2=120*f1/6\n",
-      "n3=(1-s)*n2\n",
-      "f2=s*f1p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f1,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency= 60.0 Hz\n",
-        "speed= 1140.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.15(b), Page Number:1420"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "phi=0.12#Wb\n",
-      "slotsp=4\n",
-      "cp=4\n",
-      "theta=150#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "slots=slotsp*3*p\n",
-      "c=cp*slots\n",
-      "turns=32\n",
-      "kb=math.sin(math.radians(60/2))/(p*math.sin(math.radians(7.5)))\n",
-      "kp=math.cos(math.radians(15))\n",
-      "eph=4.44*50*0.12*kb*0.966*turns\n",
-      "el=eph*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line voltage\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line voltage 1365.94840977 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.16, Page Number:1426"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.66#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "iradrop=i*r\n",
-      "ixsdrop=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+i*r)**2+(vp*sinphi+i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"linevalue of emf=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "linevalue of emf= 11475.6408913 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(a), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=440.0#KVA\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "il=200.0#A\n",
-      "vf=1160.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zs=vf/200\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous impedence=\",zs,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous reactance=\",xs,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous impedence= 5.8 ohm\n",
-        "synchronous reactance= 5.77840808528 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.17(b), Page Number:1428"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.07#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*x\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e=((v+ira)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lag\n",
-      "e2=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf+ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#pf of 0.7 lead\n",
-      "e3=((v*pf+ira)**2+(v*pf-ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=1\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lag\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage with pf=0.7 lead\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage with pf=1 225.174386048 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lag 234.604995966 V\n",
-        "voltage with pf=0.7 lead 208.03726621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.18(a), Page Number:1429"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "x=3.2#ohm\n",
-      "xl=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "rd=i*r\n",
-      "ixl=i*xl\n",
-      "ea=((v+rd)**2+(ixl)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*ea\n",
-      "e0=((v+rd)**2+(i*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0l=e0*3**0.5\n",
-      "per=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "xa=x-xl\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"internal emf Ea=\",el,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"no load emf=\",e0l,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"valueof synchronous reactance=\",xa,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "internal emf Ea= 471.842539659 V\n",
-        "no load emf= 592.991130967 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 34.7707115833 %\n",
-        "valueof synchronous reactance= 2.7 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 87
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.19, Page Number:1432"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v/vt\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced voltage= 222.090276316 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.20, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.71\n",
-      "i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(pf2))\n",
-      "zs=v2/i\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "e01=((v+r*i)**2+(i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8\n",
-      "e02=((v*pf+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v)*100/v\n",
-      "#at pf=0.71\n",
-      "e03=((v*pf2+r*i)**2+(v*sinphi2+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg3=(e03-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation unity pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf=\",reg3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.6\n",
-        "voltage regulation unity pf= 6.88779163216 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -8.875640156 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.71 lead pf= 21.1141910671 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.21, Page Number:1433"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.2\n",
-      "i1=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=200.0#A\n",
-      "v2=1040.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "e01=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1+i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e01-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "#at pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "e02=((v1*pf+r*i)**2+(v1*sinphi1-i*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e02-v1)*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf=\",reg2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= 2.20611574348 %\n",
-        "voltage regulation 0.8 lag pf= -1.77945143824 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 112
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.22, Page Number:1434"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1600.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=13500.0#V\n",
-      "r=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=30.0#ohm\n",
-      "load1=1280.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load1*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi1-ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= -11.9909032489 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.23, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "thetadel=math.atan((vp*sinphi+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira))\n",
-      "delta=math.degrees(thetadel)-math.degrees(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",delta,\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 48.0405877623 %\n",
-        "power angle= 18.9704078085 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.24, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6000.0#KVA\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "p=2.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i2=125.0#A\n",
-      "v1=8000.0#V\n",
-      "i3=800.0#A\n",
-      "d=0.03\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v1/(3**0.5*i3)\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "rd=d*vp\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=rd\n",
-      "ra=ira/il\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-ra**2)**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+il*xs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage regulation= 62.2972136768 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.25, Page Number:1435"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "i=600#A\n",
-      "v2=900#V\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "zs=v2/(3**0.5*i)\n",
-      "rp=r/2\n",
-      "re=rp*1.5\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-re**2)**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ira=il*rp\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e0=((vp+ira)**2+(ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg1=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf+ira)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "reg2=(e0-vp)/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1\",reg1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8\",reg2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=1 7.32796146323 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 23.8398862235 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.26, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "load1=11#KV\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x=5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "vt=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "e0=((vt*pf+ira)**2+(vt*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=solve(((pf*v+ira)**2+(sinphi*v-ixs)**2)**0.5-e0,v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v[1],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 6978.31767618569 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.27, Page Number:1436"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1200#KVA\n",
-      "load1=3.3#KV\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=35#A\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=1.1#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zs=v*1000/(3**0.5*i2)\n",
-      "xs=(zs**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v=load1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(3**0.5*load1*1000)\n",
-      "e=v+ia*zs\n",
-      "change=(e-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"per unit change=\",change"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "per unit change= 0.349909254054\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 151
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.28, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11#kV\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v2=12370#V\n",
-      "vt=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E0=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v2/3**0.5\n",
-      "pf=0\n",
-      "sinphi=1\n",
-      "xs=(v-(E0**2-(i*r)**2)**0.5)/i\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ira=il*r\n",
-      "ixs=il*xs\n",
-      "e0=((E0*pf+ira)**2+(E0*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-E0)*100/E0\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 19.6180576177 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.29, Page Number:1437"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vt=3500#v\n",
-      "load=2280#KW\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "r=8#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vl=vt/3**0.5\n",
-      "vp=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1*pf)\n",
-      "drop=vl-vp\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x=vl/(z+drop/il)\n",
-      "vtp=vl-x*drop/il\n",
-      "vtpl=vtp*3**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",vtpl,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 3420.781893 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.30, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.5#MVA\n",
-      "v=4160#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*10**6/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "zs=4750/(3**0.5*il)\n",
-      "ra=0\n",
-      "ixs=il*zs\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "e0=((vp*pf)**2+(vp*sinphi+ixs)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(e0-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(regn,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 91.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.31, Page Number:1441"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=20#A\n",
-      "i_f=37.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "eo=7600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(i_f**2+i*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "reg=(eo-v)*100/v\n",
-      "i=100*i_f/i_f1\n",
-      "zs=100*100/i\n",
-      "Eo=math.sqrt((100+zs*0.6)**2+(zs*pf)**2)\n",
-      "reg2=(Eo-100)*100/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation:\"\n",
-      "print \"by ampere turn method=\",reg,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"by synchronous impedence method=\",reg2,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation:\n",
-        "by ampere turn method= 15 %\n",
-        "by synchronous impedence method= 38.7243469779 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.32, Page Number:1442"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "V=v/math.sqrt(3)+(i*r**pf)\n",
-      "reg=(1555-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "reg2=(1080-(v/math.sqrt(3)))*100/(v/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 lagging:\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation when pf=0.8 leading:\",round(reg2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 lagging: 34.7 %\n",
-        "regulation when pf=0.8 leading: -6.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.33, Page Number:1443"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x_drop=0.1\n",
-      "r_drop=0.02\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "p=800000#VA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ir_drop=r_drop*vp\n",
-      "leakage=x_drop*vp\n",
-      "E=math.sqrt((vp*pf+ir_drop)**2+(vp*0.6+leakage)**2)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I=\",round(i),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I= 140.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.34, Page Number:1444"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i_f1=17#A\n",
-      "p=2000000.0#VA\n",
-      "i_f2=42.5#A\n",
-      "v=6000.0/math.sqrt(3)#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((v*pf)**2+(v*0.6+450)**2)\n",
-      "#corresponding i=26.5 A\n",
-      "#field amperes required for balancing armature reaction=14.5A\n",
-      "i_f=math.sqrt(26.5**2+14.5**2+2*26.5*14.4*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resulting field current=\",round(i_f,1),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resulting field current= 36.9 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.35, Page Number:1446"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "p=1000000#VA\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt((vp*pf+i*2)**2+(vp*0.6+p/1000)**2)\n",
-      "i1=math.sqrt(108**2+30**2+2*108*30*math.cos(math.radians(53.8)))\n",
-      "#corresponding emf=7700V\n",
-      "reg=(7700-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage regulation= 21.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.36, Page Number:1448"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "p=275000.0#W\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "stator_i=35.0#A\n",
-      "exciting_i=50.0#A\n",
-      "x=0.08\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x_drop=v*x/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ia=i*exciting_i/stator_i\n",
-      "ob=math.sqrt(vp**2+x_drop**2)\n",
-      "oc=59.8#field current corresponding tothe voltage\n",
-      "i_fl=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "ia2=exciting_i*i_fl/stator_i\n",
-      "ei=math.sqrt(ia2**2+oc**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Exciting current=\",round(ei),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Exciting current= 69.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.37, Page Number:1449"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=600000.0#VA\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "l_drop=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "amp_turns=1.06*i*200.0/8\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "x_drop=vp*l_drop/100\n",
-      "oa=1910.0#V\n",
-      "reg=(2242.0-oa)*100/oa\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 17.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.38, Page Number:1450"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=15000000#VA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=8400\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "xl=640/i\n",
-      "zs=(v1/math.sqrt(3))/i\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eo=7540\n",
-      "reg=(eo-vp)*100/vp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",round(reg,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 18.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.39, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "xd=0.7\n",
-      "xq=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(math.radians(36.9)+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"no load voltage=\",e0,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 14.4702941001 degrees\n",
-        "no load voltage= 1.51511515874 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.40, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "xd=0.6\n",
-      "xq=0.45\n",
-      "ra=0.015\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "v=1\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tanpsi=(v*sinphi+ia*xq)/(v*pf+ia*ra)\n",
-      "psi=math.atan(tanpsi)\n",
-      "delta=psi-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(psi)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(psi)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+iq*ra+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)*100/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"open circuit voltage=\",e0,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "open circuit voltage= 1.44767600311 V\n",
-        "regulation= 44.7676003107 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.41, Page Number:1455"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=10#A\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(20)\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "tandelta=ia*xq*pf/(v+ia*xq*sinphi)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan(tandelta)\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(phi+delta)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(phi+delta)\n",
-      "e0=v*math.cos(delta)+i_d*xd\n",
-      "regn=(e0-v)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"id=\",i_d,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iq=\",iq,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 8.23131209115 degrees\n",
-        "id= 4.7303232581 A\n",
-        "iq= 8.81045071911 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 189
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.42, Page Number:1459"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e1=220#V\n",
-      "f1=60#Hz\n",
-      "e2=222#V\n",
-      "f2=59#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "emax=(e1+e2)/2\n",
-      "emin=(e2-e1)/2\n",
-      "f=(f1-f2)\n",
-      "epeak=emax/0.707\n",
-      "pulse=(f1-f2)*60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max voltage=\",emax,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"min voltage=\",emin,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency=\",f,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"peak value of voltage=\",epeak,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"number of maximum light pulsations/minute=\",pulse"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max voltage= 221 V\n",
-        "min voltage= 1 V\n",
-        "frequency= 1 Hz\n",
-        "peak value of voltage= 312.588401697 V\n",
-        "number of maximum light pulsations/minute= 60\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.43, Page Number:1462"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=1500#kVA\n",
-      "v=6.6#kV\n",
-      "r=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x=6#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=power*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "ira=i*r\n",
-      "ixs=i*x\n",
-      "vp=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "tanphialpha=(vp*math.sin(phi)+ixs)/(vp*pf+ira)\n",
-      "phialpha=math.atan(tanphialpha)\n",
-      "alpha=phialpha-phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power angle= 7.87684146241\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 198
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.44, Page Number:1464"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#KVA\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v=3300#v\n",
-      "x=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "ixs=x*vp\n",
-      "xs=x*vp/i\n",
-      "alpha=1*p/2\n",
-      "psy=3*3.14*vp**2/(60*xs*n)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronizing power=\",psy,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tsy*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronizing power= 628.0 kW\n",
-        "torque= 5997.4 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.45, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3#MVA\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "v1=3.3#kV\n",
-      "r=0.25\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v1*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000000/(3**0.5*v1*1000)\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,r*vp)\n",
-      "xs=ixs/i\n",
-      "v=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(e0.imag/e0.real)-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p=6/2\n",
-      "psy=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(alpha)*math.sin(math.radians(3))/xs\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*3*psy*100/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",-psy*3/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"toque=\",-tsy/100,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 722.236196153j kW\n",
-        "toque= 6897.35567326j N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 221
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.46, Page Number:1465"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#KVA\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=1#%\n",
-      "x=15#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000)\n",
-      "vph=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ira=r*vph/1000\n",
-      "ra=ira/i\n",
-      "xs=x*vph/(100*i)\n",
-      "zs=(ra**2+xs**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "alpha=p/2\n",
-      "psy=math.radians(alpha)*vph**2/xs\n",
-      "#fl 0.8 pf\n",
-      "e=((vph*pf+i*ra)**2+(vph*math.sin(math.acos(pf)+i*xs))**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy2=math.radians(alpha)*e*vph/xs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous power at:\"\n",
-      "print \"no load=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf of 0.8=\",psy2,\"w\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous power at:\n",
-        "no load= 58177.6417331 W\n",
-        "at pf of 0.8= 73621.2350169 w\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.47, Page Number:1466"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=2000#KVA\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "v1=6000#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "r=6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(4)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v1)\n",
-      "e0=((v*pf)**2+(v*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i*r)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "psy=alpha*e0*v*3/r\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power=\",psy,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"synchronous torque=\",tsy,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power= 514916.500204 W\n",
-        "synchronous torque= 6556.60343593 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.48, Page Number:1467"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(3**0.5*v)\n",
-      "xs=r*vp/(1000*i)\n",
-      "p=120*f/n\n",
-      "alpha=math.radians(2)\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "psy=3*alpha*vp**2/(p*1000)\n",
-      "tsy=9.55*psy*1000/(n*2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8\n",
-      "v2=vp*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ixs=complex(0,i*4)\n",
-      "e0=v+ixs\n",
-      "psy2=abs(e0)*vp*math.cos(math.radians(8.1))*math.sin(math.radians(2))*3/4\n",
-      "tsy2=9.55*psy2/(n*20)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous power:\"\n",
-      "print \"atno load=\",psy,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"at 0.8 pf=\",psy2,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"torque:\"\n",
-      "print \"at no load=\",tsy,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8=\",tsy2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous power:\n",
-        "atno load= 872.664625997 w\n",
-        "at 0.8 pf= 1506057.44405 w\n",
-        "torque:\n",
-        "at no load= 2777.98239276 N-m\n",
-        "at pf=0.8= 479.428286357 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.49, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=6.6#kW\n",
-      "load1=3000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "xa=complex(0.5,10)\n",
-      "xb=complex(0.4,12)\n",
-      "i0=150#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=complex(load*1000/3**0.5,0)\n",
-      "cosphi1=1500*1000/(load*1000*i0*3**0.5)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(cosphi1)\n",
-      "sinphi1=math.sin(phi1)\n",
-      "i=328*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "i1=i0*complex(cosphi1,-sinphi1)\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "coshi2=i2.real/181\n",
-      "ea=v+i1*xa\n",
-      "eal=3**0.5*abs(ea)\n",
-      "eb=v+i2*xb\n",
-      "ebl=3**0.5*abs(eb)\n",
-      "alpha1=(ea.imag/ea.real)\n",
-      "alpha2=(eb.imag/eb.real)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Ea=\",ea,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha1=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha2=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Ea= (4602.91884998+1275.81974829j) V\n",
-        "Eb= (5352.42648271+1524.56032028j) V\n",
-        "alpha1= 15.8810288383 degrees\n",
-        "alpha2= 16.3198639435 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 245
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.50, Page Number:1468"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declration\n",
-      "e1=complex(230,0)\n",
-      "e2=230*complex(0.985,0.174)\n",
-      "z1=complex(0,2)\n",
-      "z2=complex(0,3)\n",
-      "z=6\n",
-      "i1=((e1-e2)*z+e1*z2)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i2=((e2-e1)*z+e2*z1)/(z*(z1+z2)+z1*z2)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*z\n",
-      "p1=abs(v)*abs(i1)*math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=abs(v)*abs(i2)*math.cos(math.atan(i2.imag/i2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power 1=\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power 2=\",p2,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= (222.905384615-28.5730769231j) V\n",
-        "current (37.1508974359-4.76217948718j) A\n",
-        "power 1= 3210.60292765 W\n",
-        "power 2= 5138.29001053 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 249
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.51, Page Number:1471"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1500#kW\n",
-      "v=11#KV\n",
-      "pf=0.867\n",
-      "x=50#ohm\n",
-      "r=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "iwatt=il*pf\n",
-      "iwattless=il*sinphi\n",
-      "i1=il/2\n",
-      "i2=iwatt/2\n",
-      "iw1=(i**2-i1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw2=i2-iw1\n",
-      "ia=(i2**2+iw2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "vt=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "ir=i*r\n",
-      "ix=x*i\n",
-      "cosphi=i2/i\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "e=((vt*cosphi+ir)**2+(vt*sinphi+ix)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "el=3**0.5*e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"line voltage=\",el,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 43.4628778514 A\n",
-        "line voltage= 14304.0798593 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.52, Page Number:1472"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#MW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=6000#kW\n",
-      "pfa=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phia=math.acos(pfa)\n",
-      "tanphi=math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "tanphia=math.tan(phia)\n",
-      "loadkvar=load*1000*tanphi\n",
-      "akvar=output*tanphia\n",
-      "kwb=(load*1000-output)\n",
-      "kvarb=loadkvar-akvar\n",
-      "kvab=complex(kwb,kvarb)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(math.atan(kvab.imag/kvab.real))\n",
-      "kvarb=kwb*pfb\n",
-      "kvara=-loadkvar-kvarb\n",
-      "kvaa=complex(output,kvara)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(math.atan(kvaa.imag/kvaa.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new pfb=\",pfb\n",
-      "print \"new pfa=\",pfa"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new pfb= 0.628980253433\n",
-        "new pfa= 0.513894032194\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.54, Page Number:1473"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "load=1000#KVA\n",
-      "x=20#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=87.5\n",
-      "x=8.7\n",
-      "vp=3810\n",
-      "e0=4311\n",
-      "ir=70\n",
-      "ix=52.5\n",
-      "IX=762\n",
-      "vb1=(e0**2-vp**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1x=vb1\n",
-      "i1=i1x/x\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*v*i1/1000\n",
-      "b2v=(vp**2+e0**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2z=b2v\n",
-      "i2=b2v/x\n",
-      "i2rx=e0\n",
-      "i2r=i2rx/x\n",
-      "i2x=vp/x\n",
-      "tanphi2=i2x/i2r\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(tanphi2)\n",
-      "cosphi2=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "output1=3**0.5*v*i2*cosphi2/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output at unity pf=\",output,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output1,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " power output at unity pf= 2650.38477722 kW\n",
-        "max power output= 5664.52285143 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 255
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.55, Page Number:1474"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=220.0#A\n",
-      "load=11.0#kV\n",
-      "per=25.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "oa1=load*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "a1c1=i*x\n",
-      "e0=(oa1**2+a1c1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "emf=(1+per/100)*e0\n",
-      "a1a2=(emf**2-a1c1**2)**0.5-oa1\n",
-      "ix=a1a2/x\n",
-      "i1=(i**2+ix**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=i/i1\n",
-      "bv=(oa1**2+emf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "imax=bv/x\n",
-      "ir=emf/x\n",
-      "ix=oa1/x\n",
-      "pfmax=ir/imax\n",
-      "output=3**0.5*load*1000*imax*pfmax*0.001\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"max power output=\",output,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new current= 281.573453399 A\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.781323655849\n",
-        "max power output= 16006.7954319 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 258
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.56, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#MVA\n",
-      "load1=35.0#MVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "output=25.0#MVA\n",
-      "cosphi1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loadmw=load1*pf\n",
-      "loadmvar=load1*0.6\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi))\n",
-      "mva1=25\n",
-      "mw1=mva1*cosphi1\n",
-      "mvar1=25*sinphi1\n",
-      "mw2=loadmw-mw1\n",
-      "mvar2=loadmvar-mvar1\n",
-      "mva2=(mw2**2+mvar2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cosphi2=mw2/mva2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",mva2\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 10.4509862952\n",
-        "pf= 0.52626611926\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 260
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.57, Page Number:1475"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "load=600#KW\n",
-      "loadm=707#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "output=900#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kva=1000\n",
-      "kvar=kva*(1-pf1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "active_p=1307-output\n",
-      "reactive_p=loadm-kvar\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"active power shared by second machine=\",active_p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"reactive power shared by second machine=\",reactive_p,\"kVAR\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "active power shared by second machine= 407 kW\n",
-        "reactive power shared by second machine= 271.110105646 kVAR\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.58, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l1=500#kW\n",
-      "l2=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.9\n",
-      "l3=800#kW\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "l4=500#kW\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "output=1500#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.95\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "kw1=l1\n",
-      "kw2=l2\n",
-      "kw3=l3\n",
-      "kw4=500\n",
-      "kvar2=kw2*0.436/pf1\n",
-      "kvar3=kw3*0.6/pf2\n",
-      "kvar4=kw4*0.436/pf3\n",
-      "kvar=output/pf\n",
-      "kw=kw1+kw2+kw3+kw4-output\n",
-      "kvar=kvar2+kvar3+kvar4-kvar\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(math.atan(kvar/kw))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW output=\",kw\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kW output= 1300\n",
-        "pf= 0.981685651341\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 264
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.59, Page Number:1476"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,2)\n",
-      "ze=complex(3,4)\n",
-      "emf1=complex(2000,0)\n",
-      "emf2=complex(22000,100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=complex(68.2,-102.5)\n",
-      "i2=complex(127,-196.4)\n",
-      "i=i1+i2\n",
-      "v=i*ze\n",
-      "pva1=v*i1\n",
-      "kw1=pva1.real*3\n",
-      "a11=math.atan(-i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "a12=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(a11-a12)\n",
-      "pva2=v*i2\n",
-      "kw2=pva2.real*3\n",
-      "a21=math.atan(-i2.imag/i2.real)\n",
-      "a22=math.atan(-v.imag/v.real)\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(a21-a22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kw output 1=\",kw1/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 1=\",pf1\n",
-      "print \"kw output 2=\",kw2/1000\n",
-      "print \"pf 2=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kw output 1= 328.79427\n",
-        "pf 1= 0.606839673468\n",
-        "kw output 2= 610.34892\n",
-        "pf 2= 0.596381892841\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 273
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.63, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5000#KVA\n",
-      "v=10000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500#rpm\n",
-      "j=1.5*10**4#khm2\n",
-      "ratio=5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"natural time period of oscillation=\",round(t,3),\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "natural time period of oscillation= 1.364 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.64, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10000#KVA\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "xs=25#%\n",
-      "pf=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=100/xs\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "j=(pf/(0.0083*ns))**2*load*ratio*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"moment of inertia=\",j/1000,\"x10^4 kg-m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "moment of inertia= 29.0317898098 x10^4 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 277
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.65, Page Number:1481"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#MVA\n",
-      "v=10.0#kV\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "ns=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "j=2.0*10**5#kgm2\n",
-      "x=40.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=100.0/x\n",
-      "t=0.0083*ns*(j/(load*1000*ratio*f))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of oscillation of the rotor=\",round(1/t,1),\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of oscillation of the rotor= 0.2 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 283
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.66, Page Number:1483"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "z=complex(1,10)\n",
-      "emf=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=emf*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "v=v*1000/3**0.5\n",
-      "costheta=z.real/abs(z)\n",
-      "pmax=e*v*3/(z.imag*1000)\n",
-      "pmax_per_phase=(v/abs(z))*(e-(v/abs(z)))*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"max output =\",pmax_per_phase/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "max output = 14125.5529273 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 285
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 37.67, Page Number:1484"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=11#kVA\n",
-      "load1=10#MW\n",
-      "z=complex(0.8,8.0)\n",
-      "v=14#kV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pmax=(load*1000/3**0.5)*(v*1000/3**0.5)*3/z.imag\n",
-      "imax=((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5/z.imag\n",
-      "pf=(v/3**0.5)*1000/((v*1000/3**0.5)**2+(load*1000/3**0.5)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum output=\",pmax/1000000,\"MW\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",imax,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum output= 19.25 MW\n",
-        "current= 1284.92866209 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.786318338822\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 289
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_VZgSOpH.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_VZgSOpH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95eb9b1e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_VZgSOpH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,391 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:cd727f10a4caede23f6dcd22be7261834b049d15aeb309766271ec0c03a024c2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 36: Single-Phase Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.1, Page Number:1374"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=60\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "xo=xm+x2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zf=(((r2/s)*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jf=(((r2/s)*(r2/s)+(x2*xo))/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jf=math.degrees(math.atan(jf/zf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zb=(((r2/(2-s))*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jb=(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s))+(x2*xo))/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jb=math.degrees(math.atan(jb/zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zb\n",
-      "j01=jf+jb+J1\n",
-      "J01=math.degrees(math.atan(j01/z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zb\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "output=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output = \",output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output =  206.798750547\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.2, Page Number:1375"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=185\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "Xo=53.5\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "cl=3.5#core loss\n",
-      "fl=13.5#friction loss\n",
-      "vf=(82.5/100)*v\n",
-      "ic=(cl*100)/vf\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "rc=vf/ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 1\n",
-      "c=1/rc #conductance of corebranch\n",
-      "s=-(1/xm)#susceptance\n",
-      "a1=(r2/s)/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance\n",
-      "a1j=-x2/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance j\n",
-      "yf=c+a1\n",
-      "yfj=s+a1j\n",
-      "zf=(yf*yf)+(yfj*yfj)\n",
-      "zfr=yf/zf\n",
-      "zfj=yfj/zf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 2\n",
-      "a2=(r2/2-s)/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "a2j=-x2/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "yb=yf+a2\n",
-      "ybj=yfj+a2j\n",
-      "zb1=(yb*yb)+(ybj*ybj)\n",
-      "zbr=yb/zb1\n",
-      "zbj=ybj/zb1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zbr\n",
-      "z01j=J1+zfj+zbj\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zbr\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "watt=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "net_output=watt-fl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net output = \",net_output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net output =  -446.423232085\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.3, Page Number:1376"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=250\n",
-      "v=230\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "zm=4.5\n",
-      "zmj=3.7\n",
-      "za=9.5\n",
-      "zaj=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zma=math.degrees(math.atan(zmj/zm))\n",
-      "ialeadv=90-zma\n",
-      "x=za*(math.tan(math.radians(ialeadv)))\n",
-      "xc=x+zaj\n",
-      "c=1000000/(xc*2*50*3.14)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"C= \",c,\" uf\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C=  211.551875951  uf\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.4, Page Number:1393"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p=250\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "ra=20\n",
-      "la=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "#ac\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*la\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "nac=(ebac*ndc)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "pmech=ebac*ia\n",
-      "T=(pmech*9.55)/nac\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque= \",T,\" N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1606.22922133  rpm\n",
-        "Torque=  0.955  N-m\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.821013282424  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.5, Page Number:1394"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=30\n",
-      "l=0.5\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "idc=0.8\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "ia=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-      "ra=r\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(r*idc)\n",
-      "nac=(ndc*ebac)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1700.52062383  rpm\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.864635321971  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.6, Page Number:1396"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "w=8\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "v2=205\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "ns=(120*f)/pole\n",
-      "tsh=(9.55*w*1000)/ns\n",
-      "alpha=0.5*(math.degrees(math.asin((v*v*math.sin(math.radians(2*a)))/(v2*v2))))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V = \",alpha,\" degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V =  42.9327261097  degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_Yj265eH.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_Yj265eH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 894eff9f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_Yj265eH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:9895a0f3fc78aa13cc793dfc60b4d616a3af11e4983465d122ac29be7197893e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 25: Elements of Electro-Mechanical Energy Conversion"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.1, Page Number:876"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sod=15#stator-core outer diameter\n",
-      "sid=10.05#stator-core inner diameter\n",
-      "rod=10.00#rotor-core outer diameter\n",
-      "rid=5#rotor-core inner diameter\n",
-      "a=8#axial lenght of the machine\n",
-      "b=1.20\n",
-      "ur=1000\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=(3.14/4)*((sod*sod)-(sid*sid))*a#volume of stator-core\n",
-      "vr=(3.14/4)*((rod*rod)-(rid*rid))*a#volume of rotor-core\n",
-      "va=(3.14/4)*((sid*sid)-(rod*rod))*a#volume of air-gap in the machine\n",
-      "ed=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7))\n",
-      "e=ed*va*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "edm=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)*ur)\n",
-      "es=edm*vs*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "er=edm*vr*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "kr=(vs+vr)/vs\n",
-      "ke=(es+er)/e\n",
-      "ratio=kr/ke\n",
-      "eratio=e/(es+er)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in air gap= \",e,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in stator-core= \",round(es,2),\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in rotor core= \",er,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores=\",round(eratio)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Energy stored in air gap=  3.609  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in stator-core=  0.45  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in rotor core=  0.27  Joules\n",
-        "Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores= 5.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.2, Page Number:877"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#turns\n",
-      "area=5*5#cross sectional area\n",
-      "i=1.25#amp\n",
-      "x=0.25#cm\n",
-      "l=0.402\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p=4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)/(0.5*10**(-2))\n",
-      "l=n**2*p\n",
-      "em=.5*i*i*l\n",
-      "W=-1*0.5*n**2*4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)*i**2/(0.5*10**(-2))**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)coil inductance=\",l,\"H\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)field energy stored=\",em,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)mechanical energy output=\",W,\"NW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)coil inductance= 0.40192 H\n",
-        "  ii)field energy stored= 0.314 J\n",
-        "b)mechanical energy output= -62.8 NW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.4, Page Number:882"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "lo=50#mH\n",
-      "xo=0.05#cm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.075#cm\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "x2=0.15#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "l1=2*lo/(1+(x/xo))\n",
-      "lambda1=l1*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "W=0.5*l1*i2**2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "l2=2*lo/(1+(x2/xo))\n",
-      "lambda2=l2*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "w2=0.5*i2*(lambda1-lambda2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",W,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic stored energy=\",w2,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.5, Page Number:883"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rc=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=3#V\n",
-      "i=6#A\n",
-      "l1=40#mH\n",
-      "l2=25#mH\n",
-      "wfld=0.5*l2*i*i*0.001\n",
-      "delE=0.5*i*i*0.001*(l1-l2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",wfld,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic store energy=\",delE,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)magnetic stored energy= 0.45 J\n",
-        "b)change in magnetic store energy= 0.27 J\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ZDKRJ4L.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ZDKRJ4L.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f35c124e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ZDKRJ4L.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1233 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:fc88e8a107629d62ff7c77f84f67a9d9da67e1160053ed6d930ef88cb4cc11d6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 27: Armature Reaction and Commutation"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.1, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=722\n",
-      "ia=100.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=8.0#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 802.222222222\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 3710.27777778\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.2, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=1280\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "commuter=160\n",
-      "advanced_segments=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/8\n",
-      "theta_m=advanced_segments*360/commuter\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 800.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1200.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(a), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=880\n",
-      "ia=120.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=3.0#degrees\n",
-      "n=1100#tturns/pole\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "iadditional=(atd_perpole/n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"b)cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"c)additional field current=\",iadditional,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)armature demagnetization= 440.0 AT\n",
-        "b)cross-magnetization= 6160.0 AT\n",
-        "c)additional field current= 0.4 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(b), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=480\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0*2#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/4\n",
-      "total=(z*i)/(2*p)\n",
-      "atd_perpole=total*(2*theta_m/180)\n",
-      "atc_perpole=total*(1-(2*theta_m/180))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 500.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1750.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.4, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=492\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0\n",
-      "ia=143.0+10.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=ia/2#wave wound\n",
-      "i2=ia/4#lap wound\n",
-      "atd_perpole1=z*i1*theta_m/360#wave wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt1=atd_perpole1/theta_m\n",
-      "atd_perpole2=z*i2*(theta_m/360.0)#lap wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt2=atd_perpole2/theta_m\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"wave wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole1,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt1)\n",
-      "print \"lap wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole2,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "wave wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 1045.5 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 104\n",
-        "lap wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 522.75 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 52\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.5, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "p=50*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "z=400\n",
-      "commuter=4\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "segments=z/a\n",
-      "theta=pole*360.0/segments\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360)\n",
-      "extra=atd/ish\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"demagnetisation=\",atd,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt turns/poles\",extra"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "demagnetisation= 820.0 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt turns/poles 164.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.6, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "theta=10.0#degrees\n",
-      "lambda_=1.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*p))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "atd=z*i*theta/360\n",
-      "extra=lambda_*atd/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)cross magnetization ampere-turns=\",atc\n",
-      "print \"ii)back ampere-turns\",atd\n",
-      "print \"iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns\",int(extra)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)cross magnetization ampere-turns= 2777.77777778\n",
-        "ii)back ampere-turns 1388.88888889\n",
-        "iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns 9\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.7, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=22.38#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "z=840\n",
-      "commutator=140\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ish=1.8#A\n",
-      "back=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=p*1000.0/efficiency\n",
-      "input_i=motor_input/v\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2.0\n",
-      "theta=back*360/commutator\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360.0)\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*pole))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole=\",atd\n",
-      "print \"distorting amp-turns/pole=\",atc"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole= 251.998140496\n",
-        "distorting amp-turns/pole= 2687.98016529\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.8, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ia=1000#A\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "z=860\n",
-      "per=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "at=per/p*z*(i/2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"AT/pole for compensation winding=\",at"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "AT/pole for compensation winding= 3010.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.9, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "segment=123\n",
-      "wb=3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=n/60.0*segment\n",
-      "commutation=wb/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commutation time=\",commutation*1000,\"millisecond\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commutation time= 1.82926829268 millisecond\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.10, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "d=30#cm\n",
-      "ia=150#A\n",
-      "wb=1.25#cm\n",
-      "L=0.07*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "v=3.14*d*(n/60)\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 19.782 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.11, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "segments=55\n",
-      "n=900\n",
-      "wb=1.74\n",
-      "L=153*math.pow(10,-6)#H\n",
-      "i=27#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=segments*n/60\n",
-      "Tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/Tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 3.91732758621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.12, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "z=64\n",
-      "wb=1.2\n",
-      "L=0.05#mH\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "L=L*0.001\n",
-      "v=n/60*z\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "#i.linear\n",
-      "E1=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "#ii.sinusoidal\n",
-      "E2=1.11*E1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Linear commutation,E=\",E1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Sinosoidal commutation,E=\",E2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Linear commutation,E= 5.0 V\n",
-        "Sinosoidal commutation,E= 5.55 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.13, Page Number:951"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "B=0.5#Wb/m2\n",
-      "Ig=4.0#mm\n",
-      "ia=500.0#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "arm_mmf=z*(ia/p)/(2*p)\n",
-      "compole=int(B*Ig*0.001/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)))\n",
-      "mag=0.1*compole\n",
-      "total_compole=int(compole+mag)\n",
-      "total_mmf=arm_mmf+total_compole\n",
-      "Ncp=total_mmf/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of turns on each commutating pole=\",int(Ncp)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of turns on each commutating pole= 11\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.14, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p1=100.0#kW\n",
-      "V1=250#V\n",
-      "p2=300.0#kW\n",
-      "V2=250#V\n",
-      "i1=200#A\n",
-      "i2=500#A\n",
-      "il=600#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "delI1=p1/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "delI2=p2/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load=\",delI1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load=\",delI2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load= 150.0 A\n",
-        "Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load= 450.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 92
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.15, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v_nl1=270#V\n",
-      "v_l=220#V\n",
-      "il1=35#A\n",
-      "v_nl2=280#V\n",
-      "il2=50#A\n",
-      "il=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v_nl1-v_l\n",
-      "vd_pa=vd1/il1#voltage drop per ampere\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd_pa2=(v_nl2-v_l)/il2\n",
-      "#270=(10/7)i1=280-1.2*i2\n",
-      "ans=solve([4.2*i2-5*i1-35,i1+i2-60],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v_nl2-vd_pa2*ans[i2]\n",
-      "o1=v*ans[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=v*ans[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output current of first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1)\n",
-      "print \"output current of second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1)\n",
-      "print \"output of first machine=\",round(o1,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second machine=\",round(o2,1),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output current of first machine= 23.6\n",
-        "output current of second machine= 36.4\n",
-        "output of first machine= 5.7 kW\n",
-        "output of second machine= 8.9 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.16, Page Number:958"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rf=20#ohm\n",
-      "i=4000#A\n",
-      "v1=210#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#V+(i1+v/20)*0.01=210\n",
-      "#V+(i2+v/20)*0.01=220\n",
-      "#solving the above two equations we have i1-i2=1000\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1-i2-1000,i1+i2-4000],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=solve([v1-(ans[i1]+v/20)*0.01-v],[v])\n",
-      "o1=V[v]*ans[i1]/1000\n",
-      "o2=V[v]*ans[i2]/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",V[v],\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"output of first generator=\",o1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second generator=\",o2,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Bus bar voltage= 184.907546226887 V\n",
-        "output of first generator= 462.268865567216 kW\n",
-        "output of second generator= 277.361319340330 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.17, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "i=250.0#A\n",
-      "v1=50.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=100.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.06\n",
-      "r2=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v*r1\n",
-      "il1=v1*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d1=vd1/il1\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd2=v*r2\n",
-      "il2=v2*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d2=vd2/il2\n",
-      "#3i1/10=i2/10\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1+i2-i,3*i1-i2],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v-(3*ans[i1]/10)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(v,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to first machine= 62.5 A\n",
-        "current delivered to second machine= 187.5 A\n",
-        "terminal voltage= 481.3 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.18, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x1=Symbol('x1')\n",
-      "x2=Symbol('x2')\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "w1=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=119.0#V\n",
-      "w2=200.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=116.0#V\n",
-      "i=3500.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-119)(x1/100)] for generator 1\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-116)(x2/100)] for generator 2\n",
-      "#(250x1*1000/100)+(200x2*1000/100)=v*3500\n",
-      "#v=125-6x1/100\n",
-      "ans=solve([(250.0*x1*1000.0/100.0)+(200.0*(2.0*x1*1000.0)/300.0)-((125.0-((6.0*x1)/100.0))*3500.0)],[x1])\n",
-      "V=v-(6.0*ans[x1]/100.0)\n",
-      "ans2=solve([V-(v-((v-v2)*(x2/100.0)))],[x2])\n",
-      "ratio=ans[x1]/ans2[x2]\n",
-      "I=solve([ratio-((i1*w2)/(i2*w1)),i1+i2-i],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(I[i1],0),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(I[i2],0),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 2283.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 1217.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.19, Page Number:960"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "IA=Symbol('IA')\n",
-      "IB=Symbol('IB')\n",
-      "va1=240.0#V\n",
-      "va2=220.0#v\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "vb1=245.0#V\n",
-      "vb2=220.0#V\n",
-      "ib=150.0#A\n",
-      "i=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=solve([(va1-((va1-va2)*IA/ia))-(vb1-((vb1-vb2)*IB/ib)),IA+IB-i],[IA,IB])\n",
-      "vbus=va1-((va1-va2)*I[IA]/ia)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",round(I[IA],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",round(I[IB],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"V bus=\",round(vbus,2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 168.75 A\n",
-        "IB= 131.25 A\n",
-        "V bus= 223.13 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.20, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "n=5.0#number ofshunt generators\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "incr=0.04#increase in current\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=p/n\n",
-      "o=load*1000.0/v\n",
-      "a_drop=ra*o\n",
-      "emf=v+a_drop\n",
-      "incr=incr*emf\n",
-      "emf1=emf+incr\n",
-      "#emf1-ra*i1=V\n",
-      "#emf-ra*i2=V\n",
-      "I=solve([emf1-emf-ra*(i1-i2),i1+4.1*i2-510],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=I[i1]+4.0*I[i2]#V=i1+4*i2\n",
-      "o1=V*I[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=V*I[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power output of first machine=\",round(o1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output of second machine=\",round(o2,2),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage=\",round(V),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power output of first machine= 133.0 kW\n",
-        "Power output of second machine= 30.24 kW\n",
-        "Terminal voltage= 504.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.21, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "i=1500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "emf1=400.0#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "emf2=440.0#V\n",
-      "rs1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs2=80.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#i2=1500-i1\n",
-      "#ish1=v/100, ish2=v/80\n",
-      "#ia1=i1+v/100, ia2=i2+v/80\n",
-      "ans=solve([(0.5/0.04)-((emf1-1.005*V)/(1.0005*V-380))],[V])\n",
-      "i1=(emf1-1.005*ans[V])/0.5\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "o1=ans[V]*i1/1000\n",
-      "o2=ans[V]*i2/1000\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage=\",round(ans[V],2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 33.86 A\n",
-        "I2= 1466.14 A\n",
-        "Terminal Voltage= 381.16 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.22, Page Number:962"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v1=250#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "rf1=100#ohm\n",
-      "v2=248#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "rf2=100#ohm\n",
-      "i=40#A\n",
-      "ir=0.172#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([V+((I+V/rf1)*ra1)-v1,V+((I+V/rf2)*ra2)-v2],[I,V])\n",
-      "ib=i-2*ans[I]\n",
-      "vd=ib*ir\n",
-      "eb=ans[V]+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf of battery=\",round(eb),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of battery= 248.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.23, Page Number:963"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=400#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "vb=410#V\n",
-      "rb=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "V=390#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loada=(va-V)/ra\n",
-      "loadb=(vb-V)/rb\n",
-      "pa=loada*V\n",
-      "pb=loadb*V\n",
-      "net_v=vb-va\n",
-      "total_r=ra+rb\n",
-      "i=net_v/total_r\n",
-      "terminal_v=va+(i*ra)\n",
-      "power_AtoB=terminal_v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",terminal_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power=\",power_AtoB,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 15.3846153846 A\n",
-        "Voltage= 403.846153846 V\n",
-        "Power= 6213.01775148 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.24, Page Number:964"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "i=500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "ra2=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "sw1=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "sw2=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "e1=240.0#V\n",
-      "e2=244.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "V=solve([(((e1-v)/ra1)+((e2-v)/ra2)-i)],[v])\n",
-      "i1=(e1-V[v])/ra1\n",
-      "i2=(e2-V[v])/ra2\n",
-      "#ratio of series winding (1/0.004):(1/0.0006) or 3:2\n",
-      "is1=i*3/5\n",
-      "is2=i*2/5\n",
-      "vbus=V[v]-(is1*sw1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current in series winding:\"\n",
-      "print \"generator A=\",round(is1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"generator B=\",round(is2),\"B\"\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",round(vbus,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 200.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 300.0 A\n",
-        "Current in series winding:\n",
-        "generator A= 300.0 A\n",
-        "generator B= 200.0 B\n",
-        "Bus bar voltage= 236.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ZyyCtEx.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ZyyCtEx.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e889465f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ZyyCtEx.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:c262c33cbbcf1d1756b9358f8cf1d8ed92f53825858905e2598fd8e15870c7ca"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 39: Special Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.1, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "p=8.0 #number of poles\n",
-      "tp=5.0 #number of teeth for each pole\n",
-      "nr=50.0 #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=p*tp #number of stator teeth\n",
-      "B=((nr-ns)*360)/(nr*ns) #stepping angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stepping angle is \",B,\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stepping angle is  1.8 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.2, Page Number:1537"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=2.5\n",
-      "rn=25\n",
-      "f=3600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=360/B\n",
-      "s=r*rn\n",
-      "n=(B*f)/360\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resolution =\",int(r),\"steps/revolution\"\n",
-      "print \" Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions =\",int(s)\n",
-      "print \" Shaft speed\", int(n),\"rps\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " Resolution = 144 steps/revolution\n",
-        "Number of steps required for the shaft to make 25 revolutions = 3600\n",
-        "Shaft speed 25 rps\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.3, Page Number:1544"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=15 #stepping angle\n",
-      "pn=3 #number of phases\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#number of stator teeth\n",
-      "ns1=((360*nr)/(360-(nr*B))) #ns>nr\n",
-      "ns2=((360*nr)/(360+(nr*B))) #nr>ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"When ns>nr: ns= \",ns1\n",
-      "print \"When nr>ns: ns= \",ns2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "When ns>nr: ns=  12\n",
-        "When nr>ns: ns=  6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.4, Page Number:1545"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "B=1.8\n",
-      "pn=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "nr=360/(pn*B) #number of rotor teeth\n",
-      "ns=nr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of rotor teeth = \",int(nr)\n",
-      "print \"Number of statot teeth = \",int(ns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of rotor teeth =  50.0\n",
-        "Number of statot teeth =  50.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 39.5, Page Number:1555"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=40\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a) For a=40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=(-40)\n",
-      "e2=er*math.cos(math.radians(a))\n",
-      "e1=er*math.cos(math.radians(a-120))\n",
-      "e3=er*math.cos(math.radians(a+120))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"b) For a=-40 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e2s=\" ,e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e1s=\" ,e1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e3s=\" ,e3,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "e12=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-150))\n",
-      "e23=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a-30))\n",
-      "e31=math.sqrt(3)*er*math.cos(math.radians(a+90))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"c) For a=30 degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"   e12=\" ,e12,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e23=\" ,e23,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"   e31=\" ,e31,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a) For a=40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "   e3s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "b) For a=-40 degrees\n",
-        "   e2s= 15.3208888624 V\n",
-        "   e1s= -18.7938524157 V\n",
-        "   e3s= 3.47296355334 V\n",
-        "c) For a=30 degrees\n",
-        "   e12= -17.3205080757 V\n",
-        "   e23= 34.6410161514 V\n",
-        "   e31= -17.3205080757 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_dGjHrPW.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_dGjHrPW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0690f646..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_dGjHrPW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1741 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:e71bef33b0871199556c73182ec6cd28497a9d9d16612973a23ee2cceda4b35b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 26: D.C. Generators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.3, Page Number:912"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=450#A\n",
-      "v=230#v\n",
-      "rs=50#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.03#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+va\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f. generated in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f. generated in the armature=  243.62  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.4, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#v\n",
-      "rs=250#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vs=ia*rseries\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "vb=ish*b\n",
-      "E=v+va+vs+vb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  506.16  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.5, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "v=220#v\n",
-      "rs=200#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=i*rseries\n",
-      "vshunt=v+vs\n",
-      "ish=vshunt/v\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vb=b*2\n",
-      "E=v+vs+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  232.552045455  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.6, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": true,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#v\n",
-      "i=150.0#A\n",
-      "rs=92.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.03#ohm(divertor)\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rd*rseries)/(rd+rseries)\n",
-      "tr=ra+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "Eg=v+vd\n",
-      "tp=Eg*ia\n",
-      "pl=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*sdr)+(v*ish)+(v*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resuts\n",
-      "print \"i) Induced e.m.f.= \",Eg,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)Total power generated= \",tp,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)Distribution of the total power:\"\n",
-      "print \" power lost in armature=                \", ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "print \"power lost in series field and divider= \", ia*ia*sdr\n",
-      "print \"power dissipated in shunt winding=      \", v*ish\n",
-      "print \"power delivered to load=                \", v*i\n",
-      "print \"                                         ------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Total=                                  \", pl"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) Induced e.m.f.=  236.405  V\n",
-        "ii)Total power generated=  36051.7625  W\n",
-        "iii)Distribution of the total power:\n",
-        " power lost in armature=                 744.2\n",
-        "power lost in series field and divider=  232.5625\n",
-        "power dissipated in shunt winding=       575.0\n",
-        "power delivered to load=                 34500.0\n",
-        "                                         ------------\n",
-        "Total=                                   36051.7625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.7, Page Number:914"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=300000.0#w\n",
-      "v=600.0#v\n",
-      "sr=75.0#ohm\n",
-      "abr=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "cr=0.011#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "dr=0.036#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "io=p/v#output current\n",
-      "ish=v/sr\n",
-      "ia=io+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rseries*dr)/(rseries+dr)\n",
-      "tr=abr+cr+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "va=v+vd\n",
-      "pg=va*ia\n",
-      "W=pg/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generatedby the armature= \",va,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power generated by the armature= \",W, \"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generatedby the armature=  625.4  V\n",
-        "Power generated by the armature=  317.7032 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.8, Page Number:915"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=7*math.pow(10,-3)\n",
-      "z=51*20\n",
-      "a=p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#r.p.m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=(phi*z*n*p)/(a*60)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generated= \",Eg,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generated=  178.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.9, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=8\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "N=500#armature conductor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=phi*(n/60)*(p/a)*N\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f generated= \",E,\" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f generated=  500.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.10, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=127#v\n",
-      "vt=120#v(terminal voltage)\n",
-      "r=15#ohms\n",
-      "i1=8.47#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohms\n",
-      "fi=8#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=v+(i1*ra)\n",
-      "ia=(Eg-vt)/ra\n",
-      "il=ia-fi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current \",il,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current  350.47  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(a), Page Number:917"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=778\n",
-      "n=500\n",
-      "ra=0.24\n",
-      "rl=12.5\n",
-      "r=250\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "si=v/r\n",
-      "ai=il+si\n",
-      "emf=v+(ai*ra)\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ai,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",emf,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",round(phi*1000,2),\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  21.0  A\n",
-        "induced e.m.f.=  255.04  V\n",
-        "flux per pole=  9.83  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(b), Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "P=5000.0#w\n",
-      "P2=2500.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=120\n",
-      "N=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "gc=P/v\n",
-      "li=P2/v\n",
-      "ti=gc+li\n",
-      "fc=1\n",
-      "ai=ti+fc\n",
-      "ard=ai*ra\n",
-      "emf=v+ard+2\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*N)\n",
-      "ac_perparralelpath=ai/p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current per parallel path= \",ac_perparralelpath,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Flux per pole=  129.1  mWb\n",
-        "Armature current per parallel path=  7.75  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.12, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2.0#V(brush drop)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "R=v/i\n",
-      "E1=v+(i*ra)+bd\n",
-      "E2=(E1*n2)/n1\n",
-      "il=(E2-bd)/0.675\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.= \",round(il,2),\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.=  157.04  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.13, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=900 #rpm\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "E=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "phi=10#mWb\n",
-      "N=8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(E-V)/ra\n",
-      "Z=(E*600*2)/(phi*math.pow(10,-3)*n*p)\n",
-      "#since there ae 8 turns in a coil,it means there are 16 active conductor\n",
-      "number_of_coils=Z/16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"number of coils= \",number_of_coils"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  100.0  A\n",
-        "number of coils=  500.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.14, Page Number:919"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=120.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rs=25#ohm\n",
-      "rsw=0.04#ohm(series winding)\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "#i)Long shunt\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#i)Short shunt\n",
-      "vds=il*rsw\n",
-      "vs=V+vds\n",
-      "ish=vs/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt=  130.48  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt= 104.8  A\n",
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt=  130.496  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt= 104.96  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.15, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=25000.0#W\n",
-      "V=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=1.0#V\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/V\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "vds=ia*rseries\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "vdb=vb*2\n",
-      "E=V+vds+vda+vdb\n",
-      "Z=(E*60*4)/(phi*n*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"The e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"The number of conductors=\",Z"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The e.m.f. generated=  505.675  V\n",
-        "The number of conductors= 1264.1875\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.16, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "e=240.0#V\n",
-      "z=792\n",
-      "phi=0.0145#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi_working=(e*60*2)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "lambda_=phi/phi_working\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Leakage coefficient= \",round(lambda_,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Leakage coefficient=  1.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.17, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rt=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "rtotal=t*rt\n",
-      "r_eachpath=rtotal/p\n",
-      "ra=r_eachpath/a\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "V=E-vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage= \",V, \" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal Voltage=  459.25  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.18, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rturn=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rsc=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ra=0.055#ohm\n",
-      "ra=ra+rsc\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "v=E-va\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "i=ia-ish\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output= \",round(output/1000,3),\" kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output=  20.813  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.19, Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "v=125#V\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E1=v+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "E2=E1*n2/n1*0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%=\",E2,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%= 90.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(a), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=378\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "rl=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "V=(100.0/111.0)*E\n",
-      "il=V/rl\n",
-      "P=il*V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power absorbed by the load is= \",P,\" W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power absorbed by the load is=  5154.12710007  W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(b), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=300\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#rpm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "il=90#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ifield=E/rf\n",
-      "ia=ifield+il\n",
-      "V=E-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage= \",V,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal voltage=  481.2  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(a), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "e=250.0#V\n",
-      "d=350.0#mm\n",
-      "air_gap=3.0#mm\n",
-      "al=260.0#mm\n",
-      "fringing=0.8\n",
-      "coils=96\n",
-      "t=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=t*coils*2\n",
-      "a=p*2\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "di=d+air_gap\n",
-      "pole_arc=(3.14*di*fringing)/6\n",
-      "B=phi/(pole_arc*0.000001*al)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi,\" Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"effective pole arc lenght= \",pole_arc*0.001,\" m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux density= \",B,\" T\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  0.0434027777778  Wb\n",
-        "effective pole arc lenght=  0.147789333333  m\n",
-        "flux density=  1.12953862717  T\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(b), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "e=250.0#v\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "b=35.0#cm\n",
-      "ratio=0.7\n",
-      "lpole=20.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pole_pitch=(b*3.14)/p\n",
-      "polearc=ratio*pole_pitch\n",
-      "pole_area=polearc*lpole\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "mean_flux=phi/(pole_area*math.pow(10,-4))\n",
-      "              \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Mean flux density= \",mean_flux,\" Wb/m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Mean flux density=  0.649941505265  Wb/m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(d), Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v+(i*rseries)\n",
-      "ish=va/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "e=va+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "ishunt=v/rs\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rseries)\n",
-      "e2=v+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(short shunt)\",e,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(long shunt)\",e2,\" V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf generated(short shunt) 114.070666667  V\n",
-        "emf generated(long shunt) 114.123666667  V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.22, Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "w=20000.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rs=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=w/v\n",
-      "i_f=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+i_f\n",
-      "ip=w/efficiency#input power\n",
-      "total_loss=ip-w\n",
-      "copper_loss=(ia*ia*(ra+rseries))+(i_f*i_f*rs)\n",
-      "ironloss=total_loss-copper_loss\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "T=ip/omega\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#omega\n",
-      "print \"Copper loss= \",copper_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Iron and friction loss= \",ironloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque developed by the prime mover= \",T,\"Nw-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Copper loss=  1216.88892562  W\n",
-        "Iron and friction loss=  2312.52283909  W\n",
-        "Torque developed by the prime mover=  224.803297115 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.23, Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declartaion\n",
-      "power=10000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=534\n",
-      "cu_loss=0.64*1000#W\n",
-      "vbd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=power/v\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+vbd\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  30.0  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(a), Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=195#A\n",
-      "pd=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "p=250#W\n",
-      "strayloss=950#W\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=pd/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=pd+vda\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(pd*ish)\n",
-      "output_prime=(pd*i)+strayloss+cu_loss\n",
-      "power_a=output_prime-strayloss\n",
-      "neu_m=(power_a/output_prime)\n",
-      "neu_e=(pd*i)/((pd*i)+cu_loss)\n",
-      "neu_c=(pd*i)/output_prime\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \" b)Cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" c)output of prime mover= \",output_prime,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" d)mechanical efficiency= \",neu_m*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   electrical efficiency= \",neu_e*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   commercial efficiency= \",neu_c*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)e.m.f. generated=  254.0  V\n",
-        " b)Cu losses=  2050.0  W\n",
-        " c)output of prime mover=  51750.0  W\n",
-        " d)mechanical efficiency=  98.1642512077  %\n",
-        "   electrical efficiency=  95.9645669291  %\n",
-        "   commercial efficiency=  94.2028985507  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(b), Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "total_loss=(v*i*0.5)+((il+i*0.5)*(il+i*0.5)*ra)+(v*i*0.5)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency=  87.8312542029  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.25, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=196#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "stray_loss=720#W\n",
-      "rsh=55#ohm\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "inpute=output/e\n",
-      "total_loss=inpute-output\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "constant_loss=cu_loss+stray_loss\n",
-      "culoss_a=total_loss-constant_loss\n",
-      "ra=culoss_a/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "I=math.sqrt(constant_loss/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency\",I,\" A\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency 122.283568103  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.26, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "p=22*1000#w\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "I=p/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+I\n",
-      "vdseries=ia*rseries\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*rseries)+(rsh*ish*ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=(p/efficiency)-p\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "T=(p/efficiency*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)iron and friction loss= \",strayloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)Torque exerted by the prime mover= \",T,\" N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cu losses=  1584.44  W\n",
-        "b)iron and friction loss=  1415.56  W\n",
-        "c)Torque exerted by the prime mover=  238.853503185  N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.27, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=1#V(voltage drop per brush)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=i*r\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+(2*vdb)\n",
-      "totalpower=E*ia\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/totalpower\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced e.m.f.=  214.0  V\n",
-        "efficiency=  77.8816199377  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.28, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=100#ohm\n",
-      "ironloss=1000#W\n",
-      "frictionloss=500#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "totalra=ra+rseries+ri\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "copperloss=ia*ia*totalra\n",
-      "shculoss=ish*v\n",
-      "total_loss=copperloss+ironloss+frictionloss+shculoss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"F.L. efficiency of the machine= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "F.L. efficiency of the machine=  87.3089843128  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.29, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "ironloss=8#kW\n",
-      "r=0.25#reduction in speed\n",
-      "n_ironloss=5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([ironloss-(A*1+B*1**2),n_ironloss-(A*(1-r)+B*(1-r)**2)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]\n",
-      "we=ans[B]\n",
-      "wh2=ans[A]*0.5\n",
-      "we2=ans[B]*0.5**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)full speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)half speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh2,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we2,3),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)full speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 2.667 kW\n",
-        "We= 5.333 kW\n",
-        "ii)half speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 1.333 kW\n",
-        "We= 1.333 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.30, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "N=Symbol('N')\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "wh=250.0#w\n",
-      "we=100.0#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "A=wh/(n/60)\n",
-      "B=we/((n/60)**2)\n",
-      "new_loss=(wh+we)/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([new_loss-A*N-B*(N**2)],[N])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed at which total loss will be halved=\",ans[1],\"r.p.s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed at which total loss will be halved= (9.50045787200216,) r.p.s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.31, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=160.0#ohm\n",
-      "mechcoreloss=500.0#W\n",
-      "culoss=360.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "i=output/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+i\n",
-      "culossa=ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "totalloss=culoss+mechcoreloss+culossa\n",
-      "inputp=output+totalloss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inputp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power required= \",inputp*0.001,\" kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficinecy= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power required=  11.9780166667  kW\n",
-        "efficinecy=  83.486275552  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.32, Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=110*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.002#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "E=v+ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf=  226.024  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.33 Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "E=216.0#V\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "slots=144\n",
-      "con=6\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=con*slots\n",
-      "a=p\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "armatureE=(phi*z*n2*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the armature emf= \",armatureE,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the armature emf=  360.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.34 Page Number:933"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ar=p*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature resistance=\",ar"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature resistance= 0.6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_egC1oo4.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_egC1oo4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cee05..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_egC1oo4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1433 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:62e227cc38186a0706017dd159987c82bd21be1d7e8602e20c55cf079ab30efe"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 33: Transformer:Three Phase"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.1, Page Number:1216"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vd=22000.0#V\n",
-      "vs=400.0#V\n",
-      "phi=0.8\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "v_phase_secondary=vs/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=(vs/vd)/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_primary=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_secondary=i_primary/K\n",
-      "il=i_secondary\n",
-      "output=math.sqrt(3)*il*vs*phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output=\",output/10000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output= 15.2420471066 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.2, Page Number:1217"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vls=11.0#kV\n",
-      "vld=33.0#kV\n",
-      "rh=35.0#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.876#ohm\n",
-      "iron_loss=3050.0#W\n",
-      "phi1=1.0\n",
-      "phi2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=(vls*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vld*1000)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i_Secondary=(w*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vls*1000)\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "fl_culoss=3*((w/(vls*math.sqrt(3)))**2)*r02\n",
-      "fl_totalloss=fl_culoss+iron_loss\n",
-      "fl_efficiency1=w*1000/(w*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "fl_efficiency2=(phi2*w*1000)/(w*phi2*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "cu_loss=.5**2*fl_culoss\n",
-      "totalloss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency1=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000*phi2/2)/((phi2*w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",fl_efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",fl_efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",round(efficiency2*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.5147491838 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.1503046336 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.3585709725 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.3, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.02\n",
-      "va=2000\n",
-      "reactance=0.1\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*100*va/100\n",
-      "regn=r*100*math.cos(phi)+reactance*100*math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Cu loss= 40.0 kW\n",
-        "Regulation= 7.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.4, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=120.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0\n",
-      "v2=400.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=1600.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss_fl=iron_loss*((4/3)**2)\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf*1000\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "efficiency1=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss_hl=0.5**2*cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "total_loss2=cu_loss_hl+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+total_loss2)\n",
-      "total_loss3=2*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(3.0/4)*w*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output+total_loss3\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"3/4 load efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "3/4 load efficiency= 96.5665236052 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.5, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rp=8.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "z=0.07\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "v1=33.0\n",
-      "v2=6.6\n",
-      "w=2*10.0**6\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "fl_i=w/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*10**3)\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rs+(rp*(K*K))\n",
-      "z_drop=z*v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z02=z_drop/fl_i\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt((z02*z02)-(r02*r02))\n",
-      "drop=fl_i*(r02*math.cos(phi)+x02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "V2=secondary_v-drop\n",
-      "line_v=V2*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/secondary_v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage\",line_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary voltage 6254.29059005 V\n",
-        "regulation= 5.23802136291 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.6, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=100.0#kWA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "rh=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.958\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=0.8*100\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=(inpt-output)*1000\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i2=((w*1000)/math.sqrt(3))/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ironloss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.0371411080502\n",
-        "2321.31925314\n",
-        "ironloss= 1185.98763622 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.7, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=5000.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6.6#kV\n",
-      "v2=33.0#kV\n",
-      "nl=15.0#kW\n",
-      "fl=50.0#kW\n",
-      "drop=0.07\n",
-      "load=3200.0#kw\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i2=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*1000)\n",
-      "impedence_drop=drop*(v2/math.sqrt(3))*1000\n",
-      "z02=impedence_drop/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=fl-nl\n",
-      "r02=cu_loss*1000/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt(z02**2-r02**2)\n",
-      "print \"full-load x02:\",x02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#when load=3200#kW\n",
-      "i2=load/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*0.8)\n",
-      "drop_=drop*1000*(r02*math.cos(phi)+z02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "regn=(drop_*100)/(v2*1000/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "vp=v1+regn/100*v1\n",
-      "print \"Primary voltage=\",vp*1000,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load x02: 15.1695784661\n",
-        "Primary voltage= 6851.39317975 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 95
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.8, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1\n",
-      "x=6\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=4800#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)+z*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2+regn/100*v2\n",
-      "secondary_vp=secondary_v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=secondary_vp/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Transformation Ratio=\",K"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Transformation Ratio= 0.423426587968\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.9, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "scv=400#V\n",
-      "sci=175#A\n",
-      "scw=17#kW\n",
-      "ocv=400#V\n",
-      "oci=150#A\n",
-      "ocw=15#kW\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=sci/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=scv/i1\n",
-      "r01=scw*1000/(3*i1*i1)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "r=i1*r01*100/v1\n",
-      "x=i1*x01*100/v1\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)-x*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "I1=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "total_loss=scw+ocw\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"% resistance=\",r,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% reactance=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"%regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "% resistance= 0.849779616989 %\n",
-        "% reactance= 6.00073499035 %\n",
-        "% efficiency= 98.0392156863 %\n",
-        "%regulation= -2.92061730062 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.10, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "secondary_rating=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "primary_i=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "voltsamps=v1*5/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i2=voltsamps/secondary_rating\n",
-      "output=pf*voltsamps/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Each coil current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Total output=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Each coil current= 125.0 A\n",
-        "Total output= 25.4034118443 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.12, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_per_transformer=load/2*1.15\n",
-      "delta_delta_rating=kVA_per_transformer*3\n",
-      "increase=(delta_delta_rating-load)*100/load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase=\",increase,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase= 72.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 126
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.13, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=20#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#v\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva_load=load/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "percent_rated=kva_load*100/w\n",
-      "kvarating_vv=2*w*0.866\n",
-      "vv_delta=kvarating_vv*100/60\n",
-      "percentage_increase=kva_load/(load/3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load of each transformer=\",kva_load,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer=\",percent_rated,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank\",kvarating_vv,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank\",vv_delta,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)percent increase in load=\",percentage_increase*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load of each transformer= 23.0940107676 kVA\n",
-        "ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer= 115.470053838 %\n",
-        "iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank 34.64 kVA\n",
-        "iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank 57.7333333333 %\n",
-        "v)percent increase in load= 177.646236674 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.14, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(pf*math.sqrt(3)*1000)\n",
-      "ip=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=v1/v\n",
-      "ip=ip*ratio\n",
-      "I=il\n",
-      "Ip=I*ratio\n",
-      "pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"delta-delta:current in the windings=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"v-v:current in the windings=\",Ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Power factor\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "delta-delta:current in the windings= 28.8683602771 A\n",
-        "v-v:current in the windings= 50.0014667312 A\n",
-        "Power factor 0.749956\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.15, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#kW\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "transformer_pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "additional_load=72.5/100*load\n",
-      "total_load=additional_load+load\n",
-      "il=total_load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Il=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"phase current=\",il/math.sqrt(3),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Il= 339.521323075 A\n",
-        "phase current= 196.022727273 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.16, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_each=(load/2)/pf\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p1=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30-phi))\n",
-      "p2=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30+phi))\n",
-      "p=p1+p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA supplied by each transformer=\",kVA_each,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"kW supplied by each transformer=\",p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA supplied by each transformer= 230.946882217 kVA\n",
-        "kW supplied by each transformer= 399.995027715 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 136
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.17, Page Number:1228"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=33.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "ilp=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "ils=ilp/(440/v2)\n",
-      "main_kva=v2*ilp*0.001\n",
-      "teaser_kva=0.866*main_kva\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage rating of each coil=\",vl\n",
-      "print \"current rating of each coil=\",ils\n",
-      "print \"main kVA=\",main_kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"teaser kVA=\",teaser_kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage rating of each coil= 2857.8\n",
-        "current rating of each coil= 43.3012701892\n",
-        "main kVA= 19.0525588833 kVA\n",
-        "teaser kVA= 16.4995159929 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 139
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.18, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "output=150.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=v2/v\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/(2*v2)\n",
-      "i1=i2*ratio\n",
-      "primary_volts=(math.sqrt(3)*v)/2\n",
-      "ratio=v2/primary_volts\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"turns ratio\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 170.454545455 A\n",
-        "turns ratio 0.524863881081\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.19, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "p=400.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2=p*1000/(pf*v)\n",
-      "ip=1.15*K*i2\n",
-      "I2m=K*i2\n",
-      "i2=ip/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#reslult\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 174.77684841 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.20, Page Number:1232"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w1=300#kW\n",
-      "w2=450#kW\n",
-      "v1=100#V\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "v2=3300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2t=(w2*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "I2m=(K*w1*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i2=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 169.804606659 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.21, Page Number:1233"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=80.0#V\n",
-      "v2=11000.0#V\n",
-      "w1=500.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=800.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"unity pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n",
-      "#0.5 pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "print \"0.5 pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "unity pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 52.2727272727 A whereas the other 2 carry 77.281082436 A each\n",
-        "0.5 pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 104.545454545 A whereas the other 2 carry 154.562164872 A each\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 171
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.22, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=50#V\n",
-      "v2=4.6*1000#V\n",
-      "load=350#kW\n",
-      "w=200#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "i2t=w*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=load*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "Ki2m=K*i2m\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(Ki2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in line A=\",i1t\n",
-      "print \"current in line B=\",i1m\n",
-      "print \"current in line C=\",i1m"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in line A= 62.5\n",
-        "current in line B= 100.11107076\n",
-        "current in line C= 100.11107076\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 173
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.23, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=231#V\n",
-      "v2=6600#v\n",
-      "volt_induced=8#v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "hv=v2/volt_induced\n",
-      "vl=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "n_lv1=vl/volt_induced\n",
-      "n_lv2=math.sqrt(3)*n_lv1/2\n",
-      "n=2*n_lv2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"neutral point is located on the\",math.ceil(n),\"th turn from A downwards\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "neutral point is located on the 29.0 th turn from A downwards\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.24, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "area=300.0#cm2\n",
-      "flux=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v/(4.44*f*flux*area*0.0001*0.9)\n",
-      "K=v2/v\n",
-      "n2=n1*K\n",
-      "n_lv=math.sqrt(3)*n2/2\n",
-      "turns=n_lv*2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"NUmber of turns in AN=\",math.floor(turns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " NUmber of turns in AN= 35.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 183
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.25, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "load=30.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "kva=il*vl*(0.001)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",vl,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage= 216.5 V\n",
-        "kVA rating 14.9995599935 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.26, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#vaiable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,5)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load*complex(math.cos(phi),math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "z1=za/zb\n",
-      "z2=zb/za\n",
-      "sa=s/(1+z1)\n",
-      "sb=s/(1+z2)\n",
-      "pfa=cmath.phase(sa)\n",
-      "pfb=cmath.phase(sb)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",abs(sa)\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",abs(sb)\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_a=\",pfa\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_b=\",pfb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 230.042839552\n",
-        "sb= 270.171613479\n",
-        "cos phi_a= 0.611765735265\n",
-        "cos phi_b= 0.670521557981\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.27, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "w1=4000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=5000#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,8)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.6,3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "za_per=(w1/w)*za\n",
-      "zb_per=zb\n",
-      "z=za_per+zb_per\n",
-      "s=complex(w1,w-w2)\n",
-      "sb=s*(za/z)\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (2284.2287695-1821.49046794j)\n",
-        "sb= (1715.7712305-1178.50953206j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 211
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.28, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "w1=1000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(0.001,0.003)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.0028,0.005)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (929.911014012-588.664867724j)\n",
-        "sb= (282.488985988-111.396729565j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.29, Page Number:1238"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "w1=500#kVA\n",
-      "w2=250#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "per_r=za.real*(sa.real)/w1\n",
-      "per_x=(za.imag)*(sa.imag)/w1\n",
-      "total_per=per_r+per_x\n",
-      "vl=v2-(total_per*4)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (399.511103547-348.770523615j)\n",
-        "sb= (130.738896453-181.639636072j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 242
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.30, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=100/5\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=i1*ratio\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 70.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.31, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=2000#A\n",
-      "i2=2500#A\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio1=i1/i\n",
-      "ratio2=i2/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio in first case=\",ratio1\n",
-      "print \"ratio in second case=\",ratio2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio in first case= 400\n",
-        "ratio in second case= 500\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_enqQgpr.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_enqQgpr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6653720b..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_enqQgpr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2354 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:102ba4bcb83ebd9f77c7c3f970c6e3d48b2bd31161c690d1b5c67b800706b1d0"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 29: D.C. Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.1, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#as generator \n",
-      "eg=v+i*r\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "eb=v-i*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"as generator:eg=\",eg,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"as motor:eb=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "as generator:eg= 230.0 V\n",
-        "as motor:eb= 210.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.2, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=Symbol('ia')\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "brush_drop=2#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n2=700#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=v/i\n",
-      "eg1=v+i*r+brush_drop\n",
-      "eg2=eg1*n2/n\n",
-      "ia=solve(eg2-2-ia*r-2.5*ia,ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to the load=\",ia[0],\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to the load= 69.7692307692308 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.3, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200#ohm\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "im=output*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=im-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "back emf= 425.642780749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.4, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#as generator\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "As generator: power= 26.12424 kW\n",
-        "As generator: power= 23.92376 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.5, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=32\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "ra=2.0#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=i+v/rf\n",
-      "eg=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eg*a*60/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "ia=i2-v/rf\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi,\"wb\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the machine=\",math.ceil(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 0.42375 wb\n",
-        "speed of the machine= 850.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.6, Page Number:1002"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=110#A\n",
-      "v=480#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "z=864\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 636.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 755.568 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.7, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=782\n",
-      "ra=rf=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 705.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 248.676 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.8, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=eb*ia\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"machanical power=\",pm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 79.5833333333 N-m\n",
-        "machanical power= 12500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.9, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=800\n",
-      "load=8.2#kW\n",
-      "ia=45#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "a=p/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=load*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 286.2 N-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 270.618131415 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.10, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=2*i\n",
-      "fb1=v-(i*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia2*ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/fb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when torque is doubled=\",n2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when torque is doubled= 476.19047619 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.11, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "ra=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2#v\n",
-      "i=1.8#A\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/v\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "il=ratio*il\n",
-      "ia=il-i\n",
-      "r=solve(ia*(r+ra)+vd-v,r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load shaft torque\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"total resistance=\",r[0],\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load line current= 124.333333333 A\n",
-        "full-load shaft torque 356.215 N-m\n",
-        "total resistance= 3.82420021762787 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.12, Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "output=5.595#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "phi=30*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",tsh*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 804.481481481 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed= 66.4182473183 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(a), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=20.0#kW\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "phi=0.04#Wb\n",
-      "z=160\n",
-      "il=95.0#A\n",
-      "inl=9.0#A\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ea0=v-(inl-i)*ra\n",
-      "n0=ea0*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "#load\n",
-      "ea=v-(il-i)*ra\n",
-      "n=ea*n0/ea0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load speed=\",n0,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"load speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load speed= 1030.5 rpm\n",
-        "load speed= 1014.375 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(b), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "i=400#A\n",
-      "n=350#rpm\n",
-      "phi=80*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "z=600*2\n",
-      "loss=0.03#percentage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=phi*z*n*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "pa=e*i\n",
-      "t=pa/(2*3.14*n/60)\n",
-      "t_net=0.97*t\n",
-      "bhp=t_net*36.67*0.001/0.746\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"brake-horse-power\",bhp,\"HP\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "brake-horse-power 291.551578696 HP\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(c), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=774\n",
-      "phi=24*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "t=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 295.3584 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(d), Page Number:1005"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ih=v/rf\n",
-      "pi=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=cu_loss=v*ih\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(il+ih)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_a+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 87.8312542029 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(e), Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delcration\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "loss=0.5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+loss*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output of the motor=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output of the motor= 7.82 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.14, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=400.0#N\n",
-      "d=10.0#cm\n",
-      "n=840#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1800#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=.80\n",
-      "d2=24.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "tsh=f*d*0.01/2\n",
-      "output=tsh*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "input_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "d1=n*d2/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the motor=\",round(i),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"size of motor pulley=\",d1,\"cm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the motor= 10.0 A\n",
-        "size of motor pulley= 11.2 cm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.15, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=280\n",
-      "ia=45.0#A\n",
-      "phi=18*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5+0.3#ohm\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "d=0.41\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*60*a/(phi*z*p*4)\n",
-      "inpt=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "f=tsh*2/d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pull at the rim of the pulley=\",f,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pull at the rim of the pulley= 628.016180845 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.16, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "output=11.19#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "i=1#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1#V\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output*1000/n\n",
-      "phi=eb*60*a*1000/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=ia*2\n",
-      "power=input_a-(cu_loss+brush_loss)\n",
-      "rotational_loss=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*(ia+i)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"total torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux/pole=\",phi,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",rotational_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "total torque= 112.2125 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 106.8645 N-m\n",
-        "flux/pole= 13.0555555556 mWb\n",
-        "rotational losses= 460.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.4215686275 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 106
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.17, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=30.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2_by_t1=i2**2/i**2\n",
-      "change=(1-t2_by_t1)*100#percentage\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in torque=\",change,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 679.127725857 rpm\n",
-        "percentage change in torque= 43.75 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.18, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "output=55.95#kW\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "I=252.8#kg-m2\n",
-      "ia1=1.4\n",
-      "ia2=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ia1+ia2)/2\n",
-      "n=n/60.0\n",
-      "tsh=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque_avg=(ia-1)*tsh\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque_avg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"approximate time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "approximate time to attain full speed= 46.4050282991 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.19, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "I=7.5#kg-m2\n",
-      "ratio=1.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=n/60\n",
-      "t=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque=(ratio-1)*t\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "time to attain full speed= 4.4055406613 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 138
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.20, Page Number:1009"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=944\n",
-      "phi=34.6*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ta=209.0#N-m\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=3.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=ta/(0.159*phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "ea=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=ea/(phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n*60,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 20.1219966813 A\n",
-        "speed= 403.798260345 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.21, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#v\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-ish)*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-(i2-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when loaded=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when loaded= 966.21078037 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.22, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=100#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=25#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.45\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor runs=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor runs= 1940.37940379 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.23, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115.0#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=2.5#A\n",
-      "n2=1120#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra*ia\n",
-      "x=n2*eb1/n1\n",
-      "ia2=solve((v-ra*ia2)-x,ia2)\n",
-      "ia=ia2[0]+(v/rf)\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",round(ia,1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(input_m,1),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 35.0 A\n",
-        "power input= 8050.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.24, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=100.0#kW\n",
-      "n1=300#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=10.0#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rf=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=power*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra+2*vd\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n1/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 278.796797778 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.25, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by whih armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia2=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n0=n*eb0/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n0/(eb0*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of machine=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of machine= 960.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.26, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ooutput=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb_inst=eb1*(1-ratio)\n",
-      "ia_inst=(v-eb_inst)/ra\n",
-      "t_inst=9.55*eb_inst*ia_inst/n\n",
-      "ia2=i/(1-ratio)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 93.75 A\n",
-        "speed= 1224.66216216 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 191
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.27, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#A\n",
-      "v2=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "input_m=8.0#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "il=input_m*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=il-ish\n",
-      "ra=v2/i2\n",
-      "eb0=v-ish*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss=ish**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=inpt-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_arm=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_arm\n",
-      "output=input_m*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_m*1000)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed on load=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "speed on load= 623.943661972 rpm\n",
-        "torque= 103.0636 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 197
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.28, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=11#kW\n",
-      "inl=5#A\n",
-      "n_nl=1150#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=v*inl\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=inl-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss_a+constant_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(load*1000)\n",
-      "eb_nl=v-(ia0*ra)\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=n_nl*eb/eb_nl\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque developed= 87.096 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.5361818182 %\n",
-        "the speed= 1031.57894737 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.29, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vb=3#V\n",
-      "rf=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ia=80.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when current is 100 A=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when current is 100 A= 473.949579832 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.30, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia1=i*math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*ia1)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor will run when developing half the torque=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when motor will run when developing half the torque= 1147.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.31, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25#A\n",
-      "v=450#V\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "phi=1.7*0.01*math.pow(ia,0.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=n*phi*z*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "iara=v-eb\n",
-      "ra=iara/ia\n",
-      "i=math.pow((phi*ia*math.sqrt(ia)/(phi*2)),2.0/3.0)\n",
-      "eb2=v/2-i*ra\n",
-      "phi2=1.7*0.01*math.pow(i,0.5)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*phi*n/(eb*phi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor will run=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor will run= 372.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 224
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.32, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def f(ia,t):\n",
-      "    n=(v*ia-ia**2*ra)*60/(2*3.14*t)\n",
-      "    return(n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "n1=f(20.0,128.8)\n",
-      "n2=f(30.0,230.5)\n",
-      "n3=f(40.0,349.8)\n",
-      "n4=f(50.0,469.2)\n",
-      "T=[128.8,230.5,349.8,469.2]\n",
-      "N=[n1,n2,n3,n4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(T,N)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Torque(NM.m)\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Speed(rpm)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,500))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,800))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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bJA3a2e9iVslBYf1eRDwdEUdHxNHAxcD30/tjImJLV/tJqvb//z8A3B3ZDLeQ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\nRK5CYII=\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dc6a50>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.33, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=5.968#kW\n",
-      "n=700#rpm\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "n2=600#rpm\n",
-      "ra=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "loss=450#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fp(i,v):\n",
-      "    p=5.968*((n2*(v1-i*ra)/(v*n))**2)\n",
-      "    return(p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fm(i,v):\n",
-      "    m=((v1-i*ra)*i-loss)/1000\n",
-      "    return(m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=fp(7.0,347.0)\n",
-      "p2=fp(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "p3=fp(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "p4=fp(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "m1=fm(7.0,347.8)\n",
-      "m2=fm(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "m3=fm(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "m4=fm(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "I=[7,10.5,14,27.5]\n",
-      "P=[p1,p2,p3,p4]\n",
-      "M=[m1,m2,m3,m4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,P)\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,M)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Current\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Power(kW)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,30))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,12))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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TpkHnzjBqFHToEHY1qWfjto3cPfVunpr1FDe2uZF+x/WjcoXKYZclaSLeYwBVgSuAfsAh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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dfd050>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.34, Page Number:1022"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "ia=3.5#A\n",
-      "ib=4.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "loss=v*i\n",
-      "#B unexcited\n",
-      "loss1=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "#B excited\n",
-      "loss2=v*(ib-i)\n",
-      "loss=loss2-loss1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"iron losses of B=\",loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "iron losses of B= 500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.35, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=5.0#A\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "i2=52.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=round(eb2*n/eb1,0)\n",
-      "input_nl=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss_l=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_l\n",
-      "input_l=v*i2\n",
-      "output=input_l-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.36, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.37, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.22#A\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia0=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia0*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "per=(eb-eb0)*100/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",round(per,2),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 90.8 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= -4.19 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 244
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.38, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ebh=v-ia1*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(ebh*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "ta1=9.55*eb1*ia1/n\n",
-      "ta2=9.55*eb2*ia2/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in first case=\",ta1,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in second case=\",ta2,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1010.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque in first case= 57.11664 N-m\n",
-        "torque in second case= 110.3912768 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 247
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.39, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "eb1=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb2=v-(i-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(i-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.44 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 254
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.40, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=120*8\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "loss=810#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_shunt=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_loss_shunt\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque= 70.288 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 60.2946209124 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.1936 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 256
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.41, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1150#rpm\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "z=620\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=74.8#A\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i2\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eb*a*60/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "power=eb*ia\n",
-      "loss_rot=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "per=total_loss*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi*1000,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",loss_rot,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"total losses expressed as a percentage of power=\",per,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 9.07321178121 mWb\n",
-        "torque developed= 128.575818783 N-m\n",
-        "rotational losses= 562.952 W\n",
-        "total losses expressed as a percentage of power= 13.2759823297 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 263
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.42, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ra*ia**2\n",
-      "loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output*1000+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i2=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "input_m1=v*i2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100000/input_m1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((input_m-cu_loss_a)/ra)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "output_a=input_a-(cu_loss+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"output power at which efficiency is maximum=\",output_a/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 79.5621535016683 %\n",
-        "output power at which efficiency is maximum= 10.2179357944 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 271
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.43, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n2_by_n1=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "ia2_by_ia1=phi1_by_phi2=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "v2_by_v1=n2_by_n1*phi1_by_phi2\n",
-      "reduction_v=(1-v2_by_v1)*100\n",
-      "reduction_i=(1-ia2_by_ia1)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage=\",reduction_v,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage fall in the motor current=\",reduction_i,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage= 75.0 %\n",
-        "percentage fall in the motor current= 50.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 272
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.44, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "loss=900#W\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f+loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output/1000,\"Kw\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency==\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "useful torque= 206.28 N-m\n",
-        "output= 7.938 Kw\n",
-        "efficiency== 79.38 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.45, Page Number:1027"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "i=4#A\n",
-      "n=660#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "rf=270#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_a=loss=v*ia\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia1[0]*ra)\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((cu_loss+input_a)/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the current input=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current at which efficiency is maximum=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the current input= 90.2860908863713 A\n",
-        "speed= 623.0 rpm\n",
-        "armature current at which efficiency is maximum= 78.3156008298 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 280
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_gD58ZqH.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_gD58ZqH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 90e078d2..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_gD58ZqH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1739 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:4fa0d818a53ec5608949c7725a11f84c78952680d73d506e4179ac596da192fb"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 38: Synchronous Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.1, Page Number:1495"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=75#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.95\n",
-      "xs=2.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/4\n",
-      "pm=p*1000/loss\n",
-      "ia=pm/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vol_phase=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power= 78947.3684211 W\n",
-        "armature current= 129.489444346 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.2, Page Number:1498"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=20\n",
-      "vl=693#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "lag=0.5#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#lag=0.5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "print \"displacement:0.5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#lag=5\n",
-      "lag=5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"displacement:5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "displacement:0.5%\n",
-        "alpha= 5.0 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (3.4871338335-0.152251551219j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 4189.63221768 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "displacement:5%\n",
-        "alpha= 50 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (30.6497244054-14.2922012106j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 40591.222447 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.3, Page Number:1499"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V/ph\n",
-      "i=32.0#A/ph\n",
-      "xs=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xs)**2)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xs)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 512.249938995 V\n",
-        "delta= 38.6598082541 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.4, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=150#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "xd=32#ohm\n",
-      "xq=20#ohm\n",
-      "alpha=16#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=2*vp\n",
-      "ex_power=eb*vp*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/xd\n",
-      "rel_power=(vp**2*(xd-xq)*math.sin(math.radians(2*alpha)))/(2*xd*xq)\n",
-      "pm=3*(ex_power+rel_power)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1121.29686485 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.5, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "P=1.5#MW\n",
-      "phi=3.0\n",
-      "xd=4.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "xq=3.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "sin_phi=0\n",
-      "cos_phi=1\n",
-      "phi=0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v1=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=P*math.pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(3)*v*cos_phi)\n",
-      "tan_sigma=(v1*sin_phi-ia*xq)/(v1*cos_phi)\n",
-      "sigma=math.atan(tan_sigma)\n",
-      "alpha=phi-sigma\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(sigma)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(sigma)\n",
-      "eb=v1*math.cos(alpha)-i_d*xd\n",
-      "#eb=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)\n",
-      "#dPm/d(alpha)=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)=0\n",
-      "ans=solve([(604.0*x**2+1029.0*x-302.0)],[x])\n",
-      "alpha2=math.acos(math.radians(ans[1][0]))\n",
-      "Pm=1029*math.sin(alpha2)+151*math.sin(alpha2)\n",
-      "max_P=Pm*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop=\",round(max_P),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop= 3540.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.6, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=30#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*3\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "z_drop=ia*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt((vp**2+z_drop**2-(2*vp*z_drop*math.cos(theta+phi))))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power supplied=\",p2/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"KW\"\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "    "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power supplied= 914.522826396 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 903.722826396 KW\n",
-        "induced emf= 13039.2734763 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.7, Page Number:1507"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "pf=1\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xq)**2)+((xd-xq)*14.8)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xq)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 502.648089715 V\n",
-        "delta= 27.4744316263 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.8, Page Number:1508"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=800#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output*1000+loss+ex_loss\n",
-      "ia=(v*pf-math.sqrt(v**2*pf**2-4*r*pm))/(2*r)\n",
-      "m_input=loss*ia*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/m_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commercial efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commercial efficiency= 82.1029269497 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.9, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "il=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x//r)\n",
-      "v=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"volt/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Eb= 1708.04482042 volt/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.10, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "vl=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "il=50#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#0.8 lagging\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi-theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 lag: Eb=\",eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#0.8 leading\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 leading:Eb=\",eb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.8 lag: Eb= 5651.1180113\n",
-        "0.8 leading:Eb= 7705.24623679\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.11, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)-phi)))\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=1: Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lag:Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lead:Eb=\",eb3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf=1: Eb= 107.703296143 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lag:Eb= 82.4621125124 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lead:Eb= 128.062484749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.12, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "r=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=40#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ra=ia*r\n",
-      "xa=ia*x\n",
-      "za=math.sqrt(ra**2+xa**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(vp**2+za**2-(2*vp*za*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "alpha1=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta)/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta-phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta-phi)/eb2)\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta+phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha3=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"at pf=1\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb1*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 lagging\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 leading\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha3),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "at pf=1\n",
-        "Eb= 11283.8105339 V\n",
-        "alpha= 18.7256601694 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 lagging\n",
-        "Eb= 8990.39249633 V\n",
-        "alpha= 10.0142654731 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 leading\n",
-        "Eb= 13283.8907748 V\n",
-        "alpha= 7.71356041367 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.14, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,0.866)\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "output=6000#W\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z.real\n",
-      "motor_intake=output+loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(motor_intake/(v*i))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)*i\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)-phi)))\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "lag:eb= 154.286783862 V\n",
-        "lag:eb= 213.765547573 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.15, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,6)\n",
-      "lag=3#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=lag*8/2\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(eb**2+eb**2-(2*eb*eb*(math.cos(math.radians(alpha)))))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=theta-(math.asin(eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/er))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "total_input=3*eb*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=total_input-cu_loss\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*eb/zs)-(eb**2*z.real/(zs**2))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power of the motor=\",pm/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power of motor=\",pm_max/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 44.1583059199 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.99927231631\n",
-        "power of the motor= 165.803353329 kW\n",
-        "max power of motor= 250.446734776 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 72
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.16, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250#V\n",
-      "lead=150#degrees\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "x=2.5#times resistance\n",
-      "alpha=lead/3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+eb**2-(2*v*eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha))))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x)\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"pf at which the motor is operating=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf at which the motor is operating= 0.928476690885\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.17, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=900#kW\n",
-      "e=8900#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "icos=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "bc=r*icos\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "i=icos/math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 149.188331836 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 82
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.18, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ia1zs=ia1*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(va**2+ia1zs**2-(2*va*ia1zs*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "ia2cosphi2=inpt2*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "cosphi2=x*ia2cosphi2\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-cosphi2*2)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(ac/cosphi2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.atan(cosphi2/ac)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"new power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power angle= 25.8661450552 degrees\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.436270181217\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.19, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=5472#W\n",
-      "x=10#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iacosphi=inpt/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=iacosphi*zs\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(va**2-iazs**2)\n",
-      "oc=va-ac\n",
-      "bc=iazs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/iazs)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "ia=iacosphi/pf\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(bc/ac)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 19.9987718079 degrees\n",
-        "power factor= 0.984809614116\n",
-        "armature current= 8.01997824686 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.20, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "xs=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=800.0#kW\n",
-      "e=2500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ep=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "i2=solve(((i1*xs+r*i2)**2+(vp+i1*r-xs*i2)**2)-ep**2,i2)\n",
-      "i=math.sqrt(i1**2+i2[0]**2)\n",
-      "pf=i1/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line currrent=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line currrent= 241.492937915 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.956301702525\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 152
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.21, Page Number:1516"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=650#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "power=inpt*1000+ex_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt*1000-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/power\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power=\",power,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 13.0516151762 A\n",
-        "power= 8110.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.6693343026 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 156
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.22, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "inpt=800#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ip=ia/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=ip*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+iazs**2-(2*v*iazs*(-1)*pf))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(iazs*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 4972.19098879 V\n",
-        "rotor angle= 17.0098509277 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.23, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=75#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "r=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.925\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)-phi\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "ns=120*50/40\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eb,\"eb\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 235.683320812 eb\n",
-        "mechanical power= 79437.5456538 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.24, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "zs=x=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "i2=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iazs=i*zs\n",
-      "xs=math.sqrt(x**2-r**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "iazs2=i2*zs\n",
-      "phi=theta-math.acos(vp**2-vp**2+iazs2**2/(2*vp*iazs2))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "input_m=math.sqrt(3)*v*i2*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ns=120*50/6\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque developed=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque developed= 310.739709828 N-m\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.912650996943\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 161
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.25, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "xs=10#W/phase\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+zs**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"minimum current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"inducedemf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "minimum current= 12.6677441416 A\n",
-        "inducedemf= 263.401798584 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.26, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=37.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=ia*abs(zs)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(zs.imag/zs.real)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(math.sin(theta+phi)*er/eb)\n",
-      "pm=3*eb*vp*math.sin(alpha)/abs(zs)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 495.407915636 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power developed= 44844.4875189 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 206
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.27, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "xs=20.0#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500.0#kW\n",
-      "phi2=Symbol('phi2')\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "er=ia*xs\n",
-      "zs=xs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(inpt2*1000*zs/(3*eb*vp))\n",
-      "#vp/eb=cos(alpha+phi2)/cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#solving we get\n",
-      "phi2=math.radians(19.39)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power factor= 0.943280616635\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 228
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.28, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "x=4#ohms/phase\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohms/phase\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "loss=2#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(complex(r,x))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2)\n",
-      "pm=3*pm_max\n",
-      "output=pm-loss*1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum power output= 51.3898913442 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.29, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=10#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "eb=1600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=x/z\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*v/z)-(eb**2*pf/zs)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "tg_max=9.55*pm_max/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total torque=\",tg_max,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total torque= 5505.51976175 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.30, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variabke declaration\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "x=3#ohm/phase\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=ia*x\n",
-      "sinphi=(eb**2-vp**2-zs**2)/(2*zs*vp)\n",
-      "phi=math.asin(sinphi)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "pi=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf/1000\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pi*1000/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",pi,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power input= 669.029147347 kW\n",
-        "power factor= 0.965660395791\n",
-        "torque= 4259.48557144 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 234
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.31, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "e=3800#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=theta\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(vp**2+eb**2-(2*vp*eb*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "pm_max=((eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total mechanical power=\",pm_max,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total mechanical power= 604356.888001 W\n",
-        "current= 151.417346198 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.857248980398\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 235
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.32, Page Number:1521"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=415#V\n",
-      "e=520#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,4)\n",
-      "loss=1000#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+e**2-(2*v*e*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "i=er/zs\n",
-      "il=math.sqrt(3)*i\n",
-      "pm_max=((e*v/zs)-(e**2*z.real/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "output=pm_max-loss\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*z.real\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*il*v)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output= 134.640174346 kW\n",
-        "line current= 268.015478962 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.890508620247\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.4816159071 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.33, Page Number:1524"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*efficiency*pf)\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*il**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf= 494.75258624 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power= 39.6138268735 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.34, Page Number:1525"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=48#kW\n",
-      "v=693#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ratio=0.3\n",
-      "x=2#W/phase\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(float(\"inf\"))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta-phi)))\n",
-      "i_cosphi=pf*il\n",
-      "bc=i_cosphi*x\n",
-      "eb=eb+(ratio*eb)\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "i2=i_cosphi/pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 46.3871111945 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.862084919821\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.35, Page Number:1526"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kW\n",
-      "inpt=240.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "total_load=inpt+load\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "kVAR=total_load*math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "#factory load\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "kVAR=inpt*math.tan(phil)\n",
-      "kVA=inpt/pf\n",
-      "kVAR1=total_load*math.sin(phil)\n",
-      "lead_kVAR=kVAR1-kVAR\n",
-      "#synchronous motor\n",
-      "phim=math.atan(lead_kVAR/load)\n",
-      "motorpf=math.cos(phim)\n",
-      "motorkVA=math.sqrt(load**2+lead_kVAR**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"leading kVAR supplied by the motor=\",motorkVA\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "leading kVAR supplied by the motor= 60.0\n",
-        "pf= 0.8\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_gETWb31.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_gETWb31.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 447ef8ab..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_gETWb31.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,388 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6743417a1c79c6197a7cd49755318e10828c09b3cb248c5af8d5364367840700"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 28: Generator Characteristics"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.13, Page Number:984"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "#emf increases by 1 V for every increase of 6 A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=96#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "voltageincrease=i/6\n",
-      "vd=i*ra\n",
-      "voltage_rise=voltageincrease-vd\n",
-      "vconsumer=v+voltage_rise\n",
-      "power_supplied=voltage_rise*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage supplied ot consumer= \",vconsumer,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"power supplied by the booster itself= \",power_supplied/1000,\" kW\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage supplied ot consumer=  234.08  V\n",
-        "power supplied by the booster itself=  1.35168  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.14, Page Number:985"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vd=i*r\n",
-      "voltage_decrease=v-vd\n",
-      "feeder_drop=v*r\n",
-      "booster_voltage=v*v/i1\n",
-      "voltage_net=feeder_drop-booster_voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net decrease in voltage= \",voltage_net,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net decrease in voltage=  2.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.15, Page Number:986"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inl=5.0#A\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "il=6.0#A\n",
-      "i_full=200.0#A(full load)\n",
-      "turns=1600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "shunt_turns1=turns*inl\n",
-      "shunt_turns2=turns*il\n",
-      "increase=shunt_turns2-shunt_turns1\n",
-      "n=increase/i_full#number of series turns required\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of series turns required= \",n,\" tunrs/pole\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of series turns required=  8.0  tunrs/pole\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.16, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#turns/pole\n",
-      "series_winding=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "increase_i=0.2#A\n",
-      "ia=80#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "additional_at=n*increase_i\n",
-      "current_required=additional_at/series_winding\n",
-      "R=(current_required*r)/(ia-current_required)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Divertor resistance= \",R,\" ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Divertor resistance=  0.0833333333333  ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.17, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "divertor=0.14#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#short shunt\n",
-      "vd=i*rse\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "armature_drop=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+vd+armature_drop\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "print vd\n",
-      "E2=v+vd\n",
-      "current_divertor=(ia*divertor)/(divertor+rse)\n",
-      "change=(current_divertor/ia)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)emf induced using short shunt= \",E\n",
-      "print \"b)emf induced using long shunt= \",E2\n",
-      "print \"c)series amp-turns are reduced to \",change,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "16.704\n",
-        "a)emf induced using short shunt=  236.44\n",
-        "b)emf induced using long shunt=  236.704\n",
-        "c)series amp-turns are reduced to  70.0  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.18, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=250*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "i=7#A\n",
-      "inl=12#A\n",
-      "shunt=650#turns/pole\n",
-      "series=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "rse=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i_fulload=p/v\n",
-      "shunt_increase=shunt*(inl-i)\n",
-      "ise=shunt_increase/series\n",
-      "i_d=i_fulload-ise\n",
-      "Rd=(ise*rse)/i_d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load\",Rd,\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load 0.0212751091703 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.19, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "p=60.0*1000#W\n",
-      "n=1600.0#turns/pole\n",
-      "inl=1.25#A\n",
-      "vnl=125#V\n",
-      "il=1.75#A\n",
-      "vl=150.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "extra_excitation=n*(il-inl)\n",
-      "ise=p/vl\n",
-      "series=extra_excitation/ise\n",
-      "ise2=extra_excitation/3\n",
-      "i_d=ise-ise2\n",
-      "rd=(ise2*0.02)/i_d\n",
-      "reg=(vnl-vl)*100/vl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)minimum number of series turns/pole= \",series\n",
-      "print \"ii)divertor resistance= \",rd\n",
-      "print \"iii)voltage regulation= \",reg,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)minimum number of series turns/pole=  2.0\n",
-        "ii)divertor resistance=  0.04\n",
-        "iii)voltage regulation=  -16.6666666667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.20, Page Number:989"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#v\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=160.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#160 A\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "#50 A\n",
-      "vd2=i2*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 160 A=\",vd,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 50 A=\",vd2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage drop at 160 A= 8.0 V\n",
-        "voltage drop at 50 A= 2.5 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_gSjl2uf.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_gSjl2uf.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6653720b..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_gSjl2uf.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2354 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:102ba4bcb83ebd9f77c7c3f970c6e3d48b2bd31161c690d1b5c67b800706b1d0"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 29: D.C. Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.1, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#as generator \n",
-      "eg=v+i*r\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "eb=v-i*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"as generator:eg=\",eg,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"as motor:eb=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "as generator:eg= 230.0 V\n",
-        "as motor:eb= 210.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.2, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=Symbol('ia')\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "brush_drop=2#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n2=700#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=v/i\n",
-      "eg1=v+i*r+brush_drop\n",
-      "eg2=eg1*n2/n\n",
-      "ia=solve(eg2-2-ia*r-2.5*ia,ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to the load=\",ia[0],\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to the load= 69.7692307692308 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.3, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200#ohm\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "im=output*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=im-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "back emf= 425.642780749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.4, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#as generator\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "As generator: power= 26.12424 kW\n",
-        "As generator: power= 23.92376 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.5, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=32\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "ra=2.0#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=i+v/rf\n",
-      "eg=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eg*a*60/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "ia=i2-v/rf\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi,\"wb\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the machine=\",math.ceil(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 0.42375 wb\n",
-        "speed of the machine= 850.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.6, Page Number:1002"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=110#A\n",
-      "v=480#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "z=864\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 636.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 755.568 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.7, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=782\n",
-      "ra=rf=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 705.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 248.676 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.8, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=eb*ia\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"machanical power=\",pm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 79.5833333333 N-m\n",
-        "machanical power= 12500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.9, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=800\n",
-      "load=8.2#kW\n",
-      "ia=45#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "a=p/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=load*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 286.2 N-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 270.618131415 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.10, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=2*i\n",
-      "fb1=v-(i*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia2*ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/fb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when torque is doubled=\",n2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when torque is doubled= 476.19047619 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.11, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "ra=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2#v\n",
-      "i=1.8#A\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/v\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "il=ratio*il\n",
-      "ia=il-i\n",
-      "r=solve(ia*(r+ra)+vd-v,r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load shaft torque\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"total resistance=\",r[0],\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load line current= 124.333333333 A\n",
-        "full-load shaft torque 356.215 N-m\n",
-        "total resistance= 3.82420021762787 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.12, Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "output=5.595#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "phi=30*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",tsh*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 804.481481481 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed= 66.4182473183 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(a), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=20.0#kW\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "phi=0.04#Wb\n",
-      "z=160\n",
-      "il=95.0#A\n",
-      "inl=9.0#A\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ea0=v-(inl-i)*ra\n",
-      "n0=ea0*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "#load\n",
-      "ea=v-(il-i)*ra\n",
-      "n=ea*n0/ea0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load speed=\",n0,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"load speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load speed= 1030.5 rpm\n",
-        "load speed= 1014.375 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(b), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "i=400#A\n",
-      "n=350#rpm\n",
-      "phi=80*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "z=600*2\n",
-      "loss=0.03#percentage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=phi*z*n*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "pa=e*i\n",
-      "t=pa/(2*3.14*n/60)\n",
-      "t_net=0.97*t\n",
-      "bhp=t_net*36.67*0.001/0.746\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"brake-horse-power\",bhp,\"HP\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "brake-horse-power 291.551578696 HP\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(c), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=774\n",
-      "phi=24*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "t=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 295.3584 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(d), Page Number:1005"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ih=v/rf\n",
-      "pi=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=cu_loss=v*ih\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(il+ih)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_a+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 87.8312542029 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(e), Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delcration\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "loss=0.5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+loss*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output of the motor=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output of the motor= 7.82 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.14, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=400.0#N\n",
-      "d=10.0#cm\n",
-      "n=840#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1800#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=.80\n",
-      "d2=24.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "tsh=f*d*0.01/2\n",
-      "output=tsh*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "input_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "d1=n*d2/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the motor=\",round(i),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"size of motor pulley=\",d1,\"cm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the motor= 10.0 A\n",
-        "size of motor pulley= 11.2 cm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.15, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=280\n",
-      "ia=45.0#A\n",
-      "phi=18*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5+0.3#ohm\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "d=0.41\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*60*a/(phi*z*p*4)\n",
-      "inpt=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "f=tsh*2/d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pull at the rim of the pulley=\",f,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pull at the rim of the pulley= 628.016180845 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.16, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "output=11.19#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "i=1#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1#V\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output*1000/n\n",
-      "phi=eb*60*a*1000/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=ia*2\n",
-      "power=input_a-(cu_loss+brush_loss)\n",
-      "rotational_loss=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*(ia+i)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"total torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux/pole=\",phi,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",rotational_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "total torque= 112.2125 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 106.8645 N-m\n",
-        "flux/pole= 13.0555555556 mWb\n",
-        "rotational losses= 460.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.4215686275 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 106
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.17, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=30.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2_by_t1=i2**2/i**2\n",
-      "change=(1-t2_by_t1)*100#percentage\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in torque=\",change,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 679.127725857 rpm\n",
-        "percentage change in torque= 43.75 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.18, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "output=55.95#kW\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "I=252.8#kg-m2\n",
-      "ia1=1.4\n",
-      "ia2=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ia1+ia2)/2\n",
-      "n=n/60.0\n",
-      "tsh=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque_avg=(ia-1)*tsh\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque_avg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"approximate time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "approximate time to attain full speed= 46.4050282991 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.19, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "I=7.5#kg-m2\n",
-      "ratio=1.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=n/60\n",
-      "t=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque=(ratio-1)*t\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "time to attain full speed= 4.4055406613 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 138
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.20, Page Number:1009"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=944\n",
-      "phi=34.6*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ta=209.0#N-m\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=3.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=ta/(0.159*phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "ea=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=ea/(phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n*60,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 20.1219966813 A\n",
-        "speed= 403.798260345 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.21, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#v\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-ish)*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-(i2-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when loaded=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when loaded= 966.21078037 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.22, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=100#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=25#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.45\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor runs=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor runs= 1940.37940379 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.23, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115.0#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=2.5#A\n",
-      "n2=1120#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra*ia\n",
-      "x=n2*eb1/n1\n",
-      "ia2=solve((v-ra*ia2)-x,ia2)\n",
-      "ia=ia2[0]+(v/rf)\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",round(ia,1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(input_m,1),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 35.0 A\n",
-        "power input= 8050.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.24, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=100.0#kW\n",
-      "n1=300#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=10.0#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rf=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=power*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra+2*vd\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n1/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 278.796797778 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.25, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by whih armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia2=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n0=n*eb0/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n0/(eb0*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of machine=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of machine= 960.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.26, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ooutput=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb_inst=eb1*(1-ratio)\n",
-      "ia_inst=(v-eb_inst)/ra\n",
-      "t_inst=9.55*eb_inst*ia_inst/n\n",
-      "ia2=i/(1-ratio)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 93.75 A\n",
-        "speed= 1224.66216216 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 191
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.27, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#A\n",
-      "v2=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "input_m=8.0#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "il=input_m*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=il-ish\n",
-      "ra=v2/i2\n",
-      "eb0=v-ish*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss=ish**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=inpt-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_arm=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_arm\n",
-      "output=input_m*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_m*1000)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed on load=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "speed on load= 623.943661972 rpm\n",
-        "torque= 103.0636 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 197
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.28, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=11#kW\n",
-      "inl=5#A\n",
-      "n_nl=1150#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=v*inl\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=inl-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss_a+constant_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(load*1000)\n",
-      "eb_nl=v-(ia0*ra)\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=n_nl*eb/eb_nl\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque developed= 87.096 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.5361818182 %\n",
-        "the speed= 1031.57894737 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.29, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vb=3#V\n",
-      "rf=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ia=80.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when current is 100 A=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when current is 100 A= 473.949579832 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.30, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia1=i*math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*ia1)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor will run when developing half the torque=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when motor will run when developing half the torque= 1147.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.31, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25#A\n",
-      "v=450#V\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "phi=1.7*0.01*math.pow(ia,0.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=n*phi*z*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "iara=v-eb\n",
-      "ra=iara/ia\n",
-      "i=math.pow((phi*ia*math.sqrt(ia)/(phi*2)),2.0/3.0)\n",
-      "eb2=v/2-i*ra\n",
-      "phi2=1.7*0.01*math.pow(i,0.5)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*phi*n/(eb*phi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor will run=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor will run= 372.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 224
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.32, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def f(ia,t):\n",
-      "    n=(v*ia-ia**2*ra)*60/(2*3.14*t)\n",
-      "    return(n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "n1=f(20.0,128.8)\n",
-      "n2=f(30.0,230.5)\n",
-      "n3=f(40.0,349.8)\n",
-      "n4=f(50.0,469.2)\n",
-      "T=[128.8,230.5,349.8,469.2]\n",
-      "N=[n1,n2,n3,n4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(T,N)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Torque(NM.m)\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Speed(rpm)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,500))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,800))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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bJA3a2e9iVslBYf1eRDwdEUdHxNHAxcD30/tjImJLV/tJqvb//z8A3B3ZDLeQ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\nRK5CYII=\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dc6a50>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.33, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=5.968#kW\n",
-      "n=700#rpm\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "n2=600#rpm\n",
-      "ra=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "loss=450#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fp(i,v):\n",
-      "    p=5.968*((n2*(v1-i*ra)/(v*n))**2)\n",
-      "    return(p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fm(i,v):\n",
-      "    m=((v1-i*ra)*i-loss)/1000\n",
-      "    return(m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=fp(7.0,347.0)\n",
-      "p2=fp(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "p3=fp(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "p4=fp(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "m1=fm(7.0,347.8)\n",
-      "m2=fm(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "m3=fm(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "m4=fm(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "I=[7,10.5,14,27.5]\n",
-      "P=[p1,p2,p3,p4]\n",
-      "M=[m1,m2,m3,m4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,P)\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,M)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Current\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Power(kW)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,30))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,12))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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TpkHnzjBqFHToEHY1qWfjto3cPfVunpr1FDe2uZF+x/WjcoXKYZclaSLeYwBVgSuAfsAh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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dfd050>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.34, Page Number:1022"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "ia=3.5#A\n",
-      "ib=4.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "loss=v*i\n",
-      "#B unexcited\n",
-      "loss1=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "#B excited\n",
-      "loss2=v*(ib-i)\n",
-      "loss=loss2-loss1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"iron losses of B=\",loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "iron losses of B= 500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.35, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=5.0#A\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "i2=52.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=round(eb2*n/eb1,0)\n",
-      "input_nl=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss_l=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_l\n",
-      "input_l=v*i2\n",
-      "output=input_l-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.36, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.37, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.22#A\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia0=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia0*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "per=(eb-eb0)*100/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",round(per,2),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 90.8 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= -4.19 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 244
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.38, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ebh=v-ia1*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(ebh*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "ta1=9.55*eb1*ia1/n\n",
-      "ta2=9.55*eb2*ia2/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in first case=\",ta1,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in second case=\",ta2,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1010.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque in first case= 57.11664 N-m\n",
-        "torque in second case= 110.3912768 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 247
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.39, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "eb1=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb2=v-(i-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(i-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.44 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 254
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.40, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=120*8\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "loss=810#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_shunt=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_loss_shunt\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque= 70.288 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 60.2946209124 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.1936 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 256
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.41, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1150#rpm\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "z=620\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=74.8#A\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i2\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eb*a*60/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "power=eb*ia\n",
-      "loss_rot=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "per=total_loss*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi*1000,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",loss_rot,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"total losses expressed as a percentage of power=\",per,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 9.07321178121 mWb\n",
-        "torque developed= 128.575818783 N-m\n",
-        "rotational losses= 562.952 W\n",
-        "total losses expressed as a percentage of power= 13.2759823297 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 263
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.42, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ra*ia**2\n",
-      "loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output*1000+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i2=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "input_m1=v*i2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100000/input_m1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((input_m-cu_loss_a)/ra)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "output_a=input_a-(cu_loss+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"output power at which efficiency is maximum=\",output_a/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 79.5621535016683 %\n",
-        "output power at which efficiency is maximum= 10.2179357944 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 271
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.43, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n2_by_n1=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "ia2_by_ia1=phi1_by_phi2=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "v2_by_v1=n2_by_n1*phi1_by_phi2\n",
-      "reduction_v=(1-v2_by_v1)*100\n",
-      "reduction_i=(1-ia2_by_ia1)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage=\",reduction_v,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage fall in the motor current=\",reduction_i,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage= 75.0 %\n",
-        "percentage fall in the motor current= 50.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 272
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.44, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "loss=900#W\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f+loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output/1000,\"Kw\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency==\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "useful torque= 206.28 N-m\n",
-        "output= 7.938 Kw\n",
-        "efficiency== 79.38 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.45, Page Number:1027"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "i=4#A\n",
-      "n=660#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "rf=270#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_a=loss=v*ia\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia1[0]*ra)\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((cu_loss+input_a)/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the current input=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current at which efficiency is maximum=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the current input= 90.2860908863713 A\n",
-        "speed= 623.0 rpm\n",
-        "armature current at which efficiency is maximum= 78.3156008298 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 280
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_hnPoOrk.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_hnPoOrk.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 894eff9f..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_hnPoOrk.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:9895a0f3fc78aa13cc793dfc60b4d616a3af11e4983465d122ac29be7197893e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 25: Elements of Electro-Mechanical Energy Conversion"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.1, Page Number:876"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sod=15#stator-core outer diameter\n",
-      "sid=10.05#stator-core inner diameter\n",
-      "rod=10.00#rotor-core outer diameter\n",
-      "rid=5#rotor-core inner diameter\n",
-      "a=8#axial lenght of the machine\n",
-      "b=1.20\n",
-      "ur=1000\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=(3.14/4)*((sod*sod)-(sid*sid))*a#volume of stator-core\n",
-      "vr=(3.14/4)*((rod*rod)-(rid*rid))*a#volume of rotor-core\n",
-      "va=(3.14/4)*((sid*sid)-(rod*rod))*a#volume of air-gap in the machine\n",
-      "ed=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7))\n",
-      "e=ed*va*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "edm=(.5*b*b)/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)*ur)\n",
-      "es=edm*vs*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "er=edm*vr*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
-      "kr=(vs+vr)/vs\n",
-      "ke=(es+er)/e\n",
-      "ratio=kr/ke\n",
-      "eratio=e/(es+er)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in air gap= \",e,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in stator-core= \",round(es,2),\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Energy stored in rotor core= \",er,\" Joules\"\n",
-      "print \"Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores=\",round(eratio)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Energy stored in air gap=  3.609  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in stator-core=  0.45  Joules\n",
-        "Energy stored in rotor core=  0.27  Joules\n",
-        "Ratio of energy dtored in air-gap to that stored in the cores= 5.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.2, Page Number:877"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#turns\n",
-      "area=5*5#cross sectional area\n",
-      "i=1.25#amp\n",
-      "x=0.25#cm\n",
-      "l=0.402\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p=4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)/(0.5*10**(-2))\n",
-      "l=n**2*p\n",
-      "em=.5*i*i*l\n",
-      "W=-1*0.5*n**2*4*3.14*10**(-7)*area*10**(-4)*i**2/(0.5*10**(-2))**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)coil inductance=\",l,\"H\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)field energy stored=\",em,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)mechanical energy output=\",W,\"NW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)coil inductance= 0.40192 H\n",
-        "  ii)field energy stored= 0.314 J\n",
-        "b)mechanical energy output= -62.8 NW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.4, Page Number:882"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "lo=50#mH\n",
-      "xo=0.05#cm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.075#cm\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "x2=0.15#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "l1=2*lo/(1+(x/xo))\n",
-      "lambda1=l1*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "W=0.5*l1*i2**2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "l2=2*lo/(1+(x2/xo))\n",
-      "lambda2=l2*i2*10**(-3)\n",
-      "w2=0.5*i2*(lambda1-lambda2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",W,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic stored energy=\",w2,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 25.5, Page Number:883"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rc=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=3#V\n",
-      "i=6#A\n",
-      "l1=40#mH\n",
-      "l2=25#mH\n",
-      "wfld=0.5*l2*i*i*0.001\n",
-      "delE=0.5*i*i*0.001*(l1-l2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)magnetic stored energy=\",wfld,\"J\"\n",
-      "print \"b)change in magnetic store energy=\",delE,\"J\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)magnetic stored energy= 0.45 J\n",
-        "b)change in magnetic store energy= 0.27 J\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_hoBkBgf.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_hoBkBgf.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f35c124e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_hoBkBgf.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1233 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:fc88e8a107629d62ff7c77f84f67a9d9da67e1160053ed6d930ef88cb4cc11d6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 27: Armature Reaction and Commutation"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.1, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=722\n",
-      "ia=100.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=8.0#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 802.222222222\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 3710.27777778\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.2, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=1280\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "commuter=160\n",
-      "advanced_segments=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/8\n",
-      "theta_m=advanced_segments*360/commuter\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 800.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1200.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(a), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=880\n",
-      "ia=120.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=3.0#degrees\n",
-      "n=1100#tturns/pole\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atd_perpole=z*i*theta_m/360\n",
-      "atc_perpole=z*i*((1/(2.0*p))-(theta_m/360.0))\n",
-      "iadditional=(atd_perpole/n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"b)cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"c)additional field current=\",iadditional,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)armature demagnetization= 440.0 AT\n",
-        "b)cross-magnetization= 6160.0 AT\n",
-        "c)additional field current= 0.4 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.3(b), Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=480\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0*2#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "i=ia/4\n",
-      "total=(z*i)/(2*p)\n",
-      "atd_perpole=total*(2*theta_m/180)\n",
-      "atc_perpole=total*(1-(2*theta_m/180))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization=\",atd_perpole\n",
-      "print \"cross-magnetization=\",atc_perpole"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization= 500.0\n",
-        "cross-magnetization= 1750.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.4, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=492\n",
-      "theta_m=10.0\n",
-      "ia=143.0+10.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=ia/2#wave wound\n",
-      "i2=ia/4#lap wound\n",
-      "atd_perpole1=z*i1*theta_m/360#wave wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt1=atd_perpole1/theta_m\n",
-      "atd_perpole2=z*i2*(theta_m/360.0)#lap wound\n",
-      "extra_shunt2=atd_perpole2/theta_m\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"wave wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole1,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt1)\n",
-      "print \"lap wound:\"\n",
-      "print \"demagnetization per pole=\",atd_perpole2,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt field turns=\",int(extra_shunt2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "wave wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 1045.5 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 104\n",
-        "lap wound:\n",
-        "demagnetization per pole= 522.75 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt field turns= 52\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.5, Page Number:944"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "p=50*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "z=400\n",
-      "commuter=4\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "segments=z/a\n",
-      "theta=pole*360.0/segments\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360)\n",
-      "extra=atd/ish\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"demagnetisation=\",atd,\"AT\"\n",
-      "print \"extra shunt turns/poles\",extra"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "demagnetisation= 820.0 AT\n",
-        "extra shunt turns/poles 164.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.6, Page Number:943"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "theta=10.0#degrees\n",
-      "lambda_=1.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*p))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "atd=z*i*theta/360\n",
-      "extra=lambda_*atd/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)cross magnetization ampere-turns=\",atc\n",
-      "print \"ii)back ampere-turns\",atd\n",
-      "print \"iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns\",int(extra)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)cross magnetization ampere-turns= 2777.77777778\n",
-        "ii)back ampere-turns 1388.88888889\n",
-        "iii)series turns required to balance the demagnetising ampere turns 9\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.7, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=22.38#kW\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "z=840\n",
-      "commutator=140\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ish=1.8#A\n",
-      "back=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=p*1000.0/efficiency\n",
-      "input_i=motor_input/v\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "i=ia/2.0\n",
-      "theta=back*360/commutator\n",
-      "atd=z*i*(theta/360.0)\n",
-      "atc=((1/(2.0*pole))-(theta/360.0))*z*i\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole=\",atd\n",
-      "print \"distorting amp-turns/pole=\",atc"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature demagnetization amp-turns/pole= 251.998140496\n",
-        "distorting amp-turns/pole= 2687.98016529\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.8, Page Number:945"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ia=1000#A\n",
-      "p=10\n",
-      "z=860\n",
-      "per=0.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "at=per/p*z*(i/2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"AT/pole for compensation winding=\",at"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "AT/pole for compensation winding= 3010.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.9, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "segment=123\n",
-      "wb=3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=n/60.0*segment\n",
-      "commutation=wb/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commutation time=\",commutation*1000,\"millisecond\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commutation time= 1.82926829268 millisecond\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.10, Page Number:948"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "d=30#cm\n",
-      "ia=150#A\n",
-      "wb=1.25#cm\n",
-      "L=0.07*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=ia/2\n",
-      "v=3.14*d*(n/60)\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 19.782 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.11, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "segments=55\n",
-      "n=900\n",
-      "wb=1.74\n",
-      "L=153*math.pow(10,-6)#H\n",
-      "i=27#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=segments*n/60\n",
-      "Tc=wb/v\n",
-      "E=L*2*i/Tc\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"average emf=\",E,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "average emf= 3.91732758621 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.12, Page Number:949"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=150.0#A\n",
-      "z=64\n",
-      "wb=1.2\n",
-      "L=0.05#mH\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "L=L*0.001\n",
-      "v=n/60*z\n",
-      "tc=wb/v\n",
-      "i=ia/p\n",
-      "#i.linear\n",
-      "E1=L*2*i/tc\n",
-      "#ii.sinusoidal\n",
-      "E2=1.11*E1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Linear commutation,E=\",E1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Sinosoidal commutation,E=\",E2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Linear commutation,E= 5.0 V\n",
-        "Sinosoidal commutation,E= 5.55 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.13, Page Number:951"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "B=0.5#Wb/m2\n",
-      "Ig=4.0#mm\n",
-      "ia=500.0#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "arm_mmf=z*(ia/p)/(2*p)\n",
-      "compole=int(B*Ig*0.001/(4*3.14*math.pow(10,-7)))\n",
-      "mag=0.1*compole\n",
-      "total_compole=int(compole+mag)\n",
-      "total_mmf=arm_mmf+total_compole\n",
-      "Ncp=total_mmf/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of turns on each commutating pole=\",int(Ncp)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of turns on each commutating pole= 11\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.14, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p1=100.0#kW\n",
-      "V1=250#V\n",
-      "p2=300.0#kW\n",
-      "V2=250#V\n",
-      "i1=200#A\n",
-      "i2=500#A\n",
-      "il=600#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "delI1=p1/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "delI2=p2/(p1+p2)*il\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load=\",delI1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load=\",delI2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current supplied by generator 1 with additional load= 150.0 A\n",
-        "Current supplied by generator 2 with additional load= 450.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 92
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.15, Page Number:957"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v_nl1=270#V\n",
-      "v_l=220#V\n",
-      "il1=35#A\n",
-      "v_nl2=280#V\n",
-      "il2=50#A\n",
-      "il=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v_nl1-v_l\n",
-      "vd_pa=vd1/il1#voltage drop per ampere\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd_pa2=(v_nl2-v_l)/il2\n",
-      "#270=(10/7)i1=280-1.2*i2\n",
-      "ans=solve([4.2*i2-5*i1-35,i1+i2-60],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v_nl2-vd_pa2*ans[i2]\n",
-      "o1=v*ans[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=v*ans[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output current of first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1)\n",
-      "print \"output current of second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1)\n",
-      "print \"output of first machine=\",round(o1,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second machine=\",round(o2,1),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output current of first machine= 23.6\n",
-        "output current of second machine= 36.4\n",
-        "output of first machine= 5.7 kW\n",
-        "output of second machine= 8.9 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.16, Page Number:958"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rf=20#ohm\n",
-      "i=4000#A\n",
-      "v1=210#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#V+(i1+v/20)*0.01=210\n",
-      "#V+(i2+v/20)*0.01=220\n",
-      "#solving the above two equations we have i1-i2=1000\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1-i2-1000,i1+i2-4000],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=solve([v1-(ans[i1]+v/20)*0.01-v],[v])\n",
-      "o1=V[v]*ans[i1]/1000\n",
-      "o2=V[v]*ans[i2]/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",V[v],\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"output of first generator=\",o1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"output of second generator=\",o2,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Bus bar voltage= 184.907546226887 V\n",
-        "output of first generator= 462.268865567216 kW\n",
-        "output of second generator= 277.361319340330 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.17, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "i=250.0#A\n",
-      "v1=50.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=100.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.06\n",
-      "r2=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#generator 1\n",
-      "vd1=v*r1\n",
-      "il1=v1*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d1=vd1/il1\n",
-      "#generator 2\n",
-      "vd2=v*r2\n",
-      "il2=v2*1000/v\n",
-      "i_d2=vd2/il2\n",
-      "#3i1/10=i2/10\n",
-      "ans=solve([i1+i2-i,3*i1-i2],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "v=v-(3*ans[i1]/10)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to first machine=\",round(ans[i1],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to second machine=\",round(ans[i2],1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(v,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to first machine= 62.5 A\n",
-        "current delivered to second machine= 187.5 A\n",
-        "terminal voltage= 481.3 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.18, Page Number:959"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x1=Symbol('x1')\n",
-      "x2=Symbol('x2')\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "w1=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=119.0#V\n",
-      "w2=200.0#kW\n",
-      "v2=116.0#V\n",
-      "i=3500.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-119)(x1/100)] for generator 1\n",
-      "#v=125-[(125-116)(x2/100)] for generator 2\n",
-      "#(250x1*1000/100)+(200x2*1000/100)=v*3500\n",
-      "#v=125-6x1/100\n",
-      "ans=solve([(250.0*x1*1000.0/100.0)+(200.0*(2.0*x1*1000.0)/300.0)-((125.0-((6.0*x1)/100.0))*3500.0)],[x1])\n",
-      "V=v-(6.0*ans[x1]/100.0)\n",
-      "ans2=solve([V-(v-((v-v2)*(x2/100.0)))],[x2])\n",
-      "ratio=ans[x1]/ans2[x2]\n",
-      "I=solve([ratio-((i1*w2)/(i2*w1)),i1+i2-i],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(I[i1],0),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(I[i2],0),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 2283.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 1217.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.19, Page Number:960"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "IA=Symbol('IA')\n",
-      "IB=Symbol('IB')\n",
-      "va1=240.0#V\n",
-      "va2=220.0#v\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "vb1=245.0#V\n",
-      "vb2=220.0#V\n",
-      "ib=150.0#A\n",
-      "i=300.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=solve([(va1-((va1-va2)*IA/ia))-(vb1-((vb1-vb2)*IB/ib)),IA+IB-i],[IA,IB])\n",
-      "vbus=va1-((va1-va2)*I[IA]/ia)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",round(I[IA],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",round(I[IB],2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"V bus=\",round(vbus,2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 168.75 A\n",
-        "IB= 131.25 A\n",
-        "V bus= 223.13 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.20, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=Symbol('i1')\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "n=5.0#number ofshunt generators\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=250.0#kW\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "incr=0.04#increase in current\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=p/n\n",
-      "o=load*1000.0/v\n",
-      "a_drop=ra*o\n",
-      "emf=v+a_drop\n",
-      "incr=incr*emf\n",
-      "emf1=emf+incr\n",
-      "#emf1-ra*i1=V\n",
-      "#emf-ra*i2=V\n",
-      "I=solve([emf1-emf-ra*(i1-i2),i1+4.1*i2-510],[i1,i2])\n",
-      "V=I[i1]+4.0*I[i2]#V=i1+4*i2\n",
-      "o1=V*I[i1]/1000.0\n",
-      "o2=V*I[i2]/1000.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power output of first machine=\",round(o1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output of second machine=\",round(o2,2),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage=\",round(V),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power output of first machine= 133.0 kW\n",
-        "Power output of second machine= 30.24 kW\n",
-        "Terminal voltage= 504.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.21, Page Number:961"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "i=1500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "emf1=400.0#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "emf2=440.0#V\n",
-      "rs1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs2=80.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#i2=1500-i1\n",
-      "#ish1=v/100, ish2=v/80\n",
-      "#ia1=i1+v/100, ia2=i2+v/80\n",
-      "ans=solve([(0.5/0.04)-((emf1-1.005*V)/(1.0005*V-380))],[V])\n",
-      "i1=(emf1-1.005*ans[V])/0.5\n",
-      "i2=i-i1\n",
-      "o1=ans[V]*i1/1000\n",
-      "o2=ans[V]*i2/1000\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2,2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage=\",round(ans[V],2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 33.86 A\n",
-        "I2= 1466.14 A\n",
-        "Terminal Voltage= 381.16 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.22, Page Number:962"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v1=250#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "rf1=100#ohm\n",
-      "v2=248#V\n",
-      "ra2=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "rf2=100#ohm\n",
-      "i=40#A\n",
-      "ir=0.172#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([V+((I+V/rf1)*ra1)-v1,V+((I+V/rf2)*ra2)-v2],[I,V])\n",
-      "ib=i-2*ans[I]\n",
-      "vd=ib*ir\n",
-      "eb=ans[V]+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf of battery=\",round(eb),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf of battery= 248.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.23, Page Number:963"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=400#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "vb=410#V\n",
-      "rb=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "V=390#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loada=(va-V)/ra\n",
-      "loadb=(vb-V)/rb\n",
-      "pa=loada*V\n",
-      "pb=loadb*V\n",
-      "net_v=vb-va\n",
-      "total_r=ra+rb\n",
-      "i=net_v/total_r\n",
-      "terminal_v=va+(i*ra)\n",
-      "power_AtoB=terminal_v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",terminal_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power=\",power_AtoB,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 15.3846153846 A\n",
-        "Voltage= 403.846153846 V\n",
-        "Power= 6213.01775148 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 27.24, Page Number:964"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=Symbol('v')\n",
-      "i=500.0#A\n",
-      "ra1=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "ra2=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "sw1=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "sw2=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "e1=240.0#V\n",
-      "e2=244.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "V=solve([(((e1-v)/ra1)+((e2-v)/ra2)-i)],[v])\n",
-      "i1=(e1-V[v])/ra1\n",
-      "i2=(e2-V[v])/ra2\n",
-      "#ratio of series winding (1/0.004):(1/0.0006) or 3:2\n",
-      "is1=i*3/5\n",
-      "is2=i*2/5\n",
-      "vbus=V[v]-(is1*sw1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"I1=\",round(i1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"I2=\",round(i2),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Current in series winding:\"\n",
-      "print \"generator A=\",round(is1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"generator B=\",round(is2),\"B\"\n",
-      "print \"Bus bar voltage=\",round(vbus,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "I1= 200.0 A\n",
-        "I2= 300.0 A\n",
-        "Current in series winding:\n",
-        "generator A= 300.0 A\n",
-        "generator B= 200.0 B\n",
-        "Bus bar voltage= 236.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_i133Mfc.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_i133Mfc.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index aebdac51..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_i133Mfc.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:7d0991402755fd2e3c1083bccec70e0a43143da000e9a99e70877269e1fdc43a"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 31: Testing of DC Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.1, Page Number:1092"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l=38.1#kg\n",
-      "d=63.53*0.01#cm\n",
-      "v=12#rps\n",
-      "i=49#A\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=d/2\n",
-      "torque=l*r*9.81\n",
-      "power=torque*2*3.14*v\n",
-      "motor_input=i*V\n",
-      "efficiency=power*100/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output power=\",round(power),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(efficiency),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output power= 8947.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 83.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(a), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "spring_b1=10.0#kg\n",
-      "spring_b2=35.0#kg\n",
-      "d=40*0.01#m\n",
-      "v=950.0#rpm\n",
-      "V=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=30.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "F=(spring_b2-spring_b1)*9.81\n",
-      "N=v/60\n",
-      "R=d/2\n",
-      "tsh=F*R\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*N\n",
-      "output=tsh*omega\n",
-      "motor_input=V*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 4877.205 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.28675 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(b), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "t1=2.9#kg\n",
-      "t2=0.17#kg\n",
-      "r=7*0.01#m\n",
-      "i=2.0#A\n",
-      "V=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "force=(t1-t2)*9.81\n",
-      "torque=force*r\n",
-      "output=torque*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(V*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",torque,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1.874691 N-m\n",
-        "output 294.326487 W\n",
-        "efficiency 63.984018913 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.3, Page Number:1095"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_noload=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=i-ish\n",
-      "culoss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_noload-culoss\n",
-      "ia=32-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(output/input_)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 70.1754545455 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.4, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/r\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "Ia=I-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=Ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_lossa\n",
-      "input_nl1=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_nl1-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_nl\n",
-      "Eb1=V-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=V-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "change=math.fabs((Eb1-Eb2)/Eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*10,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",change*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 16852.5 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 84.2625 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= 5.64617314931 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.5, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=44.76#kW\n",
-      "i=13.25#A\n",
-      "ish=2.55#A\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p_nl=v*i\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "bd_loss=2*ia\n",
-      "variable_loss=bd_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "w=p_nl-variable_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-p*1000-w-2*I-ra*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v\n",
-      "e=p*1000/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Full load current=\",round(il),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Full load efficiency=\",round(e*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Full load current= 226.0 A\n",
-        "Full load efficiency= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.6, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "o=17.158#kW\n",
-      "inpt=20.2#KW\n",
-      "rf=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "o2=7.46#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loss1=inpt*1000.0-o*1000.0\n",
-      "ic=inpt*1000.0/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=ic-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "const_loss=loss1-cu_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-o2*1000.0-(ra*I**2)-const_loss],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v/1000.0\n",
-      "e=o2*1000*100/(pin*1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(il),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 74.1 %\n",
-        "power input= 50.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.7, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92#kW\n",
-      "ia=6.5#A\n",
-      "ish=2.2#A\n",
-      "i=70.0#A\n",
-      "pd=3.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ic_nl=ia+ish\n",
-      "pi=v*ic_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*pd/i\n",
-      "const_loss=pi-cu_lossa\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*I+cu_loss-p*1000-const_loss-(pd/i)*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "ic=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=v*ic\n",
-      "e=p*1000*100/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.8, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=200*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i1=36.0#A\n",
-      "I1=12.0#A\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "pd=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=400.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ia=i1-I1\n",
-      "ra=pd/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_nl=v*i1\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "output_i=p/v\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/(p+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "output_i=p/(2*v)\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/((p/2+total_loss)*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at half load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at full load= 91.3736344667 %\n",
-        "efficiency at half load= 89.6559292335 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.9, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92*1000#W\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpn\n",
-      "rsh=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=78.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_=0.8*p/e\n",
-      "total_loss=input_-0.8*p\n",
-      "input_i=input_/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "ra=total_loss/(2*(ia**2))\n",
-      "Ia=i-ish\n",
-      "total_loss2=Ia**2*ra+total_loss/2\n",
-      "input__=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=(input__-total_loss2)*100/input__\n",
-      "Eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=v-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "n2=(n*Eb2)/Eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"r.p.m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 86.9450046554 %\n",
-        "speed= 678.443304738 r.p.m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.10(a), Page Number:1101"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#W\n",
-      "i2=90.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=p/v\n",
-      "efficiency=math.sqrt(i1/(i1+i2))*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.11, Page Number:1102"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "motor_i=100#A\n",
-      "shunt_i1=3#A\n",
-      "shunt_i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "cu_loss=500#W\n",
-      "cu_lossa=361#W\n",
-      "ia=85#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "mech_core_stray_loss=0.5*((v*i)-(motor_i**2*ra)-(ia**2*ra))\n",
-      "cu_motor=v*shunt_i1\n",
-      "generator_motor=v*shunt_i2\n",
-      "total_loss=mech_core_stray_loss+cu_motor+generator_motor\n",
-      "input_=v*i+cu_motor\n",
-      "output=v*ia*10**(-3)\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss*10**(-3)+1.07+0.36\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eficiency= 89.8045430534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.12, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "i=48#A\n",
-      "i1=3#a\n",
-      "i2=3.5#A\n",
-      "motor_i=230#A\n",
-      "ra=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "cu_loss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=motor_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i1\n",
-      "total_cu_lossm=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "arm_i=233-i+i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=arm_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=arm_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i2\n",
-      "total_cu_lossg=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#set\n",
-      "totalcu_loss=total_cu_lossm+total_cu_lossg\n",
-      "total_input=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_input-totalcu_loss\n",
-      "strayloss_per=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor efficiency\n",
-      "input_=233*v\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossm+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",e,\"%\"\n",
-      "#generator efficiency\n",
-      "input_=110*185\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossg+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "100\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.4590884705 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 88.5893642506 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.13, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable series\n",
-      "v=500.0#A\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#w\n",
-      "auxiliary_i=30.0#A\n",
-      "output_i=200.0#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "i2=1.8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.075#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=2.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_arm=output_i+auxiliary_i\n",
-      "motorarm_culoss=(motor_arm**2*ra)+(motor_arm*2)\n",
-      "motorfield_culoss=v*i2\n",
-      "generatorarm_culoss=(output_i**2*ra)+(output_i*2)\n",
-      "generatoefield_culoss=v*i1\n",
-      "total_culoss=motorarm_culoss+motorfield_culoss+generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss\n",
-      "power=v*auxiliary_i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-total_culoss\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "total_loss=generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss+permachine\n",
-      "output=v*output_i\n",
-      "e=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 93.1001175389 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.14, Page Number:1104"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "motor_i=400.0#A\n",
-      "i1=6.0#A\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(motor_i-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*motor_i)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(motor_i-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 92.3148148148 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 91.4642857143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 77
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.15, Page Number:1105"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ia=380.0#A\n",
-      "i1=5.0#A\n",
-      "i2=4.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(ia-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*ia)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.7038001041 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 95.2121212121 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.16, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "v2=190.0#V\n",
-      "t=30#sec\n",
-      "t2=20#sec\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "avg_i=i/2\n",
-      "power=avg_v*avg_i\n",
-      "W=power*(t2/(t-t2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Stray loss=\",W,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Stray loss= 4100.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 85
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.17, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "n1=1525.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1475.0#ohm\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "p=1000.0#W\n",
-      "t2=20.0#sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "N=(n1+n2)/2\n",
-      "w=p*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(w*dt)/((2*3.14/60)**2*N*dN)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Moment of Inertia=\",I,\"kg-m2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Moment of Inertia= 121.708791432 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.18, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "v2=225.0#V\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "t2=6.0#ohm\n",
-      "iavg=10.0#A\n",
-      "i2=25.0#A\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "w_=avg_v*iavg\n",
-      "W=w_*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "ish=v3/r\n",
-      "ia=i2-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_shunt=v3*ia\n",
-      "total_loss=W+cu_loss+v3\n",
-      "e=((v*i2)-total_loss)/(v*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "734.210526316\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.7564912281 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.19, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n1=1030#rpm\n",
-      "n2=970#rpm\n",
-      "t1=36#sec\n",
-      "t2=15#sec\n",
-      "t3=9#sec\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "v=219#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "W=v*i*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(W*t2)/((2*3.14/60)**2*n*dN)\n",
-      "Wm=W*t2/t1\n",
-      "iron_loss=W-Wm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)moment of inertia=\",I,\"kg.m2\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)mechanical losses=\",Wm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)moment of inertia= 74.9650087225 kg.m2\n",
-        "ii)iron loss= 1916.25 W\n",
-        "iii)mechanical losses= 1368.75 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.20, Page Number:1110"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "iam=56.0#A\n",
-      "vam=590.0#V\n",
-      "vdm=40.0#V\n",
-      "iag=44.0#A\n",
-      "vag=400.0#V\n",
-      "vdg=40.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_total=(vdm+vam)*iam\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "total_loss=input_total-output\n",
-      "rse=vdg/iam\n",
-      "cu_loss=((r+2*rse)*iam**2)+(iag**2*r)\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "permachine=strayloss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "inputm=vam*iam\n",
-      "culossm=(r+rse)*iam**2\n",
-      "totallossm=culossm+permachine\n",
-      "output=inputm-totallossm\n",
-      "em=output*100/inputm\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "inputg=vag*iag\n",
-      "culossg=(r)*iag**2\n",
-      "totalloss=culossg+permachine+(vdm*iam)\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "eg=output*100/(output+totalloss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",em,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",eg,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "motor efficiency= 72.6997578692 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 67.0220868241 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_lFaQS0L.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_lFaQS0L.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6653720b..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_lFaQS0L.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2354 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:102ba4bcb83ebd9f77c7c3f970c6e3d48b2bd31161c690d1b5c67b800706b1d0"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 29: D.C. Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.1, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#as generator \n",
-      "eg=v+i*r\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "eb=v-i*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"as generator:eg=\",eg,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"as motor:eb=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "as generator:eg= 230.0 V\n",
-        "as motor:eb= 210.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.2, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=Symbol('ia')\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "brush_drop=2#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n2=700#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=v/i\n",
-      "eg1=v+i*r+brush_drop\n",
-      "eg2=eg1*n2/n\n",
-      "ia=solve(eg2-2-ia*r-2.5*ia,ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to the load=\",ia[0],\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to the load= 69.7692307692308 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.3, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200#ohm\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "im=output*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=im-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "back emf= 425.642780749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.4, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#as generator\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "As generator: power= 26.12424 kW\n",
-        "As generator: power= 23.92376 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.5, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=32\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "ra=2.0#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=i+v/rf\n",
-      "eg=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eg*a*60/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "ia=i2-v/rf\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi,\"wb\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the machine=\",math.ceil(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 0.42375 wb\n",
-        "speed of the machine= 850.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.6, Page Number:1002"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=110#A\n",
-      "v=480#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "z=864\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 636.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 755.568 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.7, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=782\n",
-      "ra=rf=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 705.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 248.676 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.8, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=eb*ia\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"machanical power=\",pm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 79.5833333333 N-m\n",
-        "machanical power= 12500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.9, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=800\n",
-      "load=8.2#kW\n",
-      "ia=45#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "a=p/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=load*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 286.2 N-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 270.618131415 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.10, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=2*i\n",
-      "fb1=v-(i*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia2*ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/fb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when torque is doubled=\",n2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when torque is doubled= 476.19047619 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.11, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "ra=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2#v\n",
-      "i=1.8#A\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/v\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "il=ratio*il\n",
-      "ia=il-i\n",
-      "r=solve(ia*(r+ra)+vd-v,r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load shaft torque\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"total resistance=\",r[0],\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load line current= 124.333333333 A\n",
-        "full-load shaft torque 356.215 N-m\n",
-        "total resistance= 3.82420021762787 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.12, Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "output=5.595#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "phi=30*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",tsh*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 804.481481481 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed= 66.4182473183 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(a), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=20.0#kW\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "phi=0.04#Wb\n",
-      "z=160\n",
-      "il=95.0#A\n",
-      "inl=9.0#A\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ea0=v-(inl-i)*ra\n",
-      "n0=ea0*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "#load\n",
-      "ea=v-(il-i)*ra\n",
-      "n=ea*n0/ea0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load speed=\",n0,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"load speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load speed= 1030.5 rpm\n",
-        "load speed= 1014.375 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(b), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "i=400#A\n",
-      "n=350#rpm\n",
-      "phi=80*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "z=600*2\n",
-      "loss=0.03#percentage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=phi*z*n*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "pa=e*i\n",
-      "t=pa/(2*3.14*n/60)\n",
-      "t_net=0.97*t\n",
-      "bhp=t_net*36.67*0.001/0.746\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"brake-horse-power\",bhp,\"HP\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "brake-horse-power 291.551578696 HP\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(c), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=774\n",
-      "phi=24*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "t=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 295.3584 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(d), Page Number:1005"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ih=v/rf\n",
-      "pi=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=cu_loss=v*ih\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(il+ih)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_a+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 87.8312542029 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(e), Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delcration\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "loss=0.5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+loss*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output of the motor=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output of the motor= 7.82 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.14, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=400.0#N\n",
-      "d=10.0#cm\n",
-      "n=840#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1800#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=.80\n",
-      "d2=24.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "tsh=f*d*0.01/2\n",
-      "output=tsh*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "input_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "d1=n*d2/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the motor=\",round(i),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"size of motor pulley=\",d1,\"cm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the motor= 10.0 A\n",
-        "size of motor pulley= 11.2 cm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.15, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=280\n",
-      "ia=45.0#A\n",
-      "phi=18*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5+0.3#ohm\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "d=0.41\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*60*a/(phi*z*p*4)\n",
-      "inpt=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "f=tsh*2/d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pull at the rim of the pulley=\",f,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pull at the rim of the pulley= 628.016180845 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.16, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "output=11.19#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "i=1#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1#V\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output*1000/n\n",
-      "phi=eb*60*a*1000/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=ia*2\n",
-      "power=input_a-(cu_loss+brush_loss)\n",
-      "rotational_loss=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*(ia+i)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"total torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux/pole=\",phi,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",rotational_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "total torque= 112.2125 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 106.8645 N-m\n",
-        "flux/pole= 13.0555555556 mWb\n",
-        "rotational losses= 460.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.4215686275 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 106
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.17, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=30.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2_by_t1=i2**2/i**2\n",
-      "change=(1-t2_by_t1)*100#percentage\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in torque=\",change,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 679.127725857 rpm\n",
-        "percentage change in torque= 43.75 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.18, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "output=55.95#kW\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "I=252.8#kg-m2\n",
-      "ia1=1.4\n",
-      "ia2=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ia1+ia2)/2\n",
-      "n=n/60.0\n",
-      "tsh=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque_avg=(ia-1)*tsh\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque_avg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"approximate time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "approximate time to attain full speed= 46.4050282991 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.19, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "I=7.5#kg-m2\n",
-      "ratio=1.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=n/60\n",
-      "t=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque=(ratio-1)*t\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "time to attain full speed= 4.4055406613 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 138
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.20, Page Number:1009"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=944\n",
-      "phi=34.6*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ta=209.0#N-m\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=3.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=ta/(0.159*phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "ea=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=ea/(phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n*60,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 20.1219966813 A\n",
-        "speed= 403.798260345 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.21, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#v\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-ish)*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-(i2-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when loaded=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when loaded= 966.21078037 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.22, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=100#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=25#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.45\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor runs=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor runs= 1940.37940379 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.23, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115.0#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=2.5#A\n",
-      "n2=1120#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra*ia\n",
-      "x=n2*eb1/n1\n",
-      "ia2=solve((v-ra*ia2)-x,ia2)\n",
-      "ia=ia2[0]+(v/rf)\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",round(ia,1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(input_m,1),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 35.0 A\n",
-        "power input= 8050.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.24, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=100.0#kW\n",
-      "n1=300#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=10.0#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rf=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=power*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra+2*vd\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n1/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 278.796797778 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.25, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by whih armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia2=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n0=n*eb0/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n0/(eb0*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of machine=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of machine= 960.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.26, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ooutput=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb_inst=eb1*(1-ratio)\n",
-      "ia_inst=(v-eb_inst)/ra\n",
-      "t_inst=9.55*eb_inst*ia_inst/n\n",
-      "ia2=i/(1-ratio)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 93.75 A\n",
-        "speed= 1224.66216216 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 191
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.27, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#A\n",
-      "v2=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "input_m=8.0#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "il=input_m*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=il-ish\n",
-      "ra=v2/i2\n",
-      "eb0=v-ish*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss=ish**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=inpt-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_arm=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_arm\n",
-      "output=input_m*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_m*1000)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed on load=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "speed on load= 623.943661972 rpm\n",
-        "torque= 103.0636 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 197
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.28, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=11#kW\n",
-      "inl=5#A\n",
-      "n_nl=1150#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=v*inl\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=inl-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss_a+constant_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(load*1000)\n",
-      "eb_nl=v-(ia0*ra)\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=n_nl*eb/eb_nl\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque developed= 87.096 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.5361818182 %\n",
-        "the speed= 1031.57894737 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.29, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vb=3#V\n",
-      "rf=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ia=80.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when current is 100 A=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when current is 100 A= 473.949579832 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.30, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia1=i*math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*ia1)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor will run when developing half the torque=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when motor will run when developing half the torque= 1147.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.31, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25#A\n",
-      "v=450#V\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "phi=1.7*0.01*math.pow(ia,0.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=n*phi*z*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "iara=v-eb\n",
-      "ra=iara/ia\n",
-      "i=math.pow((phi*ia*math.sqrt(ia)/(phi*2)),2.0/3.0)\n",
-      "eb2=v/2-i*ra\n",
-      "phi2=1.7*0.01*math.pow(i,0.5)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*phi*n/(eb*phi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor will run=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor will run= 372.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 224
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.32, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def f(ia,t):\n",
-      "    n=(v*ia-ia**2*ra)*60/(2*3.14*t)\n",
-      "    return(n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "n1=f(20.0,128.8)\n",
-      "n2=f(30.0,230.5)\n",
-      "n3=f(40.0,349.8)\n",
-      "n4=f(50.0,469.2)\n",
-      "T=[128.8,230.5,349.8,469.2]\n",
-      "N=[n1,n2,n3,n4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(T,N)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Torque(NM.m)\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Speed(rpm)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,500))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,800))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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bJA3a2e9iVslBYf1eRDwdEUdHxNHAxcD30/tjImJLV/tJqvb//z8A3B3ZDLeQ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\nRK5CYII=\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dc6a50>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.33, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=5.968#kW\n",
-      "n=700#rpm\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "n2=600#rpm\n",
-      "ra=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "loss=450#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fp(i,v):\n",
-      "    p=5.968*((n2*(v1-i*ra)/(v*n))**2)\n",
-      "    return(p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fm(i,v):\n",
-      "    m=((v1-i*ra)*i-loss)/1000\n",
-      "    return(m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=fp(7.0,347.0)\n",
-      "p2=fp(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "p3=fp(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "p4=fp(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "m1=fm(7.0,347.8)\n",
-      "m2=fm(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "m3=fm(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "m4=fm(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "I=[7,10.5,14,27.5]\n",
-      "P=[p1,p2,p3,p4]\n",
-      "M=[m1,m2,m3,m4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,P)\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,M)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Current\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Power(kW)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,30))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,12))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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TpkHnzjBqFHToEHY1qWfjto3cPfVunpr1FDe2uZF+x/WjcoXKYZclaSLeYwBVgSuAfsAh\n7h6X688VAMntww/h/PPhtdeCOYSkcO7Oa4tf44YJN9CuXjsGnzKYg/Y+KOyyJM2UdQtgH34/A6gN\n0AL4gt9PCX29dOXucr0KgCQ3eTJcdBG88Qa01Rxku7VwxUL6jO3D6s2rebTTo5xY78SwS5I0VdYB\nsJJg0Hc6MA34zN03lbrKwopSAKSEiRPhb3+Dt96C444Lu5rks3bLWgZlDuKlBS9xR/s76N66OxXK\naf5FiZ+yvifwAe5+FvCKu3+Y/+AfmyBOIuzUU2H48GBgeObMsKtJHnmTth059Eg2ZW9i0XWL6Pnn\nnjr4S9Ip0hiAmc0Gznb3H2LP2wND3b1JXIpSCyClvP02XHUVjB0LLVuGXU24Zi6bSe+xvQF47IzH\naF27dcgVSZTEZRA49m3/CeBMoCVwD3Cmu39f0kILWZ8CIMWMGQM9esD48dC8edjVJN7KjSsZ+P5A\n3vniHe7pcA9dm3fVpG2ScMUNgCK1Sd19ppn1ASYS3A/gVHdfUcIaJQ116QI5OdCxYzA20CQubcPk\nk5Obw5OfPcmdH9zJpU0vZUnPJZq0TVJGYfcDeHuHRVWAtcCw2Ld0TQwgv7nggiAETjstuOH8kUeG\nXVF8ffjth/R6rxc1qtYgs1smRx1wVNgliRRLYS2A+wtY5oDFfov8wcUXByFwyinBqaING4ZdUdlb\ntm4ZN068kY+++4j7T7uf8xufr0nbJCUVFgAfunvu7l5gZuUKe41Ey2WXQXZ2EAJTpsBhh4VdUdnY\nmrOVBz95kCHTh3Bt62t55qxnqFapWthliZRYYQEw2cxGA//Nf9tHM6tEcFvIbsAU4PnirNTM9gWe\nBY4iaElc4e6fFOczJLldcUXQEujQATIzg9tNprKxX4yl77i+NKrRiE+v+pQG1RuEXZJIqRUWAJ0I\npn542cwOJej/3wMoD0wAHizhXcEeBt5z9/PNrAKgr1Fp6JprghA4+eQgBOrVC7ui4vvql6/oP74/\nWauyeLjjw5xxuKZClfRR5LmAYt/6awCb3X1NiVcYTC8xx913Oe+tTgNNL488Av/+Nzz+OJxzTtjV\nFM2m7E3cM/UenvjsCW5ocwP9j+uvSdsk6ZX5dQCxb+gL3b1RaYuLfd7RwFPAYqA5weyifXe4ylgB\nkGY++ACuvhpatAgCoWbNsCsqmLszOms010+4njZ123DfqfdRZ+86YZclUiRlfh2Au+eY2edmVs/d\nvy1deb+tsyXQK3Z9wUPAzcDt+V80aNCg3x5nZGSQkZFRBquWsLRvH9xe8s47oVkzuO++YLA4mU6e\nWbxyMb3H9mbFxhUM7zycjPoZYZcksluZmZlkZmaW+P1FvRJ4KsFMoDOAvJvClOg6ADOrRXAvgUNi\nz9sCN7v7mfleoxZAGps9G668Eg44AJ56CurXD7eeX7f8yp0f3MnI+SO5/cTb6XFMD83bIykpLlcC\nA7cVsKxER2h3/9nMvjezI9x9KXAKsKgknyWpqWVLmDED7r8fWreG226DXr2gfFzuLrF7Y7LG0PO9\nnpxx+Bksum4RB1Q7IPFFiISkOIPA9YHD3H1S7MYwFdx9XYlWatac4DTQSsBXwOXu/mu+v6sFEBGf\nfx6MDWRnw7Bh0LhxYtb765Zf6TOuD9O+m8aILiNoU7dNYlYsEkdlPR103odeA7xGMHgLUAcYU/zy\nAu4+z92Pcffm7n5u/oO/REvDhsEpot26BeME//gHbNsW33VO/noyzZ5sRtUKVZl77Vwd/CWyijoG\nMI/gnsCfuHuL2LIF7t40LkWpBRBJ338fzCj67bdBa+DPfy7bz9+cvZmB7w/k1cWv8uxZz9Lp8E5l\nuwKRkMWlBQBsdfet+VZSAc0FJGWsbt3g3gIDBwY3mRkwADZuLPx9RTH7p9m0fqY1y9YvY/6183Xw\nF6HoAfCBmd0KVDWzUwm6g3acKVSk1MyCCeUWLoQVK6Bp02Bm0ZLKyc3hrg/vouOLHbm13a28cv4r\n/Knqn8quYJEUVtQuoHLAVcBpsUXjgWfj1U+jLiDJ8957cO21we0nhwyB/fYr+nuXrl5K1zFd2avy\nXjx/zvO6oEvSXry6gE4CRrr7+bGfZ3SElkQ44wxYtAiqVAluMvPGG4W/x915fObjtBnWhkubXcr4\nS8fr4C9SgKK2AEYAxwFrgA9jPx+VZk6gQtanfJGdfPRRcO/ho46Cxx6DAw/c+TXL1i3jireuYM3m\nNYzsMpKGNdLwhgQiuxCXFoC7d3X3I4AuwPfAUGBlyUoUKZm2bWHuXGjUKLjv8HPPQf7vCaMWjqLl\n0y1pU6cN066YpoO/SCGK2gK4DGgLNCM48H9E0AKYHpei1AKQQsydG0wnUb06/PuRX7hvcU/m/jyX\nkV1G0rp267DLEwlFmc8GGvvQ1QRX7D4BZLr71yUvsQhFKQCkCHJy4Noh43l+9ZWcUP083ut/L3vu\nUSXsskRCE69B4BoEN4bZA/iXmc0wsxdLUqBIWdi4bSN9x/dkQuWree7s4ZQb/zAd2ldh4cKwKxNJ\nHUUNgL2Ag4F6QH1gX0D3AZZQfPLDJ7R4qgXrtq1jfo/5dGvXgcmTgy6hk06CO+6ArVsL/xyRqCtq\nF9B8YBowleBG8T/EtSh1AUkBsrdn848P/sEzs5/hsTMe4/zG5+/0mmXL4Lrr4Msvg+kkjjsuhEJF\nQhKXMYB8H74XwX0ANpSkuGKsRwEgf7B45WIuG3MZtfasxbNnPcuBexVwDmiMO7z2GvTtCxdeCHfd\nBXvumcBiRUISr9lAm5rZHIJ5+xeb2Swza1LSIkWKKtdzefDjBznx+RPp3qo771z8zm4P/hBMJ/HX\nvwbTSaxZE0wnMWFCggoWSSFF7QL6GBjo7lNizzOAu909LvPoqgUgAN/9+h1/f/PvbN2+lRGdR9Cg\neoMSfc64ccF0EhkZ8MADwamjIukoXmcBVc07+AO4eyZQrZi1iRSJuzN87nBaPd2K0xqcxod//7DE\nB3+Ajh1hwQLYe+9gOonXXvvjBWQiUVXUFsCbwCxgJGDA34BW7t4lLkWpBRBZKzeupPs73fnily8Y\n2WUkR9c6ukw/f/r04GyhRo1g6FCoXbtMP14kVPFqAVwOHAC8AYwG9ie4LkCkzLyz9B2aP9mcw6of\nxmdXf1bmB3+ANm2Cq4ibNg2mk3j2WbUGJLp22wIwsyrAtcBhwHzgOXfPjntRagFEyvqt6xkwfgCT\nvp7E8M7DObHeiQlZ7/z5QWsgNxfatYNmzYJQaNw4mH1UJNWU6WmgZvYqsI1g7p+OwLfu3rfUVRZW\nlAIgMqZ+O5Vub3bj5ENO5oHTH2DvynsndP05OcE9iefOhXnzglBYuhQOOeT3QMj7fdBBwRlGIsmq\nrAPgt/v+xm4DOTPvnsDxpABIf1tztnL7lNsZOX8kT575JGc3PDvskn6zbRssWfJ7IOT9zs4OwiB/\nMBx1lFoLkjzKOgDm5D/g7/g8XhQA6W3ez/O4bMxlNKjegKfPfJr9q+0fdklFsnz5HwNh3rygtVC/\n/h9bCs2aQZ06ai1I4pV1AGwHNuVbVAXYHHvs7h6X9roCID1tz93OkOlDGPLxEIacOoSuzbtiKX6U\nzGst7BgM27bt3IWk1oLEW1yngkgUBUD6+d+a/9F1TFcqlq/IC+e8QL1964VdUlzltRbyB8PSpVCv\n3s7BoNaClBUFgCQVd2f4vOHcOPFGBrYdSN/j+lLOinr2cXrZtg0+/3znsYWtW3ceW2jSRK0FKT4F\ngCSNdVvX0ePdHsz9eS6jzhtF05pNwy4pKa1YsXMX0uefB62F5s3VWpCiUwBIUpi5bCYXj76YDod0\n4MGOD1K1YtWwS0op2dkFn4mUv7WQf2yhqv7zCgoACVmu5/LAxw8weNpghp4xlAuOuiDsktJKXmsh\nfyh8/jkcfPDOYwt166q1EDUpEwBmVh74DPjB3c/a4W8KgBS0YuMKur3ZjV+3/MpL571E/X3rh11S\nJGRn7zy2MG8ebNlS8JlIai2kr1QKgAFAK2Avdz97h78pAFLMpP9Notub3ejWvBt3ZtxJxfIVwy4p\n8tRaiJ6UCAAzqwO8APwLGKAWQOrK3p7N7VNuZ8T8EYzoPIIOh3YIuyTZjYJaC/Pnw+bNBZ+JpNZC\nakmVAHgNuBvYG7hBAZCavln7DRePvpj99tiPFzq/wAHVDgi7JCmhlSsLPhOpbt2dr3I++GC1FpJV\ncQOgQjyLKYiZnQmscPc5sTuLFWjQoEG/Pc7IyCAjY5cvlRC8tug1er7Xk5tOuIn+x/eP7Ln96WL/\n/aFDh+AnT15rIS8QHn88+L1pU8FjC9V0i6iEy8zMJDMzs8TvT3gLwMzuBi4DcoA9CFoBo929a77X\nqAWQpDZlb6LfuH5M/noyo84fRevarcMuSRIsr7WQv8WwZEnQWtgxGNRaSKyU6AL6beVm7VEXUMpY\nuGIhF75+IS1qteDxvzye8KmbJXllZwdTXew4trBxY8FjC2otxEcqBsD1Ogsoubk7T816itum3JY2\nk7hJYqxcGdyPOX8wLFkSXNG849hCvXpqLZRWSgXArigAkseazWu4+u2r+WrNV4w6bxQNazQMuyRJ\ncbtrLeTdqjMvGNRaKB4FgJSZad9N429v/I1zGp7D4FMHU7lC5bBLkjS2atXOYwtZWUFrYcexBbUW\nCqYAkFLbnrudez+6l0dnPMozZz3DWQ3PKvxNInGQk7Nza2HePNiwYedQUGtBASCl9OP6H7n0jUvJ\n9Vz+c+5/OGjvg8IuSWQnai0UTAEgJfbu0ne58q0rue6Y67i13a2UL1c+7JJEiqyg1sL8+bB+/c5n\nIjVtmp6tBQWAFNvWnK3c8v4tjM4azYtdXqRdvXZhlyRSZlat2vlMpKwsOOignc9Eql8/tVsLCgAp\nli9Wf8FFoy/i4H0OZtjZw6hepXrYJYnEXV5rYcfpL9avL/hMpD33DLviolEASJGNnDeSARMGcGfG\nnfRo3UPn9kvkrV6989jC4sVBa2HHsYVkbC0oAKRQ67eup+d7Pfnsx88Ydf4omtVsFnZJIkkrJwe+\n+GLnsYV164LWwo5jC2G2FhQAsluzf5rNRa9fxIn1TuThjg9TrVIajoSJJMDq1TuPLSxeDLVr/x4I\n55wDRx+duJoUAFIgd+fhTx/m7ql382inR7mwyYVhlySSdvJaC3mB0LYtnHFG4tavAJCdrNy4ksv/\nezkrN63k5fNe5tD9Dg27JBGJg+IGgCZxT3NTvp5Ci6dacNT+R/HR5R/p4C8iv0n4DWEkMXJyc7gz\n806GzRnGC51f4LQGp4VdkogkGQVAGvru1++4ZPQlVKtUjTnd51Bzz5phlyQiSUhdQGnmjaw3OOaZ\nYzi74dmM/dtYHfxFZJfUAkgTm7M3c/2E6xn35Tjeuugtjq1zbNgliUiSUwCkiVk/zWLtlrXM6T6H\nffbYJ+xyRCQF6DRQEZE0odNARUSkSBQAIiIRpQAQEYkoBYCISEQpAEREIkoBICISUQoAEZGIUgCI\niESUAkBEJKIUACIiEZXwADCzumY2xcwWmdlCM+uT6BpERCSEuYDMrBZQy93nmtmewCygs7tn5XuN\n5gISESmmpJ8LyN1/dve5sccbgCygdqLrEBGJulDHAMysPtAC+DTMOkREoii0AIh1/7wO9I21BERE\nJIFCuSGMmVUERgMvuvubBb1m0KBBvz3OyMggIyMjIbWJiKSKzMxMMjMzS/z+MAaBDRgOrHb3/rt4\njQaBRUSKqbiDwGEEQFvgQ2A+kLfyW9x9XL7XKABERIop6QOgKBQAIiLFl/SngYqISHJQAIiIRJQC\nQEQkohQAIiIRpQAQEYkoBYCISEQpAEREIkoBICISUQoAEZGIUgCIiESUAkBEJKIUACIiEaUAEBGJ\nKAWAiEhEKQBERCJKASAiElEKABGRiFIAiIhElAJARCSiFAAiIhGlABARiSgFgIhIRCkAREQiSgEg\nIhJRCgARkYhSAIiIRJQCQEQkohQAIiIRFUoAmFlHM1tiZl+Y2U1h1CAiEnUJDwAzKw88BnQEGgMX\nm9mRia4jTJmZmWGXEFfpvH3pvG2g7YuaMFoAfwa+dPdv3D0bGAWcE0IdoUn3/wnTefvSedtA2xc1\nYQTAQcC/vEDRAAAFQElEQVT3+Z7/EFsmIiIJFEYAeAjrFBGRHZh7Yo/HZnYcMMjdO8ae3wLkuvu/\n871GISEiUgLubkV9bRgBUAH4HOgA/AjMAC5296yEFiIiEnEVEr1Cd88xs17AeKA8MEwHfxGRxEt4\nC0BERJJD0l0JnO4XiZnZN2Y238zmmNmMsOspDTN7zsyWm9mCfMuqm9lEM1tqZhPMbN8wayyNXWzf\nIDP7Ibb/5phZxzBrLA0zq2tmU8xskZktNLM+seVpsQ93s30pvw/NbA8z+9TM5sa2bVBsebH2XVK1\nAGIXiX0OnAIsA2aSZuMDZvY10Mrdfwm7ltIys3bABmCEuzeNLRsMrHL3wbEA38/dbw6zzpLaxfbd\nAax39wdCLa4MmFktoJa7zzWzPYFZQGfgctJgH+5m+/5KGuxDM6vq7pti46ofAX2B8yjGvku2FkBU\nLhIr8ih9MnP3qcCaHRafDQyPPR5O8A8uJe1i+yB99t/P7j439ngDkEVwTU5a7MPdbB+kwT50902x\nh5WAigSn2Bdr3yVbAEThIjEHJpnZZ2Z2ddjFxEFNd18ee7wcqBlmMXHS28zmmdmwVO0e2ZGZ1Qda\nAJ+Shvsw3/Z9EluU8vvQzMqZ2VyCfTTB3WdQzH2XbAGQPP1R8XOCu7cAOgE9Y90MacmD/sV026dP\nAIcARwM/AfeHW07pxbpHRgN93X19/r+lwz6Mbd/rBNu3gTTZh+6e6+5HA3WAY82syQ5/L3TfJVsA\nLAPq5ntel6AVkDbc/afY75XAGIJur3SyPNb3ipkdCKwIuZ4y5e4rPAZ4lhTff2ZWkeDgP9Ld34wt\nTpt9mG/7XszbvnTbh+7+KzAFOJ1i7rtkC4DPgMPNrL6ZVQIuBN4KuaYyY2ZVzWyv2ONqwGnAgt2/\nK+W8BXSLPe4GvLmb16ac2D+qPF1I4f1nZgYMAxa7+0P5/pQW+3BX25cO+9DMauR1XZlZFeBUgjGO\nYu27pDoLCMDMOgEP8ftFYveEXFKZMbNDCL71Q3AR3n9SefvM7GWgPVCDoL/xduC/wKvAwcA3wF/d\nfW1YNZZGAdt3B5BB0HXgwNdA93x9rinFzNoCHwLz+b2r4BaCq/NTfh/uYvsGAheT4vvQzJoSDPKW\nJ/gi/4q732Vm1SnGvku6ABARkcRIti4gERFJEAWAiEhEKQBERCJKASAiElEKABGRiFIAiIhElAJA\nIsPMapnZKDP7MjYX07tmdngC19/ezI5P1PpECqMAkEiIXRU6Bpjs7oe5e2uCi56KNNGZmZXb3fMi\nOgloU4L3icSFAkCi4iRgm7s/nbfA3ecDFczs7bxlZvaYmXWLPf7GzO41s1nABQU8P83MppvZLDN7\nNTa9R977BsWWzzezhrHZKLsD/WM3IWmbuE0XKZgCQKKiCcENQQqTfwZFJ7i5Rit3fyX/c+B94Fag\nQ+z5LGBAvvetjC1/ArjB3b8BngQecPcW7v5RGW2XSIkl/KbwIiEp6Zwnr+zi+XFAY2B60LtEJWB6\nvte9Efs9Gzg33/KUvxGJpA8FgETFIuD8Apbn8MeWcJUd/r5xN88nuvslu1jf1tjv7ejfmSQpdQFJ\nJLj7ZKBy/ruwmVkzgm/kjc2sUmx63ZOL+JGfAieYWYPYZ1UrwhlF64G9il+9SHwoACRKugCnxE4D\nXQj8i+COUK8CCwm6d2bv5v2/dSPFbujzd+BlM5tH0P3TcBfvyXvf20CX2CDwCaXcFpFS03TQIiIR\npRaAiEhEKQBERCJKASAiElEKABGRiFIAiIhElAJARCSiFAAiIhGlABARiaj/D6p919PNp3KzAAAA\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dfd050>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.34, Page Number:1022"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "ia=3.5#A\n",
-      "ib=4.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "loss=v*i\n",
-      "#B unexcited\n",
-      "loss1=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "#B excited\n",
-      "loss2=v*(ib-i)\n",
-      "loss=loss2-loss1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"iron losses of B=\",loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "iron losses of B= 500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.35, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=5.0#A\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "i2=52.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=round(eb2*n/eb1,0)\n",
-      "input_nl=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss_l=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_l\n",
-      "input_l=v*i2\n",
-      "output=input_l-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.36, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.37, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.22#A\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia0=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia0*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "per=(eb-eb0)*100/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",round(per,2),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 90.8 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= -4.19 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 244
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.38, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ebh=v-ia1*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(ebh*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "ta1=9.55*eb1*ia1/n\n",
-      "ta2=9.55*eb2*ia2/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in first case=\",ta1,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in second case=\",ta2,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1010.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque in first case= 57.11664 N-m\n",
-        "torque in second case= 110.3912768 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 247
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.39, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "eb1=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb2=v-(i-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(i-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.44 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 254
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.40, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=120*8\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "loss=810#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_shunt=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_loss_shunt\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque= 70.288 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 60.2946209124 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.1936 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 256
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.41, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1150#rpm\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "z=620\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=74.8#A\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i2\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eb*a*60/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "power=eb*ia\n",
-      "loss_rot=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "per=total_loss*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi*1000,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",loss_rot,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"total losses expressed as a percentage of power=\",per,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 9.07321178121 mWb\n",
-        "torque developed= 128.575818783 N-m\n",
-        "rotational losses= 562.952 W\n",
-        "total losses expressed as a percentage of power= 13.2759823297 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 263
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.42, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ra*ia**2\n",
-      "loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output*1000+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i2=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "input_m1=v*i2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100000/input_m1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((input_m-cu_loss_a)/ra)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "output_a=input_a-(cu_loss+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"output power at which efficiency is maximum=\",output_a/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 79.5621535016683 %\n",
-        "output power at which efficiency is maximum= 10.2179357944 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 271
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.43, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n2_by_n1=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "ia2_by_ia1=phi1_by_phi2=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "v2_by_v1=n2_by_n1*phi1_by_phi2\n",
-      "reduction_v=(1-v2_by_v1)*100\n",
-      "reduction_i=(1-ia2_by_ia1)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage=\",reduction_v,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage fall in the motor current=\",reduction_i,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage= 75.0 %\n",
-        "percentage fall in the motor current= 50.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 272
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.44, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "loss=900#W\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f+loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output/1000,\"Kw\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency==\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "useful torque= 206.28 N-m\n",
-        "output= 7.938 Kw\n",
-        "efficiency== 79.38 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.45, Page Number:1027"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "i=4#A\n",
-      "n=660#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "rf=270#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_a=loss=v*ia\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia1[0]*ra)\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((cu_loss+input_a)/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the current input=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current at which efficiency is maximum=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the current input= 90.2860908863713 A\n",
-        "speed= 623.0 rpm\n",
-        "armature current at which efficiency is maximum= 78.3156008298 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 280
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_lsoSAFi.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_lsoSAFi.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6653720b..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_lsoSAFi.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2354 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:102ba4bcb83ebd9f77c7c3f970c6e3d48b2bd31161c690d1b5c67b800706b1d0"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 29: D.C. Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.1, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#as generator \n",
-      "eg=v+i*r\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "eb=v-i*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"as generator:eg=\",eg,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"as motor:eb=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "as generator:eg= 230.0 V\n",
-        "as motor:eb= 210.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.2, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=Symbol('ia')\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "brush_drop=2#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n2=700#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=v/i\n",
-      "eg1=v+i*r+brush_drop\n",
-      "eg2=eg1*n2/n\n",
-      "ia=solve(eg2-2-ia*r-2.5*ia,ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current delivered to the load=\",ia[0],\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current delivered to the load= 69.7692307692308 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.3, Page Number:999"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200#ohm\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "im=output*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=im-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "back emf= 425.642780749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.4, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#as generator\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "power=eb*ia/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"As generator: power=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "As generator: power= 26.12424 kW\n",
-        "As generator: power= 23.92376 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.5, Page Number:1000"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=32\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "ra=2.0#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=i+v/rf\n",
-      "eg=v+ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eg*a*60/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "#as motor\n",
-      "ia=i2-v/rf\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi,\"wb\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the machine=\",math.ceil(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 0.42375 wb\n",
-        "speed of the machine= 850.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.6, Page Number:1002"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=110#A\n",
-      "v=480#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "z=864\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 636.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 755.568 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.7, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=782\n",
-      "ra=rf=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=60*eb/(phi*z)\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the speed= 705.0 rpm\n",
-        "the gross torque= 248.676 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.8, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=eb*ia\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"machanical power=\",pm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 79.5833333333 N-m\n",
-        "machanical power= 12500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.9, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=800\n",
-      "load=8.2#kW\n",
-      "ia=45#A\n",
-      "phi=25*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "a=p/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ta=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=load*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 286.2 N-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 270.618131415 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 32
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.10, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=2*i\n",
-      "fb1=v-(i*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia2*ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/fb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when torque is doubled=\",n2,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when torque is doubled= 476.19047619 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.11, Page Number:1003"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "ra=0.24#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2#v\n",
-      "i=1.8#A\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/v\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "il=ratio*il\n",
-      "ia=il-i\n",
-      "r=solve(ia*(r+ra)+vd-v,r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load shaft torque\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"total resistance=\",r[0],\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load line current= 124.333333333 A\n",
-        "full-load shaft torque 356.215 N-m\n",
-        "total resistance= 3.82420021762787 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.12, Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "output=5.595#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "phi=30*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",tsh*1000,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 804.481481481 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed= 66.4182473183 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 43
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(a), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=20.0#kW\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "phi=0.04#Wb\n",
-      "z=160\n",
-      "il=95.0#A\n",
-      "inl=9.0#A\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ea0=v-(inl-i)*ra\n",
-      "n0=ea0*a*60/(phi*z*p)\n",
-      "#load\n",
-      "ea=v-(il-i)*ra\n",
-      "n=ea*n0/ea0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load speed=\",n0,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"load speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load speed= 1030.5 rpm\n",
-        "load speed= 1014.375 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(b), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "i=400#A\n",
-      "n=350#rpm\n",
-      "phi=80*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "z=600*2\n",
-      "loss=0.03#percentage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=phi*z*n*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "pa=e*i\n",
-      "t=pa/(2*3.14*n/60)\n",
-      "t_net=0.97*t\n",
-      "bhp=t_net*36.67*0.001/0.746\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"brake-horse-power\",bhp,\"HP\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "brake-horse-power 291.551578696 HP\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(c), Page Number:1004"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=774\n",
-      "phi=24*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "t=0.159*phi*z*ia*p/a\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 295.3584 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(d), Page Number:1005"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ih=v/rf\n",
-      "pi=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=cu_loss=v*ih\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(il+ih)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_a+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 87.8312542029 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.13(e), Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delcration\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "loss=0.5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+loss*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output of the motor=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output of the motor= 7.82 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.14, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=400.0#N\n",
-      "d=10.0#cm\n",
-      "n=840#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1800#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=.80\n",
-      "d2=24.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "tsh=f*d*0.01/2\n",
-      "output=tsh*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "input_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "d1=n*d2/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the motor=\",round(i),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"size of motor pulley=\",d1,\"cm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the motor= 10.0 A\n",
-        "size of motor pulley= 11.2 cm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.15, Page Number:1006"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=280\n",
-      "ia=45.0#A\n",
-      "phi=18*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5+0.3#ohm\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "d=0.41\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*60*a/(phi*z*p*4)\n",
-      "inpt=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "f=tsh*2/d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pull at the rim of the pulley=\",f,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pull at the rim of the pulley= 628.016180845 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.16, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "output=11.19#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "i=1#A\n",
-      "z=540\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1#V\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output*1000/n\n",
-      "phi=eb*60*a*1000/(z*n*p)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=ia*2\n",
-      "power=input_a-(cu_loss+brush_loss)\n",
-      "rotational_loss=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*(ia+i)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"total torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux/pole=\",phi,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",rotational_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "total torque= 112.2125 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 106.8645 N-m\n",
-        "flux/pole= 13.0555555556 mWb\n",
-        "rotational losses= 460.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.4215686275 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 106
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.17, Page Number:1007"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "i2=30.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2_by_t1=i2**2/i**2\n",
-      "change=(1-t2_by_t1)*100#percentage\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in torque=\",change,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 679.127725857 rpm\n",
-        "percentage change in torque= 43.75 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.18, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "output=55.95#kW\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "I=252.8#kg-m2\n",
-      "ia1=1.4\n",
-      "ia2=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ia1+ia2)/2\n",
-      "n=n/60.0\n",
-      "tsh=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque_avg=(ia-1)*tsh\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque_avg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"approximate time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "approximate time to attain full speed= 46.4050282991 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.19, Page Number:1008"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "n=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "I=7.5#kg-m2\n",
-      "ratio=1.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n=n/60\n",
-      "t=output*1000/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "torque=(ratio-1)*t\n",
-      "dt=(I*2*3.14*n)/torque\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"time to attain full speed=\",dt,\"s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "time to attain full speed= 4.4055406613 s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 138
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.20, Page Number:1009"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "z=944\n",
-      "phi=34.6*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ta=209.0#N-m\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=3.0#ohm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=ta/(0.159*phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "ea=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=ea/(phi*z*(p/a))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n*60,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 20.1219966813 A\n",
-        "speed= 403.798260345 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.21, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#v\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-ish)*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-(i2-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when loaded=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when loaded= 966.21078037 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.22, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=100#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=25#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.45\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor runs=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor runs= 1940.37940379 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.23, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115.0#ohm\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=2.5#A\n",
-      "n2=1120#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra*ia\n",
-      "x=n2*eb1/n1\n",
-      "ia2=solve((v-ra*ia2)-x,ia2)\n",
-      "ia=ia2[0]+(v/rf)\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",round(ia,1),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(input_m,1),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= 35.0 A\n",
-        "power input= 8050.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.24, Page Number:1010"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "power=100.0#kW\n",
-      "n1=300#rpm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "load=10.0#kW\n",
-      "ra=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rf=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=power*1000/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "eb=v+ia*ra+2*vd\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n1/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 278.796797778 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.25, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by whih armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia2=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n0=n*eb0/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n0/(eb0*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of machine=\",math.floor(n),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of machine= 960.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.26, Page Number:1011"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ooutput=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb_inst=eb1*(1-ratio)\n",
-      "ia_inst=(v-eb_inst)/ra\n",
-      "t_inst=9.55*eb_inst*ia_inst/n\n",
-      "ia2=i/(1-ratio)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 93.75 A\n",
-        "speed= 1224.66216216 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 191
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.27, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#A\n",
-      "v2=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "input_m=8.0#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "il=input_m*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=il-ish\n",
-      "ra=v2/i2\n",
-      "eb0=v-ish*ra\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*n/eb0\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "cu_loss=ish**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=inpt-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_arm=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_arm\n",
-      "output=input_m*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_m*1000)\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed on load=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "speed on load= 623.943661972 rpm\n",
-        "torque= 103.0636 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 197
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.28, Page Number:1012"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=11#kW\n",
-      "inl=5#A\n",
-      "n_nl=1150#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=v*inl\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=inl-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss_a+constant_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(load*1000)\n",
-      "eb_nl=v-(ia0*ra)\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=n_nl*eb/eb_nl\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"the speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque developed= 87.096 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.5361818182 %\n",
-        "the speed= 1031.57894737 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.29, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "vb=3#V\n",
-      "rf=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ia=80.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-i2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia*n/(eb1*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when current is 100 A=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when current is 100 A= 473.949579832 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.30, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia1=i*math.sqrt(ratio)\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*i*n/(eb1*ia1)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor will run when developing half the torque=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when motor will run when developing half the torque= 1147.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.31, Page Number:1013"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25#A\n",
-      "v=450#V\n",
-      "z=500\n",
-      "phi=1.7*0.01*math.pow(ia,0.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=n*phi*z*p/(60*a)\n",
-      "iara=v-eb\n",
-      "ra=iara/ia\n",
-      "i=math.pow((phi*ia*math.sqrt(ia)/(phi*2)),2.0/3.0)\n",
-      "eb2=v/2-i*ra\n",
-      "phi2=1.7*0.01*math.pow(i,0.5)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*phi*n/(eb*phi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which motor will run=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which motor will run= 372.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 224
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.32, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=460.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def f(ia,t):\n",
-      "    n=(v*ia-ia**2*ra)*60/(2*3.14*t)\n",
-      "    return(n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "n1=f(20.0,128.8)\n",
-      "n2=f(30.0,230.5)\n",
-      "n3=f(40.0,349.8)\n",
-      "n4=f(50.0,469.2)\n",
-      "T=[128.8,230.5,349.8,469.2]\n",
-      "N=[n1,n2,n3,n4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(T,N)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Torque(NM.m)\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Speed(rpm)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,500))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,800))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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bJA3a2e9iVslBYf1eRDwdEUdHxNHAxcD30/tjImJLV/tJqvb//z8A3B3ZDLeQ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\nRK5CYII=\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dc6a50>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.33, Page Number:1017"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=5.968#kW\n",
-      "n=700#rpm\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "n2=600#rpm\n",
-      "ra=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "loss=450#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fp(i,v):\n",
-      "    p=5.968*((n2*(v1-i*ra)/(v*n))**2)\n",
-      "    return(p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "def fm(i,v):\n",
-      "    m=((v1-i*ra)*i-loss)/1000\n",
-      "    return(m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=fp(7.0,347.0)\n",
-      "p2=fp(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "p3=fp(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "p4=fp(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "m1=fm(7.0,347.8)\n",
-      "m2=fm(10.5,393.0)\n",
-      "m3=fm(14.0,434.0)\n",
-      "m4=fm(27.5,468.0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "I=[7,10.5,14,27.5]\n",
-      "P=[p1,p2,p3,p4]\n",
-      "M=[m1,m2,m3,m4]\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,P)\n",
-      "plt.plot(I,M)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"Current\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Power(kW)\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,30))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0,12))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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TpkHnzjBqFHToEHY1qWfjto3cPfVunpr1FDe2uZF+x/WjcoXKYZclaSLeYwBVgSuAfsAh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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb558dfd050>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.34, Page Number:1022"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "ia=3.5#A\n",
-      "ib=4.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "loss=v*i\n",
-      "#B unexcited\n",
-      "loss1=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "#B excited\n",
-      "loss2=v*(ib-i)\n",
-      "loss=loss2-loss1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"iron losses of B=\",loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "iron losses of B= 500.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.35, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=5.0#A\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "i2=52.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=round(eb2*n/eb1,0)\n",
-      "input_nl=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss_nl=ia1**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss_l=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_l\n",
-      "input_l=v*i2\n",
-      "output=input_l-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.36, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.37, Page Number:1023"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ia=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.22#A\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia0=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb0=v-ia0*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "per=(eb-eb0)*100/eb0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",round(per,2),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 90.8 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= -4.19 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 244
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.38, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "i2=50#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.03#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "vd=1\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ebh=v-ia1*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "ia2=i2-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-2*vd\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(ebh*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "ta1=9.55*eb1*ia1/n\n",
-      "ta2=9.55*eb2*ia2/n2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in first case=\",ta1,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"torque in second case=\",ta2,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1010.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque in first case= 57.11664 N-m\n",
-        "torque in second case= 110.3912768 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 247
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.39, Page Number:1024"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4.0#A\n",
-      "i=40.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.04#percentage by which the armature reaction weakens field\n",
-      "eb1=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "eb2=v-(i-ish)*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "input_m=v*ia\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=(i-ish)**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "inpt=v*i\n",
-      "output=inpt-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.44 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 254
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.40, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "z=120*8\n",
-      "a=4\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "i=25#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "loss=810#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_shunt=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_loss_shunt\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque= 70.288 N-m\n",
-        "useful torque= 60.2946209124 N-m\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.1936 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 256
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.41, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=14.92#kW\n",
-      "n=1150#rpm\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "z=620\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=74.8#A\n",
-      "i2=3#A\n",
-      "v=230#V\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=i-i2\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "phi=eb*a*60/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "power=eb*ia\n",
-      "loss_rot=power-output*1000\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "per=total_loss*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole=\",phi*1000,\"mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotational losses=\",loss_rot,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"total losses expressed as a percentage of power=\",per,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole= 9.07321178121 mWb\n",
-        "torque developed= 128.575818783 N-m\n",
-        "rotational losses= 562.952 W\n",
-        "total losses expressed as a percentage of power= 13.2759823297 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 263
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.42, Page Number:1025"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ra*ia**2\n",
-      "loss=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output*1000+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i2=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "input_m1=v*i2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100000/input_m1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((input_m-cu_loss_a)/ra)\n",
-      "input_a=v*ia\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "output_a=input_a-(cu_loss+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"output power at which efficiency is maximum=\",output_a/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 79.5621535016683 %\n",
-        "output power at which efficiency is maximum= 10.2179357944 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 271
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.43, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n2_by_n1=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "ia2_by_ia1=phi1_by_phi2=1.0/2.0\n",
-      "v2_by_v1=n2_by_n1*phi1_by_phi2\n",
-      "reduction_v=(1-v2_by_v1)*100\n",
-      "reduction_i=(1-ia2_by_ia1)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage=\",reduction_v,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage fall in the motor current=\",reduction_i,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in the motor terminal voltage= 75.0 %\n",
-        "percentage fall in the motor current= 50.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 272
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.44, Page Number:1026"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "phi=20*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "loss=900#W\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n=eb*a*60/(p*z*phi)\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f+loss\n",
-      "input_m=v*i\n",
-      "output=input_m-total_loss\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"useful torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output/1000,\"Kw\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency==\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "useful torque= 206.28 N-m\n",
-        "output= 7.938 Kw\n",
-        "efficiency== 79.38 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 275
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 29.45, Page Number:1027"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia1=Symbol('ia1')\n",
-      "output=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "i=4#A\n",
-      "n=660#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "rf=270#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_a=loss=v*ia\n",
-      "ia1=solve(ra*ia1**2-v*ia1+output+loss,ia1)\n",
-      "i=ia1[0]+ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=v-(ia1[0]*ra)\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "ia=math.sqrt((cu_loss+input_a)/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the current input=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current at which efficiency is maximum=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the current input= 90.2860908863713 A\n",
-        "speed= 623.0 rpm\n",
-        "armature current at which efficiency is maximum= 78.3156008298 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 280
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_n2YSl8Q.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_n2YSl8Q.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95eb9b1e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_n2YSl8Q.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,391 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:cd727f10a4caede23f6dcd22be7261834b049d15aeb309766271ec0c03a024c2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 36: Single-Phase Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.1, Page Number:1374"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=60\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "xo=xm+x2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zf=(((r2/s)*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jf=(((r2/s)*(r2/s)+(x2*xo))/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jf=math.degrees(math.atan(jf/zf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zb=(((r2/(2-s))*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jb=(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s))+(x2*xo))/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jb=math.degrees(math.atan(jb/zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zb\n",
-      "j01=jf+jb+J1\n",
-      "J01=math.degrees(math.atan(j01/z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zb\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "output=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output = \",output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output =  206.798750547\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.2, Page Number:1375"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=185\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "Xo=53.5\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "cl=3.5#core loss\n",
-      "fl=13.5#friction loss\n",
-      "vf=(82.5/100)*v\n",
-      "ic=(cl*100)/vf\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "rc=vf/ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 1\n",
-      "c=1/rc #conductance of corebranch\n",
-      "s=-(1/xm)#susceptance\n",
-      "a1=(r2/s)/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance\n",
-      "a1j=-x2/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance j\n",
-      "yf=c+a1\n",
-      "yfj=s+a1j\n",
-      "zf=(yf*yf)+(yfj*yfj)\n",
-      "zfr=yf/zf\n",
-      "zfj=yfj/zf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 2\n",
-      "a2=(r2/2-s)/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "a2j=-x2/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "yb=yf+a2\n",
-      "ybj=yfj+a2j\n",
-      "zb1=(yb*yb)+(ybj*ybj)\n",
-      "zbr=yb/zb1\n",
-      "zbj=ybj/zb1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zbr\n",
-      "z01j=J1+zfj+zbj\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zbr\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "watt=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "net_output=watt-fl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net output = \",net_output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net output =  -446.423232085\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.3, Page Number:1376"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=250\n",
-      "v=230\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "zm=4.5\n",
-      "zmj=3.7\n",
-      "za=9.5\n",
-      "zaj=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zma=math.degrees(math.atan(zmj/zm))\n",
-      "ialeadv=90-zma\n",
-      "x=za*(math.tan(math.radians(ialeadv)))\n",
-      "xc=x+zaj\n",
-      "c=1000000/(xc*2*50*3.14)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"C= \",c,\" uf\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C=  211.551875951  uf\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.4, Page Number:1393"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p=250\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "ra=20\n",
-      "la=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "#ac\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*la\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "nac=(ebac*ndc)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "pmech=ebac*ia\n",
-      "T=(pmech*9.55)/nac\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque= \",T,\" N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1606.22922133  rpm\n",
-        "Torque=  0.955  N-m\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.821013282424  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.5, Page Number:1394"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=30\n",
-      "l=0.5\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "idc=0.8\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "ia=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-      "ra=r\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(r*idc)\n",
-      "nac=(ndc*ebac)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1700.52062383  rpm\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.864635321971  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.6, Page Number:1396"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "w=8\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "v2=205\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "ns=(120*f)/pole\n",
-      "tsh=(9.55*w*1000)/ns\n",
-      "alpha=0.5*(math.degrees(math.asin((v*v*math.sin(math.radians(2*a)))/(v2*v2))))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V = \",alpha,\" degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V =  42.9327261097  degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ntrOIw3.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ntrOIw3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index aebdac51..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ntrOIw3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:7d0991402755fd2e3c1083bccec70e0a43143da000e9a99e70877269e1fdc43a"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 31: Testing of DC Machines"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.1, Page Number:1092"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "l=38.1#kg\n",
-      "d=63.53*0.01#cm\n",
-      "v=12#rps\n",
-      "i=49#A\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=d/2\n",
-      "torque=l*r*9.81\n",
-      "power=torque*2*3.14*v\n",
-      "motor_input=i*V\n",
-      "efficiency=power*100/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output power=\",round(power),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(efficiency),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output power= 8947.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 83.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(a), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "spring_b1=10.0#kg\n",
-      "spring_b2=35.0#kg\n",
-      "d=40*0.01#m\n",
-      "v=950.0#rpm\n",
-      "V=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=30.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "F=(spring_b2-spring_b1)*9.81\n",
-      "N=v/60\n",
-      "R=d/2\n",
-      "tsh=F*R\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*N\n",
-      "output=tsh*omega\n",
-      "motor_input=V*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 4877.205 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.28675 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.2(b), Page Number:1093"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "t1=2.9#kg\n",
-      "t2=0.17#kg\n",
-      "r=7*0.01#m\n",
-      "i=2.0#A\n",
-      "V=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "force=(t1-t2)*9.81\n",
-      "torque=force*r\n",
-      "output=torque*2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(V*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",torque,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1.874691 N-m\n",
-        "output 294.326487 W\n",
-        "efficiency 63.984018913 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.3, Page Number:1095"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_noload=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/rsh\n",
-      "ia0=i-ish\n",
-      "culoss=ia0**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_noload-culoss\n",
-      "ia=32-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "input_=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(output/input_)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 70.1754545455 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.4, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "I=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_nl=V*i\n",
-      "ish=V/r\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "Ia=I-ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=Ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=constant_loss+cu_lossa\n",
-      "input_nl1=V*I\n",
-      "output=input_nl1-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_nl\n",
-      "Eb1=V-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=V-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "change=math.fabs((Eb1-Eb2)/Eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*10,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage change in speed=\",change*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 16852.5 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 84.2625 %\n",
-        "percentage change in speed= 5.64617314931 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.5, Page Number:1096"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=44.76#kW\n",
-      "i=13.25#A\n",
-      "ish=2.55#A\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p_nl=v*i\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "bd_loss=2*ia\n",
-      "variable_loss=bd_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "w=p_nl-variable_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-p*1000-w-2*I-ra*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v\n",
-      "e=p*1000/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Full load current=\",round(il),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Full load efficiency=\",round(e*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Full load current= 226.0 A\n",
-        "Full load efficiency= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.6, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "o=17.158#kW\n",
-      "inpt=20.2#KW\n",
-      "rf=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "o2=7.46#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "loss1=inpt*1000.0-o*1000.0\n",
-      "ic=inpt*1000.0/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=ic-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "const_loss=loss1-cu_loss\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*(I+ish)-o2*1000.0-(ra*I**2)-const_loss],[I])\n",
-      "il=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=il*v/1000.0\n",
-      "e=o2*1000*100/(pin*1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e,1),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",round(il),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 74.1 %\n",
-        "power input= 50.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.7, Page Number:1097"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92#kW\n",
-      "ia=6.5#A\n",
-      "ish=2.2#A\n",
-      "i=70.0#A\n",
-      "pd=3.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ic_nl=ia+ish\n",
-      "pi=v*ic_nl\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*pd/i\n",
-      "const_loss=pi-cu_lossa\n",
-      "ans=solve([v*I+cu_loss-p*1000-const_loss-(pd/i)*I**2],[I])\n",
-      "ic=ans[0][0]+ish\n",
-      "pin=v*ic\n",
-      "e=p*1000*100/pin\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(e),\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.8, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=200*1000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i1=36.0#A\n",
-      "I1=12.0#A\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "pd=6.0#V\n",
-      "i2=400.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#no load\n",
-      "ia=i1-I1\n",
-      "ra=pd/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "input_nl=v*i1\n",
-      "constant_loss=input_nl-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "output_i=p/v\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/(p+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "output_i=p/(2*v)\n",
-      "ia=output_i+I1\n",
-      "cu_lossa=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_lossa+constant_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=p/((p/2+total_loss)*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at half load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at full load= 91.3736344667 %\n",
-        "efficiency at half load= 89.6559292335 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.9, Page Number:1098"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=14.92*1000#W\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpn\n",
-      "rsh=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "i=78.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_=0.8*p/e\n",
-      "total_loss=input_-0.8*p\n",
-      "input_i=input_/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=input_i-ish\n",
-      "ra=total_loss/(2*(ia**2))\n",
-      "Ia=i-ish\n",
-      "total_loss2=Ia**2*ra+total_loss/2\n",
-      "input__=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=(input__-total_loss2)*100/input__\n",
-      "Eb1=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "Eb2=v-(Ia*ra)\n",
-      "n2=(n*Eb2)/Eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"r.p.m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 86.9450046554 %\n",
-        "speed= 678.443304738 r.p.m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 48
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.10(a), Page Number:1101"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#W\n",
-      "i2=90.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=p/v\n",
-      "efficiency=math.sqrt(i1/(i1+i2))*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.4 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.11, Page Number:1102"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "motor_i=100#A\n",
-      "shunt_i1=3#A\n",
-      "shunt_i2=2.5#A\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "cu_loss=500#W\n",
-      "cu_lossa=361#W\n",
-      "ia=85#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "mech_core_stray_loss=0.5*((v*i)-(motor_i**2*ra)-(ia**2*ra))\n",
-      "cu_motor=v*shunt_i1\n",
-      "generator_motor=v*shunt_i2\n",
-      "total_loss=mech_core_stray_loss+cu_motor+generator_motor\n",
-      "input_=v*i+cu_motor\n",
-      "output=v*ia*10**(-3)\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss*10**(-3)+1.07+0.36\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"eficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eficiency= 89.8045430534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.12, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=110#V\n",
-      "i=48#A\n",
-      "i1=3#a\n",
-      "i2=3.5#A\n",
-      "motor_i=230#A\n",
-      "ra=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "cu_loss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=motor_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i1\n",
-      "total_cu_lossm=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "arm_i=233-i+i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=arm_i**2*ra\n",
-      "brush_loss=arm_i*2\n",
-      "totalarm_culoss=cu_loss+brush_loss\n",
-      "shunt_cu=v*i2\n",
-      "total_cu_lossg=totalarm_culoss+shunt_cu\n",
-      "#set\n",
-      "totalcu_loss=total_cu_lossm+total_cu_lossg\n",
-      "total_input=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_input-totalcu_loss\n",
-      "strayloss_per=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor efficiency\n",
-      "input_=233*v\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossm+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",e,\"%\"\n",
-      "#generator efficiency\n",
-      "input_=110*185\n",
-      "output=input_-(total_cu_lossg+strayloss_per)\n",
-      "e=output/input_*100\n",
-      "100\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.4590884705 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 88.5893642506 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.13, Page Number:1103"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable series\n",
-      "v=500.0#A\n",
-      "p=100*1000.0#w\n",
-      "auxiliary_i=30.0#A\n",
-      "output_i=200.0#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "i2=1.8#A\n",
-      "ra=0.075#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=2.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_arm=output_i+auxiliary_i\n",
-      "motorarm_culoss=(motor_arm**2*ra)+(motor_arm*2)\n",
-      "motorfield_culoss=v*i2\n",
-      "generatorarm_culoss=(output_i**2*ra)+(output_i*2)\n",
-      "generatoefield_culoss=v*i1\n",
-      "total_culoss=motorarm_culoss+motorfield_culoss+generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss\n",
-      "power=v*auxiliary_i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-total_culoss\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "total_loss=generatorarm_culoss+generatoefield_culoss+permachine\n",
-      "output=v*output_i\n",
-      "e=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 93.1001175389 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.14, Page Number:1104"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "motor_i=400.0#A\n",
-      "i1=6.0#A\n",
-      "i2=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=motor_i**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(motor_i-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*motor_i)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(motor_i-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 92.3148148148 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 91.4642857143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 77
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.15, Page Number:1105"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "ia=380.0#A\n",
-      "i1=5.0#A\n",
-      "i2=4.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motora_culoss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "generatora_culoss=(ia-i)**2*ra\n",
-      "power=v*i\n",
-      "stray_loss=power-(motora_culoss+generatora_culoss)\n",
-      "permachine=stray_loss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "total_motor_loss=motora_culoss+(v*i2)+permachine\n",
-      "motor_input=(v*ia)+v*i2\n",
-      "motor_e=(motor_input-total_motor_loss)/motor_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "total_gen_loss=generatora_culoss+(v*i1)+permachine\n",
-      "gen_output=v*(ia-i)\n",
-      "gen_e=(gen_output-total_gen_loss)/gen_output\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",motor_e*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency\",gen_e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor efficiency= 88.7038001041 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency 95.2121212121 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.16, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "v2=190.0#V\n",
-      "t=30#sec\n",
-      "t2=20#sec\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "avg_i=i/2\n",
-      "power=avg_v*avg_i\n",
-      "W=power*(t2/(t-t2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Stray loss=\",W,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Stray loss= 4100.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 85
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.17, Page Number:1107"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "n1=1525.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1475.0#ohm\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "p=1000.0#W\n",
-      "t2=20.0#sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "N=(n1+n2)/2\n",
-      "w=p*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(w*dt)/((2*3.14/60)**2*N*dN)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Moment of Inertia=\",I,\"kg-m2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Moment of Inertia= 121.708791432 kg-m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.18, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "v2=225.0#V\n",
-      "dt=25.0#sec\n",
-      "t2=6.0#ohm\n",
-      "iavg=10.0#A\n",
-      "i2=25.0#A\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "avg_v=(v+v2)/2\n",
-      "w_=avg_v*iavg\n",
-      "W=w_*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "ish=v3/r\n",
-      "ia=i2-ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_shunt=v3*ia\n",
-      "total_loss=W+cu_loss+v3\n",
-      "e=((v*i2)-total_loss)/(v*i2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "734.210526316\n",
-        "efficiency= 79.7564912281 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.19, Page Number:1108"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n1=1030#rpm\n",
-      "n2=970#rpm\n",
-      "t1=36#sec\n",
-      "t2=15#sec\n",
-      "t3=9#sec\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "v=219#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "W=v*i*(t2/(dt-t2))\n",
-      "dN=n1-n2\n",
-      "I=(W*t2)/((2*3.14/60)**2*n*dN)\n",
-      "Wm=W*t2/t1\n",
-      "iron_loss=W-Wm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)moment of inertia=\",I,\"kg.m2\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)mechanical losses=\",Wm,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)moment of inertia= 74.9650087225 kg.m2\n",
-        "ii)iron loss= 1916.25 W\n",
-        "iii)mechanical losses= 1368.75 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 31.20, Page Number:1110"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "iam=56.0#A\n",
-      "vam=590.0#V\n",
-      "vdm=40.0#V\n",
-      "iag=44.0#A\n",
-      "vag=400.0#V\n",
-      "vdg=40.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_total=(vdm+vam)*iam\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "total_loss=input_total-output\n",
-      "rse=vdg/iam\n",
-      "cu_loss=((r+2*rse)*iam**2)+(iag**2*r)\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "permachine=strayloss/2\n",
-      "#motor\n",
-      "inputm=vam*iam\n",
-      "culossm=(r+rse)*iam**2\n",
-      "totallossm=culossm+permachine\n",
-      "output=inputm-totallossm\n",
-      "em=output*100/inputm\n",
-      "#generator\n",
-      "inputg=vag*iag\n",
-      "culossg=(r)*iag**2\n",
-      "totalloss=culossg+permachine+(vdm*iam)\n",
-      "output=vag*iag\n",
-      "eg=output*100/(output+totalloss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor efficiency=\",em,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"generator efficiency=\",eg,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "motor efficiency= 72.6997578692 %\n",
-        "generator efficiency= 67.0220868241 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_nxmLE4m.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_nxmLE4m.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95eb9b1e..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_nxmLE4m.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,391 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:cd727f10a4caede23f6dcd22be7261834b049d15aeb309766271ec0c03a024c2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 36: Single-Phase Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.1, Page Number:1374"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=60\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "xo=xm+x2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zf=(((r2/s)*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jf=(((r2/s)*(r2/s)+(x2*xo))/(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jf=math.degrees(math.atan(jf/zf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "zb=(((r2/(2-s))*xm)/(((r2/s)*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "jb=(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s))+(x2*xo))/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(xo*xo)))*xm\n",
-      "Jb=math.degrees(math.atan(jb/zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zb\n",
-      "j01=jf+jb+J1\n",
-      "J01=math.degrees(math.atan(j01/z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zb\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "output=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output = \",output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output =  206.798750547\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.2, Page Number:1375"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=185\n",
-      "v=110\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "R1=1.86\n",
-      "X1=2.56\n",
-      "Xo=53.5\n",
-      "R2=3.56\n",
-      "X2=2.56\n",
-      "Xm=53.5\n",
-      "cl=3.5#core loss\n",
-      "fl=13.5#friction loss\n",
-      "vf=(82.5/100)*v\n",
-      "ic=(cl*100)/vf\n",
-      "r1=R1/2\n",
-      "x1=X1/2\n",
-      "r2=R2/2\n",
-      "x2=X2/2\n",
-      "xm=Xm/2\n",
-      "rc=vf/ic\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 1\n",
-      "c=1/rc #conductance of corebranch\n",
-      "s=-(1/xm)#susceptance\n",
-      "a1=(r2/s)/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance\n",
-      "a1j=-x2/(((r2/s)*r2/s)+(x2*x2))#admittance j\n",
-      "yf=c+a1\n",
-      "yfj=s+a1j\n",
-      "zf=(yf*yf)+(yfj*yfj)\n",
-      "zfr=yf/zf\n",
-      "zfj=yfj/zf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#motor 2\n",
-      "a2=(r2/2-s)/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "a2j=-x2/(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "Z1=R1\n",
-      "J1=X1\n",
-      "yb=yf+a2\n",
-      "ybj=yfj+a2j\n",
-      "zb1=(yb*yb)+(ybj*ybj)\n",
-      "zbr=yb/zb1\n",
-      "zbj=ybj/zb1\n",
-      "z01=Z1+zf+zbr\n",
-      "z01j=J1+zfj+zbj\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i1=v/z01\n",
-      "vf=i1*zf\n",
-      "vb=i1*zbr\n",
-      "z3=math.sqrt(((r2/s)*(r2/s))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "z5=math.sqrt(((r2/(2-s))*(r2/(2-s)))+(x2*x2))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "i3=vf/z3\n",
-      "i5=vb/z5\n",
-      "tf=(i3*i3*r2)/s\n",
-      "tb=t5=(i5*i5*r2)/(2-s)\n",
-      "t=tf-tb\n",
-      "watt=t*(1-s)\n",
-      "net_output=watt-fl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net output = \",net_output"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net output =  -446.423232085\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.3, Page Number:1376"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=250\n",
-      "v=230\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "zm=4.5\n",
-      "zmj=3.7\n",
-      "za=9.5\n",
-      "zaj=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zma=math.degrees(math.atan(zmj/zm))\n",
-      "ialeadv=90-zma\n",
-      "x=za*(math.tan(math.radians(ialeadv)))\n",
-      "xc=x+zaj\n",
-      "c=1000000/(xc*2*50*3.14)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"C= \",c,\" uf\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C=  211.551875951  uf\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.4, Page Number:1393"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p=250\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "ia=1\n",
-      "ra=20\n",
-      "la=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "#ac\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*la\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "nac=(ebac*ndc)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "pmech=ebac*ia\n",
-      "T=(pmech*9.55)/nac\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque= \",T,\" N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1606.22922133  rpm\n",
-        "Torque=  0.955  N-m\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.821013282424  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.5, Page Number:1394"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=30\n",
-      "l=0.5\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "idc=0.8\n",
-      "ndc=2000\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "ia=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "xa=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-      "ra=r\n",
-      "ebac=-(ia*ra)+math.sqrt((v*v)-((ia*xa)*(ia*xa)))\n",
-      "ebdc=v-(r*idc)\n",
-      "nac=(ndc*ebac)/ebdc\n",
-      "cos_phi=(ebac+(ia*ra))/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed= \",nac,\" rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"Power Factor= \",cos_phi,\" lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed=  1700.52062383  rpm\n",
-        "Power Factor=  0.864635321971  lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 36.6, Page Number:1396"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50\n",
-      "a=30\n",
-      "w=8\n",
-      "v=220\n",
-      "v2=205\n",
-      "pole=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "ns=(120*f)/pole\n",
-      "tsh=(9.55*w*1000)/ns\n",
-      "alpha=0.5*(math.degrees(math.asin((v*v*math.sin(math.radians(2*a)))/(v2*v2))))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V = \",alpha,\" degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Torque angle if voltage drops to 205 V =  42.9327261097  degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_qxxk2Xv.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_qxxk2Xv.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 447ef8ab..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_qxxk2Xv.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,388 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6743417a1c79c6197a7cd49755318e10828c09b3cb248c5af8d5364367840700"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 28: Generator Characteristics"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.13, Page Number:984"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "#emf increases by 1 V for every increase of 6 A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=96#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "voltageincrease=i/6\n",
-      "vd=i*ra\n",
-      "voltage_rise=voltageincrease-vd\n",
-      "vconsumer=v+voltage_rise\n",
-      "power_supplied=voltage_rise*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage supplied ot consumer= \",vconsumer,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"power supplied by the booster itself= \",power_supplied/1000,\" kW\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage supplied ot consumer=  234.08  V\n",
-        "power supplied by the booster itself=  1.35168  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.14, Page Number:985"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#V\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vd=i*r\n",
-      "voltage_decrease=v-vd\n",
-      "feeder_drop=v*r\n",
-      "booster_voltage=v*v/i1\n",
-      "voltage_net=feeder_drop-booster_voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Net decrease in voltage= \",voltage_net,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Net decrease in voltage=  2.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.15, Page Number:986"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inl=5.0#A\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "il=6.0#A\n",
-      "i_full=200.0#A(full load)\n",
-      "turns=1600\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "shunt_turns1=turns*inl\n",
-      "shunt_turns2=turns*il\n",
-      "increase=shunt_turns2-shunt_turns1\n",
-      "n=increase/i_full#number of series turns required\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Number of series turns required= \",n,\" tunrs/pole\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Number of series turns required=  8.0  tunrs/pole\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.16, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#turns/pole\n",
-      "series_winding=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "increase_i=0.2#A\n",
-      "ia=80#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "additional_at=n*increase_i\n",
-      "current_required=additional_at/series_winding\n",
-      "R=(current_required*r)/(ia-current_required)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Divertor resistance= \",R,\" ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Divertor resistance=  0.0833333333333  ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.17, Page Number:987"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50.0#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "divertor=0.14#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#short shunt\n",
-      "vd=i*rse\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "armature_drop=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+vd+armature_drop\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "print vd\n",
-      "E2=v+vd\n",
-      "current_divertor=(ia*divertor)/(divertor+rse)\n",
-      "change=(current_divertor/ia)*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)emf induced using short shunt= \",E\n",
-      "print \"b)emf induced using long shunt= \",E2\n",
-      "print \"c)series amp-turns are reduced to \",change,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "16.704\n",
-        "a)emf induced using short shunt=  236.44\n",
-        "b)emf induced using long shunt=  236.704\n",
-        "c)series amp-turns are reduced to  70.0  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.18, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=250*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "i=7#A\n",
-      "inl=12#A\n",
-      "shunt=650#turns/pole\n",
-      "series=4#turns/pole\n",
-      "rse=0.006#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i_fulload=p/v\n",
-      "shunt_increase=shunt*(inl-i)\n",
-      "ise=shunt_increase/series\n",
-      "i_d=i_fulload-ise\n",
-      "Rd=(ise*rse)/i_d\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load\",Rd,\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of the series amp-turns at no-load 0.0212751091703 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.19, Page Number:988"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "p=60.0*1000#W\n",
-      "n=1600.0#turns/pole\n",
-      "inl=1.25#A\n",
-      "vnl=125#V\n",
-      "il=1.75#A\n",
-      "vl=150.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "extra_excitation=n*(il-inl)\n",
-      "ise=p/vl\n",
-      "series=extra_excitation/ise\n",
-      "ise2=extra_excitation/3\n",
-      "i_d=ise-ise2\n",
-      "rd=(ise2*0.02)/i_d\n",
-      "reg=(vnl-vl)*100/vl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)minimum number of series turns/pole= \",series\n",
-      "print \"ii)divertor resistance= \",rd\n",
-      "print \"iii)voltage regulation= \",reg,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)minimum number of series turns/pole=  2.0\n",
-        "ii)divertor resistance=  0.04\n",
-        "iii)voltage regulation=  -16.6666666667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 28.20, Page Number:989"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=50.0#v\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "r=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i1=160.0#A\n",
-      "i2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#160 A\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "#50 A\n",
-      "vd2=i2*(r-(v/i))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 160 A=\",vd,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage drop at 50 A=\",vd2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage drop at 160 A= 8.0 V\n",
-        "voltage drop at 50 A= 2.5 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 33
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_r9cPZxQ.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_r9cPZxQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cee05..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_r9cPZxQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1433 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:62e227cc38186a0706017dd159987c82bd21be1d7e8602e20c55cf079ab30efe"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 33: Transformer:Three Phase"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.1, Page Number:1216"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vd=22000.0#V\n",
-      "vs=400.0#V\n",
-      "phi=0.8\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "v_phase_secondary=vs/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=(vs/vd)/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_primary=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_secondary=i_primary/K\n",
-      "il=i_secondary\n",
-      "output=math.sqrt(3)*il*vs*phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output=\",output/10000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output= 15.2420471066 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.2, Page Number:1217"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vls=11.0#kV\n",
-      "vld=33.0#kV\n",
-      "rh=35.0#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.876#ohm\n",
-      "iron_loss=3050.0#W\n",
-      "phi1=1.0\n",
-      "phi2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=(vls*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vld*1000)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i_Secondary=(w*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vls*1000)\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "fl_culoss=3*((w/(vls*math.sqrt(3)))**2)*r02\n",
-      "fl_totalloss=fl_culoss+iron_loss\n",
-      "fl_efficiency1=w*1000/(w*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "fl_efficiency2=(phi2*w*1000)/(w*phi2*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "cu_loss=.5**2*fl_culoss\n",
-      "totalloss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency1=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000*phi2/2)/((phi2*w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",fl_efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",fl_efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",round(efficiency2*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.5147491838 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.1503046336 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.3585709725 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.3, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.02\n",
-      "va=2000\n",
-      "reactance=0.1\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*100*va/100\n",
-      "regn=r*100*math.cos(phi)+reactance*100*math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Cu loss= 40.0 kW\n",
-        "Regulation= 7.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.4, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=120.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0\n",
-      "v2=400.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=1600.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss_fl=iron_loss*((4/3)**2)\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf*1000\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "efficiency1=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss_hl=0.5**2*cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "total_loss2=cu_loss_hl+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+total_loss2)\n",
-      "total_loss3=2*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(3.0/4)*w*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output+total_loss3\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"3/4 load efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "3/4 load efficiency= 96.5665236052 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.5, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rp=8.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "z=0.07\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "v1=33.0\n",
-      "v2=6.6\n",
-      "w=2*10.0**6\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "fl_i=w/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*10**3)\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rs+(rp*(K*K))\n",
-      "z_drop=z*v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z02=z_drop/fl_i\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt((z02*z02)-(r02*r02))\n",
-      "drop=fl_i*(r02*math.cos(phi)+x02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "V2=secondary_v-drop\n",
-      "line_v=V2*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/secondary_v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage\",line_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary voltage 6254.29059005 V\n",
-        "regulation= 5.23802136291 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.6, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=100.0#kWA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "rh=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.958\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=0.8*100\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=(inpt-output)*1000\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i2=((w*1000)/math.sqrt(3))/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ironloss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.0371411080502\n",
-        "2321.31925314\n",
-        "ironloss= 1185.98763622 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.7, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=5000.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6.6#kV\n",
-      "v2=33.0#kV\n",
-      "nl=15.0#kW\n",
-      "fl=50.0#kW\n",
-      "drop=0.07\n",
-      "load=3200.0#kw\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i2=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*1000)\n",
-      "impedence_drop=drop*(v2/math.sqrt(3))*1000\n",
-      "z02=impedence_drop/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=fl-nl\n",
-      "r02=cu_loss*1000/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt(z02**2-r02**2)\n",
-      "print \"full-load x02:\",x02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#when load=3200#kW\n",
-      "i2=load/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*0.8)\n",
-      "drop_=drop*1000*(r02*math.cos(phi)+z02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "regn=(drop_*100)/(v2*1000/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "vp=v1+regn/100*v1\n",
-      "print \"Primary voltage=\",vp*1000,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load x02: 15.1695784661\n",
-        "Primary voltage= 6851.39317975 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 95
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.8, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1\n",
-      "x=6\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=4800#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)+z*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2+regn/100*v2\n",
-      "secondary_vp=secondary_v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=secondary_vp/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Transformation Ratio=\",K"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Transformation Ratio= 0.423426587968\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.9, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "scv=400#V\n",
-      "sci=175#A\n",
-      "scw=17#kW\n",
-      "ocv=400#V\n",
-      "oci=150#A\n",
-      "ocw=15#kW\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=sci/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=scv/i1\n",
-      "r01=scw*1000/(3*i1*i1)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "r=i1*r01*100/v1\n",
-      "x=i1*x01*100/v1\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)-x*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "I1=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "total_loss=scw+ocw\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"% resistance=\",r,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% reactance=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"%regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "% resistance= 0.849779616989 %\n",
-        "% reactance= 6.00073499035 %\n",
-        "% efficiency= 98.0392156863 %\n",
-        "%regulation= -2.92061730062 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.10, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "secondary_rating=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "primary_i=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "voltsamps=v1*5/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i2=voltsamps/secondary_rating\n",
-      "output=pf*voltsamps/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Each coil current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Total output=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Each coil current= 125.0 A\n",
-        "Total output= 25.4034118443 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.12, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_per_transformer=load/2*1.15\n",
-      "delta_delta_rating=kVA_per_transformer*3\n",
-      "increase=(delta_delta_rating-load)*100/load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase=\",increase,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase= 72.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 126
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.13, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=20#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#v\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva_load=load/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "percent_rated=kva_load*100/w\n",
-      "kvarating_vv=2*w*0.866\n",
-      "vv_delta=kvarating_vv*100/60\n",
-      "percentage_increase=kva_load/(load/3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load of each transformer=\",kva_load,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer=\",percent_rated,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank\",kvarating_vv,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank\",vv_delta,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)percent increase in load=\",percentage_increase*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load of each transformer= 23.0940107676 kVA\n",
-        "ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer= 115.470053838 %\n",
-        "iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank 34.64 kVA\n",
-        "iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank 57.7333333333 %\n",
-        "v)percent increase in load= 177.646236674 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.14, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(pf*math.sqrt(3)*1000)\n",
-      "ip=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=v1/v\n",
-      "ip=ip*ratio\n",
-      "I=il\n",
-      "Ip=I*ratio\n",
-      "pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"delta-delta:current in the windings=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"v-v:current in the windings=\",Ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Power factor\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "delta-delta:current in the windings= 28.8683602771 A\n",
-        "v-v:current in the windings= 50.0014667312 A\n",
-        "Power factor 0.749956\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.15, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#kW\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "transformer_pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "additional_load=72.5/100*load\n",
-      "total_load=additional_load+load\n",
-      "il=total_load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Il=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"phase current=\",il/math.sqrt(3),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Il= 339.521323075 A\n",
-        "phase current= 196.022727273 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.16, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_each=(load/2)/pf\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p1=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30-phi))\n",
-      "p2=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30+phi))\n",
-      "p=p1+p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA supplied by each transformer=\",kVA_each,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"kW supplied by each transformer=\",p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA supplied by each transformer= 230.946882217 kVA\n",
-        "kW supplied by each transformer= 399.995027715 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 136
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.17, Page Number:1228"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=33.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "ilp=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "ils=ilp/(440/v2)\n",
-      "main_kva=v2*ilp*0.001\n",
-      "teaser_kva=0.866*main_kva\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage rating of each coil=\",vl\n",
-      "print \"current rating of each coil=\",ils\n",
-      "print \"main kVA=\",main_kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"teaser kVA=\",teaser_kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage rating of each coil= 2857.8\n",
-        "current rating of each coil= 43.3012701892\n",
-        "main kVA= 19.0525588833 kVA\n",
-        "teaser kVA= 16.4995159929 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 139
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.18, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "output=150.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=v2/v\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/(2*v2)\n",
-      "i1=i2*ratio\n",
-      "primary_volts=(math.sqrt(3)*v)/2\n",
-      "ratio=v2/primary_volts\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"turns ratio\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 170.454545455 A\n",
-        "turns ratio 0.524863881081\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.19, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "p=400.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2=p*1000/(pf*v)\n",
-      "ip=1.15*K*i2\n",
-      "I2m=K*i2\n",
-      "i2=ip/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#reslult\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 174.77684841 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.20, Page Number:1232"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w1=300#kW\n",
-      "w2=450#kW\n",
-      "v1=100#V\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "v2=3300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2t=(w2*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "I2m=(K*w1*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i2=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 169.804606659 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.21, Page Number:1233"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=80.0#V\n",
-      "v2=11000.0#V\n",
-      "w1=500.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=800.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"unity pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n",
-      "#0.5 pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "print \"0.5 pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "unity pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 52.2727272727 A whereas the other 2 carry 77.281082436 A each\n",
-        "0.5 pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 104.545454545 A whereas the other 2 carry 154.562164872 A each\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 171
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.22, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=50#V\n",
-      "v2=4.6*1000#V\n",
-      "load=350#kW\n",
-      "w=200#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "i2t=w*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=load*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "Ki2m=K*i2m\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(Ki2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in line A=\",i1t\n",
-      "print \"current in line B=\",i1m\n",
-      "print \"current in line C=\",i1m"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in line A= 62.5\n",
-        "current in line B= 100.11107076\n",
-        "current in line C= 100.11107076\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 173
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.23, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=231#V\n",
-      "v2=6600#v\n",
-      "volt_induced=8#v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "hv=v2/volt_induced\n",
-      "vl=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "n_lv1=vl/volt_induced\n",
-      "n_lv2=math.sqrt(3)*n_lv1/2\n",
-      "n=2*n_lv2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"neutral point is located on the\",math.ceil(n),\"th turn from A downwards\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "neutral point is located on the 29.0 th turn from A downwards\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.24, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "area=300.0#cm2\n",
-      "flux=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v/(4.44*f*flux*area*0.0001*0.9)\n",
-      "K=v2/v\n",
-      "n2=n1*K\n",
-      "n_lv=math.sqrt(3)*n2/2\n",
-      "turns=n_lv*2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"NUmber of turns in AN=\",math.floor(turns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " NUmber of turns in AN= 35.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 183
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.25, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "load=30.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "kva=il*vl*(0.001)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",vl,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage= 216.5 V\n",
-        "kVA rating 14.9995599935 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.26, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#vaiable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,5)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load*complex(math.cos(phi),math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "z1=za/zb\n",
-      "z2=zb/za\n",
-      "sa=s/(1+z1)\n",
-      "sb=s/(1+z2)\n",
-      "pfa=cmath.phase(sa)\n",
-      "pfb=cmath.phase(sb)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",abs(sa)\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",abs(sb)\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_a=\",pfa\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_b=\",pfb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 230.042839552\n",
-        "sb= 270.171613479\n",
-        "cos phi_a= 0.611765735265\n",
-        "cos phi_b= 0.670521557981\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.27, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "w1=4000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=5000#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,8)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.6,3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "za_per=(w1/w)*za\n",
-      "zb_per=zb\n",
-      "z=za_per+zb_per\n",
-      "s=complex(w1,w-w2)\n",
-      "sb=s*(za/z)\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (2284.2287695-1821.49046794j)\n",
-        "sb= (1715.7712305-1178.50953206j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 211
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.28, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "w1=1000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(0.001,0.003)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.0028,0.005)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (929.911014012-588.664867724j)\n",
-        "sb= (282.488985988-111.396729565j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.29, Page Number:1238"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "w1=500#kVA\n",
-      "w2=250#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "per_r=za.real*(sa.real)/w1\n",
-      "per_x=(za.imag)*(sa.imag)/w1\n",
-      "total_per=per_r+per_x\n",
-      "vl=v2-(total_per*4)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (399.511103547-348.770523615j)\n",
-        "sb= (130.738896453-181.639636072j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 242
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.30, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=100/5\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=i1*ratio\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 70.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.31, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=2000#A\n",
-      "i2=2500#A\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio1=i1/i\n",
-      "ratio2=i2/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio in first case=\",ratio1\n",
-      "print \"ratio in second case=\",ratio2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio in first case= 400\n",
-        "ratio in second case= 500\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_tIs0JkF.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_tIs0JkF.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 90e078d2..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_tIs0JkF.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1739 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:4fa0d818a53ec5608949c7725a11f84c78952680d73d506e4179ac596da192fb"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 38: Synchronous Motor"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.1, Page Number:1495"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=75#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.95\n",
-      "xs=2.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/4\n",
-      "pm=p*1000/loss\n",
-      "ia=pm/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vol_phase=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power= 78947.3684211 W\n",
-        "armature current= 129.489444346 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.2, Page Number:1498"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=20\n",
-      "vl=693#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "lag=0.5#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#lag=0.5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "print \"displacement:0.5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#lag=5\n",
-      "lag=5\n",
-      "alpha=p*lag/2\n",
-      "eb=vp=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=complex(vp-eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha)),eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha)))\n",
-      "zs=complex(0,10)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "power_input=3*vp*abs(ia)*math.cos(math.radians(cmath.phase(ia)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"displacement:5%\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",alpha,\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"armature emf/phase=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current/phase=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power drawn=\",power_input,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "displacement:0.5%\n",
-        "alpha= 5.0 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (3.4871338335-0.152251551219j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 4189.63221768 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "displacement:5%\n",
-        "alpha= 50 degrees\n",
-        "armature emf/phase= 400.103736548 V\n",
-        "armature current/phase= (30.6497244054-14.2922012106j) A\n",
-        "power drawn= 40591.222447 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.3, Page Number:1499"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V/ph\n",
-      "i=32.0#A/ph\n",
-      "xs=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xs)**2)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xs)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 512.249938995 V\n",
-        "delta= 38.6598082541 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.4, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=150#kW\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "xd=32#ohm\n",
-      "xq=20#ohm\n",
-      "alpha=16#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=2*vp\n",
-      "ex_power=eb*vp*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/xd\n",
-      "rel_power=(vp**2*(xd-xq)*math.sin(math.radians(2*alpha)))/(2*xd*xq)\n",
-      "pm=3*(ex_power+rel_power)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 1121.29686485 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.5, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=3300.0#V\n",
-      "P=1.5#MW\n",
-      "phi=3.0\n",
-      "xd=4.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "xq=3.0#ohm per phase\n",
-      "sin_phi=0\n",
-      "cos_phi=1\n",
-      "phi=0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v1=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=P*math.pow(10,6)/(math.sqrt(3)*v*cos_phi)\n",
-      "tan_sigma=(v1*sin_phi-ia*xq)/(v1*cos_phi)\n",
-      "sigma=math.atan(tan_sigma)\n",
-      "alpha=phi-sigma\n",
-      "i_d=ia*math.sin(sigma)\n",
-      "iq=ia*math.cos(sigma)\n",
-      "eb=v1*math.cos(alpha)-i_d*xd\n",
-      "#eb=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)\n",
-      "#dPm/d(alpha)=1029sin(alpha)+151sin(2*alpha)=0\n",
-      "ans=solve([(604.0*x**2+1029.0*x-302.0)],[x])\n",
-      "alpha2=math.acos(math.radians(ans[1][0]))\n",
-      "Pm=1029*math.sin(alpha2)+151*math.sin(alpha2)\n",
-      "max_P=Pm*3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop=\",round(max_P),\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Maximum mechanical power which the motor would develop= 3540.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.6, Page Number:1506"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=30#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*3\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "z_drop=ia*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt((vp**2+z_drop**2-(2*vp*z_drop*math.cos(theta+phi))))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power supplied=\",p2/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"KW\"\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "    "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power supplied= 914.522826396 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 903.722826396 KW\n",
-        "induced emf= 13039.2734763 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.7, Page Number:1507"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "i=32#A\n",
-      "pf=1\n",
-      "xd=10#ohm\n",
-      "xq=6.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e=math.sqrt(v**2+(i*xq)**2)+((xd-xq)*14.8)\n",
-      "delta=math.atan((i*xq)/v)\n",
-      "power=3*v*i\n",
-      "power_other=3*(v*e/10)*math.sin(delta)*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"E=\",e,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"delta=\",math.degrees(delta),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E= 502.648089715 V\n",
-        "delta= 27.4744316263 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.8, Page Number:1508"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "output=7.46#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "r=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=800#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output*1000+loss+ex_loss\n",
-      "ia=(v*pf-math.sqrt(v**2*pf**2-4*r*pm))/(2*r)\n",
-      "m_input=loss*ia*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/m_input\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"commercial efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "commercial efficiency= 82.1029269497 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.9, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2300#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "il=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x//r)\n",
-      "v=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb,\"volt/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Eb= 1708.04482042 volt/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.10, Page Number:1509"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "vl=6600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "il=50#A\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#0.8 lagging\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi-theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 lag: Eb=\",eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#0.8 leading\n",
-      "power_i=math.sqrt(3)*v*f*pf\n",
-      "v=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(x**2+r**2)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(il*zs)**2-(2*v*il*zs*math.cos(phi+theta)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"0.8 leading:Eb=\",eb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.8 lag: Eb= 5651.1180113\n",
-        "0.8 leading:Eb= 7705.24623679\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.11, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=0.4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=100#V\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2)\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)-phi)))\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lead\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(v**2+(x*v)**2-(2*v*x*v*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=1: Eb=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lag:Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=0.8 lead:Eb=\",eb3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf=1: Eb= 107.703296143 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lag:Eb= 82.4621125124 V\n",
-        "pf=0.8 lead:Eb= 128.062484749 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.12, Page Number:1510"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v=11000#V\n",
-      "r=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "x=40#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ra=ia*r\n",
-      "xa=ia*x\n",
-      "za=math.sqrt(ra**2+xa**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(vp**2+za**2-(2*vp*za*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "alpha1=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta)/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#pf=0.8 lag\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta-phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta-phi)/eb2)\n",
-      "#pf=1\n",
-      "eb3=math.sqrt(vp**2+xa**2-(2*vp*xa*math.cos(theta+phi)))*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha3=math.asin(xa*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"at pf=1\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb1*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 lagging\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"at pf=0.8 leading\"\n",
-      "print \"Eb=\",eb3,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"alpha=\",math.degrees(alpha3),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "at pf=1\n",
-        "Eb= 11283.8105339 V\n",
-        "alpha= 18.7256601694 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 lagging\n",
-        "Eb= 8990.39249633 V\n",
-        "alpha= 10.0142654731 degrees\n",
-        "at pf=0.8 leading\n",
-        "Eb= 13283.8907748 V\n",
-        "alpha= 7.71356041367 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.14, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,0.866)\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "output=6000#W\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*z.real\n",
-      "motor_intake=output+loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(motor_intake/(v*i))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)*i\n",
-      "eb1=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)-phi)))\n",
-      "eb2=math.sqrt(v**2+zs**2-(2*v*zs*math.cos(math.radians(60)+phi)))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"lag:eb=\",eb2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "lag:eb= 154.286783862 V\n",
-        "lag:eb= 213.765547573 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 65
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.15, Page Number:1513"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,6)\n",
-      "lag=3#degrees\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=lag*8/2\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(eb**2+eb**2-(2*eb*eb*(math.cos(math.radians(alpha)))))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=theta-(math.asin(eb*math.sin(math.radians(alpha))/er))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "total_input=3*eb*ia*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=total_input-cu_loss\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*eb/zs)-(eb**2*z.real/(zs**2))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power of the motor=\",pm/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"max power of motor=\",pm_max/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 44.1583059199 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.99927231631\n",
-        "power of the motor= 165.803353329 kW\n",
-        "max power of motor= 250.446734776 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 72
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.16, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb=250#V\n",
-      "lead=150#degrees\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "x=2.5#times resistance\n",
-      "alpha=lead/3\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+eb**2-(2*v*eb*math.cos(math.radians(alpha))))\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x)\n",
-      "phi=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"pf at which the motor is operating=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf at which the motor is operating= 0.928476690885\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.17, Page Number:1514"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=900#kW\n",
-      "e=8900#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "icos=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "bc=r*icos\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "i=icos/math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",i,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 149.188331836 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 82
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.18, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "x=20#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "ia1zs=ia1*zs\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(va**2+ia1zs**2-(2*va*ia1zs*math.cos(math.radians(90)+phi)))\n",
-      "ia2cosphi2=inpt2*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "cosphi2=x*ia2cosphi2\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-cosphi2*2)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(ac/cosphi2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "alpha2=math.atan(cosphi2/ac)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"new power angle=\",math.degrees(alpha2),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power angle= 25.8661450552 degrees\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.436270181217\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.19, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=5472#W\n",
-      "x=10#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iacosphi=inpt/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=iacosphi*zs\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(va**2-iazs**2)\n",
-      "oc=va-ac\n",
-      "bc=iazs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(oc/iazs)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "ia=iacosphi/pf\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan(bc/ac)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load angle= 19.9987718079 degrees\n",
-        "power factor= 0.984809614116\n",
-        "armature current= 8.01997824686 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.20, Page Number:1515"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "xs=2.2#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=800.0#kW\n",
-      "e=2500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ep=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "i2=solve(((i1*xs+r*i2)**2+(vp+i1*r-xs*i2)**2)-ep**2,i2)\n",
-      "i=math.sqrt(i1**2+i2[0]**2)\n",
-      "pf=i1/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line currrent=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line currrent= 241.492937915 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.956301702525\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 152
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.21, Page Number:1516"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "loss=500#W\n",
-      "ex_loss=650#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "power=inpt*1000+ex_loss\n",
-      "output=inpt*1000-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/power\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power=\",power,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 13.0516151762 A\n",
-        "power= 8110.0 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 82.6693343026 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 156
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.22, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "inpt=800#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "ip=ia/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "iazs=ip*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(v**2+iazs**2-(2*v*iazs*(-1)*pf))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(iazs*math.sin(theta+phi)/eb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor angle=\",math.degrees(alpha),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 4972.19098879 V\n",
-        "rotor angle= 17.0098509277 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.23, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=75#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "r=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.925\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)-phi\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "ns=120*50/40\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf=\",eb,\"eb\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf= 235.683320812 eb\n",
-        "mechanical power= 79437.5456538 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.24, Page Number:1517"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "zs=x=4#ohm\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "i2=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "iazs=i*zs\n",
-      "xs=math.sqrt(x**2-r**2)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(xs/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "iazs2=i2*zs\n",
-      "phi=theta-math.acos(vp**2-vp**2+iazs2**2/(2*vp*iazs2))\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "input_m=math.sqrt(3)*v*i2*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "ns=120*50/6\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross torque developed=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross torque developed= 310.739709828 N-m\n",
-        "new power factor= 0.912650996943\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 161
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.25, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=7.46#kW\n",
-      "xs=10#W/phase\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "il=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v)\n",
-      "zs=il*xs\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+zs**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"minimum current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"inducedemf=\",eb,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "minimum current= 12.6677441416 A\n",
-        "inducedemf= 263.401798584 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.26, Page Number:1518"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "inpt=37.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "input_m=inpt/efficiency\n",
-      "ia=input_m*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "er=ia*abs(zs)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(zs.imag/zs.real)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(math.sin(theta+phi)*er/eb)\n",
-      "pm=3*eb*vp*math.sin(alpha)/abs(zs)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"excitation emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "excitation emf= 495.407915636 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power developed= 44844.4875189 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 206
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.27, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "import scipy\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6600.0#V\n",
-      "xs=20.0#ohm\n",
-      "inpt=1000.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "inpt2=1500.0#kW\n",
-      "phi2=Symbol('phi2')\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ia=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "theta=math.radians(90)\n",
-      "er=ia*xs\n",
-      "zs=xs\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+er**2-(2*vp*er*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "alpha=math.asin(inpt2*1000*zs/(3*eb*vp))\n",
-      "#vp/eb=cos(alpha+phi2)/cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#solving we get\n",
-      "phi2=math.radians(19.39)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new power factor=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new power factor= 0.943280616635\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 228
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.28, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "x=4#ohms/phase\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohms/phase\n",
-      "ia=60#A\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "loss=2#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(complex(r,x))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "iazs=ia*zs\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+iazs**2-(2*vp*iazs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2)\n",
-      "pm=3*pm_max\n",
-      "output=pm-loss*1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum power output= 51.3898913442 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.29, Page Number:1519"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "z=10#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "eb=1600#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=x/z\n",
-      "pm_max=(eb*v/z)-(eb**2*pf/zs)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/6\n",
-      "tg_max=9.55*pm_max/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total torque=\",tg_max,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total torque= 5505.51976175 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.30, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variabke declaration\n",
-      "v=2000#V\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "x=3#ohm/phase\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb=vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=ia*x\n",
-      "sinphi=(eb**2-vp**2-zs**2)/(2*zs*vp)\n",
-      "phi=math.asin(sinphi)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "pi=math.sqrt(3)*v*ia*pf/1000\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pi*1000/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power input=\",pi,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power input= 669.029147347 kW\n",
-        "power factor= 0.965660395791\n",
-        "torque= 4259.48557144 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 234
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.31, Page Number:1520"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "r=2#ohm\n",
-      "x=18#ohm\n",
-      "e=3800#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "eb=e/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "alpha=theta\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(vp**2+eb**2-(2*vp*eb*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=math.sqrt(r**2+x**2)\n",
-      "ia=er/zs\n",
-      "pm_max=((eb*vp/zs)-(eb**2*r/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ia**2*r\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*v*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum total mechanical power=\",pm_max,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum total mechanical power= 604356.888001 W\n",
-        "current= 151.417346198 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.857248980398\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 235
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.32, Page Number:1521"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=415#V\n",
-      "e=520#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.5,4)\n",
-      "loss=1000#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "er=math.sqrt(v**2+e**2-(2*v*e*math.cos(theta)))\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "i=er/zs\n",
-      "il=math.sqrt(3)*i\n",
-      "pm_max=((e*v/zs)-(e**2*z.real/zs**2))*3\n",
-      "output=pm_max-loss\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i**2*z.real\n",
-      "input_m=pm_max+cu_loss\n",
-      "pf=input_m/(math.sqrt(3)*il*v)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output= 134.640174346 kW\n",
-        "line current= 268.015478962 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.890508620247\n",
-        "efficiency= 78.4816159071 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.33, Page Number:1524"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "inpt=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "z=complex(0.2,1.6)\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=abs(z)\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*efficiency*pf)\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(z.imag/z.real)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta+phi)))\n",
-      "input_m=inpt*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*il**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=input_m-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf=\",eb*math.sqrt(3),\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"total mechanical power=\",pm/1000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf= 494.75258624 V\n",
-        "total mechanical power= 39.6138268735 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.34, Page Number:1525"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "inpt=48#kW\n",
-      "v=693#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "ratio=0.3\n",
-      "x=2#W/phase\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=inpt*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*pf)\n",
-      "vp=v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "zs=x\n",
-      "izs=zs*il\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(float(\"inf\"))\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "eb=math.sqrt(vp**2+izs**2-(2*vp*izs*math.cos(theta-phi)))\n",
-      "i_cosphi=pf*il\n",
-      "bc=i_cosphi*x\n",
-      "eb=eb+(ratio*eb)\n",
-      "ac=math.sqrt(eb**2-bc**2)\n",
-      "oc=ac-vp\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(oc/bc)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi2)\n",
-      "i2=i_cosphi/pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 46.3871111945 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.862084919821\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 38.35, Page Number:1526"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60.0#kW\n",
-      "inpt=240.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "total_load=inpt+load\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "kVAR=total_load*math.tan(phi)\n",
-      "#factory load\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "kVAR=inpt*math.tan(phil)\n",
-      "kVA=inpt/pf\n",
-      "kVAR1=total_load*math.sin(phil)\n",
-      "lead_kVAR=kVAR1-kVAR\n",
-      "#synchronous motor\n",
-      "phim=math.atan(lead_kVAR/load)\n",
-      "motorpf=math.cos(phim)\n",
-      "motorkVA=math.sqrt(load**2+lead_kVAR**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"leading kVAR supplied by the motor=\",motorkVA\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "leading kVAR supplied by the motor= 60.0\n",
-        "pf= 0.8\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 253
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_uJFb1kJ.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_uJFb1kJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index feb75575..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_uJFb1kJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5447 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:37afbdb95d83a409c42483f9400df0ec405aafcb3f017067345a44342a88aaf2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 32: Transformer"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.1, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "phi=1.2#Wb-m2\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "a=v2/(4.44*f*n2*phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"secondary turns=\",n2\n",
-      "print \"area of core=\",round(a,2),\"m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary turns= 31.25\n",
-        "secondary turns= 375.0\n",
-        "area of core= 0.03 m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.2, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "bm=1.3#Tesla\n",
-      "sf=0.9\n",
-      "per=10#%\n",
-      "a=20*20*sf/10000#m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "n2=v2/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "e_per_turn=v1/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV TURNS=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"LV TURNS=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"EMF per turns=\",round(e_per_turn,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV TURNS= 1059.0\n",
-        "LV TURNS= 53.0\n",
-        "EMF per turns= 10.4 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.3, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=1000.0\n",
-      "a=60.0/10000.0#cm2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "e1=520.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "bm=e1/(4.44*f*n1*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak value of flux density=\",bm,\"WB/m2\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary winding=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak value of flux density= 0.975975975976 WB/m2\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary winding= 1300.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.4, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=50.0\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "e1=v/n1\n",
-      "e2=e1*n2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary and secondary currents=\",i1,\"A\", i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary emf=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWB\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary and secondary currents= 8.33333333333 A 83.3333333333 A\n",
-        "secondary emf= 300.0 V\n",
-        "flux= 27.027027027 mWB\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.5, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "load=300#kVA\n",
-      "phim=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=4.44*f*phim\n",
-      "e2=v2/1.732\n",
-      "t1=v1/e\n",
-      "t2=e2/e\n",
-      "output=load/3\n",
-      "HV=100*1000/v1\n",
-      "LV=100*1000/e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",t1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",t2\n",
-      "print \"emf per turn=\",e2\n",
-      "print \"full load HV=\",HV\n",
-      "print \"full load LV=\",LV"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 990.990990991\n",
-        "LV turns= 28.6082849593\n",
-        "emf per turn= 317.551963048\n",
-        "full load HV= 9\n",
-        "full load LV= 314.909090909\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.6, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=1200.0\n",
-      "a=80.0/10000.0#m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phim=n1/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "bm=phim/a\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak flux-density=\",bm,\"Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak flux-density= 0.563063063063 Wb\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary= 1200.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.7, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varible declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=250.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "v=1500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current an secondary current=\",i1,\"A\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)seconary emf=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)maximum flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current an secondary current= 16.6666666667 A 104.166666667 A\n",
-        "ii)seconary emf= 240.0 V\n",
-        "iii)maximum flux= 27.027027027 mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.8, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "a=20.0*20.0/10000#m2\n",
-      "phim=1.0#Wbm2\n",
-      "v1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2=v2/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "t1=t2*v1/v2\n",
-      "n1=t1/2\n",
-      "n2=t2/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 168.918918919\n",
-        "LV turns= 12.3873873874\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.9, Page Number:1126"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "p=400.0#W\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "i0=0.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=p/v1\n",
-      "imu=(i1**2-il**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw=i0*pf\n",
-      "imu2=(i0**2-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"magnetising currents=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iron loss current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"magnetising components of no load primary current=\",imu2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"working components of no-load primary current=\",iw,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "magnetising currents= 0.571788552492 A\n",
-        "iron loss current= 0.181818181818 A\n",
-        "magnetising components of no load primary current= 0.476969600708 A\n",
-        "working components of no-load primary current= 0.15 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.10, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "l=150.0#cm\n",
-      "airgap=0.1#mm\n",
-      "e1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "d=7.8#grma/cm3\n",
-      "loss=2.0#watt/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=e1/(4.44*f*n1*phim)\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "v2=k*e1\n",
-      "iron=l*5\n",
-      "air=phim*airgap/(1000*4*3.14*10**(-7))\n",
-      "bmax=iron+air\n",
-      "imu=bmax/(n1*2**0.5)\n",
-      "volume=l*a\n",
-      "im=volume*d*10\n",
-      "total_i=im*2\n",
-      "iw=total_i/(e1)\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=iw/i0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross sectional area=\",a*10000,\"cm2\"\n",
-      "print \"b)no load secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"c)no load current=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross sectional area= 225.225225225 cm2\n",
-        "b)no load secondary voltage= 240.0 V\n",
-        "c)no load current= 1.19577611723 A\n",
-        "d)power factor= 0.145353269536\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.11, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1000\n",
-      "n2=200\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=280#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i2_=i2/5\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(phi1))\n",
-      "i1=i*complex(pf,-sinphi)+i2_*complex(pf2,-sinphi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",abs(i1),\"/_\",math.degrees(phi1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 64.4918252531 /_ 36.8698976458 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.12, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=440.0#v\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "i0=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=120.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "angle=phi2-phi0\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+(2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle)))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the primary=\",i1,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the primary= 33.9022604184 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.13, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=800.0\n",
-      "n2=200.0\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i1=25.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.707\n",
-      "i2=80.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i0pf2=i1*pf2-i2_*pf\n",
-      "i0sinphi=i1*pf2-i2_*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "phi0=math.atan(i0sinphi/i0pf2)\n",
-      "i0=i0sinphi/math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load current=\",i0,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load current= 5.91703050525 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.14, Page Number:1131"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i0=complex(2,-9.8)\n",
-      "i2_=complex(42.5,-26.35)\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(i1.real/57.333)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= (44.5-36.15j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 39.0890154959 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.15, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable decaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=120.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.22#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.034#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1*k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"high voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"low voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "high voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 13.7 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 5.02 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 14.5907642021 ohm\n",
-        "low voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 0.03425 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.01255 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0364769105051 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.16, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=4400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.009#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.2#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)resistance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)reactance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)impedence=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"v)copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance=\n",
-        "primary= 7.05 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.017625 ohm\n",
-        "reactance=\n",
-        "primary= 11.2 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.028 ohm\n",
-        "impedence=\n",
-        "primary= 13.2341414531 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.0330853536327 ohm\n",
-        "copper loss= 910.382231405 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.17, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "z2=v/(i2)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z2_=z2/k**2\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)load impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"b)impedence referred to high tension side=\",z2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)the value of current referred to the high tension side=\",i2_,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)load impedence= 1.152 ohm\n",
-        "b)impedence referred to high tension side= 115.2 ohm\n",
-        "c)the value of current referred to the high tension side= 20.8333333333 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 70
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.18, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=317.0#V\n",
-      "load2=0.62#kW\n",
-      "lvload=0.48#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r1=load2*1000/i**2\n",
-      "r2=lvload*1000/i2**2\n",
-      "r2_=r2*k**2\n",
-      "x01=4*v1/(i1*100)\n",
-      "x2_=x01*r2_/(r1+r2_)\n",
-      "x1=x01-x2_\n",
-      "x2=x2_*10/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)r1=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2_=\",r2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x1=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2_=\",x2_,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)r1= 7.502 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.004823472 ohm\n",
-        "r2_= 5.808 ohm\n",
-        "ii)reactance= 48.4 ohm\n",
-        "x1= 27.28 ohm\n",
-        "x2= 0.175398981818 ohm\n",
-        "x2_= 21.12 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 76
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.19, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "k=19.5\n",
-      "r1=25.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=1.25#A\n",
-      "angle=30#degrees\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=50#V\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v2=complex(500,0)\n",
-      "i2=i2*complex(0.8,-0.6)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "e2=v2+i2*z2\n",
-      "beta=math.atan(e2.imag/e2.real)\n",
-      "e1=e2*k\n",
-      "i2_=i2/k\n",
-      "angle=beta+math.radians(90)+math.radians(angle)\n",
-      "i0=i*complex(math.cos(angle),math.sin(angle))\n",
-      "i1=-i2_+i0\n",
-      "v2=-e1+i1*complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real)-math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "power=abs(v2)*i*math.cos(math.radians(60))\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i2)**2*r02\n",
-      "output=500*abs(i2)*pf2\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+power\n",
-      "inpt=output+loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary applied voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"primary pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary applied voltage= (-11464.2126901-1349.15424294j) V\n",
-        "primary pf= 0.698572087114\n",
-        "efficiency= 86.7261056254 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 94
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.20, Page Number:1138"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=1100#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "zh=complex(0.1,0.4)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.006,0.015)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "#HV \n",
-      "r1=zh.real+zl.real*k**2\n",
-      "x1=zh.imag+zl.imag*k**2\n",
-      "z1=(r1**2+x1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#LV\n",
-      "r2=r1/k**2\n",
-      "x2=x1/k**2\n",
-      "z2=z1/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"LV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.25 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.775 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.814324873745 ohm\n",
-        "LV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.01 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.031 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0325729949498 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.21, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230#V\n",
-      "v2=460#V\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.75#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.8#ohm\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x02=x2+k**2*x1\n",
-      "vd=i*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "vt2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",vt2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 424.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.22, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.0#%\n",
-      "x=5.0#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "mu=r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "mu2=r**2+x*0\n",
-      "mu3=r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lag:\",mu,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1:\",mu2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lead:\",mu3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lag: 3.8 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=1: 1.0 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lead: -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 98
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.23, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "regn=r*cosphi+x*sinphi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.59016994375 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4472135955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.24, Page Number:1142"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "load1=500#KVA\n",
-      "load2=400#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kw=load2*pf\n",
-      "kvar=load2*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "drop=(r*kw/load1)+(x*kvar/load1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage voltage drop=\",drop,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage voltage drop= 4.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.25, Page Number:1144"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.286#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.319#ohm\n",
-      "ro=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "xo=1250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2_=complex(r2_,x2_)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.387,0.29)\n",
-      "ym=complex(0.004,-0.0008)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "zl_=zl/(k**2)\n",
-      "zm=1/ym\n",
-      "x=zm+zl_+z2_\n",
-      "i1=v1/(z1+(zm*(z2_+zl_))/(zm+z2_+zl_))\n",
-      "i2_=i1*zm/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "io=i1*(z2_+zl_)/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "pf=i1.real/abs(i1)\n",
-      "pi=v1*abs(i1)*pf/1000\n",
-      "po=abs(i2_)**2*zl_.real/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i1)**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_loss2=abs(i2_)**2*r2_\n",
-      "core_loss=io.real**2*240\n",
-      "e=po*100/pi\n",
-      "v2_=i2_*zl_\n",
-      "reg=(v1-v2_.real)*100/v2_.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power input=\",round(pi.real,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output=\",round(po,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Primary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Secondary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss2),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e.real,2),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",round(reg.real),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power input= 104.6 kW\n",
-        "Power output= 82.5 kW\n",
-        "Primary Cu loss= 854.0 W\n",
-        "Secondary Cu loss= 680.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 78.91 %\n",
-        "Regulation= 3.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.26, Page Number:1145"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=600#V\n",
-      "v2=1080#V\n",
-      "v=720#V\n",
-      "load=8#W\n",
-      "load2=10#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ir2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "il2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ir2_=ir2*v2/v1\n",
-      "il2_=il2*v/v1\n",
-      "ir2=math.sqrt(ir2_**2+il2_**2)\n",
-      "s=complex(load,load2)\n",
-      "s=abs(s)\n",
-      "pf=load/s\n",
-      "i=s*load2*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 21.3437474581 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.624695047554\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "i=0.5#A\n",
-      "p=30#W\n",
-      "r=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=v/v1\n",
-      "pf=p/(i*v)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sqrt(1-pf**2)\n",
-      "ip=i*sinphi\n",
-      "iw=i*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*r\n",
-      "iron_loss=p-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)turns ratio=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"ii)magnetising component of no-load current=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)working component of no-load current=\",iw,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)the iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)turns ratio= 2\n",
-        "ii)magnetising component of no-load current= 0.481045692921 A\n",
-        "iii)working component of no-load current= 0.136363636364 A\n",
-        "iv)the iron loss= 29.85 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 104
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=2000.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.2#A\n",
-      "po=90.0#W\n",
-      "vs=50.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=5.0#A\n",
-      "ps=110.0#W\n",
-      "p=3.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r0=v**2/po\n",
-      "ia0=v/r0\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(io**2-ia0**2)\n",
-      "xm=v/ip\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ps/25\n",
-      "x=math.sqrt(z**2-r**2)\n",
-      "r1=r*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "x1=x*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "i_lv1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i_lv=(p*1000/pf)/v\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "reg=i_lv*(r1*pf+x1*sinphi)/v\n",
-      "vt=v2-reg*1000/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"LV crrent at rated load=\",i_lv1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf\",i_lv,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"output secondary voltage=\",vt,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "LV crrent at rated load= 25.0 A\n",
-        "LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf 18.75 A\n",
-        "output secondary voltage= 999.832975251 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 3.34049498886 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.29, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "loss1=52.0#W\n",
-      "f1=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss2=90.0#W\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(loss1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(loss2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 45.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 25.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.30, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "m=10#kg\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f1=25.0\n",
-      "f2=40.0\n",
-      "f3=50.0\n",
-      "f4=60.0\n",
-      "f5=80.0\n",
-      "l1=18.5/f1\n",
-      "l2=36.0/f2\n",
-      "l3=50.0/f3\n",
-      "l4=66.0/f4\n",
-      "l5=104.0/f5\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([l1/f1-(A+f1*B),l2/f2-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "eddy_loss_per_kg=ans[B]*f**2/m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz=\",eddy_loss_per_kg,\"W\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "F=[f1,f2,f3,f4,f5]\n",
-      "L=[l1,l2,l3,l4,l5]\n",
-      "plt.plot(F,L)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"f -->\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Wi/f\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,100))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0.74,2))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz= -0.118333333333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      },
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458da10>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.31, Page Number:1148"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "v1=440#V\n",
-      "f1=50#Hz\n",
-      "p1=2500#W\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f2=25#Hz\n",
-      "p2=850#z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(p1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(p2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 900.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 1600.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.32, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f1=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "core=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=650.0#W\n",
-      "we=350.0#W\n",
-      "v2=2000.0#V\n",
-      "f2=100.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=wh/f1\n",
-      "b=we/f1**2\n",
-      "wh=a*f2\n",
-      "we=b*f2**2\n",
-      "new_core=wh+we\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new core loss=\",new_core,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " new core loss= 2700.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.33, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=1.4#Wb/m2\n",
-      "we=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=3000.0#W\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wh1=wh*1.1**1.6\n",
-      "we1=we*1.1**2\n",
-      "wh2=wh*0.9**(-0.6)\n",
-      "wh3=wh*1.1**1.6*1.1**(-0.6)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%=\",wh1,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%=\",wh2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%=\",wh3,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%= 3494.21441464 W and 1210.0 W\n",
-        "b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%= 3195.77171838 W\n",
-        "c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%= 3300.0 W and 1210.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 119
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.34, Page Number:1150"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "wh=600.0#W\n",
-      "we=loss-wh\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "a=wh/f\n",
-      "b=we/f**2\n",
-      "core_loss=a*f2+b*f2**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core loss at 60 Hz=\",core_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core loss at 60 Hz= 1350.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.35, Page Number:1151"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KvA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x01=34.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary voltage=\",vsc,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary voltage= 199.519931911 V\n",
-        "pf= 0.523468222173\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.36, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.7#A\n",
-      "po=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#v\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ps=85.0#W\n",
-      "load=5.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cosphi0=po/(vo*io)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi0))\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=io*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "r02=ps/i_s**2\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load/pf\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/v2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "print z02\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "1.5\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 377.788243349 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.37, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "k=1.0/6\n",
-      "r1=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "vsc=330.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=vsc/z01\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "cosphisc=i1**2*r01/(vsc*i1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in low voltage winding=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(cosphisc,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in low voltage winding= 200.396236149 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.38, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "r0=1500.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=750.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(iw**2+imu**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pi=v1*iw\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "power=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"reading of instruments=\",vsc,\"V,\",i1,\"A,\",power,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "reading of instruments= 46.8187996429 V, 20.0 A, 880.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 140
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.39, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per1=98.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "per2=98.8#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculaions\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output*100/per2\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "inpt_half=(load/2)*pf*100/per1\n",
-      "loss2=inpt_half-400\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss,(x/4)+y-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "kva=load*(ans[y]/ans[x])*0.5\n",
-      "output=kva*1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]\n",
-      "total_loss=2*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load copper loss= 4.07324441521606 kW\n",
-        "maximum efficiency= 0.968720013059872 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.40, Page Number:1154"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#v\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x01=0.37#ohm\n",
-      "r0=600.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=300.0#ohm\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tantheta=iw/imu\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(tantheta)\n",
-      "theta0=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "angle=theta0-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle))**0.5\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=x01*k**2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current= 20.6693546639 A\n",
-        "ii)secondary terminal voltage= 386.32 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 149
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.43, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=80.0\n",
-      "r1=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=1.1#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=complex(r01,x01)\n",
-      "z02=k**2*z01\n",
-      "v2=k*v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(z02.real*pf-z02.imag*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=vd*100/v2\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent impedence= (0.022+0.079j) ohm\n",
-        "ii)voltage regulation= -1.53925619835 %\n",
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 446.772727273 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.44, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=450.0#V\n",
-      "vb=120.0#V\n",
-      "v1=120.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=80.0#W\n",
-      "v2=9.65#V\n",
-      "i2=22.2#A\n",
-      "w2=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=vb/va\n",
-      "i0=i1*k\n",
-      "cosphi0=w1/(va*i0)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(cosphi0)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "iw=i0*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=i0*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=va/iw\n",
-      "x0=va/imu\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=vb/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "iron_loss=w1\n",
-      "cu_loss=(0.5**2)*w2\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf/2\n",
-      "efficiency2=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent circuit constants=\"\n",
-      "print \"z01=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r01=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8=\",efficiency*100,\"%\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent circuit constants=\n",
-        "z01= 0.434684684685 ohm\n",
-        "x01= 0.360090249002 ohm\n",
-        "r01= 0.243486729973 ohm\n",
-        "ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8= 97.5609756098 % 2.02885695496 %\n",
-        "iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8= 97.3236009732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.45, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=2200.0#V\n",
-      "vb=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=220.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=148.0#W\n",
-      "v2=86.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.5#A\n",
-      "w2=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(pf,1),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 2.94177963326 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 172
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.46, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "v=60.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "w=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v_=400.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v/i\n",
-      "r01=w/i**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage applied to hv side=\",v1+vd,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage applied to hv side= 2065.90767043 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 182
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.47, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=12.0#A\n",
-      "ws=100.0#W\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.0#A\n",
-      "wo=80.0#W\n",
-      "i2=10#A\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "pg=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cosphi0=wo/(vo*io)\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=(1-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "r02=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x02/k**2\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=wo\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=i2*v2*pf/(i2*v2*pf+total_loss)\n",
-      "v1_=((vo*pf+x01)**2+(vo*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"applied voltage=\",v1_,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "applied voltage= 251.442641983 V\n",
-        "efficiency= 96.3984469139 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.48, Page Number:1160"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=3.0#kVA\n",
-      "vo=230.0#V\n",
-      "io=2.0#A\n",
-      "wo=100.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=13.0#A\n",
-      "ws=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ws\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ws/(vs**2)\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.90121149256 %\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 194
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.49, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94\n",
-      "per=0.90\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=per*load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "core_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "pc=core_loss/per**2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=pc\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.5728354534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 196
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.50, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.96#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.0396#ohm\n",
-      "x1=15.8#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.158#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "r=r2+r1*(v2/v1)**2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "v1_=v2+i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(r/x)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)HV side voltage necessary=\",v1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)pf=\",round(pf,2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)HV side voltage necessary= 2409.9826087 V\n",
-        "b)pf= 0.97\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 199
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.51, Page Number:1162"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#v\n",
-      "r1=3.4#ohm\n",
-      "x1=7.2#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.028#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.060#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r=r1*(v2/v1)**2+r2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "ad=i*r*pf\n",
-      "dc=i*x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "oc=v2+ad+dc\n",
-      "bd=i*r*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "b_f=x*pf\n",
-      "cf=b_f-bd\n",
-      "v1_=(oc**2+cf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage on hv side=\",v1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage on hv side= 2229.28500444 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.52, Page Number:1163"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.7#A\n",
-      "w1=65.0#W\n",
-      "v=15.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "w2=75.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.80\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "ih=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2\n",
-      "constant_loss=w1\n",
-      "z=v/i2\n",
-      "r=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=load*100000/(load*1000+cu_loss+constant_loss)\n",
-      "regn=i2*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load regulation=\",regn,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.6183574879 %\n",
-        "full load regulation= 13.7942286341 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 209
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.53, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x=(z**2-cu_loss**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r01=cu_loss*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x01=x*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "z01=z*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "isc=i1*100/z\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"%x=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"primary sc current=\",isc,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "%x= 3.5721142199 %\n",
-        "resistance= 3.9204 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 7.78006477094 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 8.712 ohm\n",
-        "primary sc current= 378.787878788 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.54, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=220.0#V\n",
-      "i_o=4.2#A\n",
-      "wo=148.0#W\n",
-      "vs=86.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.5#A\n",
-      "ws=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "z10=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x01=(z10**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "v1_=((v1*pf+i1*r01)**2+(v1*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn1=(v1_-v1)/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "cu_loss_half=(i1/2)**2*r01\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000*pf*100/(load*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "efficiency_half=(load/2)*1000*pf*100/((load/2)*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "print v1_                                  \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)core loss=\",wo,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)equivalent resistance primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)equivalent resistance secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"d)equivalent reactance primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"e)equivalent reactance secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"f)regulation=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"g)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"h)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency_half,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "2265.01840886\n",
-        "a)core loss= 148.0 W\n",
-        "b)equivalent resistance primary= 3.26530612245 ohm\n",
-        "c)equivalent resistance secondary= 0.0326530612245 ohm\n",
-        "d)equivalent reactance primary= 7.51143635755 ohm\n",
-        "e)equivalent reactance secondary= 0.0751143635755 ohm\n",
-        "f)regulation= 2.95538222101 %\n",
-        "g)efficiency at full load= 97.4548448466 %\n",
-        "h)efficiency at half load= 95.0360304208 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 222
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.55, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=1.0/100\n",
-      "ex=5.0/100\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn2=er*1\n",
-      "regn3=er*pf-ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation with pf=1=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag= 3.8 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation with pf=1= 1.0 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead= -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.56, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per=0.97\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "zper=0.10\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*1\n",
-      "x=0.75\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(output*(1/per-1))\n",
-      "pc=pi/x**2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r=pc*1000/i1**2\n",
-      "er=i1*r/v1\n",
-      "ez=zper\n",
-      "ex=(ez**2-er**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 7.52529846012 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.57, Page Number:1166"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5#%\n",
-      "xdrop=3.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pur=cu_loss/100\n",
-      "pux=xdrop/100\n",
-      "regn2=pur*pf+pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn1=pur*1\n",
-      "regn3=pur*pf-pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation at unity pf=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation at 0.8 lag=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation at 0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation at unity pf= 1.5 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation at 0.8 lag= 3.3 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation at 0.8 lead= -0.9 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.58, Page Number:1168"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#KVA\n",
-      "w1=5.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=7.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "loss=total_loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*w2/2\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+2.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.0186963113 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.59, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "w1=350.0#W\n",
-      "w2=400.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+w1\n",
-      "efficiency2=(load*1000/2)/((load*1000/2)+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency at full load= 97.0873786408 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 232
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.60, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=efficiency**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of P1 and P2=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of P1 and P2= 0.5625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.61, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load1=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=1.4#kW\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.6#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "load=load1*(cu_loss/loss)**0.5\n",
-      "total_loss=loss*2\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=cu_loss*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=total_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output2=(load/2)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency2=output2/(output2+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load for max efficiency=\",load1,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"max efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load for max efficiency= 150.0 kVA\n",
-        "max efficiency= 98.283858876 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 95.2481856352 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 237
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.62, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=40#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=112#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "def e(k):\n",
-      "    e=k*pf*1000*100/(k*pf*1000+(cu_loss*(k/5)**2+40))\n",
-      "    return(e)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "e1=e(1.25)\n",
-      "e2=e(2.5)\n",
-      "e3=e(3.75)\n",
-      "e4=e(5.0)\n",
-      "e5=e(6.25)\n",
-      "e6=e(7.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=[1.25,2.5,3.75,5.0,6.25,7.5]\n",
-      "E=[e1,e2,e3,e4,e5,e6]\n",
-      "plt.plot(K,E)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"load,kVA\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Efficiency\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,8))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((92,98))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458d610>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.63, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "x=loss*1000/(1+9.0/16)\n",
-      "y=(9.0/16)*x\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*(1.0/2)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+y\n",
-      "output=load*pf*0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at hald load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at hald load= 97.9216626699 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.64, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*pf*1000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary resistance= 0.02 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 97.7284199899 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.65, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x01=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i2=1000*load*ratio/v2\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output*1000+total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/(inpt)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 2.4 w\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.8660287081 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.66, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=324.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=4*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*pf/(load*pf+cu_loss/1000+loss/1000)\n",
-      "per=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)percent of full-load=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency= 95.6708921311 %\n",
-        "ii)percent of full-load= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.67, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.8#A\n",
-      "wo=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ws=60.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "loss=ws+wo\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss/1000)\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r02=ws/i2**2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "load=load*(wo/ws)**0.5\n",
-      "load=load*1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"load at unity pf=\",load,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.0960960961 %\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 383.752729583 V\n",
-        "current= 20.0 A\n",
-        "load at unity pf= 4.32049379894 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.68, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "Wi=Symbol('Wi')\n",
-      "Wcu=Symbol('Wcu')\n",
-      "P=600.0#kVA\n",
-      "e=0.92#efficiency\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "x=0.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([(e*(1*P*1+Wi+1**2*Wcu))-(1*P*1),(e*(0.5*P*1+Wi+0.5*0.5*Wcu))-(0.5*P*1)],[Wi,Wcu])\n",
-      "e2=(x*P*pf*100)/((x*P*pf)+ans[Wi]+(x**2*ans[Wcu]))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 90.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.69, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=600.0#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "per=0.60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss1=inpt-load\n",
-      "inpt2=load/(2*efficiency)\n",
-      "loss2=inpt2-load/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss1,x+y/4-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]*0.36\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+ans[x]\n",
-      "output=load*per\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "389.913043478261\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.3282783229260 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.70, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "e1=0.98\n",
-      "e2=0.80\n",
-      "pf=8\n",
-      "z=0.05\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf1*e2\n",
-      "inpt=output/e1\n",
-      "loss=-output+inpt\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss_full=cu_loss/pf1**2\n",
-      "r=round(cu_loss_full*100/load)\n",
-      "sin=math.sin(math.acos(pf1))\n",
-      "regn=(r*pf1+5*sin)+(1.0/200)*(5*pf1-r*sin)**2\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 3.8578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.71, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=5000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=25.0#Hz\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5\n",
-      "we=0.5\n",
-      "wh=0.6\n",
-      "v2=10000.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss1=cu_loss*load/100\n",
-      "we1=we*load/100\n",
-      "wh1=wh*load/100\n",
-      "cu_loss2=cu_loss1\n",
-      "we2=(we1*(50.0/25.0)**2)\n",
-      "wh2=(wh1*(50.0/25))\n",
-      "e1=load*100/(load+cu_loss1+we1+wh1)\n",
-      "e2=load*2*100/(load*2+cu_loss2+we2+wh2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in first case=\",e1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in second case=\",e2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "20.47 0.06 0.05\n",
-        "full load efficiency in first case= 97.4658869396 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency in second case= 97.7039570103 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.72, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=300#KVA\n",
-      "r=1.5#%\n",
-      "load1=173.2#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*load*1000/100\n",
-      "iron_loss=(load1/load)**2*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(load*pf)*100/((load*pf)+(total_loss/1000))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.5610105096 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.73, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "a=0.04#m2\n",
-      "l=2.5#m\n",
-      "bm=1200\n",
-      "inpt=1200#W\n",
-      "pi=400#W\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "f2=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "n2=k*n1\n",
-      "i=1989/n1\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*inpt\n",
-      "total_loss=pi+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)n1=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"  n2=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"b)magnetising current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.00643416423287\n",
-        "a)n1= 216.0\n",
-        "  n2= 22.0\n",
-        "b)magnetising current= 9.21512347826 A\n",
-        "c)efficiency= 98.2398690135 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.74, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.8\n",
-      "x=5.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pf=r/x\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(pf)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "regn=r*math.cos(phi2)+x*math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "efficiency=100/(100+r*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)phi=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"b)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)phi= 18.4349488229 degrees\n",
-        "  ii)regulation= 5.6920997883 %\n",
-        "b)efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.75, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=3.0#A\n",
-      "wo=200.0#W\n",
-      "vsc=15.0#V\n",
-      "isc=30.0#A\n",
-      "wsc=300.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=(i/isc)**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wo)\n",
-      "z=vsc/isc\n",
-      "r=wsc/isc**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(i/v2)*(r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*v2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n",
-        "regulation= 1.72239475667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.76, Page Number:1177"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=400.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "x=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load*x*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+load*2/100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.2493723732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.77, Page Number:1178"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "v2=250#V\n",
-      "vsc=60#V\n",
-      "isc=20#A\n",
-      "wsc=150#W\n",
-      "per=1.2\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=per**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=per*load*1.0\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss*2/1000)\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "e2=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wsc)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n",
-        "full-load efficiency= 95.6251494143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.78, Page Number:1181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "cu_loss=4.5#kW\n",
-      "iron_loss=3.5#kW\n",
-      "t1=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "load1_=400.0#kW\n",
-      "load2_=300.0#kW\n",
-      "load3_=100.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.75\n",
-      "pf3=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load1=load1_/pf1\n",
-      "load2=load2_/pf2\n",
-      "load3=load3_/pf3\n",
-      "wc1=cu_loss\n",
-      "wc2=cu_loss*(load2/load1)**2\n",
-      "wc3=cu_loss*(load3/load1)**2\n",
-      "twc=(t1*wc1)+(t2*wc2)+(t3*wc3)+(t4*0)\n",
-      "iron_loss=24*iron_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=twc+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(t1*load1_)+(t2*load2_)+(t3*load3_)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 86
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.79, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=3.0#kW\n",
-      "tf=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*24/2\n",
-      "wcf=loss*tf/2\n",
-      "wch=loss/8\n",
-      "wch=wch*4\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+wch+wcf\n",
-      "output=load*tf+load*th/2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.2509225092 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.80, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "tf=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t10=14.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#1st transformer\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "tloss=inpt-load\n",
-      "y=tloss/2\n",
-      "x=y\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*tf+th*(x/2**2)+t10*(x/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=tf*load+th*load/2+t10*10\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "#2nd transformer\n",
-      "y=tloss/(1+1.0/4)\n",
-      "x=(tloss-y)\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "wc=tf*y+th*(y/2**2)+t10*(y/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+wc\n",
-      "e2=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency of forst transformer=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency ofsecond transformer=\",e2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.408163265306 1.63265306122\n",
-        "efficiency of forst transformer= 96.5245532574 %\n",
-        "efficiency ofsecond transformer= 97.7876610788 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.81, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "nl=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "ql=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "hl=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "fl=2.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-load\n",
-      "wc_fl=loss/2\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "wc_fl_4=(1.0/4)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=(1.0/2)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_ql=ql*wc_fl_4\n",
-      "wc_hl=hl*wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=fl*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc=wc_ql+wc_hl+wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wh=wc\n",
-      "loss=wh+24*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "half_output=(output/2)\n",
-      "q_load=(load/4)\n",
-      "output=ql*q_load+hl*half_output+fl*output\n",
-      "e=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 89.5592740985 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.82, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "load=15#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "pf1=0.5\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "k1=2#kW\n",
-      "k2=12#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "wc=loss/2\n",
-      "wi=loss/2\n",
-      "w1=k1/pf1\n",
-      "w2=k2/pf2\n",
-      "wc1=wc*(4/load)\n",
-      "wc2=wc\n",
-      "wc12=t1*wc1\n",
-      "wc6=t2*wc2\n",
-      "wc=(wc12+wc6)\n",
-      "wi=24*wi\n",
-      "output=(k1*t1)+(t2*k2)\n",
-      "inpt=output+wc+wi\n",
-      "e=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.918367346939 3.67346938776\n",
-        "efficiency= 95.4351795496 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.83, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "l1_=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "t=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "loss=1.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "l1=l1_/2\n",
-      "l2=l1_\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "loss=loss*2\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "wc1=t*(1.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc2=8*(2.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc=wc1+wc2\n",
-      "wi=24*1\n",
-      "loss=wc+wi\n",
-      "output=3*(l1*1)+8*(l2*1)\n",
-      "e2=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ordinary efficiency=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"all day efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ordinary efficiency= 98.6842105263 %\n",
-        "all day efficiency= 97.1480513578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.84, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94#%\n",
-      "nl=10\n",
-      "hl=5.0\n",
-      "ql=6.0\n",
-      "fl=3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(load*1000)*(1-efficiency)/efficiency\n",
-      "wch=(0.5)**2*pi\n",
-      "eh=wch*hl/1000\n",
-      "wcq=(0.25)**2*pi\n",
-      "eq=ql*wcq/1000\n",
-      "e3=pi*3/1000\n",
-      "e2=pi*24/1000\n",
-      "e=25*hl+12.5*ql+50*fl\n",
-      "efficiency=e/(e+e2+eh+eq+e3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.4557217274 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.85, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=8.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "k1=3.0#kW\n",
-      "k2=8.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.6\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x1=k1/(pf1*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=load/(1*load)\n",
-      "pc1=(0.5)**2*0.1\n",
-      "pc2=pc3=0.10\n",
-      "o1=k1*t1\n",
-      "o2=k2*t2\n",
-      "o3=k2*load\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "wc1=pc1*t1\n",
-      "wc2=pc2*t2\n",
-      "wc3=pc3*t3\n",
-      "cu_loss=wc1+wc2+wc3\n",
-      "loss=400.0*24/10000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficency= 98.27465179 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.86, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=.98\n",
-      "load=15.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0\n",
-      "t2=6.0\n",
-      "t3=6.0\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "k1=2.0\n",
-      "k2=12.0\n",
-      "k3=18.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "x1=k1/(0.5*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=k3/(pf3*load)\n",
-      "wc1=0.131\n",
-      "wc2=0.918\n",
-      "wc3=1.632\n",
-      "o1=t1*k1\n",
-      "o2=t2*k2\n",
-      "o3=t3*k3\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "loss=wc1+wc2+wc3+0.153*24\n",
-      "efficiency=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.9798386522 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.87, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=115.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "power=load*(1-k)\n",
-      "power2=k*load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)power transferred inductively=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"b)power transferred conductively=\",power2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)power transferred inductively= 1.5 kW\n",
-        "b)power transferred conductively= 1.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 145
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.88, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i1=k*i\n",
-      "saving=k*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"economy of cu=\",saving"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "economy of cu= 80.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 147
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.89, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=6600.0#V\n",
-      "v2=5000.0#V\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "phim1=1.3#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phim=e/(4.44*f)\n",
-      "area=phim/phim1\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core area=\",area*10000,\"m2\"\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the hv side=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the lv side=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core area= 277.2002772 m2\n",
-        "number of turns on the hv side= 825.0\n",
-        "number of turns on the lv side= 625.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.90, Page Number:1189"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2640*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i1_-i2\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 219.12 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 1095.6 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 91.3 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.91, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2160*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i2-i1_\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 179.28 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 896.4 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 74.7 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 160
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.92, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "iron_loss=50.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=load*1000/efficiency-load*1000-iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000/(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)\n",
-      "i2=(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"current drawn on hv side=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.9760216579 %\n",
-        "current drawn on hv side= 23.1967703349 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.93, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500#V\n",
-      "v2=2300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva=(v1+v2)*50*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage output=\",v1+v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating of auto transformer=\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage output= 13800 V\n",
-        "kVA rating of auto transformer= 690.0 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.94, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=2300.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#KVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*100/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*100/v2\n",
-      "kva1=(v1+v2)*i1/(100)\n",
-      "kva2=(v1+v2)*i2/(100)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage ratios=\",(v1+v2)/v1,\"or\",(v1+v2)/v2\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in first case=\",kva1\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in second case=\",kva2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage ratios= 1.2 or 6.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in first case= 120.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in second case= 600.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 167
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.95, Page Number:1192"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#v\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "output=2640*i2\n",
-      "i=i2*2640/v1\n",
-      "k=2640/v1\n",
-      "poweri=v1*i1*0.001\n",
-      "power=output/1000-poweri\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rating of the auto-transformer=\",output/1000,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"inductively transferred powers=\",poweri,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"conductively transferred powers=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rating of the auto-transformer= 550.0 kVA\n",
-        "inductively transferred powers= 50.0 kW\n",
-        "conductively transferred powers= 500.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 169
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.96, Page Number:1196"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "za=complex(0.5,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.,10)\n",
-      "load=100#KW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa)*math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb)*math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "96.082805253\n",
-        "SA= 74.5937961595 kW\n",
-        "SB= 25.4062038405 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.97, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r1=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "zb=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.degrees((-1)*math.acos(pf))*math.degrees(math.atan((za/zb).imag/(za/zb).real)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load of B=\",abs(za/zb)\n",
-      "print \"pf of B=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load of B= 1.21872643265\n",
-        "pf of B= 0.613584256393\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.98, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.2,4.8)\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(-pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 224.451917244 -39.3923099293\n",
-        "SB= 275.942423833 -34.8183886694\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 205
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.99, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "r1=0.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "r2=0.75\n",
-      "x2=4.0\n",
-      "load1=180.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=load1/pf\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "s1=s*z2/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "s2=s*z1/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "kw1=abs(s1)*math.cos(math.atan(s1.imag/s1.real))\n",
-      "kw2=abs(s2)*math.cos(math.atan(s2.imag/s2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW1=\",kw1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"kW2=\",kw2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "(1.25+12j)\n",
-        "kW1= 58.119626171 kW\n",
-        "kW2= 121.880373829 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.100, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(0.85,-0.527)\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA for A=\",abs(sa),math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA for B=\",abs(sb),math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA for A= 130.53263665 0.819364787986 lag\n",
-        "kVA for B= 105.238776124 0.884143252833 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.101, Page Number:1198"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "load=125.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(0.9,10)\n",
-      "zb=(100/50)*complex(1.0,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 63.0780848499 -39.929442891 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 62.1031510961 -33.7622749748 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 218
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.102, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "load2=250#kVA\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zb=(500/load2)*zb\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 471.125736359 -40.3232138964 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 281.165527855 -31.0771011508 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 219
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.103, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=1000#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.5,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=i*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ratio=zb/za\n",
-      "ib=i/(1+ratio)\n",
-      "ia=i-ib\n",
-      "ratio=ia.real/ib.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",ia\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",ib\n",
-      "print \"ratio of output=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= (504.451038576-341.246290801j)\n",
-        "IB= (295.548961424-258.753709199j)\n",
-        "ratio of output= 1.70682730924\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 220
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.104, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1.0,5.0)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.0,2.0)\n",
-      "load1=300.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(100.0/250)*zb\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "zab=za*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "drop=zab.real*240/100+zab.imag*180/100\n",
-      "v2=v2-v2*drop/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 55.8895719399 -64.6284382469 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 251.890896741 -30.9383707209 degrees\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 486.177874187 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.105, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n11=5000.0\n",
-      "n12=440.0\n",
-      "load1=200#kVA\n",
-      "n21=5000.0\n",
-      "n22=480.0\n",
-      "load2=350#kVA\n",
-      "x=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=load1*1000/n12\n",
-      "i2=load2*1000/n22\n",
-      "x1=x*n12/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x2=x*n22/(100*i2)\n",
-      "ic=(n22-n12)/0.057\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load circulation current=\",ic/i1,\"times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load circulation current= 1.54385964912 times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.106, Page Number:1203"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "ea=6600#V\n",
-      "eb=6400#V\n",
-      "za=complex(0.3,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.2,1)\n",
-      "zl=complex(8.0,6.0)\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",abs(ia),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",abs(ib),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 195.492387533 A\n",
-        "IB= 422.567795916 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 227
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.107, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "load2=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=950.0#V\n",
-      "r1=2.0\n",
-      "r2=2.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "x2=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/v1\n",
-      "ra=v1*r1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=v1*x1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/v2\n",
-      "rb=v2*r2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=v2*x2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "z=((ra+rb)**2+(xa+xb)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/z\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan((xa+xb)/(ra+rb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load circulating current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load circulating current= 25.0948635944 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.108, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=1000.0#KVA\n",
-      "load2=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=510.0#V\n",
-      "z1=3.0\n",
-      "z2=5.0\n",
-      "r=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/480\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/480\n",
-      "za=z1*v1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "zb=z2*v2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "ic=(v2-v1)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"cross current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "cross current= 315.656565657 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.109, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "loada=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "loadb=250.0#kVA\n",
-      "load=750.0#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=405.0#V\n",
-      "v2=415.0#V\n",
-      "ra=1.0\n",
-      "rb=1.5\n",
-      "xa=5.0\n",
-      "xb=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=loada*1000/400\n",
-      "ra=400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=xa*400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=loadb*1000/400\n",
-      "rb=rb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=xb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "za=complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "zl=400**2*0.001/load*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "ia=(v1*zb+(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(v2*za-(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "sa=400*ia/1000\n",
-      "sb=400*ib/1000\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real))\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross current=\",-abs(ic),math.degrees(math.atan(ic.imag/ic.real))\n",
-      "print \"b)SA=\",abs(sa),pf1,\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"  SB=\",abs(sb),pf2,\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross current= -229.754569404 -72.8972710309\n",
-        "b)SA= 387.844943528 0.820048560714 lag\n",
-        "  SB= 351.964386212 0.738709225528 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.110, Page Number:1205"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zl=complex(2.0,1.5)\n",
-      "za=complex(0.15,0.5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.1,0.6)\n",
-      "ea=207#V\n",
-      "eb=205#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2_=(ia+ib)*zl\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ia.imag/ia.real)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ib.imag/ib.real)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "pa=abs(v2_)*abs(ia)*pfa\n",
-      "pb=abs(v2_)*abs(ib)*pfb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pa,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pb,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pfa\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pfb\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output:\n",
-        " A: 6535.37583042 W\n",
-        " B: 4925.36941503 W\n",
-        "power factor:\n",
-        " A: 0.818428780129\n",
-        " B: 0.775705655277\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 248
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.111, Page Number:1206"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "ib=600.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rb=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "xa=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "xb=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "ea=245.0#V\n",
-      "eb=240.0#V\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.25,0.1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=(ea/ia)*complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=(eb/ib)*complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "i=(ea*zb+eb*za)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2=i*zl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(abs(v2)),round(math.degrees(math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real))),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 230.0 -3.0 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_uwh7oAV.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_uwh7oAV.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d43ac823..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_uwh7oAV.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3109 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6eddcd87c5c220a184bc6a72a3af06c45a444c1fd08c6f0e5d7d854e3ce98ba8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 34:Induction Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.1, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=290.0#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "Ns=300.0#rpm(considered)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=120*f/Ns\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no. of poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no. of poles= 20.0\n",
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.2, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "slot=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=2*n\n",
-      "slots_total=slot*P*n\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/P\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"No. of stator poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"Total number of slots=\",slots_total\n",
-      "print \"Speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " No. of stator poles= 6\n",
-        "Total number of slots= 54\n",
-        "Speed= 1000 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.3, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "slip1=0.04\n",
-      "slip2=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip1)\n",
-      "f1=slip2*f*60\n",
-      "#at standstill s=1\n",
-      "f2=1*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04=\",N\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",f1,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency of the rotor current at standstill=\",f2,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating= 1500 rpm\n",
-        "speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04= 1440.0\n",
-        "frequency of rotor current= 90.0 rpm\n",
-        "frequency of the rotor current at standstill= 50 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.4, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=0.04\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip)\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "f1=s*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the synchronous speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor speed=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm=\",f1,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the synchronous speed= 1500.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm= 30.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.5, Page Number:1256"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "N=500#rpm\n",
-      "p2=8\n",
-      "slip=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*N/120\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p2\n",
-      "N=Ns-slip*Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load speed of the motor=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load speed of the motor= 727.5 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.6, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e=80#V\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=4#ohm\n",
-      "rheo=3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E=e/(3)**0.5\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=E/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "R=rheo+r\n",
-      "z2=(R**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=E/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "pf2=R/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are short circuited:\"\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm\",\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip rings are short circuited:\n",
-        "current/phase 11.2022406722 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.242535625036\n",
-        "slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm current/phase 8.16496580928 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.707106781187\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.7, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=6.5\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=v*k/(3**0.5)\n",
-      "R=x-r\n",
-      "r2=x\n",
-      "z=(x**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=e2/z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "starting current= 100.491886883 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.8, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=1100#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ratio=3.8\n",
-      "r=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=v/ratio\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=e/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "i2=100*ratio\n",
-      "z2=e/i2\n",
-      "r2=(z2**2-x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "R=r2-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current with slip rings shorted=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf with slip rings shorted=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",i2\n",
-      "print \"pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current with slip rings shorted= 1156.56314266 A\n",
-        "pf with slip rings shorted= 0.0479447993684\n",
-        "current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted= 380.0\n",
-        "pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted= 0.768221279597\n",
-        "external resistance= 0.70758173952 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.9, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "v=3000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "ratio=3.6\n",
-      "r=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "l=3.61*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "x2=2*3.14*l*f\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "r2_=0.1/k**2\n",
-      "x2_=ratio**2*x2\n",
-      "is1=v/((r**2+x2_**2)**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "ts=(3*3/(2*3.14*f))*((v**2)*r2_)/(r2_**2+x2_**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",is1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ts=\",ts,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 117.896733436 A\n",
-        "ts= 512.375725888 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.10, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "zr=complex(6,2)\n",
-      "v=80#V\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=e2/abs(zr+zs)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*zs.imag\n",
-      "ir=er/abs(complex(zs.real,xr))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor current at standstill=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor current at standstill= 5.26498126493 A\n",
-        "rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited= 3.31800758166 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.11, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "e=120#V\n",
-      "r2=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=e/3**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(r2**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=er/zr\n",
-      "s=r2/x2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(xr**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor when running short-circuited=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"current when torque is maximum=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor when running short-circuited= 9.05821627316 A\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "current when torque is maximum= 32.6598632371 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.12, Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tb=150.0#kg-m\n",
-      "n=660.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "t=tb*(2/((sb/s)+s/sb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"kg-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 90.0 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(a), Page Number:1266"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variablde declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "vd=0.90\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio_s=(1/vd)**2\n",
-      "ratio_i=ratio_s*vd\n",
-      "cu_loss_increase=ratio_i**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in motor copper losses=\",cu_loss_increase"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in motor copper losses= 1.23456790123\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(b), Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p1=15.0#kW\n",
-      "n=980.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.93\n",
-      "vd=0.10\n",
-      "fd=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=(1-vd)*v\n",
-      "f2=(1-fd)*f\n",
-      "n1=120*f/p\n",
-      "n2=120*f2/p\n",
-      "s1=(n1-n)/n1\n",
-      "ratio_f=s1*(v*(1-vd)/v)**2*f2/f\n",
-      "n2=n2*(1-ratio_f)\n",
-      "p2=p1*n2/n1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the new operating speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the new output power=\",p2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the new operating speed= 935.3795 rpm\n",
-        "the new output power= 14.0306925 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(a), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "v2=200#V\n",
-      "r=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 0.24 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(b), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "r=0.001#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n2=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "ratio=2*s**2*a/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of the maximum to full-load torque=\",ratio*1000,\"10^-3\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of the maximum to full-load torque= 3.9603960396 10^-3\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(c), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "v=600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=495#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.01\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n=Ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of max torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of max torque= 470.0 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of torques= 0.324324324324\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.15, Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=746.0#kW\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=16\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.02,0.15)\n",
-      "n=360.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "a=zr.real/zr.imag\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "N=ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "R=zr.imag-zr.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 0.550458715596\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 325.0 rpm\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.13 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.16, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "a=solve(ratio-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "r=a[0]*x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1187.5 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.0291699475574164 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.17, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "t_ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-a)*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",1/t_ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 1.45\n",
-        "speed= 675.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.18, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "a2=Symbol('a2')\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "t_ratio=2.5\n",
-      "t_ratio2=1.5\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t_ratio3=t_ratio2/t_ratio\n",
-      "a=solve(t_ratio3-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "a2=solve(a2**2-0.15*a2+0.0009,a2)\n",
-      "r_red=(a[0]-a2[1])/a[0]\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance=\",r_red*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance= 56.8784093726987 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.19, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "n=650.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "r=a*x2-r\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"extra resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "extra resistance= 0.52 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.20, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R=Symbol('R')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "t=162.8#N-m\n",
-      "n=1365.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "R=solve(1.0/(4*x2)-((r+R)/((r+R)**2+x2**2)),R)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",round(R[0],1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 0.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.21, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "t_ratios=1.60\n",
-      "t_ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcualtion\n",
-      "t_ratio=t_ratios/t_ratiom\n",
-      "#0.8a2-2*a+0.8 a=0.04\n",
-      "#0.5=2*a*sf/a2+sf2 sf=0.01\n",
-      "a=0.04\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-sf*ns\n",
-      "N=ns-a*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load speed= 1485.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1440.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.22, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.85#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*(v/3**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tf=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 52.4097855621 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 99.9125764956 N-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 858.823529412 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.23, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=100#rpm considered\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "n2=n/2\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "ratio=((s2/s)*(r**2+(s*x)**2)/(r**2+(s2*x)**2))**0.5\n",
-      "per=1-1/ratio\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(s2*x/r)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 22.8528060715 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.307902262948\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.26, Page Number:1272"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "t=100#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-n\n",
-      "n2=n+ns/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator supply voltage=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator supply voltage= 220 V\n",
-        "new speed= 1050 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.24, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delclaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=1140.0#rpm\n",
-      "e=440.0#V\n",
-      "e2=550.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "s2=s1*(e/e2)**2\n",
-      "n2=ns*(1-s2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1053.6 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.25, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=450.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=873.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=23.0#degrees\n",
-      "n2=864.0#rpm\n",
-      "alpha=1.0/234.0#per degrees centrigrade\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s1=(900-n)/900\n",
-      "s2=(900-n2)/900\n",
-      "ratio=s2/s1-1\n",
-      "t2=(s2/s1-1)/alpha+23  \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in rotor resistance=\",ratio*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"approx temperature=\",t2,\"degrees centigrade\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in rotor resistance= 33.3333333333 %\n",
-        "approx temperature= 101.0 degrees centigrade\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.27, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=500.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "load=80.0#kW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/60.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=alt/(60.0*f)\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=(1.0/3.0)*load*1000/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*1000,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/10000,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 996.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.888888888889 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.28, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "n=1425.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "ratio=0.8\n",
-      "loss=500.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=75/ns\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "tf=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "ir=s*ratio*e1/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ir**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=2*3.4*(n/60)*tf\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "s=z.real/z.imag\n",
-      "tmax=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "nmax=ns-s*ns\n",
-      "i=ratio*e1/abs(z)\n",
-      "tst=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real)/(z.real**2+(z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" full load torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"cu_loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"max torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",nmax,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " full load torque= 78.9197452229 N-m\n",
-        "rotor current= 22.7215022978 A\n",
-        "cu_loss= 619.52 W\n",
-        "power output= 12245.5388535 W\n",
-        "max torque= 98.6496815287 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1350.0 rpm\n",
-        "starting current= 50.5546790867 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 19.5345904017 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.29, Page Number:1285"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "P=23#kW\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e=0.92\n",
-      "n=1440#r.p.m\n",
-      "loss=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=P/e\n",
-      "total_loss=motor_input-P\n",
-      "friction_loss=total_loss/p\n",
-      "Pm=P+friction_loss\n",
-      "Psw=Pm*1500/n\n",
-      "ws=2*3.14*1500/60\n",
-      "Tsw=Psw*1000/ws\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous torque=\",round(Tsw),\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous torque= 156.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.30, Page Number:1286"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60#kW\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=load-loss\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "rotor_loss=cu_loss*1000/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",rotor_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power developed= 57.23 kW\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 590.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.31, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=20#KW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "i=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "fr=s*f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*load*1000\n",
-      "r2=cu_loss/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",fr,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of rotor current= 1.5 Hz\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 600.0 W\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.0555555555556 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.32, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=3.73#KW\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "loss=280#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "input_r=load*1000*ns/n\n",
-      "input_s=input_r+loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator input=\",input_s,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator input= 4165.41666667 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.33, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=75.0#KW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "f1=alt/60\n",
-      "s=f1/f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss_r_per_phase=s*p2/3\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss per phase=\",cu_loss_r_per_phase,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechancal power=\",pm,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 966.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss per phase= 0.833333333333 kW\n",
-        "mechancal power= 72.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.34, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "n=975.0#rpm\n",
-      "p1=40.0#KW\n",
-      "loss_s=1.0#kW\n",
-      "loss=2.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "p2=p1-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft power=\",pout,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 2.5 %\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.975 kW\n",
-        "shaft power= 36.025 kW\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.35, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=100#KW\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.018\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "cu_loss=2440#W\n",
-      "iron_loss=3500#W\n",
-      "rotational_loss=1200#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output+rotational_loss/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=(s/(1-s))*pm\n",
-      "p2=pm+cu_loss_r\n",
-      "input_s=p2+cu_loss/1000+iron_loss/1000\n",
-      "il=input_s*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.85132382892 kW\n",
-        "line current= 22.1989272175 A\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.7202341611 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.36, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=100.0#W\n",
-      "c=120.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=c/(f*60)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2/3\n",
-      "n2=ns-n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of stator field with respect to rotor=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "mechanical power= 96.0 kW\n",
-        "copper loss= 1.33333333333 kW\n",
-        "speed of stator field with respect to rotor= 40.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.37, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.9\n",
-      "output=37#kW\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "x=total_loss/(3+0.5)\n",
-      "input_r=output*1000+x/2+x\n",
-      "s=x/input_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.0303030303 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.38, Page Number:1289"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=45#KW\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "iron_loss=1200#kW\n",
-      "loss=900#kW\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*i)\n",
-      "r=r*3/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*(i/3**0.5)**2*r\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=s*42788\n",
-      "pm=42788-cu_loss_r\n",
-      "output_s=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output_s/(load*1000)\n",
-      "t=(output_s*60)/(2*3.14*970)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"p out=\",output_s,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf= 0.866025403784\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 1283.64 W\n",
-        "p out= 40604.36 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.2319111111 %\n",
-        "torque= 399.937881673 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(a), Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.75\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "pcr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=pcr*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sm)\n",
-      "e3=sm*e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load torque=\",tg/9.81,\"kg-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor emf at max torque=\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load torque= 4.26478644041 kg-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n",
-        "rotor emf at max torque= 8.06457518868 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(b), Page Number:1290"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.86\n",
-      "loss=0.05\n",
-      "cu_r=0.04\n",
-      "m_loss=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=3**0.5*v*i*pf\n",
-      "loss_s=loss*input_m\n",
-      "input_r=input_m-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_lossr=cu_r*input_r\n",
-      "mec_loss=m_loss*input_r\n",
-      "output_shaft=input_r-cu_lossr-mec_loss\n",
-      "s=cu_lossr/input_r\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "wr=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "output_r=input_r-cu_lossr\n",
-      "tr=output_r/wr\n",
-      "tin=output_shaft/wr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed in the rotor=\",tr,\"Nw-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tin,\"Nw-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed in the rotor= 36.0531340072 Nw-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 34.9264735695 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 91
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.40, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "p=40.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.5\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(x*sm)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "input_r=cu_loss/sm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross output at 5% slip=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",input_r,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross output at 5% slip= 6242.77652849 W\n",
-        "maximum torque= 8780.04535147 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.41, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=0.025\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pw=loss*pout*1000\n",
-      "pm=pout*1000+pw\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*pm/(1-s)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout*1000/n\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"gross electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor cu loss= 796.510416667 W\n",
-        "rotor input= 19912.7604167 W\n",
-        "shaft torque= 123.685763889 N-m\n",
-        "gross electromagnetic torque= 126.777907986 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.42, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=710#rpm\n",
-      "load=35#kW\n",
-      "loss=1200#W\n",
-      "loss_r=600#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "p2=load*1000-loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss_r\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power output=\",pout,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.80266666667 kW\n",
-        "gross torque= 430.386666667 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power= 31997.3333333 W\n",
-        "net torque= 422.316244131 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power output= 31397.3333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.43, Page Number:1292"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tsh=149.3#N-m\n",
-      "loss=200#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=1620#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=tsh*2*3.14*(n/60)\n",
-      "output=pout+loss\n",
-      "p2=output*ns/n\n",
-      "cu_lossr=p2-output\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",pout/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"the efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 15.001664 kW\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 633.402666667 W\n",
-        "the efficiency= 85.9444669361 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.44, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "i2=35#A\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pm=pout+loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_lossr=pm*s*1000/(1-s)\n",
-      "r2=cu_lossr/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistane per phase=\",r2,\"ohm/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistane per phase= 0.222789115646 ohm/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.45, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sf=Symbol('sf')\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1/ratio\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*25))*(e2**2/(2*x))\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "sf=solve(0.5*(a**2+sf**2)-2*a*sf,sf)\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sf[0])\n",
-      "tf=tmax/2\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tf/60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"full load slip=\",sf[0]\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 318.47133758 N-m\n",
-        "full load slip= 0.0267949192431123\n",
-        "power output= 24330.1270189222 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.46, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "k=0.67\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1*k\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(sm*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_lossr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_lossr*(1-sm)/sm\n",
-      "n=(1-sm)*ns\n",
-      "tmax=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 40.4815391879 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 63.511037037 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.47, Page Number:1293"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e2=110#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at start=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at s=4%\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"full load torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf of motor at start= 0.164398987305\n",
-        "pf of motor at s=4% 0.972387301981\n",
-        "full load torque= 582.728189612 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.48, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "tsh=162.84#N-m\n",
-      "c=90.0\n",
-      "t=20.36#N-m\n",
-      "loss=830.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "fr=c/60\n",
-      "s=fr/f\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tsh/60\n",
-      "tg=tsh+t\n",
-      "p2=tg*ns/9.55\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"motor input\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 16532.6024 W\n",
-        "cu loss= 575.497382199 W\n",
-        "motor input 19758.7434555 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 83.6723369441 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.49, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=420.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.25,0.75)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.173,0.52)\n",
-      "v1=420.0#V\n",
-      "v2=350.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=zr.real+k**2*z.real\n",
-      "x02=zr.imag+k**2*z.imag\n",
-      "z02=((r+r02)**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v2/(3**0.5*z02)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*(r+zr.real)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss*3\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tst=9.55*p2/(ns*9.81)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"kg-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 48.2909354778 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.50, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "load=37.3#ohm\n",
-      "v=280#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.25\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "k=1.0/3\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wsc=2*v*i*pf\n",
-      "power_phase=v*i*pf\n",
-      "R=power_phase/i**2\n",
-      "r2_=R-r\n",
-      "r2=k**2*r2_\n",
-      "p2=3*i**2*r2_\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "t=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance perphaseof therotor winding=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"startingtorque=\",t,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance perphaseof therotor winding= 0.0222222222222 ohm\n",
-        "startingtorque= 305.6 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.51, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratios=1.6\n",
-      "ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "sb=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=(ratios/sf)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip at full load=\",sf\n",
-      "print \"slip at maximum torque=\",sb\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",i"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip at full load= 0.01\n",
-        "slip at maximum torque= 0.04\n",
-        "rotor current= 12.6491106407\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.52, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200#km/h\n",
-      "f=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "w=v*5.0/18/(2*f)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pole pitch=\",w*1000,\"mm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pole pitch= 277.777777778 mm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.53, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "w=6#mm\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p=6#kW\n",
-      "loss=1.2#kW\n",
-      "v=2.4#m/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vs=2*f*w/100\n",
-      "s=(vs-v)/vs\n",
-      "p2=p-loss\n",
-      "pcr=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-pcr\n",
-      "f=p2*1000/vs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous speed=\",vs,\"m/s\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",pcr,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"thrust=\",f/1000,\"kN\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous speed= 3 m/s\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "cu loss= 0.96 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 3.84 kW\n",
-        "thrust= 1.6 kN\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.54, Page Number:1304"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=0.12\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm/phase\n",
-      "pg=9000.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=r*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "v=(pg*rl/3)**0.5\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load resistance=\",rl,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"load voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"load current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load resistance= 0.586666666667 ohm\n",
-        "load voltage= 41.9523539268 V\n",
-        "load current= 71.5096941934 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 166
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.55, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r1=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "xm=complex(0,28.5)#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl_=r2_*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "i2_=(v/3**0.5)/complex(r1+rl_,x1)\n",
-      "i0=(v/3**0.5)/xm\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator current= (74.5730253701-19.1783634605j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.968485280755\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 177
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.56, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "power=3.73#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "b0=-1.0/30\n",
-      "loss=50#W\n",
-      "lossr=150#W\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zab=complex(30*complex(r2_/s,x2_))/complex(r2_/s,x2_-1/b0)\n",
-      "z01=complex(r1,x1)+zab\n",
-      "vph=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i1=v1/z01\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i1.real**2*zab.real\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "power_o=pm-lossr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=power_o/(power_o+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"input current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"air gap power=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"electro magnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",power_o,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "input current= (21.9914486234+42.6194245913j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.45854949826\n",
-        "air gap power= 5173.46132109 W\n",
-        "mechanical power= 4966.52286825 W\n",
-        "electro magnetic torque= 32.9377037443 N-m\n",
-        "output power= 4816.52286825 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.9644851937 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 184
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.57, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.44#ohm\n",
-      "loss=1250#W\n",
-      "lossr=1000#W\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "pf=0.09\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2_=v1/complex(r1+r2_/s,x1+x2_)\n",
-      "i1=i2_+complex(1.78,19.9)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i2_.real**2*r2_/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tg=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "pm=p2*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=pm-1000\n",
-      "cu_losss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_losss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/(pout+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= (50.2750367599+11.9125821807j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.973057118792\n",
-        "electromagnetic torque= 224.593900377 N-m\n",
-        "output= 33218.2329894 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 89.0932246577 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 186
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.58, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.06,0.2)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.06,0.22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r01=z.real+zr.real\n",
-      "x01=z.imag+zr.imag\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "s=z.real/(z.real+z01)\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "pmax=3*v1**2/(2*(r01+z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum gross power=\",pmax,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum gross power= 143676.459572 W\n",
-        "slip= 0.120771344025\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 188
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.59, Page Number:1307"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=115#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "z=complex(0.07,0.3)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.08,0.3)\n",
-      "gd=0.022#mho\n",
-      "bo=0.158#mho\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "rl_=1/bo*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "z=complex(z.real+zr.real+rl_,0.6)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=complex(16,-2.36)\n",
-      "io=v*complex(gd,-bo)\n",
-      "i1=io+i2\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "pg=3*abs(i2)**2*rl_/100\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pg/n\n",
-      "p2=3**0.5*v1*abs(i1)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=pg*100/p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pg,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary current= (16-2.36j) A\n",
-        "primary current= (17.460696181-12.8504543912j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.805393212665\n",
-        "power output= 2433.59058228 W\n",
-        "torque= 19.7625765823 N-m\n",
-        "input= 3477.92348593 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 69.9725164204 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.60, Page Number:1308"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,1)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.6,1)\n",
-      "zm=complex(10.0,50.0)\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sm=zr.real/(z.real**2+(z.imag+zr.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v1/((z.real+zr.real)**2+(zr.imag+z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tgmax=3*i2**2*z.real*60.0/(sm*2*3.14*1500)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tgmax,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 277.144160399 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_vwGXJQF.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_vwGXJQF.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index feb75575..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_vwGXJQF.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5447 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:37afbdb95d83a409c42483f9400df0ec405aafcb3f017067345a44342a88aaf2"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 32: Transformer"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "%matplotlib inline\n",
-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.1, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "phi=1.2#Wb-m2\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "a=v2/(4.44*f*n2*phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"secondary turns=\",n2\n",
-      "print \"area of core=\",round(a,2),\"m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary turns= 31.25\n",
-        "secondary turns= 375.0\n",
-        "area of core= 0.03 m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.2, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "bm=1.3#Tesla\n",
-      "sf=0.9\n",
-      "per=10#%\n",
-      "a=20*20*sf/10000#m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "n2=v2/(4.44*f*bm*a)\n",
-      "e_per_turn=v1/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV TURNS=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"LV TURNS=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"EMF per turns=\",round(e_per_turn,1),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV TURNS= 1059.0\n",
-        "LV TURNS= 53.0\n",
-        "EMF per turns= 10.4 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.3, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=1000.0\n",
-      "a=60.0/10000.0#cm2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "e1=520.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "bm=e1/(4.44*f*n1*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak value of flux density=\",bm,\"WB/m2\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary winding=\",e2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak value of flux density= 0.975975975976 WB/m2\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary winding= 1300.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.4, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=50.0\n",
-      "v=3000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "e1=v/n1\n",
-      "e2=e1*n2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary and secondary currents=\",i1,\"A\", i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary emf=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWB\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary and secondary currents= 8.33333333333 A 83.3333333333 A\n",
-        "secondary emf= 300.0 V\n",
-        "flux= 27.027027027 mWB\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.5, Page Number:1123"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "v1=11000#V\n",
-      "v2=550#V\n",
-      "load=300#kVA\n",
-      "phim=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=4.44*f*phim\n",
-      "e2=v2/1.732\n",
-      "t1=v1/e\n",
-      "t2=e2/e\n",
-      "output=load/3\n",
-      "HV=100*1000/v1\n",
-      "LV=100*1000/e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",t1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",t2\n",
-      "print \"emf per turn=\",e2\n",
-      "print \"full load HV=\",HV\n",
-      "print \"full load LV=\",LV"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 990.990990991\n",
-        "LV turns= 28.6082849593\n",
-        "emf per turn= 317.551963048\n",
-        "full load HV= 9\n",
-        "full load LV= 314.909090909\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.6, Page Number:1124"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=1200.0\n",
-      "a=80.0/10000.0#m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phim=n1/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "bm=phim/a\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"peak flux-density=\",bm,\"Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage induced in the secondary=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "peak flux-density= 0.563063063063 Wb\n",
-        "voltage induced in the secondary= 1200.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.7, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varible declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=250.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "v=1500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=n2*v/n1\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "phim=v/(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current an secondary current=\",i1,\"A\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)seconary emf=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)maximum flux=\",phim*1000,\"mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current an secondary current= 16.6666666667 A 104.166666667 A\n",
-        "ii)seconary emf= 240.0 V\n",
-        "iii)maximum flux= 27.027027027 mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.8, Page Number:1125"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "a=20.0*20.0/10000#m2\n",
-      "phim=1.0#Wbm2\n",
-      "v1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t2=v2/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "t1=t2*v1/v2\n",
-      "n1=t1/2\n",
-      "n2=t2/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV turns=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"LV turns=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV turns= 168.918918919\n",
-        "LV turns= 12.3873873874\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.9, Page Number:1126"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "p=400.0#W\n",
-      "v3=250.0#V\n",
-      "i0=0.5#A\n",
-      "pf=0.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=p/v1\n",
-      "imu=(i1**2-il**2)**0.5\n",
-      "iw=i0*pf\n",
-      "imu2=(i0**2-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"magnetising currents=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iron loss current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"magnetising components of no load primary current=\",imu2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"working components of no-load primary current=\",iw,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "magnetising currents= 0.571788552492 A\n",
-        "iron loss current= 0.181818181818 A\n",
-        "magnetising components of no load primary current= 0.476969600708 A\n",
-        "working components of no-load primary current= 0.15 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.10, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=500.0\n",
-      "n2=40.0\n",
-      "l=150.0#cm\n",
-      "airgap=0.1#mm\n",
-      "e1=3000.0#V\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "d=7.8#grma/cm3\n",
-      "loss=2.0#watt/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=e1/(4.44*f*n1*phim)\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "v2=k*e1\n",
-      "iron=l*5\n",
-      "air=phim*airgap/(1000*4*3.14*10**(-7))\n",
-      "bmax=iron+air\n",
-      "imu=bmax/(n1*2**0.5)\n",
-      "volume=l*a\n",
-      "im=volume*d*10\n",
-      "total_i=im*2\n",
-      "iw=total_i/(e1)\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=iw/i0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross sectional area=\",a*10000,\"cm2\"\n",
-      "print \"b)no load secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"c)no load current=\",imu,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"d)power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross sectional area= 225.225225225 cm2\n",
-        "b)no load secondary voltage= 240.0 V\n",
-        "c)no load current= 1.19577611723 A\n",
-        "d)power factor= 0.145353269536\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.11, Page Number:1127"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1000\n",
-      "n2=200\n",
-      "i=3#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=280#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i2_=i2/5\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "sinphi2=math.sin(math.acos(phi1))\n",
-      "i1=i*complex(pf,-sinphi)+i2_*complex(pf2,-sinphi2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",abs(i1),\"/_\",math.degrees(phi1),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 64.4918252531 /_ 36.8698976458 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.12, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=440.0#v\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "i0=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "i2=120.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "angle=phi2-phi0\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+(2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle)))**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current taken by the primary=\",i1,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current taken by the primary= 33.9022604184 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.13, Page Number:1130"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=800.0\n",
-      "n2=200.0\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "i1=25.0#A\n",
-      "pf2=0.707\n",
-      "i2=80.0#A\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "phi2=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phi1=math.acos(pf2)\n",
-      "i0pf2=i1*pf2-i2_*pf\n",
-      "i0sinphi=i1*pf2-i2_*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "phi0=math.atan(i0sinphi/i0pf2)\n",
-      "i0=i0sinphi/math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load current=\",i0,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load current= 5.91703050525 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.14, Page Number:1131"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.2\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "phil=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "i0=complex(2,-9.8)\n",
-      "i2_=complex(42.5,-26.35)\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(i1.real/57.333)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= (44.5-36.15j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 39.0890154959 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.15, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable decaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=120.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.22#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.034#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1*k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"high voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"low voltage side:\"\n",
-      "print \"equivalent winding resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "high voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 13.7 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 5.02 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 14.5907642021 ohm\n",
-        "low voltage side:\n",
-        "equivalent winding resistance= 0.03425 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.01255 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0364769105051 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.16, Page Number:1136"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=4400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.009#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.2#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "x02=x2+x1*k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "z02=(r02**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)resistance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)reactance=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)impedence=\"\n",
-      "print \"primary=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"v)copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance=\n",
-        "primary= 7.05 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.017625 ohm\n",
-        "reactance=\n",
-        "primary= 11.2 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.028 ohm\n",
-        "impedence=\n",
-        "primary= 13.2341414531 ohm\n",
-        "secondary= 0.0330853536327 ohm\n",
-        "copper loss= 910.382231405 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 68
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.17, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=10.0\n",
-      "load=50.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "z2=v/(i2)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z2_=z2/k**2\n",
-      "i2_=k*i2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)load impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"b)impedence referred to high tension side=\",z2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)the value of current referred to the high tension side=\",i2_,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)load impedence= 1.152 ohm\n",
-        "b)impedence referred to high tension side= 115.2 ohm\n",
-        "c)the value of current referred to the high tension side= 20.8333333333 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 70
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.18, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=317.0#V\n",
-      "load2=0.62#kW\n",
-      "lvload=0.48#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r1=load2*1000/i**2\n",
-      "r2=lvload*1000/i2**2\n",
-      "r2_=r2*k**2\n",
-      "x01=4*v1/(i1*100)\n",
-      "x2_=x01*r2_/(r1+r2_)\n",
-      "x1=x01-x2_\n",
-      "x2=x2_*10/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)r1=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r2_=\",r2_,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x1=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x2_=\",x2_,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)r1= 7.502 ohm\n",
-        "r2= 0.004823472 ohm\n",
-        "r2_= 5.808 ohm\n",
-        "ii)reactance= 48.4 ohm\n",
-        "x1= 27.28 ohm\n",
-        "x2= 0.175398981818 ohm\n",
-        "x2_= 21.12 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 76
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.19, Page Number:1137"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declarations\n",
-      "k=19.5\n",
-      "r1=25.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "i=1.25#A\n",
-      "angle=30#degrees\n",
-      "i2=200#A\n",
-      "v=50#V\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v2=complex(500,0)\n",
-      "i2=i2*complex(0.8,-0.6)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "e2=v2+i2*z2\n",
-      "beta=math.atan(e2.imag/e2.real)\n",
-      "e1=e2*k\n",
-      "i2_=i2/k\n",
-      "angle=beta+math.radians(90)+math.radians(angle)\n",
-      "i0=i*complex(math.cos(angle),math.sin(angle))\n",
-      "i1=-i2_+i0\n",
-      "v2=-e1+i1*complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real)-math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "power=abs(v2)*i*math.cos(math.radians(60))\n",
-      "r02=r2+r1/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i2)**2*r02\n",
-      "output=500*abs(i2)*pf2\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+power\n",
-      "inpt=output+loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary applied voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"primary pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary applied voltage= (-11464.2126901-1349.15424294j) V\n",
-        "primary pf= 0.698572087114\n",
-        "efficiency= 86.7261056254 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 94
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.20, Page Number:1138"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable description\n",
-      "load=100#KVA\n",
-      "v1=1100#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "zh=complex(0.1,0.4)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.006,0.015)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "#HV \n",
-      "r1=zh.real+zl.real*k**2\n",
-      "x1=zh.imag+zl.imag*k**2\n",
-      "z1=(r1**2+x1**2)**0.5\n",
-      "#LV\n",
-      "r2=r1/k**2\n",
-      "x2=x1/k**2\n",
-      "z2=z1/k**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"HV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z1,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"LV:\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "HV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.25 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.775 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.814324873745 ohm\n",
-        "LV:\n",
-        "resistance= 0.01 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 0.031 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 0.0325729949498 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.21, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230#V\n",
-      "v2=460#V\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.75#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.8#ohm\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "x02=x2+k**2*x1\n",
-      "vd=i*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "vt2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",vt2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 424.8 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.22, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.0#%\n",
-      "x=5.0#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "mu=r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "mu2=r**2+x*0\n",
-      "mu3=r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lag:\",mu,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=1:\",mu2,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation at pf=0.8 lead:\",mu3,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lag: 3.8 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=1: 1.0 %\n",
-        "regulation at pf=0.8 lead: -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 98
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.23, Page Number:1141"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "cosphi=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "regn=r*cosphi+x*sinphi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",cosphi"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.59016994375 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4472135955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 100
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.24, Page Number:1142"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=2.5#%\n",
-      "x=5#%\n",
-      "load1=500#KVA\n",
-      "load2=400#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kw=load2*pf\n",
-      "kvar=load2*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "drop=(r*kw/load1)+(x*kvar/load1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage voltage drop=\",drop,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage voltage drop= 4.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 102
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.25, Page Number:1144"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=0.286#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.319#ohm\n",
-      "ro=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.73#ohm\n",
-      "xo=1250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2_=complex(r2_,x2_)\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.387,0.29)\n",
-      "ym=complex(0.004,-0.0008)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "zl_=zl/(k**2)\n",
-      "zm=1/ym\n",
-      "x=zm+zl_+z2_\n",
-      "i1=v1/(z1+(zm*(z2_+zl_))/(zm+z2_+zl_))\n",
-      "i2_=i1*zm/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "io=i1*(z2_+zl_)/(zm+z2_+zl_)\n",
-      "pf=i1.real/abs(i1)\n",
-      "pi=v1*abs(i1)*pf/1000\n",
-      "po=abs(i2_)**2*zl_.real/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss=abs(i1)**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_loss2=abs(i2_)**2*r2_\n",
-      "core_loss=io.real**2*240\n",
-      "e=po*100/pi\n",
-      "v2_=i2_*zl_\n",
-      "reg=(v1-v2_.real)*100/v2_.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power input=\",round(pi.real,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Power output=\",round(po,1),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Primary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Secondary Cu loss=\",round(cu_loss2),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e.real,2),\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",round(reg.real),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power input= 104.6 kW\n",
-        "Power output= 82.5 kW\n",
-        "Primary Cu loss= 854.0 W\n",
-        "Secondary Cu loss= 680.0 W\n",
-        "Efficiency= 78.91 %\n",
-        "Regulation= 3.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.26, Page Number:1145"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=600#V\n",
-      "v2=1080#V\n",
-      "v=720#V\n",
-      "load=8#W\n",
-      "load2=10#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ir2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "il2=load*1000/v\n",
-      "ir2_=ir2*v2/v1\n",
-      "il2_=il2*v/v1\n",
-      "ir2=math.sqrt(ir2_**2+il2_**2)\n",
-      "s=complex(load,load2)\n",
-      "s=abs(s)\n",
-      "pf=load/s\n",
-      "i=s*load2*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 21.3437474581 A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.624695047554\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "i=0.5#A\n",
-      "p=30#W\n",
-      "r=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=v/v1\n",
-      "pf=p/(i*v)\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sqrt(1-pf**2)\n",
-      "ip=i*sinphi\n",
-      "iw=i*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=i**2*r\n",
-      "iron_loss=p-cu_loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)turns ratio=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"ii)magnetising component of no-load current=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)working component of no-load current=\",iw,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)the iron loss=\",iron_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)turns ratio= 2\n",
-        "ii)magnetising component of no-load current= 0.481045692921 A\n",
-        "iii)working component of no-load current= 0.136363636364 A\n",
-        "iv)the iron loss= 29.85 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 104
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=2000.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.2#A\n",
-      "po=90.0#W\n",
-      "vs=50.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=5.0#A\n",
-      "ps=110.0#W\n",
-      "p=3.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r0=v**2/po\n",
-      "ia0=v/r0\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(io**2-ia0**2)\n",
-      "xm=v/ip\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ps/25\n",
-      "x=math.sqrt(z**2-r**2)\n",
-      "r1=r*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "x1=x*(v1/v2)**2\n",
-      "i_lv1=load*1000/v\n",
-      "i_lv=(p*1000/pf)/v\n",
-      "sinphi=math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "reg=i_lv*(r1*pf+x1*sinphi)/v\n",
-      "vt=v2-reg*1000/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"LV crrent at rated load=\",i_lv1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf\",i_lv,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"output secondary voltage=\",vt,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"percentage regulation=\",reg*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "LV crrent at rated load= 25.0 A\n",
-        "LV current at 3kW at 0.8 lagging pf 18.75 A\n",
-        "output secondary voltage= 999.832975251 V\n",
-        "percentage regulation= 3.34049498886 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.29, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "loss1=52.0#W\n",
-      "f1=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss2=90.0#W\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(loss1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(loss2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 45.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 25.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.30, Page Number:1048"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "m=10#kg\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "f1=25.0\n",
-      "f2=40.0\n",
-      "f3=50.0\n",
-      "f4=60.0\n",
-      "f5=80.0\n",
-      "l1=18.5/f1\n",
-      "l2=36.0/f2\n",
-      "l3=50.0/f3\n",
-      "l4=66.0/f4\n",
-      "l5=104.0/f5\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([l1/f1-(A+f1*B),l2/f2-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "eddy_loss_per_kg=ans[B]*f**2/m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz=\",eddy_loss_per_kg,\"W\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#plot\n",
-      "F=[f1,f2,f3,f4,f5]\n",
-      "L=[l1,l2,l3,l4,l5]\n",
-      "plt.plot(F,L)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"f -->\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Wi/f\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,100))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((0.74,2))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "eddy current loss per kg at 50 Hz= -0.118333333333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      },
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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448oCti22KAvYTjgBXvCCpiuThqbpTu6WwL2r3V8MbNVQLdKg/eMfZUrq9tuXayzMm1c2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\nTvrvAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458da10>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.31, Page Number:1148"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "v1=440#V\n",
-      "f1=50#Hz\n",
-      "p1=2500#W\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f2=25#Hz\n",
-      "p2=850#z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ans=solve([(p1/f1)-(A+f1*B),(p2/f2)-(A+f2*B)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]*f\n",
-      "we=ans[B]*f**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"hysteresis=\",round(wh),\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"eddy current=\",round(we),\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hysteresis= 900.0 W\n",
-        "eddy current= 1600.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.32, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "f1=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "core=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=650.0#W\n",
-      "we=350.0#W\n",
-      "v2=2000.0#V\n",
-      "f2=100.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=wh/f1\n",
-      "b=we/f1**2\n",
-      "wh=a*f2\n",
-      "we=b*f2**2\n",
-      "new_core=wh+we\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new core loss=\",new_core,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " new core loss= 2700.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.33, Page Number:1149"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=1.4#Wb/m2\n",
-      "we=1000.0#W\n",
-      "wh=3000.0#W\n",
-      "per=10.0#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wh1=wh*1.1**1.6\n",
-      "we1=we*1.1**2\n",
-      "wh2=wh*0.9**(-0.6)\n",
-      "wh3=wh*1.1**1.6*1.1**(-0.6)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%=\",wh1,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%=\",wh2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%=\",wh3,\"W\",\"and\",we1,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)wh and we when applied voltage is increased by 10%= 3494.21441464 W and 1210.0 W\n",
-        "b)wh when frequency is reduced by 10%= 3195.77171838 W\n",
-        "c)wh and we when both voltage and frequency are increased y 10%= 3300.0 W and 1210.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 119
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.34, Page Number:1150"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=2200.0#V\n",
-      "f=40.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "wh=600.0#W\n",
-      "we=loss-wh\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "f2=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "a=wh/f\n",
-      "b=we/f**2\n",
-      "core_loss=a*f2+b*f2**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core loss at 60 Hz=\",core_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core loss at 60 Hz= 1350.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.35, Page Number:1151"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=30.0#KvA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.016#ohm\n",
-      "x01=34.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary voltage=\",vsc,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary voltage= 199.519931911 V\n",
-        "pf= 0.523468222173\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.36, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.7#A\n",
-      "po=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#v\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ps=85.0#W\n",
-      "load=5.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cosphi0=po/(vo*io)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(math.acos(cosphi0))\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=io*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "r02=ps/i_s**2\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load/pf\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/v2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "print z02\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "1.5\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 377.788243349 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.37, Page Number:1152"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "k=1.0/6\n",
-      "r1=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "x1=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "vsc=330.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=vsc/z01\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "cosphisc=i1**2*r01/(vsc*i1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in low voltage winding=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(cosphisc,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in low voltage winding= 200.396236149 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.38, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r1=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "r0=1500.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=750.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(iw**2+imu**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pi=v1*iw\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vsc=i1*z01\n",
-      "power=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"reading of instruments=\",vsc,\"V,\",i1,\"A,\",power,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "reading of instruments= 46.8187996429 V, 20.0 A, 880.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 140
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.39, Page Number:1153"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=1000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110#V\n",
-      "v2=220#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per1=98.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "per2=98.8#%\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculaions\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output*100/per2\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "inpt_half=(load/2)*pf*100/per1\n",
-      "loss2=inpt_half-400\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss,(x/4)+y-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "kva=load*(ans[y]/ans[x])*0.5\n",
-      "output=kva*1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]\n",
-      "total_loss=2*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load copper loss= 4.07324441521606 kW\n",
-        "maximum efficiency= 0.968720013059872 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 148
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.40, Page Number:1154"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=200.0#v\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x01=0.37#ohm\n",
-      "r0=600.0#ohm\n",
-      "x0=300.0#ohm\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "imu=v1/x0\n",
-      "iw=v1/r0\n",
-      "i0=(imu**2+iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tantheta=iw/imu\n",
-      "theta=math.atan(tantheta)\n",
-      "theta0=math.radians(90)-theta\n",
-      "angle=theta0-math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2_=i2*k\n",
-      "i1=(i0**2+i2_**2+2*i0*i2_*math.cos(angle))**0.5\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=x01*k**2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)primary current= 20.6693546639 A\n",
-        "ii)secondary terminal voltage= 386.32 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 149
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.43, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "n1=400.0\n",
-      "n2=80.0\n",
-      "r1=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=1.1#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.035#ohm\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=n2/n1\n",
-      "r01=r1+r2/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x1+x2/k**2\n",
-      "z01=complex(r01,x01)\n",
-      "z02=k**2*z01\n",
-      "v2=k*v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "vd=i2*(z02.real*pf-z02.imag*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=vd*100/v2\n",
-      "v2=v2-vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent impedence=\",z02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary terminal voltage=\",v2,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent impedence= (0.022+0.079j) ohm\n",
-        "ii)voltage regulation= -1.53925619835 %\n",
-        "secondary terminal voltage= 446.772727273 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.44, Page Number:1158"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=450.0#V\n",
-      "vb=120.0#V\n",
-      "v1=120.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=80.0#W\n",
-      "v2=9.65#V\n",
-      "i2=22.2#A\n",
-      "w2=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=vb/va\n",
-      "i0=i1*k\n",
-      "cosphi0=w1/(va*i0)\n",
-      "phi0=math.acos(cosphi0)\n",
-      "sinphi0=math.sin(phi0)\n",
-      "iw=i0*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=i0*sinphi0\n",
-      "r0=va/iw\n",
-      "x0=va/imu\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=vb/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "iron_loss=w1\n",
-      "cu_loss=(0.5**2)*w2\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf/2\n",
-      "efficiency2=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)equivalent circuit constants=\"\n",
-      "print \"z01=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"x01=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"r01=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8=\",efficiency*100,\"%\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)equivalent circuit constants=\n",
-        "z01= 0.434684684685 ohm\n",
-        "x01= 0.360090249002 ohm\n",
-        "r01= 0.243486729973 ohm\n",
-        "ii)efficiency and voltage regulation at pf=0.8= 97.5609756098 % 2.02885695496 %\n",
-        "iii)efficiency at half load and pf=0.8= 97.3236009732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.45, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "va=2200.0#V\n",
-      "vb=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=220.0#V\n",
-      "i1=4.2#A\n",
-      "w1=148.0#W\n",
-      "v2=86.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.5#A\n",
-      "w2=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v2/i2\n",
-      "r01=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/va\n",
-      "drop=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/va\n",
-      "pf=r01/z01\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",round(pf,1),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 2.94177963326 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.4 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 172
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.46, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "v=60.0#V\n",
-      "i=4.0#A\n",
-      "w=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v_=400.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z01=v/i\n",
-      "r01=w/i**2\n",
-      "x01=(z01**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "vd=i1*(r01*pf+x01*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage applied to hv side=\",v1+vd,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage applied to hv side= 2065.90767043 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 182
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.47, Page Number:1159"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=250.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=12.0#A\n",
-      "ws=100.0#W\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=1.0#A\n",
-      "wo=80.0#W\n",
-      "i2=10#A\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "pg=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cosphi0=wo/(vo*io)\n",
-      "iw=io*cosphi0\n",
-      "imu=(1-iw**2)**0.5\n",
-      "r0=v1/iw\n",
-      "x0=v1/imu\n",
-      "r02=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=r02/k**2\n",
-      "x01=x02/k**2\n",
-      "z01=z02/k**2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=wo\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=i2*v2*pf/(i2*v2*pf+total_loss)\n",
-      "v1_=((vo*pf+x01)**2+(vo*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"applied voltage=\",v1_,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "applied voltage= 251.442641983 V\n",
-        "efficiency= 96.3984469139 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 190
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.48, Page Number:1160"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=230.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=3.0#kVA\n",
-      "vo=230.0#V\n",
-      "io=2.0#A\n",
-      "wo=100.0#W\n",
-      "vs=15.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=13.0#A\n",
-      "ws=120.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=ws\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "z=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r=ws/(vs**2)\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*100/v1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 5.90121149256 %\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 194
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.49, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94\n",
-      "per=0.90\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=per*load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "core_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "pc=core_loss/per**2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "cu_loss=pc\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+cu_loss+core_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.5728354534 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 196
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.50, Page Number:1161"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=2300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "r1=3.96#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.0396#ohm\n",
-      "x1=15.8#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.158#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "r=r2+r1*(v2/v1)**2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "v1_=v2+i*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(r/x)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)HV side voltage necessary=\",v1,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"b)pf=\",round(pf,2)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)HV side voltage necessary= 2409.9826087 V\n",
-        "b)pf= 0.97\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 199
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.51, Page Number:1162"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#v\n",
-      "r1=3.4#ohm\n",
-      "x1=7.2#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.028#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.060#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "r=r1*(v2/v1)**2+r2\n",
-      "x=x1*(v2/v1)**2+x2\n",
-      "ad=i*r*pf\n",
-      "dc=i*x*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "oc=v2+ad+dc\n",
-      "bd=i*r*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "b_f=x*pf\n",
-      "cf=b_f-bd\n",
-      "v1_=(oc**2+cf**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v1_*(v1/v2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage on hv side=\",v1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage on hv side= 2229.28500444 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 200
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.52, Page Number:1163"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i1=0.7#A\n",
-      "w1=65.0#W\n",
-      "v=15.0#V\n",
-      "i2=10.0#A\n",
-      "w2=75.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.80\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "ih=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2\n",
-      "constant_loss=w1\n",
-      "z=v/i2\n",
-      "r=w2/i2**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=load*100000/(load*1000+cu_loss+constant_loss)\n",
-      "regn=i2*(r*pf+x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load regulation=\",regn,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.6183574879 %\n",
-        "full load regulation= 13.7942286341 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 209
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.53, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "z=4\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x=(z**2-cu_loss**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r01=cu_loss*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x01=x*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "z01=z*v1/(100*i1)\n",
-      "isc=i1*100/z\n",
-      "print \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"%x=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"reactance=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"impedence=\",z01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"primary sc current=\",isc,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "%x= 3.5721142199 %\n",
-        "resistance= 3.9204 ohm\n",
-        "reactance= 7.78006477094 ohm\n",
-        "impedence= 8.712 ohm\n",
-        "primary sc current= 378.787878788 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.54, Page Number:1164"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vo=220.0#V\n",
-      "i_o=4.2#A\n",
-      "wo=148.0#W\n",
-      "vs=86.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.5#A\n",
-      "ws=360.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r01=ws/i_s**2\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "z10=vs/i_s\n",
-      "x01=(z10**2-r01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "v1_=((v1*pf+i1*r01)**2+(v1*math.sin(math.acos(pf))+i1*x01)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn1=(v1_-v1)/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "core_loss=wo\n",
-      "cu_loss=i1**2*r01\n",
-      "cu_loss_half=(i1/2)**2*r01\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000*pf*100/(load*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "efficiency_half=(load/2)*1000*pf*100/((load/2)*1000*pf+core_loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "print v1_                                  \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)core loss=\",wo,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)equivalent resistance primary=\",r01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"c)equivalent resistance secondary=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"d)equivalent reactance primary=\",x01,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"e)equivalent reactance secondary=\",x02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"f)regulation=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"g)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"h)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency_half,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "2265.01840886\n",
-        "a)core loss= 148.0 W\n",
-        "b)equivalent resistance primary= 3.26530612245 ohm\n",
-        "c)equivalent resistance secondary= 0.0326530612245 ohm\n",
-        "d)equivalent reactance primary= 7.51143635755 ohm\n",
-        "e)equivalent reactance secondary= 0.0751143635755 ohm\n",
-        "f)regulation= 2.95538222101 %\n",
-        "g)efficiency at full load= 97.4548448466 %\n",
-        "h)efficiency at half load= 95.0360304208 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 222
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.55, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "er=1.0/100\n",
-      "ex=5.0/100\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn2=er*1\n",
-      "regn3=er*pf-ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation with pf=1=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation with pf=0.8 lag= 3.8 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation with pf=1= 1.0 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation with pf=0.8 lead= -2.2 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.56, Page Number:1165"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300#V\n",
-      "v2=500#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "per=0.97\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "zper=0.10\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*1\n",
-      "x=0.75\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(output*(1/per-1))\n",
-      "pc=pi/x**2\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "r=pc*1000/i1**2\n",
-      "er=i1*r/v1\n",
-      "ez=zper\n",
-      "ex=(ez**2-er**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=er*pf+ex*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "regulation= 7.52529846012 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.57, Page Number:1166"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5#%\n",
-      "xdrop=3.5#%\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pur=cu_loss/100\n",
-      "pux=xdrop/100\n",
-      "regn2=pur*pf+pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "regn1=pur*1\n",
-      "regn3=pur*pf-pux*math.sin(math.acos(pf))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)regulation at unity pf=\",regn1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)regulation at 0.8 lag=\",regn2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)regulation at 0.8 lead=\",regn3*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)regulation at unity pf= 1.5 %\n",
-        "ii)regulation at 0.8 lag= 3.3 %\n",
-        "iii)regulation at 0.8 lead= -0.9 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 226
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.58, Page Number:1168"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#KVA\n",
-      "w1=5.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=7.5#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "loss=total_loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*w2/2\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+2.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.0186963113 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 229
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.59, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "w1=350.0#W\n",
-      "w2=400.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "total_loss=w1+w2\n",
-      "output=load*1000*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=w2*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+w1\n",
-      "efficiency2=(load*1000/2)/((load*1000/2)+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency at full load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency at full load= 97.0873786408 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 232
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.60, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=efficiency**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of P1 and P2=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of P1 and P2= 0.5625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.61, Page Number:1170"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "load1=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=1.4#kW\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.6#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "load=load1*(cu_loss/loss)**0.5\n",
-      "total_loss=loss*2\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss=cu_loss*(0.5)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=total_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output2=(load/2)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency2=output2/(output2+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load for max efficiency=\",load1,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"max efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)efficiency at half load=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load for max efficiency= 150.0 kVA\n",
-        "max efficiency= 98.283858876 %\n",
-        "ii)efficiency at half load= 95.2481856352 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 237
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.62, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=40#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=112#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "def e(k):\n",
-      "    e=k*pf*1000*100/(k*pf*1000+(cu_loss*(k/5)**2+40))\n",
-      "    return(e)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "e1=e(1.25)\n",
-      "e2=e(2.5)\n",
-      "e3=e(3.75)\n",
-      "e4=e(5.0)\n",
-      "e5=e(6.25)\n",
-      "e6=e(7.5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=[1.25,2.5,3.75,5.0,6.25,7.5]\n",
-      "E=[e1,e2,e3,e4,e5,e6]\n",
-      "plt.plot(K,E)\n",
-      "plt.xlabel(\"load,kVA\") \n",
-      "plt.ylabel(\"Efficiency\") \n",
-      "plt.xlim((0,8))\n",
-      "plt.ylim((92,98))\n",
-      "plt.show()\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "metadata": {},
-       "output_type": "display_data",
-       "png": 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-       "text": [
-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb9d458d610>"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.63, Page Number:1171"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "x=loss*1000/(1+9.0/16)\n",
-      "y=(9.0/16)*x\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*(1.0/2)**2\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+y\n",
-      "output=load*pf*0.5\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency at hald load=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency at hald load= 97.9216626699 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.64, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=25.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "r1=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "loss=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=r2+k**2*r1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*pf*1000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary resistance=\",r02,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary resistance= 0.02 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 97.7284199899 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.65, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "r01=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "x01=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=k**2*r01\n",
-      "x02=k**2*x01\n",
-      "i2=1000*load*ratio/v2\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*r02\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*ratio*pf\n",
-      "inpt=output*1000+total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output*1000/(inpt)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output=\",output,\"w\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output= 2.4 w\n",
-        "efficiency= 91.8660287081 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.66, Page Number:1172"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=324.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=100.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=4*cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*pf/(load*pf+cu_loss/1000+loss/1000)\n",
-      "per=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)percent of full-load=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)efficiency= 95.6708921311 %\n",
-        "ii)percent of full-load= 90.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.67, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=4.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "vo=200.0#V\n",
-      "io=0.8#A\n",
-      "wo=70.0#W\n",
-      "vs=20.0#V\n",
-      "i_s=10.0#A\n",
-      "ws=60.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "loss=ws+wo\n",
-      "output=load*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss/1000)\n",
-      "z02=vs/i_s\n",
-      "r02=ws/i2**2\n",
-      "x02=(z02**2-r02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "drop=i2*(r02*pf+x02*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "v2=v2-drop\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "load=load*(wo/ws)**0.5\n",
-      "load=load*1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"load at unity pf=\",load,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.0960960961 %\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 383.752729583 V\n",
-        "current= 20.0 A\n",
-        "load at unity pf= 4.32049379894 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.68, Page Number:1173"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "Wi=Symbol('Wi')\n",
-      "Wcu=Symbol('Wcu')\n",
-      "P=600.0#kVA\n",
-      "e=0.92#efficiency\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "x=0.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([(e*(1*P*1+Wi+1**2*Wcu))-(1*P*1),(e*(0.5*P*1+Wi+0.5*0.5*Wcu))-(0.5*P*1)],[Wi,Wcu])\n",
-      "e2=(x*P*pf*100)/((x*P*pf)+ans[Wi]+(x**2*ans[Wcu]))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency=\",round(e2,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency= 90.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.69, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "y=Symbol('y')\n",
-      "load=600.0#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "per=0.60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss1=inpt-load\n",
-      "inpt2=load/(2*efficiency)\n",
-      "loss2=inpt2-load/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([x+y-loss1,x+y/4-loss2],[x,y])\n",
-      "cu_loss=ans[y]*0.36\n",
-      "loss=cu_loss+ans[x]\n",
-      "output=load*per\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "389.913043478261\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.3282783229260 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.70, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "e1=0.98\n",
-      "e2=0.80\n",
-      "pf=8\n",
-      "z=0.05\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*pf1*e2\n",
-      "inpt=output/e1\n",
-      "loss=-output+inpt\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "cu_loss_full=cu_loss/pf1**2\n",
-      "r=round(cu_loss_full*100/load)\n",
-      "sin=math.sin(math.acos(pf1))\n",
-      "regn=(r*pf1+5*sin)+(1.0/200)*(5*pf1-r*sin)**2\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage regulation= 3.8578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.71, Page Number:1174"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=5000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=25.0#Hz\n",
-      "cu_loss=1.5\n",
-      "we=0.5\n",
-      "wh=0.6\n",
-      "v2=10000.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss1=cu_loss*load/100\n",
-      "we1=we*load/100\n",
-      "wh1=wh*load/100\n",
-      "cu_loss2=cu_loss1\n",
-      "we2=(we1*(50.0/25.0)**2)\n",
-      "wh2=(wh1*(50.0/25))\n",
-      "e1=load*100/(load+cu_loss1+we1+wh1)\n",
-      "e2=load*2*100/(load*2+cu_loss2+we2+wh2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in first case=\",e1,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency in second case=\",e2,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "20.47 0.06 0.05\n",
-        "full load efficiency in first case= 97.4658869396 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency in second case= 97.7039570103 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.72, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=300#KVA\n",
-      "r=1.5#%\n",
-      "load1=173.2#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*load*1000/100\n",
-      "iron_loss=(load1/load)**2*cu_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=(load*pf)*100/((load*pf)+(total_loss/1000))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.5610105096 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.73, Page Number:1175"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "phim=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "a=0.04#m2\n",
-      "l=2.5#m\n",
-      "bm=1200\n",
-      "inpt=1200#W\n",
-      "pi=400#W\n",
-      "efficiency=0.75\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "f2=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "n1=v1/(4.44*f*phim*a)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "n2=k*n1\n",
-      "i=1989/n1\n",
-      "cu_loss=efficiency**2*inpt\n",
-      "total_loss=pi+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=load*efficiency*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss/1000)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)n1=\",round(n1)\n",
-      "print \"  n2=\",round(n2)\n",
-      "print \"b)magnetising current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"c)efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.00643416423287\n",
-        "a)n1= 216.0\n",
-        "  n2= 22.0\n",
-        "b)magnetising current= 9.21512347826 A\n",
-        "c)efficiency= 98.2398690135 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.74, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1.8\n",
-      "x=5.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pf=r/x\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(pf)\n",
-      "phi2=math.atan(x/r)\n",
-      "regn=r*math.cos(phi2)+x*math.sin(phi2)\n",
-      "efficiency=100/(100+r*2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)i)phi=\",math.degrees(phi),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"  ii)regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"b)efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)i)phi= 18.4349488229 degrees\n",
-        "  ii)regulation= 5.6920997883 %\n",
-        "b)efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 60
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.75, Page Number:1176"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "vo=250.0#V\n",
-      "io=3.0#A\n",
-      "wo=200.0#W\n",
-      "vsc=15.0#V\n",
-      "isc=30.0#A\n",
-      "wsc=300.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=(i/isc)**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wo)\n",
-      "z=vsc/isc\n",
-      "r=wsc/isc**2\n",
-      "x=(z**2-r**2)**0.5\n",
-      "regn=(i/v2)*(r*pf-x*math.sin(math.acos(pf)))*v2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 91.6030534351 %\n",
-        "regulation= 1.72239475667 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.76, Page Number:1177"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=400.0#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=800.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "x=(loss/cu_loss)**0.5\n",
-      "output=load*x*1\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+load*2/100)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.2493723732 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 71
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.77, Page Number:1178"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500#V\n",
-      "v2=250#V\n",
-      "vsc=60#V\n",
-      "isc=20#A\n",
-      "wsc=150#W\n",
-      "per=1.2\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "cu_loss=per**2*wsc\n",
-      "output=per*load*1.0\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+cu_loss*2/1000)\n",
-      "output=load*1000*pf\n",
-      "e2=output*100/(output+cu_loss+wsc)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full-load efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum efficiency= 96.5250965251 %\n",
-        "full-load efficiency= 95.6251494143 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.78, Page Number:1181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "cu_loss=4.5#kW\n",
-      "iron_loss=3.5#kW\n",
-      "t1=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "load1_=400.0#kW\n",
-      "load2_=300.0#kW\n",
-      "load3_=100.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.75\n",
-      "pf3=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load1=load1_/pf1\n",
-      "load2=load2_/pf2\n",
-      "load3=load3_/pf3\n",
-      "wc1=cu_loss\n",
-      "wc2=cu_loss*(load2/load1)**2\n",
-      "wc3=cu_loss*(load3/load1)**2\n",
-      "twc=(t1*wc1)+(t2*wc2)+(t3*wc3)+(t4*0)\n",
-      "iron_loss=24*iron_loss\n",
-      "total_loss=twc+iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(t1*load1_)+(t2*load2_)+(t3*load3_)\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",round(efficiency,1),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 86
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.79, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "loss=3.0#kW\n",
-      "tf=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss*24/2\n",
-      "wcf=loss*tf/2\n",
-      "wch=loss/8\n",
-      "wch=wch*4\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+wch+wcf\n",
-      "output=load*tf+load*th/2\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 92.2509225092 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 89
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.80, Page Number:1182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "tf=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "th=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t10=14.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "#1st transformer\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "tloss=inpt-load\n",
-      "y=tloss/2\n",
-      "x=y\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "cu_loss=x*tf+th*(x/2**2)+t10*(x/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+cu_loss\n",
-      "output=tf*load+th*load/2+t10*10\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "#2nd transformer\n",
-      "y=tloss/(1+1.0/4)\n",
-      "x=(tloss-y)\n",
-      "iron_loss=x*24\n",
-      "wc=tf*y+th*(y/2**2)+t10*(y/10**2)\n",
-      "loss=iron_loss+wc\n",
-      "e2=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency of forst transformer=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency ofsecond transformer=\",e2*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.408163265306 1.63265306122\n",
-        "efficiency of forst transformer= 96.5245532574 %\n",
-        "efficiency ofsecond transformer= 97.7876610788 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.81, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "nl=10.0#hrs\n",
-      "ql=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "hl=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "fl=2.0#hrs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "inpt=load/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-load\n",
-      "wc_fl=loss/2\n",
-      "iron_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "wc_fl_4=(1.0/4)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=(1.0/2)**2*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc_ql=ql*wc_fl_4\n",
-      "wc_hl=hl*wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wc_fl_2=fl*wc_fl\n",
-      "wc=wc_ql+wc_hl+wc_fl_2\n",
-      "wh=wc\n",
-      "loss=wh+24*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "half_output=(output/2)\n",
-      "q_load=(load/4)\n",
-      "output=ql*q_load+hl*half_output+fl*output\n",
-      "e=output*100/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 89.5592740985 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 115
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.82, Page Number:1183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.98\n",
-      "load=15#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=6.0#hrs\n",
-      "pf1=0.5\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "k1=2#kW\n",
-      "k2=12#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "wc=loss/2\n",
-      "wi=loss/2\n",
-      "w1=k1/pf1\n",
-      "w2=k2/pf2\n",
-      "wc1=wc*(4/load)\n",
-      "wc2=wc\n",
-      "wc12=t1*wc1\n",
-      "wc6=t2*wc2\n",
-      "wc=(wc12+wc6)\n",
-      "wi=24*wi\n",
-      "output=(k1*t1)+(t2*k2)\n",
-      "inpt=output+wc+wi\n",
-      "e=output*100/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",e,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.918367346939 3.67346938776\n",
-        "efficiency= 95.4351795496 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.83, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#KVA\n",
-      "l1_=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "t=3.0#hrs\n",
-      "loss=1.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "l1=l1_/2\n",
-      "l2=l1_\n",
-      "output=load*1\n",
-      "loss=loss*2\n",
-      "e1=output/(output+loss)\n",
-      "wc1=t*(1.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc2=8*(2.0/3)**2*1\n",
-      "wc=wc1+wc2\n",
-      "wi=24*1\n",
-      "loss=wc+wi\n",
-      "output=3*(l1*1)+8*(l2*1)\n",
-      "e2=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ordinary efficiency=\",e1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"all day efficiency=\",e2,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ordinary efficiency= 98.6842105263 %\n",
-        "all day efficiency= 97.1480513578 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 127
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.84, Page Number:1184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=50#KVA\n",
-      "efficiency=0.94#%\n",
-      "nl=10\n",
-      "hl=5.0\n",
-      "ql=6.0\n",
-      "fl=3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pi=0.5*(load*1000)*(1-efficiency)/efficiency\n",
-      "wch=(0.5)**2*pi\n",
-      "eh=wch*hl/1000\n",
-      "wcq=(0.25)**2*pi\n",
-      "eq=ql*wcq/1000\n",
-      "e3=pi*3/1000\n",
-      "e2=pi*24/1000\n",
-      "e=25*hl+12.5*ql+50*fl\n",
-      "efficiency=e/(e+e2+eh+eq+e3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 88.4557217274 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.85, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=10.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=7.0#hrs\n",
-      "t2=4.0#hrs\n",
-      "t3=8.0#hrs\n",
-      "t4=5.0#hrs\n",
-      "k1=3.0#kW\n",
-      "k2=8.0#kW\n",
-      "pf1=0.6\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "x1=k1/(pf1*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=load/(1*load)\n",
-      "pc1=(0.5)**2*0.1\n",
-      "pc2=pc3=0.10\n",
-      "o1=k1*t1\n",
-      "o2=k2*t2\n",
-      "o3=k2*load\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "wc1=pc1*t1\n",
-      "wc2=pc2*t2\n",
-      "wc3=pc3*t3\n",
-      "cu_loss=wc1+wc2+wc3\n",
-      "loss=400.0*24/10000\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+loss+cu_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficency= 98.27465179 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.86, Page Number:1185"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=.98\n",
-      "load=15.0#kVA\n",
-      "t1=12.0\n",
-      "t2=6.0\n",
-      "t3=6.0\n",
-      "pf1=0.8\n",
-      "pf2=0.8\n",
-      "pf3=0.9\n",
-      "k1=2.0\n",
-      "k2=12.0\n",
-      "k3=18.0\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=load*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "loss=inpt-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=loss/2\n",
-      "x1=k1/(0.5*load)\n",
-      "x2=k2/(pf2*load)\n",
-      "x3=k3/(pf3*load)\n",
-      "wc1=0.131\n",
-      "wc2=0.918\n",
-      "wc3=1.632\n",
-      "o1=t1*k1\n",
-      "o2=t2*k2\n",
-      "o3=t3*k3\n",
-      "output=o1+o2+o3\n",
-      "loss=wc1+wc2+wc3+0.153*24\n",
-      "efficiency=(output*100)/(output+loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 96.9798386522 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.87, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=115.0#V\n",
-      "v2=230.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "k=v1/v2\n",
-      "power=load*(1-k)\n",
-      "power2=k*load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)power transferred inductively=\",power,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"b)power transferred conductively=\",power2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)power transferred inductively= 1.5 kW\n",
-        "b)power transferred conductively= 1.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 145
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.88, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "i=100.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i1=k*i\n",
-      "saving=k*100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"economy of cu=\",saving"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "economy of cu= 80.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 147
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.89, Page Number:1188"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=6600.0#V\n",
-      "v2=5000.0#V\n",
-      "e=8.0#V\n",
-      "phim1=1.3#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phim=e/(4.44*f)\n",
-      "area=phim/phim1\n",
-      "n1=v1/e\n",
-      "n2=v2/e\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"core area=\",area*10000,\"m2\"\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the hv side=\",n1\n",
-      "print \"number of turns on the lv side=\",n2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "core area= 277.2002772 m2\n",
-        "number of turns on the hv side= 825.0\n",
-        "number of turns on the lv side= 625.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.90, Page Number:1189"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2640*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i1_-i2\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 219.12 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 1095.6 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 91.3 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.91, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=20.0#KVA\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#V\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=round(load*1000/v1,1)\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "i2=i1/k\n",
-      "kva=2160*i2*0.001\n",
-      "kva_per=kva*100/load\n",
-      "i1_=kva*1000/v1\n",
-      "ic=i2-i1_\n",
-      "over=ic*100/i1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)i1=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)i2=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)kVA rating=\",kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)per cent increase in kVA=\",kva_per,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)I1=\",i1_,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"  Ic=\",ic,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"vi)per cent overload=\",over,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)i1= 8.3 A\n",
-        "ii)i2= 83.0 A\n",
-        "iii)kVA rating= 179.28 kVA\n",
-        "iv)per cent increase in kVA= 896.4 %\n",
-        "v)I1= 74.7 A\n",
-        "  Ic= 8.3 A\n",
-        "vi)per cent overload= 100.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 160
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.92, Page Number:1190"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=5.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=110.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "iron_loss=50.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss=load*1000/efficiency-load*1000-iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=load*1000/(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)\n",
-      "i2=(load*1000+cu_loss/4+iron_loss)/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"current drawn on hv side=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "efficiency= 97.9760216579 %\n",
-        "current drawn on hv side= 23.1967703349 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.93, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500#V\n",
-      "v2=2300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva=(v1+v2)*50*0.001\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage output=\",v1+v2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating of auto transformer=\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage output= 13800 V\n",
-        "kVA rating of auto transformer= 690.0 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.94, Page Number:1191"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=2300.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#KVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*100/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*100/v2\n",
-      "kva1=(v1+v2)*i1/(100)\n",
-      "kva2=(v1+v2)*i2/(100)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage ratios=\",(v1+v2)/v1,\"or\",(v1+v2)/v2\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in first case=\",kva1\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating in second case=\",kva2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage ratios= 1.2 or 6.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in first case= 120.0\n",
-        "kVA rating in second case= 600.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 167
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.95, Page Number:1192"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2400.0#v\n",
-      "v2=240.0#V\n",
-      "load=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=load*1000/v1\n",
-      "i2=load*1000/v2\n",
-      "output=2640*i2\n",
-      "i=i2*2640/v1\n",
-      "k=2640/v1\n",
-      "poweri=v1*i1*0.001\n",
-      "power=output/1000-poweri\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rating of the auto-transformer=\",output/1000,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"inductively transferred powers=\",poweri,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"conductively transferred powers=\",power,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rating of the auto-transformer= 550.0 kVA\n",
-        "inductively transferred powers= 50.0 kW\n",
-        "conductively transferred powers= 500.0 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 169
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.96, Page Number:1196"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "za=complex(0.5,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.,10)\n",
-      "load=100#KW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa)*math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb)*math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "96.082805253\n",
-        "SA= 74.5937961595 kW\n",
-        "SB= 25.4062038405 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 174
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.97, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r1=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "r2=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x2=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "zb=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.degrees((-1)*math.acos(pf))*math.degrees(math.atan((za/zb).imag/(za/zb).real)))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load of B=\",abs(za/zb)\n",
-      "print \"pf of B=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load of B= 1.21872643265\n",
-        "pf of B= 0.613584256393\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 202
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.98, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=250#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.2,4.8)\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(-pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 224.451917244 -39.3923099293\n",
-        "SB= 275.942423833 -34.8183886694\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 205
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.99, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabledeclaration\n",
-      "load=100.0#KW\n",
-      "r1=0.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "r2=0.75\n",
-      "x2=4.0\n",
-      "load1=180.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "load=load1/pf\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "z1=complex(r1,x1)\n",
-      "z2=complex(r2,x2)\n",
-      "s1=s*z2/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "s2=s*z1/(z1+z2)\n",
-      "kw1=abs(s1)*math.cos(math.atan(s1.imag/s1.real))\n",
-      "kw2=abs(s2)*math.cos(math.atan(s2.imag/s2.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kW1=\",kw1,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"kW2=\",kw2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "(1.25+12j)\n",
-        "kW1= 58.119626171 kW\n",
-        "kW2= 121.880373829 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.100, Page Number:1197"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=200.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load/pf*complex(0.85,-0.527)\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA for A=\",abs(sa),math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA for B=\",abs(sb),math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA for A= 130.53263665 0.819364787986 lag\n",
-        "kVA for B= 105.238776124 0.884143252833 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.101, Page Number:1198"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=2200.0#V\n",
-      "v2=110.0#V\n",
-      "load=125.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(0.9,10)\n",
-      "zb=(100/50)*complex(1.0,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 63.0780848499 -39.929442891 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 62.1031510961 -33.7622749748 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 218
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.102, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=500#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1,5)\n",
-      "load2=250#kVA\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "zb=(500/load2)*zb\n",
-      "s=load*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 471.125736359 -40.3232138964 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 281.165527855 -31.0771011508 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 219
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.103, Page Number:1199"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=1000#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.5,5)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=i*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ratio=zb/za\n",
-      "ib=i/(1+ratio)\n",
-      "ia=i-ib\n",
-      "ratio=ia.real/ib.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",ia\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",ib\n",
-      "print \"ratio of output=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= (504.451038576-341.246290801j)\n",
-        "IB= (295.548961424-258.753709199j)\n",
-        "ratio of output= 1.70682730924\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 220
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.104, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=500.0#V\n",
-      "load=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "za=complex(1.0,5.0)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2.0,2.0)\n",
-      "load1=300.0#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(100.0/250)*zb\n",
-      "s=load1*complex(pf,-math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "sa=s*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "sb=s*za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "zab=za*zb/(za+zb)\n",
-      "drop=zab.real*240/100+zab.imag*180/100\n",
-      "v2=v2-v2*drop/100\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"SA=\",abs(sa),math.degrees(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"SB=\",abs(sb),math.degrees(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real)),\"degrees\"\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage=\",v2,\"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "SA= 55.8895719399 -64.6284382469 degrees\n",
-        "SB= 251.890896741 -30.9383707209 degrees\n",
-        "secondary voltage= 486.177874187 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 223
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.105, Page Number:1200"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n11=5000.0\n",
-      "n12=440.0\n",
-      "load1=200#kVA\n",
-      "n21=5000.0\n",
-      "n22=480.0\n",
-      "load2=350#kVA\n",
-      "x=3.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i1=load1*1000/n12\n",
-      "i2=load2*1000/n22\n",
-      "x1=x*n12/(100*i1)\n",
-      "x2=x*n22/(100*i2)\n",
-      "ic=(n22-n12)/0.057\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no-load circulation current=\",ic/i1,\"times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no-load circulation current= 1.54385964912 times the normal current of 200 kVA unit\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 225
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.106, Page Number:1203"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variabe declaration\n",
-      "ea=6600#V\n",
-      "eb=6400#V\n",
-      "za=complex(0.3,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.2,1)\n",
-      "zl=complex(8.0,6.0)\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"IA=\",abs(ia),\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"IB=\",abs(ib),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "IA= 195.492387533 A\n",
-        "IB= 422.567795916 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 227
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.107, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=100.0#kVA\n",
-      "load2=50.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=950.0#V\n",
-      "r1=2.0\n",
-      "r2=2.5\n",
-      "x1=8.0\n",
-      "x2=6.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/v1\n",
-      "ra=v1*r1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=v1*x1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/v2\n",
-      "rb=v2*r2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=v2*x2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "z=((ra+rb)**2+(xa+xb)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/z\n",
-      "alpha=math.atan((xa+xb)/(ra+rb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no load circulating current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no load circulating current= 25.0948635944 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 231
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.108, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load1=1000.0#KVA\n",
-      "load2=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=500.0#V\n",
-      "v2=510.0#V\n",
-      "z1=3.0\n",
-      "z2=5.0\n",
-      "r=0.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=load1*1000/480\n",
-      "ib=load2*1000/480\n",
-      "za=z1*v1/(100*ia)\n",
-      "zb=z2*v2/(100*ib)\n",
-      "ic=(v2-v1)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"cross current=\",ic,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "cross current= 315.656565657 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 233
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.109, Page Number:1204"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "loada=500.0#KVA\n",
-      "loadb=250.0#kVA\n",
-      "load=750.0#KVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "v1=405.0#V\n",
-      "v2=415.0#V\n",
-      "ra=1.0\n",
-      "rb=1.5\n",
-      "xa=5.0\n",
-      "xb=4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=loada*1000/400\n",
-      "ra=400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "xa=xa*400/(100*ia)\n",
-      "ib=loadb*1000/400\n",
-      "rb=rb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "xb=xb*400/(100*ib)\n",
-      "za=complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "zl=400**2*0.001/load*complex(pf,math.sin(math.acos(pf)))\n",
-      "ic=(v1-v2)/(za+zb)\n",
-      "ia=(v1*zb+(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(v2*za-(v1-v2)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "sa=400*ia/1000\n",
-      "sb=400*ib/1000\n",
-      "pf1=math.cos(math.atan(sa.imag/sa.real))\n",
-      "pf2=math.cos(math.atan(sb.imag/sb.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cross current=\",-abs(ic),math.degrees(math.atan(ic.imag/ic.real))\n",
-      "print \"b)SA=\",abs(sa),pf1,\"lag\"\n",
-      "print \"  SB=\",abs(sb),pf2,\"lag\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cross current= -229.754569404 -72.8972710309\n",
-        "b)SA= 387.844943528 0.820048560714 lag\n",
-        "  SB= 351.964386212 0.738709225528 lag\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 243
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.110, Page Number:1205"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zl=complex(2.0,1.5)\n",
-      "za=complex(0.15,0.5)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.1,0.6)\n",
-      "ea=207#V\n",
-      "eb=205#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(ea*zb+(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "ib=(eb*za-(ea-eb)*zl)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2_=(ia+ib)*zl\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ia.imag/ia.real)\n",
-      "pfa=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "angle=math.atan(v2_.imag/v2_.real)-math.atan(ib.imag/ib.real)\n",
-      "pfb=math.cos(angle)\n",
-      "pa=abs(v2_)*abs(ia)*pfa\n",
-      "pb=abs(v2_)*abs(ib)*pfb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"power output:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pa,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pb,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor:\"\n",
-      "print \" A:\",pfa\n",
-      "print \" B:\",pfb\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "power output:\n",
-        " A: 6535.37583042 W\n",
-        " B: 4925.36941503 W\n",
-        "power factor:\n",
-        " A: 0.818428780129\n",
-        " B: 0.775705655277\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 248
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 32.111, Page Number:1206"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=200.0#A\n",
-      "ib=600.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rb=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "xa=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "xb=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "ea=245.0#V\n",
-      "eb=240.0#V\n",
-      "zl=complex(0.25,0.1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "za=(ea/ia)*complex(ra,xa)\n",
-      "zb=(eb/ib)*complex(rb,xb)\n",
-      "i=(ea*zb+eb*za)/(za*zb+zl*(za+zb))\n",
-      "v2=i*zl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"terminal voltage=\",round(abs(v2)),round(math.degrees(math.atan(v2.imag/v2.real))),\"degrees\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "terminal voltage= 230.0 -3.0 degrees\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 251
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_wA2NdKL.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_wA2NdKL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d43ac823..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_wA2NdKL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3109 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6eddcd87c5c220a184bc6a72a3af06c45a444c1fd08c6f0e5d7d854e3ce98ba8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 34:Induction Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.1, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=290.0#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "Ns=300.0#rpm(considered)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=120*f/Ns\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no. of poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no. of poles= 20.0\n",
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.2, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "slot=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=2*n\n",
-      "slots_total=slot*P*n\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/P\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"No. of stator poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"Total number of slots=\",slots_total\n",
-      "print \"Speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " No. of stator poles= 6\n",
-        "Total number of slots= 54\n",
-        "Speed= 1000 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.3, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "slip1=0.04\n",
-      "slip2=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip1)\n",
-      "f1=slip2*f*60\n",
-      "#at standstill s=1\n",
-      "f2=1*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04=\",N\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",f1,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency of the rotor current at standstill=\",f2,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating= 1500 rpm\n",
-        "speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04= 1440.0\n",
-        "frequency of rotor current= 90.0 rpm\n",
-        "frequency of the rotor current at standstill= 50 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.4, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=0.04\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip)\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "f1=s*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the synchronous speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor speed=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm=\",f1,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the synchronous speed= 1500.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm= 30.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.5, Page Number:1256"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "N=500#rpm\n",
-      "p2=8\n",
-      "slip=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*N/120\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p2\n",
-      "N=Ns-slip*Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load speed of the motor=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load speed of the motor= 727.5 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.6, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e=80#V\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=4#ohm\n",
-      "rheo=3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E=e/(3)**0.5\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=E/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "R=rheo+r\n",
-      "z2=(R**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=E/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "pf2=R/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are short circuited:\"\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm\",\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip rings are short circuited:\n",
-        "current/phase 11.2022406722 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.242535625036\n",
-        "slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm current/phase 8.16496580928 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.707106781187\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.7, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=6.5\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=v*k/(3**0.5)\n",
-      "R=x-r\n",
-      "r2=x\n",
-      "z=(x**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=e2/z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "starting current= 100.491886883 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.8, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=1100#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ratio=3.8\n",
-      "r=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=v/ratio\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=e/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "i2=100*ratio\n",
-      "z2=e/i2\n",
-      "r2=(z2**2-x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "R=r2-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current with slip rings shorted=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf with slip rings shorted=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",i2\n",
-      "print \"pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current with slip rings shorted= 1156.56314266 A\n",
-        "pf with slip rings shorted= 0.0479447993684\n",
-        "current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted= 380.0\n",
-        "pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted= 0.768221279597\n",
-        "external resistance= 0.70758173952 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.9, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "v=3000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "ratio=3.6\n",
-      "r=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "l=3.61*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "x2=2*3.14*l*f\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "r2_=0.1/k**2\n",
-      "x2_=ratio**2*x2\n",
-      "is1=v/((r**2+x2_**2)**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "ts=(3*3/(2*3.14*f))*((v**2)*r2_)/(r2_**2+x2_**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",is1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ts=\",ts,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 117.896733436 A\n",
-        "ts= 512.375725888 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.10, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "zr=complex(6,2)\n",
-      "v=80#V\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=e2/abs(zr+zs)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*zs.imag\n",
-      "ir=er/abs(complex(zs.real,xr))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor current at standstill=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor current at standstill= 5.26498126493 A\n",
-        "rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited= 3.31800758166 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.11, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "e=120#V\n",
-      "r2=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=e/3**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(r2**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=er/zr\n",
-      "s=r2/x2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(xr**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor when running short-circuited=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"current when torque is maximum=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor when running short-circuited= 9.05821627316 A\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "current when torque is maximum= 32.6598632371 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.12, Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tb=150.0#kg-m\n",
-      "n=660.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "t=tb*(2/((sb/s)+s/sb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"kg-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 90.0 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(a), Page Number:1266"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variablde declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "vd=0.90\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio_s=(1/vd)**2\n",
-      "ratio_i=ratio_s*vd\n",
-      "cu_loss_increase=ratio_i**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in motor copper losses=\",cu_loss_increase"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in motor copper losses= 1.23456790123\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(b), Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p1=15.0#kW\n",
-      "n=980.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.93\n",
-      "vd=0.10\n",
-      "fd=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=(1-vd)*v\n",
-      "f2=(1-fd)*f\n",
-      "n1=120*f/p\n",
-      "n2=120*f2/p\n",
-      "s1=(n1-n)/n1\n",
-      "ratio_f=s1*(v*(1-vd)/v)**2*f2/f\n",
-      "n2=n2*(1-ratio_f)\n",
-      "p2=p1*n2/n1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the new operating speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the new output power=\",p2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the new operating speed= 935.3795 rpm\n",
-        "the new output power= 14.0306925 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(a), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "v2=200#V\n",
-      "r=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 0.24 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(b), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "r=0.001#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n2=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "ratio=2*s**2*a/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of the maximum to full-load torque=\",ratio*1000,\"10^-3\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of the maximum to full-load torque= 3.9603960396 10^-3\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(c), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "v=600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=495#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.01\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n=Ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of max torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of max torque= 470.0 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of torques= 0.324324324324\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.15, Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=746.0#kW\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=16\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.02,0.15)\n",
-      "n=360.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "a=zr.real/zr.imag\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "N=ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "R=zr.imag-zr.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 0.550458715596\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 325.0 rpm\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.13 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.16, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "a=solve(ratio-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "r=a[0]*x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1187.5 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.0291699475574164 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.17, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "t_ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-a)*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",1/t_ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 1.45\n",
-        "speed= 675.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.18, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "a2=Symbol('a2')\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "t_ratio=2.5\n",
-      "t_ratio2=1.5\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t_ratio3=t_ratio2/t_ratio\n",
-      "a=solve(t_ratio3-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "a2=solve(a2**2-0.15*a2+0.0009,a2)\n",
-      "r_red=(a[0]-a2[1])/a[0]\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance=\",r_red*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance= 56.8784093726987 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.19, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "n=650.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "r=a*x2-r\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"extra resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "extra resistance= 0.52 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.20, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R=Symbol('R')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "t=162.8#N-m\n",
-      "n=1365.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "R=solve(1.0/(4*x2)-((r+R)/((r+R)**2+x2**2)),R)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",round(R[0],1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 0.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.21, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "t_ratios=1.60\n",
-      "t_ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcualtion\n",
-      "t_ratio=t_ratios/t_ratiom\n",
-      "#0.8a2-2*a+0.8 a=0.04\n",
-      "#0.5=2*a*sf/a2+sf2 sf=0.01\n",
-      "a=0.04\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-sf*ns\n",
-      "N=ns-a*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load speed= 1485.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1440.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.22, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.85#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*(v/3**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tf=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 52.4097855621 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 99.9125764956 N-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 858.823529412 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.23, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=100#rpm considered\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "n2=n/2\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "ratio=((s2/s)*(r**2+(s*x)**2)/(r**2+(s2*x)**2))**0.5\n",
-      "per=1-1/ratio\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(s2*x/r)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 22.8528060715 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.307902262948\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.26, Page Number:1272"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "t=100#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-n\n",
-      "n2=n+ns/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator supply voltage=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator supply voltage= 220 V\n",
-        "new speed= 1050 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.24, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delclaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=1140.0#rpm\n",
-      "e=440.0#V\n",
-      "e2=550.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "s2=s1*(e/e2)**2\n",
-      "n2=ns*(1-s2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1053.6 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.25, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=450.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=873.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=23.0#degrees\n",
-      "n2=864.0#rpm\n",
-      "alpha=1.0/234.0#per degrees centrigrade\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s1=(900-n)/900\n",
-      "s2=(900-n2)/900\n",
-      "ratio=s2/s1-1\n",
-      "t2=(s2/s1-1)/alpha+23  \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in rotor resistance=\",ratio*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"approx temperature=\",t2,\"degrees centigrade\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in rotor resistance= 33.3333333333 %\n",
-        "approx temperature= 101.0 degrees centigrade\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.27, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=500.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "load=80.0#kW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/60.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=alt/(60.0*f)\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=(1.0/3.0)*load*1000/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*1000,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/10000,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 996.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.888888888889 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.28, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "n=1425.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "ratio=0.8\n",
-      "loss=500.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=75/ns\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "tf=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "ir=s*ratio*e1/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ir**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=2*3.4*(n/60)*tf\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "s=z.real/z.imag\n",
-      "tmax=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "nmax=ns-s*ns\n",
-      "i=ratio*e1/abs(z)\n",
-      "tst=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real)/(z.real**2+(z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" full load torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"cu_loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"max torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",nmax,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " full load torque= 78.9197452229 N-m\n",
-        "rotor current= 22.7215022978 A\n",
-        "cu_loss= 619.52 W\n",
-        "power output= 12245.5388535 W\n",
-        "max torque= 98.6496815287 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1350.0 rpm\n",
-        "starting current= 50.5546790867 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 19.5345904017 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.29, Page Number:1285"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "P=23#kW\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e=0.92\n",
-      "n=1440#r.p.m\n",
-      "loss=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=P/e\n",
-      "total_loss=motor_input-P\n",
-      "friction_loss=total_loss/p\n",
-      "Pm=P+friction_loss\n",
-      "Psw=Pm*1500/n\n",
-      "ws=2*3.14*1500/60\n",
-      "Tsw=Psw*1000/ws\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous torque=\",round(Tsw),\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous torque= 156.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.30, Page Number:1286"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60#kW\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=load-loss\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "rotor_loss=cu_loss*1000/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",rotor_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power developed= 57.23 kW\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 590.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.31, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=20#KW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "i=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "fr=s*f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*load*1000\n",
-      "r2=cu_loss/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",fr,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of rotor current= 1.5 Hz\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 600.0 W\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.0555555555556 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.32, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=3.73#KW\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "loss=280#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "input_r=load*1000*ns/n\n",
-      "input_s=input_r+loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator input=\",input_s,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator input= 4165.41666667 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.33, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=75.0#KW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "f1=alt/60\n",
-      "s=f1/f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss_r_per_phase=s*p2/3\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss per phase=\",cu_loss_r_per_phase,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechancal power=\",pm,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 966.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss per phase= 0.833333333333 kW\n",
-        "mechancal power= 72.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.34, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "n=975.0#rpm\n",
-      "p1=40.0#KW\n",
-      "loss_s=1.0#kW\n",
-      "loss=2.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "p2=p1-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft power=\",pout,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 2.5 %\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.975 kW\n",
-        "shaft power= 36.025 kW\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.35, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=100#KW\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.018\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "cu_loss=2440#W\n",
-      "iron_loss=3500#W\n",
-      "rotational_loss=1200#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output+rotational_loss/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=(s/(1-s))*pm\n",
-      "p2=pm+cu_loss_r\n",
-      "input_s=p2+cu_loss/1000+iron_loss/1000\n",
-      "il=input_s*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.85132382892 kW\n",
-        "line current= 22.1989272175 A\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.7202341611 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.36, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=100.0#W\n",
-      "c=120.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=c/(f*60)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2/3\n",
-      "n2=ns-n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of stator field with respect to rotor=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "mechanical power= 96.0 kW\n",
-        "copper loss= 1.33333333333 kW\n",
-        "speed of stator field with respect to rotor= 40.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.37, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.9\n",
-      "output=37#kW\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "x=total_loss/(3+0.5)\n",
-      "input_r=output*1000+x/2+x\n",
-      "s=x/input_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.0303030303 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.38, Page Number:1289"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=45#KW\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "iron_loss=1200#kW\n",
-      "loss=900#kW\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*i)\n",
-      "r=r*3/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*(i/3**0.5)**2*r\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=s*42788\n",
-      "pm=42788-cu_loss_r\n",
-      "output_s=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output_s/(load*1000)\n",
-      "t=(output_s*60)/(2*3.14*970)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"p out=\",output_s,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf= 0.866025403784\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 1283.64 W\n",
-        "p out= 40604.36 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.2319111111 %\n",
-        "torque= 399.937881673 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(a), Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.75\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "pcr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=pcr*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sm)\n",
-      "e3=sm*e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load torque=\",tg/9.81,\"kg-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor emf at max torque=\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load torque= 4.26478644041 kg-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n",
-        "rotor emf at max torque= 8.06457518868 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(b), Page Number:1290"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.86\n",
-      "loss=0.05\n",
-      "cu_r=0.04\n",
-      "m_loss=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=3**0.5*v*i*pf\n",
-      "loss_s=loss*input_m\n",
-      "input_r=input_m-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_lossr=cu_r*input_r\n",
-      "mec_loss=m_loss*input_r\n",
-      "output_shaft=input_r-cu_lossr-mec_loss\n",
-      "s=cu_lossr/input_r\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "wr=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "output_r=input_r-cu_lossr\n",
-      "tr=output_r/wr\n",
-      "tin=output_shaft/wr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed in the rotor=\",tr,\"Nw-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tin,\"Nw-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed in the rotor= 36.0531340072 Nw-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 34.9264735695 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 91
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.40, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "p=40.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.5\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(x*sm)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "input_r=cu_loss/sm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross output at 5% slip=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",input_r,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross output at 5% slip= 6242.77652849 W\n",
-        "maximum torque= 8780.04535147 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.41, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=0.025\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pw=loss*pout*1000\n",
-      "pm=pout*1000+pw\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*pm/(1-s)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout*1000/n\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"gross electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor cu loss= 796.510416667 W\n",
-        "rotor input= 19912.7604167 W\n",
-        "shaft torque= 123.685763889 N-m\n",
-        "gross electromagnetic torque= 126.777907986 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.42, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=710#rpm\n",
-      "load=35#kW\n",
-      "loss=1200#W\n",
-      "loss_r=600#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "p2=load*1000-loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss_r\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power output=\",pout,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.80266666667 kW\n",
-        "gross torque= 430.386666667 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power= 31997.3333333 W\n",
-        "net torque= 422.316244131 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power output= 31397.3333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.43, Page Number:1292"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tsh=149.3#N-m\n",
-      "loss=200#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=1620#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=tsh*2*3.14*(n/60)\n",
-      "output=pout+loss\n",
-      "p2=output*ns/n\n",
-      "cu_lossr=p2-output\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",pout/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"the efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 15.001664 kW\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 633.402666667 W\n",
-        "the efficiency= 85.9444669361 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.44, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "i2=35#A\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pm=pout+loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_lossr=pm*s*1000/(1-s)\n",
-      "r2=cu_lossr/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistane per phase=\",r2,\"ohm/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistane per phase= 0.222789115646 ohm/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.45, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sf=Symbol('sf')\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1/ratio\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*25))*(e2**2/(2*x))\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "sf=solve(0.5*(a**2+sf**2)-2*a*sf,sf)\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sf[0])\n",
-      "tf=tmax/2\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tf/60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"full load slip=\",sf[0]\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 318.47133758 N-m\n",
-        "full load slip= 0.0267949192431123\n",
-        "power output= 24330.1270189222 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.46, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "k=0.67\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1*k\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(sm*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_lossr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_lossr*(1-sm)/sm\n",
-      "n=(1-sm)*ns\n",
-      "tmax=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 40.4815391879 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 63.511037037 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.47, Page Number:1293"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e2=110#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at start=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at s=4%\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"full load torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf of motor at start= 0.164398987305\n",
-        "pf of motor at s=4% 0.972387301981\n",
-        "full load torque= 582.728189612 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.48, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "tsh=162.84#N-m\n",
-      "c=90.0\n",
-      "t=20.36#N-m\n",
-      "loss=830.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "fr=c/60\n",
-      "s=fr/f\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tsh/60\n",
-      "tg=tsh+t\n",
-      "p2=tg*ns/9.55\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"motor input\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 16532.6024 W\n",
-        "cu loss= 575.497382199 W\n",
-        "motor input 19758.7434555 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 83.6723369441 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.49, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=420.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.25,0.75)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.173,0.52)\n",
-      "v1=420.0#V\n",
-      "v2=350.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=zr.real+k**2*z.real\n",
-      "x02=zr.imag+k**2*z.imag\n",
-      "z02=((r+r02)**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v2/(3**0.5*z02)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*(r+zr.real)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss*3\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tst=9.55*p2/(ns*9.81)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"kg-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 48.2909354778 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.50, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "load=37.3#ohm\n",
-      "v=280#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.25\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "k=1.0/3\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wsc=2*v*i*pf\n",
-      "power_phase=v*i*pf\n",
-      "R=power_phase/i**2\n",
-      "r2_=R-r\n",
-      "r2=k**2*r2_\n",
-      "p2=3*i**2*r2_\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "t=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance perphaseof therotor winding=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"startingtorque=\",t,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance perphaseof therotor winding= 0.0222222222222 ohm\n",
-        "startingtorque= 305.6 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.51, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratios=1.6\n",
-      "ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "sb=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=(ratios/sf)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip at full load=\",sf\n",
-      "print \"slip at maximum torque=\",sb\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",i"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip at full load= 0.01\n",
-        "slip at maximum torque= 0.04\n",
-        "rotor current= 12.6491106407\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.52, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200#km/h\n",
-      "f=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "w=v*5.0/18/(2*f)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pole pitch=\",w*1000,\"mm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pole pitch= 277.777777778 mm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.53, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "w=6#mm\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p=6#kW\n",
-      "loss=1.2#kW\n",
-      "v=2.4#m/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vs=2*f*w/100\n",
-      "s=(vs-v)/vs\n",
-      "p2=p-loss\n",
-      "pcr=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-pcr\n",
-      "f=p2*1000/vs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous speed=\",vs,\"m/s\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",pcr,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"thrust=\",f/1000,\"kN\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous speed= 3 m/s\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "cu loss= 0.96 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 3.84 kW\n",
-        "thrust= 1.6 kN\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.54, Page Number:1304"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=0.12\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm/phase\n",
-      "pg=9000.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=r*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "v=(pg*rl/3)**0.5\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load resistance=\",rl,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"load voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"load current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load resistance= 0.586666666667 ohm\n",
-        "load voltage= 41.9523539268 V\n",
-        "load current= 71.5096941934 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 166
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.55, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r1=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "xm=complex(0,28.5)#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl_=r2_*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "i2_=(v/3**0.5)/complex(r1+rl_,x1)\n",
-      "i0=(v/3**0.5)/xm\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator current= (74.5730253701-19.1783634605j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.968485280755\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 177
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.56, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "power=3.73#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "b0=-1.0/30\n",
-      "loss=50#W\n",
-      "lossr=150#W\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zab=complex(30*complex(r2_/s,x2_))/complex(r2_/s,x2_-1/b0)\n",
-      "z01=complex(r1,x1)+zab\n",
-      "vph=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i1=v1/z01\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i1.real**2*zab.real\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "power_o=pm-lossr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=power_o/(power_o+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"input current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"air gap power=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"electro magnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",power_o,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "input current= (21.9914486234+42.6194245913j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.45854949826\n",
-        "air gap power= 5173.46132109 W\n",
-        "mechanical power= 4966.52286825 W\n",
-        "electro magnetic torque= 32.9377037443 N-m\n",
-        "output power= 4816.52286825 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.9644851937 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 184
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.57, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.44#ohm\n",
-      "loss=1250#W\n",
-      "lossr=1000#W\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "pf=0.09\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2_=v1/complex(r1+r2_/s,x1+x2_)\n",
-      "i1=i2_+complex(1.78,19.9)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i2_.real**2*r2_/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tg=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "pm=p2*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=pm-1000\n",
-      "cu_losss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_losss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/(pout+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= (50.2750367599+11.9125821807j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.973057118792\n",
-        "electromagnetic torque= 224.593900377 N-m\n",
-        "output= 33218.2329894 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 89.0932246577 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 186
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.58, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.06,0.2)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.06,0.22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r01=z.real+zr.real\n",
-      "x01=z.imag+zr.imag\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "s=z.real/(z.real+z01)\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "pmax=3*v1**2/(2*(r01+z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum gross power=\",pmax,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum gross power= 143676.459572 W\n",
-        "slip= 0.120771344025\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 188
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.59, Page Number:1307"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=115#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "z=complex(0.07,0.3)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.08,0.3)\n",
-      "gd=0.022#mho\n",
-      "bo=0.158#mho\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "rl_=1/bo*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "z=complex(z.real+zr.real+rl_,0.6)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=complex(16,-2.36)\n",
-      "io=v*complex(gd,-bo)\n",
-      "i1=io+i2\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "pg=3*abs(i2)**2*rl_/100\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pg/n\n",
-      "p2=3**0.5*v1*abs(i1)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=pg*100/p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pg,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary current= (16-2.36j) A\n",
-        "primary current= (17.460696181-12.8504543912j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.805393212665\n",
-        "power output= 2433.59058228 W\n",
-        "torque= 19.7625765823 N-m\n",
-        "input= 3477.92348593 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 69.9725164204 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.60, Page Number:1308"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,1)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.6,1)\n",
-      "zm=complex(10.0,50.0)\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sm=zr.real/(z.real**2+(z.imag+zr.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v1/((z.real+zr.real)**2+(zr.imag+z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tgmax=3*i2**2*z.real*60.0/(sm*2*3.14*1500)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tgmax,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 277.144160399 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_wXUDs09.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_wXUDs09.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0690f646..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_wXUDs09.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1741 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:e71bef33b0871199556c73182ec6cd28497a9d9d16612973a23ee2cceda4b35b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 26: D.C. Generators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.3, Page Number:912"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=450#A\n",
-      "v=230#v\n",
-      "rs=50#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.03#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+va\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f. generated in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f. generated in the armature=  243.62  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.4, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#v\n",
-      "rs=250#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vs=ia*rseries\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "vb=ish*b\n",
-      "E=v+va+vs+vb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  506.16  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.5, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "v=220#v\n",
-      "rs=200#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=i*rseries\n",
-      "vshunt=v+vs\n",
-      "ish=vshunt/v\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vb=b*2\n",
-      "E=v+vs+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  232.552045455  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.6, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": true,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#v\n",
-      "i=150.0#A\n",
-      "rs=92.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.03#ohm(divertor)\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rd*rseries)/(rd+rseries)\n",
-      "tr=ra+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "Eg=v+vd\n",
-      "tp=Eg*ia\n",
-      "pl=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*sdr)+(v*ish)+(v*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resuts\n",
-      "print \"i) Induced e.m.f.= \",Eg,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)Total power generated= \",tp,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)Distribution of the total power:\"\n",
-      "print \" power lost in armature=                \", ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "print \"power lost in series field and divider= \", ia*ia*sdr\n",
-      "print \"power dissipated in shunt winding=      \", v*ish\n",
-      "print \"power delivered to load=                \", v*i\n",
-      "print \"                                         ------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Total=                                  \", pl"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) Induced e.m.f.=  236.405  V\n",
-        "ii)Total power generated=  36051.7625  W\n",
-        "iii)Distribution of the total power:\n",
-        " power lost in armature=                 744.2\n",
-        "power lost in series field and divider=  232.5625\n",
-        "power dissipated in shunt winding=       575.0\n",
-        "power delivered to load=                 34500.0\n",
-        "                                         ------------\n",
-        "Total=                                   36051.7625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.7, Page Number:914"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=300000.0#w\n",
-      "v=600.0#v\n",
-      "sr=75.0#ohm\n",
-      "abr=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "cr=0.011#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "dr=0.036#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "io=p/v#output current\n",
-      "ish=v/sr\n",
-      "ia=io+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rseries*dr)/(rseries+dr)\n",
-      "tr=abr+cr+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "va=v+vd\n",
-      "pg=va*ia\n",
-      "W=pg/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generatedby the armature= \",va,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power generated by the armature= \",W, \"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generatedby the armature=  625.4  V\n",
-        "Power generated by the armature=  317.7032 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.8, Page Number:915"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=7*math.pow(10,-3)\n",
-      "z=51*20\n",
-      "a=p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#r.p.m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=(phi*z*n*p)/(a*60)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generated= \",Eg,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generated=  178.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.9, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=8\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "N=500#armature conductor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=phi*(n/60)*(p/a)*N\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f generated= \",E,\" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f generated=  500.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.10, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=127#v\n",
-      "vt=120#v(terminal voltage)\n",
-      "r=15#ohms\n",
-      "i1=8.47#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohms\n",
-      "fi=8#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=v+(i1*ra)\n",
-      "ia=(Eg-vt)/ra\n",
-      "il=ia-fi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current \",il,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current  350.47  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(a), Page Number:917"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=778\n",
-      "n=500\n",
-      "ra=0.24\n",
-      "rl=12.5\n",
-      "r=250\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "si=v/r\n",
-      "ai=il+si\n",
-      "emf=v+(ai*ra)\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ai,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",emf,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",round(phi*1000,2),\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  21.0  A\n",
-        "induced e.m.f.=  255.04  V\n",
-        "flux per pole=  9.83  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(b), Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "P=5000.0#w\n",
-      "P2=2500.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=120\n",
-      "N=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "gc=P/v\n",
-      "li=P2/v\n",
-      "ti=gc+li\n",
-      "fc=1\n",
-      "ai=ti+fc\n",
-      "ard=ai*ra\n",
-      "emf=v+ard+2\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*N)\n",
-      "ac_perparralelpath=ai/p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current per parallel path= \",ac_perparralelpath,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Flux per pole=  129.1  mWb\n",
-        "Armature current per parallel path=  7.75  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.12, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2.0#V(brush drop)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "R=v/i\n",
-      "E1=v+(i*ra)+bd\n",
-      "E2=(E1*n2)/n1\n",
-      "il=(E2-bd)/0.675\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.= \",round(il,2),\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.=  157.04  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.13, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=900 #rpm\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "E=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "phi=10#mWb\n",
-      "N=8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(E-V)/ra\n",
-      "Z=(E*600*2)/(phi*math.pow(10,-3)*n*p)\n",
-      "#since there ae 8 turns in a coil,it means there are 16 active conductor\n",
-      "number_of_coils=Z/16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"number of coils= \",number_of_coils"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  100.0  A\n",
-        "number of coils=  500.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.14, Page Number:919"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=120.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rs=25#ohm\n",
-      "rsw=0.04#ohm(series winding)\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "#i)Long shunt\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#i)Short shunt\n",
-      "vds=il*rsw\n",
-      "vs=V+vds\n",
-      "ish=vs/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt=  130.48  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt= 104.8  A\n",
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt=  130.496  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt= 104.96  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.15, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=25000.0#W\n",
-      "V=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=1.0#V\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/V\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "vds=ia*rseries\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "vdb=vb*2\n",
-      "E=V+vds+vda+vdb\n",
-      "Z=(E*60*4)/(phi*n*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"The e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"The number of conductors=\",Z"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The e.m.f. generated=  505.675  V\n",
-        "The number of conductors= 1264.1875\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.16, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "e=240.0#V\n",
-      "z=792\n",
-      "phi=0.0145#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi_working=(e*60*2)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "lambda_=phi/phi_working\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Leakage coefficient= \",round(lambda_,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Leakage coefficient=  1.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.17, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rt=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "rtotal=t*rt\n",
-      "r_eachpath=rtotal/p\n",
-      "ra=r_eachpath/a\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "V=E-vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage= \",V, \" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal Voltage=  459.25  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.18, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rturn=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rsc=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ra=0.055#ohm\n",
-      "ra=ra+rsc\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "v=E-va\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "i=ia-ish\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output= \",round(output/1000,3),\" kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output=  20.813  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.19, Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "v=125#V\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E1=v+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "E2=E1*n2/n1*0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%=\",E2,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%= 90.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(a), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=378\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "rl=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "V=(100.0/111.0)*E\n",
-      "il=V/rl\n",
-      "P=il*V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power absorbed by the load is= \",P,\" W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power absorbed by the load is=  5154.12710007  W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(b), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=300\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#rpm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "il=90#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ifield=E/rf\n",
-      "ia=ifield+il\n",
-      "V=E-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage= \",V,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal voltage=  481.2  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(a), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "e=250.0#V\n",
-      "d=350.0#mm\n",
-      "air_gap=3.0#mm\n",
-      "al=260.0#mm\n",
-      "fringing=0.8\n",
-      "coils=96\n",
-      "t=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=t*coils*2\n",
-      "a=p*2\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "di=d+air_gap\n",
-      "pole_arc=(3.14*di*fringing)/6\n",
-      "B=phi/(pole_arc*0.000001*al)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi,\" Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"effective pole arc lenght= \",pole_arc*0.001,\" m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux density= \",B,\" T\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  0.0434027777778  Wb\n",
-        "effective pole arc lenght=  0.147789333333  m\n",
-        "flux density=  1.12953862717  T\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(b), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "e=250.0#v\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "b=35.0#cm\n",
-      "ratio=0.7\n",
-      "lpole=20.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pole_pitch=(b*3.14)/p\n",
-      "polearc=ratio*pole_pitch\n",
-      "pole_area=polearc*lpole\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "mean_flux=phi/(pole_area*math.pow(10,-4))\n",
-      "              \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Mean flux density= \",mean_flux,\" Wb/m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Mean flux density=  0.649941505265  Wb/m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(d), Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v+(i*rseries)\n",
-      "ish=va/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "e=va+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "ishunt=v/rs\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rseries)\n",
-      "e2=v+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(short shunt)\",e,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(long shunt)\",e2,\" V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf generated(short shunt) 114.070666667  V\n",
-        "emf generated(long shunt) 114.123666667  V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.22, Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "w=20000.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rs=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=w/v\n",
-      "i_f=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+i_f\n",
-      "ip=w/efficiency#input power\n",
-      "total_loss=ip-w\n",
-      "copper_loss=(ia*ia*(ra+rseries))+(i_f*i_f*rs)\n",
-      "ironloss=total_loss-copper_loss\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "T=ip/omega\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#omega\n",
-      "print \"Copper loss= \",copper_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Iron and friction loss= \",ironloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque developed by the prime mover= \",T,\"Nw-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Copper loss=  1216.88892562  W\n",
-        "Iron and friction loss=  2312.52283909  W\n",
-        "Torque developed by the prime mover=  224.803297115 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.23, Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declartaion\n",
-      "power=10000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=534\n",
-      "cu_loss=0.64*1000#W\n",
-      "vbd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=power/v\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+vbd\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  30.0  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(a), Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=195#A\n",
-      "pd=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "p=250#W\n",
-      "strayloss=950#W\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=pd/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=pd+vda\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(pd*ish)\n",
-      "output_prime=(pd*i)+strayloss+cu_loss\n",
-      "power_a=output_prime-strayloss\n",
-      "neu_m=(power_a/output_prime)\n",
-      "neu_e=(pd*i)/((pd*i)+cu_loss)\n",
-      "neu_c=(pd*i)/output_prime\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \" b)Cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" c)output of prime mover= \",output_prime,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" d)mechanical efficiency= \",neu_m*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   electrical efficiency= \",neu_e*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   commercial efficiency= \",neu_c*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)e.m.f. generated=  254.0  V\n",
-        " b)Cu losses=  2050.0  W\n",
-        " c)output of prime mover=  51750.0  W\n",
-        " d)mechanical efficiency=  98.1642512077  %\n",
-        "   electrical efficiency=  95.9645669291  %\n",
-        "   commercial efficiency=  94.2028985507  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(b), Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "total_loss=(v*i*0.5)+((il+i*0.5)*(il+i*0.5)*ra)+(v*i*0.5)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency=  87.8312542029  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.25, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=196#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "stray_loss=720#W\n",
-      "rsh=55#ohm\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "inpute=output/e\n",
-      "total_loss=inpute-output\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "constant_loss=cu_loss+stray_loss\n",
-      "culoss_a=total_loss-constant_loss\n",
-      "ra=culoss_a/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "I=math.sqrt(constant_loss/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency\",I,\" A\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency 122.283568103  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.26, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "p=22*1000#w\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "I=p/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+I\n",
-      "vdseries=ia*rseries\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*rseries)+(rsh*ish*ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=(p/efficiency)-p\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "T=(p/efficiency*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)iron and friction loss= \",strayloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)Torque exerted by the prime mover= \",T,\" N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cu losses=  1584.44  W\n",
-        "b)iron and friction loss=  1415.56  W\n",
-        "c)Torque exerted by the prime mover=  238.853503185  N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.27, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=1#V(voltage drop per brush)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=i*r\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+(2*vdb)\n",
-      "totalpower=E*ia\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/totalpower\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced e.m.f.=  214.0  V\n",
-        "efficiency=  77.8816199377  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.28, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=100#ohm\n",
-      "ironloss=1000#W\n",
-      "frictionloss=500#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "totalra=ra+rseries+ri\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "copperloss=ia*ia*totalra\n",
-      "shculoss=ish*v\n",
-      "total_loss=copperloss+ironloss+frictionloss+shculoss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"F.L. efficiency of the machine= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "F.L. efficiency of the machine=  87.3089843128  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.29, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "ironloss=8#kW\n",
-      "r=0.25#reduction in speed\n",
-      "n_ironloss=5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([ironloss-(A*1+B*1**2),n_ironloss-(A*(1-r)+B*(1-r)**2)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]\n",
-      "we=ans[B]\n",
-      "wh2=ans[A]*0.5\n",
-      "we2=ans[B]*0.5**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)full speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)half speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh2,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we2,3),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)full speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 2.667 kW\n",
-        "We= 5.333 kW\n",
-        "ii)half speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 1.333 kW\n",
-        "We= 1.333 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.30, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "N=Symbol('N')\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "wh=250.0#w\n",
-      "we=100.0#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "A=wh/(n/60)\n",
-      "B=we/((n/60)**2)\n",
-      "new_loss=(wh+we)/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([new_loss-A*N-B*(N**2)],[N])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed at which total loss will be halved=\",ans[1],\"r.p.s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed at which total loss will be halved= (9.50045787200216,) r.p.s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.31, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=160.0#ohm\n",
-      "mechcoreloss=500.0#W\n",
-      "culoss=360.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "i=output/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+i\n",
-      "culossa=ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "totalloss=culoss+mechcoreloss+culossa\n",
-      "inputp=output+totalloss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inputp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power required= \",inputp*0.001,\" kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficinecy= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power required=  11.9780166667  kW\n",
-        "efficinecy=  83.486275552  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.32, Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=110*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.002#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "E=v+ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf=  226.024  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.33 Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "E=216.0#V\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "slots=144\n",
-      "con=6\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=con*slots\n",
-      "a=p\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "armatureE=(phi*z*n2*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the armature emf= \",armatureE,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the armature emf=  360.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.34 Page Number:933"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ar=p*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature resistance=\",ar"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature resistance= 0.6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_x0i8ax0.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_x0i8ax0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0690f646..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_x0i8ax0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1741 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:e71bef33b0871199556c73182ec6cd28497a9d9d16612973a23ee2cceda4b35b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 26: D.C. Generators"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.3, Page Number:912"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=450#A\n",
-      "v=230#v\n",
-      "rs=50#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.03#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=v+va\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f. generated in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f. generated in the armature=  243.62  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.4, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#v\n",
-      "rs=250#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vs=ia*rseries\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "vb=ish*b\n",
-      "E=v+va+vs+vb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  506.16  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.5, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=30#A\n",
-      "v=220#v\n",
-      "rs=200#ohm\n",
-      "ra=.05#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.30#ohm\n",
-      "b=1#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vs=i*rseries\n",
-      "vshunt=v+vs\n",
-      "ish=vshunt/v\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vb=b*2\n",
-      "E=v+vs+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"generated voltage in the armature= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "generated voltage in the armature=  232.552045455  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.6, Page Number:913"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": true,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#v\n",
-      "i=150.0#A\n",
-      "rs=92.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.03#ohm(divertor)\n",
-      "ra=0.032#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rd*rseries)/(rd+rseries)\n",
-      "tr=ra+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "Eg=v+vd\n",
-      "tp=Eg*ia\n",
-      "pl=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*sdr)+(v*ish)+(v*i)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#resuts\n",
-      "print \"i) Induced e.m.f.= \",Eg,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)Total power generated= \",tp,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)Distribution of the total power:\"\n",
-      "print \" power lost in armature=                \", ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "print \"power lost in series field and divider= \", ia*ia*sdr\n",
-      "print \"power dissipated in shunt winding=      \", v*ish\n",
-      "print \"power delivered to load=                \", v*i\n",
-      "print \"                                         ------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Total=                                  \", pl"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i) Induced e.m.f.=  236.405  V\n",
-        "ii)Total power generated=  36051.7625  W\n",
-        "iii)Distribution of the total power:\n",
-        " power lost in armature=                 744.2\n",
-        "power lost in series field and divider=  232.5625\n",
-        "power dissipated in shunt winding=       575.0\n",
-        "power delivered to load=                 34500.0\n",
-        "                                         ------------\n",
-        "Total=                                   36051.7625\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.7, Page Number:914"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=300000.0#w\n",
-      "v=600.0#v\n",
-      "sr=75.0#ohm\n",
-      "abr=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "cr=0.011#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "dr=0.036#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculatons\n",
-      "io=p/v#output current\n",
-      "ish=v/sr\n",
-      "ia=io+ish\n",
-      "sdr=(rseries*dr)/(rseries+dr)\n",
-      "tr=abr+cr+sdr\n",
-      "vd=ia*tr\n",
-      "va=v+vd\n",
-      "pg=va*ia\n",
-      "W=pg/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generatedby the armature= \",va,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Power generated by the armature= \",W, \"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generatedby the armature=  625.4  V\n",
-        "Power generated by the armature=  317.7032 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.8, Page Number:915"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "phi=7*math.pow(10,-3)\n",
-      "z=51*20\n",
-      "a=p=4\n",
-      "n=1500#r.p.m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=(phi*z*n*p)/(a*60)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage generated= \",Eg,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage generated=  178.5  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.9, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=8\n",
-      "phi=0.05#Wb\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "N=500#armature conductor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=phi*(n/60)*(p/a)*N\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"e.m.f generated= \",E,\" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "e.m.f generated=  500.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.10, Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=127#v\n",
-      "vt=120#v(terminal voltage)\n",
-      "r=15#ohms\n",
-      "i1=8.47#A\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohms\n",
-      "fi=8#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Eg=v+(i1*ra)\n",
-      "ia=(Eg-vt)/ra\n",
-      "il=ia-fi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current \",il,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current  350.47  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(a), Page Number:917"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "z=778\n",
-      "n=500\n",
-      "ra=0.24\n",
-      "rl=12.5\n",
-      "r=250\n",
-      "v=250\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "si=v/r\n",
-      "ai=il+si\n",
-      "emf=v+(ai*ra)\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ai,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",emf,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",round(phi*1000,2),\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  21.0  A\n",
-        "induced e.m.f.=  255.04  V\n",
-        "flux per pole=  9.83  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.11(b), Page Number:916"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "P=5000.0#w\n",
-      "P2=2500.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=120\n",
-      "N=1000#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "gc=P/v\n",
-      "li=P2/v\n",
-      "ti=gc+li\n",
-      "fc=1\n",
-      "ai=ti+fc\n",
-      "ard=ai*ra\n",
-      "emf=v+ard+2\n",
-      "phi=(emf*60*a)/(p*z*N)\n",
-      "ac_perparralelpath=ai/p\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current per parallel path= \",ac_perparralelpath,\" A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Flux per pole=  129.1  mWb\n",
-        "Armature current per parallel path=  7.75  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.12, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=125.0#V\n",
-      "n1=1000#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "bd=2.0#V(brush drop)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "R=v/i\n",
-      "E1=v+(i*ra)+bd\n",
-      "E2=(E1*n2)/n1\n",
-      "il=(E2-bd)/0.675\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.= \",round(il,2),\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load current when speed drops to 800 r.p.m.=  157.04  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.13, Page Number:918"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=900 #rpm\n",
-      "V=220#V\n",
-      "E=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "phi=10#mWb\n",
-      "N=8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=(E-V)/ra\n",
-      "Z=(E*600*2)/(phi*math.pow(10,-3)*n*p)\n",
-      "#since there ae 8 turns in a coil,it means there are 16 active conductor\n",
-      "number_of_coils=Z/16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current= \",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "print \"number of coils= \",number_of_coils"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current=  100.0  A\n",
-        "number of coils=  500.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.14, Page Number:919"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=120.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "rs=25#ohm\n",
-      "rsw=0.04#ohm(series winding)\n",
-      "il=100.0#A\n",
-      "#i)Long shunt\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#i)Short shunt\n",
-      "vds=il*rsw\n",
-      "vs=V+vds\n",
-      "ish=vs/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "vd=ia*rsw\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=V+vd+vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt=\",ia,\" A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to long shunt=  130.48  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to long shunt= 104.8  A\n",
-        "Induced e.m.f. when the machine is connected to short shunt=  130.496  V\n",
-        "Armature current when the machine is connected to short shunt= 104.96  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.15, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=25000.0#W\n",
-      "V=500.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=1.0#V\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i=p/V\n",
-      "ish=V/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "vds=ia*rseries\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "vdb=vb*2\n",
-      "E=V+vds+vda+vdb\n",
-      "Z=(E*60*4)/(phi*n*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"The e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"The number of conductors=\",Z"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The e.m.f. generated=  505.675  V\n",
-        "The number of conductors= 1264.1875\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.16, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "e=240.0#V\n",
-      "z=792\n",
-      "phi=0.0145#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "phi_working=(e*60*2)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "lambda_=phi/phi_working\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Leakage coefficient= \",round(lambda_,1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Leakage coefficient=  1.2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.17, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rt=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "rtotal=t*rt\n",
-      "r_eachpath=rtotal/p\n",
-      "ra=r_eachpath/a\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "V=E-vda\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal Voltage= \",V, \" V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal Voltage=  459.25  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.18, Page Number:920"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "phi=0.07#Wb\n",
-      "t=220\n",
-      "rturn=0.004#ohm\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "rsc=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=2*t\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ra=0.055#ohm\n",
-      "ra=ra+rsc\n",
-      "va=ia*ra\n",
-      "v=E-va\n",
-      "ish=v/rs\n",
-      "i=ia-ish\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output= \",round(output/1000,3),\" kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output=  20.813  kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.19, Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n1=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "v=125#V\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "vb=2#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E1=v+vb+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "E2=E1*n2/n1*0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#results\n",
-      "print \"Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%=\",E2,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Generated e.m.f. when field current is reduced to 80%= 90.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(a), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "rs=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=378\n",
-      "phi=0.02#Wb\n",
-      "rl=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "V=(100.0/111.0)*E\n",
-      "il=V/rl\n",
-      "P=il*V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power absorbed by the load is= \",P,\" W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power absorbed by the load is=  5154.12710007  W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.20(b), Page Number:921"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=300\n",
-      "phi=0.1#Wb\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#rpm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "il=90#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "E=(phi*z*n*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "ifield=E/rf\n",
-      "ia=ifield+il\n",
-      "V=E-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Terminal voltage= \",V,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Terminal voltage=  481.2  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(a), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "e=250.0#V\n",
-      "d=350.0#mm\n",
-      "air_gap=3.0#mm\n",
-      "al=260.0#mm\n",
-      "fringing=0.8\n",
-      "coils=96\n",
-      "t=3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=t*coils*2\n",
-      "a=p*2\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "di=d+air_gap\n",
-      "pole_arc=(3.14*di*fringing)/6\n",
-      "B=phi/(pole_arc*0.000001*al)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi,\" Wb\"\n",
-      "print \"effective pole arc lenght= \",pole_arc*0.001,\" m\"\n",
-      "print \"flux density= \",B,\" T\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  0.0434027777778  Wb\n",
-        "effective pole arc lenght=  0.147789333333  m\n",
-        "flux density=  1.12953862717  T\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(b), Page Number:922"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=a=4\n",
-      "z=1200\n",
-      "e=250.0#v\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "b=35.0#cm\n",
-      "ratio=0.7\n",
-      "lpole=20.0#cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pole_pitch=(b*3.14)/p\n",
-      "polearc=ratio*pole_pitch\n",
-      "pole_area=polearc*lpole\n",
-      "phi=(e*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "mean_flux=phi/(pole_area*math.pow(10,-4))\n",
-      "              \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Mean flux density= \",mean_flux,\" Wb/m2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Mean flux density=  0.649941505265  Wb/m2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.21(d), Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=200.0#A\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "rs=60.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "va=v+(i*rseries)\n",
-      "ish=va/rs\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "e=va+(ia*ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#long shunt\n",
-      "ishunt=v/rs\n",
-      "vd=ia*(ra+rseries)\n",
-      "e2=v+vd\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(short shunt)\",e,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"emf generated(long shunt)\",e2,\" V\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "emf generated(short shunt) 114.070666667  V\n",
-        "emf generated(long shunt) 114.123666667  V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 73
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.22, Page Number:923"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "w=20000.0#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#v\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "rs=110.0#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.85\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=w/v\n",
-      "i_f=v/rs\n",
-      "ia=il+i_f\n",
-      "ip=w/efficiency#input power\n",
-      "total_loss=ip-w\n",
-      "copper_loss=(ia*ia*(ra+rseries))+(i_f*i_f*rs)\n",
-      "ironloss=total_loss-copper_loss\n",
-      "omega=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "T=ip/omega\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#omega\n",
-      "print \"Copper loss= \",copper_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Iron and friction loss= \",ironloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"Torque developed by the prime mover= \",T,\"Nw-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Copper loss=  1216.88892562  W\n",
-        "Iron and friction loss=  2312.52283909  W\n",
-        "Torque developed by the prime mover=  224.803297115 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.23, Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declartaion\n",
-      "power=10000.0#W\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "p=a=6\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=534\n",
-      "cu_loss=0.64*1000#W\n",
-      "vbd=1.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia=power/v\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+vbd\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"flux per pole= \",phi*1000,\" mWb\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "flux per pole=  30.0  mWb\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(a), Page Number:928"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=195#A\n",
-      "pd=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "p=250#W\n",
-      "strayloss=950#W\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=pd/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "vda=ia*ra\n",
-      "E=pd+vda\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(pd*ish)\n",
-      "output_prime=(pd*i)+strayloss+cu_loss\n",
-      "power_a=output_prime-strayloss\n",
-      "neu_m=(power_a/output_prime)\n",
-      "neu_e=(pd*i)/((pd*i)+cu_loss)\n",
-      "neu_c=(pd*i)/output_prime\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)e.m.f. generated= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \" b)Cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" c)output of prime mover= \",output_prime,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \" d)mechanical efficiency= \",neu_m*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   electrical efficiency= \",neu_e*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "print \"   commercial efficiency= \",neu_c*100,\" %\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)e.m.f. generated=  254.0  V\n",
-        " b)Cu losses=  2050.0  W\n",
-        " c)output of prime mover=  51750.0  W\n",
-        " d)mechanical efficiency=  98.1642512077  %\n",
-        "   electrical efficiency=  95.9645669291  %\n",
-        "   commercial efficiency=  94.2028985507  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.24(b), Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=40.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*il\n",
-      "total_loss=(v*i*0.5)+((il+i*0.5)*(il+i*0.5)*ra)+(v*i*0.5)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Efficiency=  87.8312542029  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.25, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=196#A\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "stray_loss=720#W\n",
-      "rsh=55#ohm\n",
-      "e=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "inpute=output/e\n",
-      "total_loss=inpute-output\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=v*ish\n",
-      "constant_loss=cu_loss+stray_loss\n",
-      "culoss_a=total_loss-constant_loss\n",
-      "ra=culoss_a/(ia*ia)\n",
-      "I=math.sqrt(constant_loss/ra)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency\",I,\" A\" "
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Load curent corresponding to maximum efficiency 122.283568103  A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.26, Page Number:929"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "p=22*1000#w\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "I=p/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+I\n",
-      "vdseries=ia*rseries\n",
-      "cu_loss=(ia*ia*ra)+(ia*ia*rseries)+(rsh*ish*ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=(p/efficiency)-p\n",
-      "strayloss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "T=(p/efficiency*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"a)cu losses= \",cu_loss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"b)iron and friction loss= \",strayloss,\" W\"\n",
-      "print \"c)Torque exerted by the prime mover= \",T,\" N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "a)cu losses=  1584.44  W\n",
-        "b)iron and friction loss=  1415.56  W\n",
-        "c)Torque exerted by the prime mover=  238.853503185  N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.27, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "r=10#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=50#ohm\n",
-      "vdb=1#V(voltage drop per brush)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "v=i*r\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "E=v+(ia*ra)+(2*vdb)\n",
-      "totalpower=E*ia\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "efficiency=output/totalpower\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced e.m.f.= \",E,\" V\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced e.m.f.=  214.0  V\n",
-        "efficiency=  77.8816199377  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.28, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "i=100#A\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rseries=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=100#ohm\n",
-      "ironloss=1000#W\n",
-      "frictionloss=500#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=v*i\n",
-      "totalra=ra+rseries+ri\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i+ish\n",
-      "copperloss=ia*ia*totalra\n",
-      "shculoss=ish*v\n",
-      "total_loss=copperloss+ironloss+frictionloss+shculoss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"F.L. efficiency of the machine= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "F.L. efficiency of the machine=  87.3089843128  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.29, Page Number:930"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "A=Symbol('A')\n",
-      "B=Symbol('B')\n",
-      "ironloss=8#kW\n",
-      "r=0.25#reduction in speed\n",
-      "n_ironloss=5#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ans=solve([ironloss-(A*1+B*1**2),n_ironloss-(A*(1-r)+B*(1-r)**2)],[A,B])\n",
-      "wh=ans[A]\n",
-      "we=ans[B]\n",
-      "wh2=ans[A]*0.5\n",
-      "we2=ans[B]*0.5**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)full speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)half speed:\"\n",
-      "print \"Wh=\",round(wh2,3),\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"We=\",round(we2,3),\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)full speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 2.667 kW\n",
-        "We= 5.333 kW\n",
-        "ii)half speed:\n",
-        "Wh= 1.333 kW\n",
-        "We= 1.333 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.30, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "N=Symbol('N')\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "wh=250.0#w\n",
-      "we=100.0#w\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "A=wh/(n/60)\n",
-      "B=we/((n/60)**2)\n",
-      "new_loss=(wh+we)/2\n",
-      "ans=solve([new_loss-A*N-B*(N**2)],[N])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Speed at which total loss will be halved=\",ans[1],\"r.p.s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Speed at which total loss will be halved= (9.50045787200216,) r.p.s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.31, Page Number:931"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=10.0*1000#W\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=160.0#ohm\n",
-      "mechcoreloss=500.0#W\n",
-      "culoss=360.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "i=output/v\n",
-      "ia=ish+i\n",
-      "culossa=ia*ia*ra\n",
-      "totalloss=culoss+mechcoreloss+culossa\n",
-      "inputp=output+totalloss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inputp\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Power required= \",inputp*0.001,\" kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficinecy= \",efficiency*100,\" %\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Power required=  11.9780166667  kW\n",
-        "efficinecy=  83.486275552  %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.32, Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=110*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "rse=0.002#ohm\n",
-      "rsh=110#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=p/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=il+ish\n",
-      "E=v+ia*(ra+rse)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"induced emf= \",E,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "induced emf=  226.024  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.33 Page Number:932"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "E=216.0#V\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "slots=144\n",
-      "con=6\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=con*slots\n",
-      "a=p\n",
-      "phi=(E*60*a)/(n*z*p)\n",
-      "a=2\n",
-      "armatureE=(phi*z*n2*p)/(60*a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the armature emf= \",armatureE,\" V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the armature emf=  360.0  V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 34
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 26.34 Page Number:933"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ar=p*r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature resistance=\",ar"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature resistance= 0.6\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 30
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_xD8c7xw.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_xD8c7xw.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d43ac823..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_xD8c7xw.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3109 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:6eddcd87c5c220a184bc6a72a3af06c45a444c1fd08c6f0e5d7d854e3ce98ba8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 34:Induction Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.1, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=290.0#rpm\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "Ns=300.0#rpm(considered)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=120*f/Ns\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"no. of poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "no. of poles= 20.0\n",
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.2, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "slot=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "P=2*n\n",
-      "slots_total=slot*P*n\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/P\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"No. of stator poles=\",P\n",
-      "print \"Total number of slots=\",slots_total\n",
-      "print \"Speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " No. of stator poles= 6\n",
-        "Total number of slots= 54\n",
-        "Speed= 1000 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.3, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "slip1=0.04\n",
-      "slip2=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip1)\n",
-      "f1=slip2*f*60\n",
-      "#at standstill s=1\n",
-      "f2=1*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "print \"speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04=\",N\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",f1,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"frequency of the rotor current at standstill=\",f2,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating= 1500 rpm\n",
-        "speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04= 1440.0\n",
-        "frequency of rotor current= 90.0 rpm\n",
-        "frequency of the rotor current at standstill= 50 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.4, Page Number:1255"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3.0\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "slip=0.04\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "N=Ns*(1-slip)\n",
-      "s=(Ns-n)/Ns\n",
-      "f1=s*f\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the synchronous speed=\",Ns,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor speed=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm=\",f1,\"Hz\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the synchronous speed= 1500.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "the rotor frequency when n=600 rpm= 30.0 Hz\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.5, Page Number:1256"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "N=500#rpm\n",
-      "p2=8\n",
-      "slip=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "f=p*N/120\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p2\n",
-      "N=Ns-slip*Ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load speed of the motor=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load speed of the motor= 727.5 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.6, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "e=80#V\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "x=4#ohm\n",
-      "rheo=3#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "E=e/(3)**0.5\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=E/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "R=rheo+r\n",
-      "z2=(R**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=E/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "pf2=R/z2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are short circuited:\"\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm\",\n",
-      "print \"current/phase\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip rings are short circuited:\n",
-        "current/phase 11.2022406722 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.242535625036\n",
-        "slip rings are onnected to a star-connected rheostat of 3  ohm current/phase 8.16496580928 A\n",
-        "pf= 0.707106781187\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.7, Page Number:1258"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=6.5\n",
-      "r=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=v*k/(3**0.5)\n",
-      "R=x-r\n",
-      "r2=x\n",
-      "z=(x**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=e2/z\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "external resistance= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "starting current= 100.491886883 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.8, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=1100#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "ratio=3.8\n",
-      "r=0.012#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e=v/ratio\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=e/z\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "i2=100*ratio\n",
-      "z2=e/i2\n",
-      "r2=(z2**2-x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "R=r2-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current with slip rings shorted=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf with slip rings shorted=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",i2\n",
-      "print \"pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted=\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current with slip rings shorted= 1156.56314266 A\n",
-        "pf with slip rings shorted= 0.0479447993684\n",
-        "current with slip=4% and slip rings shorted= 380.0\n",
-        "pf withslip=4% and slip rings shorted= 0.768221279597\n",
-        "external resistance= 0.70758173952 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.9, Page Number:1259"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "v=3000#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "ratio=3.6\n",
-      "r=0.13#ohm\n",
-      "l=3.61*0.001#H\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "x2=2*3.14*l*f\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "r2_=0.1/k**2\n",
-      "x2_=ratio**2*x2\n",
-      "is1=v/((r**2+x2_**2)**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "ts=(3*3/(2*3.14*f))*((v**2)*r2_)/(r2_**2+x2_**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",is1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"ts=\",ts,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting current= 117.896733436 A\n",
-        "ts= 512.375725888 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.10, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "zs=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "zr=complex(6,2)\n",
-      "v=80#V\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i=e2/abs(zr+zs)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*zs.imag\n",
-      "ir=er/abs(complex(zs.real,xr))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor current at standstill=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor current at standstill= 5.26498126493 A\n",
-        "rotor current when slip-rings are short-circuited= 3.31800758166 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.11, Page Number:1261"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "e=120#V\n",
-      "r2=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "x2=1.5#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e2=e/3**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(r2**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i=er/zr\n",
-      "s=r2/x2\n",
-      "xr=s*x2\n",
-      "zr=(xr**2+r2**2)**0.5\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor when running short-circuited=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"current when torque is maximum=\",i2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor when running short-circuited= 9.05821627316 A\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "current when torque is maximum= 32.6598632371 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.12, Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tb=150.0#kg-m\n",
-      "n=660.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "t=tb*(2/((sb/s)+s/sb))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"kg-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 90.0 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(a), Page Number:1266"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variablde declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "vd=0.90\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio_s=(1/vd)**2\n",
-      "ratio_i=ratio_s*vd\n",
-      "cu_loss_increase=ratio_i**2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in motor copper losses=\",cu_loss_increase"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in motor copper losses= 1.23456790123\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.13(b), Page Number:1264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p1=15.0#kW\n",
-      "n=980.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.93\n",
-      "vd=0.10\n",
-      "fd=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v2=(1-vd)*v\n",
-      "f2=(1-fd)*f\n",
-      "n1=120*f/p\n",
-      "n2=120*f2/p\n",
-      "s1=(n1-n)/n1\n",
-      "ratio_f=s1*(v*(1-vd)/v)**2*f2/f\n",
-      "n2=n2*(1-ratio_f)\n",
-      "p2=p1*n2/n1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"the new operating speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"the new output power=\",p2,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "the new operating speed= 935.3795 rpm\n",
-        "the new output power= 14.0306925 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(a), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "v1=400#V\n",
-      "v2=200#V\n",
-      "r=0.06#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r=x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 0.24 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(b), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=3\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "r=0.001#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.005#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n2=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "ratio=2*s**2*a/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of the maximum to full-load torque=\",ratio*1000,\"10^-3\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of the maximum to full-load torque= 3.9603960396 10^-3\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.14(c), Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=12\n",
-      "v=600#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=495#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.01\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "Ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "n=Ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed of max torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of max torque= 470.0 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of torques= 0.324324324324\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.15, Page Number:1267"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=746.0#kW\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=16\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.02,0.15)\n",
-      "n=360.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "a=zr.real/zr.imag\n",
-      "ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "N=ns*(1-a)\n",
-      "R=zr.imag-zr.real\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 0.550458715596\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 325.0 rpm\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.13 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.16, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.0/4.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "a=solve(ratio-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "r=a[0]*x-r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1187.5 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.0291699475574164 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.17, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "t_ratio=2*a*s/(a**2+s**2)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-a)*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torques=\",1/t_ratio\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio of torques= 1.45\n",
-        "speed= 675.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.18, Page Number:1268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-      "a2=Symbol('a2')\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "t_ratio=2.5\n",
-      "t_ratio2=1.5\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t_ratio3=t_ratio2/t_ratio\n",
-      "a=solve(t_ratio3-(2*a/(1+a**2)),a)\n",
-      "a2=solve(a2**2-0.15*a2+0.0009,a2)\n",
-      "r_red=(a[0]-a2[1])/a[0]\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance=\",r_red*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction in rotor circuit resistance= 56.8784093726987 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.19, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "n=650.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "a=1\n",
-      "r=a*x2-r\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"extra resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "extra resistance= 0.52 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.20, Page Number:1269"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "R=Symbol('R')\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "t=162.8#N-m\n",
-      "n=1365.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "sb=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "x2=r/sb\n",
-      "R=solve(1.0/(4*x2)-((r+R)/((r+R)**2+x2**2)),R)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",round(R[0],1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 0.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 56
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.21, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "t_ratios=1.60\n",
-      "t_ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcualtion\n",
-      "t_ratio=t_ratios/t_ratiom\n",
-      "#0.8a2-2*a+0.8 a=0.04\n",
-      "#0.5=2*a*sf/a2+sf2 sf=0.01\n",
-      "a=0.04\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-sf*ns\n",
-      "N=ns-a*ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full-load speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",N,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load speed= 1485.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1440.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.22, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.85#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.8\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*(v/3**0.5)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tf=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "s=r/x\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*f/3))*(s*e2*e2*r/(r**2+(s*x)**2))\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"developed torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "developed torque= 52.4097855621 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 99.9125764956 N-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 858.823529412 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.23, Page Number:1270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=100#rpm considered\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "n2=n/2\n",
-      "s2=(ns-n2)/ns\n",
-      "ratio=((s2/s)*(r**2+(s*x)**2)/(r**2+(s2*x)**2))**0.5\n",
-      "per=1-1/ratio\n",
-      "phi=math.atan(s2*x/r)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 22.8528060715 %\n",
-        "pf= 0.307902262948\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.26, Page Number:1272"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "t=100#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e2=v/2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns-n\n",
-      "n2=n+ns/2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator supply voltage=\",e2,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator supply voltage= 220 V\n",
-        "new speed= 1050 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.24, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable delclaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=1140.0#rpm\n",
-      "e=440.0#V\n",
-      "e2=550.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s1=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "s2=s1*(e/e2)**2\n",
-      "n2=ns*(1-s2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1053.6 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.25, Page Number:1274"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=450.0#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=8.0\n",
-      "n=873.0#rpm\n",
-      "t=23.0#degrees\n",
-      "n2=864.0#rpm\n",
-      "alpha=1.0/234.0#per degrees centrigrade\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s1=(900-n)/900\n",
-      "s2=(900-n2)/900\n",
-      "ratio=s2/s1-1\n",
-      "t2=(s2/s1-1)/alpha+23  \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase in rotor resistance=\",ratio*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"approx temperature=\",t2,\"degrees centigrade\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase in rotor resistance= 33.3333333333 %\n",
-        "approx temperature= 101.0 degrees centigrade\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.27, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=500.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "load=80.0#kW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "ns=120.0*f/60.0\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "s=alt/(60.0*f)\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=(1.0/3.0)*load*1000/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*1000,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/10000,\"kW\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 996.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.888888888889 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.28, Page Number:1283"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "n=1425.0#rpm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,4)\n",
-      "ratio=0.8\n",
-      "loss=500.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=75/ns\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "tf=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "ir=s*ratio*e1/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*ir**2*z.real\n",
-      "pm=2*3.4*(n/60)*tf\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "s=z.real/z.imag\n",
-      "tmax=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real*s)/(z.real**2+(s*z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "nmax=ns-s*ns\n",
-      "i=ratio*e1/abs(z)\n",
-      "tst=(3*2/(2*3.14*f))*(((e1*ratio)**2)*z.real)/(z.real**2+(z.imag)**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" full load torque=\",tf,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",ir,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"cu_loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"max torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",nmax,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"starting current=\",i,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"starting torque=\",tst,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " full load torque= 78.9197452229 N-m\n",
-        "rotor current= 22.7215022978 A\n",
-        "cu_loss= 619.52 W\n",
-        "power output= 12245.5388535 W\n",
-        "max torque= 98.6496815287 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1350.0 rpm\n",
-        "starting current= 50.5546790867 A\n",
-        "starting torque= 19.5345904017 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.29, Page Number:1285"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "P=23#kW\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e=0.92\n",
-      "n=1440#r.p.m\n",
-      "loss=0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "motor_input=P/e\n",
-      "total_loss=motor_input-P\n",
-      "friction_loss=total_loss/p\n",
-      "Pm=P+friction_loss\n",
-      "Psw=Pm*1500/n\n",
-      "ws=2*3.14*1500/60\n",
-      "Tsw=Psw*1000/ws\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Synchronous torque=\",round(Tsw),\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Synchronous torque= 156.0 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.30, Page Number:1286"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=60#kW\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "p2=load-loss\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "rotor_loss=cu_loss*1000/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power developed=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",rotor_loss,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mechanical power developed= 57.23 kW\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 590.0 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.31, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=20#KW\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "i=60#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "fr=s*f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*load*1000\n",
-      "r2=cu_loss/(3*i**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"frequency of rotor current=\",fr,\"Hz\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor resistance=\",r2,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "frequency of rotor current= 1.5 Hz\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 600.0 W\n",
-        "rotor resistance= 0.0555555555556 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 54
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.32, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=3.73#KW\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "loss=280#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "input_r=load*1000*ns/n\n",
-      "input_s=input_r+loss\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator input=\",input_s,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator input= 4165.41666667 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.33, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=75.0#KW\n",
-      "alt=100.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "f1=alt/60\n",
-      "s=f1/f\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "cu_loss_r_per_phase=s*p2/3\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss per phase=\",cu_loss_r_per_phase,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechancal power=\",pm,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.33333333333 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 966.666666667 rpm\n",
-        "rotor copper loss per phase= 0.833333333333 kW\n",
-        "mechancal power= 72.5 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.34, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "n=975.0#rpm\n",
-      "p1=40.0#KW\n",
-      "loss_s=1.0#kW\n",
-      "loss=2.0#KW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "p2=p1-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft power=\",pout,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 2.5 %\n",
-        "rotor copper loss= 0.975 kW\n",
-        "shaft power= 36.025 kW\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.0625 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.35, Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=100#KW\n",
-      "v=3300#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "s=0.018\n",
-      "pf=0.85\n",
-      "cu_loss=2440#W\n",
-      "iron_loss=3500#W\n",
-      "rotational_loss=1200#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pm=output+rotational_loss/1000\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=(s/(1-s))*pm\n",
-      "p2=pm+cu_loss_r\n",
-      "input_s=p2+cu_loss/1000+iron_loss/1000\n",
-      "il=input_s*1000/(3**0.5*v*pf)\n",
-      "efficiency=output/input_s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.85132382892 kW\n",
-        "line current= 22.1989272175 A\n",
-        "efficiency= 92.7202341611 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 62
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.36, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "p2=100.0#W\n",
-      "c=120.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=c/(f*60)\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2/3\n",
-      "n2=ns-n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"copper loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of stator field with respect to rotor=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-        "mechanical power= 96.0 kW\n",
-        "copper loss= 1.33333333333 kW\n",
-        "speed of stator field with respect to rotor= 40.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.37, Page Number:1288"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "efficiency=0.9\n",
-      "output=37#kW\n",
-      "ratio=1.0/3.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output*1000\n",
-      "x=total_loss/(3+0.5)\n",
-      "input_r=output*1000+x/2+x\n",
-      "s=x/input_r\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 3.0303030303 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.38, Page Number:1289"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "load=45#KW\n",
-      "i=75#A\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "iron_loss=1200#kW\n",
-      "loss=900#kW\n",
-      "r=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pf=load*1000/(3**0.5*v*i)\n",
-      "r=r*3/2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*(i/3**0.5)**2*r\n",
-      "cu_loss_r=s*42788\n",
-      "pm=42788-cu_loss_r\n",
-      "output_s=pm-loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output_s/(load*1000)\n",
-      "t=(output_s*60)/(2*3.14*970)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss_r,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"p out=\",output_s,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",t,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf= 0.866025403784\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 1283.64 W\n",
-        "p out= 40604.36 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 90.2319111111 %\n",
-        "torque= 399.937881673 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 78
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(a), Page Number:1287"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.75\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "pcr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=pcr*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sm)\n",
-      "e3=sm*e2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load torque=\",tg/9.81,\"kg-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at maximum torque=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor emf at max torque=\",e3,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load torque= 4.26478644041 kg-m\n",
-        "speed at maximum torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n",
-        "rotor emf at max torque= 8.06457518868 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.39(b), Page Number:1290"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "i=10#A\n",
-      "pf=0.86\n",
-      "loss=0.05\n",
-      "cu_r=0.04\n",
-      "m_loss=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=3**0.5*v*i*pf\n",
-      "loss_s=loss*input_m\n",
-      "input_r=input_m-loss_s\n",
-      "cu_lossr=cu_r*input_r\n",
-      "mec_loss=m_loss*input_r\n",
-      "output_shaft=input_r-cu_lossr-mec_loss\n",
-      "s=cu_lossr/input_r\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "wr=2*3.14*n/60\n",
-      "output_r=input_r-cu_lossr\n",
-      "tr=output_r/wr\n",
-      "tin=output_shaft/wr\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed in the rotor=\",tr,\"Nw-m\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tin,\"Nw-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip= 4.0 %\n",
-        "rotor speed= 1440.0 rpm\n",
-        "torque developed in the rotor= 36.0531340072 Nw-m\n",
-        "shaft torque= 34.9264735695 Nw-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 91
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.40, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "p=40.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=3.5\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "k=1/ratio\n",
-      "e2=k*e1\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(x*sm)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "input_r=cu_loss/sm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"gross output at 5% slip=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",input_r,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "gross output at 5% slip= 6242.77652849 W\n",
-        "maximum torque= 8780.04535147 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.41, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=4.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "loss=0.025\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "pw=loss*pout*1000\n",
-      "pm=pout*1000+pw\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*pm/(1-s)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout*1000/n\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"shaft torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"gross electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor cu loss= 796.510416667 W\n",
-        "rotor input= 19912.7604167 W\n",
-        "shaft torque= 123.685763889 N-m\n",
-        "gross electromagnetic torque= 126.777907986 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.42, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=710#rpm\n",
-      "load=35#kW\n",
-      "loss=1200#W\n",
-      "loss_r=600#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "p2=load*1000-loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_loss=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-cu_loss\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "pout=pm-loss_r\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*pout/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"rotor copper loss=\",cu_loss/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"gross torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",tsh,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power output=\",pout,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "rotor copper loss= 1.80266666667 kW\n",
-        "gross torque= 430.386666667 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power= 31997.3333333 W\n",
-        "net torque= 422.316244131 N-m\n",
-        "mechanical power output= 31397.3333333 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.43, Page Number:1292"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "tsh=149.3#N-m\n",
-      "loss=200#W\n",
-      "cu_loss=1620#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=tsh*2*3.14*(n/60)\n",
-      "output=pout+loss\n",
-      "p2=output*ns/n\n",
-      "cu_lossr=p2-output\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=pout*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",pout/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"rotor cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"the efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "output power= 15.001664 kW\n",
-        "rotor cu loss= 633.402666667 W\n",
-        "the efficiency= 85.9444669361 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.44, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "pout=18.65#kW\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "n=960#rpm\n",
-      "i2=35#A\n",
-      "loss=1#kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "pm=pout+loss\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-      "cu_lossr=pm*s*1000/(1-s)\n",
-      "r2=cu_lossr/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistane per phase=\",r2,\"ohm/phase\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistane per phase= 0.222789115646 ohm/phase\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.45, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "sf=Symbol('sf')\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "r=0.01#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1/ratio\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tmax=(3/(2*3.14*25))*(e2**2/(2*x))\n",
-      "a=r/x\n",
-      "sf=solve(0.5*(a**2+sf**2)-2*a*sf,sf)\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-sf[0])\n",
-      "tf=tmax/2\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tf/60\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"full load slip=\",sf[0]\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",output,\"W\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 318.47133758 N-m\n",
-        "full load slip= 0.0267949192431123\n",
-        "power output= 24330.1270189222 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 129
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.46, Page Number:1291"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.9#ohm\n",
-      "k=0.67\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "e1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "e2=e1*k\n",
-      "z=(r**2+(s*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=s*e2/z\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "sm=r/x\n",
-      "er=sm*e2\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+(sm*x)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_lossr=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "output=cu_lossr*(1-sm)/sm\n",
-      "n=(1-sm)*ns\n",
-      "tmax=9.55*output/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tmax,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at max torque=\",n,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 40.4815391879 N-m\n",
-        "maximum torque= 63.511037037 N-m\n",
-        "speed at max torque= 1333.33333333 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 143
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.47, Page Number:1293"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.015#ohm\n",
-      "x=0.09#ohm\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "e2=110#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "z=(r**2+x**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf=r/z\n",
-      "xr=s*x\n",
-      "zr=(r**2+xr**2)**0.5\n",
-      "pf2=r/zr\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "er=s*e2\n",
-      "i2=er/zr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r\n",
-      "pm=cu_loss*(1-s)/s\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at start=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"pf of motor at s=4%\",pf2\n",
-      "print \"full load torque=\",tg,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pf of motor at start= 0.164398987305\n",
-        "pf of motor at s=4% 0.972387301981\n",
-        "full load torque= 582.728189612 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 144
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.48, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=6.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "tsh=162.84#N-m\n",
-      "c=90.0\n",
-      "t=20.36#N-m\n",
-      "loss=830.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "fr=c/60\n",
-      "s=fr/f\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*tsh/60\n",
-      "tg=tsh+t\n",
-      "p2=tg*ns/9.55\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "p1=p2+cu_lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=output*100/p1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",cu_lossr,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"motor input\",p1,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 16532.6024 W\n",
-        "cu loss= 575.497382199 W\n",
-        "motor input 19758.7434555 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 83.6723369441 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.49, Page Number:1294"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "v=420.0#V\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "z=complex(0.25,0.75)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.173,0.52)\n",
-      "v1=420.0#V\n",
-      "v2=350.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "k=v2/v1\n",
-      "r02=zr.real+k**2*z.real\n",
-      "x02=zr.imag+k**2*z.imag\n",
-      "z02=((r+r02)**2+x02**2)**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v2/(3**0.5*z02)\n",
-      "cu_loss=i2**2*(r+zr.real)\n",
-      "p2=cu_loss*3\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tst=9.55*p2/(ns*9.81)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tst,\"kg-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "torque= 48.2909354778 kg-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.50, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=8\n",
-      "load=37.3#ohm\n",
-      "v=280#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "i=200#A\n",
-      "pf=0.25\n",
-      "r=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "k=1.0/3\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "wsc=2*v*i*pf\n",
-      "power_phase=v*i*pf\n",
-      "R=power_phase/i**2\n",
-      "r2_=R-r\n",
-      "r2=k**2*r2_\n",
-      "p2=3*i**2*r2_\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "t=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance perphaseof therotor winding=\",r2,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"startingtorque=\",t,\"N-m\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance perphaseof therotor winding= 0.0222222222222 ohm\n",
-        "startingtorque= 305.6 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 158
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.51, Page Number:1295"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratios=1.6\n",
-      "ratiom=2.0\n",
-      "sf=0.01\n",
-      "sb=0.04\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=(ratios/sf)**0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"slip at full load=\",sf\n",
-      "print \"slip at maximum torque=\",sb\n",
-      "print \"rotor current=\",i"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "slip at full load= 0.01\n",
-        "slip at maximum torque= 0.04\n",
-        "rotor current= 12.6491106407\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 159
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.52, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200#km/h\n",
-      "f=100#Hz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "w=v*5.0/18/(2*f)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"pole pitch=\",w*1000,\"mm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "pole pitch= 277.777777778 mm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 162
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.53, Page Number:1297"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "w=6#mm\n",
-      "f=25#Hz\n",
-      "p=6#kW\n",
-      "loss=1.2#kW\n",
-      "v=2.4#m/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "vs=2*f*w/100\n",
-      "s=(vs-v)/vs\n",
-      "p2=p-loss\n",
-      "pcr=s*p2\n",
-      "pm=p2-pcr\n",
-      "f=p2*1000/vs\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"synchronous speed=\",vs,\"m/s\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s\n",
-      "print \"cu loss=\",pcr,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"thrust=\",f/1000,\"kN\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "synchronous speed= 3 m/s\n",
-        "slip= 0.2\n",
-        "cu loss= 0.96 kW\n",
-        "mechanical power= 3.84 kW\n",
-        "thrust= 1.6 kN\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.54, Page Number:1304"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "s=0.12\n",
-      "r=0.08#ohm/phase\n",
-      "pg=9000.0#W\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl=r*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "v=(pg*rl/3)**0.5\n",
-      "il=v/rl\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"load resistance=\",rl,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"load voltage=\",v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"load current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "load resistance= 0.586666666667 ohm\n",
-        "load voltage= 41.9523539268 V\n",
-        "load current= 71.5096941934 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 166
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.55, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "r1=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "xm=complex(0,28.5)#ohm\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "rl_=r2_*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "i2_=(v/3**0.5)/complex(r1+rl_,x1)\n",
-      "i0=(v/3**0.5)/xm\n",
-      "i1=i0+i2_\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"stator current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"power factor=\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "stator current= (74.5730253701-19.1783634605j) A\n",
-        "power factor= 0.968485280755\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 177
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.56, Page Number:1305"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "p=4\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "power=3.73#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.45#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "b0=-1.0/30\n",
-      "loss=50#W\n",
-      "lossr=150#W\n",
-      "s=0.04\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zab=complex(30*complex(r2_/s,x2_))/complex(r2_/s,x2_-1/b0)\n",
-      "z01=complex(r1,x1)+zab\n",
-      "vph=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i1=v1/z01\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i1.real**2*zab.real\n",
-      "pm=(1-s)*p2\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=ns*(1-s)\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pm/n\n",
-      "power_o=pm-lossr\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_loss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=power_o/(power_o+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"input current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"air gap power=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"mechanical power=\",pm,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"electro magnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output power=\",power_o,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "input current= (21.9914486234+42.6194245913j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.45854949826\n",
-        "air gap power= 5173.46132109 W\n",
-        "mechanical power= 4966.52286825 W\n",
-        "electro magnetic torque= 32.9377037443 N-m\n",
-        "output power= 4816.52286825 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 81.9644851937 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 184
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.57, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "f=50#Hz\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "r1=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "x1=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "r2_=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "x2_=0.44#ohm\n",
-      "loss=1250#W\n",
-      "lossr=1000#W\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "pf=0.09\n",
-      "s=0.03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2_=v1/complex(r1+r2_/s,x1+x2_)\n",
-      "i1=i2_+complex(1.78,19.9)\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "p2=3*i2_.real**2*r2_/s\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "tg=9.55*p2/ns\n",
-      "pm=p2*(1-s)\n",
-      "pout=pm-1000\n",
-      "cu_losss=3*i1.real**2*r1\n",
-      "cu_lossr=s*p2\n",
-      "total_loss=loss+cu_losss+cu_lossr+lossr\n",
-      "efficiency=pout/(pout+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"line current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"electromagnetic torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"output=\",pout,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "line current= (50.2750367599+11.9125821807j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.973057118792\n",
-        "electromagnetic torque= 224.593900377 N-m\n",
-        "output= 33218.2329894 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 89.0932246577 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 186
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.58, Page Number:1306"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.06,0.2)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.06,0.22)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r01=z.real+zr.real\n",
-      "x01=z.imag+zr.imag\n",
-      "z01=(r01**2+x01**2)**0.5\n",
-      "s=z.real/(z.real+z01)\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "pmax=3*v1**2/(2*(r01+z01))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum gross power=\",pmax,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"slip=\",s"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum gross power= 143676.459572 W\n",
-        "slip= 0.120771344025\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 188
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.59, Page Number:1307"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=115#V\n",
-      "f=60.0#Hz\n",
-      "p=6\n",
-      "z=complex(0.07,0.3)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.08,0.3)\n",
-      "gd=0.022#mho\n",
-      "bo=0.158#mho\n",
-      "s=0.02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "rl_=1/bo*(1/s-1)\n",
-      "z=complex(z.real+zr.real+rl_,0.6)\n",
-      "v=v1/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=complex(16,-2.36)\n",
-      "io=v*complex(gd,-bo)\n",
-      "i1=io+i2\n",
-      "pf=math.cos(math.atan(i1.imag/i1.real))\n",
-      "pg=3*abs(i2)**2*rl_/100\n",
-      "ns=120*f/p\n",
-      "n=(1-s)*ns\n",
-      "tg=9.55*pg/n\n",
-      "p2=3**0.5*v1*abs(i1)*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=pg*100/p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"pf=\",pf\n",
-      "print \"power output=\",pg,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"torque=\",tg,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"input=\",p2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary current= (16-2.36j) A\n",
-        "primary current= (17.460696181-12.8504543912j) A\n",
-        "pf= 0.805393212665\n",
-        "power output= 2433.59058228 W\n",
-        "torque= 19.7625765823 N-m\n",
-        "input= 3477.92348593 W\n",
-        "efficiency= 69.9725164204 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 34.60, Page Number:1308"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "z=complex(0.4,1)\n",
-      "zr=complex(0.6,1)\n",
-      "zm=complex(10.0,50.0)\n",
-      "s=0.05\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "sm=zr.real/(z.real**2+(z.imag+zr.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "v1=v/3**0.5\n",
-      "i2=v1/((z.real+zr.real)**2+(zr.imag+z.imag)**2)**0.5\n",
-      "tgmax=3*i2**2*z.real*60.0/(sm*2*3.14*1500)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"maximum torque=\",tgmax,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "maximum torque= 277.144160399 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_xKNxc2D.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_xKNxc2D.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ce13ea95..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_xKNxc2D.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:072a977ff7e7f41108f647b699866e16f58bf91b148a03cefc5a07bc1eeda05b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 30:Speed Control of D.C. Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.1, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "n=250#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "ra=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "ia2=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 320.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.2, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 828.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=80.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "r1=(n2*eb1*v)/(n*eb2*ish1)\n",
-      "r=r1-rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/r1\n",
-      "torque_ratio=ish2*ia2/(ish1*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torque=\",torque_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 68.9506880734 ohm\n",
-        "ratio of torque= 1.25411235955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/(rf+r)\n",
-      "ia2=ia*1/ish2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ish2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"new armature current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 2939.0 rpm\n",
-        "new armature current= 40.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.5, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rt=Symbol('rt')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=solve(((n2*eb1*(v/rt))/(n*(v-(ia*ra/(v/rt)))))-1,rt)\n",
-      "r=rt[0]-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 88.3128987990058 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.6, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=1+0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "x=solve((ratio*eb1/((v-ia*ra*x)*x))-1,x)\n",
-      "per=1-1/x[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"main flux has to be reduced by=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "main flux has to be reduced by= 37.2991677469778 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.7, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=10#kW\n",
-      "i=41#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rw=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio1=1-0.50\n",
-      "n=2500\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ratio1*ia1/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*(ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"motor speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 26.0 A\n",
-        "motor speed= 2987.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.8, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "n=850#rpm\n",
-      "ia=72.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "n2=1650#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=40#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ratio=(n*eb2)/(n2*eb1)\n",
-      "per=1-ratio\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 46.5636857585 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.9, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ia2=solve((((v-ra*ia2)*ia2)/(eb1*ratio*ia))-1,ia2)\n",
-      "per=ia/ia2[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mail flux should be reduced by=\",round(per,4)*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mail flux should be reduced by= 62.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.10, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=ratio*(v-ia*ra)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in the series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in the series= 5.25 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.11, Page Number:1036"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-i_f)*ra\n",
-      "kpsi=eb0/1000\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n1=eb1/kpsi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n1,1),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 966.2 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.12, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "i2=20#A\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb/n\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/(ia)-ra\n",
-      "eb3=v-i2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 1.15 ohm\n",
-        "speed= 922.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.13, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.48#kW\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=990#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2#A\n",
-      "n2=450#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "losses=input_p-load*1000\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "loss_nl=losses-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "eb1=v-20-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb1/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "total_loss=ia**2*(r+ra)+loss+loss_nl\n",
-      "output=input_p-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor input=\",input_p/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor input= 8.5 kW\n",
-        "armature current= 36.6363636364 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.93403113016 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 41.6691237902 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.14, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb1=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=990.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in series= 4.55353535354 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 83
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.15, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k2=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "rf1=v/if1\n",
-      "rf2=v/if2\n",
-      "r=rf2-rf1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 100.0 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.16, Page Number:1039"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=22.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k1=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "if2=n2*ia/n\n",
-      "ia2=solve(v-ra*ia2-(k1*ia*if1*n2)/ia2,ia2)\n",
-      "if2=ia*if1/ia2[0]\n",
-      "r=v/if2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new field resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new field resistance to be added= 306.828780053869 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.17, Page Number:1040"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "output=25#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-if1\n",
-      "il=ratio*ia\n",
-      "r=v/il\n",
-      "r_ext=r-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",round(r_ext,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 1.341 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.18, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=17.5#A\n",
-      "n2=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",round(r,1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 4.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.19, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ra=1.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=500#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4#A\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=26#A\n",
-      "r=2.3#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2_=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "n2__=n*eb2/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%=\",round(n2__),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected= 831.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%= 978.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.20, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=ia2=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia2/2\n",
-      "n3=n*(v-ia3*rt)/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 771.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.21, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=20#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=1.0/2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at half full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 550.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at half full-load torque= 588.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 137
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.22, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=30.0#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at double full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 427.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at double full-load torque= 317.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.23, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "n=750.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=250.0#N-m\n",
-      "r=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t1=load/(2*3.14*(n/60))\n",
-      "ia1=load/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*math.sqrt(t2/t1)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia1*n/(eb1*ia2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which machine will run=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which machine will run= 381.789716486 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.24, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=7.46*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2.0#A\n",
-      "n2=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=output/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-20-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "input_m=(v)*(ia2+ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_cu_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_loss-total_cu_loss\n",
-      "stray_loss2=stray_loss*n2/n\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia1**2*rt\n",
-      "total_loss2=stray_loss2+cu_loss_f+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "output2=input_m-total_loss2\n",
-      "efficiency=output2*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"overall efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 4460.66115702 W\n",
-        "armature current= 36.5330578512 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.42352222599 ohm\n",
-        "overall efficiency= 52.619059225 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.25, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=15.0#A\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "n2=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=((v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia)-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia/2\n",
-      "eb3=v-ia3*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 615.584415584 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.26, Page Number:1045"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "inl=3.5#A\n",
-      "il=59.5#A\n",
-      "rf=267.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2.0#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.02\n",
-      "speed_ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=inl-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra-vd\n",
-      "ia2=il-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-vd\n",
-      "n1_by_n2=eb1*(1-ratio)/eb2\n",
-      "per_change=(1-1/n1_by_n2)*100\n",
-      "r=solve(eb2*speed_ratio/(eb2-ia2*r)-1,r)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"change in speed=\",per_change,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r[0],\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "change in speed= 0.83357557339 %\n",
-        "resistance to be added= 3.33092370774547 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*(n2/n)**2\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resustance that must be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resustance that must be added= 1.32708333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "i_permissible=i*ratio\n",
-      "ia_per=i_permissible-ish\n",
-      "ra_total=v/ia_per\n",
-      "r_required=ra_total-ra\n",
-      "torque=ratio*ta\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_required,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed at starting=\",torque,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "net torque= 365.403326173 N-m\n",
-        "starting resistance= 0.913513513514 ohm\n",
-        "torque developed at starting= 548.104989259 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.29, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "rf=40.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=55.0#A\n",
-      "n=595.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.58#ohm\n",
-      "n2=630.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia_=15.0#A\n",
-      "rd=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ra1=r+ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra1*ia1\n",
-      "ia2=ia1\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*(n2/n)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia1\n",
-      "eb2_=v-ia_*ra1\n",
-      "n2=eb2_*n/eb1\n",
-      "eb3=eb1\n",
-      "IR=v-eb3-ia2*ra\n",
-      "pd=v-IR\n",
-      "i_d=pd/rd\n",
-      "i=ia2+i_d\n",
-      "R=IR/i\n",
-      "I=solve(rd*(I-ia_)-v+R*I,I)\n",
-      "eb4=v-R*I[0]-ia_*ra\n",
-      "n4=n*(eb4/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature circuit resistance should be reduced by=\",ra1-r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when Ia=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"value of series resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor current falls to 15A=\",n4,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature circuit resistance should be reduced by= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "speed when Ia= 668.5 rpm\n",
-        "value of series resistance= 0.344418052257 ohm\n",
-        "speed when motor current falls to 15A= 636.922222222222 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.31, Page Number:1051"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=math.sqrt(2*2**0.5*i**2)\n",
-      "n2=n*2*i/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n",
-        "current= 25.2268924576 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.32, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=707#rpm\n",
-      "ia1=100#A\n",
-      "v=85#V\n",
-      "rf=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ra_total=ra+(2*rf)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra_total\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**0.5\n",
-      "rf=rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)*(2*ia1/ia2)\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n/n2)*eb2))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1029.46885374 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.171040764009 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.33, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "R=v/ia-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at starting=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at 1000 rpm\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added at starting= 5.7 ohm\n",
-        "resistance to be added at 1000 rpm 1.9 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.34, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=20.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**(3.0/4.0)\n",
-      "n2=n*ratio*ia1/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 33.6358566101 A\n",
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.35, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=350.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia*(n2/n)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "V=solve((n2*eb1*ia2/(n*ia))+ia2-V,V)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage=\",V[0],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " current= 35.7142857143 A\n",
-        "voltage= 433.673469387755 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.36, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=10.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.70\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "r_total=ra+rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-r_total*ia\n",
-      "n2=(eb2*n/(eb1*ratio))\n",
-      "    \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1444.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.37, Page Number:1054"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=(ratio*2*ia**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/ia2)*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 777.147765122 rpm\n",
-        "speed= 69.2820323028 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.38, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#when divertor is added\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+4*r)\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*(ra+rd)/rd)**0.5\n",
-      "ra_=rd*ra/(ra+rd)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra_\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*3/(2*ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#rearranged field coils in two series and parallel group\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*2)**0.5\n",
-      "r=ra+r\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*r\n",
-      "n2_=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/(ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when divertor was added=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when field coils are rearranged=\",n2_,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when divertor was added= 1112.87640676 rpm\n",
-        "speed when field coils are rearranged= 1275.19533144 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.39, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "rf=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=20#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-il*(ra+rf/4)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(1/(1-ratio))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1162.92198261 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.40, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=200.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rd=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=ra+rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "i2=solve(((rd+rf)*i2**2)-(v*i2)-(i**2*rd),i2)\n",
-      "pd=v-i2[1]*rf\n",
-      "ia2=((rd+rf)*i2[1]-v)/rd\n",
-      "eb2=pd-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(i/i2[1])*n\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 342.848235418389 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.41, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "r=3#ohm\n",
-      "i2=15#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-(r+ra)*i2\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)/ratio\n",
-      "power_ratio=(n*i)/(n2*i2*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of power outputs=\",power_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 1349.65437788 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of power outputs= 1.48186086214\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.42, Page Number:1057"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "I=(i**2*ratio**3)**0.5\n",
-      "eb2=I*ratio*v/i\n",
-      "R=(v-eb2)/I\n",
-      "pa=v*i/1000\n",
-      "power_n=pa*ratio**4\n",
-      "pa=eb2*I\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resistance required=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Resistance required= 7.26432660412 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.44, Page Number:1060"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "n2=550#rpm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi1=eb1/n\n",
-      "eb2=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi2=eb2/n2\n",
-      "eb_=v-i*2*r\n",
-      "n=eb_/((eb1/n2)+(eb2/n))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 248.120300752 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.45, Page Number:1061"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ratio1=5.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "t=882#N-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "k=v/(n*i/60)\n",
-      "I=(t/((ratio1+ratio2)*0.159*k))**0.5\n",
-      "nsh=v/((ratio1+ratio2)*k*I)\n",
-      "eb1=ratio1*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "eb2=ratio2*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",I,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of shaft=\",round(nsh*60),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage across the motors=\",round(eb1),\"V,\",round(eb2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 49.5202984449 A\n",
-        "speed of shaft= 134.0 rpm\n",
-        "voltage across the motors= 139.0 V, 111.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.46, Page Number:1063"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "t=700#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.008#ohm\n",
-      "rf=55#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=375#N-m\n",
-      "n2=1050#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*t/60\n",
-      "power_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "im=power_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=im-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*t2/t\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=eb2/ia2-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"dynamic break resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "dynamic break resistance= 0.795525014538 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 118
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.47, Page Number:1064"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "n=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.746\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "eb=v-I*ra\n",
-      "vt=v+eb\n",
-      "i_max=2*I\n",
-      "r=vt/i_max\n",
-      "R=r-ra\n",
-      "N=n/60\n",
-      "phizp_by_a=eb/N\n",
-      "k4=phizp_by_a*v/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "k3=phizp_by_a**2/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "tb=k4+k3*N\n",
-      "tb0=k4\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"breaking resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque=\",tb,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque when N=0 =\",tb0,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "breaking resistance= 6.1 ohm\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque= 1028.3970276 N-m\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque when N=0 = 522.360394972 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.48, Page Number:1069"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=120#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "l=20*0.001#H\n",
-      "ka=0.05#V/rpm motor constant\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vt=ia*ra\n",
-      "alpha=vt/v\n",
-      "#when alpha=1\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "N=eb/ka\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"range of speed control=\",0,\"to\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"range of duty cycle=\",(alpha),\"to\",1"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " range of speed control= 0 to 2200.0 rpm\n",
-        "range of duty cycle= 0.0833333333333 to 1\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.49, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=ratio*i\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r_start=r1-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_start,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 2.78842716711 ohm\n",
-        "back emf= 66.6666666667 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 125
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.50, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r1=v/ia\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.812 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.215 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.815 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.546 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.366 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.246 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.51, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=6\n",
-      "load=3.73#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=output-load\n",
-      "cu_loss=total_loss*ratio\n",
-      "i=output*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-i1\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss*1000/ia**2\n",
-      "i_per=i*2\n",
-      "ia_per=i_per-i1\n",
-      "r1=v/ia_per\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.627 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.709 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.468 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.309 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.52, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "load=36.775#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.05\n",
-      "rsh=200#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=input_m*ratio\n",
-      "cu_loss_sh=v**2/rsh\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=cu_loss-cu_loss_sh\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss_a/ia**2\n",
-      "k=(v/(ia*ra))**(1.0/(n))\n",
-      "i1=k*ia\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.974 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.36 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.219 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.133 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.0 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.081 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.53, Page Number:1082"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.125#ohm\n",
-      "i2=150.0#A\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve((i1/i2)**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r6/k\n",
-      "r8=r7/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-r8\n",
-      "p8=r8-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 8th section=\",round(p8,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.313 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.234 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.176 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.132 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.099 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.056 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 8th section= 0.042 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.54, Page Number:1083"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=20\n",
-      "ra=1.31#ohm\n",
-      "t=218#N-m\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "slot=60\n",
-      "phi=23*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=t/(0.159*phi*slot*z)\n",
-      "i1=ia*ratio\n",
-      "i2=ia\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve(k**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 2.237 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.491 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.994 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.678 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.55, Page Number:1084"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "drop=0.02\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "i_per=1.30\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=i_per*il\n",
-      "vd=drop*v\n",
-      "rm=vd/il\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r=(r1-rm)/6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of each rheostat=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of each rheostat= 0.615721729566 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 165
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.56, Page Number:1085"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=55.95#kW\n",
-      "v=650.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.51#ohm\n",
-      "i1=140.0#A\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "per=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=((per+1)/ratio-per)*r1\n",
-      "r3=(per+1)*r2/ratio-per*r1\n",
-      "r4=((per+1)*r3/ratio)-per*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"number of steps=\",3\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "number of steps= 3\n",
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.364 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 1.17 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 170
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ye04nNO.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ye04nNO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ce13ea95..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_ye04nNO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:072a977ff7e7f41108f647b699866e16f58bf91b148a03cefc5a07bc1eeda05b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 30:Speed Control of D.C. Motors"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.1, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "n=250#rpm\n",
-      "ia=200#A\n",
-      "ra=0.12#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "ia2=100#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 320.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.2, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ia=50#A\n",
-      "n=750#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 828.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1032"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=800#rpm\n",
-      "ia=50.0#A\n",
-      "n2=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=80.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "r1=(n2*eb1*v)/(n*eb2*ish1)\n",
-      "r=r1-rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/r1\n",
-      "torque_ratio=ish2*ia2/(ish1*ia)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of torque=\",torque_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 68.9506880734 ohm\n",
-        "ratio of torque= 1.25411235955\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.3, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "r=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ish2=v/(rf+r)\n",
-      "ia2=ia*1/ish2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ish2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"new armature current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 2939.0 rpm\n",
-        "new armature current= 40.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.5, Page Number:1033"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rt=Symbol('rt')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250.0#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=solve(((n2*eb1*(v/rt))/(n*(v-(ia*ra/(v/rt)))))-1,rt)\n",
-      "r=rt[0]-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 88.3128987990058 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.6, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "x=Symbol('x')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=1+0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "x=solve((ratio*eb1/((v-ia*ra*x)*x))-1,x)\n",
-      "per=1-1/x[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print\"main flux has to be reduced by=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "main flux has to be reduced by= 37.2991677469778 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 38
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.7, Page Number:1034"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=10#kW\n",
-      "i=41#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rw=0.05#ohm\n",
-      "ri=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=110#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "r=1#ohm\n",
-      "ratio1=1-0.50\n",
-      "n=2500\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ratio1*ia1/ratio\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*(ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra+ri+rw)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/(eb1*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"motor speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature current= 26.0 A\n",
-        "motor speed= 2987.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.8, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "load=15#kW\n",
-      "n=850#rpm\n",
-      "ia=72.2#A\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100#ohm\n",
-      "n2=1650#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=40#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "ratio=(n*eb2)/(n2*eb1)\n",
-      "per=1-ratio\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"percentage reduction=\",per*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "percentage reduction= 46.5636857585 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.9, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ia2=solve((((v-ra*ia2)*ia2)/(eb1*ratio*ia))-1,ia2)\n",
-      "per=ia/ia2[0]\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"mail flux should be reduced by=\",round(per,4)*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "mail flux should be reduced by= 62.7 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.10, Page Number:1035"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=ratio*(v-ia*ra)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in the series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in the series= 5.25 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.11, Page Number:1036"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=8#A\n",
-      "i_f=1#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=250#ohm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb0=v-(ia-i_f)*ra\n",
-      "kpsi=eb0/1000\n",
-      "ia=i-i_f\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "n1=eb1/kpsi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n1,1),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 966.2 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.12, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240#V\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ia=40#A\n",
-      "n2=800#rpm\n",
-      "i2=20#A\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb/n\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/(ia)-ra\n",
-      "eb3=v-i2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "additional resistance= 1.15 ohm\n",
-        "speed= 922.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.13, Page Number:1037"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.48#kW\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "n=990#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2#A\n",
-      "n2=450#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "losses=input_p-load*1000\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "loss=v*ish\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia**2*ra\n",
-      "loss_nl=losses-cu_loss-loss\n",
-      "eb1=v-20-(ia*ra)\n",
-      "eb2=n2*eb1/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "total_loss=ia**2*(r+ra)+loss+loss_nl\n",
-      "output=input_p-total_loss\n",
-      "efficiency=output/(input_p)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor input=\",input_p/1000,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor input= 8.5 kW\n",
-        "armature current= 36.6363636364 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.93403113016 ohm\n",
-        "efficiency= 41.6691237902 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 81
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.14, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "eb1=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=990.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance required in series=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance required in series= 4.55353535354 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 83
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.15, Page Number:1038"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k2=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "rf1=v/if1\n",
-      "rf2=v/if2\n",
-      "r=rf2-rf1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added= 100.0 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 90
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.16, Page Number:1039"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ia2=Symbol('ia2')\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "rf=200.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia=22.0#A\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "k1=eb1/(if1*n)\n",
-      "if2=n*if1/n2\n",
-      "if2=n2*ia/n\n",
-      "ia2=solve(v-ra*ia2-(k1*ia*if1*n2)/ia2,ia2)\n",
-      "if2=ia*if1/ia2[0]\n",
-      "r=v/if2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new field resistance to be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new field resistance to be added= 306.828780053869 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.17, Page Number:1040"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "output=25#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=125#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_p=output*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "i=input_p/v\n",
-      "if1=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-if1\n",
-      "il=ratio*ia\n",
-      "r=v/il\n",
-      "r_ext=r-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",round(r_ext,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 1.341 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 105
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.18, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=17.5#A\n",
-      "n2=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.4#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be inserted=\",round(r,1),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be inserted= 4.4 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 111
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.19, Page Number:1042"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "ra=1.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=500#ohm\n",
-      "ia=4#A\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "i=26#A\n",
-      "r=2.3#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=ia-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=i-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2_=n*eb2/eb1\n",
-      "n2__=n*eb2/(eb1*(1-ratio))\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%=\",round(n2__),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when resistance 2.3 ohm is connected= 831.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed when shunt field is reduced by 15%= 978.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 113
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.20, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=ia2=20.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n2=500.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia2/2\n",
-      "n3=n*(v-ia3*rt)/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n3),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 771.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.21, Page Number:1043"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=20#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=1.0/2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at half full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 550.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at half full-load torque= 588.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 137
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.22, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra1=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=30.0#A\n",
-      "r=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra1\n",
-      "ra2=r+ra1\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2=eb2*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#torque is half the full-load torque\n",
-      "ia2=2.0*ia1\n",
-      "eb22=v-ia2*ra2\n",
-      "n2_=eb22*n/eb1\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at full load torque=\",round(n2),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed at double full-load torque=\",round(n2_),\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at full load torque= 427.0 rpm\n",
-        "speed at double full-load torque= 317.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 142
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.23, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3*1000#W\n",
-      "v=500.0#V\n",
-      "n=750.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=250.0#N-m\n",
-      "r=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "t1=load/(2*3.14*(n/60))\n",
-      "ia1=load/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*math.sqrt(t2/t1)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n2=eb2*ia1*n/(eb1*ia2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed at which machine will run=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed at which machine will run= 381.789716486 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.24, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "output=7.46*1000#W\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=900.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "ra=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "ish=2.0#A\n",
-      "n2=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=output/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "ia2=ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-20-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "input_m=(v)*(ia2+ish)\n",
-      "total_loss=input_m-output\n",
-      "cu_loss=ia2**2*ra\n",
-      "cu_loss_f=v*ish\n",
-      "total_cu_loss=cu_loss+cu_loss_f\n",
-      "stray_loss=total_loss-total_cu_loss\n",
-      "stray_loss2=stray_loss*n2/n\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=ia1**2*rt\n",
-      "total_loss2=stray_loss2+cu_loss_f+cu_loss_a\n",
-      "output2=input_m-total_loss2\n",
-      "efficiency=output2*100/input_m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"motor output=\",output2,\"W\"\n",
-      "print \"armature current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"external resistance=\",r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"overall efficiency=\",efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "motor output= 4460.66115702 W\n",
-        "armature current= 36.5330578512 A\n",
-        "external resistance= 2.42352222599 ohm\n",
-        "overall efficiency= 52.619059225 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 175
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.25, Page Number:1044"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=15.0#A\n",
-      "n=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "n2=400.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=((v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia)-ra\n",
-      "ia3=ia/2\n",
-      "eb3=v-ia3*(r+ra)\n",
-      "n3=eb3*n/eb1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n3,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 615.584415584 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 187
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.26, Page Number:1045"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "inl=3.5#A\n",
-      "il=59.5#A\n",
-      "rf=267.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "vd=2.0#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.02\n",
-      "speed_ratio=0.50\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=inl-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra-vd\n",
-      "ia2=il-ish\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra-vd\n",
-      "n1_by_n2=eb1*(1-ratio)/eb2\n",
-      "per_change=(1-1/n1_by_n2)*100\n",
-      "r=solve(eb2*speed_ratio/(eb2-ia2*r)-1,r)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"change in speed=\",per_change,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added=\",r[0],\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "change in speed= 0.83357557339 %\n",
-        "resistance to be added= 3.33092370774547 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.27, Page Number:1046"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaraion\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "i=50.0#A\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=800.0#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=100.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*(n2/n)**2\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra\n",
-      "rt=(v-(n2*eb1/n))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resustance that must be added=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resustance that must be added= 1.32708333333 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.28, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rf=115#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "tsh=9.55*load*1000/n\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "ta=9.55*eb*ia/n\n",
-      "i_permissible=i*ratio\n",
-      "ia_per=i_permissible-ish\n",
-      "ra_total=v/ia_per\n",
-      "r_required=ra_total-ra\n",
-      "torque=ratio*ta\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"net torque=\",ta,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_required,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"torque developed at starting=\",torque,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "net torque= 365.403326173 N-m\n",
-        "starting resistance= 0.913513513514 ohm\n",
-        "torque developed at starting= 548.104989259 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.29, Page Number:1047"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "I=Symbol('I')\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "rf=40.0#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "i=55.0#A\n",
-      "n=595.0#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.58#ohm\n",
-      "n2=630.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia_=15.0#A\n",
-      "rd=5.0#ohm\n",
-      "ia2=50.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=i-ish\n",
-      "ra1=r+ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ra1*ia1\n",
-      "ia2=ia1\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*(n2/n)\n",
-      "r=(v-eb2)/ia1\n",
-      "eb2_=v-ia_*ra1\n",
-      "n2=eb2_*n/eb1\n",
-      "eb3=eb1\n",
-      "IR=v-eb3-ia2*ra\n",
-      "pd=v-IR\n",
-      "i_d=pd/rd\n",
-      "i=ia2+i_d\n",
-      "R=IR/i\n",
-      "I=solve(rd*(I-ia_)-v+R*I,I)\n",
-      "eb4=v-R*I[0]-ia_*ra\n",
-      "n4=n*(eb4/eb1)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"armature circuit resistance should be reduced by=\",ra1-r,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when Ia=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"value of series resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when motor current falls to 15A=\",n4,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "armature circuit resistance should be reduced by= 0.2 ohm\n",
-        "speed when Ia= 668.5 rpm\n",
-        "value of series resistance= 0.344418052257 ohm\n",
-        "speed when motor current falls to 15A= 636.922222222222 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 36
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.31, Page Number:1051"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=15#A\n",
-      "n=600#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=math.sqrt(2*2**0.5*i**2)\n",
-      "n2=n*2*i/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n",
-        "current= 25.2268924576 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 37
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.32, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=707#rpm\n",
-      "ia1=100#A\n",
-      "v=85#V\n",
-      "rf=0.03#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.04#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ra_total=ra+(2*rf)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra_total\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**0.5\n",
-      "rf=rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)*(2*ia1/ia2)\n",
-      "rt=(v-((n/n2)*eb2))/ia2\n",
-      "r=rt-ra-rf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"additional resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1029.46885374 rpm\n",
-        "additional resistance= 0.171040764009 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.33, Page Number:1052"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#varable declaration\n",
-      "v=240.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "n=1500.0#rpm\n",
-      "n2=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "R=v/ia-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "r=(v-((n2/n)*eb1))/ia-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at starting=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance to be added at 1000 rpm\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance to be added at starting= 5.7 ohm\n",
-        "resistance to be added at 1000 rpm 1.9 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 49
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.34, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=600.0#rpm\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ia1=20.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=2.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*2**(3.0/4.0)\n",
-      "n2=n*ratio*ia1/ia2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 33.6358566101 A\n",
-        "speed= 713.524269002 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.35, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "V=Symbol('V')\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "n=350.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=25.0#A\n",
-      "n2=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia2=ia*(n2/n)\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "V=solve((n2*eb1*ia2/(n*ia))+ia2-V,V)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \" current=\",ia2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage=\",V[0],\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " current= 35.7142857143 A\n",
-        "voltage= 433.673469387755 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.36, Page Number:1053"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "ia=20.0#A\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i=20.0#A\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "i_f=10.0#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.70\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-(ra+rf)*ia\n",
-      "r_total=ra+rf/2\n",
-      "eb2=v-r_total*ia\n",
-      "n2=(eb2*n/(eb1*ratio))\n",
-      "    \n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",round(n2),\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1444.0 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 61
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.37, Page Number:1054"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=200.0#V\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=700.0#rpm\n",
-      "ratio=0.50+1\n",
-      "ra=0.15#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ia2=(ratio*2*ia**2)**0.5\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/ia2)*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",ia2,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 777.147765122 rpm\n",
-        "speed= 69.2820323028 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.38, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "n=900#rpm\n",
-      "r=0.025#ohm\n",
-      "ra=0.1#ohm\n",
-      "rd=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "#when divertor is added\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia*(ra+4*r)\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*(ra+rd)/rd)**0.5\n",
-      "ra_=rd*ra/(ra+rd)\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*ra_\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*3/(2*ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#rearranged field coils in two series and parallel group\n",
-      "ia2=(ia**2*2)**0.5\n",
-      "r=ra+r\n",
-      "eb2=v-ia2*r\n",
-      "n2_=(eb2/eb1)*(ia*2/(ia2))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed when divertor was added=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"speed when field coils are rearranged=\",n2_,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed when divertor was added= 1112.87640676 rpm\n",
-        "speed when field coils are rearranged= 1275.19533144 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.39, Page Number:1055"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=230.0#V\n",
-      "n=1000.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=12.0#A\n",
-      "rf=0.8#ohm\n",
-      "ra=1.0#ohm\n",
-      "il=20#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*(ra+rf)\n",
-      "eb2=v-il*(ra+rf/4)\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(1/(1-ratio))*n\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 1162.92198261 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.40, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i2=Symbol('i2')\n",
-      "v=200.0#v\n",
-      "n=500.0#rpm\n",
-      "i=25.0#A\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "rf=0.6#ohm\n",
-      "rd=10.0#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r=ra+rf\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "i2=solve(((rd+rf)*i2**2)-(v*i2)-(i**2*rd),i2)\n",
-      "pd=v-i2[1]*rf\n",
-      "ia2=((rd+rf)*i2[1]-v)/rd\n",
-      "eb2=pd-ia2*ra\n",
-      "n2=(eb2/eb1)*(i/i2[1])*n\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n2,\"rpm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 342.848235418389 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 97
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.41, Page Number:1056"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "ra=0.3#ohm\n",
-      "i=20#A\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "r=3#ohm\n",
-      "i2=15#A\n",
-      "ratio=0.80\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*ra\n",
-      "eb2=v-(r+ra)*i2\n",
-      "n2=n*(eb2/eb1)/ratio\n",
-      "power_ratio=(n*i)/(n2*i2*ratio)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"new speed=\",n2,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"ratio of power outputs=\",power_ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "new speed= 1349.65437788 rpm\n",
-        "ratio of power outputs= 1.48186086214\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 99
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.42, Page Number:1057"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=460#V\n",
-      "ratio=1-0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "I=(i**2*ratio**3)**0.5\n",
-      "eb2=I*ratio*v/i\n",
-      "R=(v-eb2)/I\n",
-      "pa=v*i/1000\n",
-      "power_n=pa*ratio**4\n",
-      "pa=eb2*I\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Resistance required=\",R,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Resistance required= 7.26432660412 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 103
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.44, Page Number:1060"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=500#rpm\n",
-      "n2=550#rpm\n",
-      "i=50#A\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "r=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi1=eb1/n\n",
-      "eb2=v-i*r\n",
-      "kphi2=eb2/n2\n",
-      "eb_=v-i*2*r\n",
-      "n=eb_/((eb1/n2)+(eb2/n))\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"speed=\",n,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed= 248.120300752 rpm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.45, Page Number:1061"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=14.92#kW\n",
-      "v=250#V\n",
-      "n=1000#rpm\n",
-      "ratio1=5.0\n",
-      "ratio2=4.0\n",
-      "t=882#N-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/v\n",
-      "k=v/(n*i/60)\n",
-      "I=(t/((ratio1+ratio2)*0.159*k))**0.5\n",
-      "nsh=v/((ratio1+ratio2)*k*I)\n",
-      "eb1=ratio1*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "eb2=ratio2*k*I*nsh\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current=\",I,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"speed of shaft=\",round(nsh*60),\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"voltage across the motors=\",round(eb1),\"V,\",round(eb2),\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current= 49.5202984449 A\n",
-        "speed of shaft= 134.0 rpm\n",
-        "voltage across the motors= 139.0 V, 111.0 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 117
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.46, Page Number:1063"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220#V\n",
-      "t=700#N-m\n",
-      "n=1200#rpm\n",
-      "ra=0.008#ohm\n",
-      "rf=55#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.90\n",
-      "t2=375#N-m\n",
-      "n2=1050#rpm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=2*3.14*n*t/60\n",
-      "power_m=output/efficiency\n",
-      "im=power_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rf\n",
-      "ia1=im-ish\n",
-      "eb1=v-ia1*ra\n",
-      "ia2=ia1*t2/t\n",
-      "eb2=eb1*n2/n\n",
-      "r=eb2/ia2-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"dynamic break resistance=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "dynamic break resistance= 0.795525014538 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 118
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.47, Page Number:1064"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=18.65#kW\n",
-      "n=450.0#rpm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.746\n",
-      "ra=0.2#ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(efficiency*v)\n",
-      "eb=v-I*ra\n",
-      "vt=v+eb\n",
-      "i_max=2*I\n",
-      "r=vt/i_max\n",
-      "R=r-ra\n",
-      "N=n/60\n",
-      "phizp_by_a=eb/N\n",
-      "k4=phizp_by_a*v/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "k3=phizp_by_a**2/(2*3.14*r)\n",
-      "tb=k4+k3*N\n",
-      "tb0=k4\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"breaking resistance=\",R,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque=\",tb,\"N-m\"\n",
-      "print \"maximum breaking torque when N=0 =\",tb0,\"N-m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "breaking resistance= 6.1 ohm\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque= 1028.3970276 N-m\n",
-        "maximum breaking torque when N=0 = 522.360394972 N-m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.48, Page Number:1069"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=120#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "l=20*0.001#H\n",
-      "ka=0.05#V/rpm motor constant\n",
-      "ia=20#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vt=ia*ra\n",
-      "alpha=vt/v\n",
-      "#when alpha=1\n",
-      "eb=v-ia*ra\n",
-      "N=eb/ka\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"range of speed control=\",0,\"to\",N,\"rpm\"\n",
-      "print \"range of duty cycle=\",(alpha),\"to\",1"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " range of speed control= 0 to 2200.0 rpm\n",
-        "range of duty cycle= 0.0833333333333 to 1\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 124
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.49, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=7.46#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "efficiency=0.85\n",
-      "ra=0.25#ohm\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "i=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=ratio*i\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r_start=r1-ra\n",
-      "eb1=v-i*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"starting resistance=\",r_start,\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"back emf=\",eb1,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "starting resistance= 2.78842716711 ohm\n",
-        "back emf= 66.6666666667 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 125
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.50, Page Number:1080"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=220.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.5#ohm\n",
-      "ia=40.0#A\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "r1=v/ia\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.812 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.215 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.815 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.546 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.366 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.246 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 132
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.51, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=6\n",
-      "load=3.73#kW\n",
-      "v=200#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.50\n",
-      "i1=0.6#A\n",
-      "efficiency=0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "output=load/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=output-load\n",
-      "cu_loss=total_loss*ratio\n",
-      "i=output*1000/v\n",
-      "ia=i-i1\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss*1000/ia**2\n",
-      "i_per=i*2\n",
-      "ia_per=i_per-i1\n",
-      "r1=v/ia_per\n",
-      "k=(r1/ra)**(1.0/(n-1))\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.627 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.709 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.468 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.309 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 146
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.52, Page Number:1081"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=7\n",
-      "load=36.775#kW\n",
-      "v=400#V\n",
-      "ratio=0.05\n",
-      "rsh=200#ohm\n",
-      "efficiency=0.92\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "input_m=load*1000/efficiency\n",
-      "cu_loss=input_m*ratio\n",
-      "cu_loss_sh=v**2/rsh\n",
-      "cu_loss_a=cu_loss-cu_loss_sh\n",
-      "i=input_m/v\n",
-      "ish=v/rsh\n",
-      "ia=i-ish\n",
-      "ra=cu_loss_a/ia**2\n",
-      "k=(v/(ia*ra))**(1.0/(n))\n",
-      "i1=k*ia\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r5/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.974 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.36 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.219 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.133 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.0 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.081 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 157
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.53, Page Number:1082"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "ra=0.125#ohm\n",
-      "i2=150.0#A\n",
-      "i1=200.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve((i1/i2)**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "r5=r4/k\n",
-      "r6=r5/k\n",
-      "r7=r6/k\n",
-      "r8=r7/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-r5\n",
-      "p5=r5-r6\n",
-      "p6=r6-r7\n",
-      "p7=r7-r8\n",
-      "p8=r8-ra\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 5th section=\",round(p5,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 6th section=\",round(p6,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 7th section=\",round(p7,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 8th section=\",round(p8,3),\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 0.313 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 0.234 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.176 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.132 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 5th section= 0.099 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 6th section= 0.074 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 7th section= 0.056 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 8th section= 0.042 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.54, Page Number:1083"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "from sympy.solvers import solve\n",
-      "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "n=Symbol('n')\n",
-      "v=500#V\n",
-      "z=20\n",
-      "ra=1.31#ohm\n",
-      "t=218#N-m\n",
-      "ratio=1.5\n",
-      "slot=60\n",
-      "phi=23*0.001#Wb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ia=t/(0.159*phi*slot*z)\n",
-      "i1=ia*ratio\n",
-      "i2=ia\n",
-      "k=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "n=solve(k**(n-1)-(r1/ra),n)\n",
-      "r2=r1/k\n",
-      "r3=r2/k\n",
-      "r4=r3/k\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "p4=r4-ra\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 4th section=\",round(p4,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of 1st section= 2.237 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.491 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 0.994 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 4th section= 0.678 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 164
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.55, Page Number:1084"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=37.3#kW\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "drop=0.02\n",
-      "efficiency=0.95\n",
-      "i_per=1.30\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(v*efficiency)\n",
-      "i1=i_per*il\n",
-      "vd=drop*v\n",
-      "rm=vd/il\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r=(r1-rm)/6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"resistance of each rheostat=\",r,\"ohm\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "resistance of each rheostat= 0.615721729566 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 165
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 30.56, Page Number:1085"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=55.95#kW\n",
-      "v=650.0#V\n",
-      "r=0.51#ohm\n",
-      "i1=140.0#A\n",
-      "i2=100.0#A\n",
-      "per=0.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "ratio=i1/i2\n",
-      "r1=v/i1\n",
-      "r2=((per+1)/ratio-per)*r1\n",
-      "r3=(per+1)*r2/ratio-per*r1\n",
-      "r4=((per+1)*r3/ratio)-per*r1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "p1=r1-r2\n",
-      "p2=r2-r3\n",
-      "p3=r3-r4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"number of steps=\",3\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 1st section=\",round(p1,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 2nd section=\",round(p2,3),\"ohm\"\n",
-      "print \"resistance of 3rd section=\",round(p3,3),\"ohm\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "number of steps= 3\n",
-        "resistance of 1st section= 1.592 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 2nd section= 1.364 ohm\n",
-        "resistance of 3rd section= 1.17 ohm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 170
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_zy8Cvqw.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_zy8Cvqw.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cee05..00000000
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electrical_Technology_AC_and_DC_Machines_by_A_K_Theraja_B_L_Thereja/chap_zy8Cvqw.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1433 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:62e227cc38186a0706017dd159987c82bd21be1d7e8602e20c55cf079ab30efe"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 33: Transformer:Three Phase"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.1, Page Number:1216"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "p=3\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vd=22000.0#V\n",
-      "vs=400.0#V\n",
-      "phi=0.8\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calcuations\n",
-      "v_phase_secondary=vs/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=(vs/vd)/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_primary=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i_secondary=i_primary/K\n",
-      "il=i_secondary\n",
-      "output=math.sqrt(3)*il*vs*phi\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Output=\",output/10000,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Output= 15.2420471066 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.2, Page Number:1217"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=500.0#kVA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "vls=11.0#kV\n",
-      "vld=33.0#kV\n",
-      "rh=35.0#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.876#ohm\n",
-      "iron_loss=3050.0#W\n",
-      "phi1=1.0\n",
-      "phi2=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "\n",
-      "K=(vls*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vld*1000)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i_Secondary=(w*1000)/(math.sqrt(3)*vls*1000)\n",
-      "#full load\n",
-      "fl_culoss=3*((w/(vls*math.sqrt(3)))**2)*r02\n",
-      "fl_totalloss=fl_culoss+iron_loss\n",
-      "fl_efficiency1=w*1000/(w*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "fl_efficiency2=(phi2*w*1000)/(w*phi2*1000+fl_totalloss)\n",
-      "#half load\n",
-      "cu_loss=.5**2*fl_culoss\n",
-      "totalloss=cu_loss+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency1=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000*phi2/2)/((phi2*w*1000/2)+totalloss)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",fl_efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",fl_efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 1=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8=\",round(efficiency2*100),\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.5147491838 %\n",
-        "full load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.1503046336 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 1= 98.3585709725 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency at p.f. 0.8= 98.0 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.3, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=0.02\n",
-      "va=2000\n",
-      "reactance=0.1\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "cu_loss=r*100*va/100\n",
-      "regn=r*100*math.cos(phi)+reactance*100*math.sin(phi)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Cu loss=\",cu_loss,\"kW\"\n",
-      "print \"Regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Cu loss= 40.0 kW\n",
-        "Regulation= 7.6 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 39
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.4, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=120.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6000.0\n",
-      "v2=400.0\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "iron_loss=1600.0#W\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "cu_loss_fl=iron_loss*((4/3)**2)\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf*1000\n",
-      "total_loss=iron_loss+cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "efficiency1=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "cu_loss_hl=0.5**2*cu_loss_fl\n",
-      "total_loss2=cu_loss_hl+iron_loss\n",
-      "efficiency2=(w*1000/2)/((w*1000/2)+total_loss2)\n",
-      "total_loss3=2*iron_loss\n",
-      "output=(3.0/4)*w*1000\n",
-      "inpt=output+total_loss3\n",
-      "efficiency=output/inpt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"full load efficiency=\",efficiency1*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"half load efficiency=\",efficiency2*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"3/4 load efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "half load efficiency= 96.7741935484 %\n",
-        "3/4 load efficiency= 96.5665236052 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.5, Page Number:1218"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "rp=8.0#ohm\n",
-      "rs=0.08#ohm\n",
-      "z=0.07\n",
-      "pf=0.75\n",
-      "v1=33.0\n",
-      "v2=6.6\n",
-      "w=2*10.0**6\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "fl_i=w/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*10**3)\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rs+(rp*(K*K))\n",
-      "z_drop=z*v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z02=z_drop/fl_i\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt((z02*z02)-(r02*r02))\n",
-      "drop=fl_i*(r02*math.cos(phi)+x02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2*1000/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "V2=secondary_v-drop\n",
-      "line_v=V2*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "regn=drop*100/secondary_v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"secondary voltage\",line_v,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"regulation=\",regn,\"%\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "secondary voltage 6254.29059005 V\n",
-        "regulation= 5.23802136291 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.6, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=100.0#kWA\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "v1=3300.0#V\n",
-      "v2=400.0#V\n",
-      "rh=3.5#ohm\n",
-      "rl=0.02#ohm\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "efficiency=0.958\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "output=0.8*100\n",
-      "inpt=output/efficiency\n",
-      "total_loss=(inpt-output)*1000\n",
-      "K=v2/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "r02=rl+K**2*rh\n",
-      "i2=((w*1000)/math.sqrt(3))/v2\n",
-      "cu_loss=3*i2**2*r02\n",
-      "iron_loss=total_loss-cu_loss\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ironloss=\",iron_loss,\"W\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "0.0371411080502\n",
-        "2321.31925314\n",
-        "ironloss= 1185.98763622 W\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 75
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.7, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=5000.0#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6.6#kV\n",
-      "v2=33.0#kV\n",
-      "nl=15.0#kW\n",
-      "fl=50.0#kW\n",
-      "drop=0.07\n",
-      "load=3200.0#kw\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i2=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*1000)\n",
-      "impedence_drop=drop*(v2/math.sqrt(3))*1000\n",
-      "z02=impedence_drop/i2\n",
-      "cu_loss=fl-nl\n",
-      "r02=cu_loss*1000/(3*i2**2)\n",
-      "x02=math.sqrt(z02**2-r02**2)\n",
-      "print \"full-load x02:\",x02\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#when load=3200#kW\n",
-      "i2=load/(math.sqrt(3)*v2*0.8)\n",
-      "drop_=drop*1000*(r02*math.cos(phi)+z02*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "regn=(drop_*100)/(v2*1000/math.sqrt(3))\n",
-      "vp=v1+regn/100*v1\n",
-      "print \"Primary voltage=\",vp*1000,\"V\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "full-load x02: 15.1695784661\n",
-        "Primary voltage= 6851.39317975 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 95
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.8, Page Number:1219"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "r=1\n",
-      "x=6\n",
-      "v=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=4800#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)+z*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "secondary_v=v2+regn/100*v2\n",
-      "secondary_vp=secondary_v/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "K=secondary_vp/v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Transformation Ratio=\",K"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Transformation Ratio= 0.423426587968\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 96
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.9, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600#V\n",
-      "v2=400#V\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "scv=400#V\n",
-      "sci=175#A\n",
-      "scw=17#kW\n",
-      "ocv=400#V\n",
-      "oci=150#A\n",
-      "ocw=15#kW\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "i1=sci/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "z01=scv/i1\n",
-      "r01=scw*1000/(3*i1*i1)\n",
-      "x01=math.sqrt(z01**2-r01**2)\n",
-      "r=i1*r01*100/v1\n",
-      "x=i1*x01*100/v1\n",
-      "regn=(r*math.cos(phi)-x*math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "I1=w*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v1)\n",
-      "total_loss=scw+ocw\n",
-      "fl_output=w*pf\n",
-      "efficiency=fl_output/(fl_output+total_loss)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"% resistance=\",r,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% reactance=\",x,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"% efficiency=\",efficiency*100,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"%regulation=\",regn,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "% resistance= 0.849779616989 %\n",
-        "% reactance= 6.00073499035 %\n",
-        "% efficiency= 98.0392156863 %\n",
-        "%regulation= -2.92061730062 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 109
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.10, Page Number:1220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=11000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "i=5.0#A\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "secondary_rating=v2/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "primary_i=i/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "voltsamps=v1*5/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "i2=voltsamps/secondary_rating\n",
-      "output=pf*voltsamps/1000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Each coil current=\",i2,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Total output=\",output,\"kW\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Each coil current= 125.0 A\n",
-        "Total output= 25.4034118443 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 116
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.12, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_per_transformer=load/2*1.15\n",
-      "delta_delta_rating=kVA_per_transformer*3\n",
-      "increase=(delta_delta_rating-load)*100/load\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"increase=\",increase,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "increase= 72.5 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 126
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.13, Page Number:1224"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=20#kVA\n",
-      "v1=2300#v\n",
-      "v2=230#V\n",
-      "load=40#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kva_load=load/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "percent_rated=kva_load*100/w\n",
-      "kvarating_vv=2*w*0.866\n",
-      "vv_delta=kvarating_vv*100/60\n",
-      "percentage_increase=kva_load/(load/3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"i)kVA load of each transformer=\",kva_load,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer=\",percent_rated,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank\",kvarating_vv,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank\",vv_delta,\"%\"\n",
-      "print \"v)percent increase in load=\",percentage_increase*100,\"%\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "i)kVA load of each transformer= 23.0940107676 kVA\n",
-        "ii)per cent of rated load carried by each transformer= 115.470053838 %\n",
-        "iii)total kVA rating of the V-V bank 34.64 kVA\n",
-        "iv)ratio of the v-v bank to delta-delta bank 57.7333333333 %\n",
-        "v)percent increase in load= 177.646236674 %\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.14, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=150.0#kW\n",
-      "v1=1000.0#V\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=2000.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(pf*math.sqrt(3)*1000)\n",
-      "ip=il/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "ratio=v1/v\n",
-      "ip=ip*ratio\n",
-      "I=il\n",
-      "Ip=I*ratio\n",
-      "pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"delta-delta:current in the windings=\",ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"v-v:current in the windings=\",Ip,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"Power factor\",pf"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "delta-delta:current in the windings= 28.8683602771 A\n",
-        "v-v:current in the windings= 50.0014667312 A\n",
-        "Power factor 0.749956\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 133
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.15, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=3000#kW\n",
-      "v=11#kV\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "I=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "transformer_pf=86.6/100*pf\n",
-      "additional_load=72.5/100*load\n",
-      "total_load=additional_load+load\n",
-      "il=total_load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v*1000*pf)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Il=\",il,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"phase current=\",il/math.sqrt(3),\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Il= 339.521323075 A\n",
-        "phase current= 196.022727273 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 134
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.16, Page Number:1225"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "v=440#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "kVA_each=(load/2)/pf\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "p1=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30-phi))\n",
-      "p2=kVA_each*math.cos(math.radians(30+phi))\n",
-      "p=p1+p2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"kVA supplied by each transformer=\",kVA_each,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"kW supplied by each transformer=\",p,\"kW\"\n",
-      "\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "kVA supplied by each transformer= 230.946882217 kVA\n",
-        "kW supplied by each transformer= 399.995027715 kW\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 136
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.17, Page Number:1228"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=400.0#V\n",
-      "load=33.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "ilp=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "ils=ilp/(440/v2)\n",
-      "main_kva=v2*ilp*0.001\n",
-      "teaser_kva=0.866*main_kva\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"voltage rating of each coil=\",vl\n",
-      "print \"current rating of each coil=\",ils\n",
-      "print \"main kVA=\",main_kva,\"kVA\"\n",
-      "print \"teaser kVA=\",teaser_kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "voltage rating of each coil= 2857.8\n",
-        "current rating of each coil= 43.3012701892\n",
-        "main kVA= 19.0525588833 kVA\n",
-        "teaser kVA= 16.4995159929 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 139
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.18, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=440.0#V\n",
-      "v2=200.0#V\n",
-      "output=150.0#kVA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio=v2/v\n",
-      "i2=output*1000/(2*v2)\n",
-      "i1=i2*ratio\n",
-      "primary_volts=(math.sqrt(3)*v)/2\n",
-      "ratio=v2/primary_volts\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"primary current=\",i1,\"A\"\n",
-      "print \"turns ratio\",ratio"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "primary current= 170.454545455 A\n",
-        "turns ratio 0.524863881081\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.19, Page Number:1231"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=100.0#V\n",
-      "v2=3300.0#V\n",
-      "p=400.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2=p*1000/(pf*v)\n",
-      "ip=1.15*K*i2\n",
-      "I2m=K*i2\n",
-      "i2=ip/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#reslult\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 174.77684841 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 150
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.20, Page Number:1232"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w1=300#kW\n",
-      "w2=450#kW\n",
-      "v1=100#V\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "v2=3300#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v/v2\n",
-      "i2t=(w2*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "I2m=(K*w1*1000)/(100*pf)\n",
-      "i2=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(I2m**2+i2**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Current=\",i1m,\"A\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Current= 169.804606659 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 163
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.21, Page Number:1233"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=80.0#V\n",
-      "v2=11000.0#V\n",
-      "w1=500.0#kW\n",
-      "w2=800.0#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "#unity pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/v1\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"unity pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n",
-      "#0.5 pf\n",
-      "i2t=w1*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=K*w2*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "ip=math.sqrt(i2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "print \"0.5 pf\"\n",
-      "print \"one 3 phase line carries\",i1t,\"A whereas the other 2 carry\",ip,\"A each\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "unity pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 52.2727272727 A whereas the other 2 carry 77.281082436 A each\n",
-        "0.5 pf\n",
-        "one 3 phase line carries 104.545454545 A whereas the other 2 carry 154.562164872 A each\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 171
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.22, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v1=50#V\n",
-      "v2=4.6*1000#V\n",
-      "load=350#kW\n",
-      "w=200#kW\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculation\n",
-      "K=v1/v2\n",
-      "i2t=w*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "i1t=1.15*K*i2t\n",
-      "i2m=load*1000/(v1*pf)\n",
-      "Ki2m=K*i2m\n",
-      "i1t_half=i1t/2\n",
-      "i1m=math.sqrt(Ki2m**2+i1t_half**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"current in line A=\",i1t\n",
-      "print \"current in line B=\",i1m\n",
-      "print \"current in line C=\",i1m"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current in line A= 62.5\n",
-        "current in line B= 100.11107076\n",
-        "current in line C= 100.11107076\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 173
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.23, Page Number:1234"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=231#V\n",
-      "v2=6600#v\n",
-      "volt_induced=8#v\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "hv=v2/volt_induced\n",
-      "vl=v*math.sqrt(3)\n",
-      "n_lv1=vl/volt_induced\n",
-      "n_lv2=math.sqrt(3)*n_lv1/2\n",
-      "n=2*n_lv2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"neutral point is located on the\",math.ceil(n),\"th turn from A downwards\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "neutral point is located on the 29.0 th turn from A downwards\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 176
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.24, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=6000.0#V\n",
-      "v2=440.0#V\n",
-      "f=50.0#Hz\n",
-      "area=300.0#cm2\n",
-      "flux=1.2#Wb/m2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "n1=v/(4.44*f*flux*area*0.0001*0.9)\n",
-      "K=v2/v\n",
-      "n2=n1*K\n",
-      "n_lv=math.sqrt(3)*n2/2\n",
-      "turns=n_lv*2/3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"NUmber of turns in AN=\",math.floor(turns)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        " NUmber of turns in AN= 35.0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 183
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.25, Page Number:1235"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "v=250.0#V\n",
-      "load=30.0#kVA\n",
-      "v2=250.0#V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=load*1000/(math.sqrt(3)*v2)\n",
-      "vl=0.866*v2\n",
-      "kva=il*vl*(0.001)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Voltage=\",vl,\"V\"\n",
-      "print \"kVA rating\",kva,\"kVA\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Voltage= 216.5 V\n",
-        "kVA rating 14.9995599935 kVA\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 185
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.26, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#vaiable declaration\n",
-      "load=500#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,6)\n",
-      "zb=complex(2,5)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "s=load*complex(math.cos(phi),math.sin(phi))\n",
-      "z1=za/zb\n",
-      "z2=zb/za\n",
-      "sa=s/(1+z1)\n",
-      "sb=s/(1+z2)\n",
-      "pfa=cmath.phase(sa)\n",
-      "pfb=cmath.phase(sb)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",abs(sa)\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",abs(sb)\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_a=\",pfa\n",
-      "print \"cos phi_b=\",pfb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= 230.042839552\n",
-        "sb= 270.171613479\n",
-        "cos phi_a= 0.611765735265\n",
-        "cos phi_b= 0.670521557981\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.27, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "w=2000#kVA\n",
-      "w1=4000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=5000#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.8\n",
-      "za=complex(2,8)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.6,3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "za_per=(w1/w)*za\n",
-      "zb_per=zb\n",
-      "z=za_per+zb_per\n",
-      "s=complex(w1,w-w2)\n",
-      "sb=s*(za/z)\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (2284.2287695-1821.49046794j)\n",
-        "sb= (1715.7712305-1178.50953206j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 211
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.28, Page Number:1237"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=1400#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.866\n",
-      "w1=1000#kVA\n",
-      "w2=500#kVA\n",
-      "v1=6600\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(0.001,0.003)\n",
-      "zb=complex(0.0028,0.005)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (929.911014012-588.664867724j)\n",
-        "sb= (282.488985988-111.396729565j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 240
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.29, Page Number:1238"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import cmath\n",
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "load=750#kVA\n",
-      "pf=0.707\n",
-      "w1=500#kVA\n",
-      "w2=250#kVA\n",
-      "v1=3300\n",
-      "v2=400\n",
-      "za=complex(2,3)\n",
-      "zb=complex(1.5,4)\n",
-      "phi=math.acos(pf)\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "zb=(w1/w2)*zb\n",
-      "z=za/(za+zb)\n",
-      "x=math.cos(-phi)\n",
-      "y=math.sin(-phi)*1j\n",
-      "s=load*(x+y)\n",
-      "sb=s*z\n",
-      "sa=s-sb\n",
-      "per_r=za.real*(sa.real)/w1\n",
-      "per_x=(za.imag)*(sa.imag)/w1\n",
-      "total_per=per_r+per_x\n",
-      "vl=v2-(total_per*4)\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"sa=\",sa\n",
-      "print \"sb=\",sb"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "sa= (399.511103547-348.770523615j)\n",
-        "sb= (130.738896453-181.639636072j)\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 242
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.30, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "ratio=100/5\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "i1=3.5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "il=i1*ratio\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"Line current=\",il,\"A\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Line current= 70.0 A\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 214
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example Number 33.31, Page Number:1240"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#variable declaration\n",
-      "i1=2000#A\n",
-      "i2=2500#A\n",
-      "i=5#A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#calculations\n",
-      "ratio1=i1/i\n",
-      "ratio2=i2/i\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#result\n",
-      "print \"ratio in first case=\",ratio1\n",
-      "print \"ratio in second case=\",ratio2"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "ratio in first case= 400\n",
-        "ratio in second case= 500\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 216
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_6_Electrochemistry.ipynb b/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_6_Electrochemistry.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index b15856da..00000000
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_6_Electrochemistry.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,620 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": ""
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 6: Electrochemistry"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 1, Page no: 180"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "from math import log10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Variables\n",
-      "T = 25              # C\n",
-      "E = 0.296           # V\n",
-      "Cu = 0.015          # M\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "Eo = E - 0.0296 * log10(Cu)\n",
-      "print \"The standard electrode potential is\", \"{:.3f}\".format(Eo), \"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The standard electrode potential is 0.350 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 2, Page no: 180"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "from math import log10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Variables\n",
-      "T = 25                  # C\n",
-      "Cu = 0.1                # M\n",
-      "Zn = 0.001              # M\n",
-      "Eo = 1.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "E = Eo + 0.0296 * log10(Cu / Zn)\n",
-      "print \"The emf of Daniell cell is\", \"{:.4f}\".format(E), \"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The emf of Daniell cell is 1.1592 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 3, Page no: 180"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "from math import log10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Constant\n",
-      "R = 8.314               # J / K\n",
-      "F = 96500               # C / mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Variables\n",
-      "Cu = 0.15               # M\n",
-      "Eo = 0.34               # V\n",
-      "T = 298                 # K\n",
-      "n = 2                   # moles\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "E = Eo + (2.303 * R * T) / (n * F) * log10(Cu)\n",
-      "print \"The single electrode potential for copper metal is\", \"{:.4f}\".format(E),\n",
-      "print \"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The single electrode potential for copper metal is 0.3156 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 4, Page no: 181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "# Variable\n",
-      "Eo_Cu = 0.3370          # Cu+2 -> Cu\n",
-      "Eo_Zn = - 0.7630        # Zn -> Zn +2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "Eo_cell = Eo_Cu - Eo_Zn\n",
-      "print \"Daniel cell is, Zn | Zn +2 || Cu+2 | Cu\"\n",
-      "print \"Eo (cell) is\", Eo_cell, \"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Daniel cell is, Zn | Zn +2 || Cu+2 | Cu\n",
-        "Eo (cell) is 1.1 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 5, Page no: 181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "# Variable\n",
-      "Eo_Cu = 0.3370          # Cu+2 -> Cu\n",
-      "Eo_Cd = - 0.4003        # Cd -> Cd +2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "Eo_cell = Eo_Cu - Eo_Cd\n",
-      "print \"Cell is, Cd | Cd +2 || Cu+2 | Cu\"\n",
-      "print \"Eo (cell) is\", Eo_cell, \"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Cell is, Cd | Cd +2 || Cu+2 | Cu\n",
-        "Eo (cell) is 0.7373 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 6, Page no: 181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "# Constant\n",
-      "F = 96500               # C / mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Variables\n",
-      "n = 2\n",
-      "T = 25                  # C\n",
-      "Eo_Ag = 0.80            # Ag+ / Ag\n",
-      "Eo_Ni = - 0.24          # Ni+2 / Ni\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "Eo_Cell = Eo_Ag - Eo_Ni\n",
-      "print \"Standard free energy change,\"\n",
-      "delta_Go = - n * F * Eo_Cell\n",
-      "print delta_Go, \"J / mol\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Standard free energy change,\n",
-        "-200720.0 J / mol\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 7, Page no: 181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "print \"-------------------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Reduction half reaction:\",\n",
-      "print \"2Fe+3 + 2e- --> 2Fe+2\"\n",
-      "print \"Oxidation half reaction:\",\n",
-      "print \"Fe    - 2e- --> Fe+2\"\n",
-      "print \"Overall cell reaction  :\",\n",
-      "print \"2Fe+3 + Fe  --> 3Fe+2\"\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print \"-------------------------\"\n",
-      "print \"Reduction half reaction:\",\n",
-      "print \"Hg+2 + 2e- --> Hg\"\n",
-      "print \"Oxidation half reaction:\",\n",
-      "print \"Zn   - 2e- --> Zn+2\"\n",
-      "print \"Overall cell reaction  :\",\n",
-      "print \"Hg+2 + Zn  --> Hg + Zn+2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "-------------------------\n",
-        "Reduction half reaction: 2Fe+3 + 2e- --> 2Fe+2\n",
-        "Oxidation half reaction: Fe    - 2e- --> Fe+2\n",
-        "Overall cell reaction  : 2Fe+3 + Fe  --> 3Fe+2\n",
-        "-------------------------\n",
-        "Reduction half reaction: Hg+2 + 2e- --> Hg\n",
-        "Oxidation half reaction: Zn   - 2e- --> Zn+2\n",
-        "Overall cell reaction  : Hg+2 + Zn  --> Hg + Zn+2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 8, Page no: 181"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "# Constant\n",
-      "F = 96500               # C / mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Variables\n",
-      "E1o = - 2.48            # V\n",
-      "E2o = 1.61              # V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "delta_G1 = - 3 * F * (- 2.48)\n",
-      "delta_G2 = - 1 * F * 1.61\n",
-      "print \"delta_G3 = delta_G1 + delta_G2\"\n",
-      "print \"delta_G3 = - 4 * F * E3o\"\n",
-      "E3o = (delta_G1 + delta_G2) / (- 4 * F)\n",
-      "print \"The reduction potential for the half-cell Pt/Ce, Ce+4\",\n",
-      "print \"is\", \"{:.4f}\".format(E3o), \"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "delta_G3 = delta_G1 + delta_G2\n",
-        "delta_G3 = - 4 * F * E3o\n",
-        "The reduction potential for the half-cell Pt/Ce, Ce+4 is -1.4575 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 9, Page no: 182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "print \"Anodic half reaction   :\",\n",
-      "print \"      Cd   --> Cd+2 + 2e-\"\n",
-      "print \"Cathodic half reaction :\",\n",
-      "print \"2H+ + 2e-  --> H2\"\n",
-      "print \"-\" * 50\n",
-      "print \"Overall cell reaction  :\",\n",
-      "print \"Cd  + 2H+ <--> Cd+2 + H2\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Anodic half reaction   :       Cd   --> Cd+2 + 2e-\n",
-        "Cathodic half reaction : 2H+ + 2e-  --> H2\n",
-        "--------------------------------------------------\n",
-        "Overall cell reaction  : Cd  + 2H+ <--> Cd+2 + H2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 10, Page no: 182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "from math import log10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Variables\n",
-      "T = 25                  # C\n",
-      "Cu = 0.1                # M\n",
-      "Zn = 0.001              # M\n",
-      "Eo = 1.1                # V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "print \"Zn(s) | Zn+2 (0.001M) || Cu+2(0.1M) | Cu(s)\"\n",
-      "Ecell = Eo + 0.0592 / 2 * log10(Cu / Zn)\n",
-      "print \"The emf of a Daniell cell is\", \"{:.4f}\".format(Ecell), \"V\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Zn(s) | Zn+2 (0.001M) || Cu+2(0.1M) | Cu(s)\n",
-        "The emf of a Daniell cell is 1.1592 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 11, Page no: 182"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "from math import log10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Variables\n",
-      "pH = 7                  # O2\n",
-      "Eo = 1.229              # V\n",
-      "pO2 = 0.20              # bar\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "print \"Nearnst's equation at 25C is,\"\n",
-      "print \"E = Eo - (0.0592 / 2) * log(1 / ([H+]^2 * [pO2]^ (1/2)))\"\n",
-      "E = Eo - (0.0592 / 2) * log10(1.0 / (((10 ** (- 7)) ** 2) * (pO2 ** (1 / 2.0))))\n",
-      "print \"The reduction potential for the reduction is\",\n",
-      "print \"{:.3f}\".format(E), \"V\"\n",
-      "# descrepency due to calculation error in the book"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Nearnst's equation at 25C is,\n",
-        "E = Eo - (0.0592 / 2) * log(1 / ([H+]^2 * [pO2]^ (1/2)))\n",
-        "The reduction potential for the reduction is 0.804 V\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 12, Page no: 183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "# Variables\n",
-      "E_KCl = 0.2415              # V\n",
-      "E_cell = 0.445              # V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "print \"Emf of the cell is\"\n",
-      "print \"At 25C,\"\n",
-      "print \"E = Er - El = Eref - ((RT)/ F) * ln H+\"\n",
-      "pH = (E_cell - E_KCl) / 0.059\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Eo_cell = - 0.8277          # V\n",
-      "print \"Thus, equilibrium constant for the reaction\"\n",
-      "print \"\\t 2H2O --> H3O+  + OH- may be calculated as\"\n",
-      "K = 10 ** (Eo_cell / 0.0591)\n",
-      "print \"K =\", \"{:.0e}\".format(K)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Emf of the cell is\n",
-        "At 25C,\n",
-        "E = Er - El = Eref - ((RT)/ F) * ln H+\n",
-        "Thus, equilibrium constant for the reaction\n",
-        "\t 2H2O --> H3O+  + OH- may be calculated as\n",
-        "K = 1e-14\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 13, Page no: 183"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "# Variables\n",
-      "EoSn = 0.15             # V\n",
-      "EoCr = - 0.74           # V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "print \"3Sn+4  +  2Cr  -->  3Sn+2 + 2Cr+3\"\n",
-      "Eo_cell = EoSn - EoCr\n",
-      "n = 6\n",
-      "K = 10 ** (n * Eo_cell / 0.0591)\n",
-      "print \"The equillibrium constant for th reaction is\", \"{:.2e}\".format(K)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "3Sn+4  +  2Cr  -->  3Sn+2 + 2Cr+3\n",
-        "The equillibrium constant for th reaction is 2.27e+90\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 14, Page no: 184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "# Variables\n",
-      "T = 25                  # C\n",
-      "Eo = - 0.8277           # V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "print \"The reversible reaction,\"\n",
-      "print \"2H2O  <--> H3O+ + OH-\"\n",
-      "print \"May be divided into two parts.\"\n",
-      "print \"2H2O + e- --> 1/2 H2 + OH-    (cathode) Eo = -0.8277 V\"\n",
-      "print \"H2O  + 1/2 H2 --> H3O+ + e-   (anode) Eo = 0\"\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The reversible reaction,\n",
-        "2H2O  <--> H3O+ + OH-\n",
-        "May be divided into two parts.\n",
-        "2H2O + e- --> 1/2 H2 + OH-    (cathode) Eo = -0.8277 V\n",
-        "H2O  + 1/2 H2 --> H3O+ + e-   (anode) Eo = 0\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Problem: 15, Page no: 184"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "# Variables\n",
-      "E = 0.4                 # V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# Solution\n",
-      "print \"The cell is Pt(H2) | H+, pH2 = 1 atm\"\n",
-      "print \"The cell reaction is\"\n",
-      "print \"1/2 H2 --> H+ + e-\"\n",
-      "pH = E / 0.0591\n",
-      "print \"pH =\", \"{:.3f}\".format(pH)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The cell is Pt(H2) | H+, pH2 = 1 atm\n",
-        "The cell reaction is\n",
-        "1/2 H2 --> H+ + e-\n",
-        "pH = 6.768\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch1.ipynb b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch1.ipynb
index ef180637..24c0193e 100644
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch1.ipynb
+++ b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch1.ipynb
@@ -3,9 +3,7 @@
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": true
    },
    "source": [
     "# Chapter 1:Measurement of phase and frequency"
@@ -13,10 +11,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Example 1.1, Page number 28"
    ]
@@ -25,9 +20,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -77,7 +70,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12+"
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch1_voXCiZP.ipynb b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch1_voXCiZP.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 24c0193e..00000000
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch1_voXCiZP.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1:Measurement of phase and frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.1, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "inductance of the circuit 1 = 7.04 H\n",
-      "inductance of circuit 2 L2=9.82 H\n",
-      "Resonant frequency of the circuit 1 = 41.47 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "c1=10**-6;\n",
-    "f1=60;\n",
-    "L1=1/(4*math.pi*math.pi*(f1**2)*c1);\n",
-    "print (\"inductance of the circuit 1 = %.2f H\" % L1)\n",
-    "f2=50;\n",
-    "w=2*math.pi*f2;\n",
-    "R1=100;\n",
-    "Z1=complex(R1,((w*L1)-(1/w*c1)));\n",
-    "#Z2=complex(100+j*((2*math.pi*50*L2)-(1/(2*math.pi*50*1.5*10**-6)))));\n",
-    "#for equal currents in two circuits Z1=Z2\n",
-    "print ('inductance of circuit 2 L2=9.82 H')\n",
-    "L2=9.82;\n",
-    "C2=1.5*10**-6;\n",
-    "Rf2=(1/(2*math.pi))*(1/(L2*C2))**0.5;\n",
-    "print (\"Resonant frequency of the circuit 1 = %.2f Hz\" % Rf2)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch2.ipynb b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch2.ipynb
index 62a6ed2c..48ce727a 100644
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch2.ipynb
+++ b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch2.ipynb
@@ -2145,7 +2145,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 109,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false,
     "deletable": true,
@@ -2156,7 +2156,7 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "Voltage just before t=2ms =1.80 mV\n",
+      "Voltage just before t=2ms =1.00 mV\n",
       "(-2.2026841435311137, 'voltage just after t=2ms (mV)')\n",
       "Voltage just after t=2ms =-2.20 mV\n",
       "when t=10ms\n",
@@ -2173,7 +2173,7 @@
     "t=2*10**-3;\n",
     "d=100*10**-12;\n",
     "F=0.1;\n",
-    "e1=10.0**3*(d*F*(math.exp(-t/tc))/C);\n",
+    "el=10.0**3*(d*F*(math.exp(-t/tc))/C);\n",
     "print (\"Voltage just before t=2ms =%.2f mV\" %e1)\n",
     "el_after=10**3*(d*F*(math.exp(-t/tc)-1)/C);\n",
     "print (el_after,'voltage just after t=2ms (mV)')\n",
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch2_h5C3e6Y.ipynb b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch2_h5C3e6Y.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 48ce727a..00000000
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch2_h5C3e6Y.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2369 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 2:Primary sensing elements and transducers"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Displacement of the free end = 0.02 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.1\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "t=0.35;\n",
-    "P=1500*10**3;\n",
-    "E=180*10**9;\n",
-    "r=36.5;\n",
-    "x=16;\n",
-    "y=3;\n",
-    "a=math.pi*36.5*10**-3;\n",
-    "da=(0.05*a*P/E)*((r/t)**0.2)*((x/y)**0.33)*((x/t)**3);\n",
-    "print (\"Displacement of the free end = %.2f m\" % da)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Natural length of spring = 90.00 mm\n",
-      "Displacement of point C = 3.75 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.2\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "P=100*10**3;\n",
-    "A=1500*10**-6;\n",
-    "F=P*A;\n",
-    "Cs=F/3;\n",
-    "Ls=Cs+40;\n",
-    "print (\"Natural length of spring = %.2f mm\" % Ls)\n",
-    "P1=10*10**3;\n",
-    "F1=P1*A;\n",
-    "Ss=3+2*.5;\n",
-    "D=F1/Ss;\n",
-    "print (\"Displacement of point C = %.2f mm\" % D)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thickness = 0.21 mm\n",
-      "Deflection at center for Pressure of 150 kN/m2= 0.0000 mm\n",
-      "Natural frequency of the diaphragm =52051 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.3\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "D=15.0*10**-3;\n",
-    "P=300*10**3;\n",
-    "sm=300*10**6;\n",
-    "t=(3*D**2*P/(16*sm))**0.5*10**3;\n",
-    "print (\"Thickness = %.2f mm\" %t)\n",
-    "P=150*10**3;\n",
-    "v=0.28;\n",
-    "E=200.0*10**9;\n",
-    "dm=3.0*(1-v**2)*D**4*P/(256.0*E*t**3);\n",
-    "print (\"Deflection at center for Pressure of 150 kN/m2= %.4f mm\" %dm)\n",
-    "d=8900;\n",
-    "wn=(20*t*10**-3/D**2)*(E/(3*d*(1-v**2)))**0.5;\n",
-    "print (\"Natural frequency of the diaphragm =%.0f rad/sec\" %wn)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of twist= 0.000236 rad\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.4\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "T=100;\n",
-    "G=80*10**9;\n",
-    "d=2*15*10**-3;\n",
-    "th=16*T/(math.pi*G*d**3)\n",
-    "print (\"Angle of twist= %.6f rad\" %th)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Reynoids number = 1697652.73 mm\n",
-      "Differential pressure = 261 kN/m2 \n",
-      "Deflection at the center of diaphragm = 0.02 micro m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.5\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "d=60*10**-3;\n",
-    "Q=80*10**-3;\n",
-    "A=(math.pi/4)*d**2;\n",
-    "v=Q/A;\n",
-    "vi=10**-3;\n",
-    "de=10**3;\n",
-    "Re=v*de*d/vi;\n",
-    "print (\"Reynoids number = %.2f mm\" %Re)\n",
-    "d2=60*10**-3;\n",
-    "d1=100*10**-3;\n",
-    "A2=(math.pi/4)*d2**2;\n",
-    "M=1/((1-(d2/d1)**2)**0.5);\n",
-    "Cd=0.99;\n",
-    "w=1*10**3;\n",
-    "Qact=80*10**-3;\n",
-    "Pd=((Qact/(Cd*M*A2))**2)*w/(2)*10**-3;\n",
-    "print (\"Differential pressure = %.0f kN/m2 \" %Pd)\n",
-    "Po=0.28;\n",
-    "D=10*10**-3;\n",
-    "E=206*10**9;\n",
-    "t=0.2*10**-3;\n",
-    "dm=(3*(1-Po**2)*D**4*Pd)/(256*E*t**3);\n",
-    "deff=dm*10**6;\n",
-    "print (\"Deflection at the center of diaphragm = %.2f micro m\" %deff)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mean velocity of water = 4.47 m/s\n",
-      "Velocity of air= 175.4 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.6\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Pd=10*10**3;\n",
-    "d=1000;\n",
-    "VmeanW= (2*Pd/d)**0.5;\n",
-    "print (\"Mean velocity of water = %.2f m/s\" %VmeanW)\n",
-    "d=0.65;\n",
-    "Va= (2*Pd/d)**0.5;\n",
-    "print (\"Velocity of air= %.1f m/s\" %Va)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "let coefficient of discharge Cd=1\n",
-      "Depth of flow = 0.3 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.7\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "print ('let coefficient of discharge Cd=1')\n",
-    "H1=0.9;\n",
-    "L=1.2;\n",
-    "g=9.81;\n",
-    "Q=(2.0/3)*L*(2*g)**0.5*(H1)**(1.5);\n",
-    "th=45;\n",
-    "H2=Q*(15.0/8)/(2.0*g)\n",
-    "print (\"Depth of flow = %.1f m\" %H2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Uncertinity in discharge = 0.0125 m3/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.8\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Cd=0.6;\n",
-    "H=0.5;\n",
-    "dH=0.01;\n",
-    "g=9.81;\n",
-    "Q=(8.0/15)*Cd*(2*g)**0.5*(H)**(2.5);\n",
-    "dQ=(2.5*dH/H)*Q;\n",
-    "print (\"Uncertinity in discharge = %.4f m3/s\" %dQ)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Displacement = 5.75 mm\n",
-      "Displacement = -12.80 mm\n",
-      "One print lacement is positive and other is negative so two print lacements are in the opposite direction\n",
-      "Resolution = 0.05 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.9\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Rnormal=10000.0/2;\n",
-    "Rpl=10000/50;\n",
-    "Rc1=Rnormal-3850;\n",
-    "Dnormal=Rc1/Rpl;\n",
-    "print (\"Displacement = %.2f mm\" %Dnormal)\n",
-    "Rc2=Rnormal-7560;\n",
-    "Dnormal=Rc2/Rpl;\n",
-    "print (\"Displacement = %.2f mm\" %Dnormal)\n",
-    "print ('One print lacement is positive and other is negative so two print lacements are in the opposite direction')\n",
-    "Re=10.0*1/200;\n",
-    "print (\"Resolution = %.2f mm\" %Re)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output voltage = 3000.000000 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#2.11\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "RAB=125;\n",
-    "Rtotal=5000;\n",
-    "R2=0.0\n",
-    "R2=(75.0/125.0)*Rtotal\n",
-    "R4=2500;\n",
-    "ei=5;\n",
-    "eo=((R2/Rtotal)-(R4/Rtotal))*ei;\n",
-    "print (\"Output voltage = %f V\" %R2)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum excitation voltage = 54.8 V\n",
-      "Sensitivity  = 0.152 V/degree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.12\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Rm=10000;\n",
-    "Rp=Rm/15;\n",
-    "R=600;\n",
-    "P=5;\n",
-    "ei= (P*R)**0.5;\n",
-    "print (\"Maximum excitation voltage = %.1f V\" %ei)\n",
-    "S=ei/360;\n",
-    "print (\"Sensitivity  = %.3f V/degree\" %S)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resolution = 0.0005 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.13\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Rwga=1.0/400;\n",
-    "Re=Rwga/5;\n",
-    "print (\"Resolution = %.4f mm\" %Re)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resolution of 1mm movement = 0.3125 degree/mm\n",
-      "Required Resolution of 1mm movement = 0.300 degree/mm\n",
-      "Since the resolution of potentiometer is higher than the resolution required so it is suitable for the application\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.14\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "mo=0.8;\n",
-    "sr=250;\n",
-    "sm=sr/mo;\n",
-    "R=sm*1*10**-3;\n",
-    "print (\"Resolution of 1mm movement = %.4f degree/mm\" %R)\n",
-    "Rq=300.0/1000;\n",
-    "print (\"Required Resolution of 1mm movement = %.3f degree/mm\" %Rq)\n",
-    "print ('Since the resolution of potentiometer is higher than the resolution required so it is suitable for the application')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power dissipation = 0.667 W\n",
-      "Power dissipation = 0.650 W\n",
-      "Since power dissipation is higher than the dissipation allowed so potentiometer is not suitable\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.15\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Pd=(10.0**2)/150;\n",
-    "print (\"Power dissipation = %.3f W\" %Pd)\n",
-    "th_pot=80+Pd*30;\n",
-    "PDa=(10*10**-3)*(th_pot-35);\n",
-    "print (\"Power dissipation = %.3f W\" %PDa)\n",
-    "print ('Since power dissipation is higher than the dissipation allowed so potentiometer is not suitable')\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Possion s ratio=1.600000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.16\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Gf=4.2;\n",
-    "v=(Gf-1)/2;\n",
-    "print ('Possion s ratio=%f' %v)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in resistance of nickel = 0.007 ohm\n",
-      "Change in resistance of nicrome = -0.001 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.17\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "strain=-5*10**-6;\n",
-    "Gf=-12.1;\n",
-    "R=120;\n",
-    "dR_nickel=Gf*R*strain;\n",
-    "print (\"Change in resistance of nickel = %.3f ohm\" %dR_nickel)\n",
-    "Gf=2;\n",
-    "R=120;\n",
-    "dR_nicrome=Gf*R*strain;\n",
-    "print (\"Change in resistance of nicrome = %.3f ohm\" %dR_nicrome)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Percentage change in resistance = 0.1 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.18\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "s=100.0*10**6;\n",
-    "E=200.0*10**9;\n",
-    "strain=s/E;\n",
-    "Gf=2.0;\n",
-    "r_per_unit=Gf*strain*100.0;\n",
-    "print (\"Percentage change in resistance = %.1f \" %r_per_unit)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.19"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Gauge factor = 2.31 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#2.19\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "b=0.02;\n",
-    "d=0.003;\n",
-    "I=(b*d**3)/12;\n",
-    "E=200*10**9;\n",
-    "x=12.7*10**-3;\n",
-    "l=0.25;\n",
-    "F=3*E*I*x/l**3;\n",
-    "x=0.15;\n",
-    "M=F*x;\n",
-    "t=0.003;\n",
-    "s=(M*t)/(I*2);\n",
-    "strain=s/E;\n",
-    "dR=0.152;\n",
-    "R=120;\n",
-    "Gf=(dR/R)/strain;\n",
-    "print (\"Gauge factor = %.2f \" %Gf)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 77,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Change in length= 2.5 um \n",
-      " Force= 2038.64 N \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.20\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "dR=0.013;\n",
-    "R=240;\n",
-    "l=0.1;\n",
-    "Gf=2.2;\n",
-    "dl=(dR/R)*l/Gf*10**6;\n",
-    "print (\" Change in length= %.1f um \" %dl)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "strain=dl*10**-6/l;\n",
-    "E=207*10**9;\n",
-    "s=E*strain;\n",
-    "A=4*10**-4;\n",
-    "F=s*A;\n",
-    "print (\" Force= %.2f N \" %F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 78,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " alpha at o degree= 0.0085 /degree C \n",
-      "5.5(1+0.0085(th-45))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.21\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "th1=30;\n",
-    "th2=60;\n",
-    "th0=th1+th2/2;\n",
-    "Rth1=4.8;\n",
-    "Rth2=6.2;\n",
-    "Rth0=5.5;\n",
-    "ath0=(1/Rth0)*(Rth2-Rth1)/(th2-th1);\n",
-    "print (\" alpha at o degree= %.4f /degree C \" %ath0)\n",
-    "print ('5.5(1+0.0085(th-45))')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 79,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "alpha at o degree= 0.00182 /degree C \n",
-      "Linear approximation is: Rth= 589.48(1+0.00182(th-115))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.22\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "th1=100;\n",
-    "th2=130;\n",
-    "th0=th1+th2/2;\n",
-    "Rth1=573.40;\n",
-    "Rth2=605.52;\n",
-    "Rth0=589.48;\n",
-    "ath0=(1/Rth0)*(Rth2-Rth1)/(th2-th1);\n",
-    "print (\"alpha at o degree= %.5f /degree C \" %ath0)\n",
-    "print ('Linear approximation is: Rth= 589.48(1+0.00182(th-115))')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.23"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "resistance at 65 degree C= 115.68 ohm \n",
-      " Temperature = 25.00 degree C \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.23\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Rth0=100;\n",
-    "ath0=0.00392;\n",
-    "dth=65-25;\n",
-    "R65=Rth0*(1+ath0*dth);\n",
-    "print (\"resistance at 65 degree C= %.2f ohm \" %R65)\n",
-    "th=(((150/100)-1)/ath0)+25;\n",
-    "print (\" Temperature = %.2f degree C \" %th)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.24"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 81,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resistance at 150 degree C=15.11 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.24\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Rth0=10;\n",
-    "ath0=0.00393;\n",
-    "dth=150-20;\n",
-    "R150=Rth0*(1+ath0*dth);\n",
-    "print (\"Resistance at 150 degree C=%.2f ohm\" %R150)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 82,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time= 109.95 s \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Calculate the time\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "th=30.0;\n",
-    "th0=50;\n",
-    "tc=120;\n",
-    "t=-120*(math.log(1-(th/th0)));\n",
-    "print (\"Time= %.2f s \" %t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resistance at 35 degree C= 50.00 ohm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#2.26\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "R25=100;\n",
-    "ath=-0.05;\n",
-    "dth=35-25;\n",
-    "R35=R25*(1+ath*dth);\n",
-    "print (\"Resistance at 35 degree C= %.2f ohm \" %R35)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 84,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resistance at 40 degree C= 967.51 ohm \n",
-      "Resistance at 100 degree C= 130.94 ohm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.27\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Ro=3980;\n",
-    "Ta=273;\n",
-    "#3980= a*3980*exp(b/273)\n",
-    "Rt50=794;\n",
-    "Ta50=273+50;\n",
-    "#794= a*3980*exp(b/323)\n",
-    "#on solving\n",
-    "#a=30*10**-6, b=2843\n",
-    "Ta40=273+40;\n",
-    "Rt40=(30*10**-6)*3980*math.exp(2843/313);\n",
-    "print (\"Resistance at 40 degree C= %.2f ohm \" %Rt40)\n",
-    "Rt100=(30*10**-6)*3980*math.exp(2843/373);\n",
-    "print (\"Resistance at 100 degree C= %.2f ohm \" %Rt100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 85,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in temperature= 20.0 degree C \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.28\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "th=((1-1800/2000)/0.05)+70;\n",
-    "dth=th-70;\n",
-    "print (\"Change in temperature= %.1f degree C \" %dth)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 86,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Frequency of oscillation at 20 degree C = 25464.79 Hz \n",
-      "Frequency of oscillation at 25 degree C = 31830.99 Hz \n",
-      "Frequency of oscillation at 30 degree C = 42441.32 Hz \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.29\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "C=500*10**-12;\n",
-    "R20=10000*(1-0.05*(20-25));\n",
-    "f20=1/(2*math.pi*R20*C);\n",
-    "print (\"Frequency of oscillation at 20 degree C = %.2f Hz \" %f20)\n",
-    "R25=10000*(1-0.05*(25-25));\n",
-    "f25=1/(2*math.pi*R25*C);\n",
-    "print (\"Frequency of oscillation at 25 degree C = %.2f Hz \" %f25)\n",
-    "R30=10000*(1-0.05*(30-25));\n",
-    "f30=1/(2*math.pi*R30*C);\n",
-    "print (\"Frequency of oscillation at 30 degree C = %.2f Hz \" %f30)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.30"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 87,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sensitivity of thermocouple= 572.0 micro V/degree C\n",
-      "Maximum output voltage= 0.06 V \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.30\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Se_thermocouple=500-(-72);\n",
-    "print (\"Sensitivity of thermocouple= %.1f micro V/degree C\" %Se_thermocouple)\n",
-    "Vo=Se_thermocouple*100*10**-6;\n",
-    "print (\"Maximum output voltage= %.2f V \" %Vo)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.31"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 88,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Required e.m.f.= 27.87 mV \n",
-      "Temperature corresponding to 27.87 mV is 620 degree C\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.31\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "ET=27.07+0.8;\n",
-    "print (\"Required e.m.f.= %.2f mV \" %ET)\n",
-    "print ('Temperature corresponding to 27.87 mV is 620 degree C')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 89,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Series resistance=271.00 ohm\n",
-      "Approximate error due to rise in resistance of 1 ohm in Re=-2.40 degree C\n",
-      "Approximate error due to rise in Temp. of 10=-7.45 degree C\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.32\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Rm=50;\n",
-    "Re=12;\n",
-    "E=33.3*10**-3;\n",
-    "i=0.1*10**-3;\n",
-    "Rs=(E/i)-Rm-Re;\n",
-    "print (\"Series resistance=%.2f ohm\" %Rs)\n",
-    "Re=13;\n",
-    "i1=E/(Rs+Re+Rm);\n",
-    "AE=((i1-i)/i)*800;\n",
-    "print (\"Approximate error due to rise in resistance of 1 ohm in Re=%.2f degree C\" %AE)\n",
-    "R_change=50*0.00426*10;\n",
-    "i1=E/(Rs+Re+Rm+R_change);\n",
-    "AE=((i1-i)/i)*800;\n",
-    "print (\"Approximate error due to rise in Temp. of 10=%.2f degree C\" %AE)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 90,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Value of resistance R1=5.95 ohm\n",
-      "Value of resistance R2=762.60 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.33\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "E_20=0.112*10**-3;# emf at 20degree C\n",
-    "E_900=8.446*10**-3;\n",
-    "E_1200=11.946*10**-3;\n",
-    "E1=E_900-E_20;\n",
-    "E2=E_1200-E_20;\n",
-    "#E1=1.08*R1/(R1+2.5+R2      (i)\n",
-    "#E2=1.08*(R1+2.5)/(R1+2.5+R2      (ii)\n",
-    "#on solving (i) and (ii)\n",
-    "R1=5.95;\n",
-    "R2=762.6;\n",
-    "print (\"Value of resistance R1=%.2f ohm\" %R1)\n",
-    "print (\"Value of resistance R2=%.2f ohm\" %R2)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 91,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Value of resistance R1=5.95 ohm\n",
-      "value of resistance RL>>Rl\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.34\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "th=20;\n",
-    "Vz=2.73+th*10*10**-3;\n",
-    "Voffset=-2.73;\n",
-    "Vout=Vz+Voffset;\n",
-    "Rbias=(5-0.2)/10**-3;\n",
-    "Rzero=500;\n",
-    "th=50;\n",
-    "Vz=2.73+th*10*10**-3;\n",
-    "VmaxT=Vz+Voffset;\n",
-    "Vsupply=5;\n",
-    "Rl=(VmaxT*Rbias)/(Vsupply-VmaxT);\n",
-    "print (\"Value of resistance R1=%.2f ohm\" %R1)\n",
-    "print ('value of resistance RL>>Rl')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 92,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in inductance=0.04 mH\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.35\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "L1=2;\n",
-    "La=1-0.02;\n",
-    "Lnew=2/La;\n",
-    "dl=Lnew-L1;\n",
-    "print (\"Change in inductance=%.2f mH\" %dl)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 93,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "percentage linearity=0.20 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.36\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "linearity_percentage=(0.003/1.5)*100;\n",
-    "print (\"percentage linearity=%.2f \" %linearity_percentage)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 94,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "senstivity of the LVDT=0.004 V/mm\n",
-      "Senstivity of the instrument=1.0 V/mm\n",
-      "resolution of instrument=0.001 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.37\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "displacement=0.5;\n",
-    "Vo=2*10**-3;\n",
-    "Se_LVDT=Vo/displacement;\n",
-    "print (\"senstivity of the LVDT=%.3f V/mm\" %Se_LVDT)\n",
-    "Af=250;\n",
-    "Se_instrument=Se_LVDT*Af;\n",
-    "print (\"Senstivity of the instrument=%.1f V/mm\" %Se_instrument)\n",
-    "sd=5/100;\n",
-    "Vo_min=50/5;\n",
-    "Re_instrument=1*1.0/1000;\n",
-    "print (\"resolution of instrument=%.3f mm\" %Re_instrument)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.38"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 95,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deflection=0.01 m\n",
-      "minimum force=0.02 N\n",
-      "maximum force=81.92 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.38\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "b=0.02;\n",
-    "t=0.004;\n",
-    "I=(1.0/12)*b*t**3;\n",
-    "F=25;\n",
-    "l=0.25;\n",
-    "E=200.0*10**9;\n",
-    "x=(F*l**3)/(3.0*E*I);\n",
-    "print (\"deflection=%.2f m\" %x)\n",
-    "DpF=x/F;\n",
-    "Se=DpF*0.5*1000;\n",
-    "Re=(10.0/1000)*(2.0/10);\n",
-    "F_min=Re/Se;\n",
-    "F_max=10/Se;\n",
-    "print (\"minimum force=%.2f N\" %F_min)\n",
-    "print (\"maximum force=%.2f N\" %F_max)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.39"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 96,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "permittivity of the air e0=8.85*10**-12\n",
-      "sensitivity of the transducer=-0.00 F/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.39\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "print ('permittivity of the air e0=8.85*10**-12')\n",
-    "e0=8.85*10**-12;\n",
-    "w=25.0*10**-3;\n",
-    "d=0.25*10**-3;\n",
-    "Se=-4.0*e0*w/d;\n",
-    "print (\"sensitivity of the transducer=%.2f F/m\" %Se)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.40"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 97,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the value of the capacitance afte the application of pressure=446.55 pF\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.40\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "C1=370*10**-12;\n",
-    "d1=3.5*10**-3;\n",
-    "d2=2.9*10**-3;\n",
-    "C2=C1*d1*10**12/d2;\n",
-    "print (\"the value of the capacitance afte the application of pressure=%.2f pF\" %C2)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.41"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 114,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in frequency of the oscillator=-9.607692e+07 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.41\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "fo1=100*10**3;\n",
-    "d1=4;\n",
-    "d2=3.7;\n",
-    "fo2=((d2/d1)**0.5)*fo1;\n",
-    "dfo=fo1-fo2/10**-3;\n",
-    "print (\"change in frequency of the oscillator=%e kHz\" %dfo)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 99,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Capacitance=33.9 pF\n",
-      "change in Capacitance=3.4 pF\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.42\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "L_air=(3.1-3)/2;\n",
-    "D_stress=100/L_air;\n",
-    "e0=8.85*10**-12;\n",
-    "l=20*10**-3;\n",
-    "D2=3.1;\n",
-    "D1=3;\n",
-    "C=(2*math.pi)*e0*l*10**12/(math.log(D2/D1));\n",
-    "print (\"Capacitance=%.1f pF\" %C)\n",
-    "l=(20*10**-3)-(2*10**-3);\n",
-    "C_new=(2*math.pi)*e0*l/(math.log(D2/D1));\n",
-    "C_change=C-C_new*10**12;\n",
-    "print (\"change in Capacitance=%.1f pF\" %C_change)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 116,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time constant=0.02 s\n",
-      "Phase shift=18.2 deg\n",
-      "Series resistance=1140 Mohm\n",
-      "Amplitude ratio=0.6 \n",
-      "Voltage sensitivity=800000 V/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#2.43\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "M=0.95;\n",
-    "w=2*math.pi*20;\n",
-    "tc=(1/w)*((M**2)/(1-M**2))**0.5;\n",
-    "print (\"Time constant=%.2f s\" %tc)\n",
-    "ph=((math.pi/2)-(math.atan(w*tc)))*(180/math.pi);\n",
-    "print (\"Phase shift=%.1f deg\" %ph)\n",
-    "C=(8.85*10**-12*300*10**-6)/(0.125*10**-3);\n",
-    "R=tc*10**-6/C;\n",
-    "print (\"Series resistance=%.0f Mohm\" %R)\n",
-    "M=1/(1+(1/(2*math.pi*5*tc)**2))**0.5;\n",
-    "print (\"Amplitude ratio=%.1f \" %M)\n",
-    "Eb=100;\n",
-    "x=0.125*10**-3;\n",
-    "Vs=Eb/x;\n",
-    "print (\"Voltage sensitivity=%d V/m\" %Vs)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 101,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of per unit change of capacitance to per unit change of diaplacement=1.11\n",
-      " New ratio of per unit change of capacitance to per unit change of diaplacement=1.17\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#2.44\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "e0=8.85*10**-12;\n",
-    "A=500*10**-6;\n",
-    "d=0.2*10**-3;\n",
-    "C=e0*A/d;\n",
-    "d1=0.18*10**-3;\n",
-    "C_new=e0*A/d1;\n",
-    "C_change=C_new-C;\n",
-    "Ratio=(C_change/C)/(0.02/0.2);\n",
-    "print (\"ratio of per unit change of capacitance to per unit change of diaplacement=%.2f\" %Ratio)\n",
-    "d1=0.19*10**-3;\n",
-    "e1=1;\n",
-    "d2=0.01*10**-3;\n",
-    "e2=8;\n",
-    "C=(e0*A)/((d1/e1)+(d2/e2));\n",
-    "d1_new=0.17*10**-3;\n",
-    "C_new=(e0*A)/((d1_new/e1)+(d2/e2));\n",
-    "C_change=C_new-C;\n",
-    "Ratio=(C_change/C)/(0.02/0.2);\n",
-    "print (\" New ratio of per unit change of capacitance to per unit change of diaplacement=%.2f\" %Ratio)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.47"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 102,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output voltage=165 V\n",
-      " Charge sensitivity=2.23 pC/N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.47\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "g=0.055;\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;\n",
-    "P=1.5*10**6;\n",
-    "Eo=g*t*P;\n",
-    "print (\"Output voltage=%.0f V\" %Eo)\n",
-    "e=40.6*10**-12;\n",
-    "d=e*g*10**12;\n",
-    "print (\" Charge sensitivity=%.2f pC/N\" %d)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.48"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 103,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Force=30 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.48\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "g=0.055;\n",
-    "t=1.5*10**-3;\n",
-    "Eo=100;\n",
-    "P= Eo/(g*t);\n",
-    "A=25*10**-6;\n",
-    "F=P*A;\n",
-    "print (\" Force=%.0f N\" %F)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 104,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " strain=0.0167 \n",
-      " Charge=750 pC\n",
-      " capacitance=250 pF\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.49\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "A=25*10**-6;\n",
-    "F=5;\n",
-    "P=F/A;\n",
-    "d=150*10**-12;\n",
-    "e=12.5*10**-9;\n",
-    "g=d/(e);\n",
-    "t=1.25*10**-3;\n",
-    "Eo=(g*t*P);\n",
-    "strain=P/(12*10**6);\n",
-    "Q=d*F*10**12;\n",
-    "C=Q/Eo;\n",
-    "print (\" strain=%.4f \" %strain)\n",
-    "print (\" Charge=%.0f pC\" %Q)\n",
-    "print (\" capacitance=%.0f pF\" %C)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 106,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " peak voltage swing under open conditions=9.04 mV\n",
-      " peak voltage swing under loaded conditions=1.52 mV\n",
-      " Maximum change in crystal thickness=2.22 pm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.50\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "d=2*10**-12;\n",
-    "t=1*10**-3;\n",
-    "Fmax=0.01;\n",
-    "e0=8.85*10**-12;\n",
-    "er=5;\n",
-    "A=100*10**-6;\n",
-    "Eo_peak_to_peak=2*d*t*Fmax*10**3/(e0*er*A);\n",
-    "print (\" peak voltage swing under open conditions=%.2f mV\" %Eo_peak_to_peak)\n",
-    "Rl=100*10**6;\n",
-    "Cl=20*10**-12;\n",
-    "d1=1*10**-3;\n",
-    "Cp=e0*er*A/d1;\n",
-    "C=Cp+Cl;\n",
-    "w=1000;\n",
-    "m=(w*Cp*Rl/(1+(w*C*Rl)**2)**0.5);\n",
-    "El_peak_to_peak=(2*d*t*Fmax*10**3/(e0*er*A))*m;\n",
-    "print (\" peak voltage swing under loaded conditions=%.2f mV\" %El_peak_to_peak)\n",
-    "E=90*10**9;\n",
-    "dt=2*Fmax*t*10**12/(A*E);\n",
-    "print (\" Maximum change in crystal thickness=%.2f pm\" %dt)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 107,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Minimum frequency=2028.29 rad/sec\n",
-      " Phase shift=18.19 deg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.51\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "M=0.95;\n",
-    "tc=1.5*10**-3;\n",
-    "w=(1/tc)*((M**2)/(1-M**2))**0.5;\n",
-    "print (\" Minimum frequency=%.2f rad/sec\" %w)\n",
-    "ph=((math.pi/2)-(math.atan(w*tc)))*(180/math.pi);\n",
-    "print (\" Phase shift=%.2f deg\" %ph)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 108,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Sensitivity of the transducer=40000000.00 V/m\n",
-      " High frequency sensitivity =29629629.63 V/m\n",
-      " Minimum frequency=358.68 sec\n",
-      "now f=10Hz\n",
-      " External shunt capacitance=0.05 pF\n",
-      " new value of high frequency sensitivity=826073.26 V/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#2.52\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Kq=40*10**-3;\n",
-    "Cp=1000*10**-12;\n",
-    "K=Kq/Cp;\n",
-    "print (\" Sensitivity of the transducer=%.2f V/m\" %K)\n",
-    "Cc=300*10**-12;\n",
-    "Ca=50*10**-12;\n",
-    "C=Cp+Cc+Ca;\n",
-    "Hf=Kq/C;\n",
-    "print (\" High frequency sensitivity =%.2f V/m\" %Hf)\n",
-    "R=1*10**6;\n",
-    "tc=R*C;\n",
-    "M=0.95;\n",
-    "w=(1/tc)*((M**2)/(1-M**2))**0.5;\n",
-    "f=w/(2*math.pi);\n",
-    "print (\" Minimum frequency=%.2f sec\" %f)\n",
-    "print ('now f=10Hz')\n",
-    "f=10;\n",
-    "w=2*math.pi*f;\n",
-    "tc=(1/w)*((M**2)/(1-M**2))**0.5;\n",
-    "C_new=tc/R;\n",
-    "Ce=(C_new-C)*10**6;\n",
-    "print (\" External shunt capacitance=%.2f pF\" %Ce)\n",
-    "Hf_new=Kq/C_new;\n",
-    "print (\" new value of high frequency sensitivity=%.2f V/m\" %Hf_new)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.53"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 109,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage just before t=2ms =1.00 mV\n",
-      "(-2.2026841435311137, 'voltage just after t=2ms (mV)')\n",
-      "Voltage just after t=2ms =-2.20 mV\n",
-      "when t=10ms\n",
-      "output voltage 10 ms after the application of impulse =0 mV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.53\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "R=10**6;\n",
-    "C=2500*10**-12;\n",
-    "tc=R*C;\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;\n",
-    "d=100*10**-12;\n",
-    "F=0.1;\n",
-    "el=10.0**3*(d*F*(math.exp(-t/tc))/C);\n",
-    "print (\"Voltage just before t=2ms =%.2f mV\" %e1)\n",
-    "el_after=10**3*(d*F*(math.exp(-t/tc)-1)/C);\n",
-    "print (el_after,'voltage just after t=2ms (mV)')\n",
-    "print (\"Voltage just after t=2ms =%.2f mV\" %el_after)\n",
-    "print ('when t=10ms')\n",
-    "t=10.0*10**-3;\n",
-    "T=2.0*10\n",
-    "e_10=10.0**3*(d*F*(math.exp((-T/tc)-1))*(math.exp(-(t-T))/tc)/C)\n",
-    "print (\"output voltage 10 ms after the application of impulse =%.0f mV\" %e_10)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.54"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 110,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Let T=1\n",
-      "Time constant =19.50 s\n",
-      "as T=1 so time constant should be approximately equal to 20T\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 2.54\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "print ('Let T=1');\n",
-    "T=1;\n",
-    "el=0.95;\n",
-    "tc=-T/math.log(el);\n",
-    "print (\"Time constant =%.2f s\" %tc)\n",
-    "print ('as T=1 so time constant should be approximately equal to 20T')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 111,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "output voltage =-0.75 mV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#2.55\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Kh=-1*10**-6;\n",
-    "I=3;\n",
-    "B=0.5;\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;\n",
-    "Eh=Kh*I*B*10**3/t;\n",
-    "print (\"output voltage =%.2f mV\" %Eh)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 112,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "External resistance required =-999.997 ohm\n",
-      "Dark current =0.29 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#2.56\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "R1=(30/10*10**-3)-1000;\n",
-    "print (\"External resistance required =%.3f ohm\" %R1)\n",
-    "Id=30.0*10**3/((2*10**3)+(100*10**3))\n",
-    "print (\"Dark current =%.2f mA\" %Id)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 2.57"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 113,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential of point b, Vb= 5.000000\n",
-      "Potential of point d, Vd= 10.000000\n",
-      "Outout voltage of bridge =-5.00 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#2.57\n",
-    "import math;\n",
-    "Vb=10-(10.0/((2*10**3))*10**3);\n",
-    "print ('Potential of point b, Vb= %f'%Vb)\n",
-    "Vd=10-(10/((3*10**3))*2*10**3);\n",
-    "print ('Potential of point d, Vd= %f' %Vd)\n",
-    "Ebd=Vb-Vd;\n",
-    "print (\"Outout voltage of bridge =%.2f V\" %Ebd)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12+"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch3_qFSzPBo.ipynb b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch3_qFSzPBo.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1a32897b..00000000
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch3_qFSzPBo.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,321 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 3:Measurement of non electrical quantities"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deflection of screen corresponding to maximum pressure for sensitivity of 1mV/mm =350.0 mm\n",
-      "sinch the length of the screen is 100mm so waveform is out of range and hence sensitivity setting of 1mV/mm should not be used\n",
-      "deflection of screen corresponding to maximum pressure for sensitivity of 5mV/mm =70.0 mm\n",
-      "delection is within the range\n",
-      "deflection of screen corresponding to maximum pressure for sensitivity of 20mV/mm =17.0 mm\n",
-      "delection is within the range\n",
-      "deflection of screen corresponding to maximum pressure for sensitivity of 10mV/mm =3.0 mm\n",
-      "delection is within the range\n",
-      "deflection of screen corresponding to maximum pressure for sensitivity of 500mV/mm =0.0 mm\n",
-      "delection is within the range\n",
-      "since the sensitivity of 5mV/mm gives higher deflection so it is the optimum sensitivity\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 3.1\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Aou=700*25*1/100;\n",
-    "Aol=100*25*1/100;\n",
-    "AouPtP= 2*Aou;\n",
-    "AolPtP= 2*Aol;\n",
-    "Se1=1;\n",
-    "D1=AouPtP/Se1;\n",
-    "print (\"deflection of screen corresponding to maximum pressure for sensitivity of 1mV/mm =%.1f mm\" %D1)\n",
-    "print ('sinch the length of the screen is 100mm so waveform is out of range and hence sensitivity setting of 1mV/mm should not be used')\n",
-    "Se2=5;\n",
-    "D2=AouPtP/Se2;\n",
-    "print (\"deflection of screen corresponding to maximum pressure for sensitivity of 5mV/mm =%.1f mm\" %D2)\n",
-    "print ('delection is within the range')\n",
-    "Se3=20;\n",
-    "D3=AouPtP/Se3;\n",
-    "print (\"deflection of screen corresponding to maximum pressure for sensitivity of 20mV/mm =%.1f mm\" %D3)\n",
-    "print ('delection is within the range')\n",
-    "Se4=100;\n",
-    "D4=AouPtP/Se4;\n",
-    "print (\"deflection of screen corresponding to maximum pressure for sensitivity of 10mV/mm =%.1f mm\" %D4)\n",
-    "print ('delection is within the range')\n",
-    "Se5=500;\n",
-    "D5=AouPtP/Se5;\n",
-    "print (\"deflection of screen corresponding to maximum pressure for sensitivity of 500mV/mm =%.1f mm\" %D5)\n",
-    "print ('delection is within the range')\n",
-    "print ('since the sensitivity of 5mV/mm gives higher deflection so it is the optimum sensitivity')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of curvature =356.04 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#3.2\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "tA=1;\n",
-    "tB=1;\n",
-    "m=tA/tB;\n",
-    "EB=147.0;\n",
-    "EA=216;\n",
-    "T2=200.0;\n",
-    "T1=25;\n",
-    "n=EB/EA;\n",
-    "T=T2-T1;\n",
-    "A=12.5*10**-6;\n",
-    "B=1.7*10**-6;\n",
-    "a=3*(1+m)**2;\n",
-    "b=(1+m*n)*((m**2)+1/(m*n));\n",
-    "c= (6*(A-B)*T*(1+m)**2);\n",
-    "r=(a+b)/c;\n",
-    "print (\"Radius of curvature =%.2f mm\" %r)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of curvature =500 mm\n",
-      "vertical displacement =2 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#3.3\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "t=2;\n",
-    "T2=180;\n",
-    "T1=20;\n",
-    "T=T2-T1;\n",
-    "A=12.5*10**-6;\n",
-    "r=t/(2*T*A);\n",
-    "print (\"Radius of curvature =%.0f mm\" %r)\n",
-    "Th=40.0/500;\n",
-    "y=r*(1.0-math.cos(Th));\n",
-    "print (\"vertical displacement =%.0f mm\" %y)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "True temperature =1853.57 degree K\n",
-      "True temperature =1580.57 degree C\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#3.4\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Ta=1480+273;\n",
-    "Tf=0.8;\n",
-    "T=Tf**-0.25*Ta;\n",
-    "print (\"True temperature =%.2f degree K\" %T)\n",
-    "Tc=T-273;\n",
-    "print (\"True temperature =%.2f degree C\" %Tc)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Error in temperature measurement=-172.91 degree C\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 3.5\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ATC1=1065;\n",
-    "AT=ATC1+273;\n",
-    "Em1=0.82;\n",
-    "Ta=(Em1**(-0.25))*AT;\n",
-    "Em2=0.75;\n",
-    "Taa=(Em2**-0.25)*Ta;\n",
-    "ATC2=Taa-273;\n",
-    "E=ATC1-ATC2;\n",
-    "print (\"Error in temperature measurement=%.2f degree C\" %E)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Average flow rate=0.02 degree m/s\n",
-      "Percentage decrease in voltage=1.79 degree m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 3.6\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "EL=0.1;\n",
-    "Zo=250*10**3;\n",
-    "ZL=2.5*10**6;\n",
-    "Eo=EL*(1+(Zo/ZL));\n",
-    "B=0.1;\n",
-    "l=50*10**-3;\n",
-    "G=1000;\n",
-    "v=Eo/(B*l*G);\n",
-    "print (\"Average flow rate=%.2f degree m/s\" %v)\n",
-    "Zon=1.2*250*10**3;\n",
-    "ELn=2*Eo/(1+(Zon/ZL));\n",
-    "PDV=((0.2-ELn)/0.2)*100;\n",
-    "print (\"Percentage decrease in voltage=%.2f degree m/s\" %PDV)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12+"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch4.ipynb b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch4.ipynb
index c802d84b..af78fda8 100644
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch4.ipynb
+++ b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch4.ipynb
@@ -2,20 +2,14 @@
  "cells": [
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "# Chapter 4:Telemetry and data acquisition system"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.1"
    ]
@@ -24,9 +18,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -67,10 +59,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.2"
    ]
@@ -79,9 +68,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -108,10 +95,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.3"
    ]
@@ -120,9 +104,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -144,10 +126,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.4"
    ]
@@ -156,9 +135,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -193,10 +170,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.5"
    ]
@@ -205,9 +179,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -241,10 +213,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.6"
    ]
@@ -253,9 +222,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -278,10 +245,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.7"
    ]
@@ -290,9 +254,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -327,10 +289,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.8"
    ]
@@ -339,9 +298,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -366,10 +323,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.9"
    ]
@@ -378,9 +332,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -412,10 +364,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.10"
    ]
@@ -424,9 +373,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -450,10 +397,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.11"
    ]
@@ -462,9 +406,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -488,10 +430,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.12"
    ]
@@ -500,9 +439,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -531,10 +468,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.13"
    ]
@@ -543,9 +477,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -566,10 +498,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.14"
    ]
@@ -578,9 +507,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -601,10 +528,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
+   "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Exa 4.15"
    ]
@@ -613,9 +537,7 @@
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 16,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
@@ -641,9 +563,9 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -655,7 +577,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12+"
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch4_h6Jwto8.ipynb b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch4_h6Jwto8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index af78fda8..00000000
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch4_h6Jwto8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,585 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 4:Telemetry and data acquisition system"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "In addition to carrier frequency of 1000kHz the other upeer and lower frequencies are\n",
-      "Upper side band frequency for modulating frequency of 300 Hz =1000.3 kHz\n",
-      "Lower side band frequency for modulating frequency of 300 Hz =999.7 kHz\n",
-      "Upper side band frequency for modulating frequency of 800 Hz =1000.8 kHz\n",
-      "Lower side band frequency for modulating frequency of 800 Hz =999.2 kHz\n",
-      "Upper side band frequency for modulating frequency of 2kHz =1002.0 kHz\n",
-      "Lower side band frequency for modulating frequency of 2kHz =998.0 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.1\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "fc=1000;\n",
-    "print ('In addition to carrier frequency of 1000kHz the other upeer and lower frequencies are')\n",
-    "fs1=0.3;\n",
-    "fu1=fc+fs1;\n",
-    "print (\"Upper side band frequency for modulating frequency of 300 Hz =%.1f kHz\" %fu1)\n",
-    "fl1=fc-fs1;\n",
-    "print (\"Lower side band frequency for modulating frequency of 300 Hz =%.1f kHz\" %fl1)\n",
-    "fs2=0.8;\n",
-    "fu2=fc+fs2;\n",
-    "print (\"Upper side band frequency for modulating frequency of 800 Hz =%.1f kHz\" %fu2)\n",
-    "fl2=fc-fs2;\n",
-    "print (\"Lower side band frequency for modulating frequency of 800 Hz =%.1f kHz\" %fl2)\n",
-    "fs3=2;\n",
-    "fu3=fc+fs3;\n",
-    "print (\"Upper side band frequency for modulating frequency of 2kHz =%.1f kHz\" %fu3)\n",
-    "fl3=fc-fs3;\n",
-    "print (\"Lower side band frequency for modulating frequency of 2kHz =%.1f kHz\" %fl3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Upper side band frequency =721.76 kHz\n",
-      "Lower side band frequency =701.76 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.2\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=50*10**-6;\n",
-    "C=1*10**-9;\n",
-    "fc=1/(2*math.pi*(L*C)**0.5);\n",
-    "fs1=10000;\n",
-    "fu1=(fc+fs1)*10**-3;\n",
-    "print (\"Upper side band frequency =%.2f kHz\" %fu1)\n",
-    "fl1=(fc-fs1)*10**-3;\n",
-    "print (\"Lower side band frequency =%.2f kHz\" %fl1)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radiation Power =68.06 kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.3\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Pc=50;\n",
-    "m=0.85;\n",
-    "Pt=Pc*(1+(m**2/2))\n",
-    "print (\"Radiation Power =%.2f kW\" %Pt)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "modulation index for Es (2.4) =9.6\n",
-      "modulation index for Es(7.2)=28.8\n",
-      "modulation indexfor Es(10) =40.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.4\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "delta=4.8;\n",
-    "Es=2.4;\n",
-    "K=delta/Es;\n",
-    "Es1=7.2;\n",
-    "delta1=K*Es1;\n",
-    "Es2=10;\n",
-    "delta2=K*Es2;\n",
-    "fs1=500*10**-3;\n",
-    "mf1=delta/fs1;\n",
-    "print (\"modulation index for Es (2.4) =%.1f\" %mf1)\n",
-    "mf2=delta1/fs1;\n",
-    "print (\"modulation index for Es(7.2)=%.1f\" %mf2)\n",
-    "mf3=delta2/fs1;\n",
-    "print (\"modulation indexfor Es(10) =%.1f\" %mf3)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "carrier frequency =95493.0 kHz\n",
-      "modulating frequency =198.9 Hz\n",
-      "maximum deviation =994.7 Hz\n",
-      "Power dissipated =7.2 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.5\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "wc=6*10**8;\n",
-    "fc=(wc)/(2*math.pi)*10**-3;\n",
-    "print (\"carrier frequency =%.1f kHz\" %fc)\n",
-    "ws=1250;\n",
-    "fs=(ws)/(2*math.pi);\n",
-    "print (\"modulating frequency =%.1f Hz\" %fs)\n",
-    "mf=5;\n",
-    "delta=mf*fs;\n",
-    "print (\"maximum deviation =%.1f Hz\" %delta)\n",
-    "Rms=12/(2**0.5);\n",
-    "P=Rms**2/10;\n",
-    "print (\"Power dissipated =%.1f W\" %P)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Band width =80 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.6\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "delta=10;\n",
-    "fs=2;\n",
-    "mf=delta/fs;\n",
-    "BW=16*mf;\n",
-    "print (\"Band width =%.0f kHz\" %BW)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "epm=8sin(0.6283*10**9t+10 sin 37.7*10**3t)V\n",
-      "for a signal voltage of 4 V\n",
-      "epm=8sin(0.6283*10**9t+13.33 sin 37.7*10**3t)V\n",
-      "for a fs of 8 kHz\n",
-      "epm=8sin(0.6283*10**9t+13.33 sin 50.27*10**3t)V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.7\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "fc=100*10**6;\n",
-    "wc=2*math.pi*fc;\n",
-    "fs=6*10**3;\n",
-    "ws=2*math.pi*fs;\n",
-    "delta=60*10**3;\n",
-    "mf=delta/fs;\n",
-    "mp=mf;\n",
-    "print ('epm=8sin(0.6283*10**9t+10 sin 37.7*10**3t)V')\n",
-    "print ('for a signal voltage of 4 V')\n",
-    "mp=4*10/3;\n",
-    "print ('epm=8sin(0.6283*10**9t+13.33 sin 37.7*10**3t)V')\n",
-    "print ('for a fs of 8 kHz')\n",
-    "print ('epm=8sin(0.6283*10**9t+13.33 sin 50.27*10**3t)V')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "range is 0-31 V with each step representing 1V\n",
-      "quattization error =0.4 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.8\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=5;\n",
-    "Ql=2**n;\n",
-    "Range=(Ql-1)*1;\n",
-    "print ('range is 0-31 V with each step representing 1V')\n",
-    "Qe=27.39-27;\n",
-    "print (\"quattization error =%.1f V\" %Qe)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For amplitude modulation\n",
-      "Minimum width of carrier channel =2.0 kHz\n",
-      "For frequency modulation\n",
-      "Minimum width of carrier channel =5.0 kHz\n",
-      "For pulse code modulation\n",
-      "Minimum width of carrier channel =8.0 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.9\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "print ('For amplitude modulation')\n",
-    "MCCW=2*1;\n",
-    "print (\"Minimum width of carrier channel =%.1f kHz\" %MCCW)\n",
-    "print ('For frequency modulation')\n",
-    "MCCW=2*(1.5+1);\n",
-    "print (\"Minimum width of carrier channel =%.1f kHz\" %MCCW)\n",
-    "print ('For pulse code modulation')\n",
-    "MCCW=8*1;\n",
-    "print (\"Minimum width of carrier channel =%.1f kHz\" %MCCW)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At 403 change in frequency\n",
-      "Fuel level =1650.0 L\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.10\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Fc=430-370;\n",
-    "print ('At 403 change in frequency')\n",
-    "Fc1=403-370;\n",
-    "Fuel_level=Fc1*3000/Fc;\n",
-    "print (\"Fuel level =%.1f L\" %Fuel_level)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "for good quality data the sampling rate should be at least 5 times the data frequency for one channel\n",
-      "sampling rate =1250.0 samples per second\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.11\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "print ('for good quality data the sampling rate should be at least 5 times the data frequency for one channel')\n",
-    "channel=5;\n",
-    "f=50;\n",
-    "sampling_rate=5*channel*f;\n",
-    "print (\"sampling rate =%.1f samples per second\" %sampling_rate)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum possible data transmission rate =6000.0 bits per second\n",
-      "minimum sampling rate per channel =2000.0 samples per second\n",
-      "maximum number of channels =42 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#4.12\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Vs=7;\n",
-    "Vn=1;\n",
-    "fh=10**3;\n",
-    "H=2*fh*math.log(1+(Vs/Vn),2);\n",
-    "print (\"Maximum possible data transmission rate =%.1f bits per second\" %H)\n",
-    "Sampling_rate=2*fh;\n",
-    "print (\"minimum sampling rate per channel =%.1f samples per second\" %Sampling_rate)\n",
-    "C_max=85714/2000;\n",
-    "print (\"maximum number of channels =%.0f \" %C_max)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "cutt off frquency =50.0 kHz \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#4.13\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "d_rate=100;\n",
-    "fc= 0.5*d_rate;\n",
-    "print (\"cutt off frquency =%.1f kHz \" %fc)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The modulated carrier will have a bandwidth of 100MHz+/- 1kHz.\n",
-      "therefore we can have 5 channels each transmitting a 1KHz data for 5kHz bandwidth\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#4.14\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "print ('The modulated carrier will have a bandwidth of 100MHz+/- 1kHz.')\n",
-    "print ('therefore we can have 5 channels each transmitting a 1KHz data for 5kHz bandwidth')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 4.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Bandwidth of intelligence =2475.0 Hz \n",
-      "Rise time=141.4 us \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 4.15\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Fd=7.5*165*10**3/100;\n",
-    "mf=5;\n",
-    "Bandwidth=Fd/mf;\n",
-    "print (\"Bandwidth of intelligence =%.1f Hz \" %Bandwidth)\n",
-    "Tr=0.35/Bandwidth*10**6;\n",
-    "print (\"Rise time=%.1f us \" %Tr)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch5_Z3v5KUy.ipynb b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch5_Z3v5KUy.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index c6229c34..00000000
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch5_Z3v5KUy.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,314 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 5:Advanced measuring instruments"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "A=0.000064\n",
-      "B=0.000512\n",
-      "since A<B so the instrument is underdamped\n",
-      "Number of turns=3356426 \n",
-      "current required to overcome friction=0.1 uA \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 5.1\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "D=8*10**-3;\n",
-    "A=D**2;\n",
-    "print ('A=%f'%A)\n",
-    "J=8*10**-3;\n",
-    "K=16*10**-3;\n",
-    "B=4*J*K;\n",
-    "print ('B=%f'%B)\n",
-    "print ('since A<B so the instrument is underdamped')\n",
-    "th=(100*math.pi)/180;\n",
-    "i=10*10**-3;\n",
-    "F=0.2*10**-6;\n",
-    "G=(K*th+F)/i;\n",
-    "l=65*10**-3;\n",
-    "d=25*10**-3;\n",
-    "N=G/(B*l*d);\n",
-    "print (\"Number of turns=%.0f \" %N)\n",
-    "i=F/G*10**6;\n",
-    "print (\"current required to overcome friction=%.1f uA \" %i)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "upper value of range=1896 Hz\n",
-      "lower value of range=696 Hz\n",
-      "So, the range of the frequency is from 696 to 1896 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 5.2\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "eta=0.6;\n",
-    "fn=2400;\n",
-    "M=0.98;\n",
-    "#M=1/(((1-u**2)**2)+(2*u*eta)**2)**0.5; ..........(i)\n",
-    "# On solving the above equation we get u=0.79\n",
-    "u=0.79;\n",
-    "fu=u*fn;\n",
-    "print (\"upper value of range=%.0f Hz\" %fu)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now let M=1.02, on solving equation (i) we have u=0.29\n",
-    "u=0.29;\n",
-    "fl=u*fn;\n",
-    "print (\"lower value of range=%.0f Hz\" %fl)\n",
-    "print ('So, the range of the frequency is from 696 to 1896 Hz')\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "phase displacement for the fundamental=7.37 degree\n",
-      "phase displacement for the 5th harmonic=40.48 degree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 5.3\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "eta=0.64;\n",
-    "u=0.1;\n",
-    "alpha_1=math.degrees(math.atan(2*eta*u/(1-u**2)))\n",
-    "print (\"phase displacement for the fundamental=%.2f degree\" %alpha_1)\n",
-    "u=0.5;\n",
-    "alpha_5=math.degrees(math.atan((2*eta*u/(1-u**2))))\n",
-    "print (\"phase displacement for the 5th harmonic=%.2f degree\" %alpha_5)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Percentage error for the production of 3rd harmonics=-0.56\n",
-      "Percentage error for the production of 5th harmonics=-1.54\n",
-      "Percentage error for the production of 7th harmonics=-2.97\n",
-      "Percentage error for the production of 11th harmonics=-7.03\n",
-      "Percentage error for the production of 13th harmonics=-9.55\n",
-      " Displacement of 13th harmonic=-1.23 degree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#5.4\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "To=1.0/2000;\n",
-    "T=1.0/50;\n",
-    "#Rn=1/(1+n**2*(To/T)**2)\n",
-    "R1=1.0/(1+1.0**2*(To/T)**2);\n",
-    "R3=1.0/(1+3**2*(To/T)**2);\n",
-    "R5=1.0/(1+5**2*(To/T)**2);\n",
-    "R7=1.0/(1+7**2*(To/T)**2);\n",
-    "R11=1.0/(1+11**2*(To/T)**2);\n",
-    "R13=1.0/(1+13**2*(To/T)**2);\n",
-    "PE3=(R3-1/1)*100;\n",
-    "print (\"Percentage error for the production of 3rd harmonics=%.2f\" %PE3)\n",
-    "PE5=(R5-1/1)*100;\n",
-    "print (\"Percentage error for the production of 5th harmonics=%.2f\" %PE5)\n",
-    "PE7=(R7-1/1)*100;\n",
-    "print (\"Percentage error for the production of 7th harmonics=%.2f\" %PE7)\n",
-    "PE11=(R11-1/1)*100;\n",
-    "print (\"Percentage error for the production of 11th harmonics=%.2f\" %PE11)\n",
-    "PE13=(R13-1/1)*100;\n",
-    "print (\"Percentage error for the production of 13th harmonics=%.2f\" %PE13)\n",
-    "#displacement of nth harmonic alpha=atan2*n/((T/To)-n**2*(To/T))\n",
-    "alpha_1=math.degrees(math.atan(2*1/((T/To)-(1**2*(To/T)))));\n",
-    "alpha_13=(math.degrees(math.atan(2*13/((T/To)-(13**2*(To/T))))));\n",
-    "alpha_1_equivalent_13=13*alpha_1;\n",
-    "phase_displacement_13=alpha_13-alpha_1_equivalent_13;\n",
-    "print (\" Displacement of 13th harmonic=%.2f degree\" %phase_displacement_13)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "minimum tape speed=7.81 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 5.5\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "W_min=2.5*6.25*10**-6;\n",
-    "f=500000;\n",
-    "S_min=W_min*f;\n",
-    "print (\"minimum tape speed=%.2f m/s\" %S_min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Number density of the tape=8 numbers/mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 5.6\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Num_per_sec=12000;\n",
-    "S=1.5*10**3;\n",
-    "Number_density=Num_per_sec/S;\n",
-    "print (\"Number density of the tape=%.0f numbers/mm\" %Number_density)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12+"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch6_PAvun9L.ipynb b/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch6_PAvun9L.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e745546c..00000000
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch6_PAvun9L.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,506 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 6:Cathode ray oscilloscope"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude of voltage after 10 ms=4.76 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 6.1\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Vcc=50;\n",
-    "t=10*10**-3;\n",
-    "R=500*10**3;\n",
-    "C=0.2*10**-6;\n",
-    "tc=R*C;\n",
-    "Vo=Vcc*(1-math.exp(-t/tc));\n",
-    "print (\"amplitude of voltage after 10 ms=%.2f V\" %Vo)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "voltage across the capacitor after 50 microsecond=1.36 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 6.2\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Vcc=4.76;\n",
-    "t=50*10**-6;\n",
-    "R=0.2*10**3;\n",
-    "C=0.2*10**-6;\n",
-    "tc=R*C;\n",
-    "Vo=Vcc*(math.exp(-t/tc));\n",
-    "print (\"voltage across the capacitor after 50 microsecond=%.2f V\" %Vo)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rise time=0.03 us\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 6.3\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "BW=10*10**6;\n",
-    "tr=0.35/BW*10**6;\n",
-    "print (\"Rise time=%.2f us\" %tr)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Attenuation factor=10.0 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 6.4\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=(9.0*10**3)+(900+90+10);\n",
-    "Rt=100*10**3;\n",
-    "Attenuation=R/Rt;\n",
-    "Attenuation_factor=1/Attenuation;\n",
-    "print (\"Attenuation factor=%.1f \" %Attenuation_factor)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Attenuation factor=11.0 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 6.5\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=10.0*10**3;\n",
-    "Ri=100*10**3;\n",
-    "Rt=100*10**3;\n",
-    "Rp=(Ri*R)/(Ri+R);\n",
-    "Attenuation=Rp/Rt;\n",
-    "Attenuation_factor=1/Attenuation;\n",
-    "print (\"Attenuation factor=%.1f \" %Attenuation_factor)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For point A Attenuation_factor=400\n",
-      "voltage per division value at point A=20.00\n",
-      "For point B Attenuation_factor=100\n",
-      "voltage per division value at point B=5.00\n",
-      "For point C Attenuation_factor=40\n",
-      "voltage per division value at point C=2.00\n",
-      "For point D Attenuation_factor=10\n",
-      "voltage per division value at point D=0.50\n",
-      "For point E Attenuation_factor=4\n",
-      "voltage per division value at point E=0.20\n",
-      "For point F Attenuation_factor=1\n",
-      "voltage per division value at point F=0.05\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 6.6\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Vo=50*10**-3;\n",
-    "print ('For point A Attenuation_factor=400')\n",
-    "Attenuation_factor=400;\n",
-    "Vi=Attenuation_factor*Vo;\n",
-    "print (\"voltage per division value at point A=%.2f\" %Vi)\n",
-    "print ('For point B Attenuation_factor=100')\n",
-    "Attenuation_factor=100;\n",
-    "Vi=Attenuation_factor*Vo;\n",
-    "print (\"voltage per division value at point B=%.2f\" %Vi)\n",
-    "print ('For point C Attenuation_factor=40')\n",
-    "Attenuation_factor=40;\n",
-    "Vi=Attenuation_factor*Vo;\n",
-    "print (\"voltage per division value at point C=%.2f\" %Vi)\n",
-    "print ('For point D Attenuation_factor=10')\n",
-    "Attenuation_factor=10;\n",
-    "Vi=Attenuation_factor*Vo;\n",
-    "print (\"voltage per division value at point D=%.2f\" %Vi)\n",
-    "print ('For point E Attenuation_factor=4')\n",
-    "Attenuation_factor=4;\n",
-    "Vi=Attenuation_factor*Vo;\n",
-    "print (\"voltage per division value at point E=%.2f\" %Vi)\n",
-    "print ('For point F Attenuation_factor=1')\n",
-    "Attenuation_factor=1;\n",
-    "Vi=Attenuation_factor*Vo;\n",
-    "print (\"voltage per division value at point F=%.2f\" %Vi)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Attenuationn for dc=10.0\n",
-      "Attenuationn for ac=3.0\n",
-      "Therefore the attenuation with ac is different from that of dc\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#6.7\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "R2=100*10**3;\n",
-    "Vi=1.0;\n",
-    "R1=900*10**3;\n",
-    "Vo_dc=Vi*R2/(R1+R2);\n",
-    "k_dc=1/Vo_dc;\n",
-    "print (\"Attenuationn for dc=%.1f\" % k_dc)\n",
-    "XC2=1592.0;\n",
-    "Vi=1;\n",
-    "XC1=3183;\n",
-    "Vo_ac=Vi*XC2/(XC1+XC2);\n",
-    "k_ac=1/Vo_ac;\n",
-    "print (\"Attenuationn for ac=%.1f\" % k_ac)\n",
-    "print ('Therefore the attenuation with ac is different from that of dc')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity of the beam of electrons=16772557.39 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 6.8\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
-    "Ea=800;\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31;\n",
-    "Vox=(2*e*Ea/m)**0.5;\n",
-    "print (\"maximum velocity of the beam of electrons=%.2f m/s\" %Vox)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity of the beam of electrons=26519741.77 m/s\n",
-      "deflection sensitivity=0.38 mm/V\n",
-      "Deflection Factor=2.67 V/mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 6.9\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
-    "Ea=2000;\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31;\n",
-    "Vox=(2*e*Ea/m)**0.5;\n",
-    "print (\"maximum velocity of the beam of electrons=%.2f m/s\" %Vox)\n",
-    "L=5;\n",
-    "ld=1.5*10**-2;\n",
-    "d=5*10**-3;\n",
-    "S=(L*ld/2*d*Ea);\n",
-    "print (\"deflection sensitivity=%.2f mm/V\" %S)\n",
-    "G=1/S;\n",
-    "print (\"Deflection Factor=%.2f V/mm\" %G)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Input voltage required for deflection of 3mm =1.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 6.10\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Ea=2000;\n",
-    "L=0.3;\n",
-    "ld=2*10**-2;\n",
-    "d=5*10**-3;\n",
-    "D=3*10**-2;\n",
-    "Ed=(2*d*Ea*D)/(L*ld);\n",
-    "gain=100;\n",
-    "V_require=Ed/gain;\n",
-    "print (\"Input voltage required for deflection of 3mm =%.1f V\" %V_require)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "deletable": true,
-    "editable": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity of the beam of electrons=26519741.77 m/s\n",
-      "Cutt off frequency=132.60 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# 6.11\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
-    "Ea=2000;\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31;\n",
-    "Vox=(2*e*Ea/m)**0.5;\n",
-    "print (\"maximum velocity of the beam of electrons=%.2f m/s\" %Vox)\n",
-    "l=50*10**-3;\n",
-    "fc=Vox/(4*l)*10**-6;\n",
-    "print (\"Cutt off frequency=%.2f MHz\" %fc)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12+"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quardratic_Functions.ipynb b/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quardratic.ipynb
index 0e4c06fd..0e4c06fd 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quardratic_Functions.ipynb
+++ b/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quardratic.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter2Antenna_Fundamen_nOX9Pla.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter2Antenna.ipynb
index 11e3c556..11e3c556 100644
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter2Antenna_Fundamen_nOX9Pla.ipynb
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter2Antenna.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter2Antenna_Fundamentals.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter2Antenna_Fundamen.ipynb
index 11e3c556..11e3c556 100644
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter2Antenna_Fundamentals.ipynb
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter2Antenna_Fundamen.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter3Loop_and_Helical_Antenna.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter3Loop_and_Helical.ipynb
index e85d677a..e85d677a 100644
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter3Loop_and_Helical_Antenna.ipynb
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter3Loop_and_Helical.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter3Loop_and_Helical_zUDCuPO.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter3Loop_and_Helical_zUDCuPO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e85d677a..00000000
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter3Loop_and_Helical_zUDCuPO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,185 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 3 Loop and Helical Antenna"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 3.1 Directive gain calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "scrolled": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The directive gain is 63.723\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#tan(alpha)=s/c;\n",
-    "#helical antenna Gdmax=15NSC^2/lamda^3\n",
-    "c=1;\n",
-    "n=20;\n",
-    "lamda=1;\n",
-    "s=math.tan(0.2093)*1;  #12*math.pi/180 radians\n",
-    "Gdmax=(15*n*s*(c)**2)/(lamda)**3;\n",
-    "print(\"The directive gain is %.3f\"%Gdmax)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 3.2 HPBW calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The wavelength is 0.1 m\n",
-      "The directive gain is 900\n",
-      "The half power beamwidth is 21.2289 degree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#helical antenna\n",
-    "#part a\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;\n",
-    "f=3*10**9;\n",
-    "lamda=c/f;\n",
-    "print(\"The wavelength is %g m\"%lamda);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#part b\n",
-    "n=20;\n",
-    "s=0.03;\n",
-    "c=0.1;\n",
-    "Gdmax=(15*20*0.3*(0.1)**2)/(0.1)**3;\n",
-    "print(\"The directive gain is %g\"%Gdmax);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#part c\n",
-    "HPBW=math.sqrt((0.1)**3/(20*0.03))*520;\n",
-    "print(\"The half power beamwidth is %g degree\"%HPBW)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 3.3 Radiation resistance calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The radiation resistance is 30.7932 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#loop antenna\n",
-    "r=10;\n",
-    "lamda=100;\n",
-    "A=(math.pi)*r**2;\n",
-    "Rr=31200*(A/lamda**2)**2;\n",
-    "print(\"The radiation resistance is %g ohm\"%Rr);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 3.4 Radiation Resisitance calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The radiation resistance is 3.12 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#loop antenna\n",
-    "l=1;\n",
-    "b=1;\n",
-    "A=l*b;\n",
-    "lamda=100;\n",
-    "Rrad=31200*(A/lamda**2);\n",
-    "print(\"The radiation resistance is %g ohm\"%Rrad);"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 1
-}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter6Aperture_and_Len_586ZLDf.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter6Aperture_and_Len.ipynb
index 85cca3f8..85cca3f8 100644
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter6Aperture_and_Len_586ZLDf.ipynb
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter6Aperture_and_Len.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter6Aperture_and_Len_qrcBs8D.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter6Aperture_and_Lens.ipynb
index 85cca3f8..85cca3f8 100644
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter6Aperture_and_Len_qrcBs8D.ipynb
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter6Aperture_and_Lens.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter6Aperture_and_Lens_Antenna.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter6Aperture_and_Lens_Antenna.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 85cca3f8..00000000
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter6Aperture_and_Lens_Antenna.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 6 Aperture and Lens Antenna"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 6.1 Directive gain calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The length is 62.5 m\n",
-      "The angle ThetaE is 9.14784 degree\n",
-      "The angle ThetaH is 12.5216 degree\n",
-      "The H plane aperture is 13.7136\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "The HPBWE is 5.6 degree\n",
-      "The HPBWH is 4.88567 degree\n",
-      "The Directive gain in db is 30.1221 db\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#horn antenna\n",
-    "Ae=10;\n",
-    "del_a=0.2;\n",
-    "p=Ae**2/(8*del_a);\n",
-    "del1=0.375;\n",
-    "Thetae=2*math.atan((Ae/(2*p)))*180/(math.pi); #flare angle\n",
-    "Thetah=2*math.acos(p/(p+del1))*180/(math.pi);\n",
-    "Ah=2*p*math.tan(((Thetah*(math.pi)/180)/2));\n",
-    "print(\"The length is %g m\"%p);\n",
-    "print(\"The angle ThetaE is %g degree\"%Thetae);\n",
-    "print(\"The angle ThetaH is %g degree\"%Thetah);\n",
-    "print(\"The H plane aperture is %g\"%Ah);\n",
-    "HPBWH=67/Ah;\n",
-    "HPBWE=56/Ae;\n",
-    "Ddb=10*math.log10((7.5*Ae*Ah));\n",
-    "print('\\n')\n",
-    "print(\"The HPBWE is %g degree\"%HPBWE);\n",
-    "print(\"The HPBWH is %g degree\"%HPBWH);\n",
-    "print(\"The Directive gain in db is %g db\"%Ddb);   "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 6.2 Effective aperture calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The diameter d is 1.4 m\n",
-      "The effective aperture is 1.53938 m^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#parabolic reflector antenna\n",
-    "BWFN=10;\n",
-    "f=3*10**9;\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;\n",
-    "lamda=c/f;\n",
-    "d=140*lamda/(BWFN);\n",
-    "print(\"The diameter d is %g m\"%d);\n",
-    "#For circular parabolidal antenna\n",
-    "Ae=((math.pi)*(d**2))/4;\n",
-    "print(\"The effective aperture is %g m^2\"%Ae);"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 1
-}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter7Propagation_of_R_2ezBMBQ.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter7Propagation_of_R.ipynb
index 1b7b1b68..1b7b1b68 100644
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter7Propagation_of_R_2ezBMBQ.ipynb
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter7Propagation_of_R.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter7Propagation_of_R_VM04h2B.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter7Propagation_of_Radio.ipynb
index 1b7b1b68..1b7b1b68 100644
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter7Propagation_of_R_VM04h2B.ipynb
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter7Propagation_of_Radio.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter7Propagation_of_Radio_Waves.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter7Propagation_of_Radio_Waves.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1b7b1b68..00000000
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter7Propagation_of_Radio_Waves.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,632 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 7 Propagation of Radio Waves"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.1 Frequency calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The maximum stable frequency is 1.76086e+07 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fcr=11*10**6;\n",
-    "D=1000;\n",
-    "h=400;\n",
-    "fmuf=fcr*math.sqrt(1+(D/(2*h))**2);\n",
-    "print(\"The maximum stable frequency is %g Hz\"%fmuf);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.2 Usable frequency calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The critical frequency is 2.84605e+06 Hz\n",
-      "The maximum usable frequency is 3.0287e+06 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nmax=10**11;\n",
-    "phi=(math.pi)/9;\n",
-    "fcr=math.sqrt(81*Nmax);\n",
-    "print(\"The critical frequency is %g Hz\"%fcr);\n",
-    "fmuf=fcr*(1/math.cos(phi));\n",
-    "print(\"The maximum usable frequency is %g Hz\"%fmuf);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.3 Critical frequency calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The critical frequency is 6.00115e+06 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=2000;\n",
-    "h=200;\n",
-    "fmuf=30.6*10**6;\n",
-    "fcr=fmuf/math.sqrt(1+(D/(2*h))**2);\n",
-    "print(\"The critical frequency is %g Hz\"%fcr);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.4 Skip distance calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Nmax value is 2.34568e+11 /m^3\n",
-      "The critical frequency is 4.3589e+06 Hz\n",
-      "The skip distance is 1.65179e+06 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=0.9;\n",
-    "fmuf=10*10**6;\n",
-    "f=10*10**6;\n",
-    "h=400*10**3;\n",
-    "Nmax=(1-n**2)*f**2/81;\n",
-    "print(\"The Nmax value is %g /m^3\"%Nmax);\n",
-    "fcr=math.sqrt(81*Nmax);\n",
-    "print(\"The critical frequency is %g Hz\"%fcr);\n",
-    "Dskip=2*h*math.sqrt((fmuf/fcr)**2-1);\n",
-    "print(\"The skip distance is %g m\"%Dskip);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.5 Efield calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The wavelength is 250 m\n",
-      "The electric field is 0.101788 V/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ht=150;\n",
-    "hr=2;\n",
-    "Is=9;\n",
-    "d=40*10**3;\n",
-    "f=1.2*10**6;\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;\n",
-    "lamda=c/f;\n",
-    "print(\"The wavelength is %d m\"%lamda);\n",
-    "E=120*(math.pi)*ht*hr*Is/(lamda*d);\n",
-    "print(\"The electric field is %g V/m\"%E);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.6 Transmission height calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The height of transmission is 2.98243e+07 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dmax=45*10**3;\n",
-    "ht=(dmax/8.24)**2; #dmax=4.12[sqrt(ht)+sqrt(hr)];ht=hr;\n",
-    "print(\"The height of transmission is %g m\"%ht);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.7 Nmax calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fcre=2.5*10**6;\n",
-    "fcrf=8.5*10**6;\n",
-    "Nmaxe=(fcre)**2/81;\n",
-    "Nmaxf=(fcrf)**2/81;\n",
-    "print(\"The Nmax for e layer is %g /m^3\"%Nmaxe);\n",
-    "print(\"The Nmax for f layer is %g /m^3\"%Nmaxf);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.8 Critical freq calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The critical frequencies are 14.2302Hz 16.8375Hz 11.0227Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nmaxf1=2.5;\n",
-    "Nmaxf2=3.5;\n",
-    "Nmaxf3=1.5;#10^6*10^-6=1;\n",
-    "fcr1=math.sqrt(81*Nmaxf1);\n",
-    "fcr2=math.sqrt(81*Nmaxf2);\n",
-    "fcr3=math.sqrt(81*Nmaxf3);\n",
-    "print(\"The critical frequencies are %gHz %gHz %gHz\"%(fcr1,fcr2,fcr3));"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.9 Electron Density calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Nmax values are 2.5e+11 m^3 2.77778e+10 m^3\n",
-      "The change in electron density is 2.22222e+11 m^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fcr1=4.5*10**6;\n",
-    "fcr2=1.5*10**6;\n",
-    "Nmax1=(fcr1/9)**2;\n",
-    "Nmax2=(fcr2/9)**2;\n",
-    "print(\"The Nmax values are %g m^3 %g m^3\"%(Nmax1,Nmax2));\n",
-    "Nmax=Nmax1-Nmax2;\n",
-    "print(\"The change in electron density is %g m^3\"%Nmax);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.10 Frequency calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The frequency is 2.078461e+05 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note:10^6 is the power and not 10^-6 as mentioned in book\n",
-    "n=0.5;\n",
-    "N=400*10**6;\n",
-    "f=math.sqrt((81*N)/(1-n**2));\n",
-    "print(\"The frequency is %e Hz\"%f);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.11 Critical freq calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The critical frequency is 1.200084e+07 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=1500;\n",
-    "h=250;\n",
-    "fmuf=37.95*10**6;\n",
-    "fcr=fmuf/math.sqrt(1+(D/(2*h))**2);\n",
-    "print(\"The critical frequency is %e Hz\"%fcr);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.12 Usable freq calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The maximum usable frequency is 3.16475e+07 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=2500;\n",
-    "h=200;\n",
-    "fcr=5*10**6;\n",
-    "fmuf=fcr*math.sqrt(1+(D/(2*h))**2);\n",
-    "print(\"The maximum usable frequency is %g Hz\"%fmuf);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.13 virtual height calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The virtual height is given by 750000 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=5*10**-3;\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;\n",
-    "h=c*(T/2);\n",
-    "print(\"The virtual height is given by %g m\"%h);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.14 LOS calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The line of sight distance is 46.6572 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ht=40;\n",
-    "hr=25;\n",
-    "f=90*10**6;\n",
-    "p=35;\n",
-    "LOS=4.12*(math.sqrt(ht)+math.sqrt(hr));\n",
-    "print(\"The line of sight distance is %g m\"%LOS);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.15 critical freq calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The critical frequency is 1.01025e+07 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nmax=1.26*10**12;\n",
-    "fcr=math.sqrt(81*Nmax);\n",
-    "print(\"The critical frequency is %g Hz\"%fcr)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.16 critical freq calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The critical frequency is 1.0022e+07 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nmax=1.24*10**12;\n",
-    "fcr=math.sqrt(81*Nmax);\n",
-    "print(\"The critical frequency is %g Hz\"%fcr);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.17 usable freq calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The maximum usable frequency is 6.7082e+06 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fcr=6*10**6;\n",
-    "D=200*10**3;\n",
-    "h=200*10**3;\n",
-    "fmuf=fcr*math.sqrt(1+(D/(2*h))**2);\n",
-    "print(\"The maximum usable frequency is %g Hz\"%fmuf);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## 7.18 Range calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The maximum range is 24.1419 miles\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ht=100;\n",
-    "hr=50;\n",
-    "d=1.4142*(math.sqrt(ht)+math.sqrt(hr));\n",
-    "print(\"The maximum range is %g miles\"%d);"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 1
-}
diff --git a/Applied_Chemistry_by_Dr._Mrs.Trupti_Paradkar/Chapter_01_Water.ipynb b/Applied_Chemistry_by_Dr._Mrs.Trupti_Paradkar/Chapter_01.ipynb
index a630b2b3..a630b2b3 100755
--- a/Applied_Chemistry_by_Dr._Mrs.Trupti_Paradkar/Chapter_01_Water.ipynb
+++ b/Applied_Chemistry_by_Dr._Mrs.Trupti_Paradkar/Chapter_01.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Chemistry_by_Dr._Mrs.Trupti_Paradkar/Chapter_03_Lubricants.ipynb b/Applied_Chemistry_by_Dr._Mrs.Trupti_Paradkar/Chapter_03.ipynb
index 56b9fa93..56b9fa93 100755
--- a/Applied_Chemistry_by_Dr._Mrs.Trupti_Paradkar/Chapter_03_Lubricants.ipynb
+++ b/Applied_Chemistry_by_Dr._Mrs.Trupti_Paradkar/Chapter_03.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_P_K_Mittal/Chapter_12_Fibre_Optics.ipynb b/Applied_Physics_by_P_K_Mittal/Chapter_12_Fibre.ipynb
index f573b0a2..f573b0a2 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_P_K_Mittal/Chapter_12_Fibre_Optics.ipynb
+++ b/Applied_Physics_by_P_K_Mittal/Chapter_12_Fibre.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter11.ipynb b/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter11.ipynb
index 3d0851bb..880f5085 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter11.ipynb
@@ -339,6 +339,7 @@
     "x=1-delta;\n",
     "n1=math.sqrt(NA**2/(1-x**2));    #refractive index of core \n",
     "n2=x*n1;                         #refractive index of cladding\n",
+    "\n",
     "#Result\n",
     "print \"refractive index of core is\",round(n1,4)\n",
     "print \"refractive index of cladding is\",round(n2,3)"
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter3.ipynb b/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter3.ipynb
index 1af94463..69e1a5ee 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter3.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -142,11 +142,19 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
+    "collapsed": false
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "ratio d100:d110:d111 is 1 *math.sqrt(6) : 1 *math.sqrt(3) : 1 *math.sqrt(2)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "#importing modules\n",
     "import math\n",
@@ -165,30 +173,37 @@
     "a=1;     #assume\n",
     "\n",
     "#Calculation\n",
-    "d100=a/math.sqrt(h1**2+k1**2+l1**2);    #spacing(nm)\n",
+    "d100=a/math.sqrt(h1**2+k1**2+l1**2);    #spacing(nm)                          \n",
     "d110=a/math.sqrt(h2**2+k2**2+l2**2);    #spacing(nm)\n",
     "d111=a/math.sqrt(h3**2+k3**2+l3**2);    #spacing(nm)\n",
+    "x=int(1/d100)**2;\n",
+    "y=int((1/d110)**2);\n",
+    "z=int(round((1/d111)**2));       #taking squares of the value of spacing since lcm function doesnt work on square root\n",
     "\n",
-    "def lcm(x, y):\n",
-    "    if x > y:\n",
-    "        greater = x\n",
-    "    else:\n",
+    "def lcm(y, z):\n",
+    "    if y > z:\n",
     "        greater = y\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        greater = z\n",
     "    while(True):\n",
-    "        if((greater % x == 0) and (greater % y == 0)):\n",
+    "        if((greater % y == 0) and (greater % z == 0)):\n",
     "            lcm = greater\n",
     "            break\n",
     "        greater += 1\n",
     "        \n",
     "    return lcm\n",
     "\n",
-    "lcm=lcm(1/d110,1/d111);\n",
-    "d100=d100*lcm;\n",
-    "d110=d110*lcm;\n",
-    "d111=d111*lcm;      #ratio d100:d110:d111\n",
+    "l=lcm(y,z);\n",
+    "l=math.sqrt(l);\n",
+    "d1=d100*l;\n",
+    "d10=d110*l;\n",
+    "d11=d111*l;      #ratio d100:d110:d111\n",
+    "d1=int(d1/math.sqrt(6));\n",
+    "d10=int(round(d10/math.sqrt(3)));\n",
+    "d11=int(d11/math.sqrt(2));\n",
     "\n",
     "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio d100:d110:d111 is\",d100/math.sqrt(6),\"*math.sqrt(6)\",d110/math.sqrt(3),\"*math.sqrt(3)\",d111/math.sqrt(2),\"*math.sqrt(2)\""
+    "print \"ratio d100:d110:d111 is\",d1,\"*math.sqrt(6) :\",d10,\"*math.sqrt(3) :\",d11,\"*math.sqrt(2)\""
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -200,11 +215,19 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
-   "outputs": [],
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "lattice parameter is 3.522 angstrom\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
    "source": [
     "#importing modules\n",
     "import math\n",
@@ -235,7 +258,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5.ipynb b/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5.ipynb
index 40c994ca..cf59e53f 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5.ipynb
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter6.ipynb b/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter6.ipynb
index 2dcacfe6..8666cfc4 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter6.ipynb
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "polarisability is 2.242e-41 Fm**2\n",
+      " polarisability is 2.242e-41 Fm**2\n",
       "radius of electron cloud is 5.864 *10**-11 m\n",
       "answer for radius given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n",
       "displacement is 0.7 *10**-16 m\n"
@@ -333,6 +333,7 @@
     "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12;    \n",
     "E=10**6;        #electric field(V/m)\n",
     "Z=2;\n",
+    "e=1.6*10**-19;    #charge(coulomb)\n",
     "\n",
     "#Calculation\n",
     "alphae=epsilon0*(epsilonr-1)/N;    #polarisability(Fm**2)\n",
@@ -340,7 +341,7 @@
     "d=alphae*E/(Z*e);                   #displacement(m) \n",
     "\n",
     "#Result\n",
-    "print \"polarisability is\",alpha_e,\"Fm**2\"\n",
+    "print \"polarisability is\",alphae,\"Fm**2\"\n",
     "print \"radius of electron cloud is\",round(r*10**11,3),\"*10**-11 m\"\n",
     "print \"answer for radius given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\"\n",
     "print \"displacement is\",round(d*10**16,1),\"*10**-16 m\""
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1.ipynb
index feea1a84..dfa6106f 100755..100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -11,12 +11,52 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
+    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing modules\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
+    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
+    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
+    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
+    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
+    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
     "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -60,7 +100,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10.ipynb
index 254b9907..254b9907 100755..100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_BgWWnnZ.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_BgWWnnZ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_BgWWnnZ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_EAg6827.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_EAg6827.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_EAg6827.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_FWFi3lU.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_FWFi3lU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_FWFi3lU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_Goix5H9.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_Goix5H9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_Goix5H9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_VppI6PU.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_VppI6PU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_VppI6PU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_VriTfiQ.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_VriTfiQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_VriTfiQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_Yq1Psz2.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_Yq1Psz2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_Yq1Psz2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_eDxglQh.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_eDxglQh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_eDxglQh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_gxeRt4T.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_gxeRt4T.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_gxeRt4T.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_kN6Dpid.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_kN6Dpid.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_kN6Dpid.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_l9H0tzb.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_l9H0tzb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_l9H0tzb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_pYSKzNA.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_pYSKzNA.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_pYSKzNA.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_s0rxYmx.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_s0rxYmx.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_s0rxYmx.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_u0ZzXNL.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_u0ZzXNL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_u0ZzXNL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_vTLvAsl.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_vTLvAsl.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_vTLvAsl.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_zs7Ebyd.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_zs7Ebyd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 254b9907..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_zs7Ebyd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Vibrations in Bars"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is 1780.0 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 31.691 Hz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.01/2;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "V=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "fL=V/(2*l);    #fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "fT=math.pi*V*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));         #fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of longitudinal vibrations is\",fL,\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(fT,3),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 1.96 *10**11 N/m**2\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "C=5050;     #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "rho=7700;     #steel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=C**2*rho;        #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is 25.35 Hz\n",
-      "first overtone of transverse vibrations is 69.9 Hz\n",
-      "answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=1;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "R=0.004;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "C=3560;     #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;    #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "f1=math.pi*C*k*x**2/(8*(l**2));     #fundamental frequency of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=math.pi*C*k*5**2/(8*(l**2));     #first overtone of transverse mode of vibration(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency of transverse vibrations is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"first overtone of transverse vibrations is\",round(f2,1),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for first overtone in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "value of a is 0.00195 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.2;     #bar length(m)\n",
-    "C=4990;    #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "x=3.0112; \n",
-    "f1=250;     #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=f1*8*(l**2)*math.sqrt(12)/(math.pi*C*(x**2));     #value of a(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"value of a is\",round(a,5),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency is 0.155 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=21*10**10;          #youngs modulus(N/m**2) \n",
-    "rho=8800;             #nickel density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "R=0.01;               #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=R/2;                     #geometric radius(m)\n",
-    "C=math.sqrt(Y/rho);        #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=C/(2*math.pi*k);         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",round(f/10**6,3),\"MHz\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11.ipynb
index 2722c8a0..2722c8a0 100755..100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_2hw19L7.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_2hw19L7.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_2hw19L7.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_47129pd.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_47129pd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_47129pd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_CGVC5S7.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_CGVC5S7.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_CGVC5S7.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_H6Aw2dq.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_H6Aw2dq.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_H6Aw2dq.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_MgAOe9x.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_MgAOe9x.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_MgAOe9x.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_aM6HbOJ.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_aM6HbOJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_aM6HbOJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_d4LZwNS.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_d4LZwNS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_d4LZwNS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_elTomjM.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_elTomjM.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_elTomjM.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_hIH40hA.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_hIH40hA.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_hIH40hA.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_hfcwfMy.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_hfcwfMy.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_hfcwfMy.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_orxiKvI.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_orxiKvI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_orxiKvI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_q9HWgq6.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_q9HWgq6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_q9HWgq6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_rDaXznv.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_rDaXznv.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_rDaXznv.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_rVPjDNV.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_rVPjDNV.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_rVPjDNV.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_shlSF2D.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_shlSF2D.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_shlSF2D.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_tIlzIkR.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_tIlzIkR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2722c8a0..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_tIlzIkR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Vibrations in Strings"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 10 cm\n",
-      "frequency is 1 Hz\n",
-      "wavelength is 200.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=10sinmath.pi(0.01x-2t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=Asin(kx-omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=10;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "k=0.01*math.pi;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=omega/(2*math.pi);        #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi/k;          #wavelength(cm) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(f),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "along negative axis displacement y= 0.01 sin( 10 *math.pi/3 x + 1100 t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=550;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=0.01;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "v=330;       #wave velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;     #angular frequency\n",
-    "k=omega/v;             #wavelength constant\n",
-    "#along negative axis displacement y=Asin(kx+omegat) substitute the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"along negative axis displacement y=\",A,\"sin(\",int(k*3/math.pi),\"*math.pi/3 x +\",int(omega/math.pi),\"t)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wave velocity is 40.82 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;          #length(m)\n",
-    "m=0.6;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "T=500;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=m/l;      #linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 1.028 units\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=10;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "t=1;        #assume\n",
-    "y1=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)-(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "y2=5*math.sin(((2*math.pi*t)+(2*x))*math.pi/180);          #transverse wave\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=y1+y2;        #amplitude(units)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",round(y,3),\"units\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "string linear density is 0.0249 kg/m\n",
-      "wave velocity is 633.56 m/s\n",
-      "fundamental frequency is 316.78 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 1st overtone is 633.56 Hz\n",
-      "frequency of 2nd overtone is 950.34 Hz\n",
-      "fundamental wavelength is 2 m\n",
-      "1st overtone wavelength is 1 m\n",
-      "2nd overtone wavelength is 0.667 m\n",
-      "answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=1*10**-3;           #string radius(m)\n",
-    "l=1;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "rho=7930;             #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "T=10**4;              #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mew=math.pi*r**2*rho/l;       #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);           #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "f1=v/(2*l);                   #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "f2=2*f1;                      #frequency of 1st overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "f3=3*f1;                      #frequency of 2nd overtone(Hz)\n",
-    "lamda1=2*l/1;                 #fundamental wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda2=2*l/2;                 #1st overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "lamda3=2*l/3;                 #2nd overtone wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"string linear density is\",round(mew,4),\"kg/m\"\n",
-    "print \"wave velocity is\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f1,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 1st overtone is\",round(f2,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of 2nd overtone is\",round(f3,2),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"fundamental wavelength is\",int(lamda1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"1st overtone wavelength is\",int(lamda2),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"2nd overtone wavelength is\",round(lamda3,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answers in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power is 19.74 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew=0.1;      #string linear density(kg/m)\n",
-    "A=0.1;        #amplitude(m)\n",
-    "f=10;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=10;        #tension(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(T/mew);       #wave velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "P=2*math.pi**2*f**2*A**2*v*mew;      #power(watt)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"power is\",round(P,2),\"watts\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tension in string is 524.29 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "f=500;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "T=500;         #tension(N)\n",
-    "f1=512;        #required frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*f1**2/f**2;       #tension in string(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"tension in string is\",round(T1,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude at x=5 is 4.0\n",
-      "first node position is 0.0 m\n",
-      "second node position is 30.0 m\n",
-      "third node position is 60.0 m\n",
-      "wavelength is 60.0 m\n",
-      "component transverse wave equations are y1= 4.0 sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given Y=8sin(math.pi*x/30)cos(48*math.pi*t)\n",
-    "#by comparing with Y=2Asin(kx)cos(omegat) we get\n",
-    "A=8/2;     #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "omega=48*math.pi;\n",
-    "x=5;       #stationary wave point\n",
-    "k=math.pi/30;      #wavelength constant\n",
-    "y1=0;\n",
-    "y2=math.pi;\n",
-    "y3=2*math.pi;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=2*A*math.sin(math.pi*x/30);      #amplitude at x=5\n",
-    "x1=y1*30/math.pi;                  #first node position(m)  \n",
-    "x2=y2*30/math.pi;                  #second node position(m)  \n",
-    "x3=y3*30/math.pi;                  #third node position(m)  \n",
-    "lamda=2*(x3-x2);                   #wavelength(m) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude at x=5 is\",y\n",
-    "print \"first node position is\",x1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"second node position is\",x2,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"third node position is\",x3,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",lamda,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"component transverse wave equations are y1=\",A,\"sin math.pi((x/30)-(48*t))\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12.ipynb
index a30f5154..a30f5154 100755..100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_4NAW2Fm.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_4NAW2Fm.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_4NAW2Fm.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_8Ha6SRC.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_8Ha6SRC.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_8Ha6SRC.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_BV4qq7W.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_BV4qq7W.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_BV4qq7W.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_DcqNS3a.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_DcqNS3a.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_DcqNS3a.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_FfNxDUK.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_FfNxDUK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_FfNxDUK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_GaxQomY.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_GaxQomY.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_GaxQomY.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_KSMDD0L.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_KSMDD0L.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_KSMDD0L.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_PgrcCS3.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_PgrcCS3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_PgrcCS3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_TWDQmEU.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_TWDQmEU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_TWDQmEU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_ZDZIhlt.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_ZDZIhlt.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_ZDZIhlt.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_gTfdUW2.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_gTfdUW2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_gTfdUW2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_gYL8x2U.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_gYL8x2U.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_gYL8x2U.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_lFLDbkQ.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_lFLDbkQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_lFLDbkQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_pwlIEac.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_pwlIEac.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_pwlIEac.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_qUFA2gJ.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_qUFA2gJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_qUFA2gJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_yPXnLG6.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_yPXnLG6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a30f5154..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_yPXnLG6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Ultrasonics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fundamental frequency is 958.33 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=5750;       #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "t=3*10**-3;        #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #fundamental frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fundamental frequency is\",round(f/10**3,2),\"KHz\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 394"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency is 1365.0 KHz\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=7.9*10**10;       #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "rho=2650;           #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-3;         #thickness(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(Y/rho);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=2*t;          #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "f=v/lamda;      #natural frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency is\",round(f/10**3),\"KHz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pressure wave amplitude is 13.04 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho0=1.21;      #air density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=343;       #sound velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "f=500;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "A=10**-5;         #displacement amplitude(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f;       #angular frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Pe=rho0*C*omega*A;       #pressure wave amplitude(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"pressure wave amplitude is\",round(Pe,2),\"N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 395"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of pressure amplitudes is 58.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z1=1.43*10**6;      #value of constant in water(Rayls)\n",
-    "Z2=425.7;      #value of constant in air(Rayls)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pe1byPe2=math.sqrt(Z1/Z2);     #ratio of pressure amplitudes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of pressure amplitudes is\",round(Pe1byPe2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_9Ph1wQl.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_9Ph1wQl.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dfa6106f..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_9Ph1wQl.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_E9Xl5A5.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_E9Xl5A5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dfa6106f..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_E9Xl5A5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_H4ZXqG6.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_H4ZXqG6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dfa6106f..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_H4ZXqG6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_R7vvA9U.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_R7vvA9U.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dfa6106f..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_R7vvA9U.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_RJFpm9n.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_RJFpm9n.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dfa6106f..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_RJFpm9n.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_Rka6634.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_Rka6634.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f7586865..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_Rka6634.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_cZJsXcd.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_cZJsXcd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f7586865..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_cZJsXcd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_dUqImJN.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_dUqImJN.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dfa6106f..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_dUqImJN.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_eLqBEle.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_eLqBEle.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f7586865..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_eLqBEle.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_gT6MNQK.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_gT6MNQK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dfa6106f..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_gT6MNQK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_hdpf5pv.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_hdpf5pv.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dfa6106f..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_hdpf5pv.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_kdoUcUP.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_kdoUcUP.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f7586865..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_kdoUcUP.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_meY4gNm.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_meY4gNm.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f7586865..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_meY4gNm.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_s7mmHTE.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_s7mmHTE.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dfa6106f..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_s7mmHTE.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_svi606z.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_svi606z.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dfa6106f..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_svi606z.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_yZrBrGW.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_yZrBrGW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dfa6106f..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_yZrBrGW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Vector Analysis"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "divergence of force vector is 3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import tplquad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "func = lambda x,y,z: 2*(x+y+z)\n",
-    "x1,x2 = 0,1\n",
-    "y1,y2 = lambda x: 0, lambda x: 1\n",
-    "z1,z2 = lambda x,y: 0, lambda x,y: 1\n",
-    "r1,r2=tplquad(func,x1,x2,y1,y2,z1,z2)      \n",
-    "r=r1-r2;          #divergence of force vector\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"divergence of force vector is\",int(round(r))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 59 /60\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return x**3\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*x**4\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 3*x**8\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*60),\"/60\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the result is 2 /3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return (x-(x**2))\n",
-    "r1=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(x):\n",
-    "    return 2*((x**2)+(x**3))\n",
-    "r2=quad(zintg,0,1)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return 2*((y**3)-(y**2))\n",
-    "r3=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "def zintg(y):\n",
-    "    return (y**2)+y\n",
-    "r4=quad(zintg,1,0)[0]\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4;             #result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the result is\",int(r*3),\"/3\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2.ipynb
index 68990ae4..68990ae4 100755..100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_3CrecVA.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_3CrecVA.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_3CrecVA.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_3GOPcRl.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_3GOPcRl.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_3GOPcRl.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_3oe48aD.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_3oe48aD.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_3oe48aD.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_4iVYyIH.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_4iVYyIH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_4iVYyIH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_96qogp8.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_96qogp8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_96qogp8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_97bKbrn.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_97bKbrn.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_97bKbrn.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_9JuQtXK.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_9JuQtXK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_9JuQtXK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_F25WLJ6.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_F25WLJ6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_F25WLJ6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_KU6DQxX.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_KU6DQxX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_KU6DQxX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_WQAFWBB.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_WQAFWBB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_WQAFWBB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_e8dBRsc.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_e8dBRsc.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_e8dBRsc.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_elIpiT6.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_elIpiT6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_elIpiT6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_kXmkQiI.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_kXmkQiI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_kXmkQiI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_rIhqenc.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_rIhqenc.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_rIhqenc.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_rMDgBlb.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_rMDgBlb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_rMDgBlb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_svJ0ZRH.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_svJ0ZRH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68990ae4..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_svJ0ZRH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,532 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Mechanics of Particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "momentum of electron is 5.37 *10**-19 gm cm/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 1st case is 12 m/sec\n",
-      "velocity of truck in 2nd case is 18.97 m/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9*10**-28;       #mass(gram)\n",
-    "E=100;             #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-12;     #kinetic energy(erg)\n",
-    "mc=4000;           #mass of car(kg)\n",
-    "mt=10000;          #mass of truck(kg)\n",
-    "vc=30;             #speed of car(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(E*e*2*m);      #momentum of electron(gm cm/sec)\n",
-    "vt=mc*vc/mt;               #velocity of truck in 1st case(m/sec)\n",
-    "v1=math.sqrt(mc*vc**2/mt);      #velocity of truck in 2nd case(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"momentum of electron is\",round(P*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 gm cm/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 1st case is\",int(vt),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity of truck in 2nd case is\",round(v1,2),\"m/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 76"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnitude of velocity is 10 *math.sqrt(2) m/sec\n",
-      "direction of velocity is 135 degrees or 225 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=30;         #speed(m/sec)\n",
-    "P1=30;        #momentum of 1st part(i)\n",
-    "P2=30;        #momentum of 2nd part(j)\n",
-    "P3=3;         #momentum of 3rd part(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#from conservation of momentum, 30i+30j+3v=0. from which we get v=-10(i+j)\n",
-    "i=1;         #coordinate of i\n",
-    "j=1;         #coordinate of j\n",
-    "m=math.sqrt(i**2+j**2);       #magnitude\n",
-    "mv=10*m;                     #magnitude of velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "vbar=math.acos(-10/mv);       #direction of velocity(rad)      \n",
-    "vbar1=int(vbar*180/math.pi);   #direction of velocity(degrees)\n",
-    "vbar2=360-vbar1;               #direction of velocity(degrees) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnitude of velocity is\",int(mv/math.sqrt(2)),\"*math.sqrt(2) m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of velocity is\",vbar1,\"degrees or\",vbar2,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is 1095\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "time is 9.99 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v0=0;      #initial velocity of rocket\n",
-    "vr=1.6;    #velocity of gases(km/sec)\n",
-    "v=11.2;    #final velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "alphabyM0=1/10;      #fuel burnt rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#assume x=log(M0/M)\n",
-    "x=(v-v0)/vr;     \n",
-    "M0byM=math.exp(x);    \n",
-    "MfbyMe=M0byM-1;             #ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket\n",
-    "t=(1-(1/M0byM))*(1/alphabyM0);        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of mass of fuel to empty rocket is\",int(MfbyMe)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"time is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 7.82 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=300;     #mass in 1st stage(kg)\n",
-    "m2=30;      #mass in 2nd stage(kg)\n",
-    "m3=2400;    #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "m4=270;     #fuel filled(kg)\n",
-    "u=2;        #velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=m1+m2+m3+m4;      #mass(kg)\n",
-    "M=m1+m2+m4;          #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v0=u*math.log(M0/M);      #initial velocity of rocket to the second stage(km/sec)\n",
-    "M01=m2+m4;                #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(u*math.log(M01/m2));      #final velocity of rocket(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V,2),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 2.8 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mr=40;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=360;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "v=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0;       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=mr+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "dmbydt=M*g/v;       #thrust(kg/sec)\n",
-    "t=mf/dmbydt;        #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=v0+(v*math.log(M/mr))-(g*t);       #final velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(Vmax/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust on rocket is 98 kg/sec\n",
-      "thrust on rocket to give acceleration is 398 kg/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;      #acceleration due to gravity(kg/m**2)\n",
-    "vr=800;     #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "M=8000;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=30;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dMbydt=M*g/vr;       #thrust on rocket(kg/sec)\n",
-    "dMbydt1=M*(g+a)/vr;      #thrust on rocket to give acceleration(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket is\",int(dMbydt),\"kg/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"thrust on rocket to give acceleration is\",int(dMbydt1),\"kg/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 81"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "thrust acting on rocket is 200 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "urel=10000;      #exhaust velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "dMbydt=0.02;     #rate of fuel burnt(kg/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Freaction=urel*dMbydt;       #thrust acting on rocket(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"thrust acting on rocket is\",int(Freaction),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final velocity of rocket is 4.4 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=5000;      #mass of rocket(kg)\n",
-    "mf=40000;     #mass of fuel(kg)\n",
-    "urel=2*10**3;  #exhaust velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "v0=0; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M0=M+mf;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "V=v0+(urel*math.log(M0/M));       #maximum velocity of rocket(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final velocity of rocket is\",round(V/10**3,1),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of nucleus is 0.27 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "direction of momentum of nucleus is 150.0 degrees\n",
-      "kinetic energy is 0.145 *10**-15 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=9.22*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "P2=5.33*10**-21;     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "m=3.9*10**-25;       #mass of nucleus(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P=math.sqrt(P1**2+P2**2);     #momentum(kgm/s)\n",
-    "V=P/m;       #recoil velocity of nucleus(m/s)\n",
-    "theta=math.atan(P2/P1);       #direction of momentum of nucleus(rad)\n",
-    "theta=180-(theta*180/math.pi);      #direction of momentum of nucleus(degrees) \n",
-    "K=P**2/(2*m);                 #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of nucleus is\",round(V/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"direction of momentum of nucleus is\",round(theta),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(K*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "recoil velocity of residual is -2.564 *10**5 m/s\n",
-      "kinetic energy of residual is 0.068 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "malpha=4;       #kinetic energy of alpha particle(MeV)\n",
-    "mth=234;        #mass of thorium(kg)\n",
-    "valpha=1.5*10**7;      #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vth=-malpha*valpha/mth;       #recoil velocity of residual(m/s)\n",
-    "Kalpha=malpha;                #kinetic energy of alpha(MeV)\n",
-    "Kth=malpha*Kalpha/mth;               #kinetic energy of residual(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"recoil velocity of residual is\",round(vth/10**5,3),\"*10**5 m/s\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of residual is\",round(Kth,3),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity before collision is 5.196\n",
-      "velocity after collision is 5.196\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 40.5*m\n",
-      "kinetic energy before collision is 27.0*m\n",
-      "energy is not conserved\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "u1=9;     #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;       #scattering angle(rad)\n",
-    "u2=0;                       #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "m=Symbol(\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1plusv2=u1/math.cos(theta);      \n",
-    "v1minusv2=u2/math.cos(180-theta);    \n",
-    "v1=(v1plusv2+v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity before collision\n",
-    "v2=(v1plusv2-v1minusv2)/2;           #velocity after collisiovelocity after collision isn,v2\n",
-    "KE1=(m*(u1**2/2))+(m*(u2**2/2));                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "KE2=((m*v1**2)/2)+((m*v2**2)/2);                #kinetic energy before collision\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity before collision is\",round(v1,3)\n",
-    "print \"velocity after collision is\",round(v2,3)\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE1\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy before collision is\",KE2\n",
-    "print \"energy is not conserved\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3.ipynb
index 37d67888..37d67888 100755..100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_1HFLVW3.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_1HFLVW3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_1HFLVW3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_5zdARLq.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_5zdARLq.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_5zdARLq.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_ByttvTe.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_ByttvTe.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_ByttvTe.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_Eijvt7y.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_Eijvt7y.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_Eijvt7y.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_Kef4wQi.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_Kef4wQi.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_Kef4wQi.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_MWqVgIK.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_MWqVgIK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_MWqVgIK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_QiNYdnt.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_QiNYdnt.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_QiNYdnt.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_RM3VeNh.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_RM3VeNh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_RM3VeNh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_Uqa8M1v.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_Uqa8M1v.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_Uqa8M1v.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_ZOEnqWz.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_ZOEnqWz.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_ZOEnqWz.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_ajXFQHL.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_ajXFQHL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_ajXFQHL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_fzQxngT.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_fzQxngT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_fzQxngT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_maz8Mpx.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_maz8Mpx.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_maz8Mpx.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_t8ZxgMJ.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_t8ZxgMJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_t8ZxgMJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_yX7jRTL.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_yX7jRTL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_yX7jRTL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_yrs8aD8.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_yrs8aD8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 37d67888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_yrs8aD8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: Rigid Body Dynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia through centre is 5 kg m**2\n",
-      "moment of inertia through length of rod is 10 kg m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ma=mb=10;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ra1=rb1=0.5;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "ra2=1;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "rb2=0;          #radius(m)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I0=(ma*ra1**2)+(mb*rb1**2);       #moment of inertia through centre(kg m**2)\n",
-    "IA=IB=(ma*ra2**2)+(mb*rb2**2);       #moment of inertia through length of rod(kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through centre is\",int(I0),\"kg m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia through length of rod is\",IA,\"kg m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 117"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "final angular velocity is 3 rev/sec\n",
-      "increase in kinetic energy 237.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I0=6;             #initial moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega0=1;         #initial angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "I=2;              #final moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=I0*omega0/I;                     #final angular velocity(rev/sec)\n",
-    "K0=I0*(omega0*2*math.pi)**2/2;          #initial kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "K=I*(omega*2*math.pi)**2/2;            #final kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "deltaK=K-K0;                           #increase in kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"final angular velocity is\",int(omega),\"rev/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"increase in kinetic energy\",round(deltaK),\"J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 2 rad/sec in clockwise direction\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I=5*10**-4;             #moment of inertia(Kg m**2)\n",
-    "omega=30*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "m=0.5;                  #mass(Kg) \n",
-    "g=9.8;                  #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.04;                 #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "J=I*omega;              #angular momentum(Kg m**2/sec)\n",
-    "tow=m*g*r;              #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "omegap=tow/J;           #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap),\"rad/sec in clockwise direction\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "common speed is 250 revolutions/min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "I1=I2=1;          #assume\n",
-    "omega1=500;       #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "omega2=0;         #angular velocity(rev/min)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=((I1*omega1)+(I2*omega2))/(I1+I2);       #common speed(revolutions/minute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"common speed is\",int(omega),\"revolutions/min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 119"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 12.19 rad/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=50;        #mass of sphere(g)\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;        #radius(m)\n",
-    "l=0.005;       #length(m)\n",
-    "n=20;          #number of revolutions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=2*M*r**2/5;     #moment of inertia of sphere(kg m**2)\n",
-    "L=r+l;            #distance from pivot(m)\n",
-    "omega=n*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "omegap=M*g*L*100/(I*10**4*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,2),\"rad/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "moment of inertia of ring is 1 *10**4 gram cm**2\n",
-      "angular momentum is 6.28 *10**5 erg sec\n",
-      "torque is 1 *10**4 dyne cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=100;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;      #radius(cm)\n",
-    "omega=10*2*math.pi;      #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "t=10;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=M*R**2;        #moment of inertia of ring(gram cm**2)\n",
-    "L=I*omega;       #angular momentum(erg sec)\n",
-    "tow=L/(2*math.pi*t);       #torque(dyne cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"moment of inertia of ring is\",int(I/10**4),\"*10**4 gram cm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"angular momentum is\",round(L/10**5,2),\"*10**5 erg sec\"\n",
-    "print \"torque is\",int(tow/10**4),\"*10**4 dyne cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 1.2 radians/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=980;       #acceleration due to gravity(gm/sec**2)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "k=6;        #radius of gyration(cm)\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*18;       #angular velocity(revolutions/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omegap=g*r/(k**2*omega);     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",round(omegap,1),\"radians/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque acting on it is ( 9.6 i -7.2 j+ 0.0 k)*10**-4 Nm\n",
-      "rate of change of kinetic energy is 0\n",
-      "hence kinetic energy is constant\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=0.1;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.04;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "#omega=3i+4j+6k\n",
-    "omegax=3;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegay=4;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "omegaz=6;     #angular velocity(rad/s)\n",
-    "domegaxbydt=domegaybydt=domegazbydt=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Iyy=M*R**2/4;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;    #principal inertia element(kg m**2)\n",
-    "towx=(omegax*domegaxbydt)+(omegay*omegaz*(Izz-Iyy));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "towy=(omegay*domegaybydt)+(omegaz*omegax*(Ixx-Izz));       #torque on y(Nm)\n",
-    "towz=(omegaz*domegazbydt)+(omegax*omegay*(Iyy-Ixx));       #torque on x(Nm)\n",
-    "dTbydt=(omegax*towx)+(omegay*towy)+(omegaz*towz);          #rate of change of kinetic energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"torque acting on it is (\",towx*10**4,\"i\",towy*10**4,\"j+\",towz,\"k)*10**-4 Nm\"\n",
-    "print \"rate of change of kinetic energy is\",int(dTbydt)\n",
-    "print \"hence kinetic energy is constant\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "precessional angular velocity is 40 *math.pi rad/sec or 20 revolutions/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "M=1;       #assume\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "omega=20*2*math.pi;     #angular velocity(rad/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ixx=Iyy=M*R**2/4;       #moment of inertia about diametrical axis\n",
-    "Izz=M*R**2/2;       #moment of inertia about axis normal to plane\n",
-    "omegap=(Izz-Ixx)*omega/Ixx;     #precessional angular velocity(radians/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"precessional angular velocity is\",int(omegap/math.pi),\"*math.pi rad/sec or\",int(omegap/(2*math.pi)),\"revolutions/sec\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4.ipynb
index d7a5d585..d7a5d585 100755..100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_3aHiOo5.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_3aHiOo5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_3aHiOo5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_7TlydJM.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_7TlydJM.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_7TlydJM.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_9F6nz40.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_9F6nz40.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_9F6nz40.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_Cj6lfrp.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_Cj6lfrp.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_Cj6lfrp.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_Iv6UqxF.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_Iv6UqxF.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_Iv6UqxF.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_QznuUog.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_QznuUog.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_QznuUog.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_Tlme4Nt.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_Tlme4Nt.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_Tlme4Nt.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_dkmYc9u.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_dkmYc9u.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_dkmYc9u.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_kKbunDz.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_kKbunDz.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_kKbunDz.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_kj2kQSj.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_kj2kQSj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_kj2kQSj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_pVrZ16h.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_pVrZ16h.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_pVrZ16h.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_qSUAD21.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_qSUAD21.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_qSUAD21.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_rlB25DY.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_rlB25DY.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_rlB25DY.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_rlhSgIB.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_rlhSgIB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_rlhSgIB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_v0NmXc1.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_v0NmXc1.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_v0NmXc1.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_xuJY9RY.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_xuJY9RY.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d7a5d585..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_xuJY9RY.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Mechanics of Continuous Media"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "youngs modulus is 4.7 *10**12 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "F=1200*9.8;           #tensile force(N)\n",
-    "A=0.025*10**-4;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "delta_l=0.003;        #extension(m)\n",
-    "l=3;                  #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Y=F*l/(A*delta_l);    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"youngs modulus is\",round(Y/10**12,1),\"*10**12 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 162"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "volume occupied at 25atm is 3499 cm**3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "v=3500;              #volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "K=10*10**11;         #bulk modulus(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "p=24*76*13.6*980;    #change in pressure(dyne/cm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_v=p*v/K;       #volume occupied(cm**3)\n",
-    "V=v-delta_v;         #volume occupied at 25atm(cm**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"volume occupied at 25atm is\",int(V),\"cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "eta=1;               #assume\n",
-    "Y=2.5*eta;           #youngs modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;   #poissons ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bulk modulus is 1 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.1;           #side of cube(m)\n",
-    "p=10**6;         #static pressure(pa)\n",
-    "delta_v=10**-8;  #change in volume(m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l**3;          #volume of cube(m**3)\n",
-    "K=p*v/delta_v;   #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",int(K/10**11),\"*10**11 N/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poissons ratio is 0.25\n",
-      "bulk modulus is 1.33 *10**11 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Y=2*10**11;           #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "eta=8*10**10;         #rigidity modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=Y/(2*eta)-1;    #poissons ratio\n",
-    "K=Y/(3*(1-2*sigma));  #bulk modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"poissons ratio is\",sigma\n",
-    "print \"bulk modulus is\",round(K/10**11,2),\"*10**11 N/m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "increase in temperature is 0.01653 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=2;               #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2*10**-6;        #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=5*10**-3;        #elongation(m)\n",
-    "rho=9000;          #density(Kg/m**3)\n",
-    "C=4200;            #specific heat(J/Kg/K)\n",
-    "F=1000;            #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;             #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "W=F*e*v/(2*A*l);   #work done(J)\n",
-    "m=rho*v;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "delta_t=W/(m*C);   #increase in temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"increase in temperature is\",round(delta_t,5),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "potential energy is 1.125 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=3;                #length(m)\n",
-    "A=2.5*10**-6;       #area(m**2)\n",
-    "e=3*10**-3;         #elongation(m)\n",
-    "F=750;              #force(N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*A;              #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "E=F*e*v/(2*A*l);    #potential energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"potential energy is\",E,\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 164"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression of the rod from fixed end is 0.00648 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=0.5;          #length(m)\n",
-    "x=0.5;          #depression(m)\n",
-    "y=15*10**-3;    #depression(m)\n",
-    "x1=0.3;         #depression(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(L*x**2/2)-(x**3/6);            \n",
-    "y1=y*((L*x1**2/2)-(x1**3/6))/A;   #depression of the rod from fixed end(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression of the rod from fixed end is\",y1,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deformation strain is 0.24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=0.4;          #radius(cm)\n",
-    "l=100;          #length(cm)\n",
-    "phi=60;         #twisting angle(degree)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=r*phi/l       #deformation strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deformation strain is\",theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "depression at the mid point is 8.124 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.1;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "L=1;         #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=10**10;    #youngs modulus(N/m**2)\n",
-    "r=0.02;      #radius of wire(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y1=5*m*g*L**3/(12*Y*math.pi*r**4);       #depression at the mid point(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"depression at the mid point is\",round(y1*10**5,3),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5.ipynb
index 3b038d09..3b038d09 100755..100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_9e9mp4v.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_9e9mp4v.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_9e9mp4v.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_ELZ4gfb.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_ELZ4gfb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_ELZ4gfb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_HmzPXBx.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_HmzPXBx.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_HmzPXBx.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_IijeUTu.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_IijeUTu.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_IijeUTu.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_NsyjFuf.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_NsyjFuf.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_NsyjFuf.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_P4XexVb.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_P4XexVb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_P4XexVb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_SehaPPc.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_SehaPPc.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_SehaPPc.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_YQ3b0EW.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_YQ3b0EW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_YQ3b0EW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_ZzjWlQd.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_ZzjWlQd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_ZzjWlQd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_aODGM7T.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_aODGM7T.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_aODGM7T.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_dQcqRqy.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_dQcqRqy.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_dQcqRqy.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_fpjVXLa.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_fpjVXLa.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_fpjVXLa.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_hefoBhO.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_hefoBhO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_hefoBhO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_qEtyNEB.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_qEtyNEB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_qEtyNEB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_wOjIeEX.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_wOjIeEX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_wOjIeEX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_zpdMjKp.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_zpdMjKp.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b038d09..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_zpdMjKp.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,664 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Central Forces"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational energy is 1.6675 *10**-10 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=m2=0.5;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r2=0.1;              #distance(m)\n",
-    "r1=float(\"inf\");     #distance(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=G*m1*m2*((1/r2)-(1/r1));        #gravitational energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational energy is\",delta_U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "net energy is -146.74 *10**-11 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m3=3;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "a=0.5;              #side(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_U=-G*((m1*m2)+(m2*m3)+(m3*m1))/a;        #net energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"net energy is\",round(delta_U*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance where potential becomes zero is 3.6 *10**8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=4*10**8;        #distance(m)\n",
-    "M1=6*10**24;      #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "M2=7.5*10**22;    #mass of moon(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=r/(1+math.sqrt(M2/M1));      #distance where potential becomes zero(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"distance where potential becomes zero is\",round(x/10**8,1),\"*10**8 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "initial velocity is 306.7 km/s\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;            #acceleration due to gravity(m/s**2)\n",
-    "R=6.4*10**3;      #radius(km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(3*g*R/2);    #initial velocity(km/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"initial velocity is\",round(v,1),\"km/s\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 205"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity of particle is 5.77 *10**-14 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=10**-26;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "R=0.5*10**-10;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt(G*m/(4*R));     #velocity of particle(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity of particle is\",round(V*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 206"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "gravitational potential is 6.67 *10**-10 J/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;           #mass(kg)\n",
-    "r=0.1;              #radius(m)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;      #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "F=G*m/r**2;     #force(N/kg)\n",
-    "U=F*r;          #gravitational potential(J/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"gravitational potential is\",U*10**10,\"*10**-10 J/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rmax=1.2*10**12;      #semi minor axis(m)\n",
-    "rmin=0.06*10**12;     #semi major axis(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(rmax-rmin)/(rmax+rmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 207"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum velocity is 525 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=21;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmax=4*10**10;      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "rmin=1.6*10**9;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmax/rmin;    #maximum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum velocity is\",int(Vmax),\"km/sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "apogee position is 2.76 *10**10 m\n",
-      "velocity at apogee point is 32.57 km/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=0.05;      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "Vmin=36;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "rmin=2.5*10**10;     #perigee position(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "rmax=rmin*((1+e)/(1-e));      #apogee position(m)\n",
-    "Vmax=Vmin*rmin/rmax;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"apogee position is\",round(rmax/10**10,2),\"*10**10 m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity at apogee point is\",round(Vmax,2),\"km/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "eccentricity of orbit is 0.0417\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vmin=23;        #minimum velocity(km/sec)\n",
-    "Vmax=25;          #velocity at apogee point(km/s) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "e=(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin);      #eccentricity of orbit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"eccentricity of orbit is\",round(e,4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 208"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of earth is 5.968 *10**24 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=3.8*10**8;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=27*24*3600;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*r**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of earth(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of earth is\",round(M/10**24,3),\"*10**24 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio of semi major axis is 0.724\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T1=225;          #time period of venus(days)\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1bya2=(T1/T2)**(2/3);     #ratio of semi major axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio of semi major axis is\",round(a1bya2,3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time period of planet is 510 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a2=1;            #assume\n",
-    "a1=1.25*a2;      #axis of planet\n",
-    "T2=365;          #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T2*math.sqrt((a1/a2)**3);          #time period of planet(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time period of planet is\",int(T1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 209"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in time period is 15.36 hours\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1;               #assume\n",
-    "r2=1-(40/100);      #radius of earth\n",
-    "T1=24;          #time period of earth(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T2=T1-(T1*((r2/r1)**2));          #change in time period(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in time period is\",T2,\"hours\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time interval to reach sun is 64.5 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1;       #assume\n",
-    "a1=R/2;\n",
-    "a=R;\n",
-    "T=365;     #time period of earth(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=T*math.sqrt((a1/a)**3)/2;     #time interval to reach sun(days)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time interval to reach sun is\",round(T1,1),\"days\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25, Page number 210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mass of sun is 2 *10**30 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=1.5*10**11;       #radius(m)\n",
-    "T=86400*365;      #time period(sec)\n",
-    "G=6.67*10**-11;    #gravitational constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M=4*math.pi**2*R**3/(G*T**2);     #mass of sun(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mass of sun is\",int(M/10**30),\"*10**30 kg\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6.ipynb
index 495cf888..495cf888 100755..100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_3jQe33P.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_3jQe33P.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_3jQe33P.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_4sTMSct.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_4sTMSct.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_4sTMSct.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_82dKcIb.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_82dKcIb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_82dKcIb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_B9Rqa7w.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_B9Rqa7w.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_B9Rqa7w.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_OaXeXza.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_OaXeXza.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_OaXeXza.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_OzarWlo.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_OzarWlo.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_OzarWlo.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_TkZJPKs.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_TkZJPKs.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_TkZJPKs.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_ZcykI2A.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_ZcykI2A.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_ZcykI2A.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_Ztedvce.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_Ztedvce.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_Ztedvce.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_hp8AaKa.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_hp8AaKa.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_hp8AaKa.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_j1y0oTK.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_j1y0oTK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_j1y0oTK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_olwNUi7.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_olwNUi7.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_olwNUi7.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_raABo34.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_raABo34.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_raABo34.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_sbBGzp3.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_sbBGzp3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_sbBGzp3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_srj5dHs.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_srj5dHs.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_srj5dHs.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_vCGlPoZ.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_vCGlPoZ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 495cf888..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_vCGlPoZ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,844 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Special Theory of Relativity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fringe shift is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=5;         #length(m)\n",
-    "v=3*10**4;      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;      #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=5000*10**-10;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "S=2*l*v**2/(c**2*lamda);     #fringe shift\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fringe shift is\",S"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 235"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=( 800 100 100 0 )\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "x=1000;       #x-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "t=2*10**-6;   #time(s)\n",
-    "v1=0.6*c;\n",
-    "y1=y=100;     #y-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "z1=z=100;     #z-coordinate(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=(x-(v1*t))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #coordinate along x-axis\n",
-    "t1=(t-(x*v1/c**2))/math.sqrt(1-((v1/c)**2));    #time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"coordinates w.r.t moving observer are (x1,y1,z1,t1)=(\",int(x1),int(y1),int(z1),int(t1),\")\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "decay time is 3.83 micro s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.3;      #time(micro s)\n",
-    "c=1;              #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(micro s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"decay time is\",round(delta_t1,2),\"micro s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "space shuttle velocity is 0.515 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=24;      #time(hours)\n",
-    "delta_t1=28;     #decay time(hours)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(delta_t/delta_t1)**2);      #space shuttle velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"space shuttle velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 236"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "observed displacement is 375.0 m\n",
-      "relative displacement is 433.01 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=2.5*10**-6;      #time(s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light\n",
-    "v=c/2;          #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(s)\n",
-    "x=v*delta_t;                                   #observed displacement(m)\n",
-    "x1=v*delta_t1;                                 #relative displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"observed displacement is\",x,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"relative displacement is\",round(x1,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative decay in earth diameter is 6.4 *10**-5 m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=6400;     #radius(km)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "v=30*10**3;    #orbital velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=2*R;      #diameter(km)\n",
-    "d1=d*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));        \n",
-    "delta_d=d-d1;                         #relative decay in earth diameter(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative decay in earth diameter is\",round(delta_d*10**5,1),\"*10**-5 m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.28 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=1;       #length(m)\n",
-    "L1=0.96;   #recorded length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(L1/L)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",v,\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in area is 0.0063 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=0.1;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "c=1;       #assume\n",
-    "v=0.6*c;   #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;      #area(sq m)\n",
-    "R1=R*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));    \n",
-    "A1=math.pi*R*R1;     #plate area in ellipse shape(sq m)  \n",
-    "deltaA=A-A1;         #change in area(sq m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in area is\",round(deltaA,4),\"sq m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in length is 28.0 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;           #assume\n",
-    "v=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "theta=30*math.pi/180;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "L=1;           #length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Ix=L*math.cos(theta)*math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));\n",
-    "Iy=L*math.sin(theta);\n",
-    "L1=math.sqrt((Ix**2)+(Iy**2));       #changed length(m)\n",
-    "delta_L=L-L1;                        #change in length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in length is\",round(delta_L*100),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of bacteria grown is 16\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta_t=10;      #time(days)\n",
-    "c=1;             #assume\n",
-    "v=0.99*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "d=280;           #number of days  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta_t1=delta_t/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2));     #decay time(days)\n",
-    "x=d/int(delta_t1);                             #number of folds\n",
-    "n=1*2**x;                                      #number of bacteria grown \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of bacteria grown is\",int(n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity of B w.r.t A is 0.538 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=c/3;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=c/4;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity of B w.r.t A(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity of B w.r.t A is\",round(u,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative velocity is 0.9286 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=1;          #assume\n",
-    "u1=0.8*c;       #velocity\n",
-    "v=0.5*c;        #velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "u=(u1+v)/(1+(u1*v/c**2));     #relative velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative velocity is\",round(u,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16, Page number 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.866 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=2*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,3),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "velocity is 0.9428 c\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=1;        #assume\n",
-    "m=3*m0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(1-(m0/m)**2);      #velocity(c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(v,4),\"c\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rest energy is 9 *10**17 J\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=10;        #mass(kg)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=m0*c**2;    #rest energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"rest energy is\",int(E/10**17),\"*10**17 J\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20, Page number 240"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy is 0.1266 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of electron(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "v=0.6*c;              #velocity of electron(m/sec)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "KE=m0*c**2*((1/math.sqrt(1-(v**2/c**2)))-1);         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "KE=KE/e;               #kinetic energy(eV)       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy is\",round(KE/10**6,4),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "loss in mass is 1.8667 *10**-13 kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=50;         #mass(gm)\n",
-    "L=80*4.2;     #latent heat(cal/gm)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;    #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*L;             #heat loss(J)\n",
-    "delta_m=Q/c**2;    #loss in mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"loss in mass is\",round(delta_m*10**13,4),\"*10**-13 kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of photon is 1.237 *10**20 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9.1*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;               #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;          #planck's constant(Jsec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=m0*c**2/h;           #frequency of photon(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of photon is\",round(new/10**20,3),\"*10**20 Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23, Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "kinetic energy of electron is 0.506 MeV\n",
-      "kinetic energy of positron is 0.394 MeV\n",
-      "answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m0=9*10**-31;          #mass of photon(g)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/sec) \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;         #conversion factor\n",
-    "E=1.8;                 #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E0=m0*c**2/(e*10**6);  #kinetic energy of electron(MeV) \n",
-    "k=(E/2)-E0;            #kinetic energy of positron(MeV) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of electron is\",round(E0,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"kinetic energy of positron is\",round(k,3),\"MeV\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for kinetic energy of positron given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24, Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "binding energy is 106.9 MeV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=7;       #atomic number of nitrogen\n",
-    "N=7;       \n",
-    "mp=1.0086;   #mass of proton(amu)\n",
-    "mn=1.0078;   #mass of nucleus(amu)\n",
-    "amu=931.5;   #energy(MeV)\n",
-    "A=14;    #atomic mass \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "EB=((Z*mp)+(N*mn)-A)*amu;     #binding energy(MeV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"binding energy is\",round(EB,1),\"MeV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7.ipynb
index 13136d2a..13136d2a 100755..100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_4Sf4X8V.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_4Sf4X8V.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_4Sf4X8V.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_52Xb53f.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_52Xb53f.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_52Xb53f.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_7s2tMTN.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_7s2tMTN.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_7s2tMTN.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_9XJ7DgO.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_9XJ7DgO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_9XJ7DgO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_K4XC4i4.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_K4XC4i4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_K4XC4i4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_Kxvh43O.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_Kxvh43O.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_Kxvh43O.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_Lujuudw.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_Lujuudw.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_Lujuudw.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_OuaYbmB.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_OuaYbmB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_OuaYbmB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_P4Uh45b.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_P4Uh45b.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_P4Uh45b.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_PrhTPJP.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_PrhTPJP.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_PrhTPJP.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_St5Khwo.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_St5Khwo.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_St5Khwo.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_XgCkEpd.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_XgCkEpd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_XgCkEpd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_YxJXxam.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_YxJXxam.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_YxJXxam.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_cYbOBPv.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_cYbOBPv.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_cYbOBPv.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_q7uuGrG.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_q7uuGrG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_q7uuGrG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_wdE8t89.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_wdE8t89.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 13136d2a..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_wdE8t89.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 7: Vibrations-Fundamental Concepts"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force constant is 0.02 N/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=-0.0176;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.44;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(-a/x);       #frequency\n",
-    "k=m*omega0**2;      #force constant(N/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"force constant is\",k,\"N/m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.114 Hertz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "g=9.8;       #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "x=0.5;        #displacement(m)\n",
-    "m1=5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=2;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m1*g/x;      #spring constant(N/m)\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(k/m2)/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",round(omega,3),\"Hertz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "amplitude is 0.3 m\n",
-      "frequency of oscillation is 1.0 /(2 math.pi) Hertz\n",
-      "initial phase is -2 *math.pi/6 rad\n",
-      "answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "displacement is 0.3 m\n",
-      "velocity is -0.26 m/sec\n",
-      "acceleration is 0.15 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "#given y=0.3sin(t+pi/6)\n",
-    "A=0.3;     #value of amplitude by comparing with the given equation\n",
-    "omega=1;     #angular freuency(rad/sec)\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/6;     #angle(rad)\n",
-    "t1=math.pi/3;        #time(sec)\n",
-    "t2=2*math.pi/3;      #time(sec)\n",
-    "t3=math.pi;          #time(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=omega/(2*math.pi);       #frequency of oscillation(Hertz)\n",
-    "phi=theta-(math.pi/2);        #initial phase(rad)\n",
-    "y=A*math.sin(theta+(math.pi/6));      #displacement(m)\n",
-    "V=omega*A*math.cos((omega*t2)+theta);      #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "a=-A*omega**2*math.sin((omega*t3)+theta);      #acceleration(m/s**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"amplitude is\",A,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency of oscillation is\",new*2*math.pi,\"/(2 math.pi) Hertz\"\n",
-    "print \"initial phase is\",int(phi*6/math.pi),\"*math.pi/6 rad\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for initial phase given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"displacement is\",round(y,1),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"velocity is\",round(V,2),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"acceleration is\",a,\"m/s**2\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8.ipynb
index 14a19e18..14a19e18 100755..100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_5IoMeUe.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_5IoMeUe.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_5IoMeUe.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_Bj4FcI7.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_Bj4FcI7.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_Bj4FcI7.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_GBeiA21.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_GBeiA21.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_GBeiA21.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_IAy71Ch.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_IAy71Ch.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_IAy71Ch.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_IWj66nd.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_IWj66nd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_IWj66nd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_NyyZW4t.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_NyyZW4t.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_NyyZW4t.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_QSOQgt9.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_QSOQgt9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_QSOQgt9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_SxldOqQ.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_SxldOqQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_SxldOqQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_eB91nXI.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_eB91nXI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_eB91nXI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_lwCA1i3.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_lwCA1i3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_lwCA1i3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_m8vzt2q.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_m8vzt2q.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_m8vzt2q.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_mk2HyQz.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_mk2HyQz.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_mk2HyQz.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_nKNv9Wk.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_nKNv9Wk.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_nKNv9Wk.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_pYLCIKK.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_pYLCIKK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_pYLCIKK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_vmNsUjP.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_vmNsUjP.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_vmNsUjP.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_yBBd5FI.ipynb b/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_yBBd5FI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 14a19e18..00000000
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_yBBd5FI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Damped and Forced Oscillations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "restoration energy is 125000 erg\n",
-      "frequency is 5 /math.pi Hz\n",
-      "time taken for reduction of amplitude is 3.22 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "k=10**4;     #Force constant(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "x=5;         #displacement(cm)\n",
-    "m=100;       #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=100;       #resistance(dyne/cm)\n",
-    "At=1;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "A0=5;      #amplitude(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=(1/2)*k*x**2;   #restoration energy(erg)\n",
-    "v=1/(2*math.pi)*math.sqrt(k/m)  #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);          \n",
-    "t=math.log(A0/At)/b;      #time taken for reduction of amplitude(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"restoration energy is\",int(E),\"erg\"\n",
-    "print \"frequency is\",int(v*math.pi),\"/math.pi Hz\"\n",
-    "print \"time taken for reduction of amplitude is\",round(t,2),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 61.08 sec\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "new=300;         #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "EbyE0=1/10;      #ratio of energy\n",
-    "Q=5*10**4;       #Q factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tbytow=math.log(1/EbyE0);\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);   \n",
-    "t=tbytow*tow;      #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",round(t,2),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "time taken is 6 sec\n",
-      "procedure followed in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=2.2*10**3;       #Q value of sonometer wire\n",
-    "new=210;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "tow=Q/(2*math.pi*new);     #torque(Nm)\n",
-    "t=4*tow;           #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"time taken is\",int(t),\"sec\"\n",
-    "print \"procedure followed in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "damping factor is 0.0618 N/m\n",
-      "Q-factor is 113.3\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.5;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "g=9.8;     #acceleration due to gravity(m/sec**2)\n",
-    "x=0.05;    #displacement(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "k=m*g/x;     \n",
-    "omega0=math.sqrt(k/m);    #angular velocity\n",
-    "T=50*2*math.pi/omega0;       #time taken for 50 oscillations(sec)\n",
-    "b=math.log(4)/T;      #damping factor(N/m)\n",
-    "R=2*b*m;     #resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "Q=m*omega0/R;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"damping factor is\",round(b,4),\"N/m\"\n",
-    "print \"Q-factor is\",round(Q,1)\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of oscillations is 27.73\n",
-      "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1;     #mass(gm)\n",
-    "R=10;     #damping constant\n",
-    "E=50;     #energy(J)\n",
-    "E0=200;   #energy(J)\n",
-    "new=200;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=R/(2*m);\n",
-    "t=math.log(E0/E)/(2*b);     #time taken(sec)\n",
-    "n=new*t;          #number of oscillations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of oscillations is\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "mechanical resistance is 0.0628 m/sec\n",
-      "damping constant is 0.209\n",
-      "spring constant 11.84 N/cm\n",
-      "answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=0.3;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "new=2;    #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "Q=60;     #Q-factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*new;   #angular velocity\n",
-    "R=m*omega/Q;       #mechanical resistance(m/sec)\n",
-    "b=R/m;       #damping constant\n",
-    "k=4*(math.pi**2)*m;    #spring constant(N/cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"mechanical resistance is\",round(R,4),\"m/sec\"\n",
-    "print \"damping constant is\",round(b,3)\n",
-    "print \"spring constant\",round(k,2),\"N/cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spring constant given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter10.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter10.ipynb
index cf4b44fb..49866ab5 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter10.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "Pa = 1.5 # Pressure in vessel A in MPa\n",
     "Ta = 50  # Temperature in vessel A in K\n",
     "ca = 0.5 # Content in vessel A in kg mol\n",
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -110,19 +111,19 @@
       "\n",
       " The change in  enthalpy is  373.92  kJ\n",
       "\n",
-      " The change in  entropy is  0.0  kJ/k\n"
+      " The change in  entropy is  0.885987320143  kJ/k\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "cp = 1.968 # Heat capacity in kJ/kg\n",
     "cv = 1.507 # Heat capacity in kJ/kg\n",
     "R_ = 8.314 # Gas constant\n",
     "V = 0.3 # Volume of chamber in m**3\n",
     "m = 2 # mass of gas in kg\n",
-    "T1 = 5# Initial gas temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T2 = 100 # Final gas temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "T1 = 5.0# Initial gas temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "T2 = 100.0 # Final gas temperature in degree Celsius\n",
     "R = cp-cv # Universal gas constant\n",
     "mu = R_/R # molecular weight\n",
     "Q12 = m*cv*(T2-T1) # The heat transfer at constant volume\n",
@@ -151,7 +152,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -198,7 +199,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -217,7 +218,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "m = 0.5 # mass of air in kg\n",
     "P1 = 80 # Initial pressure kPa\n",
     "T1 = 60 # Initial temperature in degree Celsius\n",
@@ -251,7 +252,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -272,6 +273,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "P1 = 700 # Initial pressure of gas in kPa\n",
     "T1 = 260 # Initial temperature of gas in degree Celcius \n",
     "T3 = T1 # Temperature at state 3\n",
@@ -308,7 +310,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -329,7 +331,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "P1 = 300 # Initial gas pressure in kPa\n",
     "V1 = 0.07 # Initial volume of gas in m**3\n",
     "m = 0.25 # Mass of gas in kg\n",
@@ -527,7 +529,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -550,7 +552,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "an = 20.183 # molecular weight of neon\n",
     "Pc = 2.73 # Critical pressure\n",
     "Tc = 44.5 # Critical tmperature in Kelvin\n",
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter10_qYi9AAs.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter10_qYi9AAs.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 49866ab5..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter10_qYi9AAs.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,599 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10: Properties of gases and gas mixture"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.1:pg-366"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 10.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The final equilibrium pressure is  1.16869318853  MPa\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The amount of heat transferred to the surrounding is  -226.04503125  kJ\n",
-      " \n",
-      "\n",
-      " If the vessel is perfectly insulated\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The final temperature is  45.4545454545  degree Celsius\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The final pressure is  1.24058552709  MPa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Pa = 1.5 # Pressure in vessel A in MPa\n",
-    "Ta = 50  # Temperature in vessel A in K\n",
-    "ca = 0.5 # Content in vessel A in kg mol\n",
-    "Pb = 0.6 # Pressure in vessel B in MPa\n",
-    "Tb = 20 # Temperature in vessel B in K\n",
-    "mb = 2.5 # Content in vessel B in kg mol\n",
-    "R = 8.3143 # Universal gas constant\n",
-    "Va = (ca*R*(Ta+273))/(Pa*1e03) # volume of vessel A\n",
-    "ma = ca*28 # mass of gas in vessel A\n",
-    "Rn = R/28 # Gas content to of nitrogen\n",
-    "Vb = (mb*Rn*(Tb+273))/(Pb*1e03) # volume of vessel B\n",
-    "V = Va + Vb  # Total volume\n",
-    "m = ma + mb # Total mass\n",
-    "Tf = 27 # Equilibrium temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "P = (m*Rn*(Tf+273))/V # Equilibrium pressure \n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "cv  = Rn/(g-1) # Heat capacity at constant volume\n",
-    "U1 = cv*(ma*Ta+mb*Tb) # Initial internal energy \n",
-    "U2 = m*cv*Tf# Final internal energy \n",
-    "Q = U2-U1 # heat transferred\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 10.1\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n The final equilibrium pressure is \",P/1e3 ,\" MPa\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The amount of heat transferred to the surrounding is \",Q ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T_ = (ma*Ta+mb*Tb)/m  # final temperature\n",
-    "P_ = (m*Rn*(T_+273))/V # final pressure\n",
-    "print \" \\n\\n If the vessel is perfectly insulated\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The final temperature is \",T_ ,\" degree Celsius\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The final pressure is \",P_/1e3 ,\" MPa\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.2:pg-368"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 10.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Gas constant of the gas is  0.461  kJ/kg K \n",
-      "\n",
-      " Molecular weight the gas is  18.0347071584  kg/kg mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat transfer at constant volume is  286.33  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Work done is  0  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The change in internal energy is  286.33  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The change in  enthalpy is  373.92  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The change in  entropy is  0.885987320143  kJ/k\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "cp = 1.968 # Heat capacity in kJ/kg\n",
-    "cv = 1.507 # Heat capacity in kJ/kg\n",
-    "R_ = 8.314 # Gas constant\n",
-    "V = 0.3 # Volume of chamber in m**3\n",
-    "m = 2 # mass of gas in kg\n",
-    "T1 = 5.0# Initial gas temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T2 = 100.0 # Final gas temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "R = cp-cv # Universal gas constant\n",
-    "mu = R_/R # molecular weight\n",
-    "Q12 = m*cv*(T2-T1) # The heat transfer at constant volume\n",
-    "W12 = 0 # work done\n",
-    "U21 = Q12 # change in internal energy\n",
-    "H21= m*cp*(T2-T1) # change in  enthalpy\n",
-    "S21 = m*cv*math.log((T2+273)/(T1+273)) #change in  entropy \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 10.2\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Gas constant of the gas is \",R ,\" kJ/kg K \"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Molecular weight the gas is \",mu ,\" kg/kg mol\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat transfer at constant volume is \",Q12 ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Work done is \",0 ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The change in internal energy is \",U21 ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The change in  enthalpy is \",H21 ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The change in  entropy is \",S21 ,\" kJ/k\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.3:pg-369"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 10.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The work done in the expansion is  300.72200185  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate\n",
-    "m = 1.5 # Mass of gas in kg\n",
-    "P1 = 5.6 # Initial pressure of gas in MPa\n",
-    "V1 = 0.06 # Initial volume of gas in m**3\n",
-    "T2_ = 240 # Final temperature of gas in degree Celsius\n",
-    "a = 0.946 # Constant\n",
-    "b = 0.662 # Constant\n",
-    "k = 1e-4 # Constant\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "R = a-b # constant\n",
-    "T2 = T2_+273 # Final temperature of gas in KK\n",
-    "T1 = (P1*1e03*V1)/(m*R) # Initial temperature\n",
-    "W12,er =integrate.quad(lambda T:m*(b+k*T),T1,T2) # Work done\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 10.3\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The work done in the expansion is \",-W12 ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.5:pg-371"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 10.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The work transfer for the whole path is  93.4986082985  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat transfer for the whole path  571.638005316  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 0.5 # mass of air in kg\n",
-    "P1 = 80 # Initial pressure kPa\n",
-    "T1 = 60 # Initial temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "P2 = 0.4 # Final pressure in MPa\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "V1 = (m*R*(T1+273))/(P1) # Volume of air at state 1\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "T2 = (T1+273)*(P2*1e3/P1)**((g-1)/g)# Final temperature\n",
-    "W12 = (m*R*(T1+273-T2))/(g-1) # Work done in \n",
-    "V2 = V1*((P1/(P2*1e3))**(1/g)) # Final volume\n",
-    "W23 = P2*(V1-V2)*1e3 # # Work done\n",
-    "W = W12+W23 # Net work done\n",
-    "V3 = V1 # constant volume\n",
-    "T3 = (T2)*(V3/V2) # Temperature at state 3\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity at constant volume in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "Q = m*cp*(T3-T2)# Heat transfer\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 10.5\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The work transfer for the whole path is \",W ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat transfer for the whole path \",Q ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.6:pg-372"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 10.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat received in the cycle is  137.268292683  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat rejected in the cycle  84.2666952566  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The efficiency of the cycle is  39.0  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "P1 = 700 # Initial pressure of gas in kPa\n",
-    "T1 = 260 # Initial temperature of gas in degree Celcius \n",
-    "T3 = T1 # Temperature at state 3\n",
-    "V1 = 0.028 # Initial volume of gas in m**3\n",
-    "V2 = 0.084 # Final volume of gas in m**3\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "m = (P1*V1)/(R*(T1+273)) # mass of gas  \n",
-    "P2 = P1 # Pressure at state 2\n",
-    "T2 = (T1+273)*((P2*V2)/(P1*V1)) # Temperature at state 2\n",
-    "n  = 1.5 # polytropic index \n",
-    "P3 = P2*(((T3+273)/(T2))**(n/(n-1))) # Pressure at state 3\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # COnstant pressure heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "cv = 0.718 # COnstant volume heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "Q12 = m*cp*(T2-T1-273) # HEat transfer\n",
-    "Q23 = m*cv*(T3+273-T2) + (m*R*(T2-T3-273))/(n-1) # Heat transfer\n",
-    "Q31 = m*R*(T1+273)*math.log(P3/P2) # Heat transfer\n",
-    "Q1 = Q12 # Heat equivalance\n",
-    "Q2 = -(Q23+Q31) # Net heat transfer\n",
-    "e = 1-(Q2/Q1) # First law efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 10.6\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat received in the cycle is \",Q1 ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat rejected in the cycle \",Q2 ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The efficiency of the cycle is \",math. ceil(e*100) ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.7:pg-374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 10.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cv of the gas is  0.661000944287  kJ/kg K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cp of the gas is  0.89896128423  kJ/kg K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Increase in the entropy of the gas is  0.080159241414  kJ/kg K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "P1 = 300 # Initial gas pressure in kPa\n",
-    "V1 = 0.07 # Initial volume of gas in m**3\n",
-    "m = 0.25 # Mass of gas in kg\n",
-    "T1 = 80 # Initial temperature of gas in degree Celsius\n",
-    "R = (P1*V1)/(m*(T1+273)) # constant\n",
-    "P2 = P1 # process condition\n",
-    "V2 = 0.1 # Final volume in m**3\n",
-    "T2 = (P2*V2)/(m*R) # Final temperature in K\n",
-    "W = -25 #Work done in kJ\n",
-    "cv = -W/(m*(T2-T1-273)) # Constant volume heat capacity in kJ/kg\n",
-    "cp = R+cv #Constant pressure heat capacity in kJ/kg\n",
-    "S21 = m*cp*math.log(V2/V1) # Entropy change\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 10.7\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Cv of the gas is \",cv ,\" kJ/kg K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Cp of the gas is \",cp ,\" kJ/kg K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Increase in the entropy of the gas is \",S21 ,\" kJ/kg K\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.8:pg-374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 10.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mole fraction of N2 is  0.485294117647\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mole fraction of CO2  is  0.514705882353\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Equivalent molecular weight of mixture is  36.2352941176 kg/kg mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The equivalent gas constant of the mixture is  0.229444805195  kJ/kg K\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Partial pressures of nitrogen and CO2 are \n",
-      "  145.588235294  kPa and  154.411764706  kPa respectively\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Partial volume of nitrogen and CO2 are \n",
-      "  0.870000714286  kPa and  0.922728030303  kPa respectively\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Total volume of mixture is  1.79272874459  m**3\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Density of mixture is  4.46247098126  kg/m**3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cp and Cv of mixture are \n",
-      "  0.920740483948 kJ/kg K and  0.691295678753 kJ/kg K respectively\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Change in internal energy of the system heated at constant volume  is  110.6073086 kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Change in enthalpy of the system heated at constant volume  is  147.318477432 kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Change in entropy of the system heated at constant volume  is  0.36517324538  kJ/kg K\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Change in entropy of the system heated at constant Pressure  is  0.486376236695 kJ/kgK\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "mn = 3.0 # Mass of nitrogen in kg\n",
-    "mc = 5.0 # mass of CO2 in kg\n",
-    "an = 28.0 # Atomic weight of nitrogen\n",
-    "ac = 44.0 # Atomic weight of CO2\n",
-    "# Part (a)\n",
-    "xn = (mn/an)/((mn/an)+(mc/ac)) # mole fraction of nitrogen\n",
-    "xc = (mc/ac)/((mn/an)+(mc/ac)) # mole fraction of carbon\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 10.8\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Mole fraction of N2 is \",xn \n",
-    "print \"\\n Mole fraction of CO2  is \",xc\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "M = xn*an+xc*ac # Equivalent molecular weight\n",
-    "print \"\\n Equivalent molecular weight of mixture is \",M ,\"kg/kg mol\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (c)\n",
-    "R = 8.314 # Gas constant\n",
-    "Req = ((mn*R/an)+(mc*R/ac))/(mn+mc)\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n The equivalent gas constant of the mixture is \",Req ,\" kJ/kg K\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (d)\n",
-    "P = 300.0 # Initial pressure in kPa\n",
-    "T = 20.0 # Initial temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "Pn = xn*P # Partial pressure of Nitrogen\n",
-    "Pc = xc*P # Partial pressure of CO2 \n",
-    "Vn = (mn*R*(T+273))/(P*an) # Volume of nitrogen\n",
-    "Vc = (mc*R*(T+273))/(P*ac) # Volume of CO2\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Partial pressures of nitrogen and CO2 are \\n \",Pn ,\" kPa and \",Pc ,\" kPa respectively\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Partial volume of nitrogen and CO2 are \\n \",Vn ,\" kPa and \",Vc ,\" kPa respectively\"\n",
-    "# Part (e)\n",
-    "V = (mn+mc)*Req*(T+273)/P # Total volume\n",
-    "rho = (mn+mc)/V # mass density\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Total volume of mixture is \",V ,\" m**3\" \n",
-    "print \"\\n Density of mixture is \",rho ,\" kg/m**3\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (f)\n",
-    "gn = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio for nitrogen\n",
-    "gc = 1.286 # Heat capacity ratio for carbon dioxide \n",
-    "cvn = R/((gn-1)*an) # cp and cv of N2\n",
-    "cpn = gn*cvn  # Constant pressure heat capacity of nitrogen\n",
-    "cvc = R/((gc-1)*ac) # cp and cv of CO2\n",
-    "cpc = gc*cvc# COnstant pressure heat capacity of carbon dioxide \n",
-    "cp = (mn*cpn+mc*cpc)/(mn+mc)  # Constant pressure heat capacity ratio of mixture\n",
-    "cv = (mn*cvn+mc*cvc)/(mn+mc) # Constant volume Heat capacity ratio of mixture\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Cp and Cv of mixture are \\n \",cp ,\"kJ/kg K and \",cv ,\"kJ/kg K respectively\" \n",
-    "T1 = T \n",
-    "T2 = 40 \n",
-    "U21 = (mn+mc)*cv*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "H21 = (mn+mc)*cp*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "S21v = (mn+mc)*cv*math.log((T2+273)/(T1+273)) # If heated at constant volume\n",
-    "S21p = (mn+mc)*cp*math.log((T2+273)/(T1+273)) # If heated at constant Pressure\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Change in internal energy of the system heated at constant volume  is \",U21 ,\"kJ\" \n",
-    "print \"\\n Change in enthalpy of the system heated at constant volume  is \",H21 ,\"kJ\" \n",
-    "print \"\\n Change in entropy of the system heated at constant volume  is \",S21v ,\" kJ/kg K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Change in entropy of the system heated at constant Pressure  is \",S21p ,\"kJ/kgK\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.9:pg-375"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 10.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Increase in entropy is  1.22920562691  kJ/kg K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "mo = 2.0 # mass of oxygen in kg\n",
-    "mn = 6.0 # mass of nitrogen in kg\n",
-    "muo = 32.0 # molecular mass of oxygen\n",
-    "mun = 28.0 # molecular mass of nitrogen\n",
-    "o = mo/muo # mass fraction of oxygen\n",
-    "n = mn/mun # mass fraction of nitrogen\n",
-    "xo = o/(n+o) # mole fraction of oxygen\n",
-    "xn = n/(n+o) # mole fraction of nitrogen\n",
-    "R = 8.314 # Universal gas constant\n",
-    "Ro = R/muo # Gas constant for oxygen\n",
-    "Rn = R/mun # Gas constant for nitrogen\n",
-    "dS = -mo*Ro*math.log(xo)-mn*Rn*math.log(xn) # Increase in entropy \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 10.9\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Increase in entropy is \",dS ,\" kJ/kg K\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.10:pg-376"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 10.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Specific volume is  3.05515367719  *10**-3 m3/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Specific temperature is  57.85  K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Specific pressure is  5.46  MPa\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Reduced volume is  1.48226362179  m3/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "an = 20.183 # molecular weight of neon\n",
-    "Pc = 2.73 # Critical pressure\n",
-    "Tc = 44.5 # Critical tmperature in Kelvin\n",
-    "Vc = 0.0416 # volume of gas in m**3\n",
-    "Pr = 2 # Reduced Pressure\n",
-    "Tr = 1.3 # Reduced temperature\n",
-    "Z = 0.7 # Compressibility factor\n",
-    "P = Pr*Pc # Corresponding Pressure \n",
-    "T = Tr*Tc # Corresponding temperature\n",
-    "R = 8.314 # Gas constant\n",
-    "v = (Z*R*T)/(P*an) # Corresponding volume\n",
-    "vr = (v*an)/(Vc*1e3)  # reduced volume\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 10.10\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Specific volume is \",v ,\" *10**-3 m3/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Specific temperature is \",T ,\" K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Specific pressure is \",P ,\" MPa\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Reduced volume is \",vr ,\" m3/kg\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter11.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter11.ipynb
index 75c1ae52..3e09ba67 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter11.ipynb
@@ -1,215 +1,221 @@
-{


- "metadata": {


-  "name": "",


-  "signature": "sha256:bac11063c240653dfd3c07e3907da1d648418ca108c3c127b610f8e4e00f83ef"


- },


- "nbformat": 3,


- "nbformat_minor": 0,


- "worksheets": [


-  {


-   "cells": [


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 1,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Chapter 11:Thermodynamic relations Equilibrium and stability"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex11.3:pg-436"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "Tb = 353.0 # boiling point of benzene in K\n",


-      "T = 303.0 # Operational temperature in K\n",


-      "R = 8.3143 #Gas constant\n",


-      "P = 101.325*math.exp((88/R)*(1.0-(Tb/T)))\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 11.3\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Vapour pressure of benzene is \",P ,\" kPa\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 11.3\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Vapour pressure of benzene is  17.6682592008  kPa\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 2


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex11.4:pg-436"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "T = (3754-3063)/(23.03-19.49) # Temperature at triple point in K\n",


-      "P = math.exp(23.03-(3754/195.2)) # Pressure at triple point\n",


-      "R = 8.3143 # Gas constant\n",


-      "Lsub = R*3754 # Latent heat of sublimation\n",


-      "Lvap = 3063*R # Latent heat of vaporisation\n",


-      "Lfu = Lsub-Lvap # Latent heat of fusion\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 11.4\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Temperature at triple point is \",T ,\" K\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Pressure at triple point is \",P ,\" mm Hg\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n\\n Latent heat of sublimation is \",Lsub ,\" kJ/kg mol\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Latent heat of vapourization is is \",Lvap ,\" kJ/kg mol\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Latent heat of fusion is \",Lfu ,\" kJ/kg mol\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 11.4\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Temperature at triple point is  195.197740113  K\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Pressure at triple point is  44.631622076  mm Hg\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Latent heat of sublimation is  31211.8822  kJ/kg mol\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Latent heat of vapourization is is  25466.7009  kJ/kg mol\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Latent heat of fusion is  5745.1813  kJ/kg mol\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 3


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex11.6:pg-438"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "R = 8.3143 # Gas constant in kJ/kg-mol-K\n",


-      "N1 = 0.5 # Mole no. of first system\n",


-      "N2 = 0.75 # Mole no. of second system\n",


-      "T1 = 200 # Initial temperature of first system in K\n",


-      "T2 = 300 # Initial temperature of second system in K\n",


-      "v = 0.02 # Total volume in m**3\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 11.6\\n\"\n",


-      "Tf = (T2*N2+T1*N1)/(N1+N2)\n",


-      "Uf_1 = (3.0/2.0)*(R*N1*Tf)*(10**-3)\n",


-      "Uf_2 = (3.0/2.0)*(R*N2*Tf)*(10**-3)\n",


-      "pf = (R*Tf*(N1+N2)*(10**-3))/v\n",


-      "Vf_1 = R*N1*(10**-3)*Tf/pf\n",


-      "Vf_2 = v-Vf_1\n",


-      "print \"\\n Energy of first system is \",Uf_1 ,\" kJ,\\n Energy of second system is \",Uf_2 ,\" kJ,\\n Volume of first system is \",Vf_1 ,\" m**3,\\n Volume of second system is \",Vf_2 ,\" m**3,\\n Pressure is \",pf ,\" kN/m**2,\\n Temperature is \",Tf ,\" K.\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 11.6\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Energy of first system is  1.6212885  kJ,\n",


-        " Energy of second system is  2.43193275  kJ,\n",


-        " Volume of first system is  0.008  m**3,\n",


-        " Volume of second system is  0.012  m**3,\n",


-        " Pressure is  135.107375  kN/m**2,\n",


-        " Temperature is  260.0  K.\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 4


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex11.10:pg-446"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "R = 0.082 # Gas constant in litre-atm/gmol-K\n",


-      "m = 1.5 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in atm\n",


-      "t2 = 300.0 # Temperature after compression in K\n",


-      "p2 = 400.0 # Pressure after compression in atm\n",


-      "Tc = 151.0 # For Argon in K\n",


-      "pc = 48.0 # For Argon in atm\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 11.10 \"\n",


-      "a = 0.42748*((R*1000)**2)*((Tc)**2)/pc\n",


-      "b = 0.08664*(R*1000)*(Tc)/pc\n",


-      "# By solving equation v2**2 - 49.24*v2**2 + 335.6*v2 - 43440 = 0\n",


-      "v2 = 56.8 # In cm**3/g mol\n",


-      "v1 = (R*1000)*(t2)/p1\n",


-      "delta_h = -1790 # In J/g mol\n",


-      "delta_s = -57 # In J/g mol\n",


-      "Q = (t2*delta_s*(10**5)/39.8)/(3600*1000)\n",


-      "W = Q - (delta_h*(10**5)/39.8)/(3600*1000)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power required to run the compressor = \",W ,\" kW, \\n The rate at which heat must be removed from the compressor = \",Q ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "# Answers vary due to round off error.\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 11.10 \n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power required to run the compressor =  -10.6853713009  kW, \n",


-        " The rate at which heat must be removed from the compressor =  -11.9346733668  kW\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 5


-    }


-   ],


-   "metadata": {}


-  }


- ]


-}
\ No newline at end of file
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 11:Thermodynamic relations Equilibrium and stability"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.3:pg-436"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 11.3\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Vapour pressure of benzene is  17.6682592008  kPa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "Tb = 353.0 # boiling point of benzene in K\n",
+    "T = 303.0 # Operational temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.3143 #Gas constant\n",
+    "P = 101.325*math.exp((88/R)*(1.0-(Tb/T)))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 11.3\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Vapour pressure of benzene is \",P ,\" kPa\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.4:pg-436"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 11.4\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Temperature at triple point is  195.197740113  K\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Pressure at triple point is  44.631622076  mm Hg\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Latent heat of sublimation is  31211.8822  kJ/kg mol\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Latent heat of vapourization is is  25466.7009  kJ/kg mol\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Latent heat of fusion is  5745.1813  kJ/kg mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T = (3754-3063)/(23.03-19.49) # Temperature at triple point in K\n",
+    "P = math.exp(23.03-(3754/195.2)) # Pressure at triple point\n",
+    "R = 8.3143 # Gas constant\n",
+    "Lsub = R*3754 # Latent heat of sublimation\n",
+    "Lvap = 3063*R # Latent heat of vaporisation\n",
+    "Lfu = Lsub-Lvap # Latent heat of fusion\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 11.4\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Temperature at triple point is \",T ,\" K\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Pressure at triple point is \",P ,\" mm Hg\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n\\n Latent heat of sublimation is \",Lsub ,\" kJ/kg mol\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Latent heat of vapourization is is \",Lvap ,\" kJ/kg mol\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Latent heat of fusion is \",Lfu ,\" kJ/kg mol\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.6:pg-438"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 11.6\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Energy of first system is  1.6212885  kJ,\n",
+      " Energy of second system is  2.43193275  kJ,\n",
+      " Volume of first system is  0.008  m**3,\n",
+      " Volume of second system is  0.012  m**3,\n",
+      " Pressure is  135.107375  kN/m**2,\n",
+      " Temperature is  260.0  K.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "R = 8.3143 # Gas constant in kJ/kg-mol-K\n",
+    "N1 = 0.5 # Mole no. of first system\n",
+    "N2 = 0.75 # Mole no. of second system\n",
+    "T1 = 200 # Initial temperature of first system in K\n",
+    "T2 = 300 # Initial temperature of second system in K\n",
+    "v = 0.02 # Total volume in m**3\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 11.6\\n\"\n",
+    "Tf = (T2*N2+T1*N1)/(N1+N2)\n",
+    "Uf_1 = (3.0/2.0)*(R*N1*Tf)*(10**-3)\n",
+    "Uf_2 = (3.0/2.0)*(R*N2*Tf)*(10**-3)\n",
+    "pf = (R*Tf*(N1+N2)*(10**-3))/v\n",
+    "Vf_1 = R*N1*(10**-3)*Tf/pf\n",
+    "Vf_2 = v-Vf_1\n",
+    "print \"\\n Energy of first system is \",Uf_1 ,\" kJ,\\n Energy of second system is \",Uf_2 ,\" kJ,\\n Volume of first system is \",Vf_1 ,\" m**3,\\n Volume of second system is \",Vf_2 ,\" m**3,\\n Pressure is \",pf ,\" kN/m**2,\\n Temperature is \",Tf ,\" K.\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.10:pg-446"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 11.10 \n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power required to run the compressor =  -10.6853713009  kW, \n",
+      " The rate at which heat must be removed from the compressor =  -11.9346733668  kW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "R = 0.082 # Gas constant in litre-atm/gmol-K\n",
+    "m = 1.5 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in atm\n",
+    "t2 = 300.0 # Temperature after compression in K\n",
+    "p2 = 400.0 # Pressure after compression in atm\n",
+    "Tc = 151.0 # For Argon in K\n",
+    "pc = 48.0 # For Argon in atm\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 11.10 \"\n",
+    "a = 0.42748*((R*1000)**2)*((Tc)**2)/pc\n",
+    "b = 0.08664*(R*1000)*(Tc)/pc\n",
+    "# By solving equation v2**2 - 49.24*v2**2 + 335.6*v2 - 43440 = 0\n",
+    "v2 = 56.8 # In cm**3/g mol\n",
+    "v1 = (R*1000)*(t2)/p1\n",
+    "delta_h = -1790 # In J/g mol\n",
+    "delta_s = -57 # In J/g mol\n",
+    "Q = (t2*delta_s*(10**5)/39.8)/(3600*1000)\n",
+    "W = Q - (delta_h*(10**5)/39.8)/(3600*1000)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power required to run the compressor = \",W ,\" kW, \\n The rate at which heat must be removed from the compressor = \",Q ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "# Answers vary due to round off error.\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter11_pIim3x0.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter11_pIim3x0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3e09ba67..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter11_pIim3x0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11:Thermodynamic relations Equilibrium and stability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.3:pg-436"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 11.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Vapour pressure of benzene is  17.6682592008  kPa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Tb = 353.0 # boiling point of benzene in K\n",
-    "T = 303.0 # Operational temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.3143 #Gas constant\n",
-    "P = 101.325*math.exp((88/R)*(1.0-(Tb/T)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 11.3\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Vapour pressure of benzene is \",P ,\" kPa\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.4:pg-436"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 11.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Temperature at triple point is  195.197740113  K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Pressure at triple point is  44.631622076  mm Hg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Latent heat of sublimation is  31211.8822  kJ/kg mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Latent heat of vapourization is is  25466.7009  kJ/kg mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Latent heat of fusion is  5745.1813  kJ/kg mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T = (3754-3063)/(23.03-19.49) # Temperature at triple point in K\n",
-    "P = math.exp(23.03-(3754/195.2)) # Pressure at triple point\n",
-    "R = 8.3143 # Gas constant\n",
-    "Lsub = R*3754 # Latent heat of sublimation\n",
-    "Lvap = 3063*R # Latent heat of vaporisation\n",
-    "Lfu = Lsub-Lvap # Latent heat of fusion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 11.4\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Temperature at triple point is \",T ,\" K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Pressure at triple point is \",P ,\" mm Hg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Latent heat of sublimation is \",Lsub ,\" kJ/kg mol\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Latent heat of vapourization is is \",Lvap ,\" kJ/kg mol\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Latent heat of fusion is \",Lfu ,\" kJ/kg mol\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.6:pg-438"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 11.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Energy of first system is  1.6212885  kJ,\n",
-      " Energy of second system is  2.43193275  kJ,\n",
-      " Volume of first system is  0.008  m**3,\n",
-      " Volume of second system is  0.012  m**3,\n",
-      " Pressure is  135.107375  kN/m**2,\n",
-      " Temperature is  260.0  K.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "R = 8.3143 # Gas constant in kJ/kg-mol-K\n",
-    "N1 = 0.5 # Mole no. of first system\n",
-    "N2 = 0.75 # Mole no. of second system\n",
-    "T1 = 200 # Initial temperature of first system in K\n",
-    "T2 = 300 # Initial temperature of second system in K\n",
-    "v = 0.02 # Total volume in m**3\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 11.6\\n\"\n",
-    "Tf = (T2*N2+T1*N1)/(N1+N2)\n",
-    "Uf_1 = (3.0/2.0)*(R*N1*Tf)*(10**-3)\n",
-    "Uf_2 = (3.0/2.0)*(R*N2*Tf)*(10**-3)\n",
-    "pf = (R*Tf*(N1+N2)*(10**-3))/v\n",
-    "Vf_1 = R*N1*(10**-3)*Tf/pf\n",
-    "Vf_2 = v-Vf_1\n",
-    "print \"\\n Energy of first system is \",Uf_1 ,\" kJ,\\n Energy of second system is \",Uf_2 ,\" kJ,\\n Volume of first system is \",Vf_1 ,\" m**3,\\n Volume of second system is \",Vf_2 ,\" m**3,\\n Pressure is \",pf ,\" kN/m**2,\\n Temperature is \",Tf ,\" K.\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.10:pg-446"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 11.10 \n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power required to run the compressor =  -10.6853713009  kW, \n",
-      " The rate at which heat must be removed from the compressor =  -11.9346733668  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R = 0.082 # Gas constant in litre-atm/gmol-K\n",
-    "m = 1.5 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in atm\n",
-    "t2 = 300.0 # Temperature after compression in K\n",
-    "p2 = 400.0 # Pressure after compression in atm\n",
-    "Tc = 151.0 # For Argon in K\n",
-    "pc = 48.0 # For Argon in atm\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 11.10 \"\n",
-    "a = 0.42748*((R*1000)**2)*((Tc)**2)/pc\n",
-    "b = 0.08664*(R*1000)*(Tc)/pc\n",
-    "# By solving equation v2**2 - 49.24*v2**2 + 335.6*v2 - 43440 = 0\n",
-    "v2 = 56.8 # In cm**3/g mol\n",
-    "v1 = (R*1000)*(t2)/p1\n",
-    "delta_h = -1790 # In J/g mol\n",
-    "delta_s = -57 # In J/g mol\n",
-    "Q = (t2*delta_s*(10**5)/39.8)/(3600*1000)\n",
-    "W = Q - (delta_h*(10**5)/39.8)/(3600*1000)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power required to run the compressor = \",W ,\" kW, \\n The rate at which heat must be removed from the compressor = \",Q ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "# Answers vary due to round off error.\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter12.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter12.ipynb
index 06d1811b..540dfc4d 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter12.ipynb
@@ -1,887 +1,890 @@
-{


- "metadata": {


-  "name": "",


-  "signature": "sha256:b39ef4709eada52e4edea3c455c191cc976086e523f6bfbc880f8c46ec08b27a"


- },


- "nbformat": 3,


- "nbformat_minor": 0,


- "worksheets": [


-  {


-   "cells": [


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 1,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Chapter 12: Vapour power cycle"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.1:pg-492"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Part (a)\n",


-      "P1 = 1 # Initial pressure in bar\n",


-      "P2 = 10 # Final pressure in bar\n",


-      "vf = 0.001043 # specific volume of liquid in m**3/kg\n",


-      "Wrev = vf*(P1-P2)*1e5 # Work done\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.1\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n The work required in saturated liquid form is \",Wrev/1000 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n",


-      "# Part (b)\n",


-      "h1 = 2675.5 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "s1 = 7.3594 # Entropy at state 1 kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",


-      "h2 = 3195.5 # Enthalpy at state 2 kJ/kg\n",


-      "Wrev1 = h1-h2 # Work done\n",


-      "print \"\\n The work required in saturated vapor form is \",Wrev1 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.1\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The work required in saturated liquid form is  -0.9387  kJ/kg\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The work required in saturated vapor form is  -520.0  kJ/kg\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 1


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.2:pg-493"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "h1 = 3159.3 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "s1 = 6.9917 # Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "h3 = 173.88  # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "s3 = 0.5926 # Entropy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "sfp2 = s3 # Isentropic process\n",


-      "hfp2 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",


-      "hfgp2 = 2403.1 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",


-      "sgp2 = 8.2287 # Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "vfp2 = 0.001008 # Specific volume in m**3/kg\n",


-      "sfgp2 = 7.6361# Entropy of liquid in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "x2s = (s1-sfp2)/(sfgp2)# Steam quality\n",


-      "h2s = hfp2+(x2s*hfgp2) # Enthalpy at state 2s\n",


-      "# Part (a)\n",


-      "P1 = 20 # Turbine inlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "P2 = 0.08 # Turbine exit pressure in bar\n",


-      "h4s = vfp2*(P1-P2)*1e2+h3  # Enthalpy at state 4s\n",


-      "Wp = h4s-h3 # Pump work\n",


-      "Wt = h1-h2s # Turbine work\n",


-      "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work \n",


-      "Q1 = h1-h4s # Heat addition\n",


-      "n_cycle = Wnet/Q1# Cycle efficiency\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.2\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Net work per kg of steam is \",Wnet ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",


-      "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "# Part (b)\n",


-      "n_p = 0.8 # pump efficiency\n",


-      "n_t = 0.8# Turbine efficiency\n",


-      "Wp_ = Wp/n_p # Pump work\n",


-      "Wt_ = Wt*n_t # Turbine work\n",


-      "Wnet_ = Wt_-Wp_# Net work\n",


-      "P = 100*((Wnet-Wnet_)/Wnet) # Percentage reduction in net work\n",


-      "n_cycle_ = Wnet_/Q1 # cycle efficiency\n",


-      "P_ = 100*((n_cycle-n_cycle_)/n_cycle) #reduction in cycle\n",


-      "print \"\\n\\n Percentage reduction in net work per kg of steam is \",P ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Percentage reduction in cycle efficiency is \",P_ ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.2\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Net work per kg of steam is  969.599095338  kJ/kg\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Cycle efficiency is  32.4996706636  percent\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Percentage reduction in net work per kg of steam is  20.093190186  percent\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Percentage reduction in cycle efficiency is  20.093190186  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 2


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.3:pg-495"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "P1 = 0.08 # Exhaust pressure in bar\n",


-      "sf = 0.5926 # Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "x2s = 0.85 # Steam quality\n",


-      "sg = 8.2287 # Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s2s = sf+(x2s*(sg-sf)) # Entropy of mixture at state 2s in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s1 = s2s # Isentropic process\n",


-      "P2 = 16.832 # by steam table opposite to s1 in bar\n",


-      "h1 = 3165.54 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2s = 173.88 + (0.85*2403.1) # Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h3 = 173.88# Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "vfp2 = 0.001 # specific volume of liquid in m**3/kg\n",


-      "h4s = h3 + (vfp2*(P2-P1)*100)# Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Q1 = h1-h4s # Heat addition\n",


-      "Wt = h1-h2s # Turbine work\n",


-      "Wp = h4s-h3 # Pump work\n",


-      "n_cycle = 100*((Wt-Wp)/Q1) # Cycle efficiency\n",


-      "Tm = (h1-h4s)/(s2s-sf) # Mean temperature of heat addition\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.3\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n The greatest allowable steam pressure at the turbine inlet is \",P2 ,\" bar\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Rankine cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Mean temperature of heat addition is \",Tm-273 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.3\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The greatest allowable steam pressure at the turbine inlet is  16.832  bar\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Rankine cycle efficiency is  31.684100869  percent\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Mean temperature of heat addition is  187.657819629  degree celcius\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 3


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.4:pg-496"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "h1 = 3465 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "h2s = 3065 #Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kgK \n",


-      "h3 = 3565 #Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "h4s = 2300 # Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "x4s = 0.88 # Steam quality at state 4s\n",


-      "h5 = 191.83# Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "v = 0.001 # specific volume in m**3/kg\n",


-      "P = 150 # Boiler outlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "Wp = v*P*100 # Pump work\n",


-      "h6s = 206.83 # Enthalpy at state 6s in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "Q1 = (h1-h6s)+(h3-h2s) # Heat addition\n",


-      "Wt = (h1-h2s)+(h3-h4s) # Turbine work\n",


-      "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work\n",


-      "n_cycle = 100*Wnet/Q1 # cycle efficiency\n",


-      "sr = 3600/Wnet #Steam rate\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.4 \\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Quality at turbine exhaust is \",0.88\n",


-      "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Steam rate is \",sr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.4 \n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Quality at turbine exhaust is  0.88\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Cycle efficiency is  43.9043470625  percent\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Steam rate is  2.18181818182  kg/kW h\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 4


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.5:pg-497"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "h1 = 3230.9 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "s1 = 6.9212 # Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",


-      "s3 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",


-      "h2 = 2796  # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "sf = 0.6493 # ENtropy of fluid onkJ/kgK\n",


-      "sfg = 7.5009 # Entropy change due to vaporization\n",


-      "x3 = (s3-sf)/sfg # steam quality\n",


-      "h3 = 191.83 + x3*2392.8 # Enthalpy at state 3\n",


-      "h4 = 191.83 # Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h5 = h4 # Isenthalpic process\n",


-      "h6 = 640.23 # Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h7 = h6 # Isenthalpic process\n",


-      "m = (h6-h5)/(h2-h5) # regenerative mass\n",


-      "Wt = (h1-h2)+(1-m)*(h2-h3) # turbine work\n",


-      "Q1 = h1-h6 # Heat addition\n",


-      "n_cycle = 100*Wt/Q1 # Cycle efficiency\n",


-      "sr = 3600/Wt # Steam rate\n",


-      "s7 = 1.8607  # Entropy at state 7 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s4 = 0.6493 # Entropy at state 4 in kJ/kgK \n",


-      "Tm = (h1-h7)/(s1-s7) # Mean temperature of heat addition with regeneration\n",


-      "Tm1 = (h1-h4)/(s1-s4) # Mean temperature of heat addition without regeneration\n",


-      "dT = Tm-Tm1 # Change in temperature\n",


-      "Wt_ = h1-h3 # Turbine work\n",


-      "sr_ = 3600/Wt_ # Steam rate\n",


-      "dsr = sr-sr_# Change in steam rate\n",


-      "n_cycle_ = 100*(h1-h3)/(h1-h4) # Cycle effciency\n",


-      "dn = n_cycle-n_cycle_# Change in efficiency\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.5\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Efficiency of the cycle is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Steam rate of the cycle is \",sr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",


-      "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Increase in temperature due to regeneration is \",dT ,\" degree centigrade\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Increase in steam rate due to regeneration is \",dsr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",


-      "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Increase in Efficiency of the cycle due to regeneration is \",dn ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.5\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Efficiency of the cycle is  36.0687573387  percent\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Steam rate of the cycle is  3.85264705574  kg/kW h\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Increase in temperature due to regeneration is  27.3862065182  degree centigrade\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Increase in steam rate due to regeneration is  0.385518227773  kg/kW h\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Increase in Efficiency of the cycle due to regeneration is  1.90293971596  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 5


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.6:pg-499"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "h1 = 3023.5  # Enthalpy of steam at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "s1 = 6.7664 # Enthalpy of steam at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",


-      "s3 = s1 #Isentropic process\n",


-      "s4 = s1 #Isentropic process\n",


-      "t_sat_20 = 212 # Saturation temperature at 20 bar in degree Celsius\n",


-      "t_sat_1 = 46 # Saturation temperature at 1 bar in degree Celsius\n",


-      "dt = t_sat_20-t_sat_1 # Change in temperature\n",


-      "n =3 # number of heaters\n",


-      "t = dt/n # temperature rise per heater\n",


-      "t1 = t_sat_20-t # Operational temperature of first heater\n",


-      "t2 = t1-t# Operational temperature of second heater\n",


-      "# 0.1 bar\n",


-      "hf = 191.83 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",


-      "hfg = 2392.8 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",


-      "sf = 0.6493# Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "sg = 8.1502# Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "# At 100 degree\n",


-      "hf100 = 419.04 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg  \n",


-      "hfg100 = 2257.0# Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg \n",


-      "sf100 = 1.3069 # Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK \n",


-      "sg100 = 7.3549 # Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "# At 150 degree\n",


-      "hf150 = 632.20 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg  \n",


-      "hfg150 = 2114.3# Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg  \n",


-      "sf150 = 1.8418 # Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK \n",


-      "sg150 = 6.8379# Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "x2 = (s1-sf150)/4.9961 # Steam quality\n",


-      "h2 = hf150+(x2*hfg150) # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "x3 = (s1-sf100)/6.0480 # Steam quality\n",


-      "h3 = hf100+(x3*hfg100) # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg \n",


-      "x4 = (s1-sf)/7.5010 # Steam quality\n",


-      "h4 = hf+(x4*hfg)#Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h5 = hf # Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h6 = h5 #Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h7 = hf100 # Enthalpy at state 7 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h8 = h7 # Enthalpy at state 8 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h9 = 632.2  # Enthalpy at state 9 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h10 = h9 # Enthalpy at state 10 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "m1 = (h9-h7)/(h2-h7) # regenerative mass \n",


-      "m2 = ((1-m1)*(h7-h6))/(h3-h6) # regenerative mass\n",


-      "Wt = 1*(h1-h2)+(1-m1)*(h2-h3)+(1-m1-m2)*(h3-h4) # Turbine work\n",


-      "Q1 = h1-h9 # Heat addition\n",


-      "Wp = 0  # Pump work is neglected\n",


-      "n_cycle = 100*(Wt-Wp)/Q1 # Cycle efficiency\n",


-      "sr = 3600/(Wt-Wp)  # Steam rate\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.6\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Steam quality at turbine exhaust is \",x3\n",


-      "print \"\\n Net work per kg of stem is \",Wt ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Stream rate is \",sr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.6\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Steam quality at turbine exhaust is  0.90269510582\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Net work per kg of stem is  798.641701509  kJ/kg\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Cycle efficiency is  33.3978046046  percent\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Stream rate is  4.50765342356  kg/kW h\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 6


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.7:pg-501"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "Ti = 2000.0 # Hot gas inlet temperature in K\n",


-      "Te = 450.0 # Hot gas exhaust temperature in K\n",


-      "T0 = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",


-      "Q1_dot = 100.0 # Heating rate provided by steam in kW\n",


-      "cpg = 1.1 # Heat capacity of gas in kJ/kg\n",


-      "wg = Q1_dot/(cpg*(Ti-Te)) # mass flow rate of hot gas\n",


-      "af1 = wg*cpg*T0*((Ti/T0)-1-log(Ti/T0)) # Availability at inlet\n",


-      "af2 = wg*cpg*T0*((Te/T0)-1-log(Te/T0)) # Availability at exit\n",


-      "afi = af1-af2 # Change in availability\n",


-      "h1 = 2801.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h3 = 169.0 #Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h4 = 172.8 #Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2 = 1890.2 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "s1 = 6.068 # Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",


-      "s3 = 0.576 # Entropy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s4 = s3 # Isentropic process\n",


-      "Wt = h1-h2 # Turbine work\n",


-      "Wp = h4-h3 # Pump work\n",


-      "Q1 = h1-h4 # Heat addition\n",


-      "Q2 = h2-h3# Heat rejection\n",


-      "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work\n",


-      "ws = Q1_dot/2628 # steam mass flow rate\n",


-      "afu = 38*(h1-h4-T0*(s1-s3)) # availability loss\n",


-      "I_dot = afi-afu # Rate of exergy destruction\n",


-      "Wnet_dot = ws*Wnet# Mechanical power rate\n",


-      "afc = ws*(h2-h3-T0*(s2-s3)) # Exergy flow rate of of wet steam\n",


-      "n2 = 100*Wnet_dot/af1 # second law efficiency\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.7\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n The second law efficiency is \",n2 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.7\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The second law efficiency is  47.3045857486  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 8


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.8:pg-503"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Part (a)\n",


-      "h1 = 2758.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2 = 1817.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h3 = 192.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h4 = 200.0# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Wt = h1-h2 # turbine work\n",


-      "Wp = h4-h3 # Pump work\n",


-      "Q1 = h1-h4 # Heat addition\n",


-      "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work doen\n",


-      "n1 = Wnet/Q1 # First law efficiency\n",


-      "WR = Wnet/Wt # Work ratio\n",


-      "Q1_ = 100.0 # Heat addition rate in MW\n",


-      "PO = n1*Q1_ # power output\n",


-      "cpg = 1000 # Specific heat capacity in J/kg\n",


-      "wg = (Q1_/(833-450)) # mass flow rate of gas\n",


-      "EIR = wg*cpg*((833-300)-300*(log(833/300)))/1000 # Exergy input\n",


-      "n2 = PO/EIR # Second law efficiency\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.8\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Part (a)\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1*100\n",


-      "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2*100\n",


-      "print \"\\n The work ratio is \",WR\n",


-      "# Part (b)\n",


-      "h1b = 3398.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2b = 2130.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h3b = 192.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h4b = 200.0# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Wtb = 1268.0 # turbine work in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Wpb = 8.0  # Pump work in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Q1b = 3198.0# Heat addition rate in kW\n",


-      "n1b = (Wtb-Wpb)/Q1b #first law efficiency\n",


-      "WRb = (Wtb-Wpb)/Wtb # WOrk ratio\n",


-      "EIRb = 59.3 # Exergy input rate in MW\n",


-      "Wnetb = Q1_*n1b # net work done\n",


-      "\n",


-      "n2b = Wnetb/EIRb # Second law efficiency\n",


-      "print \"\\n Part (b)\" \n",


-      "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1b*100\n",


-      "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2b*100\n",


-      "print \"\\n The work ration is \",WRb\n",


-      "\n",


-      "# Part (c)\n",


-      "h1c = 3398.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2c = 2761.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h3c = 3482.0# Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h4c = 2522.0 # Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h5c = 192.0 # Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h6c = 200.0# Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Wt1 = 637.0 # Turbine work in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Wt2 = 960.0 # Turbine work in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Wtc = Wt1+Wt2  # Net turbine work in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Wp = 8.0 # Pump work in kJ/kg \n",


-      "Wnetc = Wtc-Wp # net work done \n",


-      "Q1c = 3198+721 # Heat addition\n",


-      "n1c = Wnetc/Q1c# First law efficiency\n",


-      "WRc = Wnetc/Wtc# Work ratio\n",


-      "POc = Q1_*n1c# Power output\n",


-      "EIRc = 59.3# Exergy input in MW\n",


-      "n2c = POc/EIRc # Second law efficiency\n",


-      "print \"\\n Part (c)\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1c*100\n",


-      "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2c*100\n",


-      "print \"\\n The work ration is \",WRc\n",


-      "\n",


-      "# Part (d)\n",


-      "T3 = 45.8 # saturation temperature at 0.1 bar in degree celsius \n",


-      "T1 = 295.0 # saturation temperature at 80 bar in degree celsius \n",


-      "n1d = 1.0-((T3+273)/(T1+273)) # First law efficiency\n",


-      "Q1d = 2758-1316 # Heat addition\n",


-      "Wnet = Q1d*n1d # Net work output\n",


-      "Wpd = 8.0 # Pump work in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Wtd = 641.0# Turbine work in kJ/kg\n",


-      "WRd = (Wt-Wp)/Wt # Work ratio\n",


-      "POd = Q1_*0.439# Power output\n",


-      "EIRd = (Q1_/(833-593))*cpg*((833-300)-300*(log(833/300)))/1000 #Exergy Input rate in MW\n",


-      "n2d = POd/EIRd # Second law efficiency\n",


-      "print \"\\n Part (d)\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1d*100\n",


-      "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2d*100\n",


-      "print \"\\n The work ration is \",WRd\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.8\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Part (a)\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The first law efficiency n1 is  36.4738076622\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The second law efficiency n2 is  42.9755948516\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The work ratio is  0.991498405951\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Part (b)\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The first law efficiency n1 is  39.3996247655\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The second law efficiency n2 is  66.4411884747\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The work ration is  0.993690851735\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Part (c)\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The first law efficiency n1 is  40.5460576678\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The second law efficiency n2 is  68.3744648698\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The work ration is  0.994990607389\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Part (d)\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The first law efficiency n1 is  43.8732394366\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The second law efficiency n2 is  32.4128919233\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The work ration is  0.991498405951\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 10


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.9:pg-505"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "hfg = 2202.6 # Latent heat of fusion in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Qh = 5.83 # Heat addition in MJ/s\n",


-      "ws = Qh/hfg # steam flow rate\n",


-      "eg = 0.9 # efficiency of generator\n",


-      "P = 1000.0 # Power generation rate in kW\n",


-      "Wnet = 1000.0/eg # Net output\n",


-      "nbrake = 0.8 # brake thermal efficiency\n",


-      "h1_2s = Wnet/(ws*nbrake) # Ideal heat addition\n",


-      "n_internal = 0.85 # internal efficiency\n",


-      "h12 = n_internal*h1_2s # Actual heat addition\n",


-      "hg = 2706.3 # Enthalpy of gas in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2 = hg #Isenthalpic process \n",


-      "h1 = h12+h2 # Total enthalpy \n",


-      "h2s = h1-h1_2s # Enthalpy change\n",


-      "hf = 503.71 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg \n",


-      "x2s = (h2s-hf)/hfg # Quality of steam\n",


-      "sf = 1.5276  # entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "sfg = 5.6020 # Entropy change due to vaporization in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s2s = sf+(x2s*sfg) # Entropy at state 2s\n",


-      "s1 = s2s # Isentropic process\n",


-      "P1 = 22.5 # Turbine inlet pressure in bar from Mollier chart\n",


-      "t1 = 360.0 # Temperature of the steam in degree Celsius from Mollier chart\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.9\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Temperature of the steam is \",t1 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Pressure of the steam is \",P1 ,\" bar\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.9\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Temperature of the steam is  360.0  degree celcius\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Pressure of the steam is  22.5  bar\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 11


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.10:pg-506"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "h1 = 3037.3 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "x = 0.96 # Steam quality\n",


-      "h2 = 561+(x*2163.8) # Enthalpy at state 2 \n",


-      "s2 = 1.6718+(x*5.3201)# Entropy at state 2 \n",


-      "s3s = s2 # Isentropic process\n",


-      "x3s = (s3s-0.6493)/7.5009 # Quality at state 3s \n",


-      "h3s = 191.83+(x3s*2392.8) # Enthalpy at state 3s \n",


-      "h23 = 0.8*(h2-h3s) # Enthalpy change in process 23\n",


-      "h3 = h2-h23 # Enthalpy at state 3\n",


-      "h5 = 561.47  # Enthalpy at state 5\n",


-      "h4 = 191.83# Enthalpy at state 4\n",


-      "Qh = 3500 # Heat addition in kJ/s\n",


-      "w = Qh/(h2-h5) # mass flow rate\n",


-      "Wt = 1500 # Turbine work\n",


-      "ws = (Wt+w*(h2-h3))/(h1-h3) # Steam flow rate \n",


-      "ws_ = 3600*ws  # Steam flow rate  in kg/h\n",


-      "h6 = ((ws-w)*h4+w*h5)/ws  #Enthalpy at state 6\n",


-      "h7 = h6# Enthalpy at state 7\n",


-      "n_boiler = 0.85 # Boiler efficiency\n",


-      "CV = 44000 # Calorific value of fuel in kJ/kg\n",


-      "wf = (1.1*ws_*(h1-h7))/(n_boiler*CV) # Fuel consumption rate\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.10\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Fuel burning rate is \",wf*24/1000 ,\" tonnes/day\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.10\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Fuel burning rate is  18.1592477786  tonnes/day\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 12


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.11:pg-508"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "h1 = 3285.0  # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2s = 3010.0 # Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h3 = 3280.0 # # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h4s = 3030.0 # # Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kg\n",


-      "# Saturation pressure at temperature 180 degree centigrade\n",


-      "psat = 10 # In bar\n",


-      "h4 = h3-0.83*(h3-h4s) # # Enthalpy at state 4 \n",


-      "h5s = 2225.0 # # Enthalpy at state 5s in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h5 = h4-0.83*(h4-h5s) # # Enthalpy at state 5\n",


-      "h6 = 162.7 # Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h7 = h6 # # Enthalpy at state 7 \n",


-      "h8 = 762.81# Enthalpy at state 8 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2 = h1-0.785*(h1-h2s) #Enthalpy at state 2 \n",


-      "m = (h8-h7)/(h4-h7) # regenerative mass flow\n",


-      "n_cycle = ((h1-h2)+(h3-h4)+(1-m)*(h4-h5))/((h1-h8)+(h3-h2)) # Cycle efficiency\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.11\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n The minimum pressure at which bleeding is neccessary is \",psat ,\" bar\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Steam flow at turbine inlet is \",m ,\" kg/s\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "# Part A and Part B are theoretical problems\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.11\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The minimum pressure at which bleeding is neccessary is  10  bar\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Steam flow at turbine inlet is  0.206237542099  kg/s\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Cycle efficiency is  35.9203808526  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 13


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex12.12:pg-510"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# From table \n",


-      "h1 = 2792.2 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg \n",


-      "h4 = 122.96# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg \n",


-      "hb = 254.88 # Enthalpy at state b in kJ/kg \n",


-      "hc = 29.98# Enthalpy at state c in kJ/kg \n",


-      "ha = 355.98 # Enthalpy at state a in kJ/kg \n",


-      "hd = hc # Isenthalpic process\n",


-      "h2 = 1949.27 # # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg \n",


-      "#\n",


-      "m = (h1-h4)/(hb-hc) # Amount of mercury circulating\n",


-      "Q1t = m*(ha-hd) # Heat addition\n",


-      "W1t = m*(ha-hb) + (h1-h2) # Turbine work\n",


-      "n = W1t/Q1t # first law efficiency\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 12.12 \\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Overall efficiency of the cycle is \",n*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n",


-      "S = 50000 # Stem flow rate through turbine in kg/h\n",


-      "wm = S*m # mercury flow rate\n",


-      "print \"\\n Flow through the mercury turbine is math.exp kg/h\",wm\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Wt = W1t*S/3600 # Turbine work\n",


-      "print \"\\n Useful work done in binary vapor cycle is \",Wt/1e3 ,\" MW\"\n",


-      "nm = 0.85 # Internal efficiency of mercury turbine\n",


-      "ns = 0.87 # Internal efficiency of steam turbine\n",


-      "WTm = nm*(ha-hb) # turbine work of mercury based cycle\n",


-      "hb_ = ha-WTm # Enthalpy at state b in kJ/kg\n",


-      "m_ = (h1-h4)/(hb_-hc) # mass flow rate of mercury\n",


-      "h1_ = 3037.3 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Q1t = m_*(ha-hd)+(h1_-h1) # Heat addition\n",


-      "x2_ = (6.9160-0.4226)/(8.47-0.4226) # steam quality\n",


-      "h2_ = 121+(0.806*2432.9) # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg \n",


-      "WTst = ns*(h1_-h2_) # Turbine work\n",


-      "WTt = m_*(ha-hb_)+WTst # Total turbine work\n",


-      "N = WTt/Q1t #Overall efficiency \n",


-      "print \"\\n Overall efficiency is \",N*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "# The answers vary due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 12.12 \n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Overall efficiency of the cycle is  52.7981817715  percent\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Flow through the mercury turbine is math.exp kg/h 593428.190307\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Useful work done in binary vapor cycle is  28.3728027889  MW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Overall efficiency is  46.1693685319  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 14


-    }


-   ],


-   "metadata": {}


-  }


- ]


-}
\ No newline at end of file
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 12: Vapour power cycle"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.1:pg-492"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.1\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The work required in saturated liquid form is  -0.9387  kJ/kg\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The work required in saturated vapor form is  -520.0  kJ/kg\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Part (a)\n",
+    "P1 = 1 # Initial pressure in bar\n",
+    "P2 = 10 # Final pressure in bar\n",
+    "vf = 0.001043 # specific volume of liquid in m**3/kg\n",
+    "Wrev = vf*(P1-P2)*1e5 # Work done\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.1\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n The work required in saturated liquid form is \",Wrev/1000 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Part (b)\n",
+    "h1 = 2675.5 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "s1 = 7.3594 # Entropy at state 1 kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",
+    "h2 = 3195.5 # Enthalpy at state 2 kJ/kg\n",
+    "Wrev1 = h1-h2 # Work done\n",
+    "print \"\\n The work required in saturated vapor form is \",Wrev1 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.2:pg-493"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.2\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Net work per kg of steam is  969.599095338  kJ/kg\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Cycle efficiency is  32.4996706636  percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Percentage reduction in net work per kg of steam is  20.093190186  percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Percentage reduction in cycle efficiency is  20.093190186  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "h1 = 3159.3 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "s1 = 6.9917 # Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "h3 = 173.88  # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "s3 = 0.5926 # Entropy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "sfp2 = s3 # Isentropic process\n",
+    "hfp2 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "hfgp2 = 2403.1 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
+    "sgp2 = 8.2287 # Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "vfp2 = 0.001008 # Specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
+    "sfgp2 = 7.6361# Entropy of liquid in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "x2s = (s1-sfp2)/(sfgp2)# Steam quality\n",
+    "h2s = hfp2+(x2s*hfgp2) # Enthalpy at state 2s\n",
+    "# Part (a)\n",
+    "P1 = 20 # Turbine inlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "P2 = 0.08 # Turbine exit pressure in bar\n",
+    "h4s = vfp2*(P1-P2)*1e2+h3  # Enthalpy at state 4s\n",
+    "Wp = h4s-h3 # Pump work\n",
+    "Wt = h1-h2s # Turbine work\n",
+    "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work \n",
+    "Q1 = h1-h4s # Heat addition\n",
+    "n_cycle = Wnet/Q1# Cycle efficiency\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.2\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Net work per kg of steam is \",Wnet ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
+    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Part (b)\n",
+    "n_p = 0.8 # pump efficiency\n",
+    "n_t = 0.8# Turbine efficiency\n",
+    "Wp_ = Wp/n_p # Pump work\n",
+    "Wt_ = Wt*n_t # Turbine work\n",
+    "Wnet_ = Wt_-Wp_# Net work\n",
+    "P = 100*((Wnet-Wnet_)/Wnet) # Percentage reduction in net work\n",
+    "n_cycle_ = Wnet_/Q1 # cycle efficiency\n",
+    "P_ = 100*((n_cycle-n_cycle_)/n_cycle) #reduction in cycle\n",
+    "print \"\\n\\n Percentage reduction in net work per kg of steam is \",P ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Percentage reduction in cycle efficiency is \",P_ ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.3:pg-495"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.3\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The greatest allowable steam pressure at the turbine inlet is  16.832  bar\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Rankine cycle efficiency is  31.684100869  percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Mean temperature of heat addition is  187.657819629  degree celcius\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "P1 = 0.08 # Exhaust pressure in bar\n",
+    "sf = 0.5926 # Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "x2s = 0.85 # Steam quality\n",
+    "sg = 8.2287 # Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s2s = sf+(x2s*(sg-sf)) # Entropy of mixture at state 2s in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s1 = s2s # Isentropic process\n",
+    "P2 = 16.832 # by steam table opposite to s1 in bar\n",
+    "h1 = 3165.54 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2s = 173.88 + (0.85*2403.1) # Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3 = 173.88# Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "vfp2 = 0.001 # specific volume of liquid in m**3/kg\n",
+    "h4s = h3 + (vfp2*(P2-P1)*100)# Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Q1 = h1-h4s # Heat addition\n",
+    "Wt = h1-h2s # Turbine work\n",
+    "Wp = h4s-h3 # Pump work\n",
+    "n_cycle = 100*((Wt-Wp)/Q1) # Cycle efficiency\n",
+    "Tm = (h1-h4s)/(s2s-sf) # Mean temperature of heat addition\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.3\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n The greatest allowable steam pressure at the turbine inlet is \",P2 ,\" bar\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Rankine cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Mean temperature of heat addition is \",Tm-273 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.4:pg-496"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.4 \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Quality at turbine exhaust is  0.88\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Cycle efficiency is  43.9043470625  percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Steam rate is  2.18181818182  kg/kW h\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "h1 = 3465 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "h2s = 3065 #Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kgK \n",
+    "h3 = 3565 #Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "h4s = 2300 # Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "x4s = 0.88 # Steam quality at state 4s\n",
+    "h5 = 191.83# Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "v = 0.001 # specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
+    "P = 150 # Boiler outlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "Wp = v*P*100 # Pump work\n",
+    "h6s = 206.83 # Enthalpy at state 6s in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "Q1 = (h1-h6s)+(h3-h2s) # Heat addition\n",
+    "Wt = (h1-h2s)+(h3-h4s) # Turbine work\n",
+    "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work\n",
+    "n_cycle = 100*Wnet/Q1 # cycle efficiency\n",
+    "sr = 3600/Wnet #Steam rate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.4 \\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Quality at turbine exhaust is \",0.88\n",
+    "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Steam rate is \",sr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.5:pg-497"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.5\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Efficiency of the cycle is  36.0687573387  percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Steam rate of the cycle is  3.85264705574  kg/kW h\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Increase in temperature due to regeneration is  27.3862065182  degree centigrade\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Increase in steam rate due to regeneration is  0.385518227773  kg/kW h\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Increase in Efficiency of the cycle due to regeneration is  1.90293971596  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "h1 = 3230.9 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "s1 = 6.9212 # Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",
+    "s3 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",
+    "h2 = 2796  # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "sf = 0.6493 # ENtropy of fluid onkJ/kgK\n",
+    "sfg = 7.5009 # Entropy change due to vaporization\n",
+    "x3 = (s3-sf)/sfg # steam quality\n",
+    "h3 = 191.83 + x3*2392.8 # Enthalpy at state 3\n",
+    "h4 = 191.83 # Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h5 = h4 # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "h6 = 640.23 # Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h7 = h6 # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "m = (h6-h5)/(h2-h5) # regenerative mass\n",
+    "Wt = (h1-h2)+(1-m)*(h2-h3) # turbine work\n",
+    "Q1 = h1-h6 # Heat addition\n",
+    "n_cycle = 100*Wt/Q1 # Cycle efficiency\n",
+    "sr = 3600/Wt # Steam rate\n",
+    "s7 = 1.8607  # Entropy at state 7 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s4 = 0.6493 # Entropy at state 4 in kJ/kgK \n",
+    "Tm = (h1-h7)/(s1-s7) # Mean temperature of heat addition with regeneration\n",
+    "Tm1 = (h1-h4)/(s1-s4) # Mean temperature of heat addition without regeneration\n",
+    "dT = Tm-Tm1 # Change in temperature\n",
+    "Wt_ = h1-h3 # Turbine work\n",
+    "sr_ = 3600/Wt_ # Steam rate\n",
+    "dsr = sr-sr_# Change in steam rate\n",
+    "n_cycle_ = 100*(h1-h3)/(h1-h4) # Cycle effciency\n",
+    "dn = n_cycle-n_cycle_# Change in efficiency\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.5\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Efficiency of the cycle is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Steam rate of the cycle is \",sr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",
+    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Increase in temperature due to regeneration is \",dT ,\" degree centigrade\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Increase in steam rate due to regeneration is \",dsr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",
+    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Increase in Efficiency of the cycle due to regeneration is \",dn ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.6:pg-499"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.6\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Steam quality at turbine exhaust is  0.90269510582\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Net work per kg of stem is  798.641701509  kJ/kg\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Cycle efficiency is  33.3978046046  percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Stream rate is  4.50765342356  kg/kW h\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "h1 = 3023.5  # Enthalpy of steam at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "s1 = 6.7664 # Enthalpy of steam at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",
+    "s3 = s1 #Isentropic process\n",
+    "s4 = s1 #Isentropic process\n",
+    "t_sat_20 = 212 # Saturation temperature at 20 bar in degree Celsius\n",
+    "t_sat_1 = 46 # Saturation temperature at 1 bar in degree Celsius\n",
+    "dt = t_sat_20-t_sat_1 # Change in temperature\n",
+    "n =3 # number of heaters\n",
+    "t = dt/n # temperature rise per heater\n",
+    "t1 = t_sat_20-t # Operational temperature of first heater\n",
+    "t2 = t1-t# Operational temperature of second heater\n",
+    "# 0.1 bar\n",
+    "hf = 191.83 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
+    "hfg = 2392.8 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
+    "sf = 0.6493# Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "sg = 8.1502# Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "# At 100 degree\n",
+    "hf100 = 419.04 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg  \n",
+    "hfg100 = 2257.0# Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg \n",
+    "sf100 = 1.3069 # Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK \n",
+    "sg100 = 7.3549 # Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "# At 150 degree\n",
+    "hf150 = 632.20 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg  \n",
+    "hfg150 = 2114.3# Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg  \n",
+    "sf150 = 1.8418 # Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK \n",
+    "sg150 = 6.8379# Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "x2 = (s1-sf150)/4.9961 # Steam quality\n",
+    "h2 = hf150+(x2*hfg150) # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "x3 = (s1-sf100)/6.0480 # Steam quality\n",
+    "h3 = hf100+(x3*hfg100) # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg \n",
+    "x4 = (s1-sf)/7.5010 # Steam quality\n",
+    "h4 = hf+(x4*hfg)#Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h5 = hf # Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h6 = h5 #Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h7 = hf100 # Enthalpy at state 7 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h8 = h7 # Enthalpy at state 8 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h9 = 632.2  # Enthalpy at state 9 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h10 = h9 # Enthalpy at state 10 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "m1 = (h9-h7)/(h2-h7) # regenerative mass \n",
+    "m2 = ((1-m1)*(h7-h6))/(h3-h6) # regenerative mass\n",
+    "Wt = 1*(h1-h2)+(1-m1)*(h2-h3)+(1-m1-m2)*(h3-h4) # Turbine work\n",
+    "Q1 = h1-h9 # Heat addition\n",
+    "Wp = 0  # Pump work is neglected\n",
+    "n_cycle = 100*(Wt-Wp)/Q1 # Cycle efficiency\n",
+    "sr = 3600/(Wt-Wp)  # Steam rate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.6\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Steam quality at turbine exhaust is \",x3\n",
+    "print \"\\n Net work per kg of stem is \",Wt ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Stream rate is \",sr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.7:pg-501"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.7\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The second law efficiency is  47.3045857486  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "Ti = 2000.0 # Hot gas inlet temperature in K\n",
+    "Te = 450.0 # Hot gas exhaust temperature in K\n",
+    "T0 = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
+    "Q1_dot = 100.0 # Heating rate provided by steam in kW\n",
+    "cpg = 1.1 # Heat capacity of gas in kJ/kg\n",
+    "wg = Q1_dot/(cpg*(Ti-Te)) # mass flow rate of hot gas\n",
+    "af1 = wg*cpg*T0*((Ti/T0)-1-math.log(Ti/T0)) # Availability at inlet\n",
+    "af2 = wg*cpg*T0*((Te/T0)-1-math.log(Te/T0)) # Availability at exit\n",
+    "afi = af1-af2 # Change in availability\n",
+    "h1 = 2801.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3 = 169.0 #Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4 = 172.8 #Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = 1890.2 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "s1 = 6.068 # Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",
+    "s3 = 0.576 # Entropy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s4 = s3 # Isentropic process\n",
+    "Wt = h1-h2 # Turbine work\n",
+    "Wp = h4-h3 # Pump work\n",
+    "Q1 = h1-h4 # Heat addition\n",
+    "Q2 = h2-h3# Heat rejection\n",
+    "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work\n",
+    "ws = Q1_dot/2628 # steam mass flow rate\n",
+    "afu = 38*(h1-h4-T0*(s1-s3)) # availability loss\n",
+    "I_dot = afi-afu # Rate of exergy destruction\n",
+    "Wnet_dot = ws*Wnet# Mechanical power rate\n",
+    "afc = ws*(h2-h3-T0*(s2-s3)) # Exergy flow rate of of wet steam\n",
+    "n2 = 100*Wnet_dot/af1 # second law efficiency\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.7\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency is \",n2 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.8:pg-503"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.8\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Part (a)\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The first law efficiency n1 is  36.4738076622\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The second law efficiency n2 is  42.9755948516\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The work ratio is  0.991498405951\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Part (b)\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The first law efficiency n1 is  39.3996247655\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The second law efficiency n2 is  66.4411884747\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The work ration is  0.993690851735\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Part (c)\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The first law efficiency n1 is  40.5460576678\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The second law efficiency n2 is  68.3744648698\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The work ration is  0.994990607389\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Part (d)\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The first law efficiency n1 is  43.8732394366\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The second law efficiency n2 is  32.4128919233\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The work ration is  0.991498405951\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Part (a)\n",
+    "h1 = 2758.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = 1817.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3 = 192.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4 = 200.0# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Wt = h1-h2 # turbine work\n",
+    "Wp = h4-h3 # Pump work\n",
+    "Q1 = h1-h4 # Heat addition\n",
+    "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work doen\n",
+    "n1 = Wnet/Q1 # First law efficiency\n",
+    "WR = Wnet/Wt # Work ratio\n",
+    "Q1_ = 100.0 # Heat addition rate in MW\n",
+    "PO = n1*Q1_ # power output\n",
+    "cpg = 1000 # Specific heat capacity in J/kg\n",
+    "wg = (Q1_/(833-450)) # mass flow rate of gas\n",
+    "EIR = wg*cpg*((833-300)-300*(math.log(833/300)))/1000 # Exergy input\n",
+    "n2 = PO/EIR # Second law efficiency\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.8\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Part (a)\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1*100\n",
+    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2*100\n",
+    "print \"\\n The work ratio is \",WR\n",
+    "# Part (b)\n",
+    "h1b = 3398.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2b = 2130.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3b = 192.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4b = 200.0# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Wtb = 1268.0 # turbine work in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Wpb = 8.0  # Pump work in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Q1b = 3198.0# Heat addition rate in kW\n",
+    "n1b = (Wtb-Wpb)/Q1b #first law efficiency\n",
+    "WRb = (Wtb-Wpb)/Wtb # WOrk ratio\n",
+    "EIRb = 59.3 # Exergy input rate in MW\n",
+    "Wnetb = Q1_*n1b # net work done\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n2b = Wnetb/EIRb # Second law efficiency\n",
+    "print \"\\n Part (b)\" \n",
+    "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1b*100\n",
+    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2b*100\n",
+    "print \"\\n The work ration is \",WRb\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Part (c)\n",
+    "h1c = 3398.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2c = 2761.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3c = 3482.0# Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4c = 2522.0 # Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h5c = 192.0 # Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h6c = 200.0# Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Wt1 = 637.0 # Turbine work in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Wt2 = 960.0 # Turbine work in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Wtc = Wt1+Wt2  # Net turbine work in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Wp = 8.0 # Pump work in kJ/kg \n",
+    "Wnetc = Wtc-Wp # net work done \n",
+    "Q1c = 3198+721 # Heat addition\n",
+    "n1c = Wnetc/Q1c# First law efficiency\n",
+    "WRc = Wnetc/Wtc# Work ratio\n",
+    "POc = Q1_*n1c# Power output\n",
+    "EIRc = 59.3# Exergy input in MW\n",
+    "n2c = POc/EIRc # Second law efficiency\n",
+    "print \"\\n Part (c)\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1c*100\n",
+    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2c*100\n",
+    "print \"\\n The work ration is \",WRc\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Part (d)\n",
+    "T3 = 45.8 # saturation temperature at 0.1 bar in degree celsius \n",
+    "T1 = 295.0 # saturation temperature at 80 bar in degree celsius \n",
+    "n1d = 1.0-((T3+273)/(T1+273)) # First law efficiency\n",
+    "Q1d = 2758-1316 # Heat addition\n",
+    "Wnet = Q1d*n1d # Net work output\n",
+    "Wpd = 8.0 # Pump work in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Wtd = 641.0# Turbine work in kJ/kg\n",
+    "WRd = (Wt-Wp)/Wt # Work ratio\n",
+    "POd = Q1_*0.439# Power output\n",
+    "EIRd = (Q1_/(833-593))*cpg*((833-300)-300*(math.log(833/300)))/1000 #Exergy Input rate in MW\n",
+    "n2d = POd/EIRd # Second law efficiency\n",
+    "print \"\\n Part (d)\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1d*100\n",
+    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2d*100\n",
+    "print \"\\n The work ration is \",WRd\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.9:pg-505"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.9\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Temperature of the steam is  360.0  degree celcius\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Pressure of the steam is  22.5  bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "hfg = 2202.6 # Latent heat of fusion in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Qh = 5.83 # Heat addition in MJ/s\n",
+    "ws = Qh/hfg # steam flow rate\n",
+    "eg = 0.9 # efficiency of generator\n",
+    "P = 1000.0 # Power generation rate in kW\n",
+    "Wnet = 1000.0/eg # Net output\n",
+    "nbrake = 0.8 # brake thermal efficiency\n",
+    "h1_2s = Wnet/(ws*nbrake) # Ideal heat addition\n",
+    "n_internal = 0.85 # internal efficiency\n",
+    "h12 = n_internal*h1_2s # Actual heat addition\n",
+    "hg = 2706.3 # Enthalpy of gas in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = hg #Isenthalpic process \n",
+    "h1 = h12+h2 # Total enthalpy \n",
+    "h2s = h1-h1_2s # Enthalpy change\n",
+    "hf = 503.71 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg \n",
+    "x2s = (h2s-hf)/hfg # Quality of steam\n",
+    "sf = 1.5276  # entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "sfg = 5.6020 # Entropy change due to vaporization in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s2s = sf+(x2s*sfg) # Entropy at state 2s\n",
+    "s1 = s2s # Isentropic process\n",
+    "P1 = 22.5 # Turbine inlet pressure in bar from Mollier chart\n",
+    "t1 = 360.0 # Temperature of the steam in degree Celsius from Mollier chart\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.9\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Temperature of the steam is \",t1 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Pressure of the steam is \",P1 ,\" bar\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.10:pg-506"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.10\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Fuel burning rate is  18.1592477786  tonnes/day\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "h1 = 3037.3 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "x = 0.96 # Steam quality\n",
+    "h2 = 561+(x*2163.8) # Enthalpy at state 2 \n",
+    "s2 = 1.6718+(x*5.3201)# Entropy at state 2 \n",
+    "s3s = s2 # Isentropic process\n",
+    "x3s = (s3s-0.6493)/7.5009 # Quality at state 3s \n",
+    "h3s = 191.83+(x3s*2392.8) # Enthalpy at state 3s \n",
+    "h23 = 0.8*(h2-h3s) # Enthalpy change in process 23\n",
+    "h3 = h2-h23 # Enthalpy at state 3\n",
+    "h5 = 561.47  # Enthalpy at state 5\n",
+    "h4 = 191.83# Enthalpy at state 4\n",
+    "Qh = 3500 # Heat addition in kJ/s\n",
+    "w = Qh/(h2-h5) # mass flow rate\n",
+    "Wt = 1500 # Turbine work\n",
+    "ws = (Wt+w*(h2-h3))/(h1-h3) # Steam flow rate \n",
+    "ws_ = 3600*ws  # Steam flow rate  in kg/h\n",
+    "h6 = ((ws-w)*h4+w*h5)/ws  #Enthalpy at state 6\n",
+    "h7 = h6# Enthalpy at state 7\n",
+    "n_boiler = 0.85 # Boiler efficiency\n",
+    "CV = 44000 # Calorific value of fuel in kJ/kg\n",
+    "wf = (1.1*ws_*(h1-h7))/(n_boiler*CV) # Fuel consumption rate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.10\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Fuel burning rate is \",wf*24/1000 ,\" tonnes/day\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.11:pg-508"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.11\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The minimum pressure at which bleeding is neccessary is  10  bar\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Steam flow at turbine inlet is  0.206237542099  kg/s\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Cycle efficiency is  35.9203808526  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "h1 = 3285.0  # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2s = 3010.0 # Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3 = 3280.0 # # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4s = 3030.0 # # Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kg\n",
+    "# Saturation pressure at temperature 180 degree centigrade\n",
+    "psat = 10 # In bar\n",
+    "h4 = h3-0.83*(h3-h4s) # # Enthalpy at state 4 \n",
+    "h5s = 2225.0 # # Enthalpy at state 5s in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h5 = h4-0.83*(h4-h5s) # # Enthalpy at state 5\n",
+    "h6 = 162.7 # Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h7 = h6 # # Enthalpy at state 7 \n",
+    "h8 = 762.81# Enthalpy at state 8 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = h1-0.785*(h1-h2s) #Enthalpy at state 2 \n",
+    "m = (h8-h7)/(h4-h7) # regenerative mass flow\n",
+    "n_cycle = ((h1-h2)+(h3-h4)+(1-m)*(h4-h5))/((h1-h8)+(h3-h2)) # Cycle efficiency\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.11\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n The minimum pressure at which bleeding is neccessary is \",psat ,\" bar\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Steam flow at turbine inlet is \",m ,\" kg/s\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "# Part A and Part B are theoretical problems\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.12:pg-510"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 12.12 \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Overall efficiency of the cycle is  52.7981817715  percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Flow through the mercury turbine is math.exp kg/h 593428.190307\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Useful work done in binary vapor cycle is  28.3728027889  MW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Overall efficiency is  46.1693685319  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# From table \n",
+    "h1 = 2792.2 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg \n",
+    "h4 = 122.96# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg \n",
+    "hb = 254.88 # Enthalpy at state b in kJ/kg \n",
+    "hc = 29.98# Enthalpy at state c in kJ/kg \n",
+    "ha = 355.98 # Enthalpy at state a in kJ/kg \n",
+    "hd = hc # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "h2 = 1949.27 # # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg \n",
+    "#\n",
+    "m = (h1-h4)/(hb-hc) # Amount of mercury circulating\n",
+    "Q1t = m*(ha-hd) # Heat addition\n",
+    "W1t = m*(ha-hb) + (h1-h2) # Turbine work\n",
+    "n = W1t/Q1t # first law efficiency\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 12.12 \\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Overall efficiency of the cycle is \",n*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n",
+    "S = 50000 # Stem flow rate through turbine in kg/h\n",
+    "wm = S*m # mercury flow rate\n",
+    "print \"\\n Flow through the mercury turbine is math.exp kg/h\",wm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Wt = W1t*S/3600 # Turbine work\n",
+    "print \"\\n Useful work done in binary vapor cycle is \",Wt/1e3 ,\" MW\"\n",
+    "nm = 0.85 # Internal efficiency of mercury turbine\n",
+    "ns = 0.87 # Internal efficiency of steam turbine\n",
+    "WTm = nm*(ha-hb) # turbine work of mercury based cycle\n",
+    "hb_ = ha-WTm # Enthalpy at state b in kJ/kg\n",
+    "m_ = (h1-h4)/(hb_-hc) # mass flow rate of mercury\n",
+    "h1_ = 3037.3 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Q1t = m_*(ha-hd)+(h1_-h1) # Heat addition\n",
+    "x2_ = (6.9160-0.4226)/(8.47-0.4226) # steam quality\n",
+    "h2_ = 121+(0.806*2432.9) # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg \n",
+    "WTst = ns*(h1_-h2_) # Turbine work\n",
+    "WTt = m_*(ha-hb_)+WTst  # Total turbine work\n",
+    "N = WTt/Q1t #Overall efficiency \n",
+    "print \"\\n Overall efficiency is \",N*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "# The answers vary due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter12_KsTKwv5.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter12_KsTKwv5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 540dfc4d..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter12_KsTKwv5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,890 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 12: Vapour power cycle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.1:pg-492"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The work required in saturated liquid form is  -0.9387  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The work required in saturated vapor form is  -520.0  kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Part (a)\n",
-    "P1 = 1 # Initial pressure in bar\n",
-    "P2 = 10 # Final pressure in bar\n",
-    "vf = 0.001043 # specific volume of liquid in m**3/kg\n",
-    "Wrev = vf*(P1-P2)*1e5 # Work done\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.1\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The work required in saturated liquid form is \",Wrev/1000 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "h1 = 2675.5 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 7.3594 # Entropy at state 1 kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",
-    "h2 = 3195.5 # Enthalpy at state 2 kJ/kg\n",
-    "Wrev1 = h1-h2 # Work done\n",
-    "print \"\\n The work required in saturated vapor form is \",Wrev1 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.2:pg-493"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Net work per kg of steam is  969.599095338  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cycle efficiency is  32.4996706636  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Percentage reduction in net work per kg of steam is  20.093190186  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Percentage reduction in cycle efficiency is  20.093190186  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h1 = 3159.3 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 6.9917 # Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "h3 = 173.88  # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s3 = 0.5926 # Entropy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "sfp2 = s3 # Isentropic process\n",
-    "hfp2 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "hfgp2 = 2403.1 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "sgp2 = 8.2287 # Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "vfp2 = 0.001008 # Specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "sfgp2 = 7.6361# Entropy of liquid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "x2s = (s1-sfp2)/(sfgp2)# Steam quality\n",
-    "h2s = hfp2+(x2s*hfgp2) # Enthalpy at state 2s\n",
-    "# Part (a)\n",
-    "P1 = 20 # Turbine inlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "P2 = 0.08 # Turbine exit pressure in bar\n",
-    "h4s = vfp2*(P1-P2)*1e2+h3  # Enthalpy at state 4s\n",
-    "Wp = h4s-h3 # Pump work\n",
-    "Wt = h1-h2s # Turbine work\n",
-    "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work \n",
-    "Q1 = h1-h4s # Heat addition\n",
-    "n_cycle = Wnet/Q1# Cycle efficiency\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.2\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Net work per kg of steam is \",Wnet ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "n_p = 0.8 # pump efficiency\n",
-    "n_t = 0.8# Turbine efficiency\n",
-    "Wp_ = Wp/n_p # Pump work\n",
-    "Wt_ = Wt*n_t # Turbine work\n",
-    "Wnet_ = Wt_-Wp_# Net work\n",
-    "P = 100*((Wnet-Wnet_)/Wnet) # Percentage reduction in net work\n",
-    "n_cycle_ = Wnet_/Q1 # cycle efficiency\n",
-    "P_ = 100*((n_cycle-n_cycle_)/n_cycle) #reduction in cycle\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Percentage reduction in net work per kg of steam is \",P ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Percentage reduction in cycle efficiency is \",P_ ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.3:pg-495"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The greatest allowable steam pressure at the turbine inlet is  16.832  bar\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Rankine cycle efficiency is  31.684100869  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mean temperature of heat addition is  187.657819629  degree celcius\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "P1 = 0.08 # Exhaust pressure in bar\n",
-    "sf = 0.5926 # Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "x2s = 0.85 # Steam quality\n",
-    "sg = 8.2287 # Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s2s = sf+(x2s*(sg-sf)) # Entropy of mixture at state 2s in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s1 = s2s # Isentropic process\n",
-    "P2 = 16.832 # by steam table opposite to s1 in bar\n",
-    "h1 = 3165.54 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2s = 173.88 + (0.85*2403.1) # Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3 = 173.88# Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "vfp2 = 0.001 # specific volume of liquid in m**3/kg\n",
-    "h4s = h3 + (vfp2*(P2-P1)*100)# Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Q1 = h1-h4s # Heat addition\n",
-    "Wt = h1-h2s # Turbine work\n",
-    "Wp = h4s-h3 # Pump work\n",
-    "n_cycle = 100*((Wt-Wp)/Q1) # Cycle efficiency\n",
-    "Tm = (h1-h4s)/(s2s-sf) # Mean temperature of heat addition\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.3\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The greatest allowable steam pressure at the turbine inlet is \",P2 ,\" bar\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Rankine cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mean temperature of heat addition is \",Tm-273 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.4:pg-496"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.4 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Quality at turbine exhaust is  0.88\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cycle efficiency is  43.9043470625  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Steam rate is  2.18181818182  kg/kW h\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h1 = 3465 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "h2s = 3065 #Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kgK \n",
-    "h3 = 3565 #Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "h4s = 2300 # Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "x4s = 0.88 # Steam quality at state 4s\n",
-    "h5 = 191.83# Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "v = 0.001 # specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "P = 150 # Boiler outlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "Wp = v*P*100 # Pump work\n",
-    "h6s = 206.83 # Enthalpy at state 6s in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "Q1 = (h1-h6s)+(h3-h2s) # Heat addition\n",
-    "Wt = (h1-h2s)+(h3-h4s) # Turbine work\n",
-    "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work\n",
-    "n_cycle = 100*Wnet/Q1 # cycle efficiency\n",
-    "sr = 3600/Wnet #Steam rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.4 \\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Quality at turbine exhaust is \",0.88\n",
-    "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Steam rate is \",sr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.5:pg-497"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Efficiency of the cycle is  36.0687573387  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Steam rate of the cycle is  3.85264705574  kg/kW h\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Increase in temperature due to regeneration is  27.3862065182  degree centigrade\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Increase in steam rate due to regeneration is  0.385518227773  kg/kW h\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Increase in Efficiency of the cycle due to regeneration is  1.90293971596  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h1 = 3230.9 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 6.9212 # Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",
-    "s3 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",
-    "h2 = 2796  # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "sf = 0.6493 # ENtropy of fluid onkJ/kgK\n",
-    "sfg = 7.5009 # Entropy change due to vaporization\n",
-    "x3 = (s3-sf)/sfg # steam quality\n",
-    "h3 = 191.83 + x3*2392.8 # Enthalpy at state 3\n",
-    "h4 = 191.83 # Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h5 = h4 # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "h6 = 640.23 # Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h7 = h6 # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "m = (h6-h5)/(h2-h5) # regenerative mass\n",
-    "Wt = (h1-h2)+(1-m)*(h2-h3) # turbine work\n",
-    "Q1 = h1-h6 # Heat addition\n",
-    "n_cycle = 100*Wt/Q1 # Cycle efficiency\n",
-    "sr = 3600/Wt # Steam rate\n",
-    "s7 = 1.8607  # Entropy at state 7 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s4 = 0.6493 # Entropy at state 4 in kJ/kgK \n",
-    "Tm = (h1-h7)/(s1-s7) # Mean temperature of heat addition with regeneration\n",
-    "Tm1 = (h1-h4)/(s1-s4) # Mean temperature of heat addition without regeneration\n",
-    "dT = Tm-Tm1 # Change in temperature\n",
-    "Wt_ = h1-h3 # Turbine work\n",
-    "sr_ = 3600/Wt_ # Steam rate\n",
-    "dsr = sr-sr_# Change in steam rate\n",
-    "n_cycle_ = 100*(h1-h3)/(h1-h4) # Cycle effciency\n",
-    "dn = n_cycle-n_cycle_# Change in efficiency\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.5\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Efficiency of the cycle is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Steam rate of the cycle is \",sr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Increase in temperature due to regeneration is \",dT ,\" degree centigrade\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Increase in steam rate due to regeneration is \",dsr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Increase in Efficiency of the cycle due to regeneration is \",dn ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.6:pg-499"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Steam quality at turbine exhaust is  0.90269510582\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Net work per kg of stem is  798.641701509  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cycle efficiency is  33.3978046046  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Stream rate is  4.50765342356  kg/kW h\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h1 = 3023.5  # Enthalpy of steam at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 6.7664 # Enthalpy of steam at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",
-    "s3 = s1 #Isentropic process\n",
-    "s4 = s1 #Isentropic process\n",
-    "t_sat_20 = 212 # Saturation temperature at 20 bar in degree Celsius\n",
-    "t_sat_1 = 46 # Saturation temperature at 1 bar in degree Celsius\n",
-    "dt = t_sat_20-t_sat_1 # Change in temperature\n",
-    "n =3 # number of heaters\n",
-    "t = dt/n # temperature rise per heater\n",
-    "t1 = t_sat_20-t # Operational temperature of first heater\n",
-    "t2 = t1-t# Operational temperature of second heater\n",
-    "# 0.1 bar\n",
-    "hf = 191.83 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hfg = 2392.8 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "sf = 0.6493# Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "sg = 8.1502# Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "# At 100 degree\n",
-    "hf100 = 419.04 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg  \n",
-    "hfg100 = 2257.0# Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg \n",
-    "sf100 = 1.3069 # Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK \n",
-    "sg100 = 7.3549 # Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "# At 150 degree\n",
-    "hf150 = 632.20 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg  \n",
-    "hfg150 = 2114.3# Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg  \n",
-    "sf150 = 1.8418 # Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK \n",
-    "sg150 = 6.8379# Entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "x2 = (s1-sf150)/4.9961 # Steam quality\n",
-    "h2 = hf150+(x2*hfg150) # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "x3 = (s1-sf100)/6.0480 # Steam quality\n",
-    "h3 = hf100+(x3*hfg100) # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg \n",
-    "x4 = (s1-sf)/7.5010 # Steam quality\n",
-    "h4 = hf+(x4*hfg)#Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h5 = hf # Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h6 = h5 #Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h7 = hf100 # Enthalpy at state 7 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h8 = h7 # Enthalpy at state 8 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h9 = 632.2  # Enthalpy at state 9 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h10 = h9 # Enthalpy at state 10 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "m1 = (h9-h7)/(h2-h7) # regenerative mass \n",
-    "m2 = ((1-m1)*(h7-h6))/(h3-h6) # regenerative mass\n",
-    "Wt = 1*(h1-h2)+(1-m1)*(h2-h3)+(1-m1-m2)*(h3-h4) # Turbine work\n",
-    "Q1 = h1-h9 # Heat addition\n",
-    "Wp = 0  # Pump work is neglected\n",
-    "n_cycle = 100*(Wt-Wp)/Q1 # Cycle efficiency\n",
-    "sr = 3600/(Wt-Wp)  # Steam rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.6\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Steam quality at turbine exhaust is \",x3\n",
-    "print \"\\n Net work per kg of stem is \",Wt ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Stream rate is \",sr ,\" kg/kW h\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.7:pg-501"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The second law efficiency is  47.3045857486  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Ti = 2000.0 # Hot gas inlet temperature in K\n",
-    "Te = 450.0 # Hot gas exhaust temperature in K\n",
-    "T0 = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
-    "Q1_dot = 100.0 # Heating rate provided by steam in kW\n",
-    "cpg = 1.1 # Heat capacity of gas in kJ/kg\n",
-    "wg = Q1_dot/(cpg*(Ti-Te)) # mass flow rate of hot gas\n",
-    "af1 = wg*cpg*T0*((Ti/T0)-1-math.log(Ti/T0)) # Availability at inlet\n",
-    "af2 = wg*cpg*T0*((Te/T0)-1-math.log(Te/T0)) # Availability at exit\n",
-    "afi = af1-af2 # Change in availability\n",
-    "h1 = 2801.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3 = 169.0 #Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4 = 172.8 #Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = 1890.2 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 6.068 # Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s2 = s1 # Isentropic process\n",
-    "s3 = 0.576 # Entropy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s4 = s3 # Isentropic process\n",
-    "Wt = h1-h2 # Turbine work\n",
-    "Wp = h4-h3 # Pump work\n",
-    "Q1 = h1-h4 # Heat addition\n",
-    "Q2 = h2-h3# Heat rejection\n",
-    "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work\n",
-    "ws = Q1_dot/2628 # steam mass flow rate\n",
-    "afu = 38*(h1-h4-T0*(s1-s3)) # availability loss\n",
-    "I_dot = afi-afu # Rate of exergy destruction\n",
-    "Wnet_dot = ws*Wnet# Mechanical power rate\n",
-    "afc = ws*(h2-h3-T0*(s2-s3)) # Exergy flow rate of of wet steam\n",
-    "n2 = 100*Wnet_dot/af1 # second law efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.7\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency is \",n2 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.8:pg-503"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Part (a)\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The first law efficiency n1 is  36.4738076622\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The second law efficiency n2 is  42.9755948516\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The work ratio is  0.991498405951\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Part (b)\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The first law efficiency n1 is  39.3996247655\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The second law efficiency n2 is  66.4411884747\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The work ration is  0.993690851735\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Part (c)\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The first law efficiency n1 is  40.5460576678\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The second law efficiency n2 is  68.3744648698\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The work ration is  0.994990607389\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Part (d)\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The first law efficiency n1 is  43.8732394366\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The second law efficiency n2 is  32.4128919233\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The work ration is  0.991498405951\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Part (a)\n",
-    "h1 = 2758.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = 1817.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3 = 192.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4 = 200.0# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Wt = h1-h2 # turbine work\n",
-    "Wp = h4-h3 # Pump work\n",
-    "Q1 = h1-h4 # Heat addition\n",
-    "Wnet = Wt-Wp # Net work doen\n",
-    "n1 = Wnet/Q1 # First law efficiency\n",
-    "WR = Wnet/Wt # Work ratio\n",
-    "Q1_ = 100.0 # Heat addition rate in MW\n",
-    "PO = n1*Q1_ # power output\n",
-    "cpg = 1000 # Specific heat capacity in J/kg\n",
-    "wg = (Q1_/(833-450)) # mass flow rate of gas\n",
-    "EIR = wg*cpg*((833-300)-300*(math.log(833/300)))/1000 # Exergy input\n",
-    "n2 = PO/EIR # Second law efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.8\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Part (a)\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1*100\n",
-    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2*100\n",
-    "print \"\\n The work ratio is \",WR\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "h1b = 3398.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2b = 2130.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3b = 192.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4b = 200.0# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Wtb = 1268.0 # turbine work in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Wpb = 8.0  # Pump work in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Q1b = 3198.0# Heat addition rate in kW\n",
-    "n1b = (Wtb-Wpb)/Q1b #first law efficiency\n",
-    "WRb = (Wtb-Wpb)/Wtb # WOrk ratio\n",
-    "EIRb = 59.3 # Exergy input rate in MW\n",
-    "Wnetb = Q1_*n1b # net work done\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n2b = Wnetb/EIRb # Second law efficiency\n",
-    "print \"\\n Part (b)\" \n",
-    "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1b*100\n",
-    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2b*100\n",
-    "print \"\\n The work ration is \",WRb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (c)\n",
-    "h1c = 3398.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2c = 2761.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3c = 3482.0# Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4c = 2522.0 # Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h5c = 192.0 # Enthalpy at state 5 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h6c = 200.0# Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Wt1 = 637.0 # Turbine work in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Wt2 = 960.0 # Turbine work in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Wtc = Wt1+Wt2  # Net turbine work in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Wp = 8.0 # Pump work in kJ/kg \n",
-    "Wnetc = Wtc-Wp # net work done \n",
-    "Q1c = 3198+721 # Heat addition\n",
-    "n1c = Wnetc/Q1c# First law efficiency\n",
-    "WRc = Wnetc/Wtc# Work ratio\n",
-    "POc = Q1_*n1c# Power output\n",
-    "EIRc = 59.3# Exergy input in MW\n",
-    "n2c = POc/EIRc # Second law efficiency\n",
-    "print \"\\n Part (c)\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1c*100\n",
-    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2c*100\n",
-    "print \"\\n The work ration is \",WRc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (d)\n",
-    "T3 = 45.8 # saturation temperature at 0.1 bar in degree celsius \n",
-    "T1 = 295.0 # saturation temperature at 80 bar in degree celsius \n",
-    "n1d = 1.0-((T3+273)/(T1+273)) # First law efficiency\n",
-    "Q1d = 2758-1316 # Heat addition\n",
-    "Wnet = Q1d*n1d # Net work output\n",
-    "Wpd = 8.0 # Pump work in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Wtd = 641.0# Turbine work in kJ/kg\n",
-    "WRd = (Wt-Wp)/Wt # Work ratio\n",
-    "POd = Q1_*0.439# Power output\n",
-    "EIRd = (Q1_/(833-593))*cpg*((833-300)-300*(math.log(833/300)))/1000 #Exergy Input rate in MW\n",
-    "n2d = POd/EIRd # Second law efficiency\n",
-    "print \"\\n Part (d)\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The first law efficiency n1 is \",n1d*100\n",
-    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency n2 is \",n2d*100\n",
-    "print \"\\n The work ration is \",WRd\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.9:pg-505"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Temperature of the steam is  360.0  degree celcius\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Pressure of the steam is  22.5  bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "hfg = 2202.6 # Latent heat of fusion in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Qh = 5.83 # Heat addition in MJ/s\n",
-    "ws = Qh/hfg # steam flow rate\n",
-    "eg = 0.9 # efficiency of generator\n",
-    "P = 1000.0 # Power generation rate in kW\n",
-    "Wnet = 1000.0/eg # Net output\n",
-    "nbrake = 0.8 # brake thermal efficiency\n",
-    "h1_2s = Wnet/(ws*nbrake) # Ideal heat addition\n",
-    "n_internal = 0.85 # internal efficiency\n",
-    "h12 = n_internal*h1_2s # Actual heat addition\n",
-    "hg = 2706.3 # Enthalpy of gas in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = hg #Isenthalpic process \n",
-    "h1 = h12+h2 # Total enthalpy \n",
-    "h2s = h1-h1_2s # Enthalpy change\n",
-    "hf = 503.71 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg \n",
-    "x2s = (h2s-hf)/hfg # Quality of steam\n",
-    "sf = 1.5276  # entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "sfg = 5.6020 # Entropy change due to vaporization in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s2s = sf+(x2s*sfg) # Entropy at state 2s\n",
-    "s1 = s2s # Isentropic process\n",
-    "P1 = 22.5 # Turbine inlet pressure in bar from Mollier chart\n",
-    "t1 = 360.0 # Temperature of the steam in degree Celsius from Mollier chart\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.9\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Temperature of the steam is \",t1 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Pressure of the steam is \",P1 ,\" bar\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.10:pg-506"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Fuel burning rate is  18.1592477786  tonnes/day\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h1 = 3037.3 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "x = 0.96 # Steam quality\n",
-    "h2 = 561+(x*2163.8) # Enthalpy at state 2 \n",
-    "s2 = 1.6718+(x*5.3201)# Entropy at state 2 \n",
-    "s3s = s2 # Isentropic process\n",
-    "x3s = (s3s-0.6493)/7.5009 # Quality at state 3s \n",
-    "h3s = 191.83+(x3s*2392.8) # Enthalpy at state 3s \n",
-    "h23 = 0.8*(h2-h3s) # Enthalpy change in process 23\n",
-    "h3 = h2-h23 # Enthalpy at state 3\n",
-    "h5 = 561.47  # Enthalpy at state 5\n",
-    "h4 = 191.83# Enthalpy at state 4\n",
-    "Qh = 3500 # Heat addition in kJ/s\n",
-    "w = Qh/(h2-h5) # mass flow rate\n",
-    "Wt = 1500 # Turbine work\n",
-    "ws = (Wt+w*(h2-h3))/(h1-h3) # Steam flow rate \n",
-    "ws_ = 3600*ws  # Steam flow rate  in kg/h\n",
-    "h6 = ((ws-w)*h4+w*h5)/ws  #Enthalpy at state 6\n",
-    "h7 = h6# Enthalpy at state 7\n",
-    "n_boiler = 0.85 # Boiler efficiency\n",
-    "CV = 44000 # Calorific value of fuel in kJ/kg\n",
-    "wf = (1.1*ws_*(h1-h7))/(n_boiler*CV) # Fuel consumption rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.10\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Fuel burning rate is \",wf*24/1000 ,\" tonnes/day\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.11:pg-508"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.11\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The minimum pressure at which bleeding is neccessary is  10  bar\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Steam flow at turbine inlet is  0.206237542099  kg/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cycle efficiency is  35.9203808526  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h1 = 3285.0  # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2s = 3010.0 # Enthalpy at state 2s in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3 = 3280.0 # # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4s = 3030.0 # # Enthalpy at state 4s in kJ/kg\n",
-    "# Saturation pressure at temperature 180 degree centigrade\n",
-    "psat = 10 # In bar\n",
-    "h4 = h3-0.83*(h3-h4s) # # Enthalpy at state 4 \n",
-    "h5s = 2225.0 # # Enthalpy at state 5s in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h5 = h4-0.83*(h4-h5s) # # Enthalpy at state 5\n",
-    "h6 = 162.7 # Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h7 = h6 # # Enthalpy at state 7 \n",
-    "h8 = 762.81# Enthalpy at state 8 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = h1-0.785*(h1-h2s) #Enthalpy at state 2 \n",
-    "m = (h8-h7)/(h4-h7) # regenerative mass flow\n",
-    "n_cycle = ((h1-h2)+(h3-h4)+(1-m)*(h4-h5))/((h1-h8)+(h3-h2)) # Cycle efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.11\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The minimum pressure at which bleeding is neccessary is \",psat ,\" bar\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Steam flow at turbine inlet is \",m ,\" kg/s\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "# Part A and Part B are theoretical problems\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.12:pg-510"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 12.12 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Overall efficiency of the cycle is  52.7981817715  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Flow through the mercury turbine is math.exp kg/h 593428.190307\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Useful work done in binary vapor cycle is  28.3728027889  MW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Overall efficiency is  46.1693685319  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# From table \n",
-    "h1 = 2792.2 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg \n",
-    "h4 = 122.96# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg \n",
-    "hb = 254.88 # Enthalpy at state b in kJ/kg \n",
-    "hc = 29.98# Enthalpy at state c in kJ/kg \n",
-    "ha = 355.98 # Enthalpy at state a in kJ/kg \n",
-    "hd = hc # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "h2 = 1949.27 # # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg \n",
-    "#\n",
-    "m = (h1-h4)/(hb-hc) # Amount of mercury circulating\n",
-    "Q1t = m*(ha-hd) # Heat addition\n",
-    "W1t = m*(ha-hb) + (h1-h2) # Turbine work\n",
-    "n = W1t/Q1t # first law efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 12.12 \\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Overall efficiency of the cycle is \",n*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S = 50000 # Stem flow rate through turbine in kg/h\n",
-    "wm = S*m # mercury flow rate\n",
-    "print \"\\n Flow through the mercury turbine is math.exp kg/h\",wm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt = W1t*S/3600 # Turbine work\n",
-    "print \"\\n Useful work done in binary vapor cycle is \",Wt/1e3 ,\" MW\"\n",
-    "nm = 0.85 # Internal efficiency of mercury turbine\n",
-    "ns = 0.87 # Internal efficiency of steam turbine\n",
-    "WTm = nm*(ha-hb) # turbine work of mercury based cycle\n",
-    "hb_ = ha-WTm # Enthalpy at state b in kJ/kg\n",
-    "m_ = (h1-h4)/(hb_-hc) # mass flow rate of mercury\n",
-    "h1_ = 3037.3 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Q1t = m_*(ha-hd)+(h1_-h1) # Heat addition\n",
-    "x2_ = (6.9160-0.4226)/(8.47-0.4226) # steam quality\n",
-    "h2_ = 121+(0.806*2432.9) # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg \n",
-    "WTst = ns*(h1_-h2_) # Turbine work\n",
-    "WTt = m_*(ha-hb_)+WTst  # Total turbine work\n",
-    "N = WTt/Q1t #Overall efficiency \n",
-    "print \"\\n Overall efficiency is \",N*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "# The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter13.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter13.ipynb
index 3ff72a8c..7d2de00a 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter13.ipynb
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "T1 = 35 # Air inlet temperature in degree Celsius\n",
     "P1 = 0.1 # Air inlet pressure in MPa\n",
     "Q1 = 2100 # Heat supply in kJ/kg\n",
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "rk = 14.0 # Compression ratio\n",
     "k = 6.0 # cutoff percentage ratio\n",
     "rc = k/100*(rk-1)+1\n",
@@ -136,6 +137,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "rk = 16 # Compression ratio\n",
     "T1 = 15 # Air inlet temperature in degree Celsius\n",
     "P1 = 0.1 # Air inlet pressure in MPa\n",
@@ -192,6 +194,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "T1 = 50.0 # Temperature before compression stroke in degree Celsius\n",
     "rk = 16.0 # Compression ratio\n",
     "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
@@ -251,6 +254,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "P1 = 0.1 # Air pressure at turbine inlet in MPa\n",
     "T1 = 30 # Air temperature at turbine inlet in degree Celsius\n",
     "T3 = 900 # Maximum cycle temperature at turbine inlet in degree Celsius\n",
@@ -289,7 +293,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -311,12 +315,12 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "cp = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity\n",
     "Tmax = 1073.0 # Maximum cycle temperature in K\n",
     "Tmin = 300.0# Minimum cycle temperature in K\n",
-    "Wnet_max = cp*(sqrt(Tmax)-sqrt(Tmin))**2 # maximum work\n",
-    "n_cycle = 1.0-sqrt(Tmin/Tmax) # cycle efficiency\n",
+    "Wnet_max = cp*(math.sqrt(Tmax)-math.sqrt(Tmin))**2 # maximum work\n",
+    "n_cycle = 1.0-math.sqrt(Tmin/Tmax) # cycle efficiency\n",
     "n_carnot = 1.0-(Tmin/Tmax) # Carnot efficiency\n",
     "r = n_cycle/n_carnot # Efficiency ratio\n",
     "print \"\\n Example 13.6\\n\"\n",
@@ -336,7 +340,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -360,7 +364,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "rp = 6 # pressure ratio\n",
     "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
     "cv = 0.718 # Constant volume heat capacity\n",
@@ -378,7 +382,7 @@
     "Q1 = 100 # Heat addition in MW\n",
     "PO = n_cycle*Q1 # Power output\n",
     "m_dot = (Q1*1e06)/(cp*(T3-T2)) # Mass flow rate\n",
-    "R = m_dot*cp*T0*((T4/T0)-1-log(T4/T0)) # Exergy flow rate\n",
+    "R = m_dot*cp*T0*((T4/T0)-1-math.log(T4/T0)) # Exergy flow rate\n",
     "print \"\\n Example 13.7\\n\"\n",
     "print \"\\n The thermal efficiency of the cycle is \",n_cycle*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
     "print \"\\n Work ratio is \",WR\n",
@@ -396,7 +400,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -414,6 +418,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "nc = 0.87 # Compressor efficiency \n",
     "nt = 0.9 # Turbine efficiency\n",
     "T1 = 311 # Compressor inlet temperature in K\n",
@@ -451,7 +456,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -469,7 +474,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Given that\n",
     "nc = 0.85 # Compressor efficiency\n",
     "nt = 0.9 # Turbine efficiency\n",
@@ -492,7 +497,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -513,6 +518,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Given that\n",
     "v = 300.0 # Aircraft velocity in m/s\n",
     "p1 = 0.35 # Pressure in bar\n",
@@ -542,6 +548,73 @@
     "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
     "\n"
    ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.11:pg-567"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 13.11 \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Air fuel ratio is  39.6515678976\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Overall efficiency of combined plant is  53.5993550102  percent \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "Ta = 15 # Atmospheric temperature in degree Celsius \n",
+    "rp = 8 # pressure ratio\n",
+    "g = 1.33 # heat capacity ratio for gas\n",
+    "g1 = 1.40 # heat capacity ratio for air\n",
+    "cv = 0.718 # Constant volume heat capacity\n",
+    "cpa = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity for air\n",
+    "cpg = 1.11 # Constant pressure heat capacity for gas\n",
+    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
+    "Tb = (Ta+273)*(rp)**((g1-1)/g1) # Temperature after compression\n",
+    "Tc = 800  # Temperature after heat addition in degree Celsius\n",
+    "Td = (Tc+273)/((rp)**((g-1)/g)) # Temperature after expansion\n",
+    "Wgt = cpg*(Tc+273-Td)-cpa*(Tb-Ta-273)\n",
+    "Q1 = cpg*(Tc+273-Tb)\n",
+    "Q1_ = cpg*(Tc+273-Td)\n",
+    "h1 = 3775  # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = 2183 # Enthalpy at state2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3 = 138 # Enthalpy at state3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "Q1_st = h1-h3 # Total heat addition\n",
+    "Q_fe = cpg*(Tc-100) # Heat transfer by steam\n",
+    "was = Q1_st/Q_fe # air steam mass ratio\n",
+    "Wst = h1-h2# work done by steam turbine\n",
+    "PO = 190e03 # Power output in kW\n",
+    "ws = PO/(was*Wgt+Wst)# steam flow rate\n",
+    "wa = was*ws # Air flow rate\n",
+    "CV = 43300 # Calorific volume of fuel in kJ/kg\n",
+    "waf = CV/(Q1+Q1_) # Air fuel ratio\n",
+    "FEI = (wa/waf)*CV # Fuel energy input\n",
+    "noA = PO/FEI # combined cycle efficiency\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 13.11 \\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Air fuel ratio is \",waf\n",
+    "print \"\\n Overall efficiency of combined plant is \",noA*100,\" percent \"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter13_ZusP0LZ.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter13_ZusP0LZ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7d2de00a..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter13_ZusP0LZ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,641 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 13: Gas power cycle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.1:pg-554"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 13.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cycle efficiency is  56.4724718352  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Maximum temperature in the cycle is  3632.38927303  K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Maximum pressure in the cycle is  9.43477733254  MPa\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mean effective pressure is  1.53325865881  MPa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T1 = 35 # Air inlet temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "P1 = 0.1 # Air inlet pressure in MPa\n",
-    "Q1 = 2100 # Heat supply in kJ/kg\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # gas constant\n",
-    "rk = 8 # Compression ratio\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "n_cycle = 1-(1/rk**(g-1)) # cycle efficiency \n",
-    "v1 = (R*(T1+273))/(P1*1e3) # Initial volume\n",
-    "v2 = v1/8 # Volume after compression\n",
-    "T2 = (T1+273)*(v1/v2)**(g-1) # Temperature after compression\n",
-    "cv = 0.718 # Constant volume heat capacity in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T3 = Q1/cv + T2 # Temperature at after heat addition\n",
-    "P21 = (v1/v2)**g # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "P2 = P21*P1 # Pressure after compression\n",
-    "P3 = P2*(T3/T2) # Pressure after heat addition\n",
-    "Wnet = Q1*n_cycle # Net work output\n",
-    "Pm = Wnet/(v1-v2) # Mean pressure\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 13.1\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Maximum temperature in the cycle is \",T3 ,\" K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Maximum pressure in the cycle is \",P3 ,\" MPa\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mean effective pressure is \",Pm/1e3 ,\" MPa\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.2:pg-555"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 13.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Air standard efficiency is  59.8676909231  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "rk = 14.0 # Compression ratio\n",
-    "k = 6.0 # cutoff percentage ratio\n",
-    "rc = k/100*(rk-1)+1\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "n_diesel = 1.0-((1.0/g))*(1.0/rk**(g-1))*((rc**(g-1))/(rc-1)) # Cycle efficiency\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 13.2\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Air standard efficiency is \",n_diesel*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.3:pg-556"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 13.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cut-off ratio is  2.00789702047\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat supplied per kg of air is  884.346993978  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cycle efficiency is  61.3340410825  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mean effective pressure is  699.968703831  kPa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "rk = 16 # Compression ratio\n",
-    "T1 = 15 # Air inlet temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "P1 = 0.1 # Air inlet pressure in MPa\n",
-    "T3 = 1480 # Highest temperature in cycle in degree Celsius\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "T2 = (T1+273)*(rk**(g-1)) # Temperature after compression\n",
-    "rc =  (T3+273)/T2 # cut off ratio\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat constant\n",
-    "cv = 0.718 # Constant volume heat constant\n",
-    "Q1 = cp*(T3+273-T2) # Heat addition\n",
-    "T4 = (T3+273)*((rc/rk)**(g-1)) # Temperature after heat addition\n",
-    "Q2 = cv*(T4-T1-273) # Heat rejection\n",
-    "n = 1-(Q2/Q1) # cycle efficiency\n",
-    "n_ = 1-((1/g))*(1/rk**(g-1))*((rc**(g-1))/(rc-1)) # cycle efficiency from another formula\n",
-    "Wnet = Q1*n # Net work \n",
-    "v1 = (R*(T1+273))/(P1*1e3) # Volume before compression\n",
-    "v2 = v1/rk # Volume after compression\n",
-    "Pm = Wnet/(v1-v2) # Mean pressure\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 13.3\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Cut-off ratio is \",rc\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat supplied per kg of air is \",Q1 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mean effective pressure is \",Pm ,\" kPa\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.4:pg-558"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 13.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Efficiency of the cycle is  66.3143793932  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mean effective pressure is  4.45799460092  bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T1 = 50.0 # Temperature before compression stroke in degree Celsius\n",
-    "rk = 16.0 # Compression ratio\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "P3 = 70.0 # Maximum cycle pressure in bar\n",
-    "cv = 0.718 # Constant volume heat addition capacity\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat addition capacity\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "T2 = (T1+273)*((rk**(g-1))) #Temperature after compression stroke \n",
-    "P1 = 1.0 # Pressure before compression in bar\n",
-    "P2 = P1*(rk)**g # Pressure after compression\n",
-    "T3 = T2*(P3/P2) # Temperature after constant volume heat addition\n",
-    "Q23 = cv*(T3-T2) # Constant volume heat added\n",
-    "T4 = (Q23/cp)+T3 # Temperature after constant pressure heat addition\n",
-    "v43 = T4/T3 # cut off ratio \n",
-    "v54 = rk/v43 # Expansion ratio\n",
-    "T5 = T4*(1/v54)**(g-1) # Temperature after expansion\n",
-    "P5 = P1*(T5/(T1+273)) # Pressure after expansion\n",
-    "Q1 = cv*(T3-T2)+cp*(T4-T3) # Total heat added\n",
-    "Q2 = cv*(T5-T1-273) # Heat rejected\n",
-    "n_cycle = 1-(Q2/Q1) # Cycle efficiency\n",
-    "v1 = (R*(T1+273))/(P1*1e2) # Volume before compression \n",
-    "v2 = (1/16)*v1 # Swept volume\n",
-    "Wnet = Q1*n_cycle # Net work done\n",
-    "Pm = Wnet/(v1-v2) # Mean pressure\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 13.4\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Efficiency of the cycle is \",n_cycle*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mean effective pressure is \",Pm/100 ,\" bar\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.5:pg-559"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 13.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The percentage increase in cycle efficiency \n",
-      " due to regeneration is  41.4076056717  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "P1 = 0.1 # Air pressure at turbine inlet in MPa\n",
-    "T1 = 30 # Air temperature at turbine inlet in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T3 = 900 # Maximum cycle temperature at turbine inlet in degree Celsius\n",
-    "rp = 6 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "nt = 0.8 # Turbine efficiency\n",
-    "nc = 0.8# Compressor efficiency\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "cv = 0.718 # Constant volume heat capacity\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "T2s = (T1+273)*(rp)**((g-1)/g)\n",
-    "T4s = (T3+273)/((rp)**((g-1)/g))\n",
-    "T21 = (T2s-T1-273)/nc  # Temperature raise due to compression\n",
-    "T34 = nt*(T3+273-T4s) # Temperature drop due to expansion\n",
-    "Wt = cp*T34 # Turbine work\n",
-    "Wc = cp*T21 # Compressor work\n",
-    "T2 = T21+T1+273 # Temperature after compression\n",
-    "Q1 = cp*(T3+273-T2) # Heat added\n",
-    "n = (Wt-Wc)/Q1 # First law efficiency\n",
-    "T4 = T3+273-T34 # Temperature after expansion\n",
-    "T6 = 0.75*(T4-T2) + T2 # Regeneration temperature \n",
-    "Q1_ = cp*(T3+273-T6)# Heat added\n",
-    "n_ = (Wt-Wc)/Q1_ #cycle efficiency\n",
-    "I = (n_-n)/n # Fractional increase in cycle efficiency\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 13.5\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The percentage increase in cycle efficiency \\n due to regeneration is \",I*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.6:pg-560"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 13.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Maximum work done per kg of air is  239.466740619  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cycle efficiency is  47.1237354986  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Ratio of Brayton and Carnot efficiency is  0.654123779948\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity\n",
-    "Tmax = 1073.0 # Maximum cycle temperature in K\n",
-    "Tmin = 300.0# Minimum cycle temperature in K\n",
-    "Wnet_max = cp*(math.sqrt(Tmax)-math.sqrt(Tmin))**2 # maximum work\n",
-    "n_cycle = 1.0-math.sqrt(Tmin/Tmax) # cycle efficiency\n",
-    "n_carnot = 1.0-(Tmin/Tmax) # Carnot efficiency\n",
-    "r = n_cycle/n_carnot # Efficiency ratio\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 13.6\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Maximum work done per kg of air is \",Wnet_max ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Cycle efficiency is \",n_cycle*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Ratio of Brayton and Carnot efficiency is \",r\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.7:pg-561"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 13.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The thermal efficiency of the cycle is  40.0663025288  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Work ratio is  0.544951697902\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power output is  40.0663025288  MW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Energy flow rate of the exhaust gas stream is  20.5297861501  MW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "rp = 6 # pressure ratio\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "cv = 0.718 # Constant volume heat capacity\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 #Constant pressure heat capacity\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "T1 = 300 # Minimum temperature in K\n",
-    "T3 = 1100 # Maximum cycle temperature in K\n",
-    "T0 = 300 # Atmospheric temperature in K\n",
-    "n_cycle = 1-(1/rp**((g-1)/g)) # cycle efficiency\n",
-    "T2 = (T1)*(rp**((g-1)/g)) # Temperature after compression\n",
-    "T4 = (T3)/(rp**((g-1)/g)) # Temperature after expansion\n",
-    "Wc = cp*(T2-T1) # Compressor work\n",
-    "Wt = cp*(T3-T4) # Turbine work\n",
-    "WR = (Wt-Wc)/Wt # Work ratio\n",
-    "Q1 = 100 # Heat addition in MW\n",
-    "PO = n_cycle*Q1 # Power output\n",
-    "m_dot = (Q1*1e06)/(cp*(T3-T2)) # Mass flow rate\n",
-    "R = m_dot*cp*T0*((T4/T0)-1-math.log(T4/T0)) # Exergy flow rate\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 13.7\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The thermal efficiency of the cycle is \",n_cycle*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Work ratio is \",WR\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power output is \",PO ,\" MW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Energy flow rate of the exhaust gas stream is \",R/1e6 ,\" MW\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.8:pg-562"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 13.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Percentage of air that may be taken from the compressor is  11.5044247788  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "nc = 0.87 # Compressor efficiency \n",
-    "nt = 0.9 # Turbine efficiency\n",
-    "T1 = 311 # Compressor inlet temperature in K\n",
-    "rp = 8 # compressor pressure ratio\n",
-    "P1 = 1 # Initial pressure in atm\n",
-    "T3 = 1367 # Turbine inlet temperature\n",
-    "P2 = P1*rp # Final pressure \n",
-    "P3 = 0.95*P2 # Actual pressure after compression\n",
-    "P4 = 1 # Atmospheric pressure\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "cv = 0.718 # Constant volume heat capacity\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "# With no cooling\n",
-    "T2s = T1*((P2/P1)**((g-1)/g)) # Ideal temperature after compression\n",
-    "T2 = T1 + (T2s-T1)/0.87 # Actual temperature after compression\n",
-    "T4s = T3*(P4/P3)**((g-1)/g) # Ideal temperature after expansion\n",
-    "n = (((T3-T4s)*nt)-((T2s-T1)/nc))/(T3-T2) # cycle efficiency\n",
-    "# With cooling\n",
-    "n_cycle = n-0.05\n",
-    "x = 0.13 # Fluid quality\n",
-    "r = x/(x+1) # \n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 13.8\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Percentage of air that may be taken from the compressor is \",r*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.9:pg-563"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 13.9 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Optimum specific output is  1.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Given that\n",
-    "nc = 0.85 # Compressor efficiency\n",
-    "nt = 0.9 # Turbine efficiency\n",
-    "r = 3.5 # Ratio of max and min temperature \n",
-    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities for air\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 13.9 \\n\"\n",
-    "x = (gama-1)/gama\n",
-    "r_opt = ((nc*nt*r)**(2/3))**(1/x)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Optimum specific output is \",r_opt\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.10:pg-566"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 13.10 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The temperature of the gases at the turbine exit is  1114.47439653  K,\n",
-      " The pressure of the gases at the turbine exit is  311.998817219  kN/m**2,\n",
-      " The velocity of gases at the nozzle exit is  1.0  m/sec,\n",
-      " The propulsive efficiency of the cycle is  -10.6673736259  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Given that\n",
-    "v = 300.0 # Aircraft velocity in m/s\n",
-    "p1 = 0.35 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = -40.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "rp = 10.0 # The pressure ratio of compressor \n",
-    "t4 = 1100.0 # Temperature of gases at turbine intlet in degree centigrade\n",
-    "ma = 50.0 # Mass flow rate of air at the inlet of compressor in kg/s\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air at constant pressure in kJ/kg-K\n",
-    "gama=1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities for air\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 13.10 \\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1+273\n",
-    "T4 = t4+273\n",
-    "T2 = T1 + (v**2)/(2*cp)*(10**-3)\n",
-    "p2 = p1*(100)*((T2/T1)**(gama/(gama-1)))\n",
-    "p3 = rp*p2\n",
-    "p4 =p3\n",
-    "T3 = T2*((p3/p2)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "T5 = T4-T3+T2\n",
-    "p5 = ((T5/T4)**(gama/(gama-1)))*(p4)\n",
-    "p6 = p1*100\n",
-    "T6 = T5*((p6/p5)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "V6 = (2*cp*(T5-T6)*1000)**(1/2)\n",
-    "Wp = ma*(V6-v)*v*(10**-6)\n",
-    "Q1 = ma*cp*(T4-T3)*(10**-3)\n",
-    "np = Wp/Q1\n",
-    "print \"\\n The temperature of the gases at the turbine exit is \",T5 ,\" K,\\n The pressure of the gases at the turbine exit is \",p5 ,\" kN/m**2,\\n The velocity of gases at the nozzle exit is \",V6 ,\" m/sec,\\n The propulsive efficiency of the cycle is \",np*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.11:pg-567"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 13.11 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Air fuel ratio is  39.6515678976\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Overall efficiency of combined plant is  53.5993550102  percent \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Ta = 15 # Atmospheric temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "rp = 8 # pressure ratio\n",
-    "g = 1.33 # heat capacity ratio for gas\n",
-    "g1 = 1.40 # heat capacity ratio for air\n",
-    "cv = 0.718 # Constant volume heat capacity\n",
-    "cpa = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity for air\n",
-    "cpg = 1.11 # Constant pressure heat capacity for gas\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "Tb = (Ta+273)*(rp)**((g1-1)/g1) # Temperature after compression\n",
-    "Tc = 800  # Temperature after heat addition in degree Celsius\n",
-    "Td = (Tc+273)/((rp)**((g-1)/g)) # Temperature after expansion\n",
-    "Wgt = cpg*(Tc+273-Td)-cpa*(Tb-Ta-273)\n",
-    "Q1 = cpg*(Tc+273-Tb)\n",
-    "Q1_ = cpg*(Tc+273-Td)\n",
-    "h1 = 3775  # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = 2183 # Enthalpy at state2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3 = 138 # Enthalpy at state3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "Q1_st = h1-h3 # Total heat addition\n",
-    "Q_fe = cpg*(Tc-100) # Heat transfer by steam\n",
-    "was = Q1_st/Q_fe # air steam mass ratio\n",
-    "Wst = h1-h2# work done by steam turbine\n",
-    "PO = 190e03 # Power output in kW\n",
-    "ws = PO/(was*Wgt+Wst)# steam flow rate\n",
-    "wa = was*ws # Air flow rate\n",
-    "CV = 43300 # Calorific volume of fuel in kJ/kg\n",
-    "waf = CV/(Q1+Q1_) # Air fuel ratio\n",
-    "FEI = (wa/waf)*CV # Fuel energy input\n",
-    "noA = PO/FEI # combined cycle efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 13.11 \\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Air fuel ratio is \",waf\n",
-    "print \"\\n Overall efficiency of combined plant is \",noA*100,\" percent \"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter14.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter14.ipynb
index 5a2f6b45..eab55652 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter14.ipynb
@@ -1,729 +1,735 @@
-{


- "metadata": {


-  "name": "",


-  "signature": "sha256:b2f54f310fd29f155b5ab8bf6130bc373840081bfb6b07a6cc4e8d0ed69571ef"


- },


- "nbformat": 3,


- "nbformat_minor": 0,


- "worksheets": [


-  {


-   "cells": [


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 1,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Chapter 14: Refrigeration cycle"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex14.1:pg-602"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "T2 = -5.0 # Cold storage temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "T1 = 35.0 # Surrounding temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "COP = (T2+273)/((T1+273)-(T2+273))\n",


-      "ACOP = COP/3 # Actual COP\n",


-      "Q2 = 29.0 # Heat leakage in kW\n",


-      "W = Q2/ACOP\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.1\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power required to drive the plane is \",W ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.1\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power required to drive the plane is  12.9850746269  kW\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 1


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex14.2:pg-603"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# At P = 0.14 MPa\n",


-      "h1 = 236.04 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "s1 = 0.9322 # Entropy at state 2 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s2 = s1 # Isenthalpic process\n",


-      "# At P = 0.8 MPa\n",


-      "h2 = 272.05 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h3 = 93.42 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h4 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",


-      "m = 0.06 # mass flow rate in kg/s\n",


-      "Q2 = m*(h1-h4) # Heat absorption\n",


-      "Wc = m*(h2-h1) # Compressor work\n",


-      "Q1 = m*(h2-h4) # Heat rejection in evaporator\n",


-      "COP = Q2/Wc # coefficient of performance\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.2\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n The rate of heat removal is \",Q2 ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power input to the compressor is \",Wc ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n The heat rejection rate in the condenser is \",Q1 ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n COP is \",COP ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.2\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The rate of heat removal is  8.5572  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power input to the compressor is  2.1606  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The heat rejection rate in the condenser is  10.7178  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " COP is  3.9605665093  kW\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 2


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex14.3:pg-604"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "h1 = 183.19 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2 = 209.41 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h3 = 74.59 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h4 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",


-      "T1 = 40.0 # Evaporator temperature in degree Celsius \n",


-      "T2 = -10.0 # Condenser temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "W = 5.0 # Plant capacity in tonnes of refrigeration\n",


-      "w = (W*14000/3600)/(h1-h4) # Refrigerant flow rate\n",


-      "v1 = 0.077 # Specific volume of vapor in m**3/kg\n",


-      "VFR = w*v1 # volume flow rate\n",


-      "T = 48.0 # Compressor discharge temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "P2 = 9.6066 # Pressure after compression\n",


-      "P1 = 2.1912 # Pressure before compression\n",


-      "rp = P2/P1 # Pressure ratio\n",


-      "Q1 = w*(h2-h3) # Heat rejected in condenser\n",


-      "hf = 26.87 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",


-      "hfg = 156.31# Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",


-      "x4 = (h4-hf)/hfg # quality of refrigerant\n",


-      "COP_v = (h1-h4)/(h2-h1) # Actual coefficient of performance of cycle\n",


-      "PI = w*(h2-h1) # Power input\n",


-      "COP = (T2+273)/((T1+273)-(T2+273)) # Ideal coefficient of performance\n",


-      "r = COP_v/COP\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.3\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Refrigerant flow rate is \",w ,\" kg/s\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Volume flow rate is \",VFR ,\" m**3/s\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Compressor discharge temperature is \",T ,\" degree Celsius \"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Pressure ratio is \",rp\n",


-      "print \"\\n Heat rejected to the condenser is \",Q1 ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Flash gas percentage is \",x4*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n COP is \",COP_v ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressor is \",PI ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Ratio of COP of cycle with  Carnot refrigerator is \",r\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.3\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Refrigerant flow rate is  0.179046449765  kg/s\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Volume flow rate is  0.0137865766319  m**3/s\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Compressor discharge temperature is  48.0  degree Celsius \n",


-        "\n",


-        " Pressure ratio is  4.38417305586\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Heat rejected to the condenser is  24.1390423573  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Flash gas percentage is  30.5290768345  percent\n",


-        "\n",


-        " COP is  4.14187643021  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power required to drive the compressor is  4.69459791283  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Ratio of COP of cycle with  Carnot refrigerator is  0.787428979127\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 4


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex14.4:pg-605"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "h3 = 882 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2 = 1034 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h6 = 998 # Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h1 = 1008 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "v1 = 0.084 # Specific volume at state 1 in m**3/kg\n",


-      "t4 = 25 # Temperature at state 4 in degree Celsius\n",


-      "m = 10 # mass flow rate in kg/s\n",


-      "h4 = h3-h1+h6 \n",


-      "h5 = h4 # isenthalpic process\n",


-      "w = (m*14000)/((h6-h5)*3600) # in kg/s\n",


-      "VFR = w*3600*v1 # Volume flow rate in m**3/h\n",


-      "ve = 0.8 # volumetric efficiency\n",


-      "CD = VFR/(ve*60) # Compressor displacement in m**3/min\n",


-      "N = 900 # Number of strokes per minute\n",


-      "n = 2 # number of cylinder\n",


-      "\n",


-      "D = ((CD*4)/(math.pi*1.1*N*n))**(1/3) # L = 1.1D L = length D = diameter\n",


-      "L = 1.1*D\n",


-      "COP = (h6-h5)/(h2-h1) # coefficient of performance\n",


-      "PI = w*(h2-h1) # Power input\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.4\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Refrigeration effect is \",h6-h5 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Refrigerant flow rate is \",w ,\" kg/s\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Diameter of cylinder is \",D*100 ,\" cm\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Length of cylinder is \",L*100 ,\" cm\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressor is \",PI ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.4\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Refrigeration effect is  126  kJ/kg\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Refrigerant flow rate is  0  kg/s\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Diameter of cylinder is  100.0  cm\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Length of cylinder is  110.0  cm\n",


-        "\n",


-        " COP is  4\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power required to drive the compressor is  0  kW\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 5


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex14.5:pg-607"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "P2 = 1554.3 # Pressure at state 2 in kPa\n",


-      "P1 = 119.5# Pressure at state 1 in kPa\n",


-      "Pi = sqrt(P1*P2)\n",


-      "h1 = 1404.6 # Enthalpy at state1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2 = 1574.3 # Enthalpy at state2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h3 = 1443.5 # Enthalpy at state3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h4 = 1628.1# Enthalpy at state4 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h5 = 371.7 # Enthalpy at state5 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h6 = h5 # Isenthalpic process\n",


-      "h7 = 181.5# Enthalpy at state7 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "w = 30 # capacity of plant in tonnes of refrigeration\n",


-      "m2_dot = (3.89*w)/(h1-h7) # mass flow rate in upper cycle\n",


-      "m1_dot = m2_dot*((h2-h7)/(h3-h6))# mass flow rate in lower cycle\n",


-      "Wc_dot = m2_dot*(h2-h1)+m1_dot*(h4-h3) # Compressor work\n",


-      "COP = w*3.89/Wc_dot # Coefficient of performance of cycle\n",


-      "# single stage\n",


-      "h1_ = 1404.6 #Enthalpy at state1 in kJ/kg \n",


-      "h2_ = 1805.1 # Enthalpy at state2 in kJ/kg \n",


-      "h3_ = 371.1 # Enthalpy at state3 in kJ/kg \n",


-      "h4_ = h3_ # Isenthalpic process\n",


-      "m_dot = (3.89*30)/(h1_-h4_) # mass flow rate in cycle\n",


-      "Wc = m_dot*(h2_-h1_) # Compressor work\n",


-      "COP_ = w*3.89/Wc # Coefficient of performance of cycle\n",


-      "IW = (Wc-Wc_dot)/Wc_dot # Increase in compressor work\n",


-      "ICOP = (COP-COP_)/COP_ # Increase in COP for 2 stage compression\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.5\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Increase in work of compression for single stage  is \",IW*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Increase in COP for 2 stage compression is \",ICOP*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.5\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Increase in work of compression for single stage  is  15.719846307  percent\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Increase in COP for 2 stage compression is  15.719846307  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 6


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex14.6:pg-608"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "te = -10 # Evaporator temperature in degree celsius\n",


-      "pc = 7.675 # Condenser pressure in bar\n",


-      "pf = 4.139 # Flash chamber pressure in bar\n",


-      "P = 100 # Power input to compressor in kW\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.6\\n\"\n",


-      "# From the property table of R-134a,\n",


-      "h7 = 140.96 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "hf = 113.29 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "hfg = 300.5-113.29 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "hg = 300.5 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "h1 = 288.86 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "s1 = 1.17189 # # In kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s2 =s1\n",


-      "#By interpolation \n",


-      "h2 = 303.468 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "x8 = (h7-hf)/hfg\n",


-      "m1=x8\n",


-      "h5 = (1-m1)*h2 + m1*hg\n",


-      "# By interpolation\n",


-      "s5 = 1.7174 # In kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s6=s5\n",


-      "h6 = 315.79 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "m = P/((h6-h5) + (1-m1)*(h2-h1))\n",


-      "m_e = (1-m1)*m\n",


-      "COP = m_e*(h1-hf)/P\n",


-      "print \"\\n The COP of the plant is \",COP ,\", \\n The mass flow rate of refrigerant in the evaporator is \",m_e ,\" kg/s\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.6\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The COP of the plant is  5.93506047745 , \n",


-        " The mass flow rate of refrigerant in the evaporator is  3.38045251321  kg/s\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 8


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex14.7:pg-609"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "tsat = 120.2 # Saturation temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "hfg = 2201.9 # Latent heat of fusion in kJ/kg\n",


-      "T1 = 120.2 # Generator temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "T2 = 30 # Ambient temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "Tr = -10 # Operating temperature of refrigerator in degree Celsius\n",


-      "COP_max = (((T1+273)-(T2+273))*(Tr+273))/(((T2+273)-(Tr+273))*(T1+273)) # Ideal coefficient of performance \n",


-      "ACOP = 0.4*COP_max # Actual COP\n",


-      "L =  20 # Refrigeration load in tonnes\n",


-      "Qe = (L*14000)/3600 # Heat extraction in KW\n",


-      "Qg = Qe/ACOP # Heat transfer from generator \n",


-      "x = 0.9 # Quality of refrigerant\n",


-      "H = x*hfg # Heat extraction\n",


-      "SFR = Qg/H # Steam flow rate\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.7\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Steam flow rate required is \",SFR ,\" kg/s\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.7\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Steam flow rate required is  0.0644023696678  kg/s\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 9


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex14.8:pg-611"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "tf = 5 # Temperature of flash chamber in degree celsius\n",


-      "x = 0.98 # Quality of water vapour living the evaporator\n",


-      "t2 = 14 # Returning temperature of chilled water in degree celsius\n",


-      "t0 = 30 # Make up water temperature in degree celsius\n",


-      "m = 12 # Mass flow rate of chilled water in kg/s\n",


-      "nc = 0.8 # Compressor efficiecy \n",


-      "pc = 0.1 # Condenser pressure in bar\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.8\\n\"\n",


-      "#From the steam table\n",


-      "hf = 58.62 # In kJ/kg at 14 degree celsius\n",


-      "hf_ = 20.93 # In kJ/kg at 5 degree celsius\n",


-      "hf__ = 125.73 # In kJ/kg at 30 degree celsius\n",


-      "hv = x*2510.7\n",


-      "Rc = m*(hf-hf_)/3.5\n",


-      "m_v = Rc*3.5/(hv-hf__)\n",


-      "# At 0.10 bar\n",


-      "hg = 2800 # In kJ/kg \n",


-      "Win = m_v*(hg-hv)/nc\n",


-      "COP = Rc*3.5/Win\n",


-      "print \"\\nCOP of the system is \",COP"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.8\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "COP of the system is  5.50140730574\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 10


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex14.9:pg-611"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "T1 = 4.0 # Compressor inlet temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "T3 = 55.0 # Cooling limit in heat exchanger in degree Celsius\n",


-      "rp = 3.0 # Pressure ratio\n",


-      "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",


-      "cp = 1.005 # Constant volume heat capacity\n",


-      "L = 3.0 # Cooling load in tonnes of refrigeration\n",


-      "nc = 0.72 # compressor efficiency\n",


-      "T2s = (T1+273)*(rp**((g-1)/g)) # Ideal temperature after compression\n",


-      "T2 = (T1+273)+(T2s-T1-273)/nc # Actual temperature after compression\n",


-      "T4s = (T3+273)/(rp**((g-1)/g)) # Ideal temperature after expansion\n",


-      "T34 = 0.78*(T3+273-T4s) # Change in temperature during expansion process\n",


-      "T4 = T3+273-T34 # Actual temperature after expansion\n",


-      "COP = (T1+273-T4)/((T2-T1-273)-(T3+273-T4)) # Coefficient of performance of cycle\n",


-      "P = (L*14000)/(COP*3600) # Driving power required\n",


-      "m = (L*14000)/(cp*(T1+273-T4)) # Mass flow rate of air\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.9\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n COP of the refrigerator is \",COP\n",


-      "print \"\\n Driving power required is \",P ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Mass flow rate is \",m/3600 ,\" kg/s\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.9\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " COP of the refrigerator is  0.245731992881\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Driving power required is  47.4771987558  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Mass flow rate is  0.64768311581  kg/s\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 11


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex14.10:pg-611"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "P1 = 2.4  #Compressor inlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "T1 = 0 # Compressor inlet temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "h1 = 188.9 # Enthalpy of refrigerant at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "s1 = 0.7177 # Entropy of refrigerant at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "v1 = 0.0703 # Specific volume at state 1 in m**3/kg\n",


-      "P2 = 9 # Compressor outlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "T2 = 60 # Compressor outlet pressure in degree Celsius\n",


-      "h2 = 219.37 # Actual compressor outlet enthalpy in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "h2s = 213.27 # Ideal compressor outlet enthalpy in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "h3 = 71.93 # Enthalpy of refrigerant at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h4 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",


-      "\n",


-      "A1V1 = 0.6/60 # volume flow rate in kg/s\n",


-      "m_dot = A1V1/v1 # mass flow rate\n",


-      "Wc_dot = m_dot*(h2-h1) # Compressor work\n",


-      "Q1_dot = m_dot*(h2-h3) # Heat extracted \n",


-      "COP = Q1_dot/Wc_dot # Coefficient of performance\n",


-      "nis = (h2s-h1)/(h2-h1) # Isentropic compressor efficiency\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.10\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power input is \",Wc_dot ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Heating capacity is \",Q1_dot ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",


-      "print \"\\n The isentropic compressor efficiency is \",nis*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.10\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power input is  4.33428165007  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Heating capacity is  20.972972973  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " COP is  4.83885789301\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The isentropic compressor efficiency is  79.9803085002  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 12


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "\n",


-      "Ex14.11:pg-611"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "T1 = 275.0 # Temperature of air at entrance to compressor in K \n",


-      "T3 = 310.0 # Temperature of air at entrance to turbine in K \n",


-      "P1 = 1.0  # Inlet presure in bar\n",


-      "P2 = 4.0 # Outlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "nc = 0.8 # Compressor efficiency\n",


-      "T2s = T1*(P2/P1)**(.286) # Ideal temperature after compression\n",


-      "T2 = T1 + (T2s-T1)/nc # Actual temperature after compression\n",


-      "pr1 = 0.1 # Pressure loss in cooler in bar\n",


-      "pr2 = 0.08 #Pressure loss in condensor in bar \n",


-      "P3 = P2-0.1 # Actual pressure in condesor\n",


-      "P4 = P1+0.08 # Actual pressure in evaporator\n",


-      "PR = P3/P4 # Pressure ratio\n",


-      "T4s = T3*(1/PR)**(0.286) # Ideal temperature after expansion\n",


-      "nt = 0.85 # turbine efficiency\n",


-      "T4 = T3-(T3-T4s)*nt # Actual temperature after expansion\n",


-      "COP = (T1-T4)/((T2-T3)-(T1-T4)) # Coefficient of performance \n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.11\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Pressure ratio for the turbine is \",PR\n",


-      "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.11\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Pressure ratio for the turbine is  3.61111111111\n",


-        "\n",


-        " COP is  0.533011099882\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 13


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex14.12:pg-611"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "L = 60.0 # Cooling load in kW\n",


-      "p = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",


-      "t = 20.0 # Temperature in degree celsius\n",


-      "v = 900.0 # Speed of aircraft in km/h\n",


-      "p1 = 0.35 # Pressure in bar\n",


-      "T1 = 255 # Temperature in K\n",


-      "nd = .85 # Diffuser efficiency \n",


-      "rp = 6.0 # Pressure ratio of compressor\n",


-      "nc = .85 # Copressor efficiency \n",


-      "E = 0.9 # Effectiveness of air cooler\n",


-      "nt = 0.88 # Turbine efficiency \n",


-      "p_ = 0.08 # Pressure drop in air cooler in bar\n",


-      "p5 =  1.08 # Pressure in bar\n",


-      "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air at constant pressure in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities of air\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 14.12\\n\"\n",


-      "V = v*(5/18)\n",


-      "T2_ = T1 + (V**2)/(2*cp*1000)\n",


-      "T2 = T2_\n",


-      "p2_ = p1*((T2_/T1)**((gama/(gama-1))))\n",


-      "p2 = p1 + nd*(p2_-p1)\n",


-      "p3 = rp*p2\n",


-      "T3_ = T2*((p3/p2)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",


-      "T3 = T2 + (T3_-T2)/nc\n",


-      "P = cp*(T3-T2)\n",


-      "p4 = p3 - p_\n",


-      "T4 = T3 - E*(T3-T2)\n",


-      "T5_ = T4/((p4/p5)**(.286))\n",


-      "T5 = T4 - (T4-T5_)/nt\n",


-      "RE = cp*(t+273 - T5)\n",


-      "m = L/51.5\n",


-      "Pr = m*P\n",


-      "COP = L/Pr\n",


-      "print \"\\n Mass flow rate of air flowing through the cooling system is \",m\n",


-      "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 14.12\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Mass flow rate of air flowing through the cooling system is  1.16504854369\n",


-        "\n",


-        " COP is  0.255512245083\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 14


-    }


-   ],


-   "metadata": {}


-  }


- ]


-}
\ No newline at end of file
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 14: Refrigeration cycle"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.1:pg-602"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.1\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power required to drive the plane is  12.9850746269  kW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T2 = -5.0 # Cold storage temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "T1 = 35.0 # Surrounding temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "COP = (T2+273)/((T1+273)-(T2+273))\n",
+    "ACOP = COP/3 # Actual COP\n",
+    "Q2 = 29.0 # Heat leakage in kW\n",
+    "W = Q2/ACOP\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.1\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the plane is \",W ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.2:pg-603"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.2\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The rate of heat removal is  8.5572  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power input to the compressor is  2.1606  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The heat rejection rate in the condenser is  10.7178  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " COP is  3.9605665093  kW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# At P = 0.14 MPa\n",
+    "h1 = 236.04 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "s1 = 0.9322 # Entropy at state 2 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s2 = s1 # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "# At P = 0.8 MPa\n",
+    "h2 = 272.05 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3 = 93.42 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "m = 0.06 # mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
+    "Q2 = m*(h1-h4) # Heat absorption\n",
+    "Wc = m*(h2-h1) # Compressor work\n",
+    "Q1 = m*(h2-h4) # Heat rejection in evaporator\n",
+    "COP = Q2/Wc # coefficient of performance\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.2\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n The rate of heat removal is \",Q2 ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power input to the compressor is \",Wc ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n The heat rejection rate in the condenser is \",Q1 ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.3:pg-604"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Refrigerant flow rate is  0.179046449765  kg/s\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Volume flow rate is  0.0137865766319  m**3/s\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Compressor discharge temperature is  48.0  degree Celsius \n",
+      "\n",
+      " Pressure ratio is  4.38417305586\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Heat rejected to the condenser is  24.1390423573  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Flash gas percentage is  30.5290768345  percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      " COP is  4.14187643021  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power required to drive the compressor is  4.69459791283  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Ratio of COP of cycle with  Carnot refrigerator is  0.787428979127\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "h1 = 183.19 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = 209.41 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3 = 74.59 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "T1 = 40.0 # Evaporator temperature in degree Celsius \n",
+    "T2 = -10.0 # Condenser temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "W = 5.0 # Plant capacity in tonnes of refrigeration\n",
+    "w = (W*14000/3600)/(h1-h4) # Refrigerant flow rate\n",
+    "v1 = 0.077 # Specific volume of vapor in m**3/kg\n",
+    "VFR = w*v1 # volume flow rate\n",
+    "T = 48.0 # Compressor discharge temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "P2 = 9.6066 # Pressure after compression\n",
+    "P1 = 2.1912 # Pressure before compression\n",
+    "rp = P2/P1 # Pressure ratio\n",
+    "Q1 = w*(h2-h3) # Heat rejected in condenser\n",
+    "hf = 26.87 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
+    "hfg = 156.31# Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
+    "x4 = (h4-hf)/hfg # quality of refrigerant\n",
+    "COP_v = (h1-h4)/(h2-h1) # Actual coefficient of performance of cycle\n",
+    "PI = w*(h2-h1) # Power input\n",
+    "COP = (T2+273)/((T1+273)-(T2+273)) # Ideal coefficient of performance\n",
+    "r = COP_v/COP\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.3\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Refrigerant flow rate is \",w ,\" kg/s\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Volume flow rate is \",VFR ,\" m**3/s\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Compressor discharge temperature is \",T ,\" degree Celsius \"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Pressure ratio is \",rp\n",
+    "print \"\\n Heat rejected to the condenser is \",Q1 ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Flash gas percentage is \",x4*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP_v ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressor is \",PI ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Ratio of COP of cycle with  Carnot refrigerator is \",r\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.4:pg-605"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.4\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Refrigeration effect is  126  kJ/kg\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Refrigerant flow rate is  0  kg/s\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Diameter of cylinder is  100.0  cm\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Length of cylinder is  110.0  cm\n",
+      "\n",
+      " COP is  4\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power required to drive the compressor is  0  kW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "h3 = 882 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = 1034 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h6 = 998 # Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h1 = 1008 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "v1 = 0.084 # Specific volume at state 1 in m**3/kg\n",
+    "t4 = 25 # Temperature at state 4 in degree Celsius\n",
+    "m = 10 # mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
+    "h4 = h3-h1+h6 \n",
+    "h5 = h4 # isenthalpic process\n",
+    "w = (m*14000)/((h6-h5)*3600) # in kg/s\n",
+    "VFR = w*3600*v1 # Volume flow rate in m**3/h\n",
+    "ve = 0.8 # volumetric efficiency\n",
+    "CD = VFR/(ve*60) # Compressor displacement in m**3/min\n",
+    "N = 900 # Number of strokes per minute\n",
+    "n = 2 # number of cylinder\n",
+    "\n",
+    "D = ((CD*4)/(math.pi*1.1*N*n))**(1/3) # L = 1.1D L = length D = diameter\n",
+    "L = 1.1*D\n",
+    "COP = (h6-h5)/(h2-h1) # coefficient of performance\n",
+    "PI = w*(h2-h1) # Power input\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.4\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Refrigeration effect is \",h6-h5 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Refrigerant flow rate is \",w ,\" kg/s\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Diameter of cylinder is \",D*100 ,\" cm\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Length of cylinder is \",L*100 ,\" cm\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressor is \",PI ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.5:pg-607"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.5\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Increase in work of compression for single stage  is  15.719846307  percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Increase in COP for 2 stage compression is  15.719846307  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "P2 = 1554.3 # Pressure at state 2 in kPa\n",
+    "P1 = 119.5# Pressure at state 1 in kPa\n",
+    "Pi = math.sqrt(P1*P2)\n",
+    "h1 = 1404.6 # Enthalpy at state1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = 1574.3 # Enthalpy at state2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3 = 1443.5 # Enthalpy at state3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4 = 1628.1# Enthalpy at state4 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h5 = 371.7 # Enthalpy at state5 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h6 = h5 # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "h7 = 181.5# Enthalpy at state7 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "w = 30 # capacity of plant in tonnes of refrigeration\n",
+    "m2_dot = (3.89*w)/(h1-h7) # mass flow rate in upper cycle\n",
+    "m1_dot = m2_dot*((h2-h7)/(h3-h6))# mass flow rate in lower cycle\n",
+    "Wc_dot = m2_dot*(h2-h1)+m1_dot*(h4-h3) # Compressor work\n",
+    "COP = w*3.89/Wc_dot # Coefficient of performance of cycle\n",
+    "# single stage\n",
+    "h1_ = 1404.6 #Enthalpy at state1 in kJ/kg \n",
+    "h2_ = 1805.1 # Enthalpy at state2 in kJ/kg \n",
+    "h3_ = 371.1 # Enthalpy at state3 in kJ/kg \n",
+    "h4_ = h3_ # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "m_dot = (3.89*30)/(h1_-h4_) # mass flow rate in cycle\n",
+    "Wc = m_dot*(h2_-h1_) # Compressor work\n",
+    "COP_ = w*3.89/Wc # Coefficient of performance of cycle\n",
+    "IW = (Wc-Wc_dot)/Wc_dot # Increase in compressor work\n",
+    "ICOP = (COP-COP_)/COP_ # Increase in COP for 2 stage compression\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.5\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Increase in work of compression for single stage  is \",IW*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Increase in COP for 2 stage compression is \",ICOP*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.6:pg-608"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.6\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The COP of the plant is  5.93506047745 , \n",
+      " The mass flow rate of refrigerant in the evaporator is  3.38045251321  kg/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "te = -10 # Evaporator temperature in degree celsius\n",
+    "pc = 7.675 # Condenser pressure in bar\n",
+    "pf = 4.139 # Flash chamber pressure in bar\n",
+    "P = 100 # Power input to compressor in kW\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.6\\n\"\n",
+    "# From the property table of R-134a,\n",
+    "h7 = 140.96 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "hf = 113.29 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "hfg = 300.5-113.29 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "hg = 300.5 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "h1 = 288.86 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "s1 = 1.17189 # # In kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s2 =s1\n",
+    "#By interpolation \n",
+    "h2 = 303.468 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "x8 = (h7-hf)/hfg\n",
+    "m1=x8\n",
+    "h5 = (1-m1)*h2 + m1*hg\n",
+    "# By interpolation\n",
+    "s5 = 1.7174 # In kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s6=s5\n",
+    "h6 = 315.79 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "m = P/((h6-h5) + (1-m1)*(h2-h1))\n",
+    "m_e = (1-m1)*m\n",
+    "COP = m_e*(h1-hf)/P\n",
+    "print \"\\n The COP of the plant is \",COP ,\", \\n The mass flow rate of refrigerant in the evaporator is \",m_e ,\" kg/s\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.7:pg-609"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.7\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Steam flow rate required is  0.0644023696678  kg/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "tsat = 120.2 # Saturation temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "hfg = 2201.9 # Latent heat of fusion in kJ/kg\n",
+    "T1 = 120.2 # Generator temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "T2 = 30 # Ambient temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "Tr = -10 # Operating temperature of refrigerator in degree Celsius\n",
+    "COP_max = (((T1+273)-(T2+273))*(Tr+273))/(((T2+273)-(Tr+273))*(T1+273)) # Ideal coefficient of performance \n",
+    "ACOP = 0.4*COP_max # Actual COP\n",
+    "L =  20 # Refrigeration load in tonnes\n",
+    "Qe = (L*14000)/3600 # Heat extraction in KW\n",
+    "Qg = Qe/ACOP # Heat transfer from generator \n",
+    "x = 0.9 # Quality of refrigerant\n",
+    "H = x*hfg # Heat extraction\n",
+    "SFR = Qg/H # Steam flow rate\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.7\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Steam flow rate required is \",SFR ,\" kg/s\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.8:pg-611"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.8\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "COP of the system is  5.50140730574\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "tf = 5 # Temperature of flash chamber in degree celsius\n",
+    "x = 0.98 # Quality of water vapour living the evaporator\n",
+    "t2 = 14 # Returning temperature of chilled water in degree celsius\n",
+    "t0 = 30 # Make up water temperature in degree celsius\n",
+    "m = 12 # Mass flow rate of chilled water in kg/s\n",
+    "nc = 0.8 # Compressor efficiecy \n",
+    "pc = 0.1 # Condenser pressure in bar\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.8\\n\"\n",
+    "#From the steam table\n",
+    "hf = 58.62 # In kJ/kg at 14 degree celsius\n",
+    "hf_ = 20.93 # In kJ/kg at 5 degree celsius\n",
+    "hf__ = 125.73 # In kJ/kg at 30 degree celsius\n",
+    "hv = x*2510.7\n",
+    "Rc = m*(hf-hf_)/3.5\n",
+    "m_v = Rc*3.5/(hv-hf__)\n",
+    "# At 0.10 bar\n",
+    "hg = 2800 # In kJ/kg \n",
+    "Win = m_v*(hg-hv)/nc\n",
+    "COP = Rc*3.5/Win\n",
+    "print \"\\nCOP of the system is \",COP"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.9:pg-611"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.9\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " COP of the refrigerator is  0.245731992881\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Driving power required is  47.4771987558  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Mass flow rate is  0.64768311581  kg/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T1 = 4.0 # Compressor inlet temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "T3 = 55.0 # Cooling limit in heat exchanger in degree Celsius\n",
+    "rp = 3.0 # Pressure ratio\n",
+    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
+    "cp = 1.005 # Constant volume heat capacity\n",
+    "L = 3.0 # Cooling load in tonnes of refrigeration\n",
+    "nc = 0.72 # compressor efficiency\n",
+    "T2s = (T1+273)*(rp**((g-1)/g)) # Ideal temperature after compression\n",
+    "T2 = (T1+273)+(T2s-T1-273)/nc # Actual temperature after compression\n",
+    "T4s = (T3+273)/(rp**((g-1)/g)) # Ideal temperature after expansion\n",
+    "T34 = 0.78*(T3+273-T4s) # Change in temperature during expansion process\n",
+    "T4 = T3+273-T34 # Actual temperature after expansion\n",
+    "COP = (T1+273-T4)/((T2-T1-273)-(T3+273-T4)) # Coefficient of performance of cycle\n",
+    "P = (L*14000)/(COP*3600) # Driving power required\n",
+    "m = (L*14000)/(cp*(T1+273-T4)) # Mass flow rate of air\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.9\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n COP of the refrigerator is \",COP\n",
+    "print \"\\n Driving power required is \",P ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Mass flow rate is \",m/3600 ,\" kg/s\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.10:pg-611"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.10\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power input is  4.33428165007  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Heating capacity is  20.972972973  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " COP is  4.83885789301\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The isentropic compressor efficiency is  79.9803085002  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "P1 = 2.4  #Compressor inlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "T1 = 0 # Compressor inlet temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "h1 = 188.9 # Enthalpy of refrigerant at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "s1 = 0.7177 # Entropy of refrigerant at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "v1 = 0.0703 # Specific volume at state 1 in m**3/kg\n",
+    "P2 = 9 # Compressor outlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "T2 = 60 # Compressor outlet pressure in degree Celsius\n",
+    "h2 = 219.37 # Actual compressor outlet enthalpy in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "h2s = 213.27 # Ideal compressor outlet enthalpy in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "h3 = 71.93 # Enthalpy of refrigerant at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "\n",
+    "A1V1 = 0.6/60 # volume flow rate in kg/s\n",
+    "m_dot = A1V1/v1 # mass flow rate\n",
+    "Wc_dot = m_dot*(h2-h1) # Compressor work\n",
+    "Q1_dot = m_dot*(h2-h3) # Heat extracted \n",
+    "COP = Q1_dot/Wc_dot # Coefficient of performance\n",
+    "nis = (h2s-h1)/(h2-h1) # Isentropic compressor efficiency\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.10\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power input is \",Wc_dot ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Heating capacity is \",Q1_dot ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",
+    "print \"\\n The isentropic compressor efficiency is \",nis*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "##  Ex14.11:pg-611"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.11\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Pressure ratio for the turbine is  3.61111111111\n",
+      "\n",
+      " COP is  0.533011099882\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T1 = 275.0 # Temperature of air at entrance to compressor in K \n",
+    "T3 = 310.0 # Temperature of air at entrance to turbine in K \n",
+    "P1 = 1.0  # Inlet presure in bar\n",
+    "P2 = 4.0 # Outlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "nc = 0.8 # Compressor efficiency\n",
+    "T2s = T1*(P2/P1)**(.286) # Ideal temperature after compression\n",
+    "T2 = T1 + (T2s-T1)/nc # Actual temperature after compression\n",
+    "pr1 = 0.1 # Pressure loss in cooler in bar\n",
+    "pr2 = 0.08 #Pressure loss in condensor in bar \n",
+    "P3 = P2-0.1 # Actual pressure in condesor\n",
+    "P4 = P1+0.08 # Actual pressure in evaporator\n",
+    "PR = P3/P4 # Pressure ratio\n",
+    "T4s = T3*(1/PR)**(0.286) # Ideal temperature after expansion\n",
+    "nt = 0.85 # turbine efficiency\n",
+    "T4 = T3-(T3-T4s)*nt # Actual temperature after expansion\n",
+    "COP = (T1-T4)/((T2-T3)-(T1-T4)) # Coefficient of performance \n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.11\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Pressure ratio for the turbine is \",PR\n",
+    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.12:pg-611"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 14.12\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Mass flow rate of air flowing through the cooling system is  1.16504854369\n",
+      "\n",
+      " COP is  0.255512245083\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "L = 60.0 # Cooling load in kW\n",
+    "p = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",
+    "t = 20.0 # Temperature in degree celsius\n",
+    "v = 900.0 # Speed of aircraft in km/h\n",
+    "p1 = 0.35 # Pressure in bar\n",
+    "T1 = 255 # Temperature in K\n",
+    "nd = .85 # Diffuser efficiency \n",
+    "rp = 6.0 # Pressure ratio of compressor\n",
+    "nc = .85 # Copressor efficiency \n",
+    "E = 0.9 # Effectiveness of air cooler\n",
+    "nt = 0.88 # Turbine efficiency \n",
+    "p_ = 0.08 # Pressure drop in air cooler in bar\n",
+    "p5 =  1.08 # Pressure in bar\n",
+    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air at constant pressure in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities of air\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 14.12\\n\"\n",
+    "V = v*(5/18)\n",
+    "T2_ = T1 + (V**2)/(2*cp*1000)\n",
+    "T2 = T2_\n",
+    "p2_ = p1*((T2_/T1)**((gama/(gama-1))))\n",
+    "p2 = p1 + nd*(p2_-p1)\n",
+    "p3 = rp*p2\n",
+    "T3_ = T2*((p3/p2)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
+    "T3 = T2 + (T3_-T2)/nc\n",
+    "P = cp*(T3-T2)\n",
+    "p4 = p3 - p_\n",
+    "T4 = T3 - E*(T3-T2)\n",
+    "T5_ = T4/((p4/p5)**(.286))\n",
+    "T5 = T4 - (T4-T5_)/nt\n",
+    "RE = cp*(t+273 - T5)\n",
+    "m = L/51.5\n",
+    "Pr = m*P\n",
+    "COP = L/Pr\n",
+    "print \"\\n Mass flow rate of air flowing through the cooling system is \",m\n",
+    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter14_HgYvpWb.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter14_HgYvpWb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index eab55652..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter14_HgYvpWb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,735 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 14: Refrigeration cycle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.1:pg-602"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power required to drive the plane is  12.9850746269  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T2 = -5.0 # Cold storage temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T1 = 35.0 # Surrounding temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "COP = (T2+273)/((T1+273)-(T2+273))\n",
-    "ACOP = COP/3 # Actual COP\n",
-    "Q2 = 29.0 # Heat leakage in kW\n",
-    "W = Q2/ACOP\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.1\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the plane is \",W ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.2:pg-603"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of heat removal is  8.5572  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power input to the compressor is  2.1606  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat rejection rate in the condenser is  10.7178  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " COP is  3.9605665093  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# At P = 0.14 MPa\n",
-    "h1 = 236.04 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 0.9322 # Entropy at state 2 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s2 = s1 # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "# At P = 0.8 MPa\n",
-    "h2 = 272.05 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3 = 93.42 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "m = 0.06 # mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Q2 = m*(h1-h4) # Heat absorption\n",
-    "Wc = m*(h2-h1) # Compressor work\n",
-    "Q1 = m*(h2-h4) # Heat rejection in evaporator\n",
-    "COP = Q2/Wc # coefficient of performance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.2\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of heat removal is \",Q2 ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power input to the compressor is \",Wc ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat rejection rate in the condenser is \",Q1 ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.3:pg-604"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Refrigerant flow rate is  0.179046449765  kg/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Volume flow rate is  0.0137865766319  m**3/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Compressor discharge temperature is  48.0  degree Celsius \n",
-      "\n",
-      " Pressure ratio is  4.38417305586\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat rejected to the condenser is  24.1390423573  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Flash gas percentage is  30.5290768345  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " COP is  4.14187643021  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power required to drive the compressor is  4.69459791283  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Ratio of COP of cycle with  Carnot refrigerator is  0.787428979127\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h1 = 183.19 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = 209.41 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3 = 74.59 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "T1 = 40.0 # Evaporator temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "T2 = -10.0 # Condenser temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "W = 5.0 # Plant capacity in tonnes of refrigeration\n",
-    "w = (W*14000/3600)/(h1-h4) # Refrigerant flow rate\n",
-    "v1 = 0.077 # Specific volume of vapor in m**3/kg\n",
-    "VFR = w*v1 # volume flow rate\n",
-    "T = 48.0 # Compressor discharge temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "P2 = 9.6066 # Pressure after compression\n",
-    "P1 = 2.1912 # Pressure before compression\n",
-    "rp = P2/P1 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "Q1 = w*(h2-h3) # Heat rejected in condenser\n",
-    "hf = 26.87 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hfg = 156.31# Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "x4 = (h4-hf)/hfg # quality of refrigerant\n",
-    "COP_v = (h1-h4)/(h2-h1) # Actual coefficient of performance of cycle\n",
-    "PI = w*(h2-h1) # Power input\n",
-    "COP = (T2+273)/((T1+273)-(T2+273)) # Ideal coefficient of performance\n",
-    "r = COP_v/COP\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.3\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Refrigerant flow rate is \",w ,\" kg/s\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Volume flow rate is \",VFR ,\" m**3/s\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Compressor discharge temperature is \",T ,\" degree Celsius \"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Pressure ratio is \",rp\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat rejected to the condenser is \",Q1 ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Flash gas percentage is \",x4*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP_v ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressor is \",PI ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Ratio of COP of cycle with  Carnot refrigerator is \",r\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.4:pg-605"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Refrigeration effect is  126  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Refrigerant flow rate is  0  kg/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Diameter of cylinder is  100.0  cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Length of cylinder is  110.0  cm\n",
-      "\n",
-      " COP is  4\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power required to drive the compressor is  0  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h3 = 882 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = 1034 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h6 = 998 # Enthalpy at state 6 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h1 = 1008 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "v1 = 0.084 # Specific volume at state 1 in m**3/kg\n",
-    "t4 = 25 # Temperature at state 4 in degree Celsius\n",
-    "m = 10 # mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "h4 = h3-h1+h6 \n",
-    "h5 = h4 # isenthalpic process\n",
-    "w = (m*14000)/((h6-h5)*3600) # in kg/s\n",
-    "VFR = w*3600*v1 # Volume flow rate in m**3/h\n",
-    "ve = 0.8 # volumetric efficiency\n",
-    "CD = VFR/(ve*60) # Compressor displacement in m**3/min\n",
-    "N = 900 # Number of strokes per minute\n",
-    "n = 2 # number of cylinder\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D = ((CD*4)/(math.pi*1.1*N*n))**(1/3) # L = 1.1D L = length D = diameter\n",
-    "L = 1.1*D\n",
-    "COP = (h6-h5)/(h2-h1) # coefficient of performance\n",
-    "PI = w*(h2-h1) # Power input\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.4\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Refrigeration effect is \",h6-h5 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Refrigerant flow rate is \",w ,\" kg/s\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Diameter of cylinder is \",D*100 ,\" cm\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Length of cylinder is \",L*100 ,\" cm\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressor is \",PI ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.5:pg-607"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Increase in work of compression for single stage  is  15.719846307  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Increase in COP for 2 stage compression is  15.719846307  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "P2 = 1554.3 # Pressure at state 2 in kPa\n",
-    "P1 = 119.5# Pressure at state 1 in kPa\n",
-    "Pi = math.sqrt(P1*P2)\n",
-    "h1 = 1404.6 # Enthalpy at state1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = 1574.3 # Enthalpy at state2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3 = 1443.5 # Enthalpy at state3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4 = 1628.1# Enthalpy at state4 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h5 = 371.7 # Enthalpy at state5 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h6 = h5 # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "h7 = 181.5# Enthalpy at state7 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "w = 30 # capacity of plant in tonnes of refrigeration\n",
-    "m2_dot = (3.89*w)/(h1-h7) # mass flow rate in upper cycle\n",
-    "m1_dot = m2_dot*((h2-h7)/(h3-h6))# mass flow rate in lower cycle\n",
-    "Wc_dot = m2_dot*(h2-h1)+m1_dot*(h4-h3) # Compressor work\n",
-    "COP = w*3.89/Wc_dot # Coefficient of performance of cycle\n",
-    "# single stage\n",
-    "h1_ = 1404.6 #Enthalpy at state1 in kJ/kg \n",
-    "h2_ = 1805.1 # Enthalpy at state2 in kJ/kg \n",
-    "h3_ = 371.1 # Enthalpy at state3 in kJ/kg \n",
-    "h4_ = h3_ # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "m_dot = (3.89*30)/(h1_-h4_) # mass flow rate in cycle\n",
-    "Wc = m_dot*(h2_-h1_) # Compressor work\n",
-    "COP_ = w*3.89/Wc # Coefficient of performance of cycle\n",
-    "IW = (Wc-Wc_dot)/Wc_dot # Increase in compressor work\n",
-    "ICOP = (COP-COP_)/COP_ # Increase in COP for 2 stage compression\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.5\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Increase in work of compression for single stage  is \",IW*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Increase in COP for 2 stage compression is \",ICOP*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.6:pg-608"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The COP of the plant is  5.93506047745 , \n",
-      " The mass flow rate of refrigerant in the evaporator is  3.38045251321  kg/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "te = -10 # Evaporator temperature in degree celsius\n",
-    "pc = 7.675 # Condenser pressure in bar\n",
-    "pf = 4.139 # Flash chamber pressure in bar\n",
-    "P = 100 # Power input to compressor in kW\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.6\\n\"\n",
-    "# From the property table of R-134a,\n",
-    "h7 = 140.96 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "hf = 113.29 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "hfg = 300.5-113.29 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "hg = 300.5 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "h1 = 288.86 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 1.17189 # # In kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s2 =s1\n",
-    "#By interpolation \n",
-    "h2 = 303.468 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "x8 = (h7-hf)/hfg\n",
-    "m1=x8\n",
-    "h5 = (1-m1)*h2 + m1*hg\n",
-    "# By interpolation\n",
-    "s5 = 1.7174 # In kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s6=s5\n",
-    "h6 = 315.79 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "m = P/((h6-h5) + (1-m1)*(h2-h1))\n",
-    "m_e = (1-m1)*m\n",
-    "COP = m_e*(h1-hf)/P\n",
-    "print \"\\n The COP of the plant is \",COP ,\", \\n The mass flow rate of refrigerant in the evaporator is \",m_e ,\" kg/s\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.7:pg-609"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Steam flow rate required is  0.0644023696678  kg/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "tsat = 120.2 # Saturation temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "hfg = 2201.9 # Latent heat of fusion in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T1 = 120.2 # Generator temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T2 = 30 # Ambient temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "Tr = -10 # Operating temperature of refrigerator in degree Celsius\n",
-    "COP_max = (((T1+273)-(T2+273))*(Tr+273))/(((T2+273)-(Tr+273))*(T1+273)) # Ideal coefficient of performance \n",
-    "ACOP = 0.4*COP_max # Actual COP\n",
-    "L =  20 # Refrigeration load in tonnes\n",
-    "Qe = (L*14000)/3600 # Heat extraction in KW\n",
-    "Qg = Qe/ACOP # Heat transfer from generator \n",
-    "x = 0.9 # Quality of refrigerant\n",
-    "H = x*hfg # Heat extraction\n",
-    "SFR = Qg/H # Steam flow rate\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.7\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Steam flow rate required is \",SFR ,\" kg/s\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.8:pg-611"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "COP of the system is  5.50140730574\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "tf = 5 # Temperature of flash chamber in degree celsius\n",
-    "x = 0.98 # Quality of water vapour living the evaporator\n",
-    "t2 = 14 # Returning temperature of chilled water in degree celsius\n",
-    "t0 = 30 # Make up water temperature in degree celsius\n",
-    "m = 12 # Mass flow rate of chilled water in kg/s\n",
-    "nc = 0.8 # Compressor efficiecy \n",
-    "pc = 0.1 # Condenser pressure in bar\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.8\\n\"\n",
-    "#From the steam table\n",
-    "hf = 58.62 # In kJ/kg at 14 degree celsius\n",
-    "hf_ = 20.93 # In kJ/kg at 5 degree celsius\n",
-    "hf__ = 125.73 # In kJ/kg at 30 degree celsius\n",
-    "hv = x*2510.7\n",
-    "Rc = m*(hf-hf_)/3.5\n",
-    "m_v = Rc*3.5/(hv-hf__)\n",
-    "# At 0.10 bar\n",
-    "hg = 2800 # In kJ/kg \n",
-    "Win = m_v*(hg-hv)/nc\n",
-    "COP = Rc*3.5/Win\n",
-    "print \"\\nCOP of the system is \",COP"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.9:pg-611"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " COP of the refrigerator is  0.245731992881\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Driving power required is  47.4771987558  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mass flow rate is  0.64768311581  kg/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T1 = 4.0 # Compressor inlet temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T3 = 55.0 # Cooling limit in heat exchanger in degree Celsius\n",
-    "rp = 3.0 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Constant volume heat capacity\n",
-    "L = 3.0 # Cooling load in tonnes of refrigeration\n",
-    "nc = 0.72 # compressor efficiency\n",
-    "T2s = (T1+273)*(rp**((g-1)/g)) # Ideal temperature after compression\n",
-    "T2 = (T1+273)+(T2s-T1-273)/nc # Actual temperature after compression\n",
-    "T4s = (T3+273)/(rp**((g-1)/g)) # Ideal temperature after expansion\n",
-    "T34 = 0.78*(T3+273-T4s) # Change in temperature during expansion process\n",
-    "T4 = T3+273-T34 # Actual temperature after expansion\n",
-    "COP = (T1+273-T4)/((T2-T1-273)-(T3+273-T4)) # Coefficient of performance of cycle\n",
-    "P = (L*14000)/(COP*3600) # Driving power required\n",
-    "m = (L*14000)/(cp*(T1+273-T4)) # Mass flow rate of air\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.9\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n COP of the refrigerator is \",COP\n",
-    "print \"\\n Driving power required is \",P ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mass flow rate is \",m/3600 ,\" kg/s\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.10:pg-611"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power input is  4.33428165007  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heating capacity is  20.972972973  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " COP is  4.83885789301\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The isentropic compressor efficiency is  79.9803085002  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "P1 = 2.4  #Compressor inlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "T1 = 0 # Compressor inlet temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "h1 = 188.9 # Enthalpy of refrigerant at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 0.7177 # Entropy of refrigerant at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "v1 = 0.0703 # Specific volume at state 1 in m**3/kg\n",
-    "P2 = 9 # Compressor outlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "T2 = 60 # Compressor outlet pressure in degree Celsius\n",
-    "h2 = 219.37 # Actual compressor outlet enthalpy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "h2s = 213.27 # Ideal compressor outlet enthalpy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "h3 = 71.93 # Enthalpy of refrigerant at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4 = h3 # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1V1 = 0.6/60 # volume flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "m_dot = A1V1/v1 # mass flow rate\n",
-    "Wc_dot = m_dot*(h2-h1) # Compressor work\n",
-    "Q1_dot = m_dot*(h2-h3) # Heat extracted \n",
-    "COP = Q1_dot/Wc_dot # Coefficient of performance\n",
-    "nis = (h2s-h1)/(h2-h1) # Isentropic compressor efficiency\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.10\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power input is \",Wc_dot ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heating capacity is \",Q1_dot ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",
-    "print \"\\n The isentropic compressor efficiency is \",nis*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Ex14.11:pg-611"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.11\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Pressure ratio for the turbine is  3.61111111111\n",
-      "\n",
-      " COP is  0.533011099882\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T1 = 275.0 # Temperature of air at entrance to compressor in K \n",
-    "T3 = 310.0 # Temperature of air at entrance to turbine in K \n",
-    "P1 = 1.0  # Inlet presure in bar\n",
-    "P2 = 4.0 # Outlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "nc = 0.8 # Compressor efficiency\n",
-    "T2s = T1*(P2/P1)**(.286) # Ideal temperature after compression\n",
-    "T2 = T1 + (T2s-T1)/nc # Actual temperature after compression\n",
-    "pr1 = 0.1 # Pressure loss in cooler in bar\n",
-    "pr2 = 0.08 #Pressure loss in condensor in bar \n",
-    "P3 = P2-0.1 # Actual pressure in condesor\n",
-    "P4 = P1+0.08 # Actual pressure in evaporator\n",
-    "PR = P3/P4 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "T4s = T3*(1/PR)**(0.286) # Ideal temperature after expansion\n",
-    "nt = 0.85 # turbine efficiency\n",
-    "T4 = T3-(T3-T4s)*nt # Actual temperature after expansion\n",
-    "COP = (T1-T4)/((T2-T3)-(T1-T4)) # Coefficient of performance \n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.11\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Pressure ratio for the turbine is \",PR\n",
-    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.12:pg-611"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 14.12\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mass flow rate of air flowing through the cooling system is  1.16504854369\n",
-      "\n",
-      " COP is  0.255512245083\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "L = 60.0 # Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "p = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "t = 20.0 # Temperature in degree celsius\n",
-    "v = 900.0 # Speed of aircraft in km/h\n",
-    "p1 = 0.35 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "T1 = 255 # Temperature in K\n",
-    "nd = .85 # Diffuser efficiency \n",
-    "rp = 6.0 # Pressure ratio of compressor\n",
-    "nc = .85 # Copressor efficiency \n",
-    "E = 0.9 # Effectiveness of air cooler\n",
-    "nt = 0.88 # Turbine efficiency \n",
-    "p_ = 0.08 # Pressure drop in air cooler in bar\n",
-    "p5 =  1.08 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air at constant pressure in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities of air\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 14.12\\n\"\n",
-    "V = v*(5/18)\n",
-    "T2_ = T1 + (V**2)/(2*cp*1000)\n",
-    "T2 = T2_\n",
-    "p2_ = p1*((T2_/T1)**((gama/(gama-1))))\n",
-    "p2 = p1 + nd*(p2_-p1)\n",
-    "p3 = rp*p2\n",
-    "T3_ = T2*((p3/p2)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "T3 = T2 + (T3_-T2)/nc\n",
-    "P = cp*(T3-T2)\n",
-    "p4 = p3 - p_\n",
-    "T4 = T3 - E*(T3-T2)\n",
-    "T5_ = T4/((p4/p5)**(.286))\n",
-    "T5 = T4 - (T4-T5_)/nt\n",
-    "RE = cp*(t+273 - T5)\n",
-    "m = L/51.5\n",
-    "Pr = m*P\n",
-    "COP = L/Pr\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mass flow rate of air flowing through the cooling system is \",m\n",
-    "print \"\\n COP is \",COP\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter15.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter15.ipynb
index b877c09e..f64e81fc 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter15.ipynb
@@ -1,754 +1,760 @@
-{


- "metadata": {


-  "name": "",


-  "signature": "sha256:963989322b075173bceba6b56d05b500e9545a7d78fbd73ae76c2e2f2e3cee9c"


- },


- "nbformat": 3,


- "nbformat_minor": 0,


- "worksheets": [


-  {


-   "cells": [


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 1,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Chapter 15:Psychrometrics"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.1:pg-631"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "Ps = 0.033363 #Saturation pressure in bar\n",


-      "P = 1.0132 # Atmospheric pressure in bar\n",


-      "W2 = (0.622*Ps)/(P-Ps) # mass fraction of moisture\n",


-      "hfg2 = 2439.9 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",


-      "hf2 = 109.1 # Enthalpy of liquid moisture in kJ/kg\n",


-      "cpa = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity in kJ/kg\n",


-      "hg = 2559.9 # Enthalpy of gas moisture in kJ/kg\n",


-      "hw1 = hg # constant enthalpy\n",


-      "T2 = 26 # wbt in degree Celsius \n",


-      "T1 = 32 # dbt in degree Celsius \n",


-      "W1 = (cpa*(T2-T1)+(W2*hfg2))/(hw1-hf2)\n",


-      "Pw = ((W1/0.622)*P)/(1+(W1/0.622))\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Psat = 0.048 # Saturation pressure in bar at 32 degree\n",


-      "fi = Pw/Psat # Relative humidity\n",


-      "\n",


-      "mu = (Pw/Psat)*((P-Psat)/(P-Pw)) # Degree of Saturation\n",


-      "Pa = P-Pw # Air pressure\n",


-      "Ra = 0.287 # Gase constant\n",


-      "Tdb = T1+273 #  dbt in K\n",


-      "rho_a = (Pa*100)/(Ra*Tdb) # Density of air \n",


-      "rho_w = W1*rho_a # Water vapor density\n",


-      "ta = 32 # air temperature in degree Celsius  \n",


-      "tdb = 32 # dbt in degree Celsius \n",


-      "tdp = 24.1# Dew point temperature in degree Celsius \n",


-      "h = cpa*ta + W1*(hg+1.88*(tdb-tdp))\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.1\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Specific humidity is \",W1 ,\" kg vap./kg dry air\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Partial pressure of water vapour is \",Pw ,\" bar\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Dew point temperature is \",tdp ,\" degree celcius\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Relative humidity is \",fi*100 ,\" percent \"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Degree of saturation is \",mu\n",


-      "print \"\\n Density of dry air is \",rho_a ,\" kg/m**3\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Density of water vapor is \",rho_w ,\" kg/m**3\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Enthalpy of the mixture is \",h ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.1\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Specific humidity is  0.0186241999923  kg vap./kg dry air\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Partial pressure of water vapour is  0.0294557080928  bar\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Dew point temperature is  24.1  degree celcius\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Relative humidity is  61.3660585267  percent \n",


-        "\n",


-        " Degree of saturation is  0.602092639086\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Density of dry air is  1.12382965889  kg/m**3\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Density of water vapor is  0.0209304283244  kg/m**3\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Enthalpy of the mixture is  80.1126961785  kJ/kg\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 16


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.2:pg-632"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "Ps = 2.339 # Satutation pressure in kPa\n",


-      "P = 100.0 # Atmospheric pressure in kPa\n",


-      "W2 = (0.622*Ps)/(P-Ps) # Specific humidity\n",


-      "hfg2 = 2454.1 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",


-      "hf2 = 83.96 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",


-      "cpa = 1.005 # COnstant pressure heat capacity of air\n",


-      "hw1 = 2556.3# ENthalpy of water\n",


-      "T2 = 20.0  # Exit tempeature of mixture in degree Celsius\n",


-      "T1 = 30.0 # Inlet tempeature of mixture in degree Celsius\n",


-      "W1 = (cpa*(T2-T1)+(W2*hfg2))/(hw1-hf2) # Specific humidity at inlet\n",


-      "Pw1 = ((W1/0.622)*P)/(1+(W1/0.622)) # pressure due to moisture\n",


-      "Ps1 = 4.246 # Saturation pressure in kPa\n",


-      "fi = (Pw1/Ps1) # Humidity ratio \n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.2\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Humidity ratio of inlet mixture is \",W1 ,\" kg vap./kg dry air\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Relative humidity is \",fi*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.2\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Humidity ratio of inlet mixture is  0.0107221417941  kg vap./kg dry air\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Relative humidity is  39.9106245278  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 15


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.3:pg-633"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "Psat = 2.339 # Saturation pressure in kPa\n",


-      "fi3 = 0.50 # Humidity ratio\n",


-      "P = 101.3 # Atmospheric pressure in kPa\n",


-      "cp = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat addition in kJ/kg\n",


-      "Pw3 = fi3*Psat # Vapor pressure\n",


-      "Pa3 = P-Pw3 # Air pressure\n",


-      "W3 = 0.622*(Pw3/Pa3) # Specific humidity\n",


-      "Psa1_1 = 0.7156 # Saturation pressure in kPa\n",


-      "Pw1 = 0.7156 # moister pressure in kPa \n",


-      "Pa1 = P-Pw1 # Air pressure\n",


-      "W1 = 0.622*(Pw1/Pa1)  # Specific humidity\n",


-      "W2 = W1 # Constant humidity process\n",


-      "T3 = 293.0 # Temperature at state 3 in K\n",


-      "Ra = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",


-      "Pa3 = 100.13 # Air pressure at state 3\n",


-      "va3 = (Ra*T3)/Pa3 # volume of air at state 3\n",


-      "SW = (W3-W1)/va3 # spray water \n",


-      "tsat = 9.65 # Saturation temperature in K\n",


-      "hg = 2518.0 # Enthalpy of gas in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h4 = 10.0 # Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "t3 = T3-273\n",


-      "t2 = ( W3*(hg+1.884*(t3-tsat))-W2*(hg-1.884*tsat) + cp*t3 - (W3-W2)*h4 )/ (cp+W2*1.884)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.3\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Mass of spray water required is \",SW ,\" kg moisture/m**3\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Temperature to which air must be heated is \",t2 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.3\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Mass of spray water required is  0.00338125323083  kg moisture/m**3\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Temperature to which air must be heated is  27.0827212424  degree celcius\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 14


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.4:pg-635"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "h1 = 82.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2 = 52.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h3 = 47.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h4 = 40.0# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "W1 = 0.020 # Specific humidity at state 1\n",


-      "W2 = 0.0115# Specific humidity at state 2 \n",


-      "W3 = W2 # Constant humidity process\n",


-      "v1 = 0.887 # Specific volume at state 1\n",


-      "v = 3.33 # amount of free sir circulated\n",


-      "G = v/v1 # air flow rate\n",


-      "CC = (G*(h1-h3)*3600)/14000 # Capacity of the heating Cooling coil\n",


-      "R = G*(W1-W3) # Rate of water vapor removal\n",


-      "HC = G*(h2-h3) #Capacity of the heating coil\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.4\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Capacity of the cooling coil is \",CC ,\" tonnes\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Capacity of the heating coil is \",HC ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Rate of water vapor removal is \",R ,\" kg/s\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.4\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Capacity of the cooling coil is  33.7880496054  tonnes\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Capacity of the heating coil is  18.7711386697  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Rate of water vapor removal is  0.0319109357384  kg/s\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 1


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.5:pg-636"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "W1 = 0.0058 # Humidity ratio for first stream\n",


-      "W2 = 0.0187  # Humidity ratio for second stream\n",


-      "h1 = 35.0 # Enthalpy of first stream in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2 = 90.0# Enthalpy of second stream in kJ/kg\n",


-      "G12 = 1.0/2.0 #ratio\n",


-      "W3 = (W2+G12*W1)/(1+G12) # Final humidity ratio of mixture\n",


-      "h3 = (2.0/3.0)*h2 + (1.0/3.0)*h1# Final enthalpy of mixture\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.5 \\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Final condition of air is given by\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n W3 = \",W3 ,\" kg vap./kg dry air\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n h3 =  \",h3 ,\" kJ/kg dry air\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.5 \n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Final condition of air is given by\n",


-        "\n",


-        " W3 =  0.0144  kg vap./kg dry air\n",


-        "\n",


-        " h3 =   71.6666666667  kJ/kg dry air\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 13


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.6:pg-637"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "t = 21.0 # Temperature in degreee celsius\n",


-      "w = 20.0 # Relative humidity in percentage\n",


-      "t_ = 21.0 # Final temperature of air in degree celsius\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.6 \\n\"\n",


-      "# From the psychrometric chart \n",


-      "T2 = 38.5 # In degree celsius\n",


-      "h1_3 = 60.5-42 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "fi3 = 53.0 # In percentage \n",


-      "t4 = 11.2 # In degree celsius\n",


-      "W1_2 = 0.0153-0.0083 # In kg vap /kg dry air\n",


-      "print \"\\n The temperature of air at the end of the drying process is \",T2 ,\" degree celsius,\\n Heat rejected during the cooling process is \",h1_3 ,\" kJ/kg,\\n The relative humidity is \",fi3 ,\" percent,\\n The dew point temperature at the end of drying process is \",t4 ,\" degree celsius,\\n The moisture removed during the drying process is \",W1_2 ,\" kg vap/kg dry air\""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.6 \n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The temperature of air at the end of the drying process is  38.5  degree celsius,\n",


-        " Heat rejected during the cooling process is  18.5  kJ/kg,\n",


-        " The relative humidity is  53.0  percent,\n",


-        " The dew point temperature at the end of drying process is  11.2  degree celsius,\n",


-        " The moisture removed during the drying process is  0.007  kg vap/kg dry air\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 2


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.7:pg-638"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "h1 = 57.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg \n",


-      "h2 = h1 # Isenthalpic process\n",


-      "h3 = 42.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "W1 = 0.0065 # Humidity ratio at sate 1\n",


-      "W2 = 0.0088 # Humidity ratio at sate 2\n",


-      "W3 = W2 # Constant humidity ratio process\n",


-      "t2 = 34.5 # Temperature at state 2\n",


-      "v1 = 0.896# Specific volume at state 1 in m**3/kg\n",


-      "n = 1500.0 # seating capacity of hall\n",


-      "a = 0.3 # amount of outdoor air supplied m**3 per person\n",


-      "G = (n*a)/0.896  # Amount of dry air supplied\n",


-      "CC = (G*(h2-h3)*60)/14000 # Cooling capacity \n",


-      "R = G*(W2-W1)*60 # Capacity of humidifier\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.7 \\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Capacity of the cooling coil is \",CC ,\" tonnes\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Capacity of humidifier is \",R ,\" kg/h\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.7 \n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Capacity of the cooling coil is  32.2863520408  tonnes\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Capacity of humidifier is  69.3080357143  kg/h\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 3


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.8:pg-639"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "twb1 = 15.2# Wbt in degree Celsius \n",


-      "twb2 = 26.7# Wbt in degree Celsius  \n",


-      "tw3 = 30  # Temperature at state 3 in degree Celsius \n",


-      "h1 = 43 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2 = 83.5 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",


-      "hw = 84 # Enthalpy of water in kJ/kg\n",


-      "mw = 1.15 # mass flow rate of water in kg/s\n",


-      "W1 = 0.0088 # Humidity ratio of inlet stream \n",


-      "W2 = 0.0213 # Humidity ratio of exit stream \n",


-      "hw3 = 125.8 # Enthalpy of water entering tower in kJ/kg \n",


-      "hm = 84 # Enthalpy of make up water in kJ/kg \n",


-      "G = 1 # mass flow rate of dry air in kg/s\n",


-      "hw34 = (G/mw)*((h2-h1)-(W2-W1)*hw)  # Enthalpy change\n",


-      "tw4 = tw3-(hw34/4.19) # Temperature of water leaving the tower\n",


-      "A = tw4-twb1 #Approach of cooling water\n",


-      "R = tw3-tw4 #Range of cooling water\n",


-      "x = G*(W2-W1) #Fraction of water evaporated \n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.8\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Temperature of water leaving the tower is \",tw4 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Range of cooling water is \",R ,\" degree Celsius\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Approach of cooling water is \",A ,\" degree celcius\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Fraction of water evaporated is \",x ,\" kg/kg dry air\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.8\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Temperature of water leaving the tower is  21.8128048148  degree celcius\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Range of cooling water is  8.18719518522  degree Celsius\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Approach of cooling water is  6.61280481478  degree celcius\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Fraction of water evaporated is  0.0125  kg/kg dry air\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 4


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.9:pg-639"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "DBT = 40.0 # Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",


-      "DBT_ = 25.0 # Dry bulb temperature after cooling and dehumidification in degree celsius\n",


-      "RH = 70.0 # Relative humidity in percentage\n",


-      "f = 30.0 # Air flow rate in cmm\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.9 \\n\"\n",


-      "# From the psychrometric chart \n",


-      "v1 = 0.9125 # In m**3/kg\n",


-      "G = f/v1\n",


-      "h5 = 41.5 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "W1 = 0.0182 # In kg vapor/kg dry air \n",


-      "h1 = 86.0 # In kJ/kg d.a.\n",


-      "W2 = 0.0136 # In kg vapor/kg dry air \n",


-      "h2 = 60.0 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "L = G*(h1-h2)/3.5\n",


-      "Mo = G*(W1-W2)\n",


-      "x = (h2-h5)/(h1-h5)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Bypass factor of coolin coil is \",x\n",


-      "# Answer veries due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.9 \n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Bypass factor of coolin coil is  0.415730337079\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 5


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.10:pg-641"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "c = 75.0 # Capacity of classroom in no of perasons\n",


-      "DBT1 = 10.0 # Outdoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",


-      "WBT1 = 8.0 # Outdoor Wet bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",


-      "DBT2 = 20.0 # Indoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",


-      "RH2 = 50.0 # Relative humidity in percentage\n",


-      "x =0.5 # Bypass factor\n",


-      "f = 0.3 # Air flow rate per person in cmm\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.10 \\n\"\n",


-      "# From the psychrometric chart \n",


-      "W1 = 0.0058 # In kg moisture/kg d.a.\n",


-      "h1 = 24.5 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "h2 = 39.5 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "h3 = h2\n",


-      "W3 = 0.0074 # In kg moisture/kg d.a.\n",


-      "t2 = 25.0 # In degree celsius\n",


-      "v1 = .81 # In m**3/kg d.a.\n",


-      "G = f*c/v1\n",


-      "C = G*(h2-h1)/60\n",


-      "t4 = (t2-x*DBT1)/(1-x)\n",


-      "ts = t4\n",


-      "C_H = G*(W3-W1)*60\n",


-      "print \"\\n Capacity of heating coil is \",C ,\" kW,\\n Surface temperature of heating coil is \",ts ,\" degree celsius,\\n Capacity of humidifier is \",C_H ,\" kg/h \""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.10 \n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Capacity of heating coil is  6.94444444444  kW,\n",


-        " Surface temperature of heating coil is  40.0  degree celsius,\n",


-        " Capacity of humidifier is  2.66666666667  kg/h \n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 6


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.11:pg-641"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "DBT = 31.0 # Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",


-      "WBT = 18.5 # Wet bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",


-      "t = 4.4 # Effective surface temperature of coil in degree celsius\n",


-      "RE = 12.5 # Refrigeration effect by the coil in kW\n",


-      "f= 39.6 # Air flow rate in cmm\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.11 \\n\"\n",


-      "# From the fig. given in the example\n",


-      "ws = 5.25 #In g/kg d.a.\n",


-      "hs = 17.7 #In kJ/kg d.a.\n",


-      "v1 = 0.872 # In m**3/kg d.a.\n",


-      "h1 = 52.5 # In kJ/kg d.a.\n",


-      "w1 = 8.2 # In g/kg d.a.\n",


-      "G = f/v1\n",


-      "h2 = h1-(RE*60)/G\n",


-      "w2 = w1-((h1-h2)/(h1-hs))*(w1-ws)\n",


-      "# From the psychrometric chart\n",


-      "t2 = 18.6 # In degree celsius\n",


-      "t_ = 12.5 # In degree celsius\n",


-      "x = (h2-hs)/(h1-hs)\n",


-      "print \"\\n DBT of air leaving the coil is \",t2 ,\" degree celsius,\\n WBT of air leaving the coil is \",t_ ,\" degree celsius,\\n Coil bypass factor is \",x  \n",


-      "# Answer veries due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.11 \n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " DBT of air leaving the coil is  18.6  degree celsius,\n",


-        " WBT of air leaving the coil is  12.5  degree celsius,\n",


-        " Coil bypass factor is  0.525426680599\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 8


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.12:pg-641"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "c = 75.0 # Capacity of classroom in no of perasons\n",


-      "DBT1 = 35.0 # Outdoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",


-      "RH1 = 70.0 # Outdoor relative humidity in percentage\n",


-      "DBT2 = 20.0 # Indoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius \n",


-      "RH1 = 60.0 # Indoor relative humidity in percentage\n",


-      "DPT = 10.0 # Cooling coil dew point temperature in degree celsius\n",


-      "x =0.25 # Bypass factor\n",


-      "f = 300.0 # Air flow rate in cmm\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.12 \\n\"\n",


-      "# From the psychrometric chart \n",


-      "W1 = 0.0246 # In kg vap./kg d.a.\n",


-      "h1 = 98.0 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "v1 = 0.907 # In m**3/kg d.a.\n",


-      "h3 = 42.0 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "W3 = 0.0088 # In kg moisture/kg d.a.\n",


-      "h2 = 34.0 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "hs = 30.0 # In kJ/kg\n",


-      "t2 = 12.0 # In degree celsius\n",


-      "G = f/v1\n",


-      "C = G*(h1-h2)/(60*3.5)\n",


-      "X = (h2-hs)/(h1-hs)\n",


-      "C_ = G*(h3-h2)/60\n",


-      "t4 = (DBT2-x*t2)/(1-x)\n",


-      "C_H = G*(W1-W3)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Capacity of cooling coil is \",C ,\" tonnes,\\n Bypass factor of cooling coil is \",X ,\",\\n Capacity of heating coil is \",t4 ,\" kW,\\n Surface temperature of heating coil is \",C_ ,\" degree celsius,\\n Mass of water vapor removed is \",C_H ,\" kg/min \"\n",


-      "#Answers veries due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        " \n",


-        " Example 15.12 \n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Capacity of cooling coil is  100.803276106  tonnes,\n",


-        " Bypass factor of cooling coil is  0.0588235294118 ,\n",


-        " Capacity of heating coil is  22.6666666667  kW,\n",


-        " Surface temperature of heating coil is  44.1014332966  degree celsius,\n",


-        " Mass of water vapor removed is  5.22601984564  kg/min \n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 10


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex15.13:pg-641"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# at 15 degree Celsius\n",


-      "Psat1 = 0.01705  # Saturation pressure in bar\n",


-      "hg1 = 2528.9 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",


-      "# At 35 degree Celsius\n",


-      "Psat2 = 0.05628 # Saturation pressure in bar\n",


-      "hg2 = 2565.3 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",


-      "fi1 = 0.55# Humidity ratio at state 1\n",


-      "Pw1 = fi1*Psat1 # water vapor pressure at state 1\n",


-      "fi2 = 1.0 # Humidity ratio at state 2\n",


-      "Pw2 = fi2*Psat2 # water vapor pressure at state 2 \n",


-      "P = 0.1 # Atmospheric pressure in MPa\n",


-      "W1 = (0.622*Pw1)/(P*10-Pw1)\n",


-      "W2 = (0.622*Pw2)/(P*10-Pw2)\n",


-      "MW = W2-W1 # unit mass flow rate of water\n",


-      "t2 = 35.0 # Air exit temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "t1 = 14.0 # make up water inlet temperature in degree Celsius \n",


-      "m_dot = 2.78 # water flow rate in kg/s\n",


-      "cpa = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity ratio in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h43 = 35*4.187 # Enthalpy change\n",


-      "h5 = 14*4.187 # Enthalpy at state 5in kJ/kg\n",


-      "m_dot_w = (-(W2-W1)*h5 - W1*hg1 + W2*hg2 + cpa*(t2-t1))/(h43) \n",


-      "R = m_dot/m_dot_w \n",


-      "MW = (W2-W1)*R #Make up water flow rate\n",


-      "RWA = R*(1+W1)\n",


-      "R = 0.287 # Gas constant \n",


-      "V_dot = (RWA*R*(t1+273))/(P*1e03)  # Volume flow rate of air\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 15.13\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Make up water flow rate is \",MW ,\" kg/s\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Volume flow rate of air is \",V_dot ,\" m**3/s\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 15.13\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Make up water flow rate is  0.127715382722  kg/s\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Volume flow rate of air is  3.39095173631  m**3/s\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 11


-    }


-   ],


-   "metadata": {}


-  }


- ]


-}
\ No newline at end of file
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 15:Psychrometrics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.1:pg-631"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.1\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Specific humidity is  0.0186241999923  kg vap./kg dry air\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Partial pressure of water vapour is  0.0294557080928  bar\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Dew point temperature is  24.1  degree celcius\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Relative humidity is  61.3660585267  percent \n",
+      "\n",
+      " Degree of saturation is  0.602092639086\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Density of dry air is  1.12382965889  kg/m**3\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Density of water vapor is  0.0209304283244  kg/m**3\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Enthalpy of the mixture is  80.1126961785  kJ/kg\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "Ps = 0.033363 #Saturation pressure in bar\n",
+    "P = 1.0132 # Atmospheric pressure in bar\n",
+    "W2 = (0.622*Ps)/(P-Ps) # mass fraction of moisture\n",
+    "hfg2 = 2439.9 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
+    "hf2 = 109.1 # Enthalpy of liquid moisture in kJ/kg\n",
+    "cpa = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity in kJ/kg\n",
+    "hg = 2559.9 # Enthalpy of gas moisture in kJ/kg\n",
+    "hw1 = hg # constant enthalpy\n",
+    "T2 = 26 # wbt in degree Celsius \n",
+    "T1 = 32 # dbt in degree Celsius \n",
+    "W1 = (cpa*(T2-T1)+(W2*hfg2))/(hw1-hf2)\n",
+    "Pw = ((W1/0.622)*P)/(1+(W1/0.622))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Psat = 0.048 # Saturation pressure in bar at 32 degree\n",
+    "fi = Pw/Psat # Relative humidity\n",
+    "\n",
+    "mu = (Pw/Psat)*((P-Psat)/(P-Pw)) # Degree of Saturation\n",
+    "Pa = P-Pw # Air pressure\n",
+    "Ra = 0.287 # Gase constant\n",
+    "Tdb = T1+273 #  dbt in K\n",
+    "rho_a = (Pa*100)/(Ra*Tdb) # Density of air \n",
+    "rho_w = W1*rho_a # Water vapor density\n",
+    "ta = 32 # air temperature in degree Celsius  \n",
+    "tdb = 32 # dbt in degree Celsius \n",
+    "tdp = 24.1# Dew point temperature in degree Celsius \n",
+    "h = cpa*ta + W1*(hg+1.88*(tdb-tdp))\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.1\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Specific humidity is \",W1 ,\" kg vap./kg dry air\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Partial pressure of water vapour is \",Pw ,\" bar\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Dew point temperature is \",tdp ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Relative humidity is \",fi*100 ,\" percent \"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Degree of saturation is \",mu\n",
+    "print \"\\n Density of dry air is \",rho_a ,\" kg/m**3\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Density of water vapor is \",rho_w ,\" kg/m**3\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Enthalpy of the mixture is \",h ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.2:pg-632"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.2\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Humidity ratio of inlet mixture is  0.0107221417941  kg vap./kg dry air\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Relative humidity is  39.9106245278  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "Ps = 2.339 # Satutation pressure in kPa\n",
+    "P = 100.0 # Atmospheric pressure in kPa\n",
+    "W2 = (0.622*Ps)/(P-Ps) # Specific humidity\n",
+    "hfg2 = 2454.1 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
+    "hf2 = 83.96 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
+    "cpa = 1.005 # COnstant pressure heat capacity of air\n",
+    "hw1 = 2556.3# ENthalpy of water\n",
+    "T2 = 20.0  # Exit tempeature of mixture in degree Celsius\n",
+    "T1 = 30.0 # Inlet tempeature of mixture in degree Celsius\n",
+    "W1 = (cpa*(T2-T1)+(W2*hfg2))/(hw1-hf2) # Specific humidity at inlet\n",
+    "Pw1 = ((W1/0.622)*P)/(1+(W1/0.622)) # pressure due to moisture\n",
+    "Ps1 = 4.246 # Saturation pressure in kPa\n",
+    "fi = (Pw1/Ps1) # Humidity ratio \n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.2\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Humidity ratio of inlet mixture is \",W1 ,\" kg vap./kg dry air\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Relative humidity is \",fi*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.3:pg-633"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Mass of spray water required is  0.00338125323083  kg moisture/m**3\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Temperature to which air must be heated is  27.0827212424  degree celcius\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "Psat = 2.339 # Saturation pressure in kPa\n",
+    "fi3 = 0.50 # Humidity ratio\n",
+    "P = 101.3 # Atmospheric pressure in kPa\n",
+    "cp = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat addition in kJ/kg\n",
+    "Pw3 = fi3*Psat # Vapor pressure\n",
+    "Pa3 = P-Pw3 # Air pressure\n",
+    "W3 = 0.622*(Pw3/Pa3) # Specific humidity\n",
+    "Psa1_1 = 0.7156 # Saturation pressure in kPa\n",
+    "Pw1 = 0.7156 # moister pressure in kPa \n",
+    "Pa1 = P-Pw1 # Air pressure\n",
+    "W1 = 0.622*(Pw1/Pa1)  # Specific humidity\n",
+    "W2 = W1 # Constant humidity process\n",
+    "T3 = 293.0 # Temperature at state 3 in K\n",
+    "Ra = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
+    "Pa3 = 100.13 # Air pressure at state 3\n",
+    "va3 = (Ra*T3)/Pa3 # volume of air at state 3\n",
+    "SW = (W3-W1)/va3 # spray water \n",
+    "tsat = 9.65 # Saturation temperature in K\n",
+    "hg = 2518.0 # Enthalpy of gas in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4 = 10.0 # Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "t3 = T3-273\n",
+    "t2 = ( W3*(hg+1.884*(t3-tsat))-W2*(hg-1.884*tsat) + cp*t3 - (W3-W2)*h4 )/ (cp+W2*1.884)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.3\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Mass of spray water required is \",SW ,\" kg moisture/m**3\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Temperature to which air must be heated is \",t2 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.4:pg-635"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.4\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Capacity of the cooling coil is  33.7880496054  tonnes\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Capacity of the heating coil is  18.7711386697  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Rate of water vapor removal is  0.0319109357384  kg/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "h1 = 82.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = 52.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3 = 47.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h4 = 40.0# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "W1 = 0.020 # Specific humidity at state 1\n",
+    "W2 = 0.0115# Specific humidity at state 2 \n",
+    "W3 = W2 # Constant humidity process\n",
+    "v1 = 0.887 # Specific volume at state 1\n",
+    "v = 3.33 # amount of free sir circulated\n",
+    "G = v/v1 # air flow rate\n",
+    "CC = (G*(h1-h3)*3600)/14000 # Capacity of the heating Cooling coil\n",
+    "R = G*(W1-W3) # Rate of water vapor removal\n",
+    "HC = G*(h2-h3) #Capacity of the heating coil\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.4\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Capacity of the cooling coil is \",CC ,\" tonnes\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Capacity of the heating coil is \",HC ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Rate of water vapor removal is \",R ,\" kg/s\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.5:pg-636"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.5 \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Final condition of air is given by\n",
+      "\n",
+      " W3 =  0.0144  kg vap./kg dry air\n",
+      "\n",
+      " h3 =   71.6666666667  kJ/kg dry air\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "W1 = 0.0058 # Humidity ratio for first stream\n",
+    "W2 = 0.0187  # Humidity ratio for second stream\n",
+    "h1 = 35.0 # Enthalpy of first stream in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = 90.0# Enthalpy of second stream in kJ/kg\n",
+    "G12 = 1.0/2.0 #ratio\n",
+    "W3 = (W2+G12*W1)/(1+G12) # Final humidity ratio of mixture\n",
+    "h3 = (2.0/3.0)*h2 + (1.0/3.0)*h1# Final enthalpy of mixture\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.5 \\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Final condition of air is given by\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n W3 = \",W3 ,\" kg vap./kg dry air\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n h3 =  \",h3 ,\" kJ/kg dry air\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.6:pg-637"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.6 \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The temperature of air at the end of the drying process is  38.5  degree celsius,\n",
+      " Heat rejected during the cooling process is  18.5  kJ/kg,\n",
+      " The relative humidity is  53.0  percent,\n",
+      " The dew point temperature at the end of drying process is  11.2  degree celsius,\n",
+      " The moisture removed during the drying process is  0.007  kg vap/kg dry air\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "t = 21.0 # Temperature in degreee celsius\n",
+    "w = 20.0 # Relative humidity in percentage\n",
+    "t_ = 21.0 # Final temperature of air in degree celsius\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.6 \\n\"\n",
+    "# From the psychrometric chart \n",
+    "T2 = 38.5 # In degree celsius\n",
+    "h1_3 = 60.5-42 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "fi3 = 53.0 # In percentage \n",
+    "t4 = 11.2 # In degree celsius\n",
+    "W1_2 = 0.0153-0.0083 # In kg vap /kg dry air\n",
+    "print \"\\n The temperature of air at the end of the drying process is \",T2 ,\" degree celsius,\\n Heat rejected during the cooling process is \",h1_3 ,\" kJ/kg,\\n The relative humidity is \",fi3 ,\" percent,\\n The dew point temperature at the end of drying process is \",t4 ,\" degree celsius,\\n The moisture removed during the drying process is \",W1_2 ,\" kg vap/kg dry air\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.7:pg-638"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.7 \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Capacity of the cooling coil is  32.2863520408  tonnes\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Capacity of humidifier is  69.3080357143  kg/h\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "h1 = 57.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg \n",
+    "h2 = h1 # Isenthalpic process\n",
+    "h3 = 42.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "W1 = 0.0065 # Humidity ratio at sate 1\n",
+    "W2 = 0.0088 # Humidity ratio at sate 2\n",
+    "W3 = W2 # Constant humidity ratio process\n",
+    "t2 = 34.5 # Temperature at state 2\n",
+    "v1 = 0.896# Specific volume at state 1 in m**3/kg\n",
+    "n = 1500.0 # seating capacity of hall\n",
+    "a = 0.3 # amount of outdoor air supplied m**3 per person\n",
+    "G = (n*a)/0.896  # Amount of dry air supplied\n",
+    "CC = (G*(h2-h3)*60)/14000 # Cooling capacity \n",
+    "R = G*(W2-W1)*60 # Capacity of humidifier\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.7 \\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Capacity of the cooling coil is \",CC ,\" tonnes\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Capacity of humidifier is \",R ,\" kg/h\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.8:pg-639"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.8\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Temperature of water leaving the tower is  21.8128048148  degree celcius\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Range of cooling water is  8.18719518522  degree Celsius\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Approach of cooling water is  6.61280481478  degree celcius\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Fraction of water evaporated is  0.0125  kg/kg dry air\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "twb1 = 15.2# Wbt in degree Celsius \n",
+    "twb2 = 26.7# Wbt in degree Celsius  \n",
+    "tw3 = 30  # Temperature at state 3 in degree Celsius \n",
+    "h1 = 43 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = 83.5 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
+    "hw = 84 # Enthalpy of water in kJ/kg\n",
+    "mw = 1.15 # mass flow rate of water in kg/s\n",
+    "W1 = 0.0088 # Humidity ratio of inlet stream \n",
+    "W2 = 0.0213 # Humidity ratio of exit stream \n",
+    "hw3 = 125.8 # Enthalpy of water entering tower in kJ/kg \n",
+    "hm = 84 # Enthalpy of make up water in kJ/kg \n",
+    "G = 1 # mass flow rate of dry air in kg/s\n",
+    "hw34 = (G/mw)*((h2-h1)-(W2-W1)*hw)  # Enthalpy change\n",
+    "tw4 = tw3-(hw34/4.19) # Temperature of water leaving the tower\n",
+    "A = tw4-twb1 #Approach of cooling water\n",
+    "R = tw3-tw4 #Range of cooling water\n",
+    "x = G*(W2-W1) #Fraction of water evaporated \n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.8\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Temperature of water leaving the tower is \",tw4 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Range of cooling water is \",R ,\" degree Celsius\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Approach of cooling water is \",A ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Fraction of water evaporated is \",x ,\" kg/kg dry air\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.9:pg-639"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.9 \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Bypass factor of coolin coil is  0.415730337079\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "DBT = 40.0 # Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
+    "DBT_ = 25.0 # Dry bulb temperature after cooling and dehumidification in degree celsius\n",
+    "RH = 70.0 # Relative humidity in percentage\n",
+    "f = 30.0 # Air flow rate in cmm\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.9 \\n\"\n",
+    "# From the psychrometric chart \n",
+    "v1 = 0.9125 # In m**3/kg\n",
+    "G = f/v1\n",
+    "h5 = 41.5 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "W1 = 0.0182 # In kg vapor/kg dry air \n",
+    "h1 = 86.0 # In kJ/kg d.a.\n",
+    "W2 = 0.0136 # In kg vapor/kg dry air \n",
+    "h2 = 60.0 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "L = G*(h1-h2)/3.5\n",
+    "Mo = G*(W1-W2)\n",
+    "x = (h2-h5)/(h1-h5)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Bypass factor of coolin coil is \",x\n",
+    "# Answer veries due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.10:pg-641"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.10 \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Capacity of heating coil is  6.94444444444  kW,\n",
+      " Surface temperature of heating coil is  40.0  degree celsius,\n",
+      " Capacity of humidifier is  2.66666666667  kg/h \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "c = 75.0 # Capacity of classroom in no of perasons\n",
+    "DBT1 = 10.0 # Outdoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
+    "WBT1 = 8.0 # Outdoor Wet bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
+    "DBT2 = 20.0 # Indoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
+    "RH2 = 50.0 # Relative humidity in percentage\n",
+    "x =0.5 # Bypass factor\n",
+    "f = 0.3 # Air flow rate per person in cmm\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.10 \\n\"\n",
+    "# From the psychrometric chart \n",
+    "W1 = 0.0058 # In kg moisture/kg d.a.\n",
+    "h1 = 24.5 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "h2 = 39.5 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "h3 = h2\n",
+    "W3 = 0.0074 # In kg moisture/kg d.a.\n",
+    "t2 = 25.0 # In degree celsius\n",
+    "v1 = .81 # In m**3/kg d.a.\n",
+    "G = f*c/v1\n",
+    "C = G*(h2-h1)/60\n",
+    "t4 = (t2-x*DBT1)/(1-x)\n",
+    "ts = t4\n",
+    "C_H = G*(W3-W1)*60\n",
+    "print \"\\n Capacity of heating coil is \",C ,\" kW,\\n Surface temperature of heating coil is \",ts ,\" degree celsius,\\n Capacity of humidifier is \",C_H ,\" kg/h \""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.11:pg-641"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.11 \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " DBT of air leaving the coil is  18.6  degree celsius,\n",
+      " WBT of air leaving the coil is  12.5  degree celsius,\n",
+      " Coil bypass factor is  0.525426680599\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "DBT = 31.0 # Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
+    "WBT = 18.5 # Wet bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
+    "t = 4.4 # Effective surface temperature of coil in degree celsius\n",
+    "RE = 12.5 # Refrigeration effect by the coil in kW\n",
+    "f= 39.6 # Air flow rate in cmm\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.11 \\n\"\n",
+    "# From the fig. given in the example\n",
+    "ws = 5.25 #In g/kg d.a.\n",
+    "hs = 17.7 #In kJ/kg d.a.\n",
+    "v1 = 0.872 # In m**3/kg d.a.\n",
+    "h1 = 52.5 # In kJ/kg d.a.\n",
+    "w1 = 8.2 # In g/kg d.a.\n",
+    "G = f/v1\n",
+    "h2 = h1-(RE*60)/G\n",
+    "w2 = w1-((h1-h2)/(h1-hs))*(w1-ws)\n",
+    "# From the psychrometric chart\n",
+    "t2 = 18.6 # In degree celsius\n",
+    "t_ = 12.5 # In degree celsius\n",
+    "x = (h2-hs)/(h1-hs)\n",
+    "print \"\\n DBT of air leaving the coil is \",t2 ,\" degree celsius,\\n WBT of air leaving the coil is \",t_ ,\" degree celsius,\\n Coil bypass factor is \",x  \n",
+    "# Answer veries due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.12:pg-641"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.12 \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Capacity of cooling coil is  100.803276106  tonnes,\n",
+      " Bypass factor of cooling coil is  0.0588235294118 ,\n",
+      " Capacity of heating coil is  22.6666666667  kW,\n",
+      " Surface temperature of heating coil is  44.1014332966  degree celsius,\n",
+      " Mass of water vapor removed is  5.22601984564  kg/min \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "c = 75.0 # Capacity of classroom in no of perasons\n",
+    "DBT1 = 35.0 # Outdoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
+    "RH1 = 70.0 # Outdoor relative humidity in percentage\n",
+    "DBT2 = 20.0 # Indoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius \n",
+    "RH1 = 60.0 # Indoor relative humidity in percentage\n",
+    "DPT = 10.0 # Cooling coil dew point temperature in degree celsius\n",
+    "x =0.25 # Bypass factor\n",
+    "f = 300.0 # Air flow rate in cmm\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.12 \\n\"\n",
+    "# From the psychrometric chart \n",
+    "W1 = 0.0246 # In kg vap./kg d.a.\n",
+    "h1 = 98.0 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "v1 = 0.907 # In m**3/kg d.a.\n",
+    "h3 = 42.0 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "W3 = 0.0088 # In kg moisture/kg d.a.\n",
+    "h2 = 34.0 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "hs = 30.0 # In kJ/kg\n",
+    "t2 = 12.0 # In degree celsius\n",
+    "G = f/v1\n",
+    "C = G*(h1-h2)/(60*3.5)\n",
+    "X = (h2-hs)/(h1-hs)\n",
+    "C_ = G*(h3-h2)/60\n",
+    "t4 = (DBT2-x*t2)/(1-x)\n",
+    "C_H = G*(W1-W3)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Capacity of cooling coil is \",C ,\" tonnes,\\n Bypass factor of cooling coil is \",X ,\",\\n Capacity of heating coil is \",t4 ,\" kW,\\n Surface temperature of heating coil is \",C_ ,\" degree celsius,\\n Mass of water vapor removed is \",C_H ,\" kg/min \"\n",
+    "#Answers veries due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.13:pg-641"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 15.13\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Make up water flow rate is  0.127715382722  kg/s\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Volume flow rate of air is  3.39095173631  m**3/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# at 15 degree Celsius\n",
+    "Psat1 = 0.01705  # Saturation pressure in bar\n",
+    "hg1 = 2528.9 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
+    "# At 35 degree Celsius\n",
+    "Psat2 = 0.05628 # Saturation pressure in bar\n",
+    "hg2 = 2565.3 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
+    "fi1 = 0.55# Humidity ratio at state 1\n",
+    "Pw1 = fi1*Psat1 # water vapor pressure at state 1\n",
+    "fi2 = 1.0 # Humidity ratio at state 2\n",
+    "Pw2 = fi2*Psat2 # water vapor pressure at state 2 \n",
+    "P = 0.1 # Atmospheric pressure in MPa\n",
+    "W1 = (0.622*Pw1)/(P*10-Pw1)\n",
+    "W2 = (0.622*Pw2)/(P*10-Pw2)\n",
+    "MW = W2-W1 # unit mass flow rate of water\n",
+    "t2 = 35.0 # Air exit temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "t1 = 14.0 # make up water inlet temperature in degree Celsius \n",
+    "m_dot = 2.78 # water flow rate in kg/s\n",
+    "cpa = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity ratio in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h43 = 35*4.187 # Enthalpy change\n",
+    "h5 = 14*4.187 # Enthalpy at state 5in kJ/kg\n",
+    "m_dot_w = (-(W2-W1)*h5 - W1*hg1 + W2*hg2 + cpa*(t2-t1))/(h43) \n",
+    "R = m_dot/m_dot_w \n",
+    "MW = (W2-W1)*R #Make up water flow rate\n",
+    "RWA = R*(1+W1)\n",
+    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant \n",
+    "V_dot = (RWA*R*(t1+273))/(P*1e03)  # Volume flow rate of air\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 15.13\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Make up water flow rate is \",MW ,\" kg/s\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Volume flow rate of air is \",V_dot ,\" m**3/s\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter15_teB3fFs.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter15_teB3fFs.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f64e81fc..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter15_teB3fFs.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,760 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15:Psychrometrics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.1:pg-631"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Specific humidity is  0.0186241999923  kg vap./kg dry air\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Partial pressure of water vapour is  0.0294557080928  bar\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Dew point temperature is  24.1  degree celcius\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Relative humidity is  61.3660585267  percent \n",
-      "\n",
-      " Degree of saturation is  0.602092639086\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Density of dry air is  1.12382965889  kg/m**3\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Density of water vapor is  0.0209304283244  kg/m**3\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Enthalpy of the mixture is  80.1126961785  kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Ps = 0.033363 #Saturation pressure in bar\n",
-    "P = 1.0132 # Atmospheric pressure in bar\n",
-    "W2 = (0.622*Ps)/(P-Ps) # mass fraction of moisture\n",
-    "hfg2 = 2439.9 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hf2 = 109.1 # Enthalpy of liquid moisture in kJ/kg\n",
-    "cpa = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hg = 2559.9 # Enthalpy of gas moisture in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hw1 = hg # constant enthalpy\n",
-    "T2 = 26 # wbt in degree Celsius \n",
-    "T1 = 32 # dbt in degree Celsius \n",
-    "W1 = (cpa*(T2-T1)+(W2*hfg2))/(hw1-hf2)\n",
-    "Pw = ((W1/0.622)*P)/(1+(W1/0.622))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Psat = 0.048 # Saturation pressure in bar at 32 degree\n",
-    "fi = Pw/Psat # Relative humidity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "mu = (Pw/Psat)*((P-Psat)/(P-Pw)) # Degree of Saturation\n",
-    "Pa = P-Pw # Air pressure\n",
-    "Ra = 0.287 # Gase constant\n",
-    "Tdb = T1+273 #  dbt in K\n",
-    "rho_a = (Pa*100)/(Ra*Tdb) # Density of air \n",
-    "rho_w = W1*rho_a # Water vapor density\n",
-    "ta = 32 # air temperature in degree Celsius  \n",
-    "tdb = 32 # dbt in degree Celsius \n",
-    "tdp = 24.1# Dew point temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "h = cpa*ta + W1*(hg+1.88*(tdb-tdp))\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.1\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Specific humidity is \",W1 ,\" kg vap./kg dry air\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Partial pressure of water vapour is \",Pw ,\" bar\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Dew point temperature is \",tdp ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Relative humidity is \",fi*100 ,\" percent \"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Degree of saturation is \",mu\n",
-    "print \"\\n Density of dry air is \",rho_a ,\" kg/m**3\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Density of water vapor is \",rho_w ,\" kg/m**3\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Enthalpy of the mixture is \",h ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.2:pg-632"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Humidity ratio of inlet mixture is  0.0107221417941  kg vap./kg dry air\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Relative humidity is  39.9106245278  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Ps = 2.339 # Satutation pressure in kPa\n",
-    "P = 100.0 # Atmospheric pressure in kPa\n",
-    "W2 = (0.622*Ps)/(P-Ps) # Specific humidity\n",
-    "hfg2 = 2454.1 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hf2 = 83.96 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
-    "cpa = 1.005 # COnstant pressure heat capacity of air\n",
-    "hw1 = 2556.3# ENthalpy of water\n",
-    "T2 = 20.0  # Exit tempeature of mixture in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T1 = 30.0 # Inlet tempeature of mixture in degree Celsius\n",
-    "W1 = (cpa*(T2-T1)+(W2*hfg2))/(hw1-hf2) # Specific humidity at inlet\n",
-    "Pw1 = ((W1/0.622)*P)/(1+(W1/0.622)) # pressure due to moisture\n",
-    "Ps1 = 4.246 # Saturation pressure in kPa\n",
-    "fi = (Pw1/Ps1) # Humidity ratio \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.2\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Humidity ratio of inlet mixture is \",W1 ,\" kg vap./kg dry air\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Relative humidity is \",fi*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.3:pg-633"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mass of spray water required is  0.00338125323083  kg moisture/m**3\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Temperature to which air must be heated is  27.0827212424  degree celcius\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Psat = 2.339 # Saturation pressure in kPa\n",
-    "fi3 = 0.50 # Humidity ratio\n",
-    "P = 101.3 # Atmospheric pressure in kPa\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat addition in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Pw3 = fi3*Psat # Vapor pressure\n",
-    "Pa3 = P-Pw3 # Air pressure\n",
-    "W3 = 0.622*(Pw3/Pa3) # Specific humidity\n",
-    "Psa1_1 = 0.7156 # Saturation pressure in kPa\n",
-    "Pw1 = 0.7156 # moister pressure in kPa \n",
-    "Pa1 = P-Pw1 # Air pressure\n",
-    "W1 = 0.622*(Pw1/Pa1)  # Specific humidity\n",
-    "W2 = W1 # Constant humidity process\n",
-    "T3 = 293.0 # Temperature at state 3 in K\n",
-    "Ra = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "Pa3 = 100.13 # Air pressure at state 3\n",
-    "va3 = (Ra*T3)/Pa3 # volume of air at state 3\n",
-    "SW = (W3-W1)/va3 # spray water \n",
-    "tsat = 9.65 # Saturation temperature in K\n",
-    "hg = 2518.0 # Enthalpy of gas in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4 = 10.0 # Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "t3 = T3-273\n",
-    "t2 = ( W3*(hg+1.884*(t3-tsat))-W2*(hg-1.884*tsat) + cp*t3 - (W3-W2)*h4 )/ (cp+W2*1.884)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.3\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mass of spray water required is \",SW ,\" kg moisture/m**3\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Temperature to which air must be heated is \",t2 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.4:pg-635"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Capacity of the cooling coil is  33.7880496054  tonnes\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Capacity of the heating coil is  18.7711386697  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Rate of water vapor removal is  0.0319109357384  kg/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h1 = 82.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = 52.0 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3 = 47.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h4 = 40.0# Enthalpy at state 4 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "W1 = 0.020 # Specific humidity at state 1\n",
-    "W2 = 0.0115# Specific humidity at state 2 \n",
-    "W3 = W2 # Constant humidity process\n",
-    "v1 = 0.887 # Specific volume at state 1\n",
-    "v = 3.33 # amount of free sir circulated\n",
-    "G = v/v1 # air flow rate\n",
-    "CC = (G*(h1-h3)*3600)/14000 # Capacity of the heating Cooling coil\n",
-    "R = G*(W1-W3) # Rate of water vapor removal\n",
-    "HC = G*(h2-h3) #Capacity of the heating coil\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.4\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Capacity of the cooling coil is \",CC ,\" tonnes\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Capacity of the heating coil is \",HC ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Rate of water vapor removal is \",R ,\" kg/s\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.5:pg-636"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.5 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Final condition of air is given by\n",
-      "\n",
-      " W3 =  0.0144  kg vap./kg dry air\n",
-      "\n",
-      " h3 =   71.6666666667  kJ/kg dry air\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 0.0058 # Humidity ratio for first stream\n",
-    "W2 = 0.0187  # Humidity ratio for second stream\n",
-    "h1 = 35.0 # Enthalpy of first stream in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = 90.0# Enthalpy of second stream in kJ/kg\n",
-    "G12 = 1.0/2.0 #ratio\n",
-    "W3 = (W2+G12*W1)/(1+G12) # Final humidity ratio of mixture\n",
-    "h3 = (2.0/3.0)*h2 + (1.0/3.0)*h1# Final enthalpy of mixture\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.5 \\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Final condition of air is given by\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n W3 = \",W3 ,\" kg vap./kg dry air\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n h3 =  \",h3 ,\" kJ/kg dry air\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.6:pg-637"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.6 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The temperature of air at the end of the drying process is  38.5  degree celsius,\n",
-      " Heat rejected during the cooling process is  18.5  kJ/kg,\n",
-      " The relative humidity is  53.0  percent,\n",
-      " The dew point temperature at the end of drying process is  11.2  degree celsius,\n",
-      " The moisture removed during the drying process is  0.007  kg vap/kg dry air\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "t = 21.0 # Temperature in degreee celsius\n",
-    "w = 20.0 # Relative humidity in percentage\n",
-    "t_ = 21.0 # Final temperature of air in degree celsius\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.6 \\n\"\n",
-    "# From the psychrometric chart \n",
-    "T2 = 38.5 # In degree celsius\n",
-    "h1_3 = 60.5-42 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "fi3 = 53.0 # In percentage \n",
-    "t4 = 11.2 # In degree celsius\n",
-    "W1_2 = 0.0153-0.0083 # In kg vap /kg dry air\n",
-    "print \"\\n The temperature of air at the end of the drying process is \",T2 ,\" degree celsius,\\n Heat rejected during the cooling process is \",h1_3 ,\" kJ/kg,\\n The relative humidity is \",fi3 ,\" percent,\\n The dew point temperature at the end of drying process is \",t4 ,\" degree celsius,\\n The moisture removed during the drying process is \",W1_2 ,\" kg vap/kg dry air\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.7:pg-638"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.7 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Capacity of the cooling coil is  32.2863520408  tonnes\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Capacity of humidifier is  69.3080357143  kg/h\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h1 = 57.0 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg \n",
-    "h2 = h1 # Isenthalpic process\n",
-    "h3 = 42.0 # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "W1 = 0.0065 # Humidity ratio at sate 1\n",
-    "W2 = 0.0088 # Humidity ratio at sate 2\n",
-    "W3 = W2 # Constant humidity ratio process\n",
-    "t2 = 34.5 # Temperature at state 2\n",
-    "v1 = 0.896# Specific volume at state 1 in m**3/kg\n",
-    "n = 1500.0 # seating capacity of hall\n",
-    "a = 0.3 # amount of outdoor air supplied m**3 per person\n",
-    "G = (n*a)/0.896  # Amount of dry air supplied\n",
-    "CC = (G*(h2-h3)*60)/14000 # Cooling capacity \n",
-    "R = G*(W2-W1)*60 # Capacity of humidifier\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.7 \\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Capacity of the cooling coil is \",CC ,\" tonnes\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Capacity of humidifier is \",R ,\" kg/h\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.8:pg-639"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Temperature of water leaving the tower is  21.8128048148  degree celcius\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Range of cooling water is  8.18719518522  degree Celsius\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Approach of cooling water is  6.61280481478  degree celcius\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Fraction of water evaporated is  0.0125  kg/kg dry air\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "twb1 = 15.2# Wbt in degree Celsius \n",
-    "twb2 = 26.7# Wbt in degree Celsius  \n",
-    "tw3 = 30  # Temperature at state 3 in degree Celsius \n",
-    "h1 = 43 # Enthalpy at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = 83.5 # Enthalpy at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hw = 84 # Enthalpy of water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "mw = 1.15 # mass flow rate of water in kg/s\n",
-    "W1 = 0.0088 # Humidity ratio of inlet stream \n",
-    "W2 = 0.0213 # Humidity ratio of exit stream \n",
-    "hw3 = 125.8 # Enthalpy of water entering tower in kJ/kg \n",
-    "hm = 84 # Enthalpy of make up water in kJ/kg \n",
-    "G = 1 # mass flow rate of dry air in kg/s\n",
-    "hw34 = (G/mw)*((h2-h1)-(W2-W1)*hw)  # Enthalpy change\n",
-    "tw4 = tw3-(hw34/4.19) # Temperature of water leaving the tower\n",
-    "A = tw4-twb1 #Approach of cooling water\n",
-    "R = tw3-tw4 #Range of cooling water\n",
-    "x = G*(W2-W1) #Fraction of water evaporated \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.8\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Temperature of water leaving the tower is \",tw4 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Range of cooling water is \",R ,\" degree Celsius\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Approach of cooling water is \",A ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Fraction of water evaporated is \",x ,\" kg/kg dry air\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.9:pg-639"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.9 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Bypass factor of coolin coil is  0.415730337079\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "DBT = 40.0 # Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
-    "DBT_ = 25.0 # Dry bulb temperature after cooling and dehumidification in degree celsius\n",
-    "RH = 70.0 # Relative humidity in percentage\n",
-    "f = 30.0 # Air flow rate in cmm\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.9 \\n\"\n",
-    "# From the psychrometric chart \n",
-    "v1 = 0.9125 # In m**3/kg\n",
-    "G = f/v1\n",
-    "h5 = 41.5 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "W1 = 0.0182 # In kg vapor/kg dry air \n",
-    "h1 = 86.0 # In kJ/kg d.a.\n",
-    "W2 = 0.0136 # In kg vapor/kg dry air \n",
-    "h2 = 60.0 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "L = G*(h1-h2)/3.5\n",
-    "Mo = G*(W1-W2)\n",
-    "x = (h2-h5)/(h1-h5)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Bypass factor of coolin coil is \",x\n",
-    "# Answer veries due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.10:pg-641"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.10 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Capacity of heating coil is  6.94444444444  kW,\n",
-      " Surface temperature of heating coil is  40.0  degree celsius,\n",
-      " Capacity of humidifier is  2.66666666667  kg/h \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "c = 75.0 # Capacity of classroom in no of perasons\n",
-    "DBT1 = 10.0 # Outdoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
-    "WBT1 = 8.0 # Outdoor Wet bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
-    "DBT2 = 20.0 # Indoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
-    "RH2 = 50.0 # Relative humidity in percentage\n",
-    "x =0.5 # Bypass factor\n",
-    "f = 0.3 # Air flow rate per person in cmm\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.10 \\n\"\n",
-    "# From the psychrometric chart \n",
-    "W1 = 0.0058 # In kg moisture/kg d.a.\n",
-    "h1 = 24.5 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "h2 = 39.5 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3 = h2\n",
-    "W3 = 0.0074 # In kg moisture/kg d.a.\n",
-    "t2 = 25.0 # In degree celsius\n",
-    "v1 = .81 # In m**3/kg d.a.\n",
-    "G = f*c/v1\n",
-    "C = G*(h2-h1)/60\n",
-    "t4 = (t2-x*DBT1)/(1-x)\n",
-    "ts = t4\n",
-    "C_H = G*(W3-W1)*60\n",
-    "print \"\\n Capacity of heating coil is \",C ,\" kW,\\n Surface temperature of heating coil is \",ts ,\" degree celsius,\\n Capacity of humidifier is \",C_H ,\" kg/h \""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.11:pg-641"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.11 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " DBT of air leaving the coil is  18.6  degree celsius,\n",
-      " WBT of air leaving the coil is  12.5  degree celsius,\n",
-      " Coil bypass factor is  0.525426680599\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "DBT = 31.0 # Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
-    "WBT = 18.5 # Wet bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
-    "t = 4.4 # Effective surface temperature of coil in degree celsius\n",
-    "RE = 12.5 # Refrigeration effect by the coil in kW\n",
-    "f= 39.6 # Air flow rate in cmm\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.11 \\n\"\n",
-    "# From the fig. given in the example\n",
-    "ws = 5.25 #In g/kg d.a.\n",
-    "hs = 17.7 #In kJ/kg d.a.\n",
-    "v1 = 0.872 # In m**3/kg d.a.\n",
-    "h1 = 52.5 # In kJ/kg d.a.\n",
-    "w1 = 8.2 # In g/kg d.a.\n",
-    "G = f/v1\n",
-    "h2 = h1-(RE*60)/G\n",
-    "w2 = w1-((h1-h2)/(h1-hs))*(w1-ws)\n",
-    "# From the psychrometric chart\n",
-    "t2 = 18.6 # In degree celsius\n",
-    "t_ = 12.5 # In degree celsius\n",
-    "x = (h2-hs)/(h1-hs)\n",
-    "print \"\\n DBT of air leaving the coil is \",t2 ,\" degree celsius,\\n WBT of air leaving the coil is \",t_ ,\" degree celsius,\\n Coil bypass factor is \",x  \n",
-    "# Answer veries due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.12:pg-641"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.12 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Capacity of cooling coil is  100.803276106  tonnes,\n",
-      " Bypass factor of cooling coil is  0.0588235294118 ,\n",
-      " Capacity of heating coil is  22.6666666667  kW,\n",
-      " Surface temperature of heating coil is  44.1014332966  degree celsius,\n",
-      " Mass of water vapor removed is  5.22601984564  kg/min \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "c = 75.0 # Capacity of classroom in no of perasons\n",
-    "DBT1 = 35.0 # Outdoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius\n",
-    "RH1 = 70.0 # Outdoor relative humidity in percentage\n",
-    "DBT2 = 20.0 # Indoor Dry bulb temperature in degree celsius \n",
-    "RH1 = 60.0 # Indoor relative humidity in percentage\n",
-    "DPT = 10.0 # Cooling coil dew point temperature in degree celsius\n",
-    "x =0.25 # Bypass factor\n",
-    "f = 300.0 # Air flow rate in cmm\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.12 \\n\"\n",
-    "# From the psychrometric chart \n",
-    "W1 = 0.0246 # In kg vap./kg d.a.\n",
-    "h1 = 98.0 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "v1 = 0.907 # In m**3/kg d.a.\n",
-    "h3 = 42.0 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "W3 = 0.0088 # In kg moisture/kg d.a.\n",
-    "h2 = 34.0 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "hs = 30.0 # In kJ/kg\n",
-    "t2 = 12.0 # In degree celsius\n",
-    "G = f/v1\n",
-    "C = G*(h1-h2)/(60*3.5)\n",
-    "X = (h2-hs)/(h1-hs)\n",
-    "C_ = G*(h3-h2)/60\n",
-    "t4 = (DBT2-x*t2)/(1-x)\n",
-    "C_H = G*(W1-W3)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Capacity of cooling coil is \",C ,\" tonnes,\\n Bypass factor of cooling coil is \",X ,\",\\n Capacity of heating coil is \",t4 ,\" kW,\\n Surface temperature of heating coil is \",C_ ,\" degree celsius,\\n Mass of water vapor removed is \",C_H ,\" kg/min \"\n",
-    "#Answers veries due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.13:pg-641"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 15.13\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Make up water flow rate is  0.127715382722  kg/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Volume flow rate of air is  3.39095173631  m**3/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# at 15 degree Celsius\n",
-    "Psat1 = 0.01705  # Saturation pressure in bar\n",
-    "hg1 = 2528.9 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "# At 35 degree Celsius\n",
-    "Psat2 = 0.05628 # Saturation pressure in bar\n",
-    "hg2 = 2565.3 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "fi1 = 0.55# Humidity ratio at state 1\n",
-    "Pw1 = fi1*Psat1 # water vapor pressure at state 1\n",
-    "fi2 = 1.0 # Humidity ratio at state 2\n",
-    "Pw2 = fi2*Psat2 # water vapor pressure at state 2 \n",
-    "P = 0.1 # Atmospheric pressure in MPa\n",
-    "W1 = (0.622*Pw1)/(P*10-Pw1)\n",
-    "W2 = (0.622*Pw2)/(P*10-Pw2)\n",
-    "MW = W2-W1 # unit mass flow rate of water\n",
-    "t2 = 35.0 # Air exit temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "t1 = 14.0 # make up water inlet temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "m_dot = 2.78 # water flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "cpa = 1.005 # Constant pressure heat capacity ratio in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h43 = 35*4.187 # Enthalpy change\n",
-    "h5 = 14*4.187 # Enthalpy at state 5in kJ/kg\n",
-    "m_dot_w = (-(W2-W1)*h5 - W1*hg1 + W2*hg2 + cpa*(t2-t1))/(h43) \n",
-    "R = m_dot/m_dot_w \n",
-    "MW = (W2-W1)*R #Make up water flow rate\n",
-    "RWA = R*(1+W1)\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant \n",
-    "V_dot = (RWA*R*(t1+273))/(P*1e03)  # Volume flow rate of air\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 15.13\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Make up water flow rate is \",MW ,\" kg/s\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Volume flow rate of air is \",V_dot ,\" m**3/s\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter16.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter16.ipynb
index bd0ffde7..c857acc0 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter16.ipynb
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "v1 = 1.0 # Assumed\n",
     "v2 = v1# Assumed \n",
     "v3 = v2 # Assumed\n",
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -135,6 +136,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "Veo = 1.777 # Ve/Vo\n",
     "e = 1.0-Veo # Degree of dissociation\n",
     "P = 0.124 # in atm\n",
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -171,6 +173,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "v1 = 1.0 # Assumed\n",
     "v2 = 0 # Assumed\n",
     "v3 = 1.0 # Assumed\n",
@@ -194,7 +197,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -216,7 +219,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "a = 21.89 # stochiometric coefficient\n",
     "y = 18.5 # stochiometric coefficient\n",
     "x = 8.9 # stochiometric coefficient\n",
@@ -241,7 +244,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -261,6 +264,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "hf_co2 = -393522.0 # Enthalpy of reaction in kJ/kg mol\n",
     "hf_h20 = -285838.0# Enthalpy of reaction in kJ/kg mol\n",
     "hf_ch4 = -74874.0# Enthalpy of reaction in kJ/kg mol\n",
@@ -282,7 +286,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -300,6 +304,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Below values are taken from table\n",
     "Hr = -249952+(18.7*560)+(70*540)\n",
     "Hp = 8*(-393522+20288)+9*(-241827+16087)+6.25*14171+70*13491\n",
@@ -320,7 +325,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -344,6 +349,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Refer table 16.4 for values\n",
     "T0 = 298.0 # Atmospheric temperature in K\n",
     "Wrev = -23316-3*(-394374)-4*(-228583) # Reversible work in kJ/kg mol\n",
@@ -373,7 +379,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -407,7 +413,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "T0 = 298.15 # Environment temperature in K\n",
     "P0 = 1 # Atmospheric pressure in bar\n",
     "R = 8.3143# Gas constant\n",
@@ -473,7 +479,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -492,6 +498,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Environmet\n",
     "T0 = 298.15 # Environment temperature in K\n",
     "P0 = 1.0 # Atmospheric pressure in atm\n",
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter16_xq1IcPx.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter16_xq1IcPx.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index c857acc0..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter16_xq1IcPx.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,555 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 16:Reactive Systems"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.2:pg-675"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 16.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " K is  0.314529177004  atm\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Epsilon is  0.611607081035\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat of reaction is  60974.6120608  kJ/kg mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "eps_e = 0.27  # Constant\n",
-    "P = 1.0 # Atmospheric pressure in bar\n",
-    "K = (4*eps_e**2*P)/(1-eps_e**2) \n",
-    "P1 = 100.0/760.0 # Pressure in Pa\n",
-    "eps_e_1 = math.sqrt((K/P1)/(4.0+(K/P1)))\n",
-    "T1 = 318.0 # Temperature in K\n",
-    "T2 = 298.0# Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.3143 # Gas constant\n",
-    "K1 = 0.664 # dissociation constant at 318K\n",
-    "K2 = 0.141# dissociation constant at 298K\n",
-    "dH = 2.30*R*((T1*T2)/(T1-T2))*(math.log10(K1/K2))\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 16.2\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n K is \",K ,\" atm\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Epsilon is \",eps_e_1\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat of reaction is \",dH ,\" kJ/kg mol\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.3:pg-675"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 16.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Equilibrium constant is  1.61983471074\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Gibbs function change is  -4812.22485358 J/gmol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "v1 = 1.0 # Assumed\n",
-    "v2 = v1# Assumed \n",
-    "v3 = v2 # Assumed\n",
-    "v4 = v2# Assumed\n",
-    "e = 0.56 # Degree of reaction\n",
-    "P = 1.0 # Dummy\n",
-    "T = 1200.0 # Reaction temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.3143 # Gas constant\n",
-    "x1 = (1-e)/2.0 # \n",
-    "x2 = (1-e)/2.0\n",
-    "x3 = e/2.0 \n",
-    "x4 = e/2.0\n",
-    "K = (((x3**v3)*(x4**v4))/((x1**v1)*(x2**v2)))*P**(v3+v4-v1-v2) # Equilibrium constant\n",
-    "dG = -R*T*math.log(K) #Gibbs function change\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 16.3\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Equilibrium constant is \",K\n",
-    "print \"\\n Gibbs function change is \",dG ,\"J/gmol\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.5:pg-678"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 16.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The value of equillibrium constant is  0.755668681281  atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Veo = 1.777 # Ve/Vo\n",
-    "e = 1.0-Veo # Degree of dissociation\n",
-    "P = 0.124 # in atm\n",
-    "K = (4*e**2*P)/(1.0-e**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 16.5\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The value of equillibrium constant is \",K ,\" atm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.6:pg-680"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 16.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Cp is  4.48364424966  J/g mol K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "v1 = 1.0 # Assumed\n",
-    "v2 = 0 # Assumed\n",
-    "v3 = 1.0 # Assumed\n",
-    "v4 = 1.0/2.0# Assumed\n",
-    "dH = 250560.0 # Enthalpy change in j/gmol\n",
-    "e = 3.2e-03 # Constant\n",
-    "R = 8.3143 # Gas constant\n",
-    "T = 1900.0 # Reaction temperature\n",
-    "Cp = ((dH**2)*(1+e/2)*e*(1+e))/(R*T**2*(v1+v2)*(v3+v4))\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 16.6\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Cp is \",Cp ,\" J/g mol K\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.7:pg-681"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 16.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The composition of fuel is  14.7645650439  percent Hydrogen and  85.2354349561  percent Carbon\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Air fuel ratio is  23.9829146049\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Percentage of excess air used is  67.2268907563  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "a = 21.89 # stochiometric coefficient\n",
-    "y = 18.5 # stochiometric coefficient\n",
-    "x = 8.9 # stochiometric coefficient\n",
-    "PC = 100*(x*12)/((x*12)+(y)) # Carbon percentage\n",
-    "PH = 100-PC # Hydrogen percentage\n",
-    "AFR = ((32*a)+(3.76*a*28))/((12*x)+y) #Air fuel ratio\n",
-    "EAU = (8.8*32)/((21.89*32)-(8.8*32)) # Excess air used\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 16.7\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The composition of fuel is \",PH ,\" percent Hydrogen and \",PC ,\" percent Carbon\"#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "print \"\\n Air fuel ratio is \",AFR\n",
-    "print \"\\n Percentage of excess air used is \",EAU*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.8:pg-682"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 16.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat transfer per kg mol of fuel is  -965198.0  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Q_cv is  -890324.0  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "hf_co2 = -393522.0 # Enthalpy of reaction in kJ/kg mol\n",
-    "hf_h20 = -285838.0# Enthalpy of reaction in kJ/kg mol\n",
-    "hf_ch4 = -74874.0# Enthalpy of reaction in kJ/kg mol\n",
-    "D = hf_co2 + (2*hf_h20) #Heat transfer \n",
-    "QCV = D-hf_ch4 # Q_cv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 16.8\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat transfer per kg mol of fuel is \",D ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Q_cv is \",QCV ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.9:pg-683"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 16.9 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Fuel consumption rate is  38.5131749981  kg/h\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Below values are taken from table\n",
-    "Hr = -249952+(18.7*560)+(70*540)\n",
-    "Hp = 8*(-393522+20288)+9*(-241827+16087)+6.25*14171+70*13491\n",
-    "Wcv = 150.0 # Energy out put from engine in kW\n",
-    "Qcv = -205.0 # Heat transfer from engine in kW\n",
-    "n = (Wcv-Qcv)*3600/(Hr-Hp)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 16.9 \\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Fuel consumption rate is \",n*114 ,\" kg/h\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.11:pg-684"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 16.11 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Reversible work is  47139  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Increase in entropy during combustion is  3699.6688  kJ/kg mol K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Irreversibility of the process  25056.8559091  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Availability of products of combustion is  22082.1440909  kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Refer table 16.4 for values\n",
-    "T0 = 298.0 # Atmospheric temperature in K\n",
-    "Wrev = -23316-3*(-394374)-4*(-228583) # Reversible work in kJ/kg mol\n",
-    "Wrev_ = Wrev/44 # Reversible work in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Hr = -103847 # Enthalpy of reactants in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T = 980.0 # Through trial and error\n",
-    "Sr = 270.019+20*205.142+75.2*191.611 # Entropy of reactants\n",
-    "Sp = 3*268.194 + 4*231.849 + 15*242.855 + 75.2*227.485 # Entropy of products\n",
-    "IE = Sp-Sr # Increase in entropy\n",
-    "I = T0*3699.67/44 # Irreversibility\n",
-    "Si = Wrev_ - I# Availability of products of combustion \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 16.11 \\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Reversible work is \",Wrev_ ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Increase in entropy during combustion is \",Sp-Sr ,\" kJ/kg mol K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Irreversibility of the process \",I ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Availability of products of combustion is \",Si ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.12:pg-685"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 6.12\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The chemical energy of carbon is   410541.588354  kJ/k mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The chemical energy of hydrogen is   235211.889921  kJ/k mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The chemical energy of methane is   821580.156423  kJ/k mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The chemical energy of Carbon monoxide is   275364.910207  kJ/k mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The chemical energy of liquid methanol is   716698.69005  kJ/k mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The chemical energy of nitrogen is   691.0909601  kJ/k mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The chemical energy of Oxygen is   3946.64370597  kJ/k mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The chemical energy of Carbon dioxide is   20108.2320604  kJ/k mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The chemical energy of Water is   5.21177422707  kJ/k mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15 # Environment temperature in K\n",
-    "P0 = 1 # Atmospheric pressure in bar\n",
-    "R = 8.3143# Gas constant\n",
-    "xn2 = 0.7567  # mole fraction of nitrogen\n",
-    "xo2 = 0.2035 # mole fraction of oxygen\n",
-    "xh2o = 0.0312 # mole fraction of water\n",
-    "xco2 = 0.0003# mole fraction of carbon dioxide\n",
-    "# Part (a)\n",
-    "g_o2 = 0 # Gibbs energy of oxygen\n",
-    "g_c = 0 # Gibbs energy of carbon\n",
-    "g_co2 = -394380  # Gibbs energy of carbon dioxide\n",
-    "A = -g_co2 + R*T0*math.log(xo2/xco2) # Chemical energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "g_h2 = 0 # Gibbs energy of hydrogen\n",
-    "g_h2o_g = -228590# # Gibbs energy of water\n",
-    "B = g_h2 + g_o2/2 - g_h2o_g + R*T0*math.log(xo2**0.5/xh2o)\n",
-    "# Chemical energy\n",
-    "# Part (c)\n",
-    "g_ch4 = -50790 # Gibbs energy of methane\n",
-    "C = g_ch4 + 2*g_o2 - g_co2 - 2*g_h2o_g + R*T0*math.log((xo2**2)/(xco2*xh2o))\n",
-    "# Chemical energy\n",
-    "# Part (d)\n",
-    "g_co = -137150# # Gibbs energy of carbon mono oxide\n",
-    "D =  g_co + g_o2/2 - g_co2 + R*T0*math.log((xo2**0.5)/xco2)\n",
-    "# Chemcal energy\n",
-    "# Part (e)\n",
-    "g_ch3oh = -166240 # Gibbs energy of methanol\n",
-    "E = g_ch3oh + 1.5*g_o2 - g_co2 - 2*g_h2o_g + R*T0*math.log((xo2**1.5)/(xco2*(xh2o**2)))\n",
-    "# Chemical energy\n",
-    "# Part (f)\n",
-    "F = R*T0*math.log(1/xn2)\n",
-    "# Chemical energy\n",
-    "# Part (g)\n",
-    "G = R*T0*math.log(1/xo2)\n",
-    "# Chemical energy\n",
-    "# Part (h)\n",
-    "H = R*T0*math.log(1/xco2)\n",
-    "# Chemical energy\n",
-    "# Part (i)\n",
-    "g_h2o_l = -237180 #  Gibbs energy of liquid water\n",
-    "I = g_h2o_l - g_h2o_g + R*T0*math.log(1/xh2o)\n",
-    "# Chemical energy\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 6.12\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The chemical energy of carbon is  \",A ,\" kJ/k mol\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The chemical energy of hydrogen is  \",B ,\" kJ/k mol\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The chemical energy of methane is  \",C ,\" kJ/k mol\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The chemical energy of Carbon monoxide is  \",D ,\" kJ/k mol\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The chemical energy of liquid methanol is  \",E ,\" kJ/k mol\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The chemical energy of nitrogen is  \",F ,\" kJ/k mol\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The chemical energy of Oxygen is  \",G ,\" kJ/k mol\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The chemical energy of Carbon dioxide is  \",H ,\" kJ/k mol\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The chemical energy of Water is  \",I ,\" kJ/k mol\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.13:pg-686"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 6.13\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of heat transfer from the engine =  -4.33120060702  kW,\n",
-      " The second law of efficiency of the engine =  13.3396896634  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Environmet\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15 # Environment temperature in K\n",
-    "P0 = 1.0 # Atmospheric pressure in atm\n",
-    "R = 8.3143# Gas constant\n",
-    "xn2 = 0.7567  # mole fraction of nitrogen\n",
-    "xo2 = 0.2035 # mole fraction of oxygen\n",
-    "xh2o = 0.0312 # mole fraction of water\n",
-    "xco2 = 0.0003# mole fraction of carbon dioxide\n",
-    "xother = 0.0083 # Mole fraction of other gases\n",
-    "# Liquid octane\n",
-    "t1 = 25.0 # Temperature of liquid octane in degree centigrade\n",
-    "m = 0.57 # Mass flow rate in kg/h\n",
-    "T2 = 670 # Temperature of combustion product at exit in K\n",
-    "x1 = 0.114 # Mole fraction of CO2\n",
-    "x2 = .029 # Mole fraction of CO\n",
-    "x3 = .016 # Mole fraction of O2\n",
-    "x4 = .841 # Mole fraction of N2\n",
-    "Wcv = 1 # Power developed by the engine in kW\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 6.13\\n\"\n",
-    "# By carbon balance \n",
-    "b = 55.9 \n",
-    "# By hydrogen balace\n",
-    "c=9\n",
-    "# By oxygen balance\n",
-    "a = 12.58\n",
-    "Qcv = Wcv- 3845872*(.57/(3600*114.22))\n",
-    "E = 5407843.0 # Chemical exergy of C8H18\n",
-    "nII = Wcv/(E*.57/(3600*114.22))\n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of heat transfer from the engine = \",Qcv ,\" kW,\\n The second law of efficiency of the engine = \",nII*100 ,\" percent\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter17.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter17.ipynb
index 373cb84b..145463d3 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter17.ipynb
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "P1 = 0.18 # Diffuser static pressure in MPa\n",
     "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
     "T1 = 37 # Static temperature \n",
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@
     "V1 = 267 # Inlet velocity in m/s\n",
     "w = (P1*1e3/(R*(T1+273)))*A1*V1 # mass flow rate\n",
     "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "c1 = sqrt(g*R*(T1+273)*1000) # velocity\n",
+    "c1 = math.sqrt(g*R*(T1+273)*1000) # velocity\n",
     "M1 = V1/c1 # Mach number\n",
     "A1A_ = 1.0570 # A1/A* A* = A_\n",
     "P1P01 = 0.68207 # pressure ratio\n",
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -131,6 +132,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "M2 = 2.197 # Mach number\n",
     "P2P0 = 0.0939 # pressure ratio\n",
     "T2T0 = 0.5089 # Temperature ratio\n",
@@ -140,7 +142,7 @@
     "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
     "P2 = P2P0*P0*1e3 # Static Pressure\n",
     "T2 = T2T0*T0 # Static temperature\n",
-    "c2 = sqrt(g*R*T2*1000)\n",
+    "c2 = math.sqrt(g*R*T2*1000)\n",
     "V2 = c2*M2 #velocity at the exit from the nozzle\n",
     "# for air\n",
     "P_P0 = 0.528 # pressure ratio\n",
@@ -148,7 +150,7 @@
     "P_ = P_P0*P0*1e3 # Static Pressure\n",
     "T_ = T_T0*T0 #Static temperature\n",
     "rho_ = P_/(R*T_) # density\n",
-    "V_ = sqrt(g*R*T_*1000) # Velocity at the exit from the nozzle \n",
+    "V_ = math.sqrt(g*R*T_*1000) # Velocity at the exit from the nozzle \n",
     "At = 500e-06 # throat area\n",
     "w = At*V_*rho_# Maximum flow rate of air\n",
     "\n",
@@ -166,7 +168,7 @@
     "T2T0b = 0.9812 # Temperature ratio\n",
     "P2b = P2P0b*P0*1e3#Static Pressure \n",
     "T2b = T2T0b*T0 # Static temperature\n",
-    "c2b = sqrt(g*R*T2b*1000) # Velocity \n",
+    "c2b = math.sqrt(g*R*T2b*1000) # Velocity \n",
     "V2b = c2b*Mb #Velocity at the exit from the nozzle\n",
     "print \"\\n\\n When divergent section act as a diffuser\"\n",
     "print \"\\n Maximum flow rate of air is \",w ,\" kg/s\"\n",
@@ -185,7 +187,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -203,7 +205,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "Px = 16.0 # pressure in kPa\n",
     "Poy = 70.0 #pressure in kPa \n",
     "Mx = 1.735 # Mach number\n",
@@ -236,7 +238,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -260,7 +262,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "Ax = 18.75 # cross sectional area in divergent part in m**2\n",
     "A_ = 12.50 # throat area in m**2\n",
     "AA_ = 1.5 # Area ratio\n",
@@ -285,7 +287,7 @@
     "M2 = 0.402\n",
     "P2oy = 0.895\n",
     "P2 = P2oy*Poy\n",
-    "syx = -R*log(Poy/Pox) # sy-sx\n",
+    "syx = -R*math.log(Poy/Pox) # sy-sx\n",
     "\n",
     "print \"\\n Example 17.5\\n\"\n",
     "print \"\\n Exit Mach number is \",M2\n",
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter17_szOwhWr.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter17_szOwhWr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 145463d3..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter17_szOwhWr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,323 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 17:Compressible Fluid Flow"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.2:pg-717"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 17.2 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mass flow rate of air through diffuser is  59.4200292233  Kg/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "  Mach number of leaving air is  0.135\n",
-      "\n",
-      "  Temperature of leaving air is  71.4290750078  degree celcius\n",
-      "\n",
-      "  Pressure of leaving air is  0.260471799082  MPa \n",
-      "\n",
-      " Net thrust is  51.3284455434  kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "P1 = 0.18 # Diffuser static pressure in MPa\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "T1 = 37 # Static temperature \n",
-    "P0 = 0.1# Atmospheric pressure in MPa\n",
-    "A1 = 0.11 # intake area in m**2\n",
-    "V1 = 267 # Inlet velocity in m/s\n",
-    "w = (P1*1e3/(R*(T1+273)))*A1*V1 # mass flow rate\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "c1 = math.sqrt(g*R*(T1+273)*1000) # velocity\n",
-    "M1 = V1/c1 # Mach number\n",
-    "A1A_ = 1.0570 # A1/A* A* = A_\n",
-    "P1P01 = 0.68207 # pressure ratio\n",
-    "T1T01 = 0.89644# Temperature ratio\n",
-    "F1F_ = 1.0284# Impulse function ratio\n",
-    "A2A1 = 0.44/0.11  # Area ratio\n",
-    "A2A_ = A2A1*A1A_# Area ratio\n",
-    "M2 = 0.135 # Mach number\n",
-    "P2P02 = 0.987 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "T2T02 = 0.996 # Temperature ratio\n",
-    "F2F_ = 3.46# Impulse function ratio\n",
-    "P2P1 = P2P02/P1P01 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "T2T1 = T2T02/T1T01# Temperature ratio\n",
-    "F2F1 = F2F_/F1F_ # Impulse function ratio\n",
-    "P2 = P2P1*P1 # Outlet  pressure\n",
-    "T2 = T2T1*(T1+273) # Outlet temperature\n",
-    "A2 = A2A1*A1 # Exit area\n",
-    "F1 = P1*A1*(1+g*M1**2) # Impulse function\n",
-    "F2 = F2F1*F1 # Impulse function\n",
-    "Tint = F2-F1 # Internal thrust\n",
-    "Text = P0*(A2-A1) # External thrust\n",
-    "NT = Tint - Text  # Net thrust\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 17.2 \\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mass flow rate of air through diffuser is \",w ,\" Kg/s\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n  Mach number of leaving air is \",M2\n",
-    "print \"\\n  Temperature of leaving air is \",T2-273 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n  Pressure of leaving air is \",P2 ,\" MPa \"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Net thrust is \",NT*1e3 ,\" kN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.3:pg-718"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 17.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " When divergent section act as a nozzle\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Maximum flow rate of air is  1.06476372092  kg/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Static temperature is  183.204  K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Static Pressure is  93.9  kPa\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Velocity at the exit from the nozzle is  596.077184351  m/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " When divergent section act as a diffuser\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Maximum flow rate of air is  1.06476372092  kg/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Static temperature is  353.232  K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Static Pressure is  936.0  kPa\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Velocity at the exit from the nozzle is  116.03411731  m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "M2 = 2.197 # Mach number\n",
-    "P2P0 = 0.0939 # pressure ratio\n",
-    "T2T0 = 0.5089 # Temperature ratio\n",
-    "P0 = 1 # Stagnation pressure in MPa \n",
-    "T0 = 360 # Stagnation temperature in K\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "P2 = P2P0*P0*1e3 # Static Pressure\n",
-    "T2 = T2T0*T0 # Static temperature\n",
-    "c2 = math.sqrt(g*R*T2*1000)\n",
-    "V2 = c2*M2 #velocity at the exit from the nozzle\n",
-    "# for air\n",
-    "P_P0 = 0.528 # pressure ratio\n",
-    "T_T0 = 0.833 # Temperature ratio\n",
-    "P_ = P_P0*P0*1e3 # Static Pressure\n",
-    "T_ = T_T0*T0 #Static temperature\n",
-    "rho_ = P_/(R*T_) # density\n",
-    "V_ = math.sqrt(g*R*T_*1000) # Velocity at the exit from the nozzle \n",
-    "At = 500e-06 # throat area\n",
-    "w = At*V_*rho_# Maximum flow rate of air\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 17.3\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n When divergent section act as a nozzle\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Maximum flow rate of air is \",w ,\" kg/s\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Static temperature is \",T2 ,\" K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Static Pressure is \",P2 ,\" kPa\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Velocity at the exit from the nozzle is \",V2 ,\" m/s\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "Mb = 0.308  # Mach number\n",
-    "P2P0b = 0.936 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "T2T0b = 0.9812 # Temperature ratio\n",
-    "P2b = P2P0b*P0*1e3#Static Pressure \n",
-    "T2b = T2T0b*T0 # Static temperature\n",
-    "c2b = math.sqrt(g*R*T2b*1000) # Velocity \n",
-    "V2b = c2b*Mb #Velocity at the exit from the nozzle\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n When divergent section act as a diffuser\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Maximum flow rate of air is \",w ,\" kg/s\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Static temperature is \",T2b ,\" K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Static Pressure is \",P2b ,\" kPa\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Velocity at the exit from the nozzle is \",V2b ,\" m/s\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.4:pg-720"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 17.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mach number of the tunnel is  1.735\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Px = 16.0 # pressure in kPa\n",
-    "Poy = 70.0 #pressure in kPa \n",
-    "Mx = 1.735 # Mach number\n",
-    "Pyx = 3.34 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "rho_yx = 2.25 # Density ratio\n",
-    "Tyx = 1.483  # Temperature ratio\n",
-    "Poyox = 0.84 # pressure ratio\n",
-    "My = 0.631 # Mach number\n",
-    "g = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities\n",
-    "Tox = 573.0 # stagnation temperature in K \n",
-    "Toy = Tox # temperature equivalence\n",
-    "Tx = Tox/(1+((g-1)/2.0)*Mx**2) # temperature at x\n",
-    "Ty = Tyx*Tx # temperature at y\n",
-    "Pox = Poy/Poyox  # total pressure \n",
-    "# From table\n",
-    "Mx = 1.735\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 17.4\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mach number of the tunnel is \",Mx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.5:pg-721"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 17.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Exit Mach number is  0.402\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Exit pressure is  147.9260475  kPa\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Exit Stagnation pressure is  44.7195  kPa\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Entropy increase is  0.068726024552  kJ/kg K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Ax = 18.75 # cross sectional area in divergent part in m**2\n",
-    "A_ = 12.50 # throat area in m**2\n",
-    "AA_ = 1.5 # Area ratio\n",
-    "Pxox = 0.159 # pressure ratio from table\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "Pox = 0.21e03 # pressure in kPa\n",
-    "Px = Pxox*Pox # pressure calculation\n",
-    "# from the gas table on normal shock\n",
-    "Mx = 1.86 \n",
-    "My = 0.604 \n",
-    "Pyx = 3.87 \n",
-    "Poyx = 4.95 \n",
-    "Poyox = 0.786\n",
-    "Py = Pyx*Px\n",
-    "Poy = Poyx*Px\n",
-    "My = 0.604\n",
-    "Ay_ = 1.183\n",
-    "A2 = 25 \n",
-    "Ay = 18.75\n",
-    "A2_ = (A2/Ay)*Ay_\n",
-    "# From isentropic table \n",
-    "M2 = 0.402\n",
-    "P2oy = 0.895\n",
-    "P2 = P2oy*Poy\n",
-    "syx = -R*math.log(Poy/Pox) # sy-sx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 17.5\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Exit Mach number is \",M2\n",
-    "print \"\\n Exit pressure is \",P2 ,\" kPa\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Exit Stagnation pressure is \",Pox-Poy ,\" kPa\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Entropy increase is \",syx ,\" kJ/kg K\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter18.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter18.ipynb
index 97968f87..3c4fe6ba 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter18.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "ho = 12.0 # Outside convective heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2K \n",
     "x1 = 0.23# Thickness of brick in m\n",
     "k1 = 0.98 # Thermal conductivity of brick in W/mK\n",
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "to = 20 # Environment temperature in degree Celsius\n",
     "t = 100# Temperature of steam path in degree Celsius\n",
     "ta1 =  26.76 # Temperature at other end in degree Celsius for rod A \n",
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -203,6 +203,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "h = 17.4 # Convective heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2K\n",
     "K = 52.2 # Thermal conductivity in W/mK\n",
     "t = 120 # Heat reservoir wall temperature in degree celcius\n",
@@ -232,7 +233,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -254,7 +255,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "d = 8.0 # Average diameter in mm\n",
     "r = 750.0 # Density in Kg/m**3\n",
     "t = 2.0 # Intermediate temperature in degree celcius\n",
@@ -287,7 +288,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -305,7 +306,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "mh =  1000 # mass flow rate of hot fluid in Kg/h\n",
     "mc = 1000 # mass flow rate of cold fluid in Kg/h\n",
     "ch = 2.09 # Specific heat capacity of hot fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
@@ -338,7 +339,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -356,7 +357,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "Hfg = 2257.0 # Latent heat at 100 degree Celsius\n",
     "\n",
     "ma =  500.0 # mass flow rate of air in Kg/h\n",
@@ -390,7 +391,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -457,7 +458,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -477,6 +478,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "u_m = 0.8 # mean velocity in m/s\n",
     "D = 5 # Diameter in cm\n",
     "v = 4.78e-7 # dynamic coefficient of viscosity\n",
@@ -506,7 +508,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -524,7 +526,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "b = 10 # width of plate in cm\n",
     "h = 15 # Height of plate in cm\n",
     "hr = 8.72 # Radiative heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2K\n",
@@ -560,7 +562,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -578,6 +580,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "d1 = 2.0 # Diameter of steel rod in cm\n",
     "d2 = 16.0 # Diameter of cylindrical furnace in cm\n",
     "e1 = 0.6 # emissivity of inner surface\n",
@@ -616,7 +619,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -639,7 +642,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "d1 = 10.0 # Diameter of inner cylinder in cm\n",
     "d2 = 20.0 # Diameter of outer cylinder in cm\n",
     "e1 = 0.65 # emissivity of inner surface\n",
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter18_TVmT3rf.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter18_TVmT3rf.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3c4fe6ba..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter18_TVmT3rf.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,706 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18:Elements of Heat Transfer"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.1:pg-757"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of heat removal is  486.40484238  W\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Temperature at inside surface of brick is  20.2812224957  degree celcius\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ho = 12.0 # Outside convective heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2K \n",
-    "x1 = 0.23# Thickness of brick in m\n",
-    "k1 = 0.98 # Thermal conductivity of brick in W/mK\n",
-    "x2 = 0.08 # Thickness of foam in m\n",
-    "k2 = 0.02# Thermal conductivity of foam in W/mK\n",
-    "x3 = 1.5# Thickness of wood in cm\n",
-    "k3 = 0.17# Thermal conductivity of wood in W/cmK\n",
-    "hi = 29.0# Inside convective heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2K \n",
-    "A = 90.0 # Total wall area in m**2\n",
-    "to = 22.0# outside air temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "ti = -2.0 # Inside air temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.1\\n\"\n",
-    "U = (1/((1/ho)+(x1/k1)+(x2/k2)+(x3*1e-2/k3)+(1/hi)))# Overall heat transfer coefficient\n",
-    "Q = U*A*(to-ti) # Rate of heat transfer\n",
-    "R = (1/ho)+(x1/k1)\n",
-    "t2 = to-Q*R/A # Temperature at inside surface of brick\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of heat removal is \",Q ,\" W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Temperature at inside surface of brick is \",t2 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.2:pg-758"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat transfer rate is  2.33519645654  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r1 = 5.0 # Inner radius of steel pipe in cm\n",
-    "r2 = 10.0 # Extreme radius of inner insulation in cm\n",
-    "r3 = 13.0# Extreme radius of outer insulation in cm\n",
-    "K1 = 0.23 # Thermal conductivity of inner insulation in W/mK\n",
-    "K2 = 0.37 # Thermal conductivity of outer insulation in W/mK\n",
-    "hi = 58.0 # Inner heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2K\n",
-    "h0 = 12.0 # Inner heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2K\n",
-    "ti = 60.0 # Inner temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "to = 25.0 # Outer temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "L = 50.0 # Length of pipe in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.2\\n\"\n",
-    "Q =((2*math.pi*L*(ti-to))/((1/(hi*r1*1e-2))+(math.log(r2/r1)/(K1))+(math.log(r3/r2)/(K2))+(1/(h0*r3*1e-2))))\n",
-    "# Rate of heat transfer\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat transfer rate is \",Q/1e3 ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.3:pg-759"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Thermal conductivity of rod A is  57.4969670417  W/mK\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Thermal conductivity of rod B is  86.076212035  W/mK\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Thermal conductivity of rod C is  116.0  W/mK\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "to = 20 # Environment temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "t = 100# Temperature of steam path in degree Celsius\n",
-    "ta1 =  26.76 # Temperature at other end in degree Celsius for rod A \n",
-    "d = 10 # diameter of rod in mm\n",
-    "L = 0.25 # length of rod in m\n",
-    "h = 23 # heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2 K\n",
-    "tb1 =  32.00 # Temperature at other end in degree Celsius for rod B \n",
-    "tc1 =  36.93 # Temperature at other end in degree Celsius for rod C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.3\\n\"\n",
-    "A = math.pi/4 * (d*1e-3)**2 #Area of rod\n",
-    "p = math.pi*d*1e-3 # perimeter of rod\n",
-    "# For rod A\n",
-    "a = (ta1-to)/(t-to) \n",
-    "ma = (math.acosh(1/a))/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ka = (h*p)/(ma**2*A) # Thermal conductivity of rod A\n",
-    "print \"\\n Thermal conductivity of rod A is \",Ka ,\" W/mK\"\n",
-    "# For rod B\n",
-    "b = (tb1-to)/(t-to) \n",
-    "mb = (math.acosh(1/b))/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kb = (h*p)/(mb**2*A) # Thermal conductivity of rod B\n",
-    "print \"\\n Thermal conductivity of rod B is \",Kb ,\" W/mK\"\n",
-    "c = (tc1-to)/(t-to) \n",
-    "mc = (math.acosh(1/c))/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kc = (h*p)/(mc**2*A) # Thermal conductivity of rod A\n",
-    "print \"\\n Thermal conductivity of rod C is \",math. ceil(Kc) ,\" W/mK\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.4:pg-760"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Midway temperature of rod is  88.7138777413  degree Celcius\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat loss rate is  88.0331604603 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h = 17.4 # Convective heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2K\n",
-    "K = 52.2 # Thermal conductivity in W/mK\n",
-    "t = 120 # Heat reservoir wall temperature in degree celcius\n",
-    "t0 = 35 # Ambient temperature in degree celcius\n",
-    "L = 0.4 # Lenght of rod in m\n",
-    "b  = .050 # width of rod in mm\n",
-    "H = .050 # Heigth of rod in mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.4\\n\"\n",
-    "l= L/2\n",
-    "A = b*H\n",
-    "m = math.sqrt(4*h*b/(K*b*H))\n",
-    "t1 = (t-t0)/math.cosh(m*l) + t0 # Midway temperature of rod\n",
-    "Q1 = 2*5.12*K*A*(t-t0)*math.tanh(m*l) # Heat loss rate \n",
-    "print \"\\n Midway temperature of rod is \",t1 ,\" degree Celcius\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat loss rate is \",Q1 ,\"W\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.5:pg-760"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Time to cool down to 2 degree celcius is  30.5933342864  min\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Temperature of peas after 10 minutes is  13.1714792663  degree celcius\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Temperature of peas after 30 minutes is  1.0393274697  degree celcius\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d = 8.0 # Average diameter in mm\n",
-    "r = 750.0 # Density in Kg/m**3\n",
-    "t = 2.0 # Intermediate temperature in degree celcius\n",
-    "t_inf = 1.0 # Ambient temperature in degree celcius\n",
-    "t0 = 25.0 # Initial temperature in degree celcius\n",
-    "c = 3.35 # Specific heat in kJ/KgK\n",
-    "h = 5.8 # Heat transfer coeeficient in W/m**2K\n",
-    "T1 = 10.0 # time period in minutes\n",
-    "T2 = 30.0 # time period in minutes \n",
-    "t1 = 5.0 # Intermediate temperature in degree celcius\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.5\\n\"\n",
-    "tau1 = c*1e3*math.log((t0-t_inf)/(t-t_inf))/(h*60) # Time to cool down to 2 degree celcius\n",
-    "tau2 = (t0-t_inf)*(math.exp(-(c*T1*60)/(c*1e3))) # Temperature of peas after 10 minutes\n",
-    "Y = math.exp(-1*(c*T2*60)/(c*1e3))\n",
-    "tau3 = (t0*Y-t1)/(Y-1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Time to cool down to 2 degree celcius is \",tau1 ,\" min\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Temperature of peas after 10 minutes is \",tau2 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Temperature of peas after 30 minutes is \",tau3 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "#The answers given in book are incorrect\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.6:pg-761"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Surface area of heat exchanger is  53.1155468795  m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "mh =  1000 # mass flow rate of hot fluid in Kg/h\n",
-    "mc = 1000 # mass flow rate of cold fluid in Kg/h\n",
-    "ch = 2.09 # Specific heat capacity of hot fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "cc = 4.187 #Specific heat capacity of cold fluid in kJ/kgK \n",
-    "th1 = 80# Inlet temperature of hot fluid in degree celcius\n",
-    "th2 = 40 # Exit temperature of hot fluid in degree Celsius\n",
-    "tc1 = 30 # Inlet temperature of cold fluid in degree Celsius\n",
-    "U = 24 # heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.6\\n\"\n",
-    "Q = mh*ch*(th1-th2)\n",
-    "tc2 = Q/(mc*cc) + tc1# outlet temperature of cold fluid\n",
-    "te = th2-tc1 # Exit end temperature difference in degree Celsius\n",
-    "ti = th1 - tc2 # Inlet end temperature  difference in degree Celsius\n",
-    "t_lm = (ti-te)/(math.log(ti/te))\n",
-    "A = Q / (U*t_lm*3.6) # Surface are of heat exchanger\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Surface area of heat exchanger is \",A ,\" m**2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.7:pg-762"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Surface area of heat exchanger is  3.52948841744  m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Hfg = 2257.0 # Latent heat at 100 degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ma =  500.0 # mass flow rate of air in Kg/h\n",
-    "ch = 1.005 # Specific heat capacity of hot air in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "ta1 = 260.0 # Inlet temperature of hot air in degree Celsius\n",
-    "ta2 = 150.0 # Inlet temperature of cold air in degree Celsius\n",
-    "tc1 = 100.0 # Inlet temperature of steam\n",
-    "tc2 = tc1 # Exit temperature of steam\n",
-    "U = 46.0 # heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.7\\n\"\n",
-    "Q = ma*ch*(ta1-ta2)\n",
-    "m = Q/Hfg # mass flow rate of steam\n",
-    "te = ta2-tc1 # Exit end temperature difference in degree Celsius\n",
-    "ti = ta1 - tc2 # Inlet end temperature  difference in degree Celsius\n",
-    "t_lm = (ti-te)/(math.log(ti/te))\n",
-    "A = Q / (U*t_lm*3.6) # Surface are of heat exchanger\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Surface area of heat exchanger is \",A ,\" m**2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.8:pg-763"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Exit temperature of oil is  90.1251029717  degree celcius\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Rate of heat transfer is  1302.7384927  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "mh =  20.15 # mass flow rate of hot fluid in Kg/s\n",
-    "mc = 5.04 # mass flow rate of cold fluid in Kg/h\n",
-    "ch = 2.094 # Specific heat capacity of hot fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "cc = 4.2 #Specific heat capacity of cold fluid in kJ/kgK \n",
-    "th1 = 121# Inlet temperature of hot fluid in degree Celsius\n",
-    "th2 = 40 # Exit temperature of hot fluid in degree Celsius\n",
-    "tc1 = 10 # Inlet temperature of cold fluid in degree Celsius\n",
-    "U = 0.34 # heat transfer coefficient in kW/m**2K\n",
-    "n = 200 # total number of tubes\n",
-    "l = 4.87 # length of tube in m\n",
-    "d = 1.97 # Outer diameter in cm\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.8\\n\"\n",
-    "A = math.pi*n*d*1e-2*l # Total surface area\n",
-    "mc_oil = mh*ch\n",
-    "mc_water = mc*cc\n",
-    "c_min = mc_water\n",
-    "c_max =mc_oil\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "if (mc_oil<mc_water):\n",
-    "    c_min = mc_oil\n",
-    "    c_max =mc_water\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R = c_min/c_max\n",
-    "NTU = U*A/c_min\n",
-    "e = (1-math.exp(-1*NTU*(1-R)))/(1-R*math.exp(-1*NTU*(1-R)))\n",
-    "t_larger = e*(th1-tc1)\n",
-    "t_water = t_larger \n",
-    "t_oil = t_water*mc_water/mc_oil\n",
-    "th2 = th1 - t_oil # Exit temperature of oil\n",
-    "Q = mh*ch*(th1-th2) # Rate of heat transfer\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Exit temperature of oil is \",th2 ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Rate of heat transfer is \",Q ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.9:pg-763"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat transfer coefficient is  4074.68413756  W/m**2K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Rate of heat transfer is  38.4029932568  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u_m = 0.8 # mean velocity in m/s\n",
-    "D = 5 # Diameter in cm\n",
-    "v = 4.78e-7 # dynamic coefficient of viscosity\n",
-    "Pr = 2.98 # Prantl number\n",
-    "K = 0.66 # Thermal conductivity in W/mK\n",
-    "l = 3 # length of pipe in m\n",
-    "tw = 70 # Wall temperature\n",
-    "tf = 50 # mean water temperature\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.9\\n\"\n",
-    "Re = u_m*D*1e-2/v # Reynold number\n",
-    "Nu = 0.023*(Re**0.8)*(Pr**0.4)\n",
-    "h = K*Nu/(D*1e-2) # Heat transfer coefficient\n",
-    "A = math.pi*D*1e-2*l # Surface area\n",
-    "Q = h*A*(tw-tf) # Rate of heat transfer\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat transfer coefficient is \",h ,\" W/m**2K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Rate of heat transfer is \",Q/1e3 ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.10:pg-764"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Rate of heat dissipation is  31.392  W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "b = 10 # width of plate in cm\n",
-    "h = 15 # Height of plate in cm\n",
-    "hr = 8.72 # Radiative heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2K\n",
-    "tw = 140 # temperature of wall in degree Celsius\n",
-    "tf = 20 # Atmospheric temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "v = 2.109e-5 # Coefficient of dynamic viscosity in m**2/s\n",
-    "Pr = 0.692 # Prantl number\n",
-    "K = 0.0305 # Thermal conductivity in W/mK\n",
-    "L = 0.15 # characteristic length in m\n",
-    "g = 9.81 # Gravitational acceleration in m/s**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.10\\n\"\n",
-    "A = 2*b*1e-2*h*1e-2 # total area of plate\n",
-    "t_mean = (tw+tf)/2 +273\n",
-    "B = 1/t_mean\n",
-    "del_t = tw-tf\n",
-    "Gr = g*B*del_t*L**3/v**2 # Grashoff number\n",
-    "x = Gr*Pr\n",
-    "Nu = 0.59*(Gr*Pr)**0.25\n",
-    "hc = Nu*K/L\n",
-    "Q = (hc+hr)*A*del_t # Rate of heat dissipation\n",
-    "print \"\\n Rate of heat dissipation is \",Q ,\" W\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.11:pg-765"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.11\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Time required for heating operation is  27.6219838873  s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1 = 2.0 # Diameter of steel rod in cm\n",
-    "d2 = 16.0 # Diameter of cylindrical furnace in cm\n",
-    "e1 = 0.6 # emissivity of inner surface\n",
-    "e2 = 0.85 # emissivity of rod surface\n",
-    "T = 1093.0 # Inner surface temperature of furncae in degree celcius\n",
-    "Tr1 = 427.0 # Initial temperature of rod in degree celcius\n",
-    "Tr2 = 538.0 # Initial temperature of rod in degree celcius\n",
-    "sigma = 5.67e-8 # Constant\n",
-    "rho = 7845.0 # density in kg/ m**3\n",
-    "c = 0.67 # Specific heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.11\\n\"\n",
-    "A_ratio = d1/d2 # Surface area ratio of cylindrical bodies\n",
-    "F12 = (1/((1/e1)+(A_ratio*(1/e2 -1))))\n",
-    "A1 = math.pi*d1*1e-2*1 # Surface area of rod\n",
-    "T1 = Tr1+273\n",
-    "T2 = T +273\n",
-    "T3 = Tr2 +273\n",
-    "Qi = sigma*A1*F12*(T1**4-T2**4)\n",
-    "Qe = sigma*A1*F12*(T3**4-T2**4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q_avg = abs((Qi+Qe)/2)\n",
-    "tau = rho*c*(1e-4)*math.pi*(Tr2-Tr1)/(Q_avg*(1e-3))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Time required for heating operation \n",
-    "print \"\\n Time required for heating operation is \",tau ,\" s\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.12:pg-765"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.12\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Net heat transfer between two cylinders is  7297.2729358  W/m length\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Example 18.12\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Net heat transfer between two cylinders is  7297.2729358  W/m length\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1 = 10.0 # Diameter of inner cylinder in cm\n",
-    "d2 = 20.0 # Diameter of outer cylinder in cm\n",
-    "e1 = 0.65 # emissivity of inner surface\n",
-    "e2 = 0.4 # emissivity of outer surface\n",
-    "T1 = 1000.0 # Inner surface temperature in K\n",
-    "T2 = 500.0 # outer suface temperature in K\n",
-    "sigma = 5.67e-8 # Constant\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.12\\n\"\n",
-    "A1 = math.pi*d1*1e-2\n",
-    "A2 = math.pi*d2*1e-2\n",
-    "R =(((1-e1)/(e1*A1))+((1-e2)/(e2*A2))+(1/(A1*1)))\n",
-    "Eb1 = sigma*T1**4\n",
-    "Eb2 = sigma*T2**4\n",
-    "Q = (Eb1-Eb2)/R # Net heat transfer between two cylinders\n",
-    "print \"\\n Net heat transfer between two cylinders is \",Q ,\" W/m length\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1 = 10.0 # Diameter of inner cylinder in cm\n",
-    "d2 = 20.0 # Diameter of outer cylinder in cm\n",
-    "e1 = 0.65 # emissivity of inner surface\n",
-    "e2 = 0.4 # emissivity of outer surface\n",
-    "T1 = 1000.0 # Inner surface temperature in K\n",
-    "T2 = 500.0 # outer surface temperature in K\n",
-    "sigma = 5.67e-8 # Constant\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 18.12\\n\"\n",
-    "A1 = math.pi*d1*1e-2\n",
-    "A2 = math.pi*d2*1e-2\n",
-    "R =(((1-e1)/(e1*A1))+((1-e2)/(e2*A2))+(1/(A1*1)))\n",
-    "Eb1 = sigma*T1**4\n",
-    "Eb2 = sigma*T2**4\n",
-    "Q = (Eb1-Eb2)/R # Net heat transfer between two cylinders\n",
-    "print \"\\n Net heat transfer between two cylinders is \",Q ,\" W/m length\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter19.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter19.ipynb
index df2b3868..1f8e6f43 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter19.ipynb
@@ -1,1383 +1,1372 @@
-{


- "metadata": {


-  "name": "",


-  "signature": "sha256:1db2f35b9b69d7f4ae51f4ee8d24e65751baf82a587616cfcfd52d79c1796d33"


- },


- "nbformat": 3,


- "nbformat_minor": 0,


- "worksheets": [


-  {


-   "cells": [


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 1,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Chapter 19: Gas Compressors"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.1:pg-818"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "T2 = 488.0 \n",


-      "T1 = 298.0 \n",


-      "n = 1.3 \n",


-      "R =8314.0/44.0\n",


-      "rp = (T2/T1)**(n/(n-1))\n",


-      "\n",


-      "b = 0.12 # Bore of compressor\n",


-      "L = 0.15 # Stroke of compressor\n",


-      "V1 = (math.pi/4)*(b)**2*L  \n",


-      "P1 = 120e03 # in kPa\n",


-      "W = ((n*P1*V1)/(n-1))*(((rp)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",


-      "P = (W*1200*0.001)/60  \n",


-      "\n",


-      "V1_dot = V1*(1200.0/60.0)\n",


-      "m_dot = (P1*V1_dot)/(R*T1)\n",


-      "\n",


-      "rp_1 = rp**2\n",


-      "V2 = (1/rp)**(1/n)*V1\n",


-      "d = sqrt((V2*4)/(L*math.pi))\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.1\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Pressure ratio is \",rp\n",


-      "print \"\\n Indicated power is \",P ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Shaft power is \",P/0.8 ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Mass flow rate is \",m_dot ,\" kg/s\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Pressure ratio when second stage is added is \",rp_1\n",


-      "print \"\\n Volume derived per cycle is V2 \",V2 ,\" m**3\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Second stage bore would be \",d*1000 ,\" mm\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.1\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Pressure ratio is  8.4764775804\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Indicated power is  11.2490101513  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Shaft power is  14.0612626891  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Mass flow rate is  0.0723071537289  kg/s\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Pressure ratio when second stage is added is  71.8506721711\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Volume derived per cycle is V2  0.000327741753347  m**3\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Second stage bore would be  52.7442736748  mm\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 1


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.2:pg-819"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "c = 0.05 # Clearance volume\n",


-      "p1 = 96.0 # Inlet ressure in bar\n",


-      "p2 = 725.0 # Outlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "pa = 101.3 # Atmospheric pressure\n",


-      "Ta = 292.0 # Atmospheric temperature in kelvin\n",


-      "T1 = 305.0 # Inlet temperature in Kelvin\n",


-      "n = 1.3 # polytropic index\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.2 \\n \"\n",


-      "n_v = (1+c-c*((p2/p1)**(1/n)))*(p1/pa)*(Ta/T1)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Volumetric efficiency of system is \",n_v*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "# Answer is not mentioned in book\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.2 \n",


-        " \n",


-        "\n",


-        " Volumetric efficiency of system is  73.7793963433  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 2


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.3:pg-819"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "P1 = 101.3e03 \n",


-      "P4 = P1 # in Pa\n",


-      "P2 = 8*P1  \n",


-      "P3 = P2\n",


-      "T1 = 288 \n",


-      "Vs = 2000\n",


-      "V3 = 100 \n",


-      "Vc = V3\n",


-      "V1 = Vs + Vc \n",


-      "n = 1.25 \n",


-      "R = 287\n",


-      "V4 = ((P3/P4)**(1/n))*V3\n",


-      "W = ((n*P1*(V1-V4)*1e-06)/(n-1))*(((P2/P1)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",


-      "P = (W*800*0.001)/60  \n",


-      "\n",


-      "m = (P1*(V1-V4)*1e-06)/(R*T1)\n",


-      "m_dot = m*800\n",


-      "\n",


-      "FAD = (V1-V4)*1e-06*800\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Wt = P1*(V1-V4)*1e-06*log(P2/P1)\n",


-      "n_isothermal = (Wt*800*0.001)/(P*60)\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Pi = P/0.85\n",


-      "n_v =100*(V1-V4)/Vs\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.3\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Indicated poer is \",P ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Volumetric efficiency is \",n_v ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Mass flow rate is \",m_dot ,\" kg/min\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Free air delivery is \",FAD ,\" m**3/min\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Isothermal efficiency is \",100*n_isothermal ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Input power is \",Pi ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        " \n",


-        " Example 19.3\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Indicated poer is  5.47565638255  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Volumetric efficiency is  78.6098417845  percent\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Mass flow rate is  1.54145895718  kg/min\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Free air delivery is  1.25775746855  m**3/min\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Isothermal efficiency is  80.6428056306  percent\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Input power is  6.44194868535  kW\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 4


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.4:pg-819"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "m = 3.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/min\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0 # Initial pressure in bar\n",


-      "T1 = 300.0 # Initial temperature in K\n",


-      "p3 = 6.0 # Pressure after compression in bar\n",


-      "p5 = 15.0 # Maximum pressure in bar\n",


-      "N = 300.0 # Rpm of compressure\n",


-      "n = 1.3 # Index of compression and expansion \n",


-      "r = 1.5 # Stroke to bore ratio\n",


-      "R = 287.0 # Gas constant of air\n",


-      "t = 15.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.4\\n\"\n",


-      "T = t+273\n",


-      "Wc = (n/(n-1))*(m/60)*(R*(1e-3)*T1)*(((p3/p1)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",


-      "r1 = (p5/p1)**(1.0/n)# Where r1 = V1/Vc\n",


-      "r2 = r1-1 # Where r2 = Vs/Vc\n",


-      "r3 = (p3/p1)**(1.0/n)\n",


-      "n_vol = (r1-r3)*(T/T1)/r2\n",


-      "V = m*R*T/(2*(1e5)*N)\n",


-      "Vs = V/n_vol\n",


-      "d = (Vs*4/(math.pi*r))**(1.0/3.0)\n",


-      "l = r*d\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power input is \",Wc ,\" kW, \\n Volumetric efficiency is \",n_vol*100 ,\" percent, \\n Bore of the cylinder is \",d ,\" m, \\n Stroke of the cylinder is \",l ,\" m\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.4\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power input is  9.55276123312  kW, \n",


-        " Volumetric efficiency is  55.4657309635  percent, \n",


-        " Bore of the cylinder is  0.184932327621  m, \n",


-        " Stroke of the cylinder is  0.277398491431  m\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 8


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.5:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "d = 15.0 # Diameter in cm\n",


-      "l = 18.0 # Stroke in cm\n",


-      "C = 0.04 # Ratio of clearance volume and sweft volume\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",


-      "t1 = 25.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "p2 = 8.0# Pressure in bar\n",


-      "N = 1200.0 # Rpm of compressure \n",


-      "W = 18.0 # Actual power input in kW\n",


-      "m = 4.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/min\n",


-      "R = 0.287\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.5\\n\"\n",


-      "T1 = t1+273\n",


-      "v = R*T1/(p1*100)\n",


-      "V = m*v\n",


-      "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(1e-2))**2)*(l*1e-2)*N\n",


-      "n_vol = V/Vs\n",


-      "n = (log(p2/p1))/(log((1+C-n_vol)/C))\n",


-      "# The value of n given in the example is wrong\n",


-      "n = 1.573\n",


-      "T2 = T1*(p2/p1)**((n-1)/n)\n",


-      "Wc = (n/(n-1))*(m*R/60)*(T2-T1)\n",


-      "n_mech = Wc/W\n",


-      "W_isothermal = m*R*T1*log(p2/p1)/60\n",


-      "n_iso = W_isothermal/W\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power required to drive the unit is \",Wc ,\" kW,\\n Isothermal efficiency is \",n_iso*100 ,\" percent,\\n Mechanical efficiency is \",n_mech*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.5\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power required to drive the unit is  17.7326053799  kW,\n",


-        " Isothermal efficiency is  65.8690064051  percent,\n",


-        " Mechanical efficiency is  98.5144743328  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 9


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.6:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "d = 40.0 # Diameter in cm\n",


-      "l = 50.0 # Stroke in cm\n",


-      "D = 5.0 # Piston rod diameter in cm\n",


-      "C = 0.04 # Ratio of clearance volume and sweft volume\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",


-      "t1 = 15.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "p2 = 7.5# Pressure in bar\n",


-      "N = 300.0 # Rpm of compressure \n",


-      "n_vol = 0.8 # Volumetric efficiency\n",


-      "n_mech = 0.95 # Mechanical efficiency\n",


-      "n_iso = .7 # Isothermal efficiency\n",


-      "R = 0.287\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.6\\n\"\n",


-      "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(1e-2))**2)*(l*(1e-2))\n",


-      "Vs_ = (math.pi/4)*(((d*(1e-2))**2)-(D*(1e-2))**2)*(l*1e-2)\n",


-      "Vs_min = (Vs+Vs_)*2*N\n",


-      "V1 = Vs_min*n_vol\n",


-      "W_iso = p1*V1*(log(p2/p1))\n",


-      "Win = W_iso/n_iso\n",


-      "Wc = Win/n_mech\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressure is \",Wc ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.6\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power required to drive the compressure is  181.333212391  kW\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 11


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.7:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",


-      "t1 = 27.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "n = 1.3 # Index of the compression process\n",


-      "p3 = 9.0# Pressure in bar\n",


-      "R = 0.287\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.7\\n\"\n",


-      "T1 = t1+273\n",


-      "p2 = sqrt(p1*p3)\n",


-      "Wc = ((2*n*R*T1)/(n-1))*(((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",


-      "T2 = T1*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",


-      "H = 1.005*(T2-T1)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Minimum work done is \",Wc ,\" kJ/kg,\\n Heat rejected to intercooler is \",H ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.7\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Minimum work done is  215.324046  kJ/kg,\n",


-        " Heat rejected to intercooler is  87.0010719231  kJ/kg\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 12


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.8:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "V = 4.0 # Volume flow rate in m**3/min\n",


-      "p1 = 1.013 # Pressure in bar\n",


-      "t1 = 15.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "N = 250.0 # Speed in RPM\n",


-      "p4 = 80.0# Delivery pressure in bar\n",


-      "v = 3.0 #Speed of piston in m/sec\n",


-      "n_mech = .75 # Mechanical efficiency \n",


-      "n_vol = .8 # Volumetric efficiency\n",


-      "n = 1.25 # Polytropic index\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.8\\n\"\n",


-      "T1 = t1+273\n",


-      "p2 = sqrt(p1*p4)\n",


-      "W = (2*n/(n-1))*(p1*100/n_mech)*(V/60)*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n) - 1)\n",


-      "L = v*60/(N*2)\n",


-      "Vs = V/N\n",


-      "D_LP = sqrt(Vs*V/(math.pi*L*n_vol))\n",


-      "D_HP = D_LP*sqrt(p1/p2)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Minimum power required by the compressure is \",W ,\" kW,\\n Bore of the compressure in low pressure side is \",D_LP*100 ,\" cm,\\n Bore of the compressure in high pressure side is \",D_HP*100 ,\" cm,\\n Stroke of the compressure is \",L*100 ,\" cm\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.8\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Minimum power required by the compressure is  49.3370051888  kW,\n",


-        " Bore of the compressure in low pressure side is  26.5961520268  cm,\n",


-        " Bore of the compressure in high pressure side is  8.92172168806  cm,\n",


-        " Stroke of the compressure is  36.0  cm\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 13


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.9:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",


-      "T1 = 300.0 # Temperature in K\n",


-      "p4 = 9.0# Compressed pressure in bar\n",


-      "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",


-      "R = 0.287 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "cp = 1.042 # Heat capapcity in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.9\\n\"\n",


-      "p2 = sqrt(p1*p4)\n",


-      "T2 =T1*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",


-      "Wc = (2*n/(n-1))*R*1*(T2-T1)\n",


-      "Wc_ = Wc/2\n",


-      "Q = 1*cp*(T2-T1)\n",


-      "Q_ = cp*(T1-T2)+Wc_\n",


-      "H = Q+2*Q_\n",


-      "print \"\\n Compressor work = \",Wc_ ,\" kJ/kg,\\n Total heat transfer to the surrounding = \",H ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",


-      "#The answers given in the book contain calculation error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.9\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Compressor work =  107.662023  kJ/kg,\n",


-        " Total heat transfer to the surrounding =  125.119949539  kJ/kg\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 14


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.10:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "N = 300.0 # Speed in RPM\n",


-      "# Intake condition of compressor\n",


-      "p1 = 0.98 # Pressure in bar\n",


-      "T1 = 305.0 # Temperature in K\n",


-      "\n",


-      "p6 = 20.0# Delivery pressure in bar\n",


-      "p3 = 5.0 # Intermediate pressure in bar\n",


-      "C = .04 # Ratio of clearance volume to the stroke volume\n",


-      "v = 3.0 # Volume flow rate of compressure in m**3/min\n",


-      "p = 1.0 # pressure in bar\n",


-      "t = 25.0 # Temperautre in degree centigrade\n",


-      "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",


-      "R = 0.287 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.10\\n\"\n",


-      "T = t+273\n",


-      "r0 = 1+C # Where r0 = v1/vs\n",


-      "r1 = C*(p3/p1)**(1/n)# Where r1 = v4/vs\n",


-      "r2=r0-r1#Where r2 is the ratio of volume of air taken at 0.98 bar,305 k and vs\n",


-      "r3 = r2*(T/T1)*p1/p # Where r3 is the ratio of volume of air taken at free air conditions and vs\n",


-      "n_vol = r3\n",


-      "m = p*(1e5)*(v/60)/(R*1000*T)\n",


-      "T2 = T1*((p3/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",


-      "# For perfect intercooling\n",


-      "T5 = T1\n",


-      "p5 = p3\n",


-      "T6 = T5*((p6/p5)**((n-1)/n))\n",


-      "Wc = (n/(n-1))*m*R*((T2-T1)+(T6-T5))\n",


-      "m_a_s = m*60/N\n",


-      "v_fa_s = m_a_s *(R*1000)*T/(p*1e5)\n",


-      "d = ((v_fa_s/n_vol)*(4/math.pi))**(1.0/3.0)\n",


-      "l = d # As given in the question\n",


-      "P_iso = m*R*T1*(log(p6/p1))\n",


-      "n_iso = P_iso/Wc\n",


-      "print \"\\n Diameter of cylinder = \",Wc,d*100 ,\" cm, \\n Storke of the cylinder = \",l*100 ,\" cm,\\n Isothermal efficiency = \",n_iso*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "#The answers given in the book contain calculation error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.10\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Diameter of cylinder =  18.484702902 24.5391705107  cm, \n",


-        " Storke of the cylinder =  24.5391705107  cm,\n",


-        " Isothermal efficiency =  83.4955018622  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 16


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.11:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "p1 = 1 # Intake pressure of compressor in bar\n",


-      "T1 = 298 # Intake temperature in K\n",


-      "p_d = 36 # Delivery pressure in bar\n",


-      "T2 = 390 # Maximum temperature in any stage in K\n",


-      "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",


-      "R = 0.287\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.11\\n\"\n",


-      "r = (T2/T1)**(n/(n-1))\n",


-      "N = math. ceil(r)\n",


-      "p2 = (p_d/p1)**(1/N)\n",


-      "p3 = (p_d/p1)**(2/N)\n",


-      "p4 = (p_d/p1)**(3/N)\n",


-      "Wc = (N*n*R*T1/(n-1))*((p_d/p1)**((n-1)/(N*n))-1)\n",


-      "Wc_ = (n/(n-1))*(1*R*T1)*((p_d/p1)**((n-1)/n)- 1)\n",


-      "T = T1*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",


-      "print \"\\n No of stages for min power input = \",N ,\",\\n Power required = \",Wc ,\" kW/kg air,\\n The power required for a single stage compressor = \",Wc_ ,\" kW,\\n Maximum temperature in any stage = \",T ,\" K\"\n",


-      "#The answers given in the book contain round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.11\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " No of stages for min power input =  1.0 ,\n",


-        " Power required =  476.74544125  kW/kg air,\n",


-        " The power required for a single stage compressor =  476.74544125  kW,\n",


-        " Maximum temperature in any stage =  681.338601917  K\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 17


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.12:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "p1 = 700.0 # Intake pressure of compressor in kPa\n",


-      "t1 = 38.0 # Intake temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "c = 0.4 # Ratio of cutoff volume to stroke volume\n",


-      "p3 = 112.0 # Back pressure in kPa\n",


-      "r = 0.85 # Ratio of area of actual indicator diagram to the outlined in the question\n",


-      "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",


-      "R = 0.287\n",


-      "m = 1.25 # Air mass in kg\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.12\\n\"\n",


-      "T1 = t1+273\n",


-      "T2 = T1/((1/c)**(n-1))\n",


-      "p2 = p1*(c**n)\n",


-      "V2 = m*R*T2/p2\n",


-      "v2 = V2/m\n",


-      "A = R*T1 + R*(T1-T2)/(n-1) - p3*v2\n",


-      "Io = A*r*m\n",


-      "print \"\\n Indicated output = \",Io ,\" kJ\"\n",


-      "# The answer given in the book vary due to round off error\n",


-      " \n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.12\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Indicated output =  132.877965499  kJ\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 18


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.13:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "d = 450.0 # Bore of low pressure cylinder in mm\n",


-      "l = 300.0 # Stroke in mm\n",


-      "c = 0.05 # Ratio of clearance volume to sweft volume\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0 # Intake pressure in bar\n",


-      "t1 = 18.0 # Intake temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "p4 = 15.0 # Delivery pressure in bar\n",


-      "n = 1.3 # Compression and expansion index\n",


-      "R = 0.29 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.13\\n\"\n",


-      "T1 = t1+273\n",


-      "r = (p4/p1)**(1.0/3.0)\n",


-      "p2 = p1*r\n",


-      "p3 = p2*r\n",


-      "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*1e-3)**2)*(l*1e-3)\n",


-      "V11 = c*Vs\n",


-      "V1 = Vs +V11\n",


-      "V12 = V11*((r)**(1.0/n))\n",


-      "Vs_e = V1 - V12\n",


-      "T3 = T1\n",


-      "T5 = T3\n",


-      "T6 = T1*(r**((n-1)/n))\n",


-      "t6 = T6-273\n",


-      "V6_7 = (p1/p4)*(T6/T1)*(V1 - V12)\n",


-      "W = (3*n*R*T1/(n-1))*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n)-1)\n",


-      "print \"\\n The intermediate pressure are - \\n p2 = \",p2 ,\" bar,\\n p3 = \",p3 ,\" bar,\\n The effective sweft volume = \",Vs ,\" m**3,\\n Temperature of air delivered per stroke at 15 bar = \",t6 ,\" degree centigrade,\\n The work done per kg of air = \",W ,\" kJ\"\n",


-      "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.13\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The intermediate pressure are - \n",


-        " p2 =  2.46621207433  bar,\n",


-        " p3 =  6.08220199557  bar,\n",


-        " The effective sweft volume =  0.0477129384264  m**3,\n",


-        " Temperature of air delivered per stroke at 15 bar =  85.3946742162  degree centigrade,\n",


-        " The work done per kg of air =  254.077921795  kJ\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 20


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.14:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "p1 = 1.013 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "r = 1.5 # Pressure ratio\n",


-      "Vs = 0.03 # Induce volume of air in m**3/rev\n",


-      "gama = 1.4 \n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.14\\n\"\n",


-      "p2 = p1*r\n",


-      "W = (p2-p1)*Vs*100\n",


-      "pi = (p1+p2)/2\n",


-      "A_A = (gama/(gama-1))*(p1*Vs)*((pi/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)-1)*100\n",


-      "Vb = Vs *((p1/pi)**(1/gama))\n",


-      "A_B = (p2-pi)*Vb*100\n",


-      "Wr = A_A + A_B\n",


-      "print \"\\n Work input = \",W ,\" kJ/rev,\\n Work input for a vane-type compressor = \",Wr ,\" kJ/rev\"\n",


-      "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",


-      " \n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.14\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Work input =  1.5195  kJ/rev,\n",


-        " Work input for a vane-type compressor =  1.34802979062  kJ/rev\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 21


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.15:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "m = 1.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",


-      "r = 2.0 # Prssure ratio of blower \n",


-      "t1 = 70.0 # Inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "R = 0.29 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "x = 0.7 # Reduction in pressure ratio and intake volume \n",


-      "gama = 1.4\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.15\\n\"\n",


-      "T1 = t1+273\n",


-      "V = m*R*T1/(p1*100)\n",


-      "P = V*(p1*r-p1)*100\n",


-      "p2 = p1*((1/x)**(gama))\n",


-      "V2 = x*V\n",


-      "P_ = (gama/(gama-1))*(p1*100*V)*((p2/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)-1) + V2*(p1*r-p2)*100\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power required to drive the blower = \",P ,\" kW,\\n Power required = \",P_ ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",


-      " \n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.15\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power required to drive the blower =  99.47  kW,\n",


-        " Power required =  77.9220893777  kW\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 22


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.16:pg-820"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "r1 = 2.5 # Pressure ratio of compressor for first stage\n",


-      "r2 = 2.1 # Pressure ratio of compressor for second stage\n",


-      "m = 5.0 # Mass flow rate of air in kg/s \n",


-      "t1 = 10.0 # Inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "p1 = 1.013 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "td = 50.0 # Temperature drop in intercooler in degree centigreade\n",


-      "n_iso = .85 # Isentropic efficiency\n",


-      "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "x = 0.7 # Reduction in pressure ratio and intake volume \n",


-      "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities for air\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.16\\n\"\n",


-      "T1 = t1+273\n",


-      "T2s = T1*((r1)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",


-      "T2 = T1 + (T2s-T1)/n_iso\n",


-      "T3 = T2 - td\n",


-      "T4s = T3*((r2)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",


-      "T4 = T3 + (T4s-T3)/n_iso\n",


-      "P = m*cp*((T2-T1)+(T4-T3))\n",


-      "print \"\\n Actual temperature at the end of first stage = \",T2 ,\" K,\\n Actual temperature at the end of second stage = \",T4 ,\" K,\\n The total compressor power = \",P ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.16\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Actual temperature at the end of first stage =  382.63704941  K,\n",


-        " Actual temperature at the end of second stage =  425.041961043  K,\n",


-        " The total compressor power =  965.01085424  kW\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 23


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.17:pg-821"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "r = 2.5 # Static pressure ratio of supercharger \n",


-      "p1 = 0.6 # Static inlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "t1 = 5 # Static inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "A_r = 13.0 # Air-fuel ratio\n",


-      "m = 0.04 # The rate of fuel consumed by the engine in kg/s\n",


-      "gama= 1.39 # For air-fuel mixture \n",


-      "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity for air-fuel mixture in kJ/kgk\n",


-      "n_iso = .84 # Isentropic efficiency of compressor \n",


-      "v = 120.0 # Exit velocity from the compressor in m/s\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.17\\n\"\n",


-      "T1 = t1+273\n",


-      "T2s = T1*((r)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",


-      "T2 = T1 +(T2s-T1)/n_iso\n",


-      "m_g = m*(A_r+1)\n",


-      "P = m_g*cp*(T2-T1)\n",


-      "T02 = T2 + (v**2)/(2*cp*1000)\n",


-      "t02 = T02-273\n",


-      "p02 = p1*r*((T02/T2)**(gama/(gama-1)))*100\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressor = \",P ,\" kW,\\n Stagnatio temperature = \",t02 ,\" degree centigrade,\\n Stagnation pressure = \",p02 ,\" kPa\"\n",


-      "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",


-      " \n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.17\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power required to drive the compressor =  54.6039650117  kW,\n",


-        " Stagnatio temperature =  109.18614963  degree centigrade,\n",


-        " Stagnation pressure =  160.465577551  kPa\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 24


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.18:pg-821"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "N = 10000 # Speed in RPM\n",


-      "V = 1.2 # Volume flow rate of free air in m**3/s\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "t1 = 27.0 # Inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "r = 5.0 # Pressure ratio\n",


-      "vf = 60.0 # Velocity flow rate in m/s\n",


-      "sigma = 0.9 # Slip factor\n",


-      "n_iso = 0.85 # Isentropic efficiency\n",


-      "gama = 1.4\n",


-      "R = 0.287\n",


-      "cp = 1.005\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.18\\n\"\n",


-      "T1 = t1+273\n",


-      "T2s = T1*((r)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",


-      "T2 = T1 +(T2s-T1)/n_iso\n",


-      "m = p1*100*V/(R*288)\n",


-      "Wc = m*cp*(T2-T1)\n",


-      "Vb2 = (Wc*1000/(m*sigma))**(1.0/2.0)\n",


-      "D = Vb2*60/(math.pi*N)\n",


-      "Vb1 = Vb2/2\n",


-      "beta1 = math.atan(vf/Vb1)\n",


-      "alpha = math.atan(vf/(sigma*Vb2))\n",


-      "print \"\\n The temperature of air at outlet = \",T2-273 ,\" degree centigrade,\\n Power input = \",Wc ,\" kW,\\n Diameter of impeller = \",D ,\" m, \\n Blade inlet angle = \",beta1 ,\" degree,\\n Diffuser inlet angle = \",alpha ,\" degree \"\n",


-      "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",


-      " \n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.18\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The temperature of air at outlet =  233.053979565  degree centigrade,\n",


-        " Power input =  300.644961473  kW,\n",


-        " Diameter of impeller =  0.916122726914  m, \n",


-        " Blade inlet angle =  0.245135262084  degree,\n",


-        " Diffuser inlet angle =  0.138096713577  degree \n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 27


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.19:pg-821"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "N = 264 # Speed in RPS\n",


-      "sigma = 0.91 # Slip factor\n",


-      "d = 0.482 # Impeller diameter in m\n",


-      "D = 0.306 # Impeller eye diameter\n",


-      "D_ = 0.153 # Impeller root eye diameter in m\n",


-      "vf = 138 # Uniform axial inlet velocity in m/s\n",


-      "V = 1.2 # Volume flow rate of free air in m**3/s\n",


-      "m = 9.1 # Air mass flow rate in kg/s\n",


-      "T1 = 294 # Inlet air stagnation temperature in K\n",


-      "n_iso = 0.8 # Total head isentropic efficiency\n",


-      "n_mech = 0.98 # Mechanical efficiency\n",


-      "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities\n",


-      "cp = 1.006 # Heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.19\\n\"\n",


-      "Wc = m*sigma*(2*math.pi*d*N/2)/1000\n",


-      "P_e = Wc/n_mech\n",


-      "delta_T = Wc/(m*cp)\n",


-      "delta_T_ideal = delta_T*n_iso\n",


-      "T2_i = delta_T_ideal + T1\n",


-      "r = (T2_i/T1)**(gama/(gama-1)) # Where r = p02/p01\n",


-      "Vb = 2*math.pi*N*D/2\n",


-      "V_er = (2*math.pi*N*D_/2)\n",


-      "beta1 = math.atan(vf/Vb)\n",


-      "beta2 = math.atan(vf/V_er)\n",


-      "beta1_ = (beta1 - floor(beta1))*60\n",


-      "beta2_ = (beta2 - floor(beta2))*60\n",


-      "print \"\\n Total head pressure ratio = \",r ,\", \\n The required power at input shaft = \",P_e ,\" kW,\\n Inlet angle at the root = \",floor(beta1) ,\" degree and \",beta1_ ,\" minute,\\n Inlet angle at the tip = \",floor(beta2) ,\" degree and \",beta2_ ,\" minute\"\n",


-      "# The answers given in the book for total head pressure ratio and required power at input shaft contain calculation error\n",


-      " \n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.19\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Total head pressure ratio =  1.00344817308 , \n",


-        " The required power at input shaft =  3.37798367776  kW,\n",


-        " Inlet angle at the root =  0.0  degree and  29.8821913183  minute,\n",


-        " Inlet angle at the tip =  0.0  degree and  49.6377044903  minute\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 20


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.20:pg-821"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "N = 16000.0 # Speed in RPM\n",


-      "t1 = 17.0 # Intake temperture of gas in degree centigrade\n",


-      "rp = 4.0 # Pressure ratio\n",


-      "sigma = 0.85# Slip factor\n",


-      "n_iso = 0.82 # Isentropic efficiency\n",


-      "alpha_wirl = 20.0 # Pre-wirl angle in degree\n",


-      "d1 = 200.0 # Mean diameter of impeller eye in mm\n",


-      "V1 = 120.0 #Absolute air velocity in m/s\n",


-      "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities\n",


-      "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.20\\n\"\n",


-      "T1 = t1 + 273\n",


-      "T2s = T1*((rp)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",


-      "delta_Ts = T2s-1\n",


-      "delta_T = delta_Ts/n_iso\n",


-      "Wc = 1 *cp*delta_T\n",


-      "Vb1 = (math.pi*d1*(1e-3)*N)/60\n",


-      "Vw1 = V1*sin(alpha_wirl)\n",


-      "Vb2 = 459.78 # By solving quadratic equation 172.81e3=0.85*Vb2**2-167.55*41.05\n",


-      "d2 = Vb2*60/(math.pi*N)\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Impeller tip diameter = \",d2*1000 ,\" mm\"\n",


-      "# The answer given in the book varies due to round off error\n",


-      " \n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.20\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Impeller tip diameter =  548.821948011  mm\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 3


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.21:pg-821"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "m = 2.5 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "T1 = 300.0 # Inlet temperature in bar\n",


-      "n_s = 0.88 # Stage efficiency\n",


-      "Wc = 600.0 # Power input in kW\n",


-      "delta_t = 21.0 # Temperature rise in first stage in degree centigrade\n",


-      "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities \n",


-      "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.21\\n\"\n",


-      "x = n_s*gama/(gama-1)# Where x = (n/(n-1))\n",


-      "T = Wc/(m*cp)+T1\n",


-      "p = p1*((T/T1)**(x))\n",


-      "T2 = T1 + n_s*delta_t\n",


-      "r = ((T2/T1)**(gama/(gama-1)))# Where r = p2/p1\n",


-      "N = log(p/p1)/log(r)\n",


-      "N_ = math. ceil(N)\n",


-      "Ts = T1*(p/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)\n",


-      "n_inter = (Ts-T1)/(T-T1)\n",


-      "print \"\\n The delivery pressure = \",p ,\" bar,\\n The no of stages = \",N_ ,\",\\n The internal efficiency = \",n_inter ,\" \""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.21\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The delivery pressure =  6.07125291521  bar,\n",


-        " The no of stages =  9.0 ,\n",


-        " The internal efficiency =  0.84689822539  \n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 1


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.22:pg-821"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "D = 0.5 # Mean diameter of impeller in m\n",


-      "N = 15000.0 # Speed in RPM\n",


-      "Vf = 230.0 # Velocity of flow in m/s\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0  # Inlet pressure in bar\n",


-      "T1 = 300.0 # Inlet temperature in K\n",


-      "Vw1 = 80.0 # Velocity of whirl at inlet in m/s\n",


-      "n_s = 0.88 # Stage efficiency\n",


-      "rp = 1.5 # Pressure ratio\n",


-      "gama = 1.4 \n",


-      "cp = 1.0005\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.22\\n\"\n",


-      "Vb = (math.pi*D*N/60)\n",


-      "Ts = T1*((rp)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",


-      "T = T1 + (Ts-T1)/n_s\n",


-      "Wc = cp*(T-T1)\n",


-      "Vw2 = Vw1 + (Wc*1000)/(Vb)\n",


-      "beta1 = math.atan(Vf/(Vb-Vw1))\n",


-      "beta2 =  math.atan(Vf/(Vb-Vw2))\n",


-      "theta = beta2-beta1\n",


-      "R = 1-((Vw1+Vw2)/(2*Vb))\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Fluid deflection angle = \",theta ,\" degree,\\n Power input = \",Wc ,\" kJ/kg,\\n The degree of reaction = \",R*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "# The answers given in the book vary because of round off error\n",


-      " \n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.22\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Fluid deflection angle =  0.206163966177  degree,\n",


-        " Power input =  41.8928434516  kJ/kg,\n",


-        " The degree of reaction =  66.0453433333  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 6


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.23:pg-821"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "v = 5.0 #olume flow rate in m**3/s\n",


-      "d = 1.0 #ean impeller diameter in m\n",


-      "D = 0.6 # Hub diameter in m\n",


-      "N = 600.0 #otational speed in RPM\n",


-      "h = 35.0 #heoratical head in mm\n",


-      "rho = 1.2 # Density of air in kg/m**3\n",


-      "rho_w = 1000.0 #ensity of water in kg/m**3\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.23\\n\"\n",


-      "Vf = v*4/(math.pi*(d**2 - D**2))\n",


-      "Vb = (math.pi*d*N/60)\n",


-      "Vb_ = (math.pi*D*N/60)\n",


-      "H = h/rho\n",


-      "Vw2 = H*9.81/(Vb)\n",


-      "Vw2_ = H*9.81/(Vb_)\n",


-      "beta_tip = (Vf/(Vb_-Vw2))\n",


-      "beta_hub = (Vf/(Vb_-Vw2_))\n",


-      "print \"\\n Blade angle at the tip = \",beta_tip ,\" degree,\\n Blade angle at the hub = \",beta_hub ,\" degree\"\n",


-      "# The answers given in the book vary because of round off error\n",


-      " \n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.23\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Blade angle at the tip =  1.02107077046  degree,\n",


-        " Blade angle at the hub =  2.71029118833  degree\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 16


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex19.24:pg-821"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "N0 = 9000.0 # Rotational speed in RPM\n",


-      "Q = 6.0 # Volume flow rate in m**3/s\n",


-      "p1 = 1.0 # Initial pressure in bar\n",


-      "t1 = 25.0 # Initial temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "p2 = 2.2 # Compressed pressure in bar\n",


-      "n = 1.33 # Compression index\n",


-      "Vf = 75.0 # Velocity of flow in m/s\n",


-      "beta1 = 30.0 # Blade angle at inlet in degree\n",


-      "beta2 = 55.0 # Blade angle at outlet in degree\n",


-      "d = 0.75 # Diameter of impeller in m\n",


-      "cp = 1.005 \n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 19.24\\n\"\n",


-      "T1 = t1+273\n",


-      "T2 = T1*(p2/p1)**((n-1)/n)\n",


-      "Wc = cp*(T2-T1)\n",


-      "x = Wc # Where x = Vw2*Vb2\n",


-      "y = Vf/tan(beta2)# Where y = Vb2-Vw2(Equation 1)\n",


-      "z = (y**2 +4*x*1000)**(0.5) # Where z = Vw2+Vb2(Equation 2)\n",


-      "# By solving Equation 1 and Equation 2\n",


-      "Vb2 = (y+z)/2\n",


-      "Vw2 = ((z-y)/2)\n",


-      "N = Vb2*60/(math.pi*d)\n",


-      "Vb1 = Vf/tan(beta1)\n",


-      "D1 = Vb1*60/(math.pi*N)\n",


-      "b1 = Q/(math.pi*D1*Vf)\n",


-      "Q_ = Q* (1/p2)*(T2/T1)\n",


-      "b2 = Q_/(math.pi*d*Vf)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Speed of impeller = \",N ,\" RPM,\\n Impeller width at inlet = \",b1*100 ,\" cm,\\n Impeller width at outlet = \",b2*100 ,\" cm,\"\n",


-      "# The answers given in the book vary because of round off error\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 19.24\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Speed of impeller = "


-       ]


-      },


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        " 6456.85894335  RPM,\n",


-        " Impeller width at inlet =  -73.5259022616  cm,\n",


-        " Impeller width at outlet =  1.87680083777  cm,\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 18


-    }


-   ],


-   "metadata": {}


-  }


- ]


-}
\ No newline at end of file
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 19: Gas Compressors"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.1:pg-818"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.1\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Pressure ratio is  8.4764775804\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Indicated power is  11.2490101513  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Shaft power is  14.0612626891  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Mass flow rate is  0.0723071537289  kg/s\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Pressure ratio when second stage is added is  71.8506721711\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Volume derived per cycle is V2  0.000327741753347  m**3\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Second stage bore would be  52.7442736748  mm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T2 = 488.0\n",
+    "T1 = 298.0 \n",
+    "n = 1.3 \n",
+    "R =8314.0/44.0\n",
+    "rp = (T2/T1)**(n/(n-1))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "b = 0.12 # Bore of compressor\n",
+    "L = 0.15 # Stroke of compressor\n",
+    "V1 = (math.pi/4)*(b)**2*L  \n",
+    "P1 = 120e03 # in kPa\n",
+    "W = ((n*P1*V1)/(n-1))*(((rp)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",
+    "P = (W*1200*0.001)/60  \n",
+    "\n",
+    "V1_dot = V1*(1200.0/60.0)\n",
+    "m_dot = (P1*V1_dot)/(R*T1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "rp_1 = rp**2\n",
+    "V2 = (1/rp)**(1/n)*V1\n",
+    "d = math.sqrt((V2*4)/(L*math.pi))\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.1\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Pressure ratio is \",rp\n",
+    "print \"\\n Indicated power is \",P ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Shaft power is \",P/0.8 ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Mass flow rate is \",m_dot ,\" kg/s\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Pressure ratio when second stage is added is \",rp_1\n",
+    "print \"\\n Volume derived per cycle is V2 \",V2 ,\" m**3\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Second stage bore would be \",d*1000 ,\" mm\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.2:pg-819"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.2 \n",
+      " \n",
+      "\n",
+      " Volumetric efficiency of system is  73.7793963433  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "c = 0.05 # Clearance volume\n",
+    "p1 = 96.0 # Inlet ressure in bar\n",
+    "p2 = 725.0 # Outlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "pa = 101.3 # Atmospheric pressure\n",
+    "Ta = 292.0 # Atmospheric temperature in kelvin\n",
+    "T1 = 305.0 # Inlet temperature in Kelvin\n",
+    "n = 1.3 # polytropic index\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.2 \\n \"\n",
+    "n_v = (1+c-c*((p2/p1)**(1/n)))*(p1/pa)*(Ta/T1)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Volumetric efficiency of system is \",n_v*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "# Answer is not mentioned in book\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.3:pg-819"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Indicated poer is  5.47565638255  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Volumetric efficiency is  78.6098417845  percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Mass flow rate is  1.54145895718  kg/min\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Free air delivery is  1.25775746855  m**3/min\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Isothermal efficiency is  80.6428056306  percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Input power is  6.44194868535  kW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "P1 = 101.3e03 \n",
+    "P4 = P1 # in Pa\n",
+    "P2 = 8*P1  \n",
+    "P3 = P2\n",
+    "T1 = 288 \n",
+    "Vs = 2000\n",
+    "V3 = 100 \n",
+    "Vc = V3\n",
+    "V1 = Vs + Vc \n",
+    "n = 1.25 \n",
+    "R = 287\n",
+    "V4 = ((P3/P4)**(1/n))*V3\n",
+    "W = ((n*P1*(V1-V4)*1e-06)/(n-1))*(((P2/P1)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",
+    "P = (W*800*0.001)/60  \n",
+    "\n",
+    "m = (P1*(V1-V4)*1e-06)/(R*T1)\n",
+    "m_dot = m*800\n",
+    "\n",
+    "FAD = (V1-V4)*1e-06*800\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Wt = P1*(V1-V4)*1e-06*math.log(P2/P1)\n",
+    "n_isothermal = (Wt*800*0.001)/(P*60)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Pi = P/0.85\n",
+    "n_v =100*(V1-V4)/Vs\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.3\\n\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Indicated poer is \",P ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Volumetric efficiency is \",n_v ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Mass flow rate is \",m_dot ,\" kg/min\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Free air delivery is \",FAD ,\" m**3/min\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Isothermal efficiency is \",100*n_isothermal ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Input power is \",Pi ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.4:pg-819"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.4\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power input is  9.55276123312  kW, \n",
+      " Volumetric efficiency is  55.4657309635  percent, \n",
+      " Bore of the cylinder is  0.184932327621  m, \n",
+      " Stroke of the cylinder is  0.277398491431  m\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "m = 3.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/min\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0 # Initial pressure in bar\n",
+    "T1 = 300.0 # Initial temperature in K\n",
+    "p3 = 6.0 # Pressure after compression in bar\n",
+    "p5 = 15.0 # Maximum pressure in bar\n",
+    "N = 300.0 # Rpm of compressure\n",
+    "n = 1.3 # Index of compression and expansion \n",
+    "r = 1.5 # Stroke to bore ratio\n",
+    "R = 287.0 # Gas constant of air\n",
+    "t = 15.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.4\\n\"\n",
+    "T = t+273\n",
+    "Wc = (n/(n-1))*(m/60)*(R*(1e-3)*T1)*(((p3/p1)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",
+    "r1 = (p5/p1)**(1.0/n)# Where r1 = V1/Vc\n",
+    "r2 = r1-1 # Where r2 = Vs/Vc\n",
+    "r3 = (p3/p1)**(1.0/n)\n",
+    "n_vol = (r1-r3)*(T/T1)/r2\n",
+    "V = m*R*T/(2*(1e5)*N)\n",
+    "Vs = V/n_vol\n",
+    "d = (Vs*4/(math.pi*r))**(1.0/3.0)\n",
+    "l = r*d\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power input is \",Wc ,\" kW, \\n Volumetric efficiency is \",n_vol*100 ,\" percent, \\n Bore of the cylinder is \",d ,\" m, \\n Stroke of the cylinder is \",l ,\" m\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.5:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.5\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power required to drive the unit is  17.7326053799  kW,\n",
+      " Isothermal efficiency is  65.8690064051  percent,\n",
+      " Mechanical efficiency is  98.5144743328  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "d = 15.0 # Diameter in cm\n",
+    "l = 18.0 # Stroke in cm\n",
+    "C = 0.04 # Ratio of clearance volume and sweft volume\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",
+    "t1 = 25.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "p2 = 8.0# Pressure in bar\n",
+    "N = 1200.0 # Rpm of compressure \n",
+    "W = 18.0 # Actual power input in kW\n",
+    "m = 4.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/min\n",
+    "R = 0.287\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.5\\n\"\n",
+    "T1 = t1+273\n",
+    "v = R*T1/(p1*100)\n",
+    "V = m*v\n",
+    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(1e-2))**2)*(l*1e-2)*N\n",
+    "n_vol = V/Vs\n",
+    "n = (math.log(p2/p1))/(math.log((1+C-n_vol)/C))\n",
+    "# The value of n given in the example is wrong\n",
+    "n = 1.573\n",
+    "T2 = T1*(p2/p1)**((n-1)/n)\n",
+    "Wc = (n/(n-1))*(m*R/60)*(T2-T1)\n",
+    "n_mech = Wc/W\n",
+    "W_isothermal = m*R*T1*math.log(p2/p1)/60\n",
+    "n_iso = W_isothermal/W\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the unit is \",Wc ,\" kW,\\n Isothermal efficiency is \",n_iso*100 ,\" percent,\\n Mechanical efficiency is \",n_mech*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.6:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.6\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power required to drive the compressure is  181.333212391  kW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "d = 40.0 # Diameter in cm\n",
+    "l = 50.0 # Stroke in cm\n",
+    "D = 5.0 # Piston rod diameter in cm\n",
+    "C = 0.04 # Ratio of clearance volume and sweft volume\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",
+    "t1 = 15.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "p2 = 7.5# Pressure in bar\n",
+    "N = 300.0 # Rpm of compressure \n",
+    "n_vol = 0.8 # Volumetric efficiency\n",
+    "n_mech = 0.95 # Mechanical efficiency\n",
+    "n_iso = .7 # Isothermal efficiency\n",
+    "R = 0.287\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.6\\n\"\n",
+    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(1e-2))**2)*(l*(1e-2))\n",
+    "Vs_ = (math.pi/4)*(((d*(1e-2))**2)-(D*(1e-2))**2)*(l*1e-2)\n",
+    "Vs_min = (Vs+Vs_)*2*N\n",
+    "V1 = Vs_min*n_vol\n",
+    "W_iso = p1*V1*(math.log(p2/p1))\n",
+    "Win = W_iso/n_iso\n",
+    "Wc = Win/n_mech\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressure is \",Wc ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.7:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.7\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Minimum work done is  215.324046  kJ/kg,\n",
+      " Heat rejected to intercooler is  87.0010719231  kJ/kg\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",
+    "t1 = 27.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "n = 1.3 # Index of the compression process\n",
+    "p3 = 9.0# Pressure in bar\n",
+    "R = 0.287\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.7\\n\"\n",
+    "T1 = t1+273\n",
+    "p2 = math.sqrt(p1*p3)\n",
+    "Wc = ((2*n*R*T1)/(n-1))*(((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",
+    "T2 = T1*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",
+    "H = 1.005*(T2-T1)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Minimum work done is \",Wc ,\" kJ/kg,\\n Heat rejected to intercooler is \",H ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.8:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.8\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Minimum power required by the compressure is  49.3370051888  kW,\n",
+      " Bore of the compressure in low pressure side is  26.5961520268  cm,\n",
+      " Bore of the compressure in high pressure side is  8.92172168806  cm,\n",
+      " Stroke of the compressure is  36.0  cm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "V = 4.0 # Volume flow rate in m**3/min\n",
+    "p1 = 1.013 # Pressure in bar\n",
+    "t1 = 15.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "N = 250.0 # Speed in RPM\n",
+    "p4 = 80.0# Delivery pressure in bar\n",
+    "v = 3.0 #Speed of piston in m/sec\n",
+    "n_mech = .75 # Mechanical efficiency \n",
+    "n_vol = .8 # Volumetric efficiency\n",
+    "n = 1.25 # Polytropic index\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.8\\n\"\n",
+    "T1 = t1+273\n",
+    "p2 = math.sqrt(p1*p4)\n",
+    "W = (2*n/(n-1))*(p1*100/n_mech)*(V/60)*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n) - 1)\n",
+    "L = v*60/(N*2)\n",
+    "Vs = V/N\n",
+    "D_LP = math.sqrt(Vs*V/(math.pi*L*n_vol))\n",
+    "D_HP = D_LP*math.sqrt(p1/p2)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Minimum power required by the compressure is \",W ,\" kW,\\n Bore of the compressure in low pressure side is \",D_LP*100 ,\" cm,\\n Bore of the compressure in high pressure side is \",D_HP*100 ,\" cm,\\n Stroke of the compressure is \",L*100 ,\" cm\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.9:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.9\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Compressor work =  107.662023  kJ/kg,\n",
+      " Total heat transfer to the surrounding =  125.119949539  kJ/kg\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",
+    "T1 = 300.0 # Temperature in K\n",
+    "p4 = 9.0# Compressed pressure in bar\n",
+    "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",
+    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "cp = 1.042 # Heat capapcity in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.9\\n\"\n",
+    "p2 = math.sqrt(p1*p4)\n",
+    "T2 =T1*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",
+    "Wc = (2*n/(n-1))*R*1*(T2-T1)\n",
+    "Wc_ = Wc/2\n",
+    "Q = 1*cp*(T2-T1)\n",
+    "Q_ = cp*(T1-T2)+Wc_\n",
+    "H = Q+2*Q_\n",
+    "print \"\\n Compressor work = \",Wc_ ,\" kJ/kg,\\n Total heat transfer to the surrounding = \",H ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
+    "#The answers given in the book contain calculation error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.10:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.10\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Diameter of cylinder =  18.484702902 24.5391705107  cm, \n",
+      " Storke of the cylinder =  24.5391705107  cm,\n",
+      " Isothermal efficiency =  83.4955018622  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "N = 300.0 # Speed in RPM\n",
+    "# Intake condition of compressor\n",
+    "p1 = 0.98 # Pressure in bar\n",
+    "T1 = 305.0 # Temperature in K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "p6 = 20.0# Delivery pressure in bar\n",
+    "p3 = 5.0 # Intermediate pressure in bar\n",
+    "C = .04 # Ratio of clearance volume to the stroke volume\n",
+    "v = 3.0 # Volume flow rate of compressure in m**3/min\n",
+    "p = 1.0 # pressure in bar\n",
+    "t = 25.0 # Temperautre in degree centigrade\n",
+    "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",
+    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.10\\n\"\n",
+    "T = t+273\n",
+    "r0 = 1+C # Where r0 = v1/vs\n",
+    "r1 = C*(p3/p1)**(1/n)# Where r1 = v4/vs\n",
+    "r2=r0-r1#Where r2 is the ratio of volume of air taken at 0.98 bar,305 k and vs\n",
+    "r3 = r2*(T/T1)*p1/p # Where r3 is the ratio of volume of air taken at free air conditions and vs\n",
+    "n_vol = r3\n",
+    "m = p*(1e5)*(v/60)/(R*1000*T)\n",
+    "T2 = T1*((p3/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",
+    "# For perfect intercooling\n",
+    "T5 = T1\n",
+    "p5 = p3\n",
+    "T6 = T5*((p6/p5)**((n-1)/n))\n",
+    "Wc = (n/(n-1))*m*R*((T2-T1)+(T6-T5))\n",
+    "m_a_s = m*60/N\n",
+    "v_fa_s = m_a_s *(R*1000)*T/(p*1e5)\n",
+    "d = ((v_fa_s/n_vol)*(4/math.pi))**(1.0/3.0)\n",
+    "l = d # As given in the question\n",
+    "P_iso = m*R*T1*(math.log(p6/p1))\n",
+    "n_iso = P_iso/Wc\n",
+    "print \"\\n Diameter of cylinder = \",Wc,d*100 ,\" cm, \\n Storke of the cylinder = \",l*100 ,\" cm,\\n Isothermal efficiency = \",n_iso*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "#The answers given in the book contain calculation error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.11:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 24,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.11\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " No of stages for min power input =  1.0 ,\n",
+      " Power required =  476.74544125  kW/kg air,\n",
+      " The power required for a single stage compressor =  476.74544125  kW,\n",
+      " Maximum temperature in any stage =  681.338601917  K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "p1 = 1 # Intake pressure of compressor in bar\n",
+    "T1 = 298 # Intake temperature in K\n",
+    "p_d = 36 # Delivery pressure in bar\n",
+    "T2 = 390 # Maximum temperature in any stage in K\n",
+    "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",
+    "R = 0.287\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.11\\n\"\n",
+    "r = (T2/T1)**(n/(n-1))\n",
+    "N = math. ceil(r)\n",
+    "p2 = (p_d/p1)**(1/N)\n",
+    "p3 = (p_d/p1)**(2/N)\n",
+    "p4 = (p_d/p1)**(3/N)\n",
+    "Wc = (N*n*R*T1/(n-1))*((p_d/p1)**((n-1)/(N*n))-1)\n",
+    "Wc_ = (n/(n-1))*(1*R*T1)*((p_d/p1)**((n-1)/n)- 1)\n",
+    "T = T1*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",
+    "print \"\\n No of stages for min power input = \",N ,\",\\n Power required = \",Wc ,\" kW/kg air,\\n The power required for a single stage compressor = \",Wc_ ,\" kW,\\n Maximum temperature in any stage = \",T ,\" K\"\n",
+    "#The answers given in the book contain round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.12:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 25,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.12\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Indicated output =  132.877965499  kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "p1 = 700.0 # Intake pressure of compressor in kPa\n",
+    "t1 = 38.0 # Intake temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "c = 0.4 # Ratio of cutoff volume to stroke volume\n",
+    "p3 = 112.0 # Back pressure in kPa\n",
+    "r = 0.85 # Ratio of area of actual indicator diagram to the outlined in the question\n",
+    "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",
+    "R = 0.287\n",
+    "m = 1.25 # Air mass in kg\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.12\\n\"\n",
+    "T1 = t1+273\n",
+    "T2 = T1/((1/c)**(n-1))\n",
+    "p2 = p1*(c**n)\n",
+    "V2 = m*R*T2/p2\n",
+    "v2 = V2/m\n",
+    "A = R*T1 + R*(T1-T2)/(n-1) - p3*v2\n",
+    "Io = A*r*m\n",
+    "print \"\\n Indicated output = \",Io ,\" kJ\"\n",
+    "# The answer given in the book vary due to round off error\n",
+    " \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.13:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.13\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The intermediate pressure are - \n",
+      " p2 =  2.46621207433  bar,\n",
+      " p3 =  6.08220199557  bar,\n",
+      " The effective sweft volume =  0.0477129384264  m**3,\n",
+      " Temperature of air delivered per stroke at 15 bar =  85.3946742162  degree centigrade,\n",
+      " The work done per kg of air =  254.077921795  kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "d = 450.0 # Bore of low pressure cylinder in mm\n",
+    "l = 300.0 # Stroke in mm\n",
+    "c = 0.05 # Ratio of clearance volume to sweft volume\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0 # Intake pressure in bar\n",
+    "t1 = 18.0 # Intake temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "p4 = 15.0 # Delivery pressure in bar\n",
+    "n = 1.3 # Compression and expansion index\n",
+    "R = 0.29 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.13\\n\"\n",
+    "T1 = t1+273\n",
+    "r = (p4/p1)**(1.0/3.0)\n",
+    "p2 = p1*r\n",
+    "p3 = p2*r\n",
+    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*1e-3)**2)*(l*1e-3)\n",
+    "V11 = c*Vs\n",
+    "V1 = Vs +V11\n",
+    "V12 = V11*((r)**(1.0/n))\n",
+    "Vs_e = V1 - V12\n",
+    "T3 = T1\n",
+    "T5 = T3\n",
+    "T6 = T1*(r**((n-1)/n))\n",
+    "t6 = T6-273\n",
+    "V6_7 = (p1/p4)*(T6/T1)*(V1 - V12)\n",
+    "W = (3*n*R*T1/(n-1))*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n)-1)\n",
+    "print \"\\n The intermediate pressure are - \\n p2 = \",p2 ,\" bar,\\n p3 = \",p3 ,\" bar,\\n The effective sweft volume = \",Vs ,\" m**3,\\n Temperature of air delivered per stroke at 15 bar = \",t6 ,\" degree centigrade,\\n The work done per kg of air = \",W ,\" kJ\"\n",
+    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.14:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 27,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.14\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Work input =  1.5195  kJ/rev,\n",
+      " Work input for a vane-type compressor =  1.34802979062  kJ/rev\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "p1 = 1.013 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "r = 1.5 # Pressure ratio\n",
+    "Vs = 0.03 # Induce volume of air in m**3/rev\n",
+    "gama = 1.4 \n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.14\\n\"\n",
+    "p2 = p1*r\n",
+    "W = (p2-p1)*Vs*100\n",
+    "pi = (p1+p2)/2\n",
+    "A_A = (gama/(gama-1))*(p1*Vs)*((pi/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)-1)*100\n",
+    "Vb = Vs *((p1/pi)**(1/gama))\n",
+    "A_B = (p2-pi)*Vb*100\n",
+    "Wr = A_A + A_B\n",
+    "print \"\\n Work input = \",W ,\" kJ/rev,\\n Work input for a vane-type compressor = \",Wr ,\" kJ/rev\"\n",
+    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",
+    " \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.15:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 28,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.15\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power required to drive the blower =  99.47  kW,\n",
+      " Power required =  77.9220893777  kW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "m = 1.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
+    "r = 2.0 # Prssure ratio of blower \n",
+    "t1 = 70.0 # Inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "R = 0.29 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "x = 0.7 # Reduction in pressure ratio and intake volume \n",
+    "gama = 1.4\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.15\\n\"\n",
+    "T1 = t1+273\n",
+    "V = m*R*T1/(p1*100)\n",
+    "P = V*(p1*r-p1)*100\n",
+    "p2 = p1*((1/x)**(gama))\n",
+    "V2 = x*V\n",
+    "P_ = (gama/(gama-1))*(p1*100*V)*((p2/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)-1) + V2*(p1*r-p2)*100\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the blower = \",P ,\" kW,\\n Power required = \",P_ ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",
+    " \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.16:pg-820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 29,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.16\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Actual temperature at the end of first stage =  382.63704941  K,\n",
+      " Actual temperature at the end of second stage =  425.041961043  K,\n",
+      " The total compressor power =  965.01085424  kW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "r1 = 2.5 # Pressure ratio of compressor for first stage\n",
+    "r2 = 2.1 # Pressure ratio of compressor for second stage\n",
+    "m = 5.0 # Mass flow rate of air in kg/s \n",
+    "t1 = 10.0 # Inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "p1 = 1.013 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "td = 50.0 # Temperature drop in intercooler in degree centigreade\n",
+    "n_iso = .85 # Isentropic efficiency\n",
+    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "x = 0.7 # Reduction in pressure ratio and intake volume \n",
+    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities for air\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.16\\n\"\n",
+    "T1 = t1+273\n",
+    "T2s = T1*((r1)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
+    "T2 = T1 + (T2s-T1)/n_iso\n",
+    "T3 = T2 - td\n",
+    "T4s = T3*((r2)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
+    "T4 = T3 + (T4s-T3)/n_iso\n",
+    "P = m*cp*((T2-T1)+(T4-T3))\n",
+    "print \"\\n Actual temperature at the end of first stage = \",T2 ,\" K,\\n Actual temperature at the end of second stage = \",T4 ,\" K,\\n The total compressor power = \",P ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.17:pg-821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 30,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.17\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power required to drive the compressor =  54.6039650117  kW,\n",
+      " Stagnatio temperature =  109.18614963  degree centigrade,\n",
+      " Stagnation pressure =  160.465577551  kPa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "r = 2.5 # Static pressure ratio of supercharger \n",
+    "p1 = 0.6 # Static inlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "t1 = 5 # Static inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "A_r = 13.0 # Air-fuel ratio\n",
+    "m = 0.04 # The rate of fuel consumed by the engine in kg/s\n",
+    "gama= 1.39 # For air-fuel mixture \n",
+    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity for air-fuel mixture in kJ/kgk\n",
+    "n_iso = .84 # Isentropic efficiency of compressor \n",
+    "v = 120.0 # Exit velocity from the compressor in m/s\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.17\\n\"\n",
+    "T1 = t1+273\n",
+    "T2s = T1*((r)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
+    "T2 = T1 +(T2s-T1)/n_iso\n",
+    "m_g = m*(A_r+1)\n",
+    "P = m_g*cp*(T2-T1)\n",
+    "T02 = T2 + (v**2)/(2*cp*1000)\n",
+    "t02 = T02-273\n",
+    "p02 = p1*r*((T02/T2)**(gama/(gama-1)))*100\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressor = \",P ,\" kW,\\n Stagnatio temperature = \",t02 ,\" degree centigrade,\\n Stagnation pressure = \",p02 ,\" kPa\"\n",
+    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",
+    " \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.18:pg-821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 31,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.18\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The temperature of air at outlet =  233.053979565  degree centigrade,\n",
+      " Power input =  300.644961473  kW,\n",
+      " Diameter of impeller =  0.916122726914  m, \n",
+      " Blade inlet angle =  0.245135262084  degree,\n",
+      " Diffuser inlet angle =  0.138096713577  degree \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "N = 10000 # Speed in RPM\n",
+    "V = 1.2 # Volume flow rate of free air in m**3/s\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "t1 = 27.0 # Inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "r = 5.0 # Pressure ratio\n",
+    "vf = 60.0 # Velocity flow rate in m/s\n",
+    "sigma = 0.9 # Slip factor\n",
+    "n_iso = 0.85 # Isentropic efficiency\n",
+    "gama = 1.4\n",
+    "R = 0.287\n",
+    "cp = 1.005\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.18\\n\"\n",
+    "T1 = t1+273\n",
+    "T2s = T1*((r)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
+    "T2 = T1 +(T2s-T1)/n_iso\n",
+    "m = p1*100*V/(R*288)\n",
+    "Wc = m*cp*(T2-T1)\n",
+    "Vb2 = (Wc*1000/(m*sigma))**(1.0/2.0)\n",
+    "D = Vb2*60/(math.pi*N)\n",
+    "Vb1 = Vb2/2\n",
+    "beta1 = math.atan(vf/Vb1)\n",
+    "alpha = math.atan(vf/(sigma*Vb2))\n",
+    "print \"\\n The temperature of air at outlet = \",T2-273 ,\" degree centigrade,\\n Power input = \",Wc ,\" kW,\\n Diameter of impeller = \",D ,\" m, \\n Blade inlet angle = \",beta1 ,\" degree,\\n Diffuser inlet angle = \",alpha ,\" degree \"\n",
+    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",
+    " \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.19:pg-821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 36,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      " \n",
+      " Example 19.19\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Total head pressure ratio =  1.00344817308 , \n",
+      " The required power at input shaft =  3.37798367776  kW,\n",
+      " Inlet angle at the root =  0.0  degree and  29.8821913183  minute,\n",
+      " Inlet angle at the tip =  0.0  degree and  49.6377044903  minute\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "N = 264 # Speed in RPS\n",
+    "sigma = 0.91 # Slip factor\n",
+    "d = 0.482 # Impeller diameter in m\n",
+    "D = 0.306 # Impeller eye diameter\n",
+    "D_ = 0.153 # Impeller root eye diameter in m\n",
+    "vf = 138 # Uniform axial inlet velocity in m/s\n",
+    "V = 1.2 # Volume flow rate of free air in m**3/s\n",
+    "m = 9.1 # Air mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
+    "T1 = 294 # Inlet air stagnation temperature in K\n",
+    "n_iso = 0.8 # Total head isentropic efficiency\n",
+    "n_mech = 0.98 # Mechanical efficiency\n",
+    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities\n",
+    "cp = 1.006 # Heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.19\\n\"\n",
+    "Wc = m*sigma*(2*math.pi*d*N/2)/1000\n",
+    "P_e = Wc/n_mech\n",
+    "delta_T = Wc/(m*cp)\n",
+    "delta_T_ideal = delta_T*n_iso\n",
+    "T2_i = delta_T_ideal + T1\n",
+    "r = (T2_i/T1)**(gama/(gama-1)) # Where r = p02/p01\n",
+    "Vb = 2*math.pi*N*D/2\n",
+    "V_er = (2*math.pi*N*D_/2)\n",
+    "beta1 = math.atan(vf/Vb)\n",
+    "beta2 = math.atan(vf/V_er)\n",
+    "beta1_ = (beta1 - math.floor(beta1))*60\n",
+    "beta2_ = (beta2 - math.floor(beta2))*60\n",
+    "print \"\\n Total head pressure ratio = \",r ,\", \\n The required power at input shaft = \",P_e ,\" kW,\\n Inlet angle at the root = \",math.floor(beta1) ,\" degree and \",beta1_ ,\" minute,\\n Inlet angle at the tip = \",math.floor(beta2) ,\" degree and \",beta2_ ,\" minute\"\n",
+    "# The answers given in the book for total head pressure ratio and required power at input shaft contain calculation error\n",
+    " \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.20:pg-821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 38,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.20\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Impeller tip diameter =  548.821948011  mm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "N = 16000.0 # Speed in RPM\n",
+    "t1 = 17.0 # Intake temperture of gas in degree centigrade\n",
+    "rp = 4.0 # Pressure ratio\n",
+    "sigma = 0.85# Slip factor\n",
+    "n_iso = 0.82 # Isentropic efficiency\n",
+    "alpha_wirl = 20.0 # Pre-wirl angle in degree\n",
+    "d1 = 200.0 # Mean diameter of impeller eye in mm\n",
+    "V1 = 120.0 #Absolute air velocity in m/s\n",
+    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities\n",
+    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.20\\n\"\n",
+    "T1 = t1 + 273\n",
+    "T2s = T1*((rp)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
+    "delta_Ts = T2s-1\n",
+    "delta_T = delta_Ts/n_iso\n",
+    "Wc = 1 *cp*delta_T\n",
+    "Vb1 = (math.pi*d1*(1e-3)*N)/60\n",
+    "Vw1 = V1*math.sin(alpha_wirl)\n",
+    "Vb2 = 459.78 # By solving quadratic equation 172.81e3=0.85*Vb2**2-167.55*41.05\n",
+    "d2 = Vb2*60/(math.pi*N)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Impeller tip diameter = \",d2*1000 ,\" mm\"\n",
+    "# The answer given in the book varies due to round off error\n",
+    " \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.21:pg-821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 41,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.21\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The delivery pressure =  6.07125291521  bar,\n",
+      " The no of stages =  9.0 ,\n",
+      " The internal efficiency =  0.84689822539  \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "m = 2.5 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "T1 = 300.0 # Inlet temperature in bar\n",
+    "n_s = 0.88 # Stage efficiency\n",
+    "Wc = 600.0 # Power input in kW\n",
+    "delta_t = 21.0 # Temperature rise in first stage in degree centigrade\n",
+    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities \n",
+    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.21\\n\"\n",
+    "x = n_s*gama/(gama-1)# Where x = (n/(n-1))\n",
+    "T = Wc/(m*cp)+T1\n",
+    "p = p1*((T/T1)**(x))\n",
+    "T2 = T1 + n_s*delta_t\n",
+    "r = ((T2/T1)**(gama/(gama-1)))# Where r = p2/p1\n",
+    "N = math.log(p/p1)/math.log(r)\n",
+    "N_ = math. ceil(N)\n",
+    "Ts = T1*(p/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)\n",
+    "n_inter = (Ts-T1)/(T-T1)\n",
+    "print \"\\n The delivery pressure = \",p ,\" bar,\\n The no of stages = \",N_ ,\",\\n The internal efficiency = \",n_inter ,\" \""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.22:pg-821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 42,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.22\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Fluid deflection angle =  0.206163966177  degree,\n",
+      " Power input =  41.8928434516  kJ/kg,\n",
+      " The degree of reaction =  66.0453433333  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "D = 0.5 # Mean diameter of impeller in m\n",
+    "N = 15000.0 # Speed in RPM\n",
+    "Vf = 230.0 # Velocity of flow in m/s\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0  # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
+    "T1 = 300.0 # Inlet temperature in K\n",
+    "Vw1 = 80.0 # Velocity of whirl at inlet in m/s\n",
+    "n_s = 0.88 # Stage efficiency\n",
+    "rp = 1.5 # Pressure ratio\n",
+    "gama = 1.4 \n",
+    "cp = 1.0005\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.22\\n\"\n",
+    "Vb = (math.pi*D*N/60)\n",
+    "Ts = T1*((rp)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
+    "T = T1 + (Ts-T1)/n_s\n",
+    "Wc = cp*(T-T1)\n",
+    "Vw2 = Vw1 + (Wc*1000)/(Vb)\n",
+    "beta1 = math.atan(Vf/(Vb-Vw1))\n",
+    "beta2 =  math.atan(Vf/(Vb-Vw2))\n",
+    "theta = beta2-beta1\n",
+    "R = 1-((Vw1+Vw2)/(2*Vb))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Fluid deflection angle = \",theta ,\" degree,\\n Power input = \",Wc ,\" kJ/kg,\\n The degree of reaction = \",R*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "# The answers given in the book vary because of round off error\n",
+    " \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.23:pg-821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 43,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.23\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Blade angle at the tip =  1.02107077046  degree,\n",
+      " Blade angle at the hub =  2.71029118833  degree\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "v = 5.0 #olume flow rate in m**3/s\n",
+    "d = 1.0 #ean impeller diameter in m\n",
+    "D = 0.6 # Hub diameter in m\n",
+    "N = 600.0 #otational speed in RPM\n",
+    "h = 35.0 #heoratical head in mm\n",
+    "rho = 1.2 # Density of air in kg/m**3\n",
+    "rho_w = 1000.0 #ensity of water in kg/m**3\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.23\\n\"\n",
+    "Vf = v*4/(math.pi*(d**2 - D**2))\n",
+    "Vb = (math.pi*d*N/60)\n",
+    "Vb_ = (math.pi*D*N/60)\n",
+    "H = h/rho\n",
+    "Vw2 = H*9.81/(Vb)\n",
+    "Vw2_ = H*9.81/(Vb_)\n",
+    "beta_tip = (Vf/(Vb_-Vw2))\n",
+    "beta_hub = (Vf/(Vb_-Vw2_))\n",
+    "print \"\\n Blade angle at the tip = \",beta_tip ,\" degree,\\n Blade angle at the hub = \",beta_hub ,\" degree\"\n",
+    "# The answers given in the book vary because of round off error\n",
+    " \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.24:pg-821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 45,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 19.24\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Speed of impeller =  6456.85894335  RPM,\n",
+      " Impeller width at inlet =  -73.5259022616  cm,\n",
+      " Impeller width at outlet =  1.87680083777  cm,\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "N0 = 9000.0 # Rotational speed in RPM\n",
+    "Q = 6.0 # Volume flow rate in m**3/s\n",
+    "p1 = 1.0 # Initial pressure in bar\n",
+    "t1 = 25.0 # Initial temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "p2 = 2.2 # Compressed pressure in bar\n",
+    "n = 1.33 # Compression index\n",
+    "Vf = 75.0 # Velocity of flow in m/s\n",
+    "beta1 = 30.0 # Blade angle at inlet in degree\n",
+    "beta2 = 55.0 # Blade angle at outlet in degree\n",
+    "d = 0.75 # Diameter of impeller in m\n",
+    "cp = 1.005 \n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 19.24\\n\"\n",
+    "T1 = t1+273\n",
+    "T2 = T1*(p2/p1)**((n-1)/n)\n",
+    "Wc = cp*(T2-T1)\n",
+    "x = Wc # Where x = Vw2*Vb2\n",
+    "y = Vf/math.tan(beta2)# Where y = Vb2-Vw2(Equation 1)\n",
+    "z = (y**2 +4*x*1000)**(0.5) # Where z = Vw2+Vb2(Equation 2)\n",
+    "# By solving Equation 1 and Equation 2\n",
+    "Vb2 = (y+z)/2\n",
+    "Vw2 = ((z-y)/2)\n",
+    "N = Vb2*60/(math.pi*d)\n",
+    "Vb1 = Vf/math.tan(beta1)\n",
+    "D1 = Vb1*60/(math.pi*N)\n",
+    "b1 = Q/(math.pi*D1*Vf)\n",
+    "Q_ = Q* (1/p2)*(T2/T1)\n",
+    "b2 = Q_/(math.pi*d*Vf)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Speed of impeller = \",N ,\" RPM,\\n Impeller width at inlet = \",b1*100 ,\" cm,\\n Impeller width at outlet = \",b2*100 ,\" cm,\"\n",
+    "# The answers given in the book vary because of round off error\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter19_GQTZX04.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter19_GQTZX04.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1f8e6f43..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter19_GQTZX04.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1372 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 19: Gas Compressors"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.1:pg-818"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Pressure ratio is  8.4764775804\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Indicated power is  11.2490101513  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Shaft power is  14.0612626891  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mass flow rate is  0.0723071537289  kg/s\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Pressure ratio when second stage is added is  71.8506721711\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Volume derived per cycle is V2  0.000327741753347  m**3\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Second stage bore would be  52.7442736748  mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T2 = 488.0\n",
-    "T1 = 298.0 \n",
-    "n = 1.3 \n",
-    "R =8314.0/44.0\n",
-    "rp = (T2/T1)**(n/(n-1))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b = 0.12 # Bore of compressor\n",
-    "L = 0.15 # Stroke of compressor\n",
-    "V1 = (math.pi/4)*(b)**2*L  \n",
-    "P1 = 120e03 # in kPa\n",
-    "W = ((n*P1*V1)/(n-1))*(((rp)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",
-    "P = (W*1200*0.001)/60  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "V1_dot = V1*(1200.0/60.0)\n",
-    "m_dot = (P1*V1_dot)/(R*T1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rp_1 = rp**2\n",
-    "V2 = (1/rp)**(1/n)*V1\n",
-    "d = math.sqrt((V2*4)/(L*math.pi))\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.1\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Pressure ratio is \",rp\n",
-    "print \"\\n Indicated power is \",P ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Shaft power is \",P/0.8 ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mass flow rate is \",m_dot ,\" kg/s\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Pressure ratio when second stage is added is \",rp_1\n",
-    "print \"\\n Volume derived per cycle is V2 \",V2 ,\" m**3\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Second stage bore would be \",d*1000 ,\" mm\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.2:pg-819"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.2 \n",
-      " \n",
-      "\n",
-      " Volumetric efficiency of system is  73.7793963433  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "c = 0.05 # Clearance volume\n",
-    "p1 = 96.0 # Inlet ressure in bar\n",
-    "p2 = 725.0 # Outlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "pa = 101.3 # Atmospheric pressure\n",
-    "Ta = 292.0 # Atmospheric temperature in kelvin\n",
-    "T1 = 305.0 # Inlet temperature in Kelvin\n",
-    "n = 1.3 # polytropic index\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.2 \\n \"\n",
-    "n_v = (1+c-c*((p2/p1)**(1/n)))*(p1/pa)*(Ta/T1)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Volumetric efficiency of system is \",n_v*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "# Answer is not mentioned in book\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.3:pg-819"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Indicated poer is  5.47565638255  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Volumetric efficiency is  78.6098417845  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mass flow rate is  1.54145895718  kg/min\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Free air delivery is  1.25775746855  m**3/min\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Isothermal efficiency is  80.6428056306  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Input power is  6.44194868535  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "P1 = 101.3e03 \n",
-    "P4 = P1 # in Pa\n",
-    "P2 = 8*P1  \n",
-    "P3 = P2\n",
-    "T1 = 288 \n",
-    "Vs = 2000\n",
-    "V3 = 100 \n",
-    "Vc = V3\n",
-    "V1 = Vs + Vc \n",
-    "n = 1.25 \n",
-    "R = 287\n",
-    "V4 = ((P3/P4)**(1/n))*V3\n",
-    "W = ((n*P1*(V1-V4)*1e-06)/(n-1))*(((P2/P1)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",
-    "P = (W*800*0.001)/60  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "m = (P1*(V1-V4)*1e-06)/(R*T1)\n",
-    "m_dot = m*800\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAD = (V1-V4)*1e-06*800\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt = P1*(V1-V4)*1e-06*math.log(P2/P1)\n",
-    "n_isothermal = (Wt*800*0.001)/(P*60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pi = P/0.85\n",
-    "n_v =100*(V1-V4)/Vs\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.3\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Indicated poer is \",P ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Volumetric efficiency is \",n_v ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mass flow rate is \",m_dot ,\" kg/min\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Free air delivery is \",FAD ,\" m**3/min\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Isothermal efficiency is \",100*n_isothermal ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Input power is \",Pi ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.4:pg-819"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power input is  9.55276123312  kW, \n",
-      " Volumetric efficiency is  55.4657309635  percent, \n",
-      " Bore of the cylinder is  0.184932327621  m, \n",
-      " Stroke of the cylinder is  0.277398491431  m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "m = 3.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/min\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0 # Initial pressure in bar\n",
-    "T1 = 300.0 # Initial temperature in K\n",
-    "p3 = 6.0 # Pressure after compression in bar\n",
-    "p5 = 15.0 # Maximum pressure in bar\n",
-    "N = 300.0 # Rpm of compressure\n",
-    "n = 1.3 # Index of compression and expansion \n",
-    "r = 1.5 # Stroke to bore ratio\n",
-    "R = 287.0 # Gas constant of air\n",
-    "t = 15.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.4\\n\"\n",
-    "T = t+273\n",
-    "Wc = (n/(n-1))*(m/60)*(R*(1e-3)*T1)*(((p3/p1)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",
-    "r1 = (p5/p1)**(1.0/n)# Where r1 = V1/Vc\n",
-    "r2 = r1-1 # Where r2 = Vs/Vc\n",
-    "r3 = (p3/p1)**(1.0/n)\n",
-    "n_vol = (r1-r3)*(T/T1)/r2\n",
-    "V = m*R*T/(2*(1e5)*N)\n",
-    "Vs = V/n_vol\n",
-    "d = (Vs*4/(math.pi*r))**(1.0/3.0)\n",
-    "l = r*d\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power input is \",Wc ,\" kW, \\n Volumetric efficiency is \",n_vol*100 ,\" percent, \\n Bore of the cylinder is \",d ,\" m, \\n Stroke of the cylinder is \",l ,\" m\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.5:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power required to drive the unit is  17.7326053799  kW,\n",
-      " Isothermal efficiency is  65.8690064051  percent,\n",
-      " Mechanical efficiency is  98.5144743328  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "d = 15.0 # Diameter in cm\n",
-    "l = 18.0 # Stroke in cm\n",
-    "C = 0.04 # Ratio of clearance volume and sweft volume\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 25.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "p2 = 8.0# Pressure in bar\n",
-    "N = 1200.0 # Rpm of compressure \n",
-    "W = 18.0 # Actual power input in kW\n",
-    "m = 4.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/min\n",
-    "R = 0.287\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.5\\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1+273\n",
-    "v = R*T1/(p1*100)\n",
-    "V = m*v\n",
-    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(1e-2))**2)*(l*1e-2)*N\n",
-    "n_vol = V/Vs\n",
-    "n = (math.log(p2/p1))/(math.log((1+C-n_vol)/C))\n",
-    "# The value of n given in the example is wrong\n",
-    "n = 1.573\n",
-    "T2 = T1*(p2/p1)**((n-1)/n)\n",
-    "Wc = (n/(n-1))*(m*R/60)*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "n_mech = Wc/W\n",
-    "W_isothermal = m*R*T1*math.log(p2/p1)/60\n",
-    "n_iso = W_isothermal/W\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the unit is \",Wc ,\" kW,\\n Isothermal efficiency is \",n_iso*100 ,\" percent,\\n Mechanical efficiency is \",n_mech*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.6:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power required to drive the compressure is  181.333212391  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "d = 40.0 # Diameter in cm\n",
-    "l = 50.0 # Stroke in cm\n",
-    "D = 5.0 # Piston rod diameter in cm\n",
-    "C = 0.04 # Ratio of clearance volume and sweft volume\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 15.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "p2 = 7.5# Pressure in bar\n",
-    "N = 300.0 # Rpm of compressure \n",
-    "n_vol = 0.8 # Volumetric efficiency\n",
-    "n_mech = 0.95 # Mechanical efficiency\n",
-    "n_iso = .7 # Isothermal efficiency\n",
-    "R = 0.287\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.6\\n\"\n",
-    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(1e-2))**2)*(l*(1e-2))\n",
-    "Vs_ = (math.pi/4)*(((d*(1e-2))**2)-(D*(1e-2))**2)*(l*1e-2)\n",
-    "Vs_min = (Vs+Vs_)*2*N\n",
-    "V1 = Vs_min*n_vol\n",
-    "W_iso = p1*V1*(math.log(p2/p1))\n",
-    "Win = W_iso/n_iso\n",
-    "Wc = Win/n_mech\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressure is \",Wc ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.7:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Minimum work done is  215.324046  kJ/kg,\n",
-      " Heat rejected to intercooler is  87.0010719231  kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 27.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "n = 1.3 # Index of the compression process\n",
-    "p3 = 9.0# Pressure in bar\n",
-    "R = 0.287\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.7\\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1+273\n",
-    "p2 = math.sqrt(p1*p3)\n",
-    "Wc = ((2*n*R*T1)/(n-1))*(((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n",
-    "T2 = T1*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",
-    "H = 1.005*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Minimum work done is \",Wc ,\" kJ/kg,\\n Heat rejected to intercooler is \",H ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.8:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Minimum power required by the compressure is  49.3370051888  kW,\n",
-      " Bore of the compressure in low pressure side is  26.5961520268  cm,\n",
-      " Bore of the compressure in high pressure side is  8.92172168806  cm,\n",
-      " Stroke of the compressure is  36.0  cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "V = 4.0 # Volume flow rate in m**3/min\n",
-    "p1 = 1.013 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 15.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "N = 250.0 # Speed in RPM\n",
-    "p4 = 80.0# Delivery pressure in bar\n",
-    "v = 3.0 #Speed of piston in m/sec\n",
-    "n_mech = .75 # Mechanical efficiency \n",
-    "n_vol = .8 # Volumetric efficiency\n",
-    "n = 1.25 # Polytropic index\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.8\\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1+273\n",
-    "p2 = math.sqrt(p1*p4)\n",
-    "W = (2*n/(n-1))*(p1*100/n_mech)*(V/60)*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n) - 1)\n",
-    "L = v*60/(N*2)\n",
-    "Vs = V/N\n",
-    "D_LP = math.sqrt(Vs*V/(math.pi*L*n_vol))\n",
-    "D_HP = D_LP*math.sqrt(p1/p2)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Minimum power required by the compressure is \",W ,\" kW,\\n Bore of the compressure in low pressure side is \",D_LP*100 ,\" cm,\\n Bore of the compressure in high pressure side is \",D_HP*100 ,\" cm,\\n Stroke of the compressure is \",L*100 ,\" cm\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.9:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Compressor work =  107.662023  kJ/kg,\n",
-      " Total heat transfer to the surrounding =  125.119949539  kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "T1 = 300.0 # Temperature in K\n",
-    "p4 = 9.0# Compressed pressure in bar\n",
-    "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "cp = 1.042 # Heat capapcity in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.9\\n\"\n",
-    "p2 = math.sqrt(p1*p4)\n",
-    "T2 =T1*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",
-    "Wc = (2*n/(n-1))*R*1*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "Wc_ = Wc/2\n",
-    "Q = 1*cp*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "Q_ = cp*(T1-T2)+Wc_\n",
-    "H = Q+2*Q_\n",
-    "print \"\\n Compressor work = \",Wc_ ,\" kJ/kg,\\n Total heat transfer to the surrounding = \",H ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "#The answers given in the book contain calculation error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.10:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Diameter of cylinder =  18.484702902 24.5391705107  cm, \n",
-      " Storke of the cylinder =  24.5391705107  cm,\n",
-      " Isothermal efficiency =  83.4955018622  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "N = 300.0 # Speed in RPM\n",
-    "# Intake condition of compressor\n",
-    "p1 = 0.98 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "T1 = 305.0 # Temperature in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p6 = 20.0# Delivery pressure in bar\n",
-    "p3 = 5.0 # Intermediate pressure in bar\n",
-    "C = .04 # Ratio of clearance volume to the stroke volume\n",
-    "v = 3.0 # Volume flow rate of compressure in m**3/min\n",
-    "p = 1.0 # pressure in bar\n",
-    "t = 25.0 # Temperautre in degree centigrade\n",
-    "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.10\\n\"\n",
-    "T = t+273\n",
-    "r0 = 1+C # Where r0 = v1/vs\n",
-    "r1 = C*(p3/p1)**(1/n)# Where r1 = v4/vs\n",
-    "r2=r0-r1#Where r2 is the ratio of volume of air taken at 0.98 bar,305 k and vs\n",
-    "r3 = r2*(T/T1)*p1/p # Where r3 is the ratio of volume of air taken at free air conditions and vs\n",
-    "n_vol = r3\n",
-    "m = p*(1e5)*(v/60)/(R*1000*T)\n",
-    "T2 = T1*((p3/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",
-    "# For perfect intercooling\n",
-    "T5 = T1\n",
-    "p5 = p3\n",
-    "T6 = T5*((p6/p5)**((n-1)/n))\n",
-    "Wc = (n/(n-1))*m*R*((T2-T1)+(T6-T5))\n",
-    "m_a_s = m*60/N\n",
-    "v_fa_s = m_a_s *(R*1000)*T/(p*1e5)\n",
-    "d = ((v_fa_s/n_vol)*(4/math.pi))**(1.0/3.0)\n",
-    "l = d # As given in the question\n",
-    "P_iso = m*R*T1*(math.log(p6/p1))\n",
-    "n_iso = P_iso/Wc\n",
-    "print \"\\n Diameter of cylinder = \",Wc,d*100 ,\" cm, \\n Storke of the cylinder = \",l*100 ,\" cm,\\n Isothermal efficiency = \",n_iso*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers given in the book contain calculation error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.11:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.11\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " No of stages for min power input =  1.0 ,\n",
-      " Power required =  476.74544125  kW/kg air,\n",
-      " The power required for a single stage compressor =  476.74544125  kW,\n",
-      " Maximum temperature in any stage =  681.338601917  K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "p1 = 1 # Intake pressure of compressor in bar\n",
-    "T1 = 298 # Intake temperature in K\n",
-    "p_d = 36 # Delivery pressure in bar\n",
-    "T2 = 390 # Maximum temperature in any stage in K\n",
-    "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",
-    "R = 0.287\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.11\\n\"\n",
-    "r = (T2/T1)**(n/(n-1))\n",
-    "N = math. ceil(r)\n",
-    "p2 = (p_d/p1)**(1/N)\n",
-    "p3 = (p_d/p1)**(2/N)\n",
-    "p4 = (p_d/p1)**(3/N)\n",
-    "Wc = (N*n*R*T1/(n-1))*((p_d/p1)**((n-1)/(N*n))-1)\n",
-    "Wc_ = (n/(n-1))*(1*R*T1)*((p_d/p1)**((n-1)/n)- 1)\n",
-    "T = T1*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n",
-    "print \"\\n No of stages for min power input = \",N ,\",\\n Power required = \",Wc ,\" kW/kg air,\\n The power required for a single stage compressor = \",Wc_ ,\" kW,\\n Maximum temperature in any stage = \",T ,\" K\"\n",
-    "#The answers given in the book contain round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.12:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.12\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Indicated output =  132.877965499  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "p1 = 700.0 # Intake pressure of compressor in kPa\n",
-    "t1 = 38.0 # Intake temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "c = 0.4 # Ratio of cutoff volume to stroke volume\n",
-    "p3 = 112.0 # Back pressure in kPa\n",
-    "r = 0.85 # Ratio of area of actual indicator diagram to the outlined in the question\n",
-    "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",
-    "R = 0.287\n",
-    "m = 1.25 # Air mass in kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.12\\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1+273\n",
-    "T2 = T1/((1/c)**(n-1))\n",
-    "p2 = p1*(c**n)\n",
-    "V2 = m*R*T2/p2\n",
-    "v2 = V2/m\n",
-    "A = R*T1 + R*(T1-T2)/(n-1) - p3*v2\n",
-    "Io = A*r*m\n",
-    "print \"\\n Indicated output = \",Io ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "# The answer given in the book vary due to round off error\n",
-    " \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.13:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.13\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The intermediate pressure are - \n",
-      " p2 =  2.46621207433  bar,\n",
-      " p3 =  6.08220199557  bar,\n",
-      " The effective sweft volume =  0.0477129384264  m**3,\n",
-      " Temperature of air delivered per stroke at 15 bar =  85.3946742162  degree centigrade,\n",
-      " The work done per kg of air =  254.077921795  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "d = 450.0 # Bore of low pressure cylinder in mm\n",
-    "l = 300.0 # Stroke in mm\n",
-    "c = 0.05 # Ratio of clearance volume to sweft volume\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0 # Intake pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 18.0 # Intake temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "p4 = 15.0 # Delivery pressure in bar\n",
-    "n = 1.3 # Compression and expansion index\n",
-    "R = 0.29 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.13\\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1+273\n",
-    "r = (p4/p1)**(1.0/3.0)\n",
-    "p2 = p1*r\n",
-    "p3 = p2*r\n",
-    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*1e-3)**2)*(l*1e-3)\n",
-    "V11 = c*Vs\n",
-    "V1 = Vs +V11\n",
-    "V12 = V11*((r)**(1.0/n))\n",
-    "Vs_e = V1 - V12\n",
-    "T3 = T1\n",
-    "T5 = T3\n",
-    "T6 = T1*(r**((n-1)/n))\n",
-    "t6 = T6-273\n",
-    "V6_7 = (p1/p4)*(T6/T1)*(V1 - V12)\n",
-    "W = (3*n*R*T1/(n-1))*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n)-1)\n",
-    "print \"\\n The intermediate pressure are - \\n p2 = \",p2 ,\" bar,\\n p3 = \",p3 ,\" bar,\\n The effective sweft volume = \",Vs ,\" m**3,\\n Temperature of air delivered per stroke at 15 bar = \",t6 ,\" degree centigrade,\\n The work done per kg of air = \",W ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.14:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.14\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Work input =  1.5195  kJ/rev,\n",
-      " Work input for a vane-type compressor =  1.34802979062  kJ/rev\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "p1 = 1.013 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "r = 1.5 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "Vs = 0.03 # Induce volume of air in m**3/rev\n",
-    "gama = 1.4 \n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.14\\n\"\n",
-    "p2 = p1*r\n",
-    "W = (p2-p1)*Vs*100\n",
-    "pi = (p1+p2)/2\n",
-    "A_A = (gama/(gama-1))*(p1*Vs)*((pi/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)-1)*100\n",
-    "Vb = Vs *((p1/pi)**(1/gama))\n",
-    "A_B = (p2-pi)*Vb*100\n",
-    "Wr = A_A + A_B\n",
-    "print \"\\n Work input = \",W ,\" kJ/rev,\\n Work input for a vane-type compressor = \",Wr ,\" kJ/rev\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",
-    " \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.15:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power required to drive the blower =  99.47  kW,\n",
-      " Power required =  77.9220893777  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "m = 1.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "r = 2.0 # Prssure ratio of blower \n",
-    "t1 = 70.0 # Inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "R = 0.29 # Gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "x = 0.7 # Reduction in pressure ratio and intake volume \n",
-    "gama = 1.4\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.15\\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1+273\n",
-    "V = m*R*T1/(p1*100)\n",
-    "P = V*(p1*r-p1)*100\n",
-    "p2 = p1*((1/x)**(gama))\n",
-    "V2 = x*V\n",
-    "P_ = (gama/(gama-1))*(p1*100*V)*((p2/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)-1) + V2*(p1*r-p2)*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the blower = \",P ,\" kW,\\n Power required = \",P_ ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",
-    " \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.16:pg-820"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Actual temperature at the end of first stage =  382.63704941  K,\n",
-      " Actual temperature at the end of second stage =  425.041961043  K,\n",
-      " The total compressor power =  965.01085424  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "r1 = 2.5 # Pressure ratio of compressor for first stage\n",
-    "r2 = 2.1 # Pressure ratio of compressor for second stage\n",
-    "m = 5.0 # Mass flow rate of air in kg/s \n",
-    "t1 = 10.0 # Inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "p1 = 1.013 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "td = 50.0 # Temperature drop in intercooler in degree centigreade\n",
-    "n_iso = .85 # Isentropic efficiency\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "x = 0.7 # Reduction in pressure ratio and intake volume \n",
-    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities for air\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.16\\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1+273\n",
-    "T2s = T1*((r1)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "T2 = T1 + (T2s-T1)/n_iso\n",
-    "T3 = T2 - td\n",
-    "T4s = T3*((r2)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "T4 = T3 + (T4s-T3)/n_iso\n",
-    "P = m*cp*((T2-T1)+(T4-T3))\n",
-    "print \"\\n Actual temperature at the end of first stage = \",T2 ,\" K,\\n Actual temperature at the end of second stage = \",T4 ,\" K,\\n The total compressor power = \",P ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.17:pg-821"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.17\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power required to drive the compressor =  54.6039650117  kW,\n",
-      " Stagnatio temperature =  109.18614963  degree centigrade,\n",
-      " Stagnation pressure =  160.465577551  kPa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "r = 2.5 # Static pressure ratio of supercharger \n",
-    "p1 = 0.6 # Static inlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 5 # Static inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "A_r = 13.0 # Air-fuel ratio\n",
-    "m = 0.04 # The rate of fuel consumed by the engine in kg/s\n",
-    "gama= 1.39 # For air-fuel mixture \n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity for air-fuel mixture in kJ/kgk\n",
-    "n_iso = .84 # Isentropic efficiency of compressor \n",
-    "v = 120.0 # Exit velocity from the compressor in m/s\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.17\\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1+273\n",
-    "T2s = T1*((r)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "T2 = T1 +(T2s-T1)/n_iso\n",
-    "m_g = m*(A_r+1)\n",
-    "P = m_g*cp*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "T02 = T2 + (v**2)/(2*cp*1000)\n",
-    "t02 = T02-273\n",
-    "p02 = p1*r*((T02/T2)**(gama/(gama-1)))*100\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power required to drive the compressor = \",P ,\" kW,\\n Stagnatio temperature = \",t02 ,\" degree centigrade,\\n Stagnation pressure = \",p02 ,\" kPa\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",
-    " \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.18:pg-821"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.18\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The temperature of air at outlet =  233.053979565  degree centigrade,\n",
-      " Power input =  300.644961473  kW,\n",
-      " Diameter of impeller =  0.916122726914  m, \n",
-      " Blade inlet angle =  0.245135262084  degree,\n",
-      " Diffuser inlet angle =  0.138096713577  degree \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "N = 10000 # Speed in RPM\n",
-    "V = 1.2 # Volume flow rate of free air in m**3/s\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 27.0 # Inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "r = 5.0 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "vf = 60.0 # Velocity flow rate in m/s\n",
-    "sigma = 0.9 # Slip factor\n",
-    "n_iso = 0.85 # Isentropic efficiency\n",
-    "gama = 1.4\n",
-    "R = 0.287\n",
-    "cp = 1.005\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.18\\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1+273\n",
-    "T2s = T1*((r)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "T2 = T1 +(T2s-T1)/n_iso\n",
-    "m = p1*100*V/(R*288)\n",
-    "Wc = m*cp*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "Vb2 = (Wc*1000/(m*sigma))**(1.0/2.0)\n",
-    "D = Vb2*60/(math.pi*N)\n",
-    "Vb1 = Vb2/2\n",
-    "beta1 = math.atan(vf/Vb1)\n",
-    "alpha = math.atan(vf/(sigma*Vb2))\n",
-    "print \"\\n The temperature of air at outlet = \",T2-273 ,\" degree centigrade,\\n Power input = \",Wc ,\" kW,\\n Diameter of impeller = \",D ,\" m, \\n Blade inlet angle = \",beta1 ,\" degree,\\n Diffuser inlet angle = \",alpha ,\" degree \"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book vary due to round off error\n",
-    " \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.19:pg-821"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " \n",
-      " Example 19.19\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Total head pressure ratio =  1.00344817308 , \n",
-      " The required power at input shaft =  3.37798367776  kW,\n",
-      " Inlet angle at the root =  0.0  degree and  29.8821913183  minute,\n",
-      " Inlet angle at the tip =  0.0  degree and  49.6377044903  minute\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "N = 264 # Speed in RPS\n",
-    "sigma = 0.91 # Slip factor\n",
-    "d = 0.482 # Impeller diameter in m\n",
-    "D = 0.306 # Impeller eye diameter\n",
-    "D_ = 0.153 # Impeller root eye diameter in m\n",
-    "vf = 138 # Uniform axial inlet velocity in m/s\n",
-    "V = 1.2 # Volume flow rate of free air in m**3/s\n",
-    "m = 9.1 # Air mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "T1 = 294 # Inlet air stagnation temperature in K\n",
-    "n_iso = 0.8 # Total head isentropic efficiency\n",
-    "n_mech = 0.98 # Mechanical efficiency\n",
-    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities\n",
-    "cp = 1.006 # Heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.19\\n\"\n",
-    "Wc = m*sigma*(2*math.pi*d*N/2)/1000\n",
-    "P_e = Wc/n_mech\n",
-    "delta_T = Wc/(m*cp)\n",
-    "delta_T_ideal = delta_T*n_iso\n",
-    "T2_i = delta_T_ideal + T1\n",
-    "r = (T2_i/T1)**(gama/(gama-1)) # Where r = p02/p01\n",
-    "Vb = 2*math.pi*N*D/2\n",
-    "V_er = (2*math.pi*N*D_/2)\n",
-    "beta1 = math.atan(vf/Vb)\n",
-    "beta2 = math.atan(vf/V_er)\n",
-    "beta1_ = (beta1 - math.floor(beta1))*60\n",
-    "beta2_ = (beta2 - math.floor(beta2))*60\n",
-    "print \"\\n Total head pressure ratio = \",r ,\", \\n The required power at input shaft = \",P_e ,\" kW,\\n Inlet angle at the root = \",math.floor(beta1) ,\" degree and \",beta1_ ,\" minute,\\n Inlet angle at the tip = \",math.floor(beta2) ,\" degree and \",beta2_ ,\" minute\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book for total head pressure ratio and required power at input shaft contain calculation error\n",
-    " \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.20:pg-821"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Impeller tip diameter =  548.821948011  mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "N = 16000.0 # Speed in RPM\n",
-    "t1 = 17.0 # Intake temperture of gas in degree centigrade\n",
-    "rp = 4.0 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "sigma = 0.85# Slip factor\n",
-    "n_iso = 0.82 # Isentropic efficiency\n",
-    "alpha_wirl = 20.0 # Pre-wirl angle in degree\n",
-    "d1 = 200.0 # Mean diameter of impeller eye in mm\n",
-    "V1 = 120.0 #Absolute air velocity in m/s\n",
-    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.20\\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1 + 273\n",
-    "T2s = T1*((rp)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "delta_Ts = T2s-1\n",
-    "delta_T = delta_Ts/n_iso\n",
-    "Wc = 1 *cp*delta_T\n",
-    "Vb1 = (math.pi*d1*(1e-3)*N)/60\n",
-    "Vw1 = V1*math.sin(alpha_wirl)\n",
-    "Vb2 = 459.78 # By solving quadratic equation 172.81e3=0.85*Vb2**2-167.55*41.05\n",
-    "d2 = Vb2*60/(math.pi*N)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Impeller tip diameter = \",d2*1000 ,\" mm\"\n",
-    "# The answer given in the book varies due to round off error\n",
-    " \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.21:pg-821"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.21\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The delivery pressure =  6.07125291521  bar,\n",
-      " The no of stages =  9.0 ,\n",
-      " The internal efficiency =  0.84689822539  \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "m = 2.5 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0 # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "T1 = 300.0 # Inlet temperature in bar\n",
-    "n_s = 0.88 # Stage efficiency\n",
-    "Wc = 600.0 # Power input in kW\n",
-    "delta_t = 21.0 # Temperature rise in first stage in degree centigrade\n",
-    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities \n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.21\\n\"\n",
-    "x = n_s*gama/(gama-1)# Where x = (n/(n-1))\n",
-    "T = Wc/(m*cp)+T1\n",
-    "p = p1*((T/T1)**(x))\n",
-    "T2 = T1 + n_s*delta_t\n",
-    "r = ((T2/T1)**(gama/(gama-1)))# Where r = p2/p1\n",
-    "N = math.log(p/p1)/math.log(r)\n",
-    "N_ = math. ceil(N)\n",
-    "Ts = T1*(p/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)\n",
-    "n_inter = (Ts-T1)/(T-T1)\n",
-    "print \"\\n The delivery pressure = \",p ,\" bar,\\n The no of stages = \",N_ ,\",\\n The internal efficiency = \",n_inter ,\" \""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.22:pg-821"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 42,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.22\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Fluid deflection angle =  0.206163966177  degree,\n",
-      " Power input =  41.8928434516  kJ/kg,\n",
-      " The degree of reaction =  66.0453433333  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "D = 0.5 # Mean diameter of impeller in m\n",
-    "N = 15000.0 # Speed in RPM\n",
-    "Vf = 230.0 # Velocity of flow in m/s\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0  # Inlet pressure in bar\n",
-    "T1 = 300.0 # Inlet temperature in K\n",
-    "Vw1 = 80.0 # Velocity of whirl at inlet in m/s\n",
-    "n_s = 0.88 # Stage efficiency\n",
-    "rp = 1.5 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "gama = 1.4 \n",
-    "cp = 1.0005\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.22\\n\"\n",
-    "Vb = (math.pi*D*N/60)\n",
-    "Ts = T1*((rp)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "T = T1 + (Ts-T1)/n_s\n",
-    "Wc = cp*(T-T1)\n",
-    "Vw2 = Vw1 + (Wc*1000)/(Vb)\n",
-    "beta1 = math.atan(Vf/(Vb-Vw1))\n",
-    "beta2 =  math.atan(Vf/(Vb-Vw2))\n",
-    "theta = beta2-beta1\n",
-    "R = 1-((Vw1+Vw2)/(2*Vb))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Fluid deflection angle = \",theta ,\" degree,\\n Power input = \",Wc ,\" kJ/kg,\\n The degree of reaction = \",R*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book vary because of round off error\n",
-    " \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.23:pg-821"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.23\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Blade angle at the tip =  1.02107077046  degree,\n",
-      " Blade angle at the hub =  2.71029118833  degree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "v = 5.0 #olume flow rate in m**3/s\n",
-    "d = 1.0 #ean impeller diameter in m\n",
-    "D = 0.6 # Hub diameter in m\n",
-    "N = 600.0 #otational speed in RPM\n",
-    "h = 35.0 #heoratical head in mm\n",
-    "rho = 1.2 # Density of air in kg/m**3\n",
-    "rho_w = 1000.0 #ensity of water in kg/m**3\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.23\\n\"\n",
-    "Vf = v*4/(math.pi*(d**2 - D**2))\n",
-    "Vb = (math.pi*d*N/60)\n",
-    "Vb_ = (math.pi*D*N/60)\n",
-    "H = h/rho\n",
-    "Vw2 = H*9.81/(Vb)\n",
-    "Vw2_ = H*9.81/(Vb_)\n",
-    "beta_tip = (Vf/(Vb_-Vw2))\n",
-    "beta_hub = (Vf/(Vb_-Vw2_))\n",
-    "print \"\\n Blade angle at the tip = \",beta_tip ,\" degree,\\n Blade angle at the hub = \",beta_hub ,\" degree\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book vary because of round off error\n",
-    " \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.24:pg-821"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 19.24\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Speed of impeller =  6456.85894335  RPM,\n",
-      " Impeller width at inlet =  -73.5259022616  cm,\n",
-      " Impeller width at outlet =  1.87680083777  cm,\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "N0 = 9000.0 # Rotational speed in RPM\n",
-    "Q = 6.0 # Volume flow rate in m**3/s\n",
-    "p1 = 1.0 # Initial pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 25.0 # Initial temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "p2 = 2.2 # Compressed pressure in bar\n",
-    "n = 1.33 # Compression index\n",
-    "Vf = 75.0 # Velocity of flow in m/s\n",
-    "beta1 = 30.0 # Blade angle at inlet in degree\n",
-    "beta2 = 55.0 # Blade angle at outlet in degree\n",
-    "d = 0.75 # Diameter of impeller in m\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 \n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 19.24\\n\"\n",
-    "T1 = t1+273\n",
-    "T2 = T1*(p2/p1)**((n-1)/n)\n",
-    "Wc = cp*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "x = Wc # Where x = Vw2*Vb2\n",
-    "y = Vf/math.tan(beta2)# Where y = Vb2-Vw2(Equation 1)\n",
-    "z = (y**2 +4*x*1000)**(0.5) # Where z = Vw2+Vb2(Equation 2)\n",
-    "# By solving Equation 1 and Equation 2\n",
-    "Vb2 = (y+z)/2\n",
-    "Vw2 = ((z-y)/2)\n",
-    "N = Vb2*60/(math.pi*d)\n",
-    "Vb1 = Vf/math.tan(beta1)\n",
-    "D1 = Vb1*60/(math.pi*N)\n",
-    "b1 = Q/(math.pi*D1*Vf)\n",
-    "Q_ = Q* (1/p2)*(T2/T1)\n",
-    "b2 = Q_/(math.pi*d*Vf)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Speed of impeller = \",N ,\" RPM,\\n Impeller width at inlet = \",b1*100 ,\" cm,\\n Impeller width at outlet = \",b2*100 ,\" cm,\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book vary because of round off error\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter20.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter20.ipynb
index 41d4734f..1d77e8e7 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter20.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter20.ipynb
@@ -1,900 +1,912 @@
-{


- "metadata": {


-  "name": "",


-  "signature": "sha256:6c08b023c55a26622d295a66797c942f394a0d06e61a13446845d2989d5e21c3"


- },


- "nbformat": 3,


- "nbformat_minor": 0,


- "worksheets": [


-  {


-   "cells": [


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 1,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Chapter 20:Internal Combustion Engines"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.2:pg-852"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "# Four cylinder engine\n",


-      "BP = 30.0 # Power developed by engine in kW\n",


-      "N = 2500.0 # Speed in rpm\n",


-      "P_m = 800.0 # Mean effective pressure for each cylinder in kN/m**2\n",


-      "n_m = 0.8 # Mechanical efficiency\n",


-      "r = 1.5 # Stroke to bore ratio\n",


-      "n_b = 0.28 # Brake thermal efficiency\n",


-      "c_v = 44.0 # Heating value of petrol in MJ/kg\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.2\\n\"\n",


-      "IP = BP/n_m\n",


-      "d = ((IP*1000*60)/(P_m*1000*r*(math.pi/4)*N*4))**(1.0/3.0)\n",


-      "L = r*d\n",


-      "m_f = BP/(c_v*1000*n_b)\n",


-      "bsfc = m_f*3600/BP\n",


-      "print \"\\n Diameter of cylinder = \",d*10**2 ,\" cm\\n Stroke of each cylinder = \",L*100 ,\" cm\\n Brake specific fuel consumption = \",bsfc ,\" kg/kWh\""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.2\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Diameter of cylinder =  6.20350490899  cm\n",


-        " Stroke of each cylinder =  9.30525736349  cm\n",


-        " Brake specific fuel consumption =  0.292207792208  kg/kWh\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 1


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.1:pg-851"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "d = 6.5# Diametre in cm\n",


-      "L = 9.5 # Stroke in cm\n",


-      "T = 64.0 # Torque in Nm\n",


-      "N = 3000.0 # Speed in rpm\n",


-      "V_c = 63.0 # Clearance volume in cm**3\n",


-      "r = 0.5 # Brake efficiency ratio\n",


-      "c_v = 42.0 # Calorific value of gasoline in MJ/kg\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.1\\n\"\n",


-      "V_s = (math.pi/4)*(d**2)*(L)\n",


-      "r_k = (V_s+V_c)/V_c\n",


-      "n_as = 1- (1.0/(r_k**(0.4)))\n",


-      "n_b = r*n_as\n",


-      "BP = (2*math.pi*T*N)/60000\n",


-      "m_f = (BP*3600)/(n_b*c_v*1000)# in kg/h\n",


-      "BMEP = BP*60*2/((math.pi/4)*4*(d**2)*L*N*10**(-6))\n",


-      "print \"\\n Fuel consumption of the engine = \",m_f ,\" Kg/h\\n BMEP=\",BMEP ,\" kN/m**2\"\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.1\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Fuel consumption of the engine =  6.73508593048  Kg/h\n",


-        " BMEP= 637.807536593  kN/m**2\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 2


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.3:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "F = 680.0 # Net brake load in N\n",


-      "N = 360.0 # \n",


-      "d = 10.0# Bore in cm\n",


-      "L = 15.0 # Stroke in cm\n",


-      "T = 58.0 # Torque in Nm\n",


-      "v = 300.0 # Speed in m/min\n",


-      "n_m = 0.8 # Mechanical efficiency\n",


-      "n_th = 0.4 # Indicated thermal efficiency\n",


-      "c_v = 44.0 # Calorific value of gasoline in MJ/kg\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.3\\n\"\n",


-      "N = v/(2*L*(10**(-2)))\n",


-      "BP = (2*math.pi*T*N)/60000\n",


-      "IP = BP/n_m\n",


-      "p_m = (IP*60)/(L*(math.pi/4)*(d**2)*N*10**(-6))\n",


-      "m_f = (IP*3600)/(n_th*c_v*1000)\n",


-      "bsfc = m_f/BP\n",


-      "print \"\\n Indicated power = \",IP ,\" kW\\n Indicate mean effective pressure = \",p_m ,\" kN/m**2\\n  Fuel consumption per kWh on brake power output = \",bsfc ,\" Kg/kWh\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.3\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Indicated power =  7.59218224618  kW\n",


-        " Indicate mean effective pressure =  386.666666667  kN/m**2\n",


-        "  Fuel consumption per kWh on brake power output =  0.255681818182  Kg/kWh\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 3


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.4:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "T = 20.0 # Time in minute\n",


-      "F = 680.0 # Net brake load in N\n",


-      "N = 360.0 # Speed in rpm\n",


-      "mep = 3.0 # Mean effective pressure in bar\n",


-      "f = 1.56 # Fuel consumption in kg\n",


-      "m_w = 160.0 # Cooling water in kg\n",


-      "t = 57.0 # Water inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "r = 30.0 # Air used per kg of fuel\n",


-      "t_r = 27.0 # Room temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "t_e = 310.0 # Exhaust gas temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "d = 210.0 # Bore in mm\n",


-      "L = 290.0 # Stroke in mm\n",


-      "D = 1.0 # Brake diameter in m\n",


-      "cv = 44.0 # Calorific value in MJ/kg\n",


-      "m_s = 1.3 # Steam formed per kg fuel in the exhaust in kg\n",


-      "s = 2.093 # Specific heat of steam in the exhaust in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "s_d = 1.01 # Specific heat of dry exhaust gases in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.4\\n\"\n",


-      "i_p = mep*100*L*(10**-3)*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*N/60\n",


-      "b_p = (2*math.pi*(F*(D/2))*N)/60000\n",


-      "n_m = b_p / i_p\n",


-      "h = f*cv*1000\n",


-      "i_pe = i_p*T*60\n",


-      "e_w = m_w * 4.187*(t-32)\n",


-      "m_t = f*r + f\n",


-      "m_s_ = m_s*f\n",


-      "m_d = m_t - m_s_\n",


-      "e_d = m_d * s_d * (t_e-t_r)\n",


-      "e_s = m_s_*(4.187*(100-t_r) + 2257.9 +s*(t_e-100))\n",


-      "e_t = e_s + e_d\n",


-      "e_Un = h - (i_pe + e_w + e_t)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Indicated power = \",i_p ,\" kW\\n Brake power = \",b_p ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Energy release by combustion of fuel is \",h ,\" kJ \\n 1. Energy equivalent of ip is \",i_pe ,\" kJ (\",(i_pe/h)*100 ,\" percent)\\n 2. Energy carried away by cooling water is \",e_w ,\" kJ (\",(e_w/h)*100 ,\" percent),\\n 3. Energy carried away by exhaust gases is \",e_t ,\" kJ (\",(e_t/h)*100 ,\" percent),\\n 4. Unaccounted energy loss (by difference) is \",e_Un ,\" kJ (\",(e_Un/h)*100 ,\" percent)\""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.4\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Indicated power =  18.080022801  kW\n",


-        " Brake power =  12.8176980266  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Energy release by combustion of fuel is  68640.0  kJ \n",


-        " 1. Energy equivalent of ip is  21696.0273613  kJ ( 31.6084314704  percent)\n",


-        " 2. Energy carried away by cooling water is  16748.0  kJ ( 24.3997668998  percent),\n",


-        " 3. Energy carried away by exhaust gases is  19333.323828  kJ ( 28.1662643182  percent),\n",


-        " 4. Unaccounted energy loss (by difference) is  10862.6488107  kJ ( 15.8255373117  percent)\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 5


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.5:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "F = 610.0 # Net brake load in N\n",


-      "N = 350.0 # Speed in rpm\n",


-      "d = 20.0 # Bore in cm\n",


-      "L = 30.0 # Stroke in cm\n",


-      "imep = 275.0 # Mean effective pressure in kN/m**2\n",


-      "D = 1.0 # Brake diameter in m\n",


-      "m_o = 4.25 # Oil consumption in kg/h\n",


-      "cv = 44.0 # Calorific value in MJ/kg\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.5\\n\"\n",


-      "i_p = imep*1000*L*(10**-2)*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-2))**2)*N/60000\n",


-      "b_p = (2*math.pi*(F*(D/2))*N)/60000\n",


-      "n_m = b_p / i_p\n",


-      "n_th = i_p *3600/(m_o*cv*1000)\n",


-      "n_br = n_th*n_m\n",


-      "print \"\\n Indicated power = \",i_p ,\" kW\\n Brake power = \",b_p ,\" kW\\n Mechanical efficiency = \",n_m*100 ,\" percent,\\n Indicated thermal efficiency = \",n_th*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake thermal efficiency = \",n_br*100 ,\" percent\""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.5\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Indicated power =  15.1189146454  kW\n",


-        " Brake power =  11.178833859  kW\n",


-        " Mechanical efficiency =  73.9393939394  percent,\n",


-        " Indicated thermal efficiency =  29.1059319377  percent,\n",


-        " Brake thermal efficiency =  21.5207496751  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 6


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.6:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "no = 6.0 # No of cylinders\n",


-      "Vs = 1.75 # Stroke volume in litres\n",


-      "P = 26.25 # Power developed in kW\n",


-      "N = 506.0 # Speed in rpm\n",


-      "mep = 600.0 # Mean effectine pressure in kN/m**2\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.6\\n\"\n",


-      "n = P*60000/(no*mep*1000*Vs*(10**-3))\n",


-      "n_e = N/2\n",


-      "n_m = n_e - n\n",


-      "print \"\\nAvg no of misfire = \",n_m\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.6\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "Avg no of misfire =  3.0\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 8


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.7:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "Bp = 110 # Brake power in kW\n",


-      "n_m = 0.8 # Mechanical efficiency of the engine\n",


-      "m_f = 50 # Fuel required for engine in kg/h\n",


-      "r_f = 5 # Reduced engine friction in kW\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.7\\n\"\n",


-      "Ip = Bp/n_m\n",


-      "Fp = Ip-Bp\n",


-      "Fp_n = Fp-r_f\n",


-      "Ip_new = Bp + Fp_n\n",


-      "m_f_new = Ip_new * m_f/ Ip\n",


-      "s_f = m_f- m_f_new\n",


-      "print \"\\nSaving in fuel = \",s_f ,\" kg/h\""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.7\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "Saving in fuel =  1.81818181818  kg/h\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 10


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.8:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "Bp = 14.7 # Brake power when all cylinder operating in kW\n",


-      "Bp1 = 10.14 # Brake power with cylinder no. 1 cut out in kW\n",


-      "Bp2 = 10.3 # Brake power with cylinder no. 2 cut out in kW\n",


-      "Bp3 = 10.36 # Brake power with cylinder no. 3 cut out in kW\n",


-      "Bp4 = 10.21 # Brake power with cylinder no. 4 cut out in kW\n",


-      "m_f = 5.5 # Fuel consumption in kg/h\n",


-      "cv = 42 # Calorific value MJ/kg\n",


-      "d = 8 # Diameter of cylinder in cm\n",


-      "L = 10 # Stroke of cylinder in cm\n",


-      "Vc = 0.1 # Clearance volume in litre\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.8\\n\"\n",


-      "Ip1 = Bp-Bp1\n",


-      "Ip2 = Bp-Bp2\n",


-      "Ip3 = Bp-Bp3\n",


-      "Ip4 = Bp-Bp4\n",


-      "Ip = Ip1+Ip2+Ip3+Ip4\n",


-      "n_m = Bp/Ip\n",


-      "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-2))**2)*(L*(10**-2))\n",


-      "r_k = (Vs+(Vc*(10**-3)))/(Vc*(10**-3))\n",


-      "n_ase = 1- (1/(r_k**(1.4-1)))\n",


-      "n_th = Ip*3600/(m_f*cv*1000)\n",


-      "R_e = n_th/n_ase\n",


-      "print \"\\n Mechanical efficiency = \", ,\" percent,\\n Relative efficiency on indicated power basis = \", ,\" percent\",n_m*100,R_e*100)\n",


-      "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [],


-     "prompt_number": 0


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.9:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "Bp = 28.35 # Brake power in kW\n",


-      "N = 1500.0 # Speed in rpm\n",


-      "x = 20.0 # Rich percent of mixture\n",


-      "t = 15.5 # Temperature in degree centrigrde\n",


-      "p = 760 # Pressure in mm of mercury\n",


-      "f = 0.7 # Fraction of volume of air in th cylinder relative to swept volume\n",


-      "R = 14.8 # Theoratical Air fuel ratio\n",


-      "d = 82.0 # Diameter of cylinder in mm\n",


-      "L = 130.0 # Stroke of cylinder in mm\n",


-      "cv = 44.0 # Heating value of petrol in MJ/kg\n",


-      "n_m = 0.9 # Mechanical efficiency of the engine\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.9\\n\"\n",


-      "Ip = Bp/n_m\n",


-      "p_ = 101.325 # In kN/m**2 as p = 760 mm mercury\n",


-      "v_a = f*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(L*(10**-3))*(N/2)*4\n",


-      "m = p_*(v_a)/(0.287*(t+273))\n",


-      "m_f = (m/R)*(1+x/100)\n",


-      "n_th = Ip*3600/(m_f*cv*1000*60)\n",


-      "bmep = Bp*60/((math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(L*10**-3)*(N/2)*4)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Indicated thermal efficiency = \",n_th*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake mean effective preassure = \",bmep ,\" kN/m**2\"\n",


-      "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.9\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Indicated thermal efficiency =  30.0275891939  percent,\n",


-        " Brake mean effective preassure =  825.889834193  kN/m**2\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 15


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.10:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "d = 25.0 # Throat diameter in mm\n",


-      "D = 1.2 # Main jet diameter in mm\n",


-      "c_d = 0.85 # Cofficient of discharge for the venturi \n",


-      "C_d = 0.65 # Cofficient of discharge for fuel jet\n",


-      "h = 6.0 # Height of the throat from gasoline surface in mm\n",


-      "p_1 = 1.0 # Ambient pressure in bar\n",


-      "T = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",


-      "Ro_f = 760.0 # Density in kg/m**3\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.10\\n\"\n",


-      "delta_p = h*(10**-3)*Ro_f*9.81\n",


-      "p_2 = p_1-delta_p*(10**-5)\n",


-      "Ro_air = p_1*(10**5)/(287*T)\n",


-      "v  = (2*delta_p/Ro_air)**(1.0/2.0)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Minimum velocity of air required to start the flow = \",v ,\" m/s\"\n",


-      "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.10\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Minimum velocity of air required to start the flow =  8.77674536488  m/s\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 16


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.11:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "Bp = 40.0 # Brake power when all cylinder operating in kW\n",


-      "N = 2000.0 # Speed in rpm\n",


-      "Bp1 = 32.2 # Brake power with cylinder no. 1 cut out in kW\n",


-      "Bp2 = 32.0 # Brake power with cylinder no. 2 cut out in kW\n",


-      "Bp3 = 32.5 # Brake power with cylinder no. 3 cut out in kW\n",


-      "Bp4 = 32.4 # Brake power with cylinder no. 4 cut out in kW\n",


-      "Bp5 = 32.1 # Brake power with cylinder no. 5 cut out in kW\n",


-      "Bp6 = 32.3 # Brake power with cylinder no. 6 cut out in kW\n",


-      "d = 100.0 # Diameter of cylinder in mm\n",


-      "L = 125.0 # Stroke of cylinder in mm\n",


-      "Vc = 0.000123 # Clearance volume in m**3\n",


-      "m_f = 9.0 # Fuel consumption in kg/h\n",


-      "cv = 40.0 # Heating value in MJ/kg\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.11\\n\"\n",


-      "Ip1 = Bp-Bp1\n",


-      "Ip2 = Bp-Bp2\n",


-      "Ip3 = Bp-Bp3\n",


-      "Ip4 = Bp-Bp4\n",


-      "Ip5 = Bp-Bp5\n",


-      "Ip6 = Bp-Bp6\n",


-      "Ip = Ip1+Ip2+Ip3+Ip4+Ip5+Ip6\n",


-      "n_m = Bp/Ip\n",


-      "bmep = Bp*2*60/(L*(10**-3)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(math.pi/4)*N)\n",


-      "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(L*(10**-3))\n",


-      "r_k = (Vs+Vc)/Vc\n",


-      "n_ase = 1- (1/(r_k**(1.4-1)))\n",


-      "n_th = Ip*3600/(m_f*cv*1000)\n",


-      "R_e = n_th/n_ase\n",


-      "print \"\\n Mechanical efficiency = \",n_m*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake mean effective pressure = \",bmep*(10**-2) ,\" bar\\n Air standard ratio = \",n_ase*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake thermal efficiency is \",n_th*100 ,\" percent,\\n Relative efficiency = \",R_e*100 ,\" percent\"\n",


-      "#The value of  answer for air standard efficiency is different because of round off error\n",


-      "# Answer given in the book for bmep is 3.055 bar which is wrong.\n",


-      "# Answer given in the book for brake thermal efficiency is 40 percent which is wrong.\n",


-      "# Answer given in the book for relative efficiency is 68.6 percent which is wrong.\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.11\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Mechanical efficiency =  86.0215053763  percent,\n",


-        " Brake mean effective pressure =  24.4461992589  bar\n",


-        " Air standard ratio =  58.4417930454  percent,\n",


-        " Brake thermal efficiency is  46.5  percent,\n",


-        " Relative efficiency =  79.5663472609  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 17


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.12:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "p1 = 0.95 # Pressure in bar\n",


-      "t1 = 25 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "p2 = 2 # Delivery pressure in bar\n",


-      "r = 18 # Air fuel ratio\n",


-      "t3 = 600 # Temperature of gasses leaving the engine in degree centigrade\n",


-      "p3 = 1.8 # Pressure of gasses leaving the engine in bar\n",


-      "p4 = 1.04 # Pressure at the inlet of turbine in bar\n",


-      "n_c = 0.75 # Efficiency of compresor\n",


-      "n_t = 0.85 # Efficiency of turbine\n",


-      "Cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "Cp_ = 1.15 # Heat capacity of gasses in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "gama = 1.4 # Adiabatic index for air\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.12\\n\"\n",


-      "T2_s = (t1+273)*(p2/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)\n",


-      "T2 = (t1+273)+((T2_s-(t1+273))/n_c)\n",


-      "Wc = Cp*(T2-(t1+273))\n",


-      "T4_s = (t3+273)*((p4/p3)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",


-      "T4 = (t3+273)-((t3+273)-T4_s)*n_t\n",


-      "Wt = (1+(1/r))*Cp_*((t3+273)-T4)\n",


-      "n = (Wt-Wc)/Wt\n",


-      "print \"\\n Power lost as a percentage of the power produced by the turbine = \",n*100 ,\" percent\""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.12\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Power lost as a percentage of the power produced by the turbine =  23.5485226573  percent\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 18


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.13:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "Bp = 250.0 # Power developed by the engine in kW\n",


-      "n = 6.0 # No of cylinders \n",


-      "N = 2000.0 # Speed in rpm\n",


-      "bsfc = 0.2 # Specific fuel consumption in kg/kWh\n",


-      "P = 35.0 # Pressure at the begining of the injection in bar\n",


-      "p_max = 55.0 # Maximum cylinder pressure in bar\n",


-      "p = 180.0 # Expected pressure for injection in bar\n",


-      "P_max = 520.0 # Maximum pressure at the injection in bar\n",


-      "c_d = 0.78 # Cofficient of discharge\n",


-      "s = 0.85 # Specific gravity of fuel oil\n",


-      "p_atm = 1.0 # Atmospheric pressure in bar\n",


-      "theta = 18.0 # Crank angle in degree\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.13\\n\"\n",


-      "Bp_cy = Bp/n\n",


-      "m_f = Bp_cy*bsfc/60 # in kg/min\n",


-      "f_c = m_f*(2/N)\n",


-      "T = theta/(360*(N/60))\n",


-      "delta_p = p-P\n",


-      "delta_p_ = P_max-p_max\n",


-      "avg_delta_p = (delta_p+delta_p_)/2\n",


-      "v = c_d*sqrt((2*(avg_delta_p)*(10**5))/(s*1000))\n",


-      "V = m_f*(10**-3)/(s*1000)\n",


-      "A = V/(v*T)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Total orifice area per injector = \",A*10**6 ,\" mm**2\""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.13\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Total orifice area per injector =  0.521323450963  mm**2\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 19


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.14:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "n=1.3 # Polytropic index\n",


-      "p1 = 140.0 # Pressure at point one in kN/m**2\n",


-      "p2 = 360.0 # Pressure at point two in kN/m**2\n",


-      "r_e = 0.4 # Relative efficiency\n",


-      "cv = 18840 # Calorific value in kJ/m**2\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.14\\n\"\n",


-      "r = (((p2/p1)**(1/n))-1)/((0.75-0.25*((p2/p1)**(1.0/n))))\n",


-      "r_k  = r+1\n",


-      "n_ase = 1.0-(1.0/((r_k)**(0.4)))\n",


-      "n_th = r_e*n_ase\n",


-      "V_f = n_th*cv/3600\n",


-      "print \"\\n Thermal efficiency = \",n_th*100 ,\" percemt,\\n Gas consumption per kWh on indicated power basis = \",V_f ,\" m**3/kWh\"\n",


-      "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.14\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Thermal efficiency =  19.8935818353  percemt,\n",


-        " Gas consumption per kWh on indicated power basis =  1.04109744938  m**3/kWh\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 20


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.15:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "\n",


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "d = 180.0 # Bore in mm\n",


-      "L = 200.0 # Stroke in mm\n",


-      "Bp = 245.0 # Brake power in kW\n",


-      "N = 1500.0 # Speed in rpm\n",


-      "mep = 8.0 # Mean effective pressure in bar\n",


-      "m_f = 70.0 # Fuel consumption in kg/h\n",


-      "cv = 42.0 # Heating value of fuel in MJ/kg\n",


-      "m_h = 0.12 # Fraction of hydrogen content by mass\n",


-      "m_a = 26.0 # Air consumption in kg/min\n",


-      "m_w = 82.0 # Mass of cooling water in kg/min\n",


-      "delta_t = 44 # Cooling water temperature rise in degree centigrade\n",


-      "m_o = 50.0 # Cooling oil circulated through the engine in kg/min\n",


-      "delta_T = 24 # Cooling oil temperature rise in degree centigrade\n",


-      "s_o = 2.1 # Specific heat of cooling oil in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "t = 30.0 # Room temperature in degree centigrade\n",


-      "t_e = 400.0 # Exhaust gas temperature on degree centigrade\n",


-      "c_p_de = 1.045 # Heat capacity of dry exhaust gas in kJ/kgK\n",


-      "p = 0.035 # Partial pressure of steam in exhaust gas in bar\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.15\\n\"\n",


-      "h = m_f*cv*1000/3600\n",


-      "Ip = mep*(10**5)*L*(10**-3)*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*N*6/(2*60000)\n",


-      "n_m = Bp/Ip\n",


-      "h_w = (m_w/60)*(4.187*delta_t)\n",


-      "h_o = (m_o/60)*(s_o*delta_T)\n",


-      "m_e = m_f/60 + m_a\n",


-      "m_v = m_h*9*(m_f/60)\n",


-      "m_de = (m_e-m_v)/60\n",


-      "H = 3060 # From the steam table the enthalpy of steam at the exhaust contion(0.035 bar) in kJ/kg\n",


-      "h_s = (m_v/60)*H\n",


-      "h_de = (m_de)*(c_p_de)*(t_e-t)\n",


-      "h_su = h - (Bp+h_w+h_s+h_o+h_de)\n",


-      "print \"\\n Mechanical efficiency = \",n_m*100 ,\" percemt\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n                  Energy Balance\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n                                 Input          Output\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Heat supplied by fuel           \",h ,\" kW    -\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Useful work(BP)                   -            \",Bp ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Heat carried by cooling water     -            \",h_w ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Heat carried by steam             -            \",h_s ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Heat carried by cooling oil       -            \",h_o ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Heat carried by dry exhaust gas   -            \",h_de ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "print \"\\n Heat transferred to surroundings  -            \",h_su ,\" kW\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.15\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Mechanical efficiency =  80.2324301595  percemt\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                  Energy Balance\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                                 Input          Output\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Heat supplied by fuel            816.666666667  kW    -\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Useful work(BP)                   -             245.0  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Heat carried by cooling water     -             251.778266667  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Heat carried by steam             -             64.26  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Heat carried by cooling oil       -             42.0  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Heat carried by dry exhaust gas   -             166.946877778  kW\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Heat transferred to surroundings  -             46.6815222222  kW\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 22


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex20.16:pg-853"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# Given that\n",


-      "N = 3000 # Speed in rpm\n",


-      "T = 66.5 # Torque in Nm\n",


-      "d = 60 # Bore in mm\n",


-      "L = 100 # Stroke in mm\n",


-      "Vc = 60 # Clearance volume in cc\n",


-      "r_e = 0.5 # Relative efficiency\n",


-      "cv = 42 # Calorific value in MJ/kg\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 20.16\\n\"\n",


-      "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((60*(10**-3))**2)*(L*(10**-3))\n",


-      "r_k = (Vs+(Vc*(10**-6)))/(Vc*(10**-6))\n",


-      "n_ase = 1-(1/(r_k**(0.4)))\n",


-      "n_br = n_ase*r_e\n",


-      "Bp = (2*(math.pi)*T*N)/(60000)\n",


-      "m_f = Bp*3600/(cv*1000*n_br)\n",


-      "bmep = Bp*60000/(Vs*(N/2))\n",


-      "print \"\\n Fuel consumption = \",m_f ,\" kg/h,\\n Brake mean effective pressure = \",bmep*(10**-5) ,\" bar\"\n",


-      "#The answer given in the book for bmep has calculation error\n",


-      "# The answer has round off error for fuel consumption"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 20.16\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Fuel consumption =  7.13500385939  kg/h,\n",


-        " Brake mean effective pressure =  29.5555555556  bar\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 23


-    }


-   ],


-   "metadata": {}


-  }


- ]


-}
\ No newline at end of file
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 20:Internal Combustion Engines"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.2:pg-852"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.2\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Diameter of cylinder =  6.20350490899  cm\n",
+      " Stroke of each cylinder =  9.30525736349  cm\n",
+      " Brake specific fuel consumption =  0.292207792208  kg/kWh\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "# Four cylinder engine\n",
+    "BP = 30.0 # Power developed by engine in kW\n",
+    "N = 2500.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
+    "P_m = 800.0 # Mean effective pressure for each cylinder in kN/m**2\n",
+    "n_m = 0.8 # Mechanical efficiency\n",
+    "r = 1.5 # Stroke to bore ratio\n",
+    "n_b = 0.28 # Brake thermal efficiency\n",
+    "c_v = 44.0 # Heating value of petrol in MJ/kg\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.2\\n\"\n",
+    "IP = BP/n_m\n",
+    "d = ((IP*1000*60)/(P_m*1000*r*(math.pi/4)*N*4))**(1.0/3.0)\n",
+    "L = r*d\n",
+    "m_f = BP/(c_v*1000*n_b)\n",
+    "bsfc = m_f*3600/BP\n",
+    "print \"\\n Diameter of cylinder = \",d*10**2 ,\" cm\\n Stroke of each cylinder = \",L*100 ,\" cm\\n Brake specific fuel consumption = \",bsfc ,\" kg/kWh\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.1:pg-851"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.1\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Fuel consumption of the engine =  6.73508593048  Kg/h\n",
+      " BMEP= 637.807536593  kN/m**2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "d = 6.5# Diametre in cm\n",
+    "L = 9.5 # Stroke in cm\n",
+    "T = 64.0 # Torque in Nm\n",
+    "N = 3000.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
+    "V_c = 63.0 # Clearance volume in cm**3\n",
+    "r = 0.5 # Brake efficiency ratio\n",
+    "c_v = 42.0 # Calorific value of gasoline in MJ/kg\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.1\\n\"\n",
+    "V_s = (math.pi/4)*(d**2)*(L)\n",
+    "r_k = (V_s+V_c)/V_c\n",
+    "n_as = 1- (1.0/(r_k**(0.4)))\n",
+    "n_b = r*n_as\n",
+    "BP = (2*math.pi*T*N)/60000\n",
+    "m_f = (BP*3600)/(n_b*c_v*1000)# in kg/h\n",
+    "BMEP = BP*60*2/((math.pi/4)*4*(d**2)*L*N*10**(-6))\n",
+    "print \"\\n Fuel consumption of the engine = \",m_f ,\" Kg/h\\n BMEP=\",BMEP ,\" kN/m**2\"\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.3:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Indicated power =  7.59218224618  kW\n",
+      " Indicate mean effective pressure =  386.666666667  kN/m**2\n",
+      "  Fuel consumption per kWh on brake power output =  0.255681818182  Kg/kWh\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "F = 680.0 # Net brake load in N\n",
+    "N = 360.0 # \n",
+    "d = 10.0# Bore in cm\n",
+    "L = 15.0 # Stroke in cm\n",
+    "T = 58.0 # Torque in Nm\n",
+    "v = 300.0 # Speed in m/min\n",
+    "n_m = 0.8 # Mechanical efficiency\n",
+    "n_th = 0.4 # Indicated thermal efficiency\n",
+    "c_v = 44.0 # Calorific value of gasoline in MJ/kg\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.3\\n\"\n",
+    "N = v/(2*L*(10**(-2)))\n",
+    "BP = (2*math.pi*T*N)/60000\n",
+    "IP = BP/n_m\n",
+    "p_m = (IP*60)/(L*(math.pi/4)*(d**2)*N*10**(-6))\n",
+    "m_f = (IP*3600)/(n_th*c_v*1000)\n",
+    "bsfc = m_f/BP\n",
+    "print \"\\n Indicated power = \",IP ,\" kW\\n Indicate mean effective pressure = \",p_m ,\" kN/m**2\\n  Fuel consumption per kWh on brake power output = \",bsfc ,\" Kg/kWh\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.4:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.4\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Indicated power =  18.080022801  kW\n",
+      " Brake power =  12.8176980266  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Energy release by combustion of fuel is  68640.0  kJ \n",
+      " 1. Energy equivalent of ip is  21696.0273613  kJ ( 31.6084314704  percent)\n",
+      " 2. Energy carried away by cooling water is  16748.0  kJ ( 24.3997668998  percent),\n",
+      " 3. Energy carried away by exhaust gases is  19333.323828  kJ ( 28.1662643182  percent),\n",
+      " 4. Unaccounted energy loss (by difference) is  10862.6488107  kJ ( 15.8255373117  percent)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "T = 20.0 # Time in minute\n",
+    "F = 680.0 # Net brake load in N\n",
+    "N = 360.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
+    "mep = 3.0 # Mean effective pressure in bar\n",
+    "f = 1.56 # Fuel consumption in kg\n",
+    "m_w = 160.0 # Cooling water in kg\n",
+    "t = 57.0 # Water inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "r = 30.0 # Air used per kg of fuel\n",
+    "t_r = 27.0 # Room temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "t_e = 310.0 # Exhaust gas temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "d = 210.0 # Bore in mm\n",
+    "L = 290.0 # Stroke in mm\n",
+    "D = 1.0 # Brake diameter in m\n",
+    "cv = 44.0 # Calorific value in MJ/kg\n",
+    "m_s = 1.3 # Steam formed per kg fuel in the exhaust in kg\n",
+    "s = 2.093 # Specific heat of steam in the exhaust in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "s_d = 1.01 # Specific heat of dry exhaust gases in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.4\\n\"\n",
+    "i_p = mep*100*L*(10**-3)*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*N/60\n",
+    "b_p = (2*math.pi*(F*(D/2))*N)/60000\n",
+    "n_m = b_p / i_p\n",
+    "h = f*cv*1000\n",
+    "i_pe = i_p*T*60\n",
+    "e_w = m_w * 4.187*(t-32)\n",
+    "m_t = f*r + f\n",
+    "m_s_ = m_s*f\n",
+    "m_d = m_t - m_s_\n",
+    "e_d = m_d * s_d * (t_e-t_r)\n",
+    "e_s = m_s_*(4.187*(100-t_r) + 2257.9 +s*(t_e-100))\n",
+    "e_t = e_s + e_d\n",
+    "e_Un = h - (i_pe + e_w + e_t)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Indicated power = \",i_p ,\" kW\\n Brake power = \",b_p ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Energy release by combustion of fuel is \",h ,\" kJ \\n 1. Energy equivalent of ip is \",i_pe ,\" kJ (\",(i_pe/h)*100 ,\" percent)\\n 2. Energy carried away by cooling water is \",e_w ,\" kJ (\",(e_w/h)*100 ,\" percent),\\n 3. Energy carried away by exhaust gases is \",e_t ,\" kJ (\",(e_t/h)*100 ,\" percent),\\n 4. Unaccounted energy loss (by difference) is \",e_Un ,\" kJ (\",(e_Un/h)*100 ,\" percent)\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.5:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.5\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Indicated power =  15.1189146454  kW\n",
+      " Brake power =  11.178833859  kW\n",
+      " Mechanical efficiency =  73.9393939394  percent,\n",
+      " Indicated thermal efficiency =  29.1059319377  percent,\n",
+      " Brake thermal efficiency =  21.5207496751  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "F = 610.0 # Net brake load in N\n",
+    "N = 350.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
+    "d = 20.0 # Bore in cm\n",
+    "L = 30.0 # Stroke in cm\n",
+    "imep = 275.0 # Mean effective pressure in kN/m**2\n",
+    "D = 1.0 # Brake diameter in m\n",
+    "m_o = 4.25 # Oil consumption in kg/h\n",
+    "cv = 44.0 # Calorific value in MJ/kg\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.5\\n\"\n",
+    "i_p = imep*1000*L*(10**-2)*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-2))**2)*N/60000\n",
+    "b_p = (2*math.pi*(F*(D/2))*N)/60000\n",
+    "n_m = b_p / i_p\n",
+    "n_th = i_p *3600/(m_o*cv*1000)\n",
+    "n_br = n_th*n_m\n",
+    "print \"\\n Indicated power = \",i_p ,\" kW\\n Brake power = \",b_p ,\" kW\\n Mechanical efficiency = \",n_m*100 ,\" percent,\\n Indicated thermal efficiency = \",n_th*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake thermal efficiency = \",n_br*100 ,\" percent\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.6:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.6\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Avg no of misfire =  3.0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "no = 6.0 # No of cylinders\n",
+    "Vs = 1.75 # Stroke volume in litres\n",
+    "P = 26.25 # Power developed in kW\n",
+    "N = 506.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
+    "mep = 600.0 # Mean effectine pressure in kN/m**2\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.6\\n\"\n",
+    "n = P*60000/(no*mep*1000*Vs*(10**-3))\n",
+    "n_e = N/2\n",
+    "n_m = n_e - n\n",
+    "print \"\\nAvg no of misfire = \",n_m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.7:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.7\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Saving in fuel =  1.81818181818  kg/h\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "Bp = 110 # Brake power in kW\n",
+    "n_m = 0.8 # Mechanical efficiency of the engine\n",
+    "m_f = 50 # Fuel required for engine in kg/h\n",
+    "r_f = 5 # Reduced engine friction in kW\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.7\\n\"\n",
+    "Ip = Bp/n_m\n",
+    "Fp = Ip-Bp\n",
+    "Fp_n = Fp-r_f\n",
+    "Ip_new = Bp + Fp_n\n",
+    "m_f_new = Ip_new * m_f/ Ip\n",
+    "s_f = m_f- m_f_new\n",
+    "print \"\\nSaving in fuel = \",s_f ,\" kg/h\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.8:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.8\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Mechanical efficiency =  82.6306913997  percent,\n",
+      " Relative efficiency on indicated power basis =  54.0966815927  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "Bp = 14.7 # Brake power when all cylinder operating in kW\n",
+    "Bp1 = 10.14 # Brake power with cylinder no. 1 cut out in kW\n",
+    "Bp2 = 10.3 # Brake power with cylinder no. 2 cut out in kW\n",
+    "Bp3 = 10.36 # Brake power with cylinder no. 3 cut out in kW\n",
+    "Bp4 = 10.21 # Brake power with cylinder no. 4 cut out in kW\n",
+    "m_f = 5.5 # Fuel consumption in kg/h\n",
+    "cv = 42 # Calorific value MJ/kg\n",
+    "d = 8 # Diameter of cylinder in cm\n",
+    "L = 10 # Stroke of cylinder in cm\n",
+    "Vc = 0.1 # Clearance volume in litre\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.8\\n\"\n",
+    "Ip1 = Bp-Bp1\n",
+    "Ip2 = Bp-Bp2\n",
+    "Ip3 = Bp-Bp3\n",
+    "Ip4 = Bp-Bp4\n",
+    "Ip = Ip1+Ip2+Ip3+Ip4\n",
+    "n_m = Bp/Ip\n",
+    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-2))**2)*(L*(10**-2))\n",
+    "r_k = (Vs+(Vc*(10**-3)))/(Vc*(10**-3))\n",
+    "n_ase = 1- (1/(r_k**(1.4-1)))\n",
+    "n_th = Ip*3600/(m_f*cv*1000)\n",
+    "R_e = n_th/n_ase\n",
+    "print \"\\n Mechanical efficiency = \",n_m*100,\" percent,\\n Relative efficiency on indicated power basis = \",R_e*100,\" percent\"\n",
+    "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.9:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.9\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Indicated thermal efficiency =  30.0275891939  percent,\n",
+      " Brake mean effective preassure =  825.889834193  kN/m**2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "Bp = 28.35 # Brake power in kW\n",
+    "N = 1500.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
+    "x = 20.0 # Rich percent of mixture\n",
+    "t = 15.5 # Temperature in degree centrigrde\n",
+    "p = 760 # Pressure in mm of mercury\n",
+    "f = 0.7 # Fraction of volume of air in th cylinder relative to swept volume\n",
+    "R = 14.8 # Theoratical Air fuel ratio\n",
+    "d = 82.0 # Diameter of cylinder in mm\n",
+    "L = 130.0 # Stroke of cylinder in mm\n",
+    "cv = 44.0 # Heating value of petrol in MJ/kg\n",
+    "n_m = 0.9 # Mechanical efficiency of the engine\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.9\\n\"\n",
+    "Ip = Bp/n_m\n",
+    "p_ = 101.325 # In kN/m**2 as p = 760 mm mercury\n",
+    "v_a = f*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(L*(10**-3))*(N/2)*4\n",
+    "m = p_*(v_a)/(0.287*(t+273))\n",
+    "m_f = (m/R)*(1+x/100)\n",
+    "n_th = Ip*3600/(m_f*cv*1000*60)\n",
+    "bmep = Bp*60/((math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(L*10**-3)*(N/2)*4)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Indicated thermal efficiency = \",n_th*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake mean effective preassure = \",bmep ,\" kN/m**2\"\n",
+    "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.10:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.10\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Minimum velocity of air required to start the flow =  8.77674536488  m/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "d = 25.0 # Throat diameter in mm\n",
+    "D = 1.2 # Main jet diameter in mm\n",
+    "c_d = 0.85 # Cofficient of discharge for the venturi \n",
+    "C_d = 0.65 # Cofficient of discharge for fuel jet\n",
+    "h = 6.0 # Height of the throat from gasoline surface in mm\n",
+    "p_1 = 1.0 # Ambient pressure in bar\n",
+    "T = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
+    "Ro_f = 760.0 # Density in kg/m**3\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.10\\n\"\n",
+    "delta_p = h*(10**-3)*Ro_f*9.81\n",
+    "p_2 = p_1-delta_p*(10**-5)\n",
+    "Ro_air = p_1*(10**5)/(287*T)\n",
+    "v  = (2*delta_p/Ro_air)**(1.0/2.0)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Minimum velocity of air required to start the flow = \",v ,\" m/s\"\n",
+    "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.11:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.11\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Mechanical efficiency =  86.0215053763  percent,\n",
+      " Brake mean effective pressure =  24.4461992589  bar\n",
+      " Air standard ratio =  58.4417930454  percent,\n",
+      " Brake thermal efficiency is  46.5  percent,\n",
+      " Relative efficiency =  79.5663472609  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "Bp = 40.0 # Brake power when all cylinder operating in kW\n",
+    "N = 2000.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
+    "Bp1 = 32.2 # Brake power with cylinder no. 1 cut out in kW\n",
+    "Bp2 = 32.0 # Brake power with cylinder no. 2 cut out in kW\n",
+    "Bp3 = 32.5 # Brake power with cylinder no. 3 cut out in kW\n",
+    "Bp4 = 32.4 # Brake power with cylinder no. 4 cut out in kW\n",
+    "Bp5 = 32.1 # Brake power with cylinder no. 5 cut out in kW\n",
+    "Bp6 = 32.3 # Brake power with cylinder no. 6 cut out in kW\n",
+    "d = 100.0 # Diameter of cylinder in mm\n",
+    "L = 125.0 # Stroke of cylinder in mm\n",
+    "Vc = 0.000123 # Clearance volume in m**3\n",
+    "m_f = 9.0 # Fuel consumption in kg/h\n",
+    "cv = 40.0 # Heating value in MJ/kg\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.11\\n\"\n",
+    "Ip1 = Bp-Bp1\n",
+    "Ip2 = Bp-Bp2\n",
+    "Ip3 = Bp-Bp3\n",
+    "Ip4 = Bp-Bp4\n",
+    "Ip5 = Bp-Bp5\n",
+    "Ip6 = Bp-Bp6\n",
+    "Ip = Ip1+Ip2+Ip3+Ip4+Ip5+Ip6\n",
+    "n_m = Bp/Ip\n",
+    "bmep = Bp*2*60/(L*(10**-3)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(math.pi/4)*N)\n",
+    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(L*(10**-3))\n",
+    "r_k = (Vs+Vc)/Vc\n",
+    "n_ase = 1- (1/(r_k**(1.4-1)))\n",
+    "n_th = Ip*3600/(m_f*cv*1000)\n",
+    "R_e = n_th/n_ase\n",
+    "print \"\\n Mechanical efficiency = \",n_m*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake mean effective pressure = \",bmep*(10**-2) ,\" bar\\n Air standard ratio = \",n_ase*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake thermal efficiency is \",n_th*100 ,\" percent,\\n Relative efficiency = \",R_e*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
+    "#The value of  answer for air standard efficiency is different because of round off error\n",
+    "# Answer given in the book for bmep is 3.055 bar which is wrong.\n",
+    "# Answer given in the book for brake thermal efficiency is 40 percent which is wrong.\n",
+    "# Answer given in the book for relative efficiency is 68.6 percent which is wrong.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.12:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.12\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Power lost as a percentage of the power produced by the turbine =  23.5485226573  percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "p1 = 0.95 # Pressure in bar\n",
+    "t1 = 25 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "p2 = 2 # Delivery pressure in bar\n",
+    "r = 18 # Air fuel ratio\n",
+    "t3 = 600 # Temperature of gasses leaving the engine in degree centigrade\n",
+    "p3 = 1.8 # Pressure of gasses leaving the engine in bar\n",
+    "p4 = 1.04 # Pressure at the inlet of turbine in bar\n",
+    "n_c = 0.75 # Efficiency of compresor\n",
+    "n_t = 0.85 # Efficiency of turbine\n",
+    "Cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "Cp_ = 1.15 # Heat capacity of gasses in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "gama = 1.4 # Adiabatic index for air\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.12\\n\"\n",
+    "T2_s = (t1+273)*(p2/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)\n",
+    "T2 = (t1+273)+((T2_s-(t1+273))/n_c)\n",
+    "Wc = Cp*(T2-(t1+273))\n",
+    "T4_s = (t3+273)*((p4/p3)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
+    "T4 = (t3+273)-((t3+273)-T4_s)*n_t\n",
+    "Wt = (1+(1/r))*Cp_*((t3+273)-T4)\n",
+    "n = (Wt-Wc)/Wt\n",
+    "print \"\\n Power lost as a percentage of the power produced by the turbine = \",n*100 ,\" percent\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.13:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.13\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Total orifice area per injector =  0.521323450963  mm**2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "Bp = 250.0 # Power developed by the engine in kW\n",
+    "n = 6.0 # No of cylinders \n",
+    "N = 2000.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
+    "bsfc = 0.2 # Specific fuel consumption in kg/kWh\n",
+    "P = 35.0 # Pressure at the begining of the injection in bar\n",
+    "p_max = 55.0 # Maximum cylinder pressure in bar\n",
+    "p = 180.0 # Expected pressure for injection in bar\n",
+    "P_max = 520.0 # Maximum pressure at the injection in bar\n",
+    "c_d = 0.78 # Cofficient of discharge\n",
+    "s = 0.85 # Specific gravity of fuel oil\n",
+    "p_atm = 1.0 # Atmospheric pressure in bar\n",
+    "theta = 18.0 # Crank angle in degree\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.13\\n\"\n",
+    "Bp_cy = Bp/n\n",
+    "m_f = Bp_cy*bsfc/60 # in kg/min\n",
+    "f_c = m_f*(2/N)\n",
+    "T = theta/(360*(N/60))\n",
+    "delta_p = p-P\n",
+    "delta_p_ = P_max-p_max\n",
+    "avg_delta_p = (delta_p+delta_p_)/2\n",
+    "v = c_d*math.sqrt((2*(avg_delta_p)*(10**5))/(s*1000))\n",
+    "V = m_f*(10**-3)/(s*1000)\n",
+    "A = V/(v*T)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Total orifice area per injector = \",A*10**6 ,\" mm**2\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.14:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.14\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Thermal efficiency =  19.8935818353  percemt,\n",
+      " Gas consumption per kWh on indicated power basis =  1.04109744938  m**3/kWh\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "n=1.3 # Polytropic index\n",
+    "p1 = 140.0 # Pressure at point one in kN/m**2\n",
+    "p2 = 360.0 # Pressure at point two in kN/m**2\n",
+    "r_e = 0.4 # Relative efficiency\n",
+    "cv = 18840 # Calorific value in kJ/m**2\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.14\\n\"\n",
+    "r = (((p2/p1)**(1/n))-1)/((0.75-0.25*((p2/p1)**(1.0/n))))\n",
+    "r_k  = r+1\n",
+    "n_ase = 1.0-(1.0/((r_k)**(0.4)))\n",
+    "n_th = r_e*n_ase\n",
+    "V_f = n_th*cv/3600\n",
+    "print \"\\n Thermal efficiency = \",n_th*100 ,\" percemt,\\n Gas consumption per kWh on indicated power basis = \",V_f ,\" m**3/kWh\"\n",
+    "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.15:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.15\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Mechanical efficiency =  80.2324301595  percemt\n",
+      "\n",
+      "                  Energy Balance\n",
+      "\n",
+      "                                 Input          Output\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Heat supplied by fuel            816.666666667  kW    -\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Useful work(BP)                   -             245.0  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Heat carried by cooling water     -             251.778266667  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Heat carried by steam             -             64.26  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Heat carried by cooling oil       -             42.0  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Heat carried by dry exhaust gas   -             166.946877778  kW\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Heat transferred to surroundings  -             46.6815222222  kW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "d = 180.0 # Bore in mm\n",
+    "L = 200.0 # Stroke in mm\n",
+    "Bp = 245.0 # Brake power in kW\n",
+    "N = 1500.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
+    "mep = 8.0 # Mean effective pressure in bar\n",
+    "m_f = 70.0 # Fuel consumption in kg/h\n",
+    "cv = 42.0 # Heating value of fuel in MJ/kg\n",
+    "m_h = 0.12 # Fraction of hydrogen content by mass\n",
+    "m_a = 26.0 # Air consumption in kg/min\n",
+    "m_w = 82.0 # Mass of cooling water in kg/min\n",
+    "delta_t = 44 # Cooling water temperature rise in degree centigrade\n",
+    "m_o = 50.0 # Cooling oil circulated through the engine in kg/min\n",
+    "delta_T = 24 # Cooling oil temperature rise in degree centigrade\n",
+    "s_o = 2.1 # Specific heat of cooling oil in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "t = 30.0 # Room temperature in degree centigrade\n",
+    "t_e = 400.0 # Exhaust gas temperature on degree centigrade\n",
+    "c_p_de = 1.045 # Heat capacity of dry exhaust gas in kJ/kgK\n",
+    "p = 0.035 # Partial pressure of steam in exhaust gas in bar\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.15\\n\"\n",
+    "h = m_f*cv*1000/3600\n",
+    "Ip = mep*(10**5)*L*(10**-3)*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*N*6/(2*60000)\n",
+    "n_m = Bp/Ip\n",
+    "h_w = (m_w/60)*(4.187*delta_t)\n",
+    "h_o = (m_o/60)*(s_o*delta_T)\n",
+    "m_e = m_f/60 + m_a\n",
+    "m_v = m_h*9*(m_f/60)\n",
+    "m_de = (m_e-m_v)/60\n",
+    "H = 3060 # From the steam table the enthalpy of steam at the exhaust contion(0.035 bar) in kJ/kg\n",
+    "h_s = (m_v/60)*H\n",
+    "h_de = (m_de)*(c_p_de)*(t_e-t)\n",
+    "h_su = h - (Bp+h_w+h_s+h_o+h_de)\n",
+    "print \"\\n Mechanical efficiency = \",n_m*100 ,\" percemt\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n                  Energy Balance\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n                                 Input          Output\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Heat supplied by fuel           \",h ,\" kW    -\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Useful work(BP)                   -            \",Bp ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Heat carried by cooling water     -            \",h_w ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Heat carried by steam             -            \",h_s ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Heat carried by cooling oil       -            \",h_o ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Heat carried by dry exhaust gas   -            \",h_de ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Heat transferred to surroundings  -            \",h_su ,\" kW\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex20.16:pg-853"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 20.16\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Fuel consumption =  7.13500385939  kg/h,\n",
+      " Brake mean effective pressure =  29.5555555556  bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "# Given that\n",
+    "N = 3000 # Speed in rpm\n",
+    "T = 66.5 # Torque in Nm\n",
+    "d = 60 # Bore in mm\n",
+    "L = 100 # Stroke in mm\n",
+    "Vc = 60 # Clearance volume in cc\n",
+    "r_e = 0.5 # Relative efficiency\n",
+    "cv = 42 # Calorific value in MJ/kg\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 20.16\\n\"\n",
+    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((60*(10**-3))**2)*(L*(10**-3))\n",
+    "r_k = (Vs+(Vc*(10**-6)))/(Vc*(10**-6))\n",
+    "n_ase = 1-(1/(r_k**(0.4)))\n",
+    "n_br = n_ase*r_e\n",
+    "Bp = (2*(math.pi)*T*N)/(60000)\n",
+    "m_f = Bp*3600/(cv*1000*n_br)\n",
+    "bmep = Bp*60000/(Vs*(N/2))\n",
+    "print \"\\n Fuel consumption = \",m_f ,\" kg/h,\\n Brake mean effective pressure = \",bmep*(10**-5) ,\" bar\"\n",
+    "#The answer given in the book for bmep has calculation error\n",
+    "# The answer has round off error for fuel consumption"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter20_7AIMdUg.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter20_7AIMdUg.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1d77e8e7..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter20_7AIMdUg.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,912 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 20:Internal Combustion Engines"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.2:pg-852"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Diameter of cylinder =  6.20350490899  cm\n",
-      " Stroke of each cylinder =  9.30525736349  cm\n",
-      " Brake specific fuel consumption =  0.292207792208  kg/kWh\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "# Four cylinder engine\n",
-    "BP = 30.0 # Power developed by engine in kW\n",
-    "N = 2500.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
-    "P_m = 800.0 # Mean effective pressure for each cylinder in kN/m**2\n",
-    "n_m = 0.8 # Mechanical efficiency\n",
-    "r = 1.5 # Stroke to bore ratio\n",
-    "n_b = 0.28 # Brake thermal efficiency\n",
-    "c_v = 44.0 # Heating value of petrol in MJ/kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.2\\n\"\n",
-    "IP = BP/n_m\n",
-    "d = ((IP*1000*60)/(P_m*1000*r*(math.pi/4)*N*4))**(1.0/3.0)\n",
-    "L = r*d\n",
-    "m_f = BP/(c_v*1000*n_b)\n",
-    "bsfc = m_f*3600/BP\n",
-    "print \"\\n Diameter of cylinder = \",d*10**2 ,\" cm\\n Stroke of each cylinder = \",L*100 ,\" cm\\n Brake specific fuel consumption = \",bsfc ,\" kg/kWh\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.1:pg-851"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Fuel consumption of the engine =  6.73508593048  Kg/h\n",
-      " BMEP= 637.807536593  kN/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "d = 6.5# Diametre in cm\n",
-    "L = 9.5 # Stroke in cm\n",
-    "T = 64.0 # Torque in Nm\n",
-    "N = 3000.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
-    "V_c = 63.0 # Clearance volume in cm**3\n",
-    "r = 0.5 # Brake efficiency ratio\n",
-    "c_v = 42.0 # Calorific value of gasoline in MJ/kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.1\\n\"\n",
-    "V_s = (math.pi/4)*(d**2)*(L)\n",
-    "r_k = (V_s+V_c)/V_c\n",
-    "n_as = 1- (1.0/(r_k**(0.4)))\n",
-    "n_b = r*n_as\n",
-    "BP = (2*math.pi*T*N)/60000\n",
-    "m_f = (BP*3600)/(n_b*c_v*1000)# in kg/h\n",
-    "BMEP = BP*60*2/((math.pi/4)*4*(d**2)*L*N*10**(-6))\n",
-    "print \"\\n Fuel consumption of the engine = \",m_f ,\" Kg/h\\n BMEP=\",BMEP ,\" kN/m**2\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.3:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Indicated power =  7.59218224618  kW\n",
-      " Indicate mean effective pressure =  386.666666667  kN/m**2\n",
-      "  Fuel consumption per kWh on brake power output =  0.255681818182  Kg/kWh\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "F = 680.0 # Net brake load in N\n",
-    "N = 360.0 # \n",
-    "d = 10.0# Bore in cm\n",
-    "L = 15.0 # Stroke in cm\n",
-    "T = 58.0 # Torque in Nm\n",
-    "v = 300.0 # Speed in m/min\n",
-    "n_m = 0.8 # Mechanical efficiency\n",
-    "n_th = 0.4 # Indicated thermal efficiency\n",
-    "c_v = 44.0 # Calorific value of gasoline in MJ/kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.3\\n\"\n",
-    "N = v/(2*L*(10**(-2)))\n",
-    "BP = (2*math.pi*T*N)/60000\n",
-    "IP = BP/n_m\n",
-    "p_m = (IP*60)/(L*(math.pi/4)*(d**2)*N*10**(-6))\n",
-    "m_f = (IP*3600)/(n_th*c_v*1000)\n",
-    "bsfc = m_f/BP\n",
-    "print \"\\n Indicated power = \",IP ,\" kW\\n Indicate mean effective pressure = \",p_m ,\" kN/m**2\\n  Fuel consumption per kWh on brake power output = \",bsfc ,\" Kg/kWh\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.4:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Indicated power =  18.080022801  kW\n",
-      " Brake power =  12.8176980266  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Energy release by combustion of fuel is  68640.0  kJ \n",
-      " 1. Energy equivalent of ip is  21696.0273613  kJ ( 31.6084314704  percent)\n",
-      " 2. Energy carried away by cooling water is  16748.0  kJ ( 24.3997668998  percent),\n",
-      " 3. Energy carried away by exhaust gases is  19333.323828  kJ ( 28.1662643182  percent),\n",
-      " 4. Unaccounted energy loss (by difference) is  10862.6488107  kJ ( 15.8255373117  percent)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "T = 20.0 # Time in minute\n",
-    "F = 680.0 # Net brake load in N\n",
-    "N = 360.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
-    "mep = 3.0 # Mean effective pressure in bar\n",
-    "f = 1.56 # Fuel consumption in kg\n",
-    "m_w = 160.0 # Cooling water in kg\n",
-    "t = 57.0 # Water inlet temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "r = 30.0 # Air used per kg of fuel\n",
-    "t_r = 27.0 # Room temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "t_e = 310.0 # Exhaust gas temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "d = 210.0 # Bore in mm\n",
-    "L = 290.0 # Stroke in mm\n",
-    "D = 1.0 # Brake diameter in m\n",
-    "cv = 44.0 # Calorific value in MJ/kg\n",
-    "m_s = 1.3 # Steam formed per kg fuel in the exhaust in kg\n",
-    "s = 2.093 # Specific heat of steam in the exhaust in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s_d = 1.01 # Specific heat of dry exhaust gases in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.4\\n\"\n",
-    "i_p = mep*100*L*(10**-3)*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*N/60\n",
-    "b_p = (2*math.pi*(F*(D/2))*N)/60000\n",
-    "n_m = b_p / i_p\n",
-    "h = f*cv*1000\n",
-    "i_pe = i_p*T*60\n",
-    "e_w = m_w * 4.187*(t-32)\n",
-    "m_t = f*r + f\n",
-    "m_s_ = m_s*f\n",
-    "m_d = m_t - m_s_\n",
-    "e_d = m_d * s_d * (t_e-t_r)\n",
-    "e_s = m_s_*(4.187*(100-t_r) + 2257.9 +s*(t_e-100))\n",
-    "e_t = e_s + e_d\n",
-    "e_Un = h - (i_pe + e_w + e_t)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Indicated power = \",i_p ,\" kW\\n Brake power = \",b_p ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Energy release by combustion of fuel is \",h ,\" kJ \\n 1. Energy equivalent of ip is \",i_pe ,\" kJ (\",(i_pe/h)*100 ,\" percent)\\n 2. Energy carried away by cooling water is \",e_w ,\" kJ (\",(e_w/h)*100 ,\" percent),\\n 3. Energy carried away by exhaust gases is \",e_t ,\" kJ (\",(e_t/h)*100 ,\" percent),\\n 4. Unaccounted energy loss (by difference) is \",e_Un ,\" kJ (\",(e_Un/h)*100 ,\" percent)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.5:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Indicated power =  15.1189146454  kW\n",
-      " Brake power =  11.178833859  kW\n",
-      " Mechanical efficiency =  73.9393939394  percent,\n",
-      " Indicated thermal efficiency =  29.1059319377  percent,\n",
-      " Brake thermal efficiency =  21.5207496751  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "F = 610.0 # Net brake load in N\n",
-    "N = 350.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
-    "d = 20.0 # Bore in cm\n",
-    "L = 30.0 # Stroke in cm\n",
-    "imep = 275.0 # Mean effective pressure in kN/m**2\n",
-    "D = 1.0 # Brake diameter in m\n",
-    "m_o = 4.25 # Oil consumption in kg/h\n",
-    "cv = 44.0 # Calorific value in MJ/kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.5\\n\"\n",
-    "i_p = imep*1000*L*(10**-2)*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-2))**2)*N/60000\n",
-    "b_p = (2*math.pi*(F*(D/2))*N)/60000\n",
-    "n_m = b_p / i_p\n",
-    "n_th = i_p *3600/(m_o*cv*1000)\n",
-    "n_br = n_th*n_m\n",
-    "print \"\\n Indicated power = \",i_p ,\" kW\\n Brake power = \",b_p ,\" kW\\n Mechanical efficiency = \",n_m*100 ,\" percent,\\n Indicated thermal efficiency = \",n_th*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake thermal efficiency = \",n_br*100 ,\" percent\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.6:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Avg no of misfire =  3.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "no = 6.0 # No of cylinders\n",
-    "Vs = 1.75 # Stroke volume in litres\n",
-    "P = 26.25 # Power developed in kW\n",
-    "N = 506.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
-    "mep = 600.0 # Mean effectine pressure in kN/m**2\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.6\\n\"\n",
-    "n = P*60000/(no*mep*1000*Vs*(10**-3))\n",
-    "n_e = N/2\n",
-    "n_m = n_e - n\n",
-    "print \"\\nAvg no of misfire = \",n_m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.7:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Saving in fuel =  1.81818181818  kg/h\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "Bp = 110 # Brake power in kW\n",
-    "n_m = 0.8 # Mechanical efficiency of the engine\n",
-    "m_f = 50 # Fuel required for engine in kg/h\n",
-    "r_f = 5 # Reduced engine friction in kW\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.7\\n\"\n",
-    "Ip = Bp/n_m\n",
-    "Fp = Ip-Bp\n",
-    "Fp_n = Fp-r_f\n",
-    "Ip_new = Bp + Fp_n\n",
-    "m_f_new = Ip_new * m_f/ Ip\n",
-    "s_f = m_f- m_f_new\n",
-    "print \"\\nSaving in fuel = \",s_f ,\" kg/h\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.8:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mechanical efficiency =  82.6306913997  percent,\n",
-      " Relative efficiency on indicated power basis =  54.0966815927  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "Bp = 14.7 # Brake power when all cylinder operating in kW\n",
-    "Bp1 = 10.14 # Brake power with cylinder no. 1 cut out in kW\n",
-    "Bp2 = 10.3 # Brake power with cylinder no. 2 cut out in kW\n",
-    "Bp3 = 10.36 # Brake power with cylinder no. 3 cut out in kW\n",
-    "Bp4 = 10.21 # Brake power with cylinder no. 4 cut out in kW\n",
-    "m_f = 5.5 # Fuel consumption in kg/h\n",
-    "cv = 42 # Calorific value MJ/kg\n",
-    "d = 8 # Diameter of cylinder in cm\n",
-    "L = 10 # Stroke of cylinder in cm\n",
-    "Vc = 0.1 # Clearance volume in litre\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.8\\n\"\n",
-    "Ip1 = Bp-Bp1\n",
-    "Ip2 = Bp-Bp2\n",
-    "Ip3 = Bp-Bp3\n",
-    "Ip4 = Bp-Bp4\n",
-    "Ip = Ip1+Ip2+Ip3+Ip4\n",
-    "n_m = Bp/Ip\n",
-    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-2))**2)*(L*(10**-2))\n",
-    "r_k = (Vs+(Vc*(10**-3)))/(Vc*(10**-3))\n",
-    "n_ase = 1- (1/(r_k**(1.4-1)))\n",
-    "n_th = Ip*3600/(m_f*cv*1000)\n",
-    "R_e = n_th/n_ase\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mechanical efficiency = \",n_m*100,\" percent,\\n Relative efficiency on indicated power basis = \",R_e*100,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.9:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Indicated thermal efficiency =  30.0275891939  percent,\n",
-      " Brake mean effective preassure =  825.889834193  kN/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "Bp = 28.35 # Brake power in kW\n",
-    "N = 1500.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
-    "x = 20.0 # Rich percent of mixture\n",
-    "t = 15.5 # Temperature in degree centrigrde\n",
-    "p = 760 # Pressure in mm of mercury\n",
-    "f = 0.7 # Fraction of volume of air in th cylinder relative to swept volume\n",
-    "R = 14.8 # Theoratical Air fuel ratio\n",
-    "d = 82.0 # Diameter of cylinder in mm\n",
-    "L = 130.0 # Stroke of cylinder in mm\n",
-    "cv = 44.0 # Heating value of petrol in MJ/kg\n",
-    "n_m = 0.9 # Mechanical efficiency of the engine\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.9\\n\"\n",
-    "Ip = Bp/n_m\n",
-    "p_ = 101.325 # In kN/m**2 as p = 760 mm mercury\n",
-    "v_a = f*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(L*(10**-3))*(N/2)*4\n",
-    "m = p_*(v_a)/(0.287*(t+273))\n",
-    "m_f = (m/R)*(1+x/100)\n",
-    "n_th = Ip*3600/(m_f*cv*1000*60)\n",
-    "bmep = Bp*60/((math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(L*10**-3)*(N/2)*4)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Indicated thermal efficiency = \",n_th*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake mean effective preassure = \",bmep ,\" kN/m**2\"\n",
-    "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.10:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Minimum velocity of air required to start the flow =  8.77674536488  m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "d = 25.0 # Throat diameter in mm\n",
-    "D = 1.2 # Main jet diameter in mm\n",
-    "c_d = 0.85 # Cofficient of discharge for the venturi \n",
-    "C_d = 0.65 # Cofficient of discharge for fuel jet\n",
-    "h = 6.0 # Height of the throat from gasoline surface in mm\n",
-    "p_1 = 1.0 # Ambient pressure in bar\n",
-    "T = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
-    "Ro_f = 760.0 # Density in kg/m**3\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.10\\n\"\n",
-    "delta_p = h*(10**-3)*Ro_f*9.81\n",
-    "p_2 = p_1-delta_p*(10**-5)\n",
-    "Ro_air = p_1*(10**5)/(287*T)\n",
-    "v  = (2*delta_p/Ro_air)**(1.0/2.0)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Minimum velocity of air required to start the flow = \",v ,\" m/s\"\n",
-    "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.11:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.11\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mechanical efficiency =  86.0215053763  percent,\n",
-      " Brake mean effective pressure =  24.4461992589  bar\n",
-      " Air standard ratio =  58.4417930454  percent,\n",
-      " Brake thermal efficiency is  46.5  percent,\n",
-      " Relative efficiency =  79.5663472609  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "Bp = 40.0 # Brake power when all cylinder operating in kW\n",
-    "N = 2000.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
-    "Bp1 = 32.2 # Brake power with cylinder no. 1 cut out in kW\n",
-    "Bp2 = 32.0 # Brake power with cylinder no. 2 cut out in kW\n",
-    "Bp3 = 32.5 # Brake power with cylinder no. 3 cut out in kW\n",
-    "Bp4 = 32.4 # Brake power with cylinder no. 4 cut out in kW\n",
-    "Bp5 = 32.1 # Brake power with cylinder no. 5 cut out in kW\n",
-    "Bp6 = 32.3 # Brake power with cylinder no. 6 cut out in kW\n",
-    "d = 100.0 # Diameter of cylinder in mm\n",
-    "L = 125.0 # Stroke of cylinder in mm\n",
-    "Vc = 0.000123 # Clearance volume in m**3\n",
-    "m_f = 9.0 # Fuel consumption in kg/h\n",
-    "cv = 40.0 # Heating value in MJ/kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.11\\n\"\n",
-    "Ip1 = Bp-Bp1\n",
-    "Ip2 = Bp-Bp2\n",
-    "Ip3 = Bp-Bp3\n",
-    "Ip4 = Bp-Bp4\n",
-    "Ip5 = Bp-Bp5\n",
-    "Ip6 = Bp-Bp6\n",
-    "Ip = Ip1+Ip2+Ip3+Ip4+Ip5+Ip6\n",
-    "n_m = Bp/Ip\n",
-    "bmep = Bp*2*60/(L*(10**-3)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(math.pi/4)*N)\n",
-    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*(L*(10**-3))\n",
-    "r_k = (Vs+Vc)/Vc\n",
-    "n_ase = 1- (1/(r_k**(1.4-1)))\n",
-    "n_th = Ip*3600/(m_f*cv*1000)\n",
-    "R_e = n_th/n_ase\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mechanical efficiency = \",n_m*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake mean effective pressure = \",bmep*(10**-2) ,\" bar\\n Air standard ratio = \",n_ase*100 ,\" percent,\\n Brake thermal efficiency is \",n_th*100 ,\" percent,\\n Relative efficiency = \",R_e*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The value of  answer for air standard efficiency is different because of round off error\n",
-    "# Answer given in the book for bmep is 3.055 bar which is wrong.\n",
-    "# Answer given in the book for brake thermal efficiency is 40 percent which is wrong.\n",
-    "# Answer given in the book for relative efficiency is 68.6 percent which is wrong.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.12:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.12\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power lost as a percentage of the power produced by the turbine =  23.5485226573  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "p1 = 0.95 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 25 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "p2 = 2 # Delivery pressure in bar\n",
-    "r = 18 # Air fuel ratio\n",
-    "t3 = 600 # Temperature of gasses leaving the engine in degree centigrade\n",
-    "p3 = 1.8 # Pressure of gasses leaving the engine in bar\n",
-    "p4 = 1.04 # Pressure at the inlet of turbine in bar\n",
-    "n_c = 0.75 # Efficiency of compresor\n",
-    "n_t = 0.85 # Efficiency of turbine\n",
-    "Cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "Cp_ = 1.15 # Heat capacity of gasses in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "gama = 1.4 # Adiabatic index for air\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.12\\n\"\n",
-    "T2_s = (t1+273)*(p2/p1)**((gama-1)/gama)\n",
-    "T2 = (t1+273)+((T2_s-(t1+273))/n_c)\n",
-    "Wc = Cp*(T2-(t1+273))\n",
-    "T4_s = (t3+273)*((p4/p3)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "T4 = (t3+273)-((t3+273)-T4_s)*n_t\n",
-    "Wt = (1+(1/r))*Cp_*((t3+273)-T4)\n",
-    "n = (Wt-Wc)/Wt\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power lost as a percentage of the power produced by the turbine = \",n*100 ,\" percent\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.13:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.13\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Total orifice area per injector =  0.521323450963  mm**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "Bp = 250.0 # Power developed by the engine in kW\n",
-    "n = 6.0 # No of cylinders \n",
-    "N = 2000.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
-    "bsfc = 0.2 # Specific fuel consumption in kg/kWh\n",
-    "P = 35.0 # Pressure at the begining of the injection in bar\n",
-    "p_max = 55.0 # Maximum cylinder pressure in bar\n",
-    "p = 180.0 # Expected pressure for injection in bar\n",
-    "P_max = 520.0 # Maximum pressure at the injection in bar\n",
-    "c_d = 0.78 # Cofficient of discharge\n",
-    "s = 0.85 # Specific gravity of fuel oil\n",
-    "p_atm = 1.0 # Atmospheric pressure in bar\n",
-    "theta = 18.0 # Crank angle in degree\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.13\\n\"\n",
-    "Bp_cy = Bp/n\n",
-    "m_f = Bp_cy*bsfc/60 # in kg/min\n",
-    "f_c = m_f*(2/N)\n",
-    "T = theta/(360*(N/60))\n",
-    "delta_p = p-P\n",
-    "delta_p_ = P_max-p_max\n",
-    "avg_delta_p = (delta_p+delta_p_)/2\n",
-    "v = c_d*math.sqrt((2*(avg_delta_p)*(10**5))/(s*1000))\n",
-    "V = m_f*(10**-3)/(s*1000)\n",
-    "A = V/(v*T)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Total orifice area per injector = \",A*10**6 ,\" mm**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.14:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.14\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Thermal efficiency =  19.8935818353  percemt,\n",
-      " Gas consumption per kWh on indicated power basis =  1.04109744938  m**3/kWh\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "n=1.3 # Polytropic index\n",
-    "p1 = 140.0 # Pressure at point one in kN/m**2\n",
-    "p2 = 360.0 # Pressure at point two in kN/m**2\n",
-    "r_e = 0.4 # Relative efficiency\n",
-    "cv = 18840 # Calorific value in kJ/m**2\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.14\\n\"\n",
-    "r = (((p2/p1)**(1/n))-1)/((0.75-0.25*((p2/p1)**(1.0/n))))\n",
-    "r_k  = r+1\n",
-    "n_ase = 1.0-(1.0/((r_k)**(0.4)))\n",
-    "n_th = r_e*n_ase\n",
-    "V_f = n_th*cv/3600\n",
-    "print \"\\n Thermal efficiency = \",n_th*100 ,\" percemt,\\n Gas consumption per kWh on indicated power basis = \",V_f ,\" m**3/kWh\"\n",
-    "#The value of  answer is different because of round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.15:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mechanical efficiency =  80.2324301595  percemt\n",
-      "\n",
-      "                  Energy Balance\n",
-      "\n",
-      "                                 Input          Output\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat supplied by fuel            816.666666667  kW    -\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Useful work(BP)                   -             245.0  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat carried by cooling water     -             251.778266667  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat carried by steam             -             64.26  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat carried by cooling oil       -             42.0  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat carried by dry exhaust gas   -             166.946877778  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Heat transferred to surroundings  -             46.6815222222  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "d = 180.0 # Bore in mm\n",
-    "L = 200.0 # Stroke in mm\n",
-    "Bp = 245.0 # Brake power in kW\n",
-    "N = 1500.0 # Speed in rpm\n",
-    "mep = 8.0 # Mean effective pressure in bar\n",
-    "m_f = 70.0 # Fuel consumption in kg/h\n",
-    "cv = 42.0 # Heating value of fuel in MJ/kg\n",
-    "m_h = 0.12 # Fraction of hydrogen content by mass\n",
-    "m_a = 26.0 # Air consumption in kg/min\n",
-    "m_w = 82.0 # Mass of cooling water in kg/min\n",
-    "delta_t = 44 # Cooling water temperature rise in degree centigrade\n",
-    "m_o = 50.0 # Cooling oil circulated through the engine in kg/min\n",
-    "delta_T = 24 # Cooling oil temperature rise in degree centigrade\n",
-    "s_o = 2.1 # Specific heat of cooling oil in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "t = 30.0 # Room temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "t_e = 400.0 # Exhaust gas temperature on degree centigrade\n",
-    "c_p_de = 1.045 # Heat capacity of dry exhaust gas in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "p = 0.035 # Partial pressure of steam in exhaust gas in bar\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.15\\n\"\n",
-    "h = m_f*cv*1000/3600\n",
-    "Ip = mep*(10**5)*L*(10**-3)*(math.pi/4)*((d*(10**-3))**2)*N*6/(2*60000)\n",
-    "n_m = Bp/Ip\n",
-    "h_w = (m_w/60)*(4.187*delta_t)\n",
-    "h_o = (m_o/60)*(s_o*delta_T)\n",
-    "m_e = m_f/60 + m_a\n",
-    "m_v = m_h*9*(m_f/60)\n",
-    "m_de = (m_e-m_v)/60\n",
-    "H = 3060 # From the steam table the enthalpy of steam at the exhaust contion(0.035 bar) in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_s = (m_v/60)*H\n",
-    "h_de = (m_de)*(c_p_de)*(t_e-t)\n",
-    "h_su = h - (Bp+h_w+h_s+h_o+h_de)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mechanical efficiency = \",n_m*100 ,\" percemt\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n                  Energy Balance\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n                                 Input          Output\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat supplied by fuel           \",h ,\" kW    -\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Useful work(BP)                   -            \",Bp ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat carried by cooling water     -            \",h_w ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat carried by steam             -            \",h_s ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat carried by cooling oil       -            \",h_o ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat carried by dry exhaust gas   -            \",h_de ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Heat transferred to surroundings  -            \",h_su ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex20.16:pg-853"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 20.16\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Fuel consumption =  7.13500385939  kg/h,\n",
-      " Brake mean effective pressure =  29.5555555556  bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "N = 3000 # Speed in rpm\n",
-    "T = 66.5 # Torque in Nm\n",
-    "d = 60 # Bore in mm\n",
-    "L = 100 # Stroke in mm\n",
-    "Vc = 60 # Clearance volume in cc\n",
-    "r_e = 0.5 # Relative efficiency\n",
-    "cv = 42 # Calorific value in MJ/kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 20.16\\n\"\n",
-    "Vs = (math.pi/4)*((60*(10**-3))**2)*(L*(10**-3))\n",
-    "r_k = (Vs+(Vc*(10**-6)))/(Vc*(10**-6))\n",
-    "n_ase = 1-(1/(r_k**(0.4)))\n",
-    "n_br = n_ase*r_e\n",
-    "Bp = (2*(math.pi)*T*N)/(60000)\n",
-    "m_f = Bp*3600/(cv*1000*n_br)\n",
-    "bmep = Bp*60000/(Vs*(N/2))\n",
-    "print \"\\n Fuel consumption = \",m_f ,\" kg/h,\\n Brake mean effective pressure = \",bmep*(10**-5) ,\" bar\"\n",
-    "#The answer given in the book for bmep has calculation error\n",
-    "# The answer has round off error for fuel consumption"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter21.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter21.ipynb
index 0526be31..99e27030 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter21.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "r_c = 3.5 # Compression ratio\n",
     "n_c = 0.85 # Efficiency of compressor\n",
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "v_bm = 360 # Blade velocity at the mean diameter of a gas turbine stage in m/s\n",
     "beta1 = 20 # Blade angle at inlet in degree\n",
@@ -146,7 +148,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -206,7 +208,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -286,7 +288,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -339,7 +341,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -353,13 +355,14 @@
       "\n",
       "\n",
       " Air-fuel ratio =  60.9221650764 ,\n",
-      " Thrust power of the propeller =  0.0  kJ/s ,\n",
-      " Thrust by the propeller =  0.0  kN,\n",
-      " Mass flow rate of air flowing through the compressor =  0.0  kg/s,\n"
+      " Thrust power of the propeller =  4144.33833875  kJ/s ,\n",
+      " Thrust by the propeller =  26.523765368  kN,\n",
+      " Mass flow rate of air flowing through the compressor =  27.4358227  kg/s,\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "p1 = 0.56 # Ambient pressure in bar\n",
     "t1 = 260.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
@@ -392,12 +395,12 @@
     "Pp = Wt-Wc\n",
     "p5 = p1\n",
     "t5_s = t4/((p4/p5)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "Vj = sqrt(2*Cp*1000*(t4-t5_s)*n_n)\n",
+    "Vj = math.sqrt(2*Cp*1000*(t4-t5_s)*n_n)\n",
     "Ft = (1+m_f)*Vj-1*Vo\n",
     "V = Vo/n_p\n",
     "V4 = 2*V-Vo\n",
     "Q = (math.pi/4)*(d**2)*V\n",
-    "Pt = (1/2)*(p1*(10**5)/(287*t1))*Q*((V4**2)-(Vo**2))/1000\n",
+    "Pt = (1/2.0)*(p1*(10**5)/(287*t1))*Q*((V4**2)-(Vo**2))/1000\n",
     "PT = Pt/n_g\n",
     "ma_c = PT/Pp\n",
     "Fp = Pt*n_p/V\n",
@@ -414,7 +417,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -457,7 +460,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -476,7 +479,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "Pc = 2.4 # Pressure in combustion chamber in MPa\n",
     "Tc = 3170 # Temperature in combustion chamber in K\n",
@@ -489,8 +492,8 @@
     "R = 0.693 # Value of gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",
     "theta = 12 # Half angle of divergence in degree\n",
     "print \"\\n Example 21.8\\n\"\n",
-    "Vj = sqrt((2*gama*R*1000*Tc/(gama-1))*(1-(Pj/(Pc*1000))**((gama-1)/gama)))\n",
-    "Vj_act = ((1+cos(12))/2)*Vj*sqrt(n_n)\n",
+    "Vj = math.sqrt((2*gama*R*1000*Tc/(gama-1))*(1-(Pj/(Pc*1000))**((gama-1)/gama)))\n",
+    "Vj_act = ((1+math.cos(12))/2)*Vj*math.sqrt(n_n)\n",
     "m = At*Pc*(10**6)*((gama/(R*1000*Tc))*(2/(gama+1))**((gama+1)/(gama-1)))**(1.0/2)\n",
     "m_act = Cd*m\n",
     "Ae = m/(Pe*Vj)\n",
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter21_ingIztX.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter21_ingIztX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 99e27030..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter21_ingIztX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,528 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 21: Gas Turbines And Propulsion Systems"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex21.1:pg-885"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 21.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Power output =  581.68934348  kJ/kg,\n",
-      " The overall efficiency =  25.8717426718  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "r_c = 3.5 # Compression ratio\n",
-    "n_c = 0.85 # Efficiency of compressor\n",
-    "p1 = 1 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 300 # Temperature in K\n",
-    "t3 = 310 # Temperature at the exit of the intercooler in K\n",
-    "r_c_ = 3.5 # Compression ratio for high pressure compressor\n",
-    "n_c_ = 0.85 # Efficiency of H.P. compressor\n",
-    "e = 0.8 # Effectiveness of regenerator\n",
-    "n_t = 0.88 # Efficiency of H.P. tubine\n",
-    "t6 = 1100 # Temperature in H.P. tubine in K\n",
-    "t8 = 1050 # Temperature at the entrance of L.P. turbine in K\n",
-    "n_t_ = 0.88 # Efficiency of L.P. turbine\n",
-    "Cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "Cp_ = 1.15 # Heat capacity of gases in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "gama = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio for air\n",
-    "gama_ = 1.33 # Heat capacity ratio for gases\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 21.1\\n\"\n",
-    "p2 = r_c*p1\n",
-    "p4 = p2*r_c_\n",
-    "t2_s = t1*((r_c)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "t2 = t1+((t2_s-t1)/n_c)\n",
-    "t4_s = t3*((r_c_)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "t4 = t3+((t4_s-t3)/n_c_)\n",
-    "Wc = Cp*((t2-t1)+(t4-t3))\n",
-    "t7 = t6 - (Wc/Cp_)\n",
-    "t7_s = t6 - (t6-t7)/n_t\n",
-    "r_p = (t6/t7_s)**(gama_/(gama_-1))\n",
-    "p7 = p4/r_p\n",
-    "t9_s = t8/((p7/p1)**((gama_-1)/gama_))\n",
-    "t9 = t8-(t8-t9_s)*n_t_\n",
-    "Wt_LP = Cp_*(t8-t9)\n",
-    "W_T = Wt_LP+Wc\n",
-    "Rw = Wt_LP/W_T\n",
-    "Q1 = (Cp_*t6-Cp*t4)+Cp_*(t8-t7)\n",
-    "n_plant = Wt_LP/Q1\n",
-    "print \"\\n Power output = \",W_T ,\" kJ/kg,\\n The overall efficiency = \",n_plant*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers given in the book have round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex21.2:pg-886"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 21.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Flow velocity =  -43.4235444397  m/s,\n",
-      " The blade angle at the root =  -1.43579153344  degree,and at the tip =  1.21859133292  degree,\n",
-      " The degree of reaction at the root =  63.9551441794  percent, and at the tip =  26.0409057706  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "v_bm = 360 # Blade velocity at the mean diameter of a gas turbine stage in m/s\n",
-    "beta1 = 20 # Blade angle at inlet in degree\n",
-    "beta2 = 52 # Blade angle at exit in degree\n",
-    "r = 0.5 # Degree of reaction\n",
-    "Dm = 0.45 # Mean diameter of blade in m\n",
-    "h = 0.08 # Mean height of blade in m\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 21.2\\n\"\n",
-    "v_f = v_bm/((math.tan(beta2))-math.tan(beta1))\n",
-    "r_r = (Dm/2)-h/2\n",
-    "r_t = Dm/2 +h/2\n",
-    "delta_v_wm = v_f*((math.tan(beta1))+(math.tan(beta2)))\n",
-    "v_br = v_bm*(r_r/(Dm/2))\n",
-    "delta_v_wr = delta_v_wm*v_bm/v_br\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v_bt = (r_t/(Dm/2))*v_bm\n",
-    "v_w_1m = v_f*(math.tan(beta2))\n",
-    "v_w_1t = v_w_1m*(Dm/2)/r_t\n",
-    "delta_v_wt = v_f*((math.tan(beta1))+(math.tan(beta2)))*v_bm/v_bt\n",
-    "v_w_1r = v_w_1m*((Dm/2)/r_r)\n",
-    "alpha_1r = math.atan(v_w_1r/v_f)\n",
-    "alpha_2r = math.atan((delta_v_wr-v_w_1r)/v_f)\n",
-    "beta_1r = math.atan((v_w_1r-v_br)/v_f)\n",
-    "beta_2r = math.atan((v_br+v_f*(math.tan(alpha_2r)))/v_f)\n",
-    "alpha_1t = math.atan(v_w_1t/v_f)\n",
-    "alpha_2t = math.atan((delta_v_wt-v_w_1t)/v_f)\n",
-    "beta_1t = math.atan((v_w_1t-v_bt)/v_f)\n",
-    "beta_2t = math.atan((v_bt+(v_f*math.tan(alpha_2t)))/v_f)\n",
-    "Rt = v_f*((math.tan(beta_2t))-(math.tan(beta_1t)))/(2*v_bt)\n",
-    "Rr = v_f*((math.tan(beta_2r))-(math.tan(beta_1r)))/(2*v_br)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Flow velocity = \",v_f ,\" m/s,\\n The blade angle at the root = \",alpha_1r ,\" degree,and at the tip = \",alpha_2r ,\" degree,\\n The degree of reaction at the root = \",Rt*100 ,\" percent, and at the tip = \",Rr*100 ,\" percent\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex21.3:pg-887"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 21.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The blade angle at the inlet =  0.513725711568  degree,and at the exit =  1.1075454267  degree,\n",
-      " The overall efficiency of the turbine =  87.5152054946  percent\n",
-      " The stage efficiency =  85.2048267464  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "p1 = 8 # Pressure of entrance in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 1125 # Temperature of entrance in K\n",
-    "p2 = 1.5 # Pressure of exit in bar\n",
-    "n = 11 # No of stages\n",
-    "Vf = 110 # Axial velocity of flow in m/s\n",
-    "n_p = 0.85 # Polytropic efficiency \n",
-    "Vb = 140 # Mean velocity in m/s\n",
-    "gama = 1.33 # Heat capacity ratio for gases\n",
-    "Cp = 1.15 # Heat capacity of gases in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "r = 0.5 # Fraction of reaction\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 21.3\\n\"\n",
-    "t2 = t1*((p2/p1)**((gama-1)*n_p/gama))\n",
-    "t2_s = t1*((p2/p1)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "n_s = (t1-t2)/(t1-t2_s)\n",
-    "Wt = Cp*(t1-t2)\n",
-    "Wt_s = Wt/n\n",
-    "V_w1 = (((Wt_s*1000)/Vb) + Vb)/2\n",
-    "alpha1 = math.atan(Vf/V_w1)\n",
-    "alpha2 = alpha1\n",
-    "beta1 = math.atan(Vf/(V_w1-Vb))\n",
-    "h_s = Wt_s\n",
-    "t_s = h_s/Cp\n",
-    "t1_ = t1-t_s\n",
-    "t1_s = t1*((t1_/t1)**(gama/((gama-1)*n_p)))**((gama-1)/gama)\n",
-    "n_st = (t1-t1_)/(t1-t1_s)\n",
-    "print \"\\n The blade angle at the inlet = \",alpha1 ,\" degree,and at the exit = \",beta1 ,\" degree,\\n The overall efficiency of the turbine = \",n_s*100 ,\" percent\\n The stage efficiency = \",n_st*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book contain round off error."
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex21.4:pg-889"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 21.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Total thrust developed =  6675.46374954  N,\n",
-      " The specific fuel consumption =  0.0236198761133  kg/kNs\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "v = 800.0 # Speed of aircraft in km/h\n",
-    "h = 10700.0 # Height of aircraft in m\n",
-    "p0 = 0.24 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "t0 = -50.0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "r_p = 10.0 # Compressor pressure ratio\n",
-    "t03 = 1093.0 # Max cycle temperature in K\n",
-    "n_ed = 0.9 # Entry duct efficiency\n",
-    "n_c = 0.9 # Isentropic efficiency of compressure\n",
-    "p_ = 0.14 # Stagnation pressure loss in combustion chamber in bar\n",
-    "cv = 43.3 # Calorific value of fuel in MJ/kg\n",
-    "n_C = 0.98 # Combustion efficiency\n",
-    "n_t = 0.92 # Isentropic efficiency of turbine\n",
-    "n_m = 0.98 # Mechanical efficiency of drive\n",
-    "n_j = 0.92 # Jet pipe efficiency\n",
-    "a = 0.08 # Nozzle outlet area in m**2\n",
-    "Cp = 1.005 # Heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "gama = 1.4 # Ratio of heat capacities for air\n",
-    "Cp_ = 1.15 # Heat capacity for gases in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "gama_ = 1.333 # Ratio of heat capacities for gases\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 21.4\\n\"\n",
-    "KE = (1/2)*(v*5/18)**2\n",
-    "tr = KE/(1000*Cp)\n",
-    "t01 = tr + (273+t0)\n",
-    "t01_s = (t0+273)+(n_ed*(t01-(t0+273)))\n",
-    "p01 = p0*((t01_s/(t0+273))**(gama/(gama-1)))\n",
-    "t02_s = t01*((r_p)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "t02 = (t01) + (t02_s-t01)/n_c\n",
-    "p02 = p01*r_p\n",
-    "p03 = p02-p_\n",
-    "t04 = t03 - (Cp*(t02-t01)/(Cp_*n_m))\n",
-    "t04_s = t03-(t03-t04)/n_t\n",
-    "p04 = p03/((t03/t04_s)**(gama_/(gama_-1)))\n",
-    "p_cr = p04*((2/(gama_+1))**(gama_/(gama_-1)))\n",
-    "t05 = t04*(2/(gama_+1))\n",
-    "t05_s = t04-((t04-t05)/n_j)\n",
-    "p05 = p04/((t04/t05_s)**(gama_/(gama_-1)))\n",
-    "R = Cp_*(gama_-1)/gama_\n",
-    "v5 = R*t05/(p05*100)\n",
-    "Vj = math.sqrt(gama_*R*1000*t05)\n",
-    "m = a*Vj/v5\n",
-    "Mt = m*(Vj-v*(5/18))\n",
-    "Pt = (p05-p0)*a*10**5\n",
-    "Tt = Mt+Pt\n",
-    "Q1 = m*(t03-t02)*Cp_\n",
-    "m_f = Q1/(cv*1000*n_C)\n",
-    "m_sf = m_f*1000/Tt\n",
-    "print \"\\n Total thrust developed = \",Tt ,\" N,\\n The specific fuel consumption = \",m_sf ,\" kg/kNs\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book contain round off error."
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex21.5:pg-889"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 21.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Propulsive power =  9.1580625  MW,\n",
-      " Thrust power =  4402.35949174  kW,\n",
-      " Propulsive efficiency =  48.070860968  percent\n",
-      " Thermal efficiency =  36.63225  percent,\n",
-      " Overall efficiency =  17.609437967  percent \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "v = 850.0 # Speed of turbojet in km/h\n",
-    "m = 50.0 # Air mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "s = 200.0 # Entropy drop across the nozzle in kJ/kg\n",
-    "n_n = 0.9 # Nozzle efficiency\n",
-    "r = 80.0 # Air fuel ratio\n",
-    "cv = 40.0 # Heating value of fuel in MJ/kg\n",
-    "Cp = 1005.0 # Heat capacity of air in J/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 21.5\\n\"\n",
-    "Vo = v*(5.0/18)\n",
-    "m_f = m/r\n",
-    "Ve = math.sqrt(2*Cp*s*n_n)\n",
-    "T = (m+m_f)*Ve-m*Vo\n",
-    "TP = T*Vo\n",
-    "PP = (1.0/2.0)*(m+m_f)*(Ve**2)-(1/2)*(m*Vo**2)\n",
-    "n_p = TP/PP\n",
-    "n_t = PP/(m_f*cv*1000000)\n",
-    "n = n_t*n_p\n",
-    "print \"\\n Propulsive power = \",PP*(10**-6) ,\" MW,\\n Thrust power = \",TP*(10**-3) ,\" kW,\\n Propulsive efficiency = \",n_p*100 ,\" percent\\n Thermal efficiency = \",n_t*100 ,\" percent,\\n Overall efficiency = \",n*100 ,\" percent \""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex21.6:pg-890"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 21.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Air-fuel ratio =  60.9221650764 ,\n",
-      " Thrust power of the propeller =  4144.33833875  kJ/s ,\n",
-      " Thrust by the propeller =  26.523765368  kN,\n",
-      " Mass flow rate of air flowing through the compressor =  27.4358227  kg/s,\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "p1 = 0.56 # Ambient pressure in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 260.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
-    "r_p = 6.0 # Pressure ratio of compressor\n",
-    "n_c = 0.85 # Efficiency of compressor\n",
-    "v = 360.0 # Speed of aircraft in km/h\n",
-    "d = 3.0 # Propeller diameter in m\n",
-    "n_p = 0.8 # Propeller efficiency\n",
-    "n_g = 0.95 # Gear reduction efficiency\n",
-    "r_e = 5.0 # Expansion ratio\n",
-    "n_t = 0.88 # Turbine efficiency\n",
-    "t3 = 1100.0 # Temperature at the entrance of turbine in K\n",
-    "n_n = 0.9 # Nozzle efficiency\n",
-    "cv = 40.0 # Calorific value in MJ/kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 21.6\\n\"\n",
-    "gama = 1.4 # Heat capacities ratio for air\n",
-    "Vo = v*(5.0/18)\n",
-    "p2 = p1*r_p\n",
-    "t2_s = t1*((r_p)**(0.286))\n",
-    "t2 = t1+((t2_s-t1)/n_c)\n",
-    "Cp = 1.005 # The value of heat capacity of air as given in the book in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "Wc = Cp*(t2-t1)\n",
-    "m_f = (t3-t2)/((cv*1000/Cp)-t3)\n",
-    "m_a = 1.0/m_f\n",
-    "p3=p2\n",
-    "p4 = p3/r_e\n",
-    "t4_s = t3/((r_e)**(0.286))\n",
-    "t4 = t3-((t3-t4_s)*n_t)\n",
-    "Wt = (1+m_f)*(t3-t4)*Cp\n",
-    "Pp = Wt-Wc\n",
-    "p5 = p1\n",
-    "t5_s = t4/((p4/p5)**((gama-1)/gama))\n",
-    "Vj = math.sqrt(2*Cp*1000*(t4-t5_s)*n_n)\n",
-    "Ft = (1+m_f)*Vj-1*Vo\n",
-    "V = Vo/n_p\n",
-    "V4 = 2*V-Vo\n",
-    "Q = (math.pi/4)*(d**2)*V\n",
-    "Pt = (1/2.0)*(p1*(10**5)/(287*t1))*Q*((V4**2)-(Vo**2))/1000\n",
-    "PT = Pt/n_g\n",
-    "ma_c = PT/Pp\n",
-    "Fp = Pt*n_p/V\n",
-    "print \"\\n Air-fuel ratio = \",m_a ,\",\\n Thrust power of the propeller = \",Pt ,\" kJ/s ,\\n Thrust by the propeller = \",Fp ,\" kN,\\n Mass flow rate of air flowing through the compressor = \",ma_c ,\" kg/s,\"\n",
-    "# The answers are given in the book contain calculation error."
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex21.7:pg-890"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 21.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Velocity attain by the rocket in 70 seconds =  1064.23747471  m/s ,\n",
-      " The maximum height that the rocket will attain =  86.1455071297  km\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate \n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "m = 15000.0 # Initial mass of rocket in kg\n",
-    "m_b = 125.0 # Burning rate of propellent in kg/s\n",
-    "v = 2000.0 # Relative velocity of gases with respect to the rocket in m/s\n",
-    "T = 70.0 # Time in second\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 21.7\\n\"\n",
-    "V = (-v*math.log(1-(m_b*T/m)))-(9.81*T)\n",
-    "h1,err = integrate.quad(lambda t:-v*math.log(1-(m_b*t/m))-9.81*t,0,T)\n",
-    "h2 = (V**2)/(2*9.81)\n",
-    "hmax = h2 + h1\n",
-    "print \"\\n Velocity attain by the rocket in 70 seconds = \",V ,\" m/s ,\\n The maximum height that the rocket will attain = \",hmax*0.001 ,\" km\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex21.8:pg-890"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 21.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Thrust produced =  218.178625017  kN,\n",
-      " Specific impulse =  3482.18007048  Ns/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "Pc = 2.4 # Pressure in combustion chamber in MPa\n",
-    "Tc = 3170 # Temperature in combustion chamber in K\n",
-    "Pj = 55 # Atomospheric pressure in kPa\n",
-    "Pe = 85 # Pressure at the exit of nozzle in kPa\n",
-    "At = 0.06 # Area at the nozzle throat in m**2\n",
-    "n_n = 0.91 # Nozzle efficiency\n",
-    "Cd = 0.98 # Cofficient of discharge\n",
-    "gama = 1.25 # Heat capacities ratio for gases\n",
-    "R = 0.693 # Value of gas constant in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "theta = 12 # Half angle of divergence in degree\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 21.8\\n\"\n",
-    "Vj = math.sqrt((2*gama*R*1000*Tc/(gama-1))*(1-(Pj/(Pc*1000))**((gama-1)/gama)))\n",
-    "Vj_act = ((1+math.cos(12))/2)*Vj*math.sqrt(n_n)\n",
-    "m = At*Pc*(10**6)*((gama/(R*1000*Tc))*(2/(gama+1))**((gama+1)/(gama-1)))**(1.0/2)\n",
-    "m_act = Cd*m\n",
-    "Ae = m/(Pe*Vj)\n",
-    "Ft = m*Vj+Ae*(Pe-Pj)*1000\n",
-    "SIm = Ft/m_act\n",
-    "print \"\\n Thrust produced = \",Ft*0.001 ,\" kN,\\n Specific impulse = \",SIm ,\" Ns/kg\"\n",
-    "# The answers are given in the book contain claculation error.\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter22.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter22.ipynb
index e9d827fd..228b303a 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter22.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "p = 1.013e5 # Pressure in Pa\n",
     "t = 300 # Temperature in K\n",
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "lambda1 = (2.63e-5) # Mean free path of the molecules of the gas in m\n",
     "t = 25 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
@@ -127,7 +128,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "import math\n",
     "from scipy import integrate \n",
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -190,6 +190,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "p = 1.0 # Pressure in atm\n",
     "t = 300.0 # Temperature in K\n",
@@ -212,7 +213,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -232,7 +233,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "p = 1.0 # Pressure in atm\n",
     "t = 300.0 # Temperature in K\n",
@@ -298,7 +299,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -318,6 +319,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "V = 1.0 # Volume of the flask in litre\n",
     "p = 1.0 # Pressure in atm\n",
@@ -360,6 +362,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "lambda1 = 2.0 # Mean free path in cm\n",
     "T = 300.0 # Temperature in K\n",
@@ -381,7 +384,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -399,7 +402,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "f = 0.9 # Fraction of electrons leaving the cathode ray and reaching the anode without making any collision\n",
     "x = 20.0 # Distance between cathode ray tube and anode in cm\n",
@@ -422,7 +425,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -431,18 +434,19 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "\n",
+      " \n",
       " Example 22.10 \n",
       "\n",
       "\n",
       " Initial concentration gradient of reactive molecules = 0.0  molecules/m**4, \n",
       " The no of reactive molecules per sec cross a cross section at the mid point of the tube from left to right = 0.9 molecules/m**2,\n",
-      " The no of reactive molecules per sec cross a cross section at the mid point of the tube from right to left = 4.08598425576e-12  molecule/m**2,\n",
+      " The no of reactive molecules per sec cross a cross section at the mid point of the tube from right to left = 2.71828182846  molecule/m**2,\n",
       " Initial net rate of diffusion =  0.0112863158384 g/m**2-s\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "l = 2.0 # Length of tube in m\n",
     "a = 1e-4 # Cross section of the tube in m**2\n",
@@ -463,7 +467,7 @@
     "d = (1.0/6)*(v*lambda1*(-1*C_g))*2*(m)\n",
     "a=x+y\n",
     "b=x-y\n",
-    "print \"\\n Initial concentration gradient of reactive molecules =\",math.exp (C_g),\" molecules/m**4, \\n The no of reactive molecules per sec cross a cross section at the mid point of the tube from left to right =\",f , \"molecules/m**2,\\n The no of reactive molecules per sec cross a cross section at the mid point of the tube from right to left =\",e ,\" molecule/m**2,\\n Initial net rate of diffusion = \",d*1000 ,\"g/m**2-s\"\n",
+    "print \"\\n Initial concentration gradient of reactive molecules =\",math.exp (C_g),\" molecules/m**4, \\n The no of reactive molecules per sec cross a cross section at the mid point of the tube from left to right =\",f , \"molecules/m**2,\\n The no of reactive molecules per sec cross a cross section at the mid point of the tube from right to left =\",math.e ,\" molecule/m**2,\\n Initial net rate of diffusion = \",d*1000 ,\"g/m**2-s\"\n",
     "# The answer for lambda given in the book conatains calculation error\n",
     "# The answers contains calculation error\n"
    ]
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter22_yljf4OR.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter22_yljf4OR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 228b303a..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter22_yljf4OR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,497 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 22: Transport Processes in Gas"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex22.1:pg-911"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 22.1 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Mean free path = math.exp m,\n",
-      " The fraction of molecules have free path longer than 2*lambda =  13.5335283237  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "p = 1.013e5 # Pressure in Pa\n",
-    "t = 300 # Temperature in K\n",
-    "d = 3.5 # Effective diameter of oxygen molecule in Angstrom \n",
-    "r = 2 # Ratio of free path of molecules with the lambda\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 22.1 \\n\"\n",
-    "sigma = math.pi*(d*(10**-10))**2\n",
-    "n = p/(t*1.38*(10**-23))\n",
-    "R = math.exp(-r)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Mean free path = math.exp m,\\n The fraction of molecules have free path longer than 2*lambda = \",R*100, \" percent\"\n",
-    "# Answer given in the book contain round off error for mean free path."
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex22.2:pg-912"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 22.2 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Pressure of the gas =  134.236067593  Pa,\n",
-      " No of collisions made by a molecule per meter of path = math.exp 38022.8136882\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "lambda1 = (2.63e-5) # Mean free path of the molecules of the gas in m\n",
-    "t = 25 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "r = 2.56e-10 # Radius of the molecules in m\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 22.2 \\n\"\n",
-    "sigma = 4*math.pi*r**2\n",
-    "n = 0.707/(sigma*lambda1)\n",
-    "p = n*(t+273)*(1.38*10**-23)\n",
-    "N = 1.0/lambda1\n",
-    "print \"\\n Pressure of the gas = \",p,\" Pa,\\n No of collisions made by a molecule per meter of path = math.exp\",N\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex22.3:pg-912"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 22.3 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The no of free paths which are longer than, \n",
-      " 10 cm =  3679.0 ,\n",
-      " 20 cm =  1354.0 ,\n",
-      " 50 cm =  68.0 ,\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The no of free paths which are between,\n",
-      " 5 cm and 10 cm =  -2387.0 ,\n",
-      " 9.5 cm and 10.5 cm =  -369.0 ,\n",
-      " 9.9 cm and 10.1 cm =  -74.0 ,\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The no of free paths which are exactly 10 cm =  -0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate \n",
-    "lambda1 = 10.0 # Mean free path of the gas in cm\n",
-    "N0 = 10000.0 # No of free paths\n",
-    "x1 = 10.0 # In cm\n",
-    "x2 = 20.0 # In cm\n",
-    "x3 = 50.0 # In cm\n",
-    "x4 = 5.0 # In cm\n",
-    "x5 = 9.5 # In cm\n",
-    "x6 = 10.5 # In cm\n",
-    "x7 = 9.9 # In cm\n",
-    "x8 = 10.1 # In cm\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 22.3 \\n\"\n",
-    "# For x>10 cm\n",
-    "N1 = N0*(math.exp(-1))\n",
-    "# For x>20 cm\n",
-    "N2 = N0*(math.exp(-2))\n",
-    "# For x>50 cm\n",
-    "N3 = N0*(math.exp(-5))\n",
-    "def f(x): \n",
-    "    y = (-N0/lambda1)*(math.exp((-x)/lambda1)),\n",
-    "    return y\n",
-    "# For 5>x>10 cm\n",
-    "N4,er = integrate.quad( lambda x: (-N0/lambda1)*(math.exp((-x)/lambda1)),x4,x1)\n",
-    "# For 9.5>x>10.5 cm\n",
-    "N5,e = integrate.quad( lambda x: (-N0/lambda1)*(math.exp((-x)/lambda1)),x5,x6)\n",
-    "# For 9.9>x>10.1 cm\n",
-    "N6,eor = integrate.quad( lambda x: (-N0/lambda1)*(math.exp((-x)/lambda1)),x7,x8)\n",
-    "# For x=10 cm\n",
-    "N7,eer = integrate.quad( lambda x: (-N0/lambda1)*(math.exp((-x)/lambda1)),x1,x1)\n",
-    "print \"\\n The no of free paths which are longer than, \\n 10 cm = \",math. ceil(N1) ,\",\\n 20 cm = \",math. ceil(N2) ,\",\\n 50 cm = \",math. ceil(N3) ,\",\\n\\n The no of free paths which are between,\\n 5 cm and 10 cm = \",math.floor(N4) ,\",\\n 9.5 cm and 10.5 cm = \",math.floor(N5) ,\",\\n 9.9 cm and 10.1 cm = \",math.floor(N6) ,\",\\n\\n The no of free paths which are exactly 10 cm = \",N7 \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex22.4:pg-913"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 22.4 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Coefficient of viscosity = math.exp Ns/m**2 2.051171875e-05\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "p = 1.0 # Pressure in atm\n",
-    "t = 300.0 # Temperature in K\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 22.4 \\n\"\n",
-    "# From previous example, we have\n",
-    "m = 5.31e-26 # In kg/molecule\n",
-    "v = 445.0 # In m/s\n",
-    "sigma = 3.84e-19 # In m**2\n",
-    "# Therefore\n",
-    "mu = (1.0/3.0)*(m*v/sigma)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Coefficient of viscosity = math.exp Ns/m**2\",mu"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex22.5:pg-913"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 22.5 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Thermal conductivity  =  0.0  W/mK,\n",
-      " If the gas has Maxwellian velocity distribution,\n",
-      " Thermal conductivity =  5.98958333333e-05  W/mK\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "p = 1.0 # Pressure in atm\n",
-    "t = 300.0 # Temperature in K\n",
-    "F = 5.0 # For oxygen gas degree of freedom\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 22.5 \\n\"\n",
-    "v = 445.0 # In m/s as given in the book\n",
-    "m = 5.31e-26 # Mass of oxygen molecule in kg\n",
-    "sigma = 3.84e-19 # As given in the book in m**2\n",
-    "k = (1/6)*(v*F*(1.38*10**-23))/sigma\n",
-    "# If the gas has Maxwellian velocity distribution,\n",
-    "k_ = (1.0/3.0)*(F*(1.38*10**-23)/sigma)*((1.38*10**-23)*t/(math.pi*m))**(1/2)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Thermal conductivity  = \",k ,\" W/mK,\\n If the gas has Maxwellian velocity distribution,\\n Thermal conductivity = \",k_ ,\" W/mK\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex22.6:pg-914"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 22.6 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Pressure in the cathode ray tube =  0.142844028924  Pa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "F = .90 # Fraction of electrons leaving the cathode ray reach the anode without making a collision\n",
-    "x = 0.2 # Distance between cathode ray and anode in m\n",
-    "d = 3.6e-10 # Diameter of ion in m\n",
-    "t = 2000.0 # Temperature of electron in K\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 22.6 \\n\"\n",
-    "lambda1 = x/(math.log(1/F))\n",
-    "sigma = math.pi*(d**2)\n",
-    "n = 4/(sigma*lambda1)\n",
-    "p = n*(1.38*10**-23)*(t)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Pressure in the cathode ray tube = \",p ,\" Pa\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex22.7:pg-914"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 22.7 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " No of collisions per sec are made by one molecule with the other molecule = 9962400.07749 \n",
-      "The no of molecules strike the flask per sq. cm = 6.11714975845e+20 \n",
-      " No of molecules in the flask = 2.44685990338e+22\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "V = 1.0 # Volume of the flask in litre\n",
-    "p = 1.0 # Pressure in atm\n",
-    "t = 300.0 # Temperature in K\n",
-    "r = 1.8e-10 # Radius of oxygen gas molecule in m\n",
-    "m = 5.31e-26 # Mass of oxygen molecule in kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 22.7 \\n\"\n",
-    "n = (p*(1.013e5))/((1.38e-23)*(t)*1000)\n",
-    "sigma = 4*math.pi*(r**2)\n",
-    "v = ((8*(1.38e-23)*t)/(math.pi*m))**(1/2)\n",
-    "z = sigma*n*v*1000\n",
-    "N = (1.0/4.0)*(n*0.1*v)\n",
-    "print \"\\n No of collisions per sec are made by one molecule with the other molecule =\", z,\"\\nThe no of molecules strike the flask per sq. cm =\",N,\"\\n No of molecules in the flask =\",n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex22.8:pg-915"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 22.8 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Time = 1.00003111262 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "lambda1 = 2.0 # Mean free path in cm\n",
-    "T = 300.0 # Temperature in K\n",
-    "r = 0.5 # As half of the molecules did not make any collision\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 22.8 \\n\"\n",
-    "x = lambda1*(math.log(1/r))\n",
-    "v = 445.58 # For oxygen at 300K in m/s\n",
-    "t = x/(v*100)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Time =\", math.exp(t), \"s\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex22.9:pg-915"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 22.9 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Pressure = 1.03636998072 N/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "f = 0.9 # Fraction of electrons leaving the cathode ray and reaching the anode without making any collision\n",
-    "x = 20.0 # Distance between cathode ray tube and anode in cm\n",
-    "sigma = 4.07e-19 # Collision cross section of molecules in m**2\n",
-    "T = 2000 # Temperature in K\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 22.9 \\n\"\n",
-    "lambda1 = (x*0.01)/(math.log(1.0/f))\n",
-    "n = 1/(sigma*lambda1)\n",
-    "p = n*(1.38e-23)*T\n",
-    "print \"\\n Pressure =\", math.exp(p), \"N/m**2\"\n",
-    "# The answer given in the book contains round off error.\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex22.10:pg-916"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " \n",
-      " Example 22.10 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Initial concentration gradient of reactive molecules = 0.0  molecules/m**4, \n",
-      " The no of reactive molecules per sec cross a cross section at the mid point of the tube from left to right = 0.9 molecules/m**2,\n",
-      " The no of reactive molecules per sec cross a cross section at the mid point of the tube from right to left = 2.71828182846  molecule/m**2,\n",
-      " Initial net rate of diffusion =  0.0112863158384 g/m**2-s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "l = 2.0 # Length of tube in m\n",
-    "a = 1e-4 # Cross section of the tube in m**2\n",
-    "p = 1.0 # Pressure in atm\n",
-    "t = 0 # Temperature in degree centigrade\n",
-    "r = 0.5 # Fraction of the carbon atoms which are radioactive C14\n",
-    "sigma = 4e-19 # Collision cross section area in m**2\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 22.10 \\n\"\n",
-    "n = (p*1.01325e+5)/((1.38e-23)*(t+273))\n",
-    "C_g = -n/l\n",
-    "m = (46/6.023)*10**-26 # In kg/molecule\n",
-    "v = (2.55*(1.38e-23)*(t+273)/m)**(1/2.0)\n",
-    "lambda1 = (1.0/(sigma*n))\n",
-    "gama = (1.0/4)*(v*n) - (1/6.0)*(v*lambda1*(C_g))\n",
-    "gama_ = (1/4.0)*(v*n) + (1.0/6.0)*(v*lambda1*(C_g))\n",
-    "x = (1.0/4)*(v*n)\n",
-    "y = (1.0/6)*(v*lambda1*(C_g))\n",
-    "d = (1.0/6)*(v*lambda1*(-1*C_g))*2*(m)\n",
-    "a=x+y\n",
-    "b=x-y\n",
-    "print \"\\n Initial concentration gradient of reactive molecules =\",math.exp (C_g),\" molecules/m**4, \\n The no of reactive molecules per sec cross a cross section at the mid point of the tube from left to right =\",f , \"molecules/m**2,\\n The no of reactive molecules per sec cross a cross section at the mid point of the tube from right to left =\",math.e ,\" molecule/m**2,\\n Initial net rate of diffusion = \",d*1000 ,\"g/m**2-s\"\n",
-    "# The answer for lambda given in the book conatains calculation error\n",
-    "# The answers contains calculation error\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter6.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter6.ipynb
index a7ace61d..169d80e5 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter6.ipynb
@@ -1,356 +1,365 @@
-{


- "metadata": {


-  "name": "",


-  "signature": "sha256:1e66a4aaf6aa5b1578af922356299d8af3b4aded7460ea4a450b6cc816355a1b"


- },


- "nbformat": 3,


- "nbformat_minor": 0,


- "worksheets": [


-  {


-   "cells": [


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 1,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Chapter 06:Second Law of Thermodynamics"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex6.1:pg-138"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "T1 = 800 # Source temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "\n",


-      "T2 = 30 # Sink temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "\n",


-      "e_max = 1-((T2+273)/(T1+273)) # maximum possible efficiency \n",


-      "\n",


-      "Wnet = 1  # in kW\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Q1 = Wnet/e_max # Least rate of heat required in kJ/s\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Q2 = Q1-Wnet  # Least rate of heat rejection kJ/s\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 6.1\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Least rate of heat rejection is \",Q2,\" kW\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 6.1\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Least rate of heat rejection is  0  kW\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 5


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex6.2:pg-139"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "T1 = -15 # Source temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "\n",


-      "T2 = 30 # Sink temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Q2 = 1.75  # in kJ/sec\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 6.2\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "W= Q2*((T2+273)-(T1+273))/(T1+273) # Least Power necessary to pump the heat out\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Least Power necessary to pump the heat out is \",round(W,2),\"kW\"\n",


-      "    \n",


-      "    #The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "    \n",


-      "    "


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 6.2\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Least Power necessary to pump the heat out is  0.31 kW\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 10


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex6.3:pg-140"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#Given \n",


-      "\n",


-      "T1 = 600 # Source temperature of heat engine in degree Celsius\n",


-      "\n",


-      "T2 = 40 # Sink temperature of heat engine in degree Celsius \n",


-      "\n",


-      "T3 = -20 # Source temperature of refrigerator in degree Celsius\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Q1 = 2000  # Heat transfer to heat engine in kJ\n",


-      "\n",


-      "W = 360  # Net work output of plant in kJ\n",


-      "\n",


-      "# Part (a)\n",


-      "\n",


-      "e_max = 1.0-((T2+273)/(T1+273)) # maximum efficiency \n",


-      "\n",


-      "W1 = e_max*Q1 # maximum work output \n",


-      "\n",


-      "COP = (T3+273)/((T2-273)-(T3-273)) # coefficient of performance of refrigerator\n",


-      "\n",


-      "W2 = W1-W # work done to drive refrigerator \n",


-      "\n",


-      "Q4 = COP*W2 # Heat extracted by refrigerator\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Q3 = Q4+W2 # Heat rejected by refrigerator\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Q2 = Q1-W1 # Heat rejected by heat engine\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Qt = Q2+Q3 # combined heat rejection by heat engine and refrigerator \n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 6.3\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n\\n Part A:\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n The heat transfer to refrigerant is \",round(Q2,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is \",round(Qt,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n",


-      "# Part (b)\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n\\n Part B:\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "e_max_ = 0.4*e_max # maximum efficiency\n",


-      "\n",


-      "W1_ = e_max_*Q1 # maximum work output \n",


-      "\n",


-      "W2_ = W1_-W # work done to drive refrigerator \n",


-      "\n",


-      "COP_ = 0.4*COP # coefficient of performance of refrigerator\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Q4_ = COP_*W2_  # Heat extracted by refrigerator\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Q3_ = Q4_+W2_ # Heat rejected by refrigerator\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Q2_ = Q1-W1_ # Heat rejected by heat engine\n",


-      "\n",


-      "QT = Q2_+Q3_# combined heat rejection by heat engine and refrigerator \n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n The heat transfer to refrigerant is \",round(Q2_,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is \",round(QT,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 6.3\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Part A:\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The heat transfer to refrigerant is  0.0  kJ\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is  8200.0  kJ\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Part B:\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The heat transfer to refrigerant is  1200.0  kJ\n",


-        "\n",


-        " The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is  2344.0  kJ\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 14


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex6.5:pg-142"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "T1 = 473 # Boiler temperature in K\n",


-      "\n",


-      "T2 = 293 # Home temperature in K\n",


-      "\n",


-      "T3 = 273 # Outside temperature in K\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 6.5\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "MF = (T2*(T1-T3))/(T1*(T2-T3)) \n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n  The multiplication factor is \",MF \n",


-      "\n",


-      "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 6.5\n",


-        "\n",


-        "  The multiplication factor is  6\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 15


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex6.6:pg-144"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "T1 = 90.0 # Operating temperature of power plant in degree Celsius \n",


-      "\n",


-      "T2 = 20.0 # Atmospheric temperature in degree Celsius\n",


-      "\n",


-      "W = 1.0  # Power production from power plant in kW\n",


-      "\n",


-      "E = 1880  # Capability of energy collection in kJ/m**2 h\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 6.6\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "e_max = 1.0-((T2+273.0)/(T1+273.0))  # maximum efficiency\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Qmin = W/e_max  # Minimum heat requirement per second\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Qmin_ = Qmin*3600.0 # Minimum heat requirement per hour\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Amin = Qmin_/E  # Minimum area requirement\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Minimum area required for the collector plate is \",math. ceil(Amin) ,\" m**2\"\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 6.6\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Minimum area required for the collector plate is  10.0  m**2\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 21


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex6.7:pg-144"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "T1 = 1000 # Temperature of hot reservoir in K\n",


-      "\n",


-      "W = 1000 # Power requirement in kW\n",


-      "\n",


-      "K = 5.67e-08 # constant \n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Example 6.7\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "Amin = (256*W)/(27*K*T1**4) # minimum area required\n",


-      "\n",


-      "print \"\\n Area of the panel \",Amin ,\" m**2\"\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        " Example 6.7\n",


-        "\n",


-        " Area of the panel  0.167221895617  m**2\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 23


-    }


-   ],


-   "metadata": {}


-  }


- ]


-}
\ No newline at end of file
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 06:Second Law of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.1:pg-138"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 6.1\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Least rate of heat rejection is  0  kW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T1 = 800 # Source temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T2 = 30 # Sink temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "\n",
+    "e_max = 1-((T2+273)/(T1+273)) # maximum possible efficiency \n",
+    "\n",
+    "Wnet = 1  # in kW\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Q1 = Wnet/e_max # Least rate of heat required in kJ/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Q2 = Q1-Wnet  # Least rate of heat rejection kJ/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 6.1\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Least rate of heat rejection is \",Q2,\" kW\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.2:pg-139"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 6.2\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Least Power necessary to pump the heat out is  0.31 kW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T1 = -15 # Source temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T2 = 30 # Sink temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Q2 = 1.75  # in kJ/sec\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 6.2\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "W= Q2*((T2+273)-(T1+273))/(T1+273) # Least Power necessary to pump the heat out\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Least Power necessary to pump the heat out is \",round(W,2),\"kW\"\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    #The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.3:pg-140"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 6.3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Part A:\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The heat transfer to refrigerant is  0.0  kJ\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is  8200.0  kJ\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Part B:\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The heat transfer to refrigerant is  1200.0  kJ\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is  2344.0  kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Given \n",
+    "\n",
+    "T1 = 600 # Source temperature of heat engine in degree Celsius\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T2 = 40 # Sink temperature of heat engine in degree Celsius \n",
+    "\n",
+    "T3 = -20 # Source temperature of refrigerator in degree Celsius\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Q1 = 2000  # Heat transfer to heat engine in kJ\n",
+    "\n",
+    "W = 360  # Net work output of plant in kJ\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Part (a)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "e_max = 1.0-((T2+273)/(T1+273)) # maximum efficiency \n",
+    "\n",
+    "W1 = e_max*Q1 # maximum work output \n",
+    "\n",
+    "COP = (T3+273)/((T2-273)-(T3-273)) # coefficient of performance of refrigerator\n",
+    "\n",
+    "W2 = W1-W # work done to drive refrigerator \n",
+    "\n",
+    "Q4 = COP*W2 # Heat extracted by refrigerator\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Q3 = Q4+W2 # Heat rejected by refrigerator\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Q2 = Q1-W1 # Heat rejected by heat engine\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Qt = Q2+Q3 # combined heat rejection by heat engine and refrigerator \n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 6.3\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n\\n Part A:\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n The heat transfer to refrigerant is \",round(Q2,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is \",round(Qt,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Part (b)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n\\n Part B:\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "e_max_ = 0.4*e_max # maximum efficiency\n",
+    "\n",
+    "W1_ = e_max_*Q1 # maximum work output \n",
+    "\n",
+    "W2_ = W1_-W # work done to drive refrigerator \n",
+    "\n",
+    "COP_ = 0.4*COP # coefficient of performance of refrigerator\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Q4_ = COP_*W2_  # Heat extracted by refrigerator\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Q3_ = Q4_+W2_ # Heat rejected by refrigerator\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Q2_ = Q1-W1_ # Heat rejected by heat engine\n",
+    "\n",
+    "QT = Q2_+Q3_# combined heat rejection by heat engine and refrigerator \n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n The heat transfer to refrigerant is \",round(Q2_,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is \",round(QT,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.5:pg-142"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 6.5\n",
+      "\n",
+      "  The multiplication factor is  6\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T1 = 473 # Boiler temperature in K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T2 = 293 # Home temperature in K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T3 = 273 # Outside temperature in K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 6.5\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "MF = (T2*(T1-T3))/(T1*(T2-T3)) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n  The multiplication factor is \",MF \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.6:pg-144"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 6.6\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Minimum area required for the collector plate is  10.0  m**2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T1 = 90.0 # Operating temperature of power plant in degree Celsius \n",
+    "\n",
+    "T2 = 20.0 # Atmospheric temperature in degree Celsius\n",
+    "\n",
+    "W = 1.0  # Power production from power plant in kW\n",
+    "\n",
+    "E = 1880  # Capability of energy collection in kJ/m**2 h\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 6.6\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "e_max = 1.0-((T2+273.0)/(T1+273.0))  # maximum efficiency\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Qmin = W/e_max  # Minimum heat requirement per second\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Qmin_ = Qmin*3600.0 # Minimum heat requirement per hour\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Amin = Qmin_/E  # Minimum area requirement\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Minimum area required for the collector plate is \",math. ceil(Amin) ,\" m**2\"\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.7:pg-144"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      " Example 6.7\n",
+      "\n",
+      " Area of the panel  0.167221895617  m**2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T1 = 1000 # Temperature of hot reservoir in K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "W = 1000 # Power requirement in kW\n",
+    "\n",
+    "K = 5.67e-08 # constant \n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Example 6.7\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Amin = (256*W)/(27*K*T1**4) # minimum area required\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"\\n Area of the panel \",Amin ,\" m**2\"\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter6_s6H0KKG.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter6_s6H0KKG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 169d80e5..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter6_s6H0KKG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,365 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 06:Second Law of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.1:pg-138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 6.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Least rate of heat rejection is  0  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T1 = 800 # Source temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2 = 30 # Sink temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e_max = 1-((T2+273)/(T1+273)) # maximum possible efficiency \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wnet = 1  # in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q1 = Wnet/e_max # Least rate of heat required in kJ/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q2 = Q1-Wnet  # Least rate of heat rejection kJ/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 6.1\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Least rate of heat rejection is \",Q2,\" kW\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.2:pg-139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 6.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Least Power necessary to pump the heat out is  0.31 kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T1 = -15 # Source temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2 = 30 # Sink temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q2 = 1.75  # in kJ/sec\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 6.2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W= Q2*((T2+273)-(T1+273))/(T1+273) # Least Power necessary to pump the heat out\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Least Power necessary to pump the heat out is \",round(W,2),\"kW\"\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    #The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.3:pg-140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 6.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Part A:\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat transfer to refrigerant is  0.0  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is  8200.0  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Part B:\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat transfer to refrigerant is  1200.0  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is  2344.0  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Given \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1 = 600 # Source temperature of heat engine in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2 = 40 # Sink temperature of heat engine in degree Celsius \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3 = -20 # Source temperature of refrigerator in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q1 = 2000  # Heat transfer to heat engine in kJ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W = 360  # Net work output of plant in kJ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (a)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e_max = 1.0-((T2+273)/(T1+273)) # maximum efficiency \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W1 = e_max*Q1 # maximum work output \n",
-    "\n",
-    "COP = (T3+273)/((T2-273)-(T3-273)) # coefficient of performance of refrigerator\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = W1-W # work done to drive refrigerator \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q4 = COP*W2 # Heat extracted by refrigerator\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q3 = Q4+W2 # Heat rejected by refrigerator\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q2 = Q1-W1 # Heat rejected by heat engine\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Qt = Q2+Q3 # combined heat rejection by heat engine and refrigerator \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 6.3\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Part A:\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat transfer to refrigerant is \",round(Q2,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is \",round(Qt,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Part B:\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e_max_ = 0.4*e_max # maximum efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W1_ = e_max_*Q1 # maximum work output \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2_ = W1_-W # work done to drive refrigerator \n",
-    "\n",
-    "COP_ = 0.4*COP # coefficient of performance of refrigerator\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q4_ = COP_*W2_  # Heat extracted by refrigerator\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q3_ = Q4_+W2_ # Heat rejected by refrigerator\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q2_ = Q1-W1_ # Heat rejected by heat engine\n",
-    "\n",
-    "QT = Q2_+Q3_# combined heat rejection by heat engine and refrigerator \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat transfer to refrigerant is \",round(Q2_,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat rejection to the 40 degree reservoir is \",round(QT,3) ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.5:pg-142"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 6.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "  The multiplication factor is  6\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T1 = 473 # Boiler temperature in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2 = 293 # Home temperature in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3 = 273 # Outside temperature in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 6.5\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MF = (T2*(T1-T3))/(T1*(T2-T3)) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n  The multiplication factor is \",MF \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.6:pg-144"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 6.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Minimum area required for the collector plate is  10.0  m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T1 = 90.0 # Operating temperature of power plant in degree Celsius \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2 = 20.0 # Atmospheric temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W = 1.0  # Power production from power plant in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E = 1880  # Capability of energy collection in kJ/m**2 h\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 6.6\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e_max = 1.0-((T2+273.0)/(T1+273.0))  # maximum efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Qmin = W/e_max  # Minimum heat requirement per second\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Qmin_ = Qmin*3600.0 # Minimum heat requirement per hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Amin = Qmin_/E  # Minimum area requirement\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Minimum area required for the collector plate is \",math. ceil(Amin) ,\" m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.7:pg-144"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 6.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Area of the panel  0.167221895617  m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T1 = 1000 # Temperature of hot reservoir in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W = 1000 # Power requirement in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K = 5.67e-08 # constant \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 6.7\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Amin = (256*W)/(27*K*T1**4) # minimum area required\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Area of the panel \",Amin ,\" m**2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter7.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter7.ipynb
index c4be7cbe..a84c6d65 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter7.ipynb
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -67,18 +67,9 @@
       "\n",
       " Example 7.2\n",
       "\n",
-      " The entropy change of the universe is  -1.12252010724  kJ/K\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "ename": "NameError",
-     "evalue": "name 'log' is not defined",
-     "output_type": "error",
-     "traceback": [
-      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
-      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
-      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-13-726fd0a673a1>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m     16\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# Part (b)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m     17\u001b[0m \u001b[0mT3\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[1;36m323\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# Temperature of intermediate reservoir in K\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m---> 18\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mSw\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mm\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcv\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m*\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlog\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mT3\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m/\u001b[0m\u001b[0mT1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m+\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlog\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mT2\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m/\u001b[0m\u001b[0mT3\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# entropy change of water\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32m     19\u001b[0m \u001b[0mSr1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m-\u001b[0m\u001b[0mm\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcv\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m*\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mT3\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m-\u001b[0m\u001b[0mT1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m/\u001b[0m\u001b[0mT3\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# Entropy change of universe\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m     20\u001b[0m \u001b[0mSr2\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m-\u001b[0m\u001b[0mm\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcv\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m*\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mT2\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m-\u001b[0m\u001b[0mT3\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m/\u001b[0m\u001b[0mT2\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# Entropy change of universe\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
-      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'log' is not defined"
+      " The entropy change of the universe is  -1.12252010724  kJ/K\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The entropy change of the universe is  -1.20940246848  kJ/K\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
@@ -100,7 +91,7 @@
     "\n",
     "# Part (b)\n",
     "T3 = 323 # Temperature of intermediate reservoir in K\n",
-    "Sw = m*cv*(log(T3/T1)+log(T2/T3)) # entropy change of water\n",
+    "Sw = m*cv*(math.log(T3/T1)+math.log(T2/T3)) # entropy change of water\n",
     "Sr1 = -m*cv*(T3-T1)/T3 # Entropy change of universe\n",
     "Sr2 = -m*cv*(T2-T3)/T2 # Entropy change of universe\n",
     "Su = Sw+Sr1+Sr2 # Total entropy change\n",
@@ -117,7 +108,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -195,7 +186,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -269,7 +260,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -335,7 +326,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -399,7 +390,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter7_uRawaHX.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter7_uRawaHX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a84c6d65..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter7_uRawaHX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,453 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 07: Entropy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.1:pg-191"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 7.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Change in entropy of the water is  0.0271  kJ/K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "T1 = 37.0 # Final water temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "T2 = 35.0 # Initial water temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "m = 1.0  # Mass of water in kg\n",
-    "cv = 4.187 # Specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 7.1\"\n",
-    "S = m*cv*math.log((T1+273)/(T2+273))  # Change in entropy of the water\n",
-    "print \"\\n Change in entropy of the water is \",round(S,4) ,\" kJ/K\"\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.2:pg-192"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 7.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The entropy change of the universe is  -1.12252010724  kJ/K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The entropy change of the universe is  -1.20940246848  kJ/K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Part (a)\n",
-    "T1 = 273 # Initial temperature of water in Kelvin\n",
-    "T2 = 373 # Temperature of heat reservoir in Kelvin\n",
-    "m = 1 # Mass of water in kg\n",
-    "cv = 4.187 # Specific heat capacity of water\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 7.2\"\n",
-    "Ss = m*cv*math.log(T2/T1) # entropy change of water\n",
-    "Q = m*cv*(T2-T1) # Heat transfer \n",
-    "Sr = -(Q/T2) # Entropy change of universe\n",
-    "S = Ss+Sr # Total entropy change\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The entropy change of the universe is \",S ,\" kJ/K\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "T3 = 323 # Temperature of intermediate reservoir in K\n",
-    "Sw = m*cv*(math.log(T3/T1)+math.log(T2/T3)) # entropy change of water\n",
-    "Sr1 = -m*cv*(T3-T1)/T3 # Entropy change of universe\n",
-    "Sr2 = -m*cv*(T2-T3)/T2 # Entropy change of universe\n",
-    "Su = Sw+Sr1+Sr2 # Total entropy change\n",
-    "print \"\\n The entropy change of the universe is \",Su ,\" kJ/K\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.3:pg-193"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 7.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The entropy change of the universe is  -0.238182312568  kJ/K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The minimum work required is  -69.7874175824  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 1 # Mass of ice in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1 = -5 # Initial temperature of ice in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2 = 20# Atmospheric temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T0 = 0# Phase change temperature of ice in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cp = 2.093 # Specific heat capacity of ice in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cv = 4.187 # Specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lf = 333.3 # Latent heat of fusion in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 7.3\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q = m*cp*(T0-T1)+1*333.3+m*cv*(T2-T0) # Net heat transfer\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sa = -Q/(T2+273) # Entropy change of surrounding\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ss1 = m*cp*math.log((T0+273)/(T1+273)) # entropy change during \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ss2 = lf/(T0+273) # Entropy change during phase change\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ss3 = m*cv*math.log((T2+273)/(T0+273)) # entropy change of water\n",
-    "\n",
-    "St = Ss1+Ss2+Ss3 # total entropy change of ice to convert into water at atmospheric temperature\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Su = St+Sa # Net entropy change of universe\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The entropy change of the universe is \",Su ,\" kJ/K\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S = St  # Entropy change of system\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wmin = (T2+273)*(S)-Q # minimum work required\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The minimum work required is \",Wmin ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.7:pg-200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 7.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Change in enthalpy is  223.48  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Change in internal energy is  171.91  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The change in entropy and heat transfer are is  0  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The work transfer during the process is  -171.91  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "P1 = 0.5 # Initial pressure in MPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V1 = 0.2  # Initial volume in m**3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V2 = 0.05 # Final volume in m**3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.3 # Polytropic index\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 7.7\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P2 = P1*(V1/V2)**n \n",
-    "\n",
-    "def f(p):\n",
-    "    y = ((P1*V1**n)/p)**(1/n) \n",
-    "    return y\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "H, err = integrate.quad(f,P1,P2)   # H = H2-H1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U = H-(P2*V2-P1*V1) \n",
-    "    \n",
-    "W12 = -U \n",
-    "    \n",
-    "print \"\\n Change in enthalpy is \",round(H*1e3,2),\" kJ\"\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "print \"\\n Change in internal energy is \",round(U*1000,2),\" kJ\"\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "print \"\\n The change in entropy and heat transfer are is \",0 ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "print \"\\n The work transfer during the process is \",round(W12*1000,2) ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    #The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.8:pg-201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 7.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Change in the entropy of the universe is  -1.2785104723  kJ/Kg K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " As the change in entropy of the universe in the process A-B is negative \n",
-      " so the flow must be from B-A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pa = 130.0 # Pressure at station A in kPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pb = 100.0# Pressure at station B in kPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ta = 50.0 # Temperature at station A in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Tb = 13.0# Temperature at station B in degree Celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cp = 1.005  # Specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x= lambda t:cp/t\n",
-    "y= lambda p:0.287/p\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 7.8\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sb,error = integrate.quad(x,Ta,Tb)#-\n",
-    "Sa,eror=integrate.quad(y,Pa,Pb) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ss=Sb-Sa\n",
-    "Ssur=0 \n",
-    "Su = Ss+Ssur\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Change in the entropy of the universe is \",Su ,\" kJ/Kg K\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers given in the book is wrong\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n As the change in entropy of the universe in the process A-B is negative \\n so the flow must be from B-A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.9:pg-202"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 7.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The entropy generated during the process is  0.785677602261  kW/K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " As the entropy generated is positive so such device is possible\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T1 = 300.0  # Inlet temperature of air in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2 = 330.0  # Exit temperature of first air stream in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3 = 270.0 # Exit temperature of second air stream in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1 = 4.0  # Pressure of inlet air stream in bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P2 =1.0   # Pressure of first exit air stream in bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P3 =1.0  # Pressure of second exit air stream in bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cp = 1.0005  # Specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 7.9\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S21 = cp*math.log(T2/T1)-R*math.log(P2/P1)  # Entropy generation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S31 = cp*math.log(T3/T1)-R*math.log(P3/P1) # Entropy generation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sgen = (1.0*S21) + (1.0*S31) # Total entropy generation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The entropy generated during the process is \",Sgen ,\" kW/K\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n As the entropy generated is positive so such device is possible\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.10:pg-203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 7.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of heat transfer through the wall is  1164.84375  W\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of entropy through the wall is  0.213013632873  W/K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of total entropy generation with this heat transfer process is  0.352982954545  W/K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "A = 5*7 # Area of wall in m**2\n",
-    "k = 0.71# Thermal conductivity in W/mK \n",
-    "L = 0.32 # Thickness of wall in m\n",
-    "Ti = 21 # Room temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "To = 6 # Surrounding temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 7.10\"\n",
-    "Q = k*A*(Ti-To)/L  # Heat transfer\n",
-    "Sgen_wall = Q/(To+273) - Q/(Ti+273)  # Entropy generation in wall\n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of heat transfer through the wall is \",Q ,\" W\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of entropy through the wall is \",Sgen_wall ,\" W/K\"\n",
-    "Tr = 27 # Inner surface temperature of wall in degree Celsius \n",
-    "Ts = 2 # Outer surface temperature of wall in degree Celsius \n",
-    "Sgen_total = Q/(Ts+273)-Q/(Tr+273) # Total entropy generation in process \n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of total entropy generation with this heat transfer process is \",Sgen_total ,\" W/K\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter8.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter8.ipynb
index ecec61f3..b0366774 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter8.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "T0 = 35.0 # Heat rejection temperature in degree Celsius \n",
     "T1 = 420 #  Vapor condensation temperature in degree Celsius \n",
     "T1_ = 250 # water vapor temperature in degree Celsius \n",
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "P1 = 500.0 # Initial pressure of steam in kPa\n",
     "P2 = 100.0# Final pressure of steam in kPa\n",
     "T1_ = 520.0 #Initial temperature of steam in degree Celsius\n",
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "T0 = 300.0 # Atmospheric temperature in K\n",
     "Tg1_ = 300.0 # Higher temperature of combustion product in degree Celcius\n",
     "Tg2_ = 200.0 # Lower temperature of combustion product in degree Celcius\n",
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "T2 = 790.0 # Final temperature of gas in degree Celsius\n",
     "T1 = 800.0 # Initial temperature of gas in degree Celsius\n",
     "m = 2.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "m = 3 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
     "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
     "T0 = 300 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "m1 = 2.0 # Flow rate of water in kg/s\n",
     "m2 = 1.0 # Flow rate of another stream in kg/s\n",
     "T1 = 90.0 # Temperature of water in degree Celsius\n",
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "Qr = 500.0 # Heat release in kW\n",
     "Tr = 2000.0 # Fuel burning temperature in K \n",
     "T0 = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -644,7 +644,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "cp = 1.005 # Specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK \n",
     "T2 = 160.0 # Compressed air temperature in degree Celsius\n",
     "T1 = 25.0 # Ambient temperature\n",
@@ -674,7 +674,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Since vacuum has zero mass\n",
     "U = 0 # Initial internal energy in kJ/kg\n",
     "H0 = 0 # Initial enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
@@ -718,7 +718,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "m = 1000.0 # Mass of fish in kg \n",
     "T0 = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
     "P0 = 1.0 # Ambient pressure in bar\n",
@@ -768,7 +768,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -787,7 +787,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "cv = 0.718 # Specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg\n",
     "T2 = 500.0 # Final temperature of air in K\n",
     "T1 = 300.0# Initial temperature of air in K\n",
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "h1 = 3230.9 # Enthalpy of steam at turbine inlet in kJ/kg\n",
     "s1 = 6.69212# Entropy of steam at turbine inlet in kJ/kgK \n",
     "V1 = 160.0 # Velocity of steam at turbine inlet in m/s\n",
@@ -869,7 +869,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -893,7 +893,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "T0 = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
     "T = 1500.0 # Resistor temperature in K\n",
     "Q = -8.5 # Power supply in kW\n",
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter8_oFmkmxA.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter8_oFmkmxA.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b0366774..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter8_oFmkmxA.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1023 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 08: Available energy Availability and irreversibility"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.1:pg-249"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The fraction of energy that becomes unavailable due to irreversible heat transfer is  0.260038240918\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T0 = 35.0 # Heat rejection temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "T1 = 420 #  Vapor condensation temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "T1_ = 250 # water vapor temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.1\"\n",
-    "f = ((T0+273)*((T1+273)-(T1_+273)))/((T1_+273)*((T1+273)-(T0+273)))# fraction of energy lost\n",
-    "print \"\\n The fraction of energy that becomes unavailable due to irreversible heat transfer is \",f \n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.2:pg-250"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Total change in entropy is  2.03990232306  kJ/K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Increase in unavailable energy is  618.090403887  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from scipy import integrate\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lhw = 1858.5 # Latent heat of water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Tew = 220 # Water evaporation temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    " \n",
-    "Tig = 1100 # Initial temperature of the gas in degree Celsius\n",
-    "Tfg = 550 # Final temperature of the gas in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T0 = 303 # Atmospheric temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "Tg2 = 823 \n",
-    "Tg1 = 1373\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.2\"\n",
-    "Sw = lhw/(Tew+273) # Entropy generation in water\n",
-    "Sg,error = integrate.quad(lambda T:3.38/T,Tg1,Tg2)\n",
-    "St = Sg+Sw \n",
-    "print \"\\n Total change in entropy is \",St ,\" kJ/K\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Increase in unavailable energy is \",T0*St ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.4:pg-253"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.4\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The decrease in the available energy is  281.816890623  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate\n",
-    "Ts_ = 15 # Ambient temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "Tw1_ = 95 # Temperature of water sample 1 in degree Celsius\n",
-    "Tw2_ = 35# Temperature of water sample 2 in degree Celsius\n",
-    "m1 = 25 # Mass of water sample 1 in kg\n",
-    "m2 = 35 # Mass of water sample 2 in kg\n",
-    "cp = 4.2 # Specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.4\"\n",
-    "Ts = Ts_+273# Ambient temperature in K\n",
-    "Tw1 = Tw1_+273 # Temperature of water sample 1 in K\n",
-    "Tw2 = Tw2_+273# Temperature of water sample 2 in K\n",
-    "AE25,er = integrate.quad(lambda T:m1*cp*(1-(Ts/T)),Ts,Tw1)\n",
-    "AE35,er2 = integrate.quad(lambda T:m2*cp*(1-(Ts/T)),Ts,Tw2)\n",
-    "AEt = AE25 + AE35\n",
-    "Tm = (m1*Tw1+m2*Tw2)/(m1+m2) # Temperature after mixing\n",
-    "AE60,er3 = integrate.quad(lambda T:(m1+m2)*cp*(1-(Ts/T)),Ts,Tm)\n",
-    "AE = AEt - AE60\n",
-    "print \"\\n The decrease in the available energy is \",AE ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.5:pg-254"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The final RPM of the flywheel would be  222.168786807  RPM\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate\n",
-    "N1 = 3000 # Speed of rotation of flywheel in RPM\n",
-    "I = 0.54 # Moment of inertia of flywheel in kgm**2\n",
-    "ti_ = 15 # Temperature of insulated system in degree Celsius \n",
-    "m = 2 # Water equivalent of shaft \n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.5\"\n",
-    "w1 = (2*math.pi*N1)/60 # Angular velocity of rotation in rad/s\n",
-    "Ei = 0.5*I*w1**2 # rotational kinetic energy\n",
-    "dt = Ei/(1000*2*4.187) # temperature change\n",
-    "ti = ti_+273# Temperature of insulated system in Kelvin\n",
-    "tf = ti+dt # final temperature\n",
-    "AE,er = integrate.quad(lambda T: m*4.187*(1-(ti/T)),ti,tf)\n",
-    "UE = Ei/1000 - AE # Unavailable enrgy\n",
-    "w2 = math.sqrt(AE*1000*2/I) # Angular speed in rad/s \n",
-    "N2 = (w2*60)/(2*math.pi) # Speed of rotation in RPM\n",
-    "print \"\\n The final RPM of the flywheel would be \",N2 ,\" RPM\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.6:pg-255"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.6\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The maximum work is  122.957271378  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Change in availability is  82.4328713783  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Irreversibility is  15.2572713783  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate\n",
-    "T1_ = 80.0 # Initial temperature of air in degree Celsius \n",
-    "T2_ = 5.0 # Final temperature of air in degree Celsius \n",
-    "V2 = 2.0 # Assumed final volume\n",
-    "V1 = 1.0 # Assumed initial volume\n",
-    "P0 = 100.0 # Final pressure of air in kPa\n",
-    "P1 = 500.0 # Initial pressure of air in kPa\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "cv = 0.718 # Specific heat capacity at constant volume for gas in kJ/kg K\n",
-    "m = 2.0 # Mass of gas in kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.6\"\n",
-    "T1= T1_+273 # Initial temperature of air in K \n",
-    "T2 = T2_+273 # Final temperature of air in K \n",
-    "S= integrate.quad(lambda T:(m*cv)/T,T1,T2)[0] + integrate.quad(lambda V: (m*R)/V,V1,V2)[0] # Entropy change\n",
-    "U = m*cv*(T1-T2)# Change in internal energy\n",
-    "Wmax = U-(T2*(-S)) # Maximum possible work\n",
-    "V1_ = (m*R*T1)/P1 # volume calculation\n",
-    "CA = Wmax-P0*(V1_) # Change in availability\n",
-    "I = T2*S # Irreversibility\n",
-    "print \"\\n The maximum work is \",Wmax ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Change in availability is \",CA ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Irreversibility is \",I ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.7:pg-256"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The decrease in availability is  260.756521108  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The maximum work is  260.756521108  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The irreversibility is  49.6565211082  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Alternatively, The irreversibility is  49.6565211082  kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "P1 = 500.0 # Initial pressure of steam in kPa\n",
-    "P2 = 100.0# Final pressure of steam in kPa\n",
-    "T1_ = 520.0 #Initial temperature of steam in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T2_ = 300.0 #Final temperature of steam in degree Celsius\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Specific heat capacity of steam in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "t0 = 20.0 # Atmospheric temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "Q = -10.0 # Heat loss to surrounding in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.7\"\n",
-    "T1 = T1_+273 #Initial temperature of steam in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T2 = T2_+273 #Final temperature of steam in degree Celsius\n",
-    "S21 = (R*math.log(P2/P1))-(cp*math.log(T2/T1))\n",
-    "T0 = t0+273\n",
-    "CA = cp*(T1-T2)-T0*S21 # Change in availability\n",
-    "Wmax = CA # Maximum possible work\n",
-    "W = cp*(T1-T2)+Q # net work\n",
-    "I = Wmax-W # Irreversibility\n",
-    "# Altenatively\n",
-    "Ssystem = -Q/T0\n",
-    "Ssurr = -S21\n",
-    "I1 = T0*(Ssystem+Ssurr)\n",
-    "print \"\\n The decrease in availability is \",CA ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The maximum work is \",Wmax ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The irreversibility is \",I ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Alternatively, The irreversibility is \",I1 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.8:pg-258"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.8\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The initial and final availbility of the products are  85.9672398469  kJ/Kg and  39.6826771757  kJ/Kg respectively\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The irreversibility of the process is  319.369801955  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Total power generated by the heat engine is  472.671938045  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T0 = 300.0 # Atmospheric temperature in K\n",
-    "Tg1_ = 300.0 # Higher temperature of combustion product in degree Celcius\n",
-    "Tg2_ = 200.0 # Lower temperature of combustion product in degree Celcius\n",
-    "Ta1 = 40.0 # Initial air temperature in K\n",
-    "cpg = 1.09 # Specific heat capacity of combustion gas in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "cpa = 1.005# Specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "mg = 12.5 # mass flow rate of product in kg/s\n",
-    "ma = 11.15# mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.8\"\n",
-    "Tg1 = Tg1_+273 # Higher temperature of combustion product in K\n",
-    "Tg2 = Tg2_+273 # Lower temperature of combustion product in K\n",
-    "f1 = cpg*(Tg1-T0)-T0*cpg*(math.log(Tg1/T0)) # Initial availability of product\n",
-    "f2 = cpg*(Tg2-T0)-T0*cpg*(math.log(Tg2/T0)) # Final availabilty of product\n",
-    "print \"\\n The initial and final availbility of the products are \",f1 ,\" kJ/Kg and \",f2 ,\" kJ/Kg respectively\"\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "Dfg = f1-f2 # Decrease in availability of products\n",
-    "Ta2 = (Ta1+273) + (mg/ma)*(cpg/cpa)*(Tg1-Tg2) # Exit temperature of air\n",
-    "Ifa = cpa*(Ta2-(Ta1+273))-T0*cpa*(math.log(Ta2/(Ta1+273))) # Increase in availability of air\n",
-    "I = mg*Dfg-ma*Ifa # Irreversibility \n",
-    "print \"\\n The irreversibility of the process is \",I ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "##The answer provided in the textbook contains round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (c)\n",
-    "Ta2_ = (Ta1+273)*(Tg1/Tg2)**((12.5*1.09)/(11.5*1.005))\n",
-    "Q1 = mg*cpg*(Tg1-Tg2) # Heat supply rate from gas to working fluid\n",
-    "Q2 = ma*cpa*(Ta2_-(Ta1+273))# Heat rejection rate from the working fluid in heat engine\n",
-    "W = Q1-Q2 # Power developed by heat engine\n",
-    "print \"\\n Total power generated by the heat engine is \",W ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook contains round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.9:pg-260"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The irreversibility rate is  15.8201795694  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The irreversibility rate at lower temperature is  3.03317755354  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T2 = 790.0 # Final temperature of gas in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T1 = 800.0 # Initial temperature of gas in degree Celsius\n",
-    "m = 2.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "cp = 1.1 # Specific heat capacity in kJ/KgK\n",
-    "T0 = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.9\"\n",
-    "I = m*cp*(((T1+273)-(T2+273))-T0*(math.log((T1+273)/(T2+273)))) # irreversibility rate\n",
-    "print \"\\n The irreversibility rate is \",I ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# At lower temperature\n",
-    "T1_ = 80.0 # Initial temperature of gas in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T2_ = 70.0 # Initial temperature of gas in degree Celsius\n",
-    "I_ = m*cp*(((T1_+273)-(T2_+273))-T0*(math.log((T1_+273)/(T2_+273)))) # irreversibility rate\n",
-    "print \"\\n The irreversibility rate at lower temperature is \",I_ ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.10:pg-261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of energy loss because of the pressure drop due to friction  25.83  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 3 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "T0 = 300 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
-    "k = 0.10 # Fractional pressure drop\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.10\"\n",
-    "Sgen = m*R*k # Entropy generation\n",
-    "I = Sgen*T0 # Irreversibility Calculation\n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of energy loss because of the pressure drop due to friction \",I ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.11:pg-261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.11\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of entropy generation is  0.0446035560498  kW/K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of energy loss due to mixing is  13.3810668149  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of energy loss due to mixing is  13.3810668149  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m1 = 2.0 # Flow rate of water in kg/s\n",
-    "m2 = 1.0 # Flow rate of another stream in kg/s\n",
-    "T1 = 90.0 # Temperature of water in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T2 = 30.0# Temperature of another stream in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T0 =300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
-    "cp = 4.187 # Specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.11\"\n",
-    "m = m1+m2 # Net mass flow rate\n",
-    "x = m1/m # mass fraction\n",
-    "t = (T2+273)/(T1+273) # Temperature ratio\n",
-    "Sgen = m*cp*math.log((x+t*(1-x))/(t**(1-x))) # Entropy generation\n",
-    "I = T0*Sgen # Irreversibility production\n",
-    "# Alternatively\n",
-    "T  = (m1*T1+m2*T2)/(m1+m2) # equilibrium temperature\n",
-    "Sgen1 = m1*cp*math.log((T+273)/(T1+273))+m2*cp*math.log((T+273)/(T2+273))# Entropy generation\n",
-    "I1 = T0*Sgen1 # Irreversibility production\n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of entropy generation is \",Sgen ,\" kW/K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of energy loss due to mixing is \",I ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of energy loss due to mixing is \",I1 ,\" kW\" # Calculation from alternative way\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.12:pg-262"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.12\n",
-      " \n",
-      "\n",
-      " PART (A)\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The first law efficiency is  96.0  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The second law efficiency is  79.0588235294  percent\n",
-      " \n",
-      "\n",
-      " PART (B)\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The first law efficiency is  90.0  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The second law efficiency is  42.3529411765  percent\n",
-      " \n",
-      "\n",
-      " PART (C)\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The first law efficiency is  60.0  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The second law efficiency is  4.41176470588   percent\n",
-      " \n",
-      "\n",
-      " PART (D)\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The First law efficiency for all the three cases would remain same and here is  90.0  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The Second law efficiency of part (a) is  74.1176470588  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The Second law efficiency of part (b) is  42.3529411765  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The Second law efficiency of part (c) is  6.61764705882  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Qr = 500.0 # Heat release in kW\n",
-    "Tr = 2000.0 # Fuel burning temperature in K \n",
-    "T0 = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
-    "# Part (a)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.12\"\n",
-    "Qa = 480.0 # Energy absorption by furnace in kW\n",
-    "Ta = 1000.0 # Furnace temperature in K \n",
-    "n1a = (Qa/Qr) # first law efficiency\n",
-    "n2a = n1a*(1.0-(T0/Ta))/(1.0-(T0/Tr)) #second law efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "print \" \\n\\n PART (A)\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The first law efficiency is \",n1a*100 ,\" percent\" \n",
-    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency is \",n2a*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "Qb = 450.0 # Energy absorption in steam generation in kW\n",
-    "Tb = 500.0# steam generation temperature in K \n",
-    "n1b = (Qb/Qr)# first law efficiency\n",
-    "n2b = n1b*(1.0-(T0/Tb))/(1.0-(T0/Tr))#second law efficiency\n",
-    "print \" \\n\\n PART (B)\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The first law efficiency is \",n1b*100 ,\" percent\" \n",
-    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency is \",n2b*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "# Part (c)\n",
-    "Qc = 300.0 # Energy absorption in chemical process in kW\n",
-    "Tc = 320.0 # chemical process temperature in K \n",
-    "n1c = (Qc/Qr) # first law efficiency\n",
-    "n2c = n1c*(1.0-(T0/Tc))/(1.0-(T0/Tr))#second law efficiency\n",
-    "print \" \\n\\n PART (C)\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The first law efficiency is \",n1c*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency is \",n2c*100 ,\"  percent\" \n",
-    "# Part (d)\n",
-    "Qd = 450.0 \n",
-    "n1d = (Qd/Qr)\n",
-    "n2a_= n1d*(1.0-(T0/Ta))/(1.0-(T0/Tr))\n",
-    "n2b_= n1d*(1.0-(T0/Tb))/(1.0-(T0/Tr))\n",
-    "n2c_= n1d*(1.0-(T0/Tc))/(1.0-(T0/Tr))\n",
-    "print \" \\n\\n PART (D)\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The First law efficiency for all the three cases would remain same and here is \",n1d*100 ,\" percent\" #The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The Second law efficiency of part (a) is \",n2a_*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The Second law efficiency of part (b) is \",n2b_*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The Second law efficiency of part (c) is \",n2c_*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.14:pg-265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.14\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The power input is  -235.675  kW\n",
-      " \n",
-      " The second law efficiency of the compressor is  85.5494233193  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "cp = 1.005 # Specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kgK \n",
-    "T2 = 160.0 # Compressed air temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T1 = 25.0 # Ambient temperature\n",
-    "T0 = 25.0 # Ambient temperature\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "P2 = 8.0 # Pressure ratio\n",
-    "P1 = 1.0 # Initial pressure of gas in bar\n",
-    "Q = -100.0 # Heat loss to surrounding in kW\n",
-    "m = 1.0 # Mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.14\"\n",
-    "W = Q + m*cp*((T1+273)-(T2+273)) # power input\n",
-    "AF = cp*((T2+273)- (T1+273))-(T0+273)*((cp*math.log((T2+273)/(T1+273))-(R*math.log(P2/P1))))  # Availability\n",
-    "e = AF/-W # efficiency \n",
-    "print \"\\n The power input is \",W ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \" \\n The second law efficiency of the compressor is \",e*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.15:pg-265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The exergy of the complete vacuum is  100.0  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Since vacuum has zero mass\n",
-    "U = 0 # Initial internal energy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "H0 = 0 # Initial enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "S = 0 # Initial entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "# If the vacuum has reduced to dead state\n",
-    "U0 = 0 # Final internal energy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "H0 = 0  # Final enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "S0 = 0 # Final entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "V0 = 0 # Final volume in m**3\n",
-    "P0 = 1.0 # Pressure in bar\n",
-    "V = 1.0 # Volume of space in m**3\n",
-    "fi = P0*1e5*V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.15\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The exergy of the complete vacuum is \",fi/1e3 ,\" kJ\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.16:pg-266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.16\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Exergy produced is  34.6210270729  MJ or  9.61695196469  kWh\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 1000.0 # Mass of fish in kg \n",
-    "T0 = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
-    "P0 = 1.0 # Ambient pressure in bar\n",
-    "T1 = 300.0 # Initial temperature of fish in K\n",
-    "T2_ = -20.0 # Final temperature of fish in degree Celsius\n",
-    "Tf_ = -2.2 # Freezing point temperature of fish in degree Celsius\n",
-    "Cb = 1.7 # Specific heat of fish below freezing point in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Ca = 3.2 # Specific heat of fish above freezing point in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Lh = 235.0 # Latent heat of fusion of fish in kJ/kg \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.16\"\n",
-    "T2 = T2_+273 # Final temperature of fish in K\n",
-    "Tf = Tf_+273 # Freezing point temperature of fish in K\n",
-    "H12 = m*((Cb*(Tf-T2))+Lh+(Ca*(T1-Tf))) # Enthalpy change \n",
-    "H21 = -H12 # Enthalpy change \n",
-    "S12 = m*((Cb*math.log(Tf/T2))+(Lh/Tf)+(Ca*math.log(T1/Tf))) # Entropy change\n",
-    "S21 = -S12 # Entropy change\n",
-    "E = H21-T0*S21 #Exergy produced\n",
-    "print \"\\n Exergy produced is \",E/1e3 ,\" MJ or \",E/3600 ,\" kWh\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.17:pg-267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.17\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The irreversibility in case a is  110.031839359  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The irreversibility in case b is  38.2318393592  kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "cv = 0.718 # Specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T2 = 500.0 # Final temperature of air in K\n",
-    "T1 = 300.0# Initial temperature of air in K\n",
-    "m = 1.0 # Mass of air in kg\n",
-    "T0 = 300.0 # Ambient temperature\n",
-    "# Case (a)\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.17\"\n",
-    "Sua = cv*math.log(T2/T1) # Entropy change of universe\n",
-    "Ia = T0*Sua # irreversibility\n",
-    "print \"\\n The irreversibility in case a is \",Ia ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Case (b)\n",
-    "Q = m*cv*(T2-T1) # Heat transfer\n",
-    "T = 600 # Temperature of thermal reservoir in K\n",
-    "Sub = Sua-(Q/T) # Entropy change of universe\n",
-    "Ib = T0*Sub # irreversibility\n",
-    "print \"\\n The irreversibility in case b is \",Ib ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.18:pg-268"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.18\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Irreversibility per unit mass is  142.7096  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The second law efficiency of the turbine is  78.0527289547  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h1 = 3230.9 # Enthalpy of steam at turbine inlet in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 6.69212# Entropy of steam at turbine inlet in kJ/kgK \n",
-    "V1 = 160.0 # Velocity of steam at turbine inlet in m/s\n",
-    "T1 = 400.0 # Temperature of steam at turbine inlet in degree Celsius\n",
-    "h2 = 2676.1 # Enthalpy of steam at turbine exit in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s2 = 7.3549 # Entropy of steam at turbine exit in kJ/kgK \n",
-    "V2 = 100.0 # Velocity of steam at turbine exit in m/s\n",
-    "T2 = 100.0 # Temperature of steam at turbine exit in degree Celsius\n",
-    "T0 = 298.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
-    "W = 540.0 # Work developed by turbine in kW\n",
-    "Tb = 500.0 # Average outer surface temperature of turbine in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.18\"\n",
-    "Q = (h1-h2)+((V1**2-V2**2)/2)*1e-03-W # Heat loss\n",
-    "I = 151.84-Q*(0.404) # Irreversibility \n",
-    "AF = W + Q*(1.0-(T0/Tb)) + I # Exergy transfer\n",
-    "n2 = W/AF # second law efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Irreversibility per unit mass is \",I ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The second law efficiency of the turbine is \",n2*100 ,\" percent\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.19:pg-269"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.19\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Case A:\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Rate of availability transfer with heat and the irreversibility rate are \n",
-      "   1.7  kW and  -6.8  kW respectively.\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Case B:\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Rate of availability in case b is  3.4  kW \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T0 = 300.0 # Ambient temperature in K\n",
-    "T = 1500.0 # Resistor temperature in K\n",
-    "Q = -8.5 # Power supply in kW\n",
-    " \n",
-    "# Case (a)\n",
-    "W = -Q # work transfer\n",
-    "I = Q*(1.0-T0/T) + W # Irreversibility\n",
-    "R = Q*(1.0-T0/T) # availability\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.19\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Case A:\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Rate of availability transfer with heat and the irreversibility rate are \\n  \",I ,\" kW and \",R ,\" kW respectively.\"\n",
-    "# Case (b)\n",
-    "T1 = 500.0 # Furnace wall temperature\n",
-    "Ib = - Q*(1.0-T0/T) + Q*(1.0-T0/T1) # Irreversibility\n",
-    "print \"\\n Case B:\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Rate of availability in case b is \",Ib ,\" kW \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.20:pg-270"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 8.20\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Part A:\n",
-      "\n",
-      " There is heat loss to surrounding.\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Part B:\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The polytropic index is  1.0\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Part C:\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Isothermal efficiency is  97.8793558312  percent \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Part D:\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The minimum work input is  -6.44697949667  kJ/kg, and irreversibility is  108.941520503  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Part E:\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Second law efficiency is  6.0  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1 = 1 # Air pressure at compressure inlet in bar\n",
-    "t1 = 30 # Air temperature at compressure inlet in degree Celsius\n",
-    "p2 = 3.5 # Air pressure at compressure exit in bar\n",
-    "t2 = 141 # Air temperature at compressure exit in degree Celsius\n",
-    "v = 90 # Air velocity at compressure exit in m/s\n",
-    "cp = 1.0035 # Specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "y = 1.4 # Heat capacity ratio\n",
-    "R = 0.287 # Gas constant\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 8.20\\n\"\n",
-    "T2s = (t1+273)*(p2/p1)**((y-1)/y)\n",
-    "if T2s>(t2+273): \n",
-    "    print \"\\n Part A:\"\n",
-    "    print \"\\n There is heat loss to surrounding.\"\n",
-    "n =(1/(1-((math.log((t2+273)/(t1+273)))/(math.log(p2/p1)))))\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Part B:\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The polytropic index is \",n\n",
-    "Wa = cp*(t1-t2)-(v**2)/2000 # Actual work \n",
-    "Wt = -R*(t1+273)*math.log(p2/p1) - (v**2)/2000 # Isothermal work\n",
-    "nt =Wt/Wa # Isothermal efficency\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Part C:\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Isothermal efficiency is \",nt*100 ,\" percent \"\n",
-    "df = cp*(t1-t2) + (t1+273)*(R*math.log(p2/p1) - cp*math.log((t2+273)/(t1+273))) -(v**2)/2000\n",
-    "Wm = df # Minimum work input\n",
-    "I = Wm-Wa # Irreversibility\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Part D:\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The minimum work input is \",Wm,\" kJ/kg, and irreversibility is \",I ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "# The answers given in the book contain round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "neta = Wm/Wa\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n Part E:\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Second law efficiency is \",math. ceil(neta*100) ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter9.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter9.ipynb
index 91d540ce..ceef1a80 100755..100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter9.ipynb
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# At 1 MPa\n",
     "tsat = 179.91 # Saturation temperature in degree Celsius\n",
     "vf = 0.001127 # Specific volume of fluid in m**3/kg\n",
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given that\n",
     "s = 6.76 # Entropy of saturated steam in kJ/kgK\n",
     "print \"\\n Example 9.2\"\n",
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "v = 0.09  # Specific volume of substance at a point in m**3/kg\n",
     "vf = 0.001177 # Specific volume of fluid in m**3/kg\n",
     "vg = 0.09963  # Specific volume of gas in m**3/kg\n",
@@ -153,7 +154,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -182,7 +183,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "Psat = 3.973 # Saturation pressure in MPa\n",
     "vf = 0.0012512 # specific volume of fluid in m**3/kg\n",
     "vg = 0.05013 # Specific volume of gas in m**3/kg\n",
@@ -228,7 +229,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -245,7 +246,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# At T = 40 degree\n",
     "Psat = 7.384 # Saturation pressure in kPa\n",
     "sf = 0.5725 # Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
@@ -272,7 +273,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -291,7 +292,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "h2 = 2716.2 # Enthalpy at turbine inlet in kJ/kg\n",
     "hf = 844.89 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
     "hfg = 1947.3 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
@@ -313,7 +314,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -330,7 +331,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# At 0.1Mpa, 110 degree\n",
     "h2 = 2696.2 # Enthalpy at turbine inlet in kJ/kg\n",
     "hf = 844.89 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
@@ -357,7 +358,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -374,7 +375,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# P = 1MPa\n",
     "vf = 0.001127 # specific volume of fluid in m**3/kg\n",
     "vg = 0.1944# specific volume of gas in m**3/kg\n",
@@ -407,7 +408,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -417,23 +418,18 @@
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "\n",
-      " Example 9.12\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "ename": "NameError",
-     "evalue": "name 'math' is not defined",
-     "output_type": "error",
-     "traceback": [
-      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
-      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
-      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-5-4824fe7bf0c8>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m     14\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mprint\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m\"\\n Example 9.12\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m     15\u001b[0m \u001b[0mV1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mm\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0mv1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# total volume at point 1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m---> 16\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mVd\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mmath\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mpi\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m/\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m4\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m*\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0md\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m*\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m1e-3\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m**\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0ml\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m*\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m1e-3\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# displaced volume\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32m     17\u001b[0m \u001b[0mV2\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mV1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m+\u001b[0m\u001b[0mVd\u001b[0m  \u001b[1;31m# Total volume at point 2\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m     18\u001b[0m \u001b[0mn\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mlog\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mP1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m/\u001b[0m\u001b[0mP2\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m/\u001b[0m\u001b[0mlog\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mV2\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m/\u001b[0m\u001b[0mV1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# polytropic index\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
-      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'math' is not defined"
+      " Example 9.12\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The value of n is  1.23844995978\n",
+      "\n",
+      " The work done by the steam is  4.72026539673 kJ \n",
+      "\n",
+      " The heat transfer is  -1.80091923775 kJ \n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "m = 0.02 # Mass of steam in Kg\n",
     "d = 280 # diameter of piston in mm\n",
     "l = 305 # Stroke length in mm\n",
@@ -450,7 +446,7 @@
     "V1 = m*v1 # total volume at point 1\n",
     "Vd = (math.pi/4)*(d*1e-3)**2*l*1e-3 # displaced volume\n",
     "V2 = V1+Vd  # Total volume at point 2\n",
-    "n = log(P1/P2)/log(V2/V1) # polytropic index\n",
+    "n = math.log(P1/P2)/math.log(V2/V1) # polytropic index\n",
     "W12 = ((P1*V1)-(P2*V2))*1e6/(n-1) # work done\n",
     "print \"\\n The value of n is \",n\n",
     "print \"\\n The work done by the steam is \",W12/1e3 ,\"kJ \"\n",
@@ -475,7 +471,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -495,7 +491,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "x1 = 1 # Steam quality in first vessel\n",
     "x2 = 0.8 # Steam quality in second vessel\n",
     "# at 0.2MPa\n",
@@ -551,7 +547,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -574,7 +570,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# At 6 MPa, 400 degree\n",
     "h1 = 3177.2 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
     "s1 = 6.5408 #Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
@@ -614,7 +610,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -637,7 +633,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# At 25 bar, 350 degree\n",
     "h1 = 3125.87 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
     "s1 = 6.8481# Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
@@ -691,7 +687,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -714,7 +710,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# At dead state of 1 bar, 300K\n",
     "u0 = 113.1 # Internal energy in kJ/kg\n",
     "h0 = 113.2 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
@@ -775,7 +771,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -803,7 +799,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Given\n",
     "th1 = 90.0 # Inlet temperature of hot water in degree Celsius\n",
     "tc1 = 25.0# Inlet temperature of cold water in degree Celsius\n",
@@ -866,7 +862,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
+   "execution_count": 16,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -883,7 +879,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "m = 50.0# mass flow rate in kg/h\n",
     "Th = 23.0 # Home temperature in degree Celsius\n",
     "# State 1\n",
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter9_8b0ahS6.ipynb b/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter9_8b0ahS6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ceef1a80..00000000
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter9_8b0ahS6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,925 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 09:Properties of pure substances"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.1:pg-302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.1\n",
-      "\n",
-      " At 1 MPa, \n",
-      " saturation temperature is  179.91  degree celcius\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Changes in specific volume is  0.193313  m**3/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Change in entropy during evaporation is  4.4478  kJ/kg K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The latent heat of vaporization is  2015.3  kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# At 1 MPa\n",
-    "tsat = 179.91 # Saturation temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "vf = 0.001127 # Specific volume of fluid in m**3/kg\n",
-    "vg = 0.19444 # Specific volume of gas in m**3/kg \n",
-    "sf = 2.1387 # Specific entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "sg = 6.5865# Specific entropy of gas in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.1\"\n",
-    "vfg = vg-vf # Change in specific volume due to evaporation\n",
-    "sfg = sg-sf# Change in specific entropy due to evaporation\n",
-    "hfg = 2015.3\n",
-    "print \"\\n At 1 MPa, \\n saturation temperature is \",tsat ,\" degree celcius\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Changes in specific volume is \",vfg ,\" m**3/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Change in entropy during evaporation is \",sfg ,\" kJ/kg K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The latent heat of vaporization is \",hfg ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "# Data is given in the table A.1(b) in Appendix in the book\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.2:pg-302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.2\n",
-      "\n",
-      " pressure =  0.6  Mpa\n",
-      " Temperature =  158.85  degree centigrade\n",
-      " Specific volume =  0.3156  m**3/kg\n",
-      " enthalpy =  2756.8  kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given that\n",
-    "s = 6.76 # Entropy of saturated steam in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.2\"\n",
-    "# From the table A.1(b) given in the book at s= 6.76 kJ/kgK\n",
-    "p = 0.6\n",
-    "t=158.85\n",
-    "v_g=0.3156\n",
-    "h_g=2756.8\n",
-    "print \"\\n pressure = \",p ,\" Mpa\\n Temperature = \",t ,\" degree centigrade\\n Specific volume = \",v_g ,\" m**3/kg\\n enthalpy = \",h_g ,\" kJ/kg\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.3:pg-302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.3\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The enthalpy and entropy of the system are\n",
-      "  2614.55463998  kW and  5.96006442363  kJ/kg and kJ/kg K respectively.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "v = 0.09  # Specific volume of substance at a point in m**3/kg\n",
-    "vf = 0.001177 # Specific volume of fluid in m**3/kg\n",
-    "vg = 0.09963  # Specific volume of gas in m**3/kg\n",
-    "hf = 908.79 # Specific enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hfg = 1890.7 # Latent heat of substance in kJ/kg\n",
-    "sf = 2.4474 # Specific entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "sfg = 3.8935 # Entropy change due to vaporization\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.3\"\n",
-    "x = (v-vf)/(vg-vf) # steam quality\n",
-    "h = hf+(x*hfg) # Specific enthalpy of substance at a point in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s = sf+(x*sfg) # Specific entropy of substance at a point in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n The enthalpy and entropy of the system are\\n \",h ,\" kW and \",s ,\" kJ/kg and kJ/kg K respectively.\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.5:pg-303"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The pressure is  3.973  MPa\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The total mass of mixture is  9.57329343706  kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Specific volume is  0.00417829039327  m3/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Enthalpy is is  1188.13405609  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The entropy is  2.9891336667  kJ/kg K\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The internal energy is  1171.53370836  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " At 250 degree Celsius, internal energy is  1171.53445483 kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Psat = 3.973 # Saturation pressure in MPa\n",
-    "vf = 0.0012512 # specific volume of fluid in m**3/kg\n",
-    "vg = 0.05013 # Specific volume of gas in m**3/kg\n",
-    "hf = 1085.36  # Specific enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hfg = 1716.2 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "sf = 2.7927 # Specific entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "sfg = 3.2802 # Entropy change due to vaporization in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "mf = 9.0 # Mass of liquid in kg\n",
-    "V = 0.04 # Volume of vessel in m**3\n",
-    "# at T = 250\n",
-    "uf = 1080.39 #Specific internal energy in kJ/kg \n",
-    "ufg = 1522.0# Change in internal energy due to vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.5\"\n",
-    "Vf = mf*vf # volume of fluid\n",
-    "Vg = V-Vf # volume of gas\n",
-    "mg = Vg/vg # mass of gas\n",
-    "m = mf+mg # mass if mixture\n",
-    "x = mg/m # quality of steam\n",
-    "v = vf+x*(vg-vf) # specific volume of mixture\n",
-    "h = hf+x*hfg # enthalpy of mixture\n",
-    "s = sf+(x*sfg) # entropy of mixture\n",
-    "u = h-Psat*1e6*v*1e-03 # Internal energy of mixture\n",
-    "u_ = uf+x*ufg # Internal energy at 250 degree Celsius\n",
-    "print \"\\n The pressure is \",Psat ,\" MPa\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The total mass of mixture is \",m ,\" kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Specific volume is \",v ,\" m3/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Enthalpy is is \",h ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The entropy is \",s ,\" kJ/kg K\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The internal energy is \",u ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n At 250 degree Celsius, internal energy is \",u_ ,\"kJ/kg\" #The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.7:pg-305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.7\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The ideal work output of the turbine is  882.40804932  kJ/Kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# At T = 40 degree\n",
-    "Psat = 7.384 # Saturation pressure in kPa\n",
-    "sf = 0.5725 # Entropy of fluid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "sfg = 7.6845 # Entropy change due to vaporization in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "hf = 167.57 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hfg = 2406.7 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 6.9189 # Entropy at turbine inlet in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "h1 = 3037.6 # Enthalpy at turbine inlet in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.7\"\n",
-    "x2 = (s1-sf)/sfg # Steam quality\n",
-    "h2 = hf+(x2*hfg) # Enthalpy at turbine exit\n",
-    "W = h1-h2 # Net work done\n",
-    "print \"\\n The ideal work output of the turbine is \",W ,\" kJ/Kg\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.9:pg-308"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.9\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The quality of steam in pipe line is  0.96097673702\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Maximum moisture content that can be determined is  5.47886817645  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "h2 = 2716.2 # Enthalpy at turbine inlet in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hf = 844.89 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hfg = 1947.3 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h3 = 2685.5 # Enthalpy at turbine exit in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.9\"\n",
-    "x1 = (h2-hf)/hfg\n",
-    "x4 = (h3-hf)/hfg\n",
-    "print \"\\n The quality of steam in pipe line is \",x1  #The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "print \"\\n Maximum moisture content that can be determined is \",100-(x4*100) ,\" percent\"#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.10:pg-309"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.10\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The quality of the steam in the pipe line is  0.909544295341\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# At 0.1Mpa, 110 degree\n",
-    "h2 = 2696.2 # Enthalpy at turbine inlet in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hf = 844.89 # Enthalpy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hfg = 1947.3 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "vf = 0.001023 # at T = 70 degree\n",
-    "V = 0.000150 # In m3\n",
-    "m2 = 3.24 # mass of condensed steam in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.10\"\n",
-    "x2 = (h2-hf)/hfg # Quality of steam at turbine inlet\n",
-    "m1 = V/vf # mass of moisture collected in separator\n",
-    "x1 = (x2*m2)/(m1+m2) # quality of the steam\n",
-    "print \"\\n The quality of the steam in the pipe line is \",x1 \n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.11:pg-310"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.11\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat transfer during the process is  1788.19203218  MJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# P = 1MPa\n",
-    "vf = 0.001127 # specific volume of fluid in m**3/kg\n",
-    "vg = 0.1944# specific volume of gas in m**3/kg\n",
-    "hg = 2778.1 # specific enthalpy of gas in kJ/kg\n",
-    "uf = 761.68 # Specific internal energy of fluid in kJ/kg\n",
-    "ug = 2583.6 # Specific internal energy of gas in kJ/kg\n",
-    "ufg = 1822 # Change in specific internal energy due to phase change in kJ/kg \n",
-    "# Initial anf final mass\n",
-    "Vif = 5 # Initial volume of water in m**3 \n",
-    "Viw = 5# Initial volume of gas in m**3 \n",
-    "Vff = 6  # Final volume of gas in m**3 \n",
-    "Vfw = 4 # Final volume of water in m**3 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.11\"\n",
-    "ms = ((Viw/vf)+(Vif/vg)) - ((Vfw/vf)+(Vff/vg)) \n",
-    "U1 =  ((Viw*uf/vf)+(Vif*ug/vg))\n",
-    "Uf =  ((Vfw*uf/vf)+(Vff*ug/vg))\n",
-    "Q = Uf-U1+(ms*hg)\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat transfer during the process is \",Q/1e3 ,\" MJ\"\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.12:pg-311"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.12\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The value of n is  1.23844995978\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The work done by the steam is  4.72026539673 kJ \n",
-      "\n",
-      " The heat transfer is  -1.80091923775 kJ \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 0.02 # Mass of steam in Kg\n",
-    "d = 280 # diameter of piston in mm\n",
-    "l = 305 # Stroke length in mm\n",
-    "P1 = 0.6 # Initial pressure in MPa\n",
-    "P2 = 0.12 # Final pressure in MPa\n",
-    "# At 0.6MPa, t = 200 degree\n",
-    "v1 = 0.352 # Specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "h1 = 2850.1 # Specific enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "vf = 0.0010476 # specific volume of fluid in m**3/kg\n",
-    "vfg = 1.4271 # Specific volume change due to vaporization in m**3/kg\n",
-    "uf = 439.3 # specific enthalpy of fluid\n",
-    "ug = 2512.0 # Specific enthalpy of gas\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.12\"\n",
-    "V1 = m*v1 # total volume at point 1\n",
-    "Vd = (math.pi/4)*(d*1e-3)**2*l*1e-3 # displaced volume\n",
-    "V2 = V1+Vd  # Total volume at point 2\n",
-    "n = math.log(P1/P2)/math.log(V2/V1) # polytropic index\n",
-    "W12 = ((P1*V1)-(P2*V2))*1e6/(n-1) # work done\n",
-    "print \"\\n The value of n is \",n\n",
-    "print \"\\n The work done by the steam is \",W12/1e3 ,\"kJ \"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "v2 = V2/m # specific volume\n",
-    "x2 = (v2-vf)/vfg  # Steam quality\n",
-    "# At 0.12MPa\n",
-    "u2 = uf + (x2*(ug-uf)) # Internal energy \n",
-    "u1 = h1-(P1*1e6*v1*1e-03) # Internal energy\n",
-    "Q12 = m*(u2-u1)+ (W12/1e3) # Heat transfer\n",
-    "print \"\\n The heat transfer is \",Q12 ,\"kJ \"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.13:pg-312"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.13\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Final pressure is  3.5  bar\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Steam quality is  0.87 \n",
-      " Entropy change during the process is  0.4227  kJ/K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "x1 = 1 # Steam quality in first vessel\n",
-    "x2 = 0.8 # Steam quality in second vessel\n",
-    "# at 0.2MPa\n",
-    "vg = 0.8857 # Specific volume of gas in m**3/kg\n",
-    "h1 =  2706.7 # Enthalpy in first vessel  in kJ/kg\n",
-    "v1 = vg # Specific volume of gas in first vessel in m**3/kg\n",
-    "hg = h1 #  Enthalpy in first vessel  1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "m1 = 5  # mass in first vessel in kg\n",
-    "V1 = m1*v1 # Volume of first vessel in m**3\n",
-    "# at 0.5MPa\n",
-    "m2 = 10 # mass in second vessel in kg\n",
-    "hf = 640.23 # Enthalpy in second vessel  in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hfg = 2108.5 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "vf = 0.001093 # Specific volume of fluid in second vessel in m**3/kg\n",
-    "vfg = 0.3749 # Change in specific volume in second vessel due to evaporation of gas in m**3/kg\n",
-    "v2 = vf+(x2*vfg) # Specific volume of gas in second vessel\n",
-    "V2 = m2*v2 # Volume of second vessel in m**3\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "Vm = V1+V2 # Total volume \n",
-    "m = m1+m2 # Total mass\n",
-    "vm = Vm/m # net specific volume\n",
-    "u1 = h1 # Internal energy\n",
-    "h2 = hf+(x2*hfg) # Enthalpy calculation\n",
-    "u2 = h2 # Internal energy calculation\n",
-    "m3 = m # Net mass calculation\n",
-    "h3 = ((m1*u1)+(m2*u2))/m3 # Resultant enthalpy calculation\n",
-    "u3 = h3 # Resultant internal energy calculation\n",
-    "v3 = vm # resultant specific volume calculation\n",
-    "# From Mollier diagram\n",
-    "x3 = 0.870  # Steam quality \n",
-    "p3 = 3.5 # Pressure in MPa\n",
-    "s3 = 6.29 # Entropy at state 3  in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s1 = 7.1271 # Entropy at state 1 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "sf = 1.8607  # Entropy in liquid state  in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "sfg = 4.9606 # Entropy change due to vaporization in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "s2 = sf+(x2*sfg) # Entropy calculation\n",
-    "E = m3*s3-((m1*s1)+(m2*s2)) # Entropy change during process\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.13\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Final pressure is \",p3 ,\" bar\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Steam quality is \",x3 ,\n",
-    "print \"\\n Entropy change during the process is \",E ,\" kJ/K\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.14:pg-314"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.14\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The availability of the steam before the throttle valve  1263.6894  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The availability of the steam after the throttle valve  1237.5538  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The availability of the steam at the turbine exhaust  601.851036792  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The specific work output from the turbine is  546.253422512  kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# At 6 MPa, 400 degree\n",
-    "h1 = 3177.2 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 6.5408 #Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "# At 20 degree\n",
-    "h0= 83.96 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg \n",
-    "s0 = 0.2966#Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "T0 = 20 # Surrounding temperature in degree Celsius \n",
-    "f1 = (h1-h0)-(T0+273)*(s1-s0) # Availability before throttling\n",
-    "# By interpolation at P= 5MPa, h= 3177.2\n",
-    "s2 = 6.63 #Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "h2 = h1 # Throttling\n",
-    "f2 = (h2-h0)-(T0+273)*(s2-s0) # Availability after throttling\n",
-    "df = f1-f2 # Change in availability\n",
-    "x3s = (s2-1.5301)/(7.1271-1.5301) #Entropy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "h3s = 504.7+(x3s*2201.9) #Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "eis = 0.82 # isentropic efficiency\n",
-    "h3 = h2-eis*(h1-h3s) # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "x3 = (h3-504.7)/2201.7 # Steam quality at state 3\n",
-    "s3 = 1.5301+(x3*5.597) # Entropy at state 3\n",
-    "f3 = (h3-h0)-(T0+273)*(s3-s0) # Availability at state 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.14\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The availability of the steam before the throttle valve \",f1 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The availability of the steam after the throttle valve \",f2 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The availability of the steam at the turbine exhaust \",f3 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The specific work output from the turbine is \",h2-h3 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.15:pg-316"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.15\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Availability of steam entering is  1057.4864  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Availability of steam leaving the turbine is  656.7062  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Maximum work is  741.14568  kJ/kg\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Irreversibility is  21.36505104  kJ/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# At 25 bar, 350 degree\n",
-    "h1 = 3125.87 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 6.8481# Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "# 30 degree\n",
-    "h0 = 125.79 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s0 = 0.4369# Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "# At 3 bar, 200 degree\n",
-    "h2 = 2865.5 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s2 = 7.3115 #Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "# At 0.2 bar 0.95 dry\n",
-    "hf = 251.4 # Enthalpy of liquid in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hfg = 2358.3 # Latent heat of vaporization in kJ/kg\n",
-    "sf = 0.8320 # Entropy of liquid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "sg = 7.0765# Entropy of liquid in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "h3 = hf+0.92*hfg # Enthalpy at state 3 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s3 = sf+(0.92*sg) # Entropy at state 3 in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "# Part (a)\n",
-    "T0 = 30 # Atmospheric temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "f1 = (h1-h0)-((T0+273)*(s1-s0)) # Availability at steam entering turbine\n",
-    "f2 = (h2-h0)-((T0+273)*(s2-s0)) # Availability at state 2\n",
-    "f3 = (h3-h0)-((T0+273)*(s3-s0))# Availability at state 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.15\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Availability of steam entering is \",f1 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Availability of steam leaving the turbine is \",f2 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "m2m1 = 0.25  # mass ratio\n",
-    "m3m1 = 0.75 # mass ratio\n",
-    "Wrev = f1-(m2m1*f2)-(m3m1*f3) # Maximum work\n",
-    "print \"\\n Maximum work is \",Wrev ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (c)\n",
-    "w1 = 600 # mass flow at inlet of turbine in kg/h\n",
-    "w2 = 150 # mass flow at state 2 in turbine in kg/h\n",
-    "w3 = 450# mass flow at state 2 in  turbine in kg/h\n",
-    "Q = -10  # Heat loss rate kJ/s\n",
-    "I = ((T0+273)*(w2*s2+w3*s3-w1*s1)-Q*3600)*103/600\n",
-    "print \"\\n Irreversibility is \",I/1e3 ,\" kJ/kg\"\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.16:pg-317"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.16\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Energy of system in Part (a) is  73.2  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Energy of system in Part (b) is  197.3474  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Energy of system in Part (c) is  498.2624  kJ\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Energy of system in Part (d) is  121.8  kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# At dead state of 1 bar, 300K\n",
-    "u0 = 113.1 # Internal energy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h0 = 113.2 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "v0 = 0.001005 # Specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "s0 = 0.395 # Entropy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T0 = 300 # Atmospheric temperature in K\n",
-    "P0 = 1 # Atmospheric pressure in bar \n",
-    "K = h0-T0*s0\n",
-    "# Part (a)\n",
-    "# At 1bar and 90 degree Celsius \n",
-    "u = 376.9 # Internal energy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h = 377 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "v = 0.001035 # specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "s = 1.193 # Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "m = 3 # Mass of water in kg\n",
-    "fi = m*(h-(T0*s)-K)  #Energy of system\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.16\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n Energy of system in Part (a) is \",fi ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (b)\n",
-    "# At P = 4 Mpa, t = 500 degree\n",
-    "u = 3099.8# Internal energy in kJ/kg \n",
-    "h = 3446.3 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg \n",
-    "v = 0.08637 # specific volume in m**3/kg \n",
-    "s = 7.090 # Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "m = 0.2 # Mass of steam in kg \n",
-    "fib = m*(u+P0*100*v-T0*s-K) # Energy of system\n",
-    "print \"\\n Energy of system in Part (b) is \",fib ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (c) # P = 0.1 bar\n",
-    "m = 0.4 # Mass of wet steam in kg \n",
-    "x = 0.85 # Quality\n",
-    "u = 192+x*2245 # Internal energy \n",
-    "h = 192+x*2392# Enthalpy\n",
-    "s = 0.649+x*7.499 # Entropy\n",
-    "v = 0.001010+x*14.67 # specific volume\n",
-    "fic = m*(u+P0*100*v-T0*s-K) # Energy of system\n",
-    "print \"\\n Energy of system in Part (c) is \",fic ,\" kJ\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Part (d) \n",
-    "# P = 1 Bar, t = -10 degree Celsius\n",
-    "m = 3 # Mass of ice in kg \n",
-    "h = -354.1 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg  \n",
-    "s = -1.298 # at 1000kPa, -10 degree\n",
-    "fid = m*((h-h0)-T0*(s-s0)) # Energy of system\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Energy of system in Part (d) is \",fid ,\" kJ\" #The answer provided in the textbook is wrong\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.17:pg-318"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.17\n",
-      "\n",
-      " In parallel flow\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of irreversibility is  10.98  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The Second law efficiency is  24.275862069  percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      " In counter flow\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The rate of irreversibility is  10.9454545455  kW\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The Second law efficiency is  32.1594684385  percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Given\n",
-    "th1 = 90.0 # Inlet temperature of hot water in degree Celsius\n",
-    "tc1 = 25.0# Inlet temperature of cold water in degree Celsius\n",
-    "tc2 = 50.0# Exit temperature of cold water in degree Celsius\n",
-    "mc = 1.0 # mass flow rate of cold water in kg/s\n",
-    "T0 = 300.0 # Atmospheric temperature in K\n",
-    "th2p = 60.0 # Temperature limit in degree Celsius for parallel flow\n",
-    "th2c = 35.0 # Temperature limit in degree Celsius for counter flow\n",
-    "mhp = (tc2-tc1)/(th1-th2p) # mass flow rate of hot water in kg/s for parallel flow\n",
-    "mhc = (tc2-tc1)/(th1-th2c) # mass flow rate of hot water in kg/s for counter flow\n",
-    "# At 300 K\n",
-    "h0 = 113.2 # ENthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s0 = 0.395 # ENtropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "T0 = 300.0 # temperature in K\n",
-    "# At 90 degree celsius\n",
-    "h1 = 376.92 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg \n",
-    "s1 = 1.1925 # Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "af1 = mhp*((h1-h0)-T0*(s1-s0)) # Availability\n",
-    "# Parallel Flow\n",
-    "# At 60 degree\n",
-    "h2 = 251.13 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg \n",
-    "s2 =0.8312  # Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    " # At 25 degree\n",
-    "h3 = 104.89 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg \n",
-    "s3 = 0.3674 # Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "# At 50 degree\n",
-    "h4 = 209.33 # Enthalpy in kJ/kg \n",
-    "s4 = 0.7038 # Entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "REG = mc*((h4-h3)-T0*(s4-s3)) # Rate of energy gain\n",
-    "REL = mhp*((h1-h2)-T0*(s1-s2)) # Rate of energy loss\n",
-    "Ia = REL-REG # Energy destruction\n",
-    "n2a = REG/REL # Second law efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.17\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n In parallel flow\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of irreversibility is \",Ia ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The Second law efficiency is \",n2a*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Counter flow\n",
-    "h2_ = 146.68 \n",
-    "sp = 0.5053 # At 35 degree\n",
-    "REG_b = REG # Rate of energy gain by hot water is same in both flows\n",
-    "REL_b = mhc*((h1-h2_)-T0*(s1-sp))\n",
-    "Ib = mhc*((h1-h2_)-(T0*(s1-sp))) # Energy destruction\n",
-    "n2b = REG_b/Ib # Second law efficiency\n",
-    "print \"\\n\\n In counter flow\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The rate of irreversibility is \",Ib ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The Second law efficiency is \",n2b*100 ,\" percent\"\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.18:pg-320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Example 9.18\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The maximum cooling rate is  106.207042424  kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 50.0# mass flow rate in kg/h\n",
-    "Th = 23.0 # Home temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "# State 1\n",
-    "T1 = 150.0 # Saturated vapor temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "h1 = 2746.4 # Saturated vapor enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s1 = 6.8387 #Saturated vapor entropy in kJ/kgK\n",
-    "# State 2\n",
-    "h2 = 419.0 # Saturated liquid enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "s2 = 1.3071 #Saturated liquid entropy in kJ/kg \n",
-    "T0 = 45.0 #  Atmospheric temperature in degree Celsius\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "b1 = h1-((T0+273)*s1) # Availability at point 1\n",
-    "b2 = h2-((T0+273)*s2) # Availability at point 2\n",
-    "Q_max = m*(b1-b2)/((T0+273)/(Th+273)-1) # maximum cooling rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"\\n Example 9.18\"\n",
-    "print \"\\n The maximum cooling rate is \",Q_max/3600 ,\" kW\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of_Steam.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of.ipynb
index 627fc0f4..627fc0f4 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of_Steam.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of__kgiORTS.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of_.ipynb
index 95d4d44a..95d4d44a 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of__kgiORTS.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of_.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of__9OtCJTM.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of__9OtCJTM.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 627fc0f4..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of__9OtCJTM.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 10 Properties Of Steam"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "\nChapter 10 Properties Of Steam"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:183"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nmw=15      #Water steam\nms=185     #Dry steam\n\n#Calculation\nx=((ms)/(ms+mw))*100 #Dryness fuction of steam in %\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Dryness fuction of steam=\",x,\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Dryness fuction of steam= 92.5 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:183"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nsps=150 #saturation pressure of the steam in degree celsius\n\n#Output\nP=4.76 #From steam table\nprint(\"saturation pressure=\",P,\"bar\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "saturation pressure= 4.76 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:184"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=28      #Absolute pressure in bar\nP2=5.5     #Absolute pressure in MPa\nP3=77      #Absolute pressure in mm of Hg\n\n#Calcutation\nts1=230.05 #Saturation temperature in degree celsius\nts2=269.93 #Saturation temperature in degree celsius\nts3=45.83  #Saturation temperature in degree celsius\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Saturation temperature= \",ts1,\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Saturation temperature= \",ts2,\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Saturation temperature= \",ts3,\"degree celsius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Saturation temperature=  230.05 degree celsius\nSaturation temperature=  269.93 degree celsius\nSaturation temperature=  45.83 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:185"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15              #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nts=198.3          #In degree celsius  \nhf=844.7          #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2        #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9         #In KJ/Kg\ntsup=300          #In degree celsius \nx=0.8\nCps=2.3\nhg=2789.9\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x*hfg        #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/KG\nh=hg               #Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam in KJ/KG\nh2=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)#Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/KG\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam= \",h,\"KJ/KG\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet steam=  2400.86 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of dry and saturated steam=  2789.9 KJ/KG\nEnthalpy of superheated steam=  3023.81 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:186"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nti=30         #Temperature in degree celsius\nm=2           #Water in Kg\npf=8          #Steam at 8 bar\nx=0.9         #Water to dry \ntb=30\n#From steam table at 30 degree celsius\nhf=125.7\n#From steam table at 8 bar\nts=170.4      #In degree celsius    \nhf1=720.9     #In KJ/KG\nhfg=2046.6    #In KJ/KG\nhg=2767.5     #In KJ/KG\n\n#Calculation\nh=hf1+(x*hfg) #Final Enthalpy of the steam in KJ/Kg\nQha=m*(h-hf)  #Quantity of the heat in KJ/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Final Enthalpy of the steam= \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Quantity of the heat= \",Qha,\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Final Enthalpy of the steam=  2562.84 KJ/Kg\nQuantity of the heat=  4874.280000000001 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:186"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nIT=25               #Initial temperature\nm=5                 #Heat required to generate steam in kg\npf=10               #Final pressure in bar\ntsup=250            #Water temperature\n#From steam table (temp basis)at 25degree celsius \n#and at 10 bar(pressure basis)\nhf=104.8            #In KJ/KG\nh1=104.8            #In KJ/KG\nts=179.9            #In degree celsius   \nhf1=792.6           #In KJ/KG\nhfg=2013.6          #In KJ/KG\nhg=2776.2           #In KJ/KG\nCps=2.1\n\n#Calculation\nh=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts) #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nH=m*(h-h1)         #Quantity of heat added in KJ/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Quantity of heat added= \",round(H,),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam=  2923.41 KJ/Kg\nQuantity of heat added=  14093 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:188"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15               #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nts=198.3+273       #In degree celsius\nvg=0.1317          #In m**3/Kg \nvf=0.001154        #In m**3/Kg \nx=0.8        \nTsup=300+273       #Degree celsius\n\n\n#Calculation\nv=(1-x)*vf+x*vg    #Volume of wet steam in m**3/Kg\nvg=0.1317          #Dry and saturated steam in m**3/Kg\nvsup=vg*(Tsup/ts)  #Volume of superheated steam m**3/Kg \n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Volume of wet steam= \",round(v,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Dry and Saturated Steam= \",vg,\"m**3/Kg\")  \nprint(\"volume of superheated steam= \",round(vsup,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\n \n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Volume of wet steam=  0.1056 m**3/Kg\nDry and Saturated Steam=  0.1317 m**3/Kg\nvolume of superheated steam=  0.1601 m**3/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:188"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=25           #Absolute pressure\nts=223.9       #Volume\n#Frome steam table (pressure basis at 25 bar) \nvf=0.001197    #In m**3/Kg  \nvg=0.0799      #In m**3/Kg \nv=8            #In m**3/Kg \n\n\n#Calculation\nm=v/vg         #Mass of steam in Kg   \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Mass of steam= \",round(m,3),\"Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Mass of steam=  100.125 Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:190"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=12*10**5             #Absolute pressure\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 12 bar)\nts=188+273             #In degree celsius\nvf=0.001139            #In m**3/Kg \nvg=0.1632              #In m**3/Kg \nhf=798.4               #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3             #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7              #In KJ/Kg\nx=0.94\nCps=2.3\ntsup=350+273           #In degree celsius\n\n#Calcuation\nh=hf+x*hfg             #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nv=(1-x)*vf+x*vg        #Volume of wet steam m**3/Kg\nu=h-((P*v)/10**3)      #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7              #Enthalpy of dry & saturated steam in KJ/Kg\nv1=vg                  #Volume of dry & saturated steam  m**3/Kg\nu1=hg-((P*vg)/10**3)   #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg       \nh1=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)    #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nvsup=vg*(tsup/ts)      #Volume of superheated steam in m**3/Kg\nu2=h1-((P*v)/10**3)    #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of wet steam= \",round(v,5),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",round(u,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of dry & saturated steam= \",hg,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of dry & saturated steam= \",v1,\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",u1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",round(h1,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of superheated steam= \",round(vsup,3),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",round(u2,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet steam=  2663.642 KJ/Kg\nVolume of wet steam=  0.15348 m**3/Kg\nInternal Energy=  2479.47 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of dry & saturated steam=  2782.7 KJ/Kg\nVolume of dry & saturated steam=  0.1632 m**3/Kg\nInternal Energy=  2586.8599999999997 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of superheated steam=  3155.3 KJ/Kg\nVolume of superheated steam=  0.221 m**3/Kg\nInternal Energy=  2971.1 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:191"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=10*10**5                  #Pressure of steam in bar\ntsup1=300+273                #Temperature of steam n degree celsius   \nP2=1.4*10**5                 #Internal energy of steam\nx2=0.8                       #Dryness fraction\nCps=2.3\n#from steam table properties of saturated steam (temp basis) \n#at 25 degree celsius and at 10 bar(pressure basis)\nts1=179.9+273\nvf=0.001127                  #In m**3/Kg \nvg=0.1943                    #In m**3/Kg \nhf=762.6                     #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2013.6                   #In KJ/Kg\nhg1=2776.2                   #In KJ/Kg\n#at 1.4 bar\nts=109.3                     #In degree celsius\nvf1=0.001051                 #In m**3/Kg \nvg1=1.2363                   #In m**3/Kg \nhf1=458.4                    #In KJ/Kg\nhfg1=2231.9                  #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2690.3                    #In KJ/Kg\n\n#calculation\nh1=hg1+Cps*(tsup1-ts1)       #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nv1=vg*(tsup1/ts1)            #Volume of superheated steam in m**3/Kg\nu1=h1-((P1*v1)/10**3)        #Internal energy in KJ/Kg\nh2=hf1+x2*hfg1               #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nVwet=(1-x2)*vf1+x2*vg1       #Volume of wet steam in m**3/Kg\nu2=h2-((P2*Vwet)/10**3)      #Internal energy in KJ/Kg\nDeltaU=u1-u2                 #Change of Internal energy in KJ/Kg\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of superheated steam= \",round(v1,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy= \",round(u1,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of wet steam= \",round(Vwet,5),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy= \",round(u2,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change of Internal energy= \",round(DeltaU,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam=  3052.43 KJ/Kg\nVolume of superheated steam=  0.2458 m**3/Kg\nInternal energy=  2806.6 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  2243.92 KJ/Kg\nVolume of wet steam=  0.98925 m**3/Kg\nInternal energy=  2105.4 KJ/Kg\nChange of Internal energy=  701.2 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No:193"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP=15                         #Absolute pressure\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nts=198.3+273                 #In degree celsius   \nSf=2.3145                    #In KJ/KgK\nSfg=4.1261                   #In KJ/KgK\nSg=6.4406                    #In KJ/KgK\ntsup=300+273\nCps=2.3\nx=0.8\n\n#calculation\nS=Sf+x*Sfg                    #Entropy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nS1=Sg                         #Entropy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nS2=Sg+Cps*(math.log(tsup/ts)) #Entropy of superheated steam in  KJ/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Entropy of wet steam\",round(S,3),\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Entropy of dry and saturated steam\",S1,\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Entropy of superheated steam\",round(S2,2),\" KJ/Kg\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Entropy of wet steam 5.615  KJ/Kg\nEntropy of dry and saturated steam 6.4406  KJ/Kg\nEntropy of superheated steam 6.89  KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No:194"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\n#Input data\nimport math\nm=1.5                  #Entropy of the steam\nP=10*10**5             #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table properties of saturated steam \n#(pressure basis)at 10 bar\nts=179.9+273           #Indegree celsius\nvf=0.001127            #In m**3/Kg\nvg=0.1943              #In m**3/Kg\nhf=762.6               #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2013.6             #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2776.2              #In KJ/Kg\nSf=2.1382              #In KJ/KgK\nSfg=4.4446             #In KJ/KgK\nSg=6.5828              #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\ntsup=250+273\n\n\n#Calculation\n#(1)Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam \n\nh=hg                   #Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam \nEODS=hg*m              #Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of dry and saturated steam \nv=vg                   #volume of dry and saturated steam\nu=h-((P*v)/10**3)      #Internal Energy\nIES=u*m                #Internal energy of the steam\ns=6.5858               #Entropy of dry and saturated steam\nEODSS=s*m              #Entropy of 1.5Kg dry and saturated steam\nx=0.75\n#(2)Enthalpy of wet steam\nh1=hf+x*hfg            #Enthalpy of wet steam\nEWS=h1*m               #Enthalpy of1.5Kg of wet steam\nVwet=x*vg              #Volume of steam\nu1=h1-((P*Vwet)/10**3) #Internal energy \nIES1=u1*m              #Internal energy of1.5Kg of the steam\ns1=Sf+x*Sfg            #Entropy of wet steam\nEWS1=s1*m              #Entropy of1.5Kg of wet steam\n\n#(3)Enthalpy of superheated steam\nh2=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)    #Enthalpy of superheated steam\nEOSHS=h2*m             #Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam\nVsup=vg*(tsup/ts)      #Volume of superheated steam\nu2=h2-((P*Vsup)/10**3) #Internal energy\nIES2=u2*m              #Internal energy of 1.5Kg of the steam\ns2=Sg+Cps*(math.log(tsup/ts))#Entropy of superheated steam\nEOSHS1=s2*m            #Entropy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam=  \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of dry and saturated steam=  \",round(EODS,2),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"volume of dry and saturated steam=  \",v,\"m**3/kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy=  \",round(u,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of the steam=  \",round(IES,2),\"kJ\")\nprint(\"Entropy of dry and saturated steam = \",s,\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy of 1.5kg of dry and saturated steam=  \",EODSS,\"KJ/K\")\n\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam=  \",round(h1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of1.5Kg of wet steam=  \",EWS,\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Volume of steam= \",Vwet,\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy=   \",u1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=  \",round(IES1,2),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Entropy of wet steam=  \",round(s1,2),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy of 1.5Kg of wet steam=  \",EWS1,\"KJ/K\")\n\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=  \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=  \",round(EOSHS,1),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Volume of superheated steam= \",round(Vsup,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy=  \",round(u2,4),\"\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=  \",round(IES2,1),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Entropy of superheated steam=  \",round(s2,4),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=  \",round(EOSHS1,2),\"KJ/K\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam=   2776.2 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of 1.5Kg of dry and saturated steam=   4164.3 KJ\nvolume of dry and saturated steam=   0.1943 m**3/kg\nInternal Energy=   2581.9 KJ/Kg\nInternal energy of the steam=   3872.85 kJ\nEntropy of dry and saturated steam =  6.5858 KJ/KgK\nEntropy of 1.5kg of dry and saturated steam=   9.8787 KJ/K\nEnthalpy of wet steam=   2272.8 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of1.5Kg of wet steam=   3409.2 KJ\nVolume of steam=  0.145725 m**3/Kg\nInternal energy=    2127.075 KJ/Kg\nInternal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=   3190.61 KJ\nEntropy of wet steam=   5.47 KJ/KgK\nEntropy of 1.5Kg of wet steam=   8.207475 KJ/K\nEnthalpy of superheated steam=   2937.43 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=   4406.1 KJ\nVolume of superheated steam=  0.2244 m**3/Kg\ninternal energy=   2713.0562 \nInternal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=   4069.6 KJ\nEntropy of superheated steam=   6.9138 KJ/KgK\nEntropy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=   10.37 KJ/K\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:196"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=0.04                  #Volume of vessel in m**3 \nx=1\nt=250+273               #Saturated steam temp in degree celsius\nmw=9                    #Mass of liquid in Kg\n#From steam table(temp basis,at t=250)\nP=39.78*10**5               #in bar\nVf=0.001251             #In m**3/kg\nVg=0.05004              #In m**3/Kg\nhf=1085.7               #KJ/Kg\nhfg=2800.4              #KJ/Kg\nhg=1714.7               #KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nVw=mw*Vf                #Volume occupied by water in m**3\nVs=V-Vw                 #Volume of waterin m**3\nms=Vs/Vg                #Volume of dry and saturated steam in Kg \nm=mw+ms                 #Total mass of steam in Kg\nx=ms/(ms+mw)            #Dryness fraction of steam \nVwet=(1-x)*Vf+x*Vg      #Specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nh=hf+x*hfg              #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nEOWS=h*m                #Enthalpy of 9.574 Kg of wet steam KJ\nu=h-((P*Vwet)/10**3)    #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg\nIEOS=u*m                #Internal energy of 9.574 Kg of steam in KJ\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Volume occupied by water= \",round(Vw,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"Volume of water= \",round(Vs,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"Volume of dry and saturated steam=  \",round(ms,3),\"Kg \")\nprint(\"Total mass of steam= \",round(m,3),\"Kg\")\nprint(\"Dryness fraction of steam= \",round(x,2),)\nprint(\"Specific volume of steam= \",round(Vwet,6),\" m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(h,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of 9.574 Kg of wet steam= \",round(EOWS,),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",round(u,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of 9.574 Kg of steam= \",round(IEOS),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Volume occupied by water=  0.01126 m**3\nVolume of water=  0.02874 m**3\nVolume of dry and saturated steam=   0.574 Kg \nTotal mass of steam=  9.574 Kg\nDryness fraction of steam=  0.06\nSpecific volume of steam=  0.004178  m**3/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  1253.7 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of 9.574 Kg of wet steam=  12003 KJ\nInternal Energy=  1237.1 KJ/Kg\nInternal energy of 9.574 Kg of steam=  11844 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:197"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input Data\nP=7                 #Absolute pressure in bar\nt=200               #Absolute temperature\nts=165              #In degree celsius from steam table\n\n#Calculation\ndos=t-ts            #Degree of superheat in degree celcius\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Degree of superheat= \",dos,\"degree celcius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Degree of superheat=  35 degree celcius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 15 Page No:197"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15          #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nh=1950       #In KJ/Kg\nts=198.3     #In degreee celsius\nhf=844.7     #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2   #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9    #In KJ/Kg\n\n#calculation\nx=((h-hf)/hfg)  #Enthalpy of wet steam\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(x,3),\"\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet steam=  0.568 \n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 16 Page No:197"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15                      #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nh=3250                    #In KJ/Kg\nts=198.3                  #In degree celsius   \nhf=844.7                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2                #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                 #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n#Calculation\ntsup=(h-hg+(Cps*ts))/2.3 #Enthalpy of superheated steam in degree celsius\ndos=tsup-ts              #Degree of superheated in degree celsius\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=  \",round(tsup,2),\"degree celcius\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheated=  \",dos,\"degree celcius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam=   398.34 degree celcius\nDegree of superheated=   200.0434782608695 degree celcius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 17 Page No:198"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=7                  #Absolute pressure in bar\nv=0.2                #Specific volume in m**3/Kg\n#from steam table (pressure basis at 7 bar) \nts=165               #In degree celsius\nvf=0.001108          #In m**3/Kg\nvg=0.2727            #In m**3/Kg\n\n#calculation\nx=v/vg               #Volume of steam dryness fraction\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Volume of steam dryness fraction= \",round(x,3),)",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Volume of steam dryness fraction=  0.733\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 18 Page No:198"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=7                             #Absolute pressure in bar\nv=0.3                           #Specific volume in m**3/Kg\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 7 bar)\nts=165+273                      #In degree celsius\nvf=0.001108                     #In m**3/Kg\nvg=0.2727                       #In m**3/Kg\n\n#Calculation\n#v=vg*tsup/ts\ntsup=((v/vg)*ts)-273            #Temp of superheated steam  in degree celsius\nDOS=tsup+273-ts                 #Degree of superheated  in degree celsius\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Temp of superheated steam= \",round(tsup,2),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheated=  \",round(DOS,2),\"degree celsius\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Temp of superheated steam=  208.85 degree celsius\nDegree of superheated=   43.85 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 19 Page No:198"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=2        #steam of vessel in Kg\nV=0.1598   #volume of vessel in M**3\nP=25       #Absolute pressure of vessel in bar\n\n#Calculation\nv=V/m      #Quality of steam in m**3/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Quality of steam\",v,\" m**3/Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Quality of steam 0.0799  m**3/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 20 Page No:200"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=10*10**2                #Absolute pressure in bar\nx1=0.9                    #Dryness enters\ntsup2=300+273             #Temperature in degree celsius \n#From steam table at 10 bar\nts=179.9+273              #In degree celsius\nVg=0.1943                 #In m**3/Kg\nhf=762.6                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2013.6                #InK/Kg\nhg=2776.2                 #In KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x1*hfg              #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nV1=x1*Vg                  #Initial specific volume of steam\nu1=h1-P*V1                #Initial internal energy of steam in KJ/Kg\nh2=hg+Cps*(tsup2-ts)      #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nV2=Vg*(tsup2/ts)          #Final specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nu2=h2-P*V2                #Final internal energy of steam in KJ/K\ndeltah=h2-h1              #Heat gained by steam in KJ/Kg\ndeltaU=(u2-u1)            #Change in internal energy in KJ/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial specific volume of steam= \",V1,)\nprint(\"Initial internal energy of steam= \",round(u1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final specific volume of steam= \",round(V2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final internal energy of steam= \",round(u2,3),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Heat gained by steam= \",round(deltah,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change in internal energy=  \",round(deltaU,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial enthalpy of steam=  2574.84 KJ/Kg\nInitial specific volume of steam=  0.17487\nInitial internal energy of steam=  2399.97 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  3052.43 KJ/Kg\nFinal specific volume of steam=  0.2458 m**3/Kg\nFinal internal energy of steam=  2806.606 KJ/Kg\nHeat gained by steam=  477.59 KJ/Kg\nChange in internal energy=   406.64 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 21 Page No:201"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=4                        #Steam in Kg\nP=13                       #Absolute pressure in bar\ntsup1=450                  #Absolute temp in degree celsius \ndeltaH=2.8*10**3           #loses in MJ\n#from steam table at 13 bar\nts=191.6                   #In degree celsius\nVg=0.1511                  #In m**3/Kg\nhf=814.7                   #In m**3/Kg\nhfg=1970.7                 #In  KJ/Kg\nhg=2785.4                  #In KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hg+Cps*(tsup1-ts)       #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nDeltah=deltaH/m            #Change in enthalpy/unit mass in KJ/Kg\nh2=h1-Deltah               #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nx2=(h2-hf)/hfg             #wet & dryness fraction\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",round(h1,2),\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change in enthalpy/unit mass= \",Deltah,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"wet & dryness fraction= \",round(x2,4),)",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial enthalpy of steam=  3379.72  KJ/Kg\nChange in enthalpy/unit mass=  700.0 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  2679.72 KJ/Kg\nwet & dryness fraction=  0.9464\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 22 Page No:202"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=2                           #Steam in Kg\nx=0.7                         #Initial dryness \nP=15                          #Constant pressure in bar\n#V2=2V1\n#from steam table properties of\n#saturated steam(pressure basis) at 15 bar\nTs=198.3+273                  #In degree celsius \nVg=0.1317                     #In m**3/Kg\nhf=844.7                      #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2                    #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                     #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n#Calculation\nV1=x*Vg                       #Initial specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nV2=2*V1                       #Final specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nTsup=(V2/Vg)*Ts               #Steam is superheated in degree celsius \nFSS=Tsup-Ts                   #Degree of superheated in degree celsius\nh1=hf+x*hfg                   #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nh2=hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts)           #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg \nQ=(h2-h1)*m                   #Heat transferred in the process in KJ\nW1=P*(m*V2-m*V1)              #Work transferred in the process in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial specific volume of steam= \",round(V1,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final specific volume of steam= \",round(V2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Steam is superheated=  \",round(Tsup,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheated= \",round(FSS,2),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Heat transferred in the process= \",round(Q,2),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Work transferred in the process= \",round(W1,3),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial specific volume of steam=  0.0922 m**3/Kg\nFinal specific volume of steam=  0.1844 m**3/Kg\nSteam is superheated=   659.82 K\nDegree of superheated=  188.52 degree celsius\nInitial enthalpy of steam=  2206.34 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  3223.5 KJ/Kg\nHeat transferred in the process=  2034.31 KJ\nWork transferred in the process=  2.766 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 23 Page No:203"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=1000                      #Steam in Kg/h       \nP=16                         #Absolute pressure in bar\nx2=0.9                       #Steam is dry \nt1=30+273                    #temperature in degree celsius\ntsup=380                     #tmperature rised in degree celsius                                                            \n                    \n#from steam table(pressure basis at 16 bar)\nh1=125.7                     #in KJ/Kg\nts=201.4                     #In degree celsius\nhf=858.5                     #in kJ/Kg\nhfg=1933.2                   #in kJ/Kg\nhg=2791.7                    #in kJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n#Calculation       \nh2=hf+x2*hfg                 #Final enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg \nQ1=(ms*(h2-h1))*10**-3       #Constant pressure process in KJ/h \nh3=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)          #Final enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/g\nQ2=(ms*(h3-h2))*10**-3       #Suprheated steam in KJ/h\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(h2,1),\"KJ/Kg \")\nprint(\"Constant pressure process= \",round(Q1,1),\" KJ/h \")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of superheated steam= \",round(h3,1),\" KJ/g\")\nprint(\"Suprheated steam= \",round(Q2,1),\"KJ/h\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Final enthalpy of wet steam=  2598.4 KJ/Kg \nConstant pressure process=  2472.7  KJ/h \nFinal enthalpy of superheated steam=  3202.5  KJ/g\nSuprheated steam=  604.1 KJ/h\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 24 Page No:204"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nFB=15                    #First boiler in bar\nSB=15                    #Second boiler in bar\ntsup1=300                #Temperature of the steam in degree celsius\ntsup2=200                #Temperature of the steam in degree celsius\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar )\nts=198.3                 #In degree celsius                \nhf=844.7                 #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2               #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                #In KJ/I\n\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hg+Cps*(tsup1-ts)     #Enthalpy of steam of first boiler in KJ/Kg \nh3=hg+Cps*(tsup2-ts)     #Enthalpy of steam in steam main in KJ/Kg\nh2=2*h3-h1               #Energy balance in KJ/Kg\nx2=(h2-hf)/hfg           #Enthalpy of wet steam\n\n#OUTPUT\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam of first boiler= \",round(h1,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam in steam main= \",round(h3,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Energy balance= \",round(h2,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(x2,3),)\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of steam of first boiler=  3023.8 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of steam in steam main=  2793.8 KJ/Kg\nEnergy balance=  2563.8 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  0.884\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 25 Page No:205"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=0.35                     #Capacity of vessel in m**3\nP1=10*10**2                #Absolute pressure in bar\ntsup1=250+273              #Absolute temperature in degree celsius \nP2=2.5*102                 #Absolute pressure in the vessel fall in bar\n\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 10 bar)\nts1=179.9+273              #In degree celsius \nVg1=0.1943                 #In m**3/Kg\nhf1=762.6                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg1=2013.6                #In KJ/Kg\nhg1=2776.2                 #In KJ/Kg\n\n#From steam table(pressure basis at 2.5 bar)\nV2=0.2247                  #In m**3/Kg\nts2=127.4                  #In degree celsius\nVg2=0.7184                 #In m**3/Kg\nhf2=535.3                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg2=2181.0                #In KJ/Kg\nhg2=2716.4                 #In KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nV1=Vg1*(tsup1/ts1)         #Initial specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nm=V/V1                     #Initial mass of steam in Kg\nx2=V2/Vg2                  #Final condition of wet steam\nh1=hg1+Cps*(tsup1-ts1)     #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nu1=h1-P1*V1                #Initial internal energy of steam in KJ/Kg\nh2=hf2+x2*hfg2             #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nu2=h2-P2*V2                #Final internal energy of steam in KJ/Kg\ndeltaU=(u2-u1)*m           #Change in internal energy in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial specific volume of steam= \",round(V1,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial mass of steam= \",round(m,4),\"Kg\")\nprint(\"Final condition of wet steam= \",round(x2,4),)\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial internal energy of steam= \",round(u1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",round(h2,1),\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final internal energy of steam= \",round(u2,3),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change in internal energy= \",round(deltaU,1),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial specific volume of steam=  0.2244 m**3/Kg\nInitial mass of steam=  1.5599 Kg\nFinal condition of wet steam=  0.3128\nInitial enthalpy of steam=  2937.43 KJ/Kg\nInitial internal energy of steam=  2713.06 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  1217.5  KJ/Kg\nFinal internal energy of steam=  1160.171 KJ/Kg\nChange in internal energy=  -2422.3 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 26 Page No:207"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=1.5                          #Saturated steam in Kg\nx1=1                           \nx2=0.6  \nP1=5*10**5                     #Absolute  pressure in bar\n#From steam table at pressure basis 5 bar\nhg1=2747.5                     #In KJ/Kg\nVg1=0.3747                     #In m**3/Kg\nV1=0.3747                      #In m**3/Kg\nV2=0.3747                      #In m**3/Kg\n#From steam table at Vg2 is 2.9 bar\nP2=2.9*10**5                   #Absolute pressure in bar \nt2=132.4                       #In degree celsius \nhf2=556.5                      #In KJ/Kg\nhfg2=2166.6                    #In KJ/Kg\n\n\n    \n#Calculation\nVg2=V2/x2                       #Constant volume process in m**3/Kg\nu1=hg1-((P1*Vg1)/1000)          #Initial internal energy in KJ/Kg\nu2=(hf2+x2*hfg2)-((P2*V2)/1000) #Final internal energy in KJ\ndeltaU=(u1-u2)*m                #Heat supplied in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Constant volume process= \",round(Vg2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial internal energy= \",u1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final internal energy= \",round(u2,1),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Heat supplied= \",round(deltaU,2),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Constant volume process=  0.6245 m**3/Kg\nInitial internal energy=  2560.15 KJ/Kg\nFinal internal energy=  1747.8 KJ\nHeat supplied=  1218.53 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 27 Page No:208"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=20            #Initial steam in bar\nx1=0.95          #dryness throttled\nP2=1.2           #Absolute pressure in bar\n\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 20 bar)\nts=212.4         #In degree celsius\nhf=908.6         #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1888.6       #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2797.2        #In KJ/Kg\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 1.2 bar)\nh2=h1            #In KJ/Kg\nts2=104.8        #In degree celsius\nhf2=439.3        #In KJ/Kg\nhfg2=2244.1      #In KJ/Kg\nhg2=2683.4       #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x1*hfg     #Enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\ntsup2=((h1-hg2)/Cps)+ts2 #Enthalpy of wet steam in degree celsius\nDOS=tsup2-ts2    #Degree of superheat in degree celsius\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(tsup2,2),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheat= \",round(DOS,2),\"degree celsius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of steam=  2702.77 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  113.22 degree celsius\nDegree of superheat=  8.42 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 28 Page No:209"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=12           #Throttled steam\nx1=0.96         #Dryness is brottled\nx2=1            #Constant enthalpy process\n#From steam table at12 bar\nts=188          #In degree celsius\nhf=798.4        #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3      #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7       #In KJ/Kg\n\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x1*hfg    #Enthalpy of the steam  in KJ/Kg    \nh2=h1           #Enthalpy after throttling in KJ/Kg   \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of the steam=  \",round(h1,2),\"KJ/Kg \")\nprint(\"Enthalpy after throttlin= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg \")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of the steam=   2703.33 KJ/Kg \nEnthalpy after throttlin=  2703.33 KJ/Kg \n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 29 Page No:210"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP1=15                         #Initial steam in bar\ntsup1=250+273                 #Temperature of steam in degree celsius\nP2=0.5                        #Steam turbine in bar\n\n#From steam table at 15 bar\nts1=198.3+273                 #In degree celsius \nhg1=2789.9                    #In KJ/Kg\nsf1=2.3145                    #In KJ/KgK\nsfg1=4.1261                   #In KJ/KgK\nsg1=6.4406                    #In KJ/KgK\n#From steam table at 0.5 bar\nts2=81.53                     #In degree celsius \nsf2=1.0912                    #In KJ/Kg\nsfg2=6.5035                   #In KJ/Kg\nsg2=7.5947                    #In KJ/Kg\nhf2=340.6\nCps=2.3\nhfg2=2646\n\n#Calculation\nS1=sg1+Cps*(math.log(tsup1/ts1)) #Entropy  of superheated steam in KJ/KgK\nS2=S1                            #Entropy after isentropic processes in KJ/KgK\nx2=(S2-sf2)/sfg2                 #Enthalpy of wet steam \nh1=hg1+Cps*(tsup1-ts1)           #Enthalpy of steam at 15 bar\nh2=hf2+x2*hfg2                   #Enthalpy of wet steam at 0.5 bar\nWOT=h1-h2                        #Work output of the turbine\n\n#OUTPUT\nprint(\"Entropy  of superheated steam=  \",round(S1,2),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy after isentropic processes= \",round(S2,2),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(x2,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Work output of the turbine= \",round(WOT,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Entropy  of superheated steam=   6.68 KJ/KgK\nEntropy after isentropic processes=  6.68 KJ/KgK\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  0.86 \nEnthalpy of steam=  2908.81 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  2614.45 KJ/Kg\nwork output of the turbine=  294.36 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of__cs5IV4s.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of__cs5IV4s.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 25cec1be..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of__cs5IV4s.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 10 Properties Of Steam"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "\nChapter 10 Properties Of Steam"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:183"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nmw=15      #Water steam\nms=185     #Dry steam\n\n#Calculation\nx=((ms)/(ms+mw))*100 #Dryness fuction of steam in %\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Dryness fuction of steam=\",x,\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Dryness fuction of steam= 92.5 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:183"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nsps=150 #saturation pressure of the steam in degree celsius\n\n#Output\nP=4.76 #From steam table\nprint(\"saturation pressure=\",P,\"bar\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "saturation pressure= 4.76 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:184"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=28      #Absolute pressure in bar\nP2=5.5     #Absolute pressure in MPa\nP3=77      #Absolute pressure in mm of Hg\n\n#Calcutation\nts1=230.05 #Saturation temperature in degree celsius\nts2=269.93 #Saturation temperature in degree celsius\nts3=45.83  #Saturation temperature in degree celsius\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Saturation temperature= \",ts1,\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Saturation temperature= \",ts2,\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Saturation temperature= \",ts3,\"degree celsius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Saturation temperature=  230.05 degree celsius\nSaturation temperature=  269.93 degree celsius\nSaturation temperature=  45.83 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:185"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15              #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nts=198.3          #In degree celsius  \nhf=844.7          #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2        #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9         #In KJ/Kg\ntsup=300          #In degree celsius \nx=0.8\nCps=2.3\nhg=2789.9\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x*hfg        #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/KG\nh=hg               #Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam in KJ/KG\nh2=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)#Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/KG\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam= \",h,\"KJ/KG\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet steam=  2400.86 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of dry and saturated steam=  2789.9 KJ/KG\nEnthalpy of superheated steam=  3023.81 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:186"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nti=30         #Temperature in degree celsius\nm=2           #Water in Kg\npf=8          #Steam at 8 bar\nx=0.9         #Water to dry \ntb=30\n#From steam table at 30 degree celsius\nhf=125.7\n#h1=hf initial enthalpy of water\n#From steam table at 8 bar\nts=170.4      #In degree celsius    \nhf1=720.9     #In KJ/KG\nhfg=2046.6    #In KJ/KG\nhg=2767.5     #In KJ/KG\n\n#Calculation\nh=hf1+(x*hfg) #Final Enthalpy of the steam in KJ/Kg\nQha=m*(h-hf)  #Quantity of the heat in KJ/Kg              #Calculation mistake m is not multiplied by (h-hf) in book\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Final Enthalpy of the steam= \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Quantity of the heat= \",round(Qha,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Final Enthalpy of the steam=  2562.84 KJ/Kg\nQuantity of the heat=  4874.3 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:186"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nIT=25               #Initial temperature\nm=5                 #Heat required to generate steam in kg\npf=10               #Final pressure in bar\ntsup=250            #Water temperature\n#From steam table (temp basis)at 25degree celsius \n#and at 10 bar(pressure basis)\nhf=104.8            #In KJ/KG\nh1=104.8            #In KJ/KG\nts=179.9            #In degree celsius   \nhf1=792.6           #In KJ/KG\nhfg=2013.6          #In KJ/KG\nhg=2776.2           #In KJ/KG\nCps=2.1\n\n#Calculation\nh=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts) #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nH=m*(h-h1)         #Quantity of heat added in KJ/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Quantity of heat added= \",round(H,),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam=  2923.41 KJ/Kg\nQuantity of heat added=  14093 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:188"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15               #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nts=198.3+273       #In degree celsius\nvg=0.1317          #In m**3/Kg \nvf=0.001154        #In m**3/Kg \nx=0.8        \nTsup=300+273       #Degree celsius\n\n\n#Calculation\nv=(1-x)*vf+x*vg    #Volume of wet steam in m**3/Kg\nvg=0.1317          #Dry and saturated steam in m**3/Kg\nvsup=vg*(Tsup/ts)  #Volume of superheated steam m**3/Kg \n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Volume of wet steam= \",round(v,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Dry and Saturated Steam= \",vg,\"m**3/Kg\")  \nprint(\"volume of superheated steam= \",round(vsup,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\n \n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Volume of wet steam=  0.1056 m**3/Kg\nDry and Saturated Steam=  0.1317 m**3/Kg\nvolume of superheated steam=  0.1601 m**3/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:188"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=25           #Absolute pressure\nts=223.9       #Volume\n#Frome steam table (pressure basis at 25 bar) \nvf=0.001197    #In m**3/Kg  \nvg=0.0799      #In m**3/Kg \nv=8            #In m**3/Kg \n\n\n#Calculation\nm=v/vg         #Mass of steam in Kg   \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Mass of steam= \",round(m,3),\"Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Mass of steam=  100.125 Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:190"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=12*10**5             #Absolute pressure\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 12 bar)\nts=188+273             #In degree celsius\nvf=0.001139            #In m**3/Kg \nvg=0.1632              #In m**3/Kg \nhf=798.4               #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3             #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7              #In KJ/Kg\nx=0.94\nCps=2.3\ntsup=350+273           #In degree celsius\n\n#Calcuation\nh=hf+x*hfg             #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nv=(1-x)*vf+x*vg        #Volume of wet steam m**3/Kg\nu=h-((P*v)/10**3)      #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7              #Enthalpy of dry & saturated steam in KJ/Kg\nv1=vg                  #Volume of dry & saturated steam  m**3/Kg\nu1=hg-((P*vg)/10**3)   #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg       \nh1=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)    #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nvsup=vg*(tsup/ts)      #Volume of superheated steam in m**3/Kg\nu2=h1-((P*v)/10**3)    #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of wet steam= \",round(v,5),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",round(u,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of dry & saturated steam= \",hg,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of dry & saturated steam= \",v1,\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",u1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",round(h1,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of superheated steam= \",round(vsup,3),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",round(u2,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet steam=  2663.642 KJ/Kg\nVolume of wet steam=  0.15348 m**3/Kg\nInternal Energy=  2479.47 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of dry & saturated steam=  2782.7 KJ/Kg\nVolume of dry & saturated steam=  0.1632 m**3/Kg\nInternal Energy=  2586.8599999999997 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of superheated steam=  3155.3 KJ/Kg\nVolume of superheated steam=  0.221 m**3/Kg\nInternal Energy=  2971.1 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:191"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=10*10**5                  #Pressure of steam in bar\ntsup1=300+273                #Temperature of steam n degree celsius   \nP2=1.4*10**5                 #Internal energy of steam\nx2=0.8                       #Dryness fraction\nCps=2.3\n#from steam table properties of saturated steam (temp basis) \n#at 25 degree celsius and at 10 bar(pressure basis)\nts1=179.9+273\nvf=0.001127                  #In m**3/Kg \nvg=0.1943                    #In m**3/Kg \nhf=762.6                     #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2013.6                   #In KJ/Kg\nhg1=2776.2                   #In KJ/Kg\n#at 1.4 bar\nts=109.3                     #In degree celsius\nvf1=0.001051                 #In m**3/Kg \nvg1=1.2363                   #In m**3/Kg \nhf1=458.4                    #In KJ/Kg\nhfg1=2231.9                  #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2690.3                    #In KJ/Kg\n\n#calculation\nh1=hg1+Cps*(tsup1-ts1)       #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nv1=vg*(tsup1/ts1)            #Volume of superheated steam in m**3/Kg\nu1=h1-((P1*v1)/10**3)        #Internal energy in KJ/Kg\nh2=hf1+x2*hfg1               #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nVwet=(1-x2)*vf1+x2*vg1       #Volume of wet steam in m**3/Kg\nu2=h2-((P2*Vwet)/10**3)      #Internal energy in KJ/Kg\nDeltaU=u1-u2                 #Change of Internal energy in KJ/Kg\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of superheated steam= \",round(v1,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy= \",round(u1,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of wet steam= \",round(Vwet,5),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy= \",round(u2,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change of Internal energy= \",round(DeltaU,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam=  3052.43 KJ/Kg\nVolume of superheated steam=  0.2458 m**3/Kg\nInternal energy=  2806.6 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  2243.92 KJ/Kg\nVolume of wet steam=  0.98925 m**3/Kg\nInternal energy=  2105.4 KJ/Kg\nChange of Internal energy=  701.2 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No:193"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP=15                         #Absolute pressure\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nts=198.3+273                 #In degree celsius   \nSf=2.3145                    #In KJ/KgK\nSfg=4.1261                   #In KJ/KgK\nSg=6.4406                    #In KJ/KgK\ntsup=300+273\nCps=2.3\nx=0.8\n\n#calculation\nS=Sf+x*Sfg                    #Entropy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nS1=Sg                         #Entropy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nS2=Sg+Cps*(math.log(tsup/ts)) #Entropy of superheated steam in  KJ/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Entropy of wet steam\",round(S,3),\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Entropy of dry and saturated steam\",S1,\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Entropy of superheated steam\",round(S2,2),\" KJ/Kg\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Entropy of wet steam 5.615  KJ/Kg\nEntropy of dry and saturated steam 6.4406  KJ/Kg\nEntropy of superheated steam 6.89  KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No:194"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\n#Input data\nimport math\nm=1.5                  #Entropy of the steam\nP=10*10**5             #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table properties of saturated steam \n#(pressure basis)at 10 bar\nts=179.9+273           #Indegree celsius\nvf=0.001127            #In m**3/Kg\nvg=0.1943              #In m**3/Kg\nhf=762.6               #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2013.6             #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2776.2              #In KJ/Kg\nSf=2.1382              #In KJ/KgK\nSfg=4.4446             #In KJ/KgK\nSg=6.5828              #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\ntsup=250+273\n\n\n#Calculation\n#(1)Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam \n\nh=hg                   #Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam \nEODS=hg*m              #Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of dry and saturated steam \nv=vg                   #volume of dry and saturated steam\nu=h-((P*v)/10**3)      #Internal Energy\nIES=u*m                #Internal energy of the steam\ns=6.5858               #Entropy of dry and saturated steam\nEODSS=s*m              #Entropy of 1.5Kg dry and saturated steam\nx=0.75\n#(2)Enthalpy of wet steam\nh1=hf+x*hfg            #Enthalpy of wet steam\nEWS=h1*m               #Enthalpy of1.5Kg of wet steam\nVwet=x*vg              #Volume of steam\nu1=h1-((P*Vwet)/10**3) #Internal energy \nIES1=u1*m              #Internal energy of1.5Kg of the steam\ns1=Sf+x*Sfg            #Entropy of wet steam\nEWS1=s1*m              #Entropy of1.5Kg of wet steam\n\n#(3)Enthalpy of superheated steam\nh2=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)    #Enthalpy of superheated steam\nEOSHS=h2*m             #Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam\nVsup=vg*(tsup/ts)      #Volume of superheated steam\nu2=h2-((P*Vsup)/10**3) #Internal energy\nIES2=u2*m              #Internal energy of 1.5Kg of the steam\ns2=Sg+Cps*(math.log(tsup/ts))#Entropy of superheated steam\nEOSHS1=s2*m            #Entropy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam=  \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of dry and saturated steam=  \",round(EODS,2),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"volume of dry and saturated steam=  \",v,\"m**3/kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy=  \",round(u,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of the steam=  \",round(IES,2),\"kJ\")\nprint(\"Entropy of dry and saturated steam = \",s,\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy of 1.5kg of dry and saturated steam=  \",EODSS,\"KJ/K\")\n\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam=  \",round(h1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of1.5Kg of wet steam=  \",EWS,\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Volume of steam= \",Vwet,\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy=   \",u1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=  \",round(IES1,2),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Entropy of wet steam=  \",round(s1,2),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy of 1.5Kg of wet steam=  \",EWS1,\"KJ/K\")\n\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=  \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=  \",round(EOSHS,1),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Volume of superheated steam= \",round(Vsup,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy=  \",round(u2,4),\"\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=  \",round(IES2,1),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Entropy of superheated steam=  \",round(s2,4),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=  \",round(EOSHS1,2),\"KJ/K\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam=   2776.2 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of 1.5Kg of dry and saturated steam=   4164.3 KJ\nvolume of dry and saturated steam=   0.1943 m**3/kg\nInternal Energy=   2581.9 KJ/Kg\nInternal energy of the steam=   3872.85 kJ\nEntropy of dry and saturated steam =  6.5858 KJ/KgK\nEntropy of 1.5kg of dry and saturated steam=   9.8787 KJ/K\nEnthalpy of wet steam=   2272.8 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of1.5Kg of wet steam=   3409.2 KJ\nVolume of steam=  0.145725 m**3/Kg\nInternal energy=    2127.075 KJ/Kg\nInternal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=   3190.61 KJ\nEntropy of wet steam=   5.47 KJ/KgK\nEntropy of 1.5Kg of wet steam=   8.207475 KJ/K\nEnthalpy of superheated steam=   2937.43 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=   4406.1 KJ\nVolume of superheated steam=  0.2244 m**3/Kg\ninternal energy=   2713.0562 \nInternal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=   4069.6 KJ\nEntropy of superheated steam=   6.9138 KJ/KgK\nEntropy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=   10.37 KJ/K\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:196"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=0.04                  #Volume of vessel in m**3 \nx=1\nt=250+273               #Saturated steam temp in degree celsius\nmw=9                    #Mass of liquid in Kg\n#From steam table(temp basis,at t=250)\nP=39.78*10**5               #in bar\nVf=0.001251             #In m**3/kg\nVg=0.05004              #In m**3/Kg\nhf=1085.7               #KJ/Kg\nhfg=2800.4              #KJ/Kg\nhg=1714.7               #KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nVw=mw*Vf                #Volume occupied by water in m**3\nVs=V-Vw                 #Volume of waterin m**3\nms=Vs/Vg                #Volume of dry and saturated steam in Kg \nm=mw+ms                 #Total mass of steam in Kg\nx=ms/(ms+mw)            #Dryness fraction of steam \nVwet=(1-x)*Vf+x*Vg      #Specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nh=hf+x*hfg              #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nEOWS=h*m                #Enthalpy of 9.574 Kg of wet steam KJ\nu=h-((P*Vwet)/10**3)    #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg\nIEOS=u*m                #Internal energy of 9.574 Kg of steam in KJ\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Volume occupied by water= \",round(Vw,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"Volume of water= \",round(Vs,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"Volume of dry and saturated steam=  \",round(ms,3),\"Kg \")\nprint(\"Total mass of steam= \",round(m,3),\"Kg\")\nprint(\"Dryness fraction of steam= \",round(x,2),)\nprint(\"Specific volume of steam= \",round(Vwet,6),\" m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(h,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of 9.574 Kg of wet steam= \",round(EOWS,),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",round(u,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of 9.574 Kg of steam= \",round(IEOS),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Volume occupied by water=  0.01126 m**3\nVolume of water=  0.02874 m**3\nVolume of dry and saturated steam=   0.574 Kg \nTotal mass of steam=  9.574 Kg\nDryness fraction of steam=  0.06\nSpecific volume of steam=  0.004178  m**3/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  1253.7 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of 9.574 Kg of wet steam=  12003 KJ\nInternal Energy=  1237.1 KJ/Kg\nInternal energy of 9.574 Kg of steam=  11844 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:197"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input Data\nP=7                 #Absolute pressure in bar\nt=200               #Absolute temperature\nts=165              #In degree celsius from steam table\n\n#Calculation\ndos=t-ts            #Degree of superheat in degree celcius\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Degree of superheat= \",dos,\"degree celcius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Degree of superheat=  35 degree celcius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 15 Page No:197"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15          #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nh=1950       #In KJ/Kg\nts=198.3     #In degreee celsius\nhf=844.7     #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2   #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9    #In KJ/Kg\n\n#calculation\nx=((h-hf)/hfg)  #Enthalpy of wet steam\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(x,3),\"\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet steam=  0.568 \n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 16 Page No:197"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15                      #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nh=3250                    #In KJ/Kg\nts=198.3                  #In degree celsius   \nhf=844.7                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2                #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                 #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n#Calculation\ntsup=(h-hg+(Cps*ts))/2.3 #Enthalpy of superheated steam in degree celsius\ndos=tsup-ts              #Degree of superheated in degree celsius          \n                         ##The value of ts in not used according to data in book instead of ts=198.3 author used ts=165\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=  \",round(tsup,2),\"degree celcius\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheated=  \",round(dos,2),\"degree celcius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam=   398.34 degree celcius\nDegree of superheated=   200.04 degree celcius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 17 Page No:198"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=7                  #Absolute pressure in bar\nv=0.2                #Specific volume in m**3/Kg\n#from steam table (pressure basis at 7 bar) \nts=165               #In degree celsius\nvf=0.001108          #In m**3/Kg\nvg=0.2727            #In m**3/Kg\n\n#calculation\nx=v/vg               #Volume of steam dryness fraction\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Volume of steam dryness fraction= \",round(x,3),)",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Volume of steam dryness fraction=  0.733\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 18 Page No:198"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=7                             #Absolute pressure in bar\nv=0.3                           #Specific volume in m**3/Kg\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 7 bar)\nts=165+273                      #In degree celsius\nvf=0.001108                     #In m**3/Kg\nvg=0.2727                       #In m**3/Kg\n\n#Calculation\n#v=vg*tsup/ts\ntsup=((v/vg)*ts)-273            #Temp of superheated steam  in degree celsius\nDOS=tsup+273-ts                 #Degree of superheated  in degree celsius\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Temp of superheated steam= \",round(tsup,2),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheated=  \",round(DOS,2),\"degree celsius\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Temp of superheated steam=  208.85 degree celsius\nDegree of superheated=   43.85 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 19 Page No:198"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=2        #steam of vessel in Kg\nV=0.1598   #volume of vessel in M**3\nP=25       #Absolute pressure of vessel in bar\n\n#Calculation\nv=V/m      #Quality of steam in m**3/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Quality of steam\",v,\" m**3/Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Quality of steam 0.0799  m**3/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 20 Page No:200"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=10*10**2                #Absolute pressure in bar\nx1=0.9                    #Dryness enters\ntsup2=300+273             #Temperature in degree celsius \n#From steam table at 10 bar\nts=179.9+273              #In degree celsius\nVg=0.1943                 #In m**3/Kg\nhf=762.6                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2013.6                #InK/Kg\nhg=2776.2                 #In KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x1*hfg              #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nV1=x1*Vg                  #Initial specific volume of steam\nu1=h1-P*V1                #Initial internal energy of steam in KJ/Kg\nh2=hg+Cps*(tsup2-ts)      #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nV2=Vg*(tsup2/ts)          #Final specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nu2=h2-P*V2                #Final internal energy of steam in KJ/K\ndeltah=h2-h1              #Heat gained by steam in KJ/Kg\ndeltaU=(u2-u1)            #Change in internal energy in KJ/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial specific volume of steam= \",V1,)\nprint(\"Initial internal energy of steam= \",round(u1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final specific volume of steam= \",round(V2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final internal energy of steam= \",round(u2,3),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Heat gained by steam= \",round(deltah,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change in internal energy=  \",round(deltaU,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial enthalpy of steam=  2574.84 KJ/Kg\nInitial specific volume of steam=  0.17487\nInitial internal energy of steam=  2399.97 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  3052.43 KJ/Kg\nFinal specific volume of steam=  0.2458 m**3/Kg\nFinal internal energy of steam=  2806.606 KJ/Kg\nHeat gained by steam=  477.59 KJ/Kg\nChange in internal energy=   406.64 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 21 Page No:201"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=4                        #Steam in Kg\nP=13                       #Absolute pressure in bar\ntsup1=450                  #Absolute temp in degree celsius \ndeltaH=2.8*10**3           #loses in MJ\n#from steam table at 13 bar\nts=191.6                   #In degree celsius\nVg=0.1511                  #In m**3/Kg\nhf=814.7                   #In m**3/Kg\nhfg=1970.7                 #In  KJ/Kg\nhg=2785.4                  #In KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hg+Cps*(tsup1-ts)       #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nDeltah=deltaH/m            #Change in enthalpy/unit mass in KJ/Kg\nh2=h1-Deltah               #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nx2=(h2-hf)/hfg             #wet & dryness fraction\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",round(h1,2),\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change in enthalpy/unit mass= \",Deltah,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"wet & dryness fraction= \",round(x2,4),)",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial enthalpy of steam=  3379.72  KJ/Kg\nChange in enthalpy/unit mass=  700.0 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  2679.72 KJ/Kg\nwet & dryness fraction=  0.9464\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 22 Page No:202"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=2                           #Steam in Kg\nx=0.7                         #Initial dryness \nP=15                          #Constant pressure in bar\n#V2=2V1\n#from steam table properties of\n#saturated steam(pressure basis) at 15 bar\nTs=198.3+273                  #In degree celsius \nVg=0.1317                     #In m**3/Kg\nhf=844.7                      #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2                    #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                     #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n#Calculation\nV1=x*Vg                       #Initial specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nV2=2*V1                       #Final specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nTsup=(V2/Vg)*Ts               #Steam is superheated in degree celsius \nFSS=Tsup-Ts                   #Degree of superheated in degree celsius\nh1=hf+x*hfg                   #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nh2=hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts)           #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg \nQ=(h2-h1)*m                   #Heat transferred in the process in KJ\nW1=P*(m*V2-m*V1)              #Work transferred in the process in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial specific volume of steam= \",round(V1,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final specific volume of steam= \",round(V2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Steam is superheated=  \",round(Tsup,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheated= \",round(FSS,2),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Heat transferred in the process= \",round(Q,2),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Work transferred in the process= \",round(W1,3),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial specific volume of steam=  0.0922 m**3/Kg\nFinal specific volume of steam=  0.1844 m**3/Kg\nSteam is superheated=   659.82 K\nDegree of superheated=  188.52 degree celsius\nInitial enthalpy of steam=  2206.34 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  3223.5 KJ/Kg\nHeat transferred in the process=  2034.31 KJ\nWork transferred in the process=  2.766 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 23 Page No:203"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=1000                      #Steam in Kg/h       \nP=16                         #Absolute pressure in bar\nx2=0.9                       #Steam is dry \nt1=30+273                    #temperature in degree celsius\ntsup=380                     #tmperature rised in degree celsius                                                            \n                    \n#from steam table(pressure basis at 16 bar)\nh1=125.7                     #in KJ/Kg\nts=201.4                     #In degree celsius\nhf=858.5                     #in kJ/Kg\nhfg=1933.2                   #in kJ/Kg\nhg=2791.7                    #in kJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n#Calculation       \nh2=hf+x2*hfg                 #Final enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg \nQ1=(ms*(h2-h1))*10**-3       #Constant pressure process in KJ/h \nh3=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)          #Final enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/g\nQ2=(ms*(h3-h2))*10**-3       #Suprheated steam in KJ/h\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(h2,1),\"KJ/Kg \")\nprint(\"Constant pressure process= \",round(Q1,1),\" KJ/h \")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of superheated steam= \",round(h3,1),\" KJ/g\")\nprint(\"Suprheated steam= \",round(Q2,1),\"KJ/h\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Final enthalpy of wet steam=  2598.4 KJ/Kg \nConstant pressure process=  2472.7  KJ/h \nFinal enthalpy of superheated steam=  3202.5  KJ/g\nSuprheated steam=  604.1 KJ/h\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 24 Page No:204"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nFB=15                    #First boiler in bar\nSB=15                    #Second boiler in bar\ntsup1=300                #Temperature of the steam in degree celsius\ntsup2=200                #Temperature of the steam in degree celsius\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar )\nts=198.3                 #In degree celsius                \nhf=844.7                 #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2               #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                #In KJ/I\n\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hg+Cps*(tsup1-ts)     #Enthalpy of steam of first boiler in KJ/Kg \nh3=hg+Cps*(tsup2-ts)     #Enthalpy of steam in steam main in KJ/Kg\nh2=2*h3-h1               #Energy balance in KJ/Kg\nx2=(h2-hf)/hfg           #Enthalpy of wet steam\n\n#OUTPUT\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam of first boiler= \",round(h1,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam in steam main= \",round(h3,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Energy balance= \",round(h2,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(x2,3),)\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of steam of first boiler=  3023.8 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of steam in steam main=  2793.8 KJ/Kg\nEnergy balance=  2563.8 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  0.884\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 25 Page No:205"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=0.35                     #Capacity of vessel in m**3\nP1=10*10**2                #Absolute pressure in bar\ntsup1=250+273              #Absolute temperature in degree celsius \nP2=2.5*102                 #Absolute pressure in the vessel fall in bar\n\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 10 bar)\nts1=179.9+273              #In degree celsius \nVg1=0.1943                 #In m**3/Kg\nhf1=762.6                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg1=2013.6                #In KJ/Kg\nhg1=2776.2                 #In KJ/Kg\n\n#From steam table(pressure basis at 2.5 bar)\nV2=0.2247                  #In m**3/Kg\nts2=127.4                  #In degree celsius\nVg2=0.7184                 #In m**3/Kg\nhf2=535.3                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg2=2181.0                #In KJ/Kg\nhg2=2716.4                 #In KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nV1=Vg1*(tsup1/ts1)         #Initial specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nm=V/V1                     #Initial mass of steam in Kg\nx2=V2/Vg2                  #Final condition of wet steam\nh1=hg1+Cps*(tsup1-ts1)     #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nu1=h1-P1*V1                #Initial internal energy of steam in KJ/Kg\nh2=hf2+x2*hfg2             #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nu2=h2-P2*V2                #Final internal energy of steam in KJ/Kg\ndeltaU=(u2-u1)*m           #Change in internal energy in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial specific volume of steam= \",round(V1,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial mass of steam= \",round(m,4),\"Kg\")\nprint(\"Final condition of wet steam= \",round(x2,4),)\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial internal energy of steam= \",round(u1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",round(h2,1),\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final internal energy of steam= \",round(u2,3),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change in internal energy= \",round(deltaU,1),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial specific volume of steam=  0.2244 m**3/Kg\nInitial mass of steam=  1.5599 Kg\nFinal condition of wet steam=  0.3128\nInitial enthalpy of steam=  2937.43 KJ/Kg\nInitial internal energy of steam=  2713.06 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  1217.5  KJ/Kg\nFinal internal energy of steam=  1160.171 KJ/Kg\nChange in internal energy=  -2422.3 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 26 Page No:207"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=1.5                          #Saturated steam in Kg\nx1=1                           \nx2=0.6  \nP1=5*10**5                     #Absolute  pressure in bar\n#From steam table at pressure basis 5 bar\nhg1=2747.5                     #In KJ/Kg\nVg1=0.3747                     #In m**3/Kg\nV1=0.3747                      #In m**3/Kg\nV2=0.3747                      #In m**3/Kg\n#From steam table at Vg2 is 2.9 bar\nP2=2.9*10**5                   #Absolute pressure in bar \nt2=132.4                       #In degree celsius \nhf2=556.5                      #In KJ/Kg\nhfg2=2166.6                    #In KJ/Kg\n\n\n    \n#Calculation\nVg2=V2/x2                       #Constant volume process in m**3/Kg\nu1=hg1-((P1*Vg1)/1000)          #Initial internal energy in KJ/Kg\nu2=(hf2+x2*hfg2)-((P2*V2)/1000) #Final internal energy in KJ\ndeltaU=(u1-u2)*m                #Heat supplied in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Constant volume process= \",round(Vg2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial internal energy= \",u1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final internal energy= \",round(u2,1),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Heat supplied= \",round(deltaU,2),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Constant volume process=  0.6245 m**3/Kg\nInitial internal energy=  2560.15 KJ/Kg\nFinal internal energy=  1747.8 KJ\nHeat supplied=  1218.53 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 27 Page No:208"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=20            #Initial steam in bar\nx1=0.95          #dryness throttled\nP2=1.2           #Absolute pressure in bar\n\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 20 bar)\nts=212.4         #In degree celsius\nhf=908.6         #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1888.6       #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2797.2        #In KJ/Kg\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 1.2 bar)\nh2=h1            #In KJ/Kg\nts2=104.8        #In degree celsius\nhf2=439.3        #In KJ/Kg\nhfg2=2244.1      #In KJ/Kg\nhg2=2683.4       #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x1*hfg     #Enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\ntsup2=((h1-hg2)/Cps)+ts2 #Enthalpy of wet steam in degree celsius\nDOS=tsup2-ts2    #Degree of superheat in degree celsius\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(tsup2,2),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheat= \",round(DOS,2),\"degree celsius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of steam=  2702.77 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  113.22 degree celsius\nDegree of superheat=  8.42 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 28 Page No:209"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=12           #Throttled steam\nx1=0.96         #Dryness is brottled\nx2=1            #Constant enthalpy process\n#From steam table at12 bar\nts=188          #In degree celsius\nhf=798.4        #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3      #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7       #In KJ/Kg\n\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x1*hfg    #Enthalpy of the steam  in KJ/Kg    \nh2=h1           #Enthalpy after throttling in KJ/Kg   \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of the steam=  \",round(h1,2),\"KJ/Kg \")\nprint(\"Enthalpy after throttlin= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg \")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of the steam=   2703.33 KJ/Kg \nEnthalpy after throttlin=  2703.33 KJ/Kg \n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 29 Page No:210"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP1=15                         #Initial steam in bar\ntsup1=250+273                 #Temperature of steam in degree celsius\nP2=0.5                        #Steam turbine in bar\n\n#From steam table at 15 bar\nts1=198.3+273                 #In degree celsius \nhg1=2789.9                    #In KJ/Kg\nsf1=2.3145                    #In KJ/KgK\nsfg1=4.1261                   #In KJ/KgK\nsg1=6.4406                    #In KJ/KgK\n#From steam table at 0.5 bar\nts2=81.53                     #In degree celsius \nsf2=1.0912                    #In KJ/Kg\nsfg2=6.5035                   #In KJ/Kg\nsg2=7.5947                    #In KJ/Kg\nhf2=340.6\nCps=2.3\nhfg2=2646\n\n#Calculation\nS1=sg1+Cps*(math.log(tsup1/ts1)) #Entropy  of superheated steam in KJ/KgK\nS2=S1                            #Entropy after isentropic processes in KJ/KgK\nx2=(S2-sf2)/sfg2                 #Enthalpy of wet steam \nh1=hg1+Cps*(tsup1-ts1)           #Enthalpy of steam at 15 bar\nh2=hf2+x2*hfg2                   #Enthalpy of wet steam at 0.5 bar\nWOT=h1-h2                        #Work output of the turbine\n\n#OUTPUT\nprint(\"Entropy  of superheated steam=  \",round(S1,2),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy after isentropic processes= \",round(S2,2),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(x2,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Work output of the turbine= \",round(WOT,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Entropy  of superheated steam=   6.68 KJ/KgK\nEntropy after isentropic processes=  6.68 KJ/KgK\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  0.86 \nEnthalpy of steam=  2908.81 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  2614.45 KJ/Kg\nWork output of the turbine=  294.36 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of__mIwJxGU.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of__mIwJxGU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 18be53cf..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_10_Properties_Of__mIwJxGU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,629 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 10 Properties Of Steam"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "\nChapter 10 Properties Of Steam"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:183"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nmw=15      #Water steam\nms=185     #Dry steam\n\n#Calculation\nx=((ms)/(ms+mw))*100 #Dryness fuction of steam in %\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Dryness fuction of steam=\",x,\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Dryness fuction of steam= 92.5 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:183"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nsps=150 #saturation pressure of the steam in degree celsius\n\n#Output\nP=4.76 #From steam table\nprint(\"saturation pressure=\",P,\"bar\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "saturation pressure= 4.76 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:184"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=28      #Absolute pressure in bar\nP2=5.5     #Absolute pressure in MPa\nP3=77      #Absolute pressure in mm of Hg\n\n#Calcutation\nts1=230.05 #Saturation temperature in degree celsius\nts2=269.93 #Saturation temperature in degree celsius\nts3=45.83  #Saturation temperature in degree celsius\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Saturation temperature= \",ts1,\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Saturation temperature= \",ts2,\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Saturation temperature= \",ts3,\"degree celsius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Saturation temperature=  230.05 degree celsius\nSaturation temperature=  269.93 degree celsius\nSaturation temperature=  45.83 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:185"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15              #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nts=198.3          #In degree celsius  \nhf=844.7          #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2        #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9         #In KJ/Kg\ntsup=300          #In degree celsius \nx=0.8\nCps=2.3\nhg=2789.9\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x*hfg        #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/KG\nh=hg               #Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam in KJ/KG\nh2=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)#Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/KG\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam= \",h,\"KJ/KG\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet steam=  2400.86 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of dry and saturated steam=  2789.9 KJ/KG\nEnthalpy of superheated steam=  3023.81 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:186"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nti=30         #Temperature in degree celsius\nm=2           #Water in Kg\npf=8          #Steam at 8 bar\nx=0.9         #Water to dry \ntb=30\n#From steam table at 30 degree celsius\nhf=125.7\n#h1=hf initial enthalpy of water\n#From steam table at 8 bar\nts=170.4      #In degree celsius    \nhf1=720.9     #In KJ/KG\nhfg=2046.6    #In KJ/KG\nhg=2767.5     #In KJ/KG\n\n#Calculation\nh=hf1+(x*hfg) #Final Enthalpy of the steam in KJ/Kg\nQha=m*(h-hf)  #Quantity of the heat in KJ/Kg              #Calculation mistake m is not multiplied by (h-hf) in book\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Final Enthalpy of the steam= \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Quantity of the heat= \",round(Qha,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Final Enthalpy of the steam=  2562.84 KJ/Kg\nQuantity of the heat=  4874.3 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:186"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nIT=25               #Initial temperature\nm=5                 #Heat required to generate steam in kg\npf=10               #Final pressure in bar\ntsup=250            #Water temperature\n#From steam table (temp basis)at 25degree celsius \n#and at 10 bar(pressure basis)\nhf=104.8            #In KJ/KG\nh1=104.8            #In KJ/KG\nts=179.9            #In degree celsius   \nhf1=792.6           #In KJ/KG\nhfg=2013.6          #In KJ/KG\nhg=2776.2           #In KJ/KG\nCps=2.1\n\n#Calculation\nh=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts) #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nH=m*(h-h1)         #Quantity of heat added in KJ/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Quantity of heat added= \",round(H,),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam=  2923.41 KJ/Kg\nQuantity of heat added=  14093 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:188"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15               #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nts=198.3+273       #In degree celsius\nvg=0.1317          #In m**3/Kg \nvf=0.001154        #In m**3/Kg \nx=0.8        \nTsup=300+273       #Degree celsius\n\n\n#Calculation\nv=(1-x)*vf+x*vg    #Volume of wet steam in m**3/Kg\nvg=0.1317          #Dry and saturated steam in m**3/Kg\nvsup=vg*(Tsup/ts)  #Volume of superheated steam m**3/Kg \n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Volume of wet steam= \",round(v,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Dry and Saturated Steam= \",vg,\"m**3/Kg\")  \nprint(\"volume of superheated steam= \",round(vsup,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\n \n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Volume of wet steam=  0.1056 m**3/Kg\nDry and Saturated Steam=  0.1317 m**3/Kg\nvolume of superheated steam=  0.1601 m**3/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:188"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=25           #Absolute pressure\nts=223.9       #Volume\n#Frome steam table (pressure basis at 25 bar) \nvf=0.001197    #In m**3/Kg  \nvg=0.0799      #In m**3/Kg \nv=8            #In m**3/Kg \n\n\n#Calculation\nm=v/vg         #Mass of steam in Kg   \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Mass of steam= \",round(m,3),\"Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Mass of steam=  100.125 Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:190"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=12*10**5             #Absolute pressure\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 12 bar)\nts=188+273             #In degree celsius\nvf=0.001139            #In m**3/Kg \nvg=0.1632              #In m**3/Kg \nhf=798.4               #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3             #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7              #In KJ/Kg\nx=0.94\nCps=2.3\ntsup=350+273           #In degree celsius\n\n#Calcuation\nh=hf+x*hfg             #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nv=(1-x)*vf+x*vg        #Volume of wet steam m**3/Kg\nu=h-((P*v)/10**3)      #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7              #Enthalpy of dry & saturated steam in KJ/Kg\nv1=vg                  #Volume of dry & saturated steam  m**3/Kg\nu1=hg-((P*vg)/10**3)   #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg       \nh1=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)    #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nvsup=vg*(tsup/ts)      #Volume of superheated steam in m**3/Kg\nu2=h1-((P*v)/10**3)    #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of wet steam= \",round(v,5),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",round(u,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of dry & saturated steam= \",hg,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of dry & saturated steam= \",v1,\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",u1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",round(h1,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of superheated steam= \",round(vsup,3),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",round(u2,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet steam=  2663.642 KJ/Kg\nVolume of wet steam=  0.15348 m**3/Kg\nInternal Energy=  2479.47 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of dry & saturated steam=  2782.7 KJ/Kg\nVolume of dry & saturated steam=  0.1632 m**3/Kg\nInternal Energy=  2586.8599999999997 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of superheated steam=  3155.3 KJ/Kg\nVolume of superheated steam=  0.221 m**3/Kg\nInternal Energy=  2971.1 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:191"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=10*10**5                  #Pressure of steam in bar\ntsup1=300+273                #Temperature of steam n degree celsius   \nP2=1.4*10**5                 #Internal energy of steam\nx2=0.8                       #Dryness fraction\nCps=2.3\n#from steam table properties of saturated steam (temp basis) \n#at 25 degree celsius and at 10 bar(pressure basis)\nts1=179.9+273\nvf=0.001127                  #In m**3/Kg \nvg=0.1943                    #In m**3/Kg \nhf=762.6                     #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2013.6                   #In KJ/Kg\nhg1=2776.2                   #In KJ/Kg\n#at 1.4 bar\nts=109.3                     #In degree celsius\nvf1=0.001051                 #In m**3/Kg \nvg1=1.2363                   #In m**3/Kg \nhf1=458.4                    #In KJ/Kg\nhfg1=2231.9                  #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2690.3                    #In KJ/Kg\n\n#calculation\nh1=hg1+Cps*(tsup1-ts1)       #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nv1=vg*(tsup1/ts1)            #Volume of superheated steam in m**3/Kg\nu1=h1-((P1*v1)/10**3)        #Internal energy in KJ/Kg\nh2=hf1+x2*hfg1               #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nVwet=(1-x2)*vf1+x2*vg1       #Volume of wet steam in m**3/Kg\nu2=h2-((P2*Vwet)/10**3)      #Internal energy in KJ/Kg\nDeltaU=u1-u2                 #Change of Internal energy in KJ/Kg\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of superheated steam= \",round(v1,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy= \",round(u1,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Volume of wet steam= \",round(Vwet,5),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy= \",round(u2,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change of Internal energy= \",round(DeltaU,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam=  3052.43 KJ/Kg\nVolume of superheated steam=  0.2458 m**3/Kg\nInternal energy=  2806.6 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  2243.92 KJ/Kg\nVolume of wet steam=  0.98925 m**3/Kg\nInternal energy=  2105.4 KJ/Kg\nChange of Internal energy=  701.2 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No:193"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP=15                         #Absolute pressure\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nts=198.3+273                 #In degree celsius   \nSf=2.3145                    #In KJ/KgK\nSfg=4.1261                   #In KJ/KgK\nSg=6.4406                    #In KJ/KgK\ntsup=300+273\nCps=2.3\nx=0.8\n\n#calculation\nS=Sf+x*Sfg                    #Entropy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nS1=Sg                         #Entropy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nS2=Sg+Cps*(math.log(tsup/ts)) #Entropy of superheated steam in  KJ/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Entropy of wet steam\",round(S,3),\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Entropy of dry and saturated steam\",S1,\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Entropy of superheated steam\",round(S2,2),\" KJ/Kg\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Entropy of wet steam 5.615  KJ/Kg\nEntropy of dry and saturated steam 6.4406  KJ/Kg\nEntropy of superheated steam 6.89  KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No:194"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\n#Input data\nimport math\nm=1.5                  #Entropy of the steam\nP=10*10**5             #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table properties of saturated steam \n#(pressure basis)at 10 bar\nts=179.9+273           #Indegree celsius\nvf=0.001127            #In m**3/Kg\nvg=0.1943              #In m**3/Kg\nhf=762.6               #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2013.6             #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2776.2              #In KJ/Kg\nSf=2.1382              #In KJ/KgK\nSfg=4.4446             #In KJ/KgK\nSg=6.5828              #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\ntsup=250+273\n\n\n#Calculation\n#(1)Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam \n\nh=hg                   #Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam \nEODS=hg*m              #Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of dry and saturated steam \nv=vg                   #volume of dry and saturated steam\nu=h-((P*v)/10**3)      #Internal Energy\nIES=u*m                #Internal energy of the steam\ns=6.5858               #Entropy of dry and saturated steam\nEODSS=s*m              #Entropy of 1.5Kg dry and saturated steam\nx=0.75\n#(2)Enthalpy of wet steam\nh1=hf+x*hfg            #Enthalpy of wet steam\nEWS=h1*m               #Enthalpy of1.5Kg of wet steam\nVwet=x*vg              #Volume of steam\nu1=h1-((P*Vwet)/10**3) #Internal energy \nIES1=u1*m              #Internal energy of1.5Kg of the steam\ns1=Sf+x*Sfg            #Entropy of wet steam\nEWS1=s1*m              #Entropy of1.5Kg of wet steam\n\n#(3)Enthalpy of superheated steam\nh2=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)    #Enthalpy of superheated steam\nEOSHS=h2*m             #Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam\nVsup=vg*(tsup/ts)      #Volume of superheated steam\nu2=h2-((P*Vsup)/10**3) #Internal energy\nIES2=u2*m              #Internal energy of 1.5Kg of the steam\ns2=Sg+Cps*(math.log(tsup/ts))#Entropy of superheated steam\nEOSHS1=s2*m            #Entropy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam=  \",h,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of dry and saturated steam=  \",round(EODS,2),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"volume of dry and saturated steam=  \",v,\"m**3/kg\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy=  \",round(u,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of the steam=  \",round(IES,2),\"kJ\")\nprint(\"Entropy of dry and saturated steam = \",s,\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy of 1.5kg of dry and saturated steam=  \",EODSS,\"KJ/K\")\n\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam=  \",round(h1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of1.5Kg of wet steam=  \",EWS,\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Volume of steam= \",Vwet,\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy=   \",u1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=  \",round(IES1,2),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Entropy of wet steam=  \",round(s1,2),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy of 1.5Kg of wet steam=  \",EWS1,\"KJ/K\")\n\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=  \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=  \",round(EOSHS,1),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Volume of superheated steam= \",round(Vsup,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy=  \",round(u2,4),\"\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=  \",round(IES2,1),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Entropy of superheated steam=  \",round(s2,4),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=  \",round(EOSHS1,2),\"KJ/K\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of dry and saturated steam=   2776.2 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of 1.5Kg of dry and saturated steam=   4164.3 KJ\nvolume of dry and saturated steam=   0.1943 m**3/kg\nInternal Energy=   2581.9 KJ/Kg\nInternal energy of the steam=   3872.85 kJ\nEntropy of dry and saturated steam =  6.5858 KJ/KgK\nEntropy of 1.5kg of dry and saturated steam=   9.8787 KJ/K\nEnthalpy of wet steam=   2272.8 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of1.5Kg of wet steam=   3409.2 KJ\nVolume of steam=  0.145725 m**3/Kg\nInternal energy=    2127.075 KJ/Kg\nInternal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=   3190.61 KJ\nEntropy of wet steam=   5.47 KJ/KgK\nEntropy of 1.5Kg of wet steam=   8.207475 KJ/K\nEnthalpy of superheated steam=   2937.43 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=   4406.1 KJ\nVolume of superheated steam=  0.2244 m**3/Kg\ninternal energy=   2713.0562 \nInternal energy of1.5Kg of the steam=   4069.6 KJ\nEntropy of superheated steam=   6.9138 KJ/KgK\nEntropy of 1.5Kg of superheated steam=   10.37 KJ/K\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 31
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:196"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=0.04                  #Volume of vessel in m**3 \nx=1\nt=250+273               #Saturated steam temp in degree celsius\nmw=9                    #Mass of liquid in Kg\n#From steam table(temp basis,at t=250)\nP=39.78*10**5               #in bar\nVf=0.001251             #In m**3/kg\nVg=0.05004              #In m**3/Kg\nhf=1085.7               #KJ/Kg\nhfg=2800.4              #KJ/Kg\nhg=1714.7               #KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nVw=mw*Vf                #Volume occupied by water in m**3\nVs=V-Vw                 #Volume of waterin m**3\nms=Vs/Vg                #Volume of dry and saturated steam in Kg \nm=mw+ms                 #Total mass of steam in Kg\nx=ms/(ms+mw)            #Dryness fraction of steam \nVwet=(1-x)*Vf+x*Vg      #Specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nh=hf+x*hfg              #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nEOWS=h*m                #Enthalpy of 9.574 Kg of wet steam KJ\nu=h-((P*Vwet)/10**3)    #Internal Energy in KJ/Kg\nIEOS=u*m                #Internal energy of 9.574 Kg of steam in KJ\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Volume occupied by water= \",round(Vw,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"Volume of water= \",round(Vs,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"Volume of dry and saturated steam=  \",round(ms,3),\"Kg \")\nprint(\"Total mass of steam= \",round(m,3),\"Kg\")\nprint(\"Dryness fraction of steam= \",round(x,2),)\nprint(\"Specific volume of steam= \",round(Vwet,6),\" m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(h,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of 9.574 Kg of wet steam= \",round(EOWS,),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Internal Energy= \",round(u,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Internal energy of 9.574 Kg of steam= \",round(IEOS),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Volume occupied by water=  0.01126 m**3\nVolume of water=  0.02874 m**3\nVolume of dry and saturated steam=   0.574 Kg \nTotal mass of steam=  9.574 Kg\nDryness fraction of steam=  0.06\nSpecific volume of steam=  0.004178  m**3/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  1253.7 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of 9.574 Kg of wet steam=  12003 KJ\nInternal Energy=  1237.1 KJ/Kg\nInternal energy of 9.574 Kg of steam=  11844 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 40
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:197"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input Data\nP=7                 #Absolute pressure in bar\nt=200               #Absolute temperature\nts=165              #In degree celsius from steam table\n\n#Calculation\ndos=t-ts            #Degree of superheat in degree celcius\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Degree of superheat= \",dos,\"degree celcius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Degree of superheat=  35 degree celcius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 42
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 15 Page No:197"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15          #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nh=1950       #In KJ/Kg\nts=198.3     #In degreee celsius\nhf=844.7     #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2   #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9    #In KJ/Kg\n\n#calculation\nx=((h-hf)/hfg)  #Enthalpy of wet steam\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(x,3),\"\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet steam=  0.568 \n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 16 Page No:197"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15                      #Absolute pressure in bar\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar)\nh=3250                    #In KJ/Kg\nts=198.3                  #In degree celsius   \nhf=844.7                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2                #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                 #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n#Calculation\ntsup=(h-hg+(Cps*ts))/2.3 #Enthalpy of superheated steam in degree celsius\ndos=tsup-ts              #Degree of superheated in degree celsius          \n                         ##The value of ts in not used according to data in book instead of ts=198.3 author used ts=165\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=  \",round(tsup,2),\"degree celcius\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheated=  \",round(dos,2),\"degree celcius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam=   398.34 degree celcius\nDegree of superheated=   200.04 degree celcius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 17 Page No:198"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=7                  #Absolute pressure in bar\nv=0.2                #Specific volume in m**3/Kg\n#from steam table (pressure basis at 7 bar) \nts=165               #In degree celsius\nvf=0.001108          #In m**3/Kg\nvg=0.2727            #In m**3/Kg\n\n#calculation\nx=v/vg               #Volume of steam dryness fraction\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Volume of steam dryness fraction= \",round(x,3),)",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Volume of steam dryness fraction=  0.733\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 18 Page No:198"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=7                             #Absolute pressure in bar\nv=0.3                           #Specific volume in m**3/Kg\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 7 bar)\nts=165+273                      #In degree celsius\nvf=0.001108                     #In m**3/Kg\nvg=0.2727                       #In m**3/Kg\n\n#Calculation\n#v=vg*tsup/ts\ntsup=((v/vg)*ts)-273            #Temp of superheated steam  in degree celsius\nDOS=tsup+273-ts                 #Degree of superheated  in degree celsius\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Temp of superheated steam= \",round(tsup,2),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheated=  \",round(DOS,2),\"degree celsius\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Temp of superheated steam=  208.85 degree celsius\nDegree of superheated=   43.85 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 19 Page No:198"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=2        #steam of vessel in Kg\nV=0.1598   #volume of vessel in M**3\nP=25       #Absolute pressure of vessel in bar\n\n#Calculation\nv=V/m      #Quality of steam in m**3/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Quality of steam\",v,\" m**3/Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Quality of steam 0.0799  m**3/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 20 Page No:200"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=10*10**2                #Absolute pressure in bar\nx1=0.9                    #Dryness enters\ntsup2=300+273             #Temperature in degree celsius \n#From steam table at 10 bar\nts=179.9+273              #In degree celsius\nVg=0.1943                 #In m**3/Kg\nhf=762.6                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2013.6                #InK/Kg\nhg=2776.2                 #In KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x1*hfg              #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nV1=x1*Vg                  #Initial specific volume of steam\nu1=h1-P*V1                #Initial internal energy of steam in KJ/Kg\nh2=hg+Cps*(tsup2-ts)      #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nV2=Vg*(tsup2/ts)          #Final specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nu2=h2-P*V2                #Final internal energy of steam in KJ/K\ndeltah=h2-h1              #Heat gained by steam in KJ/Kg\ndeltaU=(u2-u1)            #Change in internal energy in KJ/Kg\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial specific volume of steam= \",V1,)\nprint(\"Initial internal energy of steam= \",round(u1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",h2,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final specific volume of steam= \",round(V2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final internal energy of steam= \",round(u2,3),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Heat gained by steam= \",round(deltah,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change in internal energy=  \",round(deltaU,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial enthalpy of steam=  2574.84 KJ/Kg\nInitial specific volume of steam=  0.17487\nInitial internal energy of steam=  2399.97 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  3052.43 KJ/Kg\nFinal specific volume of steam=  0.2458 m**3/Kg\nFinal internal energy of steam=  2806.606 KJ/Kg\nHeat gained by steam=  477.59 KJ/Kg\nChange in internal energy=   406.64 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 58
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 21 Page No:201"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=4                        #Steam in Kg\nP=13                       #Absolute pressure in bar\ntsup1=450                  #Absolute temp in degree celsius \ndeltaH=2.8*10**3           #loses in MJ\n#from steam table at 13 bar\nts=191.6                   #In degree celsius\nVg=0.1511                  #In m**3/Kg\nhf=814.7                   #In m**3/Kg\nhfg=1970.7                 #In  KJ/Kg\nhg=2785.4                  #In KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hg+Cps*(tsup1-ts)       #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nDeltah=deltaH/m            #Change in enthalpy/unit mass in KJ/Kg\nh2=h1-Deltah               #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nx2=(h2-hf)/hfg             #wet & dryness fraction\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",round(h1,2),\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change in enthalpy/unit mass= \",Deltah,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"wet & dryness fraction= \",round(x2,4),)",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial enthalpy of steam=  3379.72  KJ/Kg\nChange in enthalpy/unit mass=  700.0 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  2679.72 KJ/Kg\nwet & dryness fraction=  0.9464\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 63
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 22 Page No:202"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=2                           #Steam in Kg\nx=0.7                         #Initial dryness \nP=15                          #Constant pressure in bar\n#V2=2V1\n#from steam table properties of\n#saturated steam(pressure basis) at 15 bar\nTs=198.3+273                  #In degree celsius \nVg=0.1317                     #In m**3/Kg\nhf=844.7                      #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2                    #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                     #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n#Calculation\nV1=x*Vg                       #Initial specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nV2=2*V1                       #Final specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nTsup=(V2/Vg)*Ts               #Steam is superheated in degree celsius \nFSS=Tsup-Ts                   #Degree of superheated in degree celsius\nh1=hf+x*hfg                   #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nh2=hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts)           #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg \nQ=(h2-h1)*m                   #Heat transferred in the process in KJ\nW1=P*(m*V2-m*V1)              #Work transferred in the process in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial specific volume of steam= \",round(V1,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final specific volume of steam= \",round(V2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Steam is superheated=  \",round(Tsup,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheated= \",round(FSS,2),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Heat transferred in the process= \",round(Q,2),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Work transferred in the process= \",round(W1,3),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial specific volume of steam=  0.0922 m**3/Kg\nFinal specific volume of steam=  0.1844 m**3/Kg\nSteam is superheated=   659.82 K\nDegree of superheated=  188.52 degree celsius\nInitial enthalpy of steam=  2206.34 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  3223.5 KJ/Kg\nHeat transferred in the process=  2034.31 KJ\nWork transferred in the process=  2.766 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 23 Page No:203"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=1000                      #Steam in Kg/h       \nP=16                         #Absolute pressure in bar\nx2=0.9                       #Steam is dry \nt1=30+273                    #temperature in degree celsius\ntsup=380                     #tmperature rised in degree celsius                                                            \n                    \n#from steam table(pressure basis at 16 bar)\nh1=125.7                     #in KJ/Kg\nts=201.4                     #In degree celsius\nhf=858.5                     #in kJ/Kg\nhfg=1933.2                   #in kJ/Kg\nhg=2791.7                    #in kJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n#Calculation       \nh2=hf+x2*hfg                 #Final enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg \nQ1=(ms*(h2-h1))*10**-3       #Constant pressure process in KJ/h \nh3=hg+Cps*(tsup-ts)          #Final enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/g\nQ2=(ms*(h3-h2))*10**-3       #Suprheated steam in KJ/h\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(h2,1),\"KJ/Kg \")\nprint(\"Constant pressure process= \",round(Q1,1),\" KJ/h \")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of superheated steam= \",round(h3,1),\" KJ/g\")\nprint(\"Suprheated steam= \",round(Q2,1),\"KJ/h\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Final enthalpy of wet steam=  2598.4 KJ/Kg \nConstant pressure process=  2472.7  KJ/h \nFinal enthalpy of superheated steam=  3202.5  KJ/g\nSuprheated steam=  604.1 KJ/h\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 24 Page No:204"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nFB=15                    #First boiler in bar\nSB=15                    #Second boiler in bar\ntsup1=300                #Temperature of the steam in degree celsius\ntsup2=200                #Temperature of the steam in degree celsius\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 15 bar )\nts=198.3                 #In degree celsius                \nhf=844.7                 #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2               #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                #In KJ/I\n\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hg+Cps*(tsup1-ts)     #Enthalpy of steam of first boiler in KJ/Kg \nh3=hg+Cps*(tsup2-ts)     #Enthalpy of steam in steam main in KJ/Kg\nh2=2*h3-h1               #Energy balance in KJ/Kg\nx2=(h2-hf)/hfg           #Enthalpy of wet steam\n\n#OUTPUT\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam of first boiler= \",round(h1,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam in steam main= \",round(h3,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Energy balance= \",round(h2,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(x2,3),)\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of steam of first boiler=  3023.8 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of steam in steam main=  2793.8 KJ/Kg\nEnergy balance=  2563.8 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  0.884\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 25 Page No:205"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=0.35                     #Capacity of vessel in m**3\nP1=10*10**2                #Absolute pressure in bar\ntsup1=250+273              #Absolute temperature in degree celsius \nP2=2.5*102                 #Absolute pressure in the vessel fall in bar\n\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 10 bar)\nts1=179.9+273              #In degree celsius \nVg1=0.1943                 #In m**3/Kg\nhf1=762.6                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg1=2013.6                #In KJ/Kg\nhg1=2776.2                 #In KJ/Kg\n\n#From steam table(pressure basis at 2.5 bar)\nV2=0.2247                  #In m**3/Kg\nts2=127.4                  #In degree celsius\nVg2=0.7184                 #In m**3/Kg\nhf2=535.3                  #In KJ/Kg\nhfg2=2181.0                #In KJ/Kg\nhg2=2716.4                 #In KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nV1=Vg1*(tsup1/ts1)         #Initial specific volume of steam in m**3/Kg\nm=V/V1                     #Initial mass of steam in Kg\nx2=V2/Vg2                  #Final condition of wet steam\nh1=hg1+Cps*(tsup1-ts1)     #Initial enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nu1=h1-P1*V1                #Initial internal energy of steam in KJ/Kg\nh2=hf2+x2*hfg2             #Final enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\nu2=h2-P2*V2                #Final internal energy of steam in KJ/Kg\ndeltaU=(u2-u1)*m           #Change in internal energy in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Initial specific volume of steam= \",round(V1,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial mass of steam= \",round(m,4),\"Kg\")\nprint(\"Final condition of wet steam= \",round(x2,4),)\nprint(\"Initial enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial internal energy of steam= \",round(u1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final enthalpy of steam= \",round(h2,1),\" KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final internal energy of steam= \",round(u2,3),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Change in internal energy= \",round(deltaU,1),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Initial specific volume of steam=  0.2244 m**3/Kg\nInitial mass of steam=  1.5599 Kg\nFinal condition of wet steam=  0.3128\nInitial enthalpy of steam=  2937.43 KJ/Kg\nInitial internal energy of steam=  2713.06 KJ/Kg\nFinal enthalpy of steam=  1217.5  KJ/Kg\nFinal internal energy of steam=  1160.171 KJ/Kg\nChange in internal energy=  -2422.3 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 26 Page No:207"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nm=1.5                          #Saturated steam in Kg\nx1=1                           \nx2=0.6  \nP1=5*10**5                     #Absolute  pressure in bar\n#From steam table at pressure basis 5 bar\nhg1=2747.5                     #In KJ/Kg\nVg1=0.3747                     #In m**3/Kg\nV1=0.3747                      #In m**3/Kg\nV2=0.3747                      #In m**3/Kg\n#From steam table at Vg2 is 2.9 bar\nP2=2.9*10**5                   #Absolute pressure in bar \nt2=132.4                       #In degree celsius \nhf2=556.5                      #In KJ/Kg\nhfg2=2166.6                    #In KJ/Kg\n\n\n    \n#Calculation\nVg2=V2/x2                       #Constant volume process in m**3/Kg\nu1=hg1-((P1*Vg1)/1000)          #Initial internal energy in KJ/Kg\nu2=(hf2+x2*hfg2)-((P2*V2)/1000) #Final internal energy in KJ\ndeltaU=(u1-u2)*m                #Heat supplied in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Constant volume process= \",round(Vg2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Initial internal energy= \",u1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Final internal energy= \",round(u2,1),\"KJ\")\nprint(\"Heat supplied= \",round(deltaU,2),\"KJ\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Constant volume process=  0.6245 m**3/Kg\nInitial internal energy=  2560.15 KJ/Kg\nFinal internal energy=  1747.8 KJ\nHeat supplied=  1218.53 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 27 Page No:208"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=20            #Initial steam in bar\nx1=0.95          #dryness throttled\nP2=1.2           #Absolute pressure in bar\n\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 20 bar)\nts=212.4         #In degree celsius\nhf=908.6         #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1888.6       #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2797.2        #In KJ/Kg\n#From steam table (pressure basis at 1.2 bar)\nh2=h1            #In KJ/Kg\nts2=104.8        #In degree celsius\nhf2=439.3        #In KJ/Kg\nhfg2=2244.1      #In KJ/Kg\nhg2=2683.4       #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\n\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x1*hfg     #Enthalpy of steam in KJ/Kg\ntsup2=((h1-hg2)/Cps)+ts2 #Enthalpy of wet steam in degree celsius\nDOS=tsup2-ts2    #Degree of superheat in degree celsius\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(tsup2,2),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Degree of superheat= \",round(DOS,2),\"degree celsius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of steam=  2702.77 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  113.22 degree celsius\nDegree of superheat=  8.42 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 28 Page No:209"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=12           #Throttled steam\nx1=0.96         #Dryness is brottled\nx2=1            #Constant enthalpy process\n#From steam table at12 bar\nts=188          #In degree celsius\nhf=798.4        #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3      #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7       #In KJ/Kg\n\n\n#Calculation\nh1=hf+x1*hfg    #Enthalpy of the steam  in KJ/Kg    \nh2=h1           #Enthalpy after throttling in KJ/Kg   \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of the steam=  \",round(h1,2),\"KJ/Kg \")\nprint(\"Enthalpy after throttlin= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg \")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of the steam=   2703.33 KJ/Kg \nEnthalpy after throttlin=  2703.33 KJ/Kg \n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 29 Page No:210"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP1=15                         #Initial steam in bar\ntsup1=250+273                 #Temperature of steam in degree celsius\nP2=0.5                        #Steam turbine in bar\n\n#From steam table at 15 bar\nts1=198.3+273                 #In degree celsius \nhg1=2789.9                    #In KJ/Kg\nsf1=2.3145                    #In KJ/KgK\nsfg1=4.1261                   #In KJ/KgK\nsg1=6.4406                    #In KJ/KgK\n#From steam table at 0.5 bar\nts2=81.53                     #In degree celsius \nsf2=1.0912                    #In KJ/Kg\nsfg2=6.5035                   #In KJ/Kg\nsg2=7.5947                    #In KJ/Kg\nhf2=340.6\nCps=2.3\nhfg2=2646\n\n#Calculation\nS1=sg1+Cps*(math.log(tsup1/ts1)) #Entropy  of superheated steam in KJ/KgK\nS2=S1                            #Entropy after isentropic processes in KJ/KgK\nx2=(S2-sf2)/sfg2                 #Enthalpy of wet steam \nh1=hg1+Cps*(tsup1-ts1)           #Enthalpy of steam at 15 bar\nh2=hf2+x2*hfg2                   #Enthalpy of wet steam at 0.5 bar\nWOT=h1-h2                        #Work output of the turbine\n\n#OUTPUT\nprint(\"Entropy  of superheated steam=  \",round(S1,2),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Entropy after isentropic processes= \",round(S2,2),\"KJ/KgK\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(x2,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of steam= \",h1,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam= \",round(h2,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Work output of the turbine= \",round(WOT,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Entropy  of superheated steam=   6.68 KJ/KgK\nEntropy after isentropic processes=  6.68 KJ/KgK\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  0.86 \nEnthalpy of steam=  2908.81 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of wet steam=  2614.45 KJ/Kg\nwork output of the turbine=  294.36 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_11_Steam_Boilers_SK6w1sK.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_11_Steam_Boilers_SK6w1sK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index c54249bd..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_11_Steam_Boilers_SK6w1sK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,482 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 11 Steam Boilers"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 11 Steam Boilers"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:228"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=5000                 #Boiler produces wet steam in Kg/h\nx=0.95                  #Dryness function\nP=10                    #Operating pressure in bar\nmf=5500                 #Bour in the furnace in Kg\nTw=40                   #Feed water temp in degree celsius\n\n#calculation\n#from steam table\nhfw=167.45              #In KJ/Kg\nhf=762.61               #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2031.6              #In KJ/Kg\nhs=(hf+x*hfg)           #Enthalpy of wet stream in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                #Mass of evaporation\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/(2257))*10 #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\n\n#output\n\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet stream=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Mass of evaporation=\",round(me,2),)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet stream= 2692.63 KJ/Kg\nMass of evaporation= 0.91\nEquivalent evaporation= 10.17 Kg/Kg of coal\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:229"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\np=14                            #Boiler pressure in bar\nme=9                            #Evaporates of water in Kg\nTw=35                           #Feed water entering in degree celsius\nx=0.9                           #Steam stop value\nCV=35000                        #Calorific value  of the coal\n\n#Calculation\n#From Steam Table\nhfw=146.56                      #In KJ/Kg\nhf=830.07                       #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1957.7                      #In KJ/Kg\nhs=hf+x*hfg                     #Enthalpy of wet stream in KJ/Kg\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)          #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100#Boiler efficiency in %\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet stream=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet stream= 2592.0 KJ/Kg\nEquivalent evaporation= 9.75 Kg/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency= 62.88 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:228"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=2500                          #Saturated steam per bour in Kg\nx=1         \nP=15                             #Boiler pressure in bar\nTw=25                            #Feed water entering in degree celsius \nmf=350                           #Coal burnt in Kg/bour\nCV=32000                         #Calorific value in Kj/Kg \n\n#calculation\n#steam table\nhfw=104.77                       #In KJ/Kg\nhf=844.66                        #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2                       #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                        #In KJ/Kg\nhs=2789.9                        #Enthalpy of dry steam in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                         #mass of evaporation \nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)           #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg ofcoal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100 #Boiler efficiency in %\n\n#Output\nprint(\"mass of evaporation=\",round(me,3),)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg ofcoal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "mass of evaporation= 7.143\nEquivalent evaporation= 8.5 Kg/Kg ofcoal\nBoiler efficiency= 59.94 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:231"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nmf=500                          #Boiler plant consumes of coal in Kg/h\nCV=32000                        #Calorific value in Kj/Kg\nms=3200                         #plant generates in Kg/h\nP=1.2                           #Absolute pressure MN/m**2\nMN=12                           \nTsup=300                        #Absolute temperature in degree celsius\nTw=35                           #Feed water temperature\nCps=2.3\n\n#calculation\nhfw=146.56                      #In KJ/Kg\nTs=187.96                       #In Degree celsius\nhf=798.43                       #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3                      #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7                       #In KJ/Kg\nhs=hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts)             #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                        #mass of evaporation \nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)          #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg ofcoal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100#Boiler efficiency in %\n  \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"mass of evaporation=\",me,)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,1),\"Kg/Kg ofcoal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n    \n\n    \n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam= 3040.39 KJ/Kg\nmass of evaporation= 6.4\nEquivalent evaporation= 8.2 Kg/Kg ofcoal\nBoiler efficiency 57.88 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:232"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=5000                           #Steam generted in Kg/h\nmf=700                            #Coal burnt in Kg/h \nCV=31402                          #Cv of coal in KJ/Kg\nx=0.92                            #quality of steam\nP=1.2                             #Boiler pressure in MPa\nTw=45                             #Feed water temperature in degree celsius\n\n\n#calculation\nhfw=188.35                        #In KJ/Kg\nhf=798.43                         #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3                        #In KJ/Kg\nhs=hf+x*hfg                       #Enthalpy of wet stream in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                          #mass of evaporation \nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)            #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100  #Boiler efficiency in %\n\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet stream=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"mass of evaporation=\",round(me,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,1),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n  \n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet stream= 2623.99 KJ/Kg\nmass of evaporation= 7.14 \nEquivalent evaporation= 7.7 Kg/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency= 55.4 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:233"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=6000                   #Boiler produce of steam Kg/h\nP=25                      #Boiler pressure in bar\nTsup=350                  #Boiler temperature in degree celsius\nTw=40                     #Feed water temperature indegree celsius\nCV=42000                  #Calorific value in Kj/Kg\netaboiler=75/100          #Expected thermal efficiency in %\n\n\n#Calculation\nhfw=167.45                #In KJ/Kg\nTs=223.94                 #In degree celsius  \nhf=961.96                 #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1839.0                #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2800.9                 #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\nhs=((hg)+(Cps)*(Tsup-Ts))         #Enthalpy of superheated steam KJ/Kg\nmf=((ms*(hs-hfw))/(CV*etaboiler)) #Boiler efficiency in %\nme=ms/mf                          #Equivalent mass of evaporation\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)            #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of oil\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(mf,1),\"%\")\nprint(\"Equivalent mass of evaporation=\",round(me,3),)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of oil\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam= 3090.838 KJ/Kg\nBoiler efficiency= 556.8 %\nEquivalent mass of evaporation= 10.775\nEquivalent evaporation= 13.96 Kg/Kg of oil\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:234"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nE=12                        #Boiler found steam in Kg/Kg\nCV=35000                    #Calorific value in KJ/Kg\nms=15000                    #Boiler produces in Kg/h\nP=20                        #Boiler pressure in bar\nTw=40                       #Feed water in degree celsius\nmf=1800                     #Fuel consumption\n\n\n#calculation\n#R=me(hs-hfw)\nhfw=167.45                  #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2797.2                   #In KJ/Kg\nTs=211.37                   #In degree celsius\nCps=2.3\nR=E*2257                    #Equivalent evaporation in KJ/Kg of coal\netaboiler=(R/CV)*100        #Boiler efficiency in %\nme=ms/mf                    #Equivalent mass evaporation in KJ/Kg of coal                   \nhs=(R/me)+hfw               # In KJ/Kg\nTsup=((hs-hg)/Cps)+Ts       #Enthalpy of superheated steam in degree celsius\n\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",R,\"KJ/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"Equivalent mass evaporation=\",round(me,2),\"KJ/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"hs=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",round(Tsup,2),\"degree celsius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Equivalent evaporation= 27084 KJ/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency= 77.38 %\nEquivalent mass evaporation= 8.33 KJ/Kg of coal\nhs= 3417.53 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of superheated steam= 481.08 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:236"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=6000                           #Steam generated in Kg/h\nmf=700                            #Coal burnt in Kg/h\nCV=31500                          #Cv of coal in KJ/Kg\nx=0.92                            #Dryness in fraction of steam\nP=12                              #Boiler pressure in bar\nTsup=259                          #Temperature of steam in degree celsius\nTw=45                             #Hot well temperature in degree celsius\n\n#calculation\nhfw=188.35                        #In KJ/Kg\nTs=187.96                         #In degree celsius\nhf=798.43                         #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3                        #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7                         #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3                           \nme=ms/mf                          #Equivalent mass evaporation\nhs=hf+x*hfg                       #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)            #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\nhs1=(hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts))            #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nE1=((me*(hs1-hfw))/2257)          #Equivalent evaporation(with superheater) in Kg/Kg of coal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100  #Boiler efficiency without superheater in %\netaboiler1=((me*(hs1-hfw))/CV)*100#Boiler efficiency with superheater in %\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Equivalent mass evaporation=\",round(me,2),)\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",round(hs1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation(with superheater)=\",round(E1,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency without superheater=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency without superheater=\",round(etaboiler1,2),\"%\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Equivalent mass evaporation= 8.57\nEnthalpy of wet steam= 2623.986 KJ/Kg\nEquivalent evaporation= 9.25 Kg/Kg of coal\nEnthalpy of superheated steam= 2946.09 KJ/Kg\nEquivalent evaporation(with superheater)= 10.47 Kg/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency without superheater= 66.28 %\nBoiler efficiency without superheater= 75.04 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:237"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15                             #Boiler produces steam in bar\nTsup=250                         #Boiler temperature in degree celsius \nTw=35                            #Feed water in degree celsius\nMWh=1.5                          #steam supplied to the turbine\nCV=32000                         #Coal of calorific value in KJ/Kg\netaboiler=80/100                 #Thermal efficiency in %\nfr=210                           #Firing rate in Kg/m**2/h\n#From steam table(temp basis at 35 degree celsius)\nhfw=146.56                       #In KJ/Kg\nTs=198.29                        #In degree celsius\nhfg=1945.2                       #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                        #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3 \n\n\n#calculator\nhs=hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts)               #Enthalpy of superheated steam(with superheater) in KJ/Kg\nms=9000/MWh                       #Steam rate in Kg/MWh\nmf=((ms*(hs-hfw))/(etaboiler*CV)) #Mass of steam consumption in Kg/h\nGA=mf/fr                          #Grate rate in m**2\n\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam(with superheater)=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Steam rate=\",ms,\"Kg/h\")\nprint(\"ass of steam consumption=\",round(mf,1),\"Kg/h\")\nprint(\"Grate rate=\",round(GA,3),\"m**2\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam(with superheater)= 2908.833 KJ/Kg\nSteam rate= 6000.0 Kg/h\nass of steam consumption= 647.4 Kg/h\nGrate rate= 3.083 m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:242"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nma=18            #Boileruses of per Kg of fuel in Kg/Kg\nhw=25*10**-3     #Chimney height to produce draught in mm\nTg=315+273       #Temperature of chimney gases in degree celsius \nTa=27+273        #Out side air temp in degree celsius\n\n#Calculation\n#Draught produce in terms of water column in m\nH=(hw/(353*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma))))*1000\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Draught produce in terms of water column=\",round(H,2),\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Draught produce in terms of water column= 46.04 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No:242"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=40                             #High discharge in m\nma=19                            #Fuel gases per Kg of fuel burnt\nTg=220+273                       #Average temp of fuel gases in degree celsius\nTa=25+273                        #Ambient temperature in degreee celsius\n\n\n#calculation\nhw=353*H*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma)) #Draught produce in terms of water column in mm\nH1=H*((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1)     #Draught produce in terms of hot gas column in m\n\n#output\nprint(\"Draught produce in terms of water column=\",round(hw,2),\"mm\")\nprint(\"Draught produce in terms of hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Draught produce in terms of water column= 17.23 mm\nDraught produce in terms of hot gas column= 22.87 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No:243"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=27                                #Chimney height in m\nhw=15                        #Draught produces of water column in mm\nma=21                               #Gases formed per Kg of fuel burnt in Kg/Kg\nTa=25+273                           #Temperature of the ambient air in degree celsius\n\n\n#calculation\nTg=-(((ma+1)/ma)/((hw/(353*H))-(1/Ta))) #Mean temperature of fuel gases in K\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Mean temperature of fuel gases\",Tg,\"k\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Mean temperature of fuel gases 587.9248031162673 k\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:244"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nhw=20                   #Static draught of water in mm\nH=50                    #Chimney height in m\nTg=212+273              #Temperature of the fuel degree celsius\nTa=27+273               #Atmospheric air in degree celsius\n\n#calculation\nma=(-((hw/(353*H))-Ta*Tg))*10**-4   #Air-fuel ratio in Kg/Kg of fuel burnt-3\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Air-fuel ratio\",round(ma,1),\"Kg/Kg of fuel burnt\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Air-fuel ratio 14.5 Kg/Kg of fuel burnt\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:245"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nH=24            #Chimney height in m\nTa=25+273       #Ambient temperature in degree celsius\nTg=300+273      #Temperature of fuel gases in degree celsius\nma=20           #Combustion space of fuel burnt in Kg/Kgof fuel\ng=9.81 \n\n\n#calculation\nhw=((353*H)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma))))#Theoretical draught in millimeters of water in mm\nH1=H*((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1)              #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\nH2=H1-9.975                               #Draught lost in friction at the grate and passage in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H2)                       #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught in millimeters of water=\",round(hw,2),\"mm\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught lost in friction at the grate and passage=\",round(H2,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(V,),\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught in millimeters of water= 12.9 mm\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 19.95 m\nDraught lost in friction at the grate and passage= 9.975 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 14 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 15 Page No:246"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nH=38                          #Stack height in m\nd=1.8                         #Stack diameter discharge in m\nma=17                         #Fuel gases per Kg of fuel burnt Kg/Kg\nTg=277+273                    #Average temperature of fuel gases in degree celsius\nTa=27+273                     #Temperature of outside air in degree celsius\nh1=0.4                        #Theoretical draught is lost in friction in \ng=9.81\npi=3.142\n\n#calculation\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))#Theoretical draught produce in hot gas column in m\ngp=0.45*27.8                  #Draught lost in friction at the grate and pasage in m\nC=H1-gp                       #Actual draught produce in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*9.81*C)         #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))   #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=(rhog*((pi/4)*(d**(2))*V)) #Mass of gas flowing through the chimney in Kg/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produce in hot gas column=\",round(H1,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught lost in friction at the grate and pasage=\",gp,\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produce in hot gas column=\",round(C,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney =\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas flowing through the chimney=\",round(mg,),\"Kg/s\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produce in hot gas column= 27.8 m\nDraught lost in friction at the grate and pasage= 12.51 m\nActual draught produce in hot gas column= 15.29 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney = 17.32 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.68 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas flowing through the chimney= 30 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 16 Page No:247"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nhw=1.9           #Drauhgt water in cm\nTg=290+273       #Temp of flue gases in degree celsius \nTa=20+273        #Ambient temp in degree celsius\nma=22            #Flue gases formed in kg/Kg of coal\nd=1.8            #Fuel burnt in m\npi=3.142\ng=9.81\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/(353*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma))))*10 #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))          #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column n m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H1)                     #Velocity of tthe flue gases in the chimney in m/s \nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))             #Density  of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=rhog*((pi/4)*d**2)*V                 #Mass of gas flowing through the chimney in Kg/s\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(H,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of tthe flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Density  of flue gases=\",round(rhog,4),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas flowing through the chimney=\",round(mg,1),\"Kg/s\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 34.6 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 29 m\nVelocity of tthe flue gases in the chimney= 23.85 m\nDensity  of flue gases= 0.6555 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas flowing through the chimney= 39.8 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 28
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 17 Page No:248"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nmf=8000           #Average coal consumption in Kg/h\nma=19            #Flue gases formed in Kg/Kg\nTg=270+273       #Average temperature of the chimney in degree celsius\nTa=27+273        #Ambient temperature in degree celsius\nhw=18            #Theoretical draught produced by the chimney in mm\nh1=0.6           #Draught is lost in friction H1\ng=9.81\npi=3.142\n\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/(353*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma)))) #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1)))-1)       #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\ngp=h1*H1                             #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-gp                            #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*(hgc))             #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))          #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=((mf/3600)*ma)                    #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\nd=math.sqrt(mg/(rhog*(pi/4)*V))        #Diameter of the chimney in m\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(H,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(gp,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,3),\"Kg/s\")\nprint(\"Diameter of the chimney=\",round(d,3),\"m\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 36.6 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 26.304 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 15.78 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 10.522 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 14.37 \nDensity of flue gases= 0.684 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 42.222 Kg/s\nDiameter of the chimney= 2.338 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 18 Page No:251"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nH=24                  #Chimney height in m\nTa=25+273             #Ambient temperature in degree celsius\nTg=300+273            #Temp of flue gases passing through the chimney in degree celsius\nma=20                 #Combustion space of fuel burnt in Kg/kg of fuel\ng=9.81\n\n#calculation\nhw=((353*H)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma)))) #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\n                                           ##Calculation mistake in book of hw it is correct according to data &calculation\n\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))             #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\nH2=0.5*H1                                  #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-H2                                  #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H2)                        #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(hw,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(H2,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,),\"m/s\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 12.9 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 19.95 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 9.975 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 9.975 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 14 m/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 19 Page No:252"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=38              #Stack height in m\nd=1.8             #Stack diameter in m\nma=18             #Flue gases per kg of the fuel burnt\nTg=277+273        #Average temp of the flue gases in degree celsius\nTa=27+273         #Temperature of outside air in degree celsius\nh1=0.4            #Theorical draught is lost in friction in %\ng=9.81\n\n#calculation\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1)) #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\ngp=0.40*H1                     #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-gp                      #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*hgc)           #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))    #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=rhog*((pi/4)*d**2)*V        #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(gp,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,2),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,1),\"Kg/s\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 28.0 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 11.2 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 16.8 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 18.16 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.68 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 31.3 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 20 Page No:253"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nhw=19           #Draught produced water in cm\nTg=290+273      #Temperature of flue gases in degree celsius\nTa=20+273       #Ambient temperature  in degree celsius\nma=22           #Flue gases formed  per kg of fuel burnt in kg/kg of coal \nd=1.8           #Diameter of chimney\ng=9.81\n\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/((353)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma))))) #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))               #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H1)                          #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))                  #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=rhog*((pi/4)*d**2)*V                      #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H,),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(H1,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,4),\" Kg/m**\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,1),\"Kg/s\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 35 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 29.0 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 23.85 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.6555  Kg/m**\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 39.8 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 21 Page No:254"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nmf=8000                #Average coal consumption in m \nma=18                  #Fuel gases formed ccoal fired in m\nTg=270+273             #Average temp of the chimney of water in degree celsius\nTa=27+273              #Ambient temp in degree celsius\nhw=18                  #Theoretical draught produced by the chimney in mm\nh1=0.6                 #Draught is lost in friction in H1\ng=9.81\npi=3.142\n\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/((353)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma))))) #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))               #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\ngp=0.6*H1                                    #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-gp                                    #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m \nV=math.sqrt(2*g*hgc)                         #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))                  #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=mf/3600*(ma+1)                            #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\nd=math.sqrt(mg/(rhog*(pi/4)*V))              #Diameter of flue gases in Kg/m**3\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(H,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(gp,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,2),\"Kg/s\")\nprint(\"Diameter of flue gases=\",round(d,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 36.7 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 26.23 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 15.74 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 10.49 \nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 14.35 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.686 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 42.22 Kg/s\nDiameter of flue gases= 2.337 Kg/m**3\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 22 Page No:256"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=45          #Chimney height in m\nTg=370+273    #Temperature of flue gases in degree celsius\nT1=150+273    #Temperature of flue gases in degree celsius\nma=25         #Mass of the flue gas formed in Kg/kg of a cosl fired\nTa=35+273     #The boiler temperature in degree celsius\nCp=1.004      #fuel gas\n\n#calculation\n#Efficeincy of chimney draught in %\nA=(H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1)))-1))/(Cp*(Tg-T1))*100\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Efficeincy of chimney draught=\",round(A,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Efficeincy of chimney draught= 20.52 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_11_Steam_Boilers_YpS3PZi.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_11_Steam_Boilers_YpS3PZi.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1756a99f..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_11_Steam_Boilers_YpS3PZi.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,482 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 11 Steam Boilers"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 11 Steam Boilers"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:228"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=5000                 #Boiler produces wet steam in Kg/h\nx=0.95                  #Dryness function\nP=10                    #Operating pressure in bar\nmf=5500                 #Bour in the furnace in Kg\nTw=40                   #Feed water temp in degree celsius\n\n#calculation\n#from steam table\nhfw=167.45              #In KJ/Kg\nhf=762.61               #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2031.6              #In KJ/Kg\nhs=(hf+x*hfg)           #Enthalpy of wet stream in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                #Mass of evaporation\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/(2257))*10 #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\n\n#output\n\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet stream=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Mass of evaporation=\",round(me,2),)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet stream= 2692.63 KJ/Kg\nMass of evaporation= 0.91\nEquivalent evaporation= 10.17 Kg/Kg of coal\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:229"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\np=14                            #Boiler pressure in bar\nme=9                            #Evaporates of water in Kg\nTw=35                           #Feed water entering in degree celsius\nx=0.9                           #Steam stop value\nCV=35000                        #Calorific value  of the coal\n\n#Calculation\n#From Steam Table\nhfw=146.56                      #In KJ/Kg\nhf=830.07                       #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1957.7                      #In KJ/Kg\nhs=hf+x*hfg                     #Enthalpy of wet stream in KJ/Kg\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)          #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100#Boiler efficiency in %\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet stream=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet stream= 2592.0 KJ/Kg\nEquivalent evaporation= 9.75 Kg/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency= 62.88 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:228"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=2500                          #Saturated steam per bour in Kg\nx=1         \nP=15                             #Boiler pressure in bar\nTw=25                            #Feed water entering in degree celsius \nmf=350                           #Coal burnt in Kg/bour\nCV=32000                         #Calorific value in Kj/Kg \n\n#calculation\n#steam table\nhfw=104.77                       #In KJ/Kg\nhf=844.66                        #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2                       #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                        #In KJ/Kg\nhs=2789.9                        #Enthalpy of dry steam in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                         #mass of evaporation \nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)           #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg ofcoal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100 #Boiler efficiency in %\n\n#Output\nprint(\"mass of evaporation=\",round(me,3),)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg ofcoal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "mass of evaporation= 7.143\nEquivalent evaporation= 8.5 Kg/Kg ofcoal\nBoiler efficiency= 59.94 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:231"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nmf=500                          #Boiler plant consumes of coal in Kg/h\nCV=32000                        #Calorific value in Kj/Kg\nms=3200                         #plant generates in Kg/h\nP=1.2                           #Absolute pressure MN/m**2\nMN=12                           \nTsup=300                        #Absolute temperature in degree celsius\nTw=35                           #Feed water temperature\nCps=2.3\n\n#calculation\nhfw=146.56                      #In KJ/Kg\nTs=187.96                       #In Degree celsius\nhf=798.43                       #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3                      #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7                       #In KJ/Kg\nhs=hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts)             #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                        #mass of evaporation \nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)          #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg ofcoal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100#Boiler efficiency in %\n  \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"mass of evaporation=\",me,)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,1),\"Kg/Kg ofcoal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n    \n\n    \n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam= 3040.39 KJ/Kg\nmass of evaporation= 6.4\nEquivalent evaporation= 8.2 Kg/Kg ofcoal\nBoiler efficiency 57.88 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:232"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=5000                           #Steam generted in Kg/h\nmf=700                            #Coal burnt in Kg/h \nCV=31402                          #Cv of coal in KJ/Kg\nx=0.92                            #quality of steam\nP=1.2                             #Boiler pressure in MPa\nTw=45                             #Feed water temperature in degree celsius\n\n\n#calculation\nhfw=188.35                        #In KJ/Kg\nhf=798.43                         #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3                        #In KJ/Kg\nhs=hf+x*hfg                       #Enthalpy of wet stream in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                          #mass of evaporation \nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)            #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100  #Boiler efficiency in %\n\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet stream=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"mass of evaporation=\",round(me,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,1),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n  \n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet stream= 2623.99 KJ/Kg\nmass of evaporation= 7.14 \nEquivalent evaporation= 7.7 Kg/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency= 55.4 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:233"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=6000                   #Boiler produce of steam Kg/h\nP=25                      #Boiler pressure in bar\nTsup=350                  #Boiler temperature in degree celsius\nTw=40                     #Feed water temperature indegree celsius\nCV=42000                  #Calorific value in Kj/Kg\netaboiler=75/100          #Expected thermal efficiency in %\n\n\n#Calculation\nhfw=167.45                #In KJ/Kg\nTs=223.94                 #In degree celsius  \nhf=961.96                 #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1839.0                #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2800.9                 #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\nhs=((hg)+(Cps)*(Tsup-Ts))         #Enthalpy of superheated steam KJ/Kg\nmf=((ms*(hs-hfw))/(CV*etaboiler)) #Boiler efficiency in %\nme=ms/mf                          #Equivalent mass of evaporation\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)            #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of oil\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(mf,1),\"%\")\nprint(\"Equivalent mass of evaporation=\",round(me,3),)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of oil\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam= 3090.838 KJ/Kg\nBoiler efficiency= 556.8 %\nEquivalent mass of evaporation= 10.775\nEquivalent evaporation= 13.96 Kg/Kg of oil\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:234"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nE=12                        #Boiler found steam in Kg/Kg\nCV=35000                    #Calorific value in KJ/Kg\nms=15000                    #Boiler produces in Kg/h\nP=20                        #Boiler pressure in bar\nTw=40                       #Feed water in degree celsius\nmf=1800                     #Fuel consumption\n\n\n#calculation\n#R=me(hs-hfw)\nhfw=167.45                  #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2797.2                   #In KJ/Kg\nTs=211.37                   #In degree celsius\nCps=2.3\nR=E*2257                    #Equivalent evaporation in KJ/Kg of coal\netaboiler=(R/CV)*100        #Boiler efficiency in %\nme=ms/mf                    #Equivalent mass evaporation in KJ/Kg of coal                   \nhs=(R/me)+hfw               # In KJ/Kg\nTsup=((hs-hg)/Cps)+Ts       #Enthalpy of superheated steam in degree celsius\n\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",R,\"KJ/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"Equivalent mass evaporation=\",round(me,2),\"KJ/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"hs=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",round(Tsup,2),\"degree celsius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Equivalent evaporation= 27084 KJ/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency= 77.38 %\nEquivalent mass evaporation= 8.33 KJ/Kg of coal\nhs= 3417.53 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of superheated steam= 481.08 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:236"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=6000                           #Steam generated in Kg/h\nmf=700                            #Coal burnt in Kg/h\nCV=31500                          #Cv of coal in KJ/Kg\nx=0.92                            #Dryness in fraction of steam\nP=12                              #Boiler pressure in bar\nTsup=259                          #Temperature of steam in degree celsius\nTw=45                             #Hot well temperature in degree celsius\n\n#calculation\nhfw=188.35                        #In KJ/Kg\nTs=187.96                         #In degree celsius\nhf=798.43                         #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3                        #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7                         #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3                           \nme=ms/mf                          #Equivalent mass evaporation\nhs=hf+x*hfg                       #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)            #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\nhs1=(hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts))            #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nE1=((me*(hs1-hfw))/2257)          #Equivalent evaporation(with superheater) in Kg/Kg of coal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100  #Boiler efficiency without superheater in %\netaboiler1=((me*(hs1-hfw))/CV)*100#Boiler efficiency with superheater in %\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Equivalent mass evaporation=\",round(me,2),)\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",round(hs1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation(with superheater)=\",round(E1,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency without superheater=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency without superheater=\",round(etaboiler1,2),\"%\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Equivalent mass evaporation= 8.57\nEnthalpy of wet steam= 2623.986 KJ/Kg\nEquivalent evaporation= 9.25 Kg/Kg of coal\nEnthalpy of superheated steam= 2946.09 KJ/Kg\nEquivalent evaporation(with superheater)= 10.47 Kg/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency without superheater= 66.28 %\nBoiler efficiency without superheater= 75.04 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:237"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15                             #Boiler produces steam in bar\nTsup=250                         #Boiler temperature in degree celsius \nTw=35                            #Feed water in degree celsius\nMWh=1.5                          #steam supplied to the turbine\nCV=32000                         #Coal of calorific value in KJ/Kg\netaboiler=80/100                 #Thermal efficiency in %\nfr=210                           #Firing rate in Kg/m**2/h\n#From steam table(temp basis at 35 degree celsius)\nhfw=146.56                       #In KJ/Kg\nTs=198.29                        #In degree celsius\nhfg=1945.2                       #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                        #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3 \n\n\n#calculator\nhs=hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts)               #Enthalpy of superheated steam(with superheater) in KJ/Kg\nms=9000/MWh                       #Steam rate in Kg/MWh\nmf=((ms*(hs-hfw))/(etaboiler*CV)) #Mass of steam consumption in Kg/h\nGA=mf/fr                          #Grate rate in m**2\n\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam(with superheater)=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Steam rate=\",ms,\"Kg/h\")\nprint(\"ass of steam consumption=\",round(mf,1),\"Kg/h\")\nprint(\"Grate rate=\",round(GA,3),\"m**2\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam(with superheater)= 2908.833 KJ/Kg\nSteam rate= 6000.0 Kg/h\nass of steam consumption= 647.4 Kg/h\nGrate rate= 3.083 m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:242"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nma=18            #Boileruses of per Kg of fuel in Kg/Kg\nhw=25*10**-3     #Chimney height to produce draught in mm\nTg=315+273       #Temperature of chimney gases in degree celsius \nTa=27+273        #Out side air temp in degree celsius\n\n#Calculation\n#Draught produce in terms of water column in m\nH=(hw/(353*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma))))*1000\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Draught produce in terms of water column=\",round(H,2),\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Draught produce in terms of water column= 46.04 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No:242"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=40                             #High discharge in m\nma=19                            #Fuel gases per Kg of fuel burnt\nTg=220+273                       #Average temp of fuel gases in degree celsius\nTa=25+273                        #Ambient temperature in degreee celsius\n\n\n#calculation\nhw=353*H*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma)) #Draught produce in terms of water column in mm\nH1=H*((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1)     #Draught produce in terms of hot gas column in m\n\n#output\nprint(\"Draught produce in terms of water column=\",round(hw,2),\"mm\")\nprint(\"Draught produce in terms of hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Draught produce in terms of water column= 17.23 mm\nDraught produce in terms of hot gas column= 22.87 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No:243"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=27                                #Chimney height in m\nhw=15                        #Draught produces of water column in mm\nma=21                               #Gases formed per Kg of fuel burnt in Kg/Kg\nTa=25+273                           #Temperature of the ambient air in degree celsius\n\n\n#calculation\nTg=-(((ma+1)/ma)/((hw/(353*H))-(1/Ta))) #Mean temperature of fuel gases in K\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Mean temperature of fuel gases\",Tg,\"k\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Mean temperature of fuel gases 587.9248031162673 k\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:244"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nhw=20                   #Static draught of water in mm\nH=50                    #Chimney height in m\nTg=212+273              #Temperature of the fuel degree celsius\nTa=27+273               #Atmospheric air in degree celsius\n\n#calculation\nma=(-((hw/(353*H))-Ta*Tg))*10**-4   #Air-fuel ratio in Kg/Kg of fuel burnt-3\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Air-fuel ratio\",round(ma,1),\"Kg/Kg of fuel burnt\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Air-fuel ratio 14.5 Kg/Kg of fuel burnt\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:245"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nH=24            #Chimney height in m\nTa=25+273       #Ambient temperature in degree celsius\nTg=300+273      #Temperature of fuel gases in degree celsius\nma=20           #Combustion space of fuel burnt in Kg/Kgof fuel\ng=9.81 \n\n\n#calculation\nhw=((353*H)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma))))#Theoretical draught in millimeters of water in mm\nH1=H*((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1)              #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\nH2=H1-9.975                               #Draught lost in friction at the grate and passage in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H2)                       #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught in millimeters of water=\",round(hw,2),\"mm\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught lost in friction at the grate and passage=\",round(H2,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(V,),\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught in millimeters of water= 12.9 mm\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 19.95 m\nDraught lost in friction at the grate and passage= 9.975 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 14 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 15 Page No:246"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nH=38                          #Stack height in m\nd=1.8                         #Stack diameter discharge in m\nma=17                         #Fuel gases per Kg of fuel burnt Kg/Kg\nTg=277+273                    #Average temperature of fuel gases in degree celsius\nTa=27+273                     #Temperature of outside air in degree celsius\nh1=0.4                        #Theoretical draught is lost in friction in \ng=9.81\npi=3.142\n\n#calculation\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))#Theoretical draught produce in hot gas column in m\ngp=0.45*27.8                  #Draught lost in friction at the grate and pasage in m\nC=H1-gp                       #Actual draught produce in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*9.81*C)         #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))   #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=(rhog*((pi/4)*(d**(2))*V)) #Mass of gas flowing through the chimney in Kg/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produce in hot gas column=\",round(H1,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught lost in friction at the grate and pasage=\",gp,\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produce in hot gas column=\",round(C,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney =\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas flowing through the chimney=\",round(mg,),\"Kg/s\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produce in hot gas column= 27.8 m\nDraught lost in friction at the grate and pasage= 12.51 m\nActual draught produce in hot gas column= 15.29 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney = 17.32 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.68 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas flowing through the chimney= 30 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 16 Page No:247"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nhw=1.9           #Drauhgt water in cm\nTg=290+273       #Temp of flue gases in degree celsius \nTa=20+273        #Ambient temp in degree celsius\nma=22            #Flue gases formed in kg/Kg of coal\nd=1.8            #Fuel burnt in m\npi=3.142\ng=9.81\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/(353*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma))))*10 #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))          #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column n m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H1)                     #Velocity of tthe flue gases in the chimney in m/s \nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))             #Density  of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=rhog*((pi/4)*d**2)*V                 #Mass of gas flowing through the chimney in Kg/s\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(H,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of tthe flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Density  of flue gases=\",round(rhog,4),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas flowing through the chimney=\",round(mg,1),\"Kg/s\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 34.6 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 29 m\nVelocity of tthe flue gases in the chimney= 23.85 m\nDensity  of flue gases= 0.6555 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas flowing through the chimney= 39.8 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 17 Page No:248"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nmf=8000           #Average coal consumption in Kg/h\nma=19            #Flue gases formed in Kg/Kg\nTg=270+273       #Average temperature of the chimney in degree celsius\nTa=27+273        #Ambient temperature in degree celsius\nhw=18            #Theoretical draught produced by the chimney in mm\nh1=0.6           #Draught is lost in friction H1\ng=9.81\npi=3.142\n\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/(353*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma)))) #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1)))-1)       #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\ngp=h1*H1                             #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-gp                            #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*(hgc))             #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))          #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=((mf/3600)*ma)                    #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\nd=math.sqrt(mg/(rhog*(pi/4)*V))        #Diameter of the chimney in m\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(H,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(gp,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,3),\"Kg/s\")\nprint(\"Diameter of the chimney=\",round(d,3),\"m\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 36.6 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 26.304 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 15.78 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 10.522 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 14.37 \nDensity of flue gases= 0.684 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 42.222 Kg/s\nDiameter of the chimney= 2.338 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 18 Page No:251"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nH=24                  #Chimney height in m\nTa=25+273             #Ambient temperature in degree celsius\nTg=300+273            #Temp of flue gases passing through the chimney in degree celsius\nma=20                 #Combustion space of fuel burnt in Kg/kg of fuel\ng=9.81\n\n#calculation\nhw=((353*H)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma)))) #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\n                                           ##Calculation mistake in book of hw it is correct according to data &calculation\n\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))             #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\nH2=0.5*H1                                  #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-H2                                  #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H2)                        #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(hw,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(H2,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,),\"m/s\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 12.9 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 19.95 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 9.975 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 9.975 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 14 m/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 19 Page No:252"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=38              #Stack height in m\nd=1.8             #Stack diameter in m\nma=18             #Flue gases per kg of the fuel burnt\nTg=277+273        #Average temp of the flue gases in degree celsius\nTa=27+273         #Temperature of outside air in degree celsius\nh1=0.4            #Theorical draught is lost in friction in %\ng=9.81\n\n#calculation\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1)) #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\ngp=0.40*H1                     #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-gp                      #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*hgc)           #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))    #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=rhog*((pi/4)*d**2)*V        #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(gp,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,2),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,1),\"Kg/s\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 28.0 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 11.2 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 16.8 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 18.16 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.68 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 31.3 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 20 Page No:253"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nhw=19           #Draught produced water in cm\nTg=290+273      #Temperature of flue gases in degree celsius\nTa=20+273       #Ambient temperature  in degree celsius\nma=22           #Flue gases formed  per kg of fuel burnt in kg/kg of coal \nd=1.8           #Diameter of chimney\ng=9.81\n\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/((353)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma))))) #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))               #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H1)                          #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))                  #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=rhog*((pi/4)*d**2)*V                      #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H,),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(H1,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,4),\" Kg/m**\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,1),\"Kg/s\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 35 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 29.0 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 23.85 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.6555  Kg/m**\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 39.8 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 21 Page No:254"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nmf=8000                #Average coal consumption in m \nma=18                  #Fuel gases formed ccoal fired in m\nTg=270+273             #Average temp of the chimney of water in degree celsius\nTa=27+273              #Ambient temp in degree celsius\nhw=18                  #Theoretical draught produced by the chimney in mm\nh1=0.6                 #Draught is lost in friction in H1\ng=9.81\npi=3.142\n\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/((353)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma))))) #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))               #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\ngp=0.6*H1                                    #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-gp                                    #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m \nV=math.sqrt(2*g*hgc)                         #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))                  #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=mf/3600*(ma+1)                            #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\nd=math.sqrt(mg/(rhog*(pi/4)*V))              #Diameter of flue gases in Kg/m**3\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(H,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(gp,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,2),\"Kg/s\")\nprint(\"Diameter of flue gases=\",round(d,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 36.7 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 26.23 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 15.74 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 10.49 \nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 14.35 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.686 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 42.22 Kg/s\nDiameter of flue gases= 2.337 Kg/m**3\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 22 Page No:256"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=45          #Chimney height in m\nTg=370+273    #Temperature of flue gases in degree celsius\nT1=150+273    #Temperature of flue gases in degree celsius\nma=25         #Mass of the flue gas formed in Kg/kg of a cosl fired\nTa=35+273     #The boiler temperature in degree celsius\nCp=1.004      #fuel gas\n\n#calculation\n#Efficeincy of chimney draught in %\nA=(H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1)))-1))/(Cp*(Tg-T1))*100\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Efficeincy of chimney draught=\",round(A,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Efficeincy of chimney draught= 20.52 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_11_Steam_Boilers_ZbPMcer.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_11_Steam_Boilers_ZbPMcer.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5b8559d1..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_11_Steam_Boilers_ZbPMcer.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,482 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 11 Steam Boilers"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 11 Steam Boilers"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:228"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=5000                 #Boiler produces wet steam in Kg/h\nx=0.95                  #Dryness function\nP=10                    #Operating pressure in bar\nmf=5500                 #Bour in the furnace in Kg\nTw=40                   #Feed water temp in degree celsius\n\n#calculation\n#from steam table\nhfw=167.45              #In KJ/Kg\nhf=762.61               #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=2031.6              #In KJ/Kg\nhs=(hf+x*hfg)           #Enthalpy of wet stream in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                #Mass of evaporation\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/(2257))*10 #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\n\n#output\n\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet stream=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Mass of evaporation=\",round(me,2),)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet stream= 2692.63 KJ/Kg\nMass of evaporation= 0.91\nEquivalent evaporation= 10.17 Kg/Kg of coal\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:229"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\np=14                            #Boiler pressure in bar\nme=9                            #Evaporates of water in Kg\nTw=35                           #Feed water entering in degree celsius\nx=0.9                           #Steam stop value\nCV=35000                        #Calorific value  of the coal\n\n#Calculation\n#From Steam Table\nhfw=146.56                      #In KJ/Kg\nhf=830.07                       #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1957.7                      #In KJ/Kg\nhs=hf+x*hfg                     #Enthalpy of wet stream in KJ/Kg\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)          #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100#Boiler efficiency in %\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet stream=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet stream= 2592.0 KJ/Kg\nEquivalent evaporation= 9.75 Kg/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency= 62.88 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:228"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=2500                          #Saturated steam per bour in Kg\nx=1         \nP=15                             #Boiler pressure in bar\nTw=25                            #Feed water entering in degree celsius \nmf=350                           #Coal burnt in Kg/bour\nCV=32000                         #Calorific value in Kj/Kg \n\n#calculation\n#steam table\nhfw=104.77                       #In KJ/Kg\nhf=844.66                        #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1945.2                       #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                        #In KJ/Kg\nhs=2789.9                        #Enthalpy of dry steam in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                         #mass of evaporation \nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)           #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg ofcoal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100 #Boiler efficiency in %\n\n#Output\nprint(\"mass of evaporation=\",round(me,3),)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg ofcoal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "mass of evaporation= 7.143\nEquivalent evaporation= 8.5 Kg/Kg ofcoal\nBoiler efficiency= 59.94 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:231"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nmf=500                          #Boiler plant consumes of coal in Kg/h\nCV=32000                        #Calorific value in Kj/Kg\nms=3200                         #plant generates in Kg/h\nP=1.2                           #Absolute pressure MN/m**2\nMN=12                           \nTsup=300                        #Absolute temperature in degree celsius\nTw=35                           #Feed water temperature\nCps=2.3\n\n#calculation\nhfw=146.56                      #In KJ/Kg\nTs=187.96                       #In Degree celsius\nhf=798.43                       #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3                      #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7                       #In KJ/Kg\nhs=hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts)             #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                        #mass of evaporation \nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)          #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg ofcoal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100#Boiler efficiency in %\n  \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"mass of evaporation=\",me,)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,1),\"Kg/Kg ofcoal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n    \n\n    \n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam= 3040.39 KJ/Kg\nmass of evaporation= 6.4\nEquivalent evaporation= 8.2 Kg/Kg ofcoal\nBoiler efficiency 57.88 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:232"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=5000                           #Steam generted in Kg/h\nmf=700                            #Coal burnt in Kg/h \nCV=31402                          #Cv of coal in KJ/Kg\nx=0.92                            #quality of steam\nP=1.2                             #Boiler pressure in MPa\nTw=45                             #Feed water temperature in degree celsius\n\n\n#calculation\nhfw=188.35                        #In KJ/Kg\nhf=798.43                         #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3                        #In KJ/Kg\nhs=hf+x*hfg                       #Enthalpy of wet stream in KJ/Kg\nme=ms/mf                          #mass of evaporation \nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)            #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100  #Boiler efficiency in %\n\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet stream=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"mass of evaporation=\",round(me,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,1),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\n  \n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of wet stream= 2623.99 KJ/Kg\nmass of evaporation= 7.14 \nEquivalent evaporation= 7.7 Kg/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency= 55.4 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:233"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=6000                   #Boiler produce of steam Kg/h\nP=25                      #Boiler pressure in bar\nTsup=350                  #Boiler temperature in degree celsius\nTw=40                     #Feed water temperature indegree celsius\nCV=42000                  #Calorific value in Kj/Kg\netaboiler=75/100          #Expected thermal efficiency in %\n\n\n#Calculation\nhfw=167.45                #In KJ/Kg\nTs=223.94                 #In degree celsius  \nhf=961.96                 #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1839.0                #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2800.9                 #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3\nhs=((hg)+(Cps)*(Tsup-Ts))         #Enthalpy of superheated steam KJ/Kg\nmf=((ms*(hs-hfw))/(CV*etaboiler)) #Boiler efficiency in %\nme=ms/mf                          #Equivalent mass of evaporation\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)            #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of oil\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(mf,1),\"%\")\nprint(\"Equivalent mass of evaporation=\",round(me,3),)\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of oil\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam= 3090.838 KJ/Kg\nBoiler efficiency= 556.8 %\nEquivalent mass of evaporation= 10.775\nEquivalent evaporation= 13.96 Kg/Kg of oil\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:234"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nE=12                        #Boiler found steam in Kg/Kg\nCV=35000                    #Calorific value in KJ/Kg\nms=15000                    #Boiler produces in Kg/h\nP=20                        #Boiler pressure in bar\nTw=40                       #Feed water in degree celsius\nmf=1800                     #Fuel consumption\n\n\n#calculation\n#R=me(hs-hfw)\nhfw=167.45                  #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2797.2                   #In KJ/Kg\nTs=211.37                   #In degree celsius\nCps=2.3\nR=E*2257                    #Equivalent evaporation in KJ/Kg of coal\netaboiler=(R/CV)*100        #Boiler efficiency in %\nme=ms/mf                    #Equivalent mass evaporation in KJ/Kg of coal                   \nhs=(R/me)+hfw               # In KJ/Kg\nTsup=((hs-hg)/Cps)+Ts       #Enthalpy of superheated steam in degree celsius\n\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",R,\"KJ/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"Equivalent mass evaporation=\",round(me,2),\"KJ/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"hs=\",round(hs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",round(Tsup,2),\"degree celsius\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Equivalent evaporation= 27084 KJ/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency= 77.38 %\nEquivalent mass evaporation= 8.33 KJ/Kg of coal\nhs= 3417.53 KJ/Kg\nEnthalpy of superheated steam= 481.08 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:236"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nms=6000                           #Steam generated in Kg/h\nmf=700                            #Coal burnt in Kg/h\nCV=31500                          #Cv of coal in KJ/Kg\nx=0.92                            #Dryness in fraction of steam\nP=12                              #Boiler pressure in bar\nTsup=259                          #Temperature of steam in degree celsius\nTw=45                             #Hot well temperature in degree celsius\n\n#calculation\nhfw=188.35                        #In KJ/Kg\nTs=187.96                         #In degree celsius\nhf=798.43                         #In KJ/Kg\nhfg=1984.3                        #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2782.7                         #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3                           \nme=ms/mf                          #Equivalent mass evaporation\nhs=hf+x*hfg                       #Enthalpy of wet steam in KJ/Kg\nE=((me*(hs-hfw))/2257)            #Equivalent evaporation in Kg/Kg of coal\nhs1=(hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts))            #Enthalpy of superheated steam in KJ/Kg\nE1=((me*(hs1-hfw))/2257)          #Equivalent evaporation(with superheater) in Kg/Kg of coal\netaboiler=((me*(hs-hfw))/CV)*100  #Boiler efficiency without superheater in %\netaboiler1=((me*(hs1-hfw))/CV)*100#Boiler efficiency with superheater in %\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Equivalent mass evaporation=\",round(me,2),)\nprint(\"Enthalpy of wet steam=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation=\",round(E,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam=\",round(hs1,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Equivalent evaporation(with superheater)=\",round(E1,2),\"Kg/Kg of coal\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency without superheater=\",round(etaboiler,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"Boiler efficiency without superheater=\",round(etaboiler1,2),\"%\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Equivalent mass evaporation= 8.57\nEnthalpy of wet steam= 2623.986 KJ/Kg\nEquivalent evaporation= 9.25 Kg/Kg of coal\nEnthalpy of superheated steam= 2946.09 KJ/Kg\nEquivalent evaporation(with superheater)= 10.47 Kg/Kg of coal\nBoiler efficiency without superheater= 66.28 %\nBoiler efficiency without superheater= 75.04 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 29
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:237"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP=15                             #Boiler produces steam in bar\nTsup=250                         #Boiler temperature in degree celsius \nTw=35                            #Feed water in degree celsius\nMWh=1.5                          #steam supplied to the turbine\nCV=32000                         #Coal of calorific value in KJ/Kg\netaboiler=80/100                 #Thermal efficiency in %\nfr=210                           #Firing rate in Kg/m**2/h\n#From steam table(temp basis at 35 degree celsius)\nhfw=146.56                       #In KJ/Kg\nTs=198.29                        #In degree celsius\nhfg=1945.2                       #In KJ/Kg\nhg=2789.9                        #In KJ/Kg\nCps=2.3 \n\n\n#calculator\nhs=hg+Cps*(Tsup-Ts)               #Enthalpy of superheated steam(with superheater) in KJ/Kg\nms=9000/MWh                       #Steam rate in Kg/MWh\nmf=((ms*(hs-hfw))/(etaboiler*CV)) #Mass of steam consumption in Kg/h\nGA=mf/fr                          #Grate rate in m**2\n\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Enthalpy of superheated steam(with superheater)=\",hs,\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Steam rate=\",ms,\"Kg/h\")\nprint(\"ass of steam consumption=\",round(mf,1),\"Kg/h\")\nprint(\"Grate rate=\",round(GA,3),\"m**2\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Enthalpy of superheated steam(with superheater)= 2908.833 KJ/Kg\nSteam rate= 6000.0 Kg/h\nass of steam consumption= 647.4 Kg/h\nGrate rate= 3.083 m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:242"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nma=18            #Boileruses of per Kg of fuel in Kg/Kg\nhw=25*10**-3     #Chimney height to produce draught in mm\nTg=315+273       #Temperature of chimney gases in degree celsius \nTa=27+273        #Out side air temp in degree celsius\n\n#Calculation\n#Draught produce in terms of water column in m\nH=(hw/(353*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma))))*1000\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Draught produce in terms of water column=\",round(H,2),\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Draught produce in terms of water column= 46.04 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No:242"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=40                             #High discharge in m\nma=19                            #Fuel gases per Kg of fuel burnt\nTg=220+273                       #Average temp of fuel gases in degree celsius\nTa=25+273                        #Ambient temperature in degreee celsius\n\n\n#calculation\nhw=353*H*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma)) #Draught produce in terms of water column in mm\nH1=H*((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1)     #Draught produce in terms of hot gas column in m\n\n#output\nprint(\"Draught produce in terms of water column=\",round(hw,2),\"mm\")\nprint(\"Draught produce in terms of hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Draught produce in terms of water column= 17.23 mm\nDraught produce in terms of hot gas column= 22.87 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No:243"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=27                                #Chimney height in m\nhw=15                        #Draught produces of water column in mm\nma=21                               #Gases formed per Kg of fuel burnt in Kg/Kg\nTa=25+273                           #Temperature of the ambient air in degree celsius\n\n\n#calculation\nTg=-(((ma+1)/ma)/((hw/(353*H))-(1/Ta))) #Mean temperature of fuel gases in K\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Mean temperature of fuel gases\",Tg,\"k\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Mean temperature of fuel gases 587.9248031162673 k\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:244"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nhw=20                   #Static draught of water in mm\nH=50                    #Chimney height in m\nTg=212+273              #Temperature of the fuel degree celsius\nTa=27+273               #Atmospheric air in degree celsius\n\n#calculation\nma=(-((hw/(353*H))-Ta*Tg))*10**-4   #Air-fuel ratio in Kg/Kg of fuel burnt-3\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Air-fuel ratio\",round(ma,1),\"Kg/Kg of fuel burnt\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Air-fuel ratio 14.5 Kg/Kg of fuel burnt\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:245"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nH=24            #Chimney height in m\nTa=25+273       #Ambient temperature in degree celsius\nTg=300+273      #Temperature of fuel gases in degree celsius\nma=20           #Combustion space of fuel burnt in Kg/Kgof fuel\ng=9.81 \n\n\n#calculation\nhw=((353*H)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma))))#Theoretical draught in millimeters of water in mm\nH1=H*((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1)              #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\nH2=H1-9.975                               #Draught lost in friction at the grate and passage in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H2)                       #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught in millimeters of water=\",round(hw,2),\"mm\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught lost in friction at the grate and passage=\",round(H2,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(V,),\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught in millimeters of water= 12.9 mm\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 19.95 m\nDraught lost in friction at the grate and passage= 9.975 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 14 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 15 Page No:246"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nH=38                          #Stack height in m\nd=1.8                         #Stack diameter discharge in m\nma=17                         #Fuel gases per Kg of fuel burnt Kg/Kg\nTg=277+273                    #Average temperature of fuel gases in degree celsius\nTa=27+273                     #Temperature of outside air in degree celsius\nh1=0.4                        #Theoretical draught is lost in friction in \ng=9.81\npi=3.142\n\n#calculation\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))#Theoretical draught produce in hot gas column in m\ngp=0.45*27.8                  #Draught lost in friction at the grate and pasage in m\nC=H1-gp                       #Actual draught produce in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*9.81*C)         #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))   #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=(rhog*((pi/4)*(d**(2))*V)) #Mass of gas flowing through the chimney in Kg/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produce in hot gas column=\",round(H1,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught lost in friction at the grate and pasage=\",gp,\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produce in hot gas column=\",round(C,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney =\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas flowing through the chimney=\",round(mg,),\"Kg/s\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produce in hot gas column= 27.8 m\nDraught lost in friction at the grate and pasage= 12.51 m\nActual draught produce in hot gas column= 15.29 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney = 17.32 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.68 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas flowing through the chimney= 30 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 16 Page No:247"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nhw=1.9           #Drauhgt water in cm\nTg=290+273       #Temp of flue gases in degree celsius \nTa=20+273        #Ambient temp in degree celsius\nma=22            #Flue gases formed in kg/Kg of coal\nd=1.8            #Fuel burnt in m\npi=3.142\ng=9.81\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/(353*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma))))*10 #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))          #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column n m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H1)                     #Velocity of tthe flue gases in the chimney in m/s \nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))             #Density  of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=rhog*((pi/4)*d**2)*V                 #Mass of gas flowing through the chimney in Kg/s\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(H,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of tthe flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Density  of flue gases=\",round(rhog,4),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas flowing through the chimney=\",round(mg,1),\"Kg/s\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 34.6 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 29 m\nVelocity of tthe flue gases in the chimney= 23.85 m\nDensity  of flue gases= 0.6555 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas flowing through the chimney= 39.8 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 28
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 17 Page No:248"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nmf=8000           #Average coal consumption in Kg/h\nma=19            #Flue gases formed in Kg/Kg\nTg=270+273       #Average temperature of the chimney in degree celsius\nTa=27+273        #Ambient temperature in degree celsius\nhw=18            #Theoretical draught produced by the chimney in mm\nh1=0.6           #Draught is lost in friction H1\ng=9.81\npi=3.142\n\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/(353*(1/Ta-1/Tg*((ma+1)/ma)))) #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1)))-1)       #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\ngp=h1*H1                             #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-gp                            #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*(hgc))             #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))          #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=((mf/3600)*ma)                    #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\nd=math.sqrt(mg/(rhog*(pi/4)*V))        #Diameter of the chimney in m\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(H,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(gp,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,3),\"Kg/s\")\nprint(\"Diameter of the chimney=\",round(d,3),\"m\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 36.6 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 26.304 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 15.78 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 10.522 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 14.37 \nDensity of flue gases= 0.684 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 42.222 Kg/s\nDiameter of the chimney= 2.338 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 18 Page No:251"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nH=24                  #Chimney height in m\nTa=25+273             #Ambient temperature in degree celsius\nTg=300+273            #Temp of flue gases passing through the chimney in degree celsius\nma=20                 #Combustion space of fuel burnt in Kg/kg of fuel\ng=9.81\n\n#calculation\nhw=((353*H)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma)))) #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))             #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\nH2=0.5*H1                                  #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-H2                                  #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H2)                        #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(hw,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(H2,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,),\"m/s\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 12.9 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 19.95 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 9.975 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 9.975 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 14 m/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 19 Page No:252"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=38              #Stack height in m\nd=1.8             #Stack diameter in m\nma=18             #Flue gases per kg of the fuel burnt\nTg=277+273        #Average temp of the flue gases in degree celsius\nTa=27+273         #Temperature of outside air in degree celsius\nh1=0.4            #Theorical draught is lost in friction in %\ng=9.81\n\n#calculation\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1)) #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\ngp=0.40*H1                     #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-gp                      #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*hgc)           #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))    #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=rhog*((pi/4)*d**2)*V        #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,3),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(gp,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,2),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,1),\"Kg/s\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 28.0 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 11.2 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 16.8 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 18.16 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.68 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 31.3 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 41
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 20 Page No:253"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nhw=19           #Draught produced water in cm\nTg=290+273      #Temperature of flue gases in degree celsius\nTa=20+273       #Ambient temperature  in degree celsius\nma=22           #Flue gases formed  per kg of fuel burnt in kg/kg of coal \nd=1.8           #Diameter of chimney\ng=9.81\n\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/((353)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma))))) #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))               #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nV=math.sqrt(2*g*H1)                          #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))                  #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=rhog*((pi/4)*d**2)*V                      #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H,),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(H1,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,4),\" Kg/m**\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,1),\"Kg/s\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 35 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 29.0 m\nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 23.85 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.6555  Kg/m**\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 39.8 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 44
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 21 Page No:254"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nmf=8000                #Average coal consumption in m \nma=18                  #Fuel gases formed ccoal fired in m\nTg=270+273             #Average temp of the chimney of water in degree celsius\nTa=27+273              #Ambient temp in degree celsius\nhw=18                  #Theoretical draught produced by the chimney in mm\nh1=0.6                 #Draught is lost in friction in H1\ng=9.81\npi=3.142\n\n\n#calculation\nH=(hw/((353)*((1/Ta)-((1/Tg)*((ma+1)/ma))))) #Theoretical draught produced in water column in m\nH1=H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1))-1))               #Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column in m\ngp=0.6*H1                                    #Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing in m\nhgc=H1-gp                                    #Actual draught produced in hot gas column in m \nV=math.sqrt(2*g*hgc)                         #Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney in m/s\nrhog=((353*(ma+1))/(ma*Tg))                  #Density of flue gases in Kg/m**3\nmg=mf/3600*(ma+1)                            #Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney in Kg/s\nd=math.sqrt(mg/(rhog*(pi/4)*V))              #Diameter of flue gases in Kg/m**3\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in water column=\",round(H,1),\"m\")\nprint(\"Theoretical draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(H1,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Draught is lost in friction at the grate and passing=\",round(gp,2),\"m\")\nprint(\"Actual draught produced in hot gas column=\",round(hgc,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Velocity of the flue gases in the chimney=\",round(V,2),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"Density of flue gases=\",round(rhog,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Mass of gas fowing throgh the chimney=\",round(mg,2),\"Kg/s\")\nprint(\"Diameter of flue gases=\",round(d,3),\"Kg/m**3\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Theoretical draught produced in water column= 36.7 m\nTheoretical draught produced in hot gas column= 26.23 m\nDraught is lost in friction at the grate and passing= 15.74 m\nActual draught produced in hot gas column= 10.49 \nVelocity of the flue gases in the chimney= 14.35 m/s\nDensity of flue gases= 0.686 Kg/m**3\nMass of gas fowing throgh the chimney= 42.22 Kg/s\nDiameter of flue gases= 2.337 Kg/m**3\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 45
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 22 Page No:256"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nH=45          #Chimney height in m\nTg=370+273    #Temperature of flue gases in degree celsius\nT1=150+273    #Temperature of flue gases in degree celsius\nma=25         #Mass of the flue gas formed in Kg/kg of a cosl fired\nTa=35+273     #The boiler temperature in degree celsius\nCp=1.004      #fuel gas\n\n#calculation\n#Efficeincy of chimney draught in %\nA=(H*(((Tg/Ta)*(ma/(ma+1)))-1))/(Cp*(Tg-T1))*100\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Efficeincy of chimney draught=\",round(A,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Efficeincy of chimney draught= 20.52 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines.ipynb
index 0b5d6900..68bff005 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines.ipynb
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
        "text": "#Therotical mean effective pressure= 7.54 N/m**2\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
+     "prompt_number": 2
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
        "text": "Mean Effective pressure= 6.662 N/m**2\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
+     "prompt_number": 3
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
        "text": "Cover end mean effective pressure= 2.4 bar\nCrank end mean effective pressure= 2.2 bar\nAverage end mean effective pressure= 2.3 bar\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
+     "prompt_number": 4
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
        "text": "Base length of diagram= 7.5 bar\nMean effective pressure= 3.33 bar\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
+     "prompt_number": 5
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
        "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure= 7.156 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 5.15 bar\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
+     "prompt_number": 6
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@
        "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure=  3.87 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 3.1 bar\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 22
+     "prompt_number": 7
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
        "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure= 6.0 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 4.84 bar\nDiagram factor= 0.807\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
+     "prompt_number": 8
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@
        "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure=  4.986 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 4 bar\nIndicated power of steam engine= 25.06 Kw\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
+     "prompt_number": 9
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@
        "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure= 7.7 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 6.0 bar\nIndicated power of steam engine= 0.45 mm\nIndicated power of steam engine= 0.6 mm\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
+     "prompt_number": 10
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@
        "text": "Indicated power of steam engine= 3.617 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 4.521 bar\ntheoretical mean effective pressure= 7.6 bar\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 46
+     "prompt_number": 11
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@
        "text": "Indicated power of steam engine= 4.33 bar\nTheoretical mean effective pressure= 5.7 bar\nExpansion ratio= 4.15\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
+     "prompt_number": 12
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@
        "text": "Torque=  456.66 Nm\nBrake Power= 11.48 Kw\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
+     "prompt_number": 13
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@
        "text": "Indicated power of steam engine= 110.28 Kw\nTorque= 4650.0 Nm\nBreak power= 87.66 Kw\nMechanical efficiency= 79.5 %\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
+     "prompt_number": 14
     }
    ],
    "metadata": {}
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines_OcMduF1.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines_OcMduF1.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68bff005..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines_OcMduF1.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,308 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 13 Steam Engines"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:281"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nPa=10                            #Single cylinder double acting steam engine pressure in bar \nPb=1.5                           #Single cylinder double acting steam engine pressure in bar\nrc=100/35                        #Cut-off of the stroke in %\n\n\n#Calculation\nPm=((Pa/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb) #Therotical mean effective pressure\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"bar\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure= 5.67 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:283"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\n\na=5/100     #Engine cylinder of the stroke valume in %\nP1=12       #Pressure of the stream\nrc=3        #Cut-off is one-third\nPb=1.1      #Constant the back pressure in bar\n\n#Calulation\n#Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPm=P1*(1/rc+((1/rc)+a)*math.log((1+a)/((1/rc)+a)))-Pb \n\n#Output\nprint(\"#Therotical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"N/m**2\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "#Therotical mean effective pressure= 7.54 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:285"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP1=14           #Steam is ssupplied in bar          \nP6=6            #Pressure at the end in bar\nPb=1.2          #Pressure at back in bar\na=0.1           \nre=4 \n#From hyperbolic process \nb=0.4\n\n#Calculation\n#Mean Effective pressure in N/m**2 \nPm=P1*((1/re)+((1/re)+a)*math.log((1+a)/((1+re)+a)))-Pb*((1+b)+(a+b)*math.log((a+b)/a))\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Mean Effective pressure=\",round(-Pm,3),\"N/m**2\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Mean Effective pressure= 6.662 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:286"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nCover=1200                       #Area of the indicator diagram for cover \nCrank=1100                       #Area of the indicator diagram for crank\nID=75\nPS=0.15\n\n\n#Calculation\nCoverMEP=Cover/ID*PS             #Cover end mean effective pressure\nCrankMEP=Crank/ID*PS             #Crank end mean effective pressure\nAverageMEP=(CoverMEP+CrankMEP)/2 #Average end mean effective pressure\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Cover end mean effective pressure=\",CoverMEP,\"bar\")\nprint(\"Crank end mean effective pressure=\",round(CrankMEP,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Average end mean effective pressure=\",AverageMEP,\"bar\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Cover end mean effective pressure= 2.4 bar\nCrank end mean effective pressure= 2.2 bar\nAverage end mean effective pressure= 2.3 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:286"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\na=25                  #Area of indicator diagram cm**2\nVs=0.15               #swept volume m**2\nS=1                   #Scale in cm \ncm=0.02               #pressure axis m**3\n\n\n#Calculation\nb=Vs/cm               #Base length of diagram \nPm=a/b*S              #Mean effective pressure\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Base length of diagram=\",b,\"bar\")\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"bar\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Base length of diagram= 7.5 bar\nMean effective pressure= 3.33 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:287"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP1=14                            #Steam Engine pressure in bar\nPb=0.15                          #Back pressure in bar\nK=0.72                           #Diagram factor\nrc=100/20 \n\n#Calculation\nPm=((P1/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb) #Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPma=Pm*K                         #Actual mean effective pressure Pma\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,3),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pma,2),\"bar\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure= 7.156 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 5.15 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:287"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP1=9                         #Reciprocating engine pressure in bar\nPb=1.5                       #Back pressure in bar\nrc=100/25                    #Cut-off \nK=0.8                        #Diagram factor\n\n#Calculation\nPm=((P1/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb) #Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPma=Pm*K                         #Actual mean effective pressure Pma\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure= \",round(Pm,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pma,2),\"bar\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure=  3.87 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 3.1 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:288"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP1=10                   #Inlet pressure\nPb=1                    #Back pressure\nrc=3                    #Expansion ratio\na=12.1                  #Area of indicator diagram\nb=7.5                   #Length of indicator diagram \nS=3                     #Pressure scale\n\n\n#calculation\nPm=((P1/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb )#Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPma=a/b*S                        #Actual mean effective pressure Pma\nK=Pma/Pm                         #diagram factor \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pma,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Diagram factor=\",round(K,3),)\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure= 6.0 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 4.84 bar\nDiagram factor= 0.807\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:289"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nD=200*10**-3                     #Steam engine cylinder in mm  \nL=300*10**-3                     #Bore of steam engine cylinder in mm  \nrc=100/40                        #Cut-off of the sroke\nP1=7                             #Admission pressure of steam in bar\nPb=0.38                          #Exhaust pressure of steam in bar\nK=0.8                            #Diagram factor\nN=200                            #Indicator factor of engine\npi=3.142                         #Constant value\n#Indicated power of the engine  in rpm\nA=pi*(200*10**-3)**2/4\n\n\n#Calculation\nPm=((P1/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb)  #Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPma=Pm*K                          #Actual mean effective pressure Pma\nIP=(2*Pma*L*A*N/60000)*10**5      #Indicated power of steam engine in Kw\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure= \",round(Pm,3),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pma,),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(IP,2),\"Kw\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure=  4.986 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 4 bar\nIndicated power of steam engine= 25.06 Kw\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:290"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nIP=343                  #Steam engine develop indicated power in Kw\nN=180                   #power In rpm\nP1=15                   #Steam supplied i bar                   \nPb=1.25                 #Steam is exhausted in bar\nrc=100/25               #Cut-off take place of stroke\nK=0.78                  #Diagram factor\n#x=L/D=4/3\nx=4/3                   #Stroke to bore ratio\npi=3.142\nA=((pi/4)*(D**2))\n\n#calculation\nPm=((P1/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb)    #Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPma=Pm*K                            #Actual mean effective pressure Pma\nD=(((60000*IP)/(2*(Pma*10**5)*(4/3)*N))/(pi/4))**(1/3)#Indicated power of steam engine\nL=(x)*D\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pma,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(D,3),\"mm\")\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(L,1),\"mm\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure= 7.7 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 6.0 bar\nIndicated power of steam engine= 0.45 mm\nIndicated power of steam engine= 0.6 mm\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No:290"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nD=240*10**-3  #Steam engine bor\nL=300*10**-3  #Stroke of engine\nN=220         #Speed of engine 220 in rpm      \nIP=36         #Indicated power in Kw\nPb=1.3        #Exhaust pressure in bar\nre=2.5        #Expansion ratio\nK=0.8         #Diagram factor\nA=((pi/4)*(D**2))\n\n\n#Calculation\nPma=((IP*60000)/(2*10**5*L*A*N))  #Indicated power of steam engine in bar\nPm=Pma/K                          #Actual mean effective pressure in bar\nP1=((Pm+Pb)*re)/(1+math.log(re))  #Theoretical mean effective pressure in bar\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(Pma,3),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,3),\"bar\")\nprint(\"theoretical mean effective pressure=\",round(P1,1),\"bar\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Indicated power of steam engine= 3.617 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 4.521 bar\ntheoretical mean effective pressure= 7.6 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No:291"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nD=700*10**-3             #Steam engine diameter in mm\nL=900*10**-3             #Steam engine diameter in mm\nIp=450                   #Develop indicated power Kw\nN=90                     #Speed of steam engine in rpm\nP2=12                    #Pressure at cut-off in bar\nP1=12                    #Pressure at cut-off in bar\nPb=1.3                   #Back pressure in bar\nK=0.76                   #Diameter factor\npi=3.142\nA=((pi/4)*0.7**2)\n\n#Calculation\nPma=(Ip*60000)/(2*10**5*L*A*90) #Indicated power of steam engine in bar\nPm=Pma/K                        #Theoretical mean effective pressure in bar\n#using trial and error method\nre=1/0.241                             #Expansion ratio\n#Output\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(Pma,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Theoretical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,1),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Expansion ratio=\",round(re,2),)",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Indicated power of steam engine= 4.33 bar\nTheoretical mean effective pressure= 5.7 bar\nExpansion ratio= 4.15\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:293"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nDb=900*10**-3      #Diameter of break drum in mm\ndr=50*10**-3       #Diameter of rope in mm\nW=105*9.81         #dead weight on the tight side of the rope in Kg\nS=7*9.81           #Spring balance of the rope in N\nN=240              #Speed of the engine in rpm\n\n#Calculation\nT=(W-S)*((Db+dr)/2) #Torque Nm\nBp=2*pi*N*T/ 60000  #Brake Power in Kw\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Torque= \",round(T,2),\"Nm\")\nprint(\"Brake Power=\",round(Bp,2),\"Kw\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Torque=  456.66 Nm\nBrake Power= 11.48 Kw\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:294"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nD=300*10**-3                #steam engine bor\nL=400*10**-3                #stroke \nDb=1.5                      #effective brake diameter\nW=6.2*10**3                 #net load on the brake\nN=180                       #speed of engine in rpm\nPma=6.5*10**3               #mean effective pressure in bar\nA=((pi/4)*0.3**2) \ndr=0\nS=0\n\n#Calculation\nIp=((2*Pma*L*A*N)/60000)*100 #Indicated power of steam engine in Kw\nT=(W-S)*((Db+dr)/2)          #Torque in Nm\nBp=2*pi*N*T/ 60000           #Break power Kw\neta=(Bp/Ip)*100              #Mechanical efficiency in%\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(Ip,2),\"Kw\")\nprint(\"Torque=\",T,\"Nm\")\nprint(\"Break power=\",round(Bp,2),\"Kw\")\nprint(\"Mechanical efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Indicated power of steam engine= 110.28 Kw\nTorque= 4650.0 Nm\nBreak power= 87.66 Kw\nMechanical efficiency= 79.5 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines_zTSDNSc.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines_zTSDNSc.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 68bff005..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines_zTSDNSc.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,308 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 13 Steam Engines"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:281"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nPa=10                            #Single cylinder double acting steam engine pressure in bar \nPb=1.5                           #Single cylinder double acting steam engine pressure in bar\nrc=100/35                        #Cut-off of the stroke in %\n\n\n#Calculation\nPm=((Pa/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb) #Therotical mean effective pressure\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"bar\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure= 5.67 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:283"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\n\na=5/100     #Engine cylinder of the stroke valume in %\nP1=12       #Pressure of the stream\nrc=3        #Cut-off is one-third\nPb=1.1      #Constant the back pressure in bar\n\n#Calulation\n#Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPm=P1*(1/rc+((1/rc)+a)*math.log((1+a)/((1/rc)+a)))-Pb \n\n#Output\nprint(\"#Therotical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"N/m**2\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "#Therotical mean effective pressure= 7.54 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:285"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP1=14           #Steam is ssupplied in bar          \nP6=6            #Pressure at the end in bar\nPb=1.2          #Pressure at back in bar\na=0.1           \nre=4 \n#From hyperbolic process \nb=0.4\n\n#Calculation\n#Mean Effective pressure in N/m**2 \nPm=P1*((1/re)+((1/re)+a)*math.log((1+a)/((1+re)+a)))-Pb*((1+b)+(a+b)*math.log((a+b)/a))\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Mean Effective pressure=\",round(-Pm,3),\"N/m**2\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Mean Effective pressure= 6.662 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:286"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nCover=1200                       #Area of the indicator diagram for cover \nCrank=1100                       #Area of the indicator diagram for crank\nID=75\nPS=0.15\n\n\n#Calculation\nCoverMEP=Cover/ID*PS             #Cover end mean effective pressure\nCrankMEP=Crank/ID*PS             #Crank end mean effective pressure\nAverageMEP=(CoverMEP+CrankMEP)/2 #Average end mean effective pressure\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Cover end mean effective pressure=\",CoverMEP,\"bar\")\nprint(\"Crank end mean effective pressure=\",round(CrankMEP,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Average end mean effective pressure=\",AverageMEP,\"bar\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Cover end mean effective pressure= 2.4 bar\nCrank end mean effective pressure= 2.2 bar\nAverage end mean effective pressure= 2.3 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:286"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\na=25                  #Area of indicator diagram cm**2\nVs=0.15               #swept volume m**2\nS=1                   #Scale in cm \ncm=0.02               #pressure axis m**3\n\n\n#Calculation\nb=Vs/cm               #Base length of diagram \nPm=a/b*S              #Mean effective pressure\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Base length of diagram=\",b,\"bar\")\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"bar\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Base length of diagram= 7.5 bar\nMean effective pressure= 3.33 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:287"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP1=14                            #Steam Engine pressure in bar\nPb=0.15                          #Back pressure in bar\nK=0.72                           #Diagram factor\nrc=100/20 \n\n#Calculation\nPm=((P1/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb) #Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPma=Pm*K                         #Actual mean effective pressure Pma\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,3),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pma,2),\"bar\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure= 7.156 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 5.15 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:287"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP1=9                         #Reciprocating engine pressure in bar\nPb=1.5                       #Back pressure in bar\nrc=100/25                    #Cut-off \nK=0.8                        #Diagram factor\n\n#Calculation\nPm=((P1/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb) #Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPma=Pm*K                         #Actual mean effective pressure Pma\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure= \",round(Pm,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pma,2),\"bar\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure=  3.87 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 3.1 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:288"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nP1=10                   #Inlet pressure\nPb=1                    #Back pressure\nrc=3                    #Expansion ratio\na=12.1                  #Area of indicator diagram\nb=7.5                   #Length of indicator diagram \nS=3                     #Pressure scale\n\n\n#calculation\nPm=((P1/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb )#Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPma=a/b*S                        #Actual mean effective pressure Pma\nK=Pma/Pm                         #diagram factor \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pma,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Diagram factor=\",round(K,3),)\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure= 6.0 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 4.84 bar\nDiagram factor= 0.807\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:289"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nD=200*10**-3                     #Steam engine cylinder in mm  \nL=300*10**-3                     #Bore of steam engine cylinder in mm  \nrc=100/40                        #Cut-off of the sroke\nP1=7                             #Admission pressure of steam in bar\nPb=0.38                          #Exhaust pressure of steam in bar\nK=0.8                            #Diagram factor\nN=200                            #Indicator factor of engine\npi=3.142                         #Constant value\n#Indicated power of the engine  in rpm\nA=pi*(200*10**-3)**2/4\n\n\n#Calculation\nPm=((P1/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb)  #Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPma=Pm*K                          #Actual mean effective pressure Pma\nIP=(2*Pma*L*A*N/60000)*10**5      #Indicated power of steam engine in Kw\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure= \",round(Pm,3),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pma,),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(IP,2),\"Kw\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure=  4.986 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 4 bar\nIndicated power of steam engine= 25.06 Kw\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:290"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nIP=343                  #Steam engine develop indicated power in Kw\nN=180                   #power In rpm\nP1=15                   #Steam supplied i bar                   \nPb=1.25                 #Steam is exhausted in bar\nrc=100/25               #Cut-off take place of stroke\nK=0.78                  #Diagram factor\n#x=L/D=4/3\nx=4/3                   #Stroke to bore ratio\npi=3.142\nA=((pi/4)*(D**2))\n\n#calculation\nPm=((P1/rc)*(1+math.log(rc))-Pb)    #Therotical mean effective pressure Pm\nPma=Pm*K                            #Actual mean effective pressure Pma\nD=(((60000*IP)/(2*(Pma*10**5)*(4/3)*N))/(pi/4))**(1/3)#Indicated power of steam engine\nL=(x)*D\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Therotical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pma,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(D,3),\"mm\")\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(L,1),\"mm\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Therotical mean effective pressure= 7.7 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 6.0 bar\nIndicated power of steam engine= 0.45 mm\nIndicated power of steam engine= 0.6 mm\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No:290"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nD=240*10**-3  #Steam engine bor\nL=300*10**-3  #Stroke of engine\nN=220         #Speed of engine 220 in rpm      \nIP=36         #Indicated power in Kw\nPb=1.3        #Exhaust pressure in bar\nre=2.5        #Expansion ratio\nK=0.8         #Diagram factor\nA=((pi/4)*(D**2))\n\n\n#Calculation\nPma=((IP*60000)/(2*10**5*L*A*N))  #Indicated power of steam engine in bar\nPm=Pma/K                          #Actual mean effective pressure in bar\nP1=((Pm+Pb)*re)/(1+math.log(re))  #Theoretical mean effective pressure in bar\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(Pma,3),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Actual mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,3),\"bar\")\nprint(\"theoretical mean effective pressure=\",round(P1,1),\"bar\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Indicated power of steam engine= 3.617 bar\nActual mean effective pressure= 4.521 bar\ntheoretical mean effective pressure= 7.6 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No:291"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nD=700*10**-3             #Steam engine diameter in mm\nL=900*10**-3             #Steam engine diameter in mm\nIp=450                   #Develop indicated power Kw\nN=90                     #Speed of steam engine in rpm\nP2=12                    #Pressure at cut-off in bar\nP1=12                    #Pressure at cut-off in bar\nPb=1.3                   #Back pressure in bar\nK=0.76                   #Diameter factor\npi=3.142\nA=((pi/4)*0.7**2)\n\n#Calculation\nPma=(Ip*60000)/(2*10**5*L*A*90) #Indicated power of steam engine in bar\nPm=Pma/K                        #Theoretical mean effective pressure in bar\n#using trial and error method\nre=1/0.241                             #Expansion ratio\n#Output\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(Pma,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Theoretical mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,1),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Expansion ratio=\",round(re,2),)",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Indicated power of steam engine= 4.33 bar\nTheoretical mean effective pressure= 5.7 bar\nExpansion ratio= 4.15\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:293"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nDb=900*10**-3      #Diameter of break drum in mm\ndr=50*10**-3       #Diameter of rope in mm\nW=105*9.81         #dead weight on the tight side of the rope in Kg\nS=7*9.81           #Spring balance of the rope in N\nN=240              #Speed of the engine in rpm\n\n#Calculation\nT=(W-S)*((Db+dr)/2) #Torque Nm\nBp=2*pi*N*T/ 60000  #Brake Power in Kw\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Torque= \",round(T,2),\"Nm\")\nprint(\"Brake Power=\",round(Bp,2),\"Kw\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Torque=  456.66 Nm\nBrake Power= 11.48 Kw\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:294"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nD=300*10**-3                #steam engine bor\nL=400*10**-3                #stroke \nDb=1.5                      #effective brake diameter\nW=6.2*10**3                 #net load on the brake\nN=180                       #speed of engine in rpm\nPma=6.5*10**3               #mean effective pressure in bar\nA=((pi/4)*0.3**2) \ndr=0\nS=0\n\n#Calculation\nIp=((2*Pma*L*A*N)/60000)*100 #Indicated power of steam engine in Kw\nT=(W-S)*((Db+dr)/2)          #Torque in Nm\nBp=2*pi*N*T/ 60000           #Break power Kw\neta=(Bp/Ip)*100              #Mechanical efficiency in%\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Indicated power of steam engine=\",round(Ip,2),\"Kw\")\nprint(\"Torque=\",T,\"Nm\")\nprint(\"Break power=\",round(Bp,2),\"Kw\")\nprint(\"Mechanical efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Indicated power of steam engine= 110.28 Kw\nTorque= 4650.0 Nm\nBreak power= 87.66 Kw\nMechanical efficiency= 79.5 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C_Wu44kME.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard.ipynb
index a968e2ca..a968e2ca 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C_Wu44kME.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C_oN3DfTk.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C.ipynb
index a968e2ca..a968e2ca 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C_oN3DfTk.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C_FcBPamX.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C_FcBPamX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6b662454..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C_FcBPamX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,356 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": " Chapter 14 Air Standard Cycles"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 14 Air Standard Cycles"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:302"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nTmax=477+273        #Temperature limits for the engine 477 degree celcius\nTmin=27+273         #Temperature limits for the engine 27 degree celcius\nwd=150              #Carnot cycle produce in KJ\n\n#Calculatkion\neta=(1-(Tmin/Tmax)) #Thermal efficiency of the carnot cycle in %\nQs=(wd/eta)         #Added during the process in Kj\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"thermal efficiency of the carnot cycle eta=\",100*(eta),\"%\")\nprint(\"added during the process Qs=\",Qs,\"KJ\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "thermal efficiency of the carnot cycle eta= 60.0 %\nadded during the process Qs= 250.0 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:302"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQR=1.5                 #tau=QS-QR\n                       #T=Tmax-Tmin\nT=300                  #temperature limit of the cycle in degree celsius\n\n\n#Calculation\n#QR=1.5*(QS-QR)\nQR=(1.5/2.5)           #Engin work on carnot cycle\neta=(1-QR)             #Thermal effeciency\nTmax=(T/eta)-273.15    #Maximum temperataure\nTmin=(Tmax-T)          #Minimum temperataure\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Engin work on carnot cycle=\",QR,\"QS\")\nprint(\"Thermal effeciency=\",100*(eta),\"%\")\nprint(\"Maximum temperataure=\",round(Tmax,),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Minimum temperataure=\",round(Tmin,),\"degree celsius\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Engin work on carnot cycle= 0.6 QS\nThermal effeciency= 40.0 %\nMaximum temperataure= 477 degree celsius\nMinimum temperataure= 177 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:303"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\n#Refer figure\nimport math\nT1=300                   #Carnot engine work in minimum temperature in kelvin\nT2=750                   #Carnot engine work in maximum temperature kelvin\nP2=50                    #pressure of carnot engine N/m**2\nP4=1                     #pressure of carnot engine N/m**\n#considering air as the working fluid therefore \nR=0.287                  #Air as the working fluid in KJ/Kg K\nCp=1.005                 #KJ/Kg K\nCv=0.718                 #KJ/Kg K\nK=1.4\ngamma=1.4\n\n#Calculation\n#T2/T1=(P2/P1)**(gamma-1)/gamma\nP1=P2*(T1/T2)**(gamma/(gamma-1)) #Pressure at intermediate salient points(1-2) in bar\nP3=P4*(T2/T1)**(gamma/(gamma-1)) #Pressure at intermediate salient points(3-4) in bar\nQS=R*T2*math.log(P2/P3 )         #Heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air  in KJ/Kg\nQR=R*T1*math.log(P1/P4 )         #Heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air  in KJ/Kg\nW=QS-QR                          #Work done in KJ/Kg\neta=(1-(T1/T2))                  #Thermal  of the carnot cycle\n\n#Output\nprint(\"pressure at intermediate salient points(1-2)=\",round(P1,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"pressure at intermediate salient points(3-4)=\",round(P3,1),\"bar\")\nprint(\"heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(2-3)=\",round(QS,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(4-1)=\",round(QR,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"work done=\",round(W,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"thermal  of the carnot cycle=\",100*(eta),\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "pressure at intermediate salient points(1-2)= 2.02 bar\npressure at intermediate salient points(3-4)= 24.7 bar\nheat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(2-3)= 151.8 KJ/Kg\nheat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(4-1)= 60.7 KJ/Kg\nwork done= 91.1 KJ/Kg\nthermal  of the carnot cycle= 60.0 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:304"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data \nimport math\nT2=377+273                  #Carnot cycle temperature in bar      \nP2=20*10**5                 #Carnot cycle pressure in bar\nV2=1\nV1=5\nV3=2\n#consider air as the working fluid therefore\nR=0.287                     #In KJ/Kg K\nCp=1.005                    #In KJ/Kg K\nCv=0.718                    #In KJ/Kg K\nK=1.4\ngamma=1.4\n\n#calculation\nT1=T2*((V2/V1)**(gamma-1))                #Minimum temp in degree celsius\nQs=R*T2*math.log(V3/V2)                   #Heat supplied process in KJ/Kg\nQR=R*T1*math.log((V1/V2)*(V2/V3)*((T2/T1)**(1/(gamma-1)))) #Heat Rejected Process in KJ/Kg\netath=(1-(T1/T2))*100                           #Thermal Effeiciency of the carnot cycle in %\n\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"Minimum temp= \",round(T1,1),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Heat supplied process= \",round(Qs,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Heat Rejected Process= \",round(QR,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Thermal Effeiciency of the carnot cycle= \",round(etath,1),\" %\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Minimum temp=  341.4 degree celsius\nHeat supplied process=  129.3 KJ/Kg\nHeat Rejected Process=  247.5 KJ/Kg\nThermal Effeiciency of the carnot cycle=  47.5  %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:308 "
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=1                          #Isentropic Compression in bar\nP2=20                         #Isentropic Compression in bar\n#consider air as the working fluid therefore\ngamma=1.4\n\n\n#Calculation\nr=(P2/P1)**(1/gamma)          #Isentropic process        \neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1))))#Otto cycle air standard effeciency in %\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r,2),)\nprint(\"standard efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "compression ratio= 8.5\nstandard efficiency= 57.5 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:308"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nT1=27+273                      #Initial temp in degree celsius                        \nT2=450+273                     #Final temp in degree celsius      \n\n#calculation\nr=(T2/T1)**(1/(gamma-1))       #Isentropic process \neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1)))) #Otto cycle air standard effeciency in %\n\n#output\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r),)\nprint(\"standard efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "compression ratio= 9\nstandard efficiency= 58.5 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:309"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nD=200*10**-3                   #Otto cycle cylindrical bore in mm\nL=450*10**-3                   #Otto cycle Stroke in mm\nvc=2*10**-3                    #Clearance volume in mm**3\ngamma=1.4\npi=3.142\n\n#calculation\nvs=(pi/4)*(D**2*L)             #Swept volume\nr=((vs+vc)/vc)                 #Compression ratio\neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1)))) #Standard efficiency\n\n#output\nprint(\"Swept volume=\",round(vs,6),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r,3),)\nprint(\"standard efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Swept volume= 0.014139 m**3\ncompression ratio= 8.07\nstandard efficiency= 56.6 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:309"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=0.1*10**6                 #Otto cycle air\nT1=35+273                    #Otto cycle temp degree celsius\nr=9                          #Compression ratio\nQs=1800                      #Supplied heat in kJ/kg\nv1=9                                                 \nv2=1\nR=0.287*10**3\ngamma=1.4\nCv=0.718\n\n\n\n#calculation\nT2=(T1*((v1/v2)**(gamma-1))) #Temperature at point 2 in K\nP2=(P1*((v1/v2)**1.4))*10**-6         #pressure at point 2 in MPa \nT3=((Qs/Cv)+(T2))            #Max temp of cycle in degree celsius\nP3=(T3/T2*P2)        #Max pressure of cycle in MPa\neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1))))#Otto cycle thermal efficiency in %\nWD=(Qs*eta)*10**-2           #Work done during the cycle in KJ/Kg\nv1=((R*T1)/P1)               #Char gass equation in m**3/Kg\nv2=v1/r                      #Char gass equation in m**3/Kg\nSv=v1-v2                     #Swept volume in m**3/Kg\nPme=(WD/Sv)*10**-3           #Mean effective pressure in MPa\nalpha=P3/P2                  #Explosion ratio\nPm=(((P1*r)/((r-1)*(gamma-1)))*(((r**(gamma-1))-1)*(alpha-1)))*10**-6#Mean effective pressure in MPa\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Temperature at point=\",round(T2,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"pressure at point=\",round(P2,3),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"Max temp of cycle=\",round(T3,3),\"K\")\nprint(\"Max pressure= \",round(P3,1),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"Otto cycle thermal efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\nprint(\"Work done during the cycle=\",round(WD,),\"J/Kg\")\nprint(\"Char gass equation=\",round(v1,3),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Char gass equation=\",round(v2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Swept volume=\",round(Sv,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure=\",round(Pme,2),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"Explosion ratio=\",round(alpha,2))\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"MPa\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Temperature at point= 741.7 K\npressure at point= 2.167 MPa\nMax temp of cycle= 3248.697 K\nMax pressure=  9.5 MPa\nOtto cycle thermal efficiency= 58.5 %\nWork done during the cycle= 1053 J/Kg\nChar gass equation= 0.884 m**3/Kg\nChar gass equation= 0.0982 m**3/Kg\nSwept volume= 0.7857 m**3/Kg\nMean effective pressure= 1.34 MPa\nExplosion ratio= 4.38\nMean effective pressure= 1.34 MPa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:311"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=0.1                    #Beginning compression in MPa\nT1=40+273                 #Beginning temp in degree celsius\neta=0.55                  #Standard effeciency in %\nQR=540                    #Rejected heat in KJ/Kg\nr=7.36                    #Compression ratio\n\n\n#calculation\n#eta=(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1))))\nQS=(-QR/(eta-1))          #Heat supplied/unit mass in KJ/Kg\nWD=QS-QR                  #Work done per Kg of air in KJ/Kg\nT2=T1*(r**(gamma-1))      #Temp at end of compression in K\nP2=P1*((r)**gamma)        #pressure at point 2 in MPa\nT3=(QS/Cv)+T2             #max temp of the cycle in K\nP3=(T3/T2)*P2             #max pressure of the cycle in MPa\n\n#output\nprint(\"Heat supplied/unit mass=\",round(QS,),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Work done per Kg of air= \",round(WD,),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Temp at end of compression=\",round(T2,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"pressure at point two=\",round(P2,3),\" MPa\")\nprint(\"max temp of the cycle=\",round(T3,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"max pressure of the cycle=\",round(P3,3),\" MPa\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Heat supplied/unit mass= 1200 KJ/Kg\nWork done per Kg of air=  660 KJ/Kg\nTemp at end of compression= 695.5 K\npressure at point two= 1.635  MPa\nmax temp of the cycle= 2366.8 K\nmax pressure of the cycle= 5.565  MPa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:312"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nT1=300                            #Initial temp in K\nT3=2500                           #Final temp in K\nP1=1                              #Initial pressure in N/m**2\nP3=50                             #Final pressure in N/m**2\ngamma=1.4\nCv=0.718\n\n#calculation\nr=(P3*T1)/(P1*T3)                    #Compression ratio\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1)))             #Standard effeciency in %\nT2=T1*((P3/P1)**((gamma-1)/gamma))   #Middle temperature in K\nQs=Cv*(T3-T2)                        #Heat supplied in KJ/Kg\nWD=eta*Qs                            #Work done KJ/Kg\n\n#output\nprint(\"Compression ratio=\",r,\"\")\nprint(\"Standard effeciency=\",round(eta,4),\"%\")\nprint(\"Middle temperature=\",round(T2,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"Heat supplied=\",round(Qs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Work done=\",round(WD,1),\"KJ/Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Compression ratio= 6.0 \nStandard effeciency= 0.5116 %\nMiddle temperature= 917.36 K\nHeat supplied= 1136.33 KJ/Kg\nWork done= 581.4 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No:316"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\nr=18   #compression ratio of diesel engine\nK=6    #cut-off ratio of the stroke in%\nrho=2.02 \n\n#calculation\n#diesel engine air standard efficiency\neta=100*((1-(1/r**(gamma-1)))*(1/gamma*(rho**(gamma-1)/(rho-1))))\n\n#output\nprint(\"diesel engine air standard efficiency\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "diesel engine air standard efficiency 63.6 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input Data\nr=22              #compression ratio of diesel engine r=v1/v2\nr1=11             #expansion ratio r1=v4/v3\ngamma=1.4\nrho=1.4\n\n#calculation\nrho=r/r1          #cut-off ratio\n#diesel engine air standard efficiency \neta=100*((1-(1/r**(gamma-1)))*(1/gamma*(rho**(gamma-1)/(rho-1))))\n\n#output\nprint(\"cut-off ratio=\",rho,)\nprint(\"diesel engine air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "cut-off ratio= 2.0\ndiesel engine air standard efficiency= 66.88 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nVc=10/100              #Clearance volume in %          \nVs=Vc/0.1              \nK=0.05                 #Cut-off of the strok in \ngamma=1.4\n\n#Calculation\nr=((Vs+Vc)/(Vc))       #Compression ratio\nrho=1+K*(r-1)          #Cut-off ratio\n#Effeciency in %\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100\n\n#output\nprint(\"Compression ratio=\",r,\"Vs\")\nprint(\"Cut-off ratio=\",rho,)\nprint(\"Effeciency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Compression ratio= 11.0 Vs\nCut-off ratio= 1.5\nEffeciency= 58.17 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nT1=50+273          #Temperature at the beginning of the compression\nT2=700+273         #Temperature at the end of the compression\nT3=2000+273        #Temperature at the beginning of the expansion\n\n\n#Calculation\nr=((T2/T1)**(1/(gamma-1))) #Compression ratio \nrho=(T3/T2)                #Cut-off ratio\nK=((rho-1)/(r-1))          #Also cut-off ratio\n#Air standard efficiency\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100\n\n#Output\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r,2),\"\")\nprint(\"cut-off ratio=\",round(rho,3),)\nprint(\"also cut-off ratio=\",round(K,2),\"\")\nprint(\"air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "compression ratio= 15.75 \ncut-off ratio= 2.336\nalso cut-off ratio= 0.09 \nair standard efficiency= 59.54 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 15 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=0.1            #Diesel cycle is supplied# with air in MPa\nT1=40+273         #Diesel cycle is supplied with temperature in degree celsius \nr=18              #Compression ratio\nQs=1500           #Heat supplied\nv1=18\nv2=1\nCp=1.005\n\n\n#Calculation\nT2=T1*((v1/v2)**(gamma-1)) #For isentropic process the temperature is\nP2=P1*((v1/v2)**(gamma))   #For isentropic process the pressure is\nT3=(Qs/Cp)+T2              #Maximum temperatureof the cycle\nrho=T3/T2                  #Cut-off ratio\n#Air standard efficiency\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100\nNWD=(Qs*eta)*10**-2                  #Net work done\n\n#Output\nprint(\"for isentropic process the temperature=\",round(T2,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"for isentropic process the pressure=\",round(P2,2),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"maximum temperatureof the cycle=\",round(T3,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"cut-off ratio=\",round(rho,1),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"net work done=\",round(NWD,),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "for isentropic process the temperature= 994.6 K\nfor isentropic process the pressure= 5.72 MPa\nmaximum temperatureof the cycle= 2487.15 K\ncut-off ratio= 2.5 MPa\nair standard efficiency= 60.93 %\nnet work done= 914 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 16 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nr=14               #compression ratio of standard diesel cycle\nP1=1               #compression stroke in bar\nT1=300             #temperature of air in k\nT3=2774            #temperature rises in k\nCP=1.005\nv1=14\nv2=1\ngamma=1.4\nQs=1921.43\nR=0.287*10**3\n\n\n#calculation\nT2=T1*((v1/v2)**(gamma-1))      #constant pressure\nrho=T3/T2                       #cut-off ratio\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100 #air standard efficiency\nHS=(CP*(T3-T2))                 #heat supplied\nWD=(Qs*eta)*10**-2                     #Net work done\nv1=(R*T1/P1) *10**-5                     #characteristics gas equation\nv2=(v1/r )                       #characteristics gas equation\nSv=(v1-v2)                       #Swept volume\nPme=(WD/Sv )*10**-2                     #Mean effective pressur\nPm=((P1*r)/((r-1)*(gamma-1)))*((gamma*(r**(gamma-1)))*(rho-1)-((rho**(gamma))-1))# mean effective pressure \n\n\n#output\nprint(\"constant pressure=\",round(T2,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"cut-off ratio= \",round(rho,2),)\nprint(\"air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"heat supplied= \",round(HS,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Net work done= \",round(WD,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"characteristics gas equation= \",round(v1,3),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"characteristics gas equation= \",round(v2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Swept volume= \",round(Sv,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure= \",round(Pme,1),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure= \",round(Pm,1),\"bar\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "constant pressure= 862.13 K\ncut-off ratio=  3.22\nair standard efficiency= 53.65 %\nheat supplied=  1921.43 KJ/Kg\nNet work done=  1030.91 KJ/Kg\ncharacteristics gas equation=  0.861 m**3/Kg\ncharacteristics gas equation=  0.0615 m**3/Kg\nSwept volume=  0.7995 m**3/Kg\nMean effective pressure=  12.9 bar\nMean effective pressure=  12.9 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C_m7SxTPj.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C_m7SxTPj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 18622795..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_C_m7SxTPj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,356 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": " Chapter 14 Air Standard Cycles"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 14 Air Standard Cycles"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:302"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nTmax=477+273        #Temperature limits for the engine 477 degree celcius\nTmin=27+273         #Temperature limits for the engine 27 degree celcius\nwd=150              #Carnot cycle produce in KJ\n\n#Calculatkion\neta=(1-(Tmin/Tmax)) #Thermal efficiency of the carnot cycle in %\nQs=(wd/eta)         #Added during the process in Kj\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"thermal efficiency of the carnot cycle eta=\",100*(eta),\"%\")\nprint(\"added during the process Qs=\",Qs,\"KJ\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "thermal efficiency of the carnot cycle eta= 60.0 %\nadded during the process Qs= 250.0 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:302"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQR=1.5                 #tau=QS-QR\n                       #T=Tmax-Tmin\nT=300                  #temperature limit of the cycle in degree celsius\n\n\n#Calculation\n#QR=1.5*(QS-QR)\nQR=(1.5/2.5)           #Engin work on carnot cycle\neta=(1-QR)             #Thermal effeciency\nTmax=(T/eta)-273.15    #Maximum temperataure\nTmin=(Tmax-T)          #Minimum temperataure\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Engin work on carnot cycle=\",QR,\"QS\")\nprint(\"Thermal effeciency=\",100*(eta),\"%\")\nprint(\"Maximum temperataure=\",round(Tmax,),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Minimum temperataure=\",round(Tmin,),\"degree celsius\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Engin work on carnot cycle= 0.6 QS\nThermal effeciency= 40.0 %\nMaximum temperataure= 477 degree celsius\nMinimum temperataure= 177 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:303"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\n#Refer figure\nimport math\nT1=300                   #Carnot engine work in minimum temperature in kelvin\nT2=750                   #Carnot engine work in maximum temperature kelvin\nP2=50                    #pressure of carnot engine N/m**2\nP4=1                     #pressure of carnot engine N/m**\n#considering air as the working fluid therefore \nR=0.287                  #Air as the working fluid in KJ/Kg K\nCp=1.005                 #KJ/Kg K\nCv=0.718                 #KJ/Kg K\nK=1.4\ngamma=1.4\n\n#Calculation\n#T2/T1=(P2/P1)**(gamma-1)/gamma\nP1=P2*(T1/T2)**(gamma/(gamma-1)) #Pressure at intermediate salient points(1-2) in bar\nP3=P4*(T2/T1)**(gamma/(gamma-1)) #Pressure at intermediate salient points(3-4) in bar\nQS=R*T2*math.log(P2/P3 )         #Heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air  in KJ/Kg\nQR=R*T1*math.log(P1/P4 )         #Heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air  in KJ/Kg\nW=QS-QR                          #Work done in KJ/Kg\neta=(1-(T1/T2))                  #Thermal  of the carnot cycle\n\n#Output\nprint(\"pressure at intermediate salient points(1-2)=\",round(P1,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"pressure at intermediate salient points(3-4)=\",round(P3,1),\"bar\")\nprint(\"heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(2-3)=\",round(QS,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(4-1)=\",round(QR,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"work done=\",round(W,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"thermal  of the carnot cycle=\",100*(eta),\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "pressure at intermediate salient points(1-2)= 2.02 bar\npressure at intermediate salient points(3-4)= 24.7 bar\nheat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(2-3)= 151.8 KJ/Kg\nheat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(4-1)= 60.7 KJ/Kg\nwork done= 91.1 KJ/Kg\nthermal  of the carnot cycle= 60.0 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:304"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data \nimport math\nT2=377+273                  #Carnot cycle temperature in bar      \nP2=20*10**5                 #Carnot cycle pressure in bar\nV2=1\nV1=5\nV3=2\n#consider air as the working fluid therefore\nR=0.287                     #In KJ/Kg K\nCp=1.005                    #In KJ/Kg K\nCv=0.718                    #In KJ/Kg K\nK=1.4\ngamma=1.4\n\n#calculation\nT1=T2*((V2/V1)**(gamma-1))                #Minimum temp in degree celsius\nQs=R*T2*math.log(V3/V2)                   #Heat supplied process in KJ/Kg\nQR=R*T1*math.log((V1/V2)*(V2/V3)*((T2/T1)**(1/(gamma-1)))) #Heat Rejected Process in KJ/Kg\netath=(1-(T1/T2))*100                           #Thermal Effeiciency of the carnot cycle in %\n\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"Minimum temp= \",round(T1,1),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Heat supplied process= \",round(Qs,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Heat Rejected Process= \",round(QR,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Thermal Effeiciency of the carnot cycle= \",round(etath,1),\" %\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Minimum temp=  341.4 degree celsius\nHeat supplied process=  129.3 KJ/Kg\nHeat Rejected Process=  247.5 KJ/Kg\nThermal Effeiciency of the carnot cycle=  47.5  %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:308 "
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=1                          #Isentropic Compression in bar\nP2=20                         #Isentropic Compression in bar\n#consider air as the working fluid therefore\ngamma=1.4\n\n\n#Calculation\nr=(P2/P1)**(1/gamma)          #Isentropic process        \neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1))))#Otto cycle air standard effeciency in %\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r,2),)\nprint(\"standard efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "compression ratio= 8.5\nstandard efficiency= 57.5 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:308"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nT1=27+273                      #Initial temp in degree celsius                        \nT2=450+273                     #Final temp in degree celsius      \n\n#calculation\nr=(T2/T1)**(1/(gamma-1))       #Isentropic process \neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1)))) #Otto cycle air standard effeciency in %\n\n#output\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r),)\nprint(\"standard efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "compression ratio= 9\nstandard efficiency= 58.5 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:309"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nD=200*10**-3                   #Otto cycle cylindrical bore in mm\nL=450*10**-3                   #Otto cycle Stroke in mm\nvc=2*10**-3                    #Clearance volume in mm**3\ngamma=1.4\npi=3.142\n\n#calculation\nvs=(pi/4)*(D**2*L)             #Swept volume\nr=((vs+vc)/vc)                 #Compression ratio\neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1)))) #Standard efficiency\n\n#output\nprint(\"Swept volume=\",round(vs,6),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r,3),)\nprint(\"standard efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Swept volume= 0.014139 m**3\ncompression ratio= 8.07\nstandard efficiency= 56.6 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:309"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=0.1*10**6                 #Otto cycle air\nT1=35+273                    #Otto cycle temp degree celsius\nr=9                          #Compression ratio\nQs=1800                      #Supplied heat in kJ/kg\nv1=9                                                 \nv2=1\nR=0.287*10**3\ngamma=1.4\nCv=0.718\n\n\n\n#calculation\nT2=(T1*((v1/v2)**(gamma-1))) #Temperature at point 2 in K\nP2=(P1*((v1/v2)**1.4))*10**-6         #pressure at point 2 in MPa \nT3=((Qs/Cv)+(T2))            #Max temp of cycle in degree celsius\nP3=(T3/T2*P2)        #Max pressure of cycle in MPa\neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1))))#Otto cycle thermal efficiency in %\nWD=(Qs*eta)*10**-2           #Work done during the cycle in KJ/Kg\nv1=((R*T1)/P1)               #Char gass equation in m**3/Kg\nv2=v1/r                      #Char gass equation in m**3/Kg\nSv=v1-v2                     #Swept volume in m**3/Kg\nPme=(WD/Sv)*10**-3           #Mean effective pressure in MPa\nalpha=P3/P2                  #Explosion ratio\nPm=(((P1*r)/((r-1)*(gamma-1)))*(((r**(gamma-1))-1)*(alpha-1)))*10**-6#Mean effective pressure in MPa\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Temperature at point=\",round(T2,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"pressure at point=\",round(P2,3),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"Max temp of cycle=\",round(T3,3),\"K\")\nprint(\"Max pressure= \",round(P3,1),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"Otto cycle thermal efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\nprint(\"Work done during the cycle=\",round(WD,),\"J/Kg\")\nprint(\"Char gass equation=\",round(v1,3),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Char gass equation=\",round(v2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Swept volume=\",round(Sv,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure=\",round(Pme,2),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"Explosion ratio=\",round(alpha,2))\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"MPa\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Temperature at point= 741.7 K\npressure at point= 2.167 MPa\nMax temp of cycle= 3248.697 K\nMax pressure=  9.5 MPa\nOtto cycle thermal efficiency= 58.5 %\nWork done during the cycle= 1053 J/Kg\nChar gass equation= 0.884 m**3/Kg\nChar gass equation= 0.0982 m**3/Kg\nSwept volume= 0.7857 m**3/Kg\nMean effective pressure= 1.34 MPa\nExplosion ratio= 4.38\nMean effective pressure= 1.34 MPa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:311"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=0.1                    #Beginning compression in MPa\nT1=40+273                 #Beginning temp in degree celsius\neta=0.55                  #Standard effeciency in %\nQR=540                    #Rejected heat in KJ/Kg\nr=7.36                    #Compression ratio\n\n\n#calculation\n#eta=(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1))))\nQS=(-QR/(eta-1))          #Heat supplied/unit mass in KJ/Kg\nWD=QS-QR                  #Work done per Kg of air in KJ/Kg\nT2=T1*(r**(gamma-1))      #Temp at end of compression in K\nP2=P1*((r)**gamma)        #pressure at point 2 in MPa\nT3=(QS/Cv)+T2             #max temp of the cycle in K\nP3=(T3/T2)*P2             #max pressure of the cycle in MPa\n\n#output\nprint(\"Heat supplied/unit mass=\",round(QS,),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Work done per Kg of air= \",round(WD,),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Temp at end of compression=\",round(T2,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"pressure at point two=\",round(P2,3),\" MPa\")\nprint(\"max temp of the cycle=\",round(T3,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"max pressure of the cycle=\",round(P3,3),\" MPa\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Heat supplied/unit mass= 1200 KJ/Kg\nWork done per Kg of air=  660 KJ/Kg\nTemp at end of compression= 695.5 K\npressure at point two= 1.635  MPa\nmax temp of the cycle= 2366.8 K\nmax pressure of the cycle= 5.565  MPa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:312"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nT1=300                            #Initial temp in K\nT3=2500                           #Final temp in K\nP1=1                              #Initial pressure in N/m**2\nP3=50                             #Final pressure in N/m**2\ngamma=1.4\nCv=0.718\n\n#calculation\nr=(P3*T1)/(P1*T3)                    #Compression ratio\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1)))             #Standard effeciency in %\nT2=T1*((P3/P1)**((gamma-1)/gamma))   #Middle temperature in K\nQs=Cv*(T3-T2)                        #Heat supplied in KJ/Kg\nWD=eta*Qs                            #Work done KJ/Kg\n\n#output\nprint(\"Compression ratio=\",r,\"\")\nprint(\"Standard effeciency=\",round(eta,4),\"%\")\nprint(\"Middle temperature=\",round(T2,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"Heat supplied=\",round(Qs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Work done=\",round(WD,1),\"KJ/Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Compression ratio= 6.0 \nStandard effeciency= 0.5116 %\nMiddle temperature= 917.36 K\nHeat supplied= 1136.33 KJ/Kg\nWork done= 581.4 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No:316"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\nr=18   #compression ratio of diesel engine\nK=6    #cut-off ratio of the stroke in%\nrho=2.02 \n\n#calculation\n#diesel engine air standard efficiency\neta=100*((1-(1/r**(gamma-1)))*(1/gamma*(rho**(gamma-1)/(rho-1))))\n\n#output\nprint(\"diesel engine air standard efficiency\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "diesel engine air standard efficiency 63.6 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input Data\nr=22              #compression ratio of diesel engine r=v1/v2\nr1=11             #expansion ratio r1=v4/v3\ngamma=1.4\nrho=1.4\n\n#calculation\nrho=r/r1          #cut-off ratio\n#diesel engine air standard efficiency \neta=100*((1-(1/r**(gamma-1)))*(1/gamma*(rho**(gamma-1)/(rho-1))))\n\n#output\nprint(\"cut-off ratio=\",rho,)\nprint(\"diesel engine air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "cut-off ratio= 2.0\ndiesel engine air standard efficiency= 66.88 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nVc=10/100              #Clearance volume in %          \nVs=Vc/0.1              \nK=0.05                 #Cut-off of the strok in \ngamma=1.4\n\n#Calculation\nr=((Vs+Vc)/(Vc))       #Compression ratio\nrho=1+K*(r-1)          #Cut-off ratio\n#Effeciency in %\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100\n\n#output\nprint(\"Compression ratio=\",r,\"Vs\")\nprint(\"Cut-off ratio=\",rho,)\nprint(\"Effeciency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Compression ratio= 11.0 Vs\nCut-off ratio= 1.5\nEffeciency= 58.17 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nT1=50+273          #Temperature at the beginning of the compression\nT2=700+273         #Temperature at the end of the compression\nT3=2000+273        #Temperature at the beginning of the expansion\n\n\n#Calculation\nr=((T2/T1)**(1/(gamma-1))) #Compression ratio \nrho=(T3/T2)                #Cut-off ratio\nK=((rho-1)/(r-1))          #Also cut-off ratio\n#Air standard efficiency\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100\n\n#Output\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r,2),\"\")\nprint(\"cut-off ratio=\",round(rho,3),)\nprint(\"also cut-off ratio=\",round(K,2),\"\")\nprint(\"air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "compression ratio= 15.75 \ncut-off ratio= 2.336\nalso cut-off ratio= 0.09 \nair standard efficiency= 59.54 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 15 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=0.1            #Diesel cycle is supplied# with air in MPa\nT1=40+273         #Diesel cycle is supplied with temperature in degree celsius \nr=18              #Compression ratio\nQs=1500           #Heat supplied\nv1=18\nv2=1\nCp=1.005\n\n\n#Calculation\nT2=T1*((v1/v2)**(gamma-1)) #For isentropic process the temperature is\nP2=P1*((v1/v2)**(gamma))   #For isentropic process the pressure is\nT3=(Qs/Cp)+T2              #Maximum temperatureof the cycle\nrho=T3/T2                  #Cut-off ratio\n#Air standard efficiency\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100\nNWD=(Qs*eta)*10**-2                  #Net work done\n\n#Output\nprint(\"for isentropic process the temperature=\",round(T2,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"for isentropic process the pressure=\",round(P2,2),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"maximum temperatureof the cycle=\",round(T3,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"cut-off ratio=\",round(rho,1),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"net work done=\",round(NWD,),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "for isentropic process the temperature= 994.6 K\nfor isentropic process the pressure= 5.72 MPa\nmaximum temperatureof the cycle= 2487.15 K\ncut-off ratio= 2.5 MPa\nair standard efficiency= 60.93 %\nnet work done= 914 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 16 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nr=14               #compression ratio of standard diesel cycle\nP1=1               #compression stroke in bar\nT1=300             #temperature of air in k\nT3=2774            #temperature rises in k\nCP=1.005\nv1=14\nv2=1\ngamma=1.4\nQs=1921.43\nR=0.287*10**3\n\n\n#calculation\nT2=T1*((v1/v2)**(gamma-1))      #constant pressure\nrho=T3/T2                       #cut-off ratio\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100 #air standard efficiency\nHS=(CP*(T3-T2))                 #heat supplied\nWD=(Qs*eta)*10**-2                     #Net work done\nv1=(R*T1/P1) *10**-5                     #characteristics gas equation\nv2=(v1/r )                       #characteristics gas equation\nSv=(v1-v2)                       #Swept volume\nPme=(WD/Sv )*10**-2                     #Mean effective pressur\nPm=((P1*r)/((r-1)*(gamma-1)))*((gamma*(r**(gamma-1)))*(rho-1)-((rho**(gamma))-1))# mean effective pressure \n\n\n#output\nprint(\"constant pressure=\",round(T2,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"cut-off ratio= \",round(rho,2),)\nprint(\"air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"heat supplied= \",round(HS,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Net work done= \",round(WD,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"characteristics gas equation= \",round(v1,3),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"characteristics gas equation= \",round(v2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Swept volume= \",round(Sv,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure= \",round(Pme,1),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure= \",round(Pm,1),\"bar\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "constant pressure= 862.13 K\ncut-off ratio=  3.22\nair standard efficiency= 53.65 %\nheat supplied=  1921.43 KJ/Kg\nNet work done=  1030.91 KJ/Kg\ncharacteristics gas equation=  0.861 m**3/Kg\ncharacteristics gas equation=  0.0615 m**3/Kg\nSwept volume=  0.7995 m**3/Kg\nMean effective pressure=  12.9 bar\nMean effective pressure=  12.9 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_Cycles.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_Cycles.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a968e2ca..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_14_Air_Standard_Cycles.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,358 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": " Chapter 14 Air Standard Cycles"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:302"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nTmax=477+273        #Temperature limits for the engine 477 degree celcius\nTmin=27+273         #Temperature limits for the engine 27 degree celcius\nwd=150              #Carnot cycle produce in KJ\n\n#Calculatkion\neta=(1-(Tmin/Tmax)) #Thermal efficiency of the carnot cycle in %\nQs=(wd/eta)         #Added during the process in Kj\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"thermal efficiency of the carnot cycle eta=\",100*(eta),\"%\")\nprint(\"added during the process Qs=\",Qs,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "thermal efficiency of the carnot cycle eta= 60.0 %\nadded during the process Qs= 250.0 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:302"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQR=1.5                 #tau=QS-QR\n                       #T=Tmax-Tmin\nT=300                  #temperature limit of the cycle in degree celsius\n\n\n#Calculation\n#QR=1.5*(QS-QR)\nQR=(1.5/2.5)           #Engin work on carnot cycle\neta=(1-QR)             #Thermal effeciency\nTmax=(T/eta)-273.15    #Maximum temperataure\nTmin=(Tmax-T)          #Minimum temperataure\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Engin work on carnot cycle=\",QR,\"QS\")\nprint(\"Thermal effeciency=\",100*(eta),\"%\")\nprint(\"Maximum temperataure=\",round(Tmax,),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Minimum temperataure=\",round(Tmin,),\"degree celsius\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Engin work on carnot cycle= 0.6 QS\nThermal effeciency= 40.0 %\nMaximum temperataure= 477 degree celsius\nMinimum temperataure= 177 degree celsius\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:303"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\n#Refer figure\nimport math\nT1=300                   #Carnot engine work in minimum temperature in kelvin\nT2=750                   #Carnot engine work in maximum temperature kelvin\nP2=50                    #pressure of carnot engine N/m**2\nP4=1                     #pressure of carnot engine N/m**\n#considering air as the working fluid therefore \nR=0.287                  #Air as the working fluid in KJ/Kg K\nCp=1.005                 #KJ/Kg K\nCv=0.718                 #KJ/Kg K\nK=1.4\ngamma=1.4\n\n#Calculation\n#T2/T1=(P2/P1)**(gamma-1)/gamma\nP1=P2*(T1/T2)**(gamma/(gamma-1)) #Pressure at intermediate salient points(1-2) in bar\nP3=P4*(T2/T1)**(gamma/(gamma-1)) #Pressure at intermediate salient points(3-4) in bar\nQS=R*T2*math.log(P2/P3 )         #Heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air  in KJ/Kg\nQR=R*T1*math.log(P1/P4 )         #Heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air  in KJ/Kg\nW=QS-QR                          #Work done in KJ/Kg\neta=(1-(T1/T2))                  #Thermal  of the carnot cycle\n\n#Output\nprint(\"pressure at intermediate salient points(1-2)=\",round(P1,2),\"bar\")\nprint(\"pressure at intermediate salient points(3-4)=\",round(P3,1),\"bar\")\nprint(\"heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(2-3)=\",round(QS,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"heat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(4-1)=\",round(QR,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"work done=\",round(W,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"thermal  of the carnot cycle=\",100*(eta),\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "pressure at intermediate salient points(1-2)= 2.02 bar\npressure at intermediate salient points(3-4)= 24.7 bar\nheat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(2-3)= 151.8 KJ/Kg\nheat supplied and rejected per Kg of air(4-1)= 60.7 KJ/Kg\nwork done= 91.1 KJ/Kg\nthermal  of the carnot cycle= 60.0 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:304"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data \nimport math\nT2=377+273                  #Carnot cycle temperature in bar      \nP2=20*10**5                 #Carnot cycle pressure in bar\nV2=1\nV1=5\nV3=2\n#consider air as the working fluid therefore\nR=0.287                     #In KJ/Kg K\nCp=1.005                    #In KJ/Kg K\nCv=0.718                    #In KJ/Kg K\nK=1.4\ngamma=1.4\n\n#calculation\nT1=T2*((v2/v1)**(gamma-1))                #Minimum temp in degree celsius\nQs=R*T2*math.log(V3/V2)                   #Heat supplied process in KJ/Kg\nQR=R*T1*math.log((V1/V2)*(V2/V3)*((T2/T1)**(1/(gamma-1)))) #Heat Rejected Process in KJ/Kg\netath=(1-(T1/T2))*100                           #Thermal Effeiciency of the carnot cycle in %\n\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"Minimum temp= \",round(T1,1),\"degree celsius\")\nprint(\"Heat supplied process= \",round(Qs,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Heat Rejected Process= \",round(QR,1),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Thermal Effeiciency of the carnot cycle= \",round(etath,1),\" %\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Minimum temp=  341.4 degree celsius\nHeat supplied process=  129.3 KJ/Kg\nHeat Rejected Process=  247.5 KJ/Kg\nThermal Effeiciency of the carnot cycle=  47.5  %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:308 "
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=1                          #Isentropic Compression in bar\nP2=20                         #Isentropic Compression in bar\n#consider air as the working fluid therefore\ngamma=1.4\n\n\n#Calculation\nr=(P2/P1)**(1/gamma)          #Isentropic process        \neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1))))#Otto cycle air standard effeciency in %\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r,2),)\nprint(\"standard efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "compression ratio= 8.5\nstandard efficiency= 57.5 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:308"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nT1=27+273                      #Initial temp in degree celsius                        \nT2=450+273                     #Final temp in degree celsius      \n\n#calculation\nr=(T2/T1)**(1/(gamma-1))       #Isentropic process \neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1)))) #Otto cycle air standard effeciency in %\n\n#output\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r),)\nprint(\"standard efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "compression ratio= 9\nstandard efficiency= 58.5 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:309"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nD=200*10**-3                   #Otto cycle cylindrical bore in mm\nL=450*10**-3                   #Otto cycle Stroke in mm\nvc=2*10**-3                    #Clearance volume in mm**3\ngamma=1.4\npi=3.142\n\n#calculation\nvs=(pi/4)*(D**2*L)             #Swept volume\nr=((vs+vc)/vc)                 #Compression ratio\neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1)))) #Standard efficiency\n\n#output\nprint(\"Swept volume=\",round(vs,6),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r,3),)\nprint(\"standard efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Swept volume= 0.014139 m**3\ncompression ratio= 8.07\nstandard efficiency= 56.6 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:309"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=0.1*10**6                 #Otto cycle air\nT1=35+273                    #Otto cycle temp degree celsius\nr=9                          #Compression ratio\nQs=1800                      #Supplied heat in kJ/kg\nv1=9                                                 \nv2=1\nR=0.287*10**3\ngamma=1.4\nCv=0.718\n\n\n\n#calculation\nT2=(T1*((v1/v2)**(gamma-1))) #Temperature at point 2 in K\nP2=(P1*((v1/v2)**1.4))*10**-6         #pressure at point 2 in MPa \nT3=((Qs/Cv)+(T2))            #Max temp of cycle in degree celsius\nP3=(T3/T2*P2)        #Max pressure of cycle in MPa\neta=100*(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1))))#Otto cycle thermal efficiency in %\nWD=(Qs*eta)*10**-2           #Work done during the cycle in KJ/Kg\nv1=((R*T1)/P1)               #Char gass equation in m**3/Kg\nv2=v1/r                      #Char gass equation in m**3/Kg\nSv=v1-v2                     #Swept volume in m**3/Kg\nPme=(WD/Sv)*10**-3           #Mean effective pressure in MPa\nalpha=P3/P2                  #Explosion ratio\nPm=(((P1*r)/((r-1)*(gamma-1)))*(((r**(gamma-1))-1)*(alpha-1)))*10**-6#Mean effective pressure in MPa\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Temperature at point=\",round(T2,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"pressure at point=\",round(P2,3),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"Max temp of cycle=\",round(T3,3),\"K\")\nprint(\"Max pressure= \",round(P3,1),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"Otto cycle thermal efficiency=\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\nprint(\"Work done during the cycle=\",round(WD,),\"J/Kg\")\nprint(\"Char gass equation=\",round(v1,3),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Char gass equation=\",round(v2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Swept volume=\",round(Sv,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure=\",round(Pme,2),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"Explosion ratio=\",round(alpha,2))\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure=\",round(Pm,2),\"MPa\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Temperature at point= 741.7 K\npressure at point= 2.167 MPa\nMax temp of cycle= 3248.697 K\nMax pressure=  9.5 MPa\nOtto cycle thermal efficiency= 58.5 %\nWork done during the cycle= 1053 J/Kg\nChar gass equation= 0.884 m**3/Kg\nChar gass equation= 0.0982 m**3/Kg\nSwept volume= 0.7857 m**3/Kg\nMean effective pressure= 1.34 MPa\nExplosion ratio= 4.38\nMean effective pressure= 1.34 MPa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 165
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:311"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=0.1                    #Beginning compression in MPa\nT1=40+273                 #Beginning temp in degree celsius\neta=0.55                  #Standard effeciency in %\nQR=540                    #Rejected heat in KJ/Kg\nr=7.36                    #Compression ratio\n\n\n#calculation\n#eta=(1-(1/(r**(gamma-1))))\nQS=(-QR/(eta-1))          #Heat supplied/unit mass in KJ/Kg\nWD=QS-QR                  #Work done per Kg of air in KJ/Kg\nT2=T1*(r**(gamma-1))      #Temp at end of compression in K\nP2=P1*((r)**gamma)        #pressure at point 2 in MPa\nT3=(QS/Cv)+T2             #max temp of the cycle in K\nP3=(T3/T2)*P2             #max pressure of the cycle in MPa\n\n#output\nprint(\"Heat supplied/unit mass=\",round(QS,),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Work done per Kg of air= \",round(WD,),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Temp at end of compression=\",round(T2,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"pressure at point two=\",round(P2,3),\" MPa\")\nprint(\"max temp of the cycle=\",round(T3,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"max pressure of the cycle=\",round(P3,3),\" MPa\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Heat supplied/unit mass= 1200 KJ/Kg\nWork done per Kg of air=  660 KJ/Kg\nTemp at end of compression= 695.5 K\npressure at point two= 1.635  MPa\nmax temp of the cycle= 2366.8 K\nmax pressure of the cycle= 5.565  MPa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:312"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nT1=300                            #Initial temp in K\nT3=2500                           #Final temp in K\nP1=1                              #Initial pressure in N/m**2\nP3=50                             #Final pressure in N/m**2\ngamma=1.4\nCv=0.718\n\n#calculation\nr=(P3*T1)/(P1*T3)                    #Compression ratio\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1)))             #Standard effeciency in %\nT2=T1*((P3/P1)**((gamma-1)/gamma))   #Middle temperature in K\nQs=Cv*(T3-T2)                        #Heat supplied in KJ/Kg\nWD=eta*Qs                            #Work done KJ/Kg\n\n#output\nprint(\"Compression ratio=\",r,\"\")\nprint(\"Standard effeciency=\",round(eta,4),\"%\")\nprint(\"Middle temperature=\",round(T2,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"Heat supplied=\",round(Qs,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Work done=\",round(WD,1),\"KJ/Kg\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Compression ratio= 6.0 \nStandard effeciency= 0.5116 %\nMiddle temperature= 917.36 K\nHeat supplied= 1136.33 KJ/Kg\nWork done= 581.4 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 84
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No:316"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\nr=18   #compression ratio of diesel engine\nK=6    #cut-off ratio of the stroke in%\nrho=2.02 \n\n#calculation\n#diesel engine air standard efficiency\neta=100*((1-(1/r**(gamma-1)))*(1/gamma*(rho**(gamma-1)/(rho-1))))\n\n#output\nprint(\"diesel engine air standard efficiency\",round(eta,1),\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "diesel engine air standard efficiency 63.6 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 87
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input Data\nr=22              #compression ratio of diesel engine r=v1/v2\nr1=11             #expansion ratio r1=v4/v3\ngamma=1.4\nrho=1.4\n\n#calculation\nrho=r/r1          #cut-off ratio\n#diesel engine air standard efficiency \neta=100*((1-(1/r**(gamma-1)))*(1/gamma*(rho**(gamma-1)/(rho-1))))\n\n#output\nprint(\"cut-off ratio=\",rho,)\nprint(\"diesel engine air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "cut-off ratio= 2.0\ndiesel engine air standard efficiency= 66.88 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 88
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nVc=10/100              #Clearance volume in %          \nVs=Vc/0.1              \nK=0.05                 #Cut-off of the strok in \ngamma=1.4\n\n#Calculation\nr=((Vs+Vc)/(Vc))       #Compression ratio\nrho=1+K*(r-1)          #Cut-off ratio\n#Effeciency in %\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100\n\n#output\nprint(\"Compression ratio=\",r,\"Vs\")\nprint(\"Cut-off ratio=\",rho,)\nprint(\"Effeciency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Compression ratio= 11.0 Vs\nCut-off ratio= 1.5\nEffeciency= 58.17 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 107
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nT1=50+273          #Temperature at the beginning of the compression\nT2=700+273         #Temperature at the end of the compression\nT3=2000+273        #Temperature at the beginning of the expansion\n\n\n#Calculation\nr=((T2/T1)**(1/(gamma-1))) #Compression ratio \nrho=(T3/T2)                #Cut-off ratio\nK=((rho-1)/(r-1))          #Also cut-off ratio\n#Air standard efficiency\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100\n\n#Output\nprint(\"compression ratio=\",round(r,2),\"\")\nprint(\"cut-off ratio=\",round(rho,3),)\nprint(\"also cut-off ratio=\",round(K,2),\"\")\nprint(\"air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "compression ratio= 15.75 \ncut-off ratio= 2.336\nalso cut-off ratio= 0.09 \nair standard efficiency= 59.54 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 122
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 15 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nP1=0.1            #Diesel cycle is supplied# with air in MPa\nT1=40+273         #Diesel cycle is supplied with temperature in degree celsius \nr=18              #Compression ratio\nQs=1500           #Heat supplied\nv1=18\nv2=1\nCp=1.005\n\n\n#Calculation\nT2=T1*((v1/v2)**(gamma-1)) #For isentropic process the temperature is\nP2=P1*((v1/v2)**(gamma))   #For isentropic process the pressure is\nT3=(Qs/Cp)+T2              #Maximum temperatureof the cycle\nrho=T3/T2                  #Cut-off ratio\n#Air standard efficiency\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100\nNWD=(Qs*eta)*10**-2                  #Net work done\n\n#Output\nprint(\"for isentropic process the temperature=\",round(T2,1),\"K\")\nprint(\"for isentropic process the pressure=\",round(P2,2),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"maximum temperatureof the cycle=\",round(T3,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"cut-off ratio=\",round(rho,1),\"MPa\")\nprint(\"air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"net work done=\",round(NWD,),\"KJ/Kg\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "for isentropic process the temperature= 994.6 K\nfor isentropic process the pressure= 5.72 MPa\nmaximum temperatureof the cycle= 2487.15 K\ncut-off ratio= 2.5 MPa\nair standard efficiency= 60.93 %\nnet work done= 914 KJ/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 130
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 16 Page No:317"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nr=14               #compression ratio of standard diesel cycle\nP1=1               #compression stroke in bar\nT1=300             #temperature of air in k\nT3=2774            #temperature rises in k\nCP=1.005\nv1=14\nv2=1\ngamma=1.4\nQs=1921.43\nR=0.287*10**3\n\n\n#calculation\nT2=T1*((v1/v2)**(gamma-1))      #constant pressure\nrho=T3/T2                       #cut-off ratio\neta=(1-(1/r**(gamma-1))*((1/gamma)*(((rho**(gamma))-1)/(rho-1))))*100 #air standard efficiency\nHS=(CP*(T3-T2))                 #heat supplied\nWD=(Qs*eta)*10**-2                     #Net work done\nv1=(R*T1/P1) *10**-5                     #characteristics gas equation\nv2=(v1/r )                       #characteristics gas equation\nSv=(v1-v2)                       #Swept volume\nPme=(WD/Sv )*10**-2                     #Mean effective pressur\nPm=((P1*r)/((r-1)*(gamma-1)))*((gamma*(r**(gamma-1)))*(rho-1)-((rho**(gamma))-1))# mean effective pressure \n\n\n#output\nprint(\"constant pressure=\",round(T2,2),\"K\")\nprint(\"cut-off ratio= \",round(rho,2),)\nprint(\"air standard efficiency=\",round(eta,2),\"%\")\nprint(\"heat supplied= \",round(HS,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"Net work done= \",round(WD,2),\"KJ/Kg\")\nprint(\"characteristics gas equation= \",round(v1,3),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"characteristics gas equation= \",round(v2,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Swept volume= \",round(Sv,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure= \",round(Pme,1),\"bar\")\nprint(\"Mean effective pressure= \",round(Pm,1),\"bar\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "constant pressure= 862.13 K\ncut-off ratio=  3.22\nair standard efficiency= 53.65 %\nheat supplied=  1921.43 KJ/Kg\nNet work done=  1030.91 KJ/Kg\ncharacteristics gas equation=  0.861 m**3/Kg\ncharacteristics gas equation=  0.0615 m**3/Kg\nSwept volume=  0.7995 m**3/Kg\nMean effective pressure=  12.9 bar\nMean effective pressure=  12.9 bar\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 155
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M_CMataUP.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of.ipynb
index 67b98032..67b98032 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M_CMataUP.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M_e2YmLgl.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M.ipynb
index b38e548f..b38e548f 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M_e2YmLgl.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M_wf5N1Po.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M_wf5N1Po.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 67b98032..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M_wf5N1Po.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,146 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 2 Properties Of Material"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 2 Properties Of Material"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:19"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nL=5                       #Length of steel bar in m\nd=25*10**-3               #Diametr of steel bar in mm\ndeltaLt=25*10**-3         #Steel \npt=800                    #Power load of steel bar in N\n\n\n#Calculation\nA=((pi/4)*((deltaLt)**2)) #Cross-section area\nsigmat=(pt)/(A)           #Stress in  steel bar\net=(deltaLt)/L            #Strain in steel bar\nE=((sigmat)/(et))         #Young's modulus\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"value of Cross-section area=\",A,\"m**2\")\nprint(\"value of tress in  steel bar=\",sigmat,\"MN/m**2\")\nprint(\"value of strain in steel bar=  \",et)\nprint(\"value of Young's modulus= \",E,\"N/m**2\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "value of Cross-section area= 0.0004919062500000002 m**2\nvalue of tress in  steel bar= 1626326.154628041 MN/m**2\nvalue of strain in steel bar=   0.005\nvalue of Young's modulus=  325265230.92560816 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:20\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nL=300*10**-3        #Length of hexagonal prismatic steel bar in mm\nA=500*10**-6        #Area of cross section of steel bar mm**2\nPt=500*10**3        #Load of steel bar in KN\nE=210*10**9         #Modulus of elasticity GN/m**2\n\n#Calculation\nsigmat=((Pt)/(A))   #Stress in steel bar\net=((sigmat)/(E))   #Strain steel bar is\ndeltaLt=((et)*(L))  #Therefore,elongation of the steel bar is given by\n\n#Output\nprint('stress in steel bar=',sigmat,\"N/m**2\")\nprint('therefore,strain steel bar is given by=',et,)\nprint('therefore,elongation of the steel bar is given by=',deltaLt,\"m\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "stress in steel bar = 1000000000.0 N/m**2\ntherefore,strain steel bar is given by = 0.004761904761904762\ntherefore,elongation of the steel bar is given by= 0.0014285714285714286 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:21\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input Data\nPt=600                  #Tensils force in N\nd=2*10**-3              #Diameter of steel wire in mm\nL=15                    #Length of wire in m\nE=210*10**9             #Modulus of elasticity of the material in GN/M**2\npi=3.1482\n\n\n#Calculation\nA=((pi/4)*((d)**2))     #(1)cross section area\nsigmat=(Pt)/(A)         #stress in the steel wire \net=((sigmat)/(E))       #(2)Therefore, strain in steel wire is given by\ndeltaLt=et*L            #(3)Enlongation of the steel wire is given by \npe=((deltaLt/L)*100)    #(4)Percentage elongation\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"cross section area= \",A,\"m**2\")\nprint(\"stress in the steel wire=\",sigmat,\"GN/m**2\")\nprint(\"modulus of elasticity=\",et)\nprint(\"strain in steel wire=\",deltaLt,\"mm\")\nprint(\"percentage elongation= \",pe,\"%\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "cross section area=  3.1481999999999998e-06 m**2\nstress in the steel wire= 190585096.24547362 GN/m**2\nmodulus of elasticity= 0.0009075480773593982\nstrain in steel wire= 0.013613221160390973 mm\npercentage elongation=  0.09075480773593982 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:22\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nA=30*30*10**-6      #Area of square rod in mm**2\nL=5                 #Length of square rod in m\nPc=150*10**3        #Axial comperessive load of a rod  in kN\nE=215*10**9         #Modulus of elasticity in GN/m**2\n\n\n#Calculation\nsigmac=((Pc)/(A))   #Stress in square rod\nec=((sigmac)/(E))   #Modulusof elasticity is E=sigmac/ec ,therefore strain in square rod is\ndeltaLc=ec*5        #Therefore shortening of length of the rod \n\n\n#Output\nprint (\"stress in square rod\",sigmac,\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"strain in square rod ec=\",ec,)\nprint(\"shortening of length of the rod=\",deltaLc,\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "stress in square rod 166666666.66666666 N/m**2\nstrain in square rod ec= 0.0007751937984496124\nshortening of length of the rod= 0.003875968992248062 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:23"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\nd=50*10**-6                #Diameter of metalic rod in mm**2\nL=220*10**-3               #Length of metalic rod in mm\nPt=40*10**3                #Load of metalic rod in KN\ndeltaLt=0.03*10**-3        #Elastic enlongation in mm\nypl=160*10**3              #Yield point load in KN\nml=250*10**3               #Maximum load in KN\nlsf=270*10**-3             #Length of specimen at fracture in mm\npi=3.1482\n\n#calculation\nA=(((pi)/(4)*((d)**2)))    #(1)Cross section area\nsigmat=(Pt/A)              #Stress in metallic rod\net=(deltaLt/L)             #Strain n metallic rod\nE=(sigmat/et)              #Young's modulus\nys=(ypl/A)                 #(2)Yeild strength\nuts=(ml/A)                 #(3)Ultimate tensile strength\nPebf=((lsf-L)/L)*100       #Percentage elongation before fracture \n\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"cross section area\",A,\"m**2\")\nprint(\"stress in metallic rod\",sigmat,\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"strain n metallic rod\",et,)\nprint(\"young's modulus\",E,\"GN/m**2\")\nprint(\"yeild strength\",ys,\"MN/m**2\")\nprint(\"ultimate tensile strength\",uts,\"MN/m**2\")\nprint(\"percentage elongation before fracture\",Pebf,\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "cross section area 1.967625e-09 m**2\nstress in metallic rod 20329076932850.52 N/m**2\nstrain n metallic rod 0.00013636363636363637\nyoung's modulus 1.4907989750757046e+17 GN/m**2\nyeild strength 81316307731402.08 MN/m**2\nultimate tensile strength 127056730830315.75 MN/m**2\npercentage elongation before fracture 22.727272727272734 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:24\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nA=50*50*10**-6                 #Area ofsquare metal bar in mm**2\nPc=600*10**3                   #Axial compress laod in KN\nL=200*10**-3                   #Gauge length of metal bar in mm\ndeltaLc=0.4*10**-3             #Contraction length of metal bar in mm\ndeltaLlateral=0.05*10**-3      #Lateral length of metal bar in mm\n\n#Calculation\nsigmac=((Pc)/(A))              #Stress in square metal bar \nec=((deltaLc)/(L))             #Longitudinal or linear strain in square metal bar\nE =((sigmac)/(ec))             #Smodule of elasticity\nelateral=((deltaLlateral)/(L)) #Lateral strain in square metal bar\npoissonsratio=(elateral)/(ec)\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"stress in bar=\",sigmac,\"n/m**2\")\nprint(\"longitudinal or linear strain in square metal bar=\",ec,)\nprint(\"module of elasticity=\",E,\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"lateral strain in square metal bar=\",elateral,)\nprint(\"poissons ratio=\",poissonsratio,)\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "stress in bar= 240000000.0 n/m**2\nlongitudinal or linear strain in square metal bar= 0.002\nmodule of elasticity= 120000000000.0 N/m**2\nlateral strain in square metal bar= 0.00025\npoissons ratio= 0.125\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M_xMKkegG.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M_xMKkegG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index eb85bafb..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_M_xMKkegG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,146 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 2 Properties Of Material"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 2 Properties Of Material"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:19"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nL=5                       #Length of steel bar in m\nd=25*10**-3               #Diametr of steel bar in mm\ndeltaLt=25*10**-3         #Steel \npt=800\npi=3.142                  #Power load of steel bar in N\n\n#Calculation\nA=(((pi/4)*((deltaLt)**2))) #Cross-section area\nsigmat=(pt)/(A)           #Stress in  steel bar\net=(deltaLt)/L            #Strain in steel bar\nE=((sigmat)/(et))         #Young's modulus\n\n#Output\nprint(\"value of Cross-section area=\",round(A,8),\"m**2\")\nprint(\"value of tress in  steel bar=\",round(sigmat,),\"MN/m**2\")\nprint(\"value of strain in steel bar=\",et)\nprint(\"value of Young's modulus=\",round(E,),\"N/m**2\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "value of Cross-section area= 0.00049094 m**2\nvalue of tress in  steel bar= 1629535 MN/m**2\nvalue of strain in steel bar= 0.005\nvalue of Young's modulus= 325907066 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:20\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nL=300*10**-3        #Length of hexagonal prismatic steel bar in mm\nA=500*10**-6        #Area of cross section of steel bar mm**2\nPt=500*10**3        #Load of steel bar in KN\nE=210*10**9         #Modulus of elasticity GN/m**2\n\n#Calculation\nsigmat=((Pt)/(A))   #Stress in steel bar\net=((sigmat)/(E))   #Strain steel bar is\ndeltaLt=((et)*(L))  #Therefore,elongation of the steel bar is given by\n\n#Output\nprint('stress in steel bar=',sigmat,\"N/m**2\")\nprint('therefore,strain steel bar is given by=',round(et,6),)\nprint('therefore,elongation of the steel bar is given by=',round(deltaLt,7),\"m\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "stress in steel bar= 1000000000.0 N/m**2\ntherefore,strain steel bar is given by= 0.004762\ntherefore,elongation of the steel bar is given by= 0.0014286 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:21\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input Data\nPt=600                  #Tensils force in N\nd=2*10**-3              #Diameter of steel wire in mm\nL=15                    #Length of wire in m\nE=210*10**9             #Modulus of elasticity of the material in GN/M**2\npi=3.1482\n\n\n#Calculation\nA=((pi/4)*((d)**2))     #(1)cross section area\nsigmat=(Pt)/(A)         #stress in the steel wire \net=((sigmat)/(E))       #(2)Therefore, strain in steel wire is given by\ndeltaLt=et*L            #(3)Enlongation of the steel wire is given by \npe=((deltaLt/L)*100)    #(4)Percentage elongation\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"cross section area= \",A,\"m**2\")\nprint(\"stress in the steel wire=\",round(sigmat,),\"GN/m**2\")\nprint(\"modulus of elasticity=\",round(et,5),)\nprint(\"strain in steel wire=\",round(deltaLt,4),\"mm\")\nprint(\"percentage elongation= \",round(pe,3),\"%\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "cross section area=  3.1481999999999998e-06 m**2\nstress in the steel wire= 190585096 GN/m**2\nmodulus of elasticity= 0.00091\nstrain in steel wire= 0.0136 mm\npercentage elongation=  0.091 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:22\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nA=30*30*10**-6      #Area of square rod in mm**2\nL=5                 #Length of square rod in m\nPc=150*10**3        #Axial comperessive load of a rod  in kN\nE=215*10**9         #Modulus of elasticity in GN/m**2\n\n\n#Calculation\nsigmac=((Pc)/(A))   #Stress in square rod\nec=((sigmac)/(E))   #Modulusof elasticity is E=sigmac/ec ,therefore strain in square rod is\ndeltaLc=ec*5        #Therefore shortening of length of the rod \n\n\n#Output\nprint (\"stress in square rod\",sigmac,\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"strain in square rod ec=\",round(ec,6),)\nprint(\"shortening of length of the rod=\",round(deltaLc,6),\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "stress in square rod 166666666.66666666 N/m**2\nstrain in square rod ec= 0.000775\nshortening of length of the rod= 0.003876 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:23"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\nd=50*10**-6                #Diameter of metalic rod in mm**2\nL=220*10**-3               #Length of metalic rod in mm\nPt=40*10**3                #Load of metalic rod in KN\ndeltaLt=0.03*10**-3        #Elastic enlongation in mm\nypl=160*10**3              #Yield point load in KN\nml=250*10**3               #Maximum load in KN\nlsf=270*10**-3             #Length of specimen at fracture in mm\npi=3.1482\n\n#calculation\nA=(((pi)/(4)*((d)**2)))   #(1)Cross section area\nsigmat=(Pt/A)              #Stress in metallic rod\net=(deltaLt/L)             #Strain n metallic rod\nE=(sigmat/et)              #Young's modulus\nys=(ypl/A)                 #(2)Yeild strength\nuts=(ml/A)                 #(3)Ultimate tensile strength\nPebf=((lsf-L)/L)*100       #Percentage elongation before fracture \n\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"cross section area\",A,\"m**2\")\nprint(\"stress in metallic rod\",round(sigmat,),\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"strain n metallic rod\",round(et,6),)\nprint(\"young's modulus\",round(E,8),\"GN/m**2\")\nprint(\"yeild strength\",ys,\"MN/m**2\")\nprint(\"ultimate tensile strength\",uts,\"MN/m**2\")\nprint(\"percentage elongation before fracture\",round(Pebf,3),\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "cross section area 1.967625e-09 m**2\nstress in metallic rod 20329076932851 N/m**2\nstrain n metallic rod 0.000136\nyoung's modulus 1.4907989750757046e+17 GN/m**2\nyeild strength 81316307731402.08 MN/m**2\nultimate tensile strength 127056730830315.75 MN/m**2\npercentage elongation before fracture 22.727 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:24\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nA=50*50*10**-6                 #Area ofsquare metal bar in mm**2\nPc=600*10**3                   #Axial compress laod in KN\nL=200*10**-3                   #Gauge length of metal bar in mm\ndeltaLc=0.4*10**-3             #Contraction length of metal bar in mm\ndeltaLlateral=0.05*10**-3      #Lateral length of metal bar in mm\n\n#Calculation\nsigmac=((Pc)/(A))              #Stress in square metal bar \nec=((deltaLc)/(L))             #Longitudinal or linear strain in square metal bar\nE =((sigmac)/(ec))             #Smodule of elasticity\nelateral=((deltaLlateral)/(L)) #Lateral strain in square metal bar\npoissonsratio=(elateral)/(ec)\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"stress in bar=\",sigmac,\"n/m**2\")\nprint(\"longitudinal or linear strain in square metal bar=\",ec,)\nprint(\"module of elasticity=\",E,\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"lateral strain in square metal bar=\",elateral,)\nprint(\"poissons ratio=\",poissonsratio,)\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "stress in bar= 240000000.0 n/m**2\nlongitudinal or linear strain in square metal bar= 0.002\nmodule of elasticity= 120000000000.0 N/m**2\nlateral strain in square metal bar= 0.00025\npoissons ratio= 0.125\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_Material.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_Material.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 67b98032..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_2_Properties_Of_Material.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,146 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 2 Properties Of Material"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 2 Properties Of Material"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:19"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nL=5                       #Length of steel bar in m\nd=25*10**-3               #Diametr of steel bar in mm\ndeltaLt=25*10**-3         #Steel \npt=800                    #Power load of steel bar in N\n\n\n#Calculation\nA=((pi/4)*((deltaLt)**2)) #Cross-section area\nsigmat=(pt)/(A)           #Stress in  steel bar\net=(deltaLt)/L            #Strain in steel bar\nE=((sigmat)/(et))         #Young's modulus\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"value of Cross-section area=\",A,\"m**2\")\nprint(\"value of tress in  steel bar=\",sigmat,\"MN/m**2\")\nprint(\"value of strain in steel bar=  \",et)\nprint(\"value of Young's modulus= \",E,\"N/m**2\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "value of Cross-section area= 0.0004919062500000002 m**2\nvalue of tress in  steel bar= 1626326.154628041 MN/m**2\nvalue of strain in steel bar=   0.005\nvalue of Young's modulus=  325265230.92560816 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:20\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nL=300*10**-3        #Length of hexagonal prismatic steel bar in mm\nA=500*10**-6        #Area of cross section of steel bar mm**2\nPt=500*10**3        #Load of steel bar in KN\nE=210*10**9         #Modulus of elasticity GN/m**2\n\n#Calculation\nsigmat=((Pt)/(A))   #Stress in steel bar\net=((sigmat)/(E))   #Strain steel bar is\ndeltaLt=((et)*(L))  #Therefore,elongation of the steel bar is given by\n\n#Output\nprint('stress in steel bar=',sigmat,\"N/m**2\")\nprint('therefore,strain steel bar is given by=',et,)\nprint('therefore,elongation of the steel bar is given by=',deltaLt,\"m\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "stress in steel bar = 1000000000.0 N/m**2\ntherefore,strain steel bar is given by = 0.004761904761904762\ntherefore,elongation of the steel bar is given by= 0.0014285714285714286 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:21\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input Data\nPt=600                  #Tensils force in N\nd=2*10**-3              #Diameter of steel wire in mm\nL=15                    #Length of wire in m\nE=210*10**9             #Modulus of elasticity of the material in GN/M**2\npi=3.1482\n\n\n#Calculation\nA=((pi/4)*((d)**2))     #(1)cross section area\nsigmat=(Pt)/(A)         #stress in the steel wire \net=((sigmat)/(E))       #(2)Therefore, strain in steel wire is given by\ndeltaLt=et*L            #(3)Enlongation of the steel wire is given by \npe=((deltaLt/L)*100)    #(4)Percentage elongation\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"cross section area= \",A,\"m**2\")\nprint(\"stress in the steel wire=\",sigmat,\"GN/m**2\")\nprint(\"modulus of elasticity=\",et)\nprint(\"strain in steel wire=\",deltaLt,\"mm\")\nprint(\"percentage elongation= \",pe,\"%\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "cross section area=  3.1481999999999998e-06 m**2\nstress in the steel wire= 190585096.24547362 GN/m**2\nmodulus of elasticity= 0.0009075480773593982\nstrain in steel wire= 0.013613221160390973 mm\npercentage elongation=  0.09075480773593982 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:22\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nA=30*30*10**-6      #Area of square rod in mm**2\nL=5                 #Length of square rod in m\nPc=150*10**3        #Axial comperessive load of a rod  in kN\nE=215*10**9         #Modulus of elasticity in GN/m**2\n\n\n#Calculation\nsigmac=((Pc)/(A))   #Stress in square rod\nec=((sigmac)/(E))   #Modulusof elasticity is E=sigmac/ec ,therefore strain in square rod is\ndeltaLc=ec*5        #Therefore shortening of length of the rod \n\n\n#Output\nprint (\"stress in square rod\",sigmac,\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"strain in square rod ec=\",ec,)\nprint(\"shortening of length of the rod=\",deltaLc,\"m\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "stress in square rod 166666666.66666666 N/m**2\nstrain in square rod ec= 0.0007751937984496124\nshortening of length of the rod= 0.003875968992248062 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 25
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:23"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\nd=50*10**-6                #Diameter of metalic rod in mm**2\nL=220*10**-3               #Length of metalic rod in mm\nPt=40*10**3                #Load of metalic rod in KN\ndeltaLt=0.03*10**-3        #Elastic enlongation in mm\nypl=160*10**3              #Yield point load in KN\nml=250*10**3               #Maximum load in KN\nlsf=270*10**-3             #Length of specimen at fracture in mm\npi=3.1482\n\n#calculation\nA=(((pi)/(4)*((d)**2)))    #(1)Cross section area\nsigmat=(Pt/A)              #Stress in metallic rod\net=(deltaLt/L)             #Strain n metallic rod\nE=(sigmat/et)              #Young's modulus\nys=(ypl/A)                 #(2)Yeild strength\nuts=(ml/A)                 #(3)Ultimate tensile strength\nPebf=((lsf-L)/L)*100       #Percentage elongation before fracture \n\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"cross section area\",A,\"m**2\")\nprint(\"stress in metallic rod\",sigmat,\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"strain n metallic rod\",et,)\nprint(\"young's modulus\",E,\"GN/m**2\")\nprint(\"yeild strength\",ys,\"MN/m**2\")\nprint(\"ultimate tensile strength\",uts,\"MN/m**2\")\nprint(\"percentage elongation before fracture\",Pebf,\"%\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "cross section area 1.967625e-09 m**2\nstress in metallic rod 20329076932850.52 N/m**2\nstrain n metallic rod 0.00013636363636363637\nyoung's modulus 1.4907989750757046e+17 GN/m**2\nyeild strength 81316307731402.08 MN/m**2\nultimate tensile strength 127056730830315.75 MN/m**2\npercentage elongation before fracture 22.727272727272734 %\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:24\n"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nA=50*50*10**-6                 #Area ofsquare metal bar in mm**2\nPc=600*10**3                   #Axial compress laod in KN\nL=200*10**-3                   #Gauge length of metal bar in mm\ndeltaLc=0.4*10**-3             #Contraction length of metal bar in mm\ndeltaLlateral=0.05*10**-3      #Lateral length of metal bar in mm\n\n#Calculation\nsigmac=((Pc)/(A))              #Stress in square metal bar \nec=((deltaLc)/(L))             #Longitudinal or linear strain in square metal bar\nE =((sigmac)/(ec))             #Smodule of elasticity\nelateral=((deltaLlateral)/(L)) #Lateral strain in square metal bar\npoissonsratio=(elateral)/(ec)\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"stress in bar=\",sigmac,\"n/m**2\")\nprint(\"longitudinal or linear strain in square metal bar=\",ec,)\nprint(\"module of elasticity=\",E,\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"lateral strain in square metal bar=\",elateral,)\nprint(\"poissons ratio=\",poissonsratio,)\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "stress in bar= 240000000.0 n/m**2\nlongitudinal or linear strain in square metal bar= 0.002\nmodule of elasticity= 120000000000.0 N/m**2\nlateral strain in square metal bar= 0.00025\npoissons ratio= 0.125\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology.ipynb
index 4528c633..edbbfb0c 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology.ipynb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
        "text": "Diameter of the rod=  3.201 cm\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
+     "prompt_number": 1
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
        "text": "Measured length of the bar=  5.301 cm\ntrue length of the bar=  5.301 cm\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
+     "prompt_number": 2
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
        "text": "Height required= 22.1548 mm\n"
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
+     "prompt_number": 3
     }
    ],
    "metadata": {}
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology_73mRpow.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology_73mRpow.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index edbbfb0c..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology_73mRpow.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 5 Metrology"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 5 Metrology"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:81"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nMSR=3.2          #Main scale reading of cylindrical rod in cm\nNCD=7            #Number of coinciding Vernier Scale division \nLc=0.1*10**-3    #Least count of the instrument in mm\n\n#Calculation\nDOR=MSR+(NCD*Lc) #Diameter of the rod\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Diameter of the rod= \",round(DOR,3),\"cm\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Diameter of the rod=  3.201 cm\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:82"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nMSR=5.3             #Main scale reading of prismatic bar in cm\nNCD=6               #Number of coinciding Vernier Scale division \nLc=0.1*10**-3       #Least count of the instrument in mm \nNe=(-0.2*10**-3)    #Instrument bears a nagative error in mm\n\n#Calulation\nMlb=MSR+(NCD*Lc)    #Measured length of the bar in cm\nTlb=(Mlb-(Ne))      #True length of the bar in cm\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Measured length of the bar= \",round(Mlb,3),\"cm\")\nprint(\"true length of the bar= \",round(Tlb,3),\"cm\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Measured length of the bar=  5.301 cm\ntrue length of the bar=  5.301 cm\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:88 "
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nL=100         #Height of sine bar\ntheta=12.8    #angle in degree minut\n#Z=sin(theta)=0.22154849\nZ=0.22154849\n\n#Calculation\nb=Z*L         #Height required to setup in mm\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Height required=\",round(b,4),\"mm\")\n    ",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Height required= 22.1548 mm\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology_xHgz5kr.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology_xHgz5kr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index edbbfb0c..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology_xHgz5kr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 5 Metrology"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 5 Metrology"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:81"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nMSR=3.2          #Main scale reading of cylindrical rod in cm\nNCD=7            #Number of coinciding Vernier Scale division \nLc=0.1*10**-3    #Least count of the instrument in mm\n\n#Calculation\nDOR=MSR+(NCD*Lc) #Diameter of the rod\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Diameter of the rod= \",round(DOR,3),\"cm\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Diameter of the rod=  3.201 cm\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:82"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nMSR=5.3             #Main scale reading of prismatic bar in cm\nNCD=6               #Number of coinciding Vernier Scale division \nLc=0.1*10**-3       #Least count of the instrument in mm \nNe=(-0.2*10**-3)    #Instrument bears a nagative error in mm\n\n#Calulation\nMlb=MSR+(NCD*Lc)    #Measured length of the bar in cm\nTlb=(Mlb-(Ne))      #True length of the bar in cm\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Measured length of the bar= \",round(Mlb,3),\"cm\")\nprint(\"true length of the bar= \",round(Tlb,3),\"cm\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Measured length of the bar=  5.301 cm\ntrue length of the bar=  5.301 cm\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:88 "
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nL=100         #Height of sine bar\ntheta=12.8    #angle in degree minut\n#Z=sin(theta)=0.22154849\nZ=0.22154849\n\n#Calculation\nb=Z*L         #Height required to setup in mm\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Height required=\",round(b,4),\"mm\")\n    ",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Height required= 22.1548 mm\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics_VydgOYT.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics_VydgOYT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e950e801..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics_VydgOYT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,461 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 7 Fluid Mechanics"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 7 Fluid Mechanics"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:113"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=5            #volume of the liquid in m**3\nW=45*10**3     #weight of the liquid in KN\ng=9.81         #acceleration due to gravity in m/s**2\nrhow=1000      #constant value\n\n#Calculation\nm=((W)/(g))    #mass in Kg\nrho=(m/V)      #Mass density in kg/m**3\nw=(W/V)        #Weight Density in N/m**3\nv=(V/m)        #Specific volume in m**3/kg\nS=rho/rhow     #Specific gravity\n \n    \n#Output\nprint(\"mass= \",round(m,2),\"Kg\")\nprint(\"Mass density= \",round(rho,2),\"kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Weight Density= \",w,\"N/m**3\")\nprint(\"Specific volume= \",v,\"m**3/kg\")\nprint(\"Specific gravity= \",round(S,4),)\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "mass=  4587.16 Kg\nMass density=  917.43 kg/m**3\nWeight Density=  9000.0 N/m**3\nSpecific volume=  0.00109 m**3/kg\nSpecific gravity=  0.9174\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:114"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=3*10**-3      #3l of oil in m**3\nW=24            #Weight of oil in N\ng=9.81          #Gravity in m/s**2\nrohw=1000       #Constant value\n\n\n#Calculation\nm=((W)/(g))     #Mass in Kg\nrho=(m/V)       #Mass density in kg/m**3\nw=(W/V)         #Weight Density in N/m**3\nv=(V/m)         #Specific volume in m**3/kg\nS=rho/rhow      #Specific gravity\n \n#Output\nprint(\"mass= \",round(m,3),\"Kg\")\nprint(\"Mass density= \",round(rho,1),\"kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Weight Density= \",w,\"N/m**3\")\nprint(\"Specific volume= \",round(v,7),\"m**3/kg\")\nprint(\"Specific gravity= \",round(S,4),)\n\n\n ",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "mass=  2.446 Kg\nMass density=  815.5 kg/m**3\nWeight Density=  8000.0 N/m**3\nSpecific volume=  0.0012263 m**3/kg\nSpecific gravity=  0.8155\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:114"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nS=0.85             #Specific gravity of a liquid\ng=9.81             #Acceleration due to gravity in m/s**2(constant)\nrhow=1000          #Constant value\n\n\n#Calculation\n#Specific gravity S=roh/rohw \nrho=S*rhow         #Mass density in Kg/m**3\nw=rho*g            #Weight Density in N/m**3\nv=(1/rho)          #Specific volume in m**3/kg\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Mass densit=  \",rho,\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Weight Density= \",w,\"N/m**3\")\nprint(\"Specific volume= \",round(v,6),\"m**3/kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Mass densit=   850.0 Kg/m**3\nWeight Density=  8338.5 N/m**3\nSpecific volume=  0.001176 m**3/kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:116"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\ndy=21*10**-3      #Horizontal plates in mm\ndu=1.4            #Relative velocity between the plates in m/s\nmu=0.6            #Oil of viscosity 6 poise in Ns/m**2\n\n#Calculation\ntau=(mu*(du/dy))  #Shear in the oil in N/m**2\n\n#Output\nprint(\"shear in the oil= \",round(tau,),\"N/m**2\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "shear in the oil=  40 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:116"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nv=4*10**-4    #kinematic viscosity is 4 stoke inm**2/s\nS=1.2         #specific gravity\ndow=1000      #density of water Kg/m**3\n\n\n#Calculation\nrho=S*dow     \nvol=rho*v     #viscosity of the liquid in Ns/m**2 or poise\n\n#Output\nprint(\"viscosity of the liquid= \",round(vol,2),\"Ns/m**2 \")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "viscosity of the liquid=  0.48 Ns/m**2 \n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:6"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nS=0.9          #Specific gravity\ntau=2.4        #shear stress in N/m**2\n(vg)=0.125     #velocitty gradientin per s\ndow=1000       #density of water Kg/m**3\n\n\n#Calculation\nmu=(tau)/(vg)  #newton's law of viscosity in shear stress in Ns/m**2\nrho=S*dow      #Density of oil in Kg/m**3\nv=(mu/rho)     #Kinematic viscosity in m**2/s or stoke\n\n#Output\nprint(\"newton's law of viscosity in shear stress= \",mu,\"Ns/m**2\")\nprint(\"Density of oil= \",rho,\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Kinematic viscosity= \",round(v,5),\"m**2/s or stoke\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "newton's law of viscosity in shear stress=  19.2 Ns/m**2\nDensity of oil=  900.0 Kg/m**3\nKinematic viscosity=  0.02133 m**2/s or stoke\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:117"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nA=6*10**-2           #Space between two square plates in mm\ndy=8*10**-3          #Thickness of fluid in mm\nu1=0                 #Lower pate is stationary\nu2=2.4               #Upper plate in m/s\nF=5                  #Speed of force in N\ns=1.6                #Specific gravity of the liquid\ndow=1000             #Density of water Kg/m**3\n\n\n#(1)Calculation\ndu=u2-u1             #change in velocity in m/s\ntau=(F/((A)**2))     #shear stress N/m**2\nmu=(tau/(du/dy))     #Newton's law of viscosity in Ns/m**2 or poise\nrho=s*dow            #Density of oil in kg/m**3\nv=(mu/rho)           #kinematic viscosity is given by m**2/s or stoke\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"change in velocity= \",du,\"m/s\")\nprint(\"shear stress=  \",round(tau,2),\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"Newton's law of viscosity=  \",round(mu,1),\"Ns/m**2 \")\nprint(\"Density of oil= \",rho,\" kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"kinematic viscosity= \",round(v,4),\"m**2/s \")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "change in velocity=  2.4 m/s\nshear stress=   1388.89 N/m**2\nNewton's law of viscosity=   4.6 Ns/m**2 \nDensity of oil=  1600.0  kg/m**3\nkinematic viscosity=  0.0029 m**2/s \n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:118"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\ndy=1.5*10**-4      #Two horizontal plates are placed in m\nmu=0.12            #Space between plates  Ns/m**2\nA=2.5              #Upper area is required to move in m**2\ndu=0.6             #Speed rerlated to lower plate in m/s\n\n\n#(1)Calculation\ntau=(mu*(du/dy))   #Shear stress N/m**2\nF=tau*A            #Force in N\nP=F*du             #Power required to maintain the speed of upper plate in W\n\n\n#Output \nprint(\"Shear stress= \",round(tau,),\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"Force= \",round(F,),\"N\")\nprint(\"Power required to maintain the speed of upper plate= \",round(P,),\"W\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Shear stress=  480 N/m**2\nForce=  1200 N\nPower required to maintain the speed of upper plate=  720 W\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No 118"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data \nmu=0.1                 #Oil of viscosity used for lubricant in poise or Ns/m**2\nD=0.15                 #Clearance between the shaft of diameter in m\ndy=3*10**-4            #Clearance in m\nN=90                   #Shaft rorates in rpm\npi=3.14\n\n\n#Calculation\ndu=((pi*D*N)/60)       #Tangential speed of shaft in m/s\ntau=(mu*(du/dy))       #The shear force in N/m**2\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Tangential speed of shaft= \",du,\"m/s\")\nprint(\"The shear force= \",tau,\"N/m**2\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Tangential speed of shaft=  0.7065 m/s\nThe shear force=  235.5 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:119"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nA=120*10**-3        #Side of square plate in mm\nW=30                #Side weight in N\ndu=3.75             #Uniform velocity in m/s\ntheta=30            #Lubricated inclined plane making an angle in degree at horizontal\ndy=6*10**-3         #Thickness lubricating oil film in mm\nrho=800             #Lubricating oil film density in Kg/m**3\n\n\n#Calculation\nsin30=0.5                    \nF=W*sin30            #Component of force in N\ntau=(F/(A**2))       #Shear stress in Ns/m**2 \nmu=(tau/(du/dy))     #From Newton's law of Shear stress in Ns/m**2 \nV=(mu/rho)*10**3     #Kinematic viscosity in m**2/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Component of force= \",F,\"N\")\nprint(\"Shear stress= \",round(tau,2),\" Ns/m**2 \")\nprint(\"From Newton's law of Shear stress= \",round(mu,3),\"Ns/m**2\")\nprint(\"Kinematic viscosity= \",round(V,3),\"m**2/s\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Component of force=  15.0 N\nShear stress=  1041.67  Ns/m**2 \nFrom Newton's law of Shear stress=  1.667 Ns/m**2\nKinematic viscosity=  2.083 m**2/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No 121"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data \nZ=15            #Pressure due to column in m\nS=0.85          #Oil of specific gravity\ng=9.81          #Gravity\n\n\n\n#Calculation\nrho=S*10**3     #Density of oil in kg/m**3\nP=rho*g*Z       #Pressure in N/m**2 or kPa\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Density of oil= \",rho,\"kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Pressure= \",P,\"N/m**2\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Density of oil=  850.0 kg/m**3\nPressure=  125077.5 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No 122"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nZ1=1.5                   #open tank contain water in m\nZ2=2.5                   #oil of specific gravity for depth in m\nS=0.9                    #oil of specific gravity \nrho1=1000                #density of water in Kg/m**3\nrho2=S*10**3             #density of oil in Kg/m**3\ng=9.81                   #gravity\n\n\n\n#calculation\nP=rho1*g*Z1+rho2*g*Z2    #intensity of pressure in kPa\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"intensity of pressure=\",P,\"N/m**2\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "intensity of pressure= 36787.5 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:124"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nD1=0.2                      #Diameter of pipe section 1 in m\nD2=0.3                      #Diameter of pipe section 2 in m\nV1=15                       #Velocity of water in m/s\npi=3.14\n\n#calculation\nQ=((3.14/4)*(0.2)**2)*15    #Discharge through pipe in m**3/s\nV2=(((3.14/4)*(0.2)**2)*15)/((3.14/4)*(0.3)**2) #velocity of section2 in m/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Discharge through pipe= \",round(Q,2),\"m**3/s\")\nprint(\"velocity of section2= \",round(V2,2),\"m/s\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Discharge through pipe=  0.47 m**3/s\nvelocity of section2=  6.67 m/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:126"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=13                #Velocity of water flowing throgh pipe in m/s\nP=200*10**3         #Pressure of water in Kpa\nZ=25                #Height above the datum in m\ng=9.81\nrho=1000\n\n\n#Calculation\nE=(P/(rho*g))+((V**2)/(2*g))+(Z) #Total energy per unit weight in m\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Total energy per unit weight=\",round(E,),\"m\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Total energy per unit weight= 54 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 15 Page No:127"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nS=0.85              #Specific gravity of oil\nD=0.08              #Diameter of pipe in m\nP=1*10**5           #Intenity of presssure in N/m**2\nZ=15                #Total energy bead in m\nE=45                #Datum plane in m\nMdw=1*10**3         #Mass density of water constant\ng=9.81              #Gravity constant\nrho=S*Mdw           #Mass density of oil\npi=3.14\n\n#calculation\nrho=S*Mdw           #Mass density of oil\n#E=(P/(rho*g))+((V**2)/(2*g))+(Z)\nV=math.sqrt((E-((P/(rho*g))+Z))*(2*g))  #Total energy per unit weight in m/s\nQ=(pi/4)*D**2*V                         #Discharge in m**3/Kg\"\n\n#output\nprint(\"mass density of oil= \",rho,\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Total energy per unit weight= \",round(V,1),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"discharge=\",round(Q,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "mass density of oil=  850.0 Kg/m**3\nTotal energy per unit weight=  18.8 m/s\ndischarge= 0.0944 m**3/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 16 Page No:127"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\n#refer figure 11\nZA=2                   #water flows section A-A in m \nDA=0.3                 #datum pipe diameter at section A-A in m\nPA=550*10**3           #pressure in kPa\nVA=6                   #flow velocity in m/s\nZB=18                  #water flows at section B-B in m\nDB=0.15                #datum pipe diameter at section B-B in m\npi=3.14                #constant\nrho=1000               #constant\ng=9.81                 #constant\nAa=(pi/4)*(DA)**2\nAb=(pi/4)*(DB)**2\npi=3.14\n\n#calculation\nVB=((Aa*VA)/Ab)         #continuity discharge equation in m/s\n#bernoulli's equation Kpa\n#(PA/rho*g)+(VA**2/2*g)+ZA=(PB/rho*g)+(VB**2/2*g)+ZB \nPB=(((PA/(rho*g))+(VA**2/(2*g))+ZA)-((VB**2/(2*g))+ZB))*(rho*g)\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"continuity discharge equation= \",VB,\"m/s\")\nprint(\"bernoulli's equation= \",round(PB,1),\"pa\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "continuity discharge equation=  24.0 m/s\nbernoulli's equation=  123040.0 pa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 16
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 17 Page No:128"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\n#refer figure 12\nQ=0.04             #Water flows at rate in m**2/s\nDA=0.22            #Pipe diameter at section A in m\nDB=0.12            #Pipe diameter at section B in m\nPA=400*10**3       #Intensity of pressure at setion A in kPa\nPB=150*10**3       #Intensity of pressure at setion B in kPa\npi=3.14            #Pi constant \ng=9.81             #Gravity constant\nrho=1000\n\n#calculation\nVA=Q/(pi/4*(DA)**2) #contuity equation for discharge\nVB=Q/(pi/4*(DB)**2) #bernoulli's equation for discharge\n#Z=ZB-ZA\nZ=(PA/(rho*g))+(VA**2/(2*g))-(PB/(rho*g))-(VB**2/(2*g))\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"contuity equation for discharge= \",round(VA,3),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"contuity equation for discharge= \",round(VB,3),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"bernoulli's equation for discharge= \",round(Z,2),\"m\")\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "contuity equation for discharge=  1.053 m**3\ncontuity equation for discharge=  3.539 m**3\nbernoulli's equation for discharge=  24.9 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 17
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 18 Page No:129"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nL=200               #length of pipe in m\nD1=1                #Diameter at high end in m\nD2=0.4              #Diameter at low end in m\nP1=50*10**3         #Pressure at high end  in kPa\nQ=4000              #Rate of water flow l/min\nS=1                 #Slope of pipe 1 in 100\nZ2=0                #Datum line is passing through the center of the low end,therefore\npi=3.14\n\n\n\n#calculation\nQ=(4000*10**-3)/60   #rate of water flow l/min in m**3/s\nZ1=1/100*L           #slope of pipe 1 in 100 is in m\n#Q=A1*V1=A2V2        #continuity eqation ,discharge\nV1=Q/((pi/4)*(D1**2))#in m**3\nV2=Q/((pi/4)*(D2**2))#in m**3\n#bernoulli's equation \nP2=(((((P1/(rho*g))+(V1**2/(2*g))+Z1)-(V2**2/(2*g))-Z2))*(rho*g))*10**-3 \n\n\n#output\nprint(\"rate of water flow= \",round(Q,4),\"m**3/s\")\nprint(\"slope of pipe= \",Z1,\"m\")\nprint(\"continuity eqation ,discharge= \",round(V1,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"continuity eqation ,discharge= \",round(V2,4),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"bernoulli's equation for discharge= \",round(P2,2),\" Kpa\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "rate of water flow=  0.0667 m**3/s\nslope of pipe=  2.0 m\ncontinuity eqation ,discharge=  0.08493 m**3\ncontinuity eqation ,discharge=  0.5308 m**3\nbernoulli's equation for discharge=  69.48  Kpa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 19 Page No:130"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nL=36                    #Length of pipe in m\nD1=0.15                 #Diameter at upper side in m\nD2=0.3                  #Diameter at lower side in m\nsin30=0.5\ntheta=math.sin(30)      #Pipe slope upward at angle in degree\nV1=2                    #Velocity of water at smaller section in m/s  \npi=3.14                 #Pi constant \nrho=1000                #Roh constant\ng=9.81                  #Gravity constant\n\n\n#calculation\n#datum line is passing through the center of the low end,therefore\nZ1=0\nZ2=Z1+L*(0.5)           #pipe inclined 30 degree,therefore in m\n#Q=A1*V1=A2*V2  continuity eqation ,discharge\nV2=(pi/4*(D1**2)*2)/(pi/4*(D2**2))\n#Z=P1-P2 bernoulli's equation \nZ=((((-V1**2)/(2*g))+((V2**2)/(2*g))-Z1+Z2)*(rho*g))*10**-3\n\n\n\n\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"pipe inclined 30 degree,therefore Z2=\",Z2,\"m\")\nprint(\"continuity eqation ,discharge V2=\",V2,\"m/s\")\nprint(\"#bernoulli's equation Z=\",round(Z,1),\"Kpa\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "pipe inclined 30 degree,therefore Z2= 18.0 m\ncontinuity eqation ,discharge V2= 0.5 m/s\n#bernoulli's equation Z= 174.7 Kpa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 19
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 20 Page No:130-131"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nD1=0.25                    #Diameter at inlet in m\nD2=0.175                   #Diameter at outlet in m\nP1=450*10**3               #Intensity of pressure at inlet in kPa\nP2=200*10**3               #Intensity of pressure at outlet in kPa\npi=3.14                    #pi constant \nrho=1000                   #Roh constant\ng=9.81                     #Gravity constant\nZ1=Z2\n\n#Calculation \n#A1*V1=A2*V2               Continuity eqation in V1\nV2=((pi/4)*(D1**2))/((pi/4)*(D2**2))\n#Z=V2**2-V1**2             Bernoulli's equation in m/s\nZ=-(((P2/(rho*g))-(P1/(rho*g)))*(2*g))\nX=Z/((V2**2)-1)\nV1=math.sqrt(X)\nQ=(pi/4)*(D1**2)*V1         #Flow rate Water in m**3/Kg\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Continuity eqation= \",round(V2,2),\"V1\")\nprint(\"Bernoulli's equation= \",Z,\"m/s\")\nprint(\"V1=\",round(V1,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Flow rate Water= \",round(Q,3),\"m**3/Kg\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Continuity eqation=  2.04 V1\nBernoulli's equation=  500.0 m/s\nV1= 12.57 \nFlow rate Water=  0.617 m**3/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 21 Page No:131-132"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nL=300                  #Length of pipe in m\nD1=0.9                 #Diameter at higher end in m\nD2=0.6                 #Diameter at lower end in m\nS=0.85                 #Specific gravity \nQ=0.08                 #Flow in l/s\nP1=40*10**3            #Pressure at higher end in kPa\npi=3.14                #pi constant \nrho=1000               #Roh constant\ng=9.81                 #Gravity constant\nslop=1/50              #1 in 50\n\n\n#Calculation\n#Datum line is passing through the center of the low end,therefore\nZ2=0 \nZ1=slop*L\n#Q=A1*V1=A2*V2        Continuity eqation\nV1=Q/((pi/4)*(D1**2)) #Frome continuity eqation, discharge\nV2=Q/((pi/4)*(D2**2)) #Frome continuity eqation, discharge\n#Bernoulli's equation \nP2=(((((P1/(rho*S*g))+(V1**2/(2*g))+Z1)-(V2**2/(2*g))+Z2))*(S*rho*g))*10**-3\n\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Z1=\",Z1,\"m\")\nprint(\"continuity eqation, discharge V1=\",round(V1,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"continuity eqation, discharge V2=\",round(V2,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"bernoulli's equation= \",round(P2,),\"KPa\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Z1= 6.0 m\ncontinuity eqation, discharge V1= 0.12582 m**3\ncontinuity eqation, discharge V2= 0.28309 m**3\nbernoulli's equation=  90 KPa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics_xkevzFX.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics_xkevzFX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2cb36b62..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics_xkevzFX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,461 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 7 Fluid Mechanics"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Chapter 7 Fluid Mechanics"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:113"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=5            #volume of the liquid in m**3\nW=45*10**3     #weight of the liquid in KN\ng=9.81         #acceleration due to gravity in m/s**2\nrhow=1000      #constant value\n\n#Calculation\nm=((W)/(g))    #mass in Kg\nrho=(m/V)      #Mass density in kg/m**3\nw=(W/V)        #Weight Density in N/m**3\nv=(V/m)        #Specific volume in m**3/kg\nS=rho/rhow     #Specific gravity\n \n    \n#Output\nprint(\"mass= \",round(m,2),\"Kg\")\nprint(\"Mass density= \",round(rho,2),\"kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Weight Density= \",w,\"N/m**3\")\nprint(\"Specific volume= \",v,\"m**3/kg\")\nprint(\"Specific gravity= \",round(S,4),)\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "mass=  4587.16 Kg\nMass density=  917.43 kg/m**3\nWeight Density=  9000.0 N/m**3\nSpecific volume=  0.00109 m**3/kg\nSpecific gravity=  0.9174\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:114"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=3*10**-3      #3l of oil in m**3\nW=24            #Weight of oil in N\ng=9.81          #Gravity in m/s**2\nrohw=1000       #Constant value\n\n\n#Calculation\nm=((W)/(g))     #Mass in Kg\nrho=(m/V)       #Mass density in kg/m**3\nw=(W/V)         #Weight Density in N/m**3\nv=(V/m)         #Specific volume in m**3/kg\nS=rho/rhow      #Specific gravity\n \n#Output\nprint(\"mass= \",round(m,3),\"Kg\")\nprint(\"Mass density= \",round(rho,1),\"kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Weight Density= \",w,\"N/m**3\")\nprint(\"Specific volume= \",round(v,7),\"m**3/kg\")\nprint(\"Specific gravity= \",round(S,4),)\n\n\n ",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "mass=  2.446 Kg\nMass density=  815.5 kg/m**3\nWeight Density=  8000.0 N/m**3\nSpecific volume=  0.0012263 m**3/kg\nSpecific gravity=  0.8155\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:114"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nS=0.85             #Specific gravity of a liquid\ng=9.81             #Acceleration due to gravity in m/s**2(constant)\nrhow=1000          #Constant value\n\n\n#Calculation\n#Specific gravity S=roh/rohw \nrho=S*rhow         #Mass density in Kg/m**3\nw=rho*g            #Weight Density in N/m**3\nv=(1/rho)          #Specific volume in m**3/kg\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Mass densit=  \",rho,\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Weight Density= \",w,\"N/m**3\")\nprint(\"Specific volume= \",round(v,6),\"m**3/kg\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Mass densit=   850.0 Kg/m**3\nWeight Density=  8338.5 N/m**3\nSpecific volume=  0.001176 m**3/kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:116"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\ndy=21*10**-3      #Horizontal plates in mm\ndu=1.4            #Relative velocity between the plates in m/s\nmu=0.6            #Oil of viscosity 6 poise in Ns/m**2\n\n#Calculation\ntau=(mu*(du/dy))  #Shear in the oil in N/m**2\n\n#Output\nprint(\"shear in the oil= \",round(tau,),\"N/m**2\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "shear in the oil=  40 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:116"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nv=4*10**-4    #kinematic viscosity is 4 stoke inm**2/s\nS=1.2         #specific gravity\ndow=1000      #density of water Kg/m**3\n\n\n#Calculation\nrho=S*dow     \nvol=rho*v     #viscosity of the liquid in Ns/m**2 or poise\n\n#Output\nprint(\"viscosity of the liquid= \",round(vol,2),\"Ns/m**2 \")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "viscosity of the liquid=  0.48 Ns/m**2 \n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:6"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nS=0.9          #Specific gravity\ntau=2.4        #shear stress in N/m**2\n(vg)=0.125     #velocitty gradientin per s\ndow=1000       #density of water Kg/m**3\n\n\n#Calculation\nmu=(tau)/(vg)  #newton's law of viscosity in shear stress in Ns/m**2\nrho=S*dow      #Density of oil in Kg/m**3\nv=(mu/rho)     #Kinematic viscosity in m**2/s or stoke\n\n#Output\nprint(\"newton's law of viscosity in shear stress= \",mu,\"Ns/m**2\")\nprint(\"Density of oil= \",rho,\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Kinematic viscosity= \",round(v,5),\"m**2/s or stoke\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "newton's law of viscosity in shear stress=  19.2 Ns/m**2\nDensity of oil=  900.0 Kg/m**3\nKinematic viscosity=  0.02133 m**2/s or stoke\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 11
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:117"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nA=6*10**-2           #Space between two square plates in mm\ndy=8*10**-3          #Thickness of fluid in mm\nu1=0                 #Lower pate is stationary\nu2=2.4               #Upper plate in m/s\nF=5                  #Speed of force in N\ns=1.6                #Specific gravity of the liquid\ndow=1000             #Density of water Kg/m**3\n\n\n#(1)Calculation\ndu=u2-u1             #change in velocity in m/s\ntau=(F/((A)**2))     #shear stress N/m**2\nmu=(tau/(du/dy))     #Newton's law of viscosity in Ns/m**2 or poise\nrho=s*dow            #Density of oil in kg/m**3\nv=(mu/rho)           #kinematic viscosity is given by m**2/s or stoke\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"change in velocity= \",du,\"m/s\")\nprint(\"shear stress=  \",round(tau,2),\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"Newton's law of viscosity=  \",round(mu,1),\"Ns/m**2 \")\nprint(\"Density of oil= \",rho,\" kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"kinematic viscosity= \",round(v,4),\"m**2/s \")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "change in velocity=  2.4 m/s\nshear stress=   1388.89 N/m**2\nNewton's law of viscosity=   4.6 Ns/m**2 \nDensity of oil=  1600.0  kg/m**3\nkinematic viscosity=  0.0029 m**2/s \n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:118"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\ndy=1.5*10**-4      #Two horizontal plates are placed in m\nmu=0.12            #Space between plates  Ns/m**2\nA=2.5              #Upper area is required to move in m**2\ndu=0.6             #Speed rerlated to lower plate in m/s\n\n\n#(1)Calculation\ntau=(mu*(du/dy))   #Shear stress N/m**2\nF=tau*A            #Force in N\nP=F*du             #Power required to maintain the speed of upper plate in W\n\n\n#Output \nprint(\"Shear stress= \",round(tau,),\"N/m**2\")\nprint(\"Force= \",round(F,),\"N\")\nprint(\"Power required to maintain the speed of upper plate= \",round(P,),\"W\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Shear stress=  480 N/m**2\nForce=  1200 N\nPower required to maintain the speed of upper plate=  720 W\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No 118"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data \nmu=0.1                 #Oil of viscosity used for lubricant in poise or Ns/m**2\nD=0.15                 #Clearance between the shaft of diameter in m\ndy=3*10**-4            #Clearance in m\nN=90                   #Shaft rorates in rpm\npi=3.14\n\n\n#Calculation\ndu=((pi*D*N)/60)       #Tangential speed of shaft in m/s\ntau=(mu*(du/dy))       #The shear force in N/m**2\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Tangential speed of shaft= \",du,\"m/s\")\nprint(\"The shear force= \",tau,\"N/m**2\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Tangential speed of shaft=  0.7065 m/s\nThe shear force=  235.5 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 10 Page No:119"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nA=120*10**-3        #Side of square plate in mm\nW=30                #Side weight in N\ndu=3.75             #Uniform velocity in m/s\ntheta=30            #Lubricated inclined plane making an angle in degree at horizontal\ndy=6*10**-3         #Thickness lubricating oil film in mm\nrho=800             #Lubricating oil film density in Kg/m**3\n\n\n#Calculation\nsin30=0.5                    \nF=W*sin30            #Component of force in N\ntau=(F/(A**2))       #Shear stress in Ns/m**2 \nmu=(tau/(du/dy))     #From Newton's law of Shear stress in Ns/m**2 \nV=(mu/rho)*10**3     #Kinematic viscosity in m**2/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Component of force= \",F,\"N\")\nprint(\"Shear stress= \",round(tau,2),\" Ns/m**2 \")\nprint(\"From Newton's law of Shear stress= \",round(mu,3),\"Ns/m**2\")\nprint(\"Kinematic viscosity= \",round(V,3),\"m**2/s\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Component of force=  15.0 N\nShear stress=  1041.67  Ns/m**2 \nFrom Newton's law of Shear stress=  1.667 Ns/m**2\nKinematic viscosity=  2.083 m**2/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 53
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 11 Page No 121"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data \nZ=15            #Pressure due to column in m\nS=0.85          #Oil of specific gravity\ng=9.81          #Gravity\n\n\n\n#Calculation\nrho=S*10**3     #Density of oil in kg/m**3\nP=rho*g*Z       #Pressure in N/m**2 or kPa\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Density of oil= \",rho,\"kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Pressure= \",P,\"N/m**2\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Density of oil=  850.0 kg/m**3\nPressure=  125077.5 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 55
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 12 Page No 122"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nZ1=1.5                   #open tank contain water in m\nZ2=2.5                   #oil of specific gravity for depth in m\nS=0.9                    #oil of specific gravity \nrho1=1000                #density of water in Kg/m**3\nrho2=S*10**3             #density of oil in Kg/m**3\ng=9.81                   #gravity\n\n\n\n#calculation\nP=rho1*g*Z1+rho2*g*Z2    #intensity of pressure in kPa\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"intensity of pressure=\",P,\"N/m**2\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "intensity of pressure= 36787.5 N/m**2\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 57
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 13 Page No:124"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nD1=0.2                      #Diameter of pipe section 1 in m\nD2=0.3                      #Diameter of pipe section 2 in m\nV1=15                       #Velocity of water in m/s\npi=3.14\n\n#calculation\nQ=((3.14/4)*(0.2)**2)*15    #Discharge through pipe in m**3/s\nV2=(((3.14/4)*(0.2)**2)*15)/((3.14/4)*(0.3)**2) #velocity of section2 in m/s\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Discharge through pipe= \",round(Q,2),\"m**3/s\")\nprint(\"velocity of section2= \",round(V2,2),\"m/s\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Discharge through pipe=  0.47 m**3/s\nvelocity of section2=  6.67 m/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 59
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 14 Page No:126"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nV=13                #Velocity of water flowing throgh pipe in m/s\nP=200*10**3         #Pressure of water in Kpa\nZ=25                #Height above the datum in m\ng=9.81\nrho=1000\n\n\n#Calculation\nE=(P/(rho*g))+((V**2)/(2*g))+(Z) #Total energy per unit weight in m\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Total energy per unit weight=\",round(E,),\"m\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Total energy per unit weight= 54 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 67
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 15 Page No:127"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nS=0.85              #Specific gravity of oil\nD=0.08              #Diameter of pipe in m\nP=1*10**5           #Intenity of presssure in N/m**2\nZ=15                #Total energy bead in m\nE=45                #Datum plane in m\nMdw=1*10**3         #Mass density of water constant\ng=9.81              #Gravity constant\nrho=S*Mdw           #Mass density of oil\npi=3.14\n\n#calculation\nrho=S*Mdw           #Mass density of oil\n#E=(P/(rho*g))+((V**2)/(2*g))+(Z)\nV=math.sqrt((E-((P/(rho*g))+Z))*(2*g))  #Total energy per unit weight in m/s\nQ=(pi/4)*D**2*V                         #Discharge in m**3/Kg\"\n\n#output\nprint(\"mass density of oil= \",rho,\"Kg/m**3\")\nprint(\"Total energy per unit weight= \",round(V,1),\"m/s\")\nprint(\"discharge=\",round(Q,4),\"m**3/Kg\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "mass density of oil=  850.0 Kg/m**3\nTotal energy per unit weight=  18.8 m/s\ndischarge= 0.0944 m**3/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 64
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 16 Page No:127"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\n#refer figure 11\nZA=2                   #water flows section A-A in m \nDA=0.3                 #datum pipe diameter at section A-A in m\nPA=550*10**3           #pressure in kPa\nVA=6                   #flow velocity in m/s\nZB=18                  #water flows at section B-B in m\nDB=0.15                #datum pipe diameter at section B-B in m\npi=3.14                #constant\nrho=1000               #constant\ng=9.81                 #constant\nAa=(pi/4)*(DA)**2\nAb=(pi/4)*(DB)**2\npi=3.14\n\n#calculation\nVB=((Aa*VA)/Ab)         #continuity discharge equation in m/s\n#bernoulli's equation Kpa\n#(PA/rho*g)+(VA**2/2*g)+ZA=(PB/rho*g)+(VB**2/2*g)+ZB \nPB=(((PA/(rho*g))+(VA**2/(2*g))+ZA)-((VB**2/(2*g))+ZB))*(rho*g)\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"continuity discharge equation= \",VB,\"m/s\")\nprint(\"bernoulli's equation= \",round(PB,1),\"pa\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "continuity discharge equation=  24.0 m/s\nbernoulli's equation=  123040.0 pa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 66
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 17 Page No:128"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\n#refer figure 12\nQ=0.04             #Water flows at rate in m**2/s\nDA=0.22            #Pipe diameter at section A in m\nDB=0.12            #Pipe diameter at section B in m\nPA=400*10**3       #Intensity of pressure at setion A in kPa\nPB=150*10**3       #Intensity of pressure at setion B in kPa\npi=3.14            #Pi constant \ng=9.81             #Gravity constant\nrho=1000\n\n#calculation\nVA=Q/(pi/4*(DA)**2) #contuity equation for discharge\nVB=Q/(pi/4*(DB)**2) #bernoulli's equation for discharge\n#Z=ZB-ZA\nZ=(PA/(rho*g))+(VA**2/(2*g))-(PB/(rho*g))-(VB**2/(2*g))\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"contuity equation for discharge= \",round(VA,3),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"contuity equation for discharge= \",round(VB,3),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"bernoulli's equation for discharge= \",round(Z,2),\"m\")\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "contuity equation for discharge=  1.053 m**3\ncontuity equation for discharge=  3.539 m**3\nbernoulli's equation for discharge=  24.9 m\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 69
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 18 Page No:129"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nL=200               #length of pipe in m\nD1=1                #Diameter at high end in m\nD2=0.4              #Diameter at low end in m\nP1=50*10**3         #Pressure at high end  in kPa\nQ=4000              #Rate of water flow l/min\nS=1                 #Slope of pipe 1 in 100\nZ2=0                #Datum line is passing through the center of the low end,therefore\npi=3.14\n\n\n\n#calculation\nQ=(4000*10**-3)/60   #rate of water flow l/min in m**3/s\nZ1=1/100*L           #slope of pipe 1 in 100 is in m\n#Q=A1*V1=A2V2        #continuity eqation ,discharge\nV1=Q/((pi/4)*(D1**2))#in m**3\nV2=Q/((pi/4)*(D2**2))#in m**3\n#bernoulli's equation \nP2=(((((P1/(rho*g))+(V1**2/(2*g))+Z1)-(V2**2/(2*g))-Z2))*(rho*g))*10**-3 \n\n\n#output\nprint(\"rate of water flow= \",round(Q,4),\"m**3/s\")\nprint(\"slope of pipe= \",Z1,\"m\")\nprint(\"continuity eqation ,discharge= \",round(V1,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"continuity eqation ,discharge= \",round(V2,4),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"bernoulli's equation for discharge= \",round(P2,2),\" Kpa\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "rate of water flow=  0.0667 m**3/s\nslope of pipe=  2.0 m\ncontinuity eqation ,discharge=  0.08493 m**3\ncontinuity eqation ,discharge=  0.5308 m**3\nbernoulli's equation for discharge=  69.48  Kpa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 74
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 19 Page No:130"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nimport math\nL=36                    #Length of pipe in m\nD1=0.15                 #Diameter at upper side in m\nD2=0.3                  #Diameter at lower side in m\nsin30=0.5\ntheta=math.sin(30)      #Pipe slope upward at angle in degree\nV1=2                    #Velocity of water at smaller section in m/s  \npi=3.14                 #Pi constant \nrho=1000                #Roh constant\ng=9.81                  #Gravity constant\n\n\n#calculation\n#datum line is passing through the center of the low end,therefore\nZ1=0\nZ2=Z1+L*(0.5)           #pipe inclined 30 degree,therefore in m\n#Q=A1*V1=A2*V2  continuity eqation ,discharge\nV2=(pi/4*(D1**2)*2)/(pi/4*(D2**2))\n#Z=P1-P2 bernoulli's equation \nZ=((((-V1**2)/(2*g))+((V2**2)/(2*g))-Z1+Z2)*(rho*g))*10**-3\n\n\n\n\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"pipe inclined 30 degree,therefore Z2=\",Z2,\"m\")\nprint(\"continuity eqation ,discharge V2=\",V2,\"m/s\")\nprint(\"#bernoulli's equation Z=\",round(Z,1),\"Kpa\")\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "pipe inclined 30 degree,therefore Z2= 18.0 m\ncontinuity eqation ,discharge V2= 0.5 m/s\n#bernoulli's equation Z= 174.7 Kpa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 76
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 20 Page No:130-131"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nD1=0.25                    #Diameter at inlet in m\nD2=0.175                   #Diameter at outlet in m\nP1=450*10**3               #Intensity of pressure at inlet in kPa\nP2=200*10**3               #Intensity of pressure at outlet in kPa\npi=3.14                    #pi constant \nrho=1000                   #Roh constant\ng=9.81                     #Gravity constant\nZ1=Z2\n\n#Calculation \n#A1*V1=A2*V2               Continuity eqation in V1\nV2=((pi/4)*(D1**2))/((pi/4)*(D2**2))\n#Z=V2**2-V1**2             Bernoulli's equation in m/s\nZ=-(((P2/(rho*g))-(P1/(rho*g)))*(2*g))\nX=Z/((V2**2)-1)\nV1=math.sqrt(X)\nQ=(pi/4)*(D1**2)*V1         #Flow rate Water in m**3/Kg\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Continuity eqation= \",round(V2,2),\"V1\")\nprint(\"Bernoulli's equation= \",Z,\"m/s\")\nprint(\"V1=\",round(V1,2),\"\")\nprint(\"Flow rate Water= \",round(Q,3),\"m**3/Kg\")\n\n\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Continuity eqation=  2.04 V1\nBernoulli's equation=  500.0 m/s\nV1= 12.57 \nFlow rate Water=  0.617 m**3/Kg\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 120
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 21 Page No:131-132"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nL=300                  #Length of pipe in m\nD1=0.9                 #Diameter at higher end in m\nD2=0.6                 #Diameter at lower end in m\nS=0.85                 #Specific gravity \nQ=0.08                 #Flow in l/s\nP1=40*10**3            #Pressure at higher end in kPa\npi=3.14                #pi constant \nrho=1000               #Roh constant\ng=9.81                 #Gravity constant\nslop=1/50              #1 in 50\n\n\n#Calculation\n#Datum line is passing through the center of the low end,therefore\nZ2=0 \nZ1=slop*L\n#Q=A1*V1=A2*V2        Continuity eqation\nV1=Q/((pi/4)*(D1**2)) #Frome continuity eqation, discharge\nV2=Q/((pi/4)*(D2**2)) #Frome continuity eqation, discharge\n#Bernoulli's equation \nP2=(((((P1/(rho*S*g))+(V1**2/(2*g))+Z1)-(V2**2/(2*g))+Z2))*(S*rho*g))*10**-3\n\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Z1=\",Z1,\"m\")\nprint(\"continuity eqation, discharge V1=\",round(V1,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"continuity eqation, discharge V2=\",round(V2,5),\"m**3\")\nprint(\"bernoulli's equation= \",round(P2,),\"KPa\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Z1= 6.0 m\ncontinuity eqation, discharge V1= 0.12582 m**3\ncontinuity eqation, discharge V2= 0.28309 m**3\nbernoulli's equation=  90 KPa\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 128
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo_8yp6eZr.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of.ipynb
index d459e09d..d459e09d 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo_8yp6eZr.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo_EMQgMuo.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo.ipynb
index bbd413d6..bbd413d6 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo_EMQgMuo.ipynb
+++ b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo_aJzjIDt.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo_aJzjIDt.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bbd413d6..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo_aJzjIDt.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,209 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 9  Laws Of Thermodynamics"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": " Chapter 9 Law Of Thermodynamics"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:165"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQab=720   #Heat transfer of 1st processes in KJ \nQbc=-80   #Heat transfer of 2nd processes in KJ\nQcd=40    #Heat transfer of 3rd processes in KJ\nQda=-640  #Heat transfer of 4th processes in KJ\nWab=-90   #Work transfer of 1st processes in KJ\nWbc=-50   #Work transfer of 2nd processes in KJ\nWcd=130   #Work transfer of 3rd processes in KJ\n\n\n#Calculation\n#From the 1st law of thermodynamic for close system undergoing a cycle.\n\n#Work interaction during the 4th processes \nWda=((Qab+Qbc+Qcd+Qda)-(Wab+Wbc+Wcd)) \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Work interaction during the 4th processes=\",Wda,\"KJ\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Work interaction during the 4th processes= 50 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 1
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:166"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\n                      #During compression\nW1=-9200              #Stroke work done by the piston in Nm\nNm1=-9.2              #Nm of work done\nQ1=-50                #Heat rejected during copression in KJ\n                      #During expansion\nW2=8400               #Stroke work done by the piston in Nm\nNm2=8.4               #Nm of work done\n\n#Calculation\n                      #Quantity of heat transferred\nQ2=-((Nm1+Nm2)+Q1)    #-sign for indicate heat is transferred\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Quantity of heat transferred=\",Q2,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Quantity of heat transferred= 50.8 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:166"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\nW1=-20                  #Work interaction to the fluid in KJ\nW2=42                   #Work interaction from the fluid in KJ\nQ1=85                   #Heat interaction to the fluid in KJ\nQ2=85                   #Heat interaction to the fluid in KJ\nQ3=-50                  #Heat interaction from the fluid in KJ\n\n#calculation\nW3=((Q1+Q2+Q3)-(W1+W2)) #Magnitude and direction of the third heat interation\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"Magnitude and direction of the third heat interation=\",W3,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Magnitude and direction of the third heat interation= 98 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:168"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQ=-2100         #Non flow process losses heat in KJ\ndeltaU=420      #Gain heat\n\n#Calculation\nW=Q-deltaU      #Work done and compression process in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Work done and compression process=\",W,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Work done and compression process= -2520 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:168"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nW=-2000      #Work input of panddle wheel in KJ\nQ=-6000      #Heat transferred to the surrounding from tank\n\n#Calculation\ndeltaU=Q-W   #Change in interval energy\n\n#Output\nprint(\"change in interval energy drop=\",deltaU,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "change in interval energy drop= -4000 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:169"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nU1=520       #internal energy in KJ/Kg\nU2=350       #internal energy in KJ/Kg\nW=-80        #work done by the air in the cylinder KJ/kg\n\n#Calculation\ndeltaU=U2-U1\nQ=deltaU+W   #Heat transferred during the process\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Heat transferred during the process=\",Q,\"KJ\")\n    ",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Heat transferred during the process= -250 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:169"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nW1=800              #Power of turbine shaft Kw\nW2=-5               #Work pump to feed in Kw  \nQ1=2700             #Heat for steam generation KJ/Kg\nQ2=-1800            #Condenser rejected heat KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nm=((W1+W2)/(Q1+Q2)) #Steam flow rate in Kg/h\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Steam flow rate=\",round(m,4),\"Kg/s\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Steam flow rate= 0.8833 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:170"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\n#Data consistent with first law pf thermodynamics\nQabcd=-22                    #In KJ\nN=150                        #In Cycles/min\nQab=17580                    #In KJ/min\nQbc=0 \nQcd=-3660                    #In KJ/min\nWab=-8160                    #In KJ/min\nWbc=4170                    #In KJ/min \nDeltaUcd=-21630              #In KJ/min\n\n\n#calculation\nDeltaUab=Qab-Wab              #In KJ/min\nDeltaUbc=Qbc-Wbc              #In KJ/min \nWcd=Qcd-DeltaUcd              #In KJ/min\nQabcd1=-220*150               #In KJ/min\nQda=((Qabcd1)-(Qab+Qbc+Qcd))  #In KJ/min\nWda=((Qabcd1)-(Wab+Wbc+Wcd))     #In KJ/min\nDeltaUabcd=0\nDeltaUda=((DeltaUabcd)-(DeltaUab+DeltaUbc+DeltaUcd)) #In KJ/min\nNWO=Qabcd1/60                   #In KW\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"DeltaUab= \",DeltaUab,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"DeltaUbc= \",DeltaUbc,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Wcd= \",Wcd,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Qabcd1= \",Qabcd1,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Qda= \",Qda,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Wda= \",Wda,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"DeltaUabcd= \",DeltaUabcd,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"DeltaUda= \",DeltaUda,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"NWO=\",NWO,\"Kw\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "DeltaUab=  25740 KJ/min\nDeltaUbc=  -4170 KJ/min\nWcd=  17970 KJ/min\nQabcd1=  -33000 KJ/min\nQda=  -46920 KJ/min\nWda=  -46980 KJ/min\nDeltaUabcd=  0 KJ/min\nDeltaUda=  60 KJ/min\nNWO= -550.0 Kw\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:171"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQab=-6500  #Heat transferred in 1st process KJ/min\nQbc=0      #Heat transferred in 2nd process \nQcd=-10200 #Heat transferred in 3rd process KJ/min\nQda=32600  #Heat transferred in 4th process KJ/min\nWab=-1050  #Heat transferred in 1st process KJ\nWbc=-3450  #Heat transferred in 2nd process KJ\nWcd=20400  #Heat transferred in 3rd process KJ\nWda=0      #Heat transferred in 4th process\n\n#Calculator\ndQ=Qab+Qbc+Qcd+Qda #Net heat transfer in 1st cycle\ndW=Wab+Wbc+Wcd+Wda #Net work done in 1st cycle\ndW1=dW/60          #Net work done in 1st cycle\nDeltaUab=Qab-Wab   #ab process\nDeltaUbc=Qbc-Wbc   #bc processes\nDeltaUcd=Qcd-Wcd   #cd processes\nDeltaUda=Qda-Wda   #dc processes\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Net heat transfer in 1st cycle= \",dQ,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Net work done in 1st cycle= \",dW,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Net work done in 1st cycle= \",dW1,\"KW\")\nprint(\"ab process= \",DeltaUab,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"bc processes= \",DeltaUbc,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"cd processes= \",DeltaUcd,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"dc processes= \",DeltaUda,\"KJ/min\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Net heat transfer in 1st cycle=  15900 KJ/min\nNet work done in 1st cycle=  15900 KJ/min\nNet work done in 1st cycle=  265.0 KW\nab process=  -5450 KJ/min\nbc processes=  3450 KJ/min\ncd processes=  -30600 KJ/min\ndc processes=  32600 KJ/min\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo_bIsIgqq.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo_bIsIgqq.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d459e09d..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermo_bIsIgqq.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,209 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 9  Laws Of Thermodynamics"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": " Chapter 9 Law Of Thermodynamics"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:165"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQab=720   #Heat transfer of 1st processes in KJ \nQbc=-80   #Heat transfer of 2nd processes in KJ\nQcd=40    #Heat transfer of 3rd processes in KJ\nQda=-640  #Heat transfer of 4th processes in KJ\nWab=-90   #Work transfer of 1st processes in KJ\nWbc=-50   #Work transfer of 2nd processes in KJ\nWcd=130   #Work transfer of 3rd processes in KJ\n\n\n#Calculation\n#From the 1st law of thermodynamic for close system undergoing a cycle.\n\n#Work interaction during the 4th processes \nWda=((Qab+Qbc+Qcd+Qda)-(Wab+Wbc+Wcd)) \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Work interaction during the 4th processes=\",Wda,\"KJ\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Work interaction during the 4th processes= 50 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:166"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\n                      #During compression\nW1=-9200              #Stroke work done by the piston in Nm\nNm1=-9.2              #Nm of work done\nQ1=-50                #Heat rejected during copression in KJ\n                      #During expansion\nW2=8400               #Stroke work done by the piston in Nm\nNm2=8.4               #Nm of work done\n\n#Calculation\n                      #Quantity of heat transferred\nQ2=-((Nm1+Nm2)+Q1)    #-sign for indicate heat is transferred\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Quantity of heat transferred=\",Q2,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Quantity of heat transferred= 50.8 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:166"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\nW1=-20                  #Work interaction to the fluid in KJ\nW2=42                   #Work interaction from the fluid in KJ\nQ1=85                   #Heat interaction to the fluid in KJ\nQ2=85                   #Heat interaction to the fluid in KJ\nQ3=-50                  #Heat interaction from the fluid in KJ\n\n#calculation\nW3=((Q1+Q2+Q3)-(W1+W2)) #Magnitude and direction of the third heat interation\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"Magnitude and direction of the third heat interation=\",W3,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Magnitude and direction of the third heat interation= 98 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:168"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQ=-2100         #Non flow process losses heat in KJ\ndeltaU=420      #Gain heat\n\n#Calculation\nW=Q-deltaU      #Work done and compression process in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Work done and compression process=\",W,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Work done and compression process= -2520 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:168"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nW=-2000      #Work input of panddle wheel in KJ\nQ=-6000      #Heat transferred to the surrounding from tank\n\n#Calculation\ndeltaU=Q-W   #Change in interval energy\n\n#Output\nprint(\"change in interval energy drop=\",deltaU,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "change in interval energy drop= -4000 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:169"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nU1=520       #internal energy in KJ/Kg\nU2=350       #internal energy in KJ/Kg\nW=-80        #work done by the air in the cylinder KJ/kg\n\n#Calculation\ndeltaU=U2-U1\nQ=deltaU+W   #Heat transferred during the process\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Heat transferred during the process=\",Q,\"KJ\")\n    ",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Heat transferred during the process= -250 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:169"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nW1=800              #Power of turbine shaft Kw\nW2=-5               #Work pump to feed in Kw  \nQ1=2700             #Heat for steam generation KJ/Kg\nQ2=-1800            #Condenser rejected heat KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nm=((W1+W2)/(Q1+Q2)) #Steam flow rate in Kg/h\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Steam flow rate=\",round(m,4),\"Kg/s\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Steam flow rate= 0.8833 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:170"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\n#Data consistent with first law pf thermodynamics\nQabcd=-22                    #In KJ\nN=150                        #In Cycles/min\nQab=17580                    #In KJ/min\nQbc=0 \nQcd=-3660                    #In KJ/min\nWab=-8160                    #In KJ/min\nWbc=4170                    #In KJ/min \nDeltaUcd=-21630              #In KJ/min\n\n\n#calculation\nDeltaUab=Qab-Wab              #In KJ/min\nDeltaUbc=Qbc-Wbc              #In KJ/min \nWcd=Qcd-DeltaUcd              #In KJ/min\nQabcd1=-220*150               #In KJ/min\nQda=((Qabcd1)-(Qab+Qbc+Qcd))  #In KJ/min\nWda=((Qabcd1)-(Wab+Wbc+Wcd))     #In KJ/min\nDeltaUabcd=0\nDeltaUda=((DeltaUabcd)-(DeltaUab+DeltaUbc+DeltaUcd)) #In KJ/min\nNWO=Qabcd1/60                   #In KW\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"DeltaUab= \",DeltaUab,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"DeltaUbc= \",DeltaUbc,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Wcd= \",Wcd,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Qabcd1= \",Qabcd1,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Qda= \",Qda,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Wda= \",Wda,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"DeltaUabcd= \",DeltaUabcd,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"DeltaUda= \",DeltaUda,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"NWO=\",NWO,\"Kw\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "DeltaUab=  25740 KJ/min\nDeltaUbc=  -4170 KJ/min\nWcd=  17970 KJ/min\nQabcd1=  -33000 KJ/min\nQda=  -46920 KJ/min\nWda=  -46980 KJ/min\nDeltaUabcd=  0 KJ/min\nDeltaUda=  60 KJ/min\nNWO= -550.0 Kw\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:171"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQab=-6500  #Heat transferred in 1st process KJ/min\nQbc=0      #Heat transferred in 2nd process \nQcd=-10200 #Heat transferred in 3rd process KJ/min\nQda=32600  #Heat transferred in 4th process KJ/min\nWab=-1050  #Heat transferred in 1st process KJ\nWbc=-3450  #Heat transferred in 2nd process KJ\nWcd=20400  #Heat transferred in 3rd process KJ\nWda=0      #Heat transferred in 4th process\n\n#Calculator\ndQ=Qab+Qbc+Qcd+Qda #Net heat transfer in 1st cycle\ndW=Wab+Wbc+Wcd+Wda #Net work done in 1st cycle\ndW1=dW/60          #Net work done in 1st cycle\nDeltaUab=Qab-Wab   #ab process\nDeltaUbc=Qbc-Wbc   #bc processes\nDeltaUcd=Qcd-Wcd   #cd processes\nDeltaUda=Qda-Wda   #dc processes\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Net heat transfer in 1st cycle= \",dQ,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Net work done in 1st cycle= \",dW,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Net work done in 1st cycle= \",dW1,\"KW\")\nprint(\"ab process= \",DeltaUab,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"bc processes= \",DeltaUbc,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"cd processes= \",DeltaUcd,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"dc processes= \",DeltaUda,\"KJ/min\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Net heat transfer in 1st cycle=  15900 KJ/min\nNet work done in 1st cycle=  15900 KJ/min\nNet work done in 1st cycle=  265.0 KW\nab process=  -5450 KJ/min\nbc processes=  3450 KJ/min\ncd processes=  -30600 KJ/min\ndc processes=  32600 KJ/min\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermodynamics.ipynb b/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermodynamics.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d459e09d..00000000
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_9__Laws_Of_Thermodynamics.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,209 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "Chapter 9  Laws Of Thermodynamics"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": " Chapter 9 Law Of Thermodynamics"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 1 Page No:165"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQab=720   #Heat transfer of 1st processes in KJ \nQbc=-80   #Heat transfer of 2nd processes in KJ\nQcd=40    #Heat transfer of 3rd processes in KJ\nQda=-640  #Heat transfer of 4th processes in KJ\nWab=-90   #Work transfer of 1st processes in KJ\nWbc=-50   #Work transfer of 2nd processes in KJ\nWcd=130   #Work transfer of 3rd processes in KJ\n\n\n#Calculation\n#From the 1st law of thermodynamic for close system undergoing a cycle.\n\n#Work interaction during the 4th processes \nWda=((Qab+Qbc+Qcd+Qda)-(Wab+Wbc+Wcd)) \n\n#Output\nprint(\"Work interaction during the 4th processes=\",Wda,\"KJ\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Work interaction during the 4th processes= 50 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 2 Page No:166"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\n                      #During compression\nW1=-9200              #Stroke work done by the piston in Nm\nNm1=-9.2              #Nm of work done\nQ1=-50                #Heat rejected during copression in KJ\n                      #During expansion\nW2=8400               #Stroke work done by the piston in Nm\nNm2=8.4               #Nm of work done\n\n#Calculation\n                      #Quantity of heat transferred\nQ2=-((Nm1+Nm2)+Q1)    #-sign for indicate heat is transferred\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Quantity of heat transferred=\",Q2,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Quantity of heat transferred= 50.8 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 3 Page No:166"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\nW1=-20                  #Work interaction to the fluid in KJ\nW2=42                   #Work interaction from the fluid in KJ\nQ1=85                   #Heat interaction to the fluid in KJ\nQ2=85                   #Heat interaction to the fluid in KJ\nQ3=-50                  #Heat interaction from the fluid in KJ\n\n#calculation\nW3=((Q1+Q2+Q3)-(W1+W2)) #Magnitude and direction of the third heat interation\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"Magnitude and direction of the third heat interation=\",W3,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Magnitude and direction of the third heat interation= 98 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 51
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 4 Page No:168"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQ=-2100         #Non flow process losses heat in KJ\ndeltaU=420      #Gain heat\n\n#Calculation\nW=Q-deltaU      #Work done and compression process in KJ\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Work done and compression process=\",W,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Work done and compression process= -2520 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 52
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 5 Page No:168"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nW=-2000      #Work input of panddle wheel in KJ\nQ=-6000      #Heat transferred to the surrounding from tank\n\n#Calculation\ndeltaU=Q-W   #Change in interval energy\n\n#Output\nprint(\"change in interval energy drop=\",deltaU,\"KJ\")",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "change in interval energy drop= -4000 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 6 Page No:169"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nU1=520       #internal energy in KJ/Kg\nU2=350       #internal energy in KJ/Kg\nW=-80        #work done by the air in the cylinder KJ/kg\n\n#Calculation\ndeltaU=U2-U1\nQ=deltaU+W   #Heat transferred during the process\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Heat transferred during the process=\",Q,\"KJ\")\n    ",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Heat transferred during the process= -250 KJ\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 7 Page No:169"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nW1=800              #Power of turbine shaft Kw\nW2=-5               #Work pump to feed in Kw  \nQ1=2700             #Heat for steam generation KJ/Kg\nQ2=-1800            #Condenser rejected heat KJ/Kg\n\n#Calculation\nm=((W1+W2)/(Q1+Q2)) #Steam flow rate in Kg/h\n\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Steam flow rate=\",round(m,4),\"Kg/s\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Steam flow rate= 0.8833 Kg/s\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 8 Page No:170"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#input data\n#Data consistent with first law pf thermodynamics\nQabcd=-22                    #In KJ\nN=150                        #In Cycles/min\nQab=17580                    #In KJ/min\nQbc=0 \nQcd=-3660                    #In KJ/min\nWab=-8160                    #In KJ/min\nWbc=4170                    #In KJ/min \nDeltaUcd=-21630              #In KJ/min\n\n\n#calculation\nDeltaUab=Qab-Wab              #In KJ/min\nDeltaUbc=Qbc-Wbc              #In KJ/min \nWcd=Qcd-DeltaUcd              #In KJ/min\nQabcd1=-220*150               #In KJ/min\nQda=((Qabcd1)-(Qab+Qbc+Qcd))  #In KJ/min\nWda=((Qabcd1)-(Wab+Wbc+Wcd))     #In KJ/min\nDeltaUabcd=0\nDeltaUda=((DeltaUabcd)-(DeltaUab+DeltaUbc+DeltaUcd)) #In KJ/min\nNWO=Qabcd1/60                   #In KW\n\n\n#output\nprint(\"DeltaUab= \",DeltaUab,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"DeltaUbc= \",DeltaUbc,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Wcd= \",Wcd,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Qabcd1= \",Qabcd1,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Qda= \",Qda,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Wda= \",Wda,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"DeltaUabcd= \",DeltaUabcd,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"DeltaUda= \",DeltaUda,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"NWO=\",NWO,\"Kw\")\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "DeltaUab=  25740 KJ/min\nDeltaUbc=  -4170 KJ/min\nWcd=  17970 KJ/min\nQabcd1=  -33000 KJ/min\nQda=  -46920 KJ/min\nWda=  -46980 KJ/min\nDeltaUabcd=  0 KJ/min\nDeltaUda=  60 KJ/min\nNWO= -550.0 Kw\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 47
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": "Example 9 Page No:171"
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": "#Input data\nQab=-6500  #Heat transferred in 1st process KJ/min\nQbc=0      #Heat transferred in 2nd process \nQcd=-10200 #Heat transferred in 3rd process KJ/min\nQda=32600  #Heat transferred in 4th process KJ/min\nWab=-1050  #Heat transferred in 1st process KJ\nWbc=-3450  #Heat transferred in 2nd process KJ\nWcd=20400  #Heat transferred in 3rd process KJ\nWda=0      #Heat transferred in 4th process\n\n#Calculator\ndQ=Qab+Qbc+Qcd+Qda #Net heat transfer in 1st cycle\ndW=Wab+Wbc+Wcd+Wda #Net work done in 1st cycle\ndW1=dW/60          #Net work done in 1st cycle\nDeltaUab=Qab-Wab   #ab process\nDeltaUbc=Qbc-Wbc   #bc processes\nDeltaUcd=Qcd-Wcd   #cd processes\nDeltaUda=Qda-Wda   #dc processes\n\n#Output\nprint(\"Net heat transfer in 1st cycle= \",dQ,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Net work done in 1st cycle= \",dW,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"Net work done in 1st cycle= \",dW1,\"KW\")\nprint(\"ab process= \",DeltaUab,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"bc processes= \",DeltaUbc,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"cd processes= \",DeltaUcd,\"KJ/min\")\nprint(\"dc processes= \",DeltaUda,\"KJ/min\")\n\n",
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": "Net heat transfer in 1st cycle=  15900 KJ/min\nNet work done in 1st cycle=  15900 KJ/min\nNet work done in 1st cycle=  265.0 KW\nab process=  -5450 KJ/min\nbc processes=  3450 KJ/min\ncd processes=  -30600 KJ/min\ndc processes=  32600 KJ/min\n"
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 50
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Sturcture_and_Radioactivity.ipynb b/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Sturcture_and.ipynb
index e9abaa8b..e9abaa8b 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Sturcture_and_Radioactivity.ipynb
+++ b/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Sturcture_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_6_Phase_Equilibria.ipynb b/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_6_Phase.ipynb
index 5402537e..5402537e 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_6_Phase_Equilibria.ipynb
+++ b/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_6_Phase.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kineticcs_and_Catalysis.ipynb b/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kineticcs_and.ipynb
index fc4902d9..fc4902d9 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kineticcs_and_Catalysis.ipynb
+++ b/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kineticcs_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_02_Fundamentals_of_C_language.ipynb b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_02_Fundamentals_of_C.ipynb
index 2c500315..2c500315 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_02_Fundamentals_of_C_language.ipynb
+++ b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_02_Fundamentals_of_C.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_03_Input_Output_Functions_and_Statements.ipynb b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_03_Input_Output_Functions_and.ipynb
index e0941e6f..e0941e6f 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_03_Input_Output_Functions_and_Statements.ipynb
+++ b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_03_Input_Output_Functions_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_04_Control_Statements_in_C.ipynb b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_04ontrol_Statements_in.ipynb
index 6dcd833e..6dcd833e 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_04_Control_Statements_in_C.ipynb
+++ b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_04ontrol_Statements_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_05_Loop_Control_Structures_In_C.ipynb b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_05_Loopontrol_Structures_In.ipynb
index 87019e9b..87019e9b 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_05_Loop_Control_Structures_In_C.ipynb
+++ b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_05_Loopontrol_Structures_In.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_06_Arrays_and_Subscripted_Variables.ipynb b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_06_Arrays_and_Subscripted.ipynb
index 4d310a43..4d310a43 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_06_Arrays_and_Subscripted_Variables.ipynb
+++ b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_06_Arrays_and_Subscripted.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_07_String_Manipulations_in_C.ipynb b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_07_String_Manipulations_in.ipynb
index 9a0df3cb..9a0df3cb 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_07_String_Manipulations_in_C.ipynb
+++ b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_07_String_Manipulations_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_08_Functins_in_C.ipynb b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_08_Functins_in.ipynb
index 90388fc6..90388fc6 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_08_Functins_in_C.ipynb
+++ b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_08_Functins_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_09_Structures_and_Unions.ipynb b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_09_Structures_and.ipynb
index 30accc65..30accc65 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_09_Structures_and_Unions.ipynb
+++ b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_09_Structures_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_11_Files.ipynb b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_11.ipynb
index a198f1a0..a198f1a0 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_11_Files.ipynb
+++ b/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_10_Absorption.ipynb b/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_10.ipynb
index f8eab018..f8eab018 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_10_Absorption.ipynb
+++ b/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_10_Absorbption.ipynb b/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_10_Absorbption.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index b131e247..00000000
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_10_Absorbption.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,255 +0,0 @@
-{

- "cells": [

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Chapter 10 Absorbption"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "## Example 10_2_1 pgno:313"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 16,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "The diameter of the tower is ft 6.4\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "#initialization of variables\n",

-    "c = 0.92\n",

-    "F = 93. # ft**-1\n",

-    "nu = 2. # cs\n",

-    "dl = 63. # lb/ft**3\n",

-    "dg = 2.8 # lb/ft**3\n",

-    "G = 23. #lb/sex\n",

-    "from math import pi\n",

-    "#Calculations\n",

-    "G11 = c*((dl-dg)**0.5)/(((F)**0.5)*(nu**0.05))#  lb/ft**2-sec\n",

-    "A  = G/G11# ft**2\n",

-    "d = (4*A/pi)**0.5#ft\n",

-    "#Results\n",

-    "print\"The diameter of the tower is ft\",round(d,1)\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "## Example 10_3_1 pgno:318"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 17,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "The length of the tower is m 3.2\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "#Initialization of variables\n",

-    "G = 2.3 # Gas flow in gmol/sec\n",

-    "L = 4.8 # Liquid flow in gmol/sec\n",

-    "y0 = 0.0126 # entering gas Mole fraction of CO2\n",

-    "yl = 0.0004 # Exiting gas mole fraction of CO2 \n",

-    "xl = 0 # Exiting liquid mole fraction of CO2\n",

-    "d = 40. # Diameter of the tower in cm\n",

-    "x0star = 0.0080# if the amine left in equilibrium with the entering gas would contain 0.80 percent C02\n",

-    "Kya = 5*10**-5 # Overall M.T.C and the product times the area per volume in gmol/cm**3-sec\n",

-    "from math import pi\n",

-    "from math import log\n",

-    "#Calculations\n",

-    "A =pi*(d**2)/4\n",

-    "x0 = ((G*(y0-yl))/(L)) + xl # Entering liquid mole fraction of CO2\n",

-    "m = y0/x0star # Equilibirum constant\n",

-    "c1 = G/(A*Kya)\n",

-    "c2 = 1/(1-(m*G/L))\n",

-    "c3 = log((y0-m*x0)/(yl-m*xl))\n",

-    "l = (G/(A*Kya))*(1/(1-((m*G)/L)))*(log((y0-m*x0)/(yl-m*xl)))/100 #length of the tower in metres\n",

-    "#Results\n",

-    "print\"The length of the tower is m\",round(l,1)\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "## Example 10_3_2 pgno:319"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 18,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "the percentage of oxygen we can remove is 98.4\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "#initialization of variables\n",

-    "l = 200. # Length of the tower in cm\n",

-    "d = 60. # diameter of the tower\n",

-    "Lf = 300. # Liquid flow in cc/sec\n",

-    "Kx = 2.2*10**-3 # dominant transfer co efficient in liquid in cm/sec\n",

-    "from math import pi\n",

-    "from math import exp\n",

-    "#Calculations\n",

-    "A = pi*60*60/4 # Area of the cross section in sq cm\n",

-    "L = Lf/A # Liquid flux in cm**2/sec\n",

-    "ratio = 1/(exp((l*Kx)/L))\n",

-    "percentage = (1-ratio)*100 # Percentage removal of Oxygen\n",

-    "#Results\n",

-    "print\"the percentage of oxygen we can remove is\",round(percentage,1)\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Rounding of error in textbook"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "## Example 10_4_1 pgno:324"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 19,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "The flow of pure water into the top of the tower kgmol/sec 0.0652\n",

-      "\n",

-      " The diameter of the tower is  m 3.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      " The length of the tower is m 1232.0\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "#initialization of variables\n",

-    "y1in = 0.37 # mole fraction of Ammonia in gas mixture entering\n",

-    "y2in =0.16 # mole fraction of nitrogen in gas mixture entering\n",

-    "y3in = 0.47 # mole fraction of hydrogen in gas mixture entering\n",

-    "x1out = 0.23 # mole fraction of Ammonia in liquid coming out\n",

-    "y1out = 0.01 # mole fraction of ammonia in gas coming out\n",

-    "G0 = 1.20 # Gas glow entering in m**3/sec\n",

-    "Mu = 1.787*0.01*0.3048/2.23 # liquid viscousity in american units\n",

-    "dl = 62.4 # Density of  liquid in lb/ft**3\n",

-    "KG = 0.032 # Overall m.t.c in gas phase in  gas side m/sec\n",

-    "a = 105 # surface area in m**2/m**3\n",

-    "gc = 32.2 # acceleration due to gravity in ft/sec**2\n",

-    "dg = 0.0326 # Density of gas in lb/ft**3\n",

-    "#Molecular weights of Ammonia , N2 , H2\n",

-    "M1 = 17\n",

-    "M2 = 28\n",

-    "M3 = 2\n",

-    "Nu = 1 # Viscousity\n",

-    "from math import pi \n",

-    "#Calculations\n",

-    "AG0 = (y2in+y3in)*G0/22.4 # Total flow of non absorbed gases in kgmol/sec\n",

-    "ANH3 = y1in*G0/22.4- (y1out*AG0)/(1-y1out) # Ammonia absorbed kgmol/sec\n",

-    "AL0 = ((1-x1out)/x1out)*ANH3 # the desired water flow in kgmol/sec\n",

-    "avg1 = 11.7 # Average mol wt of gas\n",

-    "avg2 = 17.8 # avg mol wt of liquid\n",

-    "TFG = avg1*AG0/(y2in+y3in)#Total flow of gas in kg/sec\n",

-    "TFL = avg2*AL0/(1-x1out)#total flow of liquid in kg/sec\n",

-    "F = 45 # Packing factor\n",

-    "GFF =  1.3*((dl-dg)**0.5)/((F**0.5)*(Nu**0.05))# Flux we require in lb/ft**2-sec\n",

-    "GFF1 = GFF*0.45/(0.3**2) # in kg/m**2-sec (answer wrong in textbook)\n",

-    "Area = TFG/GFF1 # Area of the cross section of tower\n",

-    "dia = ((4*Area/pi)**0.5)*10.9# diameter in metres\n",

-    "HTU = (22.4*AG0/pi*dia**2)/(KG*a*4)\n",

-    "NTU = 5555\n",

-    "l = HTU*NTU # Length of the tower\n",

-    "#Results\n",

-    "print\"The flow of pure water into the top of the tower kgmol/sec\",round(AL0,4)\n",

-    "print\"\\n The diameter of the tower is  m\",round(dia,1)\n",

-    "print\"\\n The length of the tower is m\",round(l)\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": null,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": true

-   },

-   "outputs": [],

-   "source": []

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": null,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": true

-   },

-   "outputs": [],

-   "source": []

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": null,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": true

-   },

-   "outputs": [],

-   "source": []

-  }

- ],

- "metadata": {

-  "kernelspec": {

-   "display_name": "Python 2",

-   "language": "python",

-   "name": "python2"

-  },

-  "language_info": {

-   "codemirror_mode": {

-    "name": "ipython",

-    "version": 2

-   },

-   "file_extension": ".py",

-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",

-   "name": "python",

-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",

-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",

-   "version": "2.7.9"

-  }

- },

- "nbformat": 4,

- "nbformat_minor": 0

-}

diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter1.ipynb b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter1.ipynb
index 3f0fb80c..de235249 100755..100644
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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Z3glmlgM8BrQHmgGXmplqz2OUlweLFsHIkWHZVhHJPrF0uXX3ZRCKRnvRGljh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\nEUnY/wfincqi2HtregAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f473abb8710>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f10202bcf50>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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zSqtNKpV6UQalGaUeKUqERNwskLoJUSyVjBEXsRql4OLq9yywyPFtRqknijwt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\nmKgbhmEkxP8H1mfQrGLrivYAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f473a895a50>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f1009538350>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import arange\n",
     "%matplotlib inline\n",
     "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,title,xlabel,ylabel,show,figure,text\n",
     "from math import sin,pi,sqrt\n",
     "\n",
     "#Figure 1.2: Analog to Digital Conversion\n",
-    "t = np.arange(-1,1.01,0.01)\n",
+    "t = arange(-1,1.01,0.01)\n",
     "x = [2*sin((pi/2)*tt) for tt in t]\n",
     "dig_data = [0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1]\n",
     "figure=figure()\n",
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter2.ipynb b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter2.ipynb
index 49325463..497875b7 100755..100644
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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tUWCY+lWvQ9eu8OijcPLJ4fKiiIhIFijhyhgzO9nMxgIbmtnY2N8k4L2Uw2sS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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f4e00050f10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f94d28b5310>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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WtDkFpvsws/8lHVxdeLJyrv49/DAcfTQMHQr77JN2NC4J5ZishprZsZIqKZys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\nmff/xUXp9BgBdbUAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f4de45b5e10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f1bfe6cf890>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter3.ipynb b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter3.ipynb
index cb451838..3763a6e7 100755..100644
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter3.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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88T3AMRGxsqotdxxmZiMw2tVNZeZJbEqkA5aTJdLNrjpmLln1umvz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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f3eb2943610>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff404cc5710>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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YDFyQXjjxeJJwzqWtVZJE2mMSrxIGpHNGEa4mNiNpL+AGYIKZvV2soUbOk/Ak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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f3eb26e6d10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3eae3fad0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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nB1F8SuJK4OfAyb3u92TGl6aPBK6l+GRIk+KbBXwLuA64GOhr+vHrdCyAE4AT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\nmbU4KZiZWcv/B2PoWc8YAO08AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa3f2804950>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3eb2efa90>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -146,9 +146,9 @@
     },
     {
      "data": {
-      "image/png": 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hw4YoWbIk7rvvPuzbty9LXz755JObfRk4cCASExPRuXNnFC9eHB06dMC5c+d0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\nYu4Hg8Oe35fgT0ujDXd5RikG+nvgAWDMGEY3TUw0b1gKvYmNZWTJHTv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ipptuQmZmpld7f/zxB5o2bYrSpUvjuuuuw5YtW7z68umnn17sS+/evZGRkYGu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\nFfwuLi4uVQxX8Lu4uLhUMf4fRbVMtfhdCn8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa40942a910>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3eb014210>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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gzXWjJOm0g4iMBRrE2XRr9BtVVRFJdJoPU9UlIlIXGCsic1U17vo6twqxxOPw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\nmVnJuPCbmZXMf3bsm31O2SeyAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f527e136a50>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3eaa3f9d0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -279,16 +279,16 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
-      "image/png": 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AJeEm/Pdf6NkTPvggakkcx/zzNWvCNdfYhGzVqlFL5CRCutMlNAG6q2qL4H0X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\nfI6IZENe3caq+m7w/2DMNZ4nUSr7TYuyRKQCtih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21j77bNiSlM6VV1rpvrvuCluS8sWwYZYnPdfZNFevNjPhgw9a+Od111koaLUQ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\nSik1QDb7lFJqgGz2KaXUANnsU0qpAf4AxwLQj2+z+H8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f527df99e50>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3ea9d83d0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -351,6 +351,61 @@
     "if(sigma_X > sigma_E):\n",
     "    print 'The predictor-error variance is less than the variance of the predictor input'\n"
    ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example3.29 page 137"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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jvvvuw4EDB3L05eOPP77el/79+yMlJQWdO3dGyZIl0bFjR2RkZGiOxX//RePo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\nd3FxcalluILfxcXFpZbx/3rGsx341WU1AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3eadbb110>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,sin,pi,random,zeros\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,title,show\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Implementation of LMS ADAPTIVE FILTER\n",
+    "#For noise cancellation application\n",
+    "\n",
+    "order = 18;\n",
+    "t = arange(0,0.01+1,.01)\n",
+    "x = sin(2*pi*5*t);\n",
+    "noise =random.random(len(x));\n",
+    "x_n = x+noise;\n",
+    "ref_noise = noise*random.random();\n",
+    "w = zeros(order)\n",
+    "mu = 0.01*(sum(x**22)/len(x))\n",
+    "N = len(x);\n",
+    "subplot(4,1,1)\n",
+    "plot(t,x)\n",
+    "title('Orignal Input Signal')\n",
+    "subplot(4,1,2)\n",
+    "plot(t,noise)\n",
+    "title('random noise')\n",
+    "subplot(4,1,3)\n",
+    "plot(t,x_n)\n",
+    "title('Signal+noise')\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter3_JoJ2mAG.ipynb b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter3_JoJ2mAG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3763a6e7..00000000
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter3_JoJ2mAG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,432 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 3 Detection & Estimation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.1 page 120"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff404cc5710>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
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YDFyQXjjxeJJwzqWtVZJE2mMSrxIGpHNGEa4mNiNpL+AGYIKZvV2soUbOk/Ak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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3eae3fad0>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import arange, ones, sqrt\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, subplot, xlabel,ylabel,title, show\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#using Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure\n",
-    "T = 1#\n",
-    "t1 = arange(0,0.01+T/3,0.01)\n",
-    "t2 = arange(0,0.01+2*T/3,0.01)\n",
-    "t3 = arange(T/3,0.01+T,0.01)\n",
-    "t4 = arange(0,0.01+T,0.01)\n",
-    "s1t = [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t1)-2)]+[0]\n",
-    "s2t = [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t2)-2)]+[0]\n",
-    "s3t = [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t3)-2)]+[0]\n",
-    "s4t = [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t4)-2)]+[0]\n",
-    "t5 = arange(0,0.01+T/3,0.01)\n",
-    "phi1t =  [sqrt(3/T)*x for x in [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t5)-2)]+[0]]\n",
-    "t6 =arange(T/3,0.01+2*T/3,0.01)\n",
-    "phi2t = [sqrt(3/T)*x for x in [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t6)-2)]+[0]]\n",
-    "t7 = arange(2*T/3,0.01+T,0.01)\n",
-    "phi3t = [sqrt(3/T)*x for x in [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t7)-2)]+[0]]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#figure\n",
-    "title('Figure3.4(a) Set of signals to be orthonormalized')\n",
-    "subplot(4,1,1)\n",
-    "plot(t1,s1t)\n",
-    "xlabel('t')\n",
-    "ylabel('s1(t)')\n",
-    "subplot(4,1,2)\n",
-    "plot(t2,s2t)\n",
-    "xlabel('t')\n",
-    "ylabel('s2(t)')\n",
-    "subplot(4,1,3)\n",
-    "plot(t3,s3t)\n",
-    "xlabel('t')\n",
-    "ylabel('s3(t)')\n",
-    "subplot(4,1,4)\n",
-    "plot(t4,s4t)\n",
-    "xlabel('t')\n",
-    "ylabel('s4(t)')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#figure\n",
-    "title('Figure3.4(b) The resulting set of orthonormal functions')\n",
-    "subplot(3,1,1)\n",
-    "plot(t5,phi1t)\n",
-    "xlabel('t')\n",
-    "ylabel('phi1(t)')\n",
-    "subplot(3,1,2)\n",
-    "plot(t6,phi2t)\n",
-    "xlabel('t')\n",
-    "ylabel('phi2(t)')\n",
-    "subplot(3,1,3)\n",
-    "plot(t7,phi3t)\n",
-    "xlabel('t')\n",
-    "ylabel('phi3(t)')\n",
-    "show()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.2 page 121"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3eb2efa90>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Figure 3.8 (b).Representation of transmitted dibits\n",
-      "Loc. of meg.point| (-3/2)asqrt(T)|(-1/2)asqrt(T)|(3/2)asqrt(T)|(1/2)asqrt(T)\n",
-      "________________________________________________________________________________\n",
-      "Transmitted dibit|         00    |      01      |   11        |   10\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Figure 3.8 (c). Decision intervals for received dibits\n",
-      "Received dibit     |     00          |      01       |   11          |   10\n",
-      "________________________________________________________________________________\n",
-      "Interval on phi1(t)| x1 < -a.sqrt(T) |-a.sqrt(T)<x1<0| 0<x1<a.sqrt(T) | a.sqrt(T)<x1\n",
-      "0.0049504950495\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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ipptuQmZmpld7f/zxB5o2bYrSpUvjuuuuw5YtW7z68umnn17sS+/evZGRkYGu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\nFfwuLi4uVQxX8Lu4uLhUMf4fRbVMtfhdCn8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3eb014210>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import sqrt,arange,random,sin,pi,zeros,multiply\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,xlabel,ylabel,title,show,grid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Signal constellation and Representation of dibits\n",
-    "a =1#  #amplitude =1\n",
-    "T =1# #Symbol duration in seconds\n",
-    "#Four  message points\n",
-    "Si1 = [(-3/2)*a*sqrt(T),(-1/2)*a*sqrt(T),(3/2)*a*sqrt(T),(1/2)*a*sqrt(T)]\n",
-    "plot(Si1,[0,0,0,0])\n",
-    "xlabel('phi1(t)')\n",
-    "title('Figure 3.8 (a) Signal constellation')\n",
-    "grid()\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "print 'Figure 3.8 (b).Representation of transmitted dibits'\n",
-    "print 'Loc. of meg.point| (-3/2)asqrt(T)|(-1/2)asqrt(T)|(3/2)asqrt(T)|(1/2)asqrt(T)'\n",
-    "print '________________________________________________________________________________'\n",
-    "print 'Transmitted dibit|         00    |      01      |   11        |   10'\n",
-    "print ''\n",
-    "print ''\n",
-    "print 'Figure 3.8 (c). Decision intervals for received dibits'\n",
-    "print 'Received dibit     |     00          |      01       |   11          |   10'\n",
-    "print '________________________________________________________________________________'\n",
-    "print 'Interval on phi1(t)| x1 < -a.sqrt(T) |-a.sqrt(T)<x1<0| 0<x1<a.sqrt(T) | a.sqrt(T)<x1'\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Implementation of LMS ADAPTIVE FILTER\n",
-    "#For noise cancellation application\n",
-    "order = 18#\n",
-    "t =arange(0,0.01+1,0.01)\n",
-    "x = [sin(2*pi*5*tt) for tt in t]\n",
-    "noise =random.rand(len(x))\n",
-    "x_n = x+noise#\n",
-    "ref_noise = [noise*xx for xx in random.rand(10)]\n",
-    "w = zeros([order,1])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "mu = 0.01*(sum(multiply(x,x))/len(x))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print mu\n",
-    "\n",
-    "N = len(x)#\n",
-    "desired=[]\n",
-    "for k in range(0,1010):\n",
-    "    for i in range(0,N-order-1):\n",
-    "        if i < len(ref_noise):\n",
-    "            buffer = ref_noise[i]#,i+order-1]\n",
-    "            desired.append(x_n[i]-buffer*w)\n",
-    "            w = w+(buffer*mu*desired[i])\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "subplot(4,1,1)\n",
-    "plot(t,x)\n",
-    "title('Orignal Input Signal')\n",
-    "subplot(4,1,2)\n",
-    "plot(t,noise)\n",
-    "title('random noise')\n",
-    "subplot(4,1,3)\n",
-    "plot(t,x_n)\n",
-    "title('Signal+noise')\n",
-    "show()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.3 page 123"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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gzXWjJOm0g4iMBRrE2XRr9BtVVRFJdJoPU9UlIlIXGCsic1U17vo6twqxxOPw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\nmVnJuPCbmZXMf3bsm31O2SeyAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3eaa3f9d0>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import arange,sqrt,cos,pi,convolve\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,title,show\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fc =4# #carrier frequency in Hz\n",
-    "T =1#\n",
-    "t1 = arange(0,0.01+T,0.01)\n",
-    "phit = [sqrt(2/T)*xx for xx in cos(2*pi*fc*t1)]\n",
-    "hopt = phit#\n",
-    "\n",
-    "phiot = convolve(phit,hopt)#\n",
-    "phiot = [yy/max(phiot) for yy in phiot]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t2 = arange(0,0.01+2*T,0.01)\n",
-    "subplot(2,1,1)\n",
-    "plot(t1,phit)#\n",
-    "title('Figure 3.13 (a) RF pulse input')\n",
-    "subplot(2,1,2)\n",
-    "plot(t2,phiot)#\n",
-    "title('Figure 3.13 (b) Matched Filter output')\n",
-    "show()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.4 page 124"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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21j77bNiSlM6VV1rpvrvuCluS8sWwYZYnPdfZNFevNjPhgw9a+Od111koaLUQ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\nSik1QDb7lFJqgGz2KaXUANnsU0qpAf4AxwLQj2+z+H8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3ea9d83d0>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import random,convolve\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,title,show\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "phit = [0.1*xx for xx in random.uniform(0,1,10)]\n",
-    "hopt = phit\n",
-    "phi0t = convolve(phit,hopt)\n",
-    "phi0t = [yy/max(phi0t) for yy in phi0t]\n",
-    "subplot(2,1,1)\n",
-    "plot(range(0,len(phit)),phit)\n",
-    "title('Figure 3.16 (a) Noise Like input signal')\n",
-    "subplot(2,1,2)\n",
-    "plot(range(0,len(phi0t)),phi0t)\n",
-    "title('Figure 3.16 (b) Matched Filter output')\n",
-    "show()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.6 page 127"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Predictor-error variance 0.64\n",
-      "1 Predictor input variance 1\n",
-      "The predictor-error variance is less than the variance of the predictor input\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rxx = [0.6, 1, 0.6]\n",
-    "h01 = Rxx[2]/Rxx[1]#  #Rxx(2) = Rxx(0), Rxx(3) = Rxx(1)\n",
-    "sigma_E = Rxx[1] - h01*Rxx[2]\n",
-    "sigma_X = Rxx[1]\n",
-    "print 'Predictor-error variance',sigma_E\n",
-    "print sigma_X,'Predictor input variance',sigma_X\n",
-    "if(sigma_X > sigma_E):\n",
-    "    print 'The predictor-error variance is less than the variance of the predictor input'\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.29 page 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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jvvvuw4EDB3L05eOPP77el/79+yMlJQWdO3dGyZIl0bFjR2RkZGiOxX//RePo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\nd3FxcalluILfxcXFpZbx/3rGsx341WU1AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3eadbb110>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,sin,pi,random,zeros\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,title,show\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Implementation of LMS ADAPTIVE FILTER\n",
-    "#For noise cancellation application\n",
-    "\n",
-    "order = 18;\n",
-    "t = arange(0,0.01+1,.01)\n",
-    "x = sin(2*pi*5*t);\n",
-    "noise =random.random(len(x));\n",
-    "x_n = x+noise;\n",
-    "ref_noise = noise*random.random();\n",
-    "w = zeros(order)\n",
-    "mu = 0.01*(sum(x**22)/len(x))\n",
-    "N = len(x);\n",
-    "subplot(4,1,1)\n",
-    "plot(t,x)\n",
-    "title('Orignal Input Signal')\n",
-    "subplot(4,1,2)\n",
-    "plot(t,noise)\n",
-    "title('random noise')\n",
-    "subplot(4,1,3)\n",
-    "plot(t,x_n)\n",
-    "title('Signal+noise')\n",
-    "show()"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter4.ipynb b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter4.ipynb
index a9616b0d..7ff40f44 100755..100644
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter4.ipynb
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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aM+tyH30EX/0qrLBCuny73m+u56SmPNynpn2WBXaOiOnNjZS0NDCophGZmdXQ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\nNWZmZlYK/x9BcGdXqAyYrQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f05d85531d0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f8850d971d0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter5.ipynb b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter5.ipynb
index d8a60805..34a5529c 100755..100644
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter5.ipynb
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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XO5SN/J3ZzjnXjEx8eyJfGvol2qn5nJ4LGomk2yQtjo0LZsaNlbRQ0tTYHZmY\ndomkOZJmS6qp1VrnnGvVJrw9gcM+07xOf4VOsv4GHJE1zoDrzGxU7MYDSBoJnASMjMvcJDWjJNU5\n5wqssrqSJ+c9yWFDW3hCIekOSTeneXmRmT0DLK9pNTWMOwYYZ2YVZjafUAV377rG55xzLdVL77/E\noJ6DGNB9QLFD2Ux9rthvBJ4ETmvAdr8n6TVJt0rqFcdtCyxMzLOQ8NpV55xrEya8PYHDhx5e7DC2\nkObJ7M2Y2YvAi8AD9dzmzcAVsf8XhGq438y1uZpGjh07dmN/WVkZZWVl9QzFOeeajwlvT+AXB/+i\nUdZVXl5OeXl5o6wr34uL+gLnAcsIZQ1XAwcRsoR+ZGapns6WNAR41Mx2zTdN0sUAZnZlnPY4cLmZ\nTclaxl9c5JxrdZavXc7g6wez5MIldCrt1Ojrb8iLi/JlPd0NdACGA1OAecCJwGPALfXZGICkZObb\ncUCmRtQjwNcldZC0AzCMcOfinHOt3pPznuSAQQcUJJFoqHxZT9uY2aUKb81418yujuPfiG+9q5Wk\nccAXgK0lvQdcDpRJ2oOQrTSP0DItZjZL0n2EBgcrge/4rYNzrq2YMHdCs6vtlJEv62mqmY3K7q9p\nuCl51pNzrrUxMwZfP5gJp0xgRN8RBdlGod6Z/ZlEw4A7JPoBdqjPxpxzzm1p9sezAZpVsx1J+RKK\nMfG/2NRAYMa1hQnHOefanolvT+TwoYc3i/dj1yRfQnEyMB54wsxWNlE8zjnX5kx4ewJn7nFmscPI\nKV+tp9uAPYB/S/qPpIsk7d5EcTnnXJuwrnIdzy54li9+5ovFDiWnfM2MTwYmA5dL2ho4DPixpF2B\nqcB4M7uvacJ0zrnW6bkFz7HLNrvQu3PvYoeSU6ons83sY8JzFXcDSPoc0PyeM3fOuRamObYWm63W\ntp4kbS3pj7FJ8Fcl/R6YZ2a/aoL4nHOuVZvw9gQO37F5X3enaRTwHmAJcDzhyeyPgHsLGZRzzrUF\nH678kAUrFrD3ds27oew0WU/9zSzZStUvJZ1UqICcc66tmPTOJA7d4VBK29W5fdYmleaOYqKkb0hq\nF7uTgImFDsw551q7CW8332Y7kvI14bGKTc18dwWqY387YLWZdS98eDXG5U14OOdavGqrpv+1/Xnp\n7JcY3GtwwbdXkCY8zKxb/UNyzjmXz7RF0+jTuU+TJBINVZ9XoQ6SdHMhgnHOubaiObcWmy1nQiFp\npKRHJc2lmRJ1AAAfhklEQVSSdJ+k7WPV2GeAOU0XonPOtT4Pv/kwRw87uthhpJKvqP1W4M+Ep7OP\nILxg6BZgJzNb1wSxOedcq/TO8nd4Z/k7HLLDIcUOJZV8CUVnM7s99s+WdL6ZXdgEMTnnXKt2z8x7\nOHHkibQvaV/sUFLJl1B0krRn7BewIQ4LMDN7teDROedcKzRu5jhuOuqmYoeRWr6EYhGbv4cie/jg\ngkTknHOt2MwlM/lk3SeMHjS62KGklq96bFkTxuGcc23CuBnj+PouX6ed6lzptGhaTqTOOdfCmRnj\nZo7jG7t+o9ih1IknFM4510SmvD+FDiUdGNV/VLFDqRNPKJxzromMmzGOb3z2G8323di51OfJ7AGS\nOhYiGOeca62qqqu4b9Z9LS7bCep3R/EP4E1J1zZ2MM4511qVzy9n2+7bMnyr4cUOpc7q3Ai6mR0q\nqR0wogDxOOdcqzRuZsh2aonSvAr1Okm7JMeZWbWZvV64sJxzrvVYX7meh2Y/xEm7tMx3vqXJenoD\n+IukFyV9W1LPQgflnHOtyYS3J7BL310Y2HNgsUOpl1oTCjP7q5mNBk4DhgAzJN0tyZ/Mds65FFpy\nthOkLMyWVALsTCiX+Ah4DfihpHtrWe42SYslzUiM6yNpkqS3JE2U1Csx7RJJcyTNltQyGmp3zrk8\nVm9Yzfg54zlx5InFDqXe0pRR/A54EzgK+JWZ7WVmV5nZV4A9aln8b4QmypMuBiaZ2XDgyTiMpJHA\nScDIuMxNsdDcOedarEfefIT9Bu5H3659ix1KvaU5EU8Hdjezc8zsxaxp++Rb0MyeAZZnjR4D3BH7\n7wCOjf3HAOPMrMLM5gNzgb1TxOecc81WS892gnQJxQpgY6PpknpJOhbAzD6pxzb7mdni2L8Y6Bf7\ntwUWJuZbCGxXj/U751yzsGztMp5+92mO3fnY2mduxtI8R3G5mT2YGTCzTySNBf7V0I2bmUmyfLPU\nNHLs2LEb+8vKyigrK2toKM451+jumXkPhw89nB4dezT5tsvLyykvL2+Udcks33kaJE03s92yxs0w\ns11TbUAaAjyamV/SbKDMzBZJGgA8ZWY7S7oYwMyujPM9TkikpmStz2qL2Tnniq3aqhl540j+8pW/\ncNDgg4odDpIws3o1MpUm6+mV+NDdUEk7xsLtV+qzsegR4PTYfzqb7kweAb4uqYOkHYBhQHaZiHPO\ntQgT5k6gS/suHDjowGKH0mBpEorvARXAvcA9wDrgvDQrlzQOeB7YSdJ7ks4ErgS+JOkt4JA4jJnN\nAu4DZgHjge/4rYNzrqW6fsr1fH/f77e4lmJrUmvWU3PjWU/Ouebu9SWv88U7v8j8C+bTsbR5NLbd\nkKynWguzJe0E/JjwVHZmfjOzQ+qzQeeca+3+MOUPnPu5c5tNItFQaWo93Q/cDNwCVMVxfknvnHM1\nWLpmKffNuo83v/tmsUNpNGkSigozu7ngkTjnXCvw51f+zHE7H8c2XbcpdiiNJk1C8aik84AHgfWZ\nkWa2rGBROedcC7ShagM3vnQj408eX+xQGlWahOIMQlbTj7PG79Do0TjnXAv2wKwH2Hnrndmt3261\nz9yC1JpQmNmQJojDOedaNDPjd5N/x2UHXVbsUBpdmtZju0r6X0l/jcPDJH258KE551zL8cLCF1i+\ndjlHDz+62KE0ujQP3P0N2ADsH4c/AH5VsIicc64Fun7y9VywzwW0a4VvR0izR0PN7CpCYoGZrS5s\nSM4517K8+8m7PDnvSc7Y44xih1IQaRKK9ZI6ZwYkDSVR+8k559q6G1+6kTN2P4PuHbsXO5SCSFPr\naSzwOLC9pLuB0YSaUM451+atWLeC26bexktnv1TsUAomVVtPkrYG9o2Dk83s44JGlT8Wb+vJOdds\nXPLEJSxevZjbjrmt2KHk1ZC2nnImFJJGmNkbkvYiPEeR2YABmNmr9dlgQ3lC4ZxrLhasWMCoP49i\n+rens12P5v1CzkIlFH81s7MllVND205mdnB9NthQnlA455qL0x46jcE9B/OLQ35R7FBqVZCEorny\nhMI51xxM/XAqR919FG99960WUYhd0DfcSTpPUu/EcG9J36nPxpxzrjUwMy6cdCGXHXRZi0gkGipN\n9dhzzGx5ZiD2n1O4kJxzrnl7fO7jLPx0Id/a81vFDqVJpEko2kmbHjWUVAK0L1xIzjnXfFVVV/GT\nJ37CVV+8ivYlbeNUmOY5ignAPZL+TKj59D+E5yqcc67NuX3a7fTu1JsxO40pdihNptbC7HgHcQ5w\naBw1CbjFzKpyL1U4XpjtnCuW1RtWM/yG4Tx00kPsvd3exQ6nTrzWk3PONYErnr6CWR/N4p4T7yl2\nKHXWkIQiZ9aTpPvN7KuSZrLlcxRmZq3rzRzOOZfHolWL+P2U37fqpjpyyffA3bZm9oGkwWx6Knsj\nM5tf4Nhq5HcUzrliOOfRc+jWoRvXHX5dsUOpl4LcUQCPAXsCvzSzU+sVmXPOtQIT357I43MfZ/q5\n04sdSlHkSyg6SjoZGC3peDa/qzAze7CwoTnnXPEtW7uMsx4+izuOvYNenXoVO5yiyJdQfBs4GegJ\nfKWG6Z5QOOdaNTPj3P87lxNHnsihnzm09gVaqXwJRX8z+7akV83sL00WkXPONRPjZo5jxuIZ3H7M\n7cUOpajyFWZPNbNRmf9NHFdOXpjtnGsK7614j73+shePn/I4ew7Ys9jhNFihCrOXSpoE7CDp0axp\nZmYNeixR0nzgU6AKqDCzvSX1Ae4FBgPzga+Z2ScN2Y5zztVVtVVz5sNncsE+F7SKRKKh8iUURxFq\nPf0DuJaswuxG2LYBZWa2LDHuYmCSmV0t6aI4fHEjbMs551K74cUbWF2xmosOuKjYoTQLaZrw6Gtm\nH0nqamarG23D0jzgc2a2NDFuNvAFM1ssqT9QbmY7Zy3nWU/OuYKZ9dEsDvrbQUz+1mR27LNjscNp\nNAV9HwUwTNIsYHbc2B6SbqrPxrIY8ISklyWdHcf1M7PFsX8x0K8RtuOcc6lsqNrAqQ+dyq8P/XWr\nSiQaKk3rsdcDRwAPA5jZNElfaIRtjzazDyX1BSbFu4mNzMwk+a2Dc67JXDjxQgZ0G8DZe55d+8xt\nSJqEAjNbIG12x1LZ0A2b2Yfx/0eSHgL2BhZL6m9miyQNAJbUtOzYsWM39peVlVFWVtbQcJxzbdz1\nk6/niXlP8NxZz5F1vmuRysvLKS8vb5R1pSmjeAD4HXADsA9wPqFs4ev13qjUBSgxs5WSugITgZ8D\nXwSWmtlVki4GepnZxVnLehmFc65RPfjGg5w//nyeO+s5BvcaXOxwCqKgzYzHrKHfE07iIpzUz08W\nQtd5o9IOwENxsBS4y8x+E6vH3gcMIkf1WE8onHON6YX3XmDMPWOYcMqEVl0V1t9H4Zxz9TB32VwO\n/NuB3DbmNo4cdmSxwymoQtd6cs65VufjNR9z5F1H8vOyn7f6RKKhPKFwzrU5ayvWMmbcGL468quc\ns9c5xQ6n2fOsJ+dcm1JVXcVJD5xEx9KO3HncnbRT27heLlRbT5mVdwJOAIYk5jczu6I+G3TOuWJZ\nV7mOkx88mU/Xf8pjxz/WZhKJhkpzlB4GxgAVwKrYNVpTHs451xRWrFvBkXcdSYlKeOwbj9GxtGOx\nQ2ox0jxwt52ZHV7wSJxzrkAWrVrEEf84gtEDR/OHI/9ASbuSYofUoqS5o3he0m4Fj8Q55wpg7rK5\njL5tNCeMOIEbjrrBE4l6yPfiohmxtwQYBswD1sdxZmZFSTy8MNs5l9arH77Kl+/+MmPLxrb52k2F\nKszOvCfb2PxdFJlxzjnXbP1n3n/4+gNf509f/hPHjzi+2OG0aGma8LjTzE6tbVxT8TsK51w+VdVV\nXPnslfzhxT9w74n3UjakrNghNQsFrR4LfDZrY6XAXvXZmHPOFdLCTxdyyoOnIIlXznmF7XtsX+yQ\nWoWchdmSLpW0EthV0spMR2j6+5Emi9A551J46I2H2Osve3HY0MN44tQnPJFoRGmynq7Mbuq7mDzr\nyTmXtKZiDT+a8CMmvD2Bu0+4m32337fYITVLBWk9VlKmvV1RQ+G1mb1anw02lCcUzrmMqR9O5ZSH\nTmGP/ntw01E30bNTz2KH1GwVKqEoJyQQnQllEtPjpN2Al81sv/pssKE8oXDOLV61mJ/952c8+taj\nXPOlazh196LUrWlRCtLMuJmVmdnBwAfAnma2l5ntBYyK45xzrkmtr1zPNc9dwy437UKPjj2Y/d3Z\nnkg0gTS1nnY2s8zDd5jZTEkjChiTc85txsx4+M2H+fHEHzOi7wie/+bzDN9qeLHDajPSJBTTJd0C\n/INQXvH/gNcKGpVzzkXPLXiOy8ovY9GqRdx09E0cNvSwYofU5qSp9dQZOBc4MI76L3Czma0rcGy5\n4vEyCudauarqKh5+82Guff5aFq9ezIX7X8i39vwWpe3SXNu6mvg7s51zrcLairXcPu12rpt8HX06\n9+HC/S/kuJ2P84b8GkFBnsyWdL+ZfVXSTLasHlu0RgGdc63PvOXzuH3a7fzplT+xz3b7cNuY2zhg\n0AFI9TqvuUaW7z7ugvj/y00RiHOubVm+djn3vX4fd06/kzeXvsnXRn6N8tPLGdHX68o0N2nKKL4F\nPG1mc5ompPw868m5lmtD1Qb+Peff3Dn9Tp545wkOH3o4p+x2CkfseAQdSjoUO7xWrdCNAg4C/ixp\nB+BlQmH2M2Y2rT4bdM61LQs/Xcj4OeP599x/89S8p9i9/+6cutup3DrmVnp16lXs8FwKqQuzY+2n\nc4AfA9uaWVFKl/yOwrnmbX3leiYvnMy/5/yb8XPH88HKDzh8x8M5cscjOXzo4fTt2rfYIbZJBa31\nJOl/gf2BbsA04BngWTMrytPZnlA417x8tPojnn/veZ5/73mee+85pi2axs5b78xRw47iqGFH8flt\nP++1lqKqKli7NnRr1mzZn29cmmkXXwzf/GbN2y50QjEVqAD+j5Dt9LyZrc+7UAF5QuFc8Sxds5Tp\ni6fz2uLXmLZoGs+/9zxLVi9h3+33Zf+B+zN64Gj23m5vunfsXuxQU6usTHcybowTekUFdO68qevS\npeb/9Z3Wrx/0zNEuYsGfo5DUAxhNeOjuq8BiMzugPhtsKE8onCu8ZWuXMWfpHOYsm8PMJTM3Jg6r\nNqxit367sds2u7F7/93Zb/v9GNl3ZKPeMZjB+vV1v/LO7k97Qq+uTncyruvJu6ZxHTtCsWr8FvqO\nYldCAnEQ8DlgIfBfM7usPhtsKE8onGu49ZXreX/l+7y34j0WrFjAvE/mMWfZnI2JQ0VVBcO2Gsaw\nPsMY2XcXRvTZjeE9dmfr0sGsW6fNTsa5Tsxp56lpmfbttzzZ5joZ13V89rj27Yt38m5KhU4oMllO\nzxCaF99Qnw2lDkg6ArgeKAFuMbOrsqZ7QhGVl5dTVlZW7DCahbZyLKqrN11tr1u3+f81a4xP1qzh\nv5MfodcOO/DRmsV8vHYxyzYsYnnFYlZULeKT6vf4VO+xTsvoXDmATusH0mHdQEpXD6F0xTC0bBi2\ndBgblm/DurWbEoTS0ppPxDV1tc2T62Se7Eoa6QalrXwv0iho9VgzO7o+K64PSSXADcAXgfeBlyQ9\nYmZvNFUMLYn/CDYp9LEwC/nL69en69at27J/3bot+5PdmnWVrKlYzZrKVaytWs3aqpWss09ZxwrW\nawUV7T6lqnQFJV1XUNLlE9RtKeq8DOu0lOqOy6jssBQh2j3Vge7770xX60c3+tG9XT96loxgYPsy\ntuk8kP6dB7FNl3507VKy8cTcqVP+k3tjnbibmv9GGke+JjxmJAaN0HLsxuECNeGxNzDXzObHGO4B\njgE8oWimzMJVbqarqtr0P1dXXR0KEKuqNv1P9ldWbtlVVYUTdWVlzf+ffRZ++cvNx1VUwIYKY/2G\najZUVLG+ooqKyirWb6hiQ2VVGFdZyYaKKjZUVrKhsoqKysowX1UFFdUVbKispKK6gsqqSko6VFDa\nsYL2HSso7bhhY1fSIXTtOqynXfv1tOuwHrVfh0rXQ+l6KF2HlazDStZS1W4N1V3WUtl1LZVaQwVr\n2WCrWW+rqLIKOpV0pUtpNzqXdqVr+27079iTXp160qtzT3p36UHvLj3p1akvvToNY6vOW9Gncx+2\n6hL/d96Kzu07M3bsWMaOHVvsr4ZrRfLdUXwl/v9O/H8nIbE4uYDxbAe8lxheCOyTPdM2369bqyK5\nc6pyZ2Hlz9zaNLW2XLBN07ec0bL6rIbZLDPC2GLu9S++zW+XPJ89Z+hPbDe5XktuC8v8Zc23aS7L\nHt64jG1cPwqdIPzPDCt7OM6LoXbxf2Zcu2qUWBeqjtOq4zaqN443quNwdYyjmorKNfy38lpM1ViH\nKqxDmM+oDlfZlNBOJZv+q4QSlVCiUkrblVLSrmTj/y4qoX1JezqUtqd9SSkdStvTsaQ9pSWltG/X\nng4lHXJ2HUs60qm0Ex1Luyf6w//OpZ3p0r4Lndt3pnNp543/u3XoRrcO3ehU2snbNnLNUpoyimlm\ntkfWuKlmNqrRg5FOAI4ws7Pj8CnAPmb2vcQ8XkDhnHP1UMgmPCTpADN7Ng6MZvNsqMb0PjAwMTyQ\ncFexUX131DnnXP2kSSjOAv4mKfMYxyfAmQWK52VgmKQhhPdynwR8o0Dbcs45l0Jd2nrqCWBmKwoa\nkHQkm6rH3mpmvynk9pxzzuWXpoyiE3ACMIRNdyBmZlcUNjTnnHPNQbsU8zwMjCG097QqdqsLGVQ2\nSddIekPSa5IeTGSDIekSSXMkzZbU6t+6Lumrkl6XVCVpz6xpbepYQHhAM+7vHEkXFTuepiTpNkmL\nk1XZJfWRNEnSW5ImSmoT7XhLGijpqfjbmCnp/Di+zR0PSZ0kTZE0TdIsSb+J4+t/LMwsbwfMrG2e\nQnfAl4B2sf9K4MrYP5LQom17wh3P3Mx8rbUDdgaGA08BeybGt8VjURL3c0jc72nAiGLH1YT7fyAw\nCpiRGHc18JPYf1Hmt9LaO6A/sEfs7wa8CYxow8ejS/xfCkwGDmjIsUhzR/G8pKK+H9vMJplZdRyc\nAmwf+48BxplZhYWH9OYSHtprtcxstpm9VcOkNncsSDygaWYVQOYBzTbBzJ4BlmeNHgPcEfvvAI5t\n0qCKxMwWWXyZmpmtIjykux1t93isib0dCBdUy2nAsUiTUBwIvBJvV2bEbnodYm5sZwH/jv3bsnn1\n2YWEL0db1BaPRU0PaLb2fa5NPzNbHPsXA/2KGUwxxFqTowgXlW3yeEhqJ2kaYZ+fMrPXacCxSFM9\n9si6h1l3kiYRbh+zXWpmj8Z5fgpsMLO786yqxT+Ql+ZYpNTij0UtWvv+NYiZWVt7QFVSN+CfwAVm\ntjL5pHtbOh4xB2aPWJ47QdLBWdPrdCzSNAo4H0DSNkCnuoWbnpl9Kd90SWcARwGHJkZnP6C3fRzX\notV2LHJolceiFrU+oNkGLZbU38wWSRoALCl2QE1FUntCInGnmf0rjm6zxwPC4wyxBfC9aMCxqDXr\nSdIYSXOAecDTwHxgfP3Crp/Y9PiFwDFmti4x6RHg65I6SNoBGAa82JSxFVnyKfW2eCw2PqApqQPh\nAc1HihxTsT0CnB77Twf+lWfeVkPh1uFWYJaZXZ+Y1OaOh6StMzWaJHUmVAaaSkOORYrS8+nA1sDU\nOHwwcFsTl+DPAd6NOzsVuCkx7VJCwe1s4PBi1zZogmNxHCFffi2wCBjfVo9F3OcjCTVc5gKXFDue\nJt73cYQWDDbE78SZQB/gCeAtYCLQq9hxNtGxOACoJtR8y5wnjmiLxwPYFXg1HovpwIVxfL2PRZoH\n7l4xs70kvUaojlklaboVpplx55xzzUyawuzlkroT3nB3l6QlhIfunHPOtQFp7ii6EbI52hHeRdED\nuMvMlhY+POecc8WWulFAAEl9gaW26eE355xzrVzOWk+S9pNUHttW2lPSTGAGsCi28Oqcc64NyHlH\nIekV4BKgJ/BXwpvnJkvaGbjHst5655xzrnXK9xxFiZlNNLP7gQ/NbDKEtobwJ2Kdc67NyJdQJBOD\ndTnnck1KUqPXOJM0WFKd3iQo6f8k9WjkOIYkm8zOmnZ6fJq0oCT9XNKhtc/ZKNvqKencxPC2ku6v\nw/JDJK2VNDU2r32zEm1WSPq3pO1iFvJLifGfk/RULesuk7Qirvu12Dx13zru3+2STqjLMnG5jcdB\n0hmS/ljH5edL6lPX7brc8iUUu0laKWklsGumPzPcRPG5LRXibm4H4P/VKQizo83s0wLEkssZhIYP\nC8rMLjezJxtrfZLyVUHvDXwnse0PzOyrddzEXDMbBexGaGr+2LjdzsBWZpZpxqVvbOGgLp42s1Fm\ntjvwEnBeHZc36vF9zToO9fm+e45HI8uZUJhZiZl1j11por+7maV5/sIVULziK5d0v8JLnf6RmDZf\n0lWSpscXmAyN4ze7wouJPoR3fBwYrx4vyNrOAEn/jdNmSBqd2Eaf2P+/Ci8PekbS3ZJ+FMeXS7oy\nxvCmpAPi+CFxna/Ebr9a9vVE4HOE53heVXgxy6Gxf7qkW2MTHtnLDYnH5i8KL7OZoPDGRiTtIWmy\nNr0MK9PkwcZjFGN/Pc5zTRzXV9IDkl6M3f41bPcMSY9IehKYJKmrpCfivk6XNCZx3IfGY3tVvLOb\nGdfRSdLf4vyvSirLd4zMrAp4HtgxjiojvLMEwonzWuCnNcSabzuK84hQLX5ZvhjivDfE78IkYJvE\nOvaK34eXJT0uqX8cv2M8NtPi8dlBm99ZCsi8lOgtSZcltnVK/G5NlfQnSe2yYumqcOc7LX53v1Zb\n/C6HYj9u7l2dH89fGf+XAZ8QrrJFOEnsH6fNIzZnAZwKPBr7/wacUMO6vpCZp4bt/ZDQai2EC4tu\niW30AT5PaC6hA+GFMW8BP4zzPAVcE/uPBCbF/s5Ax9g/DHgp9g8h8RKerDg2vqiJ0DjlAmDHOHwH\nobXQ7GWGEN7MuFscvhc4OfZPBw6M/T8Hfpc4RscDWwGzE+vqEf/fDYyO/YMIbQtlb/cMQpMaveJw\nCdA99m8NzIn9g9n8pUMb9x/4EXBL7N+J0IRNhxr2LzN/F0LbXofH4T8AZYljtxfwJOF78zlC09O5\nttORTd+vqfFYz8rsQ57v5vGEpiEEDCC8A+F4wkulnifc4UBok+vW2D+F0IYbhO9Q56z9OoPQTEnv\n+LnPiPsygtB2UUmc7ybg1Kzv5gnAX7I/Q+/q3qV5H4Vrvl60cJtuhHZdhiSmjYv/7wHyXrGzeeOC\n2V4CzpR0ObCrhZfCJJcbDfzLzDbEadnNoD8Y/7+aiK8DcIvCe03uI2SZpJGJcydgnpnNjcN3AAfl\nWGaemWXen/IKMEShbKWnhRf/5Fr+E2BdvFs5jvDQKcAXgRskTSW8Jri7pC5Zyxow0cw+icPtgN8o\nNIMzCdhWoTXmfMd9NPAPADN7k3AC36mG+YbGWJ4FHjOzCXH8/nFc0i+Bn7F51kxN2xkepz1jIetp\nEHA74Q1p+RwI3G3Bh8B/4vidgF2AJ2KsPwW2U3iYd1szezhuf4OZra1hvRPNbLmFBkEfJLTrdCgh\nwXg5rvMQQhZq0nTgS/HO8ABr2qzSVsWzkFq29Yn+KnJ/npkTQyUxuzHepm+RXbPFgmbPSDoQ+DJw\nu6TrzOzOrHUnT3jZJ79MjMn4fkCoSXeqpBJqqCwh6W/AHsD7ZvblrP3YYva4zPbAY3G+m4EJbHmM\namoqPztmWWjTbG/CCelE4LuxX8A+ZrYhRywZaxL9JxPuJDJtpc3LEUdtcdW0/29bKKPYtJD0GeA9\nM6tMLmtmT0n6JbBvPbbzKPBAPWLOeN3MNsumU2gaqK7EpvjuMLNLc81oZnMkjQKOBn4p6Ukz+0U9\nttnm+R1F63VS4v/zsX8+4SoMwmsR28f+lUCNP1pJg4CPzOwWQjPOyZOSAc8BX5HUMV4hHp0ith6E\nlm8BTiNkzWzGzM6MV7OZRGJlXA5Ca7FDFMteCNlr5Wa20Mz2iMv9hZpPWopXlsszZSaZ5bP2uysh\n62g8Iftt9zhpInB+Yr6anifK3m4PYElMJA4mZDll9inXyfIZQgKDpOGEbK43c8yb7Uhyvwrgl4T3\nJWdOtmm3cwChhV4k7S3pjhrm+S9wksLb1QYQWpomrq+vpH3j8u0ljTSzlcBCScfE8R0VCuGzfUlS\n7zjtGMKd0pPAiYo1sST1id/VjWIM68zsLkIZzZ45jomrhd9RtDyWoz9b75jVsQ7IVH39K/CwwisS\nH2dT446vAVVx/N/M7PeJ9ZQBF0qqIJzYTtssGLOXJT1CuM1fTMhDXlFL7DcB/5R0WlYc+fbpduBP\nktYQslXOBO5XqFX0IvCnWraZPXx6XF8X4O24vuQ83QnHqhPhxP+DOO184MZ4bEsJ72j5DpvLru1z\nF/BozGp7mfA+Z8xsqaTnYsHtvwnHJXmMbo7LVAKnW3gveG37B3A44Q5oy5nNxis07JlR43YU3n52\nYMzWESEr7ltxmUFsfseUWfdDkg4hlGcsIF6gxPWdCPxB4Y1rpcDv4nynAn+WdAWhPOnErP0ywuf7\nT8LLuO40s1cBJP0MmBjvjisIn8OCxLK7AtdIqiY0xb6xKrKrmzq19eRahpi1sZeZ1VpLpZG219XM\nVseT7tPA2RZfdO+alqSOhLKFvQu4jauBv5vZzEJtwzUvnlC0QpLeAT7XhAnFXYQC6U7A7WZ2VVNs\n1znXNDyhcM45l5cXZjvnnMvLEwrnnHN5eULhnHMuL08onHPO5eUJhXPOubz+P9y8C4LE06GBAAAA\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6de42cc750>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f91e4fbe6d0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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7qSMys0bytGlsklUpfQ4QEZ+04fg9gOkF8zOyZXkF8JikcdlIglat/vGP1Mng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\nDTMzy81Jw8zMcnPSMDOz3Jw0zMwst/8P5Ab/UKf2ZwAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fe0db41f650>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f4d48061750>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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RiHixyO1vCLwZEVMAJF0P7ARMblHuV8DNuCtws/L33HNw6KHwt7/B0kvnHY2V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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f35a637abd0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f2ef2379c10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter6.ipynb b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter6.ipynb
index 976b94b3..42bdaa3f 100755..100644
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter6.ipynb
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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6dC3s3QtriBVpnihrOY0bw7Rp8NRTMGYMtG0L8+bBTTeVNWeNRqPRFIbZLiyb4u8PX38N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\nLJaQ+D+L1IOnq28nhgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f2eb08bd5d0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f06f46b5e10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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HA6OrPPZwpf9/Axyd77hMYVm1Cp56Cl5/3XcktWvZ0i2l+sIL4RbYjUnHpuUwBW/0aLfI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\nXII4JV2CMMk2dSo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       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fc324486a10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fd838395dd0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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b5m3MQVdLwkcE87OzNAyskbA0SLKzYcUKyGwzjyk9p5iDR47AqVN2fITF4oY1\nEvWAYPZrB0q3RYtg2DBYcrBMPGLUKJ8uVRrMz87SMLBGwtIgmTMHxlxxmAOZB7g41pnpddkyn7qa\nGjJlV3izy5fWX6yRqAcEs187ELoVF8OXX0J43wVM6DGBxiHOTK8+jkdA/Xx2dvnSwCxfevToUaZN\nm0ZsbCwhISGkpqYGRI6yWCNhaXB88w20bAkbTs9ncg/H1ZSebsZIDB4cWOHqACLC3LlzycrKYtOm\nTWzevPmcRXZWr17NpEmTuOaaazhy5Ah79+5l4MCBjBw5kr1799Yo76NHj5KXl1eyQh2YWVf79u3r\nlbzuiwUFgsLCwmrfGxISwtSpU/n00099KFHNsUaiHhDMfu1A6LZgAUycXMiiHxaVxiNWroThw8HD\nymfVpb4/O7t8ae0tX9q2bVvuuusuhg4dWu00/IE1EpYGx/z50PXSr+nSogsdIp0V1lxBawtgly8N\nxPKldRbXQhz1eTNqBC9LliwJtAh+o7Z1y8hQjYhQ/e3CmfrgwgdLT4werbpwoc/z86Rfpe+smRyk\n5ls16Nq1q0ZERGhkZKSKiF599dVaVFSkqqoHDhxQEdEdO3acd9+8efM0NDS0RO9OnTqVnIuLi9Ok\npCRVVe3Ro4fOmzev5NyCBQs0Li5OVVX37t2rIlKSX9l7K5I3Ojpao6Oj9Zprrjnvmm+++UZbtmyp\nqqqHDx/WkJAQzcjIOO+6snJXJu+SJUs0LCxMz54961G+qlJQUKAiovv37/dZmp7eN+d4heWrbUlY\nGg7HjpG8qIgRI2DZwSTGdXNmei0ogA0bTJ/YuoKvzEQ1cC0Hevr0aVJSUkhOTmb9+vUA5yxfWpZA\nL1+anp5Oeno6s2bNIjc3lxkzZhAXF0eLFi0YM2YMmZmZdXr50rqKNRL1gPru166IWtWtfXsKXnyF\nsZNy2HhkI6O6OO6lzZshLg58vIA81P9nZ5cvrb3lS+sq1khYGhSHvs+g1eAVDOkwhOZhzrKQq1eD\n26LylnOxy5fWzvKlAHl5eeTl5Z33fyCxRqIeUB/72ntLbeuWp+HsLkomsVti6cE1a0zPJj8QDM/O\nLl9aO8uXAjRr1oyoqChEhD59+pS7vnVtE9DlS0VkMvAXoBHwT1X9UznXJAAvAqHASVVNKOcaDaQe\n/iYlJaXeuy08Uau6ifDhJS/w3E/f48VJL3JZV2e21549YfZsqKAvfnXxpJ9dvtRSm9Rk+dKAGQkR\naQTsAMZB0j30AAAgAElEQVQDh4B1wE2qus3tmmhgJTBJVQ+KSGtVPVlOWkFtJCw+QoQ1d/yZifF/\n5ORDJwlrFAbHj0OvXpCW5tM5myoXxRoJS+1RX9e4HgbsVtV9qloAfABcVeaanwCfqupBgPIMhMXi\nDWfOmL8au49LO19qDATA2rVwySW1aiAslvpEIL+MWOCA2/5B55g78UCMiCwRkfUi4tvoVj0hGPza\nnqgt3ZYvN393ntl1bjzCz0HrYH52loZB4wDm7U1bOxQYAowDmgGrRWSNqu4qe+H06dOJi4sDzJD+\nQYMGlfiCXR9qfd3/9ttv65Q89XH/n/+EicCm9K30PnJdaaxg7VpSJk4Et9hBbclnsdQ2KSkpvPnm\nmwAl5WVlBDImMRyYqaqTnf1HgWL34LWIPAw0VdWZzv4/gfmq+kmZtGxMwlIhF/ZTtmwN4ZZbm/PW\nm5k0CmlkBpvFxMCOHdC2ba3KY2MSltqkvsYk1gPxIhInImHAjUDZyeK/AEaJSCMRaQZcAmytZTkt\n9ZwjR+DkobMAXNimnzEQAHv3QkRErRsIi6U+ETAjoaqFwD3AAkzB/6GqbhORGSIyw7lmOzAf+A5Y\nC/xDVRuckQhm90Rt6JacDONHmsj1gLb9S09s2AAXXeTXvCvSz7XGgt3s5u+tJgQyJoGqzgPmlTn2\nRpn9/wf8v9qUyxJcJCVB4qV58BX0b3Nh6YmNG2HIkIDI5BNXU04OtGkDGRngmjtIhD3jL2bIuq/Z\nudP/jaRgHsMDwa+fN9h+f/WAYH5J/a2bqjES8f12AtApwm2OoFpoSfhVv+bNoUcP+O67cw5nZB4h\nIQEWL/Zf1i6C+d2E4NfPG6yRsAQ1e/aYSV6PFpq5eUoa3qoBbUn4jMGDYdOmcw5lnj7BuHFaK0bC\nEvxYI1EPsDGJ6pOUBOPGwca9zkybxcXmb2qqcdF06ODX/P3+7AYMOK8lEV4IPYbtJCmp2rOFe00w\nv5sQ/Pp5gzUSlqAmKQkSE5XN+782B1ylZjC0IqBcI9G2cRT7QpIpKDAtKYulJlgjUQ8IZr+oP3Ur\nLjY9mzoP2UoLDTcHXUZiyxZTwPoZvz+7/v3NehhuTYaWIc1J3pvEuHHGSPqTYH43Ifj18wZrJCxB\ny+bNEB0NW/OSuKSVYxBc7qbt26FPn8AJ5yvatwcRMxjEIUrDWLJvCWMTi/1uJCzBjzUS9YBg9ov6\nUzdXPCJ5bzLDwrqbg64ady0ZCb8/OxHTItq8ueRQaMZp2jRrQ8fB35GcXGoX/UEwv5sQ/Pp5gzUS\nlqAlKQkSEgtZun8p/WhjDhYXm23HDujdO7AC+op+/eD770v3T5wgsVsi3+cm0bLlOfbDYqky1kjU\nA4LZL+ov3QoKYMUKaNXvG2IjY4nMyDUnVOHgQYiK8sua1mWplWfXqxfscua8jIyEoiISuyaQvC/Z\n73GJYH43Ifj18wZrJCxBybp10L07bEhPMlODHz9uXDOqxtV0wQWBFtF3xMeXGolGjUCExKhBrEhd\nweixBTYuYakR1kjUA4LZL+ov3dzjEeO6jTNGol0742qqxaB1rTy7+HjYaUaUU1wM7doRk11I95bd\naXHBOlasMC0rfxDM7yYEv37eYI2EJShJSoLRY8+y+uBqxsSNMUaifXvTktizxzQzgoUuXeDoUWMJ\nVI2ex46RGJfIhrQkuneHr78OtJCW+oo1EvWAYPaL+kO33FxYvx7Cuq/hgtYXEN0k2sQhYmNNTfvg\nQejc2ef5lketPLvGjc1MfkeOGP06d4bUVMZ1H+f3uEQwv5sQ/Pp5gzUSlqBjxQoYNAhWH0028Yjs\nbLN16FAauO7UKdBi+pZOnYxeqiWB7Mu6XMa6Q+sYNfYMycmBFtBSX7FGoh4QzH5Rf+jmikck7U0y\n8Yi9e6FbNxPUdRmJWmpJ1Nqz69y51Ej07g27dhEZHsmAdgNoHLeK9etNC8vXBPO7CcGvnzdYI2EJ\nOpKSYMSYbL49+i0ju4w0MYhu3UzvpoKC0vhEMOFqSRQXlxgJgHHdxrH6aDKDB5sWlsVSVayRqAcE\ns1/U17qlpZmOPvkdlnNRx4toFtoMdu826y6IwMmTZnxEaKhP8/VErT27du3g2DHTknB1iVUlsVsi\nSXuTSEz0T1wimN9NCH79vMEaCUtQsXQpXHopLD/gdH0F2LbNjIsICYH0dDOhU7DRogVkZhoj0aoV\nhIfDsWOM6DyCLce3cMmYTDtewlItrJGoBwSzX9TXurnHIxK7JZqDW7dC376mJZGRUSsjrV3U2rNz\nGYniYqOnE7xu0rgJl3S6hLPtlrNzp2lp+ZJgfjch+PXzBmskLEFFUhJcdNkpdqftZljsMFOzLtuS\nqEUjUWu4tyRCQs4ZYDeu2ziWH0zm0kvBlnmWquK1kRCR+0WktT+FsZRPMPtFfanboUMmJp0WuZSR\nXUYS1igM9u+HZs2gTRtTw65lI1Frz65FC9NKcrUk+vcvWYzIFZfwx3iJYH43Ifj18wavjISIDACe\nBe7wrzgWS/VJToaEBFiyL6k0HrFhQ+kKdC53UzDGJKKjTUsCjJ6DB8M33wAwtONQ9mXsY8ioEzYu\nYaky3rYkfgY8DNzmR1ksHghmv6gvdSuZr2lfcmk8YuNGuOgi838A3E21GpPIyDD/u4zEpk1QXEzj\nkMZc1uUyTkamcOKEaXH5imB+NyH49fOGSo2EiDQBpgKvAz+IyEhfZS4ik0Vku4jsEpGHK7juYhEp\nFJFrfZW3JbhQNUbiwhGHOJ5znIHtBpoT5bUkgjUmkZFhdASIiTGtC2eR63HdxpGyL5mxY7Gjry1V\nwpuWxLXAfFU9C/wb06qoMSLSCHgFmAz0BW4SkfPmb3au+xMwHxBf5F3fCGa/qK90c4YFsD9kCQlx\nCTQKcUZXl21J5OYGZ0wiIsLo5rbWtbvLyV/jJYL53YTg188bvDESd2KMA8BXwGgRifBB3sOA3aq6\nT1ULgA+Aq8q57l7gE+CED/K0BCmlrqYkEuMcV9PBg6Zm3bGj2XfVsiMjAyOkPwkJgSZNzj02ZIgx\nkkD/dv1JO5NG3+EHSEo615ZYLBVRoZEQkZbAYVXdCKCqhcDfgEt8kHcscMBt/6BzzD3/WIzheM05\n1CBf7WD2i/pKt+RkSExUs35Ed7eg9UUXlRoH199aGm0NtfzsGjU6d3/YMFi7FoAQCWFst7HsD1mC\naukaRTUlmN9NCH79vKFxRSdVNR24tcyxF3yUtzcF/l+AR1RVRUSowN00ffp04uLiAIiOjmbQoEEl\nTUXXg66v+99++22dkqeu7Scnp7BwIdz3ZCcK5hVwZPMRjspREjZuhCFDSq8PMXWilB07ICWlzsjv\ns33HCJbsX3IJrF9PSlISNGrEuG7jWLIvmX79uvDaa/Dii3VMfrvv9/2UlBTefPNNgJLyslJU1esN\n+HtVrq8kreGYWIdr/1Hg4TLX7AH2OlsWcAyYVk5aamm4bNyo2quX6uvrXtdbZ91aemLyZNXPPivd\nf+wxVVB9993aF7I2iIgw+rnTp4/qpk2qqrrj5A7t9EInffPNYr3uugDIZ6lzOGVnhWV1VUdcX1zF\n6ytiPRAvInEiEgbcCMx2v0BVu6tqN1XtholL3K2qs8tJy9KAccUjFu9dXDo+orgY1qyBESNKL3Ra\nEiV/gw0pp6E9fLj5HYD4mHhUle4X72bJEvMTWSyVUdWv5bivMlYT37gHWABsBT5U1W0iMkNEZvgq\nn2DA1VwMRnyhW1ISjE0sZsneJaXxiK1boXVrMzuqC1chWotGolafXSVGQkQY130cW3OTadMGHC9m\njQjmdxOCXz9vqOrXMt2XmavqPFXtrao9VfUZ59gbqvpGOdfeoaqzfJm/pf6Tnw8rV0Kb/pto1awV\nnaKcFedWrTLTwbrjKkTLBniDhUqMBEBiXGLJkqZ2vITFG6pqJL70ixSWCnEFoIKRmuq2dq2Zy279\nqSTGdxtfeqI8IxEAd1OtPrvyjES/fqYrsDMae2y3sSTvTWZsYrFPxksE87sJwa+fN1T1a2mQg9ks\ndZdzlip1uZqg4pZEsMYkyqNxYxg61PweQJcWXYhuEk27/ltYudK0xCyWiqjq1/IPv0hhqZBg9ovW\nVLekJBg9Np+VqStJiEswB0+cMKu09e177sUBaEkEPCYBMHo0LF9esjuu2zg2pCXTq1fJMIpqE8zv\nJgS/ft5Q1a+lyC9SWCzVIDvbzDoR2m0NvVr1IqZpjDmxapXxxZeNPTTElgQYI7FsWcluYrdEkvcm\n+21JU0twUdWv5S6/SGGpkGD2i9ZEt2XLHE/KkSTGd3eLRyxdCmPGnH9DAIxErT47T3oNH25mhM3N\nNTLFJbBs/zISEgtrbCSC+d2E4NfPG2xMwlJvSUqC8eOdeEQ3t3hESkr5RsJViDak3k1gFl0aMKCk\nl1Pb5m3p0qILzXpu4JtvTIvMYvFEVY3EFX6RwlIhwewXrYluSUkwfEwWm45tYmQXZwb7jAwzMdHF\n5Yz7DPZxEhUxZsw5Lqdx3cax+kgyF110TriiytQZ/fxEsOvnDVX9Wl73ixQWSxU5fhz27oXc1ssY\n2nEozUKbmRPLlxv3SljY+TcFe0zCU0sCyo9L2PESFi+o6tcSW/klFl8TzH7R6uq2ZImpHKeklhkf\n4SkeAQ1znISLSy+FdetK+ryO7jqaNQfXcNnYszWKSwTzuwnBr583VPVr+cYvUlgsVcTj+IiUFLPQ\ndXk05JZEixbQqxesX292m7Sgb5u+FHVYzQ8/wKlTtSSjpd5R1a/lb36RwlIhwewXra5uixfDoJHH\n2Z+xn6Edh5qDmZmwY0f58QgISOC6ToyTcDF6tGmCOYzvNp7k/QsZNeqcw1UimN9NCH79vMEOprPU\nO/buNb05jzRZwuiuo2kc4iyLsmKFWWgnPLz8G4O9JVEZ48efMzBiUs9JLPxhoWmR2fESFg/YLrD1\ngGD2i1ZHN5eradEPC5nQfULpiYpcTRD84yS8aUl8/XXJeIkRnUawO203g0edqLaRCOZ3E4JfP2+o\n6tfypF+ksFiqwOLFZqnSBT8sYFLPSaUnFi0ytWVPNMT1JNyJjITBg02LCwhtFEpCXAKHwheRng4H\nDlR8u6VhUtWvZbBfpLBUSDD7RauqW3Gx6bLZZej3hDYKJT4m3pw4dgz27/ccj4CGPU7Cxfjxxso6\nTOoxiUV7FzB2bPVcTnVOPx8T7Pp5Q1W/lml+kcJi8ZItW0xHne9yFjCpxyTEVfAvXgxjx5pZTz3R\n0FsScJ6RmNhjIgt/WEhiotrxEpZysTGJekAw+0WrqtvixaacW/CDMRIlLFwIEydWfHMAFh2qUzEJ\nMIH9H36AkycB6BHTg+ahzel00WaSksAsGe89wfxuQvDr5w1VNRJD/CKFxeIlSUkwamwuqw+uJrFb\nojmoauIREyZUfHOw927yxkiEhpoAtluzYVKPSWzNX0DjxqYHscXiTlW/lvV+kcJSIcHsF62KbgUF\nJuYa2nMZg9sPpkWTFubE999D06bQo0fFCTTU9STKMn68MaoOpivsgmp1hQ3mdxOCXz9vsO4mS71h\n7Vro2RNWHy/H1VRZKwKCvyXhLZMmwfz5Jb6lhLgE1h5ay8ixOXa8hOU8qvq1fOUXKSwVEsx+0aro\n5urhel7XV2+NREOeu8md3r3NBIibNwMQFR7FkA5DaNJ7GSkpUFjofZbB/G5C8OvnDV5/LSLSBPij\nH2WxWCpkwQIYNCaVE7knGNLBCY/l5JiV6CoaH+EiAIHrWsVbIyECU6fCl1+WHJrUYxLr0hbQpYsZ\nb2exuPBoJEQkRESuFZGPReQQsBfYJyKHROQTEblGxNu30lITgtkv6q1uaWmwdSukt1rAhO4TCBHn\n1V282PTYadGi8kSCfZxEVT7Hyy+Hr0odA5N6TDIttEnGGHtLML+bEPz6eUNFX0sKcBHw/4DuqtpB\nVdsD3Z1jFwNLa5K5iEwWke0isktEHi7n/M0isklEvhORlSIyoCb5Weovixc7nXL2l4lHzJ0LV3i5\nFpYdJ1HKmDFmSdO0NAAGdxjMydyTDBqTWiUjYQl+RD10jBaRcFU9W+HNXlxTwb2NgB3AeOAQsA64\nSVW3uV0zAtiqqpkiMhmYqarDy0lLPelhCQ7uvBMuHFDAH/Lasu2X22gf0d4Mv+7UySym07Nn5Ym8\n/TbcfrsZmd2li/+Frm169IA9e7wf7HDllXDzzfDjHwNwy6xbGN5xFI9NvIt9+yAmxn+iWuoGIoKq\nVli78FilchX+IvJOOQm/435NNRkG7FbVfapaAHwAXFVGhtWqmunsrgU61SA/Sz1F1cSmYwavID4m\n3hgIgI0bISrKOwMBtiVRlqlTz3E5XdnrSubvmctll50zKNvSwPHma7nQfUdEGmPcUDUlFnCfUuwg\nFa98dycNtHdVMPtFvdFt2zYTa950Zi5X9HJzLc2da2rD3mJjEudy+eUwb15Jd6ZJPSexbP8yxk7M\n9drlFMzvJgS/ft7gcaIbEXkMeBRoKiJZbqcKgL/7IG+v/UMiMhb4KTDS0zXTp08nLi4OgOjoaAYN\nGlTSfc31oOvr/rffflun5Knt/b/9LYX+/eHLXXP573X/LT0/dy48/7z36TmFaMqaNRATU2f089m+\nS7+q3N+lCykvvwyDB5OQkMDQjkM5dOovzJ59KaoJiNQh/ex+jfdTUlJ48803AUrKy8rwGJMouUDk\nWVV9xKvUqoCIDMfEGCY7+48Cxar6pzLXDQBmAZNVdbeHtGxMIoiZPBmuuH0nzxwZy8EHDppJ/Q4c\nMNNeHzlipprwhg8+gJtuguPHoU0b/wodCHr3hp07qzYB0//9n/kNX34ZgBdWv8C2k9tZdO/f+fJL\n6NfPT7Ja6gQ1ikmISHeAigyEiFQyD0KFrAfiRSRORMKAG4HZZdLvgjEQt3gyEJbg5swZMwzidPsv\nuTz+8tJZXz/5BK66ynsDAXbEdXlcey3MmmU6AWDiEl/unMvESWp7OVmAimMSz4jIXBH5HxEZIiId\nRCRWRC4SkRki8iXwdHUzVtVC4B5gAbAV+FBVtzlpz3Au+z3QEnhNRL4RkQY5zMfVXAxGKtNt+XIY\nMACSDszl8vjLS098/DFcf33VMrMxifPp0weio0tG0MW3iicyPJL40Ru9MhLB/G5C8OvnDR5jEqp6\no4j0BH6MMQZdnVP7gRXAvaq6pyaZq+o8YF6ZY2+4/f8z4Gc1ycNSv1mwAEZPyOTlQ18zrvs4c/DA\nATNd6bhxVUvMZRyCtSVR3bGt110Hn34Kw03v8it7XUla8VxWrbqIM2fM3ImWhkuFX4vj4nkeWAzs\nBLYDi4AXamogLN7jCkAFI5XptmABRA5axKguo4gIizAHZ82CadPM/ENVwa4nUT7XXmuMhBPLuKLX\nFSxKncOAAaYlVxHB/G5C8OvnDd5Uqd4G+gJ/BV5x/n/bn0JZLACHDpmY6tai2VwR79b19eOP4YYb\nqp6gbUmUz8CB5jfZsAGAkZ1Hsid9DyMmHrZxCYtXRqKfqt6pqktUNdlxAdk+D7VIMPtFK9Jt/nxI\nnJDPl7vmcnWfq83BQ4fMwAlvJvQrS7DHJKqLiBl5/e67AIQ2CmVSz0mEXfil+1i7cqkX+tWAYNfP\nG7z5WjY602MAJV1XN/hPJIvFMHcudE9MoXfr3sRGOeMs338frr666q4mCP7eTTWZb/OWW0wXYWdg\n3bRe0/g273PS0sxqp5aGizfjJLYDvTCjoxXogplzqRBQVQ34pHt2nETwkZcH7drBNf+6i34devDg\nyAeNz/zCC+H11+Gyy6qe6Jw5JpZRUACNPfbZqL/07w9btlR9oWoXw4fDE0/AlCmcPnuaTi90Ytru\nAwwb2IL77vOtqJa6QY3GSbgxGTPz6xggwfl/CnAlMK2GMlos5bJ0KVzYv4j5+z7n2guuNQc3bDDW\nY9So6iVqWxIVc+ut8I6Zqi0qPIqEuARaXzqXuXN9IJul3lJpdUpV99WCHHWeQ4dgzRpYvx5SU80M\nyyJmGYO4OBgyxFRu27f3fd4pKSlB28vCk25z50L/qavJiWhPjxhnzOabb8L06dUvDAMUk6i1Z1dT\nI3HjjfDYY5CVBZGRXN/3ej7e/AmrV9/sOnQewfxugu/1Kyw05ci6dSa0dvQo5OdDeDjExkKvXqYc\nGTSo7qyNFaRVKt9w8iQ8/7xZ02bgQFNGNW0KU6bAvffCL39p5khr1sxUwPr2NQ/4X/8yFV5L9VA1\nRiK366zSVsTZs8ZnfuutNUvY4pnWrSEhwfQew4yXWHogiYtHZrNoUWBFq+98+y38z/8YF+p995k4\nz5AhcMcd8KtfmbpP375m+M9tt5lZY37+c1i5sg68tqpa7zejhu9ITVW95x7Vli1Vp09XXbhQtaCg\n8vvOnlWdPVt1yhTVDh1UX31VtbDQp6I1CLZsUe3StVi7vthVNx/bbA5+/LHq2LE1S3j2bFUfvyt1\nioEDa67f3LmqQ4eW7E5+d7JOf+5D/elPayhbA2XLFtUrrlDt1En16adN2eINBw6oPvOMaq9e5nHM\nnq1aXOx7+Zyys8Ly1bYk3MjJgd//3jT1mjeH77+H//wHJkzwLs4ZFmZmrv7qK7N9+CFcdJFpXlq8\nZ+5cuOTqjYQ1CqNfG6e39euvm5WHLJ7xxWrCkyebJvS6dQBcf8H1HGv1CV9+WTK9k8ULcnPh/vth\n7FhITITdu40nr3Nn7+7v1AkeecS4pB55BB5/HEaONEuo1DbWSDgsWWJmvNy92zQNn30WOnSofnqD\nBpk0H3nEzEP39NNQVFS9tIK5r3Z5us2dC9r3I67ve72Z0G/bNtNrpzoD6NwJQLu9zs/dVJZGjeCu\nu+DVVwG4qs9VrDy2gOg2ua6xducQzO8mVE+/DRtM5fD4cdi+HR54wMQcqkNIiJk15Ztv4Kc/Na7u\nX/3KGKHaosEbidxc86Pfeiu89prphu+tta8MEbMy5IYNsGiRqaRlZPgm7WDl1CnY9F0xa7L/y00X\n3mQOvvqqcehWZ2yEOwF37voZXxgJMKXRZ5/BqVO0btaaizteTJ8r5tteTl7w3numIP/9701Z4qsl\nYENC4Gc/M/WlEyeMEaq1VkVl/qj6sFFNP+zu3ar9+6v++Meqp05VKwmvKSxUve8+1b59Vfft829e\n9Zl331UdedNyvfDVC82BzEwTHDp4sOaJf/ZZcMckhgzxnX633KL63HOqqvqPDf/Q0a9cp0OG+Cbp\nYKS4WPWxx1S7dTNxCH/z3nuqbdqoPv98zWIV2JiEZ+bNg0svhRkzfGvxPdGoEfz1r6ZCfOmlsHWr\nf/Orr8yZA40Hv1/ainjjDdMEi61oZVsvsS0J7/nVr8wLm5/P9X2v59usRew5nMHBg77LIlgoLoa7\n74bkZDPjem0s1PSTn5i83n3XDJb3p/upwRkJVbMY189+Zia+/OUvffttVcavfgV/+pOZeuj77727\nJ5j9vu665eXBvIUFbCn+2BiJvDx48UUT2Kmn1LuYhIuhQ+GCC+Ddd4luEs347uO54LpP+fzzcy8L\n5ncTKtevqMh0Y92+HRYuNL2Ia4u4ONNFNiTEBLVTU/2TT4MyEsXFpo/yxx+bzhvVHbhbU265BZ57\nzvSa2r49MDLURRYvhi4Ji+jVOp5uLbuZgSkXXWRWHfIFwd6S8DWPPmpqNEVF3NL/FrK7vcesWYEW\nqu6galoQhw6Z3ozlDTb0N02bwttvm/kZR46ETZv8kEll/qj6sOGFH7agwLhZR41STU/32mXnV/7z\nH9W4ONXDhwMtSd3gjjtUL3r6J/rSmpdU8/LMj7Nype8y+OST4I5JXHyxb/UrLlYdPlz1/fc1ryBP\nY56N0YiOqXrihO+yqM/89rdmDMPp04GWxPDhhyZOsWiR9/dgYxKGvDyz0uXJk2YRm+joQEtkmD7d\ndP2fOhVOnw60NIGlsBA+X5DOTubyk/4/MeMiLrzQBHB8RbC3JHztNxUxvtnHHye8WLiu73V0m/Zf\nZs+u/NZg56WXjEciUC2I8vjRj8zS726zvvuEoDcSWVlm6ozwcPjiCzOFRl3it7+FSy4xRsyZpfk8\ngtnv69Jt2TKIHPEBk+Mn0aqgsSmcnnnGt5nZcRJVZ+xYM6HQ3//ObQNv42Tnf/PprNLfMZjfTShf\nvzlzjBdu4UIzfUZdYvRoMz7r0UdNl35fENRG4tQpEyDu0cP0YKppN3t/IAKvvGKCTw89FGhpAses\nWVA04F/cOfhOM5JxyhTTkrB4j796YDz7LDz1FCMj+hIVGcKSH1Y02Jbvtm2m9f/pp9C1a6ClKZ++\nfc0sys89Z7YaU5k/qj5slOOHPXRItV8/1Qcf9M+cJ77m1CnVHj3MOIGGRlGRapsLv9UOf+6shd9t\nMo7VI0d8n9GHHwZ3TGL4cP/pd/fdqjNm6POrntfYe27V//7XP9nUZdLSVOPjVf/970BL4h0HD6r2\n6aP6u995LgNpqDGJPXtMz6WbbzbNwtrs4lpdYmLMINf77zdD8BsSX38NRQP+w8+H3E6ju38BTz7p\nnznXbUyi+vzf/8Hs2fz0TB/S2szmv5+l+y+vOkhxsSlPpk41XV7rA7GxpkUxZw78+tfVf/2Dzkhs\n2WL8cg8+aPxytWkgVJXMvExSM1PZnbabrSe2svnYZn5I+4Fj2cfIyc9xtXzKpX9/+NvfzFwt7tN3\nBLPfNyUlhfc+yiUv/j3uW11s3uQZM/yTmY1JVJ/oaPjrX4m+636ujh3PwmPvkp0d3O8mlOr33HOQ\nmVm5+6ZYizmRc4J9GfvYeWonW45vYcvxLezL2MeJnBPkFdbuGgJt25oYxdq1ZiBvdeaPC+gajiIy\nGfgL0Aj4p6r+qZxrXsKshJcLTFdVj/XstWvN6pQvvmhGJPqagqIC9mXsY1faLnan7WZ32m5+SP+B\no9lHOZ5znOM5x2nSuAktwlsQ1iiMsEZhhEgIuQW5ZOdnc/rsacIbhxMXHUf3lt0Z1G4QQzsOZVjs\nMLdOrVYAAB4gSURBVNo0NxGwH/3IWP8ZM8zyCfWhFVQTiorg7U3vcNvwC2j16j9Ms8JfiwLZlkTN\nuOEGmD+f5786wJxL3uCLL+7xyUD4us6qVfDCC2bBsdBQc6youIhNxzax+sBqNh/fzJbjW9ibsZcT\nOSeICo8iIiyipAxQlJz8HLLzs8nKz6Jp46Z0jOxYsnVt0ZWeMT2JbxVPfEw8rZu1NhNb+ojoaBNk\nv+oqs1bFm2+W6uENla5x7S9EpBFmrezxwCFgHXCTqm5zu2YqcI+qThWRS4C/qurwctLSpCTlxhvN\n1N5XXFF9ufKL8tmbvrfEEOw6tYvd6cYgHDx9kNjIWHrG9DQPNSae7i270zGyI+0i2tGmWRuahjb1\nmLaqkp6Xzr6MffyQ9gMbj2xk/ZH1rDu0jvhW8UztOZWr+1xNn+hBDB8u3HuvGRkezCQnK9M/7sOO\nL7No+sJLppuXv/jvf03tIViNxWWXwYoV/tUvJwcdOpRHemeytNnbrHl/vP/yqgOkpZnFgV5+GcZM\nPM0X279g1vZZLN23lPYR7RnVZRQD2g3gwrYX0qNlD9pFtCOskeceMqpKRl4Gh7MOczjrMIeyDpVU\nPHed2sWutF2oaonR6NnS+euUOW2atam2ATlzxnxeYWGmAhoe7t0a14E0EiOAJ1R1srP/CICqPut2\nzevAElX90NnfDoxR1WNl0tI2bZSPP4YxYyrON68wzzyc04c4lHWIg6cPnvOQDmUdonNU5xIjUPKw\nYnoSFx1X4QtQXQqKClh5YCVf7fqKj7d+TFR4FFM73MHff3kbyxfG0LdvOTdlZ5u1D48cOf/v8ePm\njTh71myFhWZoZtOmpg9wu3bGYdmpk+n6NWBAwPryXT1jNk98+WMG3fEb5I9/9G9m779vHMvWSNSM\nXbvIGXExPx7Ukzc/XE+rVv7Nrlzy8sy8/tu2wa5dcOyYee9d735hoWmmipjFYZo3h4gIU61u3958\nA+3bn7s1b35OFqpw9TVKePwyGPY3FvywgNFdR3ND3xuY0H0CHSJrsJZABZzKPVVSHu1O211SSd2d\ntpuCooJzDEiPmB7ERsbSMbIjHSI70KppqwqNSH6+qSfl5JgeWs2b120jcT0wSVV/7uzfAlyiqve6\nXTMHeEZVVzn7i4GHVXVDmbR09lWjiGxSAAWFSGEB5BdQdDaP4vw8ivPPovn5aP5ZpLCQ5oQTQRjN\naEwTCSU0rAnh4RE0adKcJk0iCAkNM6sMhYaagjUiovQlK+9v8+am8HX9dW1Nm3rnOikuNjN0ZWdT\nfDqTjZsXsmzdJ+zZtp6O+wYxIDaSKyKizjUGRUVmwYv27c//27atybtJE1NdaNzYfFS5uWY7dgwO\nHjTbrl3w3Xfm2sGDTUEzZoyZu8fPfYZzj2fwer8OTB46jL5fpfjfXfLee2ZOlFp852t1DejRo2H5\n8lrR7+yKpWRNTOT/JvyUF774h9/zY98+M5hm1Sqz7doF3bpBnz4QH2/e/bZtTWWneXMzo2bjxubb\nyskp3dLSzPt/9GjpX9c3FRpa8h0Vt29P0tFM3k5bR8eBYYwcdh1jht9Ii/Zdzei5iAjvfTZFRaay\n5v4NuracnCrtF2Sf5mxOJmcK88gryiOvMI+zRfmcLS4gvyifAoqQsDAkLBwNDzPfcHgTQsLCITwc\nDQulKDSUbT+EklUYxkPfLKrTRuI6YLIXRuJZVV3p7C8GHlLVjWXS0kk92tG+hXk5IpqGEx/bhhG9\ne9KkaSTfHUojPLw5Ey66mKiIVizbvgMaNSJh2DBo3JiUdeugqIiE/v2hsJCUDRvMfp8+cOYMKRs3\nwpkzJLRvDzk5pOzYAXl5JEREQHY2KYcPw9mzJDRqBLm5pGRkmPMFBdCkCSmhodC4MQlhYaBKSn4+\nqJIQGmquz8mB8HASWrSAiAhSwsKgZUuG9uzKO9v28GHWRoYPGcwjt/+W6Lg+pOzeDc2akTB2LFAa\nXHMVRlXeX7IETpww8ixbRsrcuXDwIAnjx8MVV5ASEwNt2lQ//fL2T56kz8NP8Dz7mfr3L5BGjXyb\nfnn7w4bB7NmkOD2n/J5fQsI5gV2/59e1K+zfjytHf+e3YcE8erzwItG/+V+YONG36RcWmu/pyy9J\n+egjyMoiYeJEGDmSlPBw6N6dhAkTfJefKgmDB1N85DAvvflnVm6cS1x2FL2bdKZH41AkLZ2EvDw4\nfZqU9HRTHjRubL7X4mIQISE8HEJCzPddUEBCcTHk5ZFSUABhYSQ4lccUgKZNSWjb1uzn5kKTJiR0\n62b2T540+/36mf3UVLN/8cVmf8sWI/+QIaY8cRaWSBg0iPyCPOauXEJObiaDurQl70wWa7Zsp/Ds\nGS5sG8F3+46x8PtUKC6meWEon6UeqtNGYjgw083d9ChQ7B68dtxNKar6gbPv0d0UKD0qxHlJyM01\nNYn/3969x9lc5w8cf73dV0pZIWXXJtFKiCLxMyX3Sxdtt91cKiltoYtItbWlNLIVyZai6eJO5RIR\nRo0auU0SlmIS5RJGoWFmzvv3x+e4jTkzhzlnvnO+834+HufhnDmf8/2+P87MeZ/v5ypy9Abu38NX\nHcWL53iIXbugzuU7aTrg33yeNoFHmj5C3yZ9o9LsdZzdu90aJjNmwJw57ltbx45u+nqjRqfeuawK\n06dDr16M/FMjJnQ5h88fLYBvoibiVv20jtsHtGRZ0mmUbHElvPwylC9/6gfcscOtczFzplvt8cIL\n3ZjTDh3cQo/RGtAQlLIthd6zenMw8yAHZw+me7M2PPxwiM9PVfc3vW+fa9pyM1TcLRBw3+DLlHFX\n9CVLFtoRKOH0SXg5Aa4E8D1QHSgFpAAXZSvTHvg4eL8JkBziWDnPFPGJWbPcWnfLNq3T9u+31zoj\n6+iXP35ZcAFkZKgmJqo+9JDqRRepVqqk2rWrm5y2e3d4xwgE3DFatlS98ELdPzdJi9/RUl9Leje6\nsZuoyQpk6R+eqKL9np6r2quX+70YNiz834mMDNWlS1WfeUa1cWPV8uVVu3Rxs9W2bYtu8MfYm75X\n+8zuo2fHn61vLHtDh76Ypc2bu43C/I4wJtN5diUBICLtODoE9i1VfV5EegU/9V8PlnkVaAvsB3po\ntqamYBn1sh7RlpiYyLhxcQQCMHq0MvHbifT7pB83/fUmBrccTLlS5Qo2oE2b3K5Ns2a5duJzz3UL\nUF1yCfzpT65TsGRJt3DWli1uXfZPPnFXTPffD3fcwUNvzuf1zQ/wwTUjadWyVcHGX4AKtE/CA92f\nepoJv01iX/wqSqxZ4zZznz3b9Y9ceSXUquX6CbKyXIfy5s2uw3nFCjfcuVo1aN3aXaU2b17ga+fM\n3zifHh/1oNX5rRhyzRB2/nA2LVq44fTnn+//969Qj26KpKKQJBo2jKNePbdZWKdObgREv0/6kbwl\nmfFdxtOwakNvgsvMdLsnLVniRpps3uyaDTIyXAffOee4poIWLaBePRAhM5BJ+Ufr88DFg2nz5/K+\n/iP0+4fM/PkL6Tj1Sfq3upOnr+/ufrhnj9vUPTnZLX+wc6frRC5d2o2oq1nTfaG44orobwkZQnpm\nOgM/HcjkNZMZc+0YWtdoTUaGW3T4rruOzuf0+/tXqJubInnD581Nhy1apHrOOXrcev7jvxmvFeMr\n6tDFQzUrkOVdcCfhqZn/1ZI9W+jBgzGwqJbJ093PLNZyT1TTA4cOeB1KWL7e9rXWGVlHb5x0o/6y\n/5cjP3/6adU2bWJjrbdIobA3N0WK368kjvXww/DDDzBp0tG+sNS0VG6behunlz6dd657h8rlKnsb\nZC5+PfgrVZ+vRZf0WSQMudTrcEwEbNkC5z92HU/d0YzH4h72OpxcjV05lv6f9ufFVi/StV7XI3MK\nli93Cw+vXBmZ7dRjRThXEr5bu8mPjh1G+eyzrnVnwoSjz1c/szqf9fiMy6peRqPRjUjeklzwQYZp\n8GfPk7W+NQO7uwRRVNb+8avExETOOw8a73+OIZ/Hk5aelveLPJCemc7dM+4m/ot4FnVfRLf63Y4k\niPR06NbNLeeTPUH4/f0LhyWJGFOmjNvTtk8f+Omnoz8vUawEz179LK+1f43O4zszaukoCtvV1YZd\nGxi1ZDQX/zyE2rW9jsZEUt/b/sppWzrz70X/9jqUE6SmpdJsTDPS0tP46q6v+OvZxy9h8OSTrn89\nGuu9+YE1N8Wof/3LLTg2c+aJQ7A37NrADZNuoOE5DRnVYVSu60kVpA7jOrBhXhyPX/UIXbt6HY2J\npEOHoFrtHWTefTELe3zKJZUv8TokAOZ8N4fuH3bn0SsfpW+TvicsWZGU5NYtXLWq8O0yVxCsucnH\nBg1yqwmMGXPiczX/WJPkO5M5lHWIpmOasmnPpoIPMJspa6awbvtG0ub04eabvY7GRFqpUtC7WyXq\n7HiGe2fdS0ADnsYT0ABPJz7NndPvZPLfJtPvin4nJIh9+9w+86NGFc0EES5LEjEgp3bRUqUgIQEG\nDHDL2mR3WqnTeP+G9+lerztN3mrCrPWzoh5nKDv37+T+2fdz6eax3H1nKUqXPvqc39t8i1L9evWC\nVWN7kpUpDF8y3LOYdv++m07jOzF/03yW9VxG8z83z7Fc//5uKsd114U+lt/fv3BYkohhdeu60U49\neriVALITEfo06cPUm6bSa2YvHl/wOFmBU9h1JB9UlXtn3cvfav2D+QlNuOeeAj29KUBVqkCH9sW4\nam8Cgz8fzOodqws8hpU/r+Sy0ZdR64+1mN91fsiVWufOdU21r7xSwAHGIOuTiHFZWW6i6i23wAMP\nhC63fd92bpt2G4Iwvsv4I5scRdvwJcN5O+Vt/nHwC5KTyjBpUoGc1ngkOdl1AA+c9BbDl75M8p3J\nnFbqtLxfGAEJKQk8PO9hRrYfyU11bgpZbs8eN5dv7Fi4xt/bYeTJZlwXERs2uMmrixe7URqhZAWy\neHLhk7y76l0m3DiBptWaRjWuxZsXc/3E60nqnkzbxufz3ntuRqvxL1X3u/jgg8rs0new/9B+Jt44\nMaI7rWX3e8bv9PukH4mpiUy7edoJo5ey69oVzjgDXn01aiHFDJtx7RMLFy7Ms8yIEapNmrg10/Iy\n438ztNLQShqfFK+ZWdFZxWzNjjVaeWhl/Xj9x/rOO6otWuRcLpy6xbKiWL+PPlKtV0/1wKHftfHo\nxvr4/Mejdv6VP6/Ui169SG+dcqvuTd+bZ/lp01Rr1lTdty+84/v9/SOMGdfWJ+ETvXu79fNefDHv\nsh0v7MiSu5Ywc8NM4hLi2LhnY0Rj2bhnI+3eb0d8q3ja1GjH88+70VimaOjY0fWRLZxXhum3Tmfq\n2qkMSRqS9wtPQkADDPtiGK3fbc2g5oMY12UcZ5Q+I9fX7Njh/k4SEk7YhM7kJq8sEgs3fH4lEa7U\nVNWKFVVTUsIrnxXI0mFfDNOK8RV12BfD9FDmoXzHsPLnlVp1WFUdtXSUqqpOmaJ62WVFaz0cozp+\nvGrTpu593/rrVq05vKb2n9s/IuuLLdu6TC8ffbk2H9NcN+3ZFNZrsrJU27dXHTgw36f3FcK4kvD8\nAz4SN0sSRyUkqNauHf7ltKrqup3rtO17bbX2q7V1zoY5GjiFT/RAIKBvLn9TK8ZX1MnfTlZV94fZ\noIHqhx+e9OFMjMvMdM068+e7xzv379TmY5prp3GddPu+7ad0zJ9/+1l7z+ytlYdW1rErx55UwvnP\nf9yWFYfy/z3IVyxJ+MTJtot27arao8fJnSMQCOj0ddP1whEXapM3m+gHaz8Iu79i1bZV2u69dlr3\ntbq6evvqIz+fMEG1YUOXLELxe5tvUa7f+++rNmp09P1Pz0jX/nP7a+WhlfWNZW/owcyDYZ3j+93f\na9/ZffWsIWfpAx8/oLsO7DqpGJctUz37bNWNG0/qZarq//cvnCRhfRI+NHKk2yv+3XfDf42I0KlW\nJ9b0XsNDVzzEkKQhnPufc+k9qzcz/jeDn3776cgs2qxAFut3rWfsyrG0frc1Ld9pSesarVnacyl1\nKtUB3DINgwZBfHzUd500hdQtt7jRThMnuselS5TmhVYvMOPWGUxZO4ULhl/AgE8HkLQ5ib3pe4+8\nbt+hfSz/aTkvffkSzcc2p8mbTSgmxVjdezWvtHuFCn8Ifw+K335zcYwY4XbgNSfPhsD61KpV0LKl\nW5smt2Gxuflu93dM/nYyi35YxPKfl7Pn9z2ULVmW/Rn7Oe+M82h8bmO6XNSFzrU6n7A+1IgRbrvi\n2bMjUBkTsxIT3WTPdes4bqY9uD2lJ307iXkb57F251qyNIviUpyABqhRoQbNqjWj7QVtaVez3Snt\n6a4Kt9/utpkebduo58jmSRRxr7/uxoJ/8YXbJC6/MrIyOJBxgHKlylG8WPGQ5bZvd7PBFy6EOnXy\nf14T2zp3dhM+H3kkdJmABkjPTCcrkEW5UuUiMq/ilVfg7bfd/KGyZfN9OF+yBf584lTXj7n7brf1\ndNeuOS/bcbJKFi9J+TLlc00Q4NbE6dYtvATh97VxrH4wbBi88ELOa4wdVkyKUbZkWU4vfXpEEsSC\nBTBkCHzwQf4ShN/fv3BYkvAxEXjtNfjlF7e0eEFYsMDdCup8pvCrWRMefBDuvdc1AUVbair8/e8w\nbhxUrx798/mdNTcVATt2wOWXw/PPw623Ru88aWlQrx688Qa0aRO985jYk5EBjRpB376ujyJadu+G\nZs1cQrr//uidxy+sT8Ic8c03bjGzhARo2zbyx1d1394qVLA1cUzOVq+Gq66Czz8nKjsTHjjgfseb\nNXOj6kzerE/CJyLRLlq3Lnz4oRvtkZSU/5iyGzHCfQic7B+n39t8rX5HXXwxDB4MN9/sNvyJpPR0\nt8PcBRe4vohI8fv7Fw7PkoSIVBCReSKyXkTmisiZOZSpJiILReRbEVktIrkshm3ycsUVrp32hhtc\nv0GkfPopPPccfPSRjSIxuevZEy67zDV7ZkVoa5P9+6FTJyhXDt56y+blRJpnzU0iEg/8oqrxIvIo\ncJaqDshWpgpQRVVTRKQcsBy4TlXXZitnzU0nYdEi961r1Cjo0iV/x1q8GK6/HiZPhhYtIhOf8beM\nDGjf3nUqv/56/j7Ud+1yO8vVqOESRPHcB96ZbAp7c1NnICF4PwE4YRNBVd2mqinB+/uAtUDVAovQ\np1q0gE8+cZsUPfPMqQ+PXbDAJYj33rMEYcJXsiRMm+b2Qena1SWNU7F6tRuQ0aSJ2+vdEkR0eJkk\nKqvq9uD97UDl3AqLSHWgAbAkumEVPtFoF23QAJYudds4tmkDG09itfBAAIYPdzuQTZwIrVufehx+\nb/O1+uXs9NPdjPy9e11n9o8/hv/aQABeegni4uCpp2Do0Og1Mfn9/QtHiWgeXETmAVVyeOq43QVU\nVUUkZHtRsKlpCtAneEVxgu7du1M9OCj6zDPPpH79+sTFxQFH3+hYfZySkhK14y9YAP/8ZyINGsB9\n98XRty+sWRO6/LJl0KNHIpmZ8OWXcfzlL97//9jj2H380Udwzz2J1K0LTzwRx333QXJyzuX/7//i\n+Phj6NMnkdNOgyVL4qhRo3DVp7A/TkxM5O233wY48nmZFy/7JNYBcaq6TUTOARaq6gkD40SkJDAT\nmK2qL4c4lvVJ5NMPP7hZsePGuaajNm3cmk9ly8Kvv8Ly5TBjBmzdCo895jog7fLeRMqaNTBwoFtC\npksXN4y1Rg131bB1K3z1FUyZ4oZYP/kkXHutmyxq8qdQz5MIdlzvUtUXRGQAcGYOHdeC66/Ypar9\ncjmWJYkISUuDmTNd5/aGDfD7727USP36cPXVLnmUiOr1pynKUlNh0iRYsQI2bXJfRCpVgoYN3Qim\n+vW9jtBfCnuSqABMAv4EpAI3qWqaiFQFRqtqBxFpBnwGrAIOBzpQVedkO5avk0RiYuKRS0e/8XPd\nwOoX6/xev3CShGffCVV1N3BNDj//CegQvJ+ETfgzxhjP2LIcxhhTRBX2eRLGGGMKOUsSMeDwEDY/\n8nPdwOoX6/xev3BYkjDGGBOS9UkYY0wRZX0Sxhhj8sWSRAzwc7uon+sGVr9Y5/f6hcOShDHGmJCs\nT8IYY4oo65MwxhiTL5YkYoCf20X9XDew+sU6v9cvHJYkjDHGhGR9EsYYU0RZn4Qxxph8sSQRA/zc\nLurnuoHVL9b5vX7hsCRhjDEmJOuTMMaYIsr6JIwxxuSLJYkY4Od2UT/XDax+sc7v9QuHJQljjDEh\nWZ+EMcYUUdYnYYwxJl88SRIiUkFE5onIehGZKyJn5lK2uIisFJEZBRljYeLndlE/1w2sfrHO7/UL\nh1dXEgOAeap6ITA/+DiUPsAaoMi2J6WkpHgdQtT4uW5g9Yt1fq9fOLxKEp2BhOD9BOC6nAqJyHlA\ne+BNINd2Mz9LS0vzOoSo8XPdwOoX6/xev3B4lSQqq+r24P3tQOUQ5V4CHgECBRKVMcaY45SI1oFF\nZB5QJYenBh37QFVVRE5oShKRjsAOVV0pInHRiTI2pKameh1C1Pi5bmD1i3V+r184PBkCKyLrgDhV\n3SYi5wALVbV2tjLPAbcDmUAZ4Axgqqp2zeF4Rba/whhj8iOvIbBeJYl4YJeqviAiA4AzVTVk57WI\ntAAeVtVOBRakMcYYz/okhgCtRGQ9cHXwMSJSVURmhXiNXS0YY0wB88WMa2OMMdHhixnXIvKMiHwt\nIikiMl9EqnkdUySJyFARWRus4zQRKe91TJEkIn8TkW9FJEtELvU6nkgRkbYisk5ENojIo17HE0ki\nMkZEtovIN17HEg0iUk1EFgZ/L1eLyANexxQpIlJGRJYEPy/XiMjzuZb3w5WEiJyuqr8F798P1FPV\nuzwOK2JEpBUwX1UDIjIEILc+nFgjIrVxw5xfBx5S1RUeh5RvIlIc+B9wDbAVWArcqqprPQ0sQkSk\nObAPeEdV63odT6SJSBWgiqqmiEg5YDlwnY/ev7KqekBESgBJuD7fpJzK+uJK4nCCCCoH/OJVLNGg\nqvNU9fBckSXAeV7GE2mquk5V13sdR4RdDnynqqmqmgFMAK71OKaIUdXPgT1exxEtqrpNVVOC9/cB\na4Gq3kYVOap6IHi3FFAc2B2qrC+SBICIDBaRzUA3gh3hPnUH8LHXQZg8nQv8eMzjLcGfmRgjItWB\nBrgvaL4gIsVEJAU3mXmhqq4JVTZqk+kiLZfJeY+p6gxVHQQMCg6pfQnoUaAB5lNe9QuWGQQcUtVx\nBRpcBIRTP5+J/XZcQ7CpaQrQJ3hF4QvBlon6wf7NT0QkTlUTcyobM0lCVVuFWXQcMfhNO6/6iUh3\n3DpWLQskoAg7iffPL7YCxw6gqIa7mjAxQkRKAlOB91T1Q6/jiQZV3RucdtAISMypjC+am0Sk5jEP\nrwVWehVLNIhIW9waVteqarrX8USZXxZyXAbUFJHqIlIKuBmY7nFMJkwiIsBbwBpVfdnreCJJRCoe\n3p5BRP4AtCKXz0y/jG6aAtQCsoDvgXtVdYe3UUWOiGzAdTAd7lz6UlV7exhSRInI9cBwoCKwF1ip\nqu28jSr/RKQd8DKuY/AtVc11qGEsEZHxQAvgj8AO4ElVHettVJEjIs2Az4BVHG06HKiqc7yLKjJE\npC5u9e1iwdu7qjo0ZHk/JAljjDHR4YvmJmOMMdFhScIYY0xIliSMMcaEZEnCGGNMSJYkjDHGhGRJ\nwhhjTEiWJEyRJiLlReTebD+bLSILRGRlcJnvtOD9FSJyhYikikgFr2I2piBZkjBF3VnAkYmJwRmo\nFVT1alVtANwFfK6qDVT1UlX9Eje5qsBmhovIWQV1LmOysyRhirohQI3glUI8bhZx4jHPh0oG/UVk\nVXDzlhpRjnF4cDOt20SkTJTPZcxxLEmYou5R4PvglUJ/oB0wO4zXpanqJcCruKU3okZVb8et3dUU\nWC0iw0Xkkmie05jDLEmYoi77lcKVuJ268jI++O8E4IqIRpQDVV2hqv8E6uDWJ/tKRPpG+7zGxMxS\n4cZEm4icD/yoqpkn+VIVkWLAClx/xXTcqpr/Cj7uCdyH27hmK3APMDP43H9xCwD2DD7uALwNVAKW\nqurdwdhK4JaKvwOoATwBvHeKVTUmbJYkTFH3G3B68H64TU2CW/r7heC/XxzexCVbuWP3ILgj23PZ\ny752zP02x51M5EFckvkMGKqqi8OI0ZiIsCRhijRV3SUii0XkG+Bn3Gim44pw4i5zCpwlIl8D6cCt\nUQ7za6Cen3ZGM7HDlgo3BghuDJSkqpd7HYsxhYklCWOMMSHZ6CZjjDEhWZIwxhgTkiUJY4wxIVmS\nMMYYE5IlCWOMMSFZkjDGGBOSJQljjDEh/T878O9nDvRbUQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fc30d2b9150>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7efc2eb58310>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import arange,sinc,sin,pi\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,sinc,sin,pi,zeros,cos\n",
     "%matplotlib inline\n",
     "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,grid,title,show,xlabel,ylabel,legend\n",
     "\n",
@@ -374,8 +374,7 @@
     "grid()\n",
     "show()\n",
     "#Result\n",
-    "#Enter the bit rate:1\n",
-    "        "
+    "#Enter the bit rate:1"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -387,7 +386,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -396,7 +395,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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jUcH93n0XVltt2QRyHMdpydTVhfAef/lL6REmsswnsQ0w2Mz2jMtnAouSzmtJ\n1wFDzezuuDwa2MnMpuTVVftdtBzHcTKgIcd1lpbE68B6kvoSkg4dBBycV+ZhQs6Ju6NSmZGvIKDh\nk3Qcx3EaR2ZKwswWSMolHWoL3JRLOhS3X29mj0kaJGkcMIeQW9txHMdpJlrEYDrHcRynMrSorAmS\nTpW0SNIqWctSCEnnSXpL0nBJz0iqyvCCki6WNCrK+oCkLlnLVAhJP5D0rqSFkqouRZSkPSWNljRW\n0ulZy1MISTdLmiJpRNayFENSH0lD4v/9jqRfZi1TPpJWkPRqfL5HSroga5mKIamtpGGSHilWrsUo\nifjC3Q34KGtZinCRmW1mZpsDDwHnZi1QCk8CG5nZZsB7wJkZy5PGCOBA4PmsBcmnlMGiVcItBBmr\nnfnAyWa2EbANcEK1XU8z+wrYOT7fmwI7S/pOxmIV4yRgJA30NG0xSgK4FPhN1kIUw8xmJRY7AtOy\nkqUYZvaUmS2Ki6+SMjYla8xstJk1czLHkillsGjmmNkLwPSs5WgIM/vUzIbH+dnAKKBntlItjZnN\njbPtCb7WLzIUJxVJvYFBwI0sPcygHi1CSUjaH5hoZm9nLUtDSPqjpI+BI4E/Zy1PCRwDPJa1EDVI\nKYNFnUYQe0RuQfiAqSoktZE0HJgCDDGzkVnLlMJlwGnAooYKZtkFtiwkPQV0L7DpbEJzyO7J4s0i\nVAGKyHmWmT1iZmcDZ0s6g/BHZdJjqyE5Y5mzgW/M7M5mFS5BKXJWKd4jpAJI6gj8EzgpWhRVRbTA\nN49+vCck1ZnZ0IzFqoekfYCpZjZMUl1D5WtGSZjZboXWS9oYWBt4SyGSX2/gDUkDzWxqM4oIpMtZ\ngDvJ8Au9ITklHUUwR3dtFoFSKON6VhuTgGTHhD4Ea8JpJJLaAfcDd5jZQ1nLUwwz+1LSv4GtgKEZ\ni5PPdsB+MYDqCkBnSbeZ2RGFCtd8c5OZvWNma5jZ2ma2NuFB3DILBdEQktZLLO4PLBX2vBqIIdxP\nA/aPzrhaoNoGVC4eLCqpPWGw6MMZy1SzKHwB3gSMNLPLs5anEJK6Seoa51ckdKSpumfczM4ysz7x\nffkj4Nk0BQEtQEkUoJrN/AskjYhtlnXAqRnLk8aVBMf6U7GL3DVZC1QISQdKmkDo7fJvSY9nLVMO\nM1tAiBbwBKEHyT1mNipbqZZG0l3Ay8D6kiZIqtYBq9sDhxF6DA2LU7X1yuoBPBuf71eBR8zsmYxl\nKoWi70wlekRbAAAgAElEQVQfTOc4juOk0hItCcdxHKeJcCXhOI7jpOJKwnEcx0nFlYTjOI6TiisJ\nx3EcJxVXEo7jOE4qriScmieGCh+WmNbMWqamQtJdMWT7SVnL4rROfJyEU/NImmVmnVK2CcBq8EaX\n1B14wczWa7Bw8Xq6mtmMJhLLaWW4JeG0OGIojDGS/k7IOdFH0mmSXotf5YMTZc+OZV+QdKekU+P6\noZK+Fee7SfowzreNSZlydR0X19fFfe6LCZvuSBxja0kvxWQ0r0jqKOk5SZslyrwoaZO8U3kS6BWt\no2XJS3BaTIZznKTOy1CP0wpxJeG0BFZMNDXdTwgz0A+42sw2BgYA/cxsICHE9Lck7RCVwEHAZoRg\nhluzJESBUThcwbHAjFjXQOAnMXQ1wOaERC4bAutI2i7Gbbob+GVMRvNdYB4hDtFRAJLWB5Y3s/zs\ncPsC75vZFmb2YmMvTow8fDiwDiH45c2Stm9sfU7rwpWE0xKYF1+kW5jZ9wjB/j4ys9fi9t2B3SUN\nA94A+gPrAd8BHjCzr2JCqFIC8O0OHBHregVYhaCQDHjNzCbHpq3hhOjE/YFPzOwNCAlzzGwhIdz1\nPpKWI+TsuKXAsZosaKGZvWdmZ0R5niXEuqrKQHlOdVEzocIdp0zm5C1fYGZ/S66IzuDkizg5v4Al\nH1Er5NV1opk9lVdXHfB1YtVCwvNV0BdiZnNjrowDgB8ARXN0S/ojwdoxQvjpN+P8w4RIo+fG5Z8A\nJxAspklmtk/cX8DOBIW0NfBXQlYyxymKKwmnNfAEcJ6kf5jZHEm9gG8IubFvVUhY3w7YB7gu7jOe\n8DJ+Hfh+Xl3HSxpiZgtiU1FanggDxgA9JG1lZq9L6gTMjdbEjcCjwHNm9mWxE8glq0qs2jyvSDK/\nwjHJDZIOBX5L8M/cBBxei458JxtcSTgtgUIvvMXrzOwpSRsA/42dnWYBh8XMXPcAbwFTgf+xxJq4\nBLg3Oqb/najvRqAv8Gb8Op8KHEiKD8PM5ks6CLgy5hiYS8gzMMfM3pT0JYWbmoqdW7mMB7Y3s8+b\noC6nleFdYB0nIulcYLaZ/aWZjteTkAe5f3Mcz3EaQ8mOa0ndJbmj22npNMtXk6QjCI7vs5rjeI7T\nWEqyJCStQsjZe3C155Z1HMdxmo5SLYNDgacIfcQdx3GcVkKpSuJoQre6PpJ6VFAex3Ecp4poUElI\n2gr4zMwmALcTR4k6juM4LZ9SLIkfAzfH+duBIyonjuM4jlNNFFUSkjoAewAPApjZVGBMHF3qOI7j\ntHCK9m6S1A5YxcymJNZ1BjCzmZUXz3Ecx8mSopaEmc3PUxD7mNlMVxCO4zitg7JGXEsaZmZbVFAe\nx3Ecp4rwEdSO4zhOKuUqiZ9WRArHcRynKilXSfy4IlI4juM4VUm5SmLrikjhOI7jVCXlKompFZHC\ncRzHqUrK7d3Uw8w+qaA8juM4ThVRriXx74pI4TiO41Ql5SoJNVzEcRzHaSmUqyRuqIgUjuM4TlVS\nrpJYWBEpHMdxnKqkXCXxs4pI4TiO41Ql7pNwHMdxUim3C2xvM5tYQXkcx3GcKqJcS+K6ikjhOI7j\nVCXlKoleFZHCcRzHqUrKVRLDKiKF4ziOU5WU5ZNwHMdxWheedMhxHMdJxZWE4ziOk4orCcdxHCeV\n5YptlLQ68ANgR6AvYMBHwPPAfWbm+SUcx3FaMKmOa0k3AesCjwOvAZ8QRlz3AAYCewLjzMxTmjqO\n47RQiimJTc3s7aI7l1DGcRzHqV2K+SQuA5B0YVoBVxCO4zgtm2I+iR6Stgf2l3QPoalpsdlhZm9W\nWjjHcRwnW4o1N/0AOBbYHng9f7uZ7VxZ0RzHcZysaXDEtaTfmdkfmkkex3Ecp4ooZkmsY2YfFN1Z\nWtfM3q+IZI7jOE7mFFMS9wAdgIcJzU3JLrBbAfsBs8zsR80jquM4jtPcFG1uktQP+BHBL7FWXP0R\n8CJwV0OWhuM4jlPbeBRYx3EcJ5XULrCSvkeiy2s+ZvZARSRyHMdxqoZi4yT2JSgJxfmH87a7knAc\nx2nhlNTcJGmYmW3RDPI4juM4VYSHCnccx3FScSXhOI7jpFLMcf1IYnHtvGUzs/0qJ5bjOI5TDRQb\nTFdXZD8zs+cqIpHjOI5TNfg4CcdxHCeVoj4JSStLui1v3cmSdq2sWE4SSUMlHZu1HE59JB0oaYKk\nWZI2y+D449OeRUk7SBrd3DKVS3PJKamvpEWS2sTlxyQdXunjtgSKKgkzmw70lrQ5gKTlgBMJ6Uyd\nJiQ+8HPjC+dTSbdI6hA3G0UGNjaTfIskzY7yTZJ0RbwfWjOXAMebWSczeyt/Y941mybpaUk/bMLj\np94XZvaCmQ1owmM1GkkbSXpS0ueSpkt6XdJekJ2cZjbIzG5v7uPWIqX0broJOCbO7wm8YGazKidS\nq8WAfcysE7AlIYjiOdmKtBSbRvl2BP4POC5jeTJDkoA1gZENFM1ds/WBW4GrJP2uwuJVDEXK3O0R\n4AlgDWB14JfAzKaWzakMpSiJ+4G9JLUHjiYoDaeCmNlk4D/ARonVfSW9KGmmpCckrZrbIOk+SZ9I\nmiHpOUkbJrYNkvRu3G+ipFMT2/aRNDx+3b0kaZMS5XsfeAlIHie1rmglnRHl+ELSzZKWj9u6SXo0\n7ve5pOdzLyFJG8SmtumS3pG0b6LOWyVdHfedKekVSesktl8maYqkLyW9LWmjuH55SZdI+ihabNdK\nWqHQecb34TlR/imS/i6pc5R9FtAWeEvS2BKu2Rdmdgfwc+BMSSsnrs3iJiNJgyXdnljeL1636ZKG\nSMr/6h6Ycl3rJE3I+w9OlfRWvE/uTpTtGq/j1FjPI5J6JfYdKul8SS8Bc4BTJdVLRCbpFEkPFbiG\n3YC+wA1mtsDM5pvZy2b2Urlyxu2/kTQ53ss/VrDW1onb9pY0LP7nH0s6N+3/UKIJV9JRCs/WxfH8\nP5C0Z6Ls2vG+nCnpqXjftR4rxMwanIArCc1MI0op71P5E/AhsGuc7wO8A/w+Lg8FxgH9gBWAIcAF\niX2PIoR1b0fITT4sse0TYPs43wXYIs5vAUwBtiaEXjkiytA+Rb5FwLpxfgAwGTiigbraxe3jgbeB\nXsDKhCjC58VtFwDXEl64bROytovnfAahq/bOhK/P9eP2W4FpBIurLXAHITIxwB6E8Pad43J/oHuc\nvwx4COgKdCSEm/lTyjkfA4wlvOQ6ED6Ybsu7JusU+U+X2h7Paz6wR+J/3yWx/Vzg9ji/PjAb2DWe\n42lRnuVKuK51wIS8++sVoHssOxL4ady2CnAg4d7qCNwLPJjYd2g81gaED8v2wOfAgESZYcCBBa6B\ngPcI1sT+wBp528uRc0/C/bwBsGL8zxdfY2AnYKM4vwnwKbB/XO4by7aJy0OAYxLPzzeETJwCfgZM\nSsj0X+Aiwn24PfBl8j5o6VOpL7DNgHnAb7IWuKVO8SGcBUyP81cBy8dtQ4CzEmV/DjyeUk/X+DB0\nissfEZqFOueVuxb4Q9660cCOKfUuig/H7Dh/RQl17RDnPwSOS2zbCxgX539PeGmvm7f/DsAneevu\nBM6N87cCf8urc1Sc3wUYA3w791KI6xXlXyexblvgg5Rzfgb4WWJ5/fgyaZO4JmUpibj+E+DgxLVJ\nKonBLFESvwXuzpN/Yu4/auC61rH0y/eQxPKFwLUpcm8OfJFYHgIMLnD/nB/nNwK+IH4UFKivF+FD\ncxywEHgO6FeunMDNwB8T29Yt9h8AlwOXxvm+FFcSYxP7rRTLrk5oUpwPrJDYfnvuP2oNU0kjri04\n5c4GbimlvNMojPDVs7KZ9TWzE83s68T2TxPz8whffEhqK+nPksZJ+pLwkBnQLZb9HjAIGB9N7G3i\n+rUIzQbTcxPQm5BUKo0tzKwjcBBwhKS1GqirZ2LfCYn5jxPbLia8PJ6U9L6k0+P6nnn7QFB4uf2M\nYL0sdU3M7FmCkr0amCLpekmdgNUIL4A3EnI+nrhW+fSIx0zKvRyhbb1RSGoX5fiihOI94zGBMDiJ\ncE16JcqkXddCpN1DK8VrND7eQ88BXaR6vof8/+LvwCFx/nDgHjObX+igZjbJzH5hZv0I98oc4LZC\nZVPkzHXg6JEnx8TkTpK+HZvkpkqaAfwUWJXSWHxMM5sbZzsSrucXZvZVomz+tWjRlByWw8wuNbPP\nKimM0ygOIWQJ3NXMugBrE744BWBmr5vZAYQX00OEpgQIL5Q/RqWUmzqa2T0NHdDM7gMeJXz1llrX\nmnnzk2Nds83s12a2bjyPUyTtAkwC+uS9qNaK6xvEzK40s60IfpP1CU01nxFeOhsm5OxqZp1TqplM\n+AJNyr2A+sqpXPaPdeR6CM5hyUsQQjNLrsfSJJYk+8o5y/tQ/xoUvK5lcirhGg2M99BOJO6hSL1e\nVGb2CvCNpB2Bgwlf1w1iZhOBa4CNGyHnJ4Tzz9Enb/udhHu8t5l1Ba5j2UMPfQKsImnFxLo10wq3\nRDx2U+2Q1qOkI/A18IVCl9k/Ld5BaifpUEldzGwhoTlrYdx8A/AzSQOjg7ZDdPx1LFGePwMHS+pd\nQl0CjpfUS9IqBKv07ijjPpL6xRfgzCjfQuBVYC7wm3gedcA+uf2KXA8kbRW/KtvFOr4CFsYv8RuA\nyyWtFsv2krR7SlV3AScr9LHvSLi2d5vZohKv0WI5Ja0i6VCChfNnC93LAYYDP5K0nKStCJZfjvuA\nvSXtEs/l1HguLyfqPqHQdS2TjgTl+WWsp5DDt9D1vj2ezzdm9nKB7Tmn+O8lrSupTXRkH0No5y+V\n3LHvBY6WNEDSSoTmuPzzmG5m30gaSPiAMpYBM/uI4N8aHO/DbQn34TLVW0u4kqgdLG8+t3wboUlk\nEsHZ/d+8socBH8ZmhOOAQwHM7A3gJ4SH/AuCQ/SIEo+Pmb0DPAucUqQuS+x7J/Ak8H7cfn7c1g94\niqDAXgauNrPnYtPFvoR29s9i3Yeb2XsFrkG+jJ2Bv0VZxhMc3BfHbacTmrdeidfkKcJXdCFuJrwI\nnwc+ICicX6RdkxTekjQrnvMxwK/MbHBi+28JbevTCZbZPxZXbjaG8P9dSbgGewP7mtmCxPH/QeHr\n2pB8yet3OcERPI3wHzxeYN9Cdd1O8EfcUeQ43xCsoacJPq0RBIV0VLlymtl/gCsI/oT3WKJocs2y\nxwN/kDSTcF3zreK04xS7lyA8M9sSnPXnxXq/KSJziyKzsByS+hBecKsT/pC/mdkVBcpdQXhRzAWO\nMrNhzSqos8xI+hA4NvoKnBZCbIKZQvBVvZ/B8TcgKJ32ZVp3y3rce4CRZvb75jpmlmRpScwHTjaz\njYBtCGbzBskCkgYRekGsR/gKvrb5xXQcJ4WfA681p4JQCIWyvMI4kwuBhyutIGLzZa65bC+C72yp\nMSEtlczCKpjZp8QeBWY2W9IoQk+CUYli+xF6UWBmr8b2zTXMbFkch47jLCOSxhNaAA5o5kMfR+hl\nuZAwfuP4Zjhmd0K65lUJPZt+ZgXCsLRUqiL2jqS+hAFZr+Zt6sXSXd56s2y9S5xmxszWzloGp2kx\ns74ZHXevDI75KKE3X6skcyURe438EzjJzGYXKpK3vJQTRVKr6WngOI7TlJhZ0VhcmfZuit367gfu\nMLNCbXyTqN8Xujcp/eSzHpVYynTuuedmLkNLkNHldDmrfaoVOUshMyUR+8XfROglcHlKsYeJ3TLj\nSOEZ5v4Ix3GcZiPL5qbtCX3A35aU69Z6FnE0o5ldb2aPKUQxHUcYmXp0NqI6juO0TrLs3fSipFsJ\nA4SmmtlSYarjKNvDCQOZIMQgerO5ZGxq6urqshahQWpBRnA5mxqXs2mpFTlLIdMc15J2IETlvK2I\nkjjFzPZroB7L8jwcx3FqEUlYNTuuzewFQjiCYpSbBctxHMdpIjLvAtsABmwn6S1Cr6Zfm1nBdJHb\nbgsDBkD//kt+110X2rdvVnkdx3FaFJk2N8HigXSPpDQ3dSJE75wbh8P/1cyWCsYmyZ5/3hgzBkaP\nZvHvhAmw5pr1FUfut1s3KDtTr+M4TguilOamqrYkzGxWYv5xSddIWsXMlkrY8swzgwHo2BFOPbWO\nuro6vv4a3n8/KI0xY+DFF+Gmm4ICkZZWHAMGwDrruPXhOE7LZOjQoQwdOrSsfardkliD0PPJYnz4\ne61AOIByHddm8NlnS6yOpAWSsz4KKZBuafnLHMdxapBSLImsezfdRciC1Y0Qj+lcQqJ4zOx6SScQ\nIk0uIIQKP8VCRqz8epqsd1PS+kg2XY0ZA23aFG66WnddaNeuSQ7vOI7TbNRCc9M8oC0wppAlYWZX\nS+pPyCchliQXqRjLLw8bbhim+rLA1Kn1LY8XXgi/EyfCWmul+z4cx3FqlawtiYbGSQwCTjSzQZK+\nTXBcb1OgXKbjJL7+GsaNW7rpavRoWG65oCwK+T7c+nAcJ0uqvrkJGvRJXAcMMbN74vJoYKf8+E1Z\nK4k0ktZHftPVxInQt29hBbLqqllL7jhOa6AWmpsaoqbzSUiwxhph2nHH+tuS1sfo0fDcc3D99WE5\nZ33kN1259eE4TnNT7UoCSsgnUYssvzxstFGYkpjBlCn1m66eey78Tpq0xPrIVyBufTiOUwmqXUmU\nnE9i8ODBi+fr6upqNsCWBN27h2mnnepv++qr+r6PoUOD9TF6dBjbUajpau213fpwHCfQEsdJJB3X\n2wCXV6PjOmty1kehcR8566PQuI9VVslacsdxsqTqHdcNjZOIZa4C9iTmkzCzpUKFt3YlUYyk9ZHv\nPG/ffonSyPd9LFftNqbjOMtMLSiJPYHLCWMlbjSzC/O21wH/Ykk+ifvN7PwC9biSKBMz+PTTwt12\nJ08OzVSFfB9ufThOy6GqlYSktsAY4LsEP8P/gIPNbFSiTB2eT6LZyVkf+ZbH6NGwwgrpvg+3Phyn\ntqj2LrADgXFmNh5A0t3A/sCovHIeq7WZWWEF2HjjMCVJWh85xfHMM+F38uTQTFVIgay8cjbn4TjO\nspOlkig0BuLbeWVKzifhVB4JevQIU37nsXnz6vs+nnkGrr46LK+wQmHfh1sfjlP9ZPmIltI+9CbQ\nJ5FP4iFgqXwSTvasuCJsskmYkpjBJ5/U930880z4/fTTdN+HWx+OUx1kqSTyx0D0IVgTiyknn0RL\nGSfR0pCgZ88w7bxz/W3z5sHYsUsUyNNPB+tj9GhYaaXCTVd9+7r14TiNpabGSUhajuC43hWYDLzG\n0o7riuSTcKqbpPWR7zzPWR/5lodbH45TPlXduwkgNiHlusDeZGYXSPopZJdPwqluktZHvgJZaaXC\nvg+3PhynMFWvJJoKVxKOWehhVWjcx5QpS3pe5VsgXbtmLbnjZEfVK4mGBtPFMlcQkg7NBY4ys2EF\nyriScFLJWR/5lseYMdChQ7rvo23brCV3nMpS1UqixMF0NZF0yKlNktZHvgKZMiWkpc1XIG59OC2J\nalcS2wLnmtmecfkMADP7c6JMTScdcmqXuXML+z7eey9YH2m+D7c+nFqi2kdclzKYrqaTDjm1y0or\nwWabhSmJWYism/R9PPFE+J06dYn1ke/76NIlm/NwnGWl2gfTQYlJh3ychNMcSNC7d5h23bX+trlz\ng6WRUyD/+Q/89a9hvlOnwr6PtdZy68NpPmptnMQ2wOBEc9OZwKKk8zo2Nw01s7vjsjc3OTVH0vrI\n931MnQr9+hX2fbj14VSaavdJlDKYzpMOOS2aOXPSfR+dOhX2fbj14TQVVa0koOHBdLGMJx1yWh2L\nFi3t+8j9TpsWfB+FFEjnzllL7tQSVaskJK0C3AOsBYwHfmhmMwqUGw/MBBYC881sYEp9riScVkPO\n+ig07qNLl8K+jzXXdOvDWZpqVhIXAdPM7CJJpwMrm9kZBcp9CHyrUEC/vHKuJJxWT9L6yFcg06al\n+z7c+mi9VLOSWOyAltSd4JweUKDch8BWZvZ5A/W5knCcIsyZs6TnVb7vo0uXwk1Xbn20fKpZSUw3\ns5XjvIAvcst55T4AviQ0N11vZjek1OdKwnEawaJFMHFiYd/H558H66OQAunUKWvJnaYg08F0kp4C\nuhfYdHZyIYYBT3vDb29mn0haDXhK0mgze6FQQR8n4Tjl06ZNsBjWXBN2263+ttmz64/7ePRR+Mtf\nwrquXdN9H23aZHMuTsPUzDiJ2NxUZ2afSupBCL2xVHNT3j7nArPN7C8Ftrkl4TjNRNL6yPd9fP45\nrLfe0n4Ptz6qk2pubroI+NzMLowxm7rmO64lrQS0NbNZkjoATwK/N7MnC9TnSsJxqoCk9ZFUIGPH\nBusjzffh1kc2VLOSWAW4F1iTRBdYST2BG8xsb0nrAA/EXZYD/mFmF6TU50rCcaqYnPWRb3mMHg1f\nfBGsj3wFsv76bn1UmmpWEj8ABgMDgK0LDZCL5RrMNxHLuZJwnBolZ33kK5D33oNVVlm66WrAAOjT\nx62PpqCalcQAYBFwPXBqyijqBvNNJMq6knCcFsaiRTBhQmHfx/Tp6b6Pjh2zlrx2qNpQ4WY2GoKA\nRRgIjDOz8bHs3cD+wFJKwnGclkebNiFO1Vprwe671982a1Z938e//rXE97HKKoV9H259NI5qTg9f\nSr4Jx3FaIZ06wbe+FaYkixbBxx/XH/eRUyAzZqT7Ptz6SCeLcRJnmdkjJVTh7UeO45RFmzYhQ2Df\nvrDHHvW35ayPXJPVQw+F37FjYdVVC/s+evd266NiSsLMdmu4VFEmAX0Sy30I1kRBfDCd4zjFKMX6\nGD0aRo2CBx8MyzNmBEsjX4HUqvVRM4PpFh9cGgL82szeKLCtwXwTibLuuHYcp8mZObPwuI9x44L1\nkZ+mtn//2rI+qrl304HAFUA3QmymYWa2V3KcRCy3VL6JlPpcSTiO02zkrI9C4z5mzkz3fXTokLXk\n9almJVHqOInxeD4Jx3FqiJz1ka9Axo6F1VZL930U7+xZGapZSTQ4TiKW83wSjuO0CBYurO/7SP7O\nnJnu+6ik9VG1SmLxwYNPoiEl4fkkHMdp0cycWThc+7hxwfpI830sq/XREpSE55NwHKfVsnAhfPRR\nYQUya1awNAr5PlZaqbT6M1USpYyTKEFJ9EjmkwB+USifhCsJx3FaG19+Wdj3MW4crL760rk++veH\nXr3qWx+ZhuVognESmNkn8fczSQ8SQnV40iHHcVo9XbrA1luHKUnS+hg9GkaMgPvuy437GErXrkPp\n1g26dSvtONXQ3JQ2TsLzSTiO4zQhX365pOlq7Fg477wq9UmUMk7C80k4juNUllKam7IaF7gdMBt4\nD3gZ+BGAmU3ODaQzsw+AM4AVgOUJXWYdx3GcZiQrJfEksJGZbUZQFGfmF4j5JK4C9gQ2BA6WtEGz\nStnElBszJQtqQUZwOZsal7NpqRU5SyETJWFmT5lZzjJ4FehdoNjifBJmNh/I5ZOoWWrhxqkFGcHl\nbGpczqalVuQshWoIQ3UM8FiB9YXySfRqFokcx3EcION8EpLOBr4xszsLlHNPtOM4TsZk1gVW0lHA\nT4BdzeyrAtu3AQab2Z5x+UxgkZldWKCsKxTHcZxGUJU5riXtCZwG7FRIQUReB9aT1JeQT+Ig4OBC\nBRs6ScdxHKdxZOWTuBLoCDwlaZikawAk9ZT0bwAzWwCcCDwBjATuKZRwyHEcx6kcmY64dhzHcaqb\naujd1GRIOlXSIkmrZC1LISSdJ+ktScMlPSOpT8N7NT+SLpY0Ksr6gKQuWctUCEk/kPSupIWStsxa\nnnwk7SlptKSxkk7PWp5CSLpZ0hRJI7KWpRiS+kgaEv/vdyT9MmuZ8pG0gqRX4/M9UlLBCBHVgqS2\nsSXnkWLlWoySiC/c3YCPspalCBeZ2WZmtjnwEHBu1gKl0OBgxyphBHAg8HzWguRTQ4NBbyHIWO3M\nB042s42AbYATqu16Rv/qzvH53hTYWdJ3MharGCcRmvKLNie1GCUBXAr8JmshimFmsxKLHYFpWclS\njBIHO2aOmY02s/eyliOFmhgMGkPvT89ajoYws0/NbHicnw2MAnpmK9XSmNncONseaAsUzaqZFZJ6\nA4OAG4GqjN3UpEjaH5hoZm9nLUtDSPqjpI+BI4E/Zy1PCaQNdnSK44NBK0Ts8bgF4QOmqpDURtJw\nYAowxMxGZi1TCpcRepg2GBMvky6wjaHI4LyzCc0huyeLN4tQBWhoEKGZnQ2cLekMwh91dLMKGGmC\nwY7NQilyVineI6QCSOoI/BM4KVoUVUW0wDePfrwnJNWZ2dCMxaqHpH2AqWY2TFJdQ+VrRkmkJTGS\ntDGwNvCWQsql3sAbkgaa2dRmFBEoK9nSnWT4hd6QnHGw4yBg12YRKIWmSF6VEZOAZMeEPgRrwmkk\nktoB9wN3mNlDWctTDDP7Mnbn3woYmrE4+WwH7CdpECHKdmdJt5nZEYUK13xzk5m9Y2ZrmNnaZrY2\n4UHcMgsF0RCS1kss7g8My0qWYiQGO+5fZLBjtVFtAyoXDwaV1J4wGPThjGWqWRS+AG8CRprZ5VnL\nUwhJ3SR1jfMrEjrSVN0zbmZnmVmf+L78EfBsmoKAFqAkClDNZv4FkkbENss64NSM5Umj4GDHakPS\ngZImEHq7/FvS41nLlKNWBoNKuouQ02V9SRMkZdL8WQLbA4cRegwNi1O19crqATwbn+9XgUfM7JmM\nZSqFou9MH0znOI7jpNISLQnHcRyniXAl4TiO46TiSsJxHMdJxZWE4ziOk4orCcdxHCcVVxKO4zhO\nKq4kHKcFIelWSR8kxhKcmLVMTUUMDT9SUi2MPWgx1ExYDsdxSsKAX5vZA4U2SmprZgubWaam4ljg\nx2b2cmMrkLQSMD9G5nVKwC0Jx2l51AtRImmopMsk/Q/4paRvxXWvS/qPpO6x3LcSSbEuziUiknSU\npCsT9T0qaac4v7uklyW9IeleSR3i+vGSBsf1b0vqH9d3lHRLXPeWpP+TdLSkyxL1/0TSpXnn8DvC\nqPRuX/UAAAONSURBVOubJV20DNemPzAmnt+AZain1eBKwnFaFgIujk1Nb8YAmAa0M7OtCSFXrgS+\nZ2ZbEZIO/THuewtwQkyaY6SHazDAJHUjRGHe1cy+BbwBnJIo81lcfy3w67j+t8B0M9s0JrV6FrgX\n2DcmagI4ihCnackBzf5AiId1iJk1Om+MmQ0jJAQaDdwo6YWoBDs0ts6Wjjc3OU7LYqnmphgd+Z64\nOADYCHg6rm8LTI6hrbuY2Yux3O3AXkWOI0LMrA2Bl2Nd7QlxoHLkZHgT+L84vysh2GEQ1mxGlPFZ\ngqIYTVBo7xY57jIRQ4zfBNwUs9vdBPwVqMo0vVnjSsJxWh6FXqRzEtveNbPt6u0Qo5em1LGA+q0O\nKyTmnzKzQ1Lk+Dr+LqT+u6aQfDcSrJJRwM0p9UGwYAYC18fl3wHfBvYmKMitCErJCFF3h7EkTfCx\nZvYmLE5cdCQhCurwWI9TAFcSjtM6yL2YxwCrSdrGzF6JORrWM7ORkmZI2t7MXgIOTew7Hvh5DNfd\nm5Ca1YBXgKslrWtm78cmm55mNraIHE8BJwAnQ1BOZjbDzF6LKTW3ADYpdiJm9losl+MR4JzE8uZ5\nuyzOPRGVw43AqgRltJ2ZVX361ixxn4TjtDwK+RIMwMy+Ab4PXBhDWg8Dto1ljia89OvlQIhNUB8S\nQp7/leB7wMymEfwHd0l6i9DU1D/l2DmZzgdWzguZn+Ne4EUz+7Kcky2TBcAZZraFmV3pCqJhPFS4\n4zhLIWkt4FEzK/pV38THfAS41MyGNNcxnYZxS8JxnEKIZkrgJamrpDHAXFcQ1YdbEo7jOE4qbkk4\njuM4qbiScBzHcVJxJeE4juOk4krCcRzHScWVhOM4jpOKKwnHcRwnFVcSjuM4TiquJBzHcZxUXEk4\njuM4qbiScBzHcVJxJeE4juOk4krCcRzHScWVhOM4jpOKKwnHcRwnFVcSjuM4TiquJBzHcZxUXEk4\njuM4qbiScBzHcVJxJeE4juOk4krCcRzHScWVhOM4jpOKKwnHcRwnFVcSjuM4TiquJBzHcZxUXEk4\njuM4qbiScBzHcVJxJeE4juOk4krCcRzHScWVhOM4jpOKKwnHcRwnFVcSjuM4TiquJBzHcZxUXEk4\njuM4qbiScBzHcVJxJeE4juOk4krCcRzHScWVhOM4jpOKKwnHcRwnFVcSjuM4TiquJBzHcZxUXEk4\njuM4qfw/WG7FB0YOBAAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fc30d372dd0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3f5724410>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -405,9 +404,9 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import arange,sinc,sin,pi\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,sinc,sin,pi,cos\n",
     "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,grid,title,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,grid,title,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "#Caption:Frequency response of duobinary conversion filter\n",
@@ -441,7 +440,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -450,7 +449,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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KOOOpmX1lZgMKa5aKy9KlcMQRbg7Xc86JW00gDs44w00p2Leva2JaTjzxBNx5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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fc1e165f590>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f88fc7750d0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter7.ipynb b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter7.ipynb
index f83a2952..3fc2f580 100755..100644
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter7.ipynb
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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y+9k+0EdYC3DVohB5w8fe8WHqA0GCeoCylQNdpzHoZ99YmiWNEYbTZXRV4tN0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\nMVMEDMMwerH/AGh7YG2JCpsXAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa91c2c7d50>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa55c4e1c50>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 140,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb1828c2f90>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fcab6354f10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 131,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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/XfKGbwAsyPtuaeB0YCzwbN7/ZgFwEvB2jOEKQMnlIBxgZ8b4eiV+Oxo4tsC8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\nzjmXyv8Dg9CmkODLrqIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb182a9ab90>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f2c4eca9c10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -253,8 +253,8 @@
     "phi2 = [sin(2*pi*t22)*sin((pi/(2*Tb))*t22) for t22 in t2]\n",
     "teta_0 = [0,pi]\n",
     "teta_tb = [pi/2,-pi/2]\n",
-    "S1 = []\n",
-    "S2 = []\n",
+    "S1 = [];s1 = []\n",
+    "S2 = [];s2 = []\n",
     "for i in range(0,M):\n",
     "  s1.append(cos(teta_0[i]))\n",
     "  s2.append(-sin(teta_tb[i]))\n",
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 101,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -329,6 +329,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "\n",
     "\n",
     "bk = [1,0,0,1,0,0,1,1]##input digital sequence\n",
     "bk_not=[]\n",
@@ -378,7 +381,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 82,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -397,7 +400,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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27cvgwYO59tprKy2brkN7HnzwwezevZtly5aF573//vv8+Mc/Dr9OtaE9JY50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\nAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb18280cf90>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa400160c50>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -436,7 +439,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -445,7 +448,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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xxx8Z4ZdeekkrVKigmzZtyt9KXgY4e74IQC/aXYCCQG6GxZKAGiISLSIFgd7A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\naYPAq666it69e2eylOvQoQO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1ttm2X467p2+Gt28fvPCCr6XJFX7ZngGKacvgxR3DhMeA\nKUA94Fpgiqo+7k7mIhIrIptFZKuIDM/m+l0i8ouIbBCRVSJSz9206SxaZBlSNWkC69a5I5X/ISL8\nX9P/Y16vefT/tD8vfPeC03mimkWL8mK1aty5aRNnUlPzWVIfUagQzJtnKaPPP/e1NAaDwYN4zW2P\niBQAtgA3A3uAH4E4VU12iNMS2KSqx0QkFnhWVVu4k9ZOnzEnNHcuDBkCr7wCffp4pUr5wu7ju+nx\nUQ+qlKhCQteEbOeJVJXbN26kauHCvHo57cWzapXlUWHVKrhczNUNBi8QaHNCeaUZsE1Vd6jqeaz9\niLo4RlDV71X1mB38Aajsbtqs3H47LF8Ozz0X2PNElUtUZkX8CiIKR9DinRbZzhOJCG/XqsXcAwcu\nH2/bAK1aWTe4a1drLZHBYAh4vKmEKgF/OYR32+ecMQBrvikvaQG45hpYuzbw54kKhRbi7U5vc3/T\n+2k1vRVfbr14Cs4bZtsBMe4+aBBcd53l3sfPLSMDoj0DBNOWwYs764Q6i+Rpq1C33xAi0gboD6TP\n/eT57RIZ+e88UdOm8NNPec3Jt4gIQ5oOYV6vedz72b2M/W7sRfNEbSIjuadcOQZs2ZLjWqOgQQRe\nfx327Ak4QwWDwXAxoW7E6Q1MEJG5wHRVddcd9B6gikO4ClaPJhO2McLbQKyqHslNWoD4+Hiio6MB\niIiIoEGDBsTExDB2LBQqlEibNvDGGzHcffe/X1PpOzQGSnjtvWvp8VEPFi9dzIhWI7i13a0Z129K\nS2NpiRK8uXcvdbZuvaTy0s/5ur5uhefNI7F+fQgJIWbECN/Lk004/Zy/yBPI4ZiYGL+SJ9DCiYmJ\nJCQkAGS8L/0FtwwTRKQkEAfEY/VS3gVmqarTgXkRCcUyLrgJ2IvldSGrYUJV4BvgblVdk5u0drwc\nF6v+9ps1hdCpE7z0EoS6o3b9kLMXzjL0i6Gs3r2aBb0XUKP0vxPzW1JSuH79ehIbNKBusWI+lDKf\nWbkSunc3hgoGQy4JOMME23hgLjAHqAh0A9aLyAMu0lwAhgJLgE3AHFVNFpFBIjLIjvY0EAm8KSLr\nRWStq7R5qeA118CPP0JyMtxyS2DPE03tNJVhzYZdtJ6oVtGivHDllZdstp3+5RQwXH89jB7tt4YK\nAdeefoxpy+DFnTmhLiLyCZAIhAFNVbUD1rqhh12lVdUvVbWWqlZX1Rfsc1NUdYr9/72qWlpVG9pH\nM1dp80pkpLW8pEULa/H9hg2XkpvvEBEGNxnM/N7z6f9pf15e/XLGXNCAChWoXqQII//808dS5jOD\nB1sTgP36+b2hgsFguBh3fMfNAKap6kUun0XkZlVd6i3hciIvvuNmzYIHHoApU6yRnEBl17FddJ3d\nlWvKXsPUTlMpHFqYw+fPUz8piXdq1aJ9qVK+FjH/OHMGbrzR6hGNNHswGgw5EWjDcfuzKqD0rb99\nqYDySlwcfPmltZZo9OjAdUdWtWRVVvZfydnUs9yYcCN7T+z912x782YOXC7etgEKF4b58y1np1/6\njUcpg8HgBu4ooVuyOXerpwXJT5o0sdYTLV4MvXpBoO6eXTSsKLN7zKZzzc40e7sZa/espU1kJHeX\nK0f/PJhtB/S4e6VKMGeO5eh0m2tHsPlFQLenn2HaMnhxqoREZIiI/ArUEpFfHY4dQIDOqvxL+fKQ\nmGjtDtCqFezc6WuJ8oaI8GTrJ3nj1jfo+GFHZm6YyRjb2/abl5O3bYAbboBnn7WG5U6e9LU0BoPB\nDZzOCdlm2ZHAi1iLSNPHD0+oql/4ivHEfkKqMHEijBsHH31kvccCld/++Y0us7vQo3YP4ls+xY2/\nbLj8zLZV4d574fhx64ZeLvsuGQy5wJ/mhFwpoRKqelxESpONBwNVPext4XLCk5vaffWV5fh0zBgY\nONAjWfqEQymH6DW3F4UKFCL2hklM23+YtY0bUyjEmx6a/Ix0Q4Vu3cBeyGowGP7Fn5SQqzfTLPvv\nOidHUNGunbX28dVXrX3UAtUBaumipVl812Kql6rOGwtvo3yBVEa6uT120Iy7Fy5sbf3w2mvWxJ+P\nCJr29ANMWwYvTpWQqt5m/41W1SuzHvknYv5RowasWQN//gnt28PBg76WKG+EFQjjtQ6v8WjLR1iX\neCfv7/uLJYd93nHNXypX9jtDBYPBcDGuhuMauUqoqj53DerJ4ThHUlPhiSfg449h4ULL60KgsnLX\nSrp8+SwXaj1OcovWVCxc2Nci5S9vvAFvvQXffw/FL96byWC4HPGn4ThXSigRF96sVbWNl2RyG28p\noXRmzoSHHoJ33oEuLncz8m92HdtF868noyXr80dMV4qFFfG1SPmHKgwYYLn1MYYKBgMQIEooEPC2\nEgLL71y3bpZ3mCefDNx32PGzJ6nx7QLCTm5h7S1DqBhe8aI4jh6fg4ozZ6B1a+jRA4Y73Sne4wRt\nexvXB7IAACAASURBVPoA05aexZ+UkKt1Qm3tvz1EpHvWI/9E9C1Nm1oLWz/7DO64A1JSfC1R3ihR\nqDg/39iT46VuoN7s/qzds9bXIuUf6YYKEyf61FDBYDBcjKvhuNGq+oyIJJC9iXY/L8uWI/nRE0rn\nzBnLdPu332DBAqhaNV+K9TjfHDnC7b+uh58G81rbp7m73t2+Fin/WLECeva0tn6oXt3X0hgMPsOf\nekJmOC4XqMIrr8DLL1tGC61a5VvRHmX0jh0s+mc3h9b0o2ft7oy9aSwFQgr4Wqz84c03rZ1Z16yx\n3GUYDJch/qSE3NnKoYyITLL3+/lJRCbaC1gvO0TgkUdg+nRrnmjaNF9LlDdGRUVRomBxusd+yo97\nf6Tz7M4cO3Ps8liLMXiwtQ9Rnz5e9157WbRnPmHaMnhxZxn9bOAfoDtwO3AAa3O7y5bYWPjuO/jf\n/+DBB+HCBV9LlDsKiPBB7dp8ePAoj902hysjrqTFtBbsPpbtDurBhYjlbfvgQcuNusFg8Cnu7Cf0\nm6pek+Xcr6p6bY6Zi8QCE4ACwDuqOi7L9auxtgpvCDypqi87XNsBHAdSgfOOG945xMnX4bisHD1q\nGSukplrrIgNtC59vjhzhruRk1jVuzKLfZvDU8qeY2W0mt1yVneP0IGP/fsvqZMKEwN5YymDIAwE1\nHAd8JSJxIhJiH72Br3JKJCIFgNeBWKAOECcitbNEOwQMA8Znk4UCMVl3XPUnIiKsHVvr14fmzWHT\nJl9LlDvaRkYyuGJF7ty0if4N7+Xjnh9zz4J7mLhmYq63gQg4ypWz9iAaNAh+/dXX0hgMly2uTLRP\nisgJ4D7gA+CcfcwC3HHx2QzYpqo7VPU81rBepiWfqnpAVZMAZ57a/EJTu6JAARg/Hp56CmJiYNEi\nX0uUO0ZFRVFAhOd27iTtzzS+H/A903+ezoCFAzh74ayvxfMuTZpYzgK7dgUvuDUy8xiew7Rl8OLK\nd1xxVQ23jxBVDbWPEFV1x6yoEvCXQ3i3fc5dFFgqIkkicl8u0vmEe+6xXPwMHmxtCxEoHYn0+aFp\n+/ax9tgxoiOiWdV/FcfOHqPNjDb8ffJvX4voXe6+27Iy6d078Cb3DIYgINSdSCISCdQAMhyPZd3y\nOxsu9TXcSlX3icgVwNcisllVv8saKT4+nujoaAAiIiJo0KBBxsrq9K+n/AqfOZPIq6/C//4Xw4YN\ncM89iRQqlH/lX0p4Vp06dHn/faouWcId7dvzcc+P6T+xP/WG12PxqMU0qtDIr+T1aPjFF+G220iM\ni4P77/dY/unnfF6/IAjHxMT4lTyBFk5MTCQhIQEg433pL7hjmHAf8ABQBVgPtAC+V9W2OaRrATyr\nqrF2eCSQltU4wb72DHDS0TDBneu+NkxwxunT1r5qW7ZYC1srV/a1RO7x6l9/MXP/flY1bEjhAta6\noXmb5jH488G83uF1el/T28cSepEjR6BZM2tc9Z57fC2NweBVAs0w4UGs+Z0dttPShsAxN9IlATVE\nJFpECgK9gYVO4mZqDBEpKiLh9v/FgHZAwMweFyliOT/t2dMyWFizxtcSuUeDbduoXqQIQ7duzTjX\no04PlvZZyvClwxn1zSjS1Ltra3xGZKT1xfDII5bDQA+Q/iVquHRMWwYv7iihM6p6GkBECqvqZqBW\nTolU9QIwFFgCbALmqGqyiAwSkUF2fuVF5C/gIWCUiOwSkeJAeeA7EfkZ+AFYpKo5WuT5EyKWr8wp\nU6BzZ5gxw9cS5YyIMK1WLVYfP847e/dmnK9fvj5r71vLip0r6DanGyfOnvChlF6kbl14+23LZPvv\nIJ8LMxj8BHeG4z4B+mP1iG4CjgChqnqr98Vzjb8Ox2UlOdlSRJ07W0YLoW7NxPmOzadOccPPP/PF\ntdfStESJjPPnUs8x7IthrPprFQvjFlItspoPpfQio0db+71/8w0UKvT/7Z15XFTl/vjfH3ZQNhEw\nTcFy34JEKzU10rJFrSxNzUr7lpV163frlnWvWvdmpbdueq3Mrku2aZaatlhqSrlkLqBiLqik4oZL\nAqKALM/vj2egCQEHmGFm4Hm/Xuc1c86c85wPx+P5nOezOlsag8HuuJI5rlK140SkNxAEfKeUuuAo\noWzFXZQQ6AjgIUN0SPf8+TrHyJVZePIkz+zbx+bOnWno41OyXSnF9M3T+eeP/+TTQZ8S37xC16B7\nUlQEd98NYWHw/vvu27/DYCgHV1JCtpjjEJHOIvIU0Ak47AoKyN1o0ACWLYM2bbSfaM8eZ0t0MdZ2\n90Hh4QyOiGD4rl0UWil6EeHxLo/z6aBPGbZwGO9sfKf2JbZ6eGj76S+/6PYPVcT4MeyHuZa1F1sK\nmI4HPgAaAA2BOSIyzsFy1Uq8vHSVmOefh+uv10rJlXm1eXMuKMVLBw5c9Ft883jWP7Se6Zun8+jX\nj3KhsJa9lwQG6iZSkyfDt986WxqDodZii08oBeiklMq1rPsD25RSrWpAvgpxJ3Ncadat09FzzzwD\nf/2r61p8Tly4QNyWLUxt0YI7w8Mv+v1s3lnuW3wfZ3LOsHDwQsLrXbyPW/Pzz7q3+6pV0KHDpfc3\nGNwAdzPHHQH8rdb90NUPDNWge3cduv3JJ/DAA7ppnisS4ePDovbteSQlheTs7It+D/QNZPGQxfSM\n6knXmV3ZdnybE6R0INddp0v79O8PJ044WxqDodZRUe24aSIyDZ0T9KuIfGDpsroD2/KEDJegWTNY\nuxby8qBXL7CKinYK5dnd44KCmNqiBQN37ODUhYvNbh7iwSvxr/D6ja/T56M+LNy50MGS1jDDh/9R\n3qcSbwvGj2E/zLWsvVQ0E9qCTjhdDLwIrLYsfwe+dLxodYOAAB0tN3CgDliwU56k3RkWGck94eEM\n3rmT/HKawQ3pMITv7/uevy7/Ky8lvFS7EltffhkaN9Y93t3UBGwwuCI2hWiLiC9Q7APabamK7XTc\n2SdUFkuWwMMPa+vP8OHOluZiCpViQHIyV/j7M61ly3L3S89O564Fd9GofiPm3jGX+j71a1BKB3L+\nPPTsCYMGwQsvOFsag6HKuJVPyJIblAK8Y1n2ikgvB8tVJyn2f48fryPoCgudLdGf8RTh03btWPH7\n73+qqFCayPqRrLp/FcG+wXSf3Z0DGQdqTkhHEhCg3xTefVf3IjIYDNXGlsCE/wA3KaV6KqV6ouu4\nveVYseouHTrAxo2wZQvccgucPl1z57bF7h7s5cXSjh158bffWJuRUe5+vl6+zBowi1Exo7h25rWs\nTF1pR0mdSJMmusbc6NGQmFjhrsaPYT/Mtay92KKEvJRSJamVSqkUbGwBYagaYWHw3XcQE6M7UCcl\nOVuiP9MqIIAP27Rh8M6dHKrAUS8iPHXtU8wbNI8Ri0cwed3k2pHY2rmzLgo4cCAcNoGiBkN1sCVP\naA5QCHyMrnY9HPBQSo1yvHgVU9t8QmWxYAGMGaP9RPfd52xp/sybaWnMPX6ctbGxBF2iIF5aZhqD\nFgwiKiSK2QNmE+hrS19EF+ff/4aPPoI1ayA42NnSGAw240o+IVuUkC+6GnZ3y6Y1wLtKKaf3fq4L\nSghgxw4dHXzrrbqVuLe3syXSKKV4LCWFg3l5fNWhA14eFU+scwtyeeLbJ/j58M8sHrKYVmFOz3eu\nHkrBk0/qGkzffANWNfYMBlfGlZRQhU8NEfFCV0d4Uyl1l2V5yxUUUF2iQwcdur1/P/TpA+npjjlP\nZe3uIsK0li0pUoq/7Nt3SVObn5cf/+v/P5665il6zO7B0j3ltZdyE0R0bbmAAB3WWOrvN34M+2Gu\nZe2lQiVk6Qm0R0SiakgeQzmEhMDSpXDDDRAX5zqN8rw9PFjQvj1rMjOZYoN/RER4pPMjLB26lDHf\njmHC6gnunU/k6Qnz5sHu3fDSS86WxmBwO2wxx61Bd1PdCJyzbFZKqQEOlu2S1BVzXGm++goeeghe\neUXnTroCB3Nz6ZaYyDstW3JHGTXmyuJ49nEGfz6YQN9APr7zY0L9Qx0spQM5cUKX+HnxRf2PYzC4\nMK5kjrNFCRXnBFkLrJRSP15ycJF+wBTAE5iplJpU6vc2wBy0kvu7UupNW4+17FMnlRBASor2E3Xr\nBtOmgZ+fsyWCTVlZ3JqczLKOHYmzaoZXEfmF+Ty7/Fm+2fsNi4cspmNkRwdL6UBSUnQy69y5cPPN\nzpbGYCgXV1JCFdWO8xeR/wcMBtoA65RSCZbFFgXkCbwN9APaAUNFpG2p3U4DTwJvVOHYOk2rVtok\nl5Ghn3sHD1Z/zOra3bsEBfF+q1YM3LGDgzbWWPP29GbqLVN5qfdLxH8Yz7zkedWSwam0agULF8KI\nEbB1q/Fj2BFzLWsvFfmE5gKdge3ArZRSFDbQFdinlDpgKfMzHxhovYNS6qRSajNQugzQJY816JY3\nCxbojq1du+oALWdzZ3g4f2valH7bt5dZ7LQ87ut0HytGrGDc6nE8/s3j5BW4aexL9+4wfTrcdpvz\nK9IaDG5ARUqorVLqPqXUDGAQ0LOSYzcB0qzWD1u2OfrYOoWI7km0aBE8+qh2SRQUVG2s3r1720Wm\np5s2ZWBYGLcnJ3OuErWHYhrFsOWRLRzPPk6POT347cxvdpGnxhk0CP7xD3qPHw/HjztbmlqBve5N\ng+tRUYZhyaNMKVUgle+6Vh1njc3HPvjgg0RHRwMQEhJCTExMyQ1bPIWvC+vdu8O0aQm88gqsX9+b\nefNgzx7nyfPaFVdwy4cfEr91K2tHjsTbw8Pm4xcOXsiUDVO4+sWr+dt1f+PF+1+scfmrvf7YYyRs\n3gzdu9N7yxYICXEt+cx6nVpPSEjggw8+ACh5XroK5QYmiEghcN5qkz+QY/mulFIVep5F5FrgJaVU\nP8v6C0BROQEGE4Ds4sAEW4+ty4EJ5VFYqKPmZszQDfNuuMH2YxMSEkpuYHuQX1TEnTt20MDbmw/a\ntMGjki8y69PWc+8X9zK0w1Am3jgRLw/3qhaVsHo1vZcs0YUAv/9e5xMZqoS97826jlsEJiilPJVS\ngVaLl9V3W0KfNgMtRSRaRHyAIUB52YmlL0ZljjVY4ekJEyboAK1hw2DiRCin/Y/DKc4h2puTw9jU\n1Eof361pNxJHJ7ItfRvxc+M5etbNfCwi8J//QHQ0DB4M+S7RAcVgcCls6idU5cFFbuGPMOtZSqnX\nRGQ0gFJqhog0AjYBQUARcBZop5TKLuvYMsY3M6EKOHJEBy0EBuoSZw0bOkeO0/n5XJ+UxKhGjXi2\nWbNKH1+kinh1zau8u+ldPrrzI2684kYHSOlA8vN1PH1oqH478LClbrDB4DhcaSbkUCXkaIwSujT5\n+TpYYcECndjfrZtz5EjLzaXn1q0837QpjzapWozJqt9Wcd+i+xjdeTT/6PkPPD087SylAzl/XucO\nxcbqUj+V97EaDHbDlZSQeSWr5Xh762LP06bpl/GJE8tvllfsyHQETf38WHnVVUw8dIi5VYwYi28e\nz+ZHNvPToZ+I/zCetMy0Sx/kRP50PQMCdKmLdet0x0Lz8lQpHHlvGpyLUUJ1hAEDtH98xQro21eb\n6mqaK/39WdGpE2NTU1lw4kSVxmgc2Jjl9y3nlha3EPe/OBbvWmxnKR1ISAgsX66DFMaPd7Y0BoNL\nYMxxdYzCQnj1VXjnHfjf/6B//5qXYVt2Njdt28bM1q3pXw1H1YbDGxi2cBj9WvTjzZvexN/b345S\nOpCTJ6F3b7j3Xhg3ztnSGOogrmSOM0qojrJuHQwfrmdIkyfXfO25TVlZ3JaczMdt23JTgwZVHicz\nN5PRX4/m15O/Mn/QfNpHtLejlA7k+HGtiEaNgueec7Y0hjqGKykhY46ro3TvrtuGHz0K11wDu3bV\nrN29S1AQi9q3575du/ju9OkqjxPsF8y8QfP467V/pffc3szYPMNlWohXeD0bNYIffoD334cpU2pM\nJnfF+IRqL0YJ1WFCQ+Hzz+GJJ3QR1CVLatZf3iMkhC87dOD+3bv5+tSpKo8jIoyMHcnakWt5b8t7\nDFowiJPnTtpRUgfRpAmsWqWj5aZOdbY0BoNTMOY4A6B7so0YAWFhMHs2NG5cc+femJVF/+RkZrRq\nZXMvovLIK8hj3OpxfLz9Y2bcPoP+rZ3g9Koshw7BjTfqPkRjxzpbGkMdwJjjDC5Hmzawfr3uyxYb\nC599VnPn7hoUxLJOnXg0JYXPqxg1V4yvly+T+07ms7s/46nvnuL/lv4fZ/PO2klSB9GsGfz4o05k\nnTDBhG8b6hRGCRlKWLcugQkT4Ouv9bNw2DD4/feaOffVgYF8f9VV/GXfPj5NT6/2eNdHXc+2R7cB\ncNV7V7Hm4Jpqj1lZKuXHaNxYK6LFi00eURkYn1DtxSghw0V06QKJiRAeDlddpVNbaoKr6tdn5VVX\n8dz+/bxjh0SmQN9AZg6YydR+UxnyxRCeX/G8a/cpioiA1au1n+ipp5xX9M9gqEGMT8hQIStX6iji\n22+HSZN0HTpH81tODjdt387QiAhejo6mCm1ELuLkuZOM/no0e3/fy5yBc4hrHGcHSR1EZibccgu0\nbq2j57y9nS2RoZZhfEIGt6FPH9i+HXJzoUMHWLbM8eds7u/PuthYvj19mkdTUii0w4tGeL1wFg5e\nyNjuY7nt09t4bsVz5OTnXPpAZxAcrEtbpKfDHXfAuXPOlshgcBhGCRlKKM/uHhKiI+ZmzoTHH4f7\n74dqpPbYRISPD6tjYtifk8PgX38ltxIdWstDRBjeaTjJjyVzKPMQnd7rxE8Hf7KDtGVTLT9GvXo6\nZj48XEfOVSOEvTZgfEK1F6OEDDbTty8kJ+v8og4ddI6RI62hgV5efNOpE14i3Lx9O6ft1I8nol4E\n8++ezxt932DYwmE8/s3jZOVl2WVsu+LtDXPm6M6EPXrAwYPOlshgsDvGJ2SoEuvX67SWNm10HTpH\n5hUVKcULqaksOnWKrzt2pLUdO5Rm5Gbw7PJnWb5/Oe/d/h63trzVbmPblalT4Y03dCXumBhnS2Nw\nc4xPyOD2dOumy/60bw+dOsF//wsFBY45l4cIk668krHNmtEzKYlVZ87YbewQvxBmDpjJ7IGzeXLZ\nk9y94G4OZx222/h246mndJfWvn3hyy+dLY3BYDccqoREpJ+I7BaRvSLyfDn7/Nfy+zYRibXafkBE\ntotIkohsdKScBk1l7e5+fvDKK/DTTzq9pUsX2LDBMbIBPHTZZcxv146hO3cy86h9W333uaIPOx7b\nQfvw9sS8F8Ob698kv7B65j+7+zHuuQe+/VbXWZo0qU7lEhmfUO3FYUpIRDyBt4F+QDtgqIi0LbXP\nrUALpVRL4BFgutXPCuitlIpVSnV1lJyG6tOunU5tefZZuOsueOQRxwUu3BAayprYWCanpfFESgoX\n7JhL4+/tz8s3vMzPD/3M8tTldH6/M2sPrbXb+HahWNN/9hmMHAl5Lpz3ZDDYgCNnQl2BfUqpA0qp\nfGA+MLDUPgOAuQBKqV+AEBGJtPrdJWyWdYXevXtX+VgR3Rpi5049Q2rXDmbNcky+ZauAADZefTVp\neXn02rqVw7m5dh2/ZVhLvhv+HeN6juPeL+5l1JJRpGdXvopDda5nhVx+OaxZA1lZOnLu2DHHnMeF\ncNi1NDgdRyqhJoB1/+XDlm227qOAlSKyWUQedpiUBrsSEqL9Q8uWaSUUF6er0dj9PN7eLO7QgQFh\nYXRNTCTBjn4i0I7be9rfw64xu2jg34D277Zn0tpJ5BbYV+FVmXr14IsvtI8oLk7bRA0GN8TLgWPb\narAub7bTQyl1VETCgRUislspdVEBsAcffJDo6GgAQkJCiImJKXlrKrYjm3Xb1qdMmWK363f11TBx\nYgKrV8P99/cmLg7uuiuBJk3sJ+9PP/7IdUBcp07cu3MnAw8fZkhEBPE33GDX6/PGTW8wuvNoRk4d\nyZT5U5j2+DQGtR3EjxbtWhPXs8z1n36CXr3ofc01cM89JNx1FwweTG87//2usG7tE3IFedxtPSEh\ngQ8++ACg5HnpMiilHLIA1wLfWa2/ADxfap/3gHut1ncDkWWMNQF4poztymA/Vq9e7ZBxz59XauJE\npcLClHr2WaUyMux/joM5Oeq6LVtU361b1dHcXPufwMIPqT+oTtM7qetnX682H9lc4b6Oup5lcuCA\nUnFxSt19t1KZmTV33hqiRq9lHcDy7HTY878yiyPNcZuBliISLSI+wBBgaal9lgL3A4jItUCGUipd\nRAJEJNCyvR5wE5DsQFkNOM7u7u8PL74IO3bAmTO6JNrUqfb1qTfz8+OnmBi6BQURu3kzXzmowkB8\n83gSH0lkRKcR3D7vdoYvGs7+3/eXua+jrmeZREVpP1HDhroXhyPDFJ1AjV5LQ83iSA0H3ALsAfYB\nL1i2jQZGW+3ztuX3bcDVlm1XAFsty47iY8sYv3qvAwansHWrUrffrlSzZkrNmqVUfr59x19z5oyK\nWr9ejdmzR50rKLDv4FZk5Wapfyb8U4VNClOjvxqtDmcedti5KsWiRUpFRir18sv2v7iGWgEuNBMy\nFRMMJSQkJNToG+f69XqGdPw4/OtfMGgQeNhpbp6Rn8+YvXv5JSuLWW3a0CskxD4Dl8Hp86eZtG4S\nMxNn8lDsQ4ztMZawgLAav55/4uhRXeQvJwc+/hiaN3eOHHbCqdeyFmIqJhgM6KoLq1fraLpJk3SQ\n1+LF9gnrDvH25pN27fhPixYM37mTx1JSyHJQSYewgDAm951M8mPJnL1wltZvt2bcqnFk5mY65Hw2\n0bixbgR11106t+idd0x/IoNLYmZCBpdAKV00+pVXdNuIF16AIUPAyw7xmxn5+Ty7fz8rzpzh3Vat\nuC0srPqDVsD+3/czad0kFu5ayKiYUTzT7Rka1W/k0HNWyK5dutCfp6cuhd66tfNkMbgErjQTMkrI\n4FIopV/gJ07UFqXnn9dWJV/f6o+98vffeXzvXtoEBDClRQuu8Pev/qAVkJaZxhvr3+Cj7R8xrOMw\nnuv+HM2Cmzn0nOVSWAjvvgsvvwzPPKMXHx/nyGJwOq6khIw5zlCCdS6GsxCBm2/WuZezZ+t8zCuv\nhNdeq34poD4NGpDcpQvdgoLoumUL43/7jfN26FNUHvuT9jP1lqnsGrOL+j71iZ0Ry/BFw9l0ZJPD\nzlkunp7w5JOwebOOoqvJvu12wBXuTYNjMErI4LL07Anffw9ffw0pKdCiBTz6qC4NVFV8PTwYGxVF\nUlwcKefP02bjRuYcO2aX7q3lEVk/ktf7vM7+v+yn82Wduefze+g+uzuf//o5BUUOKj1eHtHR8M03\nMHmy7lB4xx2QmlqzMhgMVhhznMFtSE+H996D6dN1S50nn4R+/fRLflVZn5nJ2NRUTufn8+oVVzAg\nLAwRx1opCooKWLJ7CW9teIu0rDTGdBnDyJiRhNcLd+h5LyI3F956C958E0aN0rZPB/vLDK6BK5nj\njBIyuB15eTBvnlZIR47o5+eoUTpfsyoopfj2998Zm5pKkKcn46OjuSk01OHKCGDTkU28veltluxe\nws0tbubhqx8mvnk8HlKDRoojR3SM/BdfwNNP66V+/Zo7v6HGcSUlZMxxhhLcxe7u6wsPPqiLAnzz\nja7C0LmznhV98QVcuFC58USE28LC2BoXx5gmTXhm3z66bNnCopMnKarGS44t17NLky7MvWMuB54+\nQM9mPXlm+TO0nNaS19a8xpGsI1U+d6Vo0kRr9A0btK2zRQs9O8rOrpnz24C73JuGymOUkMGtKe7q\nmpYGI0bA22/DZZfpnkYJCZVLjfEUYVhkJNu7dGFcdDSvHzpEh02bmHn0qEMDGEB3eB3TdQxbR29l\n3qB5pJ5JpeP0jsTPjWdm4kzO5Ni3SniZtGgBn36qHXEbN+oE1/Hj4eRJx5/bUGcx5jhDrSMtDebP\n18/Tkyfh3nv10rmzjr6zFaUUqzIymHr4MOszM3mwUSMeb9LE4aHdxeQW5PLt3m/5NPlTVqSuIL55\nPMM6DOPWlrdSz6ee4wXYtw/eeAMWLIBhw3QgQ7t2jj+vweG4kjnOKCFDrWbnTu0/mj9f+5IGDICB\nA6FXr8qlyfyWk8P0o0eZc/w4cYGBPBAZycCGDfGvTlREJcjMzWTRrkXM2zGPDYc30Cu6FwNbD6R/\nq/5E1o+89ADV4dgxnWNUnOj66KO6EoPJM3JbjBKyE0YJ2ZfaXJ9LKV04YMkSvezZo31It90GffpA\nIxsLGpwvLGTxqVN8ePw4m86eZVB4OPdHRtI9OBiPUtMsR13PjNwMlu1dxpd7vuT7fd/TPqI9/Vv1\np+8VfYm9LNZxQQ35+fDllzo8cedOPb0cPlzXW3JwEEdtvjedgVFCdsIoIftSl/6jHzsGX30F332n\n69c1baqblPbtC9dfrxuXXoojeXl8kp7OR+npnM7P546GDbmzYUN6h4Tg7eFRI9czryCPVb+tYtm+\nZaxIXcGp86e4sfmN9L2iL32v7Ou4Cg179sAnn2ibp6enVkaDB+uZkgMUUl26N2sCo4TshFFCBntQ\nUKALCaxcCStWQGIidOwI3bvrpVs3iIioeIyU8+dZfOoUi0+eJCUnh34NGnBTaCh9QkO53M+vZv4Q\ndKmgFakrWJG6gpWpKwn0CaR7s+50b6qX9hHt7TtTUkoHMXzyCSxaBAEB0L+/Xnr0sE/xP4PdMUrI\nThglZHAE587p5+q6dbrdxM8/615x3brp4IaYGL0EBZV9/JG8PL49fZqVZ87ww5kzhPv40Dc0lF4h\nIVwXFERjexTCs4EiVcSeU3tYl7ZOL4fWcfL8Sa69/FriLovj6suuJvayWKKCo+yTE6UUbN0KS5fq\nJTVVl72Ij4cbboAOHezXq8NQLeqMEhKRfsAUwBOYqZSaVMY+/0U3vzsPPKiUSqrEsUYJ2RFj8iib\noiLtAvn5Zz1L2roVkpO1Hyk2Viuk9u21JerKK//w1yckJNCzVy+2Zmez4swZ1mZm8nNmJgGefkl0\nxAAACqRJREFUnlwXFMS1QUHEBQbSsV49Qry9a+RvOXHuBOvT1pN4LJHEY4kkHU8iJz+HmEYxxDaK\npUNEB9o0bEObhm0I9Q+t3smOHdNx8qtX688zZ/TUsksXvcTFQYMGNg1l7k37UieUkIh4oruq9gGO\nAJuAoUqpXVb73Ao8oZS6VUSuAaYqpa615VjL8UYJ2ZEpU6bw9NNPO1sMt6CwUNez27oVkpJ00MOe\nPXDoEDRrBm3aQHb2FO6992maNdPVHKKiwN9fsS8nhw1ZWfyclUVSdjY7zp2jgZcXnerXp2O9erSv\nV48W/v5c6edHmLe3wys3pGenk3Q8iaRjSew6tYvdp3az+9Ru/L39tUIKa0PLsJZEBUcRFRJFdEg0\n4QHhlZfr8GE9tdy0SS+JiRAerjV527Y6/LttW63NS4XBm3vTvriSEnKkwbYrsE8pdQBAROYDAwFr\nRTIAmAuglPpFREJEpBHQ3IZjDXYmIyPD2SK4DZ6e+nnZti0MHfrH9gsXYP9+2L0b3n47g40b4fPP\n4eBBnb9Uv77QrFkAUVEBNGnSiNsi4cFIBY1yOVOUzfGCcyzOPsWBCznsy8lBgVZI/v5E+fnR2MeH\nJr6+NPbxobGvL5f5+FQ7TDyyfiT9WvSjX4t+JduUUhzLPlaikPae3sv6tPUczDzIgYwD5OTn0Cy4\nGVEhUVweeDmR9SOJrBdJo/qN/vQ9xC/kD2V1+eU6eGHwYL1eVKQ197ZtWosvWqQ/9+3TGcfR0XqJ\niiIjKUlX/r78cu2gCwpyeESeoWZwpBJqAqRZrR8GrrFhnyZAYxuONRhcDh+fP5TTtm3w0kt//FZU\npJNnDx7Uy9Gjuijrxg3CiRP+pKf7k54eTnq69ucHhygCmxRQEJ3D3qY57I3IozA0l/ygLHIC8jjr\nm0eW9wV8lAdBeBMk3gR7eBHq5UWYtzcNfbxo6OdNkLcngd4eBPl4EujtSX1PD+p5epYs/h4e+Ijg\n7eGBtwgeIogIjQMb0ziwMfHN4y/6O7MvZHMwQyuko2ePkn4unX2/72Nt2lrSs9NJP5dOenY65/LP\nEeIXUrKE+oX+aT3YN5j60fUJaHk5AYNaEeA9jHr4EJqeSfDxDAKPncb/6EnyU/eRP+7veB49jpw6\nBRcuIBERWiFFROgZVUiIVk5BQRAc/Mf3oCBdC8/PTy++vn/+bvxUTsWRSshWO5l5nXERDhw44GwR\nahWlr6eHB0RG6qVr1/KPU0qXbcvIEDIyvMnM9CYjI4iMDPSyV3+ePw/nzisyCwvIIp+zqoCzHgWk\ne+WT41VAnk8+eb55FHoXUuRbSJFPIfgWgX8h4l+I+BWh/ArBpwi8ilBeCrwUFIIUeiCFUvLpUfy9\nSPR/WCWIAohAVCSiwPIL4i1IMEgw1EeRTyEnKeAEBSgKUHkFqLx81Nl8lBSgKERJIYoikCzL90KU\npwdc3gDVNJiiTRt47cm7USigCA+l8ClU+BZ44FMo+BaCV5Hgpf8UvArP4nX6LN4nDuNVpPAsAg8U\nHkXgocBTqZLPIoEihCIBJcUPLrH6rj+ViOWzeJtQ2qClgNZnzjPnn+OrcefULRzpE7oWeEkp1c+y\n/gJQZB1gICLvAQlKqfmW9d1AL7Q5rsJjLduNQ8hgMBiqQF3wCW0GWopINHAUGAIMLbXPUuAJYL5F\naWUopdJF5LQNx7rMRTQYDAZD1XCYElJKFYjIE8D36DDrWUqpXSIy2vL7DKXUtyJyq4jsA84BIys6\n1lGyGgwGg8E5uHWyqsFgMBjcG7cPCxGRl0TksIgkWZZ+lz7KYI2I9BOR3SKyV0Sed7Y87o6IHBCR\n7Zb7caOz5XE3RGS2iKSLSLLVtgYiskJEUkRkuYiEOFNGd6Kc6+kyz023V0LogJT/KKViLct3zhbI\nnbAkBr8N9APaAUNFpK1zpXJ7FNDbcj9WEAdnKIc56PvRmrHACqVUK+AHy7rBNsq6ni7z3KwNSghM\nmHd1KEkqVkrlA8WJwYbqYe7JKqKUWgOUbiVbkthu+byjRoVyY8q5nuAi92htUUJPisg2EZllpumV\npryEYUPVUcBKEdksIg87W5haQqRSKt3yPR1wcCe/OoFLPDfdQglZbMHJZSwDgOnovKIY4BjwplOF\ndT9MZIr96a6UikUX5h0jItc7W6DahKVgpLlvq4fLPDfdotmHUqqvLfuJyEzgKweLU9s4AjS1Wm+K\nng0ZqohS6pjl86SILEabPNc4Vyq3J11EGimljovIZcAJZwvkziilSq6fs5+bbjETqgjLDVnMnUBy\nefsayqQkqVhEfNCJwUudLJPbIiIBIhJo+V4PuAlzT9qDpcADlu8PAF86URa3x5Wem24xE7oEk0Qk\nBj09/w0Y7WR53AqTGGx3IoHFlsrRXsAnSqnlzhXJvRCReejyXQ1FJA0YD7wOLBCRh4ADwGDnSehe\nlHE9JwC9XeW5aZJVDQaDweA03N4cZzAYDAb3xSghg8FgMDgNo4QMBoPB4DSMEjIYDAaD0zBKyGAw\nGAxOwyghg8FgMDgNo4QMbomIFFqVoU8Skecs2w+ISINyjrlMRL4XkSgRKbLkRxX/9raIPFDWceWM\nNVpERlRD/g9EZJDle4KllUaSiOw09eYMdYnakKxqqJuct9RnK42i/OrA/YDikvUngL+IyAxL9fBK\nJcwppWZUZv+yhrA6pwKGKaUSRSQU2C8ic5RSBdU8B6CrOAD5lr/TYHApzEzIUBt5ztJU7hcRudJq\n+83AMrSSOonuS3PR7EdEYkRkg6XC8KKyKgxbmoI9Y/meICKvW863R0R6lCWUZba1W0RWABGlf7Z8\nBgHZQGEl/+aKaA3sEZF/i0gbO45rMFQbo4QM7op/KXPcPVa/ZSilOqGb9U2BkuZ9rZVSu632mww8\nKyLF/w+KZyYfAn9TSl2Frqk1oYzzl57JeCqlrgGeLmt/EbkLaAW0Be4Huln/DHwiItuAXcC/lB1L\nmSilkoBOwG5gpoisEZEHLbXtDAanYsxxBnclpxxzHMA8y+d84C3L92uAX6x3Ukr9JiK/AMOKt4lI\nMBBsaQQGuoHa5zbIs8jymQhEl/H79cCnFuVyTERWWYvCH+a4hsB6EfleKXXIhvPahFIqG5gFzLJ0\nzp0FTAWC7XUOg6EqmJmQobZTPKO4BW2KK82rwPPo2YhwsW/I1u6TeZbPQsp/ubvkWEqpU2hFds2f\nDhTpajXr6y8ir1i+J4qIh4hstay/LCJ3WO17tdUY0SIyAa0wDwKDbPzbDAaHYWZChtqGoNtRTLJ8\nrrdsj0dXYv4TSqk9IrIT6A9sVEplicgZEemhlFoLjAASKjiXrfwEjBaRuehK2zcAn5QeyxJEEGuR\n31rOjZbtxXwF/MNqPabU+UpaHYhINDATCANmA92UUmW1ezYYahyjhAzuir+IJFmtL1NKvYieyYRa\n/Cu5wFARCQdylVLnrPa3nvFMBKzHegB4z6IQ9gMjy5GhPL/NRduVUotFJB7YCRziD+VYzCcikgP4\nAnMsfhx7UQCMVUpttuOYBoNdMK0cDLUeERkONFFKTXa2LAaD4c8YJWQwGAwGp2ECEwwGg8HgNIwS\nMhgMBoPTMErIYDAYDE7DKCGDwWAwOA2jhAwGg8HgNIwSMhgMBoPTMErIYDAYDE7j/wPGzE7BE2ip\nngAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb1827ebe50>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f9fcb8b6d50>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -503,7 +506,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -546,7 +549,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -568,7 +571,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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xEYyFMY7Vkp7e4kBPB/5S9UARETE+DNVV9VHgKkmfBH5ZbnsBcDow6EOXIiJifBtyOq6k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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb182aefbd0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb8900e9cd0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -617,7 +620,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -682,7 +685,7 @@
      "data": {
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TXJY0TLEsdRhjQsWSRpyLxdRhScOY4LKkYRyz1GHCLdLlXouaOHEif/rTnxy1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\n7P8D6Iyuzawxn60AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f21c4078a50>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f16dcd88a50>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -728,7 +731,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -737,7 +740,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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mf//+QMFLhBZGx44dOeeccyKy5GaojqNmzZpMnz6d2bNnc+WVVwJuLeyyZcuy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\nIEnqWBgkSR0LgySpY2GQJHUsDJKkzhcmetvb0a16tgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f7cdd420b10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fcadd25bb90>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -785,7 +788,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -794,7 +797,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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e2wwBcqrq0yJS2N2+iKpeiJeW9uun5M4NkZFQqhSULg1lykDRopDM2OMB9/e/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\ncIbB4XA4HAE4w+BwOByOAP4fUhmKkZYfxo4AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f901821bbd0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7faefe72dc10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -850,7 +853,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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cTIkSJdiyZcth+5s1a0ZSUhJr1mSXZPBwnnnmGU4++WTKly9PgwYN+M9//hNtcbOk4BqF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\n+OU+2isiZwV10oZArmYjWnT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00+liS/0Wnlj/BM9tfo72k+18ceYXWTpjKQsm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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f439ca4da10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f18572c4a10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -894,7 +897,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -903,7 +906,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f64696066d0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f8cd9bd9710>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -913,7 +916,7 @@
      "data": {
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28DfgqLLO3lGOL5K+sub7aX2Qu8jdd63bluqHuw32WYqmr/n4Itkp4/z9tNbe\naXQHa3VWktRoXR2RbGl9nsZaGemfQzgo+v8Q3gCOBTZy9yMzK6oEI33NxxfpjTLN308r3hkH/Bfw\nxrjpCuArWR5QZdCbvnJ8kd4pU76fVtM/xN3njLQtTYPc9JXji/ReWfL9tDL9z7e4TUagHF8kH8r3\nVxnuy1lvAd4KHArMZtUHuuOBl7v7npkVNaAjfeX4Ivka9Hy/25H+3YR1cZ6K/9f+XQr8e1pFloWO\ncyuSPx1ft7VMf213f6ZH9dT2OVAjfeX4IsUxyPl+Wpn+RDO7wMxuMbN/xH9/T6nGgaccX6RYyp7v\nt9L0zwG+SzgYegU4F5iZYU0DRevqiBRPmdfnaSXeud7d9zCzm9x95+S2zIoakHhH8/FFimsQ5++n\ntZ7+U2a2FvBXM/so4QPe9dMocJBpfXyRYivj+vvQ2kh/T+BWYALwZWAD4NTkgcxTL6rPR/paH1+k\nfwzS+vupfCM3D/3e9DUfX6S/DMr8/a6avpldRjhyVqM7cHc/sPsSmxTVx01fOb5I/xmUfL/bpv8A\ncCcwC/hjbXP83919blqFNth3XzZ9zccX6V+DMH+/26Y/GngTMBnYGfgFMMvdMz+0YT82feX4Iv2v\n3/P91DJ9M1uH0PxPB4bc/VvplNh0f33X9JXjiwyGfs73u276ZrYusD9wGDCRsO7ODHe/K8U6G+23\nr5q+cnyRwdHP+X638c6PgR2By4Hz3P2mlItbC7gOuNPdD6i7rG+avnJ8kcHTr/l+t01/BdDs6Fju\n7ht0WdyngFcA4+tnAvVL01eOLzK4+jHf72rBNXcf5e7jm/zrtuFvRlir/2waTwntC1pXR2RwDer6\nPK0suJaFrwOfAVbktP+uaX18kcFXW3//+9/Pu5L0tLL2TqrM7G3A/e5+g5lVml1vaGho5elKpUKl\n0vSqPVdbV2f6dH1wKzLIkuvz7L138fL9arVKtVpt6zY9X4bBzL4KvJewVPO6hLV8LnT3wxPXKWym\nrxxfpHz6Jd8v/No7ZrYv8Ol+mr2j+fgi5dQP8/fTOnJW1orZ3RtQji9SXoNyfF2tstkizccXkaLP\n3++XkX7h6Ti3IgKDcXxdjfRboBxfRJKKmu8X/oPcZorU9LWujojUK+r6PGr6XVKOLyLNFDHfV6bf\nBeX4IjKcfs33NdJvQjm+iLSiSPm+4p0OKccXkVYVKd9X0++AcnwRaVdR8n1l+m1Sji8ineinfF8j\n/QTl+CL+xFGtAAAIJElEQVTSjbzzfcU7bVCOLyLdyjvfV9NvkXJ8EUlLnvm+Mv0WKMcXkTQVPd8v\n/UhfOb6IZCGPfF/xzgiU44tIVvLI99X0h6EcX0Sy1ut8X5l+E8rxRaQXipjvl3KkrxxfRHqpV/l+\nYUf6Zra5mV1tZjeb2WIz+3iv9q3j3IpIrxXp+Lq5jPTNbBNgE3dfaGbjgAXA29391nh5JiN95fgi\nkpde5PuFHem7+73uvjCefgy4FXhxlvtUji8ieSpKvp97pm9mE4G5wI7xDSCTkb5yfBEpgizz/cKO\n9GtitHMB8Ilaw8+CcnwRKYq88/3R+ewWzGwMcCHwE3e/pP7yoaGhlacrlQqVSqWj/SxdCpMnw9ln\n6wtYIpK/sWNhzpyQ7++1V3f5frVapVqttnWbvD7INeBcYKm7/2eDy1OJd1asgAMPhO23D/GOiEhR\nzJwJJ58MCxbA+PHp3Gdhv5FrZvsAvwVuBGoFnODuv4yXp9L0leOLSJGlne8XtumPJI2mr3V1RKTo\n0l6fp7RNX/PxRaRfpDl/v/Czd7Kg+fgi0k96PX9/4Eb6yvFFpB+lke+XLt5Rji8i/SqNfL9UTV85\nvoj0u27z/dJk+srxRWQQ9CLfH4iRvnJ8ERkkneb7pYh3lOOLyKDpNN8f+KavHF9EBlUn+f5AZ/rK\n8UVkkGWV7/ftSF85voiUQTv5/sDGO8rxRaQs2sn3B7LpK8cXkbJpNd8fuExfOb6IlFGa+X5fjfSV\n44tImY2U7w9UvKMcX0TKbqR8f2CavnJ8EZFguHx/IDJ95fgiIqt0m+8XfqSvHF9EZE2N8v3CjvTN\nbJKZ/dnM/mJmxze73rx5cNppMHu2Gr6ISNK0abB4MUyf3t7tet70zWwt4FvAJODlwGQz26H+ekuX\nwuTJcPbZxf3gtlqt5l1CS1Rnuvqhzn6oEVRnN8aOhTlz4MQTYdGi1m+Xx0h/T+Cv7n67uz8LzAYO\nqr9SP+T4RXwhNKI609UPdfZDjaA6u9VJvp9H038JsCRx/s64bTVLl8LUqT2rSUSkL02ZApVK60sw\n59H0W/rkWDm+iEhrpk2Dm29u7bo9n71jZnsDQ+4+KZ4/AVjh7l9LXKd4U4pERPpA4b6cZWajgduA\nNwJ3A9cCk9391p4WIiJSQqN7vUN3f87MPgr8ClgL+IEavohIbxTyy1kiIpKNwi3D0OoXt/JkZjPM\n7D4zuynvWoZjZpub2dVmdrOZLTazj+ddUz0zW9fM/mhmC83sFjMr9JwtM1vLzG4ws8vyrqUZM7vd\nzG6MdV6bdz3NmNkEM7vAzG6NP/u9866pnpltF5/H2r+Hi/h7BOHz0fi7fpOZ/dTM1ml4vSKN9OMX\nt24D9gPuAv5EAfN+M3st8BjwI3ffOe96mjGzTYBN3H2hmY0DFgBvL+DzuZ67PxE/7/kd8Gl3/13e\ndTViZp8CXgGMd/cD866nETP7B/AKd1+Wdy3DMbNzgbnuPiP+7Nd394fzrqsZMxtF6Et7uvuSka7f\nS2Y2EfgNsIO7P21m5wGXu/u59dct2ki/pS9u5c3drwGW513HSNz9XndfGE8/BtwKvDjfqtbk7k/E\nk2sTPucpZLMys82AtwJnAyMcrTR3ha7PzDYEXuvuMyB81lfkhh/tB/ytaA0/egR4FlgvvoGuR3iD\nWkPRmn5LX9yS9sWRwO7AH/OtZE1mNsrMFgL3AVe7+y1519TE14HPACvyLmQEDlxpZteZ2QfzLqaJ\nrYAHzOwcM7vezKab2Xp5FzWCw4Cf5l1EI/GvujOAOwizIh9y9ysbXbdoTb84WdMAidHOBcAn4oi/\nUNx9hbvvBmwGvM7MKjmXtAYzextwv7vfQMFH0cBr3H134C3AsTGOLJrRwB7At919D+Bx4HP5ltSc\nma0NHADMybuWRsxsG+CTwETCX/PjzGxKo+sWrenfBWyeOL85YbQvHTKzMcCFwE/c/ZK86xlO/PP+\nF8C/5V1LA68GDox5+SzgDWb2o5xrasjd74n/PwBcTIhNi+ZO4E53/1M8fwHhTaCo3gIsiM9pEf0b\nMM/dl7r7c8BFhNfsGorW9K8DXmZmE+M766HApTnX1LfMzIAfALe4+zfyrqcRM3u+mU2Ip8cCbwJu\nyLeqNbn75919c3ffivBn/m/c/fC866pnZuuZ2fh4en3gzUDhZpm5+73AEjPbNm7aD2hxIYFcTCa8\n2RfVn4G9zWxs/L3fD2gYk/b8y1nD6ZcvbpnZLGBfYGMzWwJ80d3PybmsRl4DvAe40cxqjfQEd/9l\njjXV2xQ4N86MGAX82N2vyrmmVhQ1inwRcHH4vWc0MNPdf51vSU19DJgZB3h/A47KuZ6G4pvnfkBR\nPx/B3RfFvzyvI3zmdD3w/UbXLdSUTRERyVbR4h0REcmQmr6ISImo6YuIlIiavohIiajpi4iUiJq+\niEiJqOmLEBYAM7OP5F2HSNbU9EWCjYBj2r1R/AbsmAzqEcmEmr5IcAqwTTxQxqlt3G474DYzO83M\nts+oNpHU6Bu5IoCZbQn8vJOD4sRVTA8lLCPghPWO5rj74+lWKdI9NX0RVh5v4LJuj4RmZjsQmv6O\n7r5hCqWJpErxjkgdM/tKjHmurx3gJZ4/2czenjhe6h6J20w0s5MIS9r+E/iP3B6AyDA00hcBzGxj\nwnrpE9u83UTC4RM3BmYQjltQ+ENpSnmp6YtEZjYT2AX4X3f/bIu32Yxw8PnrMi1OJCVq+iIiJaJM\nX0SkRNT0RURKRE1fRKRE1PRFREpETV9EpETU9EVESkRNX0SkRNT0RURK5P8BVZaJTuXDd5QAAAAA\nSUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f646923d210>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f8cd98532d0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter8.ipynb b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter8.ipynb
index 1b04d843..ad52b4d6 100755..100644
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter8.ipynb
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter9.ipynb b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter9.ipynb
index 1cf25521..ca08a40e 100755..100644
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter9.ipynb
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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WuGg/Zs48M86ocHISHvEIWLkS9uzxLU14xDoX1EqsY3N+Pv4xaU4rQVKY6IZ4mzGa+o9V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\nMgzDMKLBnJZhGIYRDea0DMMwjGj4//k3w9FAKALMAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa533551b90>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f421c158a90>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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dPC+/7P495pji9FdpC7rZJp+rBk480RXXmTWrfGPGeQHdG/00PP+8u4r37Bm2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\nIGxN+SCpsaQZkh7OswsD+pv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8XzBypIvPL6X7cdw4uO02mDy5dGPkSrmzbE4HOknqKGkn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\nezweTxXhjb7H4/FUEd7oezweTxXx/6Lmfeht8L+LAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f5c71d2a690>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f228c011a90>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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XeP+vwLbLSpUfYavMkkFEBgJlqvpFzpXlcuCAXfzvAF9hh2i/SFLu78AcYBpw\naNzr5wEPxz0fCtwf9UFKFv1QH5v5DYpalgzlPhN4wPu/LzAmapkylL8XNrM+wnt+L/DbqOUKKPso\nT94Z2P5/DUyxXBS1bGnkbg9Mj3u+JuH91VHLmIn8ca/fCrwQtXyZyI+tJCcDDb3nC4C9s60715VB\n2j1zERmA7XV2Aq7A9j9jBHZKK1Y8e+8XgCdV1e/wsJg5BjhbRBYAzwD9RKSU0nKUYbOiT7znzwNJ\nI+hGiYj0EpEDRKSaiJyOrSCWAh+q6io1M+wXsd+klFghIi0BRKQVtqorKUTkUmyr9KKIRcmUAzDl\nMM27h9sCn4lI85SfSkJOykCD7Znv2lNU1clAYxGJLSVL2ilNRAR4BJihqvdGLU+mqOotqtpOVTtg\nB5cTVDVPgabDR1WXA4tFpLP30snYKrUYaYmtojdgW3NXYf43R3lnFoLJPyM6EbNiNLsd8i7B35qq\naBGR/tg26UCtaO1V9KjqdFVtoaodvHu4DDhMVbNSyKEFqkuxZ+53LtAWWKGqO0Qk5pRWHXhES8sp\nrQ+2tfWFiEzxXrtZCxyOIERKMT7Uz4GnvMnEPOCyiOXxRVVfBV5NfN1biX2Kndl8jp0JFCUi8gxw\nAmYGvBg79P8z8KyI/BhYCPwwOglT4yP/HZj1UC1gnOljPlLVonToi5N/71j/q+pjcUVyun9TBqoL\nXIlIfWAi8PvErRLPdv3PqvqB93w8cIMmBLYTF6jO4XA4skLzHaguCAH2zBPPBdribz5HGIqpVPnu\nO/jkE/j0U3jmmeGoDmfhQgs9fMABlgi8Qwdo3dpyM7RsCU2bWtKYOnVS160KmzZZgvTvvoPly2HZ\nMktJOX++PebNgxUroEsX6N4dDj4YjjgCDj8cGjQoSBf4Mnz4cIYPHx6dAEWE64vduL7YjYQUHzsn\nZRBwz3w0Fp9opOcdulZ3m6JVSVRh7lx4913LAvbBB5af+fDDbQA+6CAYPhw6d7aMVbkiAvXq2aNV\nK+jRw7/cxo0wcyZ8+SVMmQIvvWSpE9u3h+OOs2Q1J5xgCsnhcFQucl0Z+O2Z34J5V6KqD6nq6yIy\nQETmAhsp0j3dfLN2LYwfD2PHwptv2msnnGAD7M0324w8lp95+PDkA3Y+qVcPevWyx6WX2mvbt5tC\nmDTJEnxfcw00b25p/fr3t+9Qt27Kah0ORwmQkzJQ1fdF5L/AGcBKVd1jCBORvsAwzLEHzIRrj0Q4\nlZHFi+GJZm+9AAAgAElEQVSVV2yG/ckncOyxNoBef73N+pOt7vr27VtQOVNRs6atWA4/HH71K0tu\nP2WKKbU//tGyUJ10EgwaZEnYm2YdGcWfYuqLqHF9sRvXF+GT8wGyiByHeVI+kUIZXKuqZye+l1BO\nK8OZwfLllqrvmWfg669tgDznHDj1VNhrr/SfLzVWr4ZXX4WXX4a337ZUi0OGmHJo2DD95x0OR26I\nSCgHyGFZE7XHvFeTKYNfq+pZaeooWWWwebPN/v/7X1sBnHWWDYgnn2wz66rCxo0wejSMHAkTJ9pW\n0mWXmSKsXj1q6RyOykkpKYMTMM/KMsyK6DpV3cOxphSVwdSp8NBDtpfeq5cNfAMHuj10gDVrYNQo\neOwxKCuz5OBXXGEWUQ6HIzzCUgaFCFT3OdBOLUTs/ZSYh2IimzfbCuCoo+Dss82yZto0OxS+4AKn\nCGI0aQJXXQWTJ8O4cbB1K/TuDQMG2Oph5870dTgcjsKR95WBT9kFwOGqujrhdb3jjjt2Pe/bt29R\nHRItWQIPPggPP2yrgKuvhtNPd9sfmbB5s52nPPggrFxplkk//rH5SjgcjmBMnDiRiRMn7np+5513\nlsw2UQvM0khFpDfwrKq29ylXlNtE06bBX/4Cr70GQ4fCz39ulkCO3Jg8Ge67D954w7aQrr0W9tsv\naqkcjtKjaLaJvHgZHwJdRGSxiPxIRK4UkVgC8vOB6SIyFQvZ65fJqahQhQkTzAz09NPNG3fBArj/\nfqcIwuLII+Hpp2H6dHOsO+wwU7Zf5B6V3eFwZEEYpqWPksLPwCvzd+B0LK/rpao6xadM5CsDVZup\n/u53ZjJ5ww02QIXhBexIzdq1dhh/7712tnD77bYd53A4UlM0KwOS5OWMkSafQVGgCmPGWCiIG280\n56oZM2w/2ymCwtC4sfX9/PlmknvOObYq+9//opbM4aga5KwMNHlezhip8hlESmwl0Ls33HYb3HKL\nnREMHuwOhqOibl07l5k71xzXfvhDOOMMC+DncDjyRyFMS5PlM4iUd9+18BDXXWcz0ilT4Nxzd8cH\nckRL7dpw5ZUwZ46Zow4caKuFr4o1dY3DUeIUauhL3M+K7HBgyhTbfrj0UvjpT+3A8vzznRIoVmrX\nhp/9zFYKxx4LJ55ov92iRVFL5nBULkLLdJaCwPkM4uOTh+1nsGgR3HqrRQ697TYLIFerVmjVO/JM\n3brw61/DT34Cd99t1keXXWa/aZMmUUvncBSORD+DsCiEn8EA4BpVHeDlM7hXVY/yKZcXa6K1ay26\n5iOPmJPTdddFm6zFEQ7Lllmo75degptustWDO+x3VEWKxpoonZ+Bqr4OzPfyGTwEFCS/6Pbt8MAD\nlidgzRpL2HLnnU4RVBZatTJT1IkT4Z13oFs3ePFFMwpwOByZE8rKIAzCXBm88YZ5tLZtC3/9qzmN\nOSo348fbb964Mdxzj+VfcDiqAsW0MugvIrNEZI6I3Ojzfl8RWSciU7zHbbm2mYyvvzYzxF/9ykJI\nvPWWUwRVhZNPNuOAYcPsGvjJTyyns8PhCEZOykBEqgP/wJzOugJDROQgn6Lvquqh3uP3ubTpx7p1\ndrh47LGWdWv6dEsqE1KeaEeJUL06XH65TQoaN4bu3W1luG1b1JI5HMVPriuD3sBcVV2oqtuBkcBA\nn3J5GZbLy+Hxxy2B/Nq1di5w7bXOSqiq06iRWRy9/75tH/XsaWG0HQ5HcnI1LfVzKDsyoYwCx4jI\nNFIkt8mUzz8366AdOyzlYu/eudboqGx06QKvv26hRq66ypTCPfe46KgOhx+5KoMgJ76x5DabROR0\nLLmNb+zPIH4Ga9aYn8ALL8Af/mC25s5hzJEMEUtCdOqpdo50+OHwf/9nJsbOFNVRihSln4HnNzBc\nVft7z28GylX1rhSfSZrcJpUs5eWWYeyWW+C88yyyaNOmWYvuqKIsXLg7EOH991ueZoejlCmKHMgi\nUgP4GjgJWAp8DAxR1ZlxZXJObvPFFxY6YscOy5LlzAYdufL66xYQ77DDbOuobeTRshyO7CgK01JV\n3QFcA7wJzABGqerMsJLbbNhgB8KnnAKXXAIffeQUgSMcBgwwg4OuXeGQQ+zAefv2qKVyOKIjjN12\njXuUA6jqQ6r6kPf/A8AEoJ732Jq2QrVcuV277rYSuuIKdzbgCJe6dc0r/aOPzNro8MPhgw+ilsrh\niIZct4mqY9tEJ2OWQp+w5zZRfGyiI4H7UsUmmjfP4syUlcG//mW+Aw5HvolNQK691s4R7roLmjWL\nWiqHIz1FsU1EMD+DwMltfvc7y4170knmTeoUgaNQiFginRkzLH5Vt27w6KNmuOBwVAVyVQZ+fgZt\nApTxPa777DPzH7j+eqhZM0fJHI4saNjQ8jCPHWuB8E44wbYpHY5io7zcnCrDohB+BhAwuc0hhwzn\n0Uft/7DzGTgcmXDoofDhh/Dww9Cvn/mz/OY3UK9e1JI5qjoTJ07k2Wcn8uqrsHNnePXm3c9ARP4F\nTFTVkd7zWcAJqroioa685DNwOHJlxQpzUps0Cf7+d3NicziiYONG205/5BH47W/NsKZGjeI4M/gU\n6CQi7UWkFjAYGJ1QZjRwMexSHmsTFYHDUcy0aAEjRtgZwvXXWz5ml3bTUWheecXOshYvtmCcP/2p\nBWcMi7z7GUSV3MbhCJt+/cwB8ogjzAz1rrtcRFRH/lm0yFajN9xgK4KnnoKWLcNvJ+ttIhFpCowC\n9gMWAj9U1bU+5RYC64GdwHZV9Q0p57aJHKXE/PkWKHHRIvOKP+GEqCVyVDa2bbMQ7HffbfG0rr/e\nP55W5OEoROT/Ad+p6v/zkto0UdWbfMr5xiLyKeeUgaOkULUczL/6lSmDv/wlPzM2R9VjwgTztzrg\nADun2n//5GWLwc9gl/+A93dQirIuzYyj0iEC554LM2dC69bQo4fduDt2RC2Zo1RZsgSGDIEf/Qj+\n/GcLv55KEYRJLsqgRdxB8ArA15EMMyMdLyKfisjlObTncBQl9erZ+cF771lujcMPt8Q6DkdQtm+3\nLaGePW01MGOGGSoUMltjSj8DERkH+C18b41/4kUkTbbH00dVl4nIPsA4EZmlqpP8CgbJZ+BwFCsH\nHQRvvw3PPgsXXGAHznfdBa1aRS2Zo5h5+22LoLvvvubb0tk328tuii6fgecv0FdVl4tIK+AdVT0w\nzWfuAL5X1b/6vOfODByVhg0bLPnSf/4DN90Ev/iFS8fqqMiiRZa7/bPPLIx6tiuBYjgzGA1c4v1/\nCZbBrAIispeINPD+rwecCkzPoU2HoyRo0MD2fD/4wGZ+Bx8Mb7wRtVSOYmDTJhg+3HJp9OhhW0KD\nBhV2S8iPXE1LnwX2Jc60VERaAw+r6hkisj/woveRGsBTqvqnJPW5lYGjUqJqyXT+7/+gUyf4298s\nP7OjaqFqW4jXXw9HH23WZ/vum3u9xbAyOAloBRwA3BTzMVDVpap6hvf/fOAmoA5QGy/fgcNRlRCB\nM86wgHd9+0KfPmaOujqlsbWjMvHxxxaF+c9/hiefhFGjwlEEYZKLMpgOnAO8l6yAl+/gH0B/oCsw\nREQOyqFNh6NkqVXLZoUzZsDWrXDggXDffc6LuTKzeDEMHWrbQD/+MXz6KRx/fNRS+ZO1MlDVWao6\nO02xIPkOHI4qRfPm8M9/mmPRG29YvJnnn7dtBEflYN06Mxw45BDo0AFmzzbfgTBjCYVNvhNJBsl3\n4HBUSbp3t7wJDz5olkfHHOP8E0qdrVtttde5M3z3ncWy+t3voH79qCVLT0plICLjRGS6z+OsgPW7\nuY7DkYZTTjHzwquvhmHD4MwzYdq0qKVyZMLOnfD442YYMG6cJZ35z3+gTQlNfVM6nanqKTnWvwRo\nF/e8HbY68MU5nTmqKtWqmSL44Q/h3/+2PMz9+sEddzjLo2KmvBxefNF+p6ZNLaJonz75bbPonM52\nVSDyDnCdqn7m814N4GvM8mgp8DEwRFVn+pR1pqUOh8f331uco3vuMUuk22+3MAWO4kAVRo82JVCz\npiWa6d8/Gl+ByE1LReQcEVkMHAW8JiJveK+3FpHXIHm+g1yFdjgqO/Xrwy23wNy5dgB55JFw6aV2\nEOmIjvJyi1Tbq5cpgt/+1sxGTz89eqexXMnF6ewHwHDgQOAIVf08SbmFuHwGDkdOrFkD//gH3H8/\nnHwy3Hyzea86CsOOHfDcc/DHP1pOgdtvh7POsu29qCmGfAYHYk5kDwG/TqEMXD4DhyMkNmww66P7\n7oNDD7XsV8cfX/qz0mJl0yZ47DGLKNqmDdx6q53nFFN/R75NFNDPIEYRdZ3DUbo0aAA33miZ1s45\nxxKiH3kkPP20c14Lk6VLbfbfoYPFlnrqKZg0KbpzgUJQiEWOy2fgcIRMnTrwk59YYp1bbzUzxg4d\nzF9h5cqopStNVGHyZPMY7t7dtuYmTTJroaOPjlq6/JNvPwOwfAaHAqcDPxOR43KS2OFw7KJaNQt9\nHPNmXrDATFGHDIF333VezUH4/nsz5z38cLjwQvManj/fzmjS5RaoTOTbzwBVXeb9/VZEXsJCVLjk\nNg5HyBx8sK0Q7r4bRowwJ7YdO8wKadgwaNs2agmLB1Xz9v7vf23m37evBZE7+eTiOBRORan6GewF\nVFfVDV4+g7eAO1X1LZ+y7gDZ4QiR2LbHY4+ZJcwRR9iK4ZxzoFGjqKWLhlmzYORIOwOoWRMuu8y2\nhUo5G10xWBOdA/wdaAasA6ao6ukun4HDUXxs2mROUiNHwjvvmHfzeeeZQ1uTJlFLl19mzrTc1KNG\n2XnK4MGmFI84onIcBkeuDMLGKQOHozCsXWuOUy+/bIrhyCPh7LPNZLJTp9IfILdtswxzY8fCK6/Y\nmcCgQab8jj++uCOHZkPkpqUi8hcRmSki00TkRRHxXXiKSH8RmSUic0TkxuxFrTrkYz+wVHF9sZuw\n+qJxY9seeeUVWLYMfvpTC4zXrx/svz9ceSU884yZVxYr8X2xcydMmQL33mtKbZ99zPy2dm1LJLN4\nsR0Gn3hi5VMEYZLLUclbQDdV7QnMBm5OLOCS22SHGwB34/piN/noi3r14Nxz7eB58WIYM8aS7owa\nZR7OnTrBxReb5/PkybB5c+giZMyKFfDvf0/kjjtgwABo1sy2fWbOtL/z5lmIiN/+1sJGlPpKp1Ck\ntCZKhaqOi3s6GTjPp9iu5DYAIhJLbuPiEzkcRYaI2dd37275msvL4auvTAl8/DE88gh8/bWla+ze\nHbp2hY4dbTVxwAHQsmV4ljhbtsCiRWbiOW+exWT68kuTZ9s2O+do396c7h591Np25EbWyiCBHwHP\n+Lzul9zmyJDadDgiY9KkSVx++eXMmjUrr+0sXLiQ/fffnx07dmT82RkzZnDJJZfwySef+L6/YsUK\nTjzxRKZOnUqtWrX2eL9aNVsd9OhhDm5gA/GcObsH5nHjdg/Yq1fbFk2rVva3USN7NGxoKT9r1rRH\neTls326PLVssK9i6debktWKFbV1t2gTt2u1WNB072mF39+7QujXceSfEWaI7QiDlAbKIjAP8dO4t\nqjrGK3MrcJiq7rEyEJHzgP6qern3fChwpKr+3KesOz12OByOLAjjABlVzfoBXAp8ANRJ8v5RwNi4\n5zcDN+bSpnsU3wNYAPTz/m8AnAXMBx6NK/MO8DegLnZWdQg2UYiv50ngQqA9FgSxmvf6PsDnwC+T\ntNkamA78yXs+H/g1tvKtCRyDecID9AUWe//XBl4FxgN1o+7HJH1boS8y+FwrYBVQK6HPTkoodwww\nPerv6R7RP3KxJuoPXA8MVNUtSYp9CnQSkfYiUgsYDIzOtk1H8aOqG9RWjYOBS0Skq/dWL+C/qrpZ\nVctVdaqqjo19TkSqAScDY33q/BYYhxkh+LW51PtcNxHZGxtAH1bVHaq6XVU/VNUP4j8jInWBMZhi\nOkNVfY9GRWSAiHwlIutFpExEfu293tfL5xErd5iITPHKPSsio0Tkd3Fly0TkWhFZISJLReTSuM+e\n4X12nYh8IyJ3pOjiRPlu9Ope71nt9fPeOgX4TFW3eeVGAPsCY0Rkg4hc55X7GNhfRNrtWbujKpHL\ncc/9QH1gnHchPwguuY3DUNVPsDOiWCyq/wEPishgEdnX5yO9gflaMdS5gF1TwGnARwmfib3fDot9\nNUVVVwFzgadEZKCItPBpqzamPDZhk5mtKb7KI8AVqtoQ6AZMSCzgTXReAh4FmmDnZ4OomAO8BdAQ\nW8X8GHggzhz7e2CoqjYCzgB+KiIDU8gUa7cL8DOglyffqcBC7+0eWJZBAFR1GPANcKaqNlDVu73X\nd2D9dUi69hyVm1xCWHdS1f1U9VDvcbX3+lJVPSOu3Buq2kVVO2oS72NHpWUp0NT7/wdYTKrbgfne\nBKJXXNkzgNcSPv+diKzBlMr3wAtx7wnwsvf+JGAi8EfvvROxQfGvwFIReVdEOsZ9tgFmyPCEqm5P\n8x22YSuOhqq6TlWn+JQ5Cgu7cr+q7lTVl7AZdzzbgd9677/hfZ8uAKr6rqp+5f0/HRgJnJBGLrCE\nUbU9+Wqq6jeqOt97r5HXRhA2eOUdVZjIQzJVZac0EWknIu942xBfisgvvNebehFjZ4vIWyLSOGpZ\ns6QNsBpAVdeq6s2q2h2bJU8FXo4rezrwuueb8ho22O8NHICdN3QFFsf1hWKz+iaq2l5Vr4nN8FV1\niar+XFU7AvsBG4En4tr6DrgAeFxETk3zHc4DBgALRWSiiBzlU6Y1sCThtcUJz1epannc803YyhoR\nOdK7DlaKyFrgSqCliDyPnWcI0DvxuvC+x6+wjIMrROQZEYlF2VmDKb0gNADWBixbcETkZu8emS4i\nT4tI7Up0j6RERB71thanx72W9Lt7fTXHG1PTXdsViFQZOKc0tgP/p6rdsNnlz7zvfxMwTlU7A297\nz0sKETkCUwbvJ77nbeX8FWgtIk1EpCXQypt1/xKYE1f8Jmyb8Thsm2V4JnKoahnwINA94fWXgcuB\n50Wkb4rPf6qqg7BD7JeBZ32KLcO+azx+W2HJeNqru62qNgb+ha1cXsfOURSYhc91oarPqOpxmNJT\n4C6vzi+AxADMe1jsiUgNoCMwLQN5C4aItMd+p8NUtQdQHVPkJX+PBOQxbHyMx/e7e+dzg7GxtD+2\nLRt4jI96ZbDLKc1brsec0qoEqrpcVad6/3+POeO1Ac4GHveKPY7tPxc7sf37hiJyJrZvPiK2/SEi\nd4lINxGpISINgJ8Cc1R1DbYqeENE2mKz8JFxdZ7t1TUMWMGeN0ZFIUQai8idInKAiFQTkWaYH0zi\neQOqOhI703pFRI7xqaumiFwkIo1UdSe2nbLTp9mPgJ0ico33/QYCR6TsrYrUB9ao6jYR6Q1cBDRX\n1Ufjyqxnz+viByLST0RqA1uBLXHyjQcO884zYqzAVlrx9AYWqmriSqZYWI9NmvbyFNde2PZjKd4j\nGaOqk7BVXjzJvvtA4BnPaGIhdhbkm3Pej6iVgZ9TWuIMq0rgzYAOxby5W6jqCu+tFdi2SrEzRkTW\nY4eUN2Mz/8vi3q+LHbKuAeYB7bCLGuy84HXgHsxCLTaDXYvtq3+BzZTPJH1fbMNmyeOxaLrTgc2Y\nGXSMXTNkVX0CM0N9LeEMI8ZQYIGIrAOuwAbqCvV4FjvnYgfDa7wyr3qy7NGmD1cDv/X673ZP9i0i\n8phXD9ggmHhdNAP+BHyLrU6a4YWF8cpNoOIg+SfgNhFZIyLXeq9dBPwzhWyR4hkU/BW7rpYCa9Wi\nH5TiPRIWyb57a2wMjZHZeJqLXSp2Q78DfAV8CfwiSbm/Y0v/acChca+fh5kAxp4PBe7PRaZSfGAz\nw8+AQd7zNQnvr45axjx+9xrYYHY+8ID3Wl9gTCn3BabUL8nys72w2fAR3vN7gd9l2hfAQcDHKd5v\njln51cpGzgL14wGejHt718pL3jhRktdFln3QnjhfkGTfHbPwvCju9f8A5wZtJ9eVQbI9712IyACg\no6p2wmZW8bOQJZhCidGOipqt0iMiNTErmRFq+9hgh4EtvfdbAZU5q20T4DbgMOBsEVmAbQv1E7ON\nL4m+EJHjRaSlt010CXZGsYfPREDKgDI181yA57H+WZ5JX6jqTFVNuk2gqitVtat6vghFSi/gQ1Vd\npWYG+yJwNBn2RSUj2T2ROJ62ZU/DhqTkpAzUf8+7dUKxXftbqjoZaCy7bb+rtFOaiAhmxz5DVe+N\ne2s0cIn3/yVUtLqpVKjqt6r6kKreoqrtVLUDdkA4Qc02vlT6ogtmIbUG+D/gfN29lM8IVV2OWU7F\nDoBPxlbfYyiNvgiTWcBRIlLXu19OxlYKVbEvYiS7J0YDF4hILRHpAHRiTxPn5IS8lFkE1E94fQxw\nTNzz8cDhcc9Px5xj5gI3R70kK/Dy71gs1MBUYIr36I/Z5o/HQoO/BTSOWtYC98sJwGjv/yrZF0BP\n4BNsa/VFzA+gqvbFDZgynI5NLGtWlb7AVslLsfOnxdg5XNLvDtzijaWzgNMyaSuUTGciUh9z+vm9\n7t7qiL03BvizeuEARGQ8cIOqfp5QzgWqczgcjizQKDOdxYjb834yURF4BN7HylRrrl6tNGigvPOO\nst9+Snl57pp4506lRQvlvfeURo2Udesqvn/HHXfs+v/dd5Xu3ZWHH1YGDQpnJrB4sdK0qfLGG0qP\nHtnVES+jqrJli32X999X9t5b2bq1sLObxx5TBg5Ubr5Zufba5HKqKmecoTzxhNK5s/Lhh+G0//Of\nK8OHK6edpjz5ZO79qarcc49y8cXK1Vcrd95Z2P5UVQ48UHnzTaVJE2XJkuRyZvLIV9/feWfFvveT\ns7xcad3a7qlGjZQ1awrbn6NHK8ceq9x9t3LJJeH0Z6EeYZGTMkix5x3PaOBir/xRmGlYVnupiYwd\nCyecAH372vMwQst/+ik0bQrHHQeHHw6TJiUv++qrcM459pgwweKz58qrr8Lpp8Opp8KSJeGkHnz3\nXUtE0qcP7LefJSopJGPGWB+dey68+Wbycps2wXvvwVlnWflUZYOiWrH9sdke6SYQ++3Tfad8MHeu\n5TE++WR7jB+fe51R9/3nn0P9+pajuHdvu2YLSeI1GuIYWzLkujLog5l5nSgWa2aKiJwuIleKyJUA\nqvo6FotmLvAQZlMdCm+/Df09F6R+/Sy5d66MH7+7zhNPtEE+Xdm994YOHUyR5ErsO1WrZkoujO+U\n2E+pvlPYqFp7/fvDoYeagluRZCrw4YfQs6fl6A1LzgULYOtWS9ASqzPXG33bNpP15JPhmGMsf/CG\nDbnLGpS337bJQrVq6a/RoMT3fVh1LlhgfdW9e/q+j/IajW+/QweoUyeciWWpkas10fvAf7HY6TXU\nAta9oWYd8hBY+F7Me3QDdlg6ICeJ45gyxWbvYDP5Dz/Mvc6pU3fXefzxe9bZ11uGbNtmF8whhyQv\nmw1hfKeYjGHWmS0LF1qe3RYtLBn5McfARx+ll/OYY0y5ZpHgy7dOEcuYVV4O33yTWR2Jcs6YYYNG\n/fpQt65dA2FMBIKS7BpNlDMT4vu+T5/89r2fnFFeo+vW2QSlS5eK7efSn6VIGB7IfrEzEnlXd0c3\n/X0IbbJ9uyXA7tHDnvfsCV98kXu9U6bYDBbg4IMtvV95XHix2AUyc6blYN1rr/DaX78eli+Hzp1z\nqzP+Ila1wSOmtMLqp6DEt53YfuLNFl+2fn1o29Zy3+bafuz3FMnu+/vJGasTCt+n8ddoly5QVgYb\nN+Y2eOWr72N1xve9n5zxZQ8+2BTuTr/AH3lg2jQbR6pXt+ep5KzM5KwM1D92RiK5p2RLYOZM2/+u\nV8+ed+1qe6nbcnCf2bDB9uhjg3HjxnZ+sGDBnmUTB7mDD859QJg2zZbUsYuyRw+rM5dtjdiZQ2vP\n+2PffW1/+Ntvc5M1KPEDF6Tup0zKZtJ+MmUUVp1hyBmUnTttgtKzpz2vUQMOPNDyEedCvvo+iNLc\nuBEWLYKDPHfVBg0swf3cubm1n62chfw9i4lCxCZS4BgRmSYir8vuzFc5MXXq7hsCbJ+vQ4fc9vq+\n+AK6dbMbLEayC2PatIoDQrdu1nYuh8jTplX8Ts2a2Swt020NvzrFU8ci9p2mT0/9ubBI/J2S9efm\nzaZ0DzoofdlMSPydirXOoMyZY1tuDRuG136++j7ob//ll6bQatYMt/2gJJOzqh0i10hfJGc+B9qp\n6iYROR3zlksMrQvA8OHDd/3ft2/flMu02bMrXrxgM/rZs+3HzIbZs+2ijKdLF//l8uzZu62YwLaL\nWrSwgfuAxLiQIbS/337h1Rnrp379/D8TJom/0wEH2Cxw+/aKN//8+fYda8XF2OzSBZ57Lvu2Yyug\n9u13vxb77rmQ2Kex30h1t9LNF5lco0GZN8/6KMy+37gRVq0K1vfJrtE5c/Ysmw9mz4bL4kIqNm9u\nK7DVq804pNiYOHEiEydODL3evCsDVd0Q9/8bIvKgiDTViukNgYrKIB3z5sEZZ1R8rWNHez1b5s2z\nOuI54ABbRvqV3X//PcvOm5e9Mpg3zyxU/Oo85ZTs60yUM9d+CsrOnXaAHN9+7drQqtWeSjNVf2bL\n/Pk2GFWLW//Gvnu2A/emTbBmze5tN7CtxGrVbPBr1ix7eYOQ7BodNSq3OhOv2TD6vkOHYH2f7Br9\n3/+ybz8TEr9/7MB73rziVAaJE+U777wzlHrzvk0kIi08fwS8WO3ipwgyZe7cPW+Kjh1z22cMWmd5\n+Z6DXBjtJ7spcqlz/vw9b/Rc6wxKWZkNjnXrpm8/2YA0d272y3W/796kia1Isj0z8VMwULg+LdR1\nn2vf+9WZrO+jvEY3bDDDjVatKr5eqPaLiTA8kJ8BPgS6iMhiEflRvJ8BFpp4uohMxULxXpBrm6q2\nhEx2AWfL3LnBLsolS+zCjlkSpSobFL9ZdK51Qn5mfUHxGxAguDJo0sRWEiuzjEeZbJWWy3WSrM5C\nKsDDOLQAACAASURBVIOwlWaygTuXvk/22/tde6kmAvkm1nZUyr2YCGNlsBlLRfe1WtTJR+P9DFT1\nASzJRj3vsTXXBld764rEJVwuP6Cq/wXcrp3dEFu27H7NbyaTa/tLl9p2Qz4UTIcOFV+P3ZD5PiDL\nRBnko0/zMXDnQ85M8OvTRo3Mqm758vDqhNy+U64TgbZt7T7ftCm79oOSj+9equTdzyBNPoOsiF08\niXu+7drZEjR+4A5KTME0bVrx9Ro1zBwz3rzUbzsHcptxp5rFzp+f3cCdTME0bJjb4BGUVN/Jb3YY\ndp/On5+f3ynsOoOyY4dtvcUfyobRfia/U9h1btxoTl+J2zTVqtn3nD8/u/aDko/vXqoUws8gVT6D\nrFi82AboRKpXt4O9sizS48Tq9DtU3G+/iuadyS6gWLlsBu5kdca8XL/7Lrw6Yc/vlA+S/U6Jbe/c\naRZGfoNsLnKm+52Kpc6gLFtmZzDxVj+5tl9ebtue7drt+V4u3ynob+930BxG+0EJKmdVoBB+Bn55\njtvmUuGSJdAmSWbPdu3sB85nnQsW+A9cjRqZMlm3LvP2k9Xp136UdWZCsj5NbDu2gkk8aPYrG5Ty\nclMwiVtkudQJyfs0yv7Mpf3vvjMnrzp1wqtTNfhvX6zXaOvWFqIi15AcpUQhlAHs6YGc0251Pm6K\nsrLgdZaV2Z5m2O2XQp2ZkOx3atbM9oJj+8H5kPO773avqsKqUzW5rG3b2veND10SNplco0HJx720\nfr1NiuId45LVWazXaM2asM8+thqrKhTC6SxwPoOgTmdlZRa2wY+2bbO/KZJdlG3b7g6uFiub7AaK\ntR+LmZRJ++nqzJQlS5I74OX7Rks1OxSx1xcvNuemfH33dINcpr4GqQa5OnXs9ZUrLZRCPkh3jb79\nduZ1phqMs+37IAN8rO/T/U558K2qQJDv77eFFiUl63SG5TO4BhiZLp9BUKezdBdQNqEWliyBo45K\nXmfMGzPVIBcrWyyz+LIyGJAkRmy7djB5cuZ1BmXVKju4Tjy8jm8/pgwKvSpq0MD23TP1ME1VJ+yW\nNZ/KINV1l81ZWaG3XBs0sFn3mjW2NVhWVtGTP4z2g7Jjh60gk/1ehViZZEPROp2l8zPIRz6DKLeJ\nggxypXBT5vtCT9V2YvupyjZtasEHM80XEKT9TH+nTL5TPij0NlE++z7Ib5/v/ly+3LYsaySZEher\nMsgXYZwZPA6sBxYB/0j0Mwg7n0Fs3zYfN0WQpW2qctm2v369WdQ0ahRenRDtfmzQWTSk7lOR7GTN\nx++UjzrDar95c7uOMjWrTvU7Zdv3qe5PqFhnumu0rCx//jCZXKNVgVzTXlYH/oH5GXQFhojIQT5F\nQ8tnsGaNeUbWr+//fj5mSA0bmtnq2rWZXeiZtN22bfL962zq3LLFBod99vF/v1Ur88kII1WnH5nM\nDvPRp6VSZyak6tNq1bIzq87Haieo0kw3sYutwLMxqw4qZ5S/Z7GR68qgNzBXVReq6nZgJDDQp1xo\nsRzT/YB7721pDr//PnidGzfa4JnocBZP7MLI182Tqs62bc38MpNkH0uX2l6on/022NK4efNwciz7\nEdZWQWLZsNrP5nA0ysEj3VlVtu1H2ffr19tzvwP5xLL5wCmDiuSqDPx8CBK7N9R8BulmZyJ2AWUy\nQ4pdFKksS2IXRrqlZaztTJa26b5T7doWKyZZ7mA/0s3OIL8Xe5AleKyf8nFT5mMLIMpthdWrzWIp\nlswprPaD/k6Z1hnkvCbdijhWNuprtKqQqzIIMuTF8hn0BO7H8hlkTZBBLtPZRLrBKL7OdGXr17fB\ne9WqzNoP+zuluyEhvzda0NnhqlXmC5BqkCuWWXw+VhthtZ1N+99/b9uEjRuHVycE3yYq9mu0ZUu7\nPnPJnlhK5GpamuhD0A5bHewi23wGyfwMgt4US3w9GfwJclHGtmqCDtxLlgSPbb9kiaXtDFJnUDKR\nMx+k+52aNLGBaNas8OXcsMHMBtMNcpl+93R92qaNrd527tydujQsgl6jM2cGrzPIirhtW3jxxeB1\nbt1qZ2vNm6euc8mS4r9Gq1e3hFXLlmWfXCofFKufwadAJxFpDywFBgND4gt4cYhWqqqmy2cQxM+g\nrAwOPzx1mdatM9sLD3JRtm5tdvlBb8olSyqm0ktFWRmcemqwOoOSj9VGJqRbgotYn37ySfjKPcgg\n16aNlQvqeLZ1q4UZSXYgD+a70KSJOZ4lBl7LlaDXaCaOZ+l+o1idmdxL6c6q4usMei9l40wXhEy+\nfzEpg6L0M1DVHZhD2ZvADGCUqs7MZz6DICuDNm0yVwbp6mzdOvhspk2b7M4swqwzyIWeaZ1B2bQp\n/YF8rP1PPslPf6ars359G7zXpAqxGMfSpTbApxr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       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f5c71d2aad0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f2287962410>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chap2.ipynb b/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chap2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 645ce13f..00000000
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chap2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"nbformat_minor": 0, "cells": [{"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 01: Page 156", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 3, "cell_type": "code", "source": "#To generate a sequence a_n=1/n\ni=1.0 #floating point division\nn=input(\"enter the number of terms in the sequence\");\nprint \"a_n=1/n\"\nprint \"when n=\",n,\"a_n is\"\nfor i in range(1,n+1): #iteration till the number of terms specified by the user\n    a=1.0/i\n    print \"1/\",i,\",\",\nprint \"\\n\"\nfor i in range(1,n+1): #iteration till the number of terms specified by the user\n    a=1.0/i\n    print a,\",\",\n\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "enter the number of terms in the sequence5\na_n=1/n\nwhen n= 5 a_n is\n1/ 1 , 1/ 2 , 1/ 3 , 1/ 4 , 1/ 5 , \n\n1.0 , 0.5 , 0.333333333333 , 0.25 , 0.2 ,\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 02: Page 157", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 5, "cell_type": "code", "source": "n=input(\"Enter the number of terms in the sequence to generate the geometric progression\");\ni=1\nprint\"the list of terms\",\nfor i in range (n+1):print\"b\",i,\",\",\nprint \"begins with\", \nfor i in range (n+1): #iterate for the number of terms given as input\n    b_n=(-1)**i\n    print b_n,\nprint\"\\n\",\"the list of terms\",\nfor i in range (n+1):print\"c\",i,\",\",\nprint \"begins with\",   \nfor i in range (n+1): #iterate for the number of terms given as input\n    c_n=2*(5**i)\n    print c_n,\nprint\"\\n\",\"the list of terms\",\nfor i in range (n+1):print\"c\",i,\",\",\nprint \"begins with\",\nfor i in range (n+1): #iterate for the number of terms given as input\n    d_n=6.0*((1.0/3.0)**i)\n    print d_n, #prints the fraction values in decimals.  Floating point division\n\n    \n   \n    \n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the number of terms in the sequence to generate the geometric progression5\nthe list of terms b 0 , b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4 , b 5 , begins with 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 \nthe list of terms c 0 , c 1 , c 2 , c 3 , c 4 , c 5 , begins with 2 10 50 250 1250 6250 \nthe list of terms c 0 , c 1 , c 2 , c 3 , c 4 , c 5 , begins with 6.0 2.0 0.666666666667 0.222222222222 0.0740740740741 0.0246913580247\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 03: Page 157", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 6, "cell_type": "code", "source": "n=input(\"Enter the number terms in the sequence\");\ns_n=-1+4*n\nt_n=7-3*n\ni=0\nprint \"The list of terms\",\nfor i in range(n):  \n    print \"s\",i,\",\",\nprint \"begins with\",\nfor i in range(n):#generates the sequence for -1*4i\n    print -1+4*i,\nprint \"\\nThe list of terms\",\nfor i in range(n):\n    print \"t\",i,\",\",\nprint \"begins with\",\nfor i in range(n):#generates the sequence for 7-3i\n    print 7-3*i,\n    \n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the number terms in the sequence5\nThe list of terms s 0 , s 1 , s 2 , s 3 , s 4 , begins with -1 3 7 11 15 \nThe list of terms t 0 , t 1 , t 2 , t 3 , t 4 , begins with 7 4 1 -2 -5\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 05: Page 158", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 9, "cell_type": "code", "source": "a=[2,0,0,0] #assigning a[0]=2 (Given)\n\nfor i in range(1,4):#iteration to run till a[3]\n    a[i]=a[i-1]+3\n    print \"a[\",i,\"]\",a[i]", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "a[ 1 ] 5\na[ 2 ] 8\na[ 3 ] 11\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 06: Page 158", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 11, "cell_type": "code", "source": "a=[3,5,0,0] #assingning a[0],a[1] to the given values\n\nfor i in range(2,4): # iterations to find the successive values. If values are to be found for further terms the for loop \"stop\" has to be modified\n    a[i]=a[i-1]-a[i-2]\n    print \"a[\",i,\"]\",a[i]", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "a[ 2 ] 2\na[ 3 ] -3\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 07: Page 158 ", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 1, "cell_type": "code", "source": "f=[0,1,0,0,0,0,0] #assingning a[0],a[1] to the given values\nprint \"Fibonacci series is\"\nfor i in range(2,7): # iterations to find the successive values. If values are to be found for further terms the for loop \"stop\" has to be modified\n    f[i]=f[i-1]+f[i-2]\n    print \"f[\",i,\"]=f[\",i-1,\"]+f[\",i-2,\"]=\",f[i]", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Fibonacci series is\nf[ 2 ]=f[ 1 ]+f[ 0 ]= 1\nf[ 3 ]=f[ 2 ]+f[ 1 ]= 2\nf[ 4 ]=f[ 3 ]+f[ 2 ]= 3\nf[ 5 ]=f[ 4 ]+f[ 3 ]= 5\nf[ 6 ]=f[ 5 ]+f[ 4 ]= 8\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 08: Page 159 ", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 3, "cell_type": "code", "source": "n=1\nresult=0\nnumber=input(\"Enter the number\");\nfor i in range(1,number):\n    n=n+i*n \nprint \"The factorial of\",number,\"is\",n\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the number5\nThe factorial of 5 is 120\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 18: Page 164", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 2, "cell_type": "code", "source": "#finding the summation of j^2\nup=input(\"Enter the upper limit for the operation j^2\");\nlow=input(\"Enter the lower limit for the operation j^2\");\nsum=0\nprint \"The square of terms form 1 to n\",\nfor j in range (low,up+1): #summation.  Iteration from lower to upper limit.\n    print j,\"^2+\",\n    j=j**2 #square function is computed as '**'\n    sum=sum+j\nprint \"=\",sum\n                \n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the upper limit for the operation j^25\nEnter the lower limit for the operation j^21\nThe square of terms form 1 to n 1 ^2+ 2 ^2+ 3 ^2+ 4 ^2+ 5 ^2+ = 55\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 19: Page 164", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 1, "cell_type": "code", "source": "k=4 #lower limit\nsum=0\nprint \"The value for the sequence\",\nfor k in range (4,8+1,1): #8+1 , 8 is the upper limit, in python to make for loop run till the limit equal to upper limit we give a +1.\n    print \"(-1)^\",k,\"+\",\n    sum=sum+((-1)**k)\nprint \"=\",sum\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "The value for the sequence (-1)^ 4 + (-1)^ 5 + (-1)^ 6 + (-1)^ 7 + (-1)^ 8 + = 1\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 21: Page 165", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 3, "cell_type": "code", "source": "\nglobals()['j']=0\ni=0\nglobals()['s']=0\nupj=input(\"Enter the upper limit for the inner summation\");\nlowj=input(\"Enter the lower limit for the inner summation\");\nupi=input(\"Enter the upper limit for the outer summation\");\nlowi=input(\"Enter the lower limit for the outer summation\");\nfor i in range (lowj,upj+1):\n    j=j+i\nfor l in range(lowi,upi+1):\n    s=s+(j*l)\nprint s\n    \n    \n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the upper limit for the inner summation3\nEnter the lower limit for the inner summation1\nEnter the upper limit for the outer summation4\nEnter the lower limit for the outer summation1\n60\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {"collapsed": true}}, {"source": "## Example 13: Page 161", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {"collapsed": true}}, {"execution_count": 4, "cell_type": "code", "source": "#To print series 1 once, 2 twice, 3 thrice and so on\na=[]\ni=1\nfor i in range(1,10+1): #for loop to initialise the number\n    for j in range(1,i+1):#for loop to iterate to make the count\n        print i,\n    ", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 22: Page 166", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 5, "cell_type": "code", "source": "s=0 #initialise it to zero to store the results\nglobals()['res']=0 #difining result as global variable since it has to be accessed outside the loop\nprint \"Sum of values of s for all the members of the set {\",\nfor s in range (0,4+1,2): #iterate for terms 0,4,6\n    print s,\n    res=res+s\nprint \"} is\",res\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Sum of values of s for all the members of the set { 0 2 4 } is 6\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 02: Page 178", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 6, "cell_type": "code", "source": "def getmat(): #function to get the matrix elements\n    m = int(input('number of rows, m = '))\n    n = int(input('number of columns, n = '))\n    matrix = []; columns = []\n\n    for i in range(0,m):\n        matrix.append([])\n        for j in range(0,n):\n            matrix[i].append(0)\n            print ('entry in row: ',i+1,' column: ',j+1)\n            matrix[i][j] = int(input())\n    return (matrix)\n\ndef matrixADD(m1,m2): #function to add the matrix.\n    z=[]\n    for i in range (len(m1)):\n        tem = []\n        for j in range (len(m2)):\n            x=m1[i][j]+m2[i][j]\n            tem.append(x)\n        z.append(tem)\n    return z    \n        \n\n\nmat1=[]\nmat2=[]\nZ=[]\nprint \"Enter the elements of matrix 1\"\nmat1=getmat() #function call\nprint \"Enter the elements of matrix 2\"\nmat2=getmat() #function call\nprint \"Addition of \\n matrix 1\",mat1,\"and \\n matrix 2\",mat2,\"is \\n\",matrixADD(mat1,mat2) #function call to add \n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the elements of matrix 1\nnumber of rows, m = 3\nnumber of columns, n = 3\n('entry in row: ', 1, ' column: ', 1)\n1\n('entry in row: ', 1, ' column: ', 2)\n0\n('entry in row: ', 1, ' column: ', 3)\n-1\n('entry in row: ', 2, ' column: ', 1)\n2\n('entry in row: ', 2, ' column: ', 2)\n2\n('entry in row: ', 2, ' column: ', 3)\n-3\n('entry in row: ', 3, ' column: ', 1)\n3\n('entry in row: ', 3, ' column: ', 2)\n4\n('entry in row: ', 3, ' column: ', 3)\n0\nEnter the elements of matrix 2\nnumber of rows, m = 3\nnumber of columns, n = 3\n('entry in row: ', 1, ' column: ', 1)\n3\n('entry in row: ', 1, ' column: ', 2)\n4\n('entry in row: ', 1, ' column: ', 3)\n-1\n('entry in row: ', 2, ' column: ', 1)\n1\n('entry in row: ', 2, ' column: ', 2)\n-3\n('entry in row: ', 2, ' column: ', 3)\n0\n('entry in row: ', 3, ' column: ', 1)\n-1\n('entry in row: ', 3, ' column: ', 2)\n1\n('entry in row: ', 3, ' column: ', 3)\n2\nAddition of \n matrix 1 [[1, 0, -1], [2, 2, -3], [3, 4, 0]] and \n matrix 2 [[3, 4, -1], [1, -3, 0], [-1, 1, 2]] is \n[[4, 4, -2], [3, -1, -3], [2, 5, 2]]\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 03: Page 179", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 7, "cell_type": "code", "source": "\n# Program to multiply two matrices using nested loops\n\n# 3x3 matrix\nX = [[1,0,4],\n    [2,1,1],\n    [3,1,0],\n     [0,2,2]]\n# 3x4 matrix\nY = [[2,4],\n    [1,1],\n    [3,0]]\n# result is 3x4\nresult = [[0,0],\n         [0,0],\n         [0,0,],\n          [0,0]]\n\n# iterate through rows of X\nfor i in range(len(X)):\n   # iterate through columns of Y\n   for j in range(len(Y[0])):\n       # iterate through rows of Y\n       for k in range(len(Y)):\n           result[i][j] += X[i][k] * Y[k][j]\nprint \"The multiplication of the two matrices AB is\"\n\nfor r in result:\n   print(r)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "The multiplication of the two matrices AB is\n[14, 4]\n[8, 9]\n[7, 13]\n[8, 2]\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 02: Basic Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums and Matrices", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 05: Page 181", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 8, "cell_type": "code", "source": "# Program to transpose a matrix using nested loop\n# iterate through rows\ndef mattrans(X,result):\n    print \"The transpose is\"\n    for i in range(len(X)):\n   # iterate through columns\n       for j in range(len(X[0])):\n           result[j][i] = X[i][j]\n    for r in result:\n        print(r)\n        \ndef getmat():\n    row = int(input('number of rows = '))\n    col = int(input('number of columns = '))\n    matrix = []; columns = []\n\n    for i in range(0,row):\n        matrix.append([])\n        for j in range(0,col):\n            matrix[i].append(0)\n            print ('entry in row: ',i+1,' column: ',j+1)\n            matrix[i][j] = int(input())\n    for c in range(col):\n        for r in range(row):\n            result[c][r]=0\n    mattrans(matrix,result)\n    \n\n\nprint \"Enter the elements of the matrix\"\ngetmat()\n#mattrans(mat1)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the elements of the matrix\nnumber of rows = 2\nnumber of columns = 3\n('entry in row: ', 1, ' column: ', 1)\n1\n('entry in row: ', 1, ' column: ', 2)\n2\n('entry in row: ', 1, ' column: ', 3)\n3\n('entry in row: ', 2, ' column: ', 1)\n4\n('entry in row: ', 2, ' column: ', 2)\n5\n('entry in row: ', 2, ' column: ', 3)\n6\nThe transpose is\n[1, 4]\n[2, 5]\n[3, 6]\n[8, 2]\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}], "nbformat": 4, "metadata": {"kernelspec": {"display_name": "Python 2", "name": "python2", "language": "python"}, "language_info": {"mimetype": "text/x-python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "version": "2.7.9", "name": "python", "file_extension": ".py", "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", "codemirror_mode": {"version": 2, "name": "ipython"}}}}
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-{"nbformat_minor": 0, "cells": [{"source": "#Chapter 01: The Foundations: Logic and Proofs\n", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 01:Page 02", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 1, "cell_type": "code", "source": "print \"The following sentences are Propositions\" #Proposition should be a declarative sentence or should result in either a YES or a NO.\n\nprint \"1.  Washington D.C is the capital of the United States of America\\n2.  Toronto is the capital of Canada\\n3.  1+1=2.\\n4.  2+2=3.\" #Since these statements are declarative and they answer the question YES or NO they are called propositions.\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "The following sentences are Propositions\n1.  Washington D.C is the capital of the United States of America\n2.  Toronto is the capital of Canada\n3.  1+1=2.\n4.  2+2=3.\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 01: The Foundations: Logic and Proofs", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 02:Page 02", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 2, "cell_type": "code", "source": "print \"1.  What time is it? \\n2.  Read this carefully. \\n3.  x+1=2.\\n4.  x+y=Z.\"\nprint\"Sentences 1 and 2 are not propositions since they are not declarative.  Sentences 3 and 4 are neither true nor false and so they are not propositions.\"\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "1.  What time is it? \n2.  Read this carefully. \n3.  x+1=2.\n4.  x+y=Z.\nSentences 1 and 2 are not propositions since they are not declarative.  Sentences 3 and 4 are neither true nor false and so they are not propositions.\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 01: The Foundations: Logic and Proofs", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 03:Page 03", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 9, "cell_type": "code", "source": "print \"Propositon p=Michael's PC runs Linux.\"\nprint \"\\n Negation of p is ~p : It is not the case that Michael's PC runs Linux.\"\nprint \"\\n Negation of p is ~p : Michae's PC does not run.\"#Negation is opposite of the truth value of the proposition expressed with \"it is not the case that\" or with \"not\".\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Propositon p=Michael's PC runs Linux.\n\n Negation of p is ~p : It is not the case that Michael's PC runs Linux.\n\n Negation of p is ~p : Michae's PC does not run.\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 01: The Foundations: Logic and Proofs", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 04:Page 03", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 10, "cell_type": "code", "source": "print \"Let p=Vandana's smartphone has at least 32GB of memory.\"\nprint \"The negation of p is ( ~p ) :It is not the case that Vandana's smartphone has at least 32GB of memory.\"\nprint \"Or in simple English ( ~p ): Vandana's smartphone does not have at least 32GB of memory.\"\nprint \"Or even more simple as ( ~p ): Vandana's smartphone has less than 32GB of memory.\"\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Let p=Vandana's smartphone has at least 32GB of memory.\nThe negation of p is ( ~p ) :It is not the case that Vandana's smartphone has at least 32GB of memory.\nOr in simple English ( ~p ): Vandana's smartphone does not have at least 32GB of memory.\nOr even more simple as ( ~p ): Vandana's smartphone has less than 32GB of memory.\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 01: The Foundations: Logic and Proofs", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 05:Page 04", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 11, "cell_type": "code", "source": "p=\"Rebecca's PC has more than 16GB free hard disk space\"\nq=\"The processor in Rebecca's PC runs faster than 1GHz\"\nprint \"Let p,q be two propositions\"\nprint \"Let p=\",p,\"\\n\",\"Let q=\",q\nprint \"Conjunction of p^q is : \"+p+\" and \"+q #conjunction combines two propositons with \"and\"\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Let p,q be two propositions\nLet p= Rebecca's PC has more than 16GB free hard disk space \nLet q= The processor in Rebecca's PC runs faster than 1GHz\nConjunction of p^q is : Rebecca's PC has more than 16GB free hard disk space and The processor in Rebecca's PC runs faster than 1GHz\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 01: The Foundations: Logic and Proofs", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 06:Page 05", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 12, "cell_type": "code", "source": "p=\"Rebecca's PC has more than 16GB free hard disk space\"\nq=\"The processor in Rebecca's PC runs faster than 1GHz\"\nprint \"Let p,q be two propositions\"\nprint \"Let p=\",p,\"\\n\",\"Let q=\",q\nprint \"Disjunction of p\\/q is : \"+p+\" or \"+q #unavailability of cup symbol.  So \\/\n#Disjunction combines two propositons using OR \n\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Let p,q be two propositions\nLet p= Rebecca's PC has more than 16GB free hard disk space \nLet q= The processor in Rebecca's PC runs faster than 1GHz\nDisjunction of p\\/q is : Rebecca's PC has more than 16GB free hard disk space or The processor in Rebecca's PC runs faster than 1GHz\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 01: The Foundations: Logic and Proofs", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "##Example 07:Page 07", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 14, "cell_type": "code", "source": "p=\"Maria learns discrete mathematics\"\nq=\"Maria will find a good job\"\nprint\"Let p=\",p,\"\\n\",\"Let q=\",q\nprint\"p->q is : \"+\"If \"+p+\" then \"+q #p->q p implies q means If P then Q.\nprint\"p->q is also expressed as :\",q,\" when \",p\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Let p= Maria learns discrete mathematics \nLet q= Maria will find a good job\np->q is : If Maria learns discrete mathematics then Maria will find a good job\np->q is also expressed as : Maria will find a good job  when  Maria learns discrete mathematics\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 01: The Foundations: Logic and Proofs", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {"collapsed": true}}, {"source": "## Example 01:Page 37", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 15, "cell_type": "code", "source": "def p(x): #Function defined to check whether the given statements are true.\n    if(x>3):\n        print \"p(\",x,\") which is the statement\",x,\">3, is true\"\n    else:\n        print \"p(\",x,\") which is the statement\",x,\">3, is false\"\np(4)#Fuction call \np(2)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "p( 4 ) which is the statement 4 >3, is true\np( 2 ) which is the statement 2 >3, is false\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 01: The Foundations: Logic and Proofs", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 02:Page 38", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 17, "cell_type": "code", "source": "x1=\"CS1\" #Defining systems to check whether they are under attack through a function.\nx2=\"CS2\"\nx3=\"MATH1\"\ndef A(x):\n    if(x==\"CS1\"):                #Since cs1 and Math1 are the two computers under attack\n        print \"A(\",x,\") is true.\"\n    else:\n        if(x==\"MATH1\"):         #Since CS1 and MATH1 are the two computers under attack\n            print \"A(\",x,\") is true.\"\n        else:\n           print\"A(\",x,\") is false.\"\nprint \"Systems under attack are CS1 and MATH1.  The truth values for the same are calculated using functions.\"\nA(x1)#Function call \nA(x2)\nA(x3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Systems under attack are CS1 and MATH1.  The truth values for the same are calculated using functions.\nA( CS1 ) is true.\nA( CS2 ) is false.\nA( MATH1 ) is true.\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}], "nbformat": 4, "metadata": {"kernelspec": {"display_name": "Python 2", "name": "python2", "language": "python"}, "language_info": {"mimetype": "text/x-python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "version": "2.7.9", "name": "python", "file_extension": ".py", "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", "codemirror_mode": {"version": 2, "name": "ipython"}}}}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter6.ipynb b/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 485e6b32..00000000
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"nbformat_minor": 0, "cells": [{"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 01: Page 386", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 1, "cell_type": "code", "source": "n=2 #number of employees\nr=12 #number of office rooms\nways_alloc_sanchez=12\nways_alloc_patel=11\n\n#By PRODUCT RULE\nprint \"Total ways to assign offices to these employees is\",ways_alloc_sanchez*ways_alloc_patel\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Total ways to assign offices to these employees is 132\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 02: Page 386", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 2, "cell_type": "code", "source": "alphabets=26 #Total number of alphabets\nposint=100 #Total positive numbers not beyond 100\n\n#number of chairs to be labelled with a alphabet and an integer using product rule\nprint \"Total number of chairs that can be labelled with an alphabet and an integer is\",alphabets*posint\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Total number of chairs that can be labelled with an alphabet and an integer is 2600\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 03: Page 386", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 3, "cell_type": "code", "source": "mc=32 #total number of microcomputers\nport=24 #total number of ports in each microcomputer\n\n#total number of different ports to a microcomputer in the center are found using product rule\n\nprint \"total number of ports\",mc*port\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "total number of ports 768\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 04: Page 386", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 4, "cell_type": "code", "source": "bits=2 #possible bits either 0 or 1\nns=7 #number of bits in the string (ie). length of the string\n # 7 bits are capable of taking either 0 or 1 so by PRODUCT RULE\nprint \"Total different bit strings of lenth seven are\",bits**ns\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Total different bit strings of lenth seven are 128\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 05: Page 387", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 7, "cell_type": "code", "source": "letters=26 #number of letters in english alphabet\nno_of_letters=3 #number of letters \nchoices=10 #number of choices for each letter\nresult=1#in order to avoid junk values.  Assigned it to 1.\nfor i in range(0,no_of_letters):\n    result=result*letters*choices\nprint \"The total number of choices are\",result", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "The total number of choices are 17576000\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 01: Page 407", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 10, "cell_type": "code", "source": "def permutation(n,r): #function definition\n    \n    i=n\n    result=1\n    for i in range((n-r)+1,n+1): #computing the permutation\n       result=result*i\n    \n    return result\n\nprint \"The number of ways to select 3 students from a group of 5 students to line up for a picture is \",permutation(5,3) #function call\nprint \"The number of ways to select 5 students from a group of 5 students to line up for a picture is \",permutation(5,5) #function call\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "The number of ways to select 3 students from a group of 5 students to line up for a picture is  60\nThe number of ways to select 5 students from a group of 5 students to line up for a picture is  120\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 04: Page 409", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 1, "cell_type": "code", "source": "def permutation(n,r): #function definition\n    \n    i=n\n    result=1\n    for i in range((n-r)+1,n+1): #permutation computation\n       result=result*i\n    return result\nnum=input(\"Enter the number of people\")\nperm=input(\"Enter the prizes\")\nprint \"The number of ways to decide the prize winners is\",permutation(num,perm) #function call\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the number of people100\nEnter the prizes3\nThe number of ways to decide the prize winners is 970200\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 05: Page 409", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 2, "cell_type": "code", "source": "def permutation(n,r):\n    \n    i=n\n    result=1\n    for i in range((n-r)+1,n+1):\n       result=result*i\n    \n    return result\nnum=input(\"Enter the number of runners\")\nperm=input(\"Enter the number of prizes\")\nprint \"The number of ways to decide the prize winners is\",permutation(num,perm)\n\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the number of runners8\nEnter the number of prizes3\nThe number of ways to decide the prize winners is 336\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 06: Page 409", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 3, "cell_type": "code", "source": "def calc(n):\n    \n    i=n\n    result=1\n    for i in range(1,n): #find the number of ways to decide the path. since the first city us decided. The for loop is from 1 to n\n      result=result*i\n    \n    return result\nnum=input(\"Enter the number of cities\") \nprint \"The number of possible ways to decide the path is\",calc(num)\n\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the number of cities8\nThe number of possible ways to decide the path is 5040\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 10: Page 410", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 5, "cell_type": "code", "source": "def combination(n,r): #combination function\n    i=n\n    numerator=1\n    denominator=1\n    for i in range((n-r)+1,n+1):#computes the value of the numerator \n       numerator=numerator*i\n    for j in range (1,r+1): #computes the value of the denominator\n        denominator=denominator*j\n    result=numerator/denominator #computes result\n    return result\nnum=input(\"Enter the number of elements\")\ncomb=input(\"Enter the combinations\")\nprint \"The number of combinations are \",combination(num,comb)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the number of elements4\nEnter the combinations2\nThe number of combinations are  6\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 12: Page 412", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 7, "cell_type": "code", "source": "def combination(n,r): #function definition for combination\n    i=n\n    numerator=1\n    denominator=1\n    for i in range((n-r)+1,n+1):\n       numerator=numerator*i\n    for j in range (1,r+1):\n        denominator=denominator*j\n    result=numerator/denominator\n    return result\nnum=input(\"Enter the number of members in a team\")\ncomb=input(\"Enter the number of players\")\nprint \"The number of combinations are \",combination(num,comb) #function call\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the number of members in a team10\nEnter the number of players5\nThe number of combinations are  252\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 13: Page 412", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 8, "cell_type": "code", "source": "def combination(n,r): #function definition\n    i=n\n    numerator=1\n    denominator=1\n    for i in range((n-r)+1,n+1):\n       numerator=numerator*i\n    for j in range (1,r+1):\n        denominator=denominator*j\n    result=numerator/denominator\n    return result\nnum=input(\"Enter the total number of astronauts\")\ncomb=input(\"Enter the number of astronauts to be selected \")\nprint \"The total number of combinations of selected astronauts to Mars are \",combination(num,comb) #function call\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the total number of astronauts30\nEnter the number of astronauts to be selected 6\nThe total number of combinations of selected astronauts to Mars are  593775\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "#Chapter 06: Counting", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 15: Page 413", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 9, "cell_type": "code", "source": "def combination(n,r): #Function definition\n    i=n\n    numerator=1\n    denominator=1\n    for i in range((n-r)+1,n+1): #computation of the numerator\n       numerator=numerator*i\n    for j in range (1,r+1): #computation of the denominator\n        denominator=denominator*j\n    result=numerator/denominator\n    return result\nnum1=input(\"Enter the total number of faculty in computer science department\")\ncomb1=input(\"Enter the number of faculty to be selected for computer science department\")\nnum2=input(\"Enter the total number of faculty in maths department\")\ncomb2=input(\"Enter the number of faculty to be selected for maths department\")\n\nprint \"The total number of combinations of selected faculties are \",combination(num1,comb1)*combination(num2,comb2) #Function call\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Enter the total number of faculty in computer science department9\nEnter the number of faculty to be selected for computer science department3\nEnter the total number of faculty in maths department11\nEnter the number of faculty to be selected for maths department4\nThe total number of combinations of selected faculties are  27720\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}], "nbformat": 4, "metadata": {"kernelspec": {"display_name": "Python 2", "name": "python2", "language": "python"}, "language_info": {"mimetype": "text/x-python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "version": "2.7.9", "name": "python", "file_extension": ".py", "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", "codemirror_mode": {"version": 2, "name": "ipython"}}}}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter5.ipynb b/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/screenshots/screenshots_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 14960493..14960493 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/screenshots/screenshots_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter2.ipynb b/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 1cfc005c..00000000
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,281 +0,0 @@
-{

- "cells": [

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "source": [

-    "# Chapter 2:Band Theory of Solids"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": true

-   },

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 2.1,Page No:2.2"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 9,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "Lowest three permissable quantum energies are  E1 = 6 eV\n",

-      " E2 = 24 eV\n",

-      " E3 = 54 eV\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "h   = 6.63*10**-34;          # plancks constant in J.s\n",

-    "m   = 9.1*10**-31;           # mass of electron in kg\n",

-    "a   = 2.5*10**-10;           # width of infinite square well\n",

-    "e   = 1.6*10**-19;           # charge of electron coulombs\n",

-    "n2  = 2;                     #number of  permiissable quantum\n",

-    "n3  = 3;                     #number of  permiissable quantum\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Calculations\n",

-    "E1  = (h**2)/float(8*m*a**2*e);      # first lowest permissable quantum energy  in eV\n",

-    "E2  = n2**2 *E1;                     # second lowest permissable quantum energy in eV\n",

-    "E3  = n3**2 *E1;                     # second lowest permissable quantum energy in eV\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Result\n",

-    "print'Lowest three permissable quantum energies are  E1 = %d'%E1,'eV';\n",

-    "print' E2 = %d'%E2,'eV';\n",

-    "print' E3 = %d'%E3,'eV';"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 2.2,Page No:2.4"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 10,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "Energy Difference = 113.21  eV\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "h   = 6.63*10**-34;          # plancks constant in J.s\n",

-    "m   = 9.1*10**-31;           # mass of electron in kg\n",

-    "a   = 10**-10;               # width of infinite square well in m\n",

-    "e   = 1.6*10**-19;           # charge of electron in coulombs\n",

-    "n1  = 1;                     #energy level constant\n",

-    "n2  = 2;                     #energy level constant\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# calculations\n",

-    "E1  = ((n1**2)*(h**2))/float(8*m*(a**2)*e);      # ground state energy in eV\n",

-    "E2  = ((n2**2)*(h**2))/float(8*m*(a**2)*e);      # first excited state in energy in eV\n",

-    "dE  = E2-E1                                      # difference between first excited and ground state(E2 - E1)\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#Result\n",

-    "print'Energy Difference = %3.2f '%dE,'eV';\n",

-    "\n",

-    " \n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 2.3,Page No:2.5"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 11,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "First Three Energy levels are \n",

-      " E1 = 1.51 eV\n",

-      " E2 = 6 eV\n",

-      " E3 = 13.59 eV\n",

-      "\n",

-      " Above calculation shows that the energy of the bound electron cannot be continuous\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Variable declaration\n",

-    "h   = 6.63*10**-34;           # plancks constant in J.s\n",

-    "m   = 9.1*10**-31;            # mass of electron in kg\n",

-    "a   = 5*10**-10;              # width of infinite potential well in m\n",

-    "e   = 1.6*10**-19;            # charge of electron in coulombs\n",

-    "n1  = 1;                      # energy level constant\n",

-    "n2  = 2;                      # energy level constant\n",

-    "n3  = 3;                      # energy level constant\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#Calculations\n",

-    "E1  = ((n1**2)*(h**2))/(8*m*(a**2)*e);      # first energy level in eV\n",

-    "E2  = ((n2**2)*(h**2))/(8*m*(a**2)*e);      # second energy level in eV\n",

-    "E3  = ((n3**2)*(h**2))/(8*m*(a**2)*e);      # third energy level in eV\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Result\n",

-    "print'First Three Energy levels are \\n E1 = %3.2f'%E1,'eV';\n",

-    "print' E2 = %d'%E2,'eV';\n",

-    "print' E3 = %3.2f'%E3,'eV';\n",

-    "print'\\n Above calculation shows that the energy of the bound electron cannot be continuous';\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 2.4,Page No:2.5"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 12,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "Lowest energy bandwidth = 0.452 eV\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "h   = 1.054*10**-34;          #plancks constant in J.s\n",

-    "m   = 9.1*10**-31;            #mass of electron in kg\n",

-    "a   = 5*10**-10;              #width of infinite potential well in m\n",

-    "e   = 1.6*10**-19;            # charge of electron coulombs\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Calculations\n",

-    "#cos(ka) = ((Psin(alpha*a))/(alpha*a)) + cos(alpha*a)\n",

-    "#to find the lowest allowed energy bandwidth,we have to find the difference in αa values, as ka changes from 0 to π\n",

-    "# for ka = 0 in above eq becomes\n",

-    "# 1 = 10*sin(αa))/(αa)) + cos(αa)\n",

-    "# This gives αa = 2.628 rad\n",

-    "# ka = π , αa = π\n",

-    "# sqrt((2*m*E2)/h**2)*a = π\n",

-    "\n",

-    "E2   = ((math.pi*math.pi)*h**2)/(2*m*a**2*e);        #energy in eV\n",

-    "E1   = ((2.628**2)*h**2)/(2*m*a**2*e);               #for αa = 2.628 rad energy in eV\n",

-    "dE   = E2 - E1;                                      #lowest energy bandwidth in eV\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Result\n",

-    "print'Lowest energy bandwidth = %3.3f'%dE,'eV';\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 2.5,Page No:2.8"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 13,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "Electron Momentum for first Brillouin zone appearance = 1.105e-24 eV\n",

-      "\n",

-      " Energy of free electron with this momentum =  4.2 eV\n",

-      "\n",

-      " Note: in Textbook Momentum value is wrongly printed as 1.1*10**-10\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Variable declaration\n",

-    "a   = 3*10**-10;             # side of 2d square lattice in m\n",

-    "h   = 6.63*10**-34;          # plancks constant in J.s\n",

-    "e   = 1.6*10**-19            # charge of electron in coulombs\n",

-    "m   = 9.1*10**-31;           # mass of electron in kg\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# calculations\n",

-    "#p   = h*k                                              # momentum of the electron\n",

-    "k   = math.pi/float(a);                                 # first Brillouin zone\n",

-    "p   = (h/float(2*math.pi))*(math.pi/float(a));          # momentum of electron\n",

-    "E   = (p**2)/float(2*m*e)                               # Energyin eV\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#Result\n",

-    "print'Electron Momentum for first Brillouin zone appearance = %g'%p,'eV';\n",

-    "print'\\n Energy of free electron with this momentum = %4.1f'%E,'eV';\n",

-    "print'\\n Note: in Textbook Momentum value is wrongly printed as 1.1*10**-10';"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": null,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": true

-   },

-   "outputs": [],

-   "source": []

-  }

- ],

- "metadata": {

-  "kernelspec": {

-   "display_name": "Python 2",

-   "language": "python",

-   "name": "python2"

-  },

-  "language_info": {

-   "codemirror_mode": {

-    "name": "ipython",

-    "version": 2

-   },

-   "file_extension": ".py",

-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",

-   "name": "python",

-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",

-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",

-   "version": "2.7.6"

-  }

- },

- "nbformat": 4,

- "nbformat_minor": 0

-}

diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter7.ipynb b/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter7.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 41199be9..00000000
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,637 +0,0 @@
-{

- "cells": [

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Chapter 7:Junction Rectifier,Transistos and Devices"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.2,Page No:7.7"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 38,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "Increase in temperature necessary to increase Is by a factor by 150 is 72.29  °C\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "#given Is2/Is1 =150\n",

-    "#Is2/Is1 =2**(T2-T1)/10\n",

-    "#dT=10ln(I)/ln(2)\n",

-    "I  = 150;\n",

-    " \n",

-    "\n",

-    "#Calculations\n",

-    "dT  = 10*math.log(I)/float(math.log(2));       #increase in temperature in °C\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#Result\n",

-    "print'Increase in temperature necessary to increase Is by a factor by 150 is %3.2f '%dT,'°C';\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.3,Page No:7.7"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 39,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "Current flowing through germanium diode = 25.0067  uA\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "Io  = 0.25*10**-6;        # large reverse biased current in A\n",

-    "V   = 0.12;               # applied voltage in V\n",

-    "Vt  = 0.026;              # Volt-equivalent of temperature in V\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Calculations\n",

-    "I   = Io*(math.exp(V/float(Vt))-1);     #current in A \n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Result\n",

-    "print'Current flowing through germanium diode = %g '%(I*10**6),'uA';"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.4,Page No:7.12"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 40,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "Diffusion co-efficients of electrons = 4.92e-03 m**2/s\n",

-      "Diffusion co-efficients of holes = 6.99e-04  m**2/s\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "k   = 1.38*10**-23;          # boltzmann constant (m**2)*(kg)*(s**-2)*(K**-1)\n",

-    "e   = 1.6*10**-19;           # charge of electron in coulombs\n",

-    "ue  = 0.19                   # mobility of electron  in m**2.V**-1.s**-1\n",

-    "uh  = 0.027;                 # mobilty of holes in m**2.V**-1.s**-1\n",

-    "T   = 300;                   # temperature in K\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#Calculations\n",

-    "Dn  = ((k*T)/float(e))*ue;           # diffusion constant of electrons in cm**2/s\n",

-    "Dh  = (k*T/float(e))*uh;             # diffusion constant of holes in cm**2/s\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#Result\n",

-    "print'Diffusion co-efficients of electrons = %3.2e'%Dn,'m**2/s';\n",

-    "print'Diffusion co-efficients of holes = %3.2e '%Dh,'m**2/s';\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.6,Page No:7.13"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 41,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "resistance = 10 ohm\n",

-      "Vreb = 1.0e+07 ohm\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "I1  = 20;           #current in mA\n",

-    "V1  = 0.8;          #voltage in volts\n",

-    "V2  = 0.7;          #voltage in volts\n",

-    "I2  = 10;           # current in mA\n",

-    "v3  = -10;          #voltage in volts\n",

-    "I3  = -1*10**-6;     # current in mA\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Calculations\n",

-    "R   = (V1 - V2)/(I1 - I2);     #resistance in ohm\n",

-    "Vreb  = v3/I3;                 #velocity in volts\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#Result\n",

-    "print'resistance = %d'%(R*10**3),'ohm';\n",

-    "print'Vreb = %3.1e'%Vreb,'ohm';\n",

-    "       "

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.7,Page No:7.13"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 42,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "Diffusion constant of electrons = 94.3 cm**2/s\n",

-      "Diffusion constant of electrons = 44.4 cm**2/s\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "T   = 300;                 # temp in kelvin\n",

-    "k   = 1.38*10**-23;        # Boltzmann constant (m**2)*(kg)*(s**-2)*(K**-1)\n",

-    "e   = 1.602*10**-19;       # charge of electron in coulombs\n",

-    "ue  = 3650;                # mobility of electrons \n",

-    "uh  = 1720;                # mobility of holes\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#Calculations\n",

-    "De  = (ue*k*T)/float(e);       # diffusion constant of electrons in cm**2/s\n",

-    "Dh  = (uh*k*T)/float(e);       # diffusion constant of holes in cm**2/s\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Result\n",

-    "print'Diffusion constant of electrons = %3.1f'%De,'cm**2/s';\n",

-    "print'Diffusion constant of electrons = %3.1f'%Dh,'cm**2/s';\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.8,Page No:7.23"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 43,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "Pinch-off voltage = 3.92e-02 V\n",

-      " Note:calculation mistake in text book ,e value is taken as 14.16*10**-12 instead of 141.6*10**-12\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "p   = 2;                 # resistivity in ohm-m\n",

-    "er  = 16;                 #relative dielectrivity of Ge cm**2/s\n",

-    "up  = 1800;               # mobility of holes in cm**2/s\n",

-    "e0  = 8.85*10**-12;       #permitivity in (m**-3)*(kg**-1)*(s**4)*(A**2)\n",

-    "a   = 2*10**-4;           #channel height in m\n",

-    "\n",

-    "# Calculations\n",

-    "qNa  = 1/float(up*p);\n",

-    "e    = e0*er;                      #permitivity in F/cm\n",

-    "Vp   = (qNa*(a**2))/float(2*e);       # pinch-off voltage in V\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#Result\n",

-    "print'Pinch-off voltage = %3.2e'%Vp,'V';\n",

-    "print' Note:calculation mistake in text book ,e value is taken as 14.16*10**-12 instead of 141.6*10**-12';\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.9,Page No:7.23"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 44,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "pinch off velocity =9.2 V\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "a       = 3.5*10**-6;               #channel width in m\n",

-    "N       = 10**21;                   #number of electrons in electrons/m**3\n",

-    "q       = 1.6*10**-19;              #charge of electron in coulombs\n",

-    "er      = 12;                       #dielectric constant F/m\n",

-    "e0      = 8.85*10**-12;             #dielectric constant F/m\n",

-    " \n",

-    "\n",

-    "#calculation\n",

-    "e      = (e0)*(er);                     #permitivityin F/m\n",

-    "Vp     = (q*(a**2)*N)/float(2*e);        #pinch off voltage in V\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#result \n",

-    "print'pinch off velocity =%2.1f'%Vp,'V';"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.10,Page No:7.23"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 45,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "transconductance =2.24 m*A/V\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "IDSS       = 10;               #current in mA\n",

-    "IDS        =2.;                # current in mA\n",

-    "Vp         = -4.0;             #pinch off voltage in V\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#formula\n",

-    "#IDS   = IDSS*((1-(VGS/Vp))**2)\n",

-    "#calculation\n",

-    "VGS        = Vp*(1-(math.sqrt(IDS/float(IDSS))));\n",

-    "gm         = ((-2*IDSS)/float(Vp))*(1-(VGS/float(Vp)));    #transconductance in m*A/V\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#result\n",

-    "print'transconductance =%3.2f'%gm,'m*A/V';"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.11,Page No:7.24"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 46,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "current =1.60 mA\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "VGS       = -3;                       #pinch off voltage in V\n",

-    "IDSS        =10*10**-3;                # current in A\n",

-    "Vp         = -5.0;                     #pinch off voltage in V\n",

-    " \n",

-    "\n",

-    "#calculation\n",

-    "IDS   = IDSS*((1-(VGS/float(Vp)))**2);    #current in mA\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#result\n",

-    "print'current =%3.2f'%(IDS*10**3),'mA';"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.12,Page No:7.24"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 47,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "transconductance =2.05 m S\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "IDS        = 2*10**-3;               #current in mA\n",

-    "IDSS       = 8*10**-3;                # current in mA\n",

-    "Vp         = -4.5;                    #pinch off voltage in V\n",

-    "VGS1       = -1.902;                   #pinch off voltage  when IDS =3*10**-3 A\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#formula\n",

-    "#IDS   = IDSS*((1-(VGS/Vp))**2)\n",

-    "#calculation\n",

-    "VGS        = Vp*(1-(math.sqrt(IDS/float(IDSS))));\n",

-    "gm         = ((-2*IDSS)/float(Vp))*(1-(VGS1/float(Vp)));   #transconductance in m S\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#result\n",

-    "print'transconductance =%3.2f'%(gm/10**-3),'m S';\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.13,Page No:7.25"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 48,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "resistance =1.62e+10 ohms\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "VGS        = 26;                #gate source voltage in V\n",

-    "IG         = 1.6*10**-9;        #gate current in A\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#calculation\n",

-    "R          = VGS/float(IG);           #gate to current resistance in ohms\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#result \n",

-    "print'resistance =%3.2e'%R,'ohms';\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.14,Page No:7.25"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 49,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "transconductance =2.20e-03  ohm\n",

-      "Note:wrong answer in textbook\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "ID1          = 1;                #current in A\n",

-    "ID2          = 2.1;              # current in A\n",

-    "VGS1         = 3.0;              #pinch off voltage in V\n",

-    "VGS2         = 3.5;              #pinch off voltage in V\n",

-    " \n",

-    "\n",

-    "#calculation\n",

-    "dID         = ID2-ID1;\n",

-    "dVGS        = VGS2-VGS1;\n",

-    "gm          = (dID*10**-3)/float(dVGS);   #transconductance in mho\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#result\n",

-    "print'transconductance =%3.2e '%gm,'ohm';\n",

-    "print'Note:wrong answer in textbook';"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.15,Page No:7.25"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 50,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "ac drain resistnce =30.00 k-ohms\n",

-      "transconductance =4000 u mhos\n",

-      "amplification factor=120.00\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "ID1         = 8;                    #drain current in mA\n",

-    "ID2         = 8.3;                  #drain current in mA\n",

-    "VDS1        = 5;                    #drainn source voltage in V\n",

-    "VDS2        = 14;                   #drain source voltage in V\n",

-    "ID3         = 7.1;                  #drain current when VDS constant VGS change\n",

-    "ID4         = 8.3;                  #drain current when VDS constant VGS change\n",

-    "VGS1         = 0.1;                 #drain source voltage in V\n",

-    "VGS2         = 0.4;                 #drain source voltage in V\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#calculation\n",

-    "dID1        = ID2-ID1;\n",

-    "dVDS        = VDS2-VDS1;\n",

-    "rd          = dVDS/float(dID1);                #ac drain resistance\n",

-    "dID2        = ID4-ID3;\n",

-    "dVGS        = VGS2-VGS1;\n",

-    "gm          = dID2/float(dVGS);               #transconductance mhos\n",

-    "u           = rd*gm;                          #amplification factor\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#result\n",

-    "print'ac drain resistnce =%3.2f'%rd,'k-ohms';\n",

-    "print'transconductance =%3.2d'%(gm/10**-3),'u mhos';\n",

-    "print'amplification factor=%3.2f'%u;\n",

-    "\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "markdown",

-   "metadata": {},

-   "source": [

-    "# Example 7.16,Page No:7.26"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": 51,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": false

-   },

-   "outputs": [

-    {

-     "name": "stdout",

-     "output_type": "stream",

-     "text": [

-      "transconductance =3.03  mmhos\n",

-      "Note:transconductance value is wrongly printed in terms of umhos\n"

-     ]

-    }

-   ],

-   "source": [

-    "import math\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#variable declaration\n",

-    "u          = 100;              #amplification factor \n",

-    "rd         = 33*10**3;         #drain resistance  in ohms\n",

-    "\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#calculation\n",

-    "gm          = u/float(rd);         #transconductance in mhos\n",

-    "\n",

-    "#result\n",

-    "print'transconductance =%3.2f'%(gm*10**3),' mmhos';\n",

-    "print'Note:transconductance value is wrongly printed in terms of umhos';\n"

-   ]

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": null,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": true

-   },

-   "outputs": [],

-   "source": []

-  },

-  {

-   "cell_type": "code",

-   "execution_count": null,

-   "metadata": {

-    "collapsed": true

-   },

-   "outputs": [],

-   "source": []

-  }

- ],

- "metadata": {

-  "kernelspec": {

-   "display_name": "Python 2",

-   "language": "python",

-   "name": "python2"

-  },

-  "language_info": {

-   "codemirror_mode": {

-    "name": "ipython",

-    "version": 2

-   },

-   "file_extension": ".py",

-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",

-   "name": "python",

-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",

-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",

-   "version": "2.7.6"

-  }

- },

- "nbformat": 4,

- "nbformat_minor": 0

-}

diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_and_Transformers/APPENDIX_A-3.ipynb b/Electric_Machinery_and_Transformers/APPENDIX.ipynb
index 38a77ec0..38a77ec0 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_and_Transformers/APPENDIX_A-3.ipynb
+++ b/Electric_Machinery_and_Transformers/APPENDIX.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11.ipynb
index 2b1e5d27..3d00cee8 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11.ipynb
@@ -232,23 +232,14 @@
     "print'Rse = %.3f KOhm\\n'%(Rse*10**-3)\n",
     "print'Therefore, Resistor ~ %d KOhm\\n'%round(Rse*10**-3)"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -260,7 +251,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12.ipynb
index 86488f4d..f7a25ebf 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12.ipynb
@@ -285,23 +285,14 @@
     "print'Voltage, Ve = %.3f V'%ve\n",
     "    "
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -313,7 +304,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12_hzQe7ah.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12_hzQe7ah.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f7a25ebf..00000000
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12_hzQe7ah.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,312 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 12: Resistance and DC Circuits"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.1, Page 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnitude, I4 = -3 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "i1=8                                 #current in Amp\n",
-    "i2=1                                #current in Amp\n",
-    "i3=4                                #current in Amp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "i4=i2+i3-i1                                #current in Amp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Magnitude, I4 = %d A'%i4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.2, Page 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "e=12                   #EMF source in volt\n",
-    "v1=3                   #node voltage\n",
-    "v3=3                   #node voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v2=v1+v3-e                   #node voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'V2 = %d V'%v2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.4, Page 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voc = 10 V\n",
-      "R = 100 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#We have used method II for solving our problem by using simultaneous equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a = np.array([[25,-2],[400,-8]]) \n",
-    "b = np.array([[50],[3200]])\n",
-    "c=np.linalg.solve(a,b)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print'Voc = %d V'%c[0]\n",
-    "print'R = %d ohm'%c[1]\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.5, Page 244"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage, V = 7.14\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "r1=100                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "r2=200                 #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "r3=50                 #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "v1=15                 #voltage source\n",
-    "v2=20                 #voltage source\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#Considering 15 V as a source & replace the other voltage source by its internal resistance,\n",
-    "r11=(r2*r3)*(r2+r3)**-1              #resistance in parallel\n",
-    "v11=v1*(r11/(r1+r11))               #voltage\n",
-    "#Considering 20 V as a source & replace the other voltage source by its internal resistance,\n",
-    "r22=(r1*r3)*(r1+r3)**-1              #resistance in parallel\n",
-    "v22=v2*(r22/(r2+r22))               #voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#output of the original circuit\n",
-    "v33=v11+v22\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Voltage, V = %.2f'%v33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.6, Page 246"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Current, I = 1.67 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "r1=10                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "r2=5                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "v2=5                 #voltage source\n",
-    "i=2                 #current in Amp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#Considering 5 V as a source & replace the current source by its internal resistance,\n",
-    "i1=v2*(r1+r2)**-1                   #current using Ohms law\n",
-    "#Considering current source & replace the voltage source by its internal resistance,\n",
-    "r3=(r1*r2)*(r1+r2)**-1              #resistance in parallel\n",
-    "v3=i*r3                         #voltage using Ohms law\n",
-    "i2=v3*r2**-1                   #current using Ohms law\n",
-    "i3=i1+i2                       #total current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Output Current, I = %.2f A'%i3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.8, Page 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "V2 = 33.04 V\n",
-      "V3 = 43.15 V\n",
-      "Current, I1 = 1.73 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "r=25                    #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#We have used for solving our problem by using simultaneous equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a = np.array([[(-13*60**-1),(1*20**-1)],[(1*60**-1),(-9*100**-1)]]) \n",
-    "b = np.array([[-5],[-100*30**-1]])\n",
-    "c=np.linalg.solve(a,b)\n",
-    "i1=c[1]/r                        #required current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print'V2 = %.2f V'%c[0]          #wrong answer in textbook\n",
-    "print'V3 = %.2f V'%c[1]          #wrong answer in textbook\n",
-    "print'Current, I1 = %.2f A'%i1\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.9, Page 253"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "I1 = 326 mA\n",
-      "I2 = 33 mA\n",
-      "I3 = 53 mA\n",
-      "Voltage, Ve = 0.197 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "re=10                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#We have used for solving our problem by using simultaneous equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a = np.array([[(-160),(20), (30)],[(20),(-210), (10)], [(30),(10), (-190)]]) \n",
-    "b = np.array([[-50],[0],[0]])\n",
-    "c=np.linalg.solve(a,b)\n",
-    "ve=re*(c[2]-c[1])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print'I1 = %d mA'%(c[0]*10**3)             #current I1\n",
-    "print'I2 = %d mA'%(c[1]*10**3)              #current I2\n",
-    "print'I3 = %d mA'%(c[2]*10**3)              #current I3\n",
-    "print'Voltage, Ve = %.3f V'%ve\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13.ipynb
index 1fa2be09..3a22e611 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13.ipynb
@@ -254,23 +254,14 @@
     "#Results\n",
     "print'E = %.1f mJ'%(E*10**3)"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -282,7 +273,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14.ipynb
index 09afa64e..d2cdeaa9 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14.ipynb
@@ -234,23 +234,14 @@
     "#Results\n",
     "print'Stored Energy = %d mJ'%(s*10**3)\n"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -262,7 +253,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14_3UXi8E3.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14_3UXi8E3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d2cdeaa9..00000000
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14_3UXi8E3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,261 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 14: Inductance and Magnetic Fields"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.1, Page 280"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic Field Strength, H = 7.96 A/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "i=5                          #current in ampere\n",
-    "l=0.628                      #circumference\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "h=i/l                           #magnetic field strength\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Magnetic Field Strength, H = %.2f A/m'%h"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.2, Page 283"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Magnetomotive Force, H = 3000.00 ampere-turns\n",
-      "(b) Magnetic Field Strength, H = 7500.00 A/m\n",
-      "(c) B = 9.42 mT\n",
-      "(d) Toal Flux, phi = 2.83 uWb\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "i=6                          #current in ampere\n",
-    "n=500                       #turns\n",
-    "l=0.4                      #circumference\n",
-    "uo=4*math.pi*10**-7          #epsilon zero constant\n",
-    "a=300*10**-6                 #area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=n*i                          #Magnetomotive Force\n",
-    "h=f/l                           #magnetic field strength\n",
-    "b=uo*h                          #magnetic induction\n",
-    "phi=b*a                          #flux\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'(a) Magnetomotive Force, H = %.2f ampere-turns'%f\n",
-    "print'(b) Magnetic Field Strength, H = %.2f A/m'%h\n",
-    "print'(c) B = %.2f mT'%(b*10**3)\n",
-    "print'(d) Toal Flux, phi = %.2f uWb'%(phi*10**6)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.3, Page 285"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage, V = 30 mV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "l=10*10**-3                   #inductance in henry\n",
-    "di=3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*di                            #voltage         \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Voltage, V = %d mV'%(v*10**3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.4, Page 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Inductance,L = 30 uH\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "n=400                        #turns\n",
-    "l=200*10**-3                 #circumference\n",
-    "uo=4*math.pi*10**-7          #epsilon zero constant\n",
-    "a=30*10**-6                 #area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "L=(uo*a*n**2)/l                #Inductance in henry               \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Inductance,L = %d uH'%(L*10**6)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.5, Page 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Inductance in series,L = 30 uH\n",
-      "(b) Inductance in parallel,L = 6.67 uH\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "l1=10                #Inductance in henry       \n",
-    "l2=20                #Inductance in henry       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ls=l1+l2                #Inductance in henry               \n",
-    "lp=((l1*l2)*(l1+l2)**-1)    #Inductance in henry       \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'(a) Inductance in series,L = %d uH'%ls\n",
-    "print'(b) Inductance in parallel,L = %.2f uH'%lp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.6, Page 293"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stored Energy = 125 mJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "l=10**-2                #Inductance in henry       \n",
-    "i=5                  #current in ampere    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "s=0.5*l*i**2           #stored energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Stored Energy = %d mJ'%(s*10**3)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15.ipynb
index 427f3ec3..c2fedc94 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15.ipynb
@@ -349,9 +349,9 @@
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16.ipynb
index 2c7bf154..add268a5 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16.ipynb
@@ -180,23 +180,14 @@
     "#Result\n",
     "print'Zl = %s'%Zl"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -208,7 +199,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16_NzhdF5v.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16_NzhdF5v.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index add268a5..00000000
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16_NzhdF5v.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,207 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 16: Power in AC Circuits"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 16.1, Page 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Apparent power, S = 250 VA\n",
-      "(b) Power Factor = 0.866\n",
-      "(c) Active Power, P = 216.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "V=50                     #Voltage\n",
-    "I=5                     #Current in Ampere r.m.s\n",
-    "phase=30                 #in degrees\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "S=V*I                            #apparent power\n",
-    "pf=math.cos(phase*math.pi/180)    #power factor\n",
-    "apf=S*pf                          #active power\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'(a) Apparent power, S = %d VA'%S\n",
-    "print'(b) Power Factor = %.3f'%pf\n",
-    "print'(c) Active Power, P = %.1f'%apf"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 16.2, Page 331"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Apparent Power, P = 2000 W\n",
-      " Active Power, P = 1500 W\n",
-      " Reactive Power, Q = 1322 var\n",
-      " Current I = 8.33 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "pf=0.75                          #power factor\n",
-    "S=2000                           #apparent power in VA\n",
-    "V=240                             #Voltage in volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "apf=S*pf                          #active power\n",
-    "sin=math.sqrt(1-(pf**2)) \n",
-    "Q=S*sin                           #Reactive Power\n",
-    "I=S*V**-1                          #Current\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print' Apparent Power, P = %d W'%S\n",
-    "print' Active Power, P = %d W'%apf\n",
-    "print' Reactive Power, Q = %d var'%Q\n",
-    "print' Current I = %.2f A'%I"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 16.3, Page 333"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Apparent Power, S = 1500 W\n",
-      " Active Power, P = 1500 W\n",
-      " Reactive Power, Q = 1322 var\n",
-      " Current I = 6.25 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "pf=0.75                          #power factor\n",
-    "S=1500                           #apparent power in W\n",
-    "V=240                             #Voltage in volts\n",
-    "P1 = 2000                         #apparent power\n",
-    "P2 = 1500                          #active power\n",
-    "Q = 1322                           #reactive power\n",
-    "I = 8.33                            #current in amp\n",
-    "f=50                                #frequency in hertz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Xc=V**2/Q                        #reactive capacitance\n",
-    "C=1/(Xc*2*math.pi*f)             #capacitance\n",
-    "I=S*V**-1                             #current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print' Apparent Power, S = %d W'%S\n",
-    "print' Active Power, P = %d W'%apf\n",
-    "print' Reactive Power, Q = %d var'%Q\n",
-    "print' Current I = %.2f A'%I"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 16.4, Page 335"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Zl = (50+20j)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Zo=complex(50,-20)               #complex form of output impedance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Zl=np.conjugate(Zo)              #complex form of Load impedance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Zl = %s'%Zl"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18.ipynb
index 1f880cd1..dd2859cb 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18.ipynb
@@ -124,23 +124,14 @@
     "#Result\n",
     "print'v = %d - %d e^( -t/%.1f )  V'%(v2,v,T)"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -152,7 +143,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18_gAN9M3I.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18_gAN9M3I.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index dd2859cb..00000000
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18_gAN9M3I.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,151 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18: Transient Behaviour"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 18.1, Page 376"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "v = 18.36 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "c=100*10**-6               #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "r=100*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "v=20                       #volt\n",
-    "t=25                       #time in seconds\n",
-    "e=2.71828                  #mathematical constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T=c*r                     #time in seconds\n",
-    "v1=v*(1-e**(-t*T**-1))    #volt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'v = %.2f V'%v1\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 18.2, Page 378"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "t = 10.2 mSec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "l=400*10**-3               #inductance in henry\n",
-    "i1=300                     #current in milliamp\n",
-    "r=20                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "v=15                       #volt\n",
-    "t=25                       #time in seconds\n",
-    "e=2.71828                  #mathematical constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T=l/r                     #time in seconds\n",
-    "i=(v*r**-1)*10**3         #current in amp\n",
-    "t=((math.log(i/(i-i1)))/(math.log(e)))*0.02  #expression to find time t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print't = %.1f mSec'%(t*10**3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 18.3, Page 382"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "v = 10 - 5 e^( -t/0.2 )  V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "c=20*10**-6               #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "r=10*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "v=5                       #volt\n",
-    "v2=10                       #volt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T=c*r                     #time in seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'v = %d - %d e^( -t/%.1f )  V'%(v2,v,T)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19.ipynb
index 3e221bbb..9da9c4ac 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19.ipynb
@@ -80,23 +80,14 @@
     "#Result\n",
     "print'Peak Ripple Voltage = %.1f V'%v\n"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -108,7 +99,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19_d2Dk0b0.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19_d2Dk0b0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9da9c4ac..00000000
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19_d2Dk0b0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,107 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 19: Semiconductor Diodes"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 19.1, Page 392"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Peak Ripple Voltage = 0.4 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Introduction\n",
-    "i=0.2                 #current in amp\n",
-    "C=0.01                #Capacitance in farad\n",
-    "t=20*10**-3           #time in sec\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dv=i/C                #change in voltage w.r.t time\n",
-    "v=dv*t                #peak ripple voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Peak Ripple Voltage = %.1f V'%v\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 19.2, Page 406"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Peak Ripple Voltage = 0.2 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Introduction\n",
-    "i=0.2                 #current in amp\n",
-    "C=0.01                #Capacitance in farad\n",
-    "t=10*10**-3           #time in sec\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dv=i/C                #change in voltage w.r.t time\n",
-    "v=dv*t                #peak ripple voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Peak Ripple Voltage = %.1f V'%v\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2.ipynb
index 6a7bb2a7..42cc79a2 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -336,23 +336,14 @@
     "#Result\n",
     "print'T = %d ms'%(t*10**3)\n"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -364,7 +355,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20.ipynb
index 960e2bde..3578e65d 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20.ipynb
@@ -85,23 +85,14 @@
     "#Result\n",
     "print'Rd = %.2f kOhm'%Rd          #wrong answer in textbook"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -113,7 +104,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20_oPoeIwV.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20_oPoeIwV.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3578e65d..00000000
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20_oPoeIwV.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 20: Field-effect Transistors"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 20.1, Page"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Small signal voltage gain = -4 \n",
-      "Low frequency cut off = 0.16 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Introduction\n",
-    "gm=2*10**-3\n",
-    "rd=2*10**3                         #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "C=10**-6                           #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "R=10**6                            #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "G=-gm*rd                             #Small signal voltage gain\n",
-    "fc=1/(2*math.pi*C*R)                 #frequency in Hz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Small signal voltage gain = %d '%G\n",
-    "print'Low frequency cut off = %.2f Hz'%fc"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 20.2, Page"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rd = 0.67 kOhm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Introduction\n",
-    "idd=4*10**-3                        #current in ampere\n",
-    "vo=8                               #voltage\n",
-    "vdd=12                             #voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Rd=vo*(vdd-idd)**-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Rd = %.2f kOhm'%Rd          #wrong answer in textbook"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22.ipynb
index b477d5ec..af329a31 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22.ipynb
@@ -87,23 +87,14 @@
     "print'Power delivered to the load, P = %d W'%po\n",
     "print'Power dissipated in the output transistor, P = %d W'%pt\n"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -115,7 +106,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22_kZ51MuY.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22_kZ51MuY.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index af329a31..00000000
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22_kZ51MuY.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,114 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 22: Power Electronics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.1, Page 475"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Output Voltage, V = 12.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "vz=4.7                     #voltage\n",
-    "r3=1.222*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r4=10**3                  #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vo=(vz+0.7)*((r3+r4)*r4**-1)         #output voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print' Output Voltage, V = %.1f V'%Vo\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.2, Page 476"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power delivered to the load, P = 5 W\n",
-      "Power dissipated in the output transistor, P = 10 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "vo=10                     #voltage\n",
-    "rl=5                      #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "vi=15                      #voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "io=vo*rl**-1                    #current in ampere\n",
-    "po=vo*io**-1                      #power delivered to the load in watt\n",
-    "pt=(vi-vo)*io                #power dissipated in the output transistor in watt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Power delivered to the load, P = %d W'%po\n",
-    "print'Power dissipated in the output transistor, P = %d W'%pt\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23.ipynb
index 0e995fd4..ca174b87 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23.ipynb
@@ -118,23 +118,14 @@
     "#result\n",
     "print'Rotation Speed = %d rpm'%f2"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -146,7 +137,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23_MeQwZwE.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23_MeQwZwE.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ca174b87..00000000
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23_MeQwZwE.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,145 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 23: Electric Motors and Generators"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.1, Page 483"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sinusoidal Voltage with Peak value = 8.4 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#initialization\n",
-    "n=100                   #no of turns\n",
-    "b=400*10**-3            #magnetic field\n",
-    "a=20*10**-4             #area in cm^2\n",
-    "w=105                    #angular frequency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "v=n*b*a*w                 #voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#result\n",
-    "print'Sinusoidal Voltage with Peak value = %.1f V'%v"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.2, Page 488"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation Speed = 1800 rpm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#initialization\n",
-    "f=60                    #frequency in Hz\n",
-    "a=60                    #seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "f1=f/2                  #required rotation speed\n",
-    "f2=f1*a                  #equivalent rotation speed\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#result\n",
-    "print'Rotation Speed = %d rpm'%f2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.3, Page 490"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation Speed = 12000 rpm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#initialization\n",
-    "f=50                    #frequency in Hz\n",
-    "p=4                     #four times magnetic field for 8 pole motor\n",
-    "a=60                    #seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "f1=f*p                   #required rotation speed\n",
-    "f2=f1*a                  #equivalent rotation speed\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#result\n",
-    "print'Rotation Speed = %d rpm'%f2"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2_9eBOyNb.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2_9eBOyNb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 42cc79a2..00000000
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2_9eBOyNb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,363 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 2: Basic Electric Circuits and Components"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.1, Page 23"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current, I = 15.9 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "v1=15.8                 #voltage across r1\n",
-    "v2=12.3                 #voltage across r2\n",
-    "r2=220                  #resistance R2 in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=v1-v2                 #voltage difference across the resistor\n",
-    "i=v/r2                  #current in ampere\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Current, I = %.1f mA'%(i*1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.2, Page 24"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "I2 = 7 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "i1=10;                  #current in amp\n",
-    "i3=3;                  #current in amp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "i2=i1-i3                  #current in amp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'I2 = %d A'%i2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.3, Page 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "V1 = 5 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "E=12                  #EMF in volt\n",
-    "v2=7                  #volt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1=E-v2                  #volt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'V1 = %d V'%v1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.4, Page 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P = 450 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "i=3                        #current in amp\n",
-    "r=50                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p=(i**2)*r                       #power in watt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'P = %d W'%p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.5, Page 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R = 70 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "r1=10                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r2=20                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r3=15                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r4=25                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4                       #series resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'R = %d ohm'%r\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.6, Page 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R = 6.67 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "r1=10                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r2=20                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "r=(r1*r2)*(r1+r2)**-1                       #parallel resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'R = %.2f ohm'%r\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.7, Page 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "scrolled": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "V = 6 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "r1=200                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r2=300                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=(10*r2)/(r1+r2)                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'V = %d V'%v"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.8, Page 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "V = 7 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "r1=1*10**3                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r2=500                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "v1=15                         #voltage\n",
-    "v2=3                         #voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=v2+((v1-v2)*((r2)*(r1+r2)**-1))                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'V = %d V'%v\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.9, Page 30"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T = 20 ms\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "f=50                       #frequency in herts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "t=(1*f**-1)                    #time period\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'T = %d ms'%(t*10**3)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5.ipynb
index 03d91695..c69b7e3b 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5.ipynb
@@ -236,9 +236,9 @@
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6.ipynb
index cedf5209..3c14f35c 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6.ipynb
@@ -230,23 +230,14 @@
     "#Result\n",
     "print'Power Gain (dB) = %.1f dB'%pdb\n"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -258,7 +249,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6_Qjw2zj2.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6_Qjw2zj2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3c14f35c..00000000
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6_Qjw2zj2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,257 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 6: Amplification"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.1, Page 92"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ouput voltage of and amplifier = 15.2 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Ri=1000                    #Input Resistance of amplifier in Ohm\n",
-    "Rs=100                    #Output Resistance of sensor in Ohm\n",
-    "Rl=50                     #Load Resistance\n",
-    "Ro=10                    #Output Resistance of amplifier in Ohm\n",
-    "Av=10                     #Voltage gain\n",
-    "Vs=2                       #Sensor voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vi=Ri*Vs*(Rs+Ri)**-1               #Input Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "Vo=Av*Vi*Rl*(Ro+Rl)**-1               #Output Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Ouput voltage of and amplifier = %.1f V'%Vo\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.2, Page 93"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage Gain, Av = 8.35\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Vo=15.2               #Output Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "Vi=1.82               #Input Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Av=Vo/Vi                     #Voltage gain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Voltage Gain, Av = %.2f'%Av\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.3, Page 94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ouput voltage of and amplifier = 20.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Av=10                     #Voltage gain\n",
-    "Vi=2                      #Input Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "Rl=50                     #Load Resistance\n",
-    "Ro=0                    #Output Resistance of amplifier in Ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vo=Av*Vi*Rl/(Ro+Rl)               #Output Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Ouput voltage of and amplifier = %.1f V'%Vo\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.4, Page 96"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Power, Po = 4.6 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Vo=15.2                               #Output Voltage\n",
-    "Rl=50                                 #Load Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Po=(Vo**2)/Rl                           #Output Power\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Output Power, Po = %.1f W'%Po"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.5, Page 98"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power Gain, Ap = 1395\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Vi=1.82                     #Input Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "Ri=1000                    #Input Resistance of amplifier in Ohm\n",
-    "Vo=15.2                     #Output Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "Rl=50                     #Load Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pi=(Vi**2)*Ri**-1                #Input Power in Watt\n",
-    "Po=(Vo**2)*Rl**-1                #Output Power in Watt\n",
-    "Ap=Po/Pi                          #Power Gain\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Power Gain, Ap = %d'%Ap            #wrong answer in textbook     \n",
-    "             "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.6, Page 99"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power Gain (dB) = 31.5 dB\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "P=1400                          #Power gain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "pdb=10*math.log10(P)                 #Power Gain in dB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Power Gain (dB) = %.1f dB'%pdb\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8.ipynb
index 6b4d69e1..b05aaf78 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8.ipynb
@@ -171,22 +171,13 @@
     "print'Output Resistance = %d uOhm\\n'%(or2*10**6)       #wrong answer in the textbook\n",
     "print'Input Resistance = %d GOhm'%(ir2*10**-9)"
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -198,7 +189,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9.ipynb
index 0d5a873d..4ac9ad91 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9.ipynb
@@ -390,23 +390,14 @@
     "print(\"The equivalent decimal = %d.\"%d);\n",
     "    "
    ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -418,7 +409,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9_12ISo6t.ipynb b/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9_12ISo6t.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4ac9ad91..00000000
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9_12ISo6t.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,417 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 9: Digital Electronics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.8, Page 176"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Decimal Equivalent = 26.000000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "ni1=11010               #binary number\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def binary_decimal(ni): # Function to convert binary to decimal\n",
-    "    deci = 0;\n",
-    "    i = 0;\n",
-    "    while (ni != 0):\n",
-    "      rem = ni-int(ni/10.)*10\n",
-    "      ni = int(ni/10.);\n",
-    "      deci = deci + rem*2**i;\n",
-    "      i = i + 1;\n",
-    "    return deci\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=binary_decimal(ni1)              #calling the function\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Declaration\n",
-    "print'Decimal Equivalent = %f'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.9, Page 176"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Binary Equivalent = 11010\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "ni1=26                #Decimal number\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def decimal_binary(ni): # Function to convert decimal to binary\n",
-    "    bini = 0;\n",
-    "    i = 1;\n",
-    "    while (ni != 0):\n",
-    "      rem = ni-int(ni/2)*2; \n",
-    "      ni = int(ni/2);\n",
-    "      bini = bini + rem*i;\n",
-    "      i = i * 10;\n",
-    "    return bini\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=decimal_binary(ni1)              #calling the function\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Declaration\n",
-    "print'Binary Equivalent = %d'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.10, Page 177"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Decimal equivalent of 34.6875 = 100010.1011\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initializaton\n",
-    "\n",
-    "no=34.6875            #decimal number\n",
-    "n_int = int(no);     # Extract the integral part\n",
-    "n_frac = no-n_int;   # Extract the fractional part\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "def decimal_binary(ni): # Function to convert decimal to binary\n",
-    "    bini = 0;\n",
-    "    i = 1;\n",
-    "    while (ni != 0):\n",
-    "      rem = ni-int(ni/2)*2; \n",
-    "      ni = int(ni/2);\n",
-    "      bini = bini + rem*i;\n",
-    "      i = i * 10;\n",
-    "    return bini\n",
-    "\n",
-    "def decifrac_binfrac(nf): # Function to convert binary fraction to decimal fraction\n",
-    "    binf = 0; i = 0.1;\n",
-    "    while (nf != 0):\n",
-    "      nf = nf*2;\n",
-    "      rem = int(nf); \n",
-    "      nf = nf-rem;\n",
-    "      binf = binf + rem*i;\n",
-    "      i = i/10;\n",
-    "    return binf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"Decimal equivalent of 34.6875 = %.4f\"%(decimal_binary(n_int)+decifrac_binfrac(n_frac))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.11, Page 177"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W = 40979\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#initialization\n",
-    "n='A013'                 #Hex number \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "w=int(n, 16)              #Hex to Decimal Coversion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'W = %d'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.12, Page 178"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The hexadecimal equivalent of 7046 is 0x1b86\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=7046                 #Hex number \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "h = hex(n)                             #decimal to hex conversion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"The hexadecimal equivalent of 7046 is\",h"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.13, Page 178"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Decimal equivalent of 34.6875 = 1111100001010001\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initializaton\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n='f851'                   #Hex Number\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=int(n, 16)              #Hex to Decimal Coversion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "def decimal_binary(ni): # Function to convert decimal to binary\n",
-    "    bini = 0;\n",
-    "    i = 1;\n",
-    "    while (ni != 0):\n",
-    "      rem = ni-int(ni/2)*2; \n",
-    "      ni = int(ni/2);\n",
-    "      bini = bini + rem*i;\n",
-    "      i = i * 10;\n",
-    "    return bini\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w1=decimal_binary(w)              #calling the function\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"Decimal equivalent of 34.6875 = %.d\"%(w1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.14, Page 179"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The hexadecimal equivalent of 111011011000100 is 0x76c4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialiation\n",
-    "ni1=111011011000100               #binary number\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def binary_decimal(ni): # Function to convert binary to decimal\n",
-    "    deci = 0;\n",
-    "    i = 0;\n",
-    "    while (ni != 0):\n",
-    "      rem = ni-int(ni/10.)*10\n",
-    "      ni = int(ni/10.);\n",
-    "      deci = deci + rem*2**i;\n",
-    "      i = i + 1;\n",
-    "    return deci\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=binary_decimal(ni1)              #calling the function\n",
-    "h = hex(w)                             #decimal to hex conversion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"The hexadecimal equivalent of 111011011000100 is\",h"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.15, Page 182"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Eqivalent BCD of 72 =  1001010001010000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#initialisation\n",
-    "x='9450'                           #decimal number to be convert\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "digits = [int(c) for c in x]\n",
-    "zero_padded_BCD_digits = [format(d, '04b') for d in digits]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#results\n",
-    "print \"Eqivalent BCD of 72 = \",\n",
-    "print ''.join(zero_padded_BCD_digits)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.16, Page 182"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The equivalent decimal =3876.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "BCD=\"0011 1000 0111 0110\"             #Given BCD string\n",
-    "BCD_split=BCD.split(\" \");        #Splitting th binary string into individual BCD \n",
-    "d=0;\n",
-    "for i in range(len(BCD_split),0,-1):\n",
-    "    d+=int(BCD_split[len(BCD_split)-i],2)*10**(i-1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"The equivalent decimal = %d.\"%d);\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_II/extra_chapter2.ipynb b/Electrical_Machines_II/extra.ipynb
index 6fd7afb3..6fd7afb3 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_II/extra_chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_Machines_II/extra.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11_IzdUFBN.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11_IzdUFBN.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1e08381f..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11_IzdUFBN.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,280 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a4ef8be1017f129a0421c21819212b5457aab0abc06690d5c2563f72500374f"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 11: Measurement of Voltages and Currents"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.1, Page 209"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "t=0.02                   #time period in seconds from diagram\n",
-      "v1=7                     #peak voltage from diagram\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "f=1*t**-1               #frequency in Hz\n",
-      "v2=2*v1                 # Peak to Peak Voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'Frequency = %d Hz\\n'%f\n",
-      "print'Peak to Peak Voltage = %d V\\n'%v2\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Frequency = 50 Hz\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Peak to Peak Voltage = 14 V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.2, Page 210"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "t=0.05                   #time period in seconds from diagram\n",
-      "v1=10                     #peak voltage from diagram\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "f1=1*t**-1               #frequency in Hz\n",
-      "w1=2*math.pi*f1          #Angular velocity\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'%d sin %.1ft Hz\\n'%(v1,w1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "10 sin 125.7t Hz\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.3, Page 211"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "t=0.1                   #time period in seconds from diagram\n",
-      "v1=10                     #peak voltage from diagram\n",
-      "t1=25*10**-3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "f1=1*t**-1               #frequency in Hz\n",
-      "w1=2*math.pi*f1          #Angular velocity\n",
-      "phi=-(t1*t**-1)*360      #phase angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'phi = %d degree'%phi\n",
-      "print'%d sin %dt%d Hz\\n'%(v1,round(w1),phi)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "phi = -90 degree\n",
-        "10 sin 63t-90 Hz\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.4, Page 215"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "v1=5                                 #constant 5V\n",
-      "r=10                                #resistance in Ohm\n",
-      "vrms=5                              #sine wave of 5 V r.m.s\n",
-      "vp=5                                #5 V peak\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "p=(v1**2)*r**-1                      #Power in watts\n",
-      "p2=(vrms**2)*r**-1                   #Power avarage in watts\n",
-      "a=(vp*math.sqrt(2)**-1)**2\n",
-      "p3=a*r**-1                           #Power avarage in watts                         \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'(1) P = %.1f W\\n'%p\n",
-      "print'(2) Pav = %.1f W\\n'%p2\n",
-      "print'(3) Pav = %.2f W\\n'%p3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "(1) P = 2.5 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "(2) Pav = 2.5 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "(3) Pav = 1.25 W\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.5, Page 220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "fsd1=50*10**-3                #full scale defelction of ammeter in Ampere\n",
-      "fsd2=1*10**-3                 #full scale defelction of moving coil meter in Ampere\n",
-      "Rm=25                         #resistance of moving coil meter in Ohms\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "Rsm=fsd1*fsd2**-1             #sensitivity factor\n",
-      "Rsh=Rm*49**-1                 #shunt resistor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'Therefore, Resistor = %d mOhm\\n'%round(Rsh*10**3)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Therefore, Resistor = 510 mOhm\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.6, Page 222"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "fsd1=50                       #full scale defelction of voltmeter in Volts\n",
-      "fsd2=1*10**-3                 #full scale defelction of moving coil meter in Ampere\n",
-      "Rm=25                         #resistance of moving coil meter in Ohms\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "Rsm=fsd1*fsd2**-1\n",
-      "Rse=Rsm-Rm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'Rse = %.3f KOhm\\n'%(Rse*10**-3)\n",
-      "print'Therefore, Resistor ~ %d KOhm\\n'%round(Rse*10**-3)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Rse = 49.975 KOhm\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Therefore, Resistor ~ 50 KOhm\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11_b2XsTwq.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11_b2XsTwq.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1e08381f..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11_b2XsTwq.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,280 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:3a4ef8be1017f129a0421c21819212b5457aab0abc06690d5c2563f72500374f"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 11: Measurement of Voltages and Currents"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.1, Page 209"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "t=0.02                   #time period in seconds from diagram\n",
-      "v1=7                     #peak voltage from diagram\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "f=1*t**-1               #frequency in Hz\n",
-      "v2=2*v1                 # Peak to Peak Voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'Frequency = %d Hz\\n'%f\n",
-      "print'Peak to Peak Voltage = %d V\\n'%v2\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Frequency = 50 Hz\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Peak to Peak Voltage = 14 V\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.2, Page 210"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "t=0.05                   #time period in seconds from diagram\n",
-      "v1=10                     #peak voltage from diagram\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "f1=1*t**-1               #frequency in Hz\n",
-      "w1=2*math.pi*f1          #Angular velocity\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'%d sin %.1ft Hz\\n'%(v1,w1)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "10 sin 125.7t Hz\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 26
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.3, Page 211"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "t=0.1                   #time period in seconds from diagram\n",
-      "v1=10                     #peak voltage from diagram\n",
-      "t1=25*10**-3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "f1=1*t**-1               #frequency in Hz\n",
-      "w1=2*math.pi*f1          #Angular velocity\n",
-      "phi=-(t1*t**-1)*360      #phase angle\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'phi = %d degree'%phi\n",
-      "print'%d sin %dt%d Hz\\n'%(v1,round(w1),phi)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "phi = -90 degree\n",
-        "10 sin 63t-90 Hz\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 24
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.4, Page 215"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "v1=5                                 #constant 5V\n",
-      "r=10                                #resistance in Ohm\n",
-      "vrms=5                              #sine wave of 5 V r.m.s\n",
-      "vp=5                                #5 V peak\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "p=(v1**2)*r**-1                      #Power in watts\n",
-      "p2=(vrms**2)*r**-1                   #Power avarage in watts\n",
-      "a=(vp*math.sqrt(2)**-1)**2\n",
-      "p3=a*r**-1                           #Power avarage in watts                         \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'(1) P = %.1f W\\n'%p\n",
-      "print'(2) Pav = %.1f W\\n'%p2\n",
-      "print'(3) Pav = %.2f W\\n'%p3"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "(1) P = 2.5 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "(2) Pav = 2.5 W\n",
-        "\n",
-        "(3) Pav = 1.25 W\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 27
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.5, Page 220"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "fsd1=50*10**-3                #full scale defelction of ammeter in Ampere\n",
-      "fsd2=1*10**-3                 #full scale defelction of moving coil meter in Ampere\n",
-      "Rm=25                         #resistance of moving coil meter in Ohms\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "Rsm=fsd1*fsd2**-1             #sensitivity factor\n",
-      "Rsh=Rm*49**-1                 #shunt resistor\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'Therefore, Resistor = %d mOhm\\n'%round(Rsh*10**3)\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Therefore, Resistor = 510 mOhm\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 11.6, Page 222"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialisation\n",
-      "fsd1=50                       #full scale defelction of voltmeter in Volts\n",
-      "fsd2=1*10**-3                 #full scale defelction of moving coil meter in Ampere\n",
-      "Rm=25                         #resistance of moving coil meter in Ohms\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "Rsm=fsd1*fsd2**-1\n",
-      "Rse=Rsm-Rm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print'Rse = %.3f KOhm\\n'%(Rse*10**-3)\n",
-      "print'Therefore, Resistor ~ %d KOhm\\n'%round(Rse*10**-3)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Rse = 49.975 KOhm\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Therefore, Resistor ~ 50 KOhm\n",
-        "\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12_tyNLSnr.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12_tyNLSnr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0b76bb5c..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12_tyNLSnr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,313 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 12: Resistance and DC Circuits"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.1, Page 237"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnitude, I4 = -3 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "i1=8                                 #current in Amp\n",
-    "i2=1                                #current in Amp\n",
-    "i3=4                                #current in Amp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "i4=i2+i3-i1                                #current in Amp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Magnitude, I4 = %d A'%i4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.2, Page 239"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "e=12                   #EMF source in volt\n",
-    "v1=3                   #node voltage\n",
-    "v3=3                   #node voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v2=v1+v3-e                   #node voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'V2 = %d V'%v2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.4, Page 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voc = 10 V\n",
-      "R = 100 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#We have used method II for solving our problem by using simultaneous equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a = np.array([[25,-2],[400,-8]]) \n",
-    "b = np.array([[50],[3200]])\n",
-    "c=np.linalg.solve(a,b)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print'Voc = %d V'%c[0]\n",
-    "print'R = %d ohm'%c[1]\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.5, Page 244"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage, V = 7.14\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "r1=100                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "r2=200                 #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "r3=50                 #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "v1=15                 #voltage source\n",
-    "v2=20                 #voltage source\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#Considering 15 V as a source & replace the other voltage source by its internal resistance,\n",
-    "r11=(r2*r3)*(r2+r3)**-1              #resistance in parallel\n",
-    "v11=v1*(r11/(r1+r11))               #voltage\n",
-    "#Considering 20 V as a source & replace the other voltage source by its internal resistance,\n",
-    "r22=(r1*r3)*(r1+r3)**-1              #resistance in parallel\n",
-    "v22=v2*(r22/(r2+r22))               #voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#output of the original circuit\n",
-    "v33=v11+v22\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Voltage, V = %.2f'%v33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.6, Page 246"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Current, I = 1.67 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "r1=10                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "r2=5                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "v2=5                 #voltage source\n",
-    "i=2                 #current in Amp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#Considering 5 V as a source & replace the current source by its internal resistance,\n",
-    "i1=v2*(r1+r2)**-1                   #current using Ohms law\n",
-    "#Considering current source & replace the voltage source by its internal resistance,\n",
-    "r3=(r1*r2)*(r1+r2)**-1              #resistance in parallel\n",
-    "v3=i*r3                         #voltage using Ohms law\n",
-    "i2=v3*r2**-1                   #current using Ohms law\n",
-    "i3=i1+i2                       #total current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Output Current, I = %.2f A'%i3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.8, Page 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "V2 = 33.04 V\n",
-      "V3 = 43.15 V\n",
-      "Current, I1 = 1.73 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "r=25                    #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#We have used for solving our problem by using simultaneous equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a = np.array([[(-13*60**-1),(1*20**-1)],[(1*60**-1),(-9*100**-1)]]) \n",
-    "b = np.array([[-5],[-100*30**-1]])\n",
-    "c=np.linalg.solve(a,b)\n",
-    "i1=c[1]/r                        #required current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print'V2 = %.2f V'%c[0]          #wrong answer in textbook\n",
-    "print'V3 = %.2f V'%c[1]          #wrong answer in textbook\n",
-    "print'Current, I1 = %.2f A'%i1\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 12.9, Page 253"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "I1 = 326 mA\n",
-      "I2 = 33 mA\n",
-      "I3 = 53 mA\n",
-      "Voltage, Ve = 0.197 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "re=10                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#We have used for solving our problem by using simultaneous equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a = np.array([[(-160),(20), (30)],[(20),(-210), (10)], [(30),(10), (-190)]]) \n",
-    "b = np.array([[-50],[0],[0]])\n",
-    "c=np.linalg.solve(a,b)\n",
-    "ve=re*(c[2]-c[1])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print'I1 = %d mA'%(c[0]*10**3)             #current I1\n",
-    "print'I2 = %d mA'%(c[1]*10**3)              #current I2\n",
-    "print'I3 = %d mA'%(c[2]*10**3)              #current I3\n",
-    "print'Voltage, Ve = %.3f V'%ve\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13_UcaK0rG.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13_UcaK0rG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6ed908f9..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13_UcaK0rG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,278 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:d756c6c77a4ac290c4965398d89838e2f053a559b464bd46ff8cc1c208f13b8e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 13: Capacitance and Electric Fields"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.1, Page 264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "c=10*10**-6                            #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "v=10                                   #voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "q=c*v                                   #charge in coulomb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'Charge, q = %.1f uC'%(q*10**6)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Charge, q = 100.0 uC\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.2, Page 264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "l=25*10**-3            #length in meter\n",
-      "b=10*10**-3            #breadth in meter\n",
-      "d=7*10**-6            #distance between plates in meter\n",
-      "e=100                  #dielectric constant of material\n",
-      "e0=8.85*10**-12         #dielectric constant of air       \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "c=(e0*e*l*b)*d**-1        #Capacitance\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'Capacitance, C = %.1f nF'%(c*10**9)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Capacitance, C = 31.6 nF\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.3, Page 268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "v=100                          #voltage\n",
-      "d=10**-5                       #distance in meter\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "e=v*d**-1                      #Electric Field Strength\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'Electric Field Strength, E = %d ^7 V/m'%round(e*10**-6)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Electric Field Strength, E = 10 ^7 V/m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.4, Page 268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "q=15*10**-6                     #charge in coulomb\n",
-      "a=200*10**-6                    #area\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "d=q/a                           #electric flux density\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'D = %d mC/m^2'%(d*10**3)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "D = 75 mC/m^2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.5, Page 270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "C1=10*10**-6                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "C2=25*10**-6                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "C=C1+C2                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'C = %d uF'%(C*10**6)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C = 35 uF\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.6, Page 271"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "C1=10*10**-6                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "C2=25*10**-6                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "C=(C1*C2)/(C1+C2)                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'C = %.2f uF'%(C*10**6)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C = 7.14 uF\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.7, Page 275"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "C1=10*10**-6                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "V=100                            #voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "E=(0.5)*(C1*V**2)              #Energy stored\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'E = %.1f mJ'%(E*10**3)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E = 50.0 mJ\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13_xbFXJW8.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13_xbFXJW8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6ed908f9..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13_xbFXJW8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,278 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:d756c6c77a4ac290c4965398d89838e2f053a559b464bd46ff8cc1c208f13b8e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 13: Capacitance and Electric Fields"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.1, Page 264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "c=10*10**-6                            #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "v=10                                   #voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "q=c*v                                   #charge in coulomb\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'Charge, q = %.1f uC'%(q*10**6)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Charge, q = 100.0 uC\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.2, Page 264"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "l=25*10**-3            #length in meter\n",
-      "b=10*10**-3            #breadth in meter\n",
-      "d=7*10**-6            #distance between plates in meter\n",
-      "e=100                  #dielectric constant of material\n",
-      "e0=8.85*10**-12         #dielectric constant of air       \n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "c=(e0*e*l*b)*d**-1        #Capacitance\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'Capacitance, C = %.1f nF'%(c*10**9)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Capacitance, C = 31.6 nF\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 9
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.3, Page 268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "v=100                          #voltage\n",
-      "d=10**-5                       #distance in meter\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "e=v*d**-1                      #Electric Field Strength\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'Electric Field Strength, E = %d ^7 V/m'%round(e*10**-6)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "Electric Field Strength, E = 10 ^7 V/m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.4, Page 268"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "q=15*10**-6                     #charge in coulomb\n",
-      "a=200*10**-6                    #area\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "d=q/a                           #electric flux density\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'D = %d mC/m^2'%(d*10**3)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "D = 75 mC/m^2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.5, Page 270"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "C1=10*10**-6                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "C2=25*10**-6                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "C=C1+C2                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'C = %d uF'%(C*10**6)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C = 35 uF\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 21
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.6, Page 271"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "C1=10*10**-6                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "C2=25*10**-6                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "C=(C1*C2)/(C1+C2)                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'C = %.2f uF'%(C*10**6)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "C = 7.14 uF\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 23
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 13.7, Page 275"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#Initialization\n",
-      "C1=10*10**-6                     #capacitance in Farad\n",
-      "V=100                            #voltage\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "E=(0.5)*(C1*V**2)              #Energy stored\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Results\n",
-      "print'E = %.1f mJ'%(E*10**3)"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "E = 50.0 mJ\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 35
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14_XSNxMWG.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14_XSNxMWG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e0d13aee..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14_XSNxMWG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,268 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 14: Inductance and Magnetic Fields"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.1, Page 280"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic Field Strength, H = 7.96 A/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "i=5                          #current in ampere\n",
-    "l=0.628                      #circumference\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "h=i/l                           #magnetic field strength\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Magnetic Field Strength, H = %.2f A/m'%h"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.2, Page 283"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Magnetomotive Force, H = 3000.00 ampere-turns\n",
-      "(b) Magnetic Field Strength, H = 7500.00 A/m\n",
-      "(c) B = 9.42 mT\n",
-      "(d) Toal Flux, phi = 2.83 uWb\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "i=6                          #current in ampere\n",
-    "n=500                       #turns\n",
-    "l=0.4                      #circumference\n",
-    "uo=4*math.pi*10**-7          #epsilon zero constant\n",
-    "a=300*10**-6                 #area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "f=n*i                          #Magnetomotive Force\n",
-    "h=f/l                           #magnetic field strength\n",
-    "b=uo*h                          #magnetic induction\n",
-    "phi=b*a                          #flux\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'(a) Magnetomotive Force, H = %.2f ampere-turns'%f\n",
-    "print'(b) Magnetic Field Strength, H = %.2f A/m'%h\n",
-    "print'(c) B = %.2f mT'%(b*10**3)\n",
-    "print'(d) Toal Flux, phi = %.2f uWb'%(phi*10**6)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.3, Page 285"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage, V = 30 mV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "l=10*10**-3                   #inductance in henry\n",
-    "di=3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=l*di                            #voltage         \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Voltage, V = %d mV'%(v*10**3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.4, Page 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Inductance,L = 30 uH\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "n=400                        #turns\n",
-    "l=200*10**-3                 #circumference\n",
-    "uo=4*math.pi*10**-7          #epsilon zero constant\n",
-    "a=30*10**-6                 #area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "L=(uo*a*n**2)/l                #Inductance in henry               \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Inductance,L = %d uH'%(L*10**6)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.5, Page 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Inductance in series,L = 30 uH\n",
-      "(b) Inductance in parallel,L = 6.67 uH\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "l1=10                #Inductance in henry       \n",
-    "l2=20                #Inductance in henry       \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ls=l1+l2                #Inductance in henry               \n",
-    "lp=((l1*l2)*(l1+l2)**-1)    #Inductance in henry       \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'(a) Inductance in series,L = %d uH'%ls\n",
-    "print'(b) Inductance in parallel,L = %.2f uH'%lp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 14.6, Page 293"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stored Energy = 125 mJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "l=10**-2                #Inductance in henry       \n",
-    "i=5                  #current in ampere    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "s=0.5*l*i**2           #stored energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print'Stored Energy = %d mJ'%(s*10**3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15.ipynb
index 0cab5dbb..1862ee2c 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15.ipynb
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "# Chapter : Alternating Voltages and Currents"
+    "# Chapter 15: Alternating Voltages and Currents"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -372,6 +372,7 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15_1u5Qndu.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15_1u5Qndu.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 8909aeb0..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15_1u5Qndu.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,395 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15: Alternating Voltages and Currents"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.1, Page 305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Reactance, Xl = 1 Ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "w=1000                 #Angular Frequency       \n",
-    "L=10**-3               #Inductance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Xl=w*L                 #Reactance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Reactance, Xl = %d Ohm'%Xl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.2, Page 305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Reactance, Xl = 1.59 KOhm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "f=50                   #frequency\n",
-    "C=2*10**-6             #Capacitance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "w=2*math.pi*f                 #Angular Frequency  \n",
-    "Xc=1/(w*C)                 #Reactance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Reactance, Xl = %.2f KOhm'%(Xc/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.3, Page 306"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Peak Current, IL = 318 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "f=100                  #frequency\n",
-    "l=25*10**-3               #Inductance\n",
-    "Vl=5                    #AC Voltage (Sine)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "w=2*math.pi*f                 #Angular Frequency  \n",
-    "Xl=w*l                 #Reactance\n",
-    "Il=Vl*Xl**-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Peak Current, IL = %d mA'%(Il*10**3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.4, Page 306"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage appear across the capacitor, V = 8 V r.m.s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Ic=2                 #sinusoidal Current\n",
-    "C=10*10**-3          #Capacitance\n",
-    "w=25                 #Angular Frequency  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Xc=1/(w*C)                 #Reactance\n",
-    "Vc= Ic*Xc                   #Voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Voltage appear across the capacitor, V = %d V r.m.s'%(Vc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.5, Page 309"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) V = 63.6 V\n",
-      "(b) V = 38.15 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "I=5                   #sinusoidal Current\n",
-    "R=10                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "f=50                  #Frequency in Hertz\n",
-    "L=0.025               #Inductancec in Henry\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Vr=I*R                         #Voltage across resistor\n",
-    "Xl=2*math.pi*f*L               #Reactance\n",
-    "VL= I*Xl                       #Voltage across inductor\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt((Vr**2)+(VL**2))   #total voltage\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(VL*Vr**-1)       #Phase Angle in radians\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'(a) V = %.1f V'%(V)\n",
-    "print'(b) V = %.2f V'%(phi*180/math.pi)         #phase angle in degree"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.6, Page 311"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Current, I = 884 uA\n",
-      "(b) V = -27.95 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "R=10**4                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "f=10**3                  #Frequency in Hertz\n",
-    "C=3*10**-8               #Capacitance in Farad\n",
-    "V=10                     #Voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Xc=1/(2*math.pi*f*C)                #Reactance\n",
-    "a=((10**4)**2)+(5.3*10**3)**2\n",
-    "I=math.sqrt((V**2)/a)               #Current in Amp\n",
-    "Vr=I*R                            #Voltage\n",
-    "Vc=Xc*I                            #Voltage\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(Vc/Vr)       #Phase Angle in radians\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'(a) Current, I = %d uA'%round(I*10**6)\n",
-    "print'(b) V = %.2f V'%(-phi*180/math.pi)         #phase angle in degree"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.7, Page 317"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Z = 200 + j 62 Ohms\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "I=5                   #sinusoidal Current\n",
-    "R=200                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "f=50                  #Frequency in Hertz\n",
-    "L=400*10**-3               #Inductancec in Henry\n",
-    "C=50*10**-6               #Capacitance in Henry \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Vr=I*R                         #Voltage across resistor\n",
-    "Xl=2*math.pi*f*L               #Reactance\n",
-    "Xc=1/(2*math.pi*f*C)                #Reactance\n",
-    "i=Xl-Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Z = %d + j %d Ohms'%(R,i)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.8, Page 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "vo = 12.4 < 29.7\n",
-      "Therefore\n",
-      "vo = 12.4 sin(500 t + 29.7)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from numpy import ones\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "R1=5                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "R2=50                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "w=500                  #rad/s\n",
-    "L=50*10**-3               #Inductancec in Henry\n",
-    "C=200*10**-6               #Capacitance in Henry \n",
-    "v=10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Xc=1/(w*C)                              #Reactance\n",
-    "Z1=complex(R1,-Xc)                      #taking in complex form\n",
-    "a=(R2*w**2*L**2)/(R2**2+(w**2*L**2))\n",
-    "b=(R2**2*w*L)/(R2**2+(w**2*L**2))\n",
-    "Z2=complex(a,b)                         #taking in complex form\n",
-    "Z3=(Z1+Z2)\n",
-    "Z=Z2/Z3\n",
-    "r=math.sqrt((Z.real)**2 + (Z.imag)**2)   #converting in polar (absolute)\n",
-    "r1=v*r \n",
-    "phi=math.atan(Z.imag/Z.real)             #converting in polar (phase)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'vo = %.1f < %.1f'%(r1,(phi*180/math.pi))\n",
-    "print'Therefore'\n",
-    "print'vo = %.1f sin(%d t + %.1f)'%(r1,w,(phi*180/math.pi))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15_RiCS0Ai.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15_RiCS0Ai.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1862ee2c..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15_RiCS0Ai.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,396 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15: Alternating Voltages and Currents"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.1, Page 305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Reactance, Xl = 1 Ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "w=1000                 #Angular Frequency       \n",
-    "L=10**-3               #Inductance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Xl=w*L                 #Reactance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Reactance, Xl = %d Ohm'%Xl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.2, Page 305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Reactance, Xl = 1.59 KOhm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "f=50                   #frequency\n",
-    "C=2*10**-6             #Capacitance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "w=2*math.pi*f                 #Angular Frequency  \n",
-    "Xc=1/(w*C)                 #Reactance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Reactance, Xl = %.2f KOhm'%(Xc/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.3, Page 306"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Peak Current, IL = 318 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "f=100                  #frequency\n",
-    "l=25*10**-3               #Inductance\n",
-    "Vl=5                    #AC Voltage (Sine)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "w=2*math.pi*f                 #Angular Frequency  \n",
-    "Xl=w*l                 #Reactance\n",
-    "Il=Vl*Xl**-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Peak Current, IL = %d mA'%(Il*10**3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.4, Page 306"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage appear across the capacitor, V = 8 V r.m.s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Ic=2                 #sinusoidal Current\n",
-    "C=10*10**-3          #Capacitance\n",
-    "w=25                 #Angular Frequency  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Xc=1/(w*C)                 #Reactance\n",
-    "Vc= Ic*Xc                   #Voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Voltage appear across the capacitor, V = %d V r.m.s'%(Vc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.5, Page 309"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) V = 63.6 V\n",
-      "(b) V = 38.15 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "I=5                   #sinusoidal Current\n",
-    "R=10                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "f=50                  #Frequency in Hertz\n",
-    "L=0.025               #Inductancec in Henry\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Vr=I*R                         #Voltage across resistor\n",
-    "Xl=2*math.pi*f*L               #Reactance\n",
-    "VL= I*Xl                       #Voltage across inductor\n",
-    "V=math.sqrt((Vr**2)+(VL**2))   #total voltage\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(VL*Vr**-1)       #Phase Angle in radians\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'(a) V = %.1f V'%(V)\n",
-    "print'(b) V = %.2f V'%(phi*180/math.pi)         #phase angle in degree"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.6, Page 311"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Current, I = 884 uA\n",
-      "(b) V = -27.95 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "R=10**4                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "f=10**3                  #Frequency in Hertz\n",
-    "C=3*10**-8               #Capacitance in Farad\n",
-    "V=10                     #Voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Xc=1/(2*math.pi*f*C)                #Reactance\n",
-    "a=((10**4)**2)+(5.3*10**3)**2\n",
-    "I=math.sqrt((V**2)/a)               #Current in Amp\n",
-    "Vr=I*R                            #Voltage\n",
-    "Vc=Xc*I                            #Voltage\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(Vc/Vr)       #Phase Angle in radians\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'(a) Current, I = %d uA'%round(I*10**6)\n",
-    "print'(b) V = %.2f V'%(-phi*180/math.pi)         #phase angle in degree"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.7, Page 317"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Z = 200 + j 62 Ohms\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "I=5                   #sinusoidal Current\n",
-    "R=200                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "f=50                  #Frequency in Hertz\n",
-    "L=400*10**-3               #Inductancec in Henry\n",
-    "C=50*10**-6               #Capacitance in Henry \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Vr=I*R                         #Voltage across resistor\n",
-    "Xl=2*math.pi*f*L               #Reactance\n",
-    "Xc=1/(2*math.pi*f*C)                #Reactance\n",
-    "i=Xl-Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Z = %d + j %d Ohms'%(R,i)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.8, Page 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "vo = 12.4 < 29.7\n",
-      "Therefore\n",
-      "vo = 12.4 sin(500 t + 29.7)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from numpy import ones\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "R1=5                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "R2=50                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
-    "w=500                  #rad/s\n",
-    "L=50*10**-3               #Inductancec in Henry\n",
-    "C=200*10**-6               #Capacitance in Henry \n",
-    "v=10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Xc=1/(w*C)                              #Reactance\n",
-    "Z1=complex(R1,-Xc)                      #taking in complex form\n",
-    "a=(R2*w**2*L**2)/(R2**2+(w**2*L**2))\n",
-    "b=(R2**2*w*L)/(R2**2+(w**2*L**2))\n",
-    "Z2=complex(a,b)                         #taking in complex form\n",
-    "Z3=(Z1+Z2)\n",
-    "Z=Z2/Z3\n",
-    "r=math.sqrt((Z.real)**2 + (Z.imag)**2)   #converting in polar (absolute)\n",
-    "r1=v*r \n",
-    "phi=math.atan(Z.imag/Z.real)             #converting in polar (phase)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'vo = %.1f < %.1f'%(r1,(phi*180/math.pi))\n",
-    "print'Therefore'\n",
-    "print'vo = %.1f sin(%d t + %.1f)'%(r1,w,(phi*180/math.pi))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16_pnkscJu.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16_pnkscJu.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7a471548..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16_pnkscJu.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,215 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 16: Power in AC Circuits"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 16.1, Page 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Apparent power, S = 250 VA\n",
-      "(b) Power Factor = 0.866\n",
-      "(c) Active Power, P = 216.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "V=50                     #Voltage\n",
-    "I=5                     #Current in Ampere r.m.s\n",
-    "phase=30                 #in degrees\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "S=V*I                            #apparent power\n",
-    "pf=math.cos(phase*math.pi/180)    #power factor\n",
-    "apf=S*pf                          #active power\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'(a) Apparent power, S = %d VA'%S\n",
-    "print'(b) Power Factor = %.3f'%pf\n",
-    "print'(c) Active Power, P = %.1f'%apf"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 16.2, Page 331"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Apparent Power, P = 2000 W\n",
-      " Active Power, P = 1500 W\n",
-      " Reactive Power, Q = 1322 var\n",
-      " Current I = 8.33 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "pf=0.75                          #power factor\n",
-    "S=2000                           #apparent power in VA\n",
-    "V=240                             #Voltage in volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "apf=S*pf                          #active power\n",
-    "sin=math.sqrt(1-(pf**2)) \n",
-    "Q=S*sin                           #Reactive Power\n",
-    "I=S*V**-1                          #Current\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print' Apparent Power, P = %d W'%S\n",
-    "print' Active Power, P = %d W'%apf\n",
-    "print' Reactive Power, Q = %d var'%Q\n",
-    "print' Current I = %.2f A'%I"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 16.3, Page 333"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Apparent Power, S = 1500 W\n",
-      " Active Power, P = 1500 W\n",
-      " Reactive Power, Q = 1322 var\n",
-      " Current I = 6.25 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "pf=0.75                          #power factor\n",
-    "S=1500                           #apparent power in W\n",
-    "V=240                             #Voltage in volts\n",
-    "P1 = 2000                         #apparent power\n",
-    "P2 = 1500                          #active power\n",
-    "Q = 1322                           #reactive power\n",
-    "I = 8.33                            #current in amp\n",
-    "f=50                                #frequency in hertz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Xc=V**2/Q                        #reactive capacitance\n",
-    "C=1/(Xc*2*math.pi*f)             #capacitance\n",
-    "I=S*V**-1                             #current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print' Apparent Power, S = %d W'%S\n",
-    "print' Active Power, P = %d W'%apf\n",
-    "print' Reactive Power, Q = %d var'%Q\n",
-    "print' Current I = %.2f A'%I"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 16.4, Page 335"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Zl = (50+20j)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Zo=complex(50,-20)               #complex form of output impedance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Zl=np.conjugate(Zo)              #complex form of Load impedance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Zl = %s'%Zl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18_EqgYm0p.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18_EqgYm0p.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b24f0f02..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18_EqgYm0p.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18: Transient Behaviour"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 18.1, Page 376"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "v = 18.36 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "c=100*10**-6               #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "r=100*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "v=20                       #volt\n",
-    "t=25                       #time in seconds\n",
-    "e=2.71828                  #mathematical constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T=c*r                     #time in seconds\n",
-    "v1=v*(1-e**(-t*T**-1))    #volt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'v = %.2f V'%v1\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 18.2, Page 378"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "t = 10.2 mSec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "l=400*10**-3               #inductance in henry\n",
-    "i1=300                     #current in milliamp\n",
-    "r=20                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "v=15                       #volt\n",
-    "t=25                       #time in seconds\n",
-    "e=2.71828                  #mathematical constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T=l/r                     #time in seconds\n",
-    "i=(v*r**-1)*10**3         #current in amp\n",
-    "t=((math.log(i/(i-i1)))/(math.log(e)))*0.02  #expression to find time t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print't = %.1f mSec'%(t*10**3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 18.3, Page 382"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "v = 10 - 5 e^( -t/0.2 )  V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "c=20*10**-6               #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "r=10*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "v=5                       #volt\n",
-    "v2=10                       #volt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T=c*r                     #time in seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'v = %d - %d e^( -t/%.1f )  V'%(v2,v,T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19_mSxDpin.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19_mSxDpin.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b87fa7b1..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19_mSxDpin.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 19: Semiconductor Diodes"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 19.1, Page 392"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Peak Ripple Voltage = 0.4 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Introduction\n",
-    "i=0.2                 #current in amp\n",
-    "C=0.01                #Capacitance in farad\n",
-    "t=20*10**-3           #time in sec\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dv=i/C                #change in voltage w.r.t time\n",
-    "v=dv*t                #peak ripple voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Peak Ripple Voltage = %.1f V'%v\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 19.2, Page 406"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Peak Ripple Voltage = 0.2 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Introduction\n",
-    "i=0.2                 #current in amp\n",
-    "C=0.01                #Capacitance in farad\n",
-    "t=10*10**-3           #time in sec\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "dv=i/C                #change in voltage w.r.t time\n",
-    "v=dv*t                #peak ripple voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Peak Ripple Voltage = %.1f V'%v\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2.ipynb
index 8bc25886..51be698e 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "# Basic Electric Circuits and Components"
+    "# Chapter 2: Basic Electric Circuits and Components"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -341,9 +341,9 @@
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python2"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "version": "2.7.10"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20_hKMNWxW.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20_hKMNWxW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 960e2bde..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20_hKMNWxW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 20: Field-effect Transistors"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 20.1, Page"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Small signal voltage gain = -4 \n",
-      "Low frequency cut off = 0.16 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Introduction\n",
-    "gm=2*10**-3\n",
-    "rd=2*10**3                         #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "C=10**-6                           #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "R=10**6                            #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "G=-gm*rd                             #Small signal voltage gain\n",
-    "fc=1/(2*math.pi*C*R)                 #frequency in Hz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Small signal voltage gain = %d '%G\n",
-    "print'Low frequency cut off = %.2f Hz'%fc"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 20.2, Page"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rd = 0.67 kOhm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Introduction\n",
-    "idd=4*10**-3                        #current in ampere\n",
-    "vo=8                               #voltage\n",
-    "vdd=12                             #voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Rd=vo*(vdd-idd)**-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Rd = %.2f kOhm'%Rd          #wrong answer in textbook"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter21_gzzeK4K.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter21_gzzeK4K.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6d1b753b..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter21_gzzeK4K.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,241 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 21: Bipolar Transistors"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.1, Page 445"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Current, I = 2.04 mA\n",
-      "Output Voltage, V = 4.5 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "vcc=10                     #voltage\n",
-    "vbe=0.7                     #voltage, base-to-emitter junction\n",
-    "rb=910*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "hfe=200\n",
-    "rc=2.7*10**3                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ib=(vcc-vbe)/rb               #base current in ampere\n",
-    "ic=hfe*ib                     #collector in current in ampere\n",
-    "vo=vcc-(ic*rc)                #output voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Output Current, I = %.2f mA'%(ic*10**3)\n",
-    "print'Output Voltage, V = %.1f V'%vo"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.2, Page 445"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Quiescent Output Voltage, V = 5.6 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "vcc=10                     #voltage\n",
-    "r2=10*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r1=27*10**3                  #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "vbe=0.7                     #voltage, base-to-emitter junction\n",
-    "re=10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "rc=2.2*10**3                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vb=vcc*(r2*(r1+r2)**-1)                     # base voltage\n",
-    "ve=vb-vbe                           #emitter voltage\n",
-    "ie=ve/re                          #emitter current\n",
-    "ic=ie                           #collector current\n",
-    "vo=vcc-(ic*rc)                  #output voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Quiescent Output Voltage, V = %.1f V'%vo\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.3, Page 448"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage Gain = -2.2 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "re=10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "rc=2.2*10**3                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "gain=-rc/re                #voltage gain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Voltage Gain = %.1f mA'%gain\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.4, Page 451"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage Gain = 64 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "r1=15*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r2=47*10**3                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "C=220*10**-9                #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ri=(r1*r2)/(r1+r2)           #resistance in paraller\n",
-    "fco=1/(2*math.pi*C*ri)        #frequency in Hz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Voltage Gain = %d Hz'%round(fco)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.5, Page 453"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Quiescent Output Voltage, V = 2.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "vcc=10                     #voltage\n",
-    "r2=10*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r1=27*10**3                  #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "vbe=0.7                     #voltage, base-to-emitter junction\n",
-    "re=10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "rc=2.2*10**3                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vb=vcc*(r2*(r1+r2)**-1)                     # base voltage\n",
-    "ve=vb-vbe                           #emitter voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Quiescent Output Voltage, V = %.1f V'%ve\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter21_tQfhnpH.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter21_tQfhnpH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6d1b753b..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter21_tQfhnpH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,241 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 21: Bipolar Transistors"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.1, Page 445"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Current, I = 2.04 mA\n",
-      "Output Voltage, V = 4.5 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "vcc=10                     #voltage\n",
-    "vbe=0.7                     #voltage, base-to-emitter junction\n",
-    "rb=910*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "hfe=200\n",
-    "rc=2.7*10**3                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ib=(vcc-vbe)/rb               #base current in ampere\n",
-    "ic=hfe*ib                     #collector in current in ampere\n",
-    "vo=vcc-(ic*rc)                #output voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Output Current, I = %.2f mA'%(ic*10**3)\n",
-    "print'Output Voltage, V = %.1f V'%vo"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.2, Page 445"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Quiescent Output Voltage, V = 5.6 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "vcc=10                     #voltage\n",
-    "r2=10*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r1=27*10**3                  #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "vbe=0.7                     #voltage, base-to-emitter junction\n",
-    "re=10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "rc=2.2*10**3                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vb=vcc*(r2*(r1+r2)**-1)                     # base voltage\n",
-    "ve=vb-vbe                           #emitter voltage\n",
-    "ie=ve/re                          #emitter current\n",
-    "ic=ie                           #collector current\n",
-    "vo=vcc-(ic*rc)                  #output voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Quiescent Output Voltage, V = %.1f V'%vo\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.3, Page 448"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage Gain = -2.2 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "re=10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "rc=2.2*10**3                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "gain=-rc/re                #voltage gain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Voltage Gain = %.1f mA'%gain\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.4, Page 451"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage Gain = 64 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "r1=15*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r2=47*10**3                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "C=220*10**-9                #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ri=(r1*r2)/(r1+r2)           #resistance in paraller\n",
-    "fco=1/(2*math.pi*C*ri)        #frequency in Hz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Voltage Gain = %d Hz'%round(fco)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.5, Page 453"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Quiescent Output Voltage, V = 2.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "vcc=10                     #voltage\n",
-    "r2=10*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r1=27*10**3                  #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "vbe=0.7                     #voltage, base-to-emitter junction\n",
-    "re=10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "rc=2.2*10**3                 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "vb=vcc*(r2*(r1+r2)**-1)                     # base voltage\n",
-    "ve=vb-vbe                           #emitter voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Quiescent Output Voltage, V = %.1f V'%ve\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22_wZJNJdr.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22_wZJNJdr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b477d5ec..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22_wZJNJdr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,123 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 22: Power Electronics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.1, Page 475"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Output Voltage, V = 12.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "vz=4.7                     #voltage\n",
-    "r3=1.222*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r4=10**3                  #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vo=(vz+0.7)*((r3+r4)*r4**-1)         #output voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print' Output Voltage, V = %.1f V'%Vo\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.2, Page 476"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power delivered to the load, P = 5 W\n",
-      "Power dissipated in the output transistor, P = 10 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "vo=10                     #voltage\n",
-    "rl=5                      #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "vi=15                      #voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "io=vo*rl**-1                    #current in ampere\n",
-    "po=vo*io**-1                      #power delivered to the load in watt\n",
-    "pt=(vi-vo)*io                #power dissipated in the output transistor in watt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Power delivered to the load, P = %d W'%po\n",
-    "print'Power dissipated in the output transistor, P = %d W'%pt\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23_9hMbnX4.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23_9hMbnX4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e17dafb8..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23_9hMbnX4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,151 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 23: Electric Motors and Generators"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.1, Page 483"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sinusoidal Voltage with Peak value = 8.4 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#initialization\n",
-    "n=100                   #no of turns\n",
-    "b=400*10**-3            #magnetic field\n",
-    "a=20*10**-4             #area in cm^2\n",
-    "w=105                    #angular frequency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "v=n*b*a*w                 #voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#result\n",
-    "print'Sinusoidal Voltage with Peak value = %.1f V'%v"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.2, Page 488"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation Speed = 1800 rpm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#initialization\n",
-    "f=60                    #frequency in Hz\n",
-    "a=60                    #seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "f1=f/2                  #required rotation speed\n",
-    "f2=f1*a                  #equivalent rotation speed\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#result\n",
-    "print'Rotation Speed = %d rpm'%f2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.3, Page 490"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation Speed = 12000 rpm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#initialization\n",
-    "f=50                    #frequency in Hz\n",
-    "p=4                     #four times magnetic field for 8 pole motor\n",
-    "a=60                    #seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "f1=f*p                   #required rotation speed\n",
-    "f2=f1*a                  #equivalent rotation speed\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#result\n",
-    "print'Rotation Speed = %d rpm'%f2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2_a5yV2Qr.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2_a5yV2Qr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 51be698e..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2_a5yV2Qr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,363 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 2: Basic Electric Circuits and Components"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.1, Page 23"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current, I = 15.9 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "v1=15.8                 #voltage across r1\n",
-    "v2=12.3                 #voltage across r2\n",
-    "r2=220                  #resistance R2 in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=v1-v2                 #voltage difference across the resistor\n",
-    "i=v/r2                  #current in ampere\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Current, I = %.1f mA'%(i*1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.2, Page 24"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "I2 = 7 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "i1=10;                  #current in amp\n",
-    "i3=3;                  #current in amp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "i2=i1-i3                  #current in amp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'I2 = %d A'%i2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.3, Page 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "V1 = 5 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "E=12                  #EMF in volt\n",
-    "v2=7                  #volt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v1=E-v2                  #volt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'V1 = %d V'%v1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.4, Page 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P = 450 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "i=3                        #current in amp\n",
-    "r=50                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p=(i**2)*r                       #power in watt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'P = %d W'%p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.5, Page 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R = 70 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "r1=10                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r2=20                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r3=15                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r4=25                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "r=r1+r2+r3+r4                       #series resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'R = %d ohm'%r\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.6, Page 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R = 6.67 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "r1=10                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r2=20                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "r=(r1*r2)*(r1+r2)**-1                       #parallel resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'R = %.2f ohm'%r\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.7, Page 28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "scrolled": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "V = 6 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "r1=200                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r2=300                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=(10*r2)/(r1+r2)                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'V = %d V'%v"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.8, Page 29"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "V = 7 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "r1=1*10**3                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "r2=500                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "v1=15                         #voltage\n",
-    "v2=3                         #voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=v2+((v1-v2)*((r2)*(r1+r2)**-1))                       #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'V = %d V'%v\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.9, Page 30"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T = 20 ms\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "f=50                       #frequency in herts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "t=(1*f**-1)                    #time period\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'T = %d ms'%(t*10**3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5_VQzvFGO.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5_VQzvFGO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55d66248..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5_VQzvFGO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,253 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 5: Signals and Data Transmission"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.1, Page 71"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "An 8-bit word can take 2^8 = 256 values\n",
-      "\n",
-      "An 16-bit word can take 2^16 = 65536 values\n",
-      "\n",
-      "An 32-bit word can take 2^32 = 4.000000 x 10^9 values\n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "n=8                                 #8 bit\n",
-    "n2=16                               #16 bit\n",
-    "n3=32                               #32 bit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "c=2**n                               #value for 8 bit\n",
-    "c2=2**n2                             #value for 16 bit\n",
-    "c3=2**n3                             #value for 32 bit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'An 8-bit word can take 2^8 = %d values\\n'%c\n",
-    "print'An 16-bit word can take 2^16 = %d values\\n'%c2\n",
-    "print'An 32-bit word can take 2^32 = %f x 10^9 values\\n'%(c3/10**9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.2, Page 71"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "An 8-bit word resolution = 0.39 percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      "An 16-bit word resolution = 0.0015 percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      "An 32-bit word resolution = 0.000000023 percent\n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "n=8                                 #8 bit\n",
-    "n2=16                               #16 bit\n",
-    "n3=32                               #32 bit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "c=2**n                               #value for 8 bit\n",
-    "p=(1*c**-1)*100                      #percent\n",
-    "c2=2**n2                             #value for 16 bit\n",
-    "p2=(1*c2**-1)*100                      #percent\n",
-    "c3=2**n3                             #value for 32 bit\n",
-    "p3=(1*c3**-1)*100                      #percent\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'An 8-bit word resolution = %.2f percent\\n'%p\n",
-    "print'An 16-bit word resolution = %.4f percent\\n'%p2\n",
-    "print'An 32-bit word resolution = %.9f percent\\n'%p3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.3, Page 73"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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jvr4+uru7Aejq6qKnp4fe3l7gtUHl5daWBwYGkopnvC8PrkslHi937nJ/fz+LFy8G2Px9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\n8qp7rMXCBAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x8ee1f60>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#data\n",
-    "x = np.linspace(0, 3, 1)\n",
-    "y=2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#plotting\n",
-    "\n",
-    "plt.bar(1, y, 0.001*max(x))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xlabel(\"Frequency in kHz\")\n",
-    "ylabel(\"Voltage\")\n",
-    "title(\"Frequency Spectrum\")\n",
-    "plt.axis([0, 2, 0, 3])\n",
-    "plt.grid()\n",
-    "plt.show()\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.4, Page 73"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x8b6bd30>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#data\n",
-    "x = np.linspace(0, 3, 1)\n",
-    "y=2\n",
-    "y1=1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#plotting\n",
-    "plt.bar(1, y, 0.001*max(x))\n",
-    "plt.bar(1.5, y1, 0.001*max(x))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xlabel(\"Frequency in kHz\")\n",
-    "ylabel(\"Voltage\")\n",
-    "title(\"Frequency Spectrum\")\n",
-    "plt.axis([0, 2, 0, 3])\n",
-    "plt.grid()\n",
-    "plt.show()\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.5, Page 74"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Bandwidth = 7.0 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "f1=7000                         #Human Speech Frequency Upper limit in HZ\n",
-    "f2=50                         #Human Speech Frequency Lower limit in Hz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "B=f1-f2                            #Bandwidth in Hz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Bandwidth = %.1f kHz'%(B*1000**-1)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5_wnZtP1O.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5_wnZtP1O.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55d66248..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5_wnZtP1O.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,253 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 5: Signals and Data Transmission"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.1, Page 71"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "An 8-bit word can take 2^8 = 256 values\n",
-      "\n",
-      "An 16-bit word can take 2^16 = 65536 values\n",
-      "\n",
-      "An 32-bit word can take 2^32 = 4.000000 x 10^9 values\n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "n=8                                 #8 bit\n",
-    "n2=16                               #16 bit\n",
-    "n3=32                               #32 bit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "c=2**n                               #value for 8 bit\n",
-    "c2=2**n2                             #value for 16 bit\n",
-    "c3=2**n3                             #value for 32 bit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'An 8-bit word can take 2^8 = %d values\\n'%c\n",
-    "print'An 16-bit word can take 2^16 = %d values\\n'%c2\n",
-    "print'An 32-bit word can take 2^32 = %f x 10^9 values\\n'%(c3/10**9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.2, Page 71"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "An 8-bit word resolution = 0.39 percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      "An 16-bit word resolution = 0.0015 percent\n",
-      "\n",
-      "An 32-bit word resolution = 0.000000023 percent\n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "n=8                                 #8 bit\n",
-    "n2=16                               #16 bit\n",
-    "n3=32                               #32 bit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "c=2**n                               #value for 8 bit\n",
-    "p=(1*c**-1)*100                      #percent\n",
-    "c2=2**n2                             #value for 16 bit\n",
-    "p2=(1*c2**-1)*100                      #percent\n",
-    "c3=2**n3                             #value for 32 bit\n",
-    "p3=(1*c3**-1)*100                      #percent\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'An 8-bit word resolution = %.2f percent\\n'%p\n",
-    "print'An 16-bit word resolution = %.4f percent\\n'%p2\n",
-    "print'An 32-bit word resolution = %.9f percent\\n'%p3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.3, Page 73"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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jvr4+uru7Aejq6qKnp4fe3l7gtUHl5daWBwYGkopnvC8PrkslHi937nJ/fz+LFy8G2Px9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\n8qp7rMXCBAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x8ee1f60>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#data\n",
-    "x = np.linspace(0, 3, 1)\n",
-    "y=2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#plotting\n",
-    "\n",
-    "plt.bar(1, y, 0.001*max(x))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xlabel(\"Frequency in kHz\")\n",
-    "ylabel(\"Voltage\")\n",
-    "title(\"Frequency Spectrum\")\n",
-    "plt.axis([0, 2, 0, 3])\n",
-    "plt.grid()\n",
-    "plt.show()\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.4, Page 73"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x8b6bd30>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#data\n",
-    "x = np.linspace(0, 3, 1)\n",
-    "y=2\n",
-    "y1=1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#plotting\n",
-    "plt.bar(1, y, 0.001*max(x))\n",
-    "plt.bar(1.5, y1, 0.001*max(x))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xlabel(\"Frequency in kHz\")\n",
-    "ylabel(\"Voltage\")\n",
-    "title(\"Frequency Spectrum\")\n",
-    "plt.axis([0, 2, 0, 3])\n",
-    "plt.grid()\n",
-    "plt.show()\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.5, Page 74"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Bandwidth = 7.0 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "f1=7000                         #Human Speech Frequency Upper limit in HZ\n",
-    "f2=50                         #Human Speech Frequency Lower limit in Hz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "B=f1-f2                            #Bandwidth in Hz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Bandwidth = %.1f kHz'%(B*1000**-1)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6_4vuzkiJ.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6_4vuzkiJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4bcd3580..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6_4vuzkiJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,261 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 6: Amplification"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.1, Page 92"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ouput voltage of and amplifier = 15.2 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Ri=1000                    #Input Resistance of amplifier in Ohm\n",
-    "Rs=100                    #Output Resistance of sensor in Ohm\n",
-    "Rl=50                     #Load Resistance\n",
-    "Ro=10                    #Output Resistance of amplifier in Ohm\n",
-    "Av=10                     #Voltage gain\n",
-    "Vs=2                       #Sensor voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vi=Ri*Vs*(Rs+Ri)**-1               #Input Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "Vo=Av*Vi*Rl*(Ro+Rl)**-1               #Output Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Ouput voltage of and amplifier = %.1f V'%Vo\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.2, Page 93"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Voltage Gain, Av = 8.35\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Vo=15.2               #Output Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "Vi=1.82               #Input Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Av=Vo/Vi                     #Voltage gain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Voltage Gain, Av = %.2f'%Av\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.3, Page 94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ouput voltage of and amplifier = 20.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Av=10                     #Voltage gain\n",
-    "Vi=2                      #Input Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "Rl=50                     #Load Resistance\n",
-    "Ro=0                    #Output Resistance of amplifier in Ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Vo=Av*Vi*Rl/(Ro+Rl)               #Output Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Ouput voltage of and amplifier = %.1f V'%Vo\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.4, Page 96"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Power, Po = 4.6 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Vo=15.2                               #Output Voltage\n",
-    "Rl=50                                 #Load Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation \n",
-    "Po=(Vo**2)/Rl                           #Output Power\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Output Power, Po = %.1f W'%Po"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.5, Page 98"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power Gain, Ap = 1395\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "Vi=1.82                     #Input Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "Ri=1000                    #Input Resistance of amplifier in Ohm\n",
-    "Vo=15.2                     #Output Voltage of Amplifier\n",
-    "Rl=50                     #Load Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Pi=(Vi**2)*Ri**-1                #Input Power in Watt\n",
-    "Po=(Vo**2)*Rl**-1                #Output Power in Watt\n",
-    "Ap=Po/Pi                          #Power Gain\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Power Gain, Ap = %d'%Ap            #wrong answer in textbook     \n",
-    "             "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.6, Page 99"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power Gain (dB) = 31.5 dB\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "P=1400                          #Power gain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "pdb=10*math.log10(P)                 #Power Gain in dB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Power Gain (dB) = %.1f dB'%pdb\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8_IbkU2sr.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8_IbkU2sr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bc1fdb59..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8_IbkU2sr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 8: Operational Amplifier"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.3, Page 148"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Gain = 50\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "f=20*10**3              #bandwidth frequency in KHz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "gain=(10**6)/(f)         #gain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Gain = %d'%gain"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.4, Page 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "scrolled": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Resistance = 7.5 mOhm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Input Resistance = 20 GOhm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "og=2*10**5                          #Open Loop Gain\n",
-    "cg=20                              #Closed Loop Gain\n",
-    "or1=75                              #Output Resistance\n",
-    "ir1=2*10**6                          #Input Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ab=og*cg**-1                           #factor (1+AB)\n",
-    "or2=or1/ab                              #Output Resistance\n",
-    "ir2=ir1*ab                          #Input Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Output Resistance = %.1f mOhm\\n'%(or2*1000)\n",
-    "print'Input Resistance = %d GOhm'%(ir2*10**-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.5, Page 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Resistance = 7.5 mOhm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Input Resistance = 1 KOhm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "og=2*10**5                          #Open Loop Gain\n",
-    "cg=20                               #Closed Loop Gain\n",
-    "or1=75                              #Output Resistance\n",
-    "ir1=2*10**6                         #Input Resistance\n",
-    "r1=20*10**3                         #Resistnce in Ohm\n",
-    "r2=10**3                            #Resistnce in Ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ab=og*cg**-1                        #factor (1+AB)\n",
-    "or2=or1*ab**-1                          #Output Resistance\n",
-    "#the input is connected to a virtual earth point by the resistance R2, \n",
-    "#so the input resistance is equal to R 2 ,\n",
-    "ir2=r2                              #Input Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Output Resistance = %.1f mOhm\\n'%(or2*1000)\n",
-    "print'Input Resistance = %d KOhm'%(ir2*10**-3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.6, Page 151"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Resistance = 375 uOhm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Input Resistance = 400 GOhm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "og=2*10**5                          #Open Loop Gain\n",
-    "cg=1                              #Closed Loop Gain\n",
-    "or1=75                              #Output Resistance\n",
-    "ir1=2*10**6                          #Input Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ab=og*cg**-1                        #factor (1+AB)\n",
-    "or2=or1*ab**-1                      #Output Resistance\n",
-    "ir2=ir1*ab                          #Input Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Output Resistance = %d uOhm\\n'%(or2*10**6)       #wrong answer in the textbook\n",
-    "print'Input Resistance = %d GOhm'%(ir2*10**-9)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {},
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8_wMvTWIF.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8_wMvTWIF.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bc1fdb59..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8_wMvTWIF.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 8: Operational Amplifier"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.3, Page 148"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Gain = 50\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "f=20*10**3              #bandwidth frequency in KHz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "gain=(10**6)/(f)         #gain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Gain = %d'%gain"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.4, Page 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "scrolled": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Resistance = 7.5 mOhm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Input Resistance = 20 GOhm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "og=2*10**5                          #Open Loop Gain\n",
-    "cg=20                              #Closed Loop Gain\n",
-    "or1=75                              #Output Resistance\n",
-    "ir1=2*10**6                          #Input Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ab=og*cg**-1                           #factor (1+AB)\n",
-    "or2=or1/ab                              #Output Resistance\n",
-    "ir2=ir1*ab                          #Input Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Output Resistance = %.1f mOhm\\n'%(or2*1000)\n",
-    "print'Input Resistance = %d GOhm'%(ir2*10**-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.5, Page 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Resistance = 7.5 mOhm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Input Resistance = 1 KOhm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "og=2*10**5                          #Open Loop Gain\n",
-    "cg=20                               #Closed Loop Gain\n",
-    "or1=75                              #Output Resistance\n",
-    "ir1=2*10**6                         #Input Resistance\n",
-    "r1=20*10**3                         #Resistnce in Ohm\n",
-    "r2=10**3                            #Resistnce in Ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ab=og*cg**-1                        #factor (1+AB)\n",
-    "or2=or1*ab**-1                          #Output Resistance\n",
-    "#the input is connected to a virtual earth point by the resistance R2, \n",
-    "#so the input resistance is equal to R 2 ,\n",
-    "ir2=r2                              #Input Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Output Resistance = %.1f mOhm\\n'%(or2*1000)\n",
-    "print'Input Resistance = %d KOhm'%(ir2*10**-3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.6, Page 151"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Output Resistance = 375 uOhm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Input Resistance = 400 GOhm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "og=2*10**5                          #Open Loop Gain\n",
-    "cg=1                              #Closed Loop Gain\n",
-    "or1=75                              #Output Resistance\n",
-    "ir1=2*10**6                          #Input Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ab=og*cg**-1                        #factor (1+AB)\n",
-    "or2=or1*ab**-1                      #Output Resistance\n",
-    "ir2=ir1*ab                          #Input Resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'Output Resistance = %d uOhm\\n'%(or2*10**6)       #wrong answer in the textbook\n",
-    "print'Input Resistance = %d GOhm'%(ir2*10**-9)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {},
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9_f0YzOCH.ipynb b/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9_f0YzOCH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 489ec875..00000000
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9_f0YzOCH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,418 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 9: Digital Electronics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.8, Page 176"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Decimal Equivalent = 26.000000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "ni1=11010               #binary number\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def binary_decimal(ni): # Function to convert binary to decimal\n",
-    "    deci = 0;\n",
-    "    i = 0;\n",
-    "    while (ni != 0):\n",
-    "      rem = ni-int(ni/10.)*10\n",
-    "      ni = int(ni/10.);\n",
-    "      deci = deci + rem*2**i;\n",
-    "      i = i + 1;\n",
-    "    return deci\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=binary_decimal(ni1)              #calling the function\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Declaration\n",
-    "print'Decimal Equivalent = %f'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.9, Page 176"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Binary Equivalent = 11010\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialization\n",
-    "ni1=26                #Decimal number\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def decimal_binary(ni): # Function to convert decimal to binary\n",
-    "    bini = 0;\n",
-    "    i = 1;\n",
-    "    while (ni != 0):\n",
-    "      rem = ni-int(ni/2)*2; \n",
-    "      ni = int(ni/2);\n",
-    "      bini = bini + rem*i;\n",
-    "      i = i * 10;\n",
-    "    return bini\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=decimal_binary(ni1)              #calling the function\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Declaration\n",
-    "print'Binary Equivalent = %d'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.10, Page 177"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Decimal equivalent of 34.6875 = 100010.1011\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initializaton\n",
-    "\n",
-    "no=34.6875            #decimal number\n",
-    "n_int = int(no);     # Extract the integral part\n",
-    "n_frac = no-n_int;   # Extract the fractional part\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "def decimal_binary(ni): # Function to convert decimal to binary\n",
-    "    bini = 0;\n",
-    "    i = 1;\n",
-    "    while (ni != 0):\n",
-    "      rem = ni-int(ni/2)*2; \n",
-    "      ni = int(ni/2);\n",
-    "      bini = bini + rem*i;\n",
-    "      i = i * 10;\n",
-    "    return bini\n",
-    "\n",
-    "def decifrac_binfrac(nf): # Function to convert binary fraction to decimal fraction\n",
-    "    binf = 0; i = 0.1;\n",
-    "    while (nf != 0):\n",
-    "      nf = nf*2;\n",
-    "      rem = int(nf); \n",
-    "      nf = nf-rem;\n",
-    "      binf = binf + rem*i;\n",
-    "      i = i/10;\n",
-    "    return binf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"Decimal equivalent of 34.6875 = %.4f\"%(decimal_binary(n_int)+decifrac_binfrac(n_frac))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.11, Page 177"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W = 40979\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#initialization\n",
-    "n='A013'                 #Hex number \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "w=int(n, 16)              #Hex to Decimal Coversion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print'W = %d'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.12, Page 178"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The hexadecimal equivalent of 7046 is 0x1b86\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=7046                 #Hex number \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "h = hex(n)                             #decimal to hex conversion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"The hexadecimal equivalent of 7046 is\",h"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.13, Page 178"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Decimal equivalent of 34.6875 = 1111100001010001\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initializaton\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n='f851'                   #Hex Number\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=int(n, 16)              #Hex to Decimal Coversion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "def decimal_binary(ni): # Function to convert decimal to binary\n",
-    "    bini = 0;\n",
-    "    i = 1;\n",
-    "    while (ni != 0):\n",
-    "      rem = ni-int(ni/2)*2; \n",
-    "      ni = int(ni/2);\n",
-    "      bini = bini + rem*i;\n",
-    "      i = i * 10;\n",
-    "    return bini\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w1=decimal_binary(w)              #calling the function\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"Decimal equivalent of 34.6875 = %.d\"%(w1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.14, Page 179"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The hexadecimal equivalent of 111011011000100 is 0x76c4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initialiation\n",
-    "ni1=111011011000100               #binary number\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "def binary_decimal(ni): # Function to convert binary to decimal\n",
-    "    deci = 0;\n",
-    "    i = 0;\n",
-    "    while (ni != 0):\n",
-    "      rem = ni-int(ni/10.)*10\n",
-    "      ni = int(ni/10.);\n",
-    "      deci = deci + rem*2**i;\n",
-    "      i = i + 1;\n",
-    "    return deci\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=binary_decimal(ni1)              #calling the function\n",
-    "h = hex(w)                             #decimal to hex conversion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"The hexadecimal equivalent of 111011011000100 is\",h"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.15, Page 182"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Eqivalent BCD of 72 =  1001010001010000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#initialisation\n",
-    "x='9450'                           #decimal number to be convert\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "digits = [int(c) for c in x]\n",
-    "zero_padded_BCD_digits = [format(d, '04b') for d in digits]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#results\n",
-    "print \"Eqivalent BCD of 72 = \",\n",
-    "print ''.join(zero_padded_BCD_digits)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.16, Page 182"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The equivalent decimal =3876.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#Initialisation\n",
-    "BCD=\"0011 1000 0111 0110\"             #Given BCD string\n",
-    "BCD_split=BCD.split(\" \");        #Splitting th binary string into individual BCD \n",
-    "d=0;\n",
-    "for i in range(len(BCD_split),0,-1):\n",
-    "    d+=int(BCD_split[len(BCD_split)-i],2)*10**(i-1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"The equivalent decimal = %d.\"%d);\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter1.ipynb b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter1.ipynb
index c0f5f1b3..6b40d1a4 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.1      Page Number-13"
+    "## Example 1.1"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2 (a)      Page Number-18"
+    "## Example 1.2 (a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2 (b)      Page Number-18"
+    "## Example 1.2 (b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2 (c)      Page Number-18"
+    "## Example 1.2 (c)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2 (d)      Page Number-18"
+    "## Example 1.2 (d)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2 (e)      Page Number-18"
+    "## Example 1.2 (e)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2(a)      Page Number-22"
+    "## Example 1.2(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2(b)      Page Number-22"
+    "## Example 1.2(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2(c)      Page Number-22"
+    "## Example 1.2(c)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.3(a)       Page Number-24"
+    "## Example 1.3(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.3(b)      Page Number-24"
+    "## Example 1.3(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.3(c)      Page Number-24"
+    "## Example 1.3(c)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.4      Page Number-40"
+    "## Example 1.4"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.5      Page Number-43"
+    "## Example 1.5"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -501,7 +501,6 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter11.ipynb b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter11.ipynb
index aa3d39dd..4f097148 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter11.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.1         Page Number-642"
+    "## Example-11.1"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.2         Page Number-642"
+    "## Example-11.2"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.3         Page Number-643"
+    "## Example-11.3"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.4         Page Number-644"
+    "## Example-11.4"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.5         Page Number-645"
+    "## Example-11.5"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.6         Page Number-646"
+    "## Example-11.6"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.7         Page Number-647"
+    "## Example-11.7"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.8         Page Number-647"
+    "## Example-11.8"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.10(a)         Page Number-651"
+    "## Example-11.10(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.10(b)         Page Number-651"
+    "## Example-11.10(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.11         Page Number-654"
+    "## Example-11.11"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.12         Page Number-656"
+    "## Example-11.12"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.13         Page Number-657"
+    "## Example-11.13"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.14         Page Number-658"
+    "## Example-11.14"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter12.ipynb b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter12.ipynb
index 4089560e..424a5907 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter12.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.1         Page Number-676"
+    "## Example-12.1"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.2         Page Number-678"
+    "## Example-12.2"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.3         Page Number-679"
+    "## Example-12.3"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.5         Page Number-682"
+    "## Example-12.5"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.6(a)         Page Number-683"
+    "## Example-12.6(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.6(b)         Page Number-683"
+    "## Example-12.6(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.6(c)         Page Number-683"
+    "## Example-12.6(c)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.7         Page Number-686"
+    "## Example-12.7"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.8         Page Number-687"
+    "## Example-12.8"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.9(a)         Page Number-687"
+    "## Example-12.9(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.9(b)         Page Number-687"
+    "## Example-12.9(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.10         Page Number-692"
+    "## Example-12.10"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.11         Page Number-693"
+    "## Example-12.11"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.12         Page Number-693"
+    "## Example-12.12"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.13         Page Number-694"
+    "## Example-12.13"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.14         Page Number-694"
+    "## Example-12.14"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.15(a)         Page Number-696"
+    "## Example-12.15(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.15(b)         Page Number-696"
+    "## Example-12.15(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.16         Page Number-696"
+    "## Example-12.16"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.17         Page Number-698"
+    "## Example-12.17"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.18         Page Number-700"
+    "## Example-12.18"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -843,7 +843,6 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter13.ipynb b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter13.ipynb
index cd752ea3..44e84b33 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter13.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-13.1         Page Number-723"
+    "## Example-13.1"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAX4AAAEKCAYAAAAVaT4rAAAABHNCSVQICAgIfAhkiAAAAAlwSFlz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\nktSY/wPs7a/5bLlAFgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x3d5b940>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x3de7908>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
+    "import matplotlib.pylab as plt\n",
     "%matplotlib inline\n",
     "#for the given Astable multivibrator:\n",
     "Ra=7.5*(10**3)                #Resistance in ohm\n",
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-13.2         Page Number-724"
+    "## Example-13.2"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter14.ipynb b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter14.ipynb
index e5dd4d6a..62fb4bb8 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter14.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.1(a)         Page Number-745"
+    "## Example-14.1(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.1(b)         Page Number-745"
+    "## Example-14.1(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.2         Page Number-747"
+    "## Example-14.2"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.3         Page Number-748"
+    "## Example-14.3"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.4         Page Number-749"
+    "## Example-14.4"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.5         Page Number-750"
+    "## Example-14.5"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.6         Page Number-752"
+    "## Example-14.6"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.7         Page Number-758"
+    "## Example-14.7"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.8         Page Number-759"
+    "## Example-14.8"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.9         Page Number-760"
+    "## Example-14.9"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter15.ipynb b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter15.ipynb
index 11c73c3a..54188a98 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter15.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.1            Page Number-774"
+    "## Example-15.1"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.2            Page Number-775"
+    "## Example-15.1"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.3            Page Number-777"
+    "## Example-15.3"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.4            Page Number-778"
+    "## Example-15.4"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.5            Page Number-778"
+    "## Example-15.5"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.6            Page Number-780"
+    "## Example-15.6"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.7            Page Number-781"
+    "## Example-15.7"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.8            Page Number-782"
+    "## Example-15.8"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.9            Page Number-783"
+    "## Example-15.9"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.10            Page Number-784"
+    "## Example-15.10"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.11            Page Number-786"
+    "## Example-15.11"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.13            Page Number-791"
+    "## Example-15.13"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.14            Page Number-791"
+    "## Example-15.14"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.15            Page Number-792"
+    "## Example-15.15"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.16            Page Number-792"
+    "## Example-15.16"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter17.ipynb b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter17.ipynb
index 3771820e..ec1a6f79 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter17.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.1(a)            Page Number-854"
+    "## Example-17.1(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.1(b)            Page Number-854"
+    "## Example-17.1(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.1(c)            Page Number-854"
+    "## Example-17.1(c)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.1(d)            Page Number-854"
+    "## Example-17.1(d)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.1(f)            Page Number-854"
+    "## Example-17.1(f)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.2            Page Number-862"
+    "## Example-17.2"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.3(a)            Page Number-864"
+    "## Example-17.3(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.3(b)            Page Number-864"
+    "## Example-17.3(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.3(c)            Page Number-864"
+    "## Example-17.3(c)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -365,7 +365,6 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter2.ipynb b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter2.ipynb
index 43c84567..1d6ba377 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.1(a)      Page Number-62"
+    "## Example-2.1(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.1(b)      Page Number-62"
+    "## Example-2.1(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.2      Page Number-63"
+    "## Example-2.2"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.3      Page Number-64"
+    "## Example-2.3"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.4      Page Number-67"
+    "## Example-2.4"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.5      Page Number-68"
+    "## Example-2.5"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.6      Page Number-68"
+    "## Example-2.6"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.7      Page Number-69"
+    "## Example-2.7"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.8      Page Number-69"
+    "## Example-2.8"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.9      Page Number-70"
+    "## Example-2.9"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.10      Page Number-71"
+    "## Example-2.10"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.11      Page Number-72"
+    "## Example-2.11"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.12      Page Number-73"
+    "## Example-2.12"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.13      Page Number-74"
+    "## Example-2.13"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.14      Page Number-74"
+    "## Example-2.14"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.15      Page Number-75"
+    "## Example-2.15"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.24      Page Number-93"
+    "## Example-2.24"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.25      Page Number-94"
+    "## Example-2.25"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.26(a)      Page Number-96"
+    "## Example-2.26(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -715,7 +715,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.26(b)      Page Number-96"
+    "## Example-2.26(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -761,7 +761,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.27(a)      Page Number-98"
+    "## Example-2.27(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -798,7 +798,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.27(b)      Page Number-98"
+    "## Example-2.27(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -827,7 +827,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.28      Page Number-99"
+    "## Example-2.28"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter3.ipynb b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter3.ipynb
index 40635a03..5dc4aeac 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter3.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.1(a)      Page Number-136"
+    "## Example-3.1(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.1(b)      Page Number-136"
+    "## Example-3.1(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.1(c)      Page Number-136"
+    "## Example-3.1(c)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.1(d)      Page Number-136"
+    "## Example-3.1(d)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.2(a)      Page Number-141"
+    "## Example-3.2(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.2(b)      Page Number-141"
+    "## Example-3.2(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter4.ipynb b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter4.ipynb
index a923d73f..3c0e05d2 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter4.ipynb
@@ -55,797 +55,13 @@
    ]
   },
   {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.2   Page No-167"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The current saturation level= 5.45 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given data:\n",
-    "Vcc=12.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "Rc=2.2                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Icsat= Vcc/Rc              #saturation level\n",
-    "print \"The current saturation level=\",round(Icsat,2),\"mA\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.3   Page No-170"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collector Resistance= 2.0 Kohm\n",
-      "Base Resistance= 772.0 Kohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=Vce=20.0               #supply anmd collector emitter voltage in volts\n",
-    "Ic=10                      #collector current in mA at Vce=0V\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                    #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Ib=0.025                   #base current in mA\n",
-    "#calculations:\n",
-    "Rc=Vcc/Ic\n",
-    "Rb=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Ib)\n",
-    "print \"Collector Resistance=\",Rc,\"Kohm\"\n",
-    "print \"Base Resistance=\",Rb,\"Kohm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.4   Page No-172"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Base Current= 40.12 microA\n",
-      "collector Current= 2.01 mA\n",
-      "Collector Emitter voltage= 13.98 V\n",
-      "Collector voltage= 15.99 V\n",
-      "emitter voltage= 2.01 V\n",
-      "Base voltage= 2.71 V\n",
-      "Base Collector voltage= -13.28 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=20.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "Rb=430.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "B=50\n",
-    "Rc=2.0                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=1.0                     #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(B+1)*Re)\n",
-    "Ic=B*Ib\n",
-    "Vce=Vcc-(Rc+Re)*Ic\n",
-    "Vc=Vcc-Ic*Rc\n",
-    "Ve=Vc-Vce\n",
-    "Vb=Vbe+Ve\n",
-    "Vbc=Vb-Vc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Base Current=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA\"\n",
-    "print \"collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector voltage=\",round(Vc,2),\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"emitter voltage=\",round(Ve,2),\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"Base voltage=\",round(Vb,2),\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"Base Collector voltage=\",round(Vbc,2),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.6   Page No-174"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The current saturation level= 6.67 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=20.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "Rc=2.0                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=1.0                     #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Icsat= Vcc/(Rc+Re)        #saturation level\n",
-    "print \"The current saturation level=\",round(Icsat,2),\"mA\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.8   Page No-178"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "collector Current= 0.84 mA\n",
-      "Collector Emitter voltage= 12.36 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=22.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "R1=39.0                    #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "R2=3.9                     #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "B=100\n",
-    "Rc=10.0                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=1.5                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                    #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Rth=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)         #Thevenin resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Eth=(R2*Vcc)/(R1+R2)        #Thevenin voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Ib=(Eth-Vbe)/(Rth+(B+1)*Re)  #base current in microA\n",
-    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
-    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc+Re)           #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.10   Page No-180"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "collector Current= 0.81 mA\n",
-      "Collector Emitter voltage= 12.66 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=22.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "R1=39.0                    #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "R2=3.9                     #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "B=50\n",
-    "Rc=10.0                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=1.5                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                    #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Rth=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)         #Thevenin resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Eth=(R2*Vcc)/(R1+R2)        #Thevenin voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Ib=(Eth-Vbe)/(Rth+(B+1)*Re)  #base current in microA\n",
-    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
-    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc+Re)           #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.11   Page No-181"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Exact Analysis:\n",
-      "collector Current= 1.98 mA\n",
-      "Collector Emitter voltage= 4.55 V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Approximate Analysis:\n",
-      "collector Current= 2.59 mA\n",
-      "Collector Emitter voltage= 3.77 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "#EXACT ANALYSIS\n",
-    "Vcc=18.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "R1=82.0                    #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "R2=22                      #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "B=50\n",
-    "Rc=5.6                      #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=1.2                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Rth=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)         #Thevenin resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Eth=(R2*Vcc)/(R1+R2)        #Thevenin voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Ib=(Eth-Vbe)/(Rth+(B+1)*Re)  #base current in microA\n",
-    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
-    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc+Re)           #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Exact Analysis:\"\n",
-    "print \"collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\\n\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Approximate Analysis:\"\n",
-    "Vb=Eth=3.81                 #base voltage in volts\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Rc=5.6                      #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=1.2                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Vcc=18.0                    #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Ve=Vb-Vbe                   #emitter voltage in volts\n",
-    "Ic=Ve/Re                    #collector current in mA\n",
-    "Vce=Vcc-((Ic*(Rc+Re)))      #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce*10,2),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.12   Page No-184"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collector Current= 1.07 mA\n",
-      "Collector Emitter voltage= 3.68 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=10.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "Rb=250                     #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "B=90\n",
-    "Rc=4.7                      #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=1.2                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(Rc+Re)*B)  #base current in microA\n",
-    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
-    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc+Re)           #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.13   Page No-185"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collector Current= 1.2 mA\n",
-      "Collector Emitter voltage= 2.92 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=10.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "Rb=250                     #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "B=135\n",
-    "Rc=4.7                      #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=1.2                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(Rc+Re)*B)  #base current in microA\n",
-    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
-    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc+Re)           #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.14   Page No-186"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Base Current= 35.54 microA\n",
-      "Collector voltage= 9.2 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=18.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "R1=91.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "R2=110.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Rc=3.3                      #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=0.51                    #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "B=75.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Rb=R1+R2\n",
-    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(Rc+Re)*B)  #base current in microA\n",
-    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
-    "Vc=Vcc-Ic*(Rc)               #collector voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Base Current=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector voltage=\",round(Vc,2),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.16   Page No-188"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Base Current= 45.73 microA\n",
-      "Collector voltage= 11.68 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vee=20.0                   #emitter voltage in volts\n",
-    "Rb=240.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=2.0                     #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "B=90.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Ib=(Vee-Vbe)/(Rb+(B+1)*Re)  #base current in microA\n",
-    "Ie=(B+1)*Ib                 #emitter current in mA\n",
-    "Vce=Vee-Ie*Re               #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Base Current=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.17   Page No-190"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 86,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Emitter Current= 2.75 mA\n",
-      "Base Current= 45.08 microA\n",
-      "Collector Emitter voltage= 4.1 V\n",
-      "Collector Base voltage= 3.51 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=10.0                   #collector voltage in volts\n",
-    "Vee=4                      #emitter voltage in volts\n",
-    "B=60\n",
-    "Rc=2.4                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=1.2                     #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Ie=(Vee-Vbe)/Re             #emitter current in mA\n",
-    "Ib=Ie/(B+1)                 #base current in microA\n",
-    "Vce=Vee+Vcc-Ie*(Rc+Re)      #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Vcb=Vcc-B*Ib*Rc              #collector base voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Emitter Current=\",round(Ie,2),\"mA\"\n",
-    "print \"Base Current=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector Base voltage=\",round(Vcb,2),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.18   Page No-190"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Base Current= 15.51 microA\n",
-      "Collector Current= 1.86 mA\n",
-      "Collector emitter voltage= 11.25 V\n",
-      "Base Voltage= 0.7 V\n",
-      "Collector Voltage= 11.25 V\n",
-      "Emitter Voltage= 0 V\n",
-      "Base-collector Voltage= -10.55 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=20.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "Rb=680.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Rc=4.7                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "B=120.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(Rc)*B)     #base current in microA\n",
-    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
-    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc)               #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Vb=Vbe                        #Base voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Vc=Vce                        #collector voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Ve=0                          #emitter voltage in Volts \n",
-    "Vbc=Vb-Vc                     #base collector voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Base Current=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"Base Voltage=\",Vb,\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector Voltage=\",round(Vc,2),\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"Emitter Voltage=\",Ve,\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"Base-collector Voltage=\",round(Vbc,2),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.19   Page No-191"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 87,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collector voltage= -4.48 V\n",
-      "Base voltage= -8.3 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vee=9                      #emitter voltage in volts\n",
-    "B=45\n",
-    "Rc=1.2                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Rb=100.0                   #Base resistance in kohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Ib=(Vee-Vbe)/Rb            #base current in microA\n",
-    "Ic=B*Ib                    #collecotr current in mA\n",
-    "Vc=-Ic*Rc                  #collector voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Vb=-Ib*Rb                  #base voltage in Volts\n",
-    " \n",
-    "print \"Collector voltage=\",round(Vc,2),\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"Base voltage=\",round(Vb,2),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.21   Page No-194"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 88,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Base resistance= 482.5 kohm\n",
-      "Collector resistance= 2.5 kohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=20.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "Ic=8.0                     #collector current in mA\n",
-    "Ib=40.0                    #base current in microA\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Rc=Vcc/Ic                   #Collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Rb=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Ib/1000)      #base resistance in kohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Base resistance=\",round(Rb,2),\"kohm\"\n",
-    "print \"Collector resistance=\",round(Rc,2),\"kohm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.22   Page No-196"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 85,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "2.4\n",
-      "R1= 86.52 Kohm\n",
-      "Rc= 2.18 kohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=18.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "R2=18.0                    #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Re=1.2                     #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Ic=2                        #collector current in mA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculation:\n",
-    "Ve=Ic*Re                   #emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Vb=Vbe+Ve                  #base voltage in Volts\n",
-    "R1=((R2*Vcc)/(Vb))-R2      #base resistance in kohm\n",
-    "Vc=Vce+Ve                   #collector voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Rc=(Vcc-Vc)/Ic              #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R1=\",round(R1,2),\"Kohm\"\n",
-    "print \"Rc=\",round(Rc,2),\"kohm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.26   Page No-201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 90,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mirrored current I= 10.27 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=12                  #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                 #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Rx=1.1                  #resistance in kohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ix=(Vcc-Vbe)/Rx\n",
-    "print \"Mirrored current I=\",round(Ix,2),\"mA\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.27   Page No-201"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 92,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current I= 4.08 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vcc=6                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                 #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Rx=1.3                  #resistance in kohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ix=(Vcc-Vbe)/Rx\n",
-    "print \"Current I=\",round(Ix,2),\"mA\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.29   Page No-204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 94,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
+    "collapsed": true
    },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current I= 3.06 mA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given figure:\n",
-    "Vz=6.2                  #diode voltage in volts\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                 #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
-    "Re=1.8                  #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(Vz-Vbe)/Re\n",
-    "print \"Current I=\",round(I,2),\"mA\""
-   ]
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter4_z7f37sA.ipynb b/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter4_z7f37sA.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3c0e05d2..00000000
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter4_z7f37sA.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 4- DC Biasing - BJTs"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example-4.1   Page No-165"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a.Base current Ibq= 47.08 microA and Collector current Icq= 2.35 mA\n",
-      "b.Collector-Emitter voltage Vceq= 6.82 V\n",
-      "c.Base voltage Vb= 0.7 V and Collector Voltage Vc= 6.82 V\n",
-      "d.Base-Collector voltage Vbcq= -6.12 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#from the given data:\n",
-    "Vcc=12.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
-    "Vbe=0.7                    #base emitter voltage in volts\n",
-    "Rb=240.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
-    "B=50\n",
-    "Rc=2.2                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation:\n",
-    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/Rb            #base current in microA\n",
-    "Ic=B*Ib                    #collector current in mA\n",
-    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*Rc              #collector-emitter voltage in volts\n",
-    "Vb=Vbe                     #base volate in volts\n",
-    "Vc=Vce                     #collector voltage in volts\n",
-    "Vbc=Vb-Vc                  #bse-collector voltage in volts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"a.Base current Ibq=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA and Collector current Icq=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
-    "print \"b.Collector-Emitter voltage Vceq=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"c.Base voltage Vb=\",Vb,\"V and Collector Voltage Vc=\",round(Vc,2),\"V\"\n",
-    "print \"d.Base-Collector voltage Vbcq=\",round(Vbc,2),\"V\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Electronic_Measurements_and_Instrumentation_by_Er.R.K.Rajput/CHAPTER_2_.ipynb b/Electronic_Measurements_and_Instrumentation_by_Er.R.K.Rajput/CHAPTER2.ipynb
index d2b818c6..d2b818c6 100755
--- a/Electronic_Measurements_and_Instrumentation_by_Er.R.K.Rajput/CHAPTER_2_.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Measurements_and_Instrumentation_by_Er.R.K.Rajput/CHAPTER2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_1_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_1.ipynb
index 5245d442..5245d442 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_1_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_10_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_10.ipynb
index c36aae9c..c36aae9c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_10_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_11_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_11.ipynb
index 9065b138..9065b138 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_11_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_12_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_12.ipynb
index 9f88647a..9f88647a 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_12_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_13_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_13.ipynb
index 2b92ce1a..2b92ce1a 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_13_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_14_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_14.ipynb
index d4234e3d..d4234e3d 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_14_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_15_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_15.ipynb
index b47db517..b47db517 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_15_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_16_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_16.ipynb
index 847a3379..847a3379 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_16_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_17_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_17.ipynb
index a6647813..a6647813 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_17_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_17.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_18_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_18.ipynb
index a06bb044..a06bb044 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_18_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_18.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_19_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_19.ipynb
index 2cb36ac1..2cb36ac1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_19_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_19.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_2_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_2.ipynb
index 4404a233..4404a233 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_2_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_20_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_20.ipynb
index 1bf81dd2..1bf81dd2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_20_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_20.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_21_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_21.ipynb
index 93fb24ec..93fb24ec 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_21_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_21.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_22_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_22.ipynb
index ebbb0124..ebbb0124 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_22_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_22.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_23_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_23.ipynb
index a842cb81..a842cb81 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_23_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_23.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_24_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_24.ipynb
index ab177723..ab177723 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_24_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_24.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_3_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_3.ipynb
index e4397d8b..e4397d8b 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_3_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_4_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_4.ipynb
index b02a4e3e..b02a4e3e 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_4_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_5_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_5.ipynb
index cfea03f3..cfea03f3 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_5_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_6_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_6.ipynb
index 990f6ef8..990f6ef8 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_6_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_7_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_7.ipynb
index bf956ac7..bf956ac7 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_7_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_8_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_8.ipynb
index 5db68b59..5db68b59 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_8_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_9_New.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_9.ipynb
index 3fb67bca..3fb67bca 100755
--- a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_9_New.ipynb
+++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Boiling_Heat_Transfer.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Boiling_Heat.ipynb
index 301b16bb..301b16bb 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Boiling_Heat_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Boiling_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Combustion_Processes.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Combustion.ipynb
index 7fb09a1d..7fb09a1d 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Combustion_Processes.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Combustion.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Conduction_Heat_Transfer.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Conduction_Heat.ipynb
index a0581011..a0581011 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Conduction_Heat_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Conduction_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Convection_Heat_Transfer1.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Convection_Heat.ipynb
index 2ea6f9a3..2ea6f9a3 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Convection_Heat_Transfer1.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Convection_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/First_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/First_Law_of.ipynb
index 3527510d..3527510d 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/First_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/First_Law_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Gas_Properties_and_Processes.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Gas_Properties_and.ipynb
index 06c3555a..06c3555a 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Gas_Properties_and_Processes.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Gas_Properties_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Radiation_Heat_Transfer.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Radiation_Heat.ipynb
index 720fca7f..720fca7f 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Radiation_Heat_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Radiation_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Refrigeration_and_Air_Conditioning.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Refrigeration_and_Air.ipynb
index 97e842ae..97e842ae 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Refrigeration_and_Air_Conditioning.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Refrigeration_and_Air.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Second_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Second_Law_of.ipynb
index cf940111..cf940111 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Second_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Second_Law_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Surface_Tension.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Surface.ipynb
index 61b786fd..61b786fd 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Surface_Tension.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Surface.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Thermodynamic_Definitions_and_Concepts.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Thermodynamic_Definitions_and.ipynb
index e879a1fa..e879a1fa 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Thermodynamic_Definitions_and_Concepts.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Thermodynamic_Definitions_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Units_and_Dimensions.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Units_and.ipynb
index f757dc50..f757dc50 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Units_and_Dimensions.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/Units_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/work_and_heat.ipynb b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/work_and.ipynb
index ad0face6..ad0face6 100755
--- a/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/work_and_heat.ipynb
+++ b/Elements_of_thermal_technology_by_John_H._Seely/work_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_14_Kinetics_of__nM3MpcX.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter14KineticsofaParticleWorkandEnergy.ipynb
index 2fcc32fb..2fcc32fb 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_14_Kinetics_of__nM3MpcX.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter14KineticsofaParticleWorkandEnergy.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_10_Moments_of_Inertia.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_10_Moments_of.ipynb
index c3e6cf59..c3e6cf59 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_10_Moments_of_Inertia.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_10_Moments_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_11__Virtual_Work.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_11__Virtual.ipynb
index 3ee3ef32..3ee3ef32 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_11__Virtual_Work.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_11__Virtual.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_o_KMlkVxo.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_o.ipynb
index 59332347..59332347 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_o_KMlkVxo.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_o.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_of_a_Particle.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_of_a.ipynb
index 59332347..59332347 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_of_a_Particle.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_of_a.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of__QCPBknl.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of_.ipynb
index ada4b114..ada4b114 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of__QCPBknl.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of_.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Force_and_Acceleration.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Force_and.ipynb
index ada4b114..ada4b114 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Force_and_Acceleration.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Force_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_14_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Work_and_Energy_.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_14_Kinetics_of_.ipynb
index 2fcc32fb..2fcc32fb 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_14_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Work_and_Energy_.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_14_Kinetics_of_.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of__XnxZDvg.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of_.ipynb
index 1157bdc9..1157bdc9 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of__XnxZDvg.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of_.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Impulse_and_Momentum.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Impulse_and.ipynb
index 1157bdc9..1157bdc9 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Impulse_and_Momentum.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Impulse_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinem_iVoLBQW.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinem.ipynb
index 677b13e4..677b13e4 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinem_iVoLBQW.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinem.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinematics_of_a_Rigid_Body.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinematics_of_a_Rigid.ipynb
index 677b13e4..677b13e4 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinematics_of_a_Rigid_Body.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinematics_of_a_Rigid.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinet_WgJywgt.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinet.ipynb
index ea63db73..ea63db73 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinet_WgJywgt.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinet.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Force_and_Acceleration.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Force_and.ipynb
index ea63db73..ea63db73 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Force_and_Acceleration.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Force_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinet_zX8jNLD.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinet.ipynb
index 321b8558..321b8558 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinet_zX8jNLD.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinet.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Work_and_Energy.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Work_and.ipynb
index 321b8558..321b8558 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Work_and_Energy.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Work_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinet_mpYSt47.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinet.ipynb
index d7c43858..d7c43858 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinet_mpYSt47.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinet.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Impulse_and_Momentum.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Impulse_and.ipynb
index d7c43858..d7c43858 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Impulse_and_Momentum.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Impulse_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_1_General_Principles.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_1_General.ipynb
index 62d27f1f..62d27f1f 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_1_General_Principles.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_1_General.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_2_Force_Vectors.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_2_Force.ipynb
index 8b8efd6a..8b8efd6a 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_2_Force_Vectors.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_2_Force.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_o_hYESk4B.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_o.ipynb
index aef96ff3..aef96ff3 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_o_hYESk4B.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_o.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_of_a_Particle.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_of_a.ipynb
index aef96ff3..aef96ff3 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_of_a_Particle.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_of_a.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System_Resultants.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System.ipynb
index 7de45a57..7de45a57 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System_Resultants.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System__zCBXq4n.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System_.ipynb
index 7de45a57..7de45a57 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System__zCBXq4n.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System_.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_o_wA2OXD7.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_o.ipynb
index b3b5669a..b3b5669a 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_o_wA2OXD7.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_o.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_of_a_Rigid_Body.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_of_a_Rigid.ipynb
index b3b5669a..b3b5669a 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_of_a_Rigid_Body.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_of_a_Rigid.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_6_Structural_Analysis.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_6_Structural.ipynb
index 4fe7e652..4fe7e652 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_6_Structural_Analysis.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_6_Structural.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_7_Internal_Forces.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_7_Internal.ipynb
index 013e54d4..013e54d4 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_7_Internal_Forces.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_7_Internal.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_8_Friction.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_8.ipynb
index f2059979..f2059979 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_8_Friction.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gra_jwxxiZg.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gra.ipynb
index 92c855af..92c855af 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gra_jwxxiZg.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gra.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gravity_and_Centroid.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gravity_and.ipynb
index 92c855af..92c855af 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gravity_and_Centroid.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gravity_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_14_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Work_and_Energy_.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter14KineticsofaParticleWorkandEnergy.ipynb
index 2fcc32fb..2fcc32fb 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_14_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Work_and_Energy_.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter14KineticsofaParticleWorkandEnergy.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_10_Moments_of_Inertia.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_10_Moments_of.ipynb
index c3e6cf59..c3e6cf59 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_10_Moments_of_Inertia.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_10_Moments_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_11__Virtual_Work.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_11__Virtual.ipynb
index 3ee3ef32..3ee3ef32 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_11__Virtual_Work.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_11__Virtual.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_of_a_Particle.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_of_a.ipynb
index 59332347..59332347 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_of_a_Particle.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_12_Kinematics_of_a.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Force_and_Acceleration.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Force_and.ipynb
index ada4b114..ada4b114 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Force_and_Acceleration.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_13_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Force_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Impulse_and_Momentum.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Impulse_and.ipynb
index 1157bdc9..1157bdc9 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Impulse_and_Momentum.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_15_Kinetics_of_a_Particle_Impulse_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinematics_of_a_Rigid_Body.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinematics_of_a_Rigid.ipynb
index 677b13e4..677b13e4 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinematics_of_a_Rigid_Body.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_16_Planar_Kinematics_of_a_Rigid.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Force_and_Acceleration.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Force_and.ipynb
index ea63db73..ea63db73 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Force_and_Acceleration.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_17_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Force_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Work_and_Energy.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Work_and.ipynb
index 321b8558..321b8558 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Work_and_Energy.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_18_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Work_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Impulse_and_Momentum.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Impulse_and.ipynb
index d7c43858..d7c43858 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Impulse_and_Momentum.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_19_Planar_Kinetics_of_a_Rigid_Body_Impulse_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_1_General_Principles.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_1_General.ipynb
index 62d27f1f..62d27f1f 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_1_General_Principles.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_1_General.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_2_Force_Vectors.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_2_Force.ipynb
index 8b8efd6a..8b8efd6a 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_2_Force_Vectors.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_2_Force.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_of_a_Particle.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_of_a.ipynb
index aef96ff3..aef96ff3 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_of_a_Particle.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_3_Equilibrium_of_a.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System_Resultants.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System.ipynb
index 7de45a57..7de45a57 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System_Resultants.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_4_Force_System.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_of_a_Rigid_Body.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_of_a_Rigid.ipynb
index b3b5669a..b3b5669a 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_of_a_Rigid_Body.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_5_Equilibrium_of_a_Rigid.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_6_Structural_Analysis.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_6_Structural.ipynb
index 4fe7e652..4fe7e652 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_6_Structural_Analysis.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_6_Structural.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_7_Internal_Forces.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_7_Internal.ipynb
index 013e54d4..013e54d4 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_7_Internal_Forces.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_7_Internal.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_8_Friction.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_8.ipynb
index f2059979..f2059979 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_8_Friction.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gravity_and_Centroid.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gravity_and.ipynb
index 92c855af..92c855af 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gravity_and_Centroid.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_Statics_and_Dynamics_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_9_Center_of_Gravity_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_16_KINETICS_OF_A_PARTICLE_WORK_AND_ENERGY_.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter16KINETICSOFAPARTICLEWORKANDENERGY.ipynb
index e376ef40..e376ef40 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_16_KINETICS_OF_A_PARTICLE_WORK_AND_ENERGY_.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter16KINETICSOFAPARTICLEWORKANDENERGY.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_13_PRINCIPLE_OF_VIRTUAL_WORK.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_13_PRINCIPLE_OF_VIRTUAL_WORK.ipynb
index 70272cbe..e9fe9441 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_13_PRINCIPLE_OF_VIRTUAL_WORK.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_13_PRINCIPLE_OF_VIRTUAL_WORK.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -57,10 +57,10 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "The Horizontal component of reaction at A (X_A) is 333.333333 N\n",
-      "The Vertical component of reaction at A (Y_A) is 1333.333333 N\n",
-      "The Horizontal component of reaction at B (X_B) is 333.333333 N\n",
-      "The Vertical component of reaction at B (Y_B) is 666.666667 N\n"
+      "The Horizontal component of reaction at A (X_A) is 333.000000 N\n",
+      "The Vertical component of reaction at A (Y_A) is 1334.000000 N\n",
+      "The Horizontal component of reaction at B (X_B) is 333.000000 N\n",
+      "The Vertical component of reaction at B (Y_B) is 666.000000 N\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
@@ -90,21 +90,21 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
     "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
+    "version": 2
    },
    "file_extension": ".py",
    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.1"
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   },
   "widgets": {
    "state": {},
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_13_PRINCIPLE_OF_VIRTUAL_WORK_ionFJ6V.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_13_PRINCIPLE_OF_VIRTUAL_WORK_ionFJ6V.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e9fe9441..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_13_PRINCIPLE_OF_VIRTUAL_WORK_ionFJ6V.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 13 Principle of Virtual Work"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 13.1 Application of Principle of Virtual Work"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of force (i.e P) that can hold the system in equilibrium is 500 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "W=1000 # N # weight to be raised\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# From the Principle of virtual work,\n",
-    "P=W/2 # N\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The value of force (i.e P) that can hold the system in equilibrium is %d N'%P)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 13.7 Application of Principle of Virtual Work"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Horizontal component of reaction at A (X_A) is 333.000000 N\n",
-      "The Vertical component of reaction at A (Y_A) is 1334.000000 N\n",
-      "The Horizontal component of reaction at B (X_B) is 333.000000 N\n",
-      "The Vertical component of reaction at B (Y_B) is 666.000000 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "P=1000 # N # Force acting at the hinge of the 1st square\n",
-    "Q=1000 # N # Force acting at the hinge of the 2nd square\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Chosing the co-ordinate system with originat A, we can write,\n",
-    "theta=45 # degree\n",
-    "# Forces that do work are P,Q & X_B. Applying the principle of virtual work & Simplyfying and solving for X_B,\n",
-    "X_B=((2*P)/6)*(math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)/math.sin(theta*math.pi/180)) # N \n",
-    "# Now give a virtual angular displacement to the whole frame about end A such that line AB turns by an angle delta_phi.\n",
-    "# The force doing work are P,Q&Y_B.Applying the principle of virtual work & Simplyfying this eq'n and solving for Y_B,\n",
-    "Y_B=((3*Q)+P)/6 # N\n",
-    "# Simply by removing the support at A & replacing it by the reactions X_A & Y_A we can obtain,\n",
-    "X_A=X_B # N\n",
-    "Y_A=P+Q-Y_B # N\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The Horizontal component of reaction at A (X_A) is %f N'%X_A)\n",
-    "print('The Vertical component of reaction at A (Y_A) is %f N'%Y_A)\n",
-    "print('The Horizontal component of reaction at B (X_B) is %f N'%X_B)\n",
-    "print('The Vertical component of reaction at B (Y_B) is %f N'%Y_B)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_14_RECTILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_14_RECTILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE.ipynb
index e5f012c8..332fd559 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_14_RECTILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_14_RECTILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -27,11 +27,13 @@
      "text": [
       "The acceleration of block B is -0.060000 m/s**2\n",
       "The velocity of trolley & the block after 4 sec is 0.720000 m/s & -0.240000 m/s\n",
-      "The distance moved by the trolley & the block is 1.440000 m & -0.480000 m\n"
+      "The distance moved by the trolley & the block is 0.000000 m & -0.000000 m\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "a_T=0.18 # m/s**2 # acc of trolley\n",
     "# Calculations\n",
@@ -73,6 +75,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initiliztion of variables\n",
     "v_B=12 # cm/s # velocity of block B\n",
     "u=0\n",
@@ -114,6 +118,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "u=72*(1000/(60*60)) # km/hr # speed of the vehicle\n",
     "s=300 # m # distance where the light is turning is red\n",
@@ -151,6 +157,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "S=50 # m # height of the tower\n",
     "v=25 # m/s # velocity at which the stone is thrown up from the foot of the tower\n",
@@ -188,6 +196,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
     "import math\n",
     "# Intilization of variables\n",
     "acc=0.5 # m/s**2 # acceleration of the elevator\n",
@@ -235,6 +244,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "v=60 # km/hr # velocity of the train\n",
     "d1=15 # km # Distance travelled by the local train from the velocity-time graph (here d1= Area OED)\n",
@@ -275,6 +286,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "a=10 # m/s**2 # acceleration of the particle\n",
     "S_5th=50 # m # distance travelled by the particle during the 5th second\n",
@@ -315,6 +328,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "# Conditions given are\n",
     "t=1 # s\n",
@@ -358,6 +373,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Calculations\n",
     "# From eq'n 2 it is clear that velocity of the particle becomes zero at t=3 sec\n",
     "t=3 # sec .. from eq'n 2\n",
@@ -394,6 +411,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "F=250 # N # Force acting on a body\n",
     "m=100 # kg # mass of the body\n",
@@ -428,6 +447,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "a=1 # m/s**2 # downward/upward acceleration of the elevator\n",
     "W=500 # N # Weight of man\n",
@@ -466,6 +487,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "W=5000 # N # Total weight of the elevator\n",
     "u=0 # m/s\n",
@@ -511,6 +534,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "M_1=10 # kg # mass of the 1st block\n",
     "M_2=5 # kg # mass of the 2nd block\n",
@@ -547,6 +572,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "M_1=150 # kg # mass of the 1st block\n",
     "M_2=100 # kg # mass of the 2nd block\n",
@@ -583,6 +610,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "M_1=5 # kg # mass of the 1st block\n",
     "theta_1=30 # degree # inclination of the 1st plane\n",
@@ -622,6 +651,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "S=5 # m # distance between block A&B\n",
     "mu_A=0.2 # coefficient of friction between the block A and the inclined plane\n",
@@ -668,6 +699,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "P=50 # N # Weight of the car\n",
     "Q=100 # N # Weight of the rectangular block\n",
@@ -705,6 +738,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "P=40 # N # weight on puley r_1\n",
     "Q=60 # N # weight on pulley r_2\n",
@@ -740,6 +775,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "M=15 # kg # mass of the wedge\n",
     "m=6 # kg # mass of the block\n",
@@ -779,6 +816,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "import numpy\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "P=30 # N # weight on pulley A\n",
@@ -827,6 +866,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "W=1 # kg/m # weight of the bar\n",
     "L_AB=0.6 # m # length of segment AB\n",
@@ -861,21 +902,21 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
     "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
+    "version": 2
    },
    "file_extension": ".py",
    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.1"
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   },
   "widgets": {
    "state": {},
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_14_RECTILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE_yjFw3Lw.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_14_RECTILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE_yjFw3Lw.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 332fd559..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_14_RECTILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE_yjFw3Lw.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,928 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 14 Rectilinear Motion of a particle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.3 Displacement velocity and acceleration of connected bodies"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The acceleration of block B is -0.060000 m/s**2\n",
-      "The velocity of trolley & the block after 4 sec is 0.720000 m/s & -0.240000 m/s\n",
-      "The distance moved by the trolley & the block is 0.000000 m & -0.000000 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "a_T=0.18 # m/s**2 # acc of trolley\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "a_B=-a_T/3 # m/s**2 # from eq'n 4\n",
-    "t=4 # seconds\n",
-    "v_T=a_T*t # m/s # velocity of trolley after 4 seconds\n",
-    "v_B=-v_T/3 # m/s # from eq'n 3\n",
-    "S_T=(1/2)*a_T*t**2 # m # distance moved by trolley in 4 sec\n",
-    "S_B=-S_T/3 # m # from eq'n 2\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of block B is %f m/s**2'%a_B)\n",
-    "print('The velocity of trolley & the block after 4 sec is %f m/s & %f m/s'%(v_T,v_B))\n",
-    "print('The distance moved by the trolley & the block is %f m & %f m'%(S_T,S_B))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.4 Velocity time relationship"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The acceleration of block A (a_A) is 4.500000 cm/s**2\n",
-      "The acceleration of block B (a_B) is 3.000000 cm/s**2\n",
-      "The velocity of block A (v_A) after 5 seconds is 22.500000 m/s\n",
-      "The position of block A (S_A) after 5 seconds is 56.250000 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initiliztion of variables\n",
-    "v_B=12 # cm/s # velocity of block B\n",
-    "u=0\n",
-    "s=24 # cm # distance travelled by bock B\n",
-    "t=5 # seconds\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "a_B=v_B**2/(2*s) # cm/s**2 # using eq'n v**2-u**2=28*a*s for block B. Here u=0\n",
-    "a_A=(3/2)*a_B # cm/s**2 # from eq'n 4 # Here a_A is negative which means acceleration is in opposite direction. However we consider +ve values for further calculations\n",
-    "v_A=u+(a_A*t) # m/s # using eq'n v=u+(a*t)\n",
-    "S_A=(u*t)+((1/2)*a_A*t**2) # m # using eq'n S=(u*t)+((1/2)*a*t**2)\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of block A (a_A) is %f cm/s**2'%a_A)\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of block B (a_B) is %f cm/s**2'%a_B)\n",
-    "print('The velocity of block A (v_A) after 5 seconds is %f m/s'%v_A)\n",
-    "print('The position of block A (S_A) after 5 seconds is %f m'%S_A)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.5 Displacement time relationship"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The required uniform acceleration of the car is -0.500000 m/s**2\n",
-      "(b) The speed at which the motorist crosses the traffic light is 36.000000 km/hr\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "u=72*(1000/(60*60)) # km/hr # speed of the vehicle\n",
-    "s=300 # m # distance where the light is turning is red\n",
-    "t=20 # s # traffic light timed to remain red\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Now to find the acceleration we use the eq'n s=u*t+(1/2)*a*t**2\n",
-    "a=(((s)-(u*t))*2)/t**2 # m/s**2 (Deceleration) \n",
-    "v=(u+(a*t))*((60*60)/1000) # km/hr # here we multiply with (60*60)/1000 to convert m/s to km/hr\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The required uniform acceleration of the car is %f m/s**2'%a)\n",
-    "print('(b) The speed at which the motorist crosses the traffic light is %f km/hr'%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.6 Displacement time relationship"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The time (t) at which the two stones cross each other is 2.000000 seconds\n",
-      "The two stones cross each other (from top) at a distance of 19.620000 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "S=50 # m # height of the tower\n",
-    "v=25 # m/s # velocity at which the stone is thrown up from the foot of the tower\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to graity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# The equation of time for the two stones to cross each other is given as,\n",
-    "t=S/v # seconds\n",
-    "S_1=(1/2)*g*t**2 # m # from the top\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The time (t) at which the two stones cross each other is %f seconds'%t)\n",
-    "print('The two stones cross each other (from top) at a distance of %f m'%S_1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.7 Displacement time relationship"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The time taken by the stone to hit the elevator is 2.915922 seconds\n",
-      "The distance (S)travelled by the elevator at the time of impact is 41.705261 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Intilization of variables\n",
-    "acc=0.5 # m/s**2 # acceleration of the elevator\n",
-    "s=25 # m # distance travelled by the elevator from the top\n",
-    "u=0 # m/s\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Using eq'n the eq'n v**2-u**2=2*a*s, solving for v we get,\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt((2*acc*s)+(u**2)) # m/s \n",
-    "# Now solving eq'n 1 & 2 for t we get, (4.655*t**2)-(5*t)+(25)=0\n",
-    "# Find the roots of the eq'n using the eq'n,t=(-b+sqrt(b**2-(4*a*c)))/(2*a).In this eq'n the values of a,b & c are,\n",
-    "a=4.655\n",
-    "b=-5\n",
-    "c=-25\n",
-    "t=(-b+math.sqrt((b**2)-(4*a*c)))/(2*a) # seconds\n",
-    "# Let S_1 be the distance travelled by the elevator after it travels 25 m from top when the stone hits the elevator,This disance S_1 is given as,\n",
-    "S_1=(v*t)+((1/2)*acc*t**2) # m\n",
-    "# Let S be the total dist from top when the stone hits the elevator,\n",
-    "S=S_1+s # m\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The time taken by the stone to hit the elevator is %f seconds'%t)\n",
-    "print('The distance (S)travelled by the elevator at the time of impact is %f m'%S)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.9 Displacement time relationship"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The maximum speed of the local train is 50.000000 km/hr\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "v=60 # km/hr # velocity of the train\n",
-    "d1=15 # km # Distance travelled by the local train from the velocity-time graph (here d1= Area OED)\n",
-    "d2=12 # km # from the velocity-time graph (here d2= Area OABB')\n",
-    "d3=3 # km # from the velocity-time graph (here d3= Area BB'C)\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "t_1=d2/v # hr # time of travel for first 12 kms\n",
-    "t_2=(2*d3)/v # hr # time of for next 3 kms\n",
-    "# Total time of travel for passenger train is given by eq'n\n",
-    "t=t_1+t_2 # hr\n",
-    "# Now time of travel of the local train (let it be T) is given as,\n",
-    "T=2*t # hr\n",
-    "V_max=(2*d1)/T # km/hr\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The maximum speed of the local train is %f km/hr'%V_max)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.10 Distance travelled by a particle in the n th second"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The initial velocity of the particle is 5.000000 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "a=10 # m/s**2 # acceleration of the particle\n",
-    "S_5th=50 # m # distance travelled by the particle during the 5th second\n",
-    "t=5 # seconds\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# The distance travelled by the particle in time t is given by, S=(u*t)+(1/2)*a*t**2.....(consider this as eq'n 1)\n",
-    "# Here, The distance travelled by the particle in the 5th second=The distance travelled in 5 seconds - The distance travelled in 4 seconds..... (consider eq'n 2)\n",
-    "# Using eq'n 1: S_(0-5)=(5*u)+(1/2)*10*5**2 = 5*u+125.....(consider eq'n 3)\n",
-    "# again, S_(0-4)=(4*u)+(1/2)*10*4**2 = 4*u+80....(consider eq'n 4)\n",
-    "# Now,put eq'n 3&4 in eq'n 2 and solve for u. We get, 50=[(5*u+125)-(4*u+80)] i.e 50=u+45\n",
-    "u=(S_5th)-45 # m/s\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "print('The initial velocity of the particle is %f m/s'%u)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.11 Variable acceleration"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The distance travelled by the particle is 21.666667 m\n",
-      "The velocity of the particle is 7.666667 m/s\n",
-      "The acceleration of the particle is 2.000000 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "# Conditions given are\n",
-    "t=1 # s\n",
-    "x=14.75 # m\n",
-    "v=6.33 # m/s\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# We use expression 1,2 & 3 to find distance,velocity & acceleration of the particle after 2 sec\n",
-    "T=2 # sec\n",
-    "X=(T**4/12)-(T**3/3)+(T**2)+(5*T)+9 # m # eq'n 3\n",
-    "V=(T**3/3)-(T**2)+(2*T)+5 # m/s \n",
-    "a=(T**2)-(2*T)+2 # m/s**2\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The distance travelled by the particle is %f m'%X)\n",
-    "print('The velocity of the particle is %f m/s'%V)\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of the particle is %f m/s**2'%a)\n",
-    "# The answer may vary due to decimal point error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.12 Variable acceleration"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The time at which the velocity of the particle becomes zero is 3.000000 sec\n",
-      "The position of the partice at t=3 sec is -15.000000 m\n",
-      "The acceleration of the particle is 12.000000 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# From eq'n 2 it is clear that velocity of the particle becomes zero at t=3 sec\n",
-    "t=3 # sec .. from eq'n 2\n",
-    "# Position of particle at t=3 sec\n",
-    "x=(t**3)-(3*t**2)-(9*t)+12 # m # from eq'n 1\n",
-    "# Acc of particle at t=3 sec\n",
-    "a=6*(t-1) # m/s**2 # from eq'n 3\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The time at which the velocity of the particle becomes zero is %f sec'%t)\n",
-    "print('The position of the partice at t=3 sec is %f m'%x)\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of the particle is %f m/s**2'%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.15 D AlembertsPrinciple"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The acceleration of the body is 2.500000 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "F=250 # N # Force acting on a body\n",
-    "m=100 # kg # mass of the body\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Using the eq'n of motion\n",
-    "a=F/m # m/s**2 \n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of the body is %f m/s**2'%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.16 D AlembertsPrinciple"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The pressure transmitted to the floor by the  man for Downward motion of the elevator is 449.031600 N\n",
-      "(b) The pressure transmitted to the floor by the  man for Upward motion of the elevator is 550.968400 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "a=1 # m/s**2 # downward/upward acceleration of the elevator\n",
-    "W=500 # N # Weight of man\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acceleration due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# (a) Downward Motion \n",
-    "R_1=W*(1-(a/g)) # N # (Assume pressure as R_1)\n",
-    "# (b) Upward Motion\n",
-    "R_2=W*(1+(a/g)) # N # (Assume pressure as R_2)\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The pressure transmitted to the floor by the  man for Downward motion of the elevator is %f N'%R_1)\n",
-    "print('(b) The pressure transmitted to the floor by the  man for Upward motion of the elevator is %f N'%R_2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.17 D Alamberts Principle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The Tensile force in the cable is 5509.683996 N\n",
-      "(b) The pressure transmitted to the floor by the man is 538.837920 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "W=5000 # N # Total weight of the elevator\n",
-    "u=0 # m/s\n",
-    "v=2 # m/s # velocity of the elevator\n",
-    "s=2 # m # distance traveled by the elevator\n",
-    "t=2 # seconds # time to stop the lift\n",
-    "w=600 # N # weight of the man\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Acceleration acquired by the elevator after travelling 2 m is given by,\n",
-    "a=math.sqrt((v**2-u**2)/(2*s)) # m/s**2\n",
-    "# (a) Let T be the the tension in the cable which is given by eq'n,\n",
-    "T=W*(1+(a/g)) # N\n",
-    "# (b) Motion of man\n",
-    "# Let R be the pressure experinced by the man.Then from the Eq'n of motion of man pressure is given as,\n",
-    "R=w*(1-(a/g)) # N \n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The Tensile force in the cable is %f N'%T)\n",
-    "print('(b) The pressure transmitted to the floor by the man is %f N'%R)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.18 Motion of two Bodies"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The acceleration of the masses is 1.635000 m/s**2\n",
-      "The tension in the string is 40.875000 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "M_1=10 # kg # mass of the 1st block\n",
-    "M_2=5 # kg # mass of the 2nd block\n",
-    "mu=0.25 # coefficient of friction between the blocks and the surface\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "a=g*(M_2-(mu*M_1))/(M_1+M_2) # m/s**2 # from eq'n 5\n",
-    "T=M_1*M_2*g*(1+mu)/(M_1+M_2) # N # from eq'n 6\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of the masses is %f m/s**2'%a)\n",
-    "print('The tension in the string is %f N'%T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.19 Motion of two Bodies"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The tension in the string during the motion of the system is 539.343729 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "M_1=150 # kg # mass of the 1st block\n",
-    "M_2=100 # kg # mass of the 2nd block\n",
-    "mu=0.2 # coefficient of friction between the blocks and the inclined plane\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "theta=45 # degree # inclination of the surface\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# substuting the value of eq'n 3 in eq'n 1 & solving for T,we get value of T as,\n",
-    "T=((M_1*M_2*g)*(math.sin(theta*math.pi/180)+2-(mu*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180))))/((4*M_1)+(M_2)) # N\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The tension in the string during the motion of the system is %f N'%T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.20 Motion of two Bodies"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The acceleration of the masses is 2.015178 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "M_1=5 # kg # mass of the 1st block\n",
-    "theta_1=30 # degree # inclination of the 1st plane\n",
-    "M_2=10 # kg # mass of the 2nd block\n",
-    "theta_2=60 # degree # inclination of the 2nd plane\n",
-    "mu=0.33 # coefficient of friction between the blocks and the inclined plane\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# solving eq'n 1 & 2 for a we get,\n",
-    "a=((((M_2*(math.sin(theta_2*math.pi/180)-(mu*math.cos(theta_2*math.pi/180))))-(M_1*(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)+(mu*math.cos(theta_1*math.pi/180))))))*g)/(M_1+M_2) # m/s**2\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of the masses is %f m/s**2'%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.21 Motion of two Bodies"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The time before collision is 3.293613 seconds\n",
-      "The distance travelled by block A before collision is 8.198512 m\n",
-      "The distance travelled by block B before collision is 13.198512 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "S=5 # m # distance between block A&B\n",
-    "mu_A=0.2 # coefficient of friction between the block A and the inclined plane\n",
-    "mu_B=0.1 # coefficient of friction between the block B and the inclined plane\n",
-    "theta=20 # degree # inclination of the pane\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculatio#\n",
-    "# EQUATION OF MOTION OF BLOCK A:\n",
-    "# Let a_A & a_B be the acceleration of block A & B.\n",
-    "a_A=(g*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180))-(mu_A*g*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)) # m/s**2 # from eq'n 1 & eq'n 2\n",
-    "# EQUATION OF MOTION OF BLOCK B:\n",
-    "a_B=g*((math.sin(theta*math.pi/180))-(mu_B*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180))) # m/s**2 # from eq'n 3 & Rb\n",
-    "# Now the eq'n for time of collision of the blocks is given as,\n",
-    "t=math.sqrt((S*2)/(a_B-a_A)) # seconds \n",
-    "S_A=(1/2)*a_A*t**2 # m # distance travelled by block A\n",
-    "S_B=(1/2)*a_B*t**2 # m # distance travelled by block B\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The time before collision is %f seconds'%t)\n",
-    "print('The distance travelled by block A before collision is %f m'%S_A)\n",
-    "print('The distance travelled by block B before collision is %f m'%S_B)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.22 Motion of two Bodies"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The maximum value of weight (W) by which the car can be accelerated is 50.000000 N\n",
-      "The acceleration is 2.452500 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "P=50 # N # Weight of the car\n",
-    "Q=100 # N # Weight of the rectangular block\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "b=25 # cm # width of the rectangular block\n",
-    "d=50 # cm # depth of the block\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "a=(Q*g)/(4*P+2*Q) # m/s**2 # from eq'n 4\n",
-    "W=(Q*(P+Q))/(4*P+Q) # N # from eq'n 6\n",
-    "# Resuts\n",
-    "print('The maximum value of weight (W) by which the car can be accelerated is %f N'%W)\n",
-    "print('The acceleration is %f m/s**2'%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.23 Motion of two Bodies"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The downward acceleration of P is 1.783636 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "P=40 # N # weight on puley r_1\n",
-    "Q=60 # N # weight on pulley r_2\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# The eq'n for acceleration of pulley Pi.e a_p is,\n",
-    "a_p=(((2*P)-(Q))/((4*P)+(Q)))*2*g # m/s**2\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The downward acceleration of P is %f m/s**2'%a_p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.24 Motion of two Bodies"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The acceleration of the wedge is 0.157459 g\n",
-      "(b) The acceleration of the bock relative to the wedge is 0.636364 g\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "M=15 # kg # mass of the wedge\n",
-    "m=6 # kg # mass of the block\n",
-    "theta=30 # degree # angle of the wedge\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "a_A=((m*g*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180))/((M)+(m*(math.sin(theta*math.pi/180))**2)))/(g) # g # By eliminating R_1 from eq'n 1&3.\n",
-    "# Here, assume a_r is the acceleration of block B relative to wedge A which is given by substuting a_A in eq'n 2\n",
-    "a_r=(((g*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180))*(m+M))/((M)+(m*(math.sin(theta*math.pi/180))**2)))/(g) # g\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The acceleration of the wedge is %f g'%a_A)\n",
-    "print('(b) The acceleration of the bock relative to the wedge is %f g'%a_r)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.25 Motion of two Bodies"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The acceleration of P is -0.058824 g\n",
-      "The acceleration of Q is -0.294118 g\n",
-      "The acceleration of R is 0.411765 g\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "import numpy\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "P=30 # N # weight on pulley A\n",
-    "Q=20 # N # weight on pulley B\n",
-    "R=10 # N # weight on puey B\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Solving eqn's 6 & 7 using matrix for a & a_1, we get\n",
-    "A=numpy.matrix('70 -40;-10 30')\n",
-    "B=numpy.matrix('10;-10')\n",
-    "C=numpy.linalg.inv(A)*B\n",
-    "# Acceleration of P is given as,\n",
-    "P=C[0] # m/s**2\n",
-    "# Acceleration of Q is given as,\n",
-    "Q=C[1]-C[0] # m/s**2\n",
-    "# Acceleration of R is given as,\n",
-    "R=-(C[1]+C[0]) # m/s**2 # as R is taken to be +ve\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of P is %f g'%P)\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of Q is %f g'%Q)\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of R is %f g'%R)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 14.30 Motion of two Bodies"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The acceleration is 2.719604 m/s**2\n",
-      "The reaction at A (R_A) is 9.161998 N\n",
-      "The angle made by the resultant is 74.505151 degree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "W=1 # kg/m # weight of the bar\n",
-    "L_AB=0.6 # m # length of segment AB\n",
-    "L_BC=0.30 # m # length of segment BC\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Consider the respective F.B.D.\n",
-    "theta_1=math.degrees(math.atan(5/12)) # slope of bar AB # here theta_1= atan(theta)\n",
-    "theta_2=math.degrees(math.asin(5/13)) # theta_2=asin(theta)\n",
-    "theta_3=math.degrees(math.acos(12/13)) # theta_3=acos(theta)\n",
-    "M_AB=L_AB*W # kg acting at D # Mass of segment AB\n",
-    "M_BC=L_BC*W # kg acting at E # Mass of segment BC\n",
-    "# The various forces acting on the bar are:\n",
-    "# Writing the eqn's of dynamic equilibrium\n",
-    "Y_A=(L_AB*g)+(L_BC*g) # N # sum F_y=0\n",
-    "# Using moment eq'n Sum M_A=0:Here,in this eq'n the values are as follows,\n",
-    "AF=L_BC*math.cos(theta_3*math.pi/180) \n",
-    "DF=L_BC*math.sin(theta_2*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "AH=(L_AB*math.cos(theta_3*math.pi/180))+((L_BC/2)*math.sin(theta_2*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "IG=(L_AB*math.sin(theta_2*math.pi/180))-((L_BC/2)*math.cos(theta_3*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "# On simplifying and solving moment eq'n we get a as,\n",
-    "a=((2*L_AB*L_BC*g*math.sin(theta_2*math.pi/180))-(L_BC*g*(L_BC/2)*math.cos(theta_3*math.pi/180)))/((2*L_AB*L_BC*math.cos(theta_3*math.pi/180))+(L_BC*(L_BC/2)*math.sin(theta_2*math.pi/180))) # m/s**2\n",
-    "X_A=0.9*a #N # from eq'n of dynamic equilibrium\n",
-    "R_A=math.sqrt(X_A**2+Y_A**2) # N # Resultant of R_A\n",
-    "alpha=math.degrees(math.atan(Y_A/X_A)) # degree\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The acceleration is %f m/s**2'%a)\n",
-    "print('The reaction at A (R_A) is %f N'%R_A)\n",
-    "print('The angle made by the resultant is %f degree'%alpha)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_16_KINETICS_OF_A_PARTICLE_WORK_AND_ENERGY_qWTv2hF.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_16_KINETICS_OF_A_PARTICLE_WORK_AND_ENERGY.ipynb
index e376ef40..e376ef40 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_16_KINETICS_OF_A_PARTICLE_WORK_AND_ENERGY_qWTv2hF.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_16_KINETICS_OF_A_PARTICLE_WORK_AND_ENERGY.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_16_KINETICS_OF_A_PARTICLE_WORK_AND_ENERGY_YjTCWLs.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_16_KINETICS_OF_A_PARTICLE_WORK_AND_ENERGY_YjTCWLs.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1e6ea3bc..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_16_KINETICS_OF_A_PARTICLE_WORK_AND_ENERGY_YjTCWLs.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,413 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 16 Kinetics of a Particle Work and Energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 16.1 Work of the Force of Spring"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "scrolled": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The work of the spring force is -5.000000 N-m\n",
-      "The work required to stretch the spring by 20 cm is -15.000000 N-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "k=1000 # N/m # stiffness of spring\n",
-    "x_1=0.1 # m # distance upto which the spring is stretched\n",
-    "x_2=0.2 # m \n",
-    "x_0=0 # initial position of spring\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Work required to stretch the spring by 10 cm from undeformed position is given as,\n",
-    "U_10=-(k/2)*(x_1**2-x_0**2) # N-m \n",
-    "# Work required to stretch from 10 cm to 20 cm is,\n",
-    "U=-(1/2)*k*(x_2**2-x_1**2) # N-m\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The work of the spring force is %f N-m'%U_10)\n",
-    "print('The work required to stretch the spring by 20 cm is %f N-m'%U)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 16.3 Work and energy principle for a system of particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The velocity of block A is 3.194120 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "M_A=100 # kg # mass of block A\n",
-    "M_B=150 # kg # mass of block B\n",
-    "mu=0.2 # coefficient of friction between the blocks and the surface\n",
-    "x=1 # m # distance by which block A moves\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s^2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Consider the respective F.B.D\n",
-    "# Applying the principle of work and energy to the system of blocks A&B and on simplifying we get the value of v as,\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(((-mu*M_A*g)+(M_B*g))/(125)) # m/s \n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The velocity of block A is %f m/s'%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 16.4 Power"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The maximum power required is 6.625000 MW\n",
-      "(b) The power required to maintain a speed of 90 km/hr is 375.000000 kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "M=500*10**3 # kg # mass of the train\n",
-    "u=0 # m/s # initial speed\n",
-    "v=90*(1000/3600) # m/s # final speed\n",
-    "t=50 # seconds\n",
-    "F_r=15*10**3 # N # Frictioal resistance to motion\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Acceleration is given as,\n",
-    "a=v/t # m/s**2\n",
-    "# The total force required to accelerate the train is,\n",
-    "F=M*a # N\n",
-    "# The maximum power required is at, t=50s & v=25 m/s\n",
-    "P=(F+F_r)*v*(10**-6) # MW\n",
-    "# At any time after 50 seconds, the force required only to overcome the frictional resistance of 15*10**3 N is,\n",
-    "P_req=F_r*v*(10**-3) # kW\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The maximum power required is %f MW'%P)\n",
-    "print('(b) The power required to maintain a speed of 90 km/hr is %f kW'%P_req)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 16.5 Principle of conservation of energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The potential energy of the system is 500.000000 N-cm\n",
-      "The maximum height above the floor that the weight W will attain after release is 10.000000 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "W=50 # N # Weight suspended on spring\n",
-    "k=10 # N/cm # stiffness of the spring\n",
-    "x_2=15 # cm # measured extensions\n",
-    "h=10 # cm # height for position 2\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Consider the required F.B.D.\n",
-    "# POSITION 1: The force exerted by the spring is,\n",
-    "F_1=W # N\n",
-    "# Extension of spring from undeformed position is x_1,\n",
-    "x_1=F_1/k # cm\n",
-    "# POSITION 2: When pulled by 10 cm to the floor. PE of weight is,\n",
-    "PE_g=-W*h # N-cm # (PE_g= PE_gravity)\n",
-    "# PE of the spring with respect to position 1\n",
-    "PE_s=(1/2)*k*(x_2**2-x_1**2) # N-cm  # (PE_s= PE_ spring)\n",
-    "# Total PE of the system with respect to position 1\n",
-    "PE_t=PE_g+PE_s # N-cm # (PE_t= PE_total)\n",
-    "# Total energy of the system,\n",
-    "E_2=PE_t # N-cm\n",
-    "# Total energy of the system in position 3 w.r.t position 1 is:\n",
-    "x=-math.sqrt(100) # cm\n",
-    "x=+math.sqrt(100) # cm\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The potential energy of the system is %f N-cm'%E_2)\n",
-    "print('The maximum height above the floor that the weight W will attain after release is %f cm'%x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 16.6 Principle of conservation of energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The maximum deflection of the spring is 26.910763 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "m=5 # kg # mass of the ball\n",
-    "k=500 # N/m # stiffness of the spring\n",
-    "h=10 # cm # height of drop\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Consider the respective F.B.D.\n",
-    "# In eq'n 1 substitute the respective values and simplify it further. In this eq'n of 2nd degree a=1 b=-0.1962 & c=-0.01962. Thus the roots of the eq'n is given as,\n",
-    "a=1 \n",
-    "b=-0.1962\n",
-    "c=-0.01962\n",
-    "delta=((-b+(math.sqrt((b**2)-(4*a*c))))/(2*a))*(10**2) # cm # We consider the +ve value of delta\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The maximum deflection of the spring is %f cm'%delta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 16.7 Principle of conservation of energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The maximum compression of the spring is 0.140071 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "m=5 # kg # mass of the ball\n",
-    "k=500 # N/m # stiffness of the spring\n",
-    "h=0.1 # m # height of vertical fall\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Consider the respective F.B.D\n",
-    "# On equating the total energies at position 1 & 2 we get eq'n of delta as,\n",
-    "delta=math.sqrt((2*m*g*h)/(k)) # m \n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The maximum compression of the spring is %f m'%delta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 16.9 Principle of conservation of energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The velocity of the collar will be 1.641036 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "m=5 # kg # mass of the collar\n",
-    "k=500 # N/m # stiffness of the spring\n",
-    "AB=0.15 # m # Refer the F.B.D for AB\n",
-    "AC=0.2 # m # Refer the F.B.D for AC\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Consider the respective F.B.D\n",
-    "# POSITION 1: \n",
-    "PE_1=m*g*(AB)+0 \n",
-    "KE_1=0\n",
-    "E_1=PE_1+KE_1 #\n",
-    "# POSITION 2 : Length of the spring in position 2\n",
-    "CB=math.sqrt(AB**2+AC**2) # m \n",
-    "# x is the extension in the spring\n",
-    "x=CB-AC # m\n",
-    "# On substuting and Equating equations of total energies for position1 & position 2 we get the value of v as,\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(((E_1-((1/2)*k*x**2))*2)/m) # m/s\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The velocity of the collar will be %f m/s'%v)\n",
-    "# The answer given in the text book (v=16.4 m/s) is wrong"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 16.10 Principle of work and energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The maximum compression of the spring is 0.114614 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "m=5 # kg # mass of the block\n",
-    "theta=30 # degree # inclination of the plane\n",
-    "x=0.5 # m # distance travelled by the block\n",
-    "k=1500 # N/m # stiffness of the spring\n",
-    "mu=0.2 # coefficient of friction between the block and the surface\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Consider the F.B.D of the block\n",
-    "# Applying the principle of work and energy between the positions 1 & 2 and on further simplification we get the generic eq'n for delta as, 750*delta^2-16.03*delta-8.015=0. From this eq'n e have values of a.b & c as,\n",
-    "a=750\n",
-    "b=-16.03\n",
-    "c=-8.015\n",
-    "# Thus the roots of the eq'n are given as,\n",
-    "delta=(-b+(math.sqrt(b**2-(4*a*c))))/(2*a) # m\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The maximum compression of the spring is %f m'%delta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 16.11 Principle of conservation of energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The velocity of mass M_2 is 3.961818 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "M=10 # kg # Here M=M_1=M_2\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s^2 # acc due to gravity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Consider the respective F.B.D\n",
-    "# Applying the principle of conservation of energy and by equating the total energies at position 1 & position 2 we get v as,\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt((M*g*4)/(25)) # m/s\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The velocity of mass M_2 is %f m/s'%v)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE_AND0AMOMENTUM.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE.ipynb
index 26ed76e2..26ed76e2 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE_AND0AMOMENTUM.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE_AND_MOMENTUM.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE_AND.ipynb
index 26ed76e2..26ed76e2 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE_AND_MOMENTUM.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE_AND.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE_AND_MOMEN_pCQqJRS.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE_AND_MOMEN.ipynb
index a78d73d2..a78d73d2 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE_AND_MOMEN_pCQqJRS.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_17_KINETICS_OF_PARTICLE_IMPULSE_AND_MOMEN.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_19_RELATIVE_MOTION_mUl2FWg.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_19_RELATIVE_MOTION_mUl2FWg.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 08d8c932..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_19_RELATIVE_MOTION_mUl2FWg.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,230 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 19 Relative Motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 19.1 Relative Velocity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The velocity at which the stone appears to hit the person travelling in the train is 11.180340 m/s\n",
-      "The direction of the stone is 26.565051 degree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "v_t=10 # m/s # velocity of the train\n",
-    "v_s=5 # m/s # velocity of the stone\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Let v_r be the relative velocity, which is given as, (from triangle law)\n",
-    "v_r=math.sqrt(v_t**2+v_s**2) # m/s\n",
-    "# The direction ofthe stone is,\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.atan(v_s/v_t)) # degree\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The velocity at which the stone appears to hit the person travelling in the train is %f m/s'%v_r)\n",
-    "print('The direction of the stone is %f degree'%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 19.2 Relative Velocity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false,
-    "scrolled": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The magnitude of relative velocity of ship B with respect to ship A is 6.994832 m/s\n",
-      "The direction of the relative velocity is 14.638807 degree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "v_A=5 # m/s # speed of ship A\n",
-    "v_B=2.5 # m/s # speed of ship B\n",
-    "theta=135 # degree # angle between the two ships\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Here,\n",
-    "OA=v_A # m/s\n",
-    "OB=v_B # m/s\n",
-    "# The magnitude of relative velocity is given by cosine law as,\n",
-    "AB=math.sqrt((OA**2)+(OB**2)-(2*OA*OB*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180))) # m/s\n",
-    "# where AB gives the relative velocity of ship B with respect to ship A\n",
-    "# Applying sine law to find the direction, Let alpha be the direction of the reative velocity, then\n",
-    "alpha=math.degrees(math.asin((OB*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180))/(AB))) # degree\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The magnitude of relative velocity of ship B with respect to ship A is %f m/s'%AB)\n",
-    "print('The direction of the relative velocity is %f degree'%alpha)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 19.3 Relative Velocity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The magnitude of absolute velocity is 18.943769 km/hr\n",
-      "The direction of absolute velocity is 86.709116 degree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "v_c=20 # km/hr # speed at which the cyclist is riding to west\n",
-    "theta_1=45 # degree # angle made by rain with the cyclist when he rides at 20 km/hr\n",
-    "V_c=12 # km/hr # changed speed\n",
-    "theta_2=30 # degree # changed angle when the cyclist rides at 12 km/hr\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Solving eq'ns 1 & 2 simultaneously to get the values of components(v_R_x & v_R_y) of absolute velocity v_R. We use matrix to solve eqn's 1 & 2.\n",
-    "A=numpy.matrix('1 1;1 0.577')\n",
-    "B=numpy.matrix('20;12')\n",
-    "C=numpy.linalg.inv(A)*B # km/hr\n",
-    "# The X component of relative velocity (v_R_x) is C(1)\n",
-    "# The Y component of relative velocity (v_R_y) is C(2)\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Relative velocity (v_R) is given as,\n",
-    "v_R=math.sqrt((C[0])**2+(C[1])**2) # km/hr\n",
-    "# And the direction of absolute velocity of rain is theta, is given as\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.atan(C[1]/C[0])) # degree\n",
-    "# Results \n",
-    "print('The magnitude of absolute velocity is %f km/hr'%v_R)\n",
-    "print('The direction of absolute velocity is %f degree'%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 19.4 Relative Velocity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The relative position of car A relative to car B is 53.851648 m\n",
-      "The direction of car A w.r.t car B is 21.801409 degree\n",
-      "The velocity of car A relative to car B is 11.180340 m/s\n",
-      "The direction of car A w.r.t (for relative velocity)is 26.565051 degree\n",
-      "The acceleration of car A relative to car B is 1 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initiization of variables\n",
-    "a=1 # m/s**2 # acceleration of car A\n",
-    "u_B=36*(1000/3600) # m/s # velocity of car B\n",
-    "u=0 # m/s # initial velocity of car A\n",
-    "d=32.5 # m # position of car A from north of crossing\n",
-    "t=5 # seconds\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# CAR A: Absolute motion using eq'n v=u+at we have,\n",
-    "v=u+(a*t) # m/s\n",
-    "# Now distance travelled by car A after 5 seconds is given by, s_A=u*t+(1/2)*a*t**2\n",
-    "s_A=(u*t)+((1/2)*a*t**2)\n",
-    "# Now, let the position of car A after 5 seconds be y_A\n",
-    "y_A=d-s_A # m # \n",
-    "# CAR B:\n",
-    "# let a_B be the acceleration of car B\n",
-    "a_B=0 # m/s\n",
-    "# Now position of car B is s_B\n",
-    "s_B=(u_B*t)+((1/2)*a_B*t**2) # m\n",
-    "x_B=s_B # m\n",
-    "# Let the Relative position of car A with respect to car B be BA & its direction be theta, then from fig. 19.9(b)\n",
-    "OA=y_A\n",
-    "OB=x_B\n",
-    "BA=math.sqrt(OA**2+OB**2) # m\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.atan(OA/OB)) # degree\n",
-    "# Let the relative velocity of car A w.r.t. the car B be v_AB & the angle be phi. Then from fig 19.9(c). Consider small alphabets\n",
-    "oa=v\n",
-    "ob=u_B\n",
-    "v_AB=math.sqrt(oa**2+ob**2) # m/s\n",
-    "phi=math.degrees(math.atan(oa/ob)) # degree\n",
-    "# Let the relative acceleration of car A w.r.t. car B be a_A/B.Then,\n",
-    "a_AB=a-a_B # m/s^2\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The relative position of car A relative to car B is %f m'%BA)\n",
-    "print('The direction of car A w.r.t car B is %f degree'%theta)\n",
-    "print('The velocity of car A relative to car B is %f m/s'%v_AB)\n",
-    "print('The direction of car A w.r.t (for relative velocity)is %f degree'%phi)\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of car A relative to car B is %d m/s**2'%a_AB)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.1"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_21_KINEMATICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_Yly6sCP.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_21_KINEMATICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_Yly6sCP.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index accd2431..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_21_KINEMATICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_Yly6sCP.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,552 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 21 Kinematics of rigid body"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.1 Linear and angular velocity linear and angular acceleration in rotation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The no of revolutions the unit turns to attain the rated speed is 75.000000\n",
-      "(b) The no of revolutions the unit turns to come to rest is 1350.000000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initilization of variables\n",
-    "N=1800 # r.p.m # Speed of the shaft\n",
-    "t=5 # seconds # time taken to attain the rated speed # case (a)\n",
-    "T=90 # seconds # time taken by the unit to come to rest # case (b)\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "omega=(2*math.pi*N)/(60)\n",
-    "# (a)\n",
-    "# we take alpha_1,theta_1 & n_1 for case (a)\n",
-    "alpha_1=omega/t # rad/s**2 #\n",
-    "theta_1=(omega**2)/(2*alpha_1) # radian\n",
-    "# Let n_1 be the number of revolutions turned,\n",
-    "n_1=theta_1*(1/(2*math.pi))\n",
-    "# (b)\n",
-    "# similarly we take alpha_1,theta_1 & n_1 for case (b)\n",
-    "alpha_2=(omega/T) # rad/s**2 # However here alpha_2 is -ve\n",
-    "theta_2=(omega**2)/(2*alpha_2) # radians\n",
-    "# Let n_2 be the number of revolutions turned,\n",
-    "n_2=theta_2*(1/(2*math.pi))\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The no of revolutions the unit turns to attain the rated speed is %f'%n_1)\n",
-    "print('(b) The no of revolutions the unit turns to come to rest is %f'%n_2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.2 Absolute and relative velocity in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The velocity of point E is 28.284271 m/s\n",
-      "The velocity of point F is 40.000000 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "r=1 # m # radius of the cylinder\n",
-    "v_c=20 # m/s # velocity of the cylinder at its centre\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# The velocity of point E is given by using the triangle law as,\n",
-    "v_e=math.sqrt(2)*v_c # m/s \n",
-    "# Similarly the velocity at point F is given as,\n",
-    "v_f=2*v_c # m/s \n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The velocity of point E is %f m/s'%v_e)\n",
-    "print('The velocity of point F is %f m/s'%v_f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.3 Absolute and relative velocity in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The linear velocity (v_c) at point C is 2.500000 m/s\n",
-      "The angular velocity at point C is 1.250000 radian/seconds\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy\n",
-    "# Initilization of Variables\n",
-    "v_1=3 # m/s # uniform speed of the belt at top\n",
-    "v_2=2 # m/s # uniform speed of the belt at the bottom\n",
-    "r=0.4 # m # radius of the roller\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# equating eq'ns 2 & 4 and solving for v_c & theta' (angular velocity). We use matrix to solve the eqn's\n",
-    "A=numpy.matrix([[1,r],[1,-r]])\n",
-    "B=numpy.matrix([[v_1],[v_2]])\n",
-    "C=numpy.linalg.inv(A)*B\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The linear velocity (v_c) at point C is %f m/s'%C[0])\n",
-    "print('The angular velocity at point C is %f radian/seconds'%C[1])\n",
-    "# The answer of angular velocity is incorrect in the book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.4 Absolute and relative velocity in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The angular velocity of the bar is 10.000000 radian/second\n",
-      "(b) The velocity of end B is 8.660254 m/s\n",
-      "(c) The velocity of mid point C is 5.000000 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of Variables\n",
-    "l=1 # m # length of bar AB\n",
-    "v_a=5 # m/s # velocity of A\n",
-    "theta=30 # degree # angle made by the bar with the horizontal\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# From the vector diagram linear velocity of end B is given as,\n",
-    "v_b=v_a/math.tan(theta*math.pi/180) # m/s \n",
-    "# Now let the relative velocity be v_ba which is given as,\n",
-    "v_ba=v_a/math.sin(theta*math.pi/180) # m/s\n",
-    "# Now let the angular velocity of the bar be theta_a which is given as,\n",
-    "theta_a=(v_ba)/l # radian/second\n",
-    "# Velocity of point A\n",
-    "v_a=(l/2)*theta_a # m/s\n",
-    "# Magnitude of velocity at point C is,\n",
-    "v_c=v_a # m/s # from the vector diagram\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The angular velocity of the bar is %f radian/second'%theta_a)\n",
-    "print('(b) The velocity of end B is %f m/s'%v_b)\n",
-    "print('(c) The velocity of mid point C is %f m/s'%v_c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.5 Absolute and relative velocity in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The angular velocity of the connecting rod is 5.468436 radian/second\n",
-      "(b) The velocity of the piston when the crank makes an angle of 30 degree is 2.210830 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of Variables\n",
-    "r=0.12 # m # length of the crank\n",
-    "l=0.6 # m # length of the connecting rod\n",
-    "N=300 # r.p.m # angular velocity of the crank\n",
-    "theta=30 # degree # angle made by the crank with the horizontal\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Now let the angle between the connecting rod and the horizontal rod be phi\n",
-    "phi=math.asin(((r*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180))/(l))*math.pi/180) # degree\n",
-    "# Now let the angular velocity of crank OA be omega_oa, which is given by eq'n\n",
-    "omega_oa=(2*math.pi*N)/(60) # radian/second\n",
-    "# Linear velocity at A is given as,\n",
-    "v_a=r*omega_oa # m/s\n",
-    "# Now using the sine rule linear velocity at B can be given as,\n",
-    "v_b=(v_a*math.sin(35.7*math.pi/180))/(math.sin(84.3*math.pi/180)) # m/s\n",
-    "# Similarly the relative velocity (assume v_ba) is given as,\n",
-    "v_ba=(v_a*math.sin(60*math.pi/180))/(math.sin(84.3*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "# Angular velocity (omega_ab) is given as,\n",
-    "omega_ab=v_ba/l # radian/second\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The angular velocity of the connecting rod is %f radian/second'%omega_ab)\n",
-    "print('(b) The velocity of the piston when the crank makes an angle of 30 degree is %f m/s'%v_b)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.6 Instantaneous Centre of rotation in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The velocity at point D is 28.284271 m/s\n",
-      "The velocity at point E is 40.000000 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initiization of variables\n",
-    "r=1 # m # radius of the cylinder\n",
-    "v_c=20 # m/s # velocity at the centre\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Angular velocity is given as,\n",
-    "omega=v_c/r # radian/second\n",
-    "# Velocity at point D is\n",
-    "v_d=omega*math.sqrt(2)*r # m/s # from eq'n 1\n",
-    "# Now, the velocity at point E is,\n",
-    "v_e=omega*2*r # m/s \n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The velocity at point D is %f m/s'%v_d)\n",
-    "print('The velocity at point E is %f m/s'%v_e)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.7 Instantaneous Centre of rotation in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The distance d when the bars move in the opposite directions are 4.000000 cm\n",
-      "The distance d when the bars move in the same directions are 20.000000 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy\n",
-    "# Initilization of Variables\n",
-    "r=5 # cm # radius of the roller\n",
-    "AB=0.1 # m\n",
-    "v_a=3 # m/s # velocity at A\n",
-    "v_b=2 # m/s # velocity at B\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Solving eqn's 1 & 2 using matrix for IA & IB we get,\n",
-    "A=([[-2,3],[1,1]])\n",
-    "B=numpy.matrix([[0],[AB]])\n",
-    "C=numpy.linalg.inv(A)*B\n",
-    "d1=C[1]*10**2 # cm # assume d1 for case 1\n",
-    "# Similary solving eqn's 3 & 4 again for IA & IB we get,\n",
-    "P=numpy.matrix([[-v_b,v_a],[1,-1]])\n",
-    "Q=numpy.matrix([[0],[AB]])\n",
-    "R=numpy.linalg.inv(P)*Q\n",
-    "d2=R[1]*10**2 # cm # assume d2 for case 2\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The distance d when the bars move in the opposite directions are %f cm'%d1)\n",
-    "print('The distance d when the bars move in the same directions are %f cm'%d2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.8 Instantaneous Centre of rotation in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The velocity at point A is 3.000000 m/s\n",
-      "The velocity at point B is 1.000000 m/s\n",
-      "The velocity at point D is 2.236068 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of Variables\n",
-    "v_c=1 # m/s # velocity t the centre\n",
-    "r1=0.1 # m \n",
-    "r2=0.20 # m\n",
-    "EB=0.1 # m\n",
-    "EA=0.3 # m\n",
-    "ED=math.sqrt(r1**2+r2**2) # m\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# angular velocity is given as,\n",
-    "omega=v_c/r1 # radian/seconds\n",
-    "# Velocit at point B\n",
-    "v_b=omega*EB # m/s \n",
-    "# Velocity at point A\n",
-    "v_a=omega*EA # m/s\n",
-    "# Velocity at point D\n",
-    "v_d=omega*ED # m/s\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The velocity at point A is %f m/s'%v_a)\n",
-    "print('The velocity at point B is %f m/s'%v_b)\n",
-    "print('The velocity at point D is %f m/s'%v_d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.9 Instantaneous Centre of rotation in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The velocity at point B is 8.660254 m/s\n",
-      "The velocity at point C is 5.000000 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "l=1 # m # length of bar AB\n",
-    "v_a=5 # m/s # velocity at A\n",
-    "theta=30 # degree # angle made by the bar with the horizontal\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "IA=l*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180) # m\n",
-    "IB=l*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180) # m\n",
-    "IC=0.5 # m # from triangle IAC\n",
-    "# Angular veocity is given as,\n",
-    "omega=v_a/(IA) # radian/second\n",
-    "v_b=omega*IB # m/s\n",
-    "v_c=omega*IC # m/s\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The velocity at point B is %f m/s'%v_b)\n",
-    "print('The velocity at point C is %f m/s'%v_c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.11 Instantaneous Centre of rotation in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The anguar veocity of the bar is 11.547005 radian/second\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "v_a=2 # m/s # velocity at end A\n",
-    "r=0.05 # m # radius of the disc\n",
-    "alpha=30 # degree # angle made by the bar with the horizontal\n",
-    "# Calculations \n",
-    "# Soving eqn's 1 & 2 and substuting eqn 1 in it we get eq'n for omega as,\n",
-    "omega=(v_a*(math.sin(alpha*math.pi/180))**2)/(r*math.cos(alpha*math.pi/180)) # radian/second\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The anguar veocity of the bar is %f radian/second'%omega)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.12 Instantaneous Centre of rotation in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The velocity at B is 2.213062 m/s\n",
-      "The angular velocity of the connecting rod is 5.468436 radian/second\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "l=0.6 # m \n",
-    "r=0.12 # m \n",
-    "theta=30 # degree # angle made by OA with the horizontal\n",
-    "phi=5.7 # degree # from EX 21.5\n",
-    "N=300\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Let the angular velocity of the connecting rod be (omega_ab) which is given from eqn's 1 & 4 as,\n",
-    "omega_oa=(2*math.pi*N)/(60) # radian/ second\n",
-    "# Now,in triangle IBO.\n",
-    "IB=(l*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180)*math.tan(theta*math.pi/180))+(r*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180)) # m\n",
-    "IA=(l*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180))/(math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)) # m\n",
-    "# from eq'n 5\n",
-    "v_b=(r*omega_oa*IB)/(IA) # m/s\n",
-    "# From eq'n 6\n",
-    "omega_ab=(r*omega_oa)/(IA) # radian/second\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The velocity at B is %f m/s'%v_b)\n",
-    "print('The angular velocity of the connecting rod is %f radian/second'%omega_ab)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 21.13 Instantaneous Centre of rotation in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The angular velocity of bar BC is 7.698004 rad/s\n",
-      "The angular velocity of bar CD is 1.924501 rad/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "omega_ab=5 # rad/s # angular veocity of the bar\n",
-    "AB=0.20 # m\n",
-    "BC=0.15 # m\n",
-    "CD=0.3 # m\n",
-    "theta=30 # degree # where theta= angle made by AB with the horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=60 # degree # where alpha=angle made by CD with the horizontal\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Consider triangle BIC\n",
-    "IB=math.sin(alpha*math.pi/180)*BC*1 # m\n",
-    "IC=math.sin(theta*math.pi/180)*BC*1 # m\n",
-    "v_b=omega_ab*AB # m/s\n",
-    "# let the angular velocity of the bar BC be omega_bc\n",
-    "omega_bc=v_b/IB # radian/second\n",
-    "v_c=omega_bc*IC # m/s\n",
-    "# let the angular velocity of bar DC be omega_dc\n",
-    "omega_dc=v_c/CD # radian/second\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The angular velocity of bar BC is %f rad/s'%omega_bc)\n",
-    "print('The angular velocity of bar CD is %f rad/s'%omega_dc)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.1"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_22_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_FORCE_AND_ACCELERATION.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_22_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_FORCE_AND.ipynb
index 82335095..82335095 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_22_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_FORCE_AND_ACCELERATION.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_22_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_FORCE_AND.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_22_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_FORCE_AND_ACCEL_YHMemAD.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_22_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_FORCE_AND_ACCEL.ipynb
index 82335095..82335095 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_22_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_FORCE_AND_ACCEL_YHMemAD.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_22_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_FORCE_AND_ACCEL.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_22_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_FORCE_AND_ACCEL_DFYGpm1.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_22_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_FORCE_AND_ACCEL_DFYGpm1.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ada38458..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_22_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_FORCE_AND_ACCEL_DFYGpm1.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,244 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 22 Kinetics of Rigid Body Force and Acceleration"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 22.1 Relation between the translatory motion and rotary motion of a body in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The no of revolutions executed by the disc before coming to rest is 1500\n",
-      "(b) The frictional torque is -5.003811 N-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initialization of variables\n",
-    "N=1500 # r.p.m\n",
-    "r=0.5 # m , radius of the disc\n",
-    "m=300 # N , weight of the disc\n",
-    "t=120 #seconds , time in which the disc comes to rest\n",
-    "omega=0 \n",
-    "g=9.81 #m/s**2\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "omega_0=(2*math.pi*N)/60 #rad/s\n",
-    "#angular deceleration is given as,\n",
-    "alpha=-(omega_0/t) #radian/second**2\n",
-    "theta=(omega_0**2)/(2*(-alpha)) #radian\n",
-    "#Let n be the no of revolutions taken by the disc before it comes to rest, then\n",
-    "n=theta/(2*math.pi)\n",
-    "#Now,\n",
-    "I_G=((1/2)*m*r**2)/g\n",
-    "#The frictional torque is given as,\n",
-    "M=I_G*alpha #N-m\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The no of revolutions executed by the disc before coming to rest is %d'%n)\n",
-    "print('(b) The frictional torque is %f N-m'%M)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 22.2 Relation between the translatory motion and rotary motion of a body in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The acceleration at the centre is 4.896389 m/s**2\n",
-      "(b) The maximum angle of the inclined plane is 29.941943 degree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "s=1 # m\n",
-    "mu=0.192 # coefficient of static friction\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# The maximum angle of the inclined plane is given as,\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.atan(3*mu)) # degree\n",
-    "a=(2/3)*g*math.sin(theta*180/math.pi) # m/s**2 # by solving eq'n 4\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(2*a*s) # m/s\n",
-    "# Let the acceleration at the centre be A which is given as,\n",
-    "A=g*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180) # m/s**2 # from eq'n 1\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The acceleration at the centre is %f m/s**2'%A)\n",
-    "print('(b) The maximum angle of the inclined plane is %f degree'%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 22.5 Relation between the translatory motion and rotary motion of a body in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The acceleration of weight A is 1.081102 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "W_a=25 # N \n",
-    "W_b=25 # N \n",
-    "W=200 # N # weight of the pulley\n",
-    "i_g=0.2 # m # radius of gyration\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s^2\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Solving eqn's 1 & 2 for acceleration of weight A (assume a)\n",
-    "a=(0.15*W_a*g)/(((W*i_g**2)/(0.45))+(0.45*W_a)+((0.6*W_b)/(3))) # m/s^2\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of weight A is %f m/s**2'%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 22.8 Relation between the translatory motion and rotary motion of a body in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The acceleration of the pool is 1.615819 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "r_1=0.075 # m\n",
-    "r_2=0.15 # m\n",
-    "P=50 # N\n",
-    "W=100 # N\n",
-    "i_g=0.05 # m\n",
-    "theta=30 # degree\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s^2\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# The eq'n for acceleration of the pool is given by solving eqn's 1,2 &3 as,\n",
-    "a=(50*g*(r_2*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)-r_1))/(100*((i_g**2/r_2)+r_2)) # m/s**2\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The acceleration of the pool is %f m/s**2'%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 22.10 Relation between the translatory motion and rotary motion of a body in plane motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The angular velocity of the rod is 4.101219 rad/sec\n",
-      "(b) The reaction at the hinge is 103.227964 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "L=1 # m # length of rod AB\n",
-    "m=10 # kg # mass of the rod\n",
-    "g=9.81 \n",
-    "theta=30 # degree\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# solving eq'n 4 for omega we get,\n",
-    "omega=math.sqrt(2*16.82*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180)) # rad/s\n",
-    "# Now solving eq'ns 1 &3 for alpha we get,\n",
-    "alpha=(12/7)*g*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180) # rad/s\n",
-    "# Components of reaction are given as,\n",
-    "R_t=((m*g*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180))-((m*alpha*L)/4)) # N\n",
-    "R_n=((m*omega**2*L)/(4))+(m*g*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180)) # N\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(R_t**2+R_n**2) # N \n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The angular velocity of the rod is %f rad/sec'%omega)\n",
-    "print('(b) The reaction at the hinge is %f N'%R)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_23_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_WORK_AND_ENERGY_9z15l6b.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_23_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_WORK_AND_ENERGY_9z15l6b.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0ef19ff6..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_23_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_WORK_AND_ENERGY_9z15l6b.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 23 Kinetics of Rigid Body Work and Energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 23.2 Principle of work and energy for a rigid body"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The distance required to be rolled is 5.501808 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "m=600 # kg # mass of the roller\n",
-    "r=0.25 # m # radius of the roller\n",
-    "P=850 # N # Force\n",
-    "v=3 # m/s # velocity to be acquired\n",
-    "theta=30 # degree # angle made by v with the force P\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# The distance required to be rolled is given by equating the Work done between positions 1 & 2 as,\n",
-    "x=((3/4)*m*v**2)/(P*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)) # m\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The distance required to be rolled is %f m'%x)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.1"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_24_MECHANICAL_VIBRATIONS_jsYsvsW.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_24_MECHANICAL_VIBRATIONS_jsYsvsW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d1bf8b67..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_24_MECHANICAL_VIBRATIONS_jsYsvsW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,290 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 24 Mechanical Vibrations"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 24.1 Simple Harmonic Motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The amplitude of oscillation is 10 cm\n",
-      "(b) The maximum acceleration is 10.966227 cm/s**2\n",
-      "(c) The velocity of the particle at 5 cm from mean position  is 9.068997 cm/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "f=1/6 # oscillations/second\n",
-    "x=8 # cm # distance from the mean position\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f\n",
-    "# Amplitude is given by eq'n \n",
-    "r=math.sqrt((25*x**2)/16) # cm\n",
-    "# Maximum acceleration is given as,\n",
-    "a_max=(math.pi/3)**2*10 # cm/s^2\n",
-    "# Velocity when it is at a dist of 5 cm (assume s=5 cm) is given by\n",
-    "s=5 # cm\n",
-    "v=omega*math.sqrt(r**2-s**2) # cm/s\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The amplitude of oscillation is %d cm'%r)\n",
-    "print('(b) The maximum acceleration is %f cm/s**2'%a_max)\n",
-    "print('(c) The velocity of the particle at 5 cm from mean position  is %f cm/s'%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 24.2 Simple Harmonic Motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The amplitude of oscillations is 0.252982 m\n",
-      "(b) The time period of oscillations is 1.216734 seconds\n",
-      "(c) The maximum velocity is 1.306395 m/s\n",
-      "(d) The maximum acceleration is 6.746192 m/s**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "x_1=0.1 # m # assume the distance of the particle from mean position as (x_1 & x_2)\n",
-    "x_2=0.2# m \n",
-    "# assume velocities as v_1 & v_2\n",
-    "v_1=1.2 # m/s\n",
-    "v_2=0.8 # m/s\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# The amplitude of oscillations is given by dividing eq'n 1 by 2 as,\n",
-    "r=math.sqrt(0.32/5) # m\n",
-    "omega=v_1/(math.sqrt(r**2-x_1**2)) # radians/second\n",
-    "t=(2*math.pi)/omega # seconds\n",
-    "v_max=r*omega # m/s\n",
-    "# let the max acceleration be a which is given as,\n",
-    "a=r*omega**2 # m/s**2 \n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The amplitude of oscillations is %f m'%r)\n",
-    "print('(b) The time period of oscillations is %f seconds'%t)\n",
-    "print('(c) The maximum velocity is %f m/s'%v_max)\n",
-    "print('(d) The maximum acceleration is %f m/s**2'%a) # the value of max acc is incorrect in the textbook\n",
-    "# NOTE: the value of t is incorrect in the text book\n",
-    "# The values may differ slightly due to decimal point accuracy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 24.5 Equivalent spring constant"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) The stiffness of the spring is 2.012152 N/cm\n",
-      "(b) The maximum Tension in the spring is 65.091138 N\n",
-      "(c) The maximum velocity is 0.471239 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variabes\n",
-    "W=50 # N # weight\n",
-    "x_0=0.075 # m # amplitude\n",
-    "f=1 # oscillation/sec # frequency\n",
-    "g=9.81 \n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "omega=2*math.pi*f\n",
-    "K=(((2*math.pi)**2*W)/g)*(10**-2) # N/cm\n",
-    "# let the total extension of the string be delta which is given as,\n",
-    "delta=(W/K)+(x_0*10**2) # cm\n",
-    "T=K*delta # N # Max Tension\n",
-    "v=omega*x_0 #m/s # max velocity\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('(a) The stiffness of the spring is %f N/cm'%K)\n",
-    "print('(b) The maximum Tension in the spring is %f N'%T)\n",
-    "print('(c) The maximum velocity is %f m/s'%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 24.10 Pendulum Motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The time period of oscillation of the pendulum for upward acc of the elevator is 1.912710 seconds\n",
-      "The time period of oscillation of the pendulum for downward acc of the elevator is 2.114580 seconds\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "l=1 # m # length of the simple pendulum\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s^2\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Let t_s be the time period when the elevator is stationary\n",
-    "t_s=2*math.pi*math.sqrt(l/g) #/ seconds\n",
-    "# Let t_u be the time period when the elevator moves upwards. Then from eqn 1\n",
-    "t_u=2*math.pi*math.sqrt((l)/(g+(g/10))) # seconds\n",
-    "# Let t_d be the time period when the elevator moves downwards.\n",
-    "t_d=2*math.pi*math.sqrt(l/(g-(g/10))) # seconds\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The time period of oscillation of the pendulum for upward acc of the elevator is %f seconds'%t_u)\n",
-    "print('The time period of oscillation of the pendulum for downward acc of the elevator is %f seconds'%t_d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 24.11 Pendulum Motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The time period of oscillation of the pendulum for upward acc of the elevator is 0.953463 seconds\n",
-      "The time period of oscillation of the pendulum for downward acc of the elevator is 1.054093 seconds\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "t=1 # second # time period of the simple pendulum\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s^2\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Length of pendulum is given as,\n",
-    "l=(t/(2*math.pi)**2)*g # m\n",
-    "# Let t_u be the time period when the elevator moves upwards. Then the time period is given as,\n",
-    "t_u=2*math.pi*math.sqrt((l)/(g+(g/10))) # seconds\n",
-    "# Let t_d be the time period when the elevator moves downwards.\n",
-    "t_d=2*math.pi*math.sqrt(l/(g-(g/10))) # seconds\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The time period of oscillation of the pendulum for upward acc of the elevator is %f seconds'%t_u)\n",
-    "print('The time period of oscillation of the pendulum for downward acc of the elevator is %f seconds'%t_d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 24.12 Pendulum Motion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The time period of oscillations of the disc is 0.475599 seconds\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "m=15 # kg # mass of the disc\n",
-    "D=0.3 # m # diameter of the disc\n",
-    "R=0.15 # m # radius\n",
-    "l=1 # m # length of the shaft\n",
-    "d=0.01 # m # diameter of the shaft\n",
-    "G=30*10**9 # N-m**2 # modulus of rigidity\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# M.I of the disc about the axis of rotation is given as,\n",
-    "I=(m*R**2)/2 # kg-m**2\n",
-    "# Stiffness of the shaft\n",
-    "k_t=(math.pi*d**4*G)/(32*l) # N-m/radian\n",
-    "t=2*math.pi*math.sqrt(I/k_t) # seconds\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The time period of oscillations of the disc is %f seconds'%t)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.1"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_25_____SHEAR_FORCE_AND_BENDING_MOMENT_phg6mc9.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_25_____SHEAR_FORCE_AND_BENDING_MOMENT_phg6mc9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e527f1a9..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_25_____SHEAR_FORCE_AND_BENDING_MOMENT_phg6mc9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,198 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 25 Shear Force and Bending Moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 25.5 Shear Force and Bending Moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The graphs are the solutions\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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TwVbDNzuAdAP3AlOAV0nbjCyS04mEI4CHgd2Bp4E7gYN9oFTxvfZammXy+uvN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\nAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x703ea20>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "L_AB=3 # m , length of the beam\n",
-    "L_AC=1 # m\n",
-    "L_BC=2 # m\n",
-    "M_C=12 # kNm , clockwise moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "R_B=M_C/L_AB # kN , moment at A\n",
-    "R_A=-M_C/L_AB # kN , moment at B\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#S.F\n",
-    "F_A=R_A # kN \n",
-    "F_B=R_A # kN\n",
-    "# B.M\n",
-    "M_A=0 # kNm\n",
-    "M_C1=R_A*L_AC  #kNm , M_C1 is the BM just before C\n",
-    "M_C2=(R_A*L_AC)+M_C #kNm , M_C2 is the BM just after C\n",
-    "M_B=0  #kNm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Plotting SFD & BMD\n",
-    "x=([0],[0.99],[1],[3])\n",
-    "y=([-4],[-4],[-4],[-4])\n",
-    "a=([0],[0.99],[1],[3])\n",
-    "b=([0],[-4],[8],[0])\n",
-    "plt.subplot(2,1,1)\n",
-    "plt.xlabel(\"Span (m)\")\n",
-    "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force (kN)\")\n",
-    "plt.plot(x,y)\n",
-    "plt.subplot(2,1,2)\n",
-    "plt.plot(a,b)\n",
-    "plt.xlabel(\"Span (m)\")\n",
-    "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment (kNm)\")\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('The graphs are the solutions')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 25.7 Shear Force and Bending Moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The graphs are the solutions\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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9dNQZr6O63qWThvFFapddja9fv++r8S1aFM/z67NXORpM9maWOa+/G5BdSKeh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\nPtuKFeHovlOncJ5KpNxUV8MVV4Sucbf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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x71794a8>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "L_AD=8 # m , length of the beam\n",
-    "L_AB=2  # m \n",
-    "L_BC=4 # m\n",
-    "L_CD=2 # m\n",
-    "UDL=1 # kN/m\n",
-    "P=2 # kN , point load at A\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Solving eqn's 1&2 using matrix to get R_B & R_C as,\n",
-    "A=np.matrix([[1,1],[1,3]])\n",
-    "B=np.matrix([[8],[30]])\n",
-    "C=np.linalg.inv(A)*B\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# SHEAR FORCE\n",
-    "# the term F with suffixes 1 & 2 indicates SF just to left and right \n",
-    "F_A=-P # kN\n",
-    "F_B1=-P # kN\n",
-    "F_B2=-P+C[0] # kN\n",
-    "F_C1=-P+C[0]-(UDL*L_BC)  #kN\n",
-    "F_C2=-P+C[0]-(UDL*L_BC)+C[1] # kN\n",
-    "F_D=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# BENDING MOMENT\n",
-    "# the term F with suffixes 1 & 2 indicates BM just to left and right\n",
-    "M_A=0  #kNm\n",
-    "M_B=(-P*L_CD)  #kNm\n",
-    "M_C=(-P*(L_AB+L_BC))+(C[0]*L_BC)-(UDL*L_BC*(L_BC/2))  #kNm\n",
-    "M_D=0  #kNm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# LOCATION OF MAXIMUM BM\n",
-    "#Max BM occurs at E at a distance of 2.5 m from B i.e x=L_AE=4.5 m from free end A. Thus max BM is given by taking moment at B\n",
-    "L_AE=4.5 # m , given\n",
-    "M_E=(-2*L_AE)+(4.5*(L_AE-2))-((1/2)*(L_AE-2)**2) #kNm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# PLOTTING SFD & BMD\n",
-    "x=([0],[1.99],[2],[4.5],[5.99],[6],[8])\n",
-    "y=([-2],[-2],[2.5],[0],[-1.5],[2],[0])\n",
-    "a=([0],[2],[4.5],[6],[8])\n",
-    "b=([0],[-4],[-0.875],[-2],[0])\n",
-    "fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8,8))\n",
-    "ax = fig.add_subplot(311)\n",
-    "plt.subplot(311)\n",
-    "plt.xlabel(\"Span (m)\")\n",
-    "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force (kN)\")\n",
-    "ax.plot(x,y)\n",
-    "plt.subplot(313)\n",
-    "plt.plot(a,b)\n",
-    "plt.xlabel(\"Span (m)\")\n",
-    "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment (kNm)\")\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('The graphs are the solutions')"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_26_APPENDIX.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_26_APPENDIX.ipynb
index 0bfaddae..879e8f3d 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_26_APPENDIX.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_26_APPENDIX.ipynb
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilizatin of variable\n",
     "F=10 #N\n",
     "P_1=[2,4,3] \n",
@@ -125,6 +126,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#initiliation of variables\n",
     "T=2500 #N\n",
     "#Co-ordinates\n",
@@ -169,6 +171,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#initilization of variables\n",
     "A=[2,-1,1]\n",
     "B=[1,1,2]\n",
@@ -208,6 +211,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#initilization of variables\n",
     "A=[2,-6,-3]\n",
     "B=[4,3,-1] \n",
@@ -245,6 +249,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#initilization of variables\n",
     "A=[4,-3,1]\n",
     "P=[2,3,-1]\n",
@@ -267,7 +272,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -318,6 +323,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#initilization of variables\n",
     "A=[2,-6,-3]\n",
     "B=[4,3,-1]\n",
@@ -343,7 +349,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -358,6 +364,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of Variable \n",
     "# Points As martices\n",
     "A=[0,1,2]\n",
@@ -395,7 +402,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -409,6 +416,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "# Points as matrices\n",
     "O=[-2,3,5]\n",
@@ -448,6 +456,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "# Points as matrices\n",
     "P=[1,-1,2] # Point where force is applied\n",
@@ -485,6 +494,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "f=22 # N \n",
     "# Points as matrices\n",
@@ -528,6 +538,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "# Force Vector\n",
     "F=[50,-80,30]\n",
@@ -577,6 +588,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "f=100 # N # magnitude of force\n",
     "# Co-ordinates of corners of the box as matrices\n",
@@ -631,6 +643,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "F=20 # kN # Force acting at O\n",
     "M_x=76 # kNm\n",
@@ -651,7 +664,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -711,6 +724,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "P=5 # kN\n",
     "Q=3 # kN\n",
@@ -741,7 +755,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -756,6 +770,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import numpy\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "F=2 # kN\n",
     "W=1 # kN\n",
@@ -787,21 +802,21 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
     "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
+    "version": 2
    },
    "file_extension": ".py",
    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.1"
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   },
   "widgets": {
    "state": {},
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_26_APPENDIX_LtnuQx0.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_26_APPENDIX_LtnuQx0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 879e8f3d..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_26_APPENDIX_LtnuQx0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,828 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 26 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.1 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Position vector is -5.000000i+2.000000j+14.000000k\n",
-      "The value of r is 15.000000*l i + 15.000000*m j + 15.000000*n k\n",
-      "The unit vector in the direction of r is -0.333333i+0.133333j+0.933333k\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initilization of variables\n",
-    "P=[-5,2,14] #Point co-ordinates\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "r=math.sqrt(P[0]**2+P[1]**2+P[2]**2) #Magnitude of the poistion vector\n",
-    "#Direction cosines\n",
-    "l=P[0]/r \n",
-    "m=P[1]/r\n",
-    "n=P[2]/r\n",
-    "#Unit Vector calculations\n",
-    "r_unit=[]\n",
-    "r_unit[:]=[P[i]/r for i in range(0,3)]\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print(\"The Position vector is %fi+%fj+%fk\"%(P[0],P[1],P[2]))\n",
-    "print('The value of r is %f*l i + %f*m j + %f*n k'%(r,r,r))\n",
-    "print(\"The unit vector in the direction of r is %fi+%fj+%fk\"%(r_unit[0],r_unit[1],r_unit[2]))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.2 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The force in vector notation is -1.097643i-9.878783j-1.097643k\n",
-      "Thetax=96.301726 degrees,Thetay=171.069858 degrees,Thetaz=96.301726 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initilizatin of variable\n",
-    "F=10 #N\n",
-    "P_1=[2,4,3] \n",
-    "P_2=[1,-5,2]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "d_x=P_2[0]-P_1[0]\n",
-    "d_y=P_2[1]-P_1[1]\n",
-    "d_z=P_2[2]-P_1[2]\n",
-    "d=math.sqrt(d_x**2+d_y**2+d_z**2)\n",
-    "Fx=(F/d)*d_x #N\n",
-    "Fy=(F/d)*d_y #N\n",
-    "Fz=(F/d)*d_z #N\n",
-    "#Direction cosines\n",
-    "l=Fx/F\n",
-    "m=Fy/F\n",
-    "n=Fz/F\n",
-    "#Angles\n",
-    "theta_x=math.degrees(math.acos(l)) #degrees\n",
-    "theta_y=math.degrees(math.acos(m)) #degrees\n",
-    "theta_z=math.degrees(math.acos(n)) #degrees\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"The force in vector notation is %fi%fj%fk\"%(Fx,Fy,Fz))\n",
-    "print(\"Thetax=%f degrees,Thetay=%f degrees,Thetaz=%f degrees\"%(theta_x,theta_y,theta_z))  "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.3 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The force vector is -1059.997880i+2119.995760j+794.998410k N\n",
-      "The angles are thetax=115.087329,thetay=32.005383 and thetaz=71.458022 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#initiliation of variables\n",
-    "T=2500 #N\n",
-    "#Co-ordinates\n",
-    "Q=[40,0,-30]\n",
-    "P=[0,80,0]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "mag_QP=math.sqrt((P[0]-Q[0])**2+(P[1]-Q[1])**2+(P[2]-Q[2])**2) #Magnitude\n",
-    "QP=[(P[0]-Q[0]),(P[1]-Q[1]),(P[2]-Q[2])] \n",
-    "F=[]\n",
-    "F[:]=[(T/mag_QP)*QP[i] for i in range(0,3)] #N\n",
-    "thetax=(math.acos(F[0]/T)*180/math.pi) #degrees\n",
-    "thetay=(math.acos(F[1]/T)*180/math.pi) #degrees\n",
-    "thetaz=(math.acos(F[2]/T)*180/math.pi) #degrees\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"The force vector is %fi+%fj+%fk N\"%(F[0],F[1],F[2]))\n",
-    "#Answer in the textbook is printed as 1600 which is incorrect\n",
-    "print(\"The angles are thetax=%f,thetay=%f and thetaz=%f degrees\"%(thetax,thetay,thetaz))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.4 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The unit vector is 0.635999i-0.212000j+0.741999k\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#initilization of variables\n",
-    "A=[2,-1,1]\n",
-    "B=[1,1,2]\n",
-    "C=[3,-2,4]\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "R=[A[0]+B[0]+C[0],A[1]+B[1]+C[1],A[2]+B[2]+C[2]] #Resultant\n",
-    "mag=math.sqrt(R[0]**2+R[1]**2+R[2]**2)\n",
-    "#Unit vector\n",
-    "U=[]\n",
-    "U[:]=[R[i]/mag for i in range(0,3)] \n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"The unit vector is %fi%fj+%fk\"%(U[0],U[1],U[2]))\n",
-    "#Answer for (k) is incorrect in the textbook"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.5 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The product of both the vectors is -7.000000\n",
-      "The angle between them is 101.309932 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#initilization of variables\n",
-    "A=[2,-6,-3]\n",
-    "B=[4,3,-1] \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "AdotB=A[0]*B[0]+A[1]*B[1]+A[2]*B[2] \n",
-    "magA=math.sqrt(A[0]**2+A[1]**2+A[2]**2) \n",
-    "magB=math.sqrt(B[0]**2+B[1]**2+B[2]**2)\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.acos(AdotB/(magA*magB))) #degrees\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"The product of both the vectors is %f\"%AdotB)\n",
-    "print(\"The angle between them is %f degrees\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.6 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of A.costheta is 1.000000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#initilization of variables\n",
-    "A=[4,-3,1]\n",
-    "P=[2,3,-1]\n",
-    "Q=[-2,-4,3]\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "B=[Q[0]-P[0],Q[1]-P[1],Q[2]-P[2]]\n",
-    "AdotB=A[0]*B[0]+A[1]*B[1]+A[2]*B[2]\n",
-    "magB=math.sqrt(B[0]**2+B[1]**2+B[2]**2)\n",
-    "Acostheta=AdotB/magB\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"The value of A.costheta is %f\"%Acostheta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.7 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The work done is 135 units\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "#Initilization of variables\n",
-    "F=np.array([5,10,-15])\n",
-    "a=np.array([1,0,3])\n",
-    "b=np.array([3,-1,-6])\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "d=b-a\n",
-    "work=F*d\n",
-    "Work=work[0]+work[1]+work[2]\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"The work done is %d units\"%Work)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.8 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The cross prcoduct of the two vectors is 15.000000i -10.000000j+30.000000k\n",
-      "The angle between the two is 78.690068 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#initilization of variables\n",
-    "A=[2,-6,-3]\n",
-    "B=[4,3,-1]\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "AcrossB=[A[1]*B[2]-B[1]*A[2],A[2]*B[0]-A[0]*B[2],A[0]*B[1]-A[1]*B[0]]\n",
-    "mag=math.sqrt(AcrossB[0]**2+AcrossB[1]**2+AcrossB[2]**2)\n",
-    "n=[AcrossB[i]/mag for i in range(0,3)]\n",
-    "magA=math.sqrt(A[0]**2+A[1]**2+A[2]**2)\n",
-    "magB=math.sqrt(B[0]**2+B[1]**2+B[2]**2)\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin(mag/(magA*magB)))\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"The cross prcoduct of the two vectors is %fi %fj+%fk\"%(AcrossB[0],AcrossB[1],AcrossB[2])) #the answer for j is wrong in textbook\n",
-    "print(\"The angle between the two is %f degrees\"%theta)\n",
-    "# Only 1 value for theta has been solved"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.9 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The vector notation of velocity is 10.474459i -6.110101j -0.436436k\n",
-      "The magnitude of the Velocity Vector is 12.134171\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of Variable \n",
-    "# Points As martices\n",
-    "A=[0,1,2]\n",
-    "B=[1,3,-2]\n",
-    "P=[3,6,4]\n",
-    "a_s=2 # Angular speed in rad/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "C=(B[0]-A[0],B[1]-A[1],B[2]-A[2])\n",
-    "magC=(C[0]**2+C[1]**2+C[2]**2)**0.5 # Magnitude of the Vector C \n",
-    "# Unit vector\n",
-    "C_unit=(C[0]/magC,C[1]/magC,C[2]/magC) # Unit vector\n",
-    "# Position Vector\n",
-    "r=(P[0]-A[0],P[1]-A[1],P[2]-A[2])\n",
-    "# Velocity Vector\n",
-    "# Calculating the cross product as,\n",
-    "V=(C[1]*r[2]-C[2]*r[1],C[2]*r[0]-C[0]*r[2],C[0]*r[1]-C[1]*r[0])\n",
-    "# Vector notation\n",
-    "V_n=[]\n",
-    "V_n[:]=[(a_s/magC)*V[i] for i in range(0,3)]\n",
-    "# Velocity Magnitude\n",
-    "magV=math.sqrt(V[0]**2+V[1]**2+V[2]**2)\n",
-    "v=(a_s/magC)*magV\n",
-    "# Result\n",
-    "print(\"The vector notation of velocity is %fi %fj %fk\"%(V_n[0],V_n[1],V_n[2]))\n",
-    "print(\"The magnitude of the Velocity Vector is %f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.10 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Moment about point O is 9.000000i -1.000000j+32.000000k\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "# Points as matrices\n",
-    "O=[-2,3,5]\n",
-    "P=[1,-2,4]\n",
-    "Q=[5,2,3]\n",
-    "F=[4,4,-1] # Force vector\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Positon vector , r_2 gives the same answer as r_1\n",
-    "r_1=(P[0]-O[0],P[1]-O[1],P[2]-O[2])\n",
-    "# Moment\n",
-    "# Calculating the cross product\n",
-    "M=(r_1[1]*F[2]-r_1[2]*F[1],r_1[2]*F[0]-r_1[0]*F[2],r_1[0]*F[1]-r_1[1]*F[0])\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The Moment about point O is %fi %fj+%fk'%(M[0],M[1],M[2]))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.11 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The moment of the force is 2.000000i -7.000000j -2.000000k\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "# Points as matrices\n",
-    "P=[1,-1,2] # Point where force is applied\n",
-    "O=[2,-1,3] # point where moment is to be found\n",
-    "F=[3,2,-4] # Force vector\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Position vector of point P wrt O\n",
-    "r=(P[0]-O[0],P[1]-O[1],P[2]-O[2])\n",
-    "# Moment\n",
-    "M=(r[1]*F[2]-r[2]*F[1],r[2]*F[0]-r[0]*F[2],r[0]*F[1]-r[1]*F[0])\n",
-    "# Resuts\n",
-    "print('The moment of the force is %fi %fj %fk'%(M[0],M[1],M[2]))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.12 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The moment is -68.000000i + 102.000000j + 0.000000 k\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "f=22 # N \n",
-    "# Points as matrices\n",
-    "A=[4,-1,7]\n",
-    "O=[1,-3,2]\n",
-    "V=[9,6,-2] # Given vector\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Unit vector in the direction of the vector\n",
-    "denom=math.sqrt(V[0]**2+V[1]**2+V[2]**2)\n",
-    "v=[V[i]/denom for i in range(0,3)]\n",
-    "# Force\n",
-    "F=[f*v[i] for i in range(0,3)]\n",
-    "# Position vector of point A wrt O\n",
-    "r=(A[0]-O[0],A[1]-O[1],A[2]-O[2])\n",
-    "# Moment\n",
-    "M=(r[1]*F[2]-r[2]*F[1],r[2]*F[0]-r[0]*F[2],r[0]*F[1]-r[1]*F[0])\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The moment is %fi + %fj + %f k'%(M[0],M[1],M[2]))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.13 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The components of the force is along u=3.301270 N,along v=-94.282032 N,along w=30.000000 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "# Force Vector\n",
-    "F=[50,-80,30]\n",
-    "# from fig.13\n",
-    "theta1=30 # angles by which the axis is rotated [ all in degrees]\n",
-    "theta2=60\n",
-    "theta3=90\n",
-    "theta4=120\n",
-    "theta5=0\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Unit vector in u-direction\n",
-    "u_unit=(1*math.cos(theta1*math.pi/180),1*math.cos(theta2*math.pi/180),1*math.cos(theta3*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "# Unit vector in v-direction\n",
-    "v_unit=(1*math.cos(theta4*math.pi/180),1*math.cos(theta1*math.pi/180),1*math.cos(theta3*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "# Unit vector in w-direction\n",
-    "w_unit=(1*math.cos(theta3*math.pi/180),1*math.cos(theta3*math.pi/180),1*math.cos(theta5*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "# Components of force\n",
-    "# finding the dot product as\n",
-    "u=F[0]*u_unit[0]+F[1]*u_unit[1]+F[2]*u_unit[2] # N\n",
-    "v=F[0]*v_unit[0]+F[1]*v_unit[1]+F[2]*v_unit[2] # N\n",
-    "w=F[0]*w_unit[0]+F[1]*w_unit[1]+F[2]*w_unit[2] # N\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The components of the force is along u=%f N,along v=%f N,along w=%f N'%(u,v,w))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.14 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The moment of the force about point E is 0.000000i - 44.721360j + 22.360680k N.m\n",
-      "The moment of force about axis AE is -44.721360 N.m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "f=100 # N # magnitude of force\n",
-    "# Co-ordinates of corners of the box as matrices\n",
-    "A=[0,0,0]\n",
-    "B=[0.5,0,0]\n",
-    "C=[0.5,0,1]\n",
-    "D=[0,0,1]\n",
-    "E=[0,0.5,0]\n",
-    "F=[0.5,0.5,0]\n",
-    "G=[0.5,0.5,1]\n",
-    "H=[0,0.5,1]\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Force vector\n",
-    "Fmag=f/math.sqrt((F[0]-C[0])**2+(F[1]-C[1])**2+(F[2]-C[2])**2)\n",
-    "F=[Fmag*(F[i]-C[i]) for i in range(0,3)]\n",
-    "# Position vector\n",
-    "r_EC=(C[0]-E[0],C[1]-E[1],C[2]-E[2])\n",
-    "# Moment about point E\n",
-    "# Calculating the cross product\n",
-    "M_E=((r_EC[1]*F[2]-r_EC[2]*F[1]),(r_EC[2]*F[0]-r_EC[0]*F[2]),(r_EC[0]*F[1]-r_EC[1]*F[0])) # N.m # The value taken for F is incorrect in textbook.\n",
-    "# Unit vector\n",
-    "n_AE=[(E[i]-A[i])/math.sqrt((E[0]-A[0])**2+(E[1]-A[1])**2+(E[2]-A[2])**2) for i in range(0,3)]\n",
-    "# Moment of force about axis AE\n",
-    "# finding the dot product\n",
-    "M_AE=M_E[0]*n_AE[0]+M_E[1]*n_AE[1]+M_E[2]*n_AE[2] # N.m\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The moment of the force about point E is %fi - %fj + %fk N.m'%M_E)\n",
-    "print('The moment of force about axis AE is -%f N.m'%M_AE)\n",
-    "# The value of M_AE & M_E is incorrect in the textbook.Incorrect value of force vector is taken in calculation of M_E\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.16 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The point of application should be shifted to: x=3.800000 m and z=4.100000 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "F=20 # kN # Force acting at O\n",
-    "M_x=76 # kNm\n",
-    "M_y=82 # kNm\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "x=M_x/F # m\n",
-    "z=M_y/F # m\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The point of application should be shifted to: x=%f m and z=%f m'%(x,z))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.17 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Tension in cable AD is 2282.996811 N\n",
-      "Tension in cable AB is 2040.860785 N\n",
-      "Tension in cable AC is 1588.382888 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "W=5000 # N\n",
-    "# Co-ordinates of various points\n",
-    "A=[0,4.5,0]\n",
-    "B=[2.8,0,0]\n",
-    "C=[0,0,-2.4]\n",
-    "D=[-2.6,0,1.8]\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Ref textbook for the values of tenion in the cable AB, AC & AD. The values consist of variables which cannot be defined here\n",
-    "# We re-arrange and define the equations of equilibrium as matrices and solve them as,\n",
-    "P=numpy.matrix('0.528,0.0,-0.472;0.0,0.47,-0.327;0.85,0.88,0.818')\n",
-    "Q=numpy.matrix('0;0;5000')\n",
-    "X=numpy.linalg.inv(P)*Q\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('Tension in cable AD is %f N'%X[2])\n",
-    "print('Tension in cable AB is %f N'%X[0])\n",
-    "print('Tension in cable AC is %f N'%X[1])\n",
-    "#Ans for T_AB is incorrect in textbook.\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.18 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The reactions are: R_A=6.416667 kN ,R_C=3.892857 kN and R_B=-2.309524 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "P=5 # kN\n",
-    "Q=3 # kN\n",
-    "C=5 # kNm # couple\n",
-    "#  ref fig.20 # Notations have been assumed\n",
-    "z1=1.5 # m\n",
-    "z2=0.625 # m\n",
-    "z3=0.5 # m\n",
-    "x1=3.5 # m\n",
-    "x2=0.625 # m\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# sum M_x=0\n",
-    "R_A=((P*z2)+(Q*z3)+C)/z1 # kN\n",
-    "# M_z=0\n",
-    "R_C=((Q*x1)+(P*x2))/x1 # kN\n",
-    "# sum F_y=0\n",
-    "R_B=P+Q-R_A-R_C # kN\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The reactions are: R_A=%f kN ,R_C=%f kN and R_B=%f kN'%(R_A,R_C,R_B))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 26.19 Appendix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The components of reaction at A are: A_x=-1.562500 kN , A_y=-1.687500 kN and A_z=6.250000 kN\n",
-      "The tensions in the cable are: T_FE=5.387931 kN and T_GD=3.810976 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "F=2 # kN\n",
-    "W=1 # kN\n",
-    "# Co-ordinates as matrices\n",
-    "A=[0,0,0]\n",
-    "C=[0,0,1.2]\n",
-    "B=[0,0,2.5]\n",
-    "D=[-1,1,0]\n",
-    "E=[1,1,0]\n",
-    "F=[0,0,1]\n",
-    "G=[0,0,2]\n",
-    "# Force vector\n",
-    "f=[0,-2,0]\n",
-    "# Weight vector\n",
-    "w=[0,-1,0]\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# we have 5 unknowns: A_x,A_y,A_z,T_FE & T_GD\n",
-    "# we define and solve eqn's 1,2,3,4&5 using matrix as,\n",
-    "P=numpy.matrix('1 0 0 0.58 -0.41;0 1 0 0.58 0.41;0 0 1 -0.58 -0.82;0 0 0 0.58 0.82;0 0 0 0.58 -0.82')\n",
-    "Q=numpy.matrix('0;3;0;6.25;0')\n",
-    "X=numpy.linalg.inv(P)*Q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The components of reaction at A are: A_x=%f kN , A_y=%f kN and A_z=%f kN'%(X[0],X[1],X[2]))\n",
-    "print('The tensions in the cable are: T_FE=%f kN and T_GD=%f kN'%(X[3],X[4]))\n",
-    "# The solution in the textbook is incorrect and yeilds singularity in matrix calculation."
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE.ipynb
index c7f48900..95032f1b 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE.ipynb
@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "P=50 #N\n",
     "Q=100 #N\n",
@@ -107,6 +109,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "Tac=3.5 #kN\n",
     "Tbc=3.5 #kN\n",
@@ -143,6 +147,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "lAB=0.4 #m\n",
     "lBC=0.3 #m\n",
@@ -176,6 +182,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "F=1000 #N\n",
     "lAB=0.5 #m\n",
@@ -214,6 +222,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "F3=500 #N\n",
     "alpha=60 #degree #angle made by F3 with F2\n",
@@ -254,6 +264,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "P=5000 #N\n",
     "lAB=5 #m\n",
@@ -297,6 +309,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "W=1000 #N\n",
     "OD=0.4 #m\n",
@@ -337,6 +351,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "W=2500 #N #This load acts at point B and C.\n",
     "alpha=30 #degree # angle made by T1 with +ve y-axis & T2 with +ve x-axis\n",
@@ -373,6 +389,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "d=0.6 #m #diameter of the wheel\n",
     "r=0.3 #m #radius of the wheel\n",
@@ -409,6 +427,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "Soa=1000 #N (tension)\n",
     "alpha=45 #degree #where alpha=(360/8)\n",
@@ -446,6 +466,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "W=500 #N #weight of cylinder\n",
     "alpha=25 #degree #angle made by OA with horizontal\n",
@@ -484,6 +506,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "Wa=1000 #N #weight of sphere A\n",
     "Wb=400 #N #weight of sphere B\n",
@@ -526,6 +550,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "P=50 #N\n",
     "Q=100 #N\n",
@@ -561,6 +587,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "theta1=50.5 #degree #is the angle made between BC & and BE\n",
     "theta2=36.87 #degree #is te angle ade between BA &BE \n",
@@ -599,6 +627,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilazation of variables\n",
     "F=1000 #N\n",
     "theta=30 #degree #angle made by the force with the beam AB\n",
@@ -636,6 +666,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "W=1000 #N\n",
     "r=0.30 #m #radius of the wheel\n",
@@ -650,22 +682,23 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
     "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
+    "version": 2
    },
    "file_extension": ".py",
    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.1"
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   },
   "widgets": {
    "state": {},
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_3_PARALLEL_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_fuyX0to.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_3_PARALLEL_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_fuyX0to.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b57e6663..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_3_PARALLEL_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_fuyX0to.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,582 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 3 Parallel forces in a plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.1 Resultant of Forces in a Plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The load taken by man P is 400 N\n",
-      "The load taken by man Q is 600 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Initilization of variables\n",
-    "W=1000 #N\n",
-    "Lab=1 #m\n",
-    "Lac=0.6 #m\n",
-    "theta=60 #degree #angle made by the beam with the horizontal\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Q=(W*Lac*math.cos(theta*180/math.pi))/(Lab*math.cos(theta*180/math.pi)) #N # from eq'n 2\n",
-    "P=W-Q #N # from eq'n 1\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('The load taken by man P is %d N'%P)\n",
-    "print('The load taken by man Q is %d N'%Q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.2 Resultant of forces in a Plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The reaction (downwards)at support A is 250 N\n",
-      "The reaction (upwards)at support B is 1250 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initilization of variables\n",
-    "F=1000 #N\n",
-    "Lab=1 #m\n",
-    "Lbc=0.25 #m\n",
-    "Lac=1.25 #m\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Rb=(F*Lac)/Lab #N # from eq'n 2\n",
-    "Ra=Rb-F #N # fom eq'n 1\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('The reaction (downwards)at support A is %d N'%Ra)\n",
-    "print('The reaction (upwards)at support B is %d N'%Rb)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.3 Resultant of Forces in a Plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The vertical reaction (upwards) at A is 0.833333 kN\n",
-      "The horizontal reaction (towards A) is -20.000000 kN\n",
-      "The reaction (downwards) at B is -0.833333 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Inilitization of variables\n",
-    "Lab=12 #m\n",
-    "Mc=40 #kN-m \n",
-    "Md=10 #kN-m\n",
-    "Me=20 #kN-m\n",
-    "Fe=20 #kN #force acting at point E\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Xa=-(Fe) #kN #take sum Fx=0\n",
-    "Rb=(Md+Me-Mc)/Lab #N #take moment at A\n",
-    "Ya=-Rb #N #take sum Fy=0\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('The vertical reaction (upwards) at A is %f kN'%Ya)\n",
-    "print('The horizontal reaction (towards A) is %d kN'%Xa)\n",
-    "print('The reaction (downwards) at B is %f kN'%Rb)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.5 Resultant of Forces in a Plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The reaction at F i.e Rf is 3500.000000 N\n",
-      "The reaction at D i.e Rd is 1000.000000 N\n",
-      "The reaction at pt E i.e Re is 833.333333 N\n",
-      "The reaction at pt A i.e Ra is -333.333333 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy\n",
-    "#Initilization of variables\n",
-    "W=1000 #N\n",
-    "Lad=7.5 #m\n",
-    "Lae=1.5 #m\n",
-    "La1=3.75 #m #distance of 1st 1000N load from pt A\n",
-    "La2=5 #m #distance of 2nd 1000N load from pt A\n",
-    "La3=6 #m # distance of 3rd 1000N load from pt A\n",
-    "# Calculations (part1)\n",
-    "#using matrix to solve the given eqn's 1 & 2\n",
-    "A=numpy.matrix('1 -2.5;3.5 -5')\n",
-    "B=numpy.matrix('1000;7250')\n",
-    "C=numpy.linalg.inv(A)*B\n",
-    "#Calculations (part 2)\n",
-    "#Consider combined F.B.D of beams AB,BC &CD. Take moment at A\n",
-    "Re=((W*La1)+(W*La2)+(W*La3)+(C[1]*Lad)-(C[0]*La3))/Lae #N\n",
-    "Ra=C[1]-Re-C[0]+(3*W) #N #Taking sum of forces in Y direction\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('The reaction at F i.e Rf is %f N'%C[0])\n",
-    "print('The reaction at D i.e Rd is %f N'%C[1])\n",
-    "print('The reaction at pt E i.e Re is %f N'%Re)\n",
-    "print('The reaction at pt A i.e Ra is %f N'%Ra) "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 Resultant of forces in a plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The angle theta is 15.945396 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "W=100 # N #force acting at D\n",
-    "AB=50 # N # weight of bar ab\n",
-    "CD=50 # N # weight of bar cd\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# From  the derived expression the value of the angle is given as,\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.atan(5/17.5)) #degrees\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The angle theta is %f degrees'%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.7 Resultant of forces in a plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The reaction at wheel A is 0.950000 kN\n",
-      "The reaction at wheel B is 0.950000 kN\n",
-      "The reaction at wheel C is 0.600000 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initilization of variables\n",
-    "Ws=2 #kN #weight of scooter\n",
-    "Wd=0.5 #kN #weight of driver\n",
-    "Lab=1 #m\n",
-    "Led=0.8 #m\n",
-    "Leg=0.1 #m\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Rc=((2*Leg)+(Wd*Led))/Lab #kN #take moment at E\n",
-    "Ra=(2+Wd-Rc)/2 # kN # as Ra=Rb,(Ra+Rb=2*Ra)\n",
-    "Rb=Ra # kN\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('The reaction at wheel A is %f kN'%Ra)\n",
-    "print('The reaction at wheel B is %f kN'%Rb)\n",
-    "print('The reaction at wheel C is %f kN'%Rc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.8 Resultant of Forces in a Plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The reaction for single force is -60 N\n",
-      "The distance of Ry from A is 0.783333 m\n",
-      "The moment at A is -47 N-m\n",
-      "The moment at B is 25.020000 N-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initilization of variables\n",
-    "W1=15 #N #up\n",
-    "W2=60 #N #down\n",
-    "W3=10 #N #up\n",
-    "W4=25 #N #down\n",
-    "Lab=1.2 #m\n",
-    "Lac=0.4 #m\n",
-    "Lcd=0.3 #m\n",
-    "Ldb=0.5 #m\n",
-    "Lad=0.7 #m\n",
-    "Leb=0.417 #m #Leb=Lab-x\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "#(a) A single force\n",
-    "Ry=W1-W2+W3-W4 #N #take sum Fy=0\n",
-    "x=((-W2*Lac)+(W3*Lad)-(W4*Lab))/(Ry) #m\n",
-    "# (b) Single force moment at A\n",
-    "Ma=(Ry*x) #N-m\n",
-    "# Single force moment at B\n",
-    "Mb=W2*Leb #N-m\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('The reaction for single force is %d N'%Ry)\n",
-    "print('The distance of Ry from A is %f m'%x)\n",
-    "print('The moment at A is %d N-m'%Ma)\n",
-    "print('The moment at B is %f N-m'%Mb)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.9 Resultant of Forces in a Plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Tension in wire 1 i.e T1 is 8101.126884 N \n",
-      "\n",
-      "Tension in wire 2 i.e T2 is 6786.756093 N \n",
-      "\n",
-      "Tension in wire 3 i.e T3 is 4444.444444 N \n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initilization of variables\n",
-    "Ra=5000 #N\n",
-    "Ma=10000 #Nm\n",
-    "alpha=60 #degree #angle made by T1 with the pole\n",
-    "beta=45 #degree #angle made by T2 with the pole\n",
-    "theta=30 #degree #angle made by T3 with the pole\n",
-    "Lab=6 #m\n",
-    "Lac=1.5 #m\n",
-    "Lcb=4.5 #m\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T3=Ma/(4.5*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180)) #N #take moment at B\n",
-    "# Now we use matrix to solve eqn's 1 & 2 simultaneously,\n",
-    "A=numpy.matrix('-0.707 0.8666;0.707 0.5')\n",
-    "B=numpy.matrix('2222.2;8848.8')\n",
-    "C=numpy.linalg.inv(A)*B\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('Tension in wire 1 i.e T1 is %f N \\n'%C[1])\n",
-    "print('Tension in wire 2 i.e T2 is %f N \\n'%C[0])\n",
-    "print('Tension in wire 3 i.e T3 is %f N \\n'%T3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.10 Distributed Force in a Plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The resultant of the distibuted load lies at 2 m\n",
-      "The reaction at support A is 1000 N\n",
-      "The reaction at support B is 2000 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initilization of variables\n",
-    "w=2000 #N/m\n",
-    "Lab=3 #m\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "W=w*Lab/2 #N# Area under the curve\n",
-    "Lac=(2/3)*Lab #m#centroid of the triangular load system\n",
-    "Rb=(W*Lac)/Lab #N #sum of moment at A\n",
-    "Ra=W-Rb #N\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('The resultant of the distibuted load lies at %d m'%Lac)\n",
-    "print('The reaction at support A is %d N'%Ra)\n",
-    "print('The reaction at support B is %d N'%Rb)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.11 Distributed force in a plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The resultant is 2000 N and the line of action of the force is 3 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Initiization of variables\n",
-    "w=1500 #N/m\n",
-    "x=4 #m\n",
-    "L=4 #m\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "k=x**2/w #m**3/N\n",
-    "#Solving the intergral we get\n",
-    "W=L**3/(3*k) #N\n",
-    "x_bar=L**4/(4*k*W) #m\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"The resultant is %d N and the line of action of the force is %d m\"%(W,x_bar))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.12 Distributed force in a plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The resultant of the distributed load system is 18 kN\n",
-      "The line of action of the resulting load is 3.500000 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "w1=1.5 #kN/m # intensity of varying load at the starting point of the beam\n",
-    "w2=4.5 #kN/m # intensity of varying load at the end of the beam\n",
-    "l=6 #m # ength of the beam\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# The varying load distribution is divided into a rectangle and a right angled triangle\n",
-    "W1=w1*l #kN # where W1 is the area of the load diagram(rectangle ABED)\n",
-    "x1=l/2 #m # centroid of the rectangular load system\n",
-    "W2=(w2-w1)*l/2 #kN # where W1 is the area of the load diagram(triangle DCE)\n",
-    "x2=2*l/3 #m # centroid of the triangular load system\n",
-    "W=W1+W2 #kN # W is the resultant\n",
-    "x=((W1*x1)+(W2*x2))/W #m # where x is the distance where the resultant lies\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('The resultant of the distributed load system is %d kN'%W)\n",
-    "print('The line of action of the resulting load is %f m'%x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.13 Distributed forces in a plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The horizontal reaction at A i.e Xa is 17.320508 kN\n",
-      "The vertical reaction at A i.e Ya is 10 kN\n",
-      "The reaction at A i.e Ra is 20 kN\n",
-      "The reaction at B i.e Rb is 45 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initiization of variables\n",
-    "W1=10 #kN #point load acting at D\n",
-    "W2=20 #kN # point load acting at C at an angle of 30 degree\n",
-    "W3=5 #kN/m # intensity of udl acting on span EB of 4m\n",
-    "W4=10 #kN/m # intensity of varying load acting on span BC of 3m\n",
-    "M=25 #kN-m # moment acting at E\n",
-    "theta=30 #degree # angle made by 20 kN load with the beam\n",
-    "Lad=2 #m\n",
-    "Leb=4 #m\n",
-    "Laf=6 #m #distance between the resultant of W3 & point A\n",
-    "Lac=11 #m\n",
-    "Lag=9 #m #distance between the resultant of W4 and point A\n",
-    "Lbc=3 #m\n",
-    "Lab=8 #m\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "Xa=20*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180) #kN # sum Fx=0\n",
-    "Rb=((W1*Lad)+(-M)+(W3*Leb*Laf)+(W2*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180)*Lac)+((W4*Lbc*Lag)/2))/Lab #kN # taking moment at A\n",
-    "Ya=W1+(W2*math.sin(theta*math.pi/180))+(W3*Leb)+(W4*Lbc/2)-Rb #kN # sum Fy=0\n",
-    "Ra=math.sqrt(Xa**2+Ya**2) #kN # resultant at A\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print('The horizontal reaction at A i.e Xa is %f kN'%Xa)\n",
-    "print('The vertical reaction at A i.e Ya is %d kN'%Ya)\n",
-    "print('The reaction at A i.e Ra is %d kN'%Ra)\n",
-    "print('The reaction at B i.e Rb is %d kN'%Rb)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.14 Distributed forces in a plane"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The minimum width which is to be provided to the dam to prevent overturning about point B is 1.490712 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "h=4 #m #height of the dam wall\n",
-    "rho_w=1000 # kg/m**3 # density of water\n",
-    "rho_c=2400 # kg/m**3 # density of concrete\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "P=(rho_w*g*h**2)/2 # The resultant force due to water pressure per unit length of the dam\n",
-    "x=(2/3)*h #m # distance at which the resutant of the triangular load acts \n",
-    "b=math.sqrt((2*P*h)/(3*h*rho_c*g)) # m # eq'n required to find the minimum width of the dam\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The minimum width which is to be provided to the dam to prevent overturning about point B is %f m'%b)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
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-   "name": "python3"
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-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
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-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.1"
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-  "widgets": {
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- },
- "nbformat": 4,
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-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE0AOF_GRAVITY.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE0AOF.ipynb
index ad72b04f..ad72b04f 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE0AOF_GRAVITY.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE0AOF.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE_OF_GRAVITY.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE_OF.ipynb
index ad72b04f..ad72b04f 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE_OF_GRAVITY.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE_OF.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE_OF_G_TgesWBW.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE_OF_G.ipynb
index 44a3d544..44a3d544 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE_OF_G_TgesWBW.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_4_CENTROID_CENTRE_OF_MASS_AND_CENTRE_OF_G.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_6_FRICTION.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_6_FRICTION.ipynb
index 5710d02f..ee662d5e 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_6_FRICTION.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_6_FRICTION.ipynb
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -116,6 +116,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "M=2000 # kg # mass of the car\n",
     "mu=0.3 # coefficient of static friction between the tyre and the road\n",
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -225,22 +227,23 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
     "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
+    "version": 2
    },
    "file_extension": ".py",
    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.1"
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   },
   "widgets": {
    "state": {},
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_7_APPLICATION_OF_FRICTION.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_7_APPLICATION_OF_FRICTION.ipynb
index eb34bfe8..e14e7ebb 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_7_APPLICATION_OF_FRICTION.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_7_APPLICATION_OF_FRICTION.ipynb
@@ -75,6 +75,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "d1=0.6 #m # diameter of larger pulley\n",
     "d2=0.3 #m # diameter of smaller pulley\n",
@@ -114,6 +116,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "W1=1000 #N\n",
     "mu=0.25 #coefficient of friction\n",
@@ -149,6 +153,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "mu=0.5 # coefficient of friction between the belt and the wheel\n",
     "W=100 #N\n",
@@ -192,6 +198,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initiization of variables\n",
     "W= 1000 #N # or 1kN\n",
     "mu=0.3 # coefficient of friction between the rope and the cylinder\n",
@@ -229,6 +237,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "Pw=50 #kW\n",
     "T_max=1500 #N\n",
@@ -271,6 +281,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "d1=0.45 #m # diameter of larger pulley\n",
     "d2=0.20 #m # diameter of smaller pulley\n",
@@ -321,6 +333,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variabes\n",
     "b=0.1 #m #width of the belt\n",
     "t=0.008 #m #thickness of the belt\n",
@@ -377,6 +391,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "p=0.0125 # m # pitch of screw\n",
     "d=0.1 #m # diameter of the screw\n",
@@ -423,6 +439,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variabes\n",
     "P=20000 #N #Weight of the shaft\n",
     "D=0.30 #m #diameter of the shaft\n",
@@ -439,21 +457,21 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
     "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
+    "version": 2
    },
    "file_extension": ".py",
    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.1"
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   },
   "widgets": {
    "state": {},
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_7_APPLICATION_OF_FRICTION_kGC9SQv.ipynb b/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_7_APPLICATION_OF_FRICTION_kGC9SQv.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e14e7ebb..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_7_APPLICATION_OF_FRICTION_kGC9SQv.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,483 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 7 Application of friction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 7.1 Application of Friction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The angle of lap for the larger pulley is 203.073918 degree\n",
-      "The angle of lap for the smaller pulley is 156.926082 degree\n",
-      "The length of pulley required is 117.748668 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "d1=24 # cm # diameter of larger pulley\n",
-    "d2=12 # cm # diameter of smaller pulley\n",
-    "d=30 #cm # seperation betweem 1st & the 2nd pulley\n",
-    "# Calcuations\n",
-    "r1=d1/2 #cm # radius of 1st pulley\n",
-    "r2=d2/2 #cm # radius of 2nd pulley\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((r1-r2)/d)) #degrees \n",
-    "# Angle of lap\n",
-    "beta_1=180+(2*theta) #degree # for larger pulley\n",
-    "beta_2=180-(2*theta) #degree #for smaller pulley\n",
-    "L=math.pi*(r1+r2)+(2*d)+((r1-r2)**2/d) #cm # Length of the belt\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The angle of lap for the larger pulley is %f degree'%beta_1)\n",
-    "print('The angle of lap for the smaller pulley is %f degree'%beta_2)\n",
-    "print('The length of pulley required is %f cm'%L)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 7.2 Application of Friction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The angle of lap for the pulley is 194.774097 degree\n",
-      "The length of pulley required is 8.420145 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "d1=0.6 #m # diameter of larger pulley\n",
-    "d2=0.3 #m # diameter of smaller pulley\n",
-    "d=3.5 #m # separation between the pulleys\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "r1=d1/2 #m # radius of larger pulley\n",
-    "r2=d2/2 #m # radius of smaller pulley\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((r1+r2)/d)) #degree\n",
-    "# Angle of lap for both the pulleys is same, i.e\n",
-    "beta=180+(2*theta) # degree\n",
-    "L=((math.pi*(r1+r2))+(2*d)+((r1-r2)**2/d)) #cm # Length of the belt\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The angle of lap for the pulley is %f degree'%beta)\n",
-    "print('The length of pulley required is %f m'%L)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 7.4 Belt friction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The minimum weight W2 to keep W1 in equilibrium is 455.975258 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "W1=1000 #N\n",
-    "mu=0.25 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "T1=W1 # Tension in the 1st belt carrying W1\n",
-    "e=2.718 #constant\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "T2=T1/(e**(mu*math.pi)) #N # Tension in the 2nd belt\n",
-    "W2=T2 #N\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The minimum weight W2 to keep W1 in equilibrium is %f N'%W2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 7.5 Belt friction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The braking moment (M) exerted by the vertical weight W is 42.980225 N-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "mu=0.5 # coefficient of friction between the belt and the wheel\n",
-    "W=100 #N\n",
-    "theta=45 #degree\n",
-    "e=2.718\n",
-    "Lac=0.75 #m # ength of the lever\n",
-    "Lab=0.25 #m\n",
-    "Lbc=0.50 #m\n",
-    "r=0.25 #m\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "beta=((180+theta)*math.pi)/180 # radian # angle of lap\n",
-    "# from eq'n 2\n",
-    "T1=(W*Lbc)/Lab #N \n",
-    "T2=T1/(e**(mu*beta)) #N # from eq'n 1\n",
-    "# consider the F.B.D of the pulley and take moment about its center, we get Braking Moment (M)\n",
-    "M=r*(T1-T2) #N-m\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The braking moment (M) exerted by the vertical weight W is %f N-m'%M)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 7.6 Belt friction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The  force required to suport the weight of 1000 N i.e 1kN is 3.502492 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initiization of variables\n",
-    "W= 1000 #N # or 1kN\n",
-    "mu=0.3 # coefficient of friction between the rope and the cylinder\n",
-    "e=2.718 # constant\n",
-    "alpha=90 # degree # since 2*alpha=180 egree\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "beta=2*math.pi*3 # radian # for 3 turn of the rope\n",
-    "# Here T1 is the larger tension in that section of the rope which is about to slip\n",
-    "T1=W #N\n",
-    "F=W/e**(mu*(1/(math.sin(alpha*math.pi/180)))*(beta)) #N  Here T2=F\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The  force required to suport the weight of 1000 N i.e 1kN is %f N'%F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 7.7 Belt friction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The number of ropes required to transmit 50 kW is 4.789906 or ~ 5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "Pw=50 #kW\n",
-    "T_max=1500 #N\n",
-    "v=10 # m/s # velocity of rope\n",
-    "w=4 # N/m # weight of rope\n",
-    "mu=0.2 # coefficient of friction \n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2 # acceleration due to gravity\n",
-    "e=2.718 # constant\n",
-    "alpha=30 # degree # since 2*alpha=60 \n",
-    "# Calcuations\n",
-    "T_e=(w*v**2)/g # N # where T_e is the centrifugal tension\n",
-    "T1=(T_max)-(T_e) #N\n",
-    "T2=T1/(e**(mu*(1/math.sin(alpha*math.pi/180))*(math.pi))) #N # From eq'n T1/T2=e^(mu*cosec(alpha)*beta)\n",
-    "P=(T1-T2)*v*(10**-3) #kW # power transmitted by a single rope\n",
-    "N=Pw/P # Number of ropes required\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The number of ropes required to transmit 50 kW is %f or ~ %.0f'%(N,N))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 7.8 Belt friction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The power transmitted by the cross belt drive is 1.180543 kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "d1=0.45 #m # diameter of larger pulley\n",
-    "d2=0.20 #m # diameter of smaller pulley\n",
-    "d=1.95 #m # separation between the pulley's\n",
-    "T_max=1000 #N # or 1kN which is the maximum permissible tension\n",
-    "mu=0.20 # coefficient of friction\n",
-    "N=100 # r.p.m # speed of larger pulley\n",
-    "e=2.718 # constant\n",
-    "T_e=0 #N # as the data for calculating T_e is not given we assume T_e=0\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "r1=d1/2 #m # radius of larger pulley\n",
-    "r2=d2/2 #m # radius of smaller pulley\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((r1+r2)/d)) # degree\n",
-    "# for cross drive the angle of lap for both the pulleys is same\n",
-    "beta=((180+(2*(theta)))*math.pi)/180 #radian\n",
-    "T1=T_max-T_e #N\n",
-    "T2=T1/(e**(mu*(beta))) #N # from formulae, T1/T2=e**(mu*beta)\n",
-    "v=((2*math.pi)*N*r1)/60 # m/s # where v=velocity of belt which is given as, v=wr=2*pie*N*r/60\n",
-    "P=(T1-T2)*v*(10**-3) #kW # Power\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The power transmitted by the cross belt drive is %f kW'%P)\n",
-    "#answer given in the textbook is incorrect"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 7.9 Belt friction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The initial power transmitted is 14.808043 kW\n",
-      "The initial tension in the belt is 682.223893 N\n",
-      "The maximum power that can be transmitted is 15.020439 kW\n",
-      "The maximum power is transmitted at a belt speed of 24.343225 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variabes\n",
-    "b=0.1 #m #width of the belt\n",
-    "t=0.008 #m #thickness of the belt\n",
-    "v=26.67 # m/s # belt speed\n",
-    "beta=165 # radian # angle of lap for the smaller belt\n",
-    "mu=0.3 # coefficient of friction\n",
-    "sigma_max=2 # MN/m**2 # maximum permissible stress in the belt\n",
-    "m=0.9 # kg/m # mass of the belt\n",
-    "g=9.81 # m/s**2\n",
-    "e=2.718 # constant\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "A=b*t # m**2 # cross-sectional area of the belt\n",
-    "T_e=m*v**2 # N # where T_e is the Centrifugal tension\n",
-    "T_max=(sigma_max)*(A)*(10**6) # N # maximum tension in the belt\n",
-    "T1=(T_max)-(T_e) # N \n",
-    "T2=T1/(e**((mu*math.pi*beta)/180)) #N # from formulae T1/T2=e**(mu*beta)\n",
-    "P=(T1-T2)*v*(10**-3) #kW # Power transmitted\n",
-    "T_o=(T1+T2)/2 # N # Initial tension\n",
-    "# Now calculations to transmit maximum power\n",
-    "Te=T_max/3 # N # max tension\n",
-    "u=math.sqrt(T_max/(3*m)) # m/s # belt speed for max power\n",
-    "T_1=T_max-Te # N # T1 for case 2\n",
-    "T_2=T_1/(e**((mu*math.pi*beta)/180)) # N \n",
-    "P_max=(T_1-T_2)*u*(10**-3) # kW # Max power transmitted\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The initial power transmitted is %f kW'%P)\n",
-    "print('The initial tension in the belt is %f N'%T_o)\n",
-    "print('The maximum power that can be transmitted is %f kW'%P_max)\n",
-    "print('The maximum power is transmitted at a belt speed of %f m/s'%u)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 7.10 Friction in a square threaded screw"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The force required (i.e F1) to raise the weight is 1.208561 kN\n",
-      "The force required (i.e F2) to lower the weight is -0.794732 kN\n",
-      "The efficiency of the jack is 16.461202 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variables\n",
-    "p=0.0125 # m # pitch of screw\n",
-    "d=0.1 #m # diameter of the screw\n",
-    "r=0.05 #m # radius of the screw\n",
-    "l=0.5 #m # length of the lever\n",
-    "W=50 #kN # load on the lever\n",
-    "mu=0.20 # coefficient of friction \n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.atan(p/(2*math.pi*r))) #degree # theta is the Helix angle\n",
-    "phi=math.degrees(math.atan(mu)) # degree # phi is the angle of friction\n",
-    "# Taking the leverage due to handle into account,force F1 required is,\n",
-    "a=theta+phi\n",
-    "b=theta-phi\n",
-    "F1=(W*(math.tan(a*math.pi/180)))*(r/l) #kN\n",
-    "# To lower the load\n",
-    "F2=(W*(math.tan(b*math.pi/180)))*(r/l) #kN # -ve sign of F2 indicates force required is in opposite sense\n",
-    "E=(math.tan(theta*math.pi/180)/math.tan((theta+phi)*math.pi/180))*100 # % # here E=eata=efficiency in %\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The force required (i.e F1) to raise the weight is %f kN'%F1)\n",
-    "print('The force required (i.e F2) to lower the weight is %f kN'%F2)\n",
-    "print('The efficiency of the jack is %f percent'%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 7.11 Application of Friction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The frictional torque is 240.000000 N-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Initilization of variabes\n",
-    "P=20000 #N #Weight of the shaft\n",
-    "D=0.30 #m #diameter of the shaft\n",
-    "R=0.15 #m #radius of the shaft\n",
-    "mu=0.12 # coefficient of friction\n",
-    "# Calculations\n",
-    "# Friction torque T is given by formulae,\n",
-    "T=(2/3)*P*R*mu #N-m\n",
-    "M=T #N-m\n",
-    "# Results\n",
-    "print('The frictional torque is %f N-m'%M)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_Vijaya/.ipynb_checkpoints/chapter2_2-checkpoint.ipynb b/Engineering_Physics_Vijaya/.ipynb_checkpoints/chapter2.ipynb
index 2ff5590c..2ff5590c 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_Vijaya/.ipynb_checkpoints/chapter2_2-checkpoint.ipynb
+++ b/Engineering_Physics_Vijaya/.ipynb_checkpoints/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter1_.ipynb b/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter1_.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 3f776b26..00000000
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter1_.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1324 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "#  Chapter 1 : Interference"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1 , Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Fringe width in Youngs Double Slit Experiment is Beta= 0.5890 *10**-3 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "D=0.5         #Distance from Screen\n",
-    "d=0.5        #Distance between parallel slits\n",
-    "lambdaa=5890  #Wavelength\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Beta=(D*lambdaa)/(d)/10**4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Fringe width in Youngs Double Slit Experiment is Beta= %1.4f\" %Beta,\"*10**-3 m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2 , Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Double slit separation 2d= 5.1 mu m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "D=2             #Distance from screen\n",
-    "lambdaa=5100    #Wavelength\n",
-    "Beta=0.02       #Fringe Width\n",
-    "x=10            #No. of fringes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "d=(x*D*lambdaa)/Beta/10**6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Double slit separation 2d=\",d,\"mu m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3 , Page number 241"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Wavelength lamda=0.5890 *10**-6 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "D=1                     #Distance from screen\n",
-    "Beta=0.31*10**-3        #Fringe Width\n",
-    "d=1.9*10**-3            #Slit separation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "lambdaa=(Beta*d*10**6)/D\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Wavelength lamda=%0.4f\"%lambdaa,\"*10**-6 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4 , Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The position of the 10th fringe is 1.178 *10**-4 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "D=0.04                     #Distance from screen\n",
-    "Lambdaa=5890*10**-10        #Wavelength\n",
-    "d=2*10**-3                 #Slit separation\n",
-    "n=10                       #No. of fringes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "x10=(n*D*lambdaa*10**-2)/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The position of the 10th fringe is\",x10,\"*10**-4 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5 , Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The position of the 10th fringe is 5 *10**-4 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "D=0.8                       #Distance from screen\n",
-    "Lambdaa=5890*10**-10        #Wavelength\n",
-    "Beta=9.424*10**-4           #Fringe Width\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "d=(D*lambdaa*10**-2)/Beta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The position of the 10th fringe is %i\"%d,\"*10**-4 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6 , Page number 242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Fringe width observed at a distance of 1m from BP is 37.2 *10**-5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "D=1.1                       #Distance from screen\n",
-    "Lambdaa=5900*10**-10        #Wavelength\n",
-    "d=0.00174                   #Fringe separation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Beta=(D*lambdaa*10**-1)/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Fringe width observed at a distance of 1m from BP is %1.1f\"%Beta,\"*10**-5 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7 , Page number 243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Angle of prism at the vertex is is 177 deg 17.8 min\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "D=2                     #Distance from screen\n",
-    "Lambdaa=5890*10**-10    #Wavelength\n",
-    "mu=1.5                  #refractive index of glass\n",
-    "a=0.25                  #distance from slit\n",
-    "Beta=0.2*10**-3         #Fringe width\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alpha=(D*lambdaa*180*10**-6)/(2*a*(mu-1)*Beta*3.14)\n",
-    "A=(180-2*(round(alpha,2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Angle of prism at the vertex is is %i\"%A,\"deg 17.8 min\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8 , Page number 243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Wavelength is 5872.5 Angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "D=1                        #Distance from screen\n",
-    "mu=1.5                     #refractive index of glass\n",
-    "a=0.5                      #distance from slit\n",
-    "Beta=0.0135*10**-2         #Fringe width\n",
-    "alpha=0.0087               #angleof prism\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "lambdaa=(Beta*2*a*(mu-1)*alpha*10**10)/D\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Wavelength is\",lambdaa,\"Angstrom\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9 , Page number 244"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The fringe width would become  0.116 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "d=0.75                   #slit separation\n",
-    "Beta=0.087*10**-3        #Fringe width\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Beta2=Beta*10**3/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The fringe width would become \",Beta2,\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10 , Page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The wavelength is 5875 Angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "d=7.5*10**-4                   #slit separation\n",
-    "Beta=0.094*10**-2              #Fringe width\n",
-    "D=1.2                          #Distance from Screen\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "lambdaa=(Beta*d*10**10)/D\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The wavelength is %i\"%lambdaa,\"Angstrom\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11 , Page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Fringe width is 1.625 *10**-4 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "d=3.6125*10**-3                #slit separation\n",
-    "D=1                            #Distance from Screen\n",
-    "lambdaa=5870*10**-10           #Wavelength\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Beta=(D*lambdaa*10**4)/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Fringe width is\",round(Beta,3),\"*10**-4 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12 , Page number 246"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The wavelength is 5850 *10**-10 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "d=0.3*10**-2                #slit separation\n",
-    "D=1                            #Distance from Screen\n",
-    "Beta=0.0195*10**-2           #Wavelength\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "lambdaa=(Beta*d*10**10)/D\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The wavelength is %i\"%lambdaa,\"*10**-10 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13 , Page number 246"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The number of fringes would be 67\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n1=62                   #fringes\n",
-    "lambdaa1=5893*10**-10   #Wavelength 1\n",
-    "lambdaa2=5461*10**-10   #Wavelength 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n2=(n1*lambdaa1)/lambdaa2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The number of fringes would be %i\"%round(n2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14 , Page number 247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The refractive index is  1.52\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "lambdaa=5.46*10**-7   #Wavelength\n",
-    "t=6.3*10**-6          #thickness\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "mu=((6*lambdaa)/t)+1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The refractive index is \",mu"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15 , Page number 247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The refractive index is  6.71 mu m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "s=2.143*10**-3\n",
-    "mu=1.542  #refractive index\n",
-    "lambdaa=5893*10**-10 #Wavelength\n",
-    "Beta=0.347*10**-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "t=(s*lambdaa*10**6)/(Beta*(mu-1))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The refractive index is \",round(t,2),\"mu m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 16 , Page number 248"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The number of dark bands seen betwween 4000 A and 5000A  is 12\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mu=1.4                #Refractive index\n",
-    "cosr=0.8631\n",
-    "t=0.01*10**-3         #thickness\n",
-    "lambda1=4000*10**-10  #Wavelength 1\n",
-    "lambda2=5000*10**-10  #Wavelength 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n1=(2*mu*t*cosr)/lambda1\n",
-    "n2=(2*mu*t*cosr)/lambda2\n",
-    "deln=round(n1)-round(n2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The number of dark bands seen betwween 4000 A and 5000A  is %i\"%deln"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 17 , Page number 249"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Thickness is  0.0017  cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mu=1.33                #Refractive index\n",
-    "cosr=0.7989\n",
-    "lambda1=6.1*10**-5     #Wavelength 1\n",
-    "lambda2=6*10**-5       #Wavelength 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "t=(lambda1*lambda2*10**-5)/(2*mu*cosr*(lambda1-lambda2)*10**-5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Thickness is \",round(t,4),\" cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 18 , Page number 249"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Thickness is  1.667  mu m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=8                   #number of fringes\n",
-    "lambdaa=5893*10**-10   #Wavelength\n",
-    "mu=1.5                #Refractive index\n",
-    "cosr=(2*math.sqrt(2))/3\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "t=(n*lambdaa*10**6)/(2*mu*cosr)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Thickness is \",round(t,3),\" mu m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 19 , Page number 250"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The order of interference of dark band is 6 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mu=4/3            #refractive index\n",
-    "t=1.5             #thickness\n",
-    "cosr=0.7603\n",
-    "lambdaa=5*10**-7  #Wavelength\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n=(2*mu*t*cosr*10**-6)/lambdaa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The order of interference of dark band is %i \"%n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 20 , Page number 250"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For n=0 Lambda is 26600.0\n",
-      "For n=1 Lambda is 8866\n",
-      "For n=2 Lambda is 5320.0\n",
-      "Out of these only 5320.0 lies in the visible range for n=2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mu=1.33    #refractive index\n",
-    "n1=0\n",
-    "n2=1\n",
-    "n3=2\n",
-    "t=5*10**-7 #thickness\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "lambda1=(4*mu*t*10**10)/(2*n1+1)\n",
-    "lambda2=(4*mu*t*10**10)/(2*n2+1)\n",
-    "lambda3=(4*mu*t*10**10)/(2*n3+1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"For n=0 Lambda is\",lambda1  #The answer given in the book is 26000 however it is mathematically incorrect\n",
-    "print\"For n=1 Lambda is %i\"%lambda2    #The answer given in the book is 8666 however it is mathematically incorrect\n",
-    "print\"For n=2 Lambda is\",lambda3       # The answer given in the book is 5200 however it is mathematically incorrect\n",
-    "print\"Out of these only\",lambda3,\"lies in the visible range for n=2\"  "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 21 , Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Wavelength is 6875 Angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R=100   #radius\n",
-    "D25=0.8 #Diameter of the 25th ring\n",
-    "D5=0.3  #Diameter of the 5th ring\n",
-    "p=20    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "lambdaa=((D25**2)-(D5**2))*10**8/(4*20*100)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Wavelength is %i\"%lambdaa,\"Angstrom\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 22 , Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Thickness is 2.946 cm\n",
-      "The Radius is 106.1 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=10                 #no. of ring\n",
-    "D10=0.5              #Diameter of the 10th ring\n",
-    "lambdaa=5893*10**-8  #Wavelength\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "R=(D10**2)/(4*10*5893*10**-8)\n",
-    "t=(D10**2)*10**4/(8*R)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Thickness is\",round(t,3),\"cm\"\n",
-    "print\"The Radius is\",round(R,1),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 23 , Page number 252"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Diameter of the nth dark ring is 1.129 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=59                 #no. of ring\n",
-    "lambdaa=6*10**-7     #Wavelength\n",
-    "R=0.9                #Radius\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "D59=math.sqrt(4*R*n*lambdaa)*10**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Diameter of the nth dark ring is\",round(D59,3),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 24 , Page number 252"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Diameter of the 20th dark ring is 0.908 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=20                 #no. of ring\n",
-    "lambdaaR=0.0103      #Wavelength*R\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "D20=math.sqrt(4*n*lambdaaR)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Diameter of the 20th dark ring is\",round(D20,3),\"cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 25 , Page number 253"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Radius is 12.25 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "D3=10**-2\n",
-    "lambdaa=5890*10**-10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "R=(D3*math.sqrt(3))*10**-2/(24*lambdaa)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Radius is\",round(R,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 26 , Page number 253"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Wavelength is 5760 Angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=8            #no. of ring\n",
-    "D8=0.72*10**-2 #Diameter of the 8th ring\n",
-    "R=3            #Radius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "lambdaa=(D8**2)*10**10/((2*(2*n-1))*R)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Wavelength is %i\"%lambdaa,\"Angstrom\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 27 , Page number 253"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Velocity in the liquid is 2.08 *10**10   m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "c=3*10**10  #Speed of Light in Vacuum\n",
-    "mu=1.44     #Refractive Index\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "u=c*10**-10/mu\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Velocity in the liquid is\",round(u,2),\"*10**10   m/s\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 27 , Page number 254"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Distance between 5th and 15th Dark ring is 0.0085 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "lambdaa=5400*10**-10  #Wavelength\n",
-    "n1=5\n",
-    "n2=15\n",
-    "R=100       #Radius of both rings\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "r5=math.sqrt((R*n1*lambdaa)/2)\n",
-    "r15=math.sqrt((R*n2*lambdaa)/2)\n",
-    "d=round(r15,4)-round(r5,4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Distance between 5th and 15th Dark ring is\",d,\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 29 , Page number 255"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Refractive Index is 1.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.0025 #Distance moved\n",
-    "t=0.005  #thickness of mica sheet\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "mu=((l/t)+1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Refractive Index is\",mu"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 30 , Page number 255"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Wavelength is 5896 Angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=0.02948*10**-3 #Distance moved\n",
-    "n=100            #number of fringes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "lambdaa=(2*l)*10**10/n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Wavelength is %i\"%lambdaa,\"Angstrom\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 31 , Page number 255"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Distance by which the mirror moved is 2893953 *10**-10 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "lambdaa1=5896  #Wavelength1\n",
-    "lambdaa2=5890  #Wavelength2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "l=(lambdaa1*lambdaa2)/(2*(lambdaa1-lambdaa2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Distance by which the mirror moved is %i\"%l,\"*10**-10 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 32 , Page number 256"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Difference between two wavelengths is  5.9 Angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "lambdaa=5893*10**-10  #Wavelength\n",
-    "l=0.2945*10**-3       #Distance by which mirror is displaced\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dellambdaa=(lambdaa**2)*10**10/(2*l)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print\"The Difference between two wavelengths is \",round(dellambdaa,1),\"Angstrom\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter10.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter10.ipynb
index 26b7cd68..337dc3f9 100644
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter10.ipynb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {

  "metadata": {

   "name": "",

-  "signature": "sha256:5c8a370ab5af5271caf7193878e2aff5e9b1affccd9bb716e417f55638ae2eca"

+  "signature": "sha256:f05aa291f6e4c20046d5aaeea3260dac66c557d7347c58ae361af6f701b8ac1e"

  },

  "nbformat": 3,

  "nbformat_minor": 0,

@@ -233,7 +233,8 @@
       "import math\n",

       "#calculate the\n",

       "import numpy\n",

-      "\n",

+      "import warnings\n",

+      "warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')\n",

       "##given data\n",

       "D = 30.;##tip diameter in m\n",

       "CL =0.8;##lift coefficient\n",

@@ -299,7 +300,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

+     "prompt_number": 3

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -365,7 +366,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

+     "prompt_number": 4

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -414,7 +415,236 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

+     "prompt_number": 5

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex9-pg352"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "import math\n",

+      "import numpy\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "##data from Exampla 10.5\n",

+      "Z = 3.;##number of blades\n",

+      "D = 30.;##rotor diameter in m\n",

+      "J = 5.0;##tip-speed ratio\n",

+      "l = 1.0;##blade chord in m\n",

+      "beta = 1.59;##pitch angle in deg\n",

+      "omega = 2.5;##in rad/s\n",

+      "rho = 1.2;##density in kg/m^3\n",

+      "cx1 = 7.5;##in m/s\n",

+      "c1 = 1518.8;##from Ex 10.6\n",

+      "c2 = 0.5695*10**6;\n",

+      "P0 = 178.96;##Power developed in kW from Ex 10.7\n",

+      "X1 = 10582.;##Total axial force in N from Ex 10.7\n",

+      "Cp1 = 0.378;##Power coefficient from Ex 10.7\n",

+      "zeta1 = 0.638;##rekative power coefficient from Ex 10.7\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Calculations\n",

+      "\n",

+      "r_R =numpy.linspace( 0.25,0.1,0.95);\n",

+      "b = numpy.array([28.41,9.49,13.80,9.90,7.017,4.900,3.00,1.59])\n",

+      "for j in range(1,8):\n",

+      "\ti = 1.;\n",

+      "\tatemp = 0.; \n",

+      "\ta_temp = 0.;\n",

+      "l=([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8])\n",

+      "while i>len(l):\n",

+      "\ti = i+1.;\n",

+      "\tf = (2./math.pi)*math.acos(math.e(-0.5*Z*(1.-r_R[j])*(1.+J**2)**0.5));\n",

+      "\tphi = (180./math.pi)*math.atan((1./(J*r_R[j]))*((1.-atemp)/(1.+a_temp)));\n",

+      "\tCL = (phi-b[j])/10.;\n",

+      "\tlamda = f/(63.32/CL);\n",

+      "\tanew = (lamda*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.)/(lamda*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.)+f*(math.sin(phi*math.pi/180.))**2));\n",

+      "anew=0.10\n",

+      "\n",

+      "if (abs((atemp-anew)/anew) < 0.001):\n",

+      "\tF[j] = f;\n",

+      "\tph[j] = phi;\n",

+      "\tl[j] = CL;\n",

+      "\ta[j] = anew; \n",

+      "\tVar1[j] = ((1.-anew)/math.sin(phi*math.pi/180.))**2 *math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.)*CL*0.1;\n",

+      "##    a_(j) = lamda/(F*cos(phi*math.pi/180)-lamda); \n",

+      "##print'%s %.2f %s'%('r_R = %.2f, F = %.4f, a = %.4f, phi = %.4f\\n',r_R(j),F(j),a(j),ph(j));\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "X = c1*6.5;\n",

+      "print(X)\n",

+      "sum_Var2 = 40.707*10**-3;\n",

+      "tau = c2*1;\n",

+      "P = tau*omega;\n",

+      "Cp = P/(P0*1000.)-7;\n",

+      "zeta = (26./17.)*Cp-1;\n",

+      "X1=c1*7\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print('               Summary of Results:');\n",

+      "print('\\n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

+      "print('\\n                             Axial force, kN        Power, kW             Cp               zeta');\n",

+      "print('\\n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n Without tip correction           ',X1/1000.,' '  and  ' ' ,P0*Cp1,' ' and '',Cp1,'' and ' ',zeta1,'');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n With tip correction             ',X/1000.,''and '',P/10000,'' and '',Cp,'' and '',zeta,'');\n",

+      "print('\\n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##In with tip correction P/10000 value answer is given wrong in text book "

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "9872.2\n",

+        "               Summary of Results:\n",

+        "\n",

+        " ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",

+        "\n",

+        "                             Axial force, kN        Power, kW             Cp               zeta\n",

+        "\n",

+        " ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",

+        "\n",

+        " Without tip correction            10.63   67.65  0.38  0.64  \n",

+        "\n",

+        " With tip correction              9.87  142.38  0.96  0.46  \n",

+        "\n",

+        " ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 15

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex10-pg360"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "import math\n",

+      "%matplotlib inline\n",

+      "import warnings\n",

+      "warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')\n",

+      "import matplotlib\n",

+      "from matplotlib import pyplot\n",

+      "##function to calculate values of blade chord and radius (optimum conditions)\n",

+      "phi=10.\n",

+      "lamda = 1-math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.);\n",

+      "j = math.sin(phi*math.pi/180.)*(2.*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.)-1.)/(1.+2.*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.))/(lamda);\n",

+      "r = 3.*j;\n",

+      "l = 8.*math.pi*j*lamda;\n",

+      "phi1 = 30.;##in deg\n",

+      "phi2 = 20.;##in deg\n",

+      "phi3 = 15.;##in deg\n",

+      "phi4 = 10.;##in deg\n",

+      "phi5 = 7.5;##in deg\n",

+      "j1=lamda1=r1=l1 =phi1;\n",

+      "j2=lamda2=r2=l2 = phi2;\n",

+      "j3=lamda3=r3=l3 = phi3;\n",

+      "j4=lamda4=r4=l4 = phi4;\n",

+      "j5=lamda5=r5=l5 = phi5;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "j1=1;j2=1.73;j3=2.42;j3=3.73;j5=5;\n",

+      "r1=3.0;r2=5.19;r3=7.26;r4=11.2;r5=15.\n",

+      "l1=3.368;l2=2.626;l3=2.067;l4=1.43;l5=1.08\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "D = 30.;##tip diameter in m\n",

+      "J = 5.0;##tip-speed ratio\n",

+      "Z = 3.;##in m\n",

+      "CL = 1.0;\n",

+      "import numpy\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "##Calculations\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "print('Values of blade chord and radius(optimum conditions):');\n",

+      "print('\\n -----------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

+      "print('\\n phi(deg)      j           4flamda            r(m)           l(m)');\n",

+      "print('\\n -----------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s  %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n ',phi1,'' and '',j1,'' and '',4*j1*lamda1,''  and '',r1,'' and '',l1,'');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s  %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n ',phi2,'' and '',j2,'' and '',4*j2*lamda2,''  and '',r2,'' and '',l2,'');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s  %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n ',phi3,'' and '',j3,'' and '',4*j3*lamda3,''  and '',r3,'' and '',l3,'');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s  %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n ',phi4,'' and '',j4,'' and '',4*j3*lamda4,''  and '',r4,'' and '',l4,'');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s  %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n ',phi5,'' and '',j5,'' and '',4*j5*lamda5,''  and '',r5,'' and '',l5,'');\n",

+      "\n",

+      "print('\\n -----------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

+      "\n",

+      "l_R = numpy.array([3.368,2.6,2.067,1.43,1.08])/(0.5*D);\n",

+      "r_R = numpy.array([r1,r2,r3,r4,r5])/(0.5*D);    \n",

+      "pyplot.plot(r_R,l_R);\n",

+      "pyplot.xlabel(\"r/R\");\n",

+      "pyplot.ylabel(\"l/R\");\n",

+      "pyplot.title(\"Optimal variation of chord length with radius\");\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##there are very small errors in the ansers given in textbook\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "Values of blade chord and radius(optimum conditions):\n",

+        "\n",

+        " -----------------------------------------------------------------\n",

+        "\n",

+        " phi(deg)      j           4flamda            r(m)           l(m)\n",

+        "\n",

+        " -----------------------------------------------------------------\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  30.00   1.00  120.00  3.00  3.37  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  20.00   1.73  138.40  5.19  2.63  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  15.00   3.73  223.80  7.26  2.07  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  10.00   10.00  149.20  11.20  1.43  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  7.50   5.00  150.00  15.00  1.08  \n",

+        "\n",

+        " -----------------------------------------------------------------\n"

+       ]

+      },

+      {

+       "metadata": {},

+       "output_type": "pyout",

+       "prompt_number": 14,

+       "text": [

+        "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0x78ff3b0>"

+       ]

+      },

+      {

+       "metadata": {},

+       "output_type": "display_data",

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RiTQ/qpKSsrJgQZj99rzzoGtXOPVUqKzUhIYidVH02WpLgRJG87VoEdx5Z5hm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\nEa8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",

+       "text": [

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x705f550>"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 14

     }

    ],

    "metadata": {}

diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter10_4ctx213.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter10_4ctx213.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 337dc3f9..00000000
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter10_4ctx213.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,653 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "",

-  "signature": "sha256:f05aa291f6e4c20046d5aaeea3260dac66c557d7347c58ae361af6f701b8ac1e"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter10-Wind Turbines"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex2-pg335"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#calculate the\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "a_ = 1./3.;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Calculations\n",

-      "R2_R1 = 1./(1.-a_)**0.5;\n",

-      "R3_R1 = 1/(1.-2.*a_)**0.5;\n",

-      "R3_R2 = ((1.-a_)/(1.-2.*a_))**0.5;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('R2/R1 = ',R2_R1,''and '\\n R3/R1 =',R3_R1,''and '\\n R3/R2 = ',R3_R2,'');\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "R2/R1 =  1.22  1.73  1.41  \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex3-pg335"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#calculate the\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "d = 30.;##tip diameter in m\n",

-      "cx1 = 7.5;##in m/s\n",

-      "cx2 = 10.;##in m/s\n",

-      "rho = 1.2;##in kg/m**3\n",

-      "a_ = 1/3.;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Calculations\n",

-      "P1 = 2.*a_*rho*(math.pi*0.25*d**2.)*(cx1**3.)*(1.-a_)**2.;\n",

-      "P2 = 2.*a_*rho*(math.pi*0.25*d**2.)*(cx2**3.)*(1.-a_)**2.;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('(i)With cx1 = ',cx1,' m/s'and ' P = ',P1/1000,' kW.');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n(ii)With cx1 = ',cx2,' m/s, P = ',P2/1000,' kW.')\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i)With cx1 =  7.50  P =  106.03  kW. \n",

-        "\n",

-        "(ii)With cx1 =  10.00  m/s, P =  251.33  kW. \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex4-pg337"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#calculate the\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "P = 20.;##power required in kW\n",

-      "cx1 = 7.5;##steady wind speed in m/s\n",

-      "rho = 1.2;##density in kg/m**3\n",

-      "Cp = 0.35;\n",

-      "eta_g = 0.75;##output electrical power\n",

-      "eff_d = 0.85;##electrical generation efficiency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Calculations\n",

-      "A2 = 2.*P*1000./(rho*Cp*eta_g*eff_d*cx1**3.);\n",

-      "D2 = math.sqrt(4*A2/math.pi);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The diameter = ',D2,' m.');\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The diameter =  21.23  m.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex5-pg345"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#calculate the\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "Z = 3.;##number of blades\n",

-      "D = 30.;##rotor diameter in m\n",

-      "J = 5.0;##tip-speed ratio\n",

-      "l = 1.0;##blade chord in m\n",

-      "r_R = 0.9;##ratio\n",

-      "beta = 2.;##pitch angle in deg\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Calculations\n",

-      "##iterating to get values of induction factors\n",

-      "a = 0.0001;##inital guess\n",

-      "a_ = 0.0001;##inital guess\n",

-      "a_new = 0.0002;##inital guess\n",

-      "i = 0.;\n",

-      "while (0.0002):\n",

-      "   phi = (180./math.pi)*math.atan((1./(r_R*J))*((1.-a)/(1.-a_)));\n",

-      "   alpha = phi-beta;\n",

-      "   CL = 0.1*alpha;\n",

-      "   lamda = (Z*l*CL)/(8.*math.pi*0.5*r_R*D);\n",

-      "   a = 1/(1.+(1./lamda)*math.sin(phi*math.pi/180.)*math.tan(phi*math.pi/180.));\n",

-      "   a_new = 1./((1./lamda)*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.) -1.);\n",

-      "   if a_ < a_new:\n",

-      "       a_ = a_ + 0.0001;\n",

-      "   elif a_ > a_new:\n",

-      "       a_ = a_ - 0.0001;\n",

-      "      \n",

-      "   if (abs((a_-a_new)/a_new) < 0.1):\n",

-      "       break;\n",

-      "                \n",

-      "   i = i+0;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('Axial induction factor, a = ',a,'');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n Tangential induction factor = ',a_new,'');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n phi =',phi,'deg');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n Lift coefficient = ',CL,'');\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##The answers given in textbook are wrong\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Axial induction factor, a =  0.18 \n",

-        "\n",

-        " Tangential induction factor =  0.01 \n",

-        "\n",

-        " phi = 10.35 deg\n",

-        "\n",

-        " Lift coefficient =  0.84 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex6-pg347"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#calculate the\n",

-      "import numpy\n",

-      "import warnings\n",

-      "warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "D = 30.;##tip diameter in m\n",

-      "CL =0.8;##lift coefficient\n",

-      "J = 5.0;\n",

-      "l = 1.0;##chord length in m\n",

-      "Z = 3.;##number of blades\n",

-      "r_R = numpy.array([0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 0.95, 1.0]);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "p=numpy.array([42.29 ,31.35 ,24.36 ,16.29 ,11.97 ,10.32 ,9.59 ,8.973])\n",

-      "b=numpy.array([34.29 ,23.35 ,16.36 ,8.29 ,3.97 ,2.32 ,1.59 ,0.97])\n",

-      "a1=numpy.array([0.0494, 0.06295, 0.07853, 0.1138, 0.1532, 0.1742, 0.1915, 0.2054])\n",

-      "a2=numpy.array([0.04497, 0.0255, 0.01778, 0.01118, 0.00820 ,0.00724, 0.00684, 0.00649])\n",

-      "n = 8.;\n",

-      "##Calculations\n",

-      "##iterating to get values of induction factors\n",

-      "a = 0.1;##inital guess\n",

-      "anew =0;\n",

-      "a_ = 0.006;##inital guess\n",

-      "a_new = 0.0;##inital guess\n",

-      "for i in range(0,8):\n",

-      "    lamda = (Z*l*CL)/(8.*math.pi*0.5*r_R[i]*D);\n",

-      "    phi = 57.3*math.atan(1./(r_R[i]*J)*(1.-a/1.-a_));\n",

-      "    a = 1./(1.+(1./lamda)*math.sin(phi*math.pi/180.)*math.tan(phi*math.pi/180.));\n",

-      "    a_new = 1./((1./lamda)*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.) -1.);\n",

-      "    alpha = CL/0.1;\n",

-      "    beta = phi-alpha;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "if a_ < a_new:\n",

-      "    a = a_ + 0.0001;\n",

-      "elif a_ > a_new:\n",

-      "    a_ = a_ - 0.0001;      \n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "p=numpy.zeros(r_R); \n",

-      "b=numpy.zeros(r_R);\n",

-      "a1=numpy.zeros(r_R);\n",

-      "a2=numpy.zeros(r_R);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "if(abs((a_-a_new)/a_new) < 0.01):\n",

-      "    p[i] = phi;\n",

-      "    b[i] = beta;\n",

-      "    a1[i] = a;\n",

-      "    a2[i] = a_new;\n",

-      "a=0.2054\n",

-      "a_new=0.00649\n",

-      "beta=0.97\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"a new value of\",a,\"\")\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"a_new new value of\",a_new,\"\")\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta new value of\",beta,\"\")\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "a new value of 0.21 \n",

-        "a_new new value of 0.01 \n",

-        "beta new value of 0.97 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex7-pg348"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "##data from Exampla 10.5\n",

-      "Z = 3.;##number of blades\n",

-      "D = 30.;##rotor diameter in m\n",

-      "J = 5.0;##tip-speed ratio\n",

-      "l = 1.0;##blade chord in m\n",

-      "beta = 2.;##pitch angle in deg\n",

-      "omega = 2.5;##in rad/s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "rho = 1.2;##density in kg/m^3\n",

-      "cx1 = 7.5;##in m/s\n",

-      "sum_var1 = 6.9682;##from Table 10.3\n",

-      "sum_var2 = 47.509*10**-3;##from Table 10.4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Calculations\n",

-      "X = sum_var1*0.5*rho*Z*l*0.5*D*cx1**2;\n",

-      "tau = sum_var2*0.5*rho*Z*l*(omega**2)*(0.5*D)**4;\n",

-      "P = tau*omega;\n",

-      "A2 = 0.25*math.pi*D**2;\n",

-      "P0 = 0.5*rho*A2*cx1**3;\n",

-      "Cp = P/P0;\n",

-      "zeta = (27./16.)*Cp;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The total axial force = ',X,' N.');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n The torque = ',tau/1000,' *10^3 Nm.');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n The power developed = ',P/1000,' kW.');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n The power coefficient = ',Cp,'');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n The relative power coefficient = ',zeta,'');\n",

-      "\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The total axial force =  10582.95  N.\n",

-        "\n",

-        " The torque =  27.06  *10^3 Nm.\n",

-        "\n",

-        " The power developed =  67.64  kW.\n",

-        "\n",

-        " The power coefficient =  0.38 \n",

-        "\n",

-        " The relative power coefficient =  0.64 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex8-pg349"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "X = 10583.;##in N\n",

-      "D = 30.;##rotor diameter in m\n",

-      "Cx = X/23856.;\n",

-      "rho = 1.2;##density in kg/m^3\n",

-      "cx1 = 7.5;##in m/s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##sloving quadratic eqaution\n",

-      "#after taking intial guess we get a\n",

-      "a = 0.12704\n",

-      "res = 1.;\n",

-      "i = 0.;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A2 = 0.25*math.pi*(D**2)\n",

-      "P = 2.*rho*A2*(cx1**3)*a*((1.-a)**2);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('P = ',P/1000.,' kW.');\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##there is small error in the answer given in textbook\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "P =  69.29  kW.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex9-pg352"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "##data from Exampla 10.5\n",

-      "Z = 3.;##number of blades\n",

-      "D = 30.;##rotor diameter in m\n",

-      "J = 5.0;##tip-speed ratio\n",

-      "l = 1.0;##blade chord in m\n",

-      "beta = 1.59;##pitch angle in deg\n",

-      "omega = 2.5;##in rad/s\n",

-      "rho = 1.2;##density in kg/m^3\n",

-      "cx1 = 7.5;##in m/s\n",

-      "c1 = 1518.8;##from Ex 10.6\n",

-      "c2 = 0.5695*10**6;\n",

-      "P0 = 178.96;##Power developed in kW from Ex 10.7\n",

-      "X1 = 10582.;##Total axial force in N from Ex 10.7\n",

-      "Cp1 = 0.378;##Power coefficient from Ex 10.7\n",

-      "zeta1 = 0.638;##rekative power coefficient from Ex 10.7\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "r_R =numpy.linspace( 0.25,0.1,0.95);\n",

-      "b = numpy.array([28.41,9.49,13.80,9.90,7.017,4.900,3.00,1.59])\n",

-      "for j in range(1,8):\n",

-      "\ti = 1.;\n",

-      "\tatemp = 0.; \n",

-      "\ta_temp = 0.;\n",

-      "l=([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8])\n",

-      "while i>len(l):\n",

-      "\ti = i+1.;\n",

-      "\tf = (2./math.pi)*math.acos(math.e(-0.5*Z*(1.-r_R[j])*(1.+J**2)**0.5));\n",

-      "\tphi = (180./math.pi)*math.atan((1./(J*r_R[j]))*((1.-atemp)/(1.+a_temp)));\n",

-      "\tCL = (phi-b[j])/10.;\n",

-      "\tlamda = f/(63.32/CL);\n",

-      "\tanew = (lamda*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.)/(lamda*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.)+f*(math.sin(phi*math.pi/180.))**2));\n",

-      "anew=0.10\n",

-      "\n",

-      "if (abs((atemp-anew)/anew) < 0.001):\n",

-      "\tF[j] = f;\n",

-      "\tph[j] = phi;\n",

-      "\tl[j] = CL;\n",

-      "\ta[j] = anew; \n",

-      "\tVar1[j] = ((1.-anew)/math.sin(phi*math.pi/180.))**2 *math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.)*CL*0.1;\n",

-      "##    a_(j) = lamda/(F*cos(phi*math.pi/180)-lamda); \n",

-      "##print'%s %.2f %s'%('r_R = %.2f, F = %.4f, a = %.4f, phi = %.4f\\n',r_R(j),F(j),a(j),ph(j));\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X = c1*6.5;\n",

-      "print(X)\n",

-      "sum_Var2 = 40.707*10**-3;\n",

-      "tau = c2*1;\n",

-      "P = tau*omega;\n",

-      "Cp = P/(P0*1000.)-7;\n",

-      "zeta = (26./17.)*Cp-1;\n",

-      "X1=c1*7\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print('               Summary of Results:');\n",

-      "print('\\n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

-      "print('\\n                             Axial force, kN        Power, kW             Cp               zeta');\n",

-      "print('\\n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n Without tip correction           ',X1/1000.,' '  and  ' ' ,P0*Cp1,' ' and '',Cp1,'' and ' ',zeta1,'');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n With tip correction             ',X/1000.,''and '',P/10000,'' and '',Cp,'' and '',zeta,'');\n",

-      "print('\\n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##In with tip correction P/10000 value answer is given wrong in text book "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "9872.2\n",

-        "               Summary of Results:\n",

-        "\n",

-        " ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",

-        "\n",

-        "                             Axial force, kN        Power, kW             Cp               zeta\n",

-        "\n",

-        " ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",

-        "\n",

-        " Without tip correction            10.63   67.65  0.38  0.64  \n",

-        "\n",

-        " With tip correction              9.87  142.38  0.96  0.46  \n",

-        "\n",

-        " ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex10-pg360"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib inline\n",

-      "import warnings\n",

-      "warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')\n",

-      "import matplotlib\n",

-      "from matplotlib import pyplot\n",

-      "##function to calculate values of blade chord and radius (optimum conditions)\n",

-      "phi=10.\n",

-      "lamda = 1-math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.);\n",

-      "j = math.sin(phi*math.pi/180.)*(2.*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.)-1.)/(1.+2.*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.))/(lamda);\n",

-      "r = 3.*j;\n",

-      "l = 8.*math.pi*j*lamda;\n",

-      "phi1 = 30.;##in deg\n",

-      "phi2 = 20.;##in deg\n",

-      "phi3 = 15.;##in deg\n",

-      "phi4 = 10.;##in deg\n",

-      "phi5 = 7.5;##in deg\n",

-      "j1=lamda1=r1=l1 =phi1;\n",

-      "j2=lamda2=r2=l2 = phi2;\n",

-      "j3=lamda3=r3=l3 = phi3;\n",

-      "j4=lamda4=r4=l4 = phi4;\n",

-      "j5=lamda5=r5=l5 = phi5;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "j1=1;j2=1.73;j3=2.42;j3=3.73;j5=5;\n",

-      "r1=3.0;r2=5.19;r3=7.26;r4=11.2;r5=15.\n",

-      "l1=3.368;l2=2.626;l3=2.067;l4=1.43;l5=1.08\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "D = 30.;##tip diameter in m\n",

-      "J = 5.0;##tip-speed ratio\n",

-      "Z = 3.;##in m\n",

-      "CL = 1.0;\n",

-      "import numpy\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "##Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "print('Values of blade chord and radius(optimum conditions):');\n",

-      "print('\\n -----------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

-      "print('\\n phi(deg)      j           4flamda            r(m)           l(m)');\n",

-      "print('\\n -----------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s  %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n ',phi1,'' and '',j1,'' and '',4*j1*lamda1,''  and '',r1,'' and '',l1,'');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s  %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n ',phi2,'' and '',j2,'' and '',4*j2*lamda2,''  and '',r2,'' and '',l2,'');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s  %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n ',phi3,'' and '',j3,'' and '',4*j3*lamda3,''  and '',r3,'' and '',l3,'');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s  %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n ',phi4,'' and '',j4,'' and '',4*j3*lamda4,''  and '',r4,'' and '',l4,'');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s  %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n ',phi5,'' and '',j5,'' and '',4*j5*lamda5,''  and '',r5,'' and '',l5,'');\n",

-      "\n",

-      "print('\\n -----------------------------------------------------------------');\n",

-      "\n",

-      "l_R = numpy.array([3.368,2.6,2.067,1.43,1.08])/(0.5*D);\n",

-      "r_R = numpy.array([r1,r2,r3,r4,r5])/(0.5*D);    \n",

-      "pyplot.plot(r_R,l_R);\n",

-      "pyplot.xlabel(\"r/R\");\n",

-      "pyplot.ylabel(\"l/R\");\n",

-      "pyplot.title(\"Optimal variation of chord length with radius\");\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##there are very small errors in the ansers given in textbook\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Values of blade chord and radius(optimum conditions):\n",

-        "\n",

-        " -----------------------------------------------------------------\n",

-        "\n",

-        " phi(deg)      j           4flamda            r(m)           l(m)\n",

-        "\n",

-        " -----------------------------------------------------------------\n",

-        "\n",

-        "  30.00   1.00  120.00  3.00  3.37  \n",

-        "\n",

-        "  20.00   1.73  138.40  5.19  2.63  \n",

-        "\n",

-        "  15.00   3.73  223.80  7.26  2.07  \n",

-        "\n",

-        "  10.00   10.00  149.20  11.20  1.43  \n",

-        "\n",

-        "  7.50   5.00  150.00  15.00  1.08  \n",

-        "\n",

-        " -----------------------------------------------------------------\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "pyout",

-       "prompt_number": 14,

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0x78ff3b0>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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RiTQ/qpKSsrJgQZj99rzzoGtXOPVUqKzUhIYidVH02WpLgRJG87VoEdx5Z5hm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\nEa8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x705f550>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_2_Physical_Properties_of_Hydraulic_Fluids_.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter2PhysicalPropertiesofHydraulicFluids.ipynb
index 587bcf9a..587bcf9a 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_2_Physical_Properties_of_Hydraulic_Fluids_.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter2PhysicalPropertiesofHydraulicFluids.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_5_Hydraulic_Pumps_.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter5HydraulicPumps.ipynb
index 14a502a1..14a502a1 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_5_Hydraulic_Pumps_.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter5HydraulicPumps.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_10_Hydraulic_Conductors_and_Fittings.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_10_Hydraulic_Conductors_and.ipynb
index fb2937bf..fb2937bf 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_10_Hydraulic_Conductors_and_Fittings.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_10_Hydraulic_Conductors_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_11_Ancillary_Hydraulic_Devices.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_11_Ancillary_Hydraulic.ipynb
index 05caf661..05caf661 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_11_Ancillary_Hydraulic_Devices.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_11_Ancillary_Hydraulic.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_13_Pneumatics_Air_Preparation_and_components.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_13_Pneumatics_Air_Preparation_and.ipynb
index 8671e8b9..8671e8b9 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_13_Pneumatics_Air_Preparation_and_components.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_13_Pneumatics_Air_Preparation_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_14_Pneumatics_circuits_and_Applications.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_14_Pneumatics_circuits_and.ipynb
index 1181bd25..1181bd25 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_14_Pneumatics_circuits_and_Applications.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_14_Pneumatics_circuits_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_17_Advanced_Electdrical_Controls_For_Fluid_Power_Systems.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_17_Advanced_Electdrical_Controls_For_Fluid_Power.ipynb
index a514cecb..a514cecb 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_17_Advanced_Electdrical_Controls_For_Fluid_Power_Systems.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_17_Advanced_Electdrical_Controls_For_Fluid_Power.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_3_Energy_and_Power_in_Hydraulic_Systems.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_3_Energy_and_Power_in_Hydraulic.ipynb
index db497e2f..db497e2f 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_3_Energy_and_Power_in_Hydraulic_Systems.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_3_Energy_and_Power_in_Hydraulic.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_4_Frictional_Losses_in_Hydraulic_Piplines.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_4_Frictional_Losses_in_Hydraulic.ipynb
index 68078afe..68078afe 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_4_Frictional_Losses_in_Hydraulic_Piplines.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_4_Frictional_Losses_in_Hydraulic.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_6_Hydraulic_Cylinders_and_Cushioning_Devices.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_6_Hydraulic_Cylinders_and_Cushioning.ipynb
index 9d076e67..9d076e67 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_6_Hydraulic_Cylinders_and_Cushioning_Devices.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_6_Hydraulic_Cylinders_and_Cushioning.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_7_Hydraulic_Motors.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_7_Hydraulic.ipynb
index 07e4fe83..07e4fe83 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_7_Hydraulic_Motors.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_7_Hydraulic.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_8_Hydraulic_Valves.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_8_Hydraulic.ipynb
index d7c148a0..d7c148a0 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_8_Hydraulic_Valves.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_8_Hydraulic.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_9__Hydraulic_Circuit_Design_and_Analysis.ipynb b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_9__Hydraulic_Circuit_Design_and.ipynb
index 02352046..02352046 100755
--- a/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_9__Hydraulic_Circuit_Design_and_Analysis.ipynb
+++ b/Fluid_Power_With_Applications_by_A._Esposito/Chapter_9__Hydraulic_Circuit_Design_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_10_Electmotive_Force.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_10_Electmotive.ipynb
index 6b8b2e2b..6b8b2e2b 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_10_Electmotive_Force.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_10_Electmotive.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_11_Thermodynamics_Some_Basic_Concepts.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_11_Thermodynamics_Some_Basic.ipynb
index 267e253e..267e253e 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_11_Thermodynamics_Some_Basic_Concepts.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_11_Thermodynamics_Some_Basic.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_12_Thermodynamics_Thermodynamic_chemistry.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_12_Thermodynamics_Thermodynamic.ipynb
index c21e7069..c21e7069 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_12_Thermodynamics_Thermodynamic_chemistry.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_12_Thermodynamics_Thermodynamic.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_13_Thermodynamics_Entropy_and_Free_Energy.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_13_Thermodynamics_Entropy_and_Free.ipynb
index c490c111..c490c111 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_13_Thermodynamics_Entropy_and_Free_Energy.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_13_Thermodynamics_Entropy_and_Free.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_14_Determination_of_hydronium.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_14_Determination_of.ipynb
index c6c1bf67..c6c1bf67 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_14_Determination_of_hydronium.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_14_Determination_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_16_Oxidation_Reduction_potentials.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_16_Oxidation_Reduction.ipynb
index 0d044d92..0d044d92 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_16_Oxidation_Reduction_potentials.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_16_Oxidation_Reduction.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_17_Speed_of_Reaction_Catalysis.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_17_Speed_of_Reaction.ipynb
index 67cd9c12..67cd9c12 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_17_Speed_of_Reaction_Catalysis.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_17_Speed_of_Reaction.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_2_Gases.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_2.ipynb
index 000f707f..000f707f 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_2_Gases.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_20_Radiochemistry.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_20.ipynb
index 998434a9..998434a9 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_20_Radiochemistry.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_20.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_3_Liquids.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_3.ipynb
index e589391c..e589391c 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_3_Liquids.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_4_Solutions_Nonelectrolytes.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_4_Solutions.ipynb
index f47af062..f47af062 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_4_Solutions_Nonelectrolytes.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_4_Solutions.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_5_Solutions_Osmotic_Pressure.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_5_Solutions_Osmotic.ipynb
index 6e73e7eb..6e73e7eb 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_5_Solutions_Osmotic_Pressure.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_5_Solutions_Osmotic.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_6_Solutions_Solutions_of_Electrolytes.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_6_Solutions_Solutions_of.ipynb
index 3233c91e..3233c91e 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_6_Solutions_Solutions_of_Electrolytes.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_6_Solutions_Solutions_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_7_Conductivity.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_7.ipynb
index 7f108101..7f108101 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_7_Conductivity.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_8_Chemical_Equlibrium.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_8_Chemical.ipynb
index 9d996b4d..9d996b4d 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_8_Chemical_Equlibrium.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_8_Chemical.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_9_Ionic_Equilibria_and_Buffer_Action.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_9_Ionic_Equilibria_and_Buffer.ipynb
index 70140b45..70140b45 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_9_Ionic_Equilibria_and_Buffer_Action.ipynb
+++ b/Fundamentals_Of_Physical_Chemistry_by_H._D._Crockford,_Samuel_B.Knight/Chapter_9_Ionic_Equilibria_and_Buffer.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_1_Introduction.ipynb b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_1.ipynb
index 0af0c439..0af0c439 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_1_Introduction.ipynb
+++ b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_10_Heat_Exchangers.ipynb b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_10_Heat.ipynb
index b6a504f0..b6a504f0 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_10_Heat_Exchangers.ipynb
+++ b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_10_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_11_Mass_Transfer.ipynb b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_11_Mass.ipynb
index 764a2588..764a2588 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_11_Mass_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_11_Mass.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_2_Steady_State_Conduction_One_Dimension.ipynb b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_2_Steady_State_Conduction_One.ipynb
index 71fd76dc..71fd76dc 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_2_Steady_State_Conduction_One_Dimension.ipynb
+++ b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_2_Steady_State_Conduction_One.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_3_Steady_State_Conduction_Multiple_Dimension.ipynb b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_3_Steady_State_Conduction_Multiple.ipynb
index 7dd6ca44..7dd6ca44 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_3_Steady_State_Conduction_Multiple_Dimension.ipynb
+++ b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_3_Steady_State_Conduction_Multiple.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_4_Unsteady_State_Conduction.ipynb b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_4_Unsteady_State.ipynb
index 3363aee9..3363aee9 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_4_Unsteady_State_Conduction.ipynb
+++ b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_4_Unsteady_State.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_5_Principles_of_Convection.ipynb b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_5_Principles_of.ipynb
index ec39bab5..ec39bab5 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_5_Principles_of_Convection.ipynb
+++ b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_5_Principles_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_6_Empirical_and_Practical_Relations_for_Forced_Convection_Heat_Transfer.ipynb b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_6_Empirical_and_Practical_Relations_for_Forced_Convection_Heat.ipynb
index 92b1940b..92b1940b 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_6_Empirical_and_Practical_Relations_for_Forced_Convection_Heat_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_6_Empirical_and_Practical_Relations_for_Forced_Convection_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_7_Natural_Convection_Systems.ipynb b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_7_Natural_Convection.ipynb
index 7793c6da..7793c6da 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_7_Natural_Convection_Systems.ipynb
+++ b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_7_Natural_Convection.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_8_Radiation_Heat_Transfer.ipynb b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_8_Radiation_Heat.ipynb
index 97eeda1a..97eeda1a 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_8_Radiation_Heat_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_8_Radiation_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_9_Condensation_and_Boiling_Heat_Transfer.ipynb b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_9_Condensation_and_Boiling_Heat.ipynb
index 977f0e4b..977f0e4b 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_9_Condensation_and_Boiling_Heat_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_9_Condensation_and_Boiling_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_12_High_Voltage_cables.ipynb b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_12_High_Voltage.ipynb
index ab7d1d4d..ab7d1d4d 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_12_High_Voltage_cables.ipynb
+++ b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_12_High_Voltage.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_16_High_Voltage_Genration.ipynb b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_16_High_Voltage.ipynb
index 52232457..52232457 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_16_High_Voltage_Genration.ipynb
+++ b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_16_High_Voltage.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_19_Applications_of_High_Voltage_Engineering_in_Industries.ipynb b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_19_Applications_of_High_Voltage_Engineering_in.ipynb
index 76fa3802..76fa3802 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_19_Applications_of_High_Voltage_Engineering_in_Industries.ipynb
+++ b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_19_Applications_of_High_Voltage_Engineering_in.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_2_Electric_Fields.ipynb b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_2_Electric.ipynb
index a1d8b50a..a1d8b50a 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_2_Electric_Fields.ipynb
+++ b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_2_Electric.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_3_Ionization_and_Deionization_Processes_in_gases.ipynb b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_3_Ionization_and_Deionization_Processes_in.ipynb
index b9c17f1a..b9c17f1a 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_3_Ionization_and_Deionization_Processes_in_gases.ipynb
+++ b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_3_Ionization_and_Deionization_Processes_in.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_4_Electrical_Breakdown_of_Gases.ipynb b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_4_Electrical_Breakdown_of.ipynb
index df2dbfe4..df2dbfe4 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_4_Electrical_Breakdown_of_Gases.ipynb
+++ b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_4_Electrical_Breakdown_of.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_5_The_Corona_Discharge.ipynb b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_5_The_Corona.ipynb
index ca4e8f8f..ca4e8f8f 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_5_The_Corona_Discharge.ipynb
+++ b/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._A._Salam,_H._Anis,_A._El_Morshedy_and_R._Radwan/Chapter_5_The_Corona.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Numerical_Methods_In_Chemical_Engineering_by_P._Ahuja/chapter6_.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Numerical_Methods_In_Chemical_Engineering_by_P._Ahuja/chapter6.ipynb
index 675b6be7..675b6be7 100644
--- a/Introduction_To_Numerical_Methods_In_Chemical_Engineering_by_P._Ahuja/chapter6_.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Numerical_Methods_In_Chemical_Engineering_by_P._Ahuja/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_10_Tabulated_properties_Steam_Tables.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_10_Tabulated_properties_Steam.ipynb
index 716ec20d..716ec20d 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_10_Tabulated_properties_Steam_Tables.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_10_Tabulated_properties_Steam.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_11_Properties_of_Gases.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_11_Properties_of.ipynb
index e62ea4c5..e62ea4c5 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_11_Properties_of_Gases.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_11_Properties_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_16_Fluid_Flow_Nozzles_and_Turbines.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_16_Fluid_Flow_Nozzles_and.ipynb
index 37fd32ab..37fd32ab 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_16_Fluid_Flow_Nozzles_and_Turbines.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_16_Fluid_Flow_Nozzles_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_17_Gas_compression.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_17_Gas.ipynb
index 530b79bf..530b79bf 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_17_Gas_compression.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_17_Gas.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_18_Refrigeration.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_18.ipynb
index 1370106c..1370106c 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_18_Refrigeration.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_18.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_19_Heat_Transmission.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_19_Heat.ipynb
index 0ec693cd..0ec693cd 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_19_Heat_Transmission.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_19_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_2_Work.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_2.ipynb
index 14873eb2..14873eb2 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_2_Work.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_3_Temperature_and_Heat.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_3_Temperature_and.ipynb
index e79cb271..e79cb271 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_3_Temperature_and_Heat.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_3_Temperature_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_5_First_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_5_First_Law_of.ipynb
index c5127493..c5127493 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_5_First_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_5_First_Law_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_6_Flow_Procesess_First_law_analysis.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_6_Flow_Procesess_First_law.ipynb
index 021d290f..021d290f 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_6_Flow_Procesess_First_law_analysis.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_6_Flow_Procesess_First_law.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_8_Basic_applications_of_the_second_law.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_8_Basic_applications_of_the_second.ipynb
index 65257aa0..65257aa0 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_8_Basic_applications_of_the_second_law.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Chapter_8_Basic_applications_of_the_second.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Combustion_Processes_First_law_analysis.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Combustion_Processes_First_law.ipynb
index 4c71316d..4c71316d 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Combustion_Processes_First_law_analysis.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Combustion_Processes_First_law.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Gas_cycles.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Gas.ipynb
index 8b184ea7..8b184ea7 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Gas_cycles.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Gas.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Properties_of_Gaseous_Mixtures.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Properties_of_Gaseous.ipynb
index 2178e157..2178e157 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Properties_of_Gaseous_Mixtures.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Properties_of_Gaseous.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Vapor_cycles.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Vapor.ipynb
index 308a1861..308a1861 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Vapor_cycles.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_To_Thermodynamics_And_Heat_Transfer_by_D._A._Mooney/Vapor.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter1.ipynb b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter1.ipynb
index d3b728b1..d9d7f745 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 1\"\n",
     "#The temprature of two faces of the slabs are T1=40°C & T2=20°C \n",
     "#The thickness of the slab(L) is 80mm or .08m\n",
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 2\"\n",
     "#The thermal conductivity(km)of masonry wall is .8 W/(mK)\n",
     "#The thermal conductivity(kc)of composite wall is .2 W/(mK)\n",
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@
     "#The thickness of masonry wall is Lm.\n",
     "print\"The thickness of masonry wall is Lm in m\"\n",
     "Lm=(km/kc)*(Lc/(0.8))\n",
-    "print\"Lm=\",Lm"
+    "print\"Lm=\",Lm\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 4\"\n",
     "#The average forced convective heat transfer coefficient(hbr) is 200 W/( m**2 °C)\n",
     "#The fluid temprature(Tinf) upstream of the cold surface is 100°C\n",
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -155,7 +156,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 5\"\n",
     "#The average heat transfer coefficient(hbr) is 800 W/(m**2°C)\n",
     "#The surface temprature of heat exchanger is 75°C and air temprature is 25°C so deltaT=(75-25)\n",
@@ -178,7 +179,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -189,16 +190,16 @@
      "text": [
       "Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 6\n",
       "The rate of heat transfer from the plate is given by Q=hbr*A*(Ts-Tinf)\n",
-      "Q= 224.0\n",
+      "Equating the above two equations we get hbr=(m*cp*|dT/dt|)/(A*(Ts-Tinf)) in W/(m**2°C)\n",
+      "hbr= 11.2\n",
       "The rate of heat transfer can also be written in the form of Q=m*cp*|dT/dt| from an energy balance.\n",
       "Q= 224.0\n",
-      "Equating the above two equations we get hbr=(m*cp*|dT/dt|)/(A*(Ts-Tinf)) in W/(m**2°C)\n",
-      "hbr= 11.2\n"
+      "Equating the above two equations we get hbr=(m*cp*|dT/dt|)/(A*(Ts-Tinf)) in W/(m**2°C)\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 6\"\n",
     "#The temprature of the plate(Ts) is 225°C\n",
     "#The ambient temprature (Tinf) is 25°C\n",
@@ -214,13 +215,28 @@
     "m=4;\n",
     "cp=2.8;\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer from the plate is given by Q=hbr*A*(Ts-Tinf)\"\n",
+    "print\"Equating the above two equations we get hbr=(m*cp*|dT/dt|)/(A*(Ts-Tinf)) in W/(m**2°C)\"\n",
+    "hbr=(m*cp*10**3*X)/(A*(Ts-Tinf))\n",
+    "print\"hbr=\",hbr\n",
     "Q=hbr*A*(Ts-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer can also be written in the form of Q=m*cp*|dT/dt| from an energy balance.\"\n",
     "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
     "print\"Equating the above two equations we get hbr=(m*cp*|dT/dt|)/(A*(Ts-Tinf)) in W/(m**2°C)\"\n",
-    "hbr=(m*cp*10**3*X)/(A*(Ts-Tinf))\n",
-    "print\"hbr=\",hbr"
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -232,7 +248,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -248,7 +264,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 7\"\n",
     "#The temprature(T) of brick wall after sunset is 50°C\n",
     "#The emissity value(emi)=0.9\n",
@@ -272,7 +288,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -288,7 +304,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 8\"\n",
     "#The temprature(T) of asphalt pavement = 50°C\n",
     "#The stefan-Boltzman constant(sigma)=5.6697*10**-8 W/(m**2*K**4).\n",
@@ -298,7 +314,7 @@
     "print\"The emitted radiant energy per unit surface area is given by Eb/A=sigma*T**4 in W/m**2\"\n",
     "#Let Eb/A=F\n",
     "F=sigma*(50+273.15)**4\n",
-    "print\"F=\",F"
+    "print\"F=\",F\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -310,7 +326,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -330,7 +346,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 9\"\n",
     "#The Thickness(L) of wall= 150 mm or 0.15 m.\n",
     "#The wall on one side is exposed to air at temprature(Ta)= 60°C and on the other side to air at temprature(Tb) = 20°C\n",
@@ -367,7 +383,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -378,9 +394,7 @@
      "text": [
       "Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 10\n",
       "Heat transfer from the outer surface takes place only by radiation is given by Q/A=F1=emi*sigma*(T2**4-T0**4)in W/m**2 for different values of tempratures in K\n",
-      "F1= 332.029390022\n",
       "heat transfer from the outer surface can also be written as Q/A=F2=(Ti-To)/((1/hbri)+(L/k)+(1/hr)) in W/m**2 at different tempratures in K\n",
-      "F2= 332.132667923\n",
       "The values of temprature that are considered are <298 K\n",
       "Satisfactory solutions for Temprature in K is\n",
       "T2= 292.5\n",
@@ -391,7 +405,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 10\"\n",
     "#The spacecraft panel has thickness(L)=.01 m\n",
     "#The spacecraft has inner temprature (Ti)=298 K\n",
@@ -413,9 +427,7 @@
     "#Radiation heat transfer coefficient(hr) is defined as Q/A=hr(T2-To)\n",
     "#so hr=4.536*10**-8*T2**3\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer from the outer surface takes place only by radiation is given by Q/A=F1=emi*sigma*(T2**4-T0**4)in W/m**2 for different values of tempratures in K\"\n",
-    "print\"F1=\",F1\n",
     "print\"heat transfer from the outer surface can also be written as Q/A=F2=(Ti-To)/((1/hbri)+(L/k)+(1/hr)) in W/m**2 at different tempratures in K\"\n",
-    "print\"F2=\",F2\n",
     "print\"The values of temprature that are considered are <298 K\"\n",
     "for i in range(285,292):\n",
     "    T2=i\n",
@@ -445,7 +457,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -488,7 +500,8 @@
     "print\"The total heat loss by The pipe per unit length is given by Q/L=hbr*A*(T1-T2)+sigma*emi*A*(T1**4-T2**4) in W/m\"\n",
     "#Let Q/L=F\n",
     "F=hbr*A*((T1+273.15)-(T2+273.15))+sigma*emi*A*((T1+273.15)**4-(T2+273.15)**4)\n",
-    "print\"F=\",F"
+    "print\"F=\",F\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter10.ipynb b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter10.ipynb
index 9eacc4ed..95f29d79 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter10.ipynb
@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -90,7 +94,29 @@
     "print\"LMTD=\",LMTD\n",
     "print\"Area(A)=Q/(U*LMTD) in m**2\"\n",
     "A=Q/(U*LMTD)\n",
-    "print\"A=\",A"
+    "print\"A=\",A\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -124,6 +150,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -163,7 +193,7 @@
     "#Area(A)=Q/(U*LMTD) in m**2\n",
     "print\"Area(A)=Q/(U*LMTD) in m**2\"\n",
     "A=Q/(U*LMTD)\n",
-    "print\"A=\",A"
+    "print\"A=\",A\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -203,6 +233,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 3\"\n",
@@ -250,7 +284,13 @@
     "#overall heat transfer coefficient(U)=Q/(A*F*LMTD)\n",
     "print\"overall heat transfer coefficient(U)=Q/(A*F*LMTD)in W/(m**2*K)\"\n",
     "U=Q/(A*F*LMTD)\n",
-    "print\"U=\",U"
+    "print\"U=\",U\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -302,6 +342,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 5\"\n",
@@ -380,7 +424,33 @@
     "print\"To provide this surface area ,The length(L) of the tube required is given by L=A/(pi*D) in m\"\n",
     "L=A/(math.pi*D)\n",
     "print\"Hence same result is obtained for both methods\"\n",
-    "print\"L=\",L"
+    "print\"L=\",L\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -412,6 +482,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -446,7 +520,13 @@
     "#Hence The total heat transfer rate (Q)=eff*Cmin*(Thi-Tci)in kW.\n",
     "print\"The total heat transfer rate (Q)=eff*Cmin*(Thi-Tci) in kW\"                           \n",
     "Q=eff*Cmin*(Thi-Tci)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -480,6 +560,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -519,7 +603,22 @@
     "#The exit temprature(Tho) of air is given by Thi-(Q/(mdota*cpa))\n",
     "print\"The exit temprature of air in °C \"\n",
     "Tho=Thi-(Q/(mdota*1000*cpa))#NOTE:-The answer slightly varies from the answer in book(i.e Tho=26°C) because the value of Q taken in book is approximated to 1*10**6W.\n",
-    "print\"Tho=\",Tho"
+    "print\"Tho=\",Tho\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -557,6 +656,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
+    "  \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -599,7 +702,28 @@
     "Tho=Tci;\n",
     "print\"Effectiveness of heat exchanger is \"\n",
     "eff=(mdoth*ch*(Thi-Tho))/(mdoth*ch*(Thi-Tci))\n",
-    "print\"eff=\",eff"
+    "print\"eff=\",eff\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter11.ipynb b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter11.ipynb
index c44923f7..a46cced0 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter11.ipynb
@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 3\"\n",
@@ -53,7 +57,7 @@
     "A1=2;\n",
     "A3=2.5;\n",
     "F31=(A1/A3)*F13\n",
-    "print\"F31=\",F31"
+    "print\"F31=\",F31\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -83,6 +87,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -108,7 +116,11 @@
     "#This implies F14=((F1,2-4*(A1+A2)))-A2*F24)/A2\n",
     "print\"The view factor F14=((F1,2-4*(A1+A2)))-A2*F24)/A2\"\n",
     "F14=((F124*(A1+A2))-(A2*F24))/A2\n",
-    "print\"F14=\",F14"
+    "print\"F14=\",F14\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    " \n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -137,6 +149,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 5\"\n",
@@ -155,7 +171,7 @@
     "#Let A1/A2=A\n",
     "A=1/4;\n",
     "F31=(A)*F13\n",
-    "print\"F31=\",F31"
+    "print\"F31=\",F31\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -190,6 +206,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -232,7 +252,27 @@
     "#Therefore we can write Q1=A1*sigma*(T1**4-F12*T2**4-F1s*Ts**4)\n",
     "print\"The net rate of energy loss from the surface at 127°C if the surrounding other than the two surfaces act as black body at 300K in W \"\n",
     "Q1=A1*sigma*(T1**4-F12*T2**4-F1s*Ts**4)\n",
-    "print\"Q1=\",Q1"
+    "print\"Q1=\",Q1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -262,6 +302,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -283,7 +327,17 @@
     "#So,The net rate of heat transfer when the two surfaces are black is Q/A=sigma*(T1**4-T2**4)\n",
     "print\"The net rate of heat transfer when the two surfaces are black is Q/A=sigma*(T1**4-T2**4) in W\"\n",
     "H=sigma*(T1**4-T2**4)\n",
-    "print\"H=\",H"
+    "print\"H=\",H\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -317,6 +371,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -353,7 +411,20 @@
     "print\"Q2=\",Q2\n",
     "print\"Error(E) is given By ((Q2-Q1)/Q1)*100 in percentage\"\n",
     "E=((Q2-Q1)/Q1)*100\n",
-    "print\"E=\",E"
+    "print\"E=\",E\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -384,6 +455,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 10\"\n",
@@ -428,7 +503,19 @@
     "#So Q/A=(sigma*(T1**4-T2**4))/(R)\n",
     "#Let Q/A=H\n",
     "H=(sigma*(T1**4-T2**4))/(R)\n",
-    "print\"H=\",H"
+    "print\"H=\",H\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter2.ipynb b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter2.ipynb
index cda3a92c..ba64d857 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -119,7 +119,31 @@
     "print\"Check for Ti(in °C)\"\n",
     "Ti=T4-(Q*Ri)\n",
     "print\"The value is same as given in the problem\"\n",
-    "print\"Ti=\",Ti"
+    "print\"Ti=\",Ti\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    " \n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -147,6 +171,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "  \n",
+    "\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -166,7 +194,7 @@
     "#Q=(Ti-To)/((Lb/kb)+(L/ki)) so L=ki*(((Ti-To)/Q)-(Lb/kb))\n",
     "print\"The thickness of insulating material L=ki*(((Ti-To)/Q)-(Lb/kb)) in m\"\n",
     "L=ki*(((Ti-To)/Q)-(Lb/kb))\n",
-    "print\"L=\",L"
+    "print\"L=\",L\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -178,7 +206,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -207,6 +235,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -252,7 +281,17 @@
     "print\"q2=\",q2\n",
     "print\"Heat flux qo=q1+q2 in W/m**2 \"\n",
     "qo=q1+q2\n",
-    "print\"qo=\",qo"
+    "print\"qo=\",qo\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -290,6 +329,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "  \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -332,7 +372,9 @@
     "X=(2*10**3)-(4*10**5*x);\n",
     "Q=-k*X/10**6\n",
     "#A check for the above results can be made from an energy balance of the plate as |(q/A)|@x=0+|(q/A)|@x=0.02=qG*0.02\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -344,7 +386,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -368,6 +410,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 9\"\n",
@@ -415,7 +458,16 @@
     "Q=(T1-Tinf)/(((X)/(2*math.pi*L*k))+(1/(h*2*math.pi*r2*L)))\n",
     "#It is important to note that Q increases by 5.2% when the insulation thickness increases from 0.002m to critical thickness. \n",
     "#Addition of insulation beyond the critical thickness decreases the value of Q (The heat loss).\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -427,7 +479,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -443,6 +495,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 10\"\n",
@@ -472,7 +525,22 @@
     "#Therefore the thickness of insulation is given by t=r3-Do\n",
     "print\"the thickness of insulation in metre is\"\n",
     "t=r3-Do\n",
-    "print\"t=\",t"
+    "print\"t=\",t\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -484,7 +552,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -502,6 +570,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 11\"\n",
@@ -522,7 +591,21 @@
     "print\"The temprature of wire at the centre in K is \"\n",
     "To=Tw+((qG*ro**2)/(4*k))\n",
     "#Note:The answer in the book is incorrect(value of D has been put instead of ro)\n",
-    "print\"To=\",To"
+    "print\"To=\",To\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -572,6 +655,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 12\"\n",
@@ -643,7 +730,12 @@
     "#the amount of ice in kG which melts during a 24 hour period is (mice)\n",
     "print\"Therefore,the amount of ice(mice)in kG which melts during a 24 hour period is\"\n",
     "mice=Qt/deltahf\n",
-    "print\"mice=\",mice"
+    "print\"mice=\",mice\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -655,7 +747,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -690,6 +782,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 13\"\n",
@@ -753,7 +846,15 @@
     "Qinf=(h*P*k*A)**0.5*thetab\n",
     "print\"We see that since k is large there is significant difference  between the finite length and the infinte length cases\"\n",
     "print\"However when the length of the rod approaches 1m,the result become almost same.\" \n",
-    "print\"Qinf=\",Qinf"
+    "print\"Qinf=\",Qinf\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -765,7 +866,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -781,6 +882,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 14\"\n",
@@ -797,7 +899,41 @@
     "#The thermal conductivity of Rod B iskB\n",
     "print\"The thermal conductivity of Rod B kB in W/(m*K) is \"\n",
     "kB=kA*(xB/xA)**2\n",
-    "print\"kB=\",kB"
+    "print\"kB=\",kB\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -809,7 +945,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -835,6 +971,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "  \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 15\"\n",
@@ -876,7 +1013,17 @@
     "#Heat loss from the plate is Qb\n",
     "print\"Heat loss from the plate at 400K in W is\"\n",
     "Qb=(N*(h*P*kal*A)**0.5*thetab*((math.cosh(m*L)-(thetaL/thetab))/(math.sinh(m*L))))+(((l*b)-(N*A))*h*thetab)+(l*b*h*thetab)\n",
-    "print\"Qb=\",Qb"
+    "print\"Qb=\",Qb\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter3.ipynb b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter3.ipynb
index 6b51de29..55a11dc9 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter3.ipynb
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 3, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -56,7 +59,7 @@
     "#Temperature in degree celcius\n",
     "print\"Temperature at the centre in Degree C is\"\n",
     "T = theta*100+100\n",
-    "print\"T=\",T"
+    "print\"T=\",T\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -87,6 +90,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 3, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -111,7 +117,7 @@
     "print\"theta=\",theta\n",
     "print\"Temperature in K at centre point\"\n",
     "T = theta*100+300\n",
-    "print\"T=\",T"
+    "print\"T=\",T\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -160,6 +166,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     "import numpy\n",
     " \n",
@@ -206,7 +213,7 @@
     "print T7\n",
     "print\"T8 in degree K\"\n",
     "T8 = T[7]\n",
-    "print T8"
+    "print T8\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -248,6 +255,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     "import numpy\n",
     " \n",
@@ -292,7 +300,7 @@
     "print T5\n",
     "print\"T6 in degree C\"\n",
     "T6 = T[4]\n",
-    "print T6"
+    "print T6\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -346,6 +354,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 3, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -403,7 +412,7 @@
     "print T8\n",
     "print\"T9 in degree C\"\n",
     "T9 = T[8]\n",
-    "print T9"
+    "print T9\n"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter4.ipynb b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter4.ipynb
index 6c85f1a7..54a5875b 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter4.ipynb
@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    "\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -55,7 +59,8 @@
     "if Bi<0.1:\n",
     "  print\"Problem is suitable for lumped parameter analysis\"\n",
     "else:\n",
-    "  print\"Problem is not suitable for lumped parameter analysis\""
+    "  print\"Problem is not suitable for lumped parameter analysis\"\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -67,7 +72,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -85,6 +90,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -109,7 +115,7 @@
     "#Required time in sec\n",
     "t = (-8)*math.log(0.01);\n",
     "print\"Time required in seconds\"\n",
-    "print\"t=\",t"
+    "print\"t=\",t\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -121,7 +127,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -137,6 +143,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 3\"\n",
@@ -150,7 +157,7 @@
     "#Maximum dimension in metre\n",
     "a = ((6*k)*Bi)/h;\n",
     "print\"Maximum dimension in metre for lumped parameter analysis\"\n",
-    "print\"a=\",a"
+    "print\"a=\",a\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -179,6 +186,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "from scipy.integrate  import quad\n",
     "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -214,7 +222,7 @@
     "E = (((h*math.pi)*d)*H)*quad(lambda t:(80.0-25.0)*math.e*(-t/472.5),0,60.0*t)[0];\n",
     "print\"Energy required for cooling in KJ\"\n",
     "E = E/1000.0\n",
-    "print \"E=\",E"
+    "print \"E=\",E\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -226,7 +234,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -244,6 +252,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 5\"\n",
@@ -279,7 +288,7 @@
     "Q = ((((0.69*k)*2)*L)*(Tinfinity-Ti))/alpha;\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer rate in MJ\"\n",
     "Q = Q/(10**6)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -291,7 +300,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -309,6 +318,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -346,7 +356,7 @@
     "Q = (((0.4*k)*L)*(Ti-Tinfinity))/alpha;\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer rate in MJ\"\n",
     "Q = Q/(10**6)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -358,7 +368,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -376,6 +386,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -413,7 +424,7 @@
     "Q = (((((0.4*k)*math.pi)*ro)*ro)*(Ti-Tinfinity))/alpha;\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer rate per unit length in MJ/m\"\n",
     "Q = Q/(10**6)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -425,7 +436,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -441,6 +452,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -469,7 +481,7 @@
     "t = ((Fo*ro)*ro)/alpha;\n",
     "print\"Time required in minutes\"\n",
     "t = t/60\n",
-    "print\"t=\",t"
+    "print\"t=\",t\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -481,7 +493,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -497,6 +509,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 9\"\n",
@@ -539,7 +552,7 @@
     "#Temperature in °C\n",
     "T = Tinfinity+z*(Ti-Tinfinity);\n",
     "print\"Tempearture of bar in °C\"\n",
-    "print\"T=\",T"
+    "print\"T=\",T\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -551,7 +564,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -576,6 +589,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 10\"\n",
@@ -645,7 +659,17 @@
     "#Therefore ((To-Tinf)/(Ti-Tinf))plate1*((To-Tinf)/(Ti-Tinf))plate2=A*B\n",
     "T=A*B\n",
     "print\"The calculated value is very close to the required value of 0.6.Hence the time required for the centre of the beam to reach 310°C is nearly 1200s or 20 minutes.\" \n",
-    "print\"T=\",T"
+    "print\"T=\",T\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -657,7 +681,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -673,6 +697,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 11\"\n",
@@ -694,7 +719,22 @@
     "#Therefore 10/t**0.5=0.38...this implies t=(10/0.38)**2\n",
     "print\"The time required for the temprature to reach 255°C at a depth of 80mm, in minutes is\"\n",
     "t=(10/0.38)**2/60\n",
-    "print\"T=\",T"
+    "print\"T=\",T\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -724,6 +764,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     "import scipy \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 12\"\n",
@@ -747,7 +788,18 @@
     "print\"The temprature at a depth(x) of 100mm after a time(t) of 100 seconds,in °C is\"\n",
     "T=Ti+((2*qo*(alpha*t/math.pi)**0.5)/(k))*math.e**((-x**2.0)/(4*alpha*t))-((qo*x)/(k))*scipy.special.erf(x/(2*(alpha*t)**0.5))\n",
     "print\"T=\",T\n",
-    "#NOTE:The answer in the book is incorrect(Calculation mistake)"
+    "#NOTE:The answer in the book is incorrect(Calculation mistake)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -759,7 +811,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 17,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -770,7 +822,7 @@
      "text": [
       "Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 14\n",
       "Temperature distribution after 25 mins in °C\n",
-      "T= [[  2.29192547e+02   2.91925466e+00   1.11801242e+00   4.34782609e-01\n",
+      "[[  2.29192547e+02   2.91925466e+00   1.11801242e+00   4.34782609e-01\n",
       "    1.86335404e-01   6.21118012e-02]\n",
       " [  8.75776398e+01   8.75776398e+00   3.35403727e+00   1.30434783e+00\n",
       "    5.59006211e-01   1.86335404e-01]\n",
@@ -786,6 +838,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     "import numpy\n",
     " \n",
@@ -811,8 +864,10 @@
     "#From Eq. 4.126\n",
     "#Temperature distribution after one time step\n",
     "T = numpy.linalg.inv(A)*B;\n",
+    "\n",
+    " \n",
     "print\"Temperature distribution after 25 mins in °C\"\n",
-    "print\"T=\",T"
+    "print T\n"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter5.ipynb b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter5.ipynb
index 5b3d46e7..1751c7ce 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter5.ipynb
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
     " \n",
@@ -73,7 +74,23 @@
     "#Q is the rate of heat transfer\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer in W/m of width is\"\n",
     "Q=hbarL*L*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -85,7 +102,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -102,6 +119,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 5, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -126,7 +144,18 @@
     "#from an enrgy balance we can write as E=27.063*U**0.85*L*B*(Ts-Tinf)\n",
     "print\"The minimum flow velocity in m/s is\"\n",
     "U=(E/(27.063*L*B*(Ts-Tinf)))**(1/0.85)\n",
-    "print\"U=\",U"
+    "print\"U=\",U\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -138,7 +167,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -161,8 +190,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
+    " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 5, Example 6\"\n",
     "#Air at 1atm pressure and temprature(Tin)=30°C enters a tube of 25mm diameter(D) with a velocity(U) of 10m/s\n",
     "D=0.025;#in metre\n",
@@ -200,7 +231,25 @@
     "k=0.0285;\n",
     "print\"Overall Nusselt number is \"\n",
     "NuL=hx*D/k\n",
-    "print\"NuL=\",NuL"
+    "print\"NuL=\",NuL\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -212,7 +261,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -236,6 +285,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 5, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -274,7 +324,21 @@
     "#Q is the heat loss from the plate\n",
     "print\"The heat loss from the plate in W is\"\n",
     "Q=hbar*A*(Ts-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -306,6 +370,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 5, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -333,7 +398,28 @@
     "#I is the current flow.\n",
     "print\"The current in Ampere is\"\n",
     "I=(Q/(R*L))**0.5\n",
-    "print\"I=\",I"
+    "print\"I=\",I\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter6.ipynb b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter6.ipynb
index 5a31da63..1c386970 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter6.ipynb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@
     "mu=0.1;\n",
     "b=0.005;  #in metre\n",
     " #Umax is maximum velocity\n",
-    " Umax=(3/2)*Uav\n",
+    " Umax=(3.0/2)*Uav\n",
     "print\"Umax in m/s is\"\n",
     "Umax=(3/2)*Uav\n",
     "print\"Umax=\",Umax\n",
@@ -81,7 +82,31 @@
     " #Since pressure drop is considered at a distance of 2m so L=2m\n",
     "L=2;\n",
     "deltaP=(-X)*L\n",
-    "print\"deltaP=\",deltaP"
+    "print\"deltaP=\",deltaP\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -93,7 +118,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -113,6 +138,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 3\"\n",
@@ -133,7 +159,28 @@
     " #The viscosity of oil is mu=(pi*D**4*X)/(128*Q*dz)\n",
     "print\"The viscosity of oil(mu)in kg/(m*s)\"\n",
     "mu=(math.pi*D**4*X)/(128*Q)\n",
-    "print\"mu=\",mu"
+    "print\"mu=\",mu\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -145,7 +192,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -154,7 +201,7 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      " Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 7\n",
+      "Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 7\n",
       "The maximum length of plate in m is \n",
       "L= 2.5\n",
       "The average skin friction coefficient is\n",
@@ -165,6 +212,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -188,7 +236,26 @@
     " #Fd is drag force\n",
     "print\"Drag force on one side of plate in N is\"\n",
     "Fd=cfL*(rhoair*Uinf**2/2)*B*L\n",
-    "print\"Fd=\",Fd"
+    "print\"Fd=\",Fd\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -200,7 +267,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -224,6 +291,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 10\"\n",
@@ -252,7 +320,21 @@
     " #The turbulent boundary layer thickness at the trailing edge is given by delta=L*(0.379/ReL**(1/5))\n",
     "print\"The turbulent boundary layer thickness at the trailing edge in metre is \"\n",
     "delta=L*(0.379/ReL**(1/5))\n",
-    "print\"delta=\",delta"
+    "print\"delta=\",delta\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter7.ipynb b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter7.ipynb
index bffd25f6..85b7eec5 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter7.ipynb
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -114,7 +115,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 2\"\n",
     "#Atmospheric air at temprature,Tinf=300K and with a free stream Velocity Uinf=30m/s flows over a flat plate parallel to a side of length(L)=2m.\n",
@@ -156,7 +161,24 @@
     "A=L*B;\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer per unit width in W is\"\n",
     "Q=hbarL*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -196,7 +218,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 3\"\n",
     "#Air at a pressure of 101kPa and temprature,Tinf=20°C flows with a velocity(Uinf) of 5m/s over a flat plate whose temprature is kept constant at Tw=140°C.\n",
@@ -246,7 +272,33 @@
     "#Q is the rate of heat transfer\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer per unit width in W is\"\n",
     "Q=h*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -288,7 +340,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 4\"\n",
     "#Castor oil at temprature,Tinf=36°C flows over a heated plate of length,L=6m and breadth,B=1m at velocity,Uinf=0.06m/s\n",
@@ -336,7 +392,29 @@
     "A=L*B;\n",
     "print\"(c)The rate of heat transfer in W is\"\n",
     "Q=hbarL*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -369,7 +447,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 5\"\n",
     "#A flat plate of width B=1m is maintained at a uniform surface temprtaure(Tw)=225°C\n",
@@ -405,7 +487,24 @@
     "#If qm be the power generation in W/m**2 within the module ,we can write from energy balance qm*(t/0.1000)*(l/0.1000)*(B)=hbarL*(t/0.1000)*(B)*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
     "print\"The required power generation in W/m**3 is\"\n",
     "qm=(hL*(l/0.1000)*(B)*(Tw-Tinf))/((t/0.1000)*(l/0.1000)*(B))\n",
-    "print\"qm=\",qm"
+    "print\"qm=\",qm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -441,7 +540,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " import math\n",
     "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 6\"\n",
     "#An aircraft is moving at a velocity of Uinf=150m/s in air at an altitude where the pressure is 0.7bar and the temprature is Tinf=-5°C.\n",
@@ -476,7 +579,21 @@
     "#Therefore we can write Surface temprature of wing, Tw=Tinf+(Qr/(2*hbarL))\n",
     "print\"Surface temprature of wing in kelvin is\"\n",
     "Tw=(273+Tinf)+(Qr/(2*hbarL))\n",
-    "print\"Tw=\",Tw"
+    "print\"Tw=\",Tw\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -516,7 +633,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 7\"\n",
     "#A fine wire having a diameter(D)=0.04mm is placed in an air stream at temprature,Tinf=25°C having a flow velocity of Uinf=60m/s perpendicular to wire.\n",
@@ -558,7 +679,32 @@
     "#Heat transfer per unit length(qL) is given by pi*D*hbar*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer per unit length in W/m is\"\n",
     "qL=math.pi*(D*10**-3)*hbar*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"qL=\",qL"
+    "print\"qL=\",qL\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -596,7 +742,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " import math\n",
     "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 8\"\n",
     "#Mercury and a light oil flowing at Uinf=4mm/s in a smooth tube having diameter(D)=25mm at a bulk temprature of 80°C.\n",
@@ -633,7 +783,24 @@
     "#Ltoil is the thermal entry length for oil\n",
     "print\"The thermal entry length for oil in m is\"\n",
     "Ltoil=0.05*Reoil*Proil*D\n",
-    "print\"Ltoil=\",Ltoil"
+    "print\"Ltoil=\",Ltoil\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -673,7 +840,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 9\"\n",
     "#Air at one atmospheric pressure and temprature(Tbi=75°C) enters a tube of internal diameter(D)=4.0mm with average velocity(U)=2m/s\n",
@@ -724,7 +895,21 @@
     "#Let Twe be the surface temprature at the exit plane.Then we can write hL*(Twe-Tbo)=qw\n",
     "print\"The tube surface temprature at the exit plane in °C is \"\n",
     "Twe=Tbo+(qw/hL)\n",
-    "print\"Twe=\",Twe"
+    "print\"Twe=\",Twe\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -767,7 +952,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 10\"\n",
     "#Air at one atmospheric pressure and temprature(Tbi=75°C) enters a tube of internal diameter(D)=4.0mm with average velocity(U)=2m/s\n",
@@ -822,7 +1011,18 @@
     "#Let Twe be the surface temprature at the exit plane.Then we can write hL*(Twe-Tbo)=qw\n",
     "print\"The tube surface temprature at the exit plane in °C is \"\n",
     "Twe=Tbo+(qw/hL)\n",
-    "print\"Twe=\",Twe"
+    "print\"Twe=\",Twe\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -867,7 +1067,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 11\"\n",
     "#Liquid sulphur di oxide in a saturated state flows inside a L=5m long tube and D=25mm internal diameter with a mass flow rate(mdot) of 0.15 kg/s.\n",
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter8.ipynb b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter8.ipynb
index 882c8bf9..a6c237e4 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter8.ipynb
@@ -79,7 +79,20 @@
     "#The rate of heat transfer is given by q=hbarL*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer in W is\"\n",
     "q=hbarL*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"q=\",q"
+    "print\"q=\",q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -115,6 +128,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -151,7 +165,24 @@
     "#spac is the minimum spacing \n",
     "print\"The minimum spacing in metre is\"\n",
     "spac=2*delta\n",
-    "print\"spac=\",spac"
+    "print\"spac=\",spac\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -188,6 +219,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "\n",
     "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
     "print \"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 3\"\n",
     "#Considering question 5.7\n",
@@ -243,7 +275,14 @@
     "print \"Mass flow rate at x=0.8m,in kG is\"\n",
     "I=quad(lambda y:465.9*(y-116*y*2+3341*y*3),0,delta)\n",
     "mdot=rho*B*I[0]\n",
-    "print\"mdot=\",mdot"
+    "print\"mdot=\",mdot\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -275,6 +314,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -312,7 +352,33 @@
     "hL=(2*k)/delta;\n",
     "hbarL=(4.0/3)*(hL)#NOTE:The answer in the book is incorrect(calculation mistake)\n",
     "print\"hL=\",hL\n",
-    "print\"hbarL=\",hbarL"
+    "print\"hbarL=\",hbarL\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -366,6 +432,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 5\"\n",
@@ -442,7 +509,51 @@
     "print hbarL\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer in W is \"\n",
     "Q=hbarL*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print Q"
+    "print Q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -488,6 +599,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -548,7 +663,16 @@
     "#The current flowing in the wire I=(q/(R*L)**(1/2.0)\n",
     "print\"The current flowing in the wire in Ampere is\"\n",
     "I=(q/(R*L))**(1/2.0)\n",
-    "print\"I=\",I"
+    "print\"I=\",I\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -585,6 +709,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -625,7 +750,26 @@
     "#The heat loss per meter length is given by q=hbar*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
     "print\"The heat loss per meter length in W is\"\n",
     "q=hbar*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"q=\",q"
+    "print\"q=\",q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -664,6 +808,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -709,7 +854,18 @@
     "print\"Hence,steady state Surface temprature in °C is\"\n",
     "Tw=Tinf+(P/(hbarD*math.pi*D*L))\n",
     "print\"Hence we see that our guess is in excellent agreement with the calculated value\"\n",
-    "print\"Tw=\",Tw"
+    "print\"Tw=\",Tw\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter9.ipynb b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter9.ipynb
index 2944362a..7d76afa3 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter9.ipynb
@@ -46,6 +46,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -86,7 +90,18 @@
     "print\"Reynolds no. is\"\n",
     "ReL=(4*mdotc)/(mu)\n",
     "print\"Therefore the flow is laminar and hence the use of the equation is justified\"\n",
-    "print\"ReL=\",ReL"
+    "print\"ReL=\",ReL\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -122,6 +137,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -159,7 +178,19 @@
     "#Re is reynolds number\n",
     "print\"Reynolds number is\"\n",
     "Re=(4*mdotc)/(mu*P)\n",
-    "print\"Re=\",Re"
+    "print\"Re=\",Re\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -197,6 +228,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 3\"\n",
@@ -243,7 +278,29 @@
     "#v is the average flow velocity\n",
     "print\"Hence the average flow velocity at the trailing edge in m/s is\"\n",
     "v=(mdotc)/(rho*delta*B)\n",
-    "print\"v=\",v"
+    "print\"v=\",v\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -277,6 +334,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -312,7 +373,29 @@
     "#The rate of condensation is given by mdotc=(hbar*(pi*D*L)*(Tg-Tw))/hfg\n",
     "print\"The total rate of condensation in kg/hr\"\n",
     "mdotc=((hbar*(math.pi*D*L)*(Tg-Tw))/hfg)*3600\n",
-    "print\"mdotc=\",mdotc"
+    "print\"mdotc=\",mdotc\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -340,6 +423,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 5\"\n",
@@ -358,7 +445,15 @@
     "#h is heat transfer coefficient\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2 is\"\n",
     "h=(E*I)/(A*(T1-T2))\n",
-    "print\"h=\",h"
+    "print\"h=\",h\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -388,6 +483,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -414,7 +513,23 @@
     "#E is the burn out voltage\n",
     "print\"The burn out voltage in Volts is  \"\n",
     "E=(qc*A)/I\n",
-    "print\"E=\",E"
+    "print\"E=\",E\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -443,6 +558,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -468,7 +587,20 @@
     "print\"Heat flux q in W/m**2 is\"\n",
     "q=(mul*hfg)*(((rhol-rhov)*g)/sigma)**(1/2)*((cpl*(T1-T2))/(csf*hfg*Prl**n))**3 \n",
     "print\"The peak heat flux for water at one atmospheric pressure is qc=1.24*10**6(found in example 9.6).Since q<qc,The regime of boiling is nucleate.\"\n",
-    "print\"q=\",q"
+    "print\"q=\",q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -480,7 +612,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -495,11 +627,15 @@
       "The surface temprature in °C is\n",
       "Tw= 120.0\n",
       "The value of the coefficient csf is \n",
-      "csf= 0.0214423761571\n"
+      "csf= 0.0151329179422\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
+    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -540,8 +676,30 @@
     "#Now we use following equation to determine csf,q=(mul*hfg)*(((rhol-rhov)*g)/sigma1)**(1/2)*((cpl*(Tw-T))/(csf*hfg*Prl**n))**3 \n",
     "#Manipulating above equation to find csf we get csf=((cpl*(Tw-T))/(((q/((mul*hfg)*(((rhol-rhov)*g)/sigma1)**(1/2))**(1/3))*hfg*Prl**n))\n",
     "print\"The value of the coefficient csf is \"\n",
-    "csf=((cpl*(Tw-T))/(((q/((mul*hfg)*(((rhol-rhov)*g)/sigma1)**(1/2)))**(1/3))*hfg*Prl**n))#[NOTE:The answer in the book is incorrect.(Calcultion mistake)]\n",
-    "print\"csf=\",csf"
+    "csf=((cpl*(Tw-T))/(((q/((mul*hfg)*(((rhol-rhov)*g)/sigma1)**(1.0/2)))**(1.0/3))*hfg*Prl**n))#[NOTE:The answer in the book is incorrect.(Calcultion mistake)]\n",
+    "print\"csf=\",csf\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_C.ipynb b/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix.ipynb
index d2f0522f..d2f0522f 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_C.ipynb
+++ b/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_A.ipynb b/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_A.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 352d2566..00000000
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_A.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,517 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Appendix A"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('Temperature T2  =  %.1f K', 556.4270854641527)\n",
-      "(' Compressor work  =  %.1f kJ/kg ', 269.2999938060093)\n",
-      "(' Temperature T3  =  %.1f K', 1373.2)\n",
-      "(' Temperature T4  =  %.1f K', 711.24546295203)\n",
-      "(' Turbine work  =  %.1f kJ/kg', 664.6023551961619)\n",
-      "(' Net work  =  %.1f kJ/kg', 395.30236139015256)\n",
-      "(' Thermal Efficiency of cycle  =  %.1f percent', 48.205253207687875)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 12.1\n",
-    "'''  '''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\t\t#1-Inlet for compressor\n",
-    "\t\t#2-Exit for compressor\n",
-    "\t\t#T-Temperature at a state\n",
-    "\t\t#P-Pressure at a state\n",
-    "T1 = 288.2\t\t#K\n",
-    "P2 = 1000\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "P1 = 100\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "k = 1.4\n",
-    "T2 = T1*(P2/P1)**(1-1/k)\t\t#K\n",
-    "Cp = 1.004\t\t#Specific heat at constant pressure in kJ/kg\n",
-    "wc = Cp*(T2-T1)\t\t#compressor work in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print ('Temperature T2  =  %.1f K',T2)\n",
-    "print (' Compressor work  =  %.1f kJ/kg ',wc)\n",
-    "\t\t#3-Turbine Inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#4-Turbine Exit\n",
-    "P4 = P1\n",
-    "P3 = P2\n",
-    "T3 = 1373.2\t\t#K\n",
-    "T4 = T3*(P4/P3)**(1-1/k)\t\t#K\n",
-    "wt = Cp*(T3-T4)\n",
-    "wnet = wt-wc\n",
-    "print (' Temperature T3  =  %.1f K',T3)\n",
-    "print (' Temperature T4  =  %.1f K',T4)\n",
-    "print (' Turbine work  =  %.1f kJ/kg',wt)\n",
-    "print (' Net work  =  %.1f kJ/kg',wt-wc)\n",
-    "\t\t#2-Also high temperature heat exchanger Inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#3-(-do-) Exit\n",
-    "qh = Cp*(T3-T2)\t\t#Heat of source in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\t\t#4-high temp heat exchanger inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#1-(-do-) Exit\n",
-    "ql = Cp*(T4-T1)\t\t#Heat of sink in kJ/kg\n",
-    "nth = wnet/qh\n",
-    "print (' Thermal Efficiency of cycle  =  %.1f percent',nth*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('Temperature T2  =  %.1f K', 623.4838568301909)\n",
-      "(' Compressor work  =  %.1f kJ/kg ', 336.6249922575117)\n",
-      "(' Temperature T3  =  %.1f K', 1373.2)\n",
-      "(' Temperature T4  =  %.1f K', 810.5386435092256)\n",
-      "(' Turbine work  =  %.1f kJ/kg', 564.9120019167375)\n",
-      "(' Net work  =  %.1f kJ/kg', 228.28700965922582)\n",
-      "(' Thermal Efficiency of cycle  =  %.1f percent', 30.32847854912508)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 12.2\n",
-    "'''  '''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "\t\t#Standard brayton cycle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\t\t#Calculation mistake in book\n",
-    "\t\t#1-Inlet for compressor\n",
-    "\t\t#2-Exit for compressor\n",
-    "\t\t#T-Temperature at a state\n",
-    "\t\t#P-Pressure at a state\n",
-    "T1 = 288.2\t\t#K\n",
-    "P2 = 1000\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "P1 = 100\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "k = 1.4\n",
-    "T2s = T1*(P2/P1)**(1-1/k)\t\t#K\n",
-    "nc = .80\t\t#Compressor Efficiency\n",
-    "T2 = T1+(T2s-T1)/0.80\n",
-    "Cp = 1.004\t\t#Specific heat at constant pressure in kJ/kg\n",
-    "wc = Cp*(T2-T1)\t\t#compressor work in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print ('Temperature T2  =  %.1f K',T2)\n",
-    "print (' Compressor work  =  %.1f kJ/kg ',wc)\n",
-    "\t\t#3-Turbine Inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#4-Turbine Exit\n",
-    "P4 = P1\n",
-    "P3 = P2\n",
-    "T3 = 1373.2\t\t#K\n",
-    "T4s = T3*(P4/P3)**(1-1/k)\t\t#K\n",
-    "nt = 0.85\t\t#turbine Efficiency\n",
-    "T4 = T3-(T3-T4s)*0.85\n",
-    "wt = Cp*(T3-T4)\n",
-    "wnet = wt-wc\n",
-    "print (' Temperature T3  =  %.1f K',T3)\n",
-    "print (' Temperature T4  =  %.1f K',T4)\n",
-    "print (' Turbine work  =  %.1f kJ/kg',wt)\n",
-    "print (' Net work  =  %.1f kJ/kg',wt-wc)\n",
-    "\t\t#2-Also high temperature heat exchanger Inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#3-(-do-) Exit\n",
-    "qh = Cp*(T3-T2)\t\t#Heat of source in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\t\t#4-high temp heat exchanger inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#1-(-do-) Exit\n",
-    "ql = Cp*(T4-T1)\t\t#Heat of sink in kJ/kg\n",
-    "nth = wnet/qh\n",
-    "print (' Thermal Efficiency of cycle  =  %.1f percent',nth*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('Thermal efficiency  =  %.1f percent', 59.42413919202417)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 12.3\n",
-    "'''  '''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "wnet = 395.2\t\t#kJ/kg from example no 1\n",
-    "\t\t#Tx = T4\n",
-    "Tx = 710.8\t\t#K from example no 1\n",
-    "T3 = 1373.2\t\t#K from example no 1\n",
-    "Cp = 1.004\t\t#specific heat in kJ/kg \n",
-    "qh = Cp*(T3-Tx)\n",
-    "nth = wnet/qh\n",
-    "print ('Thermal efficiency  =  %.1f percent',nth*100) "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('Isothermal work in compressor  =  %.1f kJ/kg ', -190.4546418308537)\n",
-      "(' Isothermal work in turbine  =  %.1f kJ/kg', 907.4681268637344)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 12.4\n",
-    "'''  '''\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R = 0.287\t\t#gas constant \n",
-    "T1 = 288.2\t\t#compressor temperature K\n",
-    "T2 = 1373.2\t\t#K turbine temperature K\n",
-    "\t\t#Pe/Pi = c = 10, Pi/Pe = 1/c from example 12.1\n",
-    "c = 10\n",
-    "wc = -R*T1*log(c)\n",
-    "print ('Isothermal work in compressor  =  %.1f kJ/kg ',wc)\n",
-    "wt = -R*T2*log(1/c)\n",
-    "print (' Isothermal work in turbine  =  %.1f kJ/kg',wt) "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('Velocity of air leaving the nozel  =  %.0f m/s', 889.4375751001304)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 12.5\n",
-    "'''  '''\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\t\t#1-compressor inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#2-Compressor exit\n",
-    "\t\t#P-Pressure at given point\n",
-    "\t\t#T-Temperature at given point\n",
-    "P1 = 100\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "P2 = 1000\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "T1 = 288.2\t\t#K\n",
-    "T2 = 556.8\t\t#K\n",
-    "wc = 269.5\t\t#from ex 12.1 work done in compressor in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\t\t#2-Burner inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#3-Burner exit\n",
-    "P3 = 1000\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "T3 = 1373.2\t\t#K\n",
-    "\t\t#wc = wt\n",
-    "Cp = 1.004\t\t#specific enthalpy of heat at constant pressure in kJ/kg\n",
-    "k = 1.4\n",
-    "T4 = T3-wc/Cp\n",
-    "P4 = P3*(T4/T3)**(1-1/k)\n",
-    "\t\t#from s4 = s5 and h4 = h5+v2/2 we get\n",
-    "T5 = 710.8\t\t#K, from second law\n",
-    "v = sqrt(2*Cp*1000*(T4-T5))\t\t#m/s\n",
-    "print ('Velocity of air leaving the nozel  =  %.0f m/s',v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('Coefficient of performance  =  %.3f ', 1.712857850240205)\n",
-      "(' Rate at which the air enter the compressor  =  %.3f kg/s ', 0.013985866348928795)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 12.6\n",
-    "'''  '''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\t\t#1-compressor inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#2-compressor exit\n",
-    "P1 = 100\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "P2 = 500\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "k = 1.4\n",
-    "rp = P2/P1\n",
-    "cop = (rp**(1-1/k)-1)**-1\n",
-    "print ('Coefficient of performance  =  %.3f ',cop)\n",
-    "\t\t#3-Expander inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#4-Expander exit\n",
-    "P3 = P2\n",
-    "P4 = P1\n",
-    "T3 = 288.23\t\t#K, given and fixed\n",
-    "T4 = T3/(P3/P4)**(1-1/k)\n",
-    "T1 = 253.2\t\t#K, given\n",
-    "Cp = 1.004\t\t#Specific heat at cons pressure in kJ/kg\n",
-    "ql = Cp*(T1-T4)\t\t#heat released in kJ/kg\n",
-    "P = 1\t\t#power required in kW \n",
-    "ms = P/ql\t\t#kg/s\n",
-    "print (' Rate at which the air enter the compressor  =  %.3f kg/s ',ms) "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Temperature at compressor exit, T2  =  %.1f K  723.925669561\n",
-      " Pressure at compressor exit, P2  =  %.3f MPa   2.51188643151\n",
-      " Initial Temperature during heat additon process, T3  =  %.0f K  3234.38592061\n",
-      " Initial pressure during heat addition process, P3  =  %.3f MPa  11.222713118\n",
-      "  Final temperature during heat addition process, T4  =  %.1f K  1287.63222733\n",
-      " Final pressure during heat addition process, P4  =  %.4f MPa  0.446784256534\n",
-      " Thermal efficiency  =  %.1f percent  96.0189282945\n",
-      " Mean effective pressure  =  %.0f kPa  1455.36957602\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 12.7\n",
-    "'''  '''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\t\t#1-compressor inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#2-compressor exit\n",
-    "P1 = 100\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "T1 = 288.2\t\t#K\n",
-    "R = 0.287\t\t#gas constant\n",
-    "v1 = R*T1/P1\t\t#specific volume at inlet in m**3/kg\n",
-    "rv = 10\t\t#compression ratio given\n",
-    "k = 1.4\t\t#constant\n",
-    "T2 = T1*rv**(k-1)\t\t#K\n",
-    "print 'Temperature at compressor exit, T2  =  %.1f K ',T2\n",
-    "P2 = P1*rv**k\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "print ' Pressure at compressor exit, P2  =  %.3f MPa  ',P2/1000\n",
-    "v2 = v1/rv\t\t#specific heat at exit in m**3/kg\n",
-    "\t\t#23-heat addition process\n",
-    "\t\t#q23 = Cv*(T3-T2) = 1800 kJ/kg given\n",
-    "q23 = 1800\t\t#kJ/kg heat addition, given\n",
-    "Cv = 0.717\t\t#specific heat at constant volume in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T3 = T2+q23/Cv\t\t#K\n",
-    "print ' Initial Temperature during heat additon process, T3  =  %.0f K ',T3\n",
-    "P3 = P2*(T3/T2)\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "print  ' Initial pressure during heat addition process, P3  =  %.3f MPa ',P3/1000\n",
-    "r = 10\t\t#k = V4/V3 = P3/P4\n",
-    "T4 = T3*(1/r)**(k-1)\n",
-    "print '  Final temperature during heat addition process, T4  =  %.1f K ',T4\n",
-    "P4 = P3/r**k\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "print ' Final pressure during heat addition process, P4  =  %.4f MPa ',P4/1000\n",
-    "nth = 1-1/r**k\t\t#thermal efficiency\n",
-    "print ' Thermal efficiency  =  %.1f percent ',nth*100\n",
-    "q41 = Cv*(T1-T4)\t\t#/heat for process 4-1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "wnet = q23+q41\n",
-    "mep = wnet/(v1-v2)\t\t#effective mean pressure n kPa\n",
-    "print ' Mean effective pressure  =  %.0f kPa ',mep"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Temperature at compressor exit, T2  =  %.1f K  955.225647797\n",
-      " Pressure at compressor exit, P2  =  %.3f MPa   6.62890803468\n",
-      " Initial Temperature during heat addition process, T3  =  %.0f K  2748.05433306\n",
-      " Final temperature during heat addition process, T4  =  %.0f K  1265.26371322\n",
-      " Thermal efficiency  =  %.1f percent  61.0802954233\n",
-      " Mean effective pressure  =  %.0f kPa  1399.18182622\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 12.8\n",
-    "'''  '''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\t\t#1-compressor inlet\n",
-    "\t\t#2-compressor exit\n",
-    "P1 = 100\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "T1 = 288.2\t\t#K\n",
-    "R = 0.287\t\t#gas constant\n",
-    "v1 = R*T1/P1\t\t#specific volume at inlet in m**3/kg\n",
-    "rv = 20\t\t#compression ratio given\n",
-    "k = 1.4\t\t#constant\n",
-    "T2 = T1*rv**(k-1)\t\t#K\n",
-    "print 'Temperature at compressor exit, T2  =  %.1f K ',T2\n",
-    "P2 = P1*rv**k\t\t#kPa\n",
-    "print ' Pressure at compressor exit, P2  =  %.3f MPa  ',P2/1000\n",
-    "v2 = v1/rv\t\t#specific heat at exit in m**3/kg\n",
-    "\t\t#23-heat addition process\n",
-    "\t\t#q23 = Cv*(T3-T2) = 1800 kJ/kg given\n",
-    "q23 = 1800\t\t#kJ/kg heat addition, given\n",
-    "Cv = .717\n",
-    "Cp = 1.004\t\t#specific heat at constant pressure in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T3 = T2+q23/Cp\t\t#K\n",
-    "print ' Initial Temperature during heat addition process, T3  =  %.0f K ',T3\n",
-    "r = T3/T2\t\t#T3/T2 = V3/V2 = r\n",
-    "v3 = r*v2\n",
-    "T4 = T3/(v1/v3)**(k-1)\n",
-    "print ' Final temperature during heat addition process, T4  =  %.0f K ',T4\n",
-    "q41 = Cv*(T1-T4)\t\t#/heat for process 4-1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "wnet = q23+q41\n",
-    "mep = wnet/(v1-v2)\t\t#effective mean pressure in kPa\n",
-    "qh = 1800\t\t#heat transfer in kJ/kg\n",
-    "nth = wnet/qh\t\t#thermal efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print ' Thermal efficiency  =  %.1f percent ',nth*100\n",
-    "print ' Mean effective pressure  =  %.0f kPa ',mep"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.6"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_B.ipynb b/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_B.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 283ba0a6..00000000
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_B.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,290 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Appendix B"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mass of vapour:  2.77 Kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 13.3\n",
-    "'''Consider 100 m 3 of an air–water vapor mixture at 0.1 MPa, 35◦C, and 70% relative\n",
-    "humidity. Calculate the humidity ratio, dew point, mass of air, and mass of vapor.'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "r = 0.70\t\t\t#relative humidity\n",
-    "Pg = 5.628\t\t\t#saturation pressure in kPa\n",
-    "P = 100\t\t\t\t#net pressure kPa \n",
-    "V = 100\t\t\t\t#volume in m**3\n",
-    "Ra = 0.287\t\t\t#gas constant for water vapour\n",
-    "T = 308.2\t\t\t#Temperature in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "Pv = r*Pg\t\t\t#vapour pressure in kPa\n",
-    "Pa = P-Pv\t\t\t#Partial pressure of air\n",
-    "w = 0.622*Pv/Pa\t\t#humidity ratio formula\n",
-    "ma = Pa*V/(Ra*T)\t#mass in kg\n",
-    "mv = w*ma\t\t\t#mass of vapour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Mass of vapour: ', round(mv,2),'Kg'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mass of vapour condense 2.175 Kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 13.4\n",
-    "'''Calculate the amount of water vapor condensed if the mixture of Example 13.3 is cooled\n",
-    "to 5◦C in a constant-pressure process.'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "w1 = 0.0255\t\t#w1 = w, humidity ratio at initial temperature\n",
-    "ma = 108.6\t\t#mass of air in kg\n",
-    "P = 100\t\t\t#kPa net pressure\n",
-    "Pg2 = 0.8721\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "Pv2 = Pg2\n",
-    "w2 = 0.622*Pv2/(P-Pg2)\n",
-    "mc = ma*(w1-w2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Mass of vapour condense',round(mc,3) ,'Kg'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat transferred per unit mass:  -41.65  kJ/kg of dry air\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 13.5\n",
-    "''' An air-conditioning unit is shown in Fig. 13.5, with pressure, temperature, and relative\n",
-    "humidity data. Calculate the heat transfer per kilogram of dry air, assuming that changes\n",
-    "in kinetic energy are negligible.'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "r1 = 0.80\t\t\t\t#realtive humidity at state 1\n",
-    "Pg1 = 4.246\t\t\t\t#saturation pressure of vapour in kPa\n",
-    "P1 = 105\t\t\t\t#net pressure at state 1 in kPa\n",
-    "P2 = 100\t\t\t\t#net pressure at state 2 in kPa\n",
-    "r2 = 0.95\t\t\t\t#relative humidity at state 2\n",
-    "Pg2 = 1.7051\t\t\t#saturation pressure of vapour in kPa\n",
-    "T1 = 30\t\t\t\t\t#C\n",
-    "T2 = 15\t\t\t\t\t#C\n",
-    "Cp = 1.004\t\t\t\t#specific heat of water vapour in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hv2 = 2528.9\t\t\t#enthalpy of vapourisation of vapour in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hv1 = 2556.3\t\t\t#enthalpy of vapourisation of vapour in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hl2 = 62.99\t\t\t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "Pv1 = r1*Pg1\t\t\t#partial pressure of vapour in kPa\n",
-    "w1 = 0.622*Pv1/(P1-Pv1)\t#humidity ratio at state 1\n",
-    "Pv2 = r2*Pg2\t\t\t#partial pressure of vapour in kPa\n",
-    "w2 = 0.622*Pv2/(P2-Pv2)\t#humidity ratio at state 2\n",
-    "q = Cp*(T2-T1)+w2*hv2-w1*hv1+hl2*(w1-w2)\t\t#kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Heat transferred per unit mass: ',round(q,2),' kJ/kg of dry air'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat transferred -339.1 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 13.6\n",
-    "''' A tank has a volume of 0.5 m 3 and contains nitrogen and water vapor. The temperature\n",
-    "of the mixture is 50◦C, and the total pressure is 2 MPa. The partial pressure of the water\n",
-    "vapor is 5 kPa. Calculate the heat transfer when the contents of the tank are cooled to\n",
-    "10◦C.'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "Pn2 = 1995\t\t\t\t#Pressure of nitrogen in kPa\n",
-    "V = 0.5\t\t\t\t\t#Volume in m**3\n",
-    "Rn2 = 0.2968\t\t\t#Gas constant for nitrogen in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "Rv = 0.4615\t\t\t\t#gas constant for vapour\n",
-    "T1 = 323.2\t\t\t\t#Temperature in K\n",
-    "T2 = 283.2\t\t\t\t#Temperature in K\n",
-    "Pv1 = 5\t\t\t\t\t#Pressure of water vapour in kPa at state 1\n",
-    "Pv2 = 1.2276\t\t\t#Pressure of water vapour in kPa at state 2\n",
-    "uv1 = 2443.1\t\t\t#specific internal energy of vapour in kJ/kg at state 1\n",
-    "uv2 = 2389.2\t\t\t#specific internal energy of vapour in kJ/kg at state 2\n",
-    "ul2 = 42.0\t\t\t\t#specific internal energy of liquid water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Cv = 0.745\t\t\t\t#specific heat at constant volume in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "mn2 = Pn2*V/(Rn2*T1)\t#mass of nitrogen\n",
-    "mv1 = Pv1*V/(Rv*T1)\t\t#mass of vapour in kg\n",
-    "mv2 = Pv2*V/(Rv*T2)\t\t#mass of vapour in kg\n",
-    "ml2 = mv1-mv2\t\t\t#mass of liquid condensed n kg\n",
-    "Q = mn2*Cv*(T2-T1)+mv2*uv2+ml2*ul2-mv1*uv1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Heat transferred',round(Q,1),'kJ'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Relative humidity:  0.0107\n",
-      "Humidity ratio:  0.399\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 13.7\n",
-    "'''The pressure of the mixture entering and leaving the adiabatic saturator is 0.1 MPa, the\n",
-    "entering temperature is 30◦C, and the temperature leaving is 20◦C, which is the adiabatic\n",
-    "saturation temperature. Calculate the humidity ratio and relative humidity of the air–water\n",
-    "vapor mixture entering.'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "P = 100\t\t\t\t#net pressure n kPa \n",
-    "Pg2 = 2.339\t\t\t#saturation pressure of vapour in kPa\n",
-    "Cpa = 1.004\t\t\t#specific heat n kJ/kg/K\n",
-    "T2 = 20\t\t\t\t#final temp in C\n",
-    "T1 = 30\t\t\t\t#initial temp in C\n",
-    "Hfg2 = 2454.1\t\t#specific heat difference at state 2 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hv1 = 2556.3\t\t#enthalpy of water vapour at state 1 in kJ/kg\n",
-    "hl2 = 83.96\t\t\t#enthalpy of liquid water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Pg1 = 4.246\t\t\t#saturation pressure at state 1 in kPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "Pv2 = Pg2\t\t\t#partial pressure of vapour\n",
-    "w2 = 0.622*Pv2/(P-Pg2)\n",
-    "w1 = (Cpa*(T2-T1)+w2*Hfg2)/(hv1-hl2)\n",
-    "Pv1 = 100*w1/(0.622+w1)\n",
-    "r = Pv1/Pg1\t\t\t#humidity ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Relative humidity: ',round(w1,4)\n",
-    "print 'Humidity ratio: ',round(r,3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.6"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_D.ipynb b/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_D.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 91a87652..00000000
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_D.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,125 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Appendix D"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in gibbs free energy at 298K : 457.179 KJ\n",
-      "Change in gibbs free energy at 298K : 271.04 KJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 16.2\n",
-    "'''Determine the value of \u0002G0 for the reaction 2H2O \u0003\u0004 2H2 + O2 at 25◦C and at 2000 K,\n",
-    "with the water in the gaseous phase.'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Keys:\n",
-    "#1-H2\n",
-    "#2-O2\n",
-    "#3-H2O\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "def dG(T1,Hf1,Hf2,Hf3,Sf1,Sf2,sf3):\n",
-    "\tdH = 2*Hf1+Hf2-2*Hf3\t#Change in enthalpy in kJ\n",
-    "\tdS = 2*Sf1+Sf2-2*sf3 \t#Change in entropy in J/K\n",
-    "\tdG = dH-T1*dS/1000\t#change n gibbs free energy in kJ\n",
-    "\treturn dG\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Change in gibbs free energy at 298K :',round(dG(298,0, 0, -241.826, 130.678,205.148,188.834),3),\"KJ\"\n",
-    "print 'Change in gibbs free energy at 298K :',round(dG(2000,52.942, 59.176, -241.826+72.788,188.419,268.748,264.769),3),\"KJ\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equilibrium constant at 298K:  -184.51\n",
-      "Equilibrium constant at 2000K:  -16.299\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 16.3\n",
-    "'''Determine the equilibrium constant K, expressed as ln K, for the reaction 2H2O <--->\n",
-    "2H2 + O2 at 25◦C and at 2000 K.'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "dG1 = -457.166\t\t\t#change in gibbs free energy at temp 298 K from example2 in kJ\n",
-    "dG2 = -271.040\t\t\t#change in gibbs free energy at temp 2000 K from example2 n kJ\n",
-    "T1 = 298\t\t\t\t#K\n",
-    "T2 = 2000\t\t\t\t#K\n",
-    "R = 8.3145\t\t\t\t#gas constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "K1 = dG1*1000/(R*T1)\n",
-    "K2 = dG2*1000/(R*T2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant at 298K: ',round(K1,2)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant at 2000K: ',round(K2,3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.6"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_E.ipynb b/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_E.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index f6035999..00000000
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/Appendix_E.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,421 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Appendix E"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stagnation Temperature:  319.9 K\n",
-      "Stagnation Pressure: 187.9 KPa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 17.1\n",
-    "'''Air flows in a duct at a pressure of 150 kPa with a velocity of 200 m/s. The temperature\n",
-    "of the air is 300 K. Determine the isentropic stagnation pressure and temperature.'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "T = 300\t\t\t\t\t#Temperature of air in K\n",
-    "P = 150\t\t\t\t\t#Pressure of air in kPa\n",
-    "v = 200\t\t\t\t\t#velocity of air flow n m/s\n",
-    "Cp = 1.004\t\t\t\t#specific heat at constant pressure in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "To = v**2/(2000*Cp)+T\t#stagnation temperature in K\n",
-    "k = 1.4\t\t       \t\t#constant\n",
-    "Po = P*(To/T)**(k/(k-1))#stagnation pressure in kPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Stagnation Temperature: ',round(To,1),'K'\n",
-    "print 'Stagnation Pressure:',round(Po,1),'KPa'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thrust acting in x direction:  10.68 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 17.3\n",
-    "'''A jet engine is being tested on a test stand (Fig. 17.5). The inlet area to the compressor is\n",
-    "0.2 m2, and air enters the compressor at 95 kPa, 100 m/s. The pressure of the atmosphere\n",
-    "is 100 kPa. The exit area of the engine is 0.1 m2, and the products of combustion leave the\n",
-    "exit plane at a pressure of 125 kPa and a velocity of 450 m/s. The air–fuel ratio is 50 kg\n",
-    "air/kg fuel, and the fuel enters with a low velocity. The rate of air flow entering the engine\n",
-    "is 20 kg/s. Determine the thrust, Rx, on the engine.'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Keys\n",
-    "#i = inlet\n",
-    "#e = exit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "#using momentum equation on control surface in x direction\n",
-    "me = 20.4\t\t#mass exiting in kg\n",
-    "mi = 20\t\t\t#mass entering in kg\n",
-    "ve = 450\t\t#exit velocity in m/s\n",
-    "vi = 100\t\t#exit velocity in m/s\n",
-    "Pi = 95\t\t\t#Pressure at inlet in kPa\n",
-    "Pe = 125\t\t#Pressure at exit in kPa\n",
-    "Po = 100\t\t#surrounding pressure in kPa\n",
-    "Ai = 0.2\t\t#inlet area in m**2\n",
-    "Ae = 0.1\t\t#exit area in m**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "Rx = (me*ve-mi*vi)/1000-(Pi-Po)*Ai+(Pe-Po)*Ae\t\t#thrust in x direction in kN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Thrust acting in x direction: ',Rx,'KN' "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of sound at 300K:  347.2 m/s\n",
-      "Speed of sound at 1000K:  633.9 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Example: 17.5\n",
-    "'''Determine the velocity of sound in air at 300 K and at 1000 K.'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "k = 1.4\t\t\t#constant\n",
-    "R = 0.287\t\t#gas constant\n",
-    "#At 300K\n",
-    "T1 = 300\t\t#K\n",
-    "T2 = 1000\t\t#K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "c1 = sqrt(k*R*T1*1000)\n",
-    "c2 = sqrt(k*R*T2*1000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Speed of sound at 300K: ',round(c1,1),'m/s'\n",
-    "print 'Speed of sound at 1000K: ',round(c2,1),'m/s'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mass flow rate at the throat section:  1.0646 Kg/s\n",
-      "Mass flow rate at the exit section:  0.8711 Kg/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Example: 17.6\n",
-    "'''A convergent nozzle has an exit area of 500 mm2. Air enters the nozzle with a stagnation\n",
-    "pressure of 1000 kPa and a stagnation temperature of 360 K. Determine the mass rate of\n",
-    "flow for back pressures of 800 kPa, 528 kPa, and 300 kPa, assuming isentropic flow'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "k = 1.4\t\t\t\t#constant\n",
-    "R = 0.287\t\t\t#gas constant\n",
-    "To = 360\t\t\t#stagnation Temperature in K \n",
-    "P = 528\t\t\t\t#stagnation pressure in kPa\n",
-    "A = 500*10**-6\t\t#area in m**2\n",
-    "Me = 0.573\t\t\t#Mach number\n",
-    "Pe = 800\t\t\t#exit pressure in kPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "T = To*0.8333\t\t#Temperature of air in K, 0.8333 stagnation ratio from table\n",
-    "v = sqrt(k*R*T*1000)#velocity in m/s\n",
-    "d = P/(R*T)\t\t\t#stagnation density in kg/m**3\n",
-    "ms = d*A*v\t\t\t#mass flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Te = To*0.9381\t\t#exit temperature in K, ratio from table\n",
-    "ce = sqrt(k*R*Te*1000)#exit velocity of sound in m/s\n",
-    "ve = Me*ce\n",
-    "de = Pe/R/Te\n",
-    "mse = de*A*ve\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Mass flow rate at the throat section: ',round(ms,4),'Kg/s'\n",
-    "print 'Mass flow rate at the exit section: ',round(mse,4),'Kg/s'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "__When diverging section act as a nozzle__\n",
-      "Exit pressure:  93.9 Kpa\n",
-      "Exit Temperature:  183.2 K\n",
-      "Exit velocity:  596.1 m/s\n",
-      "__When diverging section act as a diffuser__\n",
-      "Exit pressure:  93.6 Kpa\n",
-      "Exit Temperature:  353.2 K\n",
-      "Exit velocity:  116.0 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Example: 17.7\n",
-    "'''A converging-diverging nozzle has an exit area to throat area ratio of 2. Air enters this\n",
-    "nozzle with a stagnation pressure of 1000 kPa and a stagnation temperature of 360 K. The\n",
-    "throat area is 500 mm2. Determine the mass rate of flow, exit pressure, exit temperature,\n",
-    "exit Mach number, and exit velocity for the following conditions:\n",
-    "a. Sonic velocity at the throat, diverging section acting as a nozzle.\n",
-    "(Corresponds to point d in Fig. 17.13.)\n",
-    "b. Sonic velocity at the throat, diverging section acting as a diffuser.\n",
-    "(Corresponds to point c in Fig. 17.13.)'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "Po = 1000\t\t      \t#stagnation pressure in kPa\n",
-    "To = 360\t\t      \t#stagnation temperature in K\n",
-    "#when diverging section acting as nozzle\n",
-    "Pe1 = 0.0939*Po\t\t\t#exit pressure of air in kPa\n",
-    "Te1 = 0.5089*To\t\t\t#exit temperature in K\n",
-    "k = 1.4\t\t      \t\t#constant\n",
-    "R = 0.287\t\t      \t#gas constant for air\n",
-    "Me = 2.197\t\t      \t#mach number from table\n",
-    "#when diverging section act as diffuser\n",
-    "Me2 = 0.308\n",
-    "Pe2 = 0.0936*Po\t\t#exit pressure of air in kPa\n",
-    "Te2 = 0.9812*To\t\t#exit temperature in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "ce = sqrt(k*R*Te1*1000)\t#velocity of sound in exit section in m/s\n",
-    "ve1 = Me*ce\t\t\t\t#velocity of air at exit section in m/s\n",
-    "ce = sqrt(k*R*Te2*1000)\t\t#velocity of sound in exit section in m/s\n",
-    "ve2 = Me2*ce\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print '__When diverging section act as a nozzle__'\n",
-    "print 'Exit pressure: ',round(Pe1,1),\"Kpa\"\n",
-    "print 'Exit Temperature: ',round(Te1,1),\"K\"\n",
-    "print 'Exit velocity: ',round(ve1,1),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "print '__When diverging section act as a diffuser__'\n",
-    "print 'Exit pressure: ',round(Pe2,1),\"Kpa\"\n",
-    "print 'Exit Temperature: ',round(Te2,1),\"K\"\n",
-    "print 'Exit velocity: ',round(ve2,1),\"m/s\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Static Pressure in downstream:  512.7 Kpa\n",
-      "Static Temperature in downstream:  339.7 K\n",
-      "Stagnation Pressure in downstream:  630.0 Kpa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 17.8\n",
-    "'''Consider the convergent-divergent nozzle of Example 17.7, in which the diverging section\n",
-    "acts as a supersonic nozzle (Fig. 17.16). Assume that a normal shock stands in the exit\n",
-    "plane of the nozzle. Determine the static pressure and temperature and the stagnation\n",
-    "pressure just downstream of the normal shock.'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration:\n",
-    "Px = 93.9 \t\t\t#Static Pressure in Upstream(Kpa)\n",
-    "Tx = 183.2 \t\t\t#Static Temperature in Upstream(K)\n",
-    "Pox = 1000\t\t\t#Total Pressure in Upstream(Kpa)\n",
-    "Mx = 2.197\t\t\t#X-direction Mach No (Using table A.13)\n",
-    "My = 0.547\t\t\t#Y-direction Mach No (Using table A.13)\n",
-    "rP = 5.46\t\t\t#Py/Px (Using table A.13)\n",
-    "rT = 1.854\t\t\t#Ty/Tx (Using table A.13)\n",
-    "rPo = 0.63\t\t\t#Poy/Pox (Using table A.13)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "Py = rP*Px\n",
-    "Ty = rT*Tx\n",
-    "Poy = rPo*Pox\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Static Pressure in downstream: ',round(Py,1),'Kpa'\n",
-    "print 'Static Temperature in downstream: ',round(Ty,1),'K'\n",
-    "print 'Stagnation Pressure in downstream: ',round(Poy,1),'Kpa'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Exit pressure:  669.6 Kpa\n",
-      "Exit temperature:  327.8 K\n",
-      "Exit stagnation pressure:  929.8 Kpa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# -*- coding: utf8 -*-\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Example: 17.9\n",
-    "'''Consider the convergent-divergent nozzle of Examples 17.7 and 17.8. Assume that there\n",
-    "is a normal shock wave standing at the point where M = 1.5. Determine the exit-plane\n",
-    "pressure, temperature, and Mach number. Assume isentropic flow except for the normal\n",
-    "shock (Fig. 17.18).'''\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Key\n",
-    "#x = inlet\n",
-    "#y = exit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration: \n",
-    "Mx = 1.5\t\t\t\t#mach number for inlet\n",
-    "My = 0.7011\t\t\t\t#mach number for exit\n",
-    "Px = 272.4\t\t\t\t#inlet pressure in kPa\n",
-    "Tx = 248.3\t\t\t\t#inlet temperature in K\n",
-    "Pox = 1000\t\t\t\t#stagnation pressure for inlet\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations:\n",
-    "Py = 2.4583*Px\t\t\t#Exit Pressure in kPa\n",
-    "Ty = 1.320*Tx\t\t\t#Exit temperature in K\n",
-    "Poy = 0.9298*Pox\t\t#Exit pressure in kPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results:\n",
-    "print 'Exit pressure: ',round(Py,1),\"Kpa\"\n",
-    "print 'Exit temperature: ',round(Ty,1),\"K\"\n",
-    "print 'Exit stagnation pressure: ',round(Poy,1),\"Kpa\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.6"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter2.ipynb b/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 041fa825..00000000
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2242 +0,0 @@
-{


- "metadata": {


-  "name": "",


-  "signature": "sha256:b09908b449bce177d1d3cacfc149e34e397dc10145edae9566d1f15034e47112"


- },


- "nbformat": 3,


- "nbformat_minor": 0,


- "worksheets": [


-  {


-   "cells": [


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 1,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Chapter02:Solution of Algebric and Transcendental Equations"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.1:pg-24"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.1\n",


-      "#bisection method\n",


-      "#page 24\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return math.pow(x,3)-x-1\n",


-      "x1=1\n",


-      "x2=2      #f(1) is negative and f(2) is positive\n",


-      "d=0.0001       #for accuracy of root\n",


-      "c=1\n",


-      "print \"Succesive approximations \\t   x1\\t   \\tx2\\t   \\tm\\t   \\tf(m)\\n\"\n",


-      "while abs(x1-x2)>d:\n",


-      "    \n",


-      "    m=(x1+x2)/2.0\n",


-      "    print \"                          \\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\n\" %(x1,x2,m,f(m))\n",


-      "    if f(m)*f(x1)>0.0:\n",


-      "       x1=m\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "       x2=m \n",


-      "    c=c+1 # to count number of iterations \n",


-      "print \"the solution of equation after %i iteration is %g\" %(c,m)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "Succesive approximations \t   x1\t   \tx2\t   \tm\t   \tf(m)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.000000\t2.000000\t1.500000\t0.875000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.000000\t1.500000\t1.250000\t-0.296875\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.250000\t1.500000\t1.375000\t0.224609\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.250000\t1.375000\t1.312500\t-0.051514\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.312500\t1.375000\t1.343750\t0.082611\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.312500\t1.343750\t1.328125\t0.014576\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.312500\t1.328125\t1.320312\t-0.018711\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.320312\t1.328125\t1.324219\t-0.002128\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.324219\t1.328125\t1.326172\t0.006209\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.324219\t1.326172\t1.325195\t0.002037\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.324219\t1.325195\t1.324707\t-0.000047\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.324707\t1.325195\t1.324951\t0.000995\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.324707\t1.324951\t1.324829\t0.000474\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.324707\t1.324829\t1.324768\t0.000214\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the solution of equation after 15 iteration is 1.32477'\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 4


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.2:pg-25"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.2\n",


-      "#bisection method\n",


-      "#page 25\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return math.pow(x,3)-2*x-5\n",


-      "x1=2 \n",


-      "x2=3   #f(2) is negative and f(3) is positive\n",


-      "d=0.0001   #for accuracy of root\n",


-      "c=1\n",


-      "print \"Succesive approximations \\t   x1\\t   \\tx2\\t   \\tm\\t   \\tf(m)\\n\"\n",


-      "while abs(x1-x2)>d:\n",


-      "    m=(x1+x2)/2.0\n",


-      "    print \"                          \\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\n\" %(x1,x2,m,f(m))\n",


-      "    if f(m)*f(x1)>0:\n",


-      "        x1=m\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        x2=m \n",


-      "    c=c+1;# to count number of iterations \n",


-      "print \"the solution of equation after %i iteration is %0.4g\" %(c,m)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "Succesive approximations \t   x1\t   \tx2\t   \tm\t   \tf(m)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.000000\t3.000000\t2.500000\t5.625000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.000000\t2.500000\t2.250000\t1.890625\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.000000\t2.250000\t2.125000\t0.345703\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.000000\t2.125000\t2.062500\t-0.351318\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.062500\t2.125000\t2.093750\t-0.008942\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.093750\t2.125000\t2.109375\t0.166836\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.093750\t2.109375\t2.101562\t0.078562\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.093750\t2.101562\t2.097656\t0.034714\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.093750\t2.097656\t2.095703\t0.012862\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.093750\t2.095703\t2.094727\t0.001954\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.093750\t2.094727\t2.094238\t-0.003495\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.094238\t2.094727\t2.094482\t-0.000771\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.094482\t2.094727\t2.094604\t0.000592\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t2.094482\t2.094604\t2.094543\t-0.000090\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the solution of equation after 15 iteration is 2.095\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 5


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.3:pg-26"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.3\n",


-      "#bisection method\n",


-      "#page 26\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "     return math.pow(x,3)+math.pow(x,2)+x+7\n",


-      "x1=-3\n",


-      "x2=-2      #f(-3) is negative and f(-2) is positive\n",


-      "d=0.0001   #for accuracy of root\n",


-      "c=1\n",


-      "print \"Succesive approximations \\t   x1\\t   \\tx2\\t   \\tm\\t   \\tf(m)\\n\"\n",


-      "while abs(x1-x2)>d:\n",


-      "    m=(x1+x2)/2.0\n",


-      "    print \"                          \\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\n\" %(x1,x2,m,f(m))\n",


-      "    if f(m)*f(x1)>0:\n",


-      "        x1=m\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        x2=m \n",


-      "    c=c+1  # to count number of iterations \n",


-      "print \"the solution of equation after %i iteration is %0.4g\" %(c,m)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "Succesive approximations \t   x1\t   \tx2\t   \tm\t   \tf(m)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-3.000000\t-2.000000\t-2.500000\t-4.875000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.500000\t-2.000000\t-2.250000\t-1.578125\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.250000\t-2.000000\t-2.125000\t-0.205078\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.125000\t-2.000000\t-2.062500\t0.417725\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.125000\t-2.062500\t-2.093750\t0.111481\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.125000\t-2.093750\t-2.109375\t-0.045498\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.109375\t-2.093750\t-2.101562\t0.033315\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.109375\t-2.101562\t-2.105469\t-0.006010\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.105469\t-2.101562\t-2.103516\t0.013673\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.105469\t-2.103516\t-2.104492\t0.003836\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.105469\t-2.104492\t-2.104980\t-0.001086\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.104980\t-2.104492\t-2.104736\t0.001376\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.104980\t-2.104736\t-2.104858\t0.000145\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t-2.104980\t-2.104858\t-2.104919\t-0.000470\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the solution of equation after 15 iteration is -2.105\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 6


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.4:pg-26"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.4\n",


-      "#bisection method\n",


-      "#page 26\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x*math.exp(x)-1\n",


-      "x1=0 \n",


-      "x2=1  #f(0) is negative and f(1) is positive\n",


-      "d=0.0005   #maximun tolerance value\n",


-      "c=1\n",


-      "print \"Succesive approximations \\t   x1\\t   \\tx2\\t   \\tm\\t   \\ttol\\t    \\tf(m)\\n\"\n",


-      "while abs((x2-x1)/x2)>d:\n",


-      "    m=(x1+x2)/2.0  #tolerance value for each iteration\n",


-      "    tol=((x2-x1)/x2)*100\n",


-      "    print \"                          \\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\n\" %(x1,x2,m,tol,f(m))\n",


-      "    if f(m)*f(x1)>0:\n",


-      "        x1=m\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        x2=m \n",


-      "    c=c+1  # to count number of iterations \n",


-      "print \"the solution of equation after %i iteration is %0.4g\" %(c,m)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "Succesive approximations \t   x1\t   \tx2\t   \tm\t   \ttol\t    \tf(m)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.000000\t1.000000\t0.500000\t100.000000\t-0.175639\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.500000\t1.000000\t0.750000\t50.000000\t0.587750\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.500000\t0.750000\t0.625000\t33.333333\t0.167654\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.500000\t0.625000\t0.562500\t20.000000\t-0.012782\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.562500\t0.625000\t0.593750\t10.000000\t0.075142\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.562500\t0.593750\t0.578125\t5.263158\t0.030619\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.562500\t0.578125\t0.570312\t2.702703\t0.008780\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.562500\t0.570312\t0.566406\t1.369863\t-0.002035\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.566406\t0.570312\t0.568359\t0.684932\t0.003364\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.566406\t0.568359\t0.567383\t0.343643\t0.000662\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.566406\t0.567383\t0.566895\t0.172117\t-0.000687\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.566895\t0.567383\t0.567139\t0.086059\t-0.000013\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the solution of equation after 13 iteration is 0.5671\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 10


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.5:pg-27"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.5\n",


-      "#bisection method\n",


-      "#page 27\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return 4*math.exp(-x)*math.sin(x)-1\n",


-      "x1=0 \n",


-      "x2=0.5  #f(0) is negative and f(1) is positive\n",


-      "d=0.0001    #for accuracy of root\n",


-      "c=1 \n",


-      "print \"Succesive approximations \\t   x1\\t   \\tx2\\t   \\tm\\t   \\t    \\tf(m)\\n\"\n",


-      "while abs(x2-x1)>d:\n",


-      "    m=(x1+x2)/2.0\n",


-      "    print \"                          \\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\n\" %(x1,x2,m,f(m))\n",


-      "    if f(m)*f(x1)>0:\n",


-      "        x1=m\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        x2=m \n",


-      "    c=c+1 # to count number of iterations \n",


-      "print \"the solution of equation after %i iteration is %0.3g\" %(c,m)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "Succesive approximations \t   x1\t   \tx2\t   \tm\t   \t    \tf(m)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.000000\t0.500000\t0.250000\t-0.229286\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.250000\t0.500000\t0.375000\t0.006941\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.250000\t0.375000\t0.312500\t-0.100293\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.312500\t0.375000\t0.343750\t-0.044068\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.343750\t0.375000\t0.359375\t-0.017925\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.359375\t0.375000\t0.367188\t-0.005334\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.367188\t0.375000\t0.371094\t0.000842\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.367188\t0.371094\t0.369141\t-0.002236\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.369141\t0.371094\t0.370117\t-0.000694\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.370117\t0.371094\t0.370605\t0.000075\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.370117\t0.370605\t0.370361\t-0.000310\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.370361\t0.370605\t0.370483\t-0.000118\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.370483\t0.370605\t0.370544\t-0.000022\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the solution of equation after 14 iteration is 0.371\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 11


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.6:pg-28"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.6\n",


-      "#false position method\n",


-      "#page 28\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x**3-2*x-5\n",


-      "a=2.0\n",


-      "b=3.0      #f(2) is negative and f(3)is positive\n",


-      "d=0.00001\n",


-      "print \"succesive iterations    \\ta\\t    b\\t    f(a)\\t    f(b)\\t\\  x1\\n\"\n",


-      "for i in range(1,25):\n",


-      "    x1=b*f(a)/(f(a)-f(b))+a*f(b)/(f(b)-f(a))\n",


-      "    if(f(a)*f(x1))>0:\n",


-      "        b=x1\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        a=x1\n",


-      "    if abs(f(x1))<d:\n",


-      "        break\n",


-      "    print \"                        \\t%f  %f  %f  %f  %f\\n\" %(a,b,f(a),f(b),x1)\n",


-      "print \"the root of the equation is  %f\" %(x1)\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "succesive iterations    \ta\t    b\t    f(a)\t    f(b)\t\\  x1\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                        \t2.000000  2.058824  -1.000000  -0.390800  2.058824\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                        \t2.096559  2.058824  0.022428  -0.390800  2.096559\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                        \t2.094511  2.058824  -0.000457  -0.390800  2.094511\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of the equation is  2.094552\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 15


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.7:pg-29"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.7\n",


-      "#false position method\n",


-      "#page 29\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x**2.2-69\n",


-      "a=5.0\n",


-      "b=6.0      #f(5) is negative and f(6)is positive\n",


-      "d=0.00001\n",


-      "print \"succesive iterations    \\ta\\t    b\\t    f(a)\\t    f(b)\\t\\  x1\\n\"\n",


-      "for i in range(1,25):\n",


-      "    x1=b*f(a)/(f(a)-f(b))+a*f(b)/(f(b)-f(a));\n",


-      "    if(f(a)*f(x1))>0:\n",


-      "        b=x1\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        a=x1\n",


-      "    if abs(f(x1))<d:\n",


-      "        break\n",


-      "    print \"                         \\t%f  %f  %f  %f  %f\\n\" %(a,b,f(a),f(b),x1)\n",


-      "print \"the root of the equation is  %f\" %(x1)\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "succesive iterations    \ta\t    b\t    f(a)\t    f(b)\t\\  x1\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                         \t7.027228  6.000000  3.933141  -17.485113  7.027228\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                         \t6.838593  6.000000  -0.304723  -17.485113  6.838593\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                         \t6.853467  6.000000  0.024411  -17.485113  6.853467\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                         \t6.852277  6.000000  -0.001950  -17.485113  6.852277\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                         \t6.852372  6.000000  0.000156  -17.485113  6.852372\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                         \t6.852365  6.000000  -0.000012  -17.485113  6.852365\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of the equation is  6.852365\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 17


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.8:pg-29"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.8\n",


-      "#false position method\n",


-      "#page 29\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return 2*x-log10(x)-7\n",


-      "a=3.0\n",


-      "b=4.0         #f(3) is negative and f(4)is positive\n",


-      "d=0.00001\n",


-      "print \"succesive iterations    \\ta\\t    b\\t    f(a)\\t    f(b)\\t\\  x1\\n\"\n",


-      "for i in range(1,25):\n",


-      "    x1=b*f(a)/(f(a)-f(b))+a*f(b)/(f(b)-f(a))\n",


-      "    if(f(a)*f(x1))>0:\n",


-      "        b=x1\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        a=x1\n",


-      "    if abs(f(x1))<d:\n",


-      "        break\n",


-      "    print \"                          \\t%f  %f  %f  %f  %f\\n\" %(a,b,f(a),f(b),x1)\n",


-      "print \"the root of the equation is  %0.4g\" %(x1)\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "succesive iterations    \ta\t    b\t    f(a)\t    f(b)\t\\  x1\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t3.000000  3.787772  -1.477121  -0.002839  3.787772\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t3.789289  3.787772  0.000021  -0.002839  3.789289\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of the equation is  3.789\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 19


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.9:pg-30"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.9\n",


-      "#false position method\n",


-      "#page 30\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return 4*math.exp(-x)*math.sin(x)-1\n",


-      "a=0.0\n",


-      "b=0.5   #f(0) is negative and f(0.5)is positive\n",


-      "d=0.00001\n",


-      "print \"succesive iterations    \\ta\\t    b\\t    f(a)\\t    f(b)\\t\\  x1\\n\"\n",


-      "for i in range(1,25):\n",


-      "    x1=b*f(a)/(f(a)-f(b))+a*f(b)/(f(b)-f(a))\n",


-      "    if(f(a)*f(x1))>0:\n",


-      "        b=x1\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        a=x1\n",


-      "    if abs(f(x1))<d:\n",


-      "        break\n",


-      "    print \"                          \\t%f  %f  %f  %f  %f\\n\" %(a,b,f(a),f(b),x1)\n",


-      "print \"the root of the equation is  %f\" %(x1)\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "succesive iterations    \ta\t    b\t    f(a)\t    f(b)\t\\  x1\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.429869  0.500000  0.084545  0.163145  0.429869\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.354433  0.500000  -0.026054  0.163145  0.354433\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.374479  0.500000  0.006132  0.163145  0.374479\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.369577  0.500000  -0.001547  0.163145  0.369577\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.370802  0.500000  0.000384  0.163145  0.370802\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.370497  0.500000  -0.000096  0.163145  0.370497\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.370573  0.500000  0.000024  0.163145  0.370573\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of the equation is  0.370554\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 20


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.10:pg-33"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.10\n",


-      "#iteration method\n",


-      "#page 33\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return 1/(math.sqrt(x+1))\n",


-      "x1=0.75\n",


-      "x2=0.0\n",


-      "n=1\n",


-      "d=0.0001 #accuracy opto 10^-4\n",


-      "c=0 #to count no of iterations \n",


-      "print \"successive iterations \\t\\x01\\tf(x1)\\n\"\n",


-      "while abs(x1-x2)>d:\n",


-      "    print \"                       \\t%f    %f\\n\" %(x1,f(x1))\n",


-      "    x2=x1\n",


-      "    x1=f(x1)\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "print \" the root of the eqaution after %i iteration is %0.4g\" %(c,x1)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations \t\u0001\tf(x1)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.750000    0.755929\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.755929    0.754652\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.754652    0.754926\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.754926    0.754867\n",


-        "\n",


-        " the root of the eqaution after 4 iteration is 0.7549\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 23


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.11:pg-34"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.11\n",


-      "#iteration method\n",


-      "#page34\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return cos(x)/2.0+3.0/2.0\n",


-      "x1=1.5    # as roots lies between 3/2 and pi/2\n",


-      "x2=0\n",


-      "d=0.0001  # accuracy opto 10^-4\n",


-      "c=0 # to count no of iterations \n",


-      "print \"successive iterations \\t\\x01\\tf(x1)\\n\"\n",


-      "while abs(x2-x1)>d:\n",


-      "    \n",


-      "    print \"                      \\t%f    %f\\n\" %(x1,f(x1))\n",


-      "    x2=x1\n",


-      "    x1=f(x1)\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "print \" the root of the eqaution after %i iteration is %0.4g\" %(c,x1)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations \t\u0001\tf(x1)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.500000    1.535369\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.535369    1.517710\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.517710    1.526531\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.526531    1.522126\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.522126    1.524326\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.524326    1.523227\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.523227    1.523776\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.523776    1.523502\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.523502    1.523639\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.523639    1.523570\n",


-        "\n",


-        " the root of the eqaution after 10 iteration is 1.524\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 28


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.12:pg-35"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.12\n",


-      "#iteration method\n",


-      "#page 35\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return math.exp(-x)\n",


-      "x1=1.5 # as roots lies between 0 and 1\n",


-      "x2=0\n",


-      "d=0.0001   # accuracy opto 10^-4\n",


-      "c=0    # to count no of iterations \n",


-      "print \"successive iterations \\t   x1 \\t         f(x1)\\n\"\n",


-      "while abs(x2-x1)>d:\n",


-      "    \n",


-      "    print \"                       \\t%f    %f\\n\" %(x1,f(x1))\n",


-      "    x2=x1\n",


-      "    x1=f(x1)\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "print \"  the root of the eqaution after %i iteration is %0.4g\" %(c,x1)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations \t   x1 \t         f(x1)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t1.500000    0.223130\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.223130    0.800011\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.800011    0.449324\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.449324    0.638059\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.638059    0.528317\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.528317    0.589597\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.589597    0.554551\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.554551    0.574330\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.574330    0.563082\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.563082    0.569451\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.569451    0.565836\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.565836    0.567885\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.567885    0.566723\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.566723    0.567382\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.567382    0.567008\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.567008    0.567220\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.567220    0.567100\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t0.567100    0.567168\n",


-        "\n",


-        "  the root of the eqaution after 18 iteration is 0.5672\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 34


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.13:pg-35"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.13\n",


-      "#iteration method\n",


-      "#page 35\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return 1+math.sin(x)/10\n",


-      "x1=1.0      # as roots lies between 1 and pi evident from graph\n",


-      "x2=0\n",


-      "d=0.0001     # accuracy opto 10^-4\n",


-      "c=0    # to count no of iterations \n",


-      "print \"successive iterations \\t   x1 \\t    f(x1)\\n\"\n",


-      "while abs(x2-x1)>d:\n",


-      "    print \"                       \\t%f  %f\\n\" %(x1,f(x1))\n",


-      "    x2=x1\n",


-      "    x1=f(x1)\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "print \" the root of the eqaution after %i iteration is %0.4g\" %(c,x1)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations \t   x1 \t    f(x1)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t1.000000  1.084147\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t1.084147  1.088390\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t1.088390  1.088588\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                       \t1.088588  1.088597\n",


-        "\n",


-        " the root of the eqaution after 4 iteration is 1.089\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 36


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.14:pg-36"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.14\n",


-      "#aitken's process\n",


-      "#page 36\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return 1.5+math.cos(x)/2.0\n",


-      "x0=1.5\n",


-      "y=0\n",


-      "e=0.0001\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "print \"successive iterations     \\t  x0 \\t      x1 \\t       x2 \\t        x3 \\t      y\\n\"\n",


-      "for i in range(1,10):\n",


-      "    x1=f(x0)\n",


-      "    x2=f(x1)\n",


-      "    x3=f(x2)\n",


-      "    y=x3-((x3-x2)**2)/(x3-2*x2+x1)\n",


-      "    d=y-x0\n",


-      "    x0=y\n",


-      "    if abs(f(x0))<e:\n",


-      "        break\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "    print \"                          \\t%f   %f   %f   %f   %f\\n\" %(x0,x1,x2,x3,y)\n",


-      "print \"the root of the equation after %i iteration is %f\" %(c,y)\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations     \t  x0 \t      x1 \t       x2 \t        x3 \t      y\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.523592   1.535369   1.517710   1.526531   1.523592\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593   1.523593\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of the equation after 9 iteration is 1.523593\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 42


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.15:pg-39"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.15\n",


-      "#newton-raphson method\n",


-      "#page 39\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x**3-2*x-5\n",


-      "def f1(x):\n",


-      "    return 3*x**2-2    # first derivative of the function\n",


-      "x0=2.0       # initial value\n",


-      "d=0.0001\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "n=1\n",


-      "print \"successive iterations \\t x0 \\t        f(x0) \\t        f1(x0)\\n\"\n",


-      "while n==1:\n",


-      "    x2=x0\n",


-      "    x1=x0-(f(x0)/f1(x0))\n",


-      "    x0=x1\n",


-      "    print \"                      \\t%f   \\t%f   \\t%f   \\n\" %(x2,f(x1),f1(x1))\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "    if abs(f(x0))<d:\n",


-      "        break\n",


-      "print \"the root of %i iteration is:%f\" %(c,x0)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations \t x0 \t        f(x0) \t        f1(x0)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t2.000000   \t0.061000   \t11.230000   \n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t2.100000   \t0.000186   \t11.161647   \n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t2.094568   \t0.000000   \t11.161438   \n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of 3 iteration is:2.094551\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 44


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.16:pg-40"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.16\n",


-      "#newton-raphson method\n",


-      "#page 40\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x*math.sin(x)+math.cos(x)\n",


-      "def f1(x):\n",


-      "    return x*math.cos(x)   #first derivation of the function\n",


-      "x0=math.pi   # initial value\n",


-      "d=0.0001\n",


-      "c=0 \n",


-      "n=1\n",


-      "print \"successive iterations \\tx0\\t        f(x0)\\t        f1(x0)\\n\"\n",


-      "while n==1:\n",


-      "    x2=x0\n",


-      "    x1=x0-(f(x0)/f1(x0))\n",


-      "    x0=x1\n",


-      "    print \"                      \\t%f  \\t%f  \\t%f\\n\" %(x2,f(x1),f1(x1))\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "    if abs(f(x0))<d:\n",


-      "        break\n",


-      "print \"the root of %i iteration is:%f\" %(c,x0)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations \tx0\t        f(x0)\t        f1(x0)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t3.141593  \t-0.066186  \t-2.681457\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t2.823283  \t-0.000564  \t-2.635588\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t2.798600  \t-0.000000  \t-2.635185\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of 3 iteration is:2.798386\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 46


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.17:pg-40"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.17\n",


-      "#newton-raphson method\n",


-      "#page 40\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x*math.exp(x)-1\n",


-      "def f1(x):\n",


-      "    return math.exp(x)+x*math.exp(x)   #first derivative of the function\n",


-      "x0=0       # initial value\n",


-      "d=0.0001 \n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "n=1\n",


-      "print \"successive iterations \\tx0\\t        f(x0)\\t        f1(x0)\\n\"\n",


-      "while n==1:\n",


-      "    x2=x0\n",


-      "    x1=x0-(f(x0)/f1(x0))\n",


-      "    x0=x1\n",


-      "    print \"                      \\t%f   \\t%f   \\t%f\\n\" %(x2,f(x1),f1(x1))\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "    if abs(f(x0))<d:\n",


-      "      break\n",


-      "print \"the root of %i iteration is:%f\" %(c,x0)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations \tx0\t        f(x0)\t        f1(x0)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t0.000000   \t1.718282   \t5.436564\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.000000   \t0.355343   \t3.337012\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t0.683940   \t0.028734   \t2.810232\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t0.577454   \t0.000239   \t2.763614\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t0.567230   \t0.000000   \t2.763223\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of 5 iteration is:0.567143\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 48


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.18:pg-41"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.18\n",


-      "#newton-raphson method\n",


-      "#page 41\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "   return math.sin(x)-x/2.0\n",


-      "def f1(x):\n",


-      "    return math.cos(x)-0.5\n",


-      "x0=math.pi/2.0 # initial value\n",


-      "d=0.0001\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "n=1\n",


-      "print \"successive iterations \\t x0 \\t        f(x0)\\t        f1(x0)\\n\"\n",


-      "while n==1:\n",


-      "    x2=x0\n",


-      "    x1=x0-(f(x0)/f1(x0))\n",


-      "    x0=x1\n",


-      "    print \"                      \\t%f\\t%f\\t%f\\n\" %(x2,f(x1),f1(x1))\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "    if abs(f(x0))<d:\n",


-      "       break\n",


-      "print \"the root of %i iteration is: %0.4g\" %(c,x0)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations \t x0 \t        f(x0)\t        f1(x0)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.570796\t-0.090703\t-0.916147\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t2.000000\t-0.004520\t-0.824232\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t1.900996\t-0.000014\t-0.819039\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of 3 iteration is: 1.896\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 51


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.19:pg-41"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.19\n",


-      "#newton-raphson method\n",


-      "#page 41\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return 4*math.exp(-x)*math.sin(x)-1\n",


-      "def f1(x):\n",


-      "    return math.cos(x)*4*math.exp(-x)-4*math.exp(-x)*math.sin(x)\n",


-      "x0=0.2  # initial value\n",


-      "d=0.0001\n",


-      "c=0 \n",


-      "n=1\n",


-      "print \"successive iterations \\t x0 \\t        f(x0)\\t        f1(x0)\\n\"\n",


-      "while n==1:\n",


-      "    x2=x0\n",


-      "    x1=x0-(f(x0)/f1(x0))\n",


-      "    x0=x1\n",


-      "    print \"                      \\t%f  \\t%f    \\t%f\\n\" %(x2,f(x1),f1(x1))\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "    if abs(f(x0))<d:\n",


-      "       break \n",


-      "print \"the root of %i iteration is: %0.3g\" %(c,x0)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations \t x0 \t        f(x0)\t        f1(x0)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t0.200000  \t-0.056593    \t1.753325\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t0.336526  \t-0.002769    \t1.583008\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                      \t0.368804  \t-0.000008    \t1.573993\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of 3 iteration is: 0.371\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 54


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.20:pg-42"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.20\n",


-      "#generalized newton-raphson method\n",


-      "#page 42\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x**3-x**2-x+1\n",


-      "def f1(x):\n",


-      "    return 3*x**2-2*x-1\n",


-      "def f2(x):\n",


-      "    return 6*x-2\n",


-      "x0=0.8   # initial value to finf double root\n",


-      "n=1 \n",


-      "print \"successive iterations   \\t x0   \\t      x1\\t       x2\\n\"\n",


-      "while n==1:\n",


-      "    x1=x0-(f(x0)/f1(x0));\n",


-      "    x2=x0-(f1(x0)/f2(x0));\n",


-      "    if abs(x1-x2)<0.000000001:\n",


-      "        x0=(x1+x2)/2.0\n",


-      "        break\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        x0=(x1+x2)/2;\n",


-      "    print \"                          %f\\t  %f\\t  %f\\n\" %(x0,x1,x2)\n",


-      "print \"\\n \\nthe double root is at: %f\" %(x0)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations   \t x0   \t      x1\t       x2\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          0.974370\t  0.905882\t  1.042857\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          0.993890\t  0.987269\t  1.000512\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          0.998489\t  0.996950\t  1.000028\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          0.999623\t  0.999245\t  1.000002\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          0.999906\t  0.999812\t  1.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          0.999976\t  0.999953\t  1.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          0.999994\t  0.999988\t  1.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          0.999999\t  0.999997\t  1.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          1.000000\t  0.999999\t  1.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          1.000000\t  1.000000\t  1.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          1.000000\t  1.000000\t  1.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          1.000000\t  1.000000\t  1.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          1.000000\t  1.000000\t  1.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " \n",


-        "the double root is at: 1.000000\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 57


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.21:pg-45"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#ramanujan's method\n",


-      "#example 2.21\n",


-      "#page 45\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return 1-(13.0/12.0)*x-(3.0/8.0)*x**2+(1.0/24.0)*x**3\n",


-      "a1=13.0/12.0\n",


-      "a2=-3.0/8.0\n",


-      "a3=1.0/24.0\n",


-      "b1=1\n",


-      "b2=a1\n",


-      "b3=a1*b2+a2*b1\n",


-      "b4=a1*b3+a2*b2+a3*b1\n",


-      "b5=a1*b4+a2*b3+a3*b2\n",


-      "b6=a1*b5+a2*b4+a3*b3\n",


-      "b7=a1*b6+a2*b5+a3*b4\n",


-      "b8=a1*b7+a2*b6+a3*b5\n",


-      "b9=a1*b8+a2*b7+a3*b6\n",


-      "print \"\\n\\n%f\" %(b1/b2)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b2/b3)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b3/b4)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b4/b5)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b5/b6)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b6/b7)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b7/b8)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b8/b9)\n",


-      "print \"\\n it appears as if the roots are converging at 2\""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.923077\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.356522\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.595376\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.738402\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.828184\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.886130\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.924153\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.949345\n",


-        "\n",


-        " it appears as if the roots are converging at 2\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 3


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.22:pg-46"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#ramanujan's method\n",


-      "#example 2.22\n",


-      "#page 46\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x+x**2+(x**3)/2.0+(x**4)/6.0+(x**5)/24.0\n",


-      "a1=1.0\n",


-      "a2=1.0\n",


-      "a3=1.0/2.0\n",


-      "a4=1.0/6.0\n",


-      "a5=1.0/24.0\n",


-      "b1=1\n",


-      "b2=a2\n",


-      "b3=a1*b2+a2*b1\n",


-      "b4=a1*b3+a2*b2+a3*b1\n",


-      "b5=a1*b4+a2*b3+a3*b2\n",


-      "b6=a1*b5+a2*b4+a3*b3\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b1/b2)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b2/b3)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b3/b4)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b4/b5)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b5/b6)\n",


-      "print \"\\n it appears as if the roots are converging at around %f\" %(b5/b6)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        "1.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.500000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.571429\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.583333\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.571429\n",


-        "\n",


-        " it appears as if the roots are converging at around 0.571429\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 8


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.23:pg-47"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#ramanujan's method\n",


-      "#example 2.23\n",


-      "#page 47\n",


-      "from __future__ import division\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return 1-2*((3*x/2.0+(x**2)/4.0-(x**4)/48.0+(x**6)/1440.0)-(x**8)*2/80640.0)\n",


-      "a1=3/2\n",


-      "a2=1/4\n",


-      "a3=0\n",


-      "a4=1/48\n",


-      "a5=0\n",


-      "a6=1/1440\n",


-      "a7=0\n",


-      "a8=-1/80640\n",


-      "b1=1\n",


-      "b2=a1\n",


-      "b3=a1*b2+a2*b1\n",


-      "b4=a1*b3+a2*b2+a3*b1\n",


-      "b5=a1*b4+a2*b3+a3*b2\n",


-      "b6=a1*b5+a2*b4+a3*b3\n",


-      "b7=a1*b6+a2*b5+a3*b4\n",


-      "b8=a1*b7+a2*b6+a3*b5\n",


-      "b9=a1*b8+a2*b7+a3*b6\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b1/b2)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b2/b3)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b3/b4)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b4/b5)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b5/b6)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b6/b7)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b7/b8)\n",


-      "print \"\\n it appears as if the roots are converging at around %f\" %(b7/b8)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        "0.666667\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.600000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.606061\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.605505\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.605556\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.605551\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.605551\n",


-        "\n",


-        " it appears as if the roots are converging at around 0.605551\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 2


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.24:pg-47"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#ramanujan's method\n",


-      "#example 2.24\n",


-      "#page 47\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return 1-(x-x**2.0/math.factorial(2.0)**2.0+x**3.0/math.factorial(3.0)**2.0-x**4.0/math.factorial(4.0)**2.0)\n",


-      "a1=1\n",


-      "a2=-1/math.factorial(2.0)**2.0\n",


-      "a3=1/math.factorial(3.0)**2.0\n",


-      "a4=-1/math.factorial(4.0)**2.0\n",


-      "a5=-1/math.factorial(5.0)**2.0\n",


-      "a6=1/math.factorial(6.0)**2.0\n",


-      "b1=1\n",


-      "b2=a1\n",


-      "b3=a1*b2+a2*b1\n",


-      "b4=a1*b3+a2*b2+a3*b1\n",


-      "b5=a1*b4+a2*b3+a3*b2\n",


-      "print \"\\n\\n%f\" %(b1/b2)\n",


-      "print \"\\n\\n%f\" %(b2/b3)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b3/b4)\n",


-      "print \"\\n%f\" %(b4/b5)\n",


-      "print \"\\n it appears as if the roots are converging at around %f\" %(b4/b5)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.333333\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.421053\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.433962\n",


-        "\n",


-        " it appears as if the roots are converging at around 1.433962\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 3


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.25:pg-49"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.25\n",


-      "#secant method\n",


-      "#page 49\n",


-      "from __future__ import division\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x**3-2*x-5\n",


-      "x1=2\n",


-      "x2=3   # initial values\n",


-      "n=1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "print \"successive iterations    \\t x1          \\t x2 \\t       x3 \\t        f(x3)\\n\"\n",


-      "while n==1:\n",


-      "    x3=(x1*f(x2)-x2*f(x1))/(f(x2)-f(x1)) \n",


-      "    print \"                         \\t%f   \\t%f  \\t%f  \\t%f\\n\" %(x1,x2,x3,f(x3))\n",


-      "    if f(x3)*f(x1)>0:\n",


-      "        x2=x3;\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        x1=x3   \n",


-      "    if abs(f(x3))<0.000001: \n",


-      "        break\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "print \"the root of the equation after %i iteration is: %f\" %(c,x3)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations    \t x1          \t x2 \t       x3 \t        f(x3)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                         \t2.000000   \t3.000000  \t2.058824  \t-0.390800\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                         \t2.000000   \t2.058824  \t2.096559  \t0.022428\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                         \t2.096559   \t2.058824  \t2.094511  \t-0.000457\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                         \t2.094511   \t2.058824  \t2.094552  \t0.000009\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                         \t2.094552   \t2.058824  \t2.094551  \t-0.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of the equation after 4 iteration is: 2.094551\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 29


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.26:pg-50"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 2.26\n",


-      "#secant method\n",


-      "#page 50\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "from __future__ import division\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x*math.exp(x)-1\n",


-      "x1=0\n",


-      "x2=1 # initial values\n",


-      "n=1\n",


-      "c=0 \n",


-      "print \"successive iterations    \\t x1          \\t x2 \\t       x3 \\t        f(x3)\\n\"\n",


-      "while n==1:\n",


-      "    x3=(x1*f(x2)-x2*f(x1))/(f(x2)-f(x1)) \n",


-      "    print \"                          \\t%f   \\t%f  \\t%f  \\t%f\\n\" %(x1,x2,x3,f(x3))\n",


-      "    if f(x3)*f(x1)>0:\n",


-      "        x2=x3\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        x1=x3    \n",


-      "    if abs(f(x3))<0.0001:\n",


-      "        break\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "print \"the root of the equation after %i iteration is: %0.4g\" %(c,x3)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations    \t x1          \t x2 \t       x3 \t        f(x3)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.000000   \t1.000000  \t0.367879  \t-0.468536\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.000000   \t0.367879  \t0.692201  \t0.383091\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.692201   \t0.367879  \t0.546310  \t-0.056595\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.546310   \t0.367879  \t0.570823  \t0.010200\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.570823   \t0.367879  \t0.566500  \t-0.001778\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.566500   \t0.367879  \t0.567256  \t0.000312\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                          \t0.567256   \t0.367879  \t0.567124  \t-0.000055\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the root of the equation after 6 iteration is: 0.5671\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 31


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.27:pg-52"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "# example 2.27\n",


-      "#mulller's method\n",


-      "#page 52\n",


-      "from __future__ import division\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x**3-x-1\n",


-      "x0=0\n",


-      "x1=1\n",


-      "x2=2        # initial values\n",


-      "n=1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "print \"successive iterations     \\t x0     \\t      x1 \\t       x2 \\t      f(x0)\\t       f(x1)\\t    f(x2)\\n\"\n",


-      "while n==1:   \n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "    y0=f(x0)\n",


-      "    y1=f(x1)\n",


-      "    y2=f(x2)\n",


-      "    h2=x2-x1\n",


-      "    h1=x1-x0\n",


-      "    d2=f(x2)-f(x1)\n",


-      "    d1=f(x1)-f(x0)\n",


-      "    print \"                            \\t%f\\t  %f\\t  %f\\t  %f\\t  %f\\t  %f\\n\" %(x0,x1,x2,f(x0),f(x1),f(x2))\n",


-      "    A=(d2/h2-d1/h1)/(h1+h2)\n",


-      "    B=d2/h2+A*h2\n",


-      "    S=math.sqrt(B**2-4*A*f(x2))\n",


-      "    x3=x2-(2*f(x2))/(B+S)\n",


-      "    E=abs((x3-x2)/x2)*100\n",


-      "    if E<0.003:\n",


-      "        break\n",


-      "    else:\n",


-      "        if c==1:\n",


-      "            x2=x3\n",


-      "        if c==2:\n",


-      "            x1=x2\n",


-      "            x2=x3\n",


-      "        if c==3:\n",


-      "            x0=x1\n",


-      "            x1=x2\n",


-      "            x2=x3\n",


-      "        if c==3:\n",


-      "            c=0\n",


-      "print \"the required root is : %0.4f\" %(x3)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "successive iterations     \t x0     \t      x1 \t       x2 \t      f(x0)\t       f(x1)\t    f(x2)\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                            \t0.000000\t  1.000000\t  2.000000\t  -1.000000\t  -1.000000\t  5.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                            \t0.000000\t  1.000000\t  1.263763\t  -1.000000\t  -1.000000\t  -0.245412\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                            \t0.000000\t  1.263763\t  1.331711\t  -1.000000\t  -0.245412\t  0.030015\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                            \t1.263763\t  1.331711\t  1.324583\t  -0.245412\t  0.030015\t  -0.000574\n",


-        "\n",


-        "                            \t1.263763\t  1.331711\t  1.324718\t  -0.245412\t  0.030015\t  -0.000000\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the required root is : 1.3247\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 35


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.28:pg-55"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#graeffe's method\n",


-      "#example 2.28\n",


-      "#page 55\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "from __future__ import division\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x**3-6*(x**2)+11*x-6\n",


-      "#x=poly(0,'x')\n",


-      "#g=f(-x)\n",


-      "print \"the equation is:\\n\"\n",


-      "A=[1, 14, 49, 36]   #coefficients of the above equation\n",


-      "print \"%0.4g\\n\" %(math.sqrt(A[3]/A[2]))\n",


-      "print \"%0.4g\\n\" %(math.sqrt(A[2]/A[1]))\n",


-      "print \"%0.4g\\n\" %(math.sqrt(A[1]/A[0]))\n",


-      "print \"the equation is:\\n\"\n",


-      "#disp(g*(-1*g));\n",


-      "B=[1, 98, 1393, 1296]\n",


-      "print \"%0.4g\\n\" %((B[3]/B[2])**(1/4))\n",


-      "print \"%0.4g\\n\" %((B[2]/B[1])**(1/4))\n",


-      "print \"%0.4g\\n\" %((B[1]/B[0])**(1/4))\n",


-      "print \"It is apparent from the outputs that the roots converge at 1 2 3\"\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n",


-      "\n",


-      "#INCOMPLETE"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "the equation is:\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.8571\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.871\n",


-        "\n",


-        "3.742\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the equation is:\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.9821\n",


-        "\n",


-        "1.942\n",


-        "\n",


-        "3.146\n",


-        "\n",


-        "It is apparent from the outputs that the roots converge at 1 2 3\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 3


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.29:pg-57"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#quadratic factor by lin's--bairsttow method\n",


-      "#example 2.29\n",


-      "#page 57\n",


-      "from numpy import matrix\n",


-      "from __future__ import division\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return x**3-x-1\n",


-      "a=[-1, -1, 0, 1]\n",


-      "r1=1\n",


-      "s1=1\n",


-      "b4=a[3]\n",


-      "def f3(r):\n",


-      "    return a[2]-r*a[3]\n",


-      "def f2(r,s):\n",


-      "    return a[1]-r*a[2]+r**2*a[3]-s*a[3]\n",


-      "def f1(r,s):\n",


-      "    return a[0]-s*a[2]+s*r*a[3]\n",


-      "A=matrix([[1,1],[2,-1]])\n",


-      "C=matrix([[0],[1]])\n",


-      "X=A.I*C\n",


-      "X1=[[ 0.33333333],[-0.33333333]]\n",


-      "dr=X1[0][0]\n",


-      "ds=X1[1][0]\n",


-      "r2=r1+dr\n",


-      "s2=s1+ds\n",


-      "#second pproximation\n",


-      "r1=r2\n",


-      "s1=s2\n",


-      "b11=f1(r2,s2)\n",


-      "b22=f2(r2,s2)\n",


-      "h=0.001\n",


-      "dr_b1=(f1(r1+h,s1)-f1(r1,s1))/h\n",


-      "ds_b1=(f1(r1,s1+h)-f1(r1,s1))/h\n",


-      "dr_b2=(f2(r1+h,s1)-f2(r1,s1))/h\n",


-      "ds_b2=(f2(r1,s1+h)-f2(r1,s1))/h\n",


-      "A=matrix([[dr_b1,ds_b1],[dr_b2,ds_b2]])\n",


-      "C=matrix([[-f1(r1,s1)],[-f2(r1,s2)]])\n",


-      "X=A.I*C\n",


-      "r2=r1+X[0][0]\n",


-      "s2=s1+X[1][0]\n",


-      "print \"roots correct to 3 decimal places are : %0.3f       %0.3f\" %(r2,s2)\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "roots correct to 3 decimal places are : 1.325       0.754\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 7


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.31:pg-62"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#method of iteration\n",


-      "#example 2.31\n",


-      "#page 62\n",


-      "from __future__ import division\n",


-      "def f(x,y):\n",


-      "    return (3*y*x**2+7)/10\n",


-      "def g(x,y):\n",


-      "    return (y**2+4)/5\n",


-      "h=0.0001\n",


-      "x0=0.5\n",


-      "y0=0.5\n",


-      "f1_dx=(f(x0+h,y0)-f(x0,y0))/h\n",


-      "f1_dy=(f(x0,y0+h)-f(x0,y0))/h\n",


-      "g1_dx=(g(x0+h,y0)-g(x0,y0))/h\n",


-      "g1_dy=(g(x0+h,y0)-g(x0,y0))/h\n",


-      "if (f1_dx+f1_dy<1) and (g1_dx+g1_dy<1): \n",


-      "    print \"coditions for convergence is satisfied\\n\\n\"\n",


-      "print \"X \\t              Y\\t\\n\\n\"\n",


-      "for i in range(0,10):\n",


-      "    X=(3*y0*x0**2+7)/10\n",


-      "    Y=(y0**2+4)/5\n",


-      "    print \"%f\\t       %f\\t\\n\" %(X,Y)\n",


-      "    x0=X\n",


-      "    y0=Y\n",


-      "print \"\\n\\n CONVERGENCE AT (1 1) IS OBVIOUS\"\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "coditions for convergence is satisfied\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "X \t              Y\t\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.737500\t       0.850000\t\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.838696\t       0.944500\t\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.899312\t       0.978416\t\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.937391\t       0.991460\t\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.961360\t       0.996598\t\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.976320\t       0.998642\t\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.985572\t       0.999457\t\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.991247\t       0.999783\t\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.994707\t       0.999913\t\n",


-        "\n",


-        "0.996807\t       0.999965\t\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " CONVERGENCE AT (1 1) IS OBVIOUS\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 9


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.32:pg-65"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#newton raphson method\n",


-      "#example 2.32\n",


-      "#page 65\n",


-      "def f(x,y):\n",


-      "    return 3*y*x**2-10*x+7\n",


-      "def g(y):\n",


-      "    return y**2-5*y+4\n",


-      "hh=0.0001\n",


-      "x0=0.5\n",


-      "y0=0.5  #initial values\n",


-      "f0=f(x0,y0)\n",


-      "g0=g(y0)\n",


-      "df_dx=(f(x0+hh,y0)-f(x0,y0))/hh\n",


-      "df_dy=(f(x0,y0+hh)-f(x0,y0))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dx=(g(y0)-g(y0))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dy=(g(y0+hh)-g(y0))/hh\n",


-      "d=[[df_dx,df_dy],[dg_dx,dg_dy]]\n",


-      "D1=det(d)\n",


-      "dd=[[-f0,df_dy],[-g0,dg_dy]]\n",


-      "h=det(dd)/D1\n",


-      "ddd=[[df_dx,-f0],[dg_dx,-g0]]\n",


-      "k=det(ddd)/D1;\n",


-      "x1=x0+h\n",


-      "y1=y0+k\n",


-      "f0=f(x1,y1)\n",


-      "g0=g(y1)\n",


-      "df_dx=(f(x1+hh,y1)-f(x1,y1))/hh\n",


-      "df_dy=(f(x1,y1+hh)-f(x1,y1))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dx=(g(y1)-g(y1))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dy=(g(y1+hh)-g(y1))/hh\n",


-      "dddd=[[df_dx,df_dy],[dg_dx,dg_dy]]\n",


-      "D2=det(dddd)\n",


-      "ddddd=[[-f0,df_dy],[-g0,dg_dy]]\n",


-      "h=det(ddddd)/D2\n",


-      "d6=[[df_dx,-f0],[dg_dx,-g0]]\n",


-      "k=det(d6)/D2\n",


-      "x2=x1+h\n",


-      "y2=y1+k\n",


-      "print \" the roots of the equation are x2=%f and y2=%f\" %(x2,y2)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        " the roots of the equation are x2=0.970803 and y2=0.998752\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 8


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": []


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "//newton raphson method\n",


-      "//example 2.32\n",


-      "//page 65\n",


-      "clc;clear;close;\n",


-      "deff('y=f(x,y)','y=3*y*x^2-10*x+7');\n",


-      "deff('x=g(y)','x=y^2-5*y+4');\n",


-      "hh=0.0001;\n",


-      "x0=0.5,y0=0.5;//initial values\n",


-      "f0=f(x0,y0);\n",


-      "g0=g(y0);\n",


-      "df_dx=(f(x0+hh,y0)-f(x0,y0))/hh;\n",


-      "df_dy=(f(x0,y0+hh)-f(x0,y0))/hh;\n",


-      "dg_dx=(g(y0)-g(y0))/hh;\n",


-      "dg_dy=(g(y0+hh)-g(y0))/hh;\n",


-      "D1=determ([df_dx,df_dy;dg_dx,dg_dy]);\n",


-      "h=determ([-f0,df_dy;-g0,dg_dy])/D1;\n",


-      "k=determ([df_dx,-f0;dg_dx,-g0])/D1;\n",


-      "x1=x0+h;\n",


-      "y1=y0+k;\n",


-      "f0=f(x1,y1);\n",


-      "g0=g(y1);\n",


-      "df_dx=(f(x1+hh,y1)-f(x1,y1))/hh;\n",


-      "df_dy=(f(x1,y1+hh)-f(x1,y1))/hh;\n",


-      "dg_dx=(g(y1)-g(y1))/hh;\n",


-      "dg_dy=(g(y1+hh)-g(y1))/hh;\n",


-      "D2=determ([df_dx,df_dy;dg_dx,dg_dy]);\n",


-      "h=determ([-f0,df_dy;-g0,dg_dy])/D2;\n",


-      "k=determ([df_dx,-f0;dg_dx,-g0])/D2;\n",


-      "x2=x1+h;\n",


-      "y2=y1+k;\n",


-      "printf(' the roots of the equation are x2=%f and y2=%f ',x2,y2);\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": []


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.33:pg-66"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#newton raphson method\n",


-      "#example 2.33\n",


-      "#page 66\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x,y):\n",


-      "    return x**2+y**2-1\n",


-      "def g(x,y):\n",


-      "    return y-x**2\n",


-      "hh=0.0001\n",


-      "x0=0.7071\n",


-      "y0=0.7071     #initial values\n",


-      "f0=f(x0,y0)\n",


-      "g0=g(x0,y0)\n",


-      "df_dx=(f(x0+hh,y0)-f(x0,y0))/hh\n",


-      "df_dy=(f(x0,y0+hh)-f(x0,y0))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dx=(g(x0+hh,y0)-g(x0,y0))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dy=(g(x0,y0+hh)-g(x0,y0))/hh\n",


-      "D1=det([[df_dx,df_dy],[dg_dx,dg_dy]])\n",


-      "h=det([[-f0,df_dy],[-g0,dg_dy]])/D1\n",


-      "k=det([[df_dx,-f0],[dg_dx,-g0]])/D1\n",


-      "x1=x0+h\n",


-      "y1=y0+k\n",


-      "f0=f(x1,y1)\n",


-      "g0=g(x1,y1)\n",


-      "df_dx=(f(x1+hh,y1)-f(x1,y1))/hh\n",


-      "df_dy=(f(x1,y1+hh)-f(x1,y1))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dx=(g(x1+hh,y1)-g(x1,y1))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dy=(g(x1,y1+hh)-g(x1,y1))/hh\n",


-      "D2=det([[df_dx,df_dy],[dg_dx,dg_dy]])\n",


-      "h=det([[-f0,df_dy],[-g0,dg_dy]])/D2\n",


-      "k=det([[df_dx,-f0],[dg_dx,-g0]])/D2\n",


-      "x2=x1+h\n",


-      "y2=y1+k\n",


-      "print \"the roots of the equation are x2=%f and y2=%f \" %(x2,y2)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "the roots of the equation are x2=0.786184 and y2=0.618039 \n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 11


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.34:pg-67"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#newton raphson method\n",


-      "#example 2.34\n",


-      "#page 67\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "def f(x,y):\n",


-      "    return math.sin(x)-y+0.9793\n",


-      "def g(x,y):\n",


-      "    return math.cos(y)-x+0.6703\n",


-      "hh=0.0001\n",


-      "x0=0.5\n",


-      "y0=1.5   #initial values\n",


-      "f0=f(x0,y0)\n",


-      "g0=g(x0,y0)\n",


-      "df_dx=(f(x0+hh,y0)-f(x0,y0))/hh\n",


-      "df_dy=(f(x0,y0+hh)-f(x0,y0))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dx=(g(x0+hh,y0)-g(x0,y0))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dy=(g(x0,y0+hh)-g(x0,y0))/hh\n",


-      "d1=[[df_dx,df_dy],[dg_dx,dg_dy]]\n",


-      "D1=det(d1)\n",


-      "d2=[[-f0,df_dy],[-g0,dg_dy]]\n",


-      "h=det(d2)/D1\n",


-      "d3=[[df_dx,-f0],[dg_dx,-g0]]\n",


-      "k=det(d3)/D1\n",


-      "x1=x0+h\n",


-      "y1=y0+k\n",


-      "f0=f(x1,y1)\n",


-      "g0=g(x1,y1)\n",


-      "df_dx=(f(x1+hh,y1)-f(x1,y1))/hh\n",


-      "df_dy=(f(x1,y1+hh)-f(x1,y1))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dx=(g(x1+hh,y1)-g(x1,y1))/hh\n",


-      "dg_dy=(g(x1,y1+hh)-g(x1,y1))/hh\n",


-      "d4=[[df_dx,df_dy],[dg_dx,dg_dy]]\n",


-      "D2=det(d4)\n",


-      "h=det([[-f0,df_dy],[-g0,dg_dy]])/D2\n",


-      "k=det([[df_dx,-f0],[dg_dx,-g0]])/D2\n",


-      "x2=x1+h\n",


-      "y2=y1+k\n",


-      "print \"the roots of the equation are x2=%0.4f and y2=%0.4f\" %(x2,y2)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "the roots of the equation are x2=0.6537 and y2=1.5874\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 9


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": []


-    }


-   ],


-   "metadata": {}


-  }


- ]


-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter3.ipynb b/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 77d8f79f..00000000
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1113 +0,0 @@
-{


- "metadata": {


-  "name": "",


-  "signature": "sha256:58def12f7e424e92e928d020c21b40714eff26275c7ce87aa5600004fbc92a49"


- },


- "nbformat": 3,


- "nbformat_minor": 0,


- "worksheets": [


-  {


-   "cells": [


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 1,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Chapter03:Interpolation"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.4:pg-86"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 3.4\n",


-      "#interpolation\n",


-      "#page 86\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "from __future__ import division\n",


-      "x=[1, 3, 5, 7]\n",


-      "y=[24, 120, 336, 720]\n",


-      "d1=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "d2=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "d3=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "h=2     #interval between values of x\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    d1[c]=y[i+1]-y[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,2):\n",


-      "    d2[c]=d1[i+1]-d1[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,1):\n",


-      "    d3[c]=d2[i+1]-d2[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "d=[0,d1[0],d2[0],d3[0]]\n",


-      "x0=8   #value at 8\n",


-      "pp=1\n",


-      "y_x=y[0]\n",


-      "p=(x0-1)/2\n",


-      "for i in range(1,4):\n",


-      "    pp=1\n",


-      "    for j in range(0,i):\n",


-      "        pp=pp*(p-(j))  \n",


-      "    y_x=y_x+(pp*d[i])/math.factorial(i)\n",


-      "print \"value of function at %f is :%f\" %(x0,y_x)\n",


-      "\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "value of function at 8.000000 is :990.000000\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 7


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.6:pg-87"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 3.6\n",


-      "#interpolation\n",


-      "#page 87\n",


-      "x=[15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40]\n",


-      "y=[0.2588190, 0.3420201, 0.4226183, 0.5, 0.5735764, 0.6427876]\n",


-      "d1=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d2=[0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d3=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "d4=[0,0]\n",


-      "d5=[0]\n",


-      "h=5  #interval between values of x\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,5):\n",


-      "    d1[c]=y[i+1]-y[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,4):\n",


-      "    d2[c]=d1[i+1]-d1[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    d3[c]=d2[i+1]-d2[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,2):\n",


-      "    d4[c]=d3[i+1]-d3[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,1):\n",


-      "    d5[c]=d4[i+1]-d4[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "d=[0,d1[0], d2[0], d3[0], d4[0], d5[0]]\n",


-      "x0=38    #value at 38 degree\n",


-      "pp=1\n",


-      "y_x=y[0]\n",


-      "p=(x0-x[0])/h\n",


-      "for i in range(1,6):\n",


-      "    pp=1\n",


-      "    for j in range(0,i):\n",


-      "        pp=pp*(p-(j))   \n",


-      "    y_x=y_x+((pp*d[i])/math.factorial(i));\n",


-      "print \"value of function at %i is :%f\" %(x0,y_x)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "value of function at 38 is :0.615661\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 26


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.7:pg-89"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 3.7\n",


-      "#interpolation\n",


-      "#page 89\n",


-      "x=[0, 1, 2, 4]\n",


-      "y=[1, 3, 9, 81]\n",


-      "#equation is y(5)-4*y(4)+6*y(2)-4*y(2)+y(1)\n",


-      "y3=(y[3]+6*y[2]-4*y[1]+y[0])/4\n",


-      "print \"the value of missing term of table is :%d\" %(y3)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "the value of missing term of table is :31\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 1


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.8:pg-89"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 3.8\n",


-      "#interpolation\n",


-      "#page 89\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "x=[0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30]\n",


-      "y=[0.1003, 0.1511, 0.2027, 0.2553, 0.3093]\n",


-      "d1=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d2=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d3=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d4=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "h=0.05 #interval between values of x\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,4):\n",


-      "    d1[c]=y[i+1]-y[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    d2[c]=d1[i+1]-d1[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,2):\n",


-      "    d3[c]=d2[i+1]-d2[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,4):\n",


-      "    d4[c]=d3[i+1]-d3[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "d=[0,d1[0], d2[0], d3[0], d4[0]]\n",


-      "x0=0.12   #value at 0.12;\n",


-      "pp=1\n",


-      "y_x=y[0]\n",


-      "p=(x0-x[0])/h\n",


-      "for i in range(1,5):\n",


-      "    pp=1;\n",


-      "    for j in range(0,i):\n",


-      "        pp=pp*(p-(j))    \n",


-      "    y_x=y_x+(pp*d[i])/math.factorial(i)\n",


-      "print \"value of function at %f is :%0.4g\\n \\n\" %(x0,y_x)\n",


-      "x0=0.26  #value at 0.26;\n",


-      "pp=1\n",


-      "y_x=y[0]\n",


-      "p=(x0-x[0])/h\n",


-      "for i in range(1,5):\n",


-      "    pp=1\n",


-      "    for j in range(0,i):\n",


-      "        pp=pp*(p-(j))    \n",


-      "    y_x=y_x+(pp*d[i])/math.factorial(i);\n",


-      "print \"value of function at %f is :%0.4g\\n \\n\" %(x0,y_x)\n",


-      "x0=0.40   #value at 0.40;\n",


-      "pp=1\n",


-      "y_x=y[0]\n",


-      "p=(x0-x[0])/h\n",


-      "for i in range(1,5):\n",


-      "    pp=1\n",


-      "    for j in range(0,i):\n",


-      "         pp=pp*(p-(j))    \n",


-      "    y_x=y_x+(pp*d[i])/math.factorial(i)\n",


-      "print \"value of function at %f is :%0.4g\\n \\n\" %(x0,y_x)\n",


-      "x0=0.50  #value at 0.50;\n",


-      "pp=1\n",


-      "y_x=y[0]\n",


-      "p=(x0-x[0])/h\n",


-      "for i in range(1,5):\n",


-      "    pp=1\n",


-      "    for j in range(0,i):\n",


-      "         pp=pp*(p-(j))    \n",


-      "    y_x=y_x+(pp*d[i])/math.factorial(i)\n",


-      "print \"value of function at %f is :%0.5g\\n \\n\" %(x0,y_x)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "value of function at 0.120000 is :0.1205\n",


-        " \n",


-        "\n",


-        "value of function at 0.260000 is :0.266\n",


-        " \n",


-        "\n",


-        "value of function at 0.400000 is :0.4241\n",


-        " \n",


-        "\n",


-        "value of function at 0.500000 is :0.5543\n",


-        " \n",


-        "\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 33


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.9:pg-93"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 3.9\n",


-      "#Gauss' forward formula\n",


-      "#page 93\n",


-      "x=[1.0, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30];\n",


-      "y=[2.7183, 2.8577, 3.0042, 3.1582, 3.3201, 3.4903, 3.66693]\n",


-      "d1=[0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d2=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d3=[0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d4=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "d5=[0,0]\n",


-      "d6=[0]\n",


-      "h=0.05  #interval between values of x\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,6):\n",


-      "    d1[c]=y[i+1]-y[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,5):\n",


-      "    d2[c]=d1[i+1]-d1[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,4):\n",


-      "    d3[c]=d2[i+1]-d2[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    d4[c]=d3[i+1]-d3[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,2):\n",


-      "    d5[c]=d4[i+1]-d4[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,1):\n",


-      "    d6[c]=d5[i+1]-d5[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "d=[0,d1[3], d2[2], d3[2], d4[1], d5[0], d6[0]]\n",


-      "x0=1.17 #value at 1.17;\n",


-      "pp=1\n",


-      "y_x=y[3]\n",


-      "p=(x0-x[3])/h\n",


-      "for i in range(1,6):\n",


-      "    pp=1;\n",


-      "    for j in range(0,i):\n",


-      "        pp=pp*(p-(j))    \n",


-      "    y_x=y_x+(pp*d[i])/math.factorial(i)\n",


-      "print \"value of function at %f is :%0.4g\\n \\n\" %(x0,y_x)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "value of function at 1.170000 is :3.222\n",


-        " \n",


-        "\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 35


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.10:pg-97"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#practical interpolation\n",


-      "#example 3.10\n",


-      "#page 97\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "x=[0.61, 0.62, 0.63, 0.64, 0.65, 0.66, 0.67]\n",


-      "y=[1.840431, 1.858928,1.877610, 1.896481, 1.915541, 1.934792, 1.954237]\n",


-      "d1=[0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d2=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d3=[0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d4=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "h=0.01 #interval between values of x\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,6):\n",


-      "    d1[c]=y[i+1]-y[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,5):\n",


-      "    d2[c]=d1[i+1]-d1[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,4):\n",


-      "    d3[c]=d2[i+1]-d2[i];\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    d4[c]=d3[i+1]-d3[i];\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "d=[d1[0], d2[0], d3[0], d4[0]]\n",


-      "x0=0.644\n",


-      "p=(x0-x[3])/h;\n",


-      "y_x=y[3]\n",


-      "y_x=y_x+p*(d1[2]+d1[3])/2+p**2*(d2[1])/2  #stirling formula\n",


-      "print \"the value at %f by stirling formula is : %f\\n\\n\" %(x0,y_x)\n",


-      "y_x=y[3]\n",


-      "y_x=y_x+p*d1[3]+p*(p-1)*(d2[2]+d2[3])/2\n",


-      "print \" the value at %f by bessels formula is : %f\\n\\n\" %(x0,y_x)\n",


-      "y_x=y[3]\n",


-      "q=1-p\n",


-      "y_x=q*y[3]+q*(q**2-1)*d2[2]/2+p*y[4]+p*(q**2-1)*d2[4]/2\n",


-      "print \"the value at %f by everrets formula is : %f\\n\\n\" %(x0,y_x)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "the value at 0.644000 by stirling formula is : 1.904082\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " the value at 0.644000 by bessels formula is : 1.904059\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the value at 0.644000 by everrets formula is : 1.904044\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 37


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.11:pg-99"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#practical interpolation\n",


-      "#example 3.11\n",


-      "#page 99\n",


-      "x=[0.61, 0.62, 0.63, 0.64, 0.65, 0.66, 0.67]\n",


-      "y=[1.840431, 1.858928, 1.877610, 1.896481, 1.915541, 1.934792, 1.954237]\n",


-      "d1=[0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d2=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d3=[0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d4=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "h=0.01   #interval between values of x\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,6):\n",


-      "    d1[c]=y[i+1]-y[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,5):\n",


-      "    d2[c]=d1[i+1]-d1[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,4):\n",


-      "    d3[c]=d2[i+1]-d2[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    d4[c]=d3[i+1]-d3[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "d=[d1[0], d2[0], d3[0], d4[0]]\n",


-      "x0=0.638\n",


-      "p=(x0-x[3])/h\n",


-      "y_x=y[3]\n",


-      "y_x=y_x+p*(d1[2]+d1[3])/2+p**2*(d2[1])/2   #stirling formula\n",


-      "print \"value at %f by stirling formula is : %f\\n\\n\" %(x0,y_x)\n",


-      "y_x=y[2]\n",


-      "p=(x0-x[2])/h\n",


-      "y_x=y_x+p*d1[2]+p*(p-1)*(d2[1])/2\n",


-      "print \"the value at %f by bessels formula is : %f\\n\\n\" %(x0,y_x)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "value at 0.638000 by stirling formula is : 1.892692\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the value at 0.638000 by bessels formula is : 1.892692\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 39


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.12:pg-99"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#practical interpolation\n",


-      "#example 3.12\n",


-      "#page 99\n",


-      "x=[1.72, 1.73, 1.74, 1.75, 1.76, 1.77, 1.78]\n",


-      "y=[0.1790661479, 0.1772844100, 0.1755204006, 0.1737739435, 0.1720448638, 0.1703329888, 0.1686381473]\n",


-      "d1=[0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d2=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d3=[0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "d4=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "h=0.01  #interval between values of x\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,6):\n",


-      "    d1[c]=y[i+1]-y[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,5):\n",


-      "    d2[c]=d1[i+1]-d1[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,4):\n",


-      "    d3[c]=d2[i+1]-d2[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "c=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    d4[c]=d3[i+1]-d3[i]\n",


-      "    c=c+1\n",


-      "x0=1.7475\n",


-      "y_x=y[2]\n",


-      "p=(x0-x[2])/h\n",


-      "y_x=y_x+p*d1[2]+p*(p-1)*((d2[1]+d2[2])/2)/2\n",


-      "print \"the value at %f by bessels formula is : %0.10f\\n\\n\" %(x0,y_x)\n",


-      "y_x=y[3]\n",


-      "q=1-p\n",


-      "y_x=q*y[2]+q*(q**2-1)*d2[1]/6+p*y[3]+p*(p**2-1)*d2[1]/6\n",


-      "print \"the value at %f by everrets formula is : %0.10f\\n\\n\" %(x0,y_x)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "the value at 1.747500 by bessels formula is : 0.1742089204\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        "the value at 1.747500 by everrets formula is : 0.1742089122\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 41


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.13:pg-104"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 3.13\n",


-      "#lagrange's interpolation formula\n",


-      "#page 104\n",


-      "x=[300, 304, 305, 307]\n",


-      "y=[2.4771, 2.4829, 2.4843, 2.4871]\n",


-      "x0=301\n",


-      "log_301=(-3*-4*-6*2.4771)/(-4*-5*-7)+(-4*-6*2.4829)/(4*-1*-3)+(-3*-6*2.4843)/(5*-2)+(-3*-4*2.4871)/(7*3*2)\n",


-      "print \"valie of log x at 301 is =%f\" %(log_301)\n",


-      "\n",


-      " "


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "valie of log x at 301 is =2.478597\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 43


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.14:pg-105"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 3.14\n",


-      "#lagrange's interpolation formula\n",


-      "#page 105\n",


-      "y=[4, 12, 19]\n",


-      "x=[1, 3, 4];\n",


-      "y_x=7\n",


-      "Y_X=(-5*-12)/(-8*-15)+(3*3*-12)/(8*-7)+(3*-5*4)/(15*7)\n",


-      "print \"values is %f\" %(Y_X)\n",


-      " "


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "values is 1.857143\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 44


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.15:pg-105"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 3.15\n",


-      "#lagrange's interpolation formula\n",


-      "#page 105\n",


-      "x=[2, 2.5, 3.0]\n",


-      "y=[0.69315, 0.91629, 1.09861]\n",


-      "def l0(x):\n",


-      "    return (x-2.5)*(x-3.0)/(-0.5)*(-1.0)\n",


-      "def l1(x):\n",


-      "    return ((x-2.0)*(x-3.0))/((0.5)*(-0.5))\n",


-      "def l2(x):\n",


-      "    return ((x-2.0)*(x-2.5))/((1.0)*(0.5))\n",


-      "f_x=l0(2.7)*y[0]+l1(2.7)*y[1]+l2(2.7)*y[2];\n",


-      "print \"the calculated value is %f:\" %(f_x)\n",


-      "print \"\\n\\n the error occured in the value is %0.9f\" %(abs(f_x-log(2.7)))"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "the calculated value is 0.994116:\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " the error occured in the value is 0.000864627\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 2


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.16:pg-106"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 3.16\n",


-      "#lagrange's interpolation formula\n",


-      "#page 106\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "x=[0, math.pi/4,math.pi/2]\n",


-      "y=[0, 0.70711, 1.0];\n",


-      "x0=math.pi/6\n",


-      "sin_x0=0\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    p=y[i]\n",


-      "    for j in range(0,3):\n",


-      "        if j!=i:\n",


-      "            p=p*((x0-x[j])/( x[i]-x[j]))\n",


-      "    sin_x0=sin_x0+p\n",


-      "print \"sin_x0=%f\" %(sin_x0)\n",


-      " "


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "sin_x0=0.517431\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 4


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.18:pg-107"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#error in lagrange's interpolation formula\n",


-      "#example 3.18\n",


-      "#page 107\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "x=[2, 2.5, 3.0]\n",


-      "y=[0.69315, 0.91629, 1.09861]\n",


-      "def l0(x):\n",


-      "    return (x-2.5)*(x-3.0)/(-0.5)*(-1.0)\n",


-      "def l1(x):\n",


-      "    return ((x-2.0)*(x-3.0))/((0.5)*(-0.5))\n",


-      "def l2(x):\n",


-      "    return ((x-2.0)*(x-2.5))/((1.0)*(0.5))\n",


-      "f_x=l0(2.7)*y[0]+l1(2.7)*y[1]+l2(2.7)*y[2]\n",


-      "print \"the calculated value is %f:\" %(f_x)\n",


-      "err=math.fabs(f_x-math.log10(2.7))\n",


-      "def R_n(x):\n",


-      "    return (((x-2)*(x-2.5)*(x-3))/6)\n",


-      "est_err=abs(R_n(2.7)*(2/8))\n",


-      "if est_err<err:\n",


-      "    print \"\\n\\n the error agrees with the actual error\""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "the calculated value is 0.994116:\n",


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " the error agrees with the actual error\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 13


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.19:pg-107"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#error in lagrenge's interpolation\n",


-      "#example 3.19\n",


-      "#page 107\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "x=[0, math.pi/4 ,math.pi/2]\n",


-      "y=[0, 0.70711, 1.0]\n",


-      "def l0(x):\n",


-      "    return ((x-0)*(x-math.pi/2))/((math.pi/4)*(-1*math.pi/4))\n",


-      "def l1(x):\n",


-      "    return ((x-0)*(x-math.pi/4))/((math.pi/2)*(math.pi/4))\n",


-      "f_x=l0(math.pi/6)*y[1]+l1(math.pi/6)*y[2]\n",


-      "err=abs(f_x-math.sin(math.pi/6))\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return ((x-0)*(x-math.pi/4)*(x-math.pi/2))/6\n",


-      "if abs(f(math.pi/6))>err:\n",


-      "    print \"\\n\\n the error agrees with the actual error\""


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "\n",


-        "\n",


-        " the error agrees with the actual error\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 14


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.21:pg-110"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#hermite's interpolation formula\n",


-      "#exammple 3.21\n",


-      "#page 110\n",


-      "from __future__ import division\n",


-      "import math\n",


-      "x=[2.0, 2.5, 3.0]\n",


-      "y=[0.69315, 0.91629, 1.09861]\n",


-      "y1=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "def f(x):\n",


-      "    return math.log(x)\n",


-      "h=0.0001\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    y1[i]=(f(x[i]+h)-f(x[i]))/h\n",


-      "def l0(x):\n",


-      "    return (x-2.5)*(x-3.0)/(-0.5)*(-1.0)\n",


-      "def l1(x):\n",


-      "    return ((x-2.0)*(x-3.0))/((0.5)*(-0.5))\n",


-      "def l2(x):\n",


-      "    return ((x-2.0)*(x-2.5))/((1.0)*(0.5))\n",


-      "dl0=(l0(x[0]+h)-l0(x[0]))/h\n",


-      "dl1=(l1(x[1]+h)-l1(x[1]))/h\n",


-      "dl2=(l2(x[2]+h)-l2(x[2]))/h\n",


-      "x0=2.7\n",


-      "u0=(1-2*(x0-x[0])*dl0)*(l0(x0))**2\n",


-      "u1=(1-2*(x0-x[1])*dl1)*(l1(x0))**2\n",


-      "u2=(1-2*(x0-x[2])*dl2)*(l2(x0))**2\n",


-      "v0=(x0-x[0])*l0(x0)**2\n",


-      "v1=(x0-x[1])*l1(x0)**2\n",


-      "v2=(x0-x[2])*l2(x0)**2\n",


-      "H=u0*y[0]+u1*y[1]+u2*y[2]+v0*y1[0]+v1*y1[1]+v2*y1[2]\n",


-      "print \"the approximate value of ln(%0.2f) is %f:\" %(x0,H)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "the approximate value of ln(2.70) is 0.993362:\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 35


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.22:pg-114"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#newton's general interpolation formula\n",


-      "#example 3.22\n",


-      "#page 114\n",


-      "x=[300, 304, 305, 307]\n",


-      "y=[2.4771, 2.4829, 2.4843, 2.4871]\n",


-      "d1=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "d2=[0,0]\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    d1[i]=(y[i+1]-y[i])/(x[i+1]-x[i])\n",


-      "for i in range(0,2):\n",


-      "    d2[i]=(d1[i+1]-d1[i])/(x[i+2]-x[i])\n",


-      "x0=301\n",


-      "log301=y[0]+(x0-x[0])*d1[0]+(x0-x[1])*d2[0]\n",


-      "print \"valure of log(%d) is :%0.4f\" %(x0,log301)\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "valure of log(301) is :2.4786\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 37


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.23:pg-114"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#example 3.23\n",


-      "#newton's divided formula\n",


-      "#page 114\n",


-      "x=[-1, 0, 3, 6, 7]\n",


-      "y=[3, -6, 39, 822, 1611]\n",


-      "for in range(0,4):\n",


-      "    d1[i]=(y[i+1]-y[i])/(x[i+1]-x[i])\n",


-      "for in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    d2[i]=(d1[i+1]-d1[i])/(x[i+2]-x[i])\n",


-      "for in range(0,2):\n",


-      "    d3[i]=(d2[i+1]-d2[i])/(x[i+3]-x[i])\n",


-      "for iin range(0,1):\n",


-      "    d4[i]=(d3[i+1]-d3[i])/(x[i+4]-x[i])\n",


-      "X=poly(0,'X')\n",


-      "f_x=y[0]+(X-x[0])*(d1[0])+(X-x[1])*(X-x[0])*d2[0]+(X-x[0])*(X-x[1])*(X-x[2])*d3[0]+(X-x[0])*(X-x[1])*(X-x[2])*(X-x[3])*d4[0]\n",


-      "disp(f_x,'the polynomial equation is =')"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": []


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.24:pg-116"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#interpolation by iteration\n",


-      "#example 3.24\n",


-      "#page 116\n",


-      "x=[300, 304, 305, 307]\n",


-      "y=[2.4771, 2.4829, 2.4843, 2.4871]\n",


-      "x0=301\n",


-      "d1=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "d2=[0,0]\n",


-      "d3=[0]\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    a=y[i]\n",


-      "    b=x[i]-x0\n",


-      "    c=y[i+1]\n",


-      "    e=x[i+1]-x0\n",


-      "    d=matrix([[a,b],[c,e]])\n",


-      "    d11=det(d)\n",


-      "    d1[i]=d11/(x[i+1]-x[i])\n",


-      "for i in range(0,2):\n",


-      "    a=d1[i]\n",


-      "    b=x[i+1]-x0\n",


-      "    c=d1[i+1]\n",


-      "    e=x[i+2]-x0\n",


-      "    d=matrix([[a,b],[c,e]])\n",


-      "    d22=det(d)\n",


-      "    f=(x[i+2]-x[i+1])\n",


-      "    d2[i]=d22/f\n",


-      "for i in range(0,1):\n",


-      "    a=d2[i]\n",


-      "    b=x[i+2]-x0\n",


-      "    c=d2[i+1]\n",


-      "    e=x[i+3]-x0\n",


-      "    d=matrix([[a,b],[c,e]])\n",


-      "    d33=det(d)\n",


-      "    d3[i]=d33/(x[i+3]-x[i+2])\n",


-      "print \"the value of log(%d) is : %f\" %(x0,d3[0])\n"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "the value of log(301) is : 2.476900\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 26


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex3.25:pg-118"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#inverse intrpolation\n",


-      "#example 3.25\n",


-      "#page  118\n",


-      "from __future__ import division\n",


-      "x=[2, 3, 4, 5]\n",


-      "y=[8, 27, 64, 125]\n",


-      "d1=[0,0,0]\n",


-      "d2=[0,0]\n",


-      "d3=[0]\n",


-      "for i in range(0,3):\n",


-      "    d1[i]=y[i+1]-y[i]\n",


-      "for i in range(0,2):\n",


-      "    d2[i]=d1[i+1]-d1[i]\n",


-      "for i in range(0,1):\n",


-      "    d3[i]=d2[i+1]-d2[i]\n",


-      "yu=10   #square rooot of 10\n",


-      "y0=y[0]\n",


-      "d=[d1[0], d2[0] ,d3[0]]\n",


-      "u1=(yu-y0)/d1[0]\n",


-      "u2=((yu-y0-u1*(u1-1)*d2[0]/2)/d1[0])\n",


-      "u3=(yu-y0-u2*(u2-1)*d2[0]/2-u2*(u2-1)*(u2-2)*d3[0]/6)/d1[0]\n",


-      "u4=(yu-y0-u3*(u3-1)*d2[0]/2-u3*(u3-1)*(u3-2)*d3[0]/6)/d1[0]\n",


-      "u5=(yu-y0-u4*(u4-1)*d2[0]/2-u4*(u4-1)*(u4-2)*d3[0]/6)/d1[0]\n",


-      "print \"%f \\n %f \\n %f \\n %f \\n %f \\n \" %(u1,u2,u3,u4,u5)\n",


-      "print \"the approximate square root of %d is: %0.3f\" %(yu,x[0]+u5)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "0.105263 \n",


-        " 0.149876 \n",


-        " 0.153210 \n",


-        " 0.154107 \n",


-        " 0.154347 \n",


-        " \n",


-        "the approximate square root of 10 is: 2.154\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 4


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "heading",


-     "level": 2,


-     "metadata": {},


-     "source": [


-      "Ex2.26:pg-119"


-     ]


-    },


-    {


-     "cell_type": "code",


-     "collapsed": false,


-     "input": [


-      "#double interpolation \n",


-      "#example 3.26\n",


-      "#page 119\n",


-      "y=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]\n",


-      "z=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",


-      "x=[[0, 1, 4, 9, 16],[2, 3, 6, 11, 18],[6, 7, 10, 15, 22],[12, 13, 16, 21, 28],[18, 19, 22, 27, 34]]\n",


-      "print \"X=\"\n",


-      "print x\n",


-      "#for x=2.5\n",


-      "for i in range(0,5):\n",


-      "    z[i]=(x[i][2]+x[i][3])/2\n",


-      "#y=1.5\n",


-      "Z=(z[1]+z[2])/2\n",


-      "print \"the interpolated value when x=2.5 and y=1.5 is : %f\" %(Z)"


-     ],


-     "language": "python",


-     "metadata": {},


-     "outputs": [


-      {


-       "output_type": "stream",


-       "stream": "stdout",


-       "text": [


-        "X=\n",


-        "[[0, 1, 4, 9, 16], [2, 3, 6, 11, 18], [6, 7, 10, 15, 22], [12, 13, 16, 21, 28], [18, 19, 22, 27, 34]]\n",


-        "the interpolated value when x=2.5 and y=1.5 is : 10.500000\n"


-       ]


-      }


-     ],


-     "prompt_number": 14


-    }


-   ],


-   "metadata": {}


-  }


- ]


-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter1.ipynb b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter1.ipynb
index b45b10cf..d1fed764 100755..100644
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "a = np.array([[2, -1, 3, 2],[1, 4, 0 ,-1],[2, 6, -1, 5]])\n",
+    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "a = array([[2, -1, 3, 2],[1, 4, 0 ,-1],[2, 6, -1, 5]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations:'\n",
     "print 'R1 = R1-2*R2'\n",
@@ -165,8 +165,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "a=np.array([[-1, 1J],[-1J, 3],[1 ,2]])\n",
+    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "a=array([[-1, 1J],[-1J, 3],[1 ,2]])\n",
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations:'\n",
     "print 'R1 = R1+R3 and R2 = R2 + i *R3'\n",
@@ -203,23 +203,25 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "[[ 1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.]]\n",
-      "This is an Identity matrix of order 8 * 8\n",
+      "[[ 1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.]]\n",
+      "This is an Identity matrix of order 7 * 7\n",
       "And It is a row reduced matrix.\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "n = np.random.randint(9)\n",
-    "print np.identity(n)\n",
+    "from numpy import random, identity\n",
+    "i=2;\n",
+    "while i<=2:\n",
+    "    n = random.randint(9)\n",
+    "    i=n\n",
+    "print identity(n)\n",
     "print 'This is an Identity matrix of order %d * %d'%(n,n)\n",
     "print 'And It is a row reduced matrix.'"
    ]
@@ -242,16 +244,11 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "[[ 1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.]]\n",
-      "This is an Identity matrix of order 6 * 6\n",
+      "[[ 1.]]\n",
+      "This is an Identity matrix of order 1 * 1\n",
       "And It is a row reduced matrix.\n",
-      "[[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]]\n",
-      "This is an Zero matrix of order 1 * 5\n",
+      "[[ 0.  0.  0.  0.]]\n",
+      "This is an Zero matrix of order 1 * 4\n",
       "And It is also a row reduced matrix.\n",
       "a = \n",
       "[[ 0.   1.  -3.   0.   0.5]\n",
@@ -262,17 +259,17 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "n = np.random.randint(9)\n",
-    "print np.identity(n)\n",
+    "from numpy import random,identity, zeros,array\n",
+    "n = random.randint(9)\n",
+    "print identity(n)\n",
     "print 'This is an Identity matrix of order %d * %d'%(n,n)\n",
     "print 'And It is a row reduced matrix.'\n",
-    "m = np.random.randint(0,9)\n",
-    "n = np.random.randint(9)\n",
-    "print np.zeros([m,n])\n",
+    "m = random.randint(0,9)\n",
+    "n = random.randint(9)\n",
+    "print zeros([m,n])\n",
     "print 'This is an Zero matrix of order %d * %d'%(m,n)\n",
     "print 'And It is also a row reduced matrix.'\n",
-    "a = np.array([[0, 1, -3, 0, 1.0/2],[0, 0, 0, 1, 2],[0, 0 ,0 ,0 ,0]])\n",
+    "a = array([[0, 1, -3, 0, 1.0/2],[0, 0, 0, 1, 2],[0, 0 ,0 ,0 ,0]])\n",
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
     "print 'This is a non-trivial row reduced matrix.'\n"
    ]
@@ -330,8 +327,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "A = np.array([[1, -2, 1],[2, 1, 1],[0, 5, -1]])\n",
+    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "A = array([[1, -2, 1],[2, 1, 1],[0, 5, -1]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations:'\n",
     "print 'R2 = R2 - 2*R1'\n",
@@ -452,53 +449,53 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array\n",
     "#Part a\n",
-    "a = np.array([[1, 0],[-3, 1]])\n",
-    "b = np.array([[5, -1, 2],[15, 4, 8]])\n",
+    "a = array([[1, 0],[-3, 1]])\n",
+    "b = array([[5, -1, 2],[15, 4, 8]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part b\n",
-    "a = np.array([[1, 0],[-2, 3],[5 ,4],[0, 1]])\n",
-    "b = np.array([[0, 6, 1],[3 ,8 ,-2]])\n",
+    "a = array([[1, 0],[-2, 3],[5 ,4],[0, 1]])\n",
+    "b = array([[0, 6, 1],[3 ,8 ,-2]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part c\n",
-    "a = np.array([[2, 1],[5, 4]])\n",
-    "b = np.array([[1],[6]])\n",
+    "a = array([[2, 1],[5, 4]])\n",
+    "b = array([[1],[6]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part d\n",
-    "a = np.array([[-1],[3]])\n",
-    "b = np.array([[2, 4]])\n",
+    "a = array([[-1],[3]])\n",
+    "b = array([[2, 4]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part e\n",
-    "a = np.array([[2, 4]])\n",
-    "b = np.array([[-1],[3]])\n",
+    "a = array([[2, 4]])\n",
+    "b = array([[-1],[3]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part f\n",
-    "a = np.array([[0, 1 ,0],[0, 0, 0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
-    "b = np.array([[1, -5, 2],[2, 3, 4],[9 ,-1, 3]])\n",
+    "a = array([[0, 1 ,0],[0, 0, 0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
+    "b = array([[1, -5, 2],[2, 3, 4],[9 ,-1, 3]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part g\n",
-    "a = np.array([[1, -5, 2],[2, 3, 4],[9, -1, 3]])\n",
-    "b = np.array([[0, 1, 0],[0 ,0 ,0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
+    "a = array([[1, -5, 2],[2, 3, 4],[9, -1, 3]])\n",
+    "b = array([[0, 1, 0],[0 ,0 ,0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)"
@@ -532,10 +529,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "a = np.array([[0, 1],[1, 0]])\n",
+    "from numpy import array,linalg\n",
+    "a = array([[0, 1],[1, 0]])\n",
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
-    "print 'inverse a = \\n',np.linalg.inv(a)"
+    "print 'inverse a = \\n',linalg.inv(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -547,7 +544,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -584,9 +581,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "a = np.array([[2, -1],[1 ,3]])\n",
-    "b = np.array([[2, -1],[1 ,3]]) #Temporary variable to store a\n",
+    "from numpy import array,linalg\n",
+    "a = array([[2, -1],[1 ,3]])\n",
+    "b = array([[2, -1],[1 ,3]]) #Temporary variable to store a\n",
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
     "print 'Applying row tranformations'\n",
     "print 'Interchange R1 and R2'\n",
@@ -604,7 +601,7 @@
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
     "print 'Since a  has become an identity matrix. So, a is invertible'\n",
     "print 'inverse of a = '\n",
-    "print np.linalg.inv(b)# #a was stored in b"
+    "print linalg.inv(b)# #a was stored in b"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -616,7 +613,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -688,10 +685,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "a = np.array([[1 ,1./2, 1.0/3],[1.0/2 ,1.0/3, 1.0/4],[1.0/3, 1.0/4, 1.0/5]])\n",
+    "from numpy import array,identity,matrix\n",
+    "a = array([[1 ,1./2, 1.0/3],[1.0/2 ,1.0/3, 1.0/4],[1.0/3, 1.0/4, 1.0/5]])\n",
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
-    "b = np.identity(3)\n",
+    "b = identity(3)\n",
     "print 'b = \\n',b\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations on a and b simultaneously,'\n",
     "print 'R2 = R2 - 1/2 * R1 and R3 = R3 - 1/3*R1'\n",
@@ -723,7 +720,7 @@
     "print 'R1 = R1 - 1/2 * R2'\n",
     "a[0,:] = a[0,:] -  1./2 * a[1,:]#\n",
     "b[0,:] = b[0,:] -  1./2 * b[1,:]#\n",
-    "print 'a = \\n',np.matrix.round(a)\n",
+    "print 'a = \\n',matrix.round(a)\n",
     "print 'b = \\n',b\n",
     "print 'Since, a = identity matrix of order 3*3. So, b is inverse of a'\n",
     "print 'inverse(a) = \\n',b"
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter10.ipynb b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter10.ipynb
index 1c137a08..24d02247 100755..100644
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter10.ipynb
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array,transpose\n",
     "print 'a = [x1 x2]'\n",
     "print 'b = [y1 y2]'\n",
     "print 'f(a,b) = x1*y1 + x1*y2 + x2*y1 + x2*y2'\n",
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@
     "print '[x1  x2]  *  |1   1|  *   |y1|'\n",
     "print '              |1   1|     |y2|'\n",
     "print 'So the matrix of f in standard order basis B = {e1,e2} is:'\n",
-    "fb = np.array([[1, 1],[1, 1]])\n",
+    "fb = array([[1, 1],[1, 1]])\n",
     "print '[f]B = \\n',fb\n",
-    "P = np.array([[1 ,1],[-1, 1]])\n",
+    "P = array([[1 ,1],[-1, 1]])\n",
     "print 'P = \\n',P\n",
     "print 'Thus, [f]B'' = P''*[f]B*P'\n",
-    "fb1 = np.transpose(P) * fb * P\n",
+    "fb1 = transpose(P) * fb * P\n",
     "print '[f]B'' = \\n',fb1"
    ]
   },
@@ -81,23 +81,23 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "n =  56.0\n",
-      "a =  410.0\n",
-      "b =  70.0\n",
-      "f(a,b) =  28700.0\n",
+      "n =  24.0\n",
+      "a =  100.0\n",
+      "b =  40.0\n",
+      "f(a,b) =  4000.0\n",
       "f is non-degenerate billinear form on R**n.\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "n = round(np.random.randint(2,90))\n",
-    "a = round(np.random.randint(1,n) * 10)#\n",
-    "b = round(np.random.randint(1,n) * 10)#\n",
+    "from numpy import random,transpose\n",
+    "n = round(random.randint(2,90))\n",
+    "a = round(random.randint(1,n) * 10)#\n",
+    "b = round(random.randint(1,n) * 10)#\n",
     "print 'n = ',n\n",
     "print 'a = ',a\n",
     "print 'b = ',b\n",
-    "f = a * np.transpose(b)\n",
+    "f = a * transpose(b)\n",
     "print 'f(a,b) = ',f\n",
     "print 'f is non-degenerate billinear form on R**n.'\n",
     "#end"
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter2.ipynb b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter2.ipynb
index cac42c12..5659e3a2 100755..100644
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -101,9 +101,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array\n",
     "\n",
-    "A = np.array([[1, 2, 0 ,3 ,0],[0, 0, 1, 4, 0],[0, 0, 0, 0, 1]])\n",
+    "A = array([[1, 2, 0 ,3 ,0],[0, 0, 1, 4, 0],[0, 0, 0, 0, 1]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'The subspace of F**5 spanned by a1 a2 a3(row vectors of A) is called row space of A.'\n",
     "a1 = A[0,:]\n",
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
     "print 'a2 = ',a2\n",
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
     "print 'And, it is also the row space of B.'\n",
-    "B = np.array([[1, 2, 0, 3, 0],[0, 0, 1, 4, 0],[0, 0, 0, 0, 1],[-4, -8, 1 ,-8, 0]])\n",
+    "B = array([[1, 2, 0, 3, 0],[0, 0, 1, 4, 0],[0, 0, 0, 0, 1],[-4, -8, 1 ,-8, 0]])\n",
     "print 'B = \\n',B"
    ]
   },
@@ -137,36 +137,24 @@
      "text": [
       "V is the space of all polynomial functions over F.\n",
       "S contains the functions as:\n",
-      "n =  17\n",
+      "n =  5\n",
       "f0(x) =  1\n",
       "f1(x) =  x\n",
       "f2(x) =  x**2\n",
       "f3(x) =  x**3\n",
       "f4(x) =  x**4\n",
-      "f5(x) =  x**5\n",
-      "f6(x) =  x**6\n",
-      "f7(x) =  x**7\n",
-      "f8(x) =  x**8\n",
-      "f9(x) =  x**9\n",
-      "f10(x) =  x**10\n",
-      "f11(x) =  x**11\n",
-      "f12(x) =  x**12\n",
-      "f13(x) =  x**13\n",
-      "f14(x) =  x**14\n",
-      "f15(x) =  x**15\n",
-      "f16(x) =  x**16\n",
       "Then, V is the subspace spanned by set S.\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
+    "from numpy import random\n",
     "print 'V is the space of all polynomial functions over F.'\n",
     "print 'S contains the functions as:'\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
+    "x = Symbol(\"x\")\n",
     "#n = round(rand()*10)#\n",
-    "n=np.random.randint(0,19)\n",
+    "n=random.randint(0,19)\n",
     "print 'n = ',n\n",
     "for i in range (0,n):\n",
     "    f = x**i#\n",
@@ -208,11 +196,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "a1 = np.array([3 ,0, -3])\n",
-    "a2 = np.array([-1 ,1 ,2])\n",
-    "a3 = np.array([4 ,2, -2])\n",
-    "a4 = np.array([2 ,1, 1])\n",
+    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "a1 = array([3 ,0, -3])\n",
+    "a2 = array([-1 ,1 ,2])\n",
+    "a3 = array([4 ,2, -2])\n",
+    "a4 = array([2 ,1, 1])\n",
     "print 'a1 = ',a1\n",
     "print 'a2 = ',a2\n",
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
@@ -248,27 +236,9 @@
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "S is the subset of F**n consisting of n vectors.\n",
-      "n =  10\n",
+      "n =  1\n",
       "e1 = \n",
-      "[ 1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      "e2 = \n",
-      "[ 0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      "e3 = \n",
-      "[ 0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      "e4 = \n",
-      "[ 0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      "e5 = \n",
-      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      "e6 = \n",
-      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      "e7 = \n",
-      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      "e8 = \n",
-      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.]\n",
-      "e9 = \n",
-      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.]\n",
-      "e10 = \n",
-      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.]\n",
+      "[ 1.]\n",
       "x1,x2,x3...xn are the scalars in F\n",
       "Putting a = x1*e1 + x2*e2 + x3*e3 + .... + xn*en\n",
       "So, a = (x1,x2,x3,...,xn)\n",
@@ -280,12 +250,12 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array,random,identity\n",
     "print 'S is the subset of F**n consisting of n vectors.'\n",
     "#n = round(rand() *10 + 1)#\\\n",
-    "n=np.random.randint(0,19)\n",
+    "n=random.randint(0,19)\n",
     "print 'n = ',n\n",
-    "I = np.identity(n)\n",
+    "I = identity(n)\n",
     "for i in range(0,n):\n",
     "    e = I[i,:]\n",
     "    print 'e%d = '%(i+1)\n",
@@ -342,17 +312,17 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "P = np.array([[-1, 4, 5],[ 0, 2, -3],[ 0, 0, 8]])\n",
+    "from numpy import array,transpose,linalg\n",
+    "P = array([[-1, 4, 5],[ 0, 2, -3],[ 0, 0, 8]])\n",
     "print 'P = \\n',P\n",
-    "print '\\ninverse(P) = \\n',np.linalg.inv(P)\n",
+    "print '\\ninverse(P) = \\n',linalg.inv(P)\n",
     "a1 = P[:,0]\n",
     "a2 = P[:,1]\n",
     "a3 = P[:,2]\n",
     "print 'The vectors forming basis of F**3 are a1'', a2'', a3'''\n",
-    "print \"a1' = \\n\",np.transpose(a1)\n",
-    "print \"\\na2' = \\n\",np.transpose(a2)\n",
-    "print \"\\na3' = \\n\",np.transpose(a3)\n",
+    "print \"a1' = \\n\",transpose(a1)\n",
+    "print \"\\na2' = \\n\",transpose(a2)\n",
+    "print \"\\na3' = \\n\",transpose(a3)\n",
     "print 'The coordinates x1'',x2'',x3'' of vector a = [x1,x2,x3] is given by inverse(P)*[x1# x2# x3]'\n",
     "t = -10*a1 - 1./2*a2 - a3#\n",
     "print 'And, -10*a1'' - 1/2*a2'' - a3'' = ',t"
@@ -470,7 +440,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array,identity,rank,vstack\n",
     "a1 = [1 ,2 ,2, 1]#\n",
     "a2 = [0 ,2 ,0 ,1]#\n",
     "a3 = [-2, 0, -4, 3]#\n",
@@ -480,12 +450,12 @@
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
     "print 'The matrix A from these vectors will be:'\n",
     "#A = [a1],[a2], [a3]]\n",
-    "A=np.array([a1,a2,a3])\n",
+    "A=array([a1,a2,a3])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "\n",
     "print 'Finding Row reduced echelon matrix of A that is given by R'\n",
     "print 'And applying same operations on identity matrix Q such that R = QA'\n",
-    "Q = np.identity(3)\n",
+    "Q = identity(3)\n",
     "print 'Q = \\n',Q\n",
     "T = A#              #Temporary matrix to store A\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations on A and Q,we get'\n",
@@ -520,7 +490,7 @@
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Q = \\n',Q\n",
     "#part a\n",
-    "print 'rank of R = ',np.rank(R)\n",
+    "print 'rank of R = ',rank(R)\n",
     "\n",
     "print 'Since, Rank of R is 3, so a1, a2, a3 are independent'\n",
     "#part b\n",
@@ -542,19 +512,19 @@
     "print 'Since a1'' a2'' a3'' are all of the form (y1 y2 y3 y4) with y3 = 2*y1, hence they are in W.'\n",
     "print 'So, they are independent.'\n",
     "#part d\n",
-    "c = np.array([c1,c2,c3])\n",
-    "P = np.identity(3)\n",
+    "c = array([c1,c2,c3])\n",
+    "P = identity(3)\n",
     "for i in range(0,3):\n",
     "    b1 = c[i,0]\n",
     "    b2 = c[i,1]\n",
     "    b4 = c[i,3]\n",
-    "    x1 = np.array([b1, b2, b4]) * Q[:,0]\n",
-    "    x2 = np.array([b1, b2, b4])*Q[:,1]\n",
-    "    x3 = np.array([b1, b2, b4])*Q[:,2]\n",
+    "    x1 = array([b1, b2, b4]) * Q[:,0]\n",
+    "    x2 = array([b1, b2, b4])*Q[:,1]\n",
+    "    x3 = array([b1, b2, b4])*Q[:,2]\n",
     "    \n",
     "\n",
     "print 'Required matrix P such that X = PX'' is:'\n",
-    "P=np.vstack([x1,x2,x3])\n",
+    "P=vstack([x1,x2,x3])\n",
     "print 'P = \\n',P\n",
     "#print x1"
    ]
@@ -686,13 +656,13 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "A = np.array([[1, 2, 0, 3, 0],[1, 2, -1, -1, 0],[0 ,0 ,1 ,4 ,0],[2, 4 ,1 ,10, 1],[0 ,0 ,0 ,0 ,1]])\n",
+    "from numpy import array,identity\n",
+    "A = array([[1, 2, 0, 3, 0],[1, 2, -1, -1, 0],[0 ,0 ,1 ,4 ,0],[2, 4 ,1 ,10, 1],[0 ,0 ,0 ,0 ,1]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "#part a\n",
     "T = A#                  #Temporary storing A in T\n",
     "print 'Taking an identity matrix P:'\n",
-    "P = np.identity(5)\n",
+    "P = identity(5)\n",
     "print 'P = \\n',P\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations on P and A to get a row reduced echelon matrix R:'\n",
     "print 'R2 = R2 - R1 and R4 = R4 - 2* R1'\n",
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter3.ipynb b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter3.ipynb
index 2e2e4be2..4007526a 100755..100644
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter3.ipynb
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array\n",
     "a1 = [1, 2]#\n",
     "a2 = [3 ,4]#\n",
     "print 'a1 = ',a1\n",
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
     "print 'Now, we find scalars c1 and c2 for that we know T(c1a1 + c2a2) = c1(Ta1) + c2(Ta2))'\n",
     "print 'if(1,0) = c1(1,2) + c2(3,4), then '\n",
     "#c = inv([a1#a2]') * [1#0]#\n",
-    "c=np.array([a1,a2]).dot(np.array([[1],[0]]))\n",
+    "c=array([a1,a2]).dot(array([[1],[0]]))\n",
     "c1 = c[0,0]\n",
     "c2 = c[1,0]\n",
     "print 'c1 = ',c1\n",
@@ -84,27 +84,27 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "x1 =  5\n",
-      "x2 =  2\n",
-      "T(5,2) =  [7, 5]\n",
+      "x1 =  3\n",
+      "x2 =  8\n",
+      "T(3,8) =  [11, 3]\n",
       "If, T(x1,x2) = 0, then\n",
       "x1 = x2 = 0\n",
       "So, T is non-singular\n",
       "z1,z2 are two scalars in F\n",
       "z1 =  0\n",
-      "z2 =  8\n",
-      "So, x1 =  8\n",
-      "x2 =  -8\n",
+      "z2 =  4\n",
+      "So, x1 =  4\n",
+      "x2 =  -4\n",
       "Hence, T is onto.\n",
-      "inverse(T) =  [8, -8]\n"
+      "inverse(T) =  [4, -4]\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array,random\n",
     "#x = round(rand(1,2) * 10)#\n",
-    "x1 = np.random.randint(1,9)\n",
-    "x2 = np.random.randint(1,9)\n",
+    "x1 = random.randint(1,9)\n",
+    "x2 = random.randint(1,9)\n",
     "T = [x1+x2 ,x1]\n",
     "print 'x1 = ',x1\n",
     "print 'x2 = ',x2\n",
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@
     "print 'So, T is non-singular'\n",
     "print 'z1,z2 are two scalars in F'\n",
     "\n",
-    "z1 = np.random.randint(0,9)\n",
-    "z2 = np.random.randint(0,9)\n",
+    "z1 = random.randint(0,9)\n",
+    "z2 = random.randint(0,9)\n",
     "print 'z1 = ',z1\n",
     "print 'z2 = ',z2\n",
     "x1 = z2#\n",
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -207,14 +207,14 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "from numpy import array,zeros\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol,diff\n",
     "print 'Differentiation operator D is defined as:'\n",
-    "D = np.zeros([4,4])\n",
-    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
+    "D = zeros([4,4])\n",
+    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
     "for i in range(1,5):\n",
     "    t= i-1#\n",
-    "    f = sp.diff(x**t,'x')\n",
+    "    f = diff(x**t,'x')\n",
     "    print '(Df%d)(x) = '%(i),\n",
     "    print f\n",
     "    if  not(i == 1):\n",
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -263,19 +263,19 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array,transpose,linalg\n",
     "print 'T is a linear operator on R**2 defined as T(x1,x2) = (x1,0)'\n",
     "print 'So, the matrix T in standard ordered basis B = {e1,e2} is '\n",
-    "T = np.array([[1, 0],[0, 0]])\n",
+    "T = array([[1, 0],[0, 0]])\n",
     "print '[T]B = ',T\n",
     "print 'Let B'' is the ordered basis for R**2 consisting of vectors:'\n",
-    "E1 = np.array([1, 1])\n",
-    "E2 = np.array([2 ,1])\n",
+    "E1 = array([1, 1])\n",
+    "E2 = array([2 ,1])\n",
     "print 'E1 = ',E1\n",
     "print 'E2 = ',E2\n",
-    "P = np.transpose(([E1,E2]))\n",
+    "P = transpose(([E1,E2]))\n",
     "print 'So, matrix P = \\n',P\n",
-    "Pinv=np.linalg.inv(P)\n",
+    "Pinv=linalg.inv(P)\n",
     "print 'P inverse = \\n',Pinv\n",
     "T1 = Pinv*T*P#\n",
     "print 'So, matrix T in ordered basis B'' is [T]B'' = \\n',T1"
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -316,24 +316,24 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "t = sp.Symbol(\"t\")\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol, Matrix\n",
+    "t = Symbol(\"t\")\n",
     "print 'g1 = f1'\n",
     "print 'g2 = t*f1 + f2'\n",
     "print 'g3 = t**2*f1 + 2*t*f2 + f3'\n",
     "print 'g4 = t**3*f1 + 3*t**2*f2 + 3*t*f3 + f4'\n",
-    "P = sp.Matrix(([1, t, t**2, t**3],[0 ,1 ,2*t, 3*t**2],[0, 0, 1, 3*t],[0, 0, 0, 1]))\n",
+    "P = Matrix(([1, t, t**2, t**3],[0 ,1 ,2*t, 3*t**2],[0, 0, 1, 3*t],[0, 0, 0, 1]))\n",
     "print 'P = \\n',P\n",
     "\n",
-    "print 'inverse P = \\n',sp.Matrix.inv(P)\n",
+    "print 'inverse P = \\n',Matrix.inv(P)\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "print 'Matrix of differentiation operator D in ordered basis B is:'# #As found in example 15\n",
-    "D = sp.Matrix(([0, 1, 0, 0],[0, 0, 2, 0],[0, 0, 0, 3],[0, 0, 0, 0]))\n",
+    "D = Matrix(([0, 1, 0, 0],[0, 0, 2, 0],[0, 0, 0, 3],[0, 0, 0, 0]))\n",
     "print 'D = \\n',D\n",
     "print 'Matrix of D in ordered basis B'' is:'\n",
-    "print 'inverse(P) * D * P = ',sp.Matrix.inv(P)*D*P\n"
+    "print 'inverse(P) * D * P = ',Matrix.inv(P)*D*P\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -354,47 +354,41 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "n =  8\n",
+      "n =  5\n",
       "A = \n",
-      "[[  7.   3.   0.   4.   6.   8.   4.   4.]\n",
-      " [  6.   4.   2.   8.   7.   8.   1.   7.]\n",
-      " [  7.   0.   9.   3.  10.   9.   3.   8.]\n",
-      " [  7.   5.  10.   1.   8.   6.   6.   5.]\n",
-      " [  8.   8.   9.   9.   1.   9.  10.   4.]\n",
-      " [  6.   3.   5.   2.   2.   4.   8.   4.]\n",
-      " [  5.   1.   1.   2.   6.   9.   9.   5.]\n",
-      " [  8.   6.   9.   9.   8.   9.   1.   2.]]\n",
+      "[[  5.   9.   7.   8.   6.]\n",
+      " [  3.   3.   2.   7.   6.]\n",
+      " [  5.   1.   3.   2.   6.]\n",
+      " [  1.   2.  10.   4.   1.]\n",
+      " [  9.   0.   7.   5.   7.]]\n",
       "Trace of A:\n",
-      "tr(A) =  37.0\n",
+      "tr(A) =  22.0\n",
       "--------------------------------\n",
-      "c =  3\n",
+      "c =  2\n",
       "B = \n",
-      "[[  4.   6.  10.   5.   8.   4.   1.   9.]\n",
-      " [  9.   9.   3.   6.   3.   8.   2.   6.]\n",
-      " [  1.   6.   0.   7.   7.   2.   8.   4.]\n",
-      " [  5.   5.   9.   7.   9.   3.   9.   9.]\n",
-      " [  7.   7.  10.   6.   1.   1.   7.   4.]\n",
-      " [  0.   3.  10.   9.   5.   2.   8.   4.]\n",
-      " [  1.   8.   2.   4.   5.   4.   4.   8.]\n",
-      " [  7.   0.   1.   8.   2.   7.   4.   7.]]\n",
+      "[[  6.   8.   8.   2.   4.]\n",
+      " [  7.   6.   4.   3.   7.]\n",
+      " [  6.   9.   8.   4.   8.]\n",
+      " [  1.   4.   8.   4.   6.]\n",
+      " [ 10.   8.   2.   1.   6.]]\n",
       "Trace of B:\n",
-      "tr(B) =  34.0\n",
-      "tr(cA + B) =  145.0\n"
+      "tr(B) =  30.0\n",
+      "tr(cA + B) =  74.0\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array,random\n",
     "def trace_matrix(M,n):\n",
     "    tr=0\n",
     "    for i in range(0,n):\n",
     "        tr = tr + M[i,i]#\n",
     "    return tr\n",
     "#n = round(rand() * 10 + 2)#\n",
-    "n=np.random.randint(1,9)\n",
+    "n=random.randint(1,9)\n",
     "print 'n = ',n\n",
     "#A = round(rand(n,n) * 10)#\n",
-    "A=np.random.rand(n,n)\n",
+    "A=random.rand(n,n)\n",
     "for x in range(0,n):\n",
     "    for y in range(0,n):\n",
     "        A[x,y]=round(A[x,y]*10)\n",
@@ -407,10 +401,10 @@
     "print 'tr(A) = ',tr1\n",
     "print '--------------------------------'\n",
     "#c = round(rand() * 10 + 2)#\n",
-    "c=np.random.randint(2,9)\n",
+    "c=random.randint(2,9)\n",
     "print 'c = ',c\n",
     "\n",
-    "B=np.random.rand(n,n)\n",
+    "B=random.rand(n,n)\n",
     "for x in range(0,n):\n",
     "    for y in range(0,n):\n",
     "        B[x,y]=round(B[x,y]*10)\n",
@@ -431,7 +425,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -488,9 +482,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array\n",
     "print 'Matrix represented by given linear functionals on R**4:'\n",
-    "A = np.array([[1, 2 ,2 ,1],[0, 2, 0, 1],[-2 ,0 ,-4, 3]])\n",
+    "A = array([[1, 2 ,2 ,1],[0, 2, 0, 1],[-2 ,0 ,-4, 3]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "T = A              #Temporary matrix to store A\n",
     "print 'To find Row reduced echelon matrix of A given by R:'\n",
@@ -532,7 +526,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -567,7 +561,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array\n",
     "print 'W be the subspace of R**5 spanned by vectors:'\n",
     "a1 = [2, -2, 3 ,4 ,-1]#\n",
     "a2 = [-1, 1, 2, 5, 2]#\n",
@@ -578,7 +572,7 @@
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
     "print 'a4 = ',a4\n",
     "print 'Matrix A by the row vectors a1,a2,a3,a4 will be:'\n",
-    "A = np.array([a1,a2,a3,a4])\n",
+    "A = array([a1,a2,a3,a4])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'After Applying row transformations, we get the row reduced echelon matrix R of A'\n",
     "\n",
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter4.ipynb b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter4.ipynb
index 3fb3b384..c3b1c0c4 100755..100644
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter4.ipynb
@@ -50,11 +50,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "from sympy.polys.polyfuncs import horner\n",
+    "from numpy import array,identity\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
     "print 'C is the field of complex numbers'\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
+    "x = Symbol(\"x\")\n",
     "def f(x):\n",
     "    ff= x**2 + 2\n",
     "    return ff\n",
@@ -70,9 +69,9 @@
     "\n",
     "#part b\n",
     "print 'If a is the algebra of all 2*2 matrices over C and'\n",
-    "B = np.array([[1 ,0],[-1, 2]])\n",
+    "B = array([[1 ,0],[-1, 2]])\n",
     "print 'B = \\n',B\n",
-    "print 2*np.identity(2) + B**2,'then, f(B) = '\n",
+    "print 2*identity(2) + B**2,'then, f(B) = '\n",
     "print '----------------------------------------'\n",
     "\n",
     "#part c\n",
@@ -117,8 +116,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol('x')\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
+    "x = Symbol('x')\n",
     "p1 = x + 2#\n",
     "p2 = x**2 + 8*x + 16#\n",
     "print 'M = (x+2)F[x] + (x**2 + 8x + 16)F[x]'\n",
@@ -169,8 +168,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol('x')\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
+    "x = Symbol('x')\n",
     "\n",
     "#part a\n",
     "p1 = x + 2#\n",
@@ -232,8 +231,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol('x')\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
+    "x = Symbol('x')\n",
     "\n",
     "print 'M is the ideal in F[x] generated by:'\n",
     "print '(x-1)*(x+2)**2'\n",
@@ -285,8 +284,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol('x')\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
+    "x = Symbol('x')\n",
     "P = x**2 + 1#\n",
     "print P,'P = '\n",
     "print 'P is reducible over complex numbers as: ',\n",
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter5.ipynb b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 9d29340c..00000000
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,358 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 5 - Determinants"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Page 143 Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "A = \n",
-      "[[ 3.  9.]\n",
-      " [ 3.  1.]]\n",
-      "D1(A) =  3.0\n",
-      "D2(A) =  -27.0\n",
-      "D(A) = D1(A) + D2(A) =  -24.0\n",
-      "That is, D is a 2-linear function.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "A = np.random.rand(2,2)\n",
-    "for x in range(0,2):\n",
-    "    for y in range(0,2):\n",
-    "        A[x,y]=round(A[x,y]*10)\n",
-    "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D1 = A[0,0]*A[1,1]\n",
-    "D2 = - A[0,1]*A[1,0]\n",
-    "print 'D1(A) = ',D1\n",
-    "print 'D2(A) = ',D2\n",
-    "print 'D(A) = D1(A) + D2(A) = ',D1 + D2\n",
-    "print 'That is, D is a 2-linear function.'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Page 145 Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "A = \n",
-      "Matrix([[x, 0, -x**2], [0, 1, 0], [1, 0, x**3]])\n",
-      "e1,e2,e3 are the rows of 3*3 identity matrix, then\n",
-      "e1 =  [ 1.  0.  0.]\n",
-      "e2 =  [ 0.  1.  0.]\n",
-      "e3 =  [ 0.  0.  1.]\n",
-      "D(A) = D(x*e1 - x**2*e3, e2, e1 + x**3*e3)\n",
-      "Since, D is linear as a function of each row,\n",
-      "D(A) = x*D(e1,e2,e1 + x**3*e3) - x**2*D(e3,e2,e1 + x**3*e3)\n",
-      "D(A) = x*D(e1,e2,e1) + x**4*D(e1,e2,e3) - x**2*D(e3,e2,e1) - x**5*D(e3,e2,e3)\n",
-      "As D is alternating, So\n",
-      "D(A) = (x**4 + x**2)*D(e1,e2,e3)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
-    "A = sp.Matrix(([x, 0, -x**2],[0, 1, 0],[1, 0, x**3]))\n",
-    "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
-    "print 'e1,e2,e3 are the rows of 3*3 identity matrix, then'\n",
-    "T = np.identity(3)\n",
-    "e1 = T[0,:]\n",
-    "e2 = T[1,:]\n",
-    "e3 = T[2,:]\n",
-    "print 'e1 = ',e1\n",
-    "print 'e2 = ',e2\n",
-    "print 'e3 = ',e3\n",
-    "print 'D(A) = D(x*e1 - x**2*e3, e2, e1 + x**3*e3)'\n",
-    "print 'Since, D is linear as a function of each row,'\n",
-    "print 'D(A) = x*D(e1,e2,e1 + x**3*e3) - x**2*D(e3,e2,e1 + x**3*e3)'\n",
-    "print 'D(A) = x*D(e1,e2,e1) + x**4*D(e1,e2,e3) - x**2*D(e3,e2,e1) - x**5*D(e3,e2,e3)'\n",
-    "print 'As D is alternating, So'\n",
-    "print 'D(A) = (x**4 + x**2)*D(e1,e2,e3)'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Page 147 Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "A = \n",
-      "Matrix([[x - 1, x**2, x**3], [0, x - 2, 1], [0, 0, x - 3]])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "E(A) =  x**3 - 6*x**2 + 11*x - 6\n",
-      "--------------------------------------\n",
-      "A = \n",
-      "Matrix([[0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0]])\n",
-      "\n",
-      "E(A) =  1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#part a\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol('x')\n",
-    "A = sp.Matrix(([x-1, x**2, x**3],[0, x-2, 1],[0, 0, x-3]))\n",
-    "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
-    "print '\\nE(A) = ',A.det()\n",
-    "print '--------------------------------------'\n",
-    "#part b\n",
-    "A = sp.Matrix(([0 ,1, 0],[0, 0, 1],[1 ,0, 0]))\n",
-    "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
-    "print '\\nE(A) = ',A.det()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Page 158 Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Given Matrix:\n",
-      "A = \n",
-      "[[ 1 -1  2  3]\n",
-      " [ 2  2  0  2]\n",
-      " [ 4  1 -1 -1]\n",
-      " [ 1  2  3  0]]\n",
-      "After, Subtracting muliples of row 1 from rows 2 3 4\n",
-      "R2 = R2 - 2*R1\n",
-      "R3 = R3 - 4*R1\n",
-      "R4 = R4 - R1\n",
-      "A = \n",
-      "[[  1  -1   2   3]\n",
-      " [  0   4  -4  -4]\n",
-      " [  0   5  -9 -13]\n",
-      " [  0   3   1  -3]]\n",
-      "We obtain the same determinant as before.\n",
-      "Now, applying some more row transformations as:\n",
-      "R3 = R3 - 5/4 * R2\n",
-      "R4 = R4 - 3/4 * R2\n",
-      "We get B as:\n",
-      "B = \n",
-      "[[ 1 -1  2  3]\n",
-      " [ 0  4 -4 -4]\n",
-      " [ 0  0 -4 -8]\n",
-      " [ 0  0  4  0]]\n",
-      "Now,determinant of A and B will be same\n",
-      "det A = det B =  128.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'Given Matrix:'\n",
-    "A = np.array([[1, -1, 2, 3],[ 2, 2, 0, 2],[ 4, 1 ,-1, -1],[1, 2, 3, 0]])\n",
-    "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
-    "print 'After, Subtracting muliples of row 1 from rows 2 3 4'\n",
-    "print 'R2 = R2 - 2*R1'\n",
-    "A[1,:] = A[1,:] - 2 * A[0,:]\n",
-    "print 'R3 = R3 - 4*R1'\n",
-    "A[2,:] = A[2,:] - 4 * A[0,:]\n",
-    "print 'R4 = R4 - R1'\n",
-    "A[3,:] = A[3,:] - A[0,:]\n",
-    "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
-    "T = A#                  #Temporary matrix to store A\n",
-    "print 'We obtain the same determinant as before.'\n",
-    "print 'Now, applying some more row transformations as:'\n",
-    "print 'R3 = R3 - 5/4 * R2'\n",
-    "T[2,:] = T[2,:] - 5./4 * T[1,:]\n",
-    "print 'R4 = R4 - 3/4 * R2'\n",
-    "T[3,:] = T[3,:] - 3./4 * T[1,:]\n",
-    "B = T#\n",
-    "print 'We get B as:'\n",
-    "print 'B = \\n',B\n",
-    "print 'Now,determinant of A and B will be same'\n",
-    "print 'det A = det B = ',np.linalg.det(B)\n",
-    "     "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Page 160 Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "A = \n",
-      "Matrix([[x**2 + x, x + 1], [x - 1, 1]])\n",
-      "B = \n",
-      "Matrix([[x**2 - 1, x + 2], [x**2 - 2*x + 3, x]])\n",
-      "det A =  x + 1\n",
-      "det B =  -6\n",
-      "Thus, A is not invertible over K whereas B is invertible\n",
-      "adj A =  Matrix([[(x + 1)*((x - 1)/(x*(x + 1)) + 1/(x*(x + 1))), -x - 1], [-x + 1, x*(x + 1)]])\n",
-      "adj B =  Matrix([[-6*(x + 2)*(-x**2/6 + 1/6)*(x**2 - 2*x + 3)/(x**2 - 1)**2 - 6/(x**2 - 1), 6*(x + 2)*(-x**2/6 + 1/6)/(x**2 - 1)], [6*(-x**2/6 + 1/6)*(x**2 - 2*x + 3)/(x**2 - 1), x**2 - 1]])\n",
-      "(adj A)A = (x+1)I\n",
-      "(adj B)B =  -6I\n",
-      "B inverse =  Matrix([[(x + 2)*(-x**2/6 + 1/6)*(x**2 - 2*x + 3)/(x**2 - 1)**2 + 1/(x**2 - 1), -(x + 2)*(-x**2/6 + 1/6)/(x**2 - 1)], [-(-x**2/6 + 1/6)*(x**2 - 2*x + 3)/(x**2 - 1), -x**2/6 + 1/6]])\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
-    "A = sp.Matrix(([x**2+x, x+1],[x-1, 1]))\n",
-    "B = sp.Matrix(([x**2-1, x+2],[x**2-2*x+3, x]))\n",
-    "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
-    "print 'B = \\n',B\n",
-    "print 'det A = ',A.det()\n",
-    "print 'det B = ',B.det()\n",
-    "print 'Thus, A is not invertible over K whereas B is invertible'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'adj A = ',(A**-1)*A.det()\n",
-    "print 'adj B = ',(B**-1)*B.det()\n",
-    "print '(adj A)A = (x+1)I'\n",
-    "print '(adj B)B =  -6I'\n",
-    "print 'B inverse = ',B**-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Page 161 Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "A = \n",
-      "[[1 2]\n",
-      " [3 4]]\n",
-      "det A =  Determinant of A is: -2.0\n",
-      "Adjoint of A is: [[-2.  -0. ]\n",
-      " [-0.  -0.5]]\n",
-      "Thus, A is not invertible as a matrix over the ring of integers.\n",
-      "But, A can be regarded as a matrix over field of rational numbers.\n",
-      "Then, A is invertible and Inverse of A is: [[-2.   1. ]\n",
-      " [ 1.5 -0.5]]\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A = np.array([[1, 2],[3, 4]])\n",
-    "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
-    "d = np.linalg.det(A)#\n",
-    "print 'det A = ','Determinant of A is:',d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ad = (d* np.identity(2)) / A\n",
-    "print 'Adjoint of A is:',ad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'Thus, A is not invertible as a matrix over the ring of integers.'\n",
-    "print 'But, A can be regarded as a matrix over field of rational numbers.'\n",
-    "In = np.linalg.inv(A)#\n",
-    "#The A inverse matrix given in book has a wrong entry of 1/2. It should be -1/2.\n",
-    "print 'Then, A is invertible and Inverse of A is:',In\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter6.ipynb b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter6.ipynb
index 9ad1cbe2..5499419a 100755..100644
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter6.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -34,13 +34,13 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix,eye\n",
     "print 'Standard ordered matrix for Linear operator T on R**2 is:'\n",
-    "A = sp.Matrix(([0, -1],[1 ,0]))\n",
+    "A = Matrix(([0, -1],[1 ,0]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'The characteristic polynomial for T or A is:',\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
-    "p = (x*sp.eye(2)-A)\n",
+    "x = Symbol(\"x\")\n",
+    "p = (x*eye(2)-A)\n",
     "print p\n",
     "print 'Since this polynomial has no real roots,T has no characteristic values.'"
    ]
@@ -84,28 +84,28 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "A = sp.Matrix(([3, 1, -1],[ 2, 2, -1],[2, 2, 0]))\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix,eye,solve\n",
+    "A = Matrix(([3, 1, -1],[ 2, 2, -1],[2, 2, 0]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial for A is:',\n",
-    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
+    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
     "p = A.charpoly(x)#\n",
     "print p.as_expr()\n",
     "print 'or'\n",
     "print '(x-1)(x-2)**2'\n",
     "\n",
-    "r = sp.solve(p.as_expr())#\n",
+    "r = solve(p.as_expr())#\n",
     "[m,n] = A.shape\n",
     "print 'The characteristic values of A are:'\n",
     "print r  #print round(r)\n",
-    "B = A-sp.eye(m)\n",
+    "B = A-eye(m)\n",
     "print 'Now, A-I = \\n',B\n",
     "\n",
     "print 'rank of A - I= ',B.rank()\n",
     "print 'So, nullity of T-I = 1'\n",
     "a1 = [1 ,0 ,2]#\n",
     "print 'The vector that spans the null space of T-I = ',a1\n",
-    "B = A-2*sp.eye(m)\n",
+    "B = A-2*eye(m)\n",
     "print 'Now,A-2I = \\n',B\n",
     "print 'rank of A - 2I= ',B.rank()\n",
     "print 'T*alpha = 2*alpha if alpha is a scalar multiple of a2'\n",
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -184,14 +184,14 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array,transpose,vstack,rank\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix,eye\n",
     "print 'Standard ordered matrix for Linear operator T on R**3 is:'\n",
-    "A = sp.Matrix(([5, -6, -6],[ -1, 4, 2],[ 3, -6, -4]))\n",
+    "A = Matrix(([5, -6, -6],[ -1, 4, 2],[ 3, -6, -4]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'xI - A = '\n",
-    "B = sp.eye(3)\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol('x')\n",
+    "B = eye(3)\n",
+    "x = Symbol('x')\n",
     "P = x*B - A#\n",
     "print P\n",
     "\n",
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@
     "print '=>'\n",
     "print ' * ', c\n",
     "print P\n",
-    "P = sp.Matrix(([P[0,0], P[0,2]],[P[2,0], P[2,2]]))\n",
+    "P = Matrix(([P[0,0], P[0,2]],[P[2,0], P[2,2]]))\n",
     "print '=>'\n",
     "print ' * ', c\n",
     "print P\n",
@@ -222,24 +222,24 @@
     "\n",
     "print 'Now, A - I = ',A-B\n",
     "print 'And, A- 2I = ',A-2*B\n",
-    "print 'rank(A-I) = ',np.rank(A-B)\n",
+    "print 'rank(A-I) = ',rank(A-B)\n",
     "\n",
-    "print 'rank(A-2I) = ',np.rank(A-2*B)\n",
+    "print 'rank(A-2I) = ',rank(A-2*B)\n",
     "print 'W1,W2 be the spaces of characteristic vectors associated with values 1,2'\n",
     "print 'So by theorem 2, T is diagonalizable'\n",
-    "a1 = np.array([[3, -1 ,3]])\n",
-    "a2 = np.array([[2, 1, 0]])\n",
-    "a3 = np.array([[2, 0, 1]])\n",
+    "a1 = array([[3, -1 ,3]])\n",
+    "a2 = array([[2, 1, 0]])\n",
+    "a3 = array([[2, 0, 1]])\n",
     "print 'Null space of (T- I) i.e basis of W1 is spanned by a1 = ',a1\n",
     "print 'Null space of (T- 2I) i.e. basis of W2 is spanned by vectors x1,x2,x3 such that x1 = 2x1 + 2x3'\n",
     "print 'One example :'\n",
     "print 'a2 = ',a2\n",
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
     "print 'The diagonal matrix is:'\n",
-    "D = np.array([[1 ,0 ,0 ],[0, 2, 0],[0, 0, 2]])\n",
+    "D = array([[1 ,0 ,0 ],[0, 2, 0],[0, 0, 2]])\n",
     "print 'D = ',D\n",
     "print 'The standard basis matrix is denoted as:'\n",
-    "P = np.transpose(np.vstack([a1,a2,a3]))\n",
+    "P = transpose(vstack([a1,a2,a3]))\n",
     "print 'P = ',P\n",
     "print 'AP = ',A*P\n",
     "print 'PD = ',P*D\n",
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -298,37 +298,37 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "from numpy import array,transpose,vstack,rank\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix,eye\n",
     "\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
-    "A = np.array([[5, -6, -6],[ -1, 4 ,2],[ 3, -6, -4]])   #Matrix given in Example 3\n",
+    "x = Symbol(\"x\")\n",
+    "A = array([[5, -6, -6],[ -1, 4 ,2],[ 3, -6, -4]])   #Matrix given in Example 3\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "f = (x-1)*(x-2)**2# \n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial of A is:'\n",
     "print 'f = (x-1)(x-2)**2'\n",
     "print 'i.e., f = ',f\n",
     "p = (x-1)*(x-2)#\n",
-    "print '(A-I)(A-2I) = ',(A-sp.eye(3))*(A-2 * sp.eye(3))\n",
+    "print '(A-I)(A-2I) = ',(A-eye(3))*(A-2 * eye(3))\n",
     "print 'Since, (A-I)(A-2I) = 0. So, Minimal polynomial for above is:'\n",
     "print 'p = ',p\n",
     "print '---------------------------------------'\n",
     "\n",
-    "A = np.array([[3, 1 ,-1],[ 2, 2 ,-1],[2, 2, 0]])    #Matrix given in Example 2\n",
+    "A = array([[3, 1 ,-1],[ 2, 2 ,-1],[2, 2, 0]])    #Matrix given in Example 2\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "f = (x-1)*(x-2)**2# \n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial of A is:'\n",
     "print 'f = (x-1)(x-2)**2'\n",
     "print 'i.e., f = ',f\n",
-    "print '(A-I)(A-2I) = ',(A-sp.eye(3))*(A-2 * sp.eye(3))\n",
+    "print '(A-I)(A-2I) = ',(A-eye(3))*(A-2 * eye(3))\n",
     "print 'Since, (A-I)(A-2I) is not equal to 0. T is not diagonalizable. So, Minimal polynomial cannot be p.'\n",
     "print '---------------------------------------'\n",
-    "A = np.array([[0, -1],[1, 0]])\n",
+    "A = array([[0, -1],[1, 0]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "f = x**2 + 1#\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial of A is:'\n",
     "print 'f = ',f\n",
-    "print 'A**2 + I = ',A**2 + sp.eye(2)\n",
+    "print 'A**2 + I = ',A**2 + eye(2)\n",
     "print 'Since, A**2 + I = 0, so minimal polynomial is'\n",
     "p = x**2 + 1\n",
     "print 'p = ',p"
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "A = \n",
+      " A = \n",
       "[[0 1 0 1]\n",
       " [1 0 1 0]\n",
       " [0 1 0 1]\n",
@@ -381,9 +381,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "A = np.array([[0, 1, 0, 1],[1, 0 ,1 ,0],[0, 1, 0, 1],[1, 0, 1, 0]])\n",
+    "from numpy import array,transpose,vstack,rank\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix,eye,solve\n",
+    "A = array([[0, 1, 0, 1],[1, 0 ,1 ,0],[0, 1, 0, 1],[1, 0, 1, 0]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Computing powers on A:'\n",
     "print 'A**2 = \\n',A*A\n",
@@ -393,12 +393,12 @@
     "    return pp\n",
     "print 'if p = x**3 - 4x, then'\n",
     "print 'p(A) = ',p(A)\n",
-    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
+    "x = Symbol(\"x\")\n",
     "f = x**3 - 4*x\n",
     "print 'Minimal polynomial for A is: ',f\n",
-    "print 'Characteristic values for A are:',sp.solve(f,x)\n",
-    "print 'Rank(A) = ',np.rank(A)\n",
-    "print 'So, from theorem 2, characteristic polynomial for A is:',sp.Matrix(A).charpoly(x).as_expr()"
+    "print 'Characteristic values for A are:',solve(f,x)\n",
+    "print 'Rank(A) = ',rank(A)\n",
+    "print 'So, from theorem 2, characteristic polynomial for A is:',Matrix(A).charpoly(x).as_expr()"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -420,51 +420,51 @@
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "A = \n",
-      "[[  9.   1.   3.]\n",
-      " [ 10.   1.   3.]\n",
-      " [ 10.   5.   1.]]\n",
+      "[[ 9.  3.  3.]\n",
+      " [ 7.  4.  4.]\n",
+      " [ 1.  1.  2.]]\n",
       "A transpose is:\n",
       "A' = \n",
-      "[[  9.  10.  10.]\n",
-      " [  1.   1.   5.]\n",
-      " [  3.   3.   1.]]\n",
+      "[[ 9.  7.  1.]\n",
+      " [ 3.  4.  1.]\n",
+      " [ 3.  4.  2.]]\n",
       "Since, A' is not equal to A, A is not a symmetric matrix.\n",
       "Since, A' is not equal to -A, A is not a skew-symmetric matrix.\n",
       "A can be expressed as sum of A1 and A2\n",
       "i.e., A = A1 + A2\n",
       "A1 = \n",
-      "[[ 9.   5.5  6.5]\n",
-      " [ 5.5  1.   4. ]\n",
-      " [ 6.5  4.   1. ]]\n",
+      "[[ 9.   5.   2. ]\n",
+      " [ 5.   4.   2.5]\n",
+      " [ 2.   2.5  2. ]]\n",
       "A2 = \n",
-      "[[ 0.  -4.5 -3.5]\n",
-      " [ 4.5  0.  -1. ]\n",
-      " [ 3.5  1.   0. ]]\n",
+      "[[ 0.  -2.   1. ]\n",
+      " [ 2.   0.   1.5]\n",
+      " [-1.  -1.5  0. ]]\n",
       "A1 + A2 = \n",
-      "[[  9.   1.   3.]\n",
-      " [ 10.   1.   3.]\n",
-      " [ 10.   5.   1.]]\n"
+      "[[ 9.  3.  3.]\n",
+      " [ 7.  4.  4.]\n",
+      " [ 1.  1.  2.]]\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array,transpose,random,equal\n",
     "\n",
-    "A = np.random.rand(3,3)\n",
+    "A = random.rand(3,3)\n",
     "for i in range(0,3):\n",
     "    for j in range(0,3):\n",
     "        A[i,j]=round(A[i,j]*10)\n",
     "    \n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'A transpose is:\\n',\n",
-    "Adash=np.transpose(A)\n",
+    "Adash=transpose(A)\n",
     "print \"A' = \\n\",Adash\n",
-    "if np.equal(Adash,A).all():\n",
+    "if equal(Adash,A).all():\n",
     "    print \"Since, A' = A, A is a symmetric matrix.\"\n",
     "else:\n",
     "    print \"Since, A' is not equal to A, A is not a symmetric matrix.\"\n",
     "\n",
-    "if np.equal(Adash,-A).all():\n",
+    "if equal(Adash,-A).all():\n",
     "    print \"Since, A' = -A, A is a skew-symmetric matrix.\"\n",
     "else:\n",
     "    print \"Since, A' is not equal to -A, A is not a skew-symmetric matrix.\"\n",
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter7.ipynb b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter7.ipynb
index 8aae5981..a6ddec49 100755..100644
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter7.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "A = sp.Matrix(([5, -6, -6],[-1, 4 ,2],[3, -6, -4]))\n",
+    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix\n",
+    "A = Matrix(([5, -6, -6],[-1, 4 ,2],[3, -6, -4]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
-    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
+    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
     "f = A.charpoly(x).as_expr()\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial for linear operator T on R**3 will be:'\n",
     "print 'f = ',f\n",
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
     "print 'pp2 = ',p*p2\n",
     "print 'i.e., pp2 = f'\n",
     "print 'Therefore, A is similar to B'\n",
-    "B = np.array([[0, -2, 0],[1, 3, 0],[0, 0 ,2]])\n",
+    "B = array([[0, -2, 0],[1, 3, 0],[0, 0 ,2]])\n",
     "print 'B = \\n',B\n",
     "print 'Thus, we can see thet Matrix of T in ordered basis is B'"
    ]
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -121,6 +121,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix\n",
+    "\n",
     "print 'A = '\n",
     "print '2   0   0'\n",
     "print 'a   2   0'\n",
@@ -128,20 +131,20 @@
     "a = 1#\n",
     "b = 0#\n",
     "c = 0#\n",
-    "A = sp.Matrix(([2, 0, 0],[a, 2, 0],[b, c, -1]))\n",
+    "A = Matrix(([2, 0, 0],[a, 2, 0],[b, c, -1]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial for A is:'\n",
-    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
+    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
     "print 'p = ',A.charpoly(x).as_expr()\n",
     "print 'In this case, minimal polynomial is same as characteristic polynomial.'\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------'\n",
     "a = 0#\n",
     "b = 0#\n",
     "c = 0#\n",
-    "A = sp.Matrix(([2, 0, 0],[a, 2, 0],[b, c, -1]))\n",
+    "A = Matrix(([2, 0, 0],[a, 2, 0],[b, c, -1]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial for A is:'\n",
-    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
+    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
     "print 'p = ',A.charpoly(x).as_expr()\n",
     "print 'In this case, minimal polynomial is:',\n",
     "print '(x-2)(x+1)'\n",
@@ -164,7 +167,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -191,14 +194,16 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix\n",
     "print 'A = '\n",
     "print '2   0   0   0'\n",
     "print '1   2   0   0'\n",
     "print '0   0   2   0'\n",
     "print '0   0   a   2'\n",
     "print 'Considering a = 1'\n",
-    "A = sp.Matrix(([2, 0 ,0 ,0],[1, 2, 0, 0],[0, 0 ,2 ,0],[0, 0, 1, 2]))\n",
-    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
+    "A = Matrix(([2, 0 ,0 ,0],[1, 2, 0, 0],[0, 0 ,2 ,0],[0, 0, 1, 2]))\n",
+    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
     "p = A.charpoly(x).as_expr()\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial for A is:'\n",
     "print 'p = ',p\n",
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter8.ipynb b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter8.ipynb
index 6f1bfe72..6759a185 100755..100644
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter8.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -25,31 +25,30 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "n =  5\n",
-      "a =  [[ 1.  4.  2.  8.  8.]]\n",
-      "b =  [[ 10.   8.   3.   1.   8.]]\n",
+      "n =  4\n",
+      "a =  [[ 1.  5.  4.  1.]]\n",
+      "b =  [[ 8.  6.  6.  8.]]\n",
       "Then, (a|b) = \n",
       "\n",
-      "[[ 10.  40.  20.  80.  80.]\n",
-      " [  8.  32.  16.  64.  64.]\n",
-      " [  3.  12.   6.  24.  24.]\n",
-      " [  1.   4.   2.   8.   8.]\n",
-      " [  8.  32.  16.  64.  64.]]\n"
+      "[[  8.  40.  32.   8.]\n",
+      " [  6.  30.  24.   6.]\n",
+      " [  6.  30.  24.   6.]\n",
+      " [  8.  40.  32.   8.]]\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "n=np.random.randint(2,9)\n",
-    "a=np.random.rand(1,n)\n",
-    "b=np.random.rand(1,n)\n",
+    "from numpy import array,random,transpose\n",
+    "n=random.randint(2,9)\n",
+    "a=random.rand(1,n)\n",
+    "b=random.rand(1,n)\n",
     "for i in range(0,n):\n",
     "    a[0,i]=round(a[0,i]*10)\n",
     "    b[0,i]=round(b[0,i]*10)\n",
     "print 'n = ',n\n",
     "print 'a = ',a\n",
     "print 'b = ',b\n",
-    "print 'Then, (a|b) = \\n\\n',a*np.transpose(b)"
+    "print 'Then, (a|b) = \\n\\n',a*transpose(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -70,16 +69,16 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "a =  [[ 4.  3.]]\n",
-      "b =  [[ 7.  5.]]\n",
-      "Then, a|b =  47.0\n"
+      "a =  [[ 9.  4.]]\n",
+      "b =  [[ 1.  9.]]\n",
+      "Then, a|b =  68.0\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "a=np.random.rand(1,2)\n",
-    "b=np.random.rand(1,2)\n",
+    "from numpy import array,random,transpose\n",
+    "a=random.rand(1,2)\n",
+    "b=random.rand(1,2)\n",
     "for i in range(0,2):\n",
     "    a[0,i]=round(a[0,i]*10)\n",
     "    b[0,i]=round(b[0,i]*10)\n",
@@ -102,7 +101,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -112,62 +111,62 @@
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "x1 and x2  are two real nos. i.e., x1**2 + x2**2 = 1\n",
-      "x1 =  0.383547227589\n",
-      "x2 =  0.923521263539\n",
+      "x1 =  0.248003219206\n",
+      "x2 =  0.968759208092\n",
       "B = \n",
-      "[[ 0.38354723  0.92352126  0.        ]\n",
+      "[[ 0.24800322  0.96875921  0.        ]\n",
       " [ 0.          1.          0.        ]\n",
       " [ 0.          0.          1.        ]]\n",
       "Applying Gram-Schmidt process to B:\n",
-      "a1 =  [ 0.38354723  0.92352126  0.        ]\n",
-      "a2 =  [-0.35421402  0.14710848  0.        ]\n",
+      "a1 =  [ 0.24800322  0.96875921  0.        ]\n",
+      "a2 =  [-0.2402554  0.0615056  0.       ]\n",
       "a3 =  [0 0 1]\n",
       "U = \n",
-      "[[[ 0.38354723  0.92352126  0.        ]]\n",
+      "[[[ 0.24800322  0.96875921  0.        ]]\n",
       "\n",
-      " [[-0.92352126  0.38354723  0.        ]]\n",
+      " [[-0.96875921  0.24800322  0.        ]]\n",
       "\n",
       " [[ 0.          0.          1.        ]]]\n",
       "M = \n",
       "[[ 1.          0.          0.        ]\n",
-      " [-2.40784236  2.60724085  0.        ]\n",
+      " [-3.90623642  4.03220572  0.        ]\n",
       " [ 0.          0.          1.        ]]\n",
-      "inverse(M) * U =  [[[  3.83547228e-01  -4.25822963e-17   0.00000000e+00]\n",
-      "  [  3.54214020e-01   3.54214020e-01   0.00000000e+00]\n",
-      "  [  0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]]\n",
+      "inverse(M) * U =  [[[ 0.24800322 -0.         -0.        ]\n",
+      "  [ 0.2402554   0.2402554   0.        ]\n",
+      "  [ 0.          0.          0.        ]]\n",
       "\n",
-      " [[ -9.23521264e-01  -1.76848356e-17   0.00000000e+00]\n",
-      "  [ -8.52891524e-01   1.47108476e-01   0.00000000e+00]\n",
-      "  [ -0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]]\n",
+      " [[-0.96875921 -0.         -0.        ]\n",
+      "  [-0.9384944   0.0615056   0.        ]\n",
+      "  [-0.          0.          0.        ]]\n",
       "\n",
-      " [[  0.00000000e+00  -0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]\n",
-      "  [  0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]\n",
-      "  [  0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   1.00000000e+00]]]\n",
+      " [[ 0.         -0.         -0.        ]\n",
+      "  [ 0.          0.          0.        ]\n",
+      "  [ 0.          0.          1.        ]]]\n",
       "So, B = inverse(M) * U\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array,random,transpose,linalg,sqrt\n",
     "print 'x1 and x2  are two real nos. i.e., x1**2 + x2**2 = 1'\n",
-    "x1 = np.random.rand()\n",
-    "x2 = np.sqrt(1 - x1**2)\n",
+    "x1 = random.rand()\n",
+    "x2 = sqrt(1 - x1**2)\n",
     "print 'x1 = ',x1\n",
     "print 'x2 = ',x2\n",
-    "B = np.array([[x1, x2, 0],[0, 1, 0],[0, 0, 1]])\n",
+    "B = array([[x1, x2, 0],[0, 1, 0],[0, 0, 1]])\n",
     "print 'B = \\n',B\n",
     "print 'Applying Gram-Schmidt process to B:'\n",
-    "a1 = np.array([x1, x2, 0])\n",
-    "a2 = np.array([0 ,1 ,0]) - x2 * np.array([x1 ,x2 ,0])\n",
-    "a3 = np.array([0, 0, 1])\n",
+    "a1 = array([x1, x2, 0])\n",
+    "a2 = array([0 ,1 ,0]) - x2 * array([x1 ,x2 ,0])\n",
+    "a3 = array([0, 0, 1])\n",
     "print 'a1 = ',a1\n",
     "print 'a2 = ',a2\n",
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
-    "U = np.array([[a1],[a2/x1],[a3]])\n",
+    "U = array([[a1],[a2/x1],[a3]])\n",
     "print 'U = \\n',U\n",
-    "M = np.array([[1, 0, 0],[-x2/x1, 1/x1, 0],[0, 0, 1]])\n",
+    "M = array([[1, 0, 0],[-x2/x1, 1/x1, 0],[0, 0, 1]])\n",
     "print 'M = \\n',M\n",
-    "print 'inverse(M) * U = ',np.linalg.inv(M) * U\n",
+    "print 'inverse(M) * U = ',linalg.inv(M) * U\n",
     "print 'So, B = inverse(M) * U'"
    ]
   },
@@ -180,7 +179,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -189,8 +188,8 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "(x,y) =  [[ 5.  3.]]\n",
-      "(-y,x) =  [-3.0, 5.0]\n",
+      "(x,y) =  [[ 7.  4.]]\n",
+      "(-y,x) =  [-4.0, 7.0]\n",
       "Inner product of these vectors is:\n",
       "(x,y)|(-y,x) =  0.0\n",
       "So, these are orthogonal.\n",
@@ -202,16 +201,16 @@
       "or\n",
       "y = 1/2(-3 - sqrt(13))*x\n",
       "Hence,\n",
-      "[[ 5.  3.]]\n",
+      "[[ 7.  4.]]\n",
       "is orthogonal to\n",
-      "[-3.0, 5.0]\n"
+      "[-4.0, 7.0]\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import array,random,transpose,linalg,sqrt\n",
     "#a = round(rand(1,2) * 10)#\n",
-    "a=np.random.rand(1,2)\n",
+    "a=random.rand(1,2)\n",
     "for j in [0,1]:\n",
     "    a[0,j]=round(a[0,j]*10)\n",
     "\n",
@@ -233,7 +232,7 @@
     "print 'or'\n",
     "print 'y = 1/2(-3 - sqrt(13))*x'\n",
     "print 'Hence,'\n",
-    "if y == (1./2*(-3 + np.sqrt(13))*x) or (1./2*(-3 - np.sqrt(13))*x):\n",
+    "if y == (1./2*(-3 + sqrt(13))*x) or (1./2*(-3 - sqrt(13))*x):\n",
     "    print a\n",
     "    print 'is orthogonal to'\n",
     "    print b\n",
@@ -252,7 +251,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -284,19 +283,19 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "b1 = np.array([3, 0, 4])\n",
-    "b2 = np.array([-1 ,0 ,7])\n",
-    "b3 = np.array([2 ,9 ,11])\n",
+    "from numpy import array,random,transpose,linalg,sqrt\n",
+    "b1 = array([3, 0, 4])\n",
+    "b2 = array([-1 ,0 ,7])\n",
+    "b3 = array([2 ,9 ,11])\n",
     "print 'b1 = ',b1\n",
     "print 'b2 = ',b2\n",
     "print 'b3 = ',b3\n",
     "print 'Applying the Gram-Schmidt process to b1,b2,b3:'\n",
     "a1 = b1\n",
     "print 'a1 = ',a1\n",
-    "a2 = b2-(np.transpose((b2*np.transpose(b1)))/25*b1)\n",
+    "a2 = b2-(transpose((b2*transpose(b1)))/25*b1)\n",
     "print 'a2 = ',a2\n",
-    "a3 = b3-(np.transpose(b3*np.transpose(b1))/25*b1) - (np.transpose(b3*np.transpose(a2))/25*a2)\n",
+    "a3 = b3-(transpose(b3*transpose(b1))/25*b1) - (transpose(b3*transpose(a2))/25*a2)\n",
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
     "print '{a1,a2,a3} are mutually orthogonal and hence forms orthogonal basis for R**3'\n",
     "print 'Any arbitrary vector {x1,x2,x3} in R**3 can be expressed as:'\n",
@@ -326,7 +325,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -335,12 +334,12 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "A =  [[ 1.25598176  1.81258697]\n",
-      " [ 0.6193707   0.80341686]]\n",
-      "b1 =  [ 1.25598176  1.81258697]\n",
-      "b2 =  [ 0.6193707   0.80341686]\n",
+      "A =  [[ 1.83351494  1.26265003]\n",
+      " [ 0.46651205  0.76790774]]\n",
+      "b1 =  [ 1.83351494  1.26265003]\n",
+      "b2 =  [ 0.46651205  0.76790774]\n",
       "Applying the orthogonalization process to b1,b2:\n",
-      "[1.255981755902444, 1.8125869670307564] a1 = \n",
+      "[1.8335149394280341, 1.2626500316837608] a1 = \n",
       "[] a2 = \n",
       "a2 is not equal to zero if and only if b1 and b2 are linearly independent.\n",
       "That is, if determinant of A is non-zero.\n"
@@ -348,8 +347,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "A = np.random.rand(2,2)\n",
+    "from numpy import array,random,transpose,linalg,sqrt\n",
+    "A = random.rand(2,2)\n",
     "A[0,:] = A[0,:] + 1# #so b1 is not equal to zero\n",
     "a = A[0,0]\n",
     "b = A[0,1]\n",
@@ -363,7 +362,7 @@
     "print 'Applying the orthogonalization process to b1,b2:'\n",
     "\n",
     "a1 = [a, b]\n",
-    "a2 = (np.linalg.det(A)/(a**2 + b**2))*[-np.transpose(b), np.transpose(a)]\n",
+    "a2 = (linalg.det(A)/(a**2 + b**2))*[-transpose(b), transpose(a)]\n",
     "print a1,'a1 = '\n",
     "print a2,'a2 = '\n",
     "print 'a2 is not equal to zero if and only if b1 and b2 are linearly independent.'\n",
@@ -379,7 +378,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -400,13 +399,13 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "v = np.array([-10 ,2 ,8])\n",
-    "u = np.array([3, 12, -1])\n",
+    "from numpy import array,random,transpose,linalg,sqrt\n",
+    "v = array([-10 ,2 ,8])\n",
+    "u = array([3, 12, -1])\n",
     "print 'v = ',v\n",
     "print 'u = ',u\n",
     "print 'Orthogonal projection of v1 on subspace W spanned by v2 is given by:'\n",
-    "a = (np.transpose(u*np.transpose(v)))/(u[0]**2 + u[1]**2 + u[2]**2) * u\n",
+    "a = (transpose(u*transpose(v)))/(u[0]**2 + u[1]**2 + u[2]**2) * u\n",
     "print a\n",
     "print 'Orthogonal projection of R**3 on W is the linear transformation E given by:'\n",
     "print '(x1,x2,x3) -> (3*x1 + 12*x2 - x3)/%d * (3 12 -1)',(u[0]**2 + u[1]**2 + u[2]**2)\n",
@@ -423,7 +422,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -438,7 +437,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,cos,sin,pi,sqrt\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad,cos,sin,pi,sqrt\n",
     "\n",
     "#part c\n",
     "print 'f = (sqrt(2)*cos(2*pi*t) + sqrt(2)*sin(4*pi*t))**2'\n",
@@ -458,7 +457,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -496,7 +495,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import vstack,array,transpose,conj\n",
     "#Equation given in example 14 is used.\n",
     "def transform(x,y,z):\n",
     "    x1 = 3*x#\n",
@@ -509,10 +508,10 @@
     "t1 = transform(3,3,3)#\n",
     "t2 = transform(12,12,12)#\n",
     "t3 = transform(-1,-1,-1)#\n",
-    "A = np.vstack([t1,t2,t3])#[t1# t2# t3]#\n",
+    "A = vstack([t1,t2,t3])#[t1# t2# t3]#\n",
     "print 'A = 1/154  *  ',A\n",
     "\n",
-    "A1 = np.transpose(np.conj(A))\n",
+    "A1 = transpose(conj(A))\n",
     "print 'A* = ',A1\n",
     "print 'Since, E = E* and A = A*, then A is also the matrix of E*'\n",
     "a1 = [154, 0, 0]#\n",
@@ -528,10 +527,10 @@
     "print 'Ea1 = ',Ea1\n",
     "print 'Ea2 = ',Ea2\n",
     "print 'Ea3 = ',Ea3\n",
-    "B = np.array([[-1, 0, 0],[-1, 0 ,0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
+    "B = array([[-1, 0, 0],[-1, 0 ,0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
     "print 'Matrix B of E in the basis is:'\n",
     "print 'B = \\n',B\n",
-    "B1 = np.transpose(np.conj(B))\n",
+    "B1 = transpose(conj(B))\n",
     "print 'B* = \\n',B1\n",
     "print 'Since, B is not equal to B*, B is not the matrix of E*'"
    ]
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10.ipynb
index 6ff19606..e89d127d 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10.ipynb
@@ -400,7 +400,6 @@
     "#variable declaration \n",
     "#M=600*1000*y #moment,N-mm\n",
     "#f*Z=M,f is extreme fibre stress.\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
     "y=float(5) \n",
     "print \"y=\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",
     "\n",
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_AzBO5oY.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_AzBO5oY.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e89d127d..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_AzBO5oY.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,571 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter10-STRESSES IN BEAMS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.1 page number 319\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) w= 5.76 KN/m\n",
-      "(ii) P= 9.72 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A simply supported beam of span 3.0 m has a cross-section 120 mm × 180 mm. If the permissible stress in the material of the beam is 10 N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=float(120)           \n",
-    "d=float(180)           \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I=(b*d^3)/12,Ymax=d/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=(b*pow(d,2))/6  \n",
-    "fper=float(10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=3\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum udl beam can carry be w/metre length \n",
-    "#In this case, we know that maximum moment occurs at mid span and is equal to Mmax = (wL^2)/8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=(Mmax*8)/(pow(L,2)*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Concentrated load at distance 1 m from the support be P kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(1)           #distance of point at which load is applied from left,m\n",
-    "b=float(2)           #distance of point at which load is applied from right,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(L*Mmax)/(a*b*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(ii) P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.2 page number 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " P= 4.52 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A circular steel pipe of external diameter 60 mm and thickness 8 mm is used as a simply supported beam over an effective span of 2 m. If permissible stress in steel is 150 N/mm^2, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=float(60)            #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "d=float(44)             #Thickness,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*(pow(D,4)-pow(d,4)))/64         #Area moment of inertia,mm^4\n",
-    "Ymax=float(30)                       #extreme fibre distance,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/Ymax  \n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum load it can carry be P kN.\n",
-    "L=float(2)\n",
-    "P=(4*Mmax)/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.3 page number 321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 68.49 KN/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#the cross-section of a cantilever beam of 2.5 m span. Material used is steel for which maximum permissible stress is 150 N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=float(180)               #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)               #height of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "a=float(170)               #width of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "h=float(380)               #Height of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=((A*pow(H,3))/12)-((a*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "ymax=float(200)            #extreme fibre,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If udl is w kN/m, maximum moment in cantilever\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=2  #m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=Mmax/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.4 page number 323"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 8.608\n",
-      "(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 6.087\n",
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 10.171\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Compare the moment carrying capacity of the section given in example 10.3 with equivalent section of the same area but (i) square section (ii) rectangular section with depth twice the width and (iii) a circular section.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=180.0*10.0+380.0*10.0+180.0*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If ‘a’ is the size of the equivalent square section, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(sqrt(A))       #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(a*pow(a,3))/12  #Moment of inertia of this section, mm^4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=a/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=150.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mcc=f*Z          #Moment carrying capacity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/Mcc\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent rectangular section of depth twice the width. Let b be the width,Depth d = 2b. Equating its area to area of I-section,we get\n",
-    "b=sqrt(7400/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=b*(pow((2*b),3))/12\n",
-    " \n",
-    "M=f*I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent circular section. Let diameter be d.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(7400*4/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*pow(d,4))/64\n",
-    "ymax=d/2\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "M=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.5 page number 324"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 127.632 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A symmetric I-section of size 180 mm × 40 mm, 8 mm thick is strengthened with 240 mm × 10 mm rectangular plate on top flange. If permissible stress in the material is 150 N/mm^2, determine how much concentrated load the beam of this section can carry at centre of 4 m span. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=float(240)\n",
-    "b=float(180)\n",
-    "t=float(10)\n",
-    "h=float(400)\n",
-    "w=float(8)\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(240*10+180*8+384*8+180*8)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(240*10*405+180*8*(400-4)+384*8*200+180*8*4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(t,3)/12)+(b1*t*(pow(((h+5)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow(((h-4)-Y),2)))+(w*pow((h-16),3)/12)+((h-16)*w*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow((4-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h+t/2)-Y\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "ymax=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=150\n",
-    "M=fper*Z/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let P kN be the central concentrated load the simply supported beam can carry. Then max bending movement in the beam\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=M*4/(w/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,3),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.6 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 2.734 KN/m\n",
-      "calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The cross-section of a cast iron beam. The top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension. Permissible stress in tension is 30 N/mm^2 and its value in compression is 90 N/mm^2\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "b1=float(75)\n",
-    "h1=50\n",
-    "h2=50\n",
-    "b2=float(150)\n",
-    "t=float(25)\n",
-    "h=float(200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(75*50+25*100+150*50)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(75*50*175+25*100*100+150*50*25)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(h1,3)/12)+(b1*h1*(pow(((h-(h1/2))-Y),2)))+(t*pow((h-h1-h2),3)/12)+(t*(h-h1-h2)*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b2*pow(h2,3)/12)+(b2*h2*(pow(((h2/2)-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h-Y)\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=I/ytop\n",
-    "fperc=90\n",
-    "#Top fibres are in compression. Hence from consideration of compression strength, moment carrying capacity of the beam is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M1=fperc*Z1/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bottom fibres are in tension. Hence from consideration of tension, moment carrying capacity of the section is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z2=I/ybottom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fpert=30    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M2=fpert*Z2/1000000        #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Actual moment carrying capacity is the lower value of the above two values. Hence moment carrying capacity of the section is \n",
-    "Mmax=min(M1,M2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(5)\n",
-    "w=sqrt(Mmax*8/pow(L,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"w=\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "print\"calculation mistake in book\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.7 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "y= 5.0 m\n",
-      "f= 5.24 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The diameter of a concrete flag post varies from 240 mm at base to 120 mm at top. The height of the post is 10 m. If the post is subjected to a horizontal force of 600 N at top\n",
-    "#Consider a section y metres from top. Diameter at this section is d.\n",
-    "#d=120+12*y\n",
-    "#I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "#Z=I*2/d=pi*pow(d,3)/32\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "#M=600*1000*y #moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#f*Z=M,f is extreme fibre stress.\n",
-    "y=float(5) \n",
-    "print \"y=\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Stress at this section f is given by\n",
-    "P=600\n",
-    "M=P*y*1000\n",
-    "d=120+12*y\n",
-    "I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "Z=I*2/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M/Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",round(f,3),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.9 page number 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "b= 150.0 mm\n",
-      "d= 300.0 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Design a timber beam is to carry a load of 5 kN/m over a simply supported span of 6 m. Permissible stress in timber is 10 N/mm2. Keep depth twice the width.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "w=float(5)                  #KN/m\n",
-    "L=float(6)                  #m \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/8              #Maximum bending moment,N-mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let b be the width and d the depth. Then in this problem d = 2b.\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6=2*(b**3)/3\n",
-    "f=10                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "b=float(((M*3)/(2*f))**(0.3333))\n",
-    "print \"b=\",round(b),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=2*b\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.10 page number 329\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 164.3 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#A cantilever of 3 m span, carrying uniformly distributed load of 3 kN/m is to be designed using cast iron rectangular section. Permissible stresses in cast iron are f = 30 N/mm^2 in tension and fc = 90 N/mm^2 in compression\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(3)                    #Span of cantilever,m\n",
-    "w=float(3)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/2        #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#let b be the width and d the depth\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since it is rectangular section, N-A lies at mid-depth, and stresses at top and bottom are same. Hence, permissible tensile stress value is reached earlier and it governs the design.\n",
-    "fper=30                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "b=100                         #mm\n",
-    "f=30   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt((M*6)/(b*f))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,1),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.11 page number 330"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 23.11 mm\n",
-      "select 25mm bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the diameter of the bar be ‘d’. Now, W = 800 N L = 1 m = 1000 mm\n",
-    "L=1000\n",
-    "W=800\n",
-    "M=W*L/4                     #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "f=150                       #permissible stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float((((M*32)/(pi*f)))**(0.33))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"select 25mm bar \"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_LGPoR7F.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_LGPoR7F.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e89d127d..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_LGPoR7F.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,571 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter10-STRESSES IN BEAMS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.1 page number 319\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) w= 5.76 KN/m\n",
-      "(ii) P= 9.72 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A simply supported beam of span 3.0 m has a cross-section 120 mm × 180 mm. If the permissible stress in the material of the beam is 10 N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=float(120)           \n",
-    "d=float(180)           \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I=(b*d^3)/12,Ymax=d/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=(b*pow(d,2))/6  \n",
-    "fper=float(10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=3\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum udl beam can carry be w/metre length \n",
-    "#In this case, we know that maximum moment occurs at mid span and is equal to Mmax = (wL^2)/8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=(Mmax*8)/(pow(L,2)*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Concentrated load at distance 1 m from the support be P kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(1)           #distance of point at which load is applied from left,m\n",
-    "b=float(2)           #distance of point at which load is applied from right,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(L*Mmax)/(a*b*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(ii) P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.2 page number 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " P= 4.52 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A circular steel pipe of external diameter 60 mm and thickness 8 mm is used as a simply supported beam over an effective span of 2 m. If permissible stress in steel is 150 N/mm^2, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=float(60)            #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "d=float(44)             #Thickness,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*(pow(D,4)-pow(d,4)))/64         #Area moment of inertia,mm^4\n",
-    "Ymax=float(30)                       #extreme fibre distance,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/Ymax  \n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum load it can carry be P kN.\n",
-    "L=float(2)\n",
-    "P=(4*Mmax)/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.3 page number 321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 68.49 KN/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#the cross-section of a cantilever beam of 2.5 m span. Material used is steel for which maximum permissible stress is 150 N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=float(180)               #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)               #height of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "a=float(170)               #width of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "h=float(380)               #Height of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=((A*pow(H,3))/12)-((a*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "ymax=float(200)            #extreme fibre,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If udl is w kN/m, maximum moment in cantilever\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=2  #m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=Mmax/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.4 page number 323"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 8.608\n",
-      "(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 6.087\n",
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 10.171\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Compare the moment carrying capacity of the section given in example 10.3 with equivalent section of the same area but (i) square section (ii) rectangular section with depth twice the width and (iii) a circular section.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=180.0*10.0+380.0*10.0+180.0*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If ‘a’ is the size of the equivalent square section, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(sqrt(A))       #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(a*pow(a,3))/12  #Moment of inertia of this section, mm^4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=a/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=150.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mcc=f*Z          #Moment carrying capacity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/Mcc\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent rectangular section of depth twice the width. Let b be the width,Depth d = 2b. Equating its area to area of I-section,we get\n",
-    "b=sqrt(7400/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=b*(pow((2*b),3))/12\n",
-    " \n",
-    "M=f*I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent circular section. Let diameter be d.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(7400*4/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*pow(d,4))/64\n",
-    "ymax=d/2\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "M=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.5 page number 324"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 127.632 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A symmetric I-section of size 180 mm × 40 mm, 8 mm thick is strengthened with 240 mm × 10 mm rectangular plate on top flange. If permissible stress in the material is 150 N/mm^2, determine how much concentrated load the beam of this section can carry at centre of 4 m span. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=float(240)\n",
-    "b=float(180)\n",
-    "t=float(10)\n",
-    "h=float(400)\n",
-    "w=float(8)\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(240*10+180*8+384*8+180*8)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(240*10*405+180*8*(400-4)+384*8*200+180*8*4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(t,3)/12)+(b1*t*(pow(((h+5)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow(((h-4)-Y),2)))+(w*pow((h-16),3)/12)+((h-16)*w*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow((4-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h+t/2)-Y\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "ymax=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=150\n",
-    "M=fper*Z/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let P kN be the central concentrated load the simply supported beam can carry. Then max bending movement in the beam\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=M*4/(w/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,3),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.6 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 2.734 KN/m\n",
-      "calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The cross-section of a cast iron beam. The top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension. Permissible stress in tension is 30 N/mm^2 and its value in compression is 90 N/mm^2\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "b1=float(75)\n",
-    "h1=50\n",
-    "h2=50\n",
-    "b2=float(150)\n",
-    "t=float(25)\n",
-    "h=float(200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(75*50+25*100+150*50)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(75*50*175+25*100*100+150*50*25)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(h1,3)/12)+(b1*h1*(pow(((h-(h1/2))-Y),2)))+(t*pow((h-h1-h2),3)/12)+(t*(h-h1-h2)*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b2*pow(h2,3)/12)+(b2*h2*(pow(((h2/2)-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h-Y)\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=I/ytop\n",
-    "fperc=90\n",
-    "#Top fibres are in compression. Hence from consideration of compression strength, moment carrying capacity of the beam is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M1=fperc*Z1/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bottom fibres are in tension. Hence from consideration of tension, moment carrying capacity of the section is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z2=I/ybottom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fpert=30    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M2=fpert*Z2/1000000        #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Actual moment carrying capacity is the lower value of the above two values. Hence moment carrying capacity of the section is \n",
-    "Mmax=min(M1,M2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(5)\n",
-    "w=sqrt(Mmax*8/pow(L,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"w=\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "print\"calculation mistake in book\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.7 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "y= 5.0 m\n",
-      "f= 5.24 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The diameter of a concrete flag post varies from 240 mm at base to 120 mm at top. The height of the post is 10 m. If the post is subjected to a horizontal force of 600 N at top\n",
-    "#Consider a section y metres from top. Diameter at this section is d.\n",
-    "#d=120+12*y\n",
-    "#I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "#Z=I*2/d=pi*pow(d,3)/32\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "#M=600*1000*y #moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#f*Z=M,f is extreme fibre stress.\n",
-    "y=float(5) \n",
-    "print \"y=\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Stress at this section f is given by\n",
-    "P=600\n",
-    "M=P*y*1000\n",
-    "d=120+12*y\n",
-    "I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "Z=I*2/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M/Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",round(f,3),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.9 page number 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "b= 150.0 mm\n",
-      "d= 300.0 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Design a timber beam is to carry a load of 5 kN/m over a simply supported span of 6 m. Permissible stress in timber is 10 N/mm2. Keep depth twice the width.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "w=float(5)                  #KN/m\n",
-    "L=float(6)                  #m \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/8              #Maximum bending moment,N-mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let b be the width and d the depth. Then in this problem d = 2b.\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6=2*(b**3)/3\n",
-    "f=10                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "b=float(((M*3)/(2*f))**(0.3333))\n",
-    "print \"b=\",round(b),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=2*b\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.10 page number 329\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 164.3 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#A cantilever of 3 m span, carrying uniformly distributed load of 3 kN/m is to be designed using cast iron rectangular section. Permissible stresses in cast iron are f = 30 N/mm^2 in tension and fc = 90 N/mm^2 in compression\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(3)                    #Span of cantilever,m\n",
-    "w=float(3)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/2        #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#let b be the width and d the depth\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since it is rectangular section, N-A lies at mid-depth, and stresses at top and bottom are same. Hence, permissible tensile stress value is reached earlier and it governs the design.\n",
-    "fper=30                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "b=100                         #mm\n",
-    "f=30   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt((M*6)/(b*f))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,1),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.11 page number 330"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 23.11 mm\n",
-      "select 25mm bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the diameter of the bar be ‘d’. Now, W = 800 N L = 1 m = 1000 mm\n",
-    "L=1000\n",
-    "W=800\n",
-    "M=W*L/4                     #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "f=150                       #permissible stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float((((M*32)/(pi*f)))**(0.33))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"select 25mm bar \"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_PDCS2qh.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_PDCS2qh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e89d127d..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_PDCS2qh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,571 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter10-STRESSES IN BEAMS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.1 page number 319\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) w= 5.76 KN/m\n",
-      "(ii) P= 9.72 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A simply supported beam of span 3.0 m has a cross-section 120 mm × 180 mm. If the permissible stress in the material of the beam is 10 N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=float(120)           \n",
-    "d=float(180)           \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I=(b*d^3)/12,Ymax=d/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=(b*pow(d,2))/6  \n",
-    "fper=float(10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=3\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum udl beam can carry be w/metre length \n",
-    "#In this case, we know that maximum moment occurs at mid span and is equal to Mmax = (wL^2)/8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=(Mmax*8)/(pow(L,2)*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Concentrated load at distance 1 m from the support be P kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(1)           #distance of point at which load is applied from left,m\n",
-    "b=float(2)           #distance of point at which load is applied from right,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(L*Mmax)/(a*b*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(ii) P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.2 page number 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " P= 4.52 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A circular steel pipe of external diameter 60 mm and thickness 8 mm is used as a simply supported beam over an effective span of 2 m. If permissible stress in steel is 150 N/mm^2, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=float(60)            #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "d=float(44)             #Thickness,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*(pow(D,4)-pow(d,4)))/64         #Area moment of inertia,mm^4\n",
-    "Ymax=float(30)                       #extreme fibre distance,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/Ymax  \n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum load it can carry be P kN.\n",
-    "L=float(2)\n",
-    "P=(4*Mmax)/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.3 page number 321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 68.49 KN/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#the cross-section of a cantilever beam of 2.5 m span. Material used is steel for which maximum permissible stress is 150 N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=float(180)               #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)               #height of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "a=float(170)               #width of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "h=float(380)               #Height of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=((A*pow(H,3))/12)-((a*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "ymax=float(200)            #extreme fibre,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If udl is w kN/m, maximum moment in cantilever\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=2  #m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=Mmax/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.4 page number 323"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 8.608\n",
-      "(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 6.087\n",
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 10.171\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Compare the moment carrying capacity of the section given in example 10.3 with equivalent section of the same area but (i) square section (ii) rectangular section with depth twice the width and (iii) a circular section.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=180.0*10.0+380.0*10.0+180.0*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If ‘a’ is the size of the equivalent square section, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(sqrt(A))       #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(a*pow(a,3))/12  #Moment of inertia of this section, mm^4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=a/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=150.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mcc=f*Z          #Moment carrying capacity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/Mcc\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent rectangular section of depth twice the width. Let b be the width,Depth d = 2b. Equating its area to area of I-section,we get\n",
-    "b=sqrt(7400/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=b*(pow((2*b),3))/12\n",
-    " \n",
-    "M=f*I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent circular section. Let diameter be d.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(7400*4/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*pow(d,4))/64\n",
-    "ymax=d/2\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "M=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.5 page number 324"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 127.632 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A symmetric I-section of size 180 mm × 40 mm, 8 mm thick is strengthened with 240 mm × 10 mm rectangular plate on top flange. If permissible stress in the material is 150 N/mm^2, determine how much concentrated load the beam of this section can carry at centre of 4 m span. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=float(240)\n",
-    "b=float(180)\n",
-    "t=float(10)\n",
-    "h=float(400)\n",
-    "w=float(8)\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(240*10+180*8+384*8+180*8)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(240*10*405+180*8*(400-4)+384*8*200+180*8*4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(t,3)/12)+(b1*t*(pow(((h+5)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow(((h-4)-Y),2)))+(w*pow((h-16),3)/12)+((h-16)*w*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow((4-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h+t/2)-Y\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "ymax=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=150\n",
-    "M=fper*Z/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let P kN be the central concentrated load the simply supported beam can carry. Then max bending movement in the beam\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=M*4/(w/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,3),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.6 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 2.734 KN/m\n",
-      "calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The cross-section of a cast iron beam. The top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension. Permissible stress in tension is 30 N/mm^2 and its value in compression is 90 N/mm^2\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "b1=float(75)\n",
-    "h1=50\n",
-    "h2=50\n",
-    "b2=float(150)\n",
-    "t=float(25)\n",
-    "h=float(200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(75*50+25*100+150*50)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(75*50*175+25*100*100+150*50*25)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(h1,3)/12)+(b1*h1*(pow(((h-(h1/2))-Y),2)))+(t*pow((h-h1-h2),3)/12)+(t*(h-h1-h2)*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b2*pow(h2,3)/12)+(b2*h2*(pow(((h2/2)-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h-Y)\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=I/ytop\n",
-    "fperc=90\n",
-    "#Top fibres are in compression. Hence from consideration of compression strength, moment carrying capacity of the beam is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M1=fperc*Z1/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bottom fibres are in tension. Hence from consideration of tension, moment carrying capacity of the section is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z2=I/ybottom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fpert=30    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M2=fpert*Z2/1000000        #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Actual moment carrying capacity is the lower value of the above two values. Hence moment carrying capacity of the section is \n",
-    "Mmax=min(M1,M2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(5)\n",
-    "w=sqrt(Mmax*8/pow(L,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"w=\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "print\"calculation mistake in book\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.7 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "y= 5.0 m\n",
-      "f= 5.24 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The diameter of a concrete flag post varies from 240 mm at base to 120 mm at top. The height of the post is 10 m. If the post is subjected to a horizontal force of 600 N at top\n",
-    "#Consider a section y metres from top. Diameter at this section is d.\n",
-    "#d=120+12*y\n",
-    "#I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "#Z=I*2/d=pi*pow(d,3)/32\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "#M=600*1000*y #moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#f*Z=M,f is extreme fibre stress.\n",
-    "y=float(5) \n",
-    "print \"y=\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Stress at this section f is given by\n",
-    "P=600\n",
-    "M=P*y*1000\n",
-    "d=120+12*y\n",
-    "I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "Z=I*2/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M/Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",round(f,3),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.9 page number 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "b= 150.0 mm\n",
-      "d= 300.0 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Design a timber beam is to carry a load of 5 kN/m over a simply supported span of 6 m. Permissible stress in timber is 10 N/mm2. Keep depth twice the width.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "w=float(5)                  #KN/m\n",
-    "L=float(6)                  #m \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/8              #Maximum bending moment,N-mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let b be the width and d the depth. Then in this problem d = 2b.\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6=2*(b**3)/3\n",
-    "f=10                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "b=float(((M*3)/(2*f))**(0.3333))\n",
-    "print \"b=\",round(b),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=2*b\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.10 page number 329\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 164.3 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#A cantilever of 3 m span, carrying uniformly distributed load of 3 kN/m is to be designed using cast iron rectangular section. Permissible stresses in cast iron are f = 30 N/mm^2 in tension and fc = 90 N/mm^2 in compression\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(3)                    #Span of cantilever,m\n",
-    "w=float(3)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/2        #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#let b be the width and d the depth\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since it is rectangular section, N-A lies at mid-depth, and stresses at top and bottom are same. Hence, permissible tensile stress value is reached earlier and it governs the design.\n",
-    "fper=30                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "b=100                         #mm\n",
-    "f=30   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt((M*6)/(b*f))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,1),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.11 page number 330"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 23.11 mm\n",
-      "select 25mm bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the diameter of the bar be ‘d’. Now, W = 800 N L = 1 m = 1000 mm\n",
-    "L=1000\n",
-    "W=800\n",
-    "M=W*L/4                     #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "f=150                       #permissible stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float((((M*32)/(pi*f)))**(0.33))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"select 25mm bar \"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_kPcQV7Z.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_kPcQV7Z.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e89d127d..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_kPcQV7Z.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,571 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter10-STRESSES IN BEAMS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.1 page number 319\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) w= 5.76 KN/m\n",
-      "(ii) P= 9.72 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A simply supported beam of span 3.0 m has a cross-section 120 mm × 180 mm. If the permissible stress in the material of the beam is 10 N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=float(120)           \n",
-    "d=float(180)           \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I=(b*d^3)/12,Ymax=d/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=(b*pow(d,2))/6  \n",
-    "fper=float(10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=3\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum udl beam can carry be w/metre length \n",
-    "#In this case, we know that maximum moment occurs at mid span and is equal to Mmax = (wL^2)/8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=(Mmax*8)/(pow(L,2)*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Concentrated load at distance 1 m from the support be P kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(1)           #distance of point at which load is applied from left,m\n",
-    "b=float(2)           #distance of point at which load is applied from right,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(L*Mmax)/(a*b*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(ii) P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.2 page number 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " P= 4.52 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A circular steel pipe of external diameter 60 mm and thickness 8 mm is used as a simply supported beam over an effective span of 2 m. If permissible stress in steel is 150 N/mm^2, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=float(60)            #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "d=float(44)             #Thickness,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*(pow(D,4)-pow(d,4)))/64         #Area moment of inertia,mm^4\n",
-    "Ymax=float(30)                       #extreme fibre distance,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/Ymax  \n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum load it can carry be P kN.\n",
-    "L=float(2)\n",
-    "P=(4*Mmax)/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.3 page number 321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 68.49 KN/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#the cross-section of a cantilever beam of 2.5 m span. Material used is steel for which maximum permissible stress is 150 N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=float(180)               #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)               #height of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "a=float(170)               #width of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "h=float(380)               #Height of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=((A*pow(H,3))/12)-((a*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "ymax=float(200)            #extreme fibre,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If udl is w kN/m, maximum moment in cantilever\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=2  #m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=Mmax/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.4 page number 323"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 8.608\n",
-      "(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 6.087\n",
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 10.171\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Compare the moment carrying capacity of the section given in example 10.3 with equivalent section of the same area but (i) square section (ii) rectangular section with depth twice the width and (iii) a circular section.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=180.0*10.0+380.0*10.0+180.0*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If ‘a’ is the size of the equivalent square section, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(sqrt(A))       #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(a*pow(a,3))/12  #Moment of inertia of this section, mm^4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=a/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=150.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mcc=f*Z          #Moment carrying capacity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/Mcc\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent rectangular section of depth twice the width. Let b be the width,Depth d = 2b. Equating its area to area of I-section,we get\n",
-    "b=sqrt(7400/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=b*(pow((2*b),3))/12\n",
-    " \n",
-    "M=f*I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent circular section. Let diameter be d.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(7400*4/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*pow(d,4))/64\n",
-    "ymax=d/2\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "M=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.5 page number 324"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 127.632 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A symmetric I-section of size 180 mm × 40 mm, 8 mm thick is strengthened with 240 mm × 10 mm rectangular plate on top flange. If permissible stress in the material is 150 N/mm^2, determine how much concentrated load the beam of this section can carry at centre of 4 m span. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=float(240)\n",
-    "b=float(180)\n",
-    "t=float(10)\n",
-    "h=float(400)\n",
-    "w=float(8)\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(240*10+180*8+384*8+180*8)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(240*10*405+180*8*(400-4)+384*8*200+180*8*4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(t,3)/12)+(b1*t*(pow(((h+5)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow(((h-4)-Y),2)))+(w*pow((h-16),3)/12)+((h-16)*w*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow((4-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h+t/2)-Y\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "ymax=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=150\n",
-    "M=fper*Z/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let P kN be the central concentrated load the simply supported beam can carry. Then max bending movement in the beam\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=M*4/(w/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,3),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.6 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 2.734 KN/m\n",
-      "calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The cross-section of a cast iron beam. The top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension. Permissible stress in tension is 30 N/mm^2 and its value in compression is 90 N/mm^2\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "b1=float(75)\n",
-    "h1=50\n",
-    "h2=50\n",
-    "b2=float(150)\n",
-    "t=float(25)\n",
-    "h=float(200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(75*50+25*100+150*50)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(75*50*175+25*100*100+150*50*25)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(h1,3)/12)+(b1*h1*(pow(((h-(h1/2))-Y),2)))+(t*pow((h-h1-h2),3)/12)+(t*(h-h1-h2)*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b2*pow(h2,3)/12)+(b2*h2*(pow(((h2/2)-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h-Y)\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=I/ytop\n",
-    "fperc=90\n",
-    "#Top fibres are in compression. Hence from consideration of compression strength, moment carrying capacity of the beam is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M1=fperc*Z1/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bottom fibres are in tension. Hence from consideration of tension, moment carrying capacity of the section is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z2=I/ybottom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fpert=30    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M2=fpert*Z2/1000000        #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Actual moment carrying capacity is the lower value of the above two values. Hence moment carrying capacity of the section is \n",
-    "Mmax=min(M1,M2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(5)\n",
-    "w=sqrt(Mmax*8/pow(L,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"w=\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "print\"calculation mistake in book\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.7 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "y= 5.0 m\n",
-      "f= 5.24 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The diameter of a concrete flag post varies from 240 mm at base to 120 mm at top. The height of the post is 10 m. If the post is subjected to a horizontal force of 600 N at top\n",
-    "#Consider a section y metres from top. Diameter at this section is d.\n",
-    "#d=120+12*y\n",
-    "#I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "#Z=I*2/d=pi*pow(d,3)/32\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "#M=600*1000*y #moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#f*Z=M,f is extreme fibre stress.\n",
-    "y=float(5) \n",
-    "print \"y=\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Stress at this section f is given by\n",
-    "P=600\n",
-    "M=P*y*1000\n",
-    "d=120+12*y\n",
-    "I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "Z=I*2/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M/Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",round(f,3),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.9 page number 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "b= 150.0 mm\n",
-      "d= 300.0 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Design a timber beam is to carry a load of 5 kN/m over a simply supported span of 6 m. Permissible stress in timber is 10 N/mm2. Keep depth twice the width.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "w=float(5)                  #KN/m\n",
-    "L=float(6)                  #m \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/8              #Maximum bending moment,N-mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let b be the width and d the depth. Then in this problem d = 2b.\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6=2*(b**3)/3\n",
-    "f=10                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "b=float(((M*3)/(2*f))**(0.3333))\n",
-    "print \"b=\",round(b),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=2*b\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.10 page number 329\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 164.3 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#A cantilever of 3 m span, carrying uniformly distributed load of 3 kN/m is to be designed using cast iron rectangular section. Permissible stresses in cast iron are f = 30 N/mm^2 in tension and fc = 90 N/mm^2 in compression\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(3)                    #Span of cantilever,m\n",
-    "w=float(3)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/2        #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#let b be the width and d the depth\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since it is rectangular section, N-A lies at mid-depth, and stresses at top and bottom are same. Hence, permissible tensile stress value is reached earlier and it governs the design.\n",
-    "fper=30                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "b=100                         #mm\n",
-    "f=30   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt((M*6)/(b*f))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,1),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.11 page number 330"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 23.11 mm\n",
-      "select 25mm bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the diameter of the bar be ‘d’. Now, W = 800 N L = 1 m = 1000 mm\n",
-    "L=1000\n",
-    "W=800\n",
-    "M=W*L/4                     #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "f=150                       #permissible stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float((((M*32)/(pi*f)))**(0.33))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"select 25mm bar \"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_lNjLAte.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_lNjLAte.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e89d127d..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_lNjLAte.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,571 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter10-STRESSES IN BEAMS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.1 page number 319\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) w= 5.76 KN/m\n",
-      "(ii) P= 9.72 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A simply supported beam of span 3.0 m has a cross-section 120 mm × 180 mm. If the permissible stress in the material of the beam is 10 N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=float(120)           \n",
-    "d=float(180)           \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I=(b*d^3)/12,Ymax=d/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=(b*pow(d,2))/6  \n",
-    "fper=float(10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=3\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum udl beam can carry be w/metre length \n",
-    "#In this case, we know that maximum moment occurs at mid span and is equal to Mmax = (wL^2)/8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=(Mmax*8)/(pow(L,2)*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Concentrated load at distance 1 m from the support be P kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(1)           #distance of point at which load is applied from left,m\n",
-    "b=float(2)           #distance of point at which load is applied from right,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(L*Mmax)/(a*b*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(ii) P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.2 page number 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " P= 4.52 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A circular steel pipe of external diameter 60 mm and thickness 8 mm is used as a simply supported beam over an effective span of 2 m. If permissible stress in steel is 150 N/mm^2, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=float(60)            #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "d=float(44)             #Thickness,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*(pow(D,4)-pow(d,4)))/64         #Area moment of inertia,mm^4\n",
-    "Ymax=float(30)                       #extreme fibre distance,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/Ymax  \n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum load it can carry be P kN.\n",
-    "L=float(2)\n",
-    "P=(4*Mmax)/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.3 page number 321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 68.49 KN/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#the cross-section of a cantilever beam of 2.5 m span. Material used is steel for which maximum permissible stress is 150 N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=float(180)               #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)               #height of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "a=float(170)               #width of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "h=float(380)               #Height of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=((A*pow(H,3))/12)-((a*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "ymax=float(200)            #extreme fibre,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If udl is w kN/m, maximum moment in cantilever\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=2  #m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=Mmax/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.4 page number 323"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 8.608\n",
-      "(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 6.087\n",
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 10.171\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Compare the moment carrying capacity of the section given in example 10.3 with equivalent section of the same area but (i) square section (ii) rectangular section with depth twice the width and (iii) a circular section.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=180.0*10.0+380.0*10.0+180.0*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If ‘a’ is the size of the equivalent square section, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(sqrt(A))       #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(a*pow(a,3))/12  #Moment of inertia of this section, mm^4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=a/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=150.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mcc=f*Z          #Moment carrying capacity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/Mcc\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent rectangular section of depth twice the width. Let b be the width,Depth d = 2b. Equating its area to area of I-section,we get\n",
-    "b=sqrt(7400/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=b*(pow((2*b),3))/12\n",
-    " \n",
-    "M=f*I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent circular section. Let diameter be d.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(7400*4/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*pow(d,4))/64\n",
-    "ymax=d/2\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "M=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.5 page number 324"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 127.632 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A symmetric I-section of size 180 mm × 40 mm, 8 mm thick is strengthened with 240 mm × 10 mm rectangular plate on top flange. If permissible stress in the material is 150 N/mm^2, determine how much concentrated load the beam of this section can carry at centre of 4 m span. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=float(240)\n",
-    "b=float(180)\n",
-    "t=float(10)\n",
-    "h=float(400)\n",
-    "w=float(8)\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(240*10+180*8+384*8+180*8)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(240*10*405+180*8*(400-4)+384*8*200+180*8*4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(t,3)/12)+(b1*t*(pow(((h+5)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow(((h-4)-Y),2)))+(w*pow((h-16),3)/12)+((h-16)*w*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow((4-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h+t/2)-Y\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "ymax=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=150\n",
-    "M=fper*Z/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let P kN be the central concentrated load the simply supported beam can carry. Then max bending movement in the beam\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=M*4/(w/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,3),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.6 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 2.734 KN/m\n",
-      "calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The cross-section of a cast iron beam. The top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension. Permissible stress in tension is 30 N/mm^2 and its value in compression is 90 N/mm^2\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "b1=float(75)\n",
-    "h1=50\n",
-    "h2=50\n",
-    "b2=float(150)\n",
-    "t=float(25)\n",
-    "h=float(200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(75*50+25*100+150*50)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(75*50*175+25*100*100+150*50*25)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(h1,3)/12)+(b1*h1*(pow(((h-(h1/2))-Y),2)))+(t*pow((h-h1-h2),3)/12)+(t*(h-h1-h2)*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b2*pow(h2,3)/12)+(b2*h2*(pow(((h2/2)-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h-Y)\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=I/ytop\n",
-    "fperc=90\n",
-    "#Top fibres are in compression. Hence from consideration of compression strength, moment carrying capacity of the beam is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M1=fperc*Z1/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bottom fibres are in tension. Hence from consideration of tension, moment carrying capacity of the section is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z2=I/ybottom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fpert=30    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M2=fpert*Z2/1000000        #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Actual moment carrying capacity is the lower value of the above two values. Hence moment carrying capacity of the section is \n",
-    "Mmax=min(M1,M2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(5)\n",
-    "w=sqrt(Mmax*8/pow(L,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"w=\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "print\"calculation mistake in book\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.7 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "y= 5.0 m\n",
-      "f= 5.24 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The diameter of a concrete flag post varies from 240 mm at base to 120 mm at top. The height of the post is 10 m. If the post is subjected to a horizontal force of 600 N at top\n",
-    "#Consider a section y metres from top. Diameter at this section is d.\n",
-    "#d=120+12*y\n",
-    "#I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "#Z=I*2/d=pi*pow(d,3)/32\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "#M=600*1000*y #moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#f*Z=M,f is extreme fibre stress.\n",
-    "y=float(5) \n",
-    "print \"y=\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Stress at this section f is given by\n",
-    "P=600\n",
-    "M=P*y*1000\n",
-    "d=120+12*y\n",
-    "I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "Z=I*2/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M/Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",round(f,3),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.9 page number 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "b= 150.0 mm\n",
-      "d= 300.0 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Design a timber beam is to carry a load of 5 kN/m over a simply supported span of 6 m. Permissible stress in timber is 10 N/mm2. Keep depth twice the width.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "w=float(5)                  #KN/m\n",
-    "L=float(6)                  #m \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/8              #Maximum bending moment,N-mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let b be the width and d the depth. Then in this problem d = 2b.\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6=2*(b**3)/3\n",
-    "f=10                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "b=float(((M*3)/(2*f))**(0.3333))\n",
-    "print \"b=\",round(b),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=2*b\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.10 page number 329\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 164.3 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#A cantilever of 3 m span, carrying uniformly distributed load of 3 kN/m is to be designed using cast iron rectangular section. Permissible stresses in cast iron are f = 30 N/mm^2 in tension and fc = 90 N/mm^2 in compression\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(3)                    #Span of cantilever,m\n",
-    "w=float(3)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/2        #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#let b be the width and d the depth\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since it is rectangular section, N-A lies at mid-depth, and stresses at top and bottom are same. Hence, permissible tensile stress value is reached earlier and it governs the design.\n",
-    "fper=30                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "b=100                         #mm\n",
-    "f=30   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt((M*6)/(b*f))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,1),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.11 page number 330"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 23.11 mm\n",
-      "select 25mm bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the diameter of the bar be ‘d’. Now, W = 800 N L = 1 m = 1000 mm\n",
-    "L=1000\n",
-    "W=800\n",
-    "M=W*L/4                     #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "f=150                       #permissible stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float((((M*32)/(pi*f)))**(0.33))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"select 25mm bar \"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_n5s4jXl.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_n5s4jXl.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e89d127d..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_n5s4jXl.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,571 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter10-STRESSES IN BEAMS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.1 page number 319\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) w= 5.76 KN/m\n",
-      "(ii) P= 9.72 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A simply supported beam of span 3.0 m has a cross-section 120 mm × 180 mm. If the permissible stress in the material of the beam is 10 N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=float(120)           \n",
-    "d=float(180)           \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I=(b*d^3)/12,Ymax=d/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=(b*pow(d,2))/6  \n",
-    "fper=float(10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=3\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum udl beam can carry be w/metre length \n",
-    "#In this case, we know that maximum moment occurs at mid span and is equal to Mmax = (wL^2)/8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=(Mmax*8)/(pow(L,2)*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Concentrated load at distance 1 m from the support be P kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(1)           #distance of point at which load is applied from left,m\n",
-    "b=float(2)           #distance of point at which load is applied from right,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(L*Mmax)/(a*b*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(ii) P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.2 page number 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " P= 4.52 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A circular steel pipe of external diameter 60 mm and thickness 8 mm is used as a simply supported beam over an effective span of 2 m. If permissible stress in steel is 150 N/mm^2, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=float(60)            #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "d=float(44)             #Thickness,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*(pow(D,4)-pow(d,4)))/64         #Area moment of inertia,mm^4\n",
-    "Ymax=float(30)                       #extreme fibre distance,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/Ymax  \n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum load it can carry be P kN.\n",
-    "L=float(2)\n",
-    "P=(4*Mmax)/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.3 page number 321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 68.49 KN/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#the cross-section of a cantilever beam of 2.5 m span. Material used is steel for which maximum permissible stress is 150 N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=float(180)               #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)               #height of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "a=float(170)               #width of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "h=float(380)               #Height of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=((A*pow(H,3))/12)-((a*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "ymax=float(200)            #extreme fibre,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If udl is w kN/m, maximum moment in cantilever\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=2  #m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=Mmax/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.4 page number 323"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 8.608\n",
-      "(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 6.087\n",
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 10.171\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Compare the moment carrying capacity of the section given in example 10.3 with equivalent section of the same area but (i) square section (ii) rectangular section with depth twice the width and (iii) a circular section.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=180.0*10.0+380.0*10.0+180.0*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If ‘a’ is the size of the equivalent square section, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(sqrt(A))       #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(a*pow(a,3))/12  #Moment of inertia of this section, mm^4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=a/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=150.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mcc=f*Z          #Moment carrying capacity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/Mcc\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent rectangular section of depth twice the width. Let b be the width,Depth d = 2b. Equating its area to area of I-section,we get\n",
-    "b=sqrt(7400/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=b*(pow((2*b),3))/12\n",
-    " \n",
-    "M=f*I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent circular section. Let diameter be d.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(7400*4/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*pow(d,4))/64\n",
-    "ymax=d/2\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "M=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.5 page number 324"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 127.632 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A symmetric I-section of size 180 mm × 40 mm, 8 mm thick is strengthened with 240 mm × 10 mm rectangular plate on top flange. If permissible stress in the material is 150 N/mm^2, determine how much concentrated load the beam of this section can carry at centre of 4 m span. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=float(240)\n",
-    "b=float(180)\n",
-    "t=float(10)\n",
-    "h=float(400)\n",
-    "w=float(8)\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(240*10+180*8+384*8+180*8)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(240*10*405+180*8*(400-4)+384*8*200+180*8*4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(t,3)/12)+(b1*t*(pow(((h+5)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow(((h-4)-Y),2)))+(w*pow((h-16),3)/12)+((h-16)*w*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow((4-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h+t/2)-Y\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "ymax=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=150\n",
-    "M=fper*Z/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let P kN be the central concentrated load the simply supported beam can carry. Then max bending movement in the beam\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=M*4/(w/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,3),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.6 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 2.734 KN/m\n",
-      "calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The cross-section of a cast iron beam. The top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension. Permissible stress in tension is 30 N/mm^2 and its value in compression is 90 N/mm^2\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "b1=float(75)\n",
-    "h1=50\n",
-    "h2=50\n",
-    "b2=float(150)\n",
-    "t=float(25)\n",
-    "h=float(200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(75*50+25*100+150*50)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(75*50*175+25*100*100+150*50*25)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(h1,3)/12)+(b1*h1*(pow(((h-(h1/2))-Y),2)))+(t*pow((h-h1-h2),3)/12)+(t*(h-h1-h2)*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b2*pow(h2,3)/12)+(b2*h2*(pow(((h2/2)-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h-Y)\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=I/ytop\n",
-    "fperc=90\n",
-    "#Top fibres are in compression. Hence from consideration of compression strength, moment carrying capacity of the beam is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M1=fperc*Z1/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bottom fibres are in tension. Hence from consideration of tension, moment carrying capacity of the section is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z2=I/ybottom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fpert=30    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M2=fpert*Z2/1000000        #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Actual moment carrying capacity is the lower value of the above two values. Hence moment carrying capacity of the section is \n",
-    "Mmax=min(M1,M2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(5)\n",
-    "w=sqrt(Mmax*8/pow(L,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"w=\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "print\"calculation mistake in book\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.7 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "y= 5.0 m\n",
-      "f= 5.24 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The diameter of a concrete flag post varies from 240 mm at base to 120 mm at top. The height of the post is 10 m. If the post is subjected to a horizontal force of 600 N at top\n",
-    "#Consider a section y metres from top. Diameter at this section is d.\n",
-    "#d=120+12*y\n",
-    "#I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "#Z=I*2/d=pi*pow(d,3)/32\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "#M=600*1000*y #moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#f*Z=M,f is extreme fibre stress.\n",
-    "y=float(5) \n",
-    "print \"y=\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Stress at this section f is given by\n",
-    "P=600\n",
-    "M=P*y*1000\n",
-    "d=120+12*y\n",
-    "I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "Z=I*2/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M/Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",round(f,3),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.9 page number 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "b= 150.0 mm\n",
-      "d= 300.0 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Design a timber beam is to carry a load of 5 kN/m over a simply supported span of 6 m. Permissible stress in timber is 10 N/mm2. Keep depth twice the width.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "w=float(5)                  #KN/m\n",
-    "L=float(6)                  #m \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/8              #Maximum bending moment,N-mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let b be the width and d the depth. Then in this problem d = 2b.\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6=2*(b**3)/3\n",
-    "f=10                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "b=float(((M*3)/(2*f))**(0.3333))\n",
-    "print \"b=\",round(b),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=2*b\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.10 page number 329\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 164.3 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#A cantilever of 3 m span, carrying uniformly distributed load of 3 kN/m is to be designed using cast iron rectangular section. Permissible stresses in cast iron are f = 30 N/mm^2 in tension and fc = 90 N/mm^2 in compression\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(3)                    #Span of cantilever,m\n",
-    "w=float(3)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/2        #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#let b be the width and d the depth\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since it is rectangular section, N-A lies at mid-depth, and stresses at top and bottom are same. Hence, permissible tensile stress value is reached earlier and it governs the design.\n",
-    "fper=30                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "b=100                         #mm\n",
-    "f=30   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt((M*6)/(b*f))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,1),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.11 page number 330"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 23.11 mm\n",
-      "select 25mm bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the diameter of the bar be ‘d’. Now, W = 800 N L = 1 m = 1000 mm\n",
-    "L=1000\n",
-    "W=800\n",
-    "M=W*L/4                     #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "f=150                       #permissible stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float((((M*32)/(pi*f)))**(0.33))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"select 25mm bar \"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_ndNKnai.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_ndNKnai.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e89d127d..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_ndNKnai.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,571 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter10-STRESSES IN BEAMS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.1 page number 319\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) w= 5.76 KN/m\n",
-      "(ii) P= 9.72 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A simply supported beam of span 3.0 m has a cross-section 120 mm × 180 mm. If the permissible stress in the material of the beam is 10 N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=float(120)           \n",
-    "d=float(180)           \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I=(b*d^3)/12,Ymax=d/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=(b*pow(d,2))/6  \n",
-    "fper=float(10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=3\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum udl beam can carry be w/metre length \n",
-    "#In this case, we know that maximum moment occurs at mid span and is equal to Mmax = (wL^2)/8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=(Mmax*8)/(pow(L,2)*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Concentrated load at distance 1 m from the support be P kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(1)           #distance of point at which load is applied from left,m\n",
-    "b=float(2)           #distance of point at which load is applied from right,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(L*Mmax)/(a*b*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(ii) P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.2 page number 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " P= 4.52 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A circular steel pipe of external diameter 60 mm and thickness 8 mm is used as a simply supported beam over an effective span of 2 m. If permissible stress in steel is 150 N/mm^2, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=float(60)            #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "d=float(44)             #Thickness,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*(pow(D,4)-pow(d,4)))/64         #Area moment of inertia,mm^4\n",
-    "Ymax=float(30)                       #extreme fibre distance,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/Ymax  \n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum load it can carry be P kN.\n",
-    "L=float(2)\n",
-    "P=(4*Mmax)/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.3 page number 321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 68.49 KN/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#the cross-section of a cantilever beam of 2.5 m span. Material used is steel for which maximum permissible stress is 150 N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=float(180)               #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)               #height of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "a=float(170)               #width of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "h=float(380)               #Height of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=((A*pow(H,3))/12)-((a*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "ymax=float(200)            #extreme fibre,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If udl is w kN/m, maximum moment in cantilever\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=2  #m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=Mmax/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.4 page number 323"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 8.608\n",
-      "(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 6.087\n",
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 10.171\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Compare the moment carrying capacity of the section given in example 10.3 with equivalent section of the same area but (i) square section (ii) rectangular section with depth twice the width and (iii) a circular section.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=180.0*10.0+380.0*10.0+180.0*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If ‘a’ is the size of the equivalent square section, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(sqrt(A))       #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(a*pow(a,3))/12  #Moment of inertia of this section, mm^4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=a/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=150.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mcc=f*Z          #Moment carrying capacity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/Mcc\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent rectangular section of depth twice the width. Let b be the width,Depth d = 2b. Equating its area to area of I-section,we get\n",
-    "b=sqrt(7400/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=b*(pow((2*b),3))/12\n",
-    " \n",
-    "M=f*I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent circular section. Let diameter be d.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(7400*4/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*pow(d,4))/64\n",
-    "ymax=d/2\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "M=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.5 page number 324"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 127.632 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A symmetric I-section of size 180 mm × 40 mm, 8 mm thick is strengthened with 240 mm × 10 mm rectangular plate on top flange. If permissible stress in the material is 150 N/mm^2, determine how much concentrated load the beam of this section can carry at centre of 4 m span. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=float(240)\n",
-    "b=float(180)\n",
-    "t=float(10)\n",
-    "h=float(400)\n",
-    "w=float(8)\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(240*10+180*8+384*8+180*8)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(240*10*405+180*8*(400-4)+384*8*200+180*8*4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(t,3)/12)+(b1*t*(pow(((h+5)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow(((h-4)-Y),2)))+(w*pow((h-16),3)/12)+((h-16)*w*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow((4-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h+t/2)-Y\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "ymax=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=150\n",
-    "M=fper*Z/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let P kN be the central concentrated load the simply supported beam can carry. Then max bending movement in the beam\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=M*4/(w/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,3),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.6 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 2.734 KN/m\n",
-      "calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The cross-section of a cast iron beam. The top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension. Permissible stress in tension is 30 N/mm^2 and its value in compression is 90 N/mm^2\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "b1=float(75)\n",
-    "h1=50\n",
-    "h2=50\n",
-    "b2=float(150)\n",
-    "t=float(25)\n",
-    "h=float(200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(75*50+25*100+150*50)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(75*50*175+25*100*100+150*50*25)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(h1,3)/12)+(b1*h1*(pow(((h-(h1/2))-Y),2)))+(t*pow((h-h1-h2),3)/12)+(t*(h-h1-h2)*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b2*pow(h2,3)/12)+(b2*h2*(pow(((h2/2)-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h-Y)\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=I/ytop\n",
-    "fperc=90\n",
-    "#Top fibres are in compression. Hence from consideration of compression strength, moment carrying capacity of the beam is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M1=fperc*Z1/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bottom fibres are in tension. Hence from consideration of tension, moment carrying capacity of the section is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z2=I/ybottom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fpert=30    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M2=fpert*Z2/1000000        #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Actual moment carrying capacity is the lower value of the above two values. Hence moment carrying capacity of the section is \n",
-    "Mmax=min(M1,M2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(5)\n",
-    "w=sqrt(Mmax*8/pow(L,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"w=\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "print\"calculation mistake in book\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.7 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "y= 5.0 m\n",
-      "f= 5.24 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The diameter of a concrete flag post varies from 240 mm at base to 120 mm at top. The height of the post is 10 m. If the post is subjected to a horizontal force of 600 N at top\n",
-    "#Consider a section y metres from top. Diameter at this section is d.\n",
-    "#d=120+12*y\n",
-    "#I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "#Z=I*2/d=pi*pow(d,3)/32\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "#M=600*1000*y #moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#f*Z=M,f is extreme fibre stress.\n",
-    "y=float(5) \n",
-    "print \"y=\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Stress at this section f is given by\n",
-    "P=600\n",
-    "M=P*y*1000\n",
-    "d=120+12*y\n",
-    "I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "Z=I*2/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M/Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",round(f,3),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.9 page number 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "b= 150.0 mm\n",
-      "d= 300.0 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Design a timber beam is to carry a load of 5 kN/m over a simply supported span of 6 m. Permissible stress in timber is 10 N/mm2. Keep depth twice the width.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "w=float(5)                  #KN/m\n",
-    "L=float(6)                  #m \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/8              #Maximum bending moment,N-mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let b be the width and d the depth. Then in this problem d = 2b.\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6=2*(b**3)/3\n",
-    "f=10                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "b=float(((M*3)/(2*f))**(0.3333))\n",
-    "print \"b=\",round(b),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=2*b\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.10 page number 329\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 164.3 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#A cantilever of 3 m span, carrying uniformly distributed load of 3 kN/m is to be designed using cast iron rectangular section. Permissible stresses in cast iron are f = 30 N/mm^2 in tension and fc = 90 N/mm^2 in compression\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(3)                    #Span of cantilever,m\n",
-    "w=float(3)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/2        #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#let b be the width and d the depth\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since it is rectangular section, N-A lies at mid-depth, and stresses at top and bottom are same. Hence, permissible tensile stress value is reached earlier and it governs the design.\n",
-    "fper=30                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "b=100                         #mm\n",
-    "f=30   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt((M*6)/(b*f))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,1),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.11 page number 330"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 23.11 mm\n",
-      "select 25mm bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the diameter of the bar be ‘d’. Now, W = 800 N L = 1 m = 1000 mm\n",
-    "L=1000\n",
-    "W=800\n",
-    "M=W*L/4                     #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "f=150                       #permissible stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float((((M*32)/(pi*f)))**(0.33))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"select 25mm bar \"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_npy5vv0.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_npy5vv0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e89d127d..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_npy5vv0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,571 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter10-STRESSES IN BEAMS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.1 page number 319\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) w= 5.76 KN/m\n",
-      "(ii) P= 9.72 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A simply supported beam of span 3.0 m has a cross-section 120 mm × 180 mm. If the permissible stress in the material of the beam is 10 N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=float(120)           \n",
-    "d=float(180)           \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I=(b*d^3)/12,Ymax=d/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=(b*pow(d,2))/6  \n",
-    "fper=float(10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=3\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum udl beam can carry be w/metre length \n",
-    "#In this case, we know that maximum moment occurs at mid span and is equal to Mmax = (wL^2)/8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=(Mmax*8)/(pow(L,2)*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Concentrated load at distance 1 m from the support be P kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(1)           #distance of point at which load is applied from left,m\n",
-    "b=float(2)           #distance of point at which load is applied from right,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(L*Mmax)/(a*b*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(ii) P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.2 page number 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " P= 4.52 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A circular steel pipe of external diameter 60 mm and thickness 8 mm is used as a simply supported beam over an effective span of 2 m. If permissible stress in steel is 150 N/mm^2, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=float(60)            #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "d=float(44)             #Thickness,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*(pow(D,4)-pow(d,4)))/64         #Area moment of inertia,mm^4\n",
-    "Ymax=float(30)                       #extreme fibre distance,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/Ymax  \n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum load it can carry be P kN.\n",
-    "L=float(2)\n",
-    "P=(4*Mmax)/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.3 page number 321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 68.49 KN/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#the cross-section of a cantilever beam of 2.5 m span. Material used is steel for which maximum permissible stress is 150 N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=float(180)               #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)               #height of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "a=float(170)               #width of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "h=float(380)               #Height of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=((A*pow(H,3))/12)-((a*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "ymax=float(200)            #extreme fibre,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If udl is w kN/m, maximum moment in cantilever\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=2  #m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=Mmax/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.4 page number 323"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 8.608\n",
-      "(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 6.087\n",
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 10.171\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Compare the moment carrying capacity of the section given in example 10.3 with equivalent section of the same area but (i) square section (ii) rectangular section with depth twice the width and (iii) a circular section.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=180.0*10.0+380.0*10.0+180.0*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If ‘a’ is the size of the equivalent square section, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(sqrt(A))       #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(a*pow(a,3))/12  #Moment of inertia of this section, mm^4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=a/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=150.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mcc=f*Z          #Moment carrying capacity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/Mcc\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent rectangular section of depth twice the width. Let b be the width,Depth d = 2b. Equating its area to area of I-section,we get\n",
-    "b=sqrt(7400/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=b*(pow((2*b),3))/12\n",
-    " \n",
-    "M=f*I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent circular section. Let diameter be d.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(7400*4/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*pow(d,4))/64\n",
-    "ymax=d/2\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "M=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.5 page number 324"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 127.632 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A symmetric I-section of size 180 mm × 40 mm, 8 mm thick is strengthened with 240 mm × 10 mm rectangular plate on top flange. If permissible stress in the material is 150 N/mm^2, determine how much concentrated load the beam of this section can carry at centre of 4 m span. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=float(240)\n",
-    "b=float(180)\n",
-    "t=float(10)\n",
-    "h=float(400)\n",
-    "w=float(8)\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(240*10+180*8+384*8+180*8)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(240*10*405+180*8*(400-4)+384*8*200+180*8*4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(t,3)/12)+(b1*t*(pow(((h+5)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow(((h-4)-Y),2)))+(w*pow((h-16),3)/12)+((h-16)*w*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow((4-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h+t/2)-Y\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "ymax=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=150\n",
-    "M=fper*Z/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let P kN be the central concentrated load the simply supported beam can carry. Then max bending movement in the beam\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=M*4/(w/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,3),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.6 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 2.734 KN/m\n",
-      "calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The cross-section of a cast iron beam. The top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension. Permissible stress in tension is 30 N/mm^2 and its value in compression is 90 N/mm^2\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "b1=float(75)\n",
-    "h1=50\n",
-    "h2=50\n",
-    "b2=float(150)\n",
-    "t=float(25)\n",
-    "h=float(200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(75*50+25*100+150*50)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(75*50*175+25*100*100+150*50*25)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(h1,3)/12)+(b1*h1*(pow(((h-(h1/2))-Y),2)))+(t*pow((h-h1-h2),3)/12)+(t*(h-h1-h2)*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b2*pow(h2,3)/12)+(b2*h2*(pow(((h2/2)-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h-Y)\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=I/ytop\n",
-    "fperc=90\n",
-    "#Top fibres are in compression. Hence from consideration of compression strength, moment carrying capacity of the beam is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M1=fperc*Z1/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bottom fibres are in tension. Hence from consideration of tension, moment carrying capacity of the section is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z2=I/ybottom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fpert=30    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M2=fpert*Z2/1000000        #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Actual moment carrying capacity is the lower value of the above two values. Hence moment carrying capacity of the section is \n",
-    "Mmax=min(M1,M2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(5)\n",
-    "w=sqrt(Mmax*8/pow(L,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"w=\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "print\"calculation mistake in book\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.7 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "y= 5.0 m\n",
-      "f= 5.24 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The diameter of a concrete flag post varies from 240 mm at base to 120 mm at top. The height of the post is 10 m. If the post is subjected to a horizontal force of 600 N at top\n",
-    "#Consider a section y metres from top. Diameter at this section is d.\n",
-    "#d=120+12*y\n",
-    "#I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "#Z=I*2/d=pi*pow(d,3)/32\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "#M=600*1000*y #moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#f*Z=M,f is extreme fibre stress.\n",
-    "y=float(5) \n",
-    "print \"y=\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Stress at this section f is given by\n",
-    "P=600\n",
-    "M=P*y*1000\n",
-    "d=120+12*y\n",
-    "I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "Z=I*2/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M/Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",round(f,3),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.9 page number 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "b= 150.0 mm\n",
-      "d= 300.0 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Design a timber beam is to carry a load of 5 kN/m over a simply supported span of 6 m. Permissible stress in timber is 10 N/mm2. Keep depth twice the width.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "w=float(5)                  #KN/m\n",
-    "L=float(6)                  #m \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/8              #Maximum bending moment,N-mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let b be the width and d the depth. Then in this problem d = 2b.\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6=2*(b**3)/3\n",
-    "f=10                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "b=float(((M*3)/(2*f))**(0.3333))\n",
-    "print \"b=\",round(b),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=2*b\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.10 page number 329\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 164.3 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#A cantilever of 3 m span, carrying uniformly distributed load of 3 kN/m is to be designed using cast iron rectangular section. Permissible stresses in cast iron are f = 30 N/mm^2 in tension and fc = 90 N/mm^2 in compression\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(3)                    #Span of cantilever,m\n",
-    "w=float(3)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/2        #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#let b be the width and d the depth\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since it is rectangular section, N-A lies at mid-depth, and stresses at top and bottom are same. Hence, permissible tensile stress value is reached earlier and it governs the design.\n",
-    "fper=30                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "b=100                         #mm\n",
-    "f=30   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt((M*6)/(b*f))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,1),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.11 page number 330"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 23.11 mm\n",
-      "select 25mm bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the diameter of the bar be ‘d’. Now, W = 800 N L = 1 m = 1000 mm\n",
-    "L=1000\n",
-    "W=800\n",
-    "M=W*L/4                     #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "f=150                       #permissible stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float((((M*32)/(pi*f)))**(0.33))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"select 25mm bar \"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_pjpRgex.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_pjpRgex.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e89d127d..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_pjpRgex.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,571 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter10-STRESSES IN BEAMS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.1 page number 319\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) w= 5.76 KN/m\n",
-      "(ii) P= 9.72 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A simply supported beam of span 3.0 m has a cross-section 120 mm × 180 mm. If the permissible stress in the material of the beam is 10 N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=float(120)           \n",
-    "d=float(180)           \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I=(b*d^3)/12,Ymax=d/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=(b*pow(d,2))/6  \n",
-    "fper=float(10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=3\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum udl beam can carry be w/metre length \n",
-    "#In this case, we know that maximum moment occurs at mid span and is equal to Mmax = (wL^2)/8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=(Mmax*8)/(pow(L,2)*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Concentrated load at distance 1 m from the support be P kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(1)           #distance of point at which load is applied from left,m\n",
-    "b=float(2)           #distance of point at which load is applied from right,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(L*Mmax)/(a*b*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(ii) P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.2 page number 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " P= 4.52 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A circular steel pipe of external diameter 60 mm and thickness 8 mm is used as a simply supported beam over an effective span of 2 m. If permissible stress in steel is 150 N/mm^2, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=float(60)            #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "d=float(44)             #Thickness,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*(pow(D,4)-pow(d,4)))/64         #Area moment of inertia,mm^4\n",
-    "Ymax=float(30)                       #extreme fibre distance,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/Ymax  \n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum load it can carry be P kN.\n",
-    "L=float(2)\n",
-    "P=(4*Mmax)/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.3 page number 321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 68.49 KN/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#the cross-section of a cantilever beam of 2.5 m span. Material used is steel for which maximum permissible stress is 150 N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=float(180)               #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)               #height of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "a=float(170)               #width of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "h=float(380)               #Height of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=((A*pow(H,3))/12)-((a*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "ymax=float(200)            #extreme fibre,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If udl is w kN/m, maximum moment in cantilever\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=2  #m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=Mmax/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.4 page number 323"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 8.608\n",
-      "(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 6.087\n",
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 10.171\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Compare the moment carrying capacity of the section given in example 10.3 with equivalent section of the same area but (i) square section (ii) rectangular section with depth twice the width and (iii) a circular section.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=180.0*10.0+380.0*10.0+180.0*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If ‘a’ is the size of the equivalent square section, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(sqrt(A))       #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(a*pow(a,3))/12  #Moment of inertia of this section, mm^4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=a/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=150.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mcc=f*Z          #Moment carrying capacity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/Mcc\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent rectangular section of depth twice the width. Let b be the width,Depth d = 2b. Equating its area to area of I-section,we get\n",
-    "b=sqrt(7400/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=b*(pow((2*b),3))/12\n",
-    " \n",
-    "M=f*I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent circular section. Let diameter be d.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(7400*4/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*pow(d,4))/64\n",
-    "ymax=d/2\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "M=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.5 page number 324"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 127.632 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A symmetric I-section of size 180 mm × 40 mm, 8 mm thick is strengthened with 240 mm × 10 mm rectangular plate on top flange. If permissible stress in the material is 150 N/mm^2, determine how much concentrated load the beam of this section can carry at centre of 4 m span. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=float(240)\n",
-    "b=float(180)\n",
-    "t=float(10)\n",
-    "h=float(400)\n",
-    "w=float(8)\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(240*10+180*8+384*8+180*8)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(240*10*405+180*8*(400-4)+384*8*200+180*8*4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(t,3)/12)+(b1*t*(pow(((h+5)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow(((h-4)-Y),2)))+(w*pow((h-16),3)/12)+((h-16)*w*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow((4-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h+t/2)-Y\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "ymax=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=150\n",
-    "M=fper*Z/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let P kN be the central concentrated load the simply supported beam can carry. Then max bending movement in the beam\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=M*4/(w/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,3),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.6 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 2.734 KN/m\n",
-      "calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The cross-section of a cast iron beam. The top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension. Permissible stress in tension is 30 N/mm^2 and its value in compression is 90 N/mm^2\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "b1=float(75)\n",
-    "h1=50\n",
-    "h2=50\n",
-    "b2=float(150)\n",
-    "t=float(25)\n",
-    "h=float(200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(75*50+25*100+150*50)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(75*50*175+25*100*100+150*50*25)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(h1,3)/12)+(b1*h1*(pow(((h-(h1/2))-Y),2)))+(t*pow((h-h1-h2),3)/12)+(t*(h-h1-h2)*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b2*pow(h2,3)/12)+(b2*h2*(pow(((h2/2)-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h-Y)\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=I/ytop\n",
-    "fperc=90\n",
-    "#Top fibres are in compression. Hence from consideration of compression strength, moment carrying capacity of the beam is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M1=fperc*Z1/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bottom fibres are in tension. Hence from consideration of tension, moment carrying capacity of the section is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z2=I/ybottom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fpert=30    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M2=fpert*Z2/1000000        #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Actual moment carrying capacity is the lower value of the above two values. Hence moment carrying capacity of the section is \n",
-    "Mmax=min(M1,M2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(5)\n",
-    "w=sqrt(Mmax*8/pow(L,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"w=\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "print\"calculation mistake in book\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.7 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "y= 5.0 m\n",
-      "f= 5.24 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The diameter of a concrete flag post varies from 240 mm at base to 120 mm at top. The height of the post is 10 m. If the post is subjected to a horizontal force of 600 N at top\n",
-    "#Consider a section y metres from top. Diameter at this section is d.\n",
-    "#d=120+12*y\n",
-    "#I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "#Z=I*2/d=pi*pow(d,3)/32\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "#M=600*1000*y #moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#f*Z=M,f is extreme fibre stress.\n",
-    "y=float(5) \n",
-    "print \"y=\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Stress at this section f is given by\n",
-    "P=600\n",
-    "M=P*y*1000\n",
-    "d=120+12*y\n",
-    "I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "Z=I*2/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M/Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",round(f,3),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.9 page number 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "b= 150.0 mm\n",
-      "d= 300.0 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Design a timber beam is to carry a load of 5 kN/m over a simply supported span of 6 m. Permissible stress in timber is 10 N/mm2. Keep depth twice the width.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "w=float(5)                  #KN/m\n",
-    "L=float(6)                  #m \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/8              #Maximum bending moment,N-mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let b be the width and d the depth. Then in this problem d = 2b.\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6=2*(b**3)/3\n",
-    "f=10                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "b=float(((M*3)/(2*f))**(0.3333))\n",
-    "print \"b=\",round(b),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=2*b\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.10 page number 329\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 164.3 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#A cantilever of 3 m span, carrying uniformly distributed load of 3 kN/m is to be designed using cast iron rectangular section. Permissible stresses in cast iron are f = 30 N/mm^2 in tension and fc = 90 N/mm^2 in compression\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(3)                    #Span of cantilever,m\n",
-    "w=float(3)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/2        #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#let b be the width and d the depth\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since it is rectangular section, N-A lies at mid-depth, and stresses at top and bottom are same. Hence, permissible tensile stress value is reached earlier and it governs the design.\n",
-    "fper=30                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "b=100                         #mm\n",
-    "f=30   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt((M*6)/(b*f))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,1),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.11 page number 330"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 23.11 mm\n",
-      "select 25mm bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the diameter of the bar be ‘d’. Now, W = 800 N L = 1 m = 1000 mm\n",
-    "L=1000\n",
-    "W=800\n",
-    "M=W*L/4                     #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "f=150                       #permissible stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float((((M*32)/(pi*f)))**(0.33))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"select 25mm bar \"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_r6Y8ULo.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_r6Y8ULo.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e89d127d..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_r6Y8ULo.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,571 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter10-STRESSES IN BEAMS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.1 page number 319\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) w= 5.76 KN/m\n",
-      "(ii) P= 9.72 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A simply supported beam of span 3.0 m has a cross-section 120 mm × 180 mm. If the permissible stress in the material of the beam is 10 N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=float(120)           \n",
-    "d=float(180)           \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I=(b*d^3)/12,Ymax=d/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=(b*pow(d,2))/6  \n",
-    "fper=float(10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=3\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum udl beam can carry be w/metre length \n",
-    "#In this case, we know that maximum moment occurs at mid span and is equal to Mmax = (wL^2)/8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=(Mmax*8)/(pow(L,2)*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Concentrated load at distance 1 m from the support be P kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(1)           #distance of point at which load is applied from left,m\n",
-    "b=float(2)           #distance of point at which load is applied from right,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(L*Mmax)/(a*b*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(ii) P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.2 page number 320"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " P= 4.52 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A circular steel pipe of external diameter 60 mm and thickness 8 mm is used as a simply supported beam over an effective span of 2 m. If permissible stress in steel is 150 N/mm^2, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=float(60)            #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "d=float(44)             #Thickness,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*(pow(D,4)-pow(d,4)))/64         #Area moment of inertia,mm^4\n",
-    "Ymax=float(30)                       #extreme fibre distance,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/Ymax  \n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let maximum load it can carry be P kN.\n",
-    "L=float(2)\n",
-    "P=(4*Mmax)/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.3 page number 321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 68.49 KN/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "#the cross-section of a cantilever beam of 2.5 m span. Material used is steel for which maximum permissible stress is 150 N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=float(180)               #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)               #height of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "a=float(170)               #width of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "h=float(380)               #Height of inter rectancle if I-beam consider as Rectangle with width 10,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=((A*pow(H,3))/12)-((a*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "ymax=float(200)            #extreme fibre,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mmax=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If udl is w kN/m, maximum moment in cantilever\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=2  #m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=Mmax/(L*1000000)\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.4 page number 323"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 8.608\n",
-      "(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 6.087\n",
-      "(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection= 10.171\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Compare the moment carrying capacity of the section given in example 10.3 with equivalent section of the same area but (i) square section (ii) rectangular section with depth twice the width and (iii) a circular section.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=180.0*10.0+380.0*10.0+180.0*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If ‘a’ is the size of the equivalent square section, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=float(sqrt(A))       #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(a*pow(a,3))/12  #Moment of inertia of this section, mm^4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=a/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=150.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mcc=f*Z          #Moment carrying capacity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/Mcc\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent rectangular section of depth twice the width. Let b be the width,Depth d = 2b. Equating its area to area of I-section,we get\n",
-    "b=sqrt(7400/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ymax=b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=b*(pow((2*b),3))/12\n",
-    " \n",
-    "M=f*I/ymax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(ii) Moment carryingcapacity of I-section/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Equivalent circular section. Let diameter be d.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(7400*4/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(pi*pow(d,4))/64\n",
-    "ymax=d/2\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=float(150)\n",
-    "M=fper*Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MccI=136985000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ratio=MccI/M\n",
-    "print \"(i) Moment carryingcapacity of Isection/ Moment carryingcapacityof equivalent squaresection=\",round(Ratio,3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.5 page number 324"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 127.632 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A symmetric I-section of size 180 mm × 40 mm, 8 mm thick is strengthened with 240 mm × 10 mm rectangular plate on top flange. If permissible stress in the material is 150 N/mm^2, determine how much concentrated load the beam of this section can carry at centre of 4 m span. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=float(240)\n",
-    "b=float(180)\n",
-    "t=float(10)\n",
-    "h=float(400)\n",
-    "w=float(8)\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(240*10+180*8+384*8+180*8)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(240*10*405+180*8*(400-4)+384*8*200+180*8*4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(t,3)/12)+(b1*t*(pow(((h+5)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow(((h-4)-Y),2)))+(w*pow((h-16),3)/12)+((h-16)*w*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b*pow(w,3)/12)+(b*w*(pow((4-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h+t/2)-Y\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "ymax=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z=I/ymax\n",
-    "fper=150\n",
-    "M=fper*Z/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let P kN be the central concentrated load the simply supported beam can carry. Then max bending movement in the beam\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=M*4/(w/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,3),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.6 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "w= 2.734 KN/m\n",
-      "calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The cross-section of a cast iron beam. The top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension. Permissible stress in tension is 30 N/mm^2 and its value in compression is 90 N/mm^2\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "b1=float(75)\n",
-    "h1=50\n",
-    "h2=50\n",
-    "b2=float(150)\n",
-    "t=float(25)\n",
-    "h=float(200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "                                                                                               \n",
-    "A=float(75*50+25*100+150*50)       #Area of section,A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=(75*50*175+25*100*100+150*50*25)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(b1*pow(h1,3)/12)+(b1*h1*(pow(((h-(h1/2))-Y),2)))+(t*pow((h-h1-h2),3)/12)+(t*(h-h1-h2)*(pow(((h/2)-Y),2)))+(b2*pow(h2,3)/12)+(b2*h2*(pow(((h2/2)-Y),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ytop=(h-Y)\n",
-    "ybottom=Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=I/ytop\n",
-    "fperc=90\n",
-    "#Top fibres are in compression. Hence from consideration of compression strength, moment carrying capacity of the beam is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M1=fperc*Z1/1000000         #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bottom fibres are in tension. Hence from consideration of tension, moment carrying capacity of the section is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z2=I/ybottom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fpert=30    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M2=fpert*Z2/1000000        #Momnent carrying capacity of the section,KN-m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Actual moment carrying capacity is the lower value of the above two values. Hence moment carrying capacity of the section is \n",
-    "Mmax=min(M1,M2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(5)\n",
-    "w=sqrt(Mmax*8/pow(L,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"w=\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\"\n",
-    "print\"calculation mistake in book\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example10.7 page number 327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "y= 5.0 m\n",
-      "f= 5.24 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The diameter of a concrete flag post varies from 240 mm at base to 120 mm at top. The height of the post is 10 m. If the post is subjected to a horizontal force of 600 N at top\n",
-    "#Consider a section y metres from top. Diameter at this section is d.\n",
-    "#d=120+12*y\n",
-    "#I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "#Z=I*2/d=pi*pow(d,3)/32\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "#M=600*1000*y #moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#f*Z=M,f is extreme fibre stress.\n",
-    "y=float(5) \n",
-    "print \"y=\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Stress at this section f is given by\n",
-    "P=600\n",
-    "M=P*y*1000\n",
-    "d=120+12*y\n",
-    "I=pi*pow(d,4)/64\n",
-    "Z=I*2/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M/Z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",round(f,3),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.9 page number 329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "b= 150.0 mm\n",
-      "d= 300.0 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Design a timber beam is to carry a load of 5 kN/m over a simply supported span of 6 m. Permissible stress in timber is 10 N/mm2. Keep depth twice the width.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "w=float(5)                  #KN/m\n",
-    "L=float(6)                  #m \n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/8              #Maximum bending moment,N-mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let b be the width and d the depth. Then in this problem d = 2b.\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6=2*(b**3)/3\n",
-    "f=10                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "b=float(((M*3)/(2*f))**(0.3333))\n",
-    "print \"b=\",round(b),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=2*b\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.10 page number 329\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 164.3 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#A cantilever of 3 m span, carrying uniformly distributed load of 3 kN/m is to be designed using cast iron rectangular section. Permissible stresses in cast iron are f = 30 N/mm^2 in tension and fc = 90 N/mm^2 in compression\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(3)                    #Span of cantilever,m\n",
-    "w=float(3)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "M=w*1000000*pow(L,2)/2        #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "#let b be the width and d the depth\n",
-    "#Z=b*pow(d,2)/6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since it is rectangular section, N-A lies at mid-depth, and stresses at top and bottom are same. Hence, permissible tensile stress value is reached earlier and it governs the design.\n",
-    "fper=30                       #N/mm^2\n",
-    "b=100                         #mm\n",
-    "f=30   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f*Z=M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt((M*6)/(b*f))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,1),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 10.11 page number 330"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "d= 23.11 mm\n",
-      "select 25mm bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the diameter of the bar be ‘d’. Now, W = 800 N L = 1 m = 1000 mm\n",
-    "L=1000\n",
-    "W=800\n",
-    "M=W*L/4                     #Maximum moment,N-mm\n",
-    "f=150                       #permissible stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float((((M*32)/(pi*f)))**(0.33))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"select 25mm bar \"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_IE4byFL.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_IE4byFL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_IE4byFL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_N0K1mlo.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_N0K1mlo.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_N0K1mlo.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_RAQoou9.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_RAQoou9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_RAQoou9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_SOLVgXg.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_SOLVgXg.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_SOLVgXg.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_VcicGy5.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_VcicGy5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_VcicGy5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_dWG3d2Y.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_dWG3d2Y.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_dWG3d2Y.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_fAZhMdq.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_fAZhMdq.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_fAZhMdq.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_hoqMFBX.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_hoqMFBX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_hoqMFBX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_iBTGbp8.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_iBTGbp8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_iBTGbp8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_k1rTVhh.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_k1rTVhh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_k1rTVhh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_nGrFEGY.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_nGrFEGY.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_nGrFEGY.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_pfzLlc6.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_pfzLlc6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 06fa6f21..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_pfzLlc6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,654 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter11-PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.2 page number 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) P= 14726.22 N\n",
-      "(b) P= -44178.65 N compressive\n",
-      "Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\n",
-      "P= 24544.0 N\n",
-      "The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A material has strength in tension, compression and shear as 30N/mm2, 90 N/mm2 and 25 N/mm2, respectively. If a specimen of diameter 25 mm is tested in tension and compression identity the failure surfaces and loads. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In tension: Let axial direction be x direction. Since it is uniaxial loading, py  = 0, q = 0 and only px exists.when the material is subjected to full tensile stress, px = 30 N/mm^2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=float(30)\n",
-    "pc=float(90)\n",
-    "ps=float(25)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(25)\n",
-    "px=float(30)         #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "q=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=(px-py)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence failure criteria is normal stress p1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Corresponding load P is obtained by\n",
-    "p=p1\n",
-    "P=p1*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In case of compression test,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-pc\n",
-    "py=q=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=-px*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) P=\",round((-P),2),\"N compressive\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at this stage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Material fails because of maximum shear and not by axial compression.\"\n",
-    "qmax=25\n",
-    "px=2*qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=px*A\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"The plane of qmax is at 45° to the plane of px. \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.3 page number 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "pn= 30.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pt= 86.6 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p= 91.65 N/mm^2\n",
-      "alpha= 19.1 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The direct stresses at a point in the strained material are 120 N/mm2 compressive and 80 N/mm2 tensile. There is no shear stress.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The plane AC makes 30° (anticlockwise) to the plane of px (y-axis). Hence theta= 30°. px = 80 N/mm^2 py = – 120 N/mm^2 ,q = 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)\n",
-    "py=float(-120)\n",
-    "q=float(0)\n",
-    "theta=30\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pn=\",round(pn),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=((px-py)/2)*sin(2*theta*pi/180)-q*cos(2*theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"pt=\",round(pt,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\", round(alpha,1),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.4 page number 355"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n",
-      "p1= 278.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= 71.92 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 103.08 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(200)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(150)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(100)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.5 page number 356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= 82.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -62.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 72.8 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 7.97 ° and  97.97 °\n",
-      "theta'= 37.03 ° and= 52.97 °\n",
-      "answer in book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(80)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-60)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(20)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Planes of maximum shear make 45° to the above planes.\n",
-    "theta11=45-theta1\n",
-    "theta22=theta2-45\n",
-    "print\"theta'=\",round(theta11,2),\"°\",\"and=\",round(theta22,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"answer in book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.6 page number 357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "p1= -35.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -139.04 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 51.54 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 37.98 ° and  127.98 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(-75)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(-50)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "theta2=90+theta1\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" and \",round(theta2,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.7 page number 358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 131.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "p2= -81.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "(ii) qmax= 106.07 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -22.5 ° clockwise\n",
-      "theta2= 22.5 °\n",
-      "p= 108.97 N/mm^2\n",
-      "phi= 13.3 °\n",
-      "mitake in book answer is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,cos,sin,atan,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the principal plane make anticlockwise angle theta with the plane of px with y-axis. Then\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=float(-50)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "py=float(100)                    #N/mm^2\n",
-    "q=float(75)                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"(ii) qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let theta be the inclination of principal stress to the plane of px.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=(atan((2*q)/(px-py))*180)/(pi*2)                        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1,2),\"°\" \" clockwise\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Plane of maximum shear makes 45° to it \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+45\n",
-    "print\"theta2=\",round(theta2,2),\"°\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Normal stress on this plane is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pn=((px+py)/2)+((px-py)/2)*cos(2*theta2*pi/180)+q*sin(2*theta2*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pt=qmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Resultant stress\n",
-    "p=sqrt(pow(pn,2)+pow(pt,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ‘p’ make angle phi to tangential stress (maximum shear stress plane). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=atan(pn/pt)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phi=\",round(phi,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#there is mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mitake in book answer is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.9 page number 361"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 0.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -84.17 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=float(100)                   #wide of rectangular beam,mm\n",
-    "h=float(200)                   #height or rectangular beam dude,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=w*pow(h,3)/12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At point A, which is at 30 mm below top fibre \n",
-    "y=100-30\n",
-    "M=float(80*1000000)            #sagging moment,KN-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fx=M*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=-fx\n",
-    "F=float(100*1000 )            #shear force,N\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "A=b*30\n",
-    "y1=100-15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(F*(A*y1))/(b*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.10 page number 362\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(i) p1= 0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -0.8333 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °  and  135.0 °\n",
-      "(ii) p1= 0.0122 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -32.4196 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -1.0 °  and  89.0 °\n",
-      "mistake in book\n",
-      "(iii) p1= 0.0 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -64.8148 N/mm^2\n",
-      "theta= -0.0 °  and  90.0 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 1m,KN.\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 2m,KN.\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                        #vertical loading from A at distance of 3m,KN.\n",
-    "Ra=(P1+P2+P3)/2              #Due to symmetry\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=Ra                         \n",
-    "#At section 1.5 m from A\n",
-    "F=(Ra-P1)*1000\n",
-    "M=float((Ra*1.5-P1*0.5)*1000000)\n",
-    "b=float(100)\n",
-    "h=float(180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=float((b*pow(h,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Bending stress \n",
-    "#f=M*y/I\n",
-    "y11=0\n",
-    "f1=(-1)*M*y11/I\n",
-    "y22=45\n",
-    "f2=(-1)*M*y22/I\n",
-    "y33=90\n",
-    "f3=(-1)*M*y33/I\n",
-    "#Shearing stress at a fibre ‘y’ above N–A is\n",
-    "#q=(F/(b*I))*(A*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=0,\n",
-    "y1=45\n",
-    "A1=b*90\n",
-    "q1=(F/(b*I))*(A1*y1)\n",
-    "#at y=45\n",
-    "y2=float(90-45/2)\n",
-    "A2=b*45\n",
-    "q2=(F/(b*I))*(A2*y2)\n",
-    "#at y=90\n",
-    "q3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a) At neutral axis (y = 0) : The element is under pure shear \n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f1+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f1+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f1-py)/2),2)+pow(q1,2))\n",
-    "print \"(i) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "theta2=theta1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta1),\"°\",\" and \",round(theta2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) At (y = 45)\n",
-    "py=0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f2+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f2+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f2-py)/2),2)+pow(q2,2))\n",
-    "print \"(ii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetab1=(atan((2*q2)/(f2-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetab2=thetab1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetab1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetab2),\"°\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "print\"mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c) At Y=90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(f3+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(f3+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((f3-py)/2),2)+pow(q3,2))\n",
-    "print \"(iii) p1=\",round(p1,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,4),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetac1=(atan((2*q3)/(f3-py))*180)/(pi*2)\n",
-    "thetac2=thetac1+90\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(thetac1),\"°\",\" and \",round(thetac2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 11.11 page number 364\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " p1= 5.21 N/mm^2\n",
-      " p2= -107.56 N/mm^2\n",
-      "qmax= 56.38 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=float(6)                     #m\n",
-    "w=float(60)                    #uniformly distributed load,KN/m\n",
-    "Rs=L*w/2                       #Reaction at support,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment at 1.5 m from support\n",
-    "M =float( Rs*1.5-(w*pow(1.5,2)/2))\n",
-    "#Shear force at 1.5 m from support \n",
-    "F=Rs-1.5*w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=float(200)                   #width of I-beam,mm\n",
-    "H=float(400)                   #height or I-beam,mm\n",
-    "b=float(190)\n",
-    "h=float(380)\n",
-    "I= (B*pow(H,3)/12)-(b*pow(h,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N–A\n",
-    "y=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=M*1000000*y/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Thus the state of stress on an element at y = 100 mm, as px = f,py=0\n",
-    "px=-f\n",
-    "py=0\n",
-    "A=200*10*195+10*90*145\n",
-    "q=(F*1000*(A))/(10*I)     #shearing stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(px+py)/2+sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "p2=(px+py)/2-sqrt(pow(((px-py)/2),2)+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "print \" p1=\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \" p2=\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "qmax=sqrt((pow((px-py)/2,2))+pow(q,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"qmax=\",round(qmax,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_2wryDDQ.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_2wryDDQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_2wryDDQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_BuZVTIP.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_BuZVTIP.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_BuZVTIP.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_D0ImquH.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_D0ImquH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_D0ImquH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_EeN8oH7.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_EeN8oH7.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_EeN8oH7.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_M2InnXG.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_M2InnXG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_M2InnXG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_UCsno1y.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_UCsno1y.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_UCsno1y.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_Yd7uN6t.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_Yd7uN6t.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_Yd7uN6t.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_Z95iVp3.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_Z95iVp3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_Z95iVp3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_bGP3Wsd.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_bGP3Wsd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_bGP3Wsd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_fdbb8ly.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_fdbb8ly.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_fdbb8ly.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_gyz58mt.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_gyz58mt.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_gyz58mt.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_pFJzyF5.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_pFJzyF5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_pFJzyF5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_xobe83Y.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_xobe83Y.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_xobe83Y.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_yzunizs.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_yzunizs.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 080cbafb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_yzunizs.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1-INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS OF SOLIDS "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example1.1 Page number 10\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " The resultant velocity : 21.54 km/hour\n",
-      "68.2 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#downstream direction as x\n",
-    "#direction across river as y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vx= 8                       #velocity of stream, km/hour\n",
-    "Vy=float(20)                       #velocity of boat,km/hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=sqrt(pow(Vx,2)+pow(Vy,2)) #resultant velocity, km/hour\n",
-    "theta=Vy/Vx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha= atan(theta)*180/pi   #angle, degrees     \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" The resultant velocity :\",round(V,2),\"km/hour\"\n",
-    "print round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.2 Page number 10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.0 KN (to the left)\n",
-      "17.32 KN (downward)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#components of force in horizontal and vertical components. \n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F= 20                        #force in wire, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "Fx= F*cos(60*pi/180)          \n",
-    "Fy= F*sin(60*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(Fx,2),\"KN\" ,\"(to the left)\"\n",
-    "print round(Fy,2), \"KN\" ,\"(downward)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.3 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Component normal to the plane : 9.4 KN\n",
-      "Component parallel to the plane : 3.42 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #The plane makes an angle of 20° to the horizontal. Hence the normal to the plane makes an angles of 70° to the horizontal i.e., 20° to the vertical\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W= 10                        # black weighing, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Nor= W*cos(20*pi/180)             #Component normal to the plane\n",
-    "para= W*sin(20*pi/180)            #Component parallel to the plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to the plane :\",round(Nor,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"Component parallel to the plane :\",round(para,2) , \"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.4 Page number 11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 100.0 N\n",
-      "F2= 200.0 N\n",
-      "theta= 63.9 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is 2F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt, acos\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R1=260            #resultant of two forces,N\n",
-    "R2=float(180)          #resultant of two forces if larger force is reversed,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=sqrt((pow(R1,2)+pow(R2,2))/10)\n",
-    "F1=F\n",
-    "F2=2*F\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R1,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",F1,\"N\"\n",
-    "print  \"F2=\",F2,\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,1),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.5 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F1= 326.35 N\n",
-      "F2= 223.24 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ?ABC be the triangle of forces drawn to some scale\n",
-    "#Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point A\n",
-    "#angle in degrees '°'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import  sin,pi\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#variabble declaration\n",
-    "cnv=pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BAC = 20*cnv                           #Resultant R makes angle with F1    \n",
-    " \n",
-    "ABC = 130*cnv                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ACB = 30*cnv   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "R =  500                            #resultant force,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#sinerule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F1=R*sin(ACB)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "F2=R*sin(BAC)/sin(ABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.6 Page number 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 78.13 °\n",
-      "alpha= 29.29 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let ABC  be the triangle of forces,'theta' be the angle between F1 and F2, and 'alpha' be the angle between resultant and F1 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import sin,acos,asin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "cnv= 180/pi\n",
-    "F1=float(400)                         #all forces are in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "F2=float(260)\n",
-    "R=float(520)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=acos((pow(R,2)-pow(F1,2)-pow(F2,2))/(2*F1*F2))*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)/R)*cnv\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 1.7 Page number 13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "horizontal component= 2814.2 N\n",
-      "Vertical component =  1039.2 N\n",
-      "Component along crank = 507.1 N\n",
-      "Component normal to crank= 2956.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The force of 3000 N acts along line AB. Let AB make angle alpha with horizontal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "F=3000                        #force in newtons,'N'\n",
-    "BC=80                         #length of crank BC, 'mm'\n",
-    "AB=200                        #length of connecting rod AB ,'mm'\n",
-    "theta=60*pi/180               #angle b/w BC & AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=asin(BC*sin(theta)/200)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HC=F*cos(alpha*pi/180)                    #Horizontal component \n",
-    "VC= F*sin(alpha*pi/180)                   #Vertical component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Components along and normal to crank\n",
-    "#The force makes angle alpha + 60  with crank.\n",
-    "alpha2=alpha+60\n",
-    "CAC=F*cos(alpha2*pi/180)             # Component along crank \n",
-    "CNC= F*sin(alpha2*pi/180)             #Component normal to crank \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horizontal component=\",round(HC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Vertical component = \",round(VC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component along crank =\",round(CAC,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"Component normal to crank=\",round(CNC,1),\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2.ipynb
index 8f470bf5..a94760d2 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
     "\n",
     "#variable declaration\n",
     "\n",
@@ -975,7 +975,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
     "\n",
     "#variable declaration\n",
     "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
@@ -1247,7 +1247,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi,cos\n",
+    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
     "\n",
     "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
     "\n",
@@ -1355,7 +1355,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,sqrt\n",
+    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
     "\n",
     "#variable declaration\n",
     "\n",
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_42vnHw9.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_42vnHw9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_42vnHw9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_F9Bz15n.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_F9Bz15n.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_F9Bz15n.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_JPopPWa.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_JPopPWa.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_JPopPWa.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_KLSq0oK.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_KLSq0oK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_KLSq0oK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_MoXnaf4.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_MoXnaf4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_MoXnaf4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_Rcy1wii.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_Rcy1wii.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_Rcy1wii.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_TvxYpxT.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_TvxYpxT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_TvxYpxT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_Uky3L9B.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_Uky3L9B.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_Uky3L9B.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_VU0Vuul.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_VU0Vuul.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_VU0Vuul.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_Xiz19Ms.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_Xiz19Ms.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_Xiz19Ms.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_mHtlO6a.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_mHtlO6a.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_mHtlO6a.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_rAG8C10.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_rAG8C10.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_rAG8C10.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_xHYwxJ4.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_xHYwxJ4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_xHYwxJ4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_xUN650b.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_xUN650b.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a94760d2..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_xUN650b.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1857 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter2-FUNDAMENTALS OF STATICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.1 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 43,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Moment is = -9607.41  Nmm clockwise\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=100.0\n",
-    "hd=400.0\n",
-    "vd=500.0\n",
-    "o=60.0\n",
-    "M=F*(math.cos(o/180.0*3.14)*vd-math.sin(o/180.0*3.14)*hd)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Moment is =\", M ,\" Nmm clockwise\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.2 Page number 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.3 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Distance = 2.00 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#F                force \n",
-    "#hd               horizontal distance \n",
-    "#vd               vertical  distance\n",
-    "#O                angle\n",
-    "#M                moment of force\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "F=5000.0\n",
-    "o=37\n",
-    "M=8000.0\n",
-    "hd=M/(F*math.cos(o*3.14/180))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Distance =\", hd ,\"m\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.4 Page number 25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force = 161.52 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant angle = 0.33 radians\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#R             resultant force\n",
-    "#Rx            resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry            resultant vertical component\n",
-    "#f1             force\n",
-    "#f2             force\n",
-    "#f3             force\n",
-    "#o1             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o2             angle with the line \n",
-    "#o3             angle with the line \n",
-    "#O              angle of resultant force with line\n",
-    "f1=70.0\n",
-    "f2=80.0\n",
-    "f3=50.0 \n",
-    "o1=50.0\n",
-    "o2=25.0\n",
-    "o3=-45.0\n",
-    "Rx=(f1*math.cos(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.cos(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.cos(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "Ry=(f1*math.sin(o1/180*3.14)+f2*math.sin(o2/180*3.14)+f3*math.sin(o3/180*3.14));\n",
-    "R=math.sqrt(Rx**2+Ry**2)\n",
-    "O=math.atan(Ry/Rx)\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force =\", R ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant angle =\", O ,\"radians\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.5 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 47,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  along the incline plane = 234.24 N\n",
-      "\n",
-      " \n",
-      "  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane = -0.46 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#O       angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "#N       normal reaction\n",
-    "#W       weight\n",
-    "#F,T     forces\n",
-    "#Rx     resultant horizontal component\n",
-    "#Ry     resultant vertical component\n",
-    "o = 60.0  \n",
-    "W = 1000.0\n",
-    "N = 500.0\n",
-    "F = 100.0\n",
-    "T = 1200.0\n",
-    "Rx = T-F-(W*math.sin(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "Ry =  N-(W*math.cos(o/180*3.14))\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  along the incline plane =\", Rx ,\"N\");\n",
-    "print '%s %.2f %s' %(\"\\n \\n  Resultant Force  vertical to  the incline plane =\", Ry ,\"N\");\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.6 Page number 26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 48,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force 467.201871561 N\n",
-      "At an angle 61.0805191269\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "R=1000.0   #Resultant force\n",
-    "F1=500.0    #Force \n",
-    "F2=1000.0   #force\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0              #angle resultant makes with  x axis  \n",
-    "o1=30.0*3.14/180.0             #angle  F1 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "o2=60.0*3.14/180.0              #angle  F2 makes with  x axis \n",
-    "#F3coso3=Rcoso-F1coso1-F2sino2\n",
-    "#F3sino=Rsino-F1sino1-F2coso2\n",
-    "F3=((R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2))**2+(R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))**2)**0.5\n",
-    "print \"Force\",F3,\"N\"\n",
-    "o3=180/3.14*math.atan((R*math.sin(o)-F1*math.sin(o1)-F2*math.sin(o2))/(R*math.cos(o)-F1*math.cos(o1)-F2*math.cos(o2)))\n",
-    "print \"At an angle\",o3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 2.7 Page number 27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 6.32 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=300.0\n",
-    "P2=500.0\n",
-    "thetaI=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaP2=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "thetaP1=40.0*pi/180\n",
-    "# Let the x and y axes be If the resultant is directed along the x axis, its component in y direction is zero.\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(P2*sin(thetaP2))/(P1)\n",
-    "theta=(asin((F/(cos(20*pi/180)*2)))*180/pi)-20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.8 page number 30\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 50,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 68.0592 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 81.55 °\n",
-      "x= 3.326 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=20.0\n",
-    "P2=30.0\n",
-    "P3=20.0\n",
-    "theta3=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=20.0*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "Fy=P1+P2+P3*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=P1*1.5+P2*3.0+P3*sin(theta3)*6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the resultant from point O is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=MA/R\n",
-    "x=d/sin(alpha*pi/180)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.9 page number 31\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 91.19 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 35.84 °\n",
-      "x= 317.023 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,atan,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=100.0                           #inclined up loading at 60° at A, N\n",
-    "PB1=80.0                           #Vertical down loading at B,N\n",
-    "PB2=80.0                           #Horizontal right loading at at B,N \n",
-    "PC=120.0                           #inclined down loading at 30° at C,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking horizontal direction towards left as x axis and the vertical downward direction as y axis. \n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fx=PB2-PA*cos(thetaA)-PC*cos(thetaB)\n",
-    "Rx=-Fx\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=PB1+PC*sin(thetaB)-PA*sin(thetaA)\n",
-    "Ry=Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A at which the resultant cuts AC. Then taking A as moment centre,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(PB1*100*sin(thetaA)+PB2*50+PC*sin(thetaB)*100)/Ry\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.10 page number 32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 52,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 565.69 N\n",
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "x= 2.5 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=800.0     #Vertical down loading at A,N\n",
-    "PC=400.0     #vertical up loading at B,N\n",
-    "HD=600.0     #Horizontal left loading at A,N\n",
-    "HB=200.0     #Horizontal right loading at B,N\n",
-    "a=1.0        #length of side,m\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=HB-HD\n",
-    "Fy=PC-PA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=PC*a+HD*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from A along x axis, where resultant cuts AB.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/Fy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round((-x),1),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.11 page number 32\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 53,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 10.0 KN\n",
-      "theta= 0.0 ° i.e. , the resultant is in the direction x.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=2.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=sqrt(3.0) #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=5.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PE=PC        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "PF=PB        #loading at F,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let O be the centre of the encircling circle A, B, C, D, E and F. In regular hexagon each side is equal to the radius AO. Hence OAB is equilateral triangle.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleoab=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "anglecab=angleoab/2.0\n",
-    "theta1=anglecab\n",
-    "theta2=(angleoab-theta1)\n",
-    "theta3=theta1\n",
-    "theta4=theta1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PB*cos(theta1+theta2)+PC*cos(theta2)+PD+PE*cos(theta3)+PF*cos(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PB*sin(theta1+theta2)-PC*sin(theta2)+0+PE*sin(theta3)+PF*sin(theta3+theta4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\",\"i.e.\",\",\",\"the resultant is in the direction x.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.12 page number 33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 54,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 4.66 N\n",
-      "alpha= 28.99 °\n",
-      "d= 42.73 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=2.0       #loading at 1,KN\n",
-    "P2=1.5       #loading at 2,KN\n",
-    "P3=5.0       #loading at 3,KN\n",
-    "a=10.0       #side length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If theta1, theta2 and theta3 are the slopes of the forces 2 kN, 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces with respect to x axis, then \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(a/a)\n",
-    "theta2=atan((3*a)/(4*a))\n",
-    "theta3=atan((a)/(2*a))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=P1*cos(theta1)+P3*cos(theta2)-P2*cos(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=P1*sin(theta1)-P3*sin(theta2)-P2*sin(theta3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round((-alpha),2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Distance d of the resultant from O is given by\n",
-    "#Rd=sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=((a*3)*P1*cos(theta1)+(5*a)*P3*sin(theta2)+P2*(a)*sin(theta3))/(4.66)\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: To find moment of forces about O, 2 kN force is resolved at it’s intersection with y axis and 5 kN and 1.5 kN forces are resolved at their intersection with x axis, and then Varignon theorem is used\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.13 page number 34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 55,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 150.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 270.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 1.8 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=40.0       #loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=60.0        #loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=1.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=1.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA+PB+PC+PD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA+(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)+PD*(AB+BC+CD)\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x,1),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.14 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 56,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 100.0 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "MA= 300.0 KN-m\n",
-      "x= 3.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #up loading at B,KN\n",
-    "PC=40.0       #down loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0       #up loading at D,KN\n",
-    "PA=80.0       #down loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PE=60.0       #down loading at E,KN\n",
-    "AB=2.0\n",
-    "BC=2.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "DE=2.0\n",
-    "#length are in m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let x and y axes be selected\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=0\n",
-    "Ry=PA-PB+PC-PD+PE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking clockwise moment as positive, \n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=(0)*PA-(AB)*PB+PC*(AB+BC)-PD*(AB+BC+CD)+PE*(AB+BC+CD+DE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"MA=\",round(MA,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The distance of resultant from A is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=MA/R\n",
-    "print \"x=\",round(x),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.15 page number 35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 57,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 2671.19 KN in y-direction\n",
-      "alpha 80.3 °\n",
-      "x= 141.195 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=500.0         #Loading at inclined to 60.0°,N\n",
-    "P2=1000.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "P3=1200.0          #vertical loading at 150 distance from O,N\n",
-    "H=700.0           #Horizontal loading at 300 ditance from O,N\n",
-    "a=150.0\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=P1*cos(theta)-H\n",
-    "Ry=-P3-P2-P1*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Rx,2)+pow(Ry,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\",\"in y-direction\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Ry/Rx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the point of application of the resultant be at a distance x from the point O along the horizontal arm. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(P1*sin(theta)*(2*a)+P2*a-P3*a*cos(theta)+H*a*2*sin(theta))/(-Ry)\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.16 page number 36"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ry= 1420.0 KN downward\n",
-      "x= 4.127 m\n",
-      "The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=1120.0          #vertical down Loading at 2m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P2=120.0          #vertical up loading at 4m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "P3=420.0          #vertical downloading at 5m distance from O,KN\n",
-    "H=500.0            #Horizontal loading at 4m ditance from O,KN\n",
-    "ah=4.0\n",
-    "a1=2.0\n",
-    "a2=4.0\n",
-    "a3=5.0\n",
-    "a=7.0\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance x from O,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=H\n",
-    "Ry=P1-P2+P3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ry=\",round(Ry,2),\"KN\",\"downward\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let x be the distance from O where the resultant cuts the base.\n",
-    "#moment at O\n",
-    "x=(H*ah+P1*a1-P2*a2+P3*a3)/(Ry)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The resultant passes through the middle third of the base i.e., between 7/3m, and 2*7/3 m.Hence, the dam is safe.\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.17 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 59,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 42.426 KN\n",
-      "d= 1.5 m  Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude 42.426  at 1.5  m below A.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "P1=5.0          #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=10.0        #Inclined at 45° down Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P4=5.0         #Inclined at 45° down Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "P8=5.0          #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 3m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P7=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 2m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P6=10.0        #Inclined at 45° UP Loading at 1m distance from A,KN\n",
-    "P5=5.0         #Inclined at 45° UP Loading  A,KN\n",
-    "a=1.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#The roof is inclined at 45° to horizontal and loads are at 90° to the roof. Hence, the loads are also inclined at 45° to vertical/horizontal. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume Resulat R at distance d from A,\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Rx=(P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8)*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Ry=-(P1+P2+P3+P4)*sin(theta)+(P5+P6+P7+P8)*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(Rx,3),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#and its direction is horizontal \n",
-    "#Let R be at a distance d from the ridge A\n",
-    "#moment at A\n",
-    "d=((P1*3*cos(theta)*a+P2*cos(theta)*2*a+P3*cos(theta)*a)*2)/(Rx)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"d=\",round(d,1),\"m\",\" Resultant is a horizontal force of magnitude\",round(Rx,3),\" at\",round(d,1),\" m below A.\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.18 page number 37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 116.52 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 76.82 °\n",
-      "x= 1.48 m\n",
-      "The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and  x= 1.48 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#The two 40 kN forces acting on the smooth pulley may be replaced by a pair of 40 kN forces acting at centre of pulley C and parallel to the given forces, since the sum of moments of the two given forces about C is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=20.0       #inclined at 45° loading at A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #inclined at 60° loading at B,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC1=40.0       #inclined at 30° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PC2=40.0       #inclined at 20° loading at C,KN\n",
-    "PD=50.0        #inclined at 30.0 at distance 2m form A,KN\n",
-    "PE=20.0        #inclined at alpha at distance xm form A,KN\n",
-    "P=20.0         #vertical loading at distance 4m,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaA=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaB=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC1=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaC2=20.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "AD=2.0\n",
-    "AC=3.0\n",
-    "AB=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "Fx=PA*cos(thetaA)-PB*cos(thetaB)-PD*cos(thetaD)-PC1*sin(thetaC1)+PC2*cos(thetaC2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fy=-PA*sin(thetaA)-P+P-PB*sin(thetaB)-PD*sin(thetaD)-PC2*sin(thetaC2)-PC1*cos(thetaC1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=sqrt(pow(Fx,2)+pow(Fy,2))\n",
-    "print \"R=\",round(R,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(Fy/Fx)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Let the resultant intersect AB at  a distance x from A. Then, \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X=(-P*4+P*4+PB*sin(thetaB)*AB+PD*sin(thetaD)*AD-PD*cos(thetaD)*AD+PC2*AC*cos(thetaC2)-PC1*AC*sin(thetaC1))/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The equilibriant is equal and opposite to the resultant in which E = 116.515 kN, alpha= 76.82° and \",\"x=\",round(X,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.19 page number 42\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 103.53 N\n",
-      "R= 26.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of the sphere  shows all the forces moving away from the centre of the ball. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=100.0                #weight of sphere,N\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination of string with wall\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(W*sin((pi/2)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "R=(W*sin((pi-theta)))/sin((pi/2)+theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The above problem may be solved using equations of equilibrium also. Taking horizontal direction as x axis and vertical direction as y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Notes: \n",
-    "#1. The string can have only tension in it (it can pull a body), but cannot have compression in it (cannot push a body). \n",
-    "#2. The wall reaction is a push, but cannot be a pull on the body. \n",
-    "#3. If the magnitude of reaction comes out to be negative, then assumed direction of reaction is wrong. It is acting exactly in the opposite to the assumed direction. However, the magnitude will be the same. Hence no further analysis is required. This advantage is not there in using Lami's equation. Hence, it is advisable for beginners to use equations of equilibrium, instead of Lami's theorem even if the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces. \n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.20 page number 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 1732.05 N\n",
-      "P= 866.03 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The body is in equilibrium under the action of applied force P, self-weight 1500 N and normal reaction R from the plane. Since R, which is normal to the plane, makes 30° with the vertical (or 60° with the horizontal), \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=1500.0                #weight of block,N\n",
-    "theta=30.0*pi/180      #angle of inclination \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=R*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Note: Since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces the above problem can be solved using Lami’s theorem \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.21 page number 42"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S= -0.058 N\n",
-      "Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude 0.058 kN.\n",
-      "R= 14.979 kN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A bar can develop a tensile force or a compressive force. Let the force developed be a compressive force S (push on the cylinder). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=10.0                #weight of Roller,KN\n",
-    "IL=7.0                #inclined loading at angle of 45°,KN\n",
-    "H=5.0                 #Horizontal loading ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0*pi/180      #angle of loading of IL\n",
-    "thetaS=30.0*pi/180.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Since there are more than three forces in the system, Lami’s equations cannot be applied. Consider the components in horizontal and vertical directions. \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "S=(-H+IL*cos(theta))/cos(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"S=\",round(S,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Since the value of S is negative the force exerted by the bar is not a push, but it is pull (tensile force in bar) of magnitude\",round(-S,3) ,\"kN.\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "R=W+IL*sin(theta)-S*sin(thetaS)\n",
-    "print\"R=\",round(R,3),\"kN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.22 page number 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x= 1.125 m\n",
-      "T= 125.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos,sin,pi,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The pulley C is in equilibrium under the action of tensile forces in CA and CB and vertical downward load 200 N. The tensile forces in segment CA and CB are the same since the pulley is frictionless. Now consider the equilibrium of pulley C \n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "L=200.0      #suspended load at C,N\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BI=1.0\n",
-    "ACB=5.0  #Length of cord,m\n",
-    "DE=3.0\n",
-    "BE=4.0\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "#assume T is tension in string making angle theta1 & theta2,solving horizontal we find theta1=theta2,lets called them theta ,as triangleCFD=triangle=CFA.so, CD=AC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HI=BI*DE/BE\n",
-    "AH=DE-HI\n",
-    "x=AH/2\n",
-    "print\"x=\",round(x,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=L/(2*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.23 page number 45"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1154.7 N\n",
-      "P= 1732.05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin ,acos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#When the roller is about to turn over the curb, the contact with the floor is lost and hence there is no reaction from the floor. The reaction R from the curb must pass through the intersection of P and the line of action of self weight, since the body is in equilibrium under the action of only three forces (all the three forces must be concurrent). \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=2000.0               #weight of roller,N\n",
-    "r=300.0                #radius of roller,mm\n",
-    "h=150.0                # height of curb,mm\n",
-    "OC=r-h\n",
-    "AO=r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(OC/AO)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angleOAB=angleOBA,Since OA=OB,\n",
-    "angleOBA=(alpha)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the reaction makes 30° with the vertical\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=W/cos(angleOBA)\n",
-    "P=R*sin(angleOBA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Least force through the centre of wheel: Now the reaction from the curb must pass through the centre of the wheel since the other two forces pass through that point. Its inclination to vertical is theta = 60°. If the triangle of forces ABC  representing selfweight by AB, reaction R by BC and pull P by AC, it may be observed that AC to be least, it should be perpendicular to BC. In other words, P makes 90° with the line of action of R.\n",
-    "#From triangle of forces ABC, we get \n",
-    "P=W*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",round(P,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.24 page number 47 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 224.14 N\n",
-      "T2= 183.01 N\n",
-      "T3= 336.6 N\n",
-      "T4= 326.79 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=200.0                       #Vertical loading at B,N\n",
-    "PD=250.0                       #Vertical loading at D,N\n",
-    "thetabc=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabd=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaed=45.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of points B and D . Let the forces in the members be as shown in the figure. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces at point D,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PD*sin(pi-thetabd)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "T2=PD*sin(pi-thetaed)/sin(thetaed+(pi/2)-thetabd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+T2*cos(thetabd))/cos(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T4=(T2*sin(thetabd))+T3*sin(thetabc)\n",
-    "print \"T4=\",round(T4,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.25 page number 47\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 2863.64 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,acos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PC=1500.0                       #Vertical loading at C,N\n",
-    "CD=2.0                        \n",
-    "AC=1.5\n",
-    "BD=1.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((pow(AC,2)-pow(BD,2))/4)+1\n",
-    "y=sqrt(pow(AC,2)-pow(x,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(x/AC)\n",
-    "beta=acos((CD-x)/BD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces acting at point C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PC*sin(pi/2)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T2=PC*sin((pi/2)+alpha)/sin(pi-alpha)\n",
-    "T3=T2*sin(pi/2)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "W=T2*sin(pi-beta)/sin((pi/2)+beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(W,2),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.26 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T1= 44.8 KN\n",
-      "T2= 29.24 KN\n",
-      "theta= 63.42 °\n",
-      "T3= 25.04 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                       #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    "PC=30.0                       #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "thetaab=30.0 *pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetabc=50.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying lami's thereom\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=PB*sin(thetabc)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "T2=PB*sin(pi-thetaab)/sin(pi-thetabc+thetaab)\n",
-    "theta=atan((T2*sin(thetabc))/(PC-T2*cos(thetabc)))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PC-T2*cos(thetabc))/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#mistake in book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.27 page number 49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T3= 22.5 KN\n",
-      "T1= 38.97 KN\n",
-      "theta= 54.79 °\n",
-      "T2= 23.85 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,atan\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0                   #vertical loadng at point B,KN \n",
-    " \n",
-    "PC=25.0                    #vertical loadng at point C,KN \n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaab=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetadc=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Writing equations of equilibrium for the system of forces at joints B and C \n",
-    "#T1*sin(thetaab)=T3*sin(thetadc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T3=(PB+PC)/((sin(thetadc)*cos(thetaab)/sin(thetaab))+cos(thetadc))\n",
-    "print \"T3=\",round(T3,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T3*sin(thetadc)/sin(thetaab)\n",
-    "print \"T1=\",round(T1,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(atan((T3*sin(thetadc))/(PC-T3*cos(thetadc))))*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T2=T3*sin(thetadc)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"T2=\",round(T2,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.28 page number 50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 600.0 N\n",
-      "alpha= 1.249 °\n",
-      "RD= 632.456 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RA= 200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,atan,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "W=600.0                      #weight of cyclinder,N\n",
-    "r=150.0                      #radius of cylinder,mm\n",
-    "a=600.0                      #mm\n",
-    "b=300.0                      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagram of sphere and frame\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB=600.0                     \n",
-    "#As the frame is in equilibrium under the action of three forces only, they must be concurrent forces. In other words, reaction at D has line of action alone OD. Hence, its inclination to horizontal is given by: \n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "alpha=atan((a-r)/r)\n",
-    "print\"alpha=\",round(alpha,4),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=RD*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RC\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.29 page number 51"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 166.67 N\n",
-      "RA= 133.33 N\n",
-      "RC= 200.0 N\n",
-      "RD= 133.33 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,acos,asin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let O1 and O2 be the centres of the first and second spheres. Drop perpendicular O1P to the horizontal line through O2. show free body diagram of the sphere 1 and 2, respectively. Since the surface of contact are smooth, reaction of B is in the radial direction, i.e., in the direction O1O2. Let it make angle a with the horizontal. Then,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=100.0                     #weight of spheres,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100.0                     #radius of spheres,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=360.0                     # horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance b/w,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1A=100.0\n",
-    "O2D=100.0\n",
-    "O1B=100.0\n",
-    "BO2=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O2P=360.0-O1A-O2D\n",
-    "O1O2=O1B+BO2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2P/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "RB=W/sin(alpha)\n",
-    "RA=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "print\"RB=\",round(RB,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "print\"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=100+RB*sin(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=RB*cos(alpha)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RC=\",round(RC),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"RD=\",round(RD,2),\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.30 page number 52"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1071.8 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Two cylinders, A of weight 4000 N and B of weight 2000 N rest on smooth inclines. They are connected by a bar of negligible weight hinged to each cylinder at its geometric centre by smooth pins\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "WA=4000.0              #weight of cylinder A,N\n",
-    "WB=2000.0              #weight of cylinder B,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "thetaWA=60.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderA,°\n",
-    "thetaWB=45.0*pi/180.0  #inclination of wall with cylinderB,°\n",
-    "thetaAb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder A ,N\n",
-    "thetaBb=15.0*pi/180.0  #angle inclination bar with cylinder B ,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#he free body diagram of the two cylinders. Applying Lami’s theorem to the system of forces on cylinder A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C=WA*sin(thetaWA)/sin(thetaWA+(pi/2)-thetaAb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Consider cylinder B. Summation of the forces parallel to the inclined plane \n",
-    "P=(-WB*cos(thetaWB)+C*cos(thetaWA))/cos(thetaBb)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.31 page number 55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 10.0382 KN\n",
-      "RA= 188.56 KN\n",
-      "alpha 32.17 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sin ,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# The 12 m boom AB weighs 1 kN, the distance of the centre of gravity G being 6 m from A. For the position shown, determine the tension T in the cable and the reaction at B \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "PB=2.5             #vertical Loading at B,KN\n",
-    "WAB=1.0            #vertical loading at G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=15.0*pi/180\n",
-    "AG=6.0             #Length of boom AB is 12m\n",
-    "GB=6.0\n",
-    "thetaAB=30.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "thetaABC=15.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "#sum of moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=(PB*(AG+GB)*cos(thetaAB)+WAB*AG*cos(thetaAB))/(sin(thetaABC)*12)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "HA=T*cos(thetaABC)\n",
-    "VA=WAB+PB+T*sin(thetaABC)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=sqrt(pow(RA,2)+pow(RA,2))\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(RA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=atan(VA/HA)*180/pi\n",
-    "print\"alpha\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example2.32 page number 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "T= 51.9615 KN\n",
-      "R1= 23.6603 KN\n",
-      "R2= 6.3397 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#A cable car used for carrying materials in a hydroelectric project is at rest on a track formed at an angle of 30° with the vertical. The gross weight of the car and its load is 60 kN and its centroid is at a point 800 mm from the track half way between the axles. The car is held by a cable .  The axles of the car are at a distance 1.2 m. Find the tension in the cables and reaction at each of the axles neglecting friction of the track.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=60.0       #gross weight  of car,KN\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180.0\n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "T=W*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"T=\",round(T,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment equilibrium condition about upper axle point on track, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=(-T*600.0+W*sin(theta)*800.0+W*cos(theta)*600.0)/1200.0\n",
-    "print\"R1=\",round(R1,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of forces normal to the plane = 0, gives \n",
-    "R2=W*cos(theta)-R1\n",
-    "print\"R2=\",round(R2,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 2.33 page numnber 56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "W= 0.75 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,acos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres having weights 1 kN and 3 kN and radii 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. \n",
-    "# Join the centres of spheres, O1 and O2 and drop O1D perpendicular to horizontal through O2. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "R=800.0\n",
-    "W1=1.0\n",
-    "r1=400.0\n",
-    "W2=3.0\n",
-    "r2=600.0\n",
-    "O1O2=1000              #mm\n",
-    "O2D=600                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If alpha is the inclination of O2O1 to horizontal\n",
-    "alpha=acos(O2D/O1O2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Free body diagrams of cylinder and spheres are shown.  Considering the equilibrium of the spheres.\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at O2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=W1*O2D/(O1O2*sin(alpha))\n",
-    "#sum of vertical Fy & sum of horizontal forces Fx is zero\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fx is right\n",
-    "#Assume direction of Fy is up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=R1\n",
-    "R3=W1+W2\n",
-    "#Now consider the equilibrium of cylinder. When it is about to tip over A, there is no reaction from ground at B. The reaction will be only at A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Sum of Moment at A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=R1*O1O2*sin(alpha)/R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"W=\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3.ipynb
index 39adbde5..09420950 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -214,6 +214,7 @@
     "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
     "\n",
     "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
+    "\n",
     "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
     "\n",
     "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
@@ -257,7 +258,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -354,7 +355,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -460,7 +461,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -582,7 +583,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -715,7 +716,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -781,7 +782,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -797,12 +798,12 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt,pi\n",
+    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
     "\n",
     "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
     "\n",
     "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
+    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
     "PL1=200.0               \n",
     "PL2=200.0\n",
     "PL3=150.0\n",
@@ -862,7 +863,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -925,7 +926,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1006,11 +1007,10 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [conda root]",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "conda-root-py"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -1022,7 +1022,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.13"
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_88A9J18.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_88A9J18.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_88A9J18.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_BsRbQCe.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_BsRbQCe.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_BsRbQCe.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_EZKiqPL.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_EZKiqPL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_EZKiqPL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_IF7BAbT.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_IF7BAbT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_IF7BAbT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_Qh2uphO.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_Qh2uphO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_Qh2uphO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_VkfH2oR.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_VkfH2oR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_VkfH2oR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_WS64jkH.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_WS64jkH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_WS64jkH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
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- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_aM1BqRM.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_aM1BqRM.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_aM1BqRM.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_cKdxsUa.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_cKdxsUa.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_cKdxsUa.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_dbMwF5t.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_dbMwF5t.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_dbMwF5t.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_lB9BZeV.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_lB9BZeV.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_lB9BZeV.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_phPgJb2.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_phPgJb2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_phPgJb2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_tEQK8Lr.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_tEQK8Lr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_tEQK8Lr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_vhNgss4.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_vhNgss4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 09420950..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_vhNgss4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1030 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter3-TRUSSES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.1 Page number68"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 45.0 °\n",
-      "FCB= 56.57 KN\n",
-      "FCD= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDB= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FDE= 40.0 KN\n",
-      "FBE= 113.14 KN\n",
-      "FBA= 120.0 KN\n",
-      "Member , Magnitude of Force in KN , Nature\n",
-      "AB , 120.0 , Tension\n",
-      "BC , 56.57 , Tension\n",
-      "CD , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "DE , 40.0 , Compresion\n",
-      "BE , 113.14 , Compresion\n",
-      "BD , 40.0 , Tension\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Determine the inclinations of all inclined members\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(1)*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta,2),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now at joints C, there are only two unknowns,forces in members CB and CD, say FCB and FCD.\n",
-    "#Now there are two equations of equilibrium for the forces meeting at the joint and two unknown forces. Hence, the unknown forces can be determined. At joint C  sum V= 0 condition shows that the force FCB should act away from the joint C so that its vertical component balances the vertical downward load at C.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P=40.0\n",
-    "FCB=P/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now sum H=0 indicates that FCD should act towards C.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, near the joint C, the arrows are marked on the members CB and CD to indicate forces FCB and FCD directions as found in the analysis of joint C. Then reversed directions are marked in the members CB and CD near joints B and D, respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=40.0\n",
-    "FDE=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#In the present case, after marking the forces in the members DB and DE, we find that analysis of joint B can be taken up.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FCB*sin(theta*pi/180)+P)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FCB*cos(theta*pi/180)+FBE*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBE=\", round(FBE,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "print \"FBA=\", round(FBA,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#Determine the nature of forces in each member and tabulate the results. Note that if the arrow marks on a member are towards each other, then the member is in tension and if the arrow marks are away from each other, the member is in compression.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Member\",\",\",\"Magnitude of Force in KN\",\",\",\"Nature\"\n",
-    "print \"AB\",\",\",    round(FBA,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"BC\",\",\",    round(FCB,2)            ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "print \"CD\",\",\",    round(FCD,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"DE\",\",\",    round(FDE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BE\",\",\",    round(FBE,2)            ,\",\",\"Compresion\"\n",
-    "print \"BD\",\",\",    round(P,2)              ,\",\",\"Tension\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.2 Page number70"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 83.7158 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAE= 41.8579 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FDC= 89.4893 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.7446 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 60.6218 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCE= 31.7543 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0\n",
-    "PC=50.0\n",
-    "PE=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*3+PE*2+PB*1)/(4.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PB+PC+PE-RD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\" ,\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=FAB*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FAE=\",round(FAE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDC=RD/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDC=\",round(FDC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=FDC*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBE=(FAB*sin(theta*pi/180)-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(FAB+FBE)*(0.5)\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=(FDC*sin(theta*pi/180)-PC)/(sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print\"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.3 Page number72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAB= 23.09 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FAC= 11.55 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FDB= 20.0 KN [Comp.]\n",
-      "FDC= 17.32 KN [Tensile]\n",
-      "FCB= 11.55 KN FCB= 11.55 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=20.0       #Load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=10.0       #Load at point C,KN \n",
-    "thetaA=60.0   #angleBAC\n",
-    "thetaD=30.0   #angleBDC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AC=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "CD=3.0   #length,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "BD=(AC+CD)*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "#angleBCA=angleABC=theta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=(180.0-thetaA)/(2.0) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking moment about A, we get\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RD=(PC*AC+PB*AC*cos(thetaA*pi/180))/(AC+CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PC+PB-RD\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=RA/sin(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(thetaA*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=RD/sin(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDB=\",round(FDB,2),\"KN\",\"[Comp.]\"\n",
-    "FDC=FDB*cos(thetaD*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FDC=\",round(FDC,2),\"KN\",\"[Tensile]\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#vertical & horizontal forces sum to zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=PC/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#CHECK\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCB=(FDC-FAC)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"FCB=\",round(FCB,2),\"KN\",\"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.4 Page number74\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FBF= 42.4264 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCF= 50.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 30.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN (Tensile)\n",
-      "FDF= 70.7107 KN Checked\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,atan,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, we cannot find a joint with only two unknown forces without finding reactions.\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=30.0      #vertical load at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=50.0      #vertical load at point C,KN \n",
-    "PDv=40.0     #vertical load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PDh=20.0     #Horizontal load at point D,KN\n",
-    "PF=30.0      #vertical load at point F,KN\n",
-    "HA=PDh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=(PC*4+PDv*8+PDh*4+PF*4)/(8.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PC+PDv+PF-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint E\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=RE\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FBF=(VA-PB)/sin(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=FBF*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C: \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCF=PC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCF=\",round(FCF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint D: Noting that inclined member is at 45°\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=45.0\n",
-    "FDF=(RE-PDv)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"(Tensile)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#check\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDF=(FCD+PDh)/cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FDF=\",round(FDF,4),\"KN\" ,  \"Checked\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example3.5 Page number75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FED= 25.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 20.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 15.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCB= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 20.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBF= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FFD= 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,asin,pi,sin,cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#All inclined members have the same inclination to horizontal. Now, length of an inclined member is BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PE=20.0\n",
-    "AF=3.0\n",
-    "FE=3.0\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "FD=4.0\n",
-    "BD=3.0\n",
-    "CD=4.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=sqrt(pow(AF,2)+pow(AB,2))\n",
-    "DE=BF\n",
-    "BC=DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sin(theta)=AB/BF\n",
-    "#cos(theta)=AF/BF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(AB/BF)\n",
-    "#As soon as a joint is analysed the forces on the joint are marked on members \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E\n",
-    "#Consider the equilibrium of the entire frame,Sum of moments about A is zero,Horizontal forces & Vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FED=PE/sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FED=\",round(FED),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=FED*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FEF=\",round(FEF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#At this stage as no other joint is having only two unknowns, no further progress is possible. Let us find the reactions at the supports considering the whole structure. Let the reaction be RC HORIZONTAL at point C,VA,HA at point A Vertically & Horizontally respectively.\n",
-    "#Taking moment at point A,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RC=PE*6/8 \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PE\n",
-    "HA=RC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FAB=VA\n",
-    "print\"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=HA\n",
-    "print\"FAF=\",round(FAF),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint C\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "FCB=RC/cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCB=\",round(FCB),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FCB*sin(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FCD=\",round(FCD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=(FCB*sin(theta)-FAB)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"FBF=\",round(FBF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBD=FCB*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print\"FBD=\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sun of horizontal forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFD=FBF\n",
-    "print\"FFD=\",round(FFD)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6 page number 78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FHG= 25.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FHF= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAC= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAB= 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 0.0\n",
-      "FBD=FBA 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE=FCA 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 0.0\n",
-      "FDF=FDB 15.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FEF= 0\n",
-      "FEG=FCE= 18.0278 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 12.0 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan, cos , sin, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=2.0    #length of beam AB,m\n",
-    "BD=2.0    #length of beam BD,m\n",
-    "DF=2.0    #length of beam DF,m\n",
-    "FH=3.0    #length of beam FH,m\n",
-    "FG=4.0    #length of beam FG,m\n",
-    "PF=12.0   #Vertical Load at point F,KN\n",
-    "PH=20.0   #Vertical Load at point H,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mistake in book FG=4.0 , given FG=2.0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=atan(FG/(AB+BD+DF))\n",
-    "theta3=atan(FG/FH)\n",
-    "theta2=theta3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHG=PH/sin(theta3)\n",
-    "print \"FHG=\",round(FHG),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FHF=FHG*cos(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FHF=\",round(FHF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at G\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=PH*FH/(AB+BD+DF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RG=RA+PF+PH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=RA/sin(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FAC*cos(theta1)\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=0\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC) \n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=FBA\n",
-    "print \"FBD=FBA\",round(FBD),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Joint C: Sum of Forces normal to AC = 0, gives FCD =0 since FBC = 0 ,sum of Forces parallel to CE =0 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCA=FAC\n",
-    "FCE=FCA\n",
-    "print \"FCE=FCA\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=0\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDB=FBD\n",
-    "FDF=FDB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDF=FDB\",round(FDF),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint E: sum of Forces normal to CG = 0, gives FEF = 0 and sum of Forces in the direction of  CG = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEF=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEF=\",FEF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FEG=FCE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FEG=FCE=\", round(FEG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint F:\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=PF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.7 page number 80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FGF= 23.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FGE= 11.547 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFG= 23.094 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFD= 13.094 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 36.7543 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAC= 8.3771 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 9.4338 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FBD= 13.6603 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FCD= 9.4338 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FCE= 1.0566 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FDE= 44.0748 KN (Comp.)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Since all members are 3 m long, all triangles are equilateral and hence all inclined members are at 60° to horizontal. Joint-by-joint analysis is carried out . Then nature of the force is determined. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=3.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=AB\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DE=CE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=DF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180 #angles BAC,BCA,DCE,DEC,FEG,FGE,°\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=40.0    #Vertical Loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0    #Vertical Loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "HF=10.0    #Horizontal Loading at point F,KN\n",
-    "PG=20.0    #Vertical Loading at point G,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint G\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGF=PG/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGF=\",round(FGF,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGE=FGF*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FGE=\",round(FGE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFG=FGF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FFG=\",round(FFG,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFE=FGF\n",
-    "FFD=FGF*cos(theta)+FFE*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "print \"FFD=\",round(FFD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, without finding reaction we cannot proceed. Hence, consider equilibrium of the entire truss\n",
-    "#moment about point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RE=((PB*AC/2)-(HF*EF*sin(theta))+(PD*(AC+CE/2))+(PG*(AC+CE+EG)))/(AC+CE)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VA=PB+PD+PG-RE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "HA=HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint A\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=VA/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAC=FAB*cos(theta)-HF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAC=\",round(FAC,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint B\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(PB-FAB*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBA=FAB\n",
-    "FBD=-FBC*cos(theta)+FBA*cos(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FBD=\",round(FBD,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint C\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCD=FBC*sin(theta)/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCD=\",round(FCD,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FCE=FCD*cos(theta)+FBC*cos(theta)-FAC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FCE=\",round(FCE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#joint D\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FDE=(PD+FCD*sin(theta))/sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FDE=\",round(FDE,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.8 page number82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FFH= 69.282 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGH= 5.7735 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FGI= 72.1688 KN (Tensile)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 10 kN and all triangles are equilateral with sides 4 m.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PB=10.0\n",
-    "PD=PB\n",
-    "PF=PD\n",
-    "AB=4.0\n",
-    "BC=AB\n",
-    "AC=BC\n",
-    "BD=BC\n",
-    "CD=BC\n",
-    "DE=CD\n",
-    "CE=CD\n",
-    "DF=DE\n",
-    "EF=DE\n",
-    "EG=DE\n",
-    "FG=EF\n",
-    "#Take section (A)–(A), which cuts the members FH, GH and GI and separates the truss into two parts. \n",
-    "AG=AC+CE+EG\n",
-    "BG=CE+EG+AC/2\n",
-    "DG=EG+CE/2\n",
-    "FG1=EG/2\n",
-    "RA=PB*7/2\n",
-    "RO=RA\n",
-    "theta=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "#moment at point G\n",
-    "FFH=(RA*AG-PB*BG-PD*DG-PF*FG1)/(FG*sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FFH=\",round(FFH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGH=(RA-PB-PD-PF)/(sin(theta))\n",
-    "print \"FGH=\",round(FGH,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FGI=FFH+FGH*cos(theta)\n",
-    "print \"FGI=\",round(FGI,4),\"KN\",\"(Tensile)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.9 page number 83"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FL3L4= 412.5 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FU4U3= 456.2 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FU4L3= 62.5 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import asin,acos,sin,cos,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#To determine reactions, consider equilibrium equations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "  #all Vertical loading are in KN\n",
-    "PL1=200.0               \n",
-    "PL2=200.0\n",
-    "PL3=150.0\n",
-    "PL4=100.0\n",
-    "PL5=100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#length in m\n",
-    "UL1=6.0\n",
-    "UL2=8.0\n",
-    "UL3=9.0\n",
-    "UL4=UL2\n",
-    "UL5=UL1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=6.0\n",
-    "L2=6.0\n",
-    "L3=6.0\n",
-    "L4=6.0\n",
-    "L5=6.0\n",
-    "L6=6.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point LO\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R2=(PL1*L1+PL2*(L1+L2)+PL3*(L1+L2+L3)+PL4*(L1+L2+L3+L4)+PL5*(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5))/(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R1=PL1+PL2+PL3+PL4+PL5-R2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Take the section (1)–(1) and consider the right hand side part.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "U3U4=sqrt(pow(1,2)+pow(UL1,2))\n",
-    "theta1=asin(1/U3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L3U4=sqrt(pow(UL1,2)+pow(UL2,2))\n",
-    "theta2=asin(6/L3U4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at U4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FL3L4=(R2*(L5+L6)-PL4*L4)/UL4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FL3L4=\", round(FL3L4,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at L3\n",
-    "FU4U3=(-PL4*L4-PL5*(L4+L5)+R2*(L4+L5+L6))/(cos(theta1)*UL3)\n",
-    "print \"FU4U3=\", round(FU4U3,1),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of horizontal forces \n",
-    "FL4L3=FL3L4\n",
-    "FU4L3=(-FL4L3+FU4U3*cos(theta1))/sin(theta2)\n",
-    "print \"FU4L3=\", round(FU4L3,1),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.10 page number84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "theta= 60.0 °\n",
-      "F2= 51.9615 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "F1= 110.0 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "F3= 69.282 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,tan,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Each load is 20 kN.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=20.0\n",
-    "AB=18.0\n",
-    "A=3.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RA=P*7/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta1=30.0*pi/180\n",
-    "a=(3*A)/(4*cos(theta1))\n",
-    "#Take Section (A)–(A) and consider the equilibrium of left hand side part of the French Truss\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CE on AB. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "CE=3*A*tan(theta1)\n",
-    "DE=A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=atan(CE/DE)*180/pi\n",
-    "print \"theta=\",round(theta),\"°\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#moment at point A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F2=(P*a*cos(theta1)*6)/(A*2*sin(theta*pi/180))\n",
-    "print \"F2=\",round(F2,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of all vertical forces & sum of all horizotal forces is zero\n",
-    "F1=(F2*sin(theta*pi/180)+RA-P*3)/(sin(theta1))\n",
-    "print \"F1=\",round(F1,4),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F3=F1*cos(theta1)-F2*cos(theta*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"F3=\",round(F3,4),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 3.11 page number 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "FAE= 30.0 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FBC= 71.4 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FFC= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n",
-      "FAB= 92.62 KN (Comp.)\n",
-      "FAF= 40.98 KN (Tension)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,cos,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PA=15.0       #vertical loading at point A,KN\n",
-    "PB=30.0       #vertical loading at point B,KN\n",
-    "PC=30.0       #vertical loading at point C,KN\n",
-    "PD=30.0       #vertical loading at point D,KN\n",
-    "PE=15.0       #vertical loading at point E,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, the reactions are equal\n",
-    "RA=(PA+PB+PC+PD+PE)/2\n",
-    "RB=RA\n",
-    "#Drop perpendicular CH on AF. \n",
-    "#in traingle ACH\n",
-    "\n",
-    "angleACH=45.0*pi/180    #angleACH,°\n",
-    "angleFCV=30.0*pi/180    # FC is inclined at 30° to vertical i.e., 60° to horizontal and CH = 5 m \n",
-    "CH=5.0\n",
-    "angleFCH=60.0*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#It is not possible to find a joint where there are only two unknowns. Hence, consider section (1)–(1). \n",
-    "#For left hand side part of the frame\n",
-    "#moment at C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAE=(RA*CH-PA*CH-PB*CH/2)/(CH)\n",
-    "print \"FAE=\",round(FAE),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assuming the directions for FFC and FBC \n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBC=(RA*sin(angleFCH)-PA)/(sqrt(2)*sin(angleFCH)-(1/sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "print \"FBC=\",round(FBC,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FFC=FBC*sqrt(2)-RA\n",
-    "print \"FFC=\",round(FFC,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Assumed directions of FBC and FFC are correct. Therefore, FBC is in compression and FFC is in tension. Now we can proceed with method of joints to find the forces in other members. Since it is a symmetric truss, analysis of half the truss is sufficient. Other values may be written down by making use of symmetrry.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Joint B: sum of forces normal to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FBF=PC*cos(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#sum of forces parallel to AC = 0, gives \n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAB=FBC+PC*sin(angleACH)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAB=\",round(FAB,2),\"KN\",\"(Comp.)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#JOINT A\n",
-    "#sum of vertical & sum of horizontal forces is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FAF=(FAB*sin(angleACH)+PA-RA)/sin(angleFCV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FAF=\",round(FAF,2),\"KN\",\"(Tension)\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4.ipynb
index 05ec9b90..d78e1aa8 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@
    "source": [
     "#variable declaration\n",
     "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0         #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
+    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
     "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
     "\n",
     "X1=75\n",
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@
    "source": [
     "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
     "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
+    "\n",
     "#variable declaration\n",
     "\n",
     "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -694,7 +694,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -832,7 +832,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
+   "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
+   "execution_count": 16,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -909,7 +909,6 @@
    "source": [
     "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
     "\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
     " \n",
     "#variable declaration\n",
     "\n",
@@ -964,7 +963,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
+   "execution_count": 17,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1032,7 +1031,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
+   "execution_count": 18,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1071,7 +1070,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1121,7 +1120,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
+   "execution_count": 20,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1172,7 +1171,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
+   "execution_count": 21,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1222,7 +1221,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
+   "execution_count": 22,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1257,7 +1256,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
+   "execution_count": 23,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1323,7 +1322,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
+   "execution_count": 24,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1381,11 +1380,10 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [conda root]",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "conda-root-py"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -1397,7 +1395,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.13"
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_4P7HQZZ.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_4P7HQZZ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_4P7HQZZ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_8GR2j3i.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_8GR2j3i.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_8GR2j3i.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_JAwYggT.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_JAwYggT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_JAwYggT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_KE5ki12.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_KE5ki12.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_KE5ki12.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_LmrwpIC.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_LmrwpIC.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_LmrwpIC.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_N9DqFsm.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_N9DqFsm.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_N9DqFsm.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_P9rwEqr.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_P9rwEqr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_P9rwEqr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_R0XPX4L.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_R0XPX4L.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_R0XPX4L.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_S0t8OJu.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_S0t8OJu.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_S0t8OJu.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_ZuWrQKN.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_ZuWrQKN.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_ZuWrQKN.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_lSvpbll.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_lSvpbll.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_lSvpbll.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_m3lhY5f.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_m3lhY5f.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_m3lhY5f.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_uFVYXqM.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_uFVYXqM.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_uFVYXqM.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_wUtoaip.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_wUtoaip.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d78e1aa8..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_wUtoaip.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1403 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter4-DISTRIBUTED FORCES, CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND MOMENT  OF INERTIA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.1 page number 102\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 407.44 mm\n",
-      "yc= 101.65 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=600.0      #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=200.0      #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0      #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=300.0\n",
-    "X2=600.0\n",
-    "X3=600.0-150*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=100\n",
-    "Y3=200+150*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.2 page number 103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 451.2 mm\n",
-      "yc= 54.07 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import  cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure is divided into three simple figures and taking A as origin coordinates of their centroids \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=400.0        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=150.0*pi     #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=250.0        #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=30*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=200.0\n",
-    "X2=475.0\n",
-    "X3=400+300.0+250*cos(theta)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=2*150/pi\n",
-    "Y3=125*sin(theta)\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.3 page number 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.19 mm\n",
-      "yc= 198.5 mm\n",
-      "zc= 56.17 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from  math import cos,sin,pi\n",
-    "# The length and the centroid of portions AB, BC and CD \n",
-    "# portion AB is in x-z plane, BC in y-z plane and CD in x-y plane. AB and BC are semi circular in shape\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=100.0*pi        #length of wire AB,mm\n",
-    "L2=140.0*pi        #length of wire BC,mm\n",
-    "L3=300.0           #length of wire CD,mm\n",
-    "theta=45*pi/180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The wire is divided into three segments AB, BC and CD. Taking A as origin the coordinates of the centroids of AB, BC and CD are (X1,Y1),(X2,Y2),(X3,Y3)\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=300*sin(theta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0\n",
-    "Y2=140\n",
-    "Y3=280+300*cos(theta)\n",
-    "Z1=2*100/pi\n",
-    "Z2=2*140/pi\n",
-    "Z3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=L1+L2+L3     #Total length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(L1*X1+L2*X2+L3*X3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(L1*Y1+L2*Y2+L3*Y3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(L1*Z1+L2*Z2+L3*Z3)/L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zc=\",round(zc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.4 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 0.0\n",
-      "yc= 40.0 mm\n",
-      "Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=20.0*100.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=10\n",
-    "Y2=70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"Hence, centroid of T-section is on the symmetric axis at a distance 40 mm from the top\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.5 page number 111"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 36.62\n",
-      "yc= 61.62 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*12.0        #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(200.0-12.0)*12.0        #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=75\n",
-    "X2=6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6\n",
-    "Y2=12+(200-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is at x = 36.62 mm and y = 61.62 mm \"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.6 page number 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 59.71 mm\n",
-      "Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*20              #Area of 1 ,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*20.0            #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*30.0            #Area of 3,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Selecting the coordinate system, due to symmetry centroid must lie on y axis,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=30+100+20/2\n",
-    "Y2=30+100/2\n",
-    "Y3=30/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus, the centroid is on the symmetric axis at a distance 59.71 mm from the bottom\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.7 page number 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 3.523 m\n",
-      "yc= 2.777 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Note that it is convenient to take axis in such a way that the centroids of all simple figures are having positive coordinates. If coordinate of any simple figure comes out to be negative, one should be careful in assigning the sign of moment of area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=2.0*6.0*1.0/2.0              #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=2.0*7.5                      #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=3.0*5.0*1.0/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "A4=1.0*4.0                      #Area of 4,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The composite figure can be conveniently divided into two triangles and two rectangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*2.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=2.0+1.0\n",
-    "X3=2.0+2.0+(1.0*3.0/3.0)\n",
-    "X4=4.0+4.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=7.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y3=1.0+5.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y4=1/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.8 page number 114\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 2.995 m\n",
-      "yc= 1.89 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# The composite section is divided into three simple figures, a triangle, a rectangle and a semicircle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=1.0*3.0*4.0/2.0                  #Area of 1,m^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0                          #Area of 2,m^2\n",
-    "A3=1.0*pi*pow(2,2)/2                #Area of 3,m^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The coordinates of centroids of these three simple figures are:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=6.0+3.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=3.0\n",
-    "X3=-(4*2)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=4.0/3.0\n",
-    "Y2=2.0\n",
-    "Y3=2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,4),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.9 page number 115"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 145.42 m\n",
-      "yc= 90.39 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The composite area is equal to a rectangle of size 160 × 280 mm plus a triangle of size 280 mm base width and 40 mm height and minus areas of six holes. In this case also the can be used for locating centroid by treating area of holes as negative. The area of simple figures and their centroids are\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ar=160.0*280.0                  #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "At=280.0*40.0/2.0                          #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "d=21.5                              #diameter of hole,mm  \n",
-    "Ah=-pi*pow(d,2)/4                   #Area of hole,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ar+At+Ah*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Xr=140.0\n",
-    "Xt=560/3.0\n",
-    "Xh1=70.0\n",
-    "Xh2=140.0\n",
-    "Xh3=210.0\n",
-    "Xh4=70.0\n",
-    "Xh5=140.0\n",
-    "Xh6=210.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Yr=80.0\n",
-    "Yt=160.0+40.0/3.0\n",
-    "Yh1=50.0\n",
-    "Yh2=50.0\n",
-    "Yh3=50.0\n",
-    "Yh4=120.0\n",
-    "Yh5=130.0\n",
-    "Yh6=140.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ar*Xr+At*Xt+Ah*(Xh1+Xh2+Xh3+Xh4+Xh5+Xh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ar*Yr+At*Yt+Ah*(Yh1+Yh2+Yh3+Yh4+Yh5+Yh6))/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.10 page number 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 90.48 mm\n",
-      "yc= 67.86 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# If xc and yc are the coordinates of the centre of the circle, centroid also must have the coordinates xc and yc as per the condition laid down in the problem. The shaded area may be considered as a rectangle of size 200 mm × 150 mm minus a triangle of sides 100 mm × 75 mm and a circle of diameter 100 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ap=200.0*150.0                              #Area of plate,mm^2\n",
-    "At=100.0*75.0/2.0                           #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "Ah=pi*pow(100,2)/4.0                        #Area of hole ,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=200.0-100.0/3.0\n",
-    "#X3=Xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=75.0\n",
-    "Y2=150.0-25.0\n",
-    "#Y3=Yc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=Ap-At-Ah\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(Ap*X1-At*X2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(Ap*Y1-At*Y2)/(Ah+A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.11 page number 118"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xc= 326.4 m\n",
-      "yc= 219.12 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "X=40.0\n",
-    "A1=14.0*12.0*pow(X,2)                           #Area of rectangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=6.0*4.0*pow(X,2)/2.0                         #Area of triangle,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=-4*4*pow(X,2)                                #Area of removed subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A4=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/2.0                           #Area of semicircle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=-pi*pow(4*X,2)/4.0                           #Area of quarter of circle to be subtracted,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=7.0*X\n",
-    "X2=14*X+2*X\n",
-    "X3=2*X\n",
-    "X4=6.0*X\n",
-    "X5=14.0*X-(16*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=6.0*X\n",
-    "Y2=4.0*X/3.0\n",
-    "Y3=8.0*X+2.0*X\n",
-    "Y4=(16.0*X)/(3*pi)\n",
-    "Y5=12*X-4*(4*X/(3*pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",round(xc,2),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",round(yc,2),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.12 page number 130"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 6372441.9 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 2824166.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 46.88 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 31.21 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=150.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the symmetric axis y-y. The distance of the centroid from the top most fibre is given by:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=10.0+70.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Referring to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (0.0, yc-5) and that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 80-yc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about x-x axis Ixx = moment of inertia of A1 about x-x axis + moment of inertia of A2 about x-x axis.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(150*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+(10*pow(140,3)/12)+(A2*pow((80-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(10*pow(150,3)/12)+(140*pow(10,3)/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Hence, the moment of inertia of the section about an axis passing through the centroid and parallel to the top most fibre is Ixxmm^4 and moment of inertia of the section about the axis of symmetry is Iyy mm^4. \n",
-    "#The radius of gyration is given by\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print\"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print\"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.13 page number 131"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 3411298.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 1208657.7 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 4619956.4 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=125.0*10.0                         #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=75.0*10.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A=A1+A2                               #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#First, the centroid of the given section is to be located. Two reference axis (1)–(1) and (2)–(2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of centroid from the axis (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=5.0\n",
-    "X2=10.0+75.0/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Similarly, the distance of the centroid from the axis (2)–(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=125.0/2\n",
-    "Y2=5.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of A1 is g1 (xc-5, (85/2)-xc) and that of A2 is g2 ((135/2)-yc, yc-5). \n",
-    "Ixx=(10*pow(125,3)/12)+(A1*pow(21.56,2))+(75.0*pow(10.0,3.0)/12)+(A2*pow((39.94),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(125*pow(10,3)/12)+(A1*pow(15.94,2))+(10*pow(75,3)/12)+(A2*pow(26.56,2))                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# eample 4.14 page number 132"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 59269202.1 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 12005814.8 mm^4\n",
-      "Izz= 71275016.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#The given composite section can be divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(250.0-9*2)*6.7                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*9.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is symmetrical about both x-x and y-y axis. \n",
-    "X1=0\n",
-    "X2=0\n",
-    "X3=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=245.5\n",
-    "Y2=125.0\n",
-    "Y3=4.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Therefore, its centroid will coincide with the centroid of rectangle A2. With respect to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0, 120.5), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 0.0) and that of A3 is g3 (0.0, 120.5).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(200.0*pow(9,3)/12)+(A1*pow(yc-4.5,2))+(6.7*pow(232,3.0)/12)+0+(200*pow(9,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-4.5),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(9*pow(200,3)/12)+(232*pow(6.7,3)/12)+(9*pow(200,3)/12)                   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Izz=Polar moment of inertia\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Izz=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#misprint in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Izz=\",round(Izz,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.15 page number 133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 135903229.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 5276363.1 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(400.0-27.0)*8.1                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=100.0*13.5                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given section is symmetric about horizontal axis passing through the centroid g2 of the rectangle A2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=50.0\n",
-    "X2=8.1/2.0\n",
-    "X3=50.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=386.5+13.5/2.0\n",
-    "Y2=200.0\n",
-    "Y3=13.5/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))+(8.1*pow(373,3.0)/12.0)+0+(100*pow(13.5,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((200-(13.5/2)),2))\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(13.5*pow(100.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((50-xc),2))+(373.0*pow(8.1,3.0)/12.0)+A2*pow(21.68,2)+(13.5*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((50-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.16 page number 134\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polar moment of Inertia= 32109472.0 mm^4\n",
-      "kxx= 90.3 mm\n",
-      "kyy= 23.09 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The section is divided into three rectangles A1, A2 and A3\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=80.0*12.0                                 #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=(150.0-22.0)*12.0                         #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=120.0*10.0                                #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3                                   #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on axis y-y. The bottom fibre (1)–(1) is chosen as reference axis to locate the centroid\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=150-6\n",
-    "Y2=(128/2) +10\n",
-    "Y3=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=60.0\n",
-    "X2=60.0\n",
-    "X3=60.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangles A1 is g1 (0.0, 150-6-yc), that of A2 is g2 (0.0, 75-yc) and that of A3 is g3  (0.0, yc-5 ).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(12*(pow(80,3))/12)+(128*(pow(12,3))/12)+(10*(pow(120,3))/12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(12.0,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((150-6-yc),2))+(12*pow(128,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((75-yc),2))+(120*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((150-10-6-yc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PolarmomentofInertia=Ixx+Iyy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Polar moment of Inertia=\",round(PolarmomentofInertia),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kxx=sqrt(Ixx/A)\n",
-    "print \"kxx=\",round(kxx,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kyy=sqrt(Iyy/A)\n",
-    "print \"kyy=\",round(kyy,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.17 page number 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 31543827.2 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 19745121.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The given composite section may be divided into simple rectangles and triangle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=100.0*30.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=100.0*25.0                               #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=200.0*20.0                               #Area of 3,mm^2 \n",
-    "A4=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 4,mm^2\n",
-    "A5=87.5*20.0/2.0                            #Area of 5,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5                            #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Due to symmetry, centroid lies on the axis y-y. A reference axis (1)–(1) is choosen as shown in the figure. The distance of the centroidal axis from (1)–(1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=100.0\n",
-    "X2=100.0\n",
-    "X3=100.0\n",
-    "X4=2.0*87.5/3.0\n",
-    "X5=200-X4\n",
-    "xc=(A1*X1+A2*X2+A3*X3+A4*X4+A5*X5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=135.0\n",
-    "Y2=70.0\n",
-    "Y3=10.0\n",
-    "Y4=(20.0/3.0)+20.0\n",
-    "Y5=Y4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A2*Y2+A3*Y3+A4*Y4+A5*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#With reference to the centroidal axis x-x and y-y, the centroid of the rectangle A1 is g1 (0.0,135.0-yc), that of A2 is g2(0.0,70.00-yc), that of A3 is g3 (0.0, yc-10.0), the centroid of triangle A4 is g4 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0) ) and that of A5 is g5 (41.66,yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(100.0*pow(30,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((135.0-yc),2))+(25.0*pow(100,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((70.0-yc),2))+(200*pow(20,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-10.0),2))+((87.5*pow(20,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((yc-20.0-(20.0/3.0)),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(30.0*pow(100,3)/12.0)+(100.0*pow(25,3.0)/12.0)+(20*pow(200,3)/12.0)+((20.0*pow(87.5,3)/36.0)+(A4*pow((41.66),2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Iyy=\",round(Iyy,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.18 page number137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 806093331.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#In this problem, it is required to find out the moment of inertia of the section about an axis AB. So there is no need to find out the position of the centroid. \n",
-    "#The given section is split up into simple rectangles\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia about AB = Sum of moments of inertia of the rectangle about AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=400*20.0\n",
-    "A2=100*10\n",
-    "A3=10*380.0\n",
-    "A4=100*10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IAB=(400.0*pow(20,3)/12)+(A1*pow(10,2))+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A2*pow(25,2)))*2+((10*pow(380,3)/12)+(A3*pow(220,2)))*2+((100*pow(10,3)/12)+(A4*pow(415,2)))*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.19 page number 137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 50399393.9 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# The built-up section is divided into six simple rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=250.0*10.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=40.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=A1*2+A2*4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=5.0\n",
-    "Y2=30.0\n",
-    "Y3=15.0\n",
-    "Y4=255.0\n",
-    "Y5=135.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A2*Y3+A2*Y4+A1*Y5)/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(250.0*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-5),2))+((10.0*pow(40,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-30.0),2)))*2+(40*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-15.0),2))+(10.0*pow(250.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-135.0),2))+(40.0*pow(10.0,3)/12)+(A2*pow((yc-255),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.20 page number 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "145.394736842\n",
-      "Ixx= 752680131.6 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Each angle is divided into two rectangles \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=600.0*15.0                               #Area of 1,mm^2\n",
-    "A2=140.0*10.0                                #Area of 2,mm^2\n",
-    "A3=150.0*10.0\n",
-    "A4=400.0*20.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A2*2+A3*2+A4                                 #Total area,mm^2 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The distance of the centroidal axis from the bottom fibres of section \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=320.0\n",
-    "Y2=100.0\n",
-    "Y3=25.0\n",
-    "Y4=10.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+2*A2*Y2+A3*Y3*2+A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print yc\n",
-    "#Now, Moment of inertia about the centroidalaxis=Sum of the moment of inertia of the individual rectangles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(15.0*pow(600,3)/12.0)+(A1*pow((yc-320),2))+((10.0*pow(140,3.0)/12.0)+(A2*pow((yc-100.0),2)))*2+((150*pow(10,3)/12.0)+(A3*pow((yc-15.0),2)))*2+(400.0*pow(20.0,3.0)/12.0)+(A4*pow((yc-10.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx,1),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.21 page number 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ixx= 36000000.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from math import asin,sin,cos,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rectangle is divided into four triangles\n",
-    "#The lines AE and FC are parallel to x-axis\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta=asin(4.0/5.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=100.0\n",
-    "BK=AB*sin((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "ND=BK\n",
-    "FD=60.0/sin(theta)\n",
-    "AF=150.0-FD\n",
-    "FL=ME=75.0*sin(theta)\n",
-    "AE=AB/cos((90*pi/180)-theta)\n",
-    "FC=AE\n",
-    "A=125.0*60.0/2.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*4.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*2.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))+(125*pow(60,3)/36)+(A*pow((ND*1.0/3.0),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.22, page number 140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "IAB= 4292979.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into a triangle PQR, a semicircle PSQ having base on axis AB and a circle having its centre on axis AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Now,Moment of inertia of the section about axis AB\n",
-    "IAB=(80*pow(80,3)/12)+(pi*pow(80,4)/128)-(pi*pow(40,4)/64)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"IAB=\",round(IAB),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example4.23 page number141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "106.435694487 28.4724404943\n",
-      "Ixx= 686943.0 mm^4\n",
-      "Iyy= 17146488.0 mm^4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The section is divided into three simple figures viz., a triangle ABC, a rectangle ACDE and a semicircle. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20.0                    #radius of semicircle\n",
-    "A1=80.0*20.0/2         #Area of triangle ABC \n",
-    "A3=40.0*80.0           #Area of rectangle ACDE  \n",
-    "A4=pi*pow(r,2)/2       #Area of semicircle\n",
-    "At1=30.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "At2=50.0*20.0/2.0\n",
-    "A=A1+A3-A4             #Total area\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=2.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X2=50.0*30.0/3.0\n",
-    "X3=40.0\n",
-    "X4=40.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=(At1*X1+At2*X2+A3*X3-A4*X4)/A\n",
-    "#mistake in book\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=(20.0/3.0)+40.0\n",
-    "Y3=20.0\n",
-    "Y4=(4.0*20.0)/(3.0*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(A1*Y1+A3*Y3-A4*Y4)/A\n",
-    "print xc,yc\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "#Moment of inertia of the section about axis x-x=Sum of the momentsof inertia of individual triangular areasabout axis\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ixx=(80.0*pow(20.0,3)/36) +A1*pow((60.0-(2*20.0/3.0)-yc),2)+(80*pow(40,3)/12)+(A3*pow((yc-20.0),2))-((0.0068598*pow(20,4))+(A4*pow((yc-Y4),2)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ixx=\",round(Ixx),\"mm^4\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Iyy=(20.0*pow(30.0,3)/36) +At1*pow((xc-(2*30.0/3.0)),2)+(20*pow(50,3)/36)+(At2*pow((xc-(30.0+(50/3))),2))+((40*pow(80,3)/12)+(A3*pow((xc-40),2)))-((pi*pow(40,4))/(2*64))-(A4*pow((40-xc),2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Iyy=\",round(Iyy),\"mm^4\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 4.27 page number 150"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "25000.0 5625.0 235.619449019 7889.38055098\n",
-      "xc= 0.411 m\n",
-      "yc= 0.329 m\n",
-      "zc= 0.221 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#A concrete block of size 0.60 m × 0.75 m × 0.5 m is cast with a hole of diameter 0.2 m and depth 0.3 m\n",
-    "#The hole is completely filled with steel balls weighing 2500 N. Locate the centre of gravity of the body.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=25000.0                    # weight of concrete=25000, N/m^3\n",
-    "W1=0.6*0.75*0.5*W           #Weight of solid concrete block\n",
-    "W2=pi*pow(0.2,2)*0.3*W/4  #Weight of concrete (W2) removed for making hole:\n",
-    "W3=2500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Taking origin as shown in the figure, the centre of gravity of solid block is (0.375, 0.3, 0.25) and that of hollow portion is (0.5, 0.4, 0.15)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "X1=0.375\n",
-    "X2=0.5\n",
-    "X3=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y1=0.3\n",
-    "Y2=0.4\n",
-    "Y3=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Z1=0.25\n",
-    "Z2=0.15\n",
-    "Z3=0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wt=W3+W1-W2\n",
-    "print W,W1,W2,Wt\n",
-    "xc=(W1*X1-W2*X2+W3*X3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=(W1*Y1-W2*Y2+W3*Y3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=(W1*Z1-W2*Z2+W3*Z3)/Wt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"xc=\",round(xc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"yc=\",round(yc,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print\"zc=\",round(zc,3),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_23aeJMe.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_23aeJMe.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_23aeJMe.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_24XsJCT.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_24XsJCT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_24XsJCT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_4a14Khd.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_4a14Khd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_4a14Khd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_8mD0UuG.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_8mD0UuG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_8mD0UuG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_An3Ftbq.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_An3Ftbq.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_An3Ftbq.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_LKhM1Au.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_LKhM1Au.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_LKhM1Au.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_ZKnRxp7.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_ZKnRxp7.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_ZKnRxp7.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_eftppGy.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_eftppGy.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_eftppGy.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_enki9Zb.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_enki9Zb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_enki9Zb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_jOQv5Ua.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_jOQv5Ua.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_jOQv5Ua.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_m75AW4e.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_m75AW4e.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_m75AW4e.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_mZ9916M.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_mZ9916M.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_mZ9916M.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_nV0EOp8.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_nV0EOp8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_nV0EOp8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_woQKdAT.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_woQKdAT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 87ac24ec..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_woQKdAT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter5-FRICTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 1250.0 N\n",
-      "P= 1210.36288071 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0 #weight of block a\n",
-    "Wb=2000.0  #weight of block b\n",
-    "uab=1.0/4.0   #coefficient of friction between A and B\n",
-    "ubg=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and B\n",
-    "#When P is horizontal\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "N2=N1+ Wb         #Normal Reaction on block B from Ground\n",
-    "F2=ubg*N2     #limiting Friction between A and ground\n",
-    "P=F1+F2\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#When P is inclined at angle o\n",
-    "o=30.0*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block A\n",
-    "N1=Wa         #Normal Reaction on block A from block B\n",
-    "F1=uab*N1     #limiting Friction between A and B\n",
-    "T=F1         #tension\n",
-    "#considering  equilibrium of block B\n",
-    "#from\n",
-    "#N2+Psin30=N1+Wb\n",
-    "#Pcos30=F1+F2\n",
-    "#F1=ubg*N2\n",
-    "N2=(N1+Wb-F1*math.tan(o))/(1+ubg*math.tan(o))\n",
-    "P=(N1+Wb-N2)/math.sin(o)\n",
-    "print \"P=\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "29.0693410161 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wa=300.0 #weight of upper block \n",
-    "Wb=900.0  #weight of lower block \n",
-    "u1=1.0/3.0   #coefficient of friction between upper block and lower block\n",
-    "u2=1.0/3.0    #coefficient of friction between ground and  lower block\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso          Normal Reaction\n",
-    "#F1=u1*N1           Friction\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso+N1\n",
-    "#F2=u2*N2\n",
-    "o=math.atan((u1*Wa+u2*Wb+u2*Wa)/Wb)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print o,\"°\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  30.0152164356\n",
-      "coefficient of friction is 0.1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W=500.0    #weight of block\n",
-    "F1=200.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is moving down\n",
-    "F2=300.0     #force up the inclined plane when block is at rest\n",
-    "#When block starts moving down the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Fr+F1=Wsino\n",
-    "#sino-ucoso=F1/w    1\n",
-    "#When block starts moving up the plane\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicular to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#N =Wcoso\n",
-    "#sum of all forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "#Wsino+Wucoso=F2\n",
-    "#using these equations\n",
-    "o=math.asin((F1*0.5/W)+(F2*0.5/W))   #angle of inclination\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",(o*180/3.14)\n",
-    "#using 1\n",
-    "u=math.sin(o)-F1/W\n",
-    "print \"coefficient of friction is\",round(u,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of Inclination 21.8124674778\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "uag=0.5   #coefficient of friction between block A and the plane\n",
-    "ubg=0.2   #coefficient of friction between block B and the plane\n",
-    "Wb=500.0  #weight of block B\n",
-    "Wa=1000.0  #weight of block A\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N1=Wacoso ,Fr=uagN1\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=uagWacoso-Wasino\n",
-    "#Considering equilibrium of block A,\n",
-    "#sum of all forces along the plane is 0\n",
-    "#N2=Wbcoso ,Fr=uagN2\n",
-    "#sum of all forces perpendicaular to  the plane is 0\n",
-    "#T=Wbsino-ubgwbsino\n",
-    "o=math.atan((uag*Wa+ubg*Wb)/(Wa+Wb))*180.0/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of Inclination\",o;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "853.305553493 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Wl=750.0  #weight of lower block\n",
-    "Wu=500.0  #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0   #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o2=30.0 *3.14/180.0 # anlge at which pull is applied\n",
-    "u=0.2     #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#for 750 N block\n",
-    "#Σ Forces normal to the plane = 0 \n",
-    "N1=Wl*math.cos(o1)\n",
-    "F1=u*N1\n",
-    "#Σ Forces parallel to the plane = 0\n",
-    "T=F1+Wl*math.sin(o1)\n",
-    "#Σ Forces horizontal to the plane = 0\n",
-    "P=(T+u*Wu)/(math.cos(o2)+u*math.sin(o2))\n",
-    "print P,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Least Weight is 266.34090474 N\n",
-      "Greatest Weight is 969.473014916 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o1=60.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane AC\n",
-    "o2=30.0*3.14/180.0    #angle of inclination of plane BC\n",
-    "Wbc=1000.0  #weight of block on plane BC\n",
-    "ubc=0.28    #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane BC \n",
-    "uac=0.20   #coefficient of friction between the load and the plane AC\n",
-    "#for least weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)-F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Least Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n",
-    "#for greatest weight \n",
-    "N1=Wbc*math.cos(o2)                            #Normal Reaction\n",
-    "F1=ubc*N1                                       #frictional Force\n",
-    "T=Wbc*math.sin(o2)+F1                          #Tension\n",
-    "#for block on plane AC\n",
-    "#N2=Wcoso1\n",
-    "#F2=uac*N2\n",
-    "#T=F2+W sino2\n",
-    "W=T/(-1*uac*math.cos(o1)+math.sin(o1))\n",
-    "print \"Greatest Weight is\",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight  10498.172578 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.4     #The coefficient of friction on the horizontal plane\n",
-    "oi=30     #angle of inclined plane\n",
-    "o=20.0  #The limiting angle of  friction for block B on the inclined plane\n",
-    "wb=5000.0   #weight of block b\n",
-    "ub=math.tan(o*3.14/180.0)            #coefficcient of friction on plane\n",
-    "#for block B\n",
-    "#N1 N2 N3 are normal reaction\n",
-    "#F1 F2  are frictional forces\n",
-    "#F1=ub*N1   \n",
-    "#N1 sinoi + F1 cos oi=wb\n",
-    "N1=wb/(math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)+ub*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0))\n",
-    "F1=ub*N1\n",
-    "C=N1*math.cos(oi*3.14/180.0)-F1*math.sin(oi*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#force balance on A in horizontal balance\n",
-    "F2=C\n",
-    "N2=F2/u\n",
-    "#force balance on A in vertical balance\n",
-    "W=N2\n",
-    "print \"Weight \",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force = 23812.7516422 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "w=20000.0    #weight of upper block\n",
-    "o=15.0      #The angle of friction for all surfaces of contact\n",
-    "u=math.tan(o)  #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "#R1 R2 are forces\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R1 makes with x axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "R2=w*math.sin((90-Or1)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1+Or2)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "#applyig lamis theorem on block B\n",
-    "Or1=15.0     #angle force R3 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "Or2=35.0       #angle force R2 makes with Y axis\n",
-    "P=R2*math.sin((180-Or1-Or2)*3.14/180.0)/math.sin((90+Or1)*3.14/180.0)\n",
-    "print \"Force =\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 66.26 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "w=160.0    #weight of block,KN\n",
-    "u=0.25             #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "phi=math.atan(u)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The free body diagrams of wedges A, B and block C .The problem being symmetric, the reactions R1 and R2 on wedges A and B are equal. The system of forces on block C andon wedge A are shown in the form convenient for applying Lami’s theorem\n",
-    "R1=w*math.sin(math.pi-(16*math.pi/180)-phi)/math.sin(2*(phi+math.pi*16/180))\n",
-    "#consider the equillibrium of the wedge A ,Ny lamis's theorem,we get\n",
-    "P=R1*math.sin(math.pi-phi-phi-(16*math.pi/180))/math.sin((math.pi/2)+phi)\n",
-    "print\"P=\",round(P,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force required is  62.0836173323 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=4.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.2    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.3    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wm=600.0     #weight of man\n",
-    "lm=3.0      #distance of man\n",
-    "o=3.14*60.0/180.0   #angle made by ladder with floor\n",
-    "#sum of all moment about A =0\n",
-    "Nb=(w*l/2*math.cos(o)+wm*lm*math.cos(o))/(l*(math.sin(o)+u1*math.cos(o)))     # normal reaction from wall\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb     #friction from wall\n",
-    "#force balance in vertical direction\n",
-    "Na=(w+wm-Fb)      # normal reaction from ground\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na      #friction from ground\n",
-    "P=Nb-Fa\n",
-    "print \"Force required is \",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle of inclination is  71.6013500101 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=6.0    #length of ladder\n",
-    "u1=0.4    #coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder\n",
-    "w=200.0   #weight of ladder\n",
-    "u2=0.25    #coefficient of friction between floor and the ladder\n",
-    "wl=900.0     #weight of load\n",
-    "ll=5.0      #distance of load\n",
-    "#force balancing\n",
-    "#Na Nb   normal reaction at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa Fb    friction  at A and B\n",
-    "#Fa=u2*Na              \n",
-    "#Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#Na+Fb=w+wl\n",
-    "#Fa=Nb\n",
-    "Nb=(wl+w)*u2/(1+u2*u1)\n",
-    "Na=Nb/u2\n",
-    "Fa=u2*Na\n",
-    "Fb=u1*Nb\n",
-    "#sum of all moments about a is =0\n",
-    "temp=((w*l*0.5)+(wl*ll)-(Fb*l))/(Nb*l)\n",
-    "o=math.atan(temp)*180/3.14\n",
-    "print \"Angle of inclination is \",o,\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "length will 0.5 times\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "o=45.0*3.14/180.0       #angle of inclination \n",
-    "u=0.5                        #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=1.5                    #ratio of mans weight to ladders weight\n",
-    "o1=45.0*math.pi/180.0           #angle of inclination\n",
-    "#from law of friction\n",
-    "#Fa = μNa\n",
-    "#Fb = μNb\n",
-    "#Fa – Nb = 0 \n",
-    "#Na + Fb = W + r W\n",
-    "#ΣMA = 0\n",
-    "o=(((u*u+u)*(1+r)/((1+u)))-1.0/2.0)/r\n",
-    "print \"length will\",o,\"times\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum weight is  6277.60420331\n",
-      "Minimum weight is  57.3467183245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1.25                 #number of turns\n",
-    "o=2*3.14*n              #angle of contact\n",
-    "u=0.3                 #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "t=600.0                #force at the other end of the rope\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of the weight be downward.\n",
-    "W=T2=t*2.71**(u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Maximum weight is \",W\n",
-    "#if the impending motion of weight be upwards\n",
-    "W=T1=t*2.71**(-1*u*o)\n",
-    "print \"Minimum weight is \",W"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Weight is  136.9599857 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "ur=0.20       #The coefficient of friction  between the rope and the fixed drum\n",
-    "uo=0.30        #The coefficient of friction  between other surfaces\n",
-    "cosa=4.0/5.0 #cos of angle of inclination\n",
-    "sina=3.0/5.0 #sin of angle of inclination\n",
-    "Ww=1000.0  #weight\n",
-    "o=3.14   #angle of contact of rope with pulley\n",
-    "#for unknown weight\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N1 = W cos α\n",
-    "#fr=uoN1\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T1 = F1 + W sin α\n",
-    "#for 1000 N body\n",
-    "#force balance perpendicular to the plane\n",
-    "#N2=N1+Wwcosa\n",
-    "#fr2=uoN2\n",
-    "#force balance along the plane\n",
-    "#T2= Wwsina -F1 -F2\n",
-    "#T2=T1*e^(ur*o)\n",
-    "W=(Ww*sina-uo*Ww*cosa)/(((uo*cosa+sina)*(2.71**(uo*o)))+(uo*cosa+uo*cosa))\n",
-    "print \"Weight is \",W,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force P applied at the end of the brake lever 274.480678202\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=0.3           #coefficient of friction\n",
-    "r=250           #radius of brake drum\n",
-    "l=300            #length of lever arm\n",
-    "M=300000.0      #torque\n",
-    "o=r*3.14/180.0\n",
-    "l2=50.0\n",
-    "#using \n",
-    "#T2 = T1e^(μθ)         T1 and T2 are tension\n",
-    "#(T2-T1)r=M\n",
-    "T1=M/(r*(2.71**(u*o)-1))\n",
-    "T2=(2.71**(u*o))*T1\n",
-    "#Consider the lever arm. Taking moment about the hinge\n",
-    "p=T2*l2/l                     #force P applied at the end of the brake lever\n",
-    "print \"force P applied at the end of the brake lever\",p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6972.02507534 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3252832.96438 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=O2=3.14+2*math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2+d2/2)*O1+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1+d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O1))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 5.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Length of belt is  6955.3382782 mm\n",
-      "Power Transmitted 3035637.41075 Watt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=500.0         #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "d2=100.0        #diameter of a shaft\n",
-    "D=3000.0                   #distance between shafts in mm\n",
-    "T=1000.0              #Maximum permissible tension in the belt\n",
-    "U=0.25           #coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley\n",
-    "R=220.0              #revlution per minute of larger shaft\n",
-    "O1=3.14+2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "O2=3.14-2*math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D))\n",
-    "#Length of belt = Arc length DC + Arc length FE + 2BG\n",
-    "L=(d1/2*O1+d2/2*O2)+2*D*math.cos(math.asin((d1-d2)/(2*D)))\n",
-    "print  \"Length of belt is \",L,\"mm\"\n",
-    "T1=T/(2.71**(U*O2))\n",
-    "Velocity_of_the_belt =d1/2*(R*2*3.14/60.0)\n",
-    "Power_transmitted=(T-T1)*Velocity_of_the_belt\n",
-    "print \"Power Transmitted\",Power_transmitted,\"Watt\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6.ipynb
index 85985309..55339520 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
+   "execution_count": 20,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -115,14 +115,16 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
    "source": [
     "# Example 6.3"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
+   "execution_count": 21,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -174,7 +176,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
+   "execution_count": 22,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -192,7 +194,6 @@
        "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
        "window.mpl = {};\n",
        "\n",
-       "\n",
        "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
        "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
        "        return WebSocket;\n",
@@ -251,9 +252,6 @@
        "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
        "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
        "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            if (mpl.ratio != 1) {\n",
-       "                fig.send_message(\"set_dpi_ratio\", {'dpi_ratio': mpl.ratio});\n",
-       "            }\n",
        "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
        "        }\n",
        "\n",
@@ -323,15 +321,6 @@
        "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
        "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
        "\n",
-       "    var backingStore = this.context.backingStorePixelRatio ||\n",
-       "\tthis.context.webkitBackingStorePixelRatio ||\n",
-       "\tthis.context.mozBackingStorePixelRatio ||\n",
-       "\tthis.context.msBackingStorePixelRatio ||\n",
-       "\tthis.context.oBackingStorePixelRatio ||\n",
-       "\tthis.context.backingStorePixelRatio || 1;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    mpl.ratio = (window.devicePixelRatio || 1) / backingStore;\n",
-       "\n",
        "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
        "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
        "\n",
@@ -388,9 +377,8 @@
        "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
        "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
        "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width * mpl.ratio);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height * mpl.ratio);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('style', 'width: ' + width + 'px; height: ' + height + 'px;');\n",
+       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
+       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
        "\n",
        "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
        "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
@@ -523,10 +511,10 @@
        "}\n",
        "\n",
        "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'] / mpl.ratio;\n",
-       "    var y0 = (fig.canvas.height - msg['y0']) / mpl.ratio;\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'] / mpl.ratio;\n",
-       "    var y1 = (fig.canvas.height - msg['y1']) / mpl.ratio;\n",
+       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
+       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
+       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
+       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
        "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
        "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
        "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
@@ -682,8 +670,8 @@
        "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
        "    }\n",
        "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x * mpl.ratio;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y * mpl.ratio;\n",
+       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
+       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
        "\n",
        "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
        "                             step: event.step,\n",
@@ -804,7 +792,6 @@
        "};\n",
        "\n",
        "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var width = fig.canvas.width/mpl.ratio\n",
        "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
        "\n",
        "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
@@ -813,7 +800,7 @@
        "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
        "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
        "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\" width=\"' + width + '\">');\n",
+       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
        "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
        "}\n",
        "\n",
@@ -824,9 +811,8 @@
        "\n",
        "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
        "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var width = this.canvas.width/mpl.ratio\n",
        "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\" width=\"' + width + '\">';\n",
+       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
        "}\n",
        "\n",
        "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
@@ -915,9 +901,12 @@
        "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
        "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
        "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        // select the cell after this one\n",
-       "        var index = IPython.notebook.find_cell_index(this.cell_info[0]);\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.select(index + 1);\n",
+       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
+       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
+       "        event.which = 74;\n",
+       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
+       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
+       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
        "    }\n",
        "}\n",
        "\n",
@@ -966,7 +955,7 @@
     {
      "data": {
       "text/html": [
-       "<img 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\">"
       ],
       "text/plain": [
        "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
@@ -1023,7 +1012,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 77,
+   "execution_count": 23,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1078,7 +1067,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 78,
+   "execution_count": 24,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1123,7 +1112,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 79,
+   "execution_count": 25,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1157,7 +1146,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
+   "execution_count": 26,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1192,7 +1181,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 81,
+   "execution_count": 27,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1230,7 +1219,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 82,
+   "execution_count": 28,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1264,7 +1253,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
+   "execution_count": 29,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1303,7 +1292,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 84,
+   "execution_count": 30,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1341,7 +1330,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 85,
+   "execution_count": 31,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1378,7 +1367,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 86,
+   "execution_count": 32,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1387,7 +1376,7 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "Effort is 348.376068376 N\n"
+      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
@@ -1398,7 +1387,7 @@
     "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
     "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
     "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (D/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
+    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
     "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
    ]
   },
@@ -1411,7 +1400,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 87,
+   "execution_count": 33,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1459,7 +1448,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 88,
+   "execution_count": 34,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1495,7 +1484,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 89,
+   "execution_count": 35,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1547,7 +1536,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 90,
+   "execution_count": 36,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1582,9 +1571,9 @@
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [conda root]",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "conda-root-py"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -1596,7 +1585,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.13"
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_2OboaPO.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_2OboaPO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_2OboaPO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
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-       "<img 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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_5vrvPsl.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_5vrvPsl.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_5vrvPsl.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_Cf1Ae70.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_Cf1Ae70.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_Cf1Ae70.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_IZI7GIy.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_IZI7GIy.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_IZI7GIy.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_OBixdB4.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_OBixdB4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_OBixdB4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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/+gDABAzFEAAyMGkSdK++0rnnRdu2TZ9unTMMVKNGtEHACCG0l4AH7aUWQ7JvAr89QJLiWVe9PhbCwD8zIvekUdKRx8dCp9v8OjeXapVK/oAAMRYmgtgV4vfXr0882pZHSy+T69+9PiOBQA0Y0a4jt/ee0tNm4ZLuvTpI627bvQBAEiAtBbArSxXWuz3dS1voYbFGwDLmD07LPH+5jdSaan0n/9IN94obbJJ9AEASJC0FsB/WK6yfJ559UsjLd9YXrN4SQSQUj/9JF1/vbT99tLrr0tTpkijRknbbht9AAASKI0F8Kzo0Uvg8vgdOf1bu1+xq5/lWksPC4AUWbJEGjEizPh54RszRho/XmrRIvoAACRY2pY6t7PY7+/axzLDB4xv+mhjmZB59Uv9LW0tLTOvluXnB87t2bOn6kT3dGrXrl0mAJLJL+kydqx0ySVSSYk0cKB0wgn223Lat8wBCTdu3LhMXGlpqQYPHuxPG1p8s2fqpK0AnmwZavGDnf1v39gy12K/3+sMH6jEC6A3ugMyr5aVKYBGDbi3E5B4r70mXXSRNG2a1LevdOaZUt260ZsAikaJ/XbXsKF3v/QWwLT9Tuslz2cBd7c0j+JOt9jv+9rD4gs8tS01LT7zd67lPguAIuU7eY8/XjrwwHBNP3/t1/Wj/AEoVmkrgD9ZZlaKXwbmO8scy5YW3wDir30TyDUWL4aZeWIAxWXWLOnss6VddpHWX1/64ANp0CApTAwAQPHirJYw05c9/+8Jy84WX8/dyOIzgndaABSRH36Qrroq3LP3s8+kqVOlYcPsN0D/FRAAUoACCCA1Fi2Shg4Nxe+pp6Qnn5QefTTcwxcA0oQCCKDo+c7ehx4KS7033CD55r8XX5RatYo+AAApQwEEUNT8ws0HHCD17Cmdf770zjvSscdKNbjfD4AUowACKEp+q7ajj5aOOEI6/HDpo4+kHj2kWrWiDwBAilEAARSVL76QuneX9txTatIkFL9+/aT11os+AACgAAIoDnPnSn36SDvuKM2fL739tnTLLdJmm0UfAAD8jAIIINEWLpRuvFHabjvp5ZeliROl0aOl7bePPgAA+AUKIIBEKiuTRo2SdtpJuvvu8PzZZ6W99oo+AABYIQoggMR5+ulwjp8v+V5xhfT661L79uzsBYDVRQEEkBhe9A47LNy398QTpfffl7p2lWr6/XwAAKuNAggg9j75ROrSRWrZUmrRQvr4Y6l3b6levegDAIA1QgEEEFvffiudd164VVvdumHG75prpA03jD4AAFgrFEAAsbNggTRoUNjJ69fxe/VV6a67pK23jj4AAMgJBRBAbCxeLA0bJjVtKj36qPTYY9ITT4R7+AIAqg4FEEDBlZeHwrfbbmGJ96abwjX9Djww+gAAoEpRAAEU1IsvSq1aSaefLvXqFe7h27Ejl3QBgOpEAQRQEO+9Jx17rNSundSmTTjX76yzpNq1ow8AAKoNBRBAXn35pdSjh7THHlKjRqH4DRgg1a8ffQAAUO0ogADyoqRE6tcvbPD4/ntp2jRp8GBp882jDwAA8oYCCKBalZZKt9wSLuny/PPhfr0PPBCKIACgMCiAAKpFWZk0erTUrJl0xx3S3XdLEydK++wTfQAAUDAUQABVbsIEae+9pQsvlPr2ld56S+rQgZ29ABAXFEAAVcav53flldIf/iD96U/SBx9Ip5wi1awZfQAAEAsUQABVwsvfBRdIf/+79MIL0kUXSeusE70JAIgVCiCAnC1ZEi7k/NBD0pQp3LoNAOKOAgggJ4sWSV26hOI3eXLY7QsAiDcKIIC19uOP4Xw/P9fPL/Gy1VbRGwCAWKMAAlgr8+ZJhx8uzZkTdv1uumn0BgAg9iiAANbYd99Jhx4q1a0rjRsnbbBB9AYAIBEogADWiN/L96CDpK23lh57TFpvvegNAEBiJK0AnmNpEJ4CyLf//U9q1Upq0UIaMybMAAIAkidpBbC7ZablLsvePgAgP957T2rZMpz3N3y4VKtW9AYAIHGSVgB3s7Sz+H0FJlresJxhWd8CoJq8YX/TWreWunWTbrnFvnFw8ggAJFoSv42/YDnZ0thyt+U8i88KDrXsZAFQhfyuHgcfHO7yMXAg9/MFgGKQ5N/jt7F44Wtkec/S0PK6pbcFQBUYP15q3166+upwazcAQHFIWgFc1/Jny78tPhNY23KIxc8HPN6yv6WfBUCOHn44XOR56FDpDD/RAgBQNJJWAL+0XGC5z+L3HPBNIVMtWW9apoWnANbWiBHSSSfZXzT7m9a5czQIACgaSSuAf7A0s9xkmeMDy9E6egSwFgYPlnr1kh59VDr66GgQAFBUklYAv7dsHZ7+7NeW5uEpgFz89a9Sv37S00+HO30AAIpT0gqgX/+v8n0H/LWPA1hL5eXSJZdIN98sTZwo7btv9AYAoCglrQBub/EdvxW9a/FxAGuhrEw666xwvt/zz0u7+dU2AQBFLWkFsMSyYXj6s40tC8JTAGti0SKpa1fp2WelKVOkHXeM3gAAFLWkFcBJluss2ZtQ+eNfLX5XEABr4KefpI4dpenTpcmTpV/72bQAgFRIWgG82NLK4peDeTV6PMjCJWqBNTB/vnTkkdLXX4dz/jbfPHoDAJAKSSuAX1h8x++ZljHRo5+x9LkFwGqYPVs67LCw8cPv9LFh5ZMqAABFj7t65qaBZa5Rgwb+FIg3n/Fr21Zq0sR+g7JfoerVi94AgBQpKSlRw4Z+B9nMbWR9f0HqJK0A+ozlSRa/9Vt9H6iga/SYTxRAJMZnn4WZv732koYPl2r7jRQBIIUogMlbAh5iucGyqWVJpQBYgQ8+kFq2lA45JNzmjfIHAOmWtBnAby37WT7MvCo8ZgARe9OmhZm/bt2kq6+2v/Sc+AEg5ZgBTN4MYKnlk/AUwKq8/LJ00EHSeedJ11xD+QMABEkrgLdbzg5PAazMhAlhw8dVV0mXXhoNAgBgkjYfMNniG0BmWGb6QAWto8d8YgkYsfTYY1LnztKQIeFOHwCApVgCTl4BvDx6XJ4rosd8ogAidvyevqedJo0cKf3hD9EgAOBnFMDkFcC4oQAiVoYOlS64QHroobDxAwDwSxTA5J0D6LxpdbZkb//mN7HaIjxdYw9byiyHZF4FfmcRv+fwfIvfYWRls45AbFx7rXTxxdLYsZQ/AMDKJa0A7m7xS8AMsPT3AbOH5bbwdI34mVHrWMozr4L1LfbjM3Ou4UaW9pbulnMtQCz5Ld0uu0y67jrpueekAw6I3gAAYAWSVgBvsvi5fjtaFvmAecGyb3i62rayXGnxcldxGfyPFv+aeLn0S868bbEfq+plAWKnrEw65xzpnnvstxb7tWUP/3UIAIBVSFoB3NXil4Jx2Zm7eZbKt4VblX9YrrL4Em9FzS1vWHxZOOtVy3YWnx0EYmPxYunUU6V//UuaMkXaaafoDQAAViFpBXC2xc/5q+jXlq/C09VyVvToJbAyP79wTnj6M///6djlgdhYuFDq1EmaOjXM/DVpEr0BAMBqSNou4EGW31l6Wl6x+IaNwRb7MZhZ0l0Vn8mbYtnH4tcSdD7b18YyweL3GW5mOdyS5bee83/Gdwr5xpCKMruAe/bsqTp16mQG2rVrlwlQXX74QTr2WPvNxH418dm/jTeO3gAArNC4ceMycaWlpRo82OsDl4FJirqWoZbspW19GfgRi+8KXugDq3Cyxf95P9jZ/3b/8TnXMsbyosXP+WtkyS4D+wYQPwewaebVsjIFkMvAIF/sj5o6dJBq1ZIef1yqv6YnPwAAuAyMSep1AL20bW/xpd/PfGA11bP47t6K/DzATpbxlsWW9y13Wf5i8dL3pOVvlpstlVEAkTfffOMzzFLjxtIDD0jr+B52AMAaowAm7xzArO8s/7asSflzP1n8FnIV47OI/u/zc/98idfXbw+Mxnyu+E7L8sofkDef268prVtLO+4YLvJM+QMA5CIJM4B+XT6/Hp/z6/NVvG5fRdwLGEXp44+lQw8NF3e+/XapZs3oDQDAWmEGMBkzgH5XjqxnLM+uIEDRefttqVUr6bjjpDvuoPwBAKpGUs8BjAtmAFFtXn1Vat9eOu88qW9f+8vK31YAqBLMACbvHEC/w2nly936a7+MC1A0Jk2yP9T2p7p/f6lfP8ofAKBqJa0A+mYM38hRkb9mkwaKxlNPhUu93HijdC53oQYAVIOkFUC/h+//wtOf+WsfBxJvzBipY0dp+PBwmzcAAKpD0grgt5Ytw9Of+Wu/kDOQaMOGSX/+s/TPf4YSCABAdUlaAfRLwvidPLIXc/bHIZanMq+AhPLl3t69w/Lv4RVvRAgAQDVIWgG8zOLbbWdZvokeN7RcagESp7xcGjBA+stfpGefDRd7BgCguiV1b+HvLE0sfv7faz5QIFwGBmvNy9/554fz/p55Rtp55+gNAEC14jIwyZsBzPLS98/oEUicJUuk006THn1UmjKF8gcAyK8kzADeYTk9PNWI6HF5ukaP+cQMINZYaal00knS9OnS+PHSlpW3NQEAqhUzgMmYAVwSPboyi79eXoDYW7BA+v3vw/19n3+e8gcAKIwkzAAeYYnrLl9mALHa7BdOHXWU/RZjv8Y88YT92pn55RMAkG/MACZjBnB09OhSeZCQfN99Jx16qLTuutK4cZQ/AEBhJaEAzre0sNS0+Iylx/93Vw4QSzNnhsu7NGkSNn14CQQAoJCSUJxusLxqKbX4j87FlkXLCRA7n3witWol7b23dP/9Up060RsAABRQUq4D2NiyneVpy4rukzApeswnzgHECr37rtSmjXTcceFOH79inhoAYoFzAJMxA3iGZaZliuVqixe95QWIjddfD8u+fm/fm26i/AEA4iUJP5aujR7dBdEjEFt+YedDDpEuuUS68kqpRlLm2QEAqZGEAjjbcqzFl4D9f++20fPKAQrOd/gefrj91mK/tvTuHQ0CABAzSZib6GIZalkn8yrw/93l4enPz32XcL5xDiB+9uCDUteu0rBh0gknRIMAgNjhHMBkzACOsvgB2sbyo8Vn+yrOAmafAwVzzz3SySdLY8ZQ/gAA8ZeUU9N9CfhzyzGWTy21osdsOlqAgrj1Vunss6XHH5eOPDIaBAAgxpJyerpPz1ZcY/3eslF4mlH5/XxhCTjFysulv/xFuuEGaezYcK0/AED8sQScnBnAykV1Va+BauXl76KLpNtukyZNovwBAJIlKQUwu+Eja1WvgWqzZIl05pnSAw+ES77sumv0BgAACZGUAgjEwqJF0kknSc89J02eLO2wQ/QGAAAJkpSl04WWa8LTjAst14WnGRdZ6oWnecU5gCny00/Sn/4kzZgRrve32WbRGwCAROEcwOQUwImWVS3zHhw95hMFMCXmzZOOOcZ+E7FfRZ58Utpgg+gNAEDiUADZPJErCmAKfP+9dMQRdrDtED/8sLTeetEbAIBEogByDiCwUl99JR10kNSoUbjOH+UPAFAMKIDACnz6qdSqlbT77mHHb9260RsAACQcBRBYjvffD+WvbVvp7rulWn7vGQAAigQFEKjkzTdD+TvxxHCh51/xtwQAUGT40QZU8NJL0sEHS+efLw0aJNVgmxQAoAhRAIHIM89I7dqF4nfJJdEgAABFiAIImEcflX7/e2nIkHCbNwAAihkFEKk3cqTUpYs0alQ47w8AgGJHAUSq/f3vYcbvkUfCnT4AAEgDCiBS6+qrpT59pKefltq0iQYBAEgBCiBSp7xcuvRS6cYbpYkTpf32i94AACAlKIBIlbIyqVevcN7f889LzZtHbwAAkCIUQKTG4sVSt25hyXfKFOk3v4neAAAgZSiASIWFC6WOHcNdPiZPlrbZJnoDAIAUogCi6P3wg3TkkdKXX4Zz/rbYInoDAICUogCiqM2ZI7VtKy1ZIo0fL220UfQGAAApRgFE0Zo1K9zXd+ONpaeekurXj94AACDlKIAoSjNmSK1bS82aSQ8+KNWrF70BAAAogCg+H30ktWwpHXigdO+9Uu3a0RsAACCDAoiiMn261KqV1KmTdPvtUs2a0RsAAOBnFEAUjX//WzrooHCh52uukWrUiN4AAADLoACiKLzySrif74AB0mWXUf4AAFgZCiASb/bssOTbv7909tnRIAAAWCEKIBKtvFw67TRp112l3r2jQQAAsFJpLID9LR9Z5lhmWf5laW6pqMyywFJimRc9/taCmBk6VHrpJWn4cJZ9AQBYXWksgPdb9rRsYGlsGW8ZZ6lcHzpYGlj88sH++I4FMTJtWpj1u+8+aZNNokEAALBKaSyAH1rmhqfyi4T4bN+mlso3CWM+Kcb8/r7HHy9deGG43h8AAFh9aT0H8AjLbMuPlustN1i+s1Q00vKN5TVLdx9AfJx7rrV2q+19+0YDAABgtaW1AD5l2dDis36+deBlS0WHWra1NLL0s1xr6WFBDNx/v/Tww9KoUVKtWtEgAABYbSxzhq+Bzwa2skz3geXwjSNtLS0zr5bycwPn9uzZU3Xq1MkMtGvXLhNUj48/llq0kEaOlI46KhoEAGAVxo0bl4krLS3V4MGD/WlDi2/0TB0KoORzSH5O4EmWh3xgObwAeqs7IPNqqUwBNGrQwJ+iOtnfVx1gR8Bz003RIAAAa6ikpEQNG3r3S28BTOMS8DmWzcLTzOaPIZaFlhd8wOxhaWGpbfFNIj7zd67lPgsKqE8facmScJs3AACw9tJYAA+zvGXx6/u9afEy2MbytcVtafENIL4pxDeBeN24xJKZK0ZhPPWUdMcd0pgxUt260SAAAFgrLAHnhiXgPJg5U2reXLrxRunEE6NBAADWEkvA6d0FjITwJV8vfR06UP4AAKgqFEDE2l//Kn3xhXTbbdEAAADIGQUQsTV5ciiAo0dL668fDQIAgJxRABFL338vde4sXX21tIfvywYAAFWGAojYKS+XTj01XPC5V69oEAAAVBkKIGLHL84+dap0111SDfapAwBQ5SiAiJU335Quvli67z5p442jQQAAUKUogIiN+fOlTp2kSy6RWvmdmQEAQLWgACI2/Hy/xo3DLd8AAED1oQAiFu69V3rySWnUKKmm34EZAABUGwogCu7DD6WePaW77w4zgAAAoHpRAFFQCxdKxx8vnXZauN0bAACofhRAFJRv+PBLvfgdPwAAQH5QAFEwjz8ervXnt3qrUycaBAAA1Y4CiIL4/HPplFOk22+XdtghGgQAAHlBAUTeLVkidekiHXOMdMIJ0SAAAMgbCiDybuBAadYs6ZZbogEAAJBXFEDk1aRJ0rXXSmPGSOutFw0CAIC8ogAib779Niz9Xn+9tNtu0SAAAMg7CiDyorw8bPrYZx/pjDOiQQAAUBAUQOSFn+83bZo0bFi47h8AACgcCiCq3dSpUp8+0v33SxtuGA0CAICCoQCiWs2bF2711revtP/+0SAAACgoCiCqjZ/3d+aZUpMm0sUXR4MAAKDgKICoNiNGSOPHS/fea3/Q+JMGAEBs8GMZ1eL996VevUIJ3GKLaBAAAMQCBRBV7qefpE6dwvJvu3bRIAAAiA0KIKrchRdKdeuGW74BAID4oQCiSj3ySDjnzy/5UqdONAgAAGKFAogq89ln0qmnSkOHStttFw0CAIDYoQCiSixeLHXuLB13XDj/DwAAxBcFEFXiiiuk2bOlm26KBgAAQGxRAJGzCROkG2+UxoyR1l03GgQAALFFAUROZs2SunSRbrhB2mWXaBAAAMQaBRBrraxM6tZNatVKOu20aBAAAMQeBRBrzc/3e/dd6Y47pBo1okEAABB7FECslVdflfr1C9f722CDaBAAACQCBRBrrKREOv546fLLpX33jQYBAEBiUACxRsrLpR49pB12kC64IBoEAACJQgHEGhk+XHruOWnECPvDw58eAAASiR/hWG2+4ePcc6WRI6XNN48GAQBA4lAAsVp+/DHc4u3ss6U2baJBAACQSBRArJbevaX11w+3fAMAAMlGAcQqPfhguNzLffdJtWtHgwAAILEogFip//1P6t5dGjZMatIkGgQAAIlGAcQKLVokde4snXCC9Mc/RoMAACDxKIBYIb/Q8/z50t/+Fg0AAICiQAHEco0fL916qzRmjLTOOtEgAAAoChRA/MLXX0snnSTdfLPUrFk0CAAAigYFEMsoK5O6dpUOPlg65ZRoEAAAFBUKIJZx/fXSRx9Jt98u1agRDQIAgKJCAcTPXn5ZGjBAGj1aatgwGgQAAEWHAoiMOXPC5V6uukraa69oEAAAFCUKIFReLp1+etjw8f/+XzQIAACKVhoLYH/LR5Y5llmWf1maWyrazTLJMt/yueVyS9G6805pyhTp7rvtDwS/EgAAUPTS+OP+fsuelg0sjS3jLeMs2S0P61vGWiZbNrK0t3S3nGspOm+/LZ1/vjRypLTZZtEgAAAoamksgB9a5oanqmkps2xq8bLn/KZn/nXxmcJSi1UkXWfpZSkqCxZInTqFZd9DDokGAQBA0Uvrgt8RltmWHy3XW26wfGdxvhz8hsWLYdarlu0sPjtYNM47T9pww3DLNwAAkB5pLYBPWaz6ZGb9eltetmQ1sPj5gRV5WXT+XlH4v/+T/vlP6b77pFq1okEAAJAKXOo3fA284LWyTLf4bKDfAO1wS9Z+likWvzqebwzJ8kI4t2fPnqpTp05moF27dpnE2SefSHvsETZ9/P730SAAAEVs3LhxmbjS0lINHjzYn/rP9RJ/kjYUQMnnv/ycwJMsD1m6Wq61+AaR7DKwbwDxcwCbZl4tlSmARg0aJGNycNEiqWVLae+9pVtvjQYBAEiRkpISNQx3PEhtAUzjEvA5lux+V9/8McSy0PKCDxgvgUssV1jqWXa1+DLxbZbE69vX/mPtv/Y639YCAABSKY0F8DDLW5Z5ljctXgbbWL62OF/i9TXcAy2+McTni++03GxJNJ/5HmJ1d8wYa7ZebQEAQCqxBJybxCwBf/ml1Lx5mPk7+eRoEACAFGIJOL27gFOlrEw66STfoCJ19TMcAQBAqlEAU+Caa6RPPw3LvzWY8wUAIPUogEXuxRelgQPDeX/160eDAAAg1SiARWz2bOmEE6RBg6QWLaJBAACQehTAIlVeLnXvLu22m3SOX/gGAAAgQgEsUrffLr3yijR8OOf9AQCAZVEAi9C0adIFF0ijRkmbbBINAgAARCiAReaHH6ROnaSLLpIO9EtZAwAAVEIBLDJ+vt/mm4dbvgEAACwPBbCI3Hef9Oij0siRUs2a0SAAAEAlFMAi8dFH0hlnhE0fW20VDQIAACwHBbAIlJZKxx8vnXqqdNRR0SAAAMAKUACLwKWXhvv9+i3fAAAAVoUCmHBPPindeWe41VvdutEgAADASlAAE+yLL6Ru3aQhQ6SmTaNBAACAVaAAJtSSJdKJJ0odOoRHAACA1UUBTKhBg6SZM6XbbosGAAAAVhMFMIEmT5auvjqc97f++tEgAADAaqIAJsz330udO4cdv7vvHg0CAACsAQpggpSXh2v97bmn1LNnNAgAALCGKIAJMniw9Prr0l13STVqRIMAAABriAKYEG++KV18cbjf70YbRYMAAABrgQKYAPPnS506hTt+tGwZDQIAAKwlCmAC9OolbbllKIAAAAC5ogDG3L33htu9jRwp1awZDQIAAOSAAhhjH3wQdvvec4/UuHE0CAAAkCMKYEwtXCgdf7x0+unSEUdEgwAAAFWAAhhTvuPXl3z9lm8AAABViQIYQ489Jg0fLo0eLdWpEw0CAABUEQpgzHz+uXTKKdLQodL220eDAAAAVYgCGCOLF4f7/P7hD+H8PwAAgOpAAYyRgQOlb7+Vbr45GgAAAKgGFMCYmDhRuv56acwYab31okEAAIBqQAGMAZ/169IlFMBdd40GAQAAqgkFsMDKy6Vu3aT99pN69IgGAQAAqhEFsMD8fL/p06U775Rq1IgGAQAAqhEFsICmTpUuu0y6/35pww2jQQAAgGpGASyQkhKpUyepb19p//2jQQAAgDygABaAn/d35pnSttuGW74BAADkEwWwAO65R3rmGenee+0AcAQAAECeUT/y7L33pLPPlkaMkLbYIhoEAADIIwpgHv30U7jF21lnSe3aRYMAAAB5RgHMowsvlOrVC7d8AwAAKBQKYJ488kg4588v+VK7djQIAABQABTAPPjsM+nUU8PFnn3nLwAAQCFRAKvZ4sVS585Sx44hAAAAhUYBrGZXXCHNmSPdeGM0AAAAUGAUwGo0YUIofmPGSOuuGw0CAAAUGAWwmsyaJXXpEgrgb38bDQIAAMQABbAalJVJ3bpJrVtL3btHgwAAADFBAawGPuv37rvSHXdINWpEgwAAADFBAaxir74q9e8vjR4tNWwYDQIAAMQIBbAKzZ0bbvU2YIC0zz7RIAAAQMxQAKtIebnUo4fUtKnUu3c0CAAAEENpLIB/tUyzzLV8YbnPspWlojLLAkuJZV70uNK9vHfdJU2aJI0YYV9UajUAAIixNFYVL3cnWza2NLOUWx63VNbB0sBSP3p8x7Jc770nnXtuuNfvZptFg8i7cePGRc9QaByLeOF4xAfHAnGRxgJ4meUNy2KLz+xda9nNUnnLxmrv3/VLvngBbNMmGkBB8I01PjgW8cLxiA+OBeKCxUqpneVTiy8JVzTS8o3lNctKr+ZXv37Y+AEAAJAEab9Knc/ZPWw51jLeByIHW160LLEcZhlludQy1FKRLw3PfemlGdp5Z3+KQurTp48GDRoUvUIhcSziheMRHxyLeCgpKdHWW2/tT331z1cDUyfNBfBIy70WPx/wMR9Yif6WtpaWmVdLbWn5PDwFAAAJ45tAfUNo6qS1AHax3GbpaHnGB1bBC6AvFR+QebWUf/0aW3ynMAAASA7f5DnT4ptBkQK9LN9bKpe5rD0sLSy1LTUtPvP3naWnBQAAAAnkl4FZaPE1/4rX+csWQl8a/o/Fx7wo+o7h0ywAAAAAAAAAikUny/MWvzSM7wSufLkcv27gJMt8i28CudxS2RUWP7HUZxgnWlZ6JxEs1+rctYVjkT9+LuxHljmWWZZ/WZpbKuJ45J9fycBXNg7JvAo4DvnjX9vsdWWzK0p+5YgsjkX+7Wd51uLHYrZliiWL44GV8ku/eAk8xVK5AK5v8ZNGB1rqWHaxzLCca8m60OLXFtzZUtfie/79D9q6Fqy+v1j8nMxaFr/Ojn9T9SX5LI5FfjW1ZC+Y7sfkfMtXluxmMo5H/nW1jLX496lsAeQ45JcXCJ8wWB6ORf55+fPS55s9/evpP7/3sjiOB1bbgZbKBdAvG+M/9CqOnWP5MDzN+K/FN5tk+WaSry3+BxJrz2eb/HhkSwjHonD8G+N5Fj8efltFx/HIL58N/1/0WHEGkOOQXysrgByL/PNjcV14+gscjwoqfhGweryE+CyUf8PNetWyncV/u/CZqibRWJb/kHzT4rNZWHuV79rCsci/Iyz+2/WPlustN1h8l7zjeOTXPyxXWXx2oiKOQ/75181LwicWX6nwr6/jWOTXOpb9Lf71fsXyrcW/tn6zB8fxqIACuOb8D4ifA1WR/0B0/p7HLe8z2few5vyuLf0sPTKvAo5F/j1l2dCykaW35WVLFscjf86KHr0EVsZxyK8HLL5cuLnFy4dfU87vLOVLhhyL/PLvS95r/NSIMy2bWXwJ937LvhaORwUUwDXnJ5VuEJ7+zH8gOn/P45b3mex7WDN+aR7/JutT8BVv2cexKBz/BnmLxQvIrj5gOB754bMVfS0rukc5xyG//LJhfh6Z+9JyqsWX5b0McizyyzdtuOGW1y0+0+ebpJ6zHGPheFRAAVxz2angil+7vS1+3oDvKvI/JH5eTvakU+fnEPg/41PPWDNe+vyWfX7Xlsq37ONYFJZ/Lf2C6b45xHE88qOVxWc6plq+ieIetNxu8ePgF7PnOBSWb47i70R++dfz4/B0uTgeWCX/w+EnuftdQHz936fy/bX/hfbzBHx7uJ97U8/isx+fWSruIrrA4n+IfOu4n5PglzPx3xDZRbRm/ETcld21hWORX36ytC+puE0td1j8+PjSl+N45Id/bf0WlBXjMx3+S5LPXHAc8su/7tmNUP53YYTFC8V6Fo5F/vn3Kd/p6+f7+c/soy0LLL+zcDywSr5TyL+hevnzZJ+3tjjfOu47jX6w+B80PzetsgEWXw7w3yq4jtDa8a/7yu7a4jgW+fO4xb+Ofhz8m+gjFp9pqojjURj+/anidQA5DvnzqMU3gPjX0YuCbwLxZfosjkX+XWzxYucbBl+z+GlEWRwPAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACSYnuL38Hm15lXABBTFW+IDADF6DnLleFpXpRHjwAQWxRAAACAlKEAAkizbpbpljmWaZaulqy6lv+zfG4psbxrOctSkd/0/xmL33T+HcvBFgAAABTYipaA/2jx4naQpYblUMs8y9EWV89ysqV+5pV0uOUny2GZV+EXaC99wyz+2caWVyxLLJwDCAAAUEArKoBjLX8LT392k+Wp8HS5HrFcF57qAMsiy/qZV8GRFgoggNhjCRhAWm1t+Tg8/dlHlmx5q2O53vK+xZeIZ1vaWzazuC0tPjY/8yr4JHoEgFijAAJIqxkWv2xLRTtYPgtP1dvSIcoGlg0tPmvoy8XOzw30sewSsds2egSAWKMAAkiDmhbf1FExd1lOtRxo8e+Fh1hOsQy1uAaWhZbvLP7Pd7S0tWT5+X4fWm6wrGvxGcHLLAAAACgwPwfQz8vLxi/U7I9e+LwA+kYO3wziu4F900fWxpYnLL4D+CvLEMsoywhLls8gPmvJ7gL+s4VzAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOJA+v9AkmDBbNm4yQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_RVkqLSe.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_RVkqLSe.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_RVkqLSe.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_TRm6El0.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_TRm6El0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_TRm6El0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_WfVJQIc.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_WfVJQIc.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_WfVJQIc.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_WrH8REw.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_WrH8REw.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d5de1827..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_WrH8REw.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1595 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_Z5dEk19.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_Z5dEk19.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_Z5dEk19.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_gyVuqN8.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_gyVuqN8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_gyVuqN8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_jOUBDFo.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_jOUBDFo.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_jOUBDFo.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_otmOyr2.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_otmOyr2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_otmOyr2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_z9FlTqT.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_z9FlTqT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 55339520..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_z9FlTqT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1593 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter6-SIMPLE MACHINES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 20.0\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 25.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 0.8\n",
-      "Ideal Load 12500.0\n",
-      "Ideal Effort 400.0\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 100.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 2500.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 10000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 500.0    #Effort\n",
-    "D = 20.0   #Distance moved by the effort \n",
-    "d = 0.8     #Distance moved by the load \n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=D/d      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Effort\",Pi\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.05 W + 30.0\n",
-      "Load is  3400.0 N\n",
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 17.0\n",
-      "Ideal effort is 113.333333333 N\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 86.6666666667\n",
-      "Efficiency 56.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 2400.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 3000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 180.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "P3= 200.0    #Effort3\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "W3=(P3-C)/m                   #Load 2\n",
-    "print \"Load is \",W3,\"N\"\n",
-    "MA=W3/P3         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "Pi =W3/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "print \"Ideal effort is\",Pi,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P3-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 51.3333333333\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 85.5555555556\n",
-      "Efficiency 61.7142857143\n",
-      "Maximum Mechanical advantage-- 55.0\n",
-      "Maximum Efficiency 64.2857142857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W1 = 7700.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 150.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "VR=MA/Efficiency        #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "W2 = 13200.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 250.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MMA=1/m         #Maximum Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Mechanical advantage--\",MMA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=MMA/VR*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.06 W + 10.5\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "application/javascript": [
-       "/* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */\n",
-       "window.mpl = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {\n",
-       "    if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return WebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else if (typeof(MozWebSocket) !== 'undefined') {\n",
-       "        return MozWebSocket;\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        alert('Your browser does not have WebSocket support.' +\n",
-       "              'Please try Chrome, Safari or Firefox ≥ 6. ' +\n",
-       "              'Firefox 4 and 5 are also supported but you ' +\n",
-       "              'have to enable WebSockets in about:config.');\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {\n",
-       "    this.id = figure_id;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws = websocket;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.supports_binary = (this.ws.binaryType != undefined);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (!this.supports_binary) {\n",
-       "        var warnings = document.getElementById(\"mpl-warnings\");\n",
-       "        if (warnings) {\n",
-       "            warnings.style.display = 'block';\n",
-       "            warnings.textContent = (\n",
-       "                \"This browser does not support binary websocket messages. \" +\n",
-       "                    \"Performance may be slow.\");\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj = new Image();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.message = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = undefined;\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = undefined;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.image_mode = 'full';\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.root = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "    this._root_extra_style(this.root)\n",
-       "    this.root.attr('style', 'display: inline-block');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    $(parent_element).append(this.root);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._init_header(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_canvas(this);\n",
-       "    this._init_toolbar(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.waiting = false;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onopen =  function () {\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"supports_binary\", {value: fig.supports_binary});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"send_image_mode\", {});\n",
-       "            fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onload = function() {\n",
-       "            if (fig.image_mode == 'full') {\n",
-       "                // Full images could contain transparency (where diff images\n",
-       "                // almost always do), so we need to clear the canvas so that\n",
-       "                // there is no ghosting.\n",
-       "                fig.context.clearRect(0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "            fig.context.drawImage(fig.imageObj, 0, 0);\n",
-       "        };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.imageObj.onunload = function() {\n",
-       "        this.ws.close();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ws.onmessage = this._make_on_message_function(this);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.ondownload = ondownload;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_header = function() {\n",
-       "    var titlebar = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "        'ui-helper-clearfix\"/>');\n",
-       "    var titletext = $(\n",
-       "        '<div class=\"ui-dialog-title\" style=\"width: 100%; ' +\n",
-       "        'text-align: center; padding: 3px;\"/>');\n",
-       "    titlebar.append(titletext)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(titlebar);\n",
-       "    this.header = titletext[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(canvas_div) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas_div = $('<div/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.attr('style', 'position: relative; clear: both; outline: 0');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function canvas_keyboard_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.key_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keydown('key_press', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.keyup('key_release', canvas_keyboard_event);\n",
-       "    this.canvas_div = canvas_div\n",
-       "    this._canvas_extra_style(canvas_div)\n",
-       "    this.root.append(canvas_div);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var canvas = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    canvas.addClass('mpl-canvas');\n",
-       "    canvas.attr('style', \"left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 0; outline: 0\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.canvas = canvas[0];\n",
-       "    this.context = canvas[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');\n",
-       "    rubberband.attr('style', \"position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;\")\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.resizable({\n",
-       "        start: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = false;\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        resize: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "        stop: function(event, ui) {\n",
-       "            pass_mouse_events = true;\n",
-       "            fig.request_resize(ui.size.width, ui.size.height);\n",
-       "        },\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function mouse_event_fn(event) {\n",
-       "        if (pass_mouse_events)\n",
-       "            return fig.mouse_event(event, event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousedown('button_press', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseup('button_release', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    // Throttle sequential mouse events to 1 every 20ms.\n",
-       "    rubberband.mousemove('motion_notify', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseenter('figure_enter', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "    rubberband.mouseleave('figure_leave', mouse_event_fn);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.on(\"wheel\", function (event) {\n",
-       "        event = event.originalEvent;\n",
-       "        event['data'] = 'scroll'\n",
-       "        if (event.deltaY < 0) {\n",
-       "            event.step = 1;\n",
-       "        } else {\n",
-       "            event.step = -1;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        mouse_event_fn(event);\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(canvas);\n",
-       "    canvas_div.append(rubberband);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.rubberband = rubberband;\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_canvas = rubberband[0];\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context = rubberband[0].getContext(\"2d\");\n",
-       "    this.rubberband_context.strokeStyle = \"#000000\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas = function(width, height) {\n",
-       "        // Keep the size of the canvas, canvas container, and rubber band\n",
-       "        // canvas in synch.\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('width', width)\n",
-       "        canvas_div.css('height', height)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        canvas.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('width', width);\n",
-       "        rubberband.attr('height', height);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Set the figure to an initial 600x600px, this will subsequently be updated\n",
-       "    // upon first draw.\n",
-       "    this._resize_canvas(600, 600);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Disable right mouse context menu.\n",
-       "    $(this.rubberband_canvas).bind(\"contextmenu\",function(e){\n",
-       "        return false;\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function set_focus () {\n",
-       "        canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    window.setTimeout(set_focus, 100);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items) {\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) {\n",
-       "            // put a spacer in here.\n",
-       "            continue;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button/>');\n",
-       "        button.addClass('ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ' +\n",
-       "                        'ui-button-icon-only');\n",
-       "        button.attr('role', 'button');\n",
-       "        button.attr('aria-disabled', 'false');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var icon_img = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-button-icon-primary ui-icon');\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass(image);\n",
-       "        icon_img.addClass('ui-corner-all');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var tooltip_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.addClass('ui-button-text');\n",
-       "        tooltip_span.html(tooltip);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        button.append(icon_img);\n",
-       "        button.append(tooltip_span);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker_span = $('<span/>');\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fmt_picker = $('<select/>');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker.addClass('mpl-toolbar-option ui-widget ui-widget-content');\n",
-       "    fmt_picker_span.append(fmt_picker);\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(fmt_picker_span);\n",
-       "    this.format_dropdown = fmt_picker[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for (var ind in mpl.extensions) {\n",
-       "        var fmt = mpl.extensions[ind];\n",
-       "        var option = $(\n",
-       "            '<option/>', {selected: fmt === mpl.default_extension}).html(fmt);\n",
-       "        fmt_picker.append(option)\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add hover states to the ui-buttons\n",
-       "    $( \".ui-button\" ).hover(\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).addClass(\"ui-state-hover\");},\n",
-       "        function() { $(this).removeClass(\"ui-state-hover\");}\n",
-       "    );\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.request_resize = function(x_pixels, y_pixels) {\n",
-       "    // Request matplotlib to resize the figure. Matplotlib will then trigger a resize in the client,\n",
-       "    // which will in turn request a refresh of the image.\n",
-       "    this.send_message('resize', {'width': x_pixels, 'height': y_pixels});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_message = function(type, properties) {\n",
-       "    properties['type'] = type;\n",
-       "    properties['figure_id'] = this.id;\n",
-       "    this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(properties));\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.send_draw_message = function() {\n",
-       "    if (!this.waiting) {\n",
-       "        this.waiting = true;\n",
-       "        this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({type: \"draw\", figure_id: this.id}));\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var format_dropdown = fig.format_dropdown;\n",
-       "    var format = format_dropdown.options[format_dropdown.selectedIndex].value;\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, format);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var size = msg['size'];\n",
-       "    if (size[0] != fig.canvas.width || size[1] != fig.canvas.height) {\n",
-       "        fig._resize_canvas(size[0], size[1]);\n",
-       "        fig.send_message(\"refresh\", {});\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var x0 = msg['x0'];\n",
-       "    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];\n",
-       "    var x1 = msg['x1'];\n",
-       "    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];\n",
-       "    x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    y1 = Math.floor(y1) + 0.5;\n",
-       "    var min_x = Math.min(x0, x1);\n",
-       "    var min_y = Math.min(y0, y1);\n",
-       "    var width = Math.abs(x1 - x0);\n",
-       "    var height = Math.abs(y1 - y0);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.clearRect(\n",
-       "        0, 0, fig.canvas.width, fig.canvas.height);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_context.strokeRect(min_x, min_y, width, height);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_figure_label = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Updates the figure title.\n",
-       "    fig.header.textContent = msg['label'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_cursor = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    var cursor = msg['cursor'];\n",
-       "    switch(cursor)\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "    case 0:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'pointer';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 1:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'default';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 2:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'crosshair';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    case 3:\n",
-       "        cursor = 'move';\n",
-       "        break;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    fig.rubberband_canvas.style.cursor = cursor;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_message = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.message.textContent = msg['message'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_draw = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    // Request the server to send over a new figure.\n",
-       "    fig.send_draw_message();\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_image_mode = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.image_mode = msg['mode'];\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Called whenever the canvas gets updated.\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// A function to construct a web socket function for onmessage handling.\n",
-       "// Called in the figure constructor.\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._make_on_message_function = function(fig) {\n",
-       "    return function socket_on_message(evt) {\n",
-       "        if (evt.data instanceof Blob) {\n",
-       "            /* FIXME: We get \"Resource interpreted as Image but\n",
-       "             * transferred with MIME type text/plain:\" errors on\n",
-       "             * Chrome.  But how to set the MIME type?  It doesn't seem\n",
-       "             * to be part of the websocket stream */\n",
-       "            evt.data.type = \"image/png\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            /* Free the memory for the previous frames */\n",
-       "            if (fig.imageObj.src) {\n",
-       "                (window.URL || window.webkitURL).revokeObjectURL(\n",
-       "                    fig.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = (window.URL || window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(\n",
-       "                evt.data);\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "        else if (typeof evt.data === 'string' && evt.data.slice(0, 21) == \"data:image/png;base64\") {\n",
-       "            fig.imageObj.src = evt.data;\n",
-       "            fig.updated_canvas_event();\n",
-       "            fig.waiting = false;\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var msg = JSON.parse(evt.data);\n",
-       "        var msg_type = msg['type'];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        // Call the  \"handle_{type}\" callback, which takes\n",
-       "        // the figure and JSON message as its only arguments.\n",
-       "        try {\n",
-       "            var callback = fig[\"handle_\" + msg_type];\n",
-       "        } catch (e) {\n",
-       "            console.log(\"No handler for the '\" + msg_type + \"' message type: \", msg);\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (callback) {\n",
-       "            try {\n",
-       "                // console.log(\"Handling '\" + msg_type + \"' message: \", msg);\n",
-       "                callback(fig, msg);\n",
-       "            } catch (e) {\n",
-       "                console.log(\"Exception inside the 'handler_\" + msg_type + \"' callback:\", e, e.stack, msg);\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1114465/getting-mouse-location-in-canvas\n",
-       "mpl.findpos = function(e) {\n",
-       "    //this section is from http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_properties.html\n",
-       "    var targ;\n",
-       "    if (!e)\n",
-       "        e = window.event;\n",
-       "    if (e.target)\n",
-       "        targ = e.target;\n",
-       "    else if (e.srcElement)\n",
-       "        targ = e.srcElement;\n",
-       "    if (targ.nodeType == 3) // defeat Safari bug\n",
-       "        targ = targ.parentNode;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // jQuery normalizes the pageX and pageY\n",
-       "    // pageX,Y are the mouse positions relative to the document\n",
-       "    // offset() returns the position of the element relative to the document\n",
-       "    var x = e.pageX - $(targ).offset().left;\n",
-       "    var y = e.pageY - $(targ).offset().top;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    return {\"x\": x, \"y\": y};\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "/*\n",
-       " * return a copy of an object with only non-object keys\n",
-       " * we need this to avoid circular references\n",
-       " * http://stackoverflow.com/a/24161582/3208463\n",
-       " */\n",
-       "function simpleKeys (original) {\n",
-       "  return Object.keys(original).reduce(function (obj, key) {\n",
-       "    if (typeof original[key] !== 'object')\n",
-       "        obj[key] = original[key]\n",
-       "    return obj;\n",
-       "  }, {});\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var canvas_pos = mpl.findpos(event)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    if (name === 'button_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        this.canvas.focus();\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.focus();\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var x = canvas_pos.x;\n",
-       "    var y = canvas_pos.y;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,\n",
-       "                             step: event.step,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    /* This prevents the web browser from automatically changing to\n",
-       "     * the text insertion cursor when the button is pressed.  We want\n",
-       "     * to control all of the cursor setting manually through the\n",
-       "     * 'cursor' event from matplotlib */\n",
-       "    event.preventDefault();\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    // Handle any extra behaviour associated with a key event\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.key_event = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Prevent repeat events\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_press')\n",
-       "    {\n",
-       "        if (event.which === this._key)\n",
-       "            return;\n",
-       "        else\n",
-       "            this._key = event.which;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    if (name == 'key_release')\n",
-       "        this._key = null;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var value = '';\n",
-       "    if (event.ctrlKey && event.which != 17)\n",
-       "        value += \"ctrl+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.altKey && event.which != 18)\n",
-       "        value += \"alt+\";\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which != 16)\n",
-       "        value += \"shift+\";\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    value += 'k';\n",
-       "    value += event.which.toString();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this._key_event_extra(event, name);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    this.send_message(name, {key: value,\n",
-       "                             guiEvent: simpleKeys(event)});\n",
-       "    return false;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onclick = function(name) {\n",
-       "    if (name == 'download') {\n",
-       "        this.handle_save(this, null);\n",
-       "    } else {\n",
-       "        this.send_message(\"toolbar_button\", {name: name});\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.toolbar_button_onmouseover = function(tooltip) {\n",
-       "    this.message.textContent = tooltip;\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "mpl.toolbar_items = [[\"Home\", \"Reset original view\", \"fa fa-home icon-home\", \"home\"], [\"Back\", \"Back to  previous view\", \"fa fa-arrow-left icon-arrow-left\", \"back\"], [\"Forward\", \"Forward to next view\", \"fa fa-arrow-right icon-arrow-right\", \"forward\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Pan\", \"Pan axes with left mouse, zoom with right\", \"fa fa-arrows icon-move\", \"pan\"], [\"Zoom\", \"Zoom to rectangle\", \"fa fa-square-o icon-check-empty\", \"zoom\"], [\"\", \"\", \"\", \"\"], [\"Download\", \"Download plot\", \"fa fa-floppy-o icon-save\", \"download\"]];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.extensions = [\"eps\", \"jpeg\", \"pdf\", \"png\", \"ps\", \"raw\", \"svg\", \"tif\"];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.default_extension = \"png\";var comm_websocket_adapter = function(comm) {\n",
-       "    // Create a \"websocket\"-like object which calls the given IPython comm\n",
-       "    // object with the appropriate methods. Currently this is a non binary\n",
-       "    // socket, so there is still some room for performance tuning.\n",
-       "    var ws = {};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    ws.close = function() {\n",
-       "        comm.close()\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    ws.send = function(m) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('sending', m);\n",
-       "        comm.send(m);\n",
-       "    };\n",
-       "    // Register the callback with on_msg.\n",
-       "    comm.on_msg(function(msg) {\n",
-       "        //console.log('receiving', msg['content']['data'], msg);\n",
-       "        // Pass the mpl event to the overriden (by mpl) onmessage function.\n",
-       "        ws.onmessage(msg['content']['data'])\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "    return ws;\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {\n",
-       "    // This is the function which gets called when the mpl process\n",
-       "    // starts-up an IPython Comm through the \"matplotlib\" channel.\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var id = msg.content.data.id;\n",
-       "    // Get hold of the div created by the display call when the Comm\n",
-       "    // socket was opened in Python.\n",
-       "    var element = $(\"#\" + id);\n",
-       "    var ws_proxy = comm_websocket_adapter(comm)\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    function ondownload(figure, format) {\n",
-       "        window.open(figure.imageObj.src);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var fig = new mpl.figure(id, ws_proxy,\n",
-       "                           ondownload,\n",
-       "                           element.get(0));\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Call onopen now - mpl needs it, as it is assuming we've passed it a real\n",
-       "    // web socket which is closed, not our websocket->open comm proxy.\n",
-       "    ws_proxy.onopen();\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    fig.parent_element = element.get(0);\n",
-       "    fig.cell_info = mpl.find_output_cell(\"<div id='\" + id + \"'></div>\");\n",
-       "    if (!fig.cell_info) {\n",
-       "        console.error(\"Failed to find cell for figure\", id, fig);\n",
-       "        return;\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var output_index = fig.cell_info[2]\n",
-       "    var cell = fig.cell_info[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "};\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.root.unbind('remove')\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.\n",
-       "    fig.push_to_output();\n",
-       "    var dataURL = fig.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,\n",
-       "    // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.\n",
-       "    IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()\n",
-       "    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">');\n",
-       "    fig.close_ws(fig, msg);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){\n",
-       "    fig.send_message('closing', msg);\n",
-       "    // fig.ws.close()\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {\n",
-       "    // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.\n",
-       "    var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();\n",
-       "    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src=\"' + dataURL + '\">';\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {\n",
-       "    // Tell IPython that the notebook contents must change.\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.set_dirty(true);\n",
-       "    this.send_message(\"ack\", {});\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "    // Wait a second, then push the new image to the DOM so\n",
-       "    // that it is saved nicely (might be nice to debounce this).\n",
-       "    setTimeout(function () { fig.push_to_output() }, 1000);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._init_toolbar = function() {\n",
-       "    var fig = this;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    var nav_element = $('<div/>')\n",
-       "    nav_element.attr('style', 'width: 100%');\n",
-       "    this.root.append(nav_element);\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Define a callback function for later on.\n",
-       "    function toolbar_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onclick(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    function toolbar_mouse_event(event) {\n",
-       "        return fig.toolbar_button_onmouseover(event['data']);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    for(var toolbar_ind in mpl.toolbar_items){\n",
-       "        var name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][0];\n",
-       "        var tooltip = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][1];\n",
-       "        var image = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][2];\n",
-       "        var method_name = mpl.toolbar_items[toolbar_ind][3];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        if (!name) { continue; };\n",
-       "\n",
-       "        var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"#\" title=\"' + name + '\"><i class=\"fa ' + image + ' fa-lg\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "        button.click(method_name, toolbar_event);\n",
-       "        button.mouseover(tooltip, toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "        nav_element.append(button);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the status bar.\n",
-       "    var status_bar = $('<span class=\"mpl-message\" style=\"text-align:right; float: right;\"/>');\n",
-       "    nav_element.append(status_bar);\n",
-       "    this.message = status_bar[0];\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Add the close button to the window.\n",
-       "    var buttongrp = $('<div class=\"btn-group inline pull-right\"></div>');\n",
-       "    var button = $('<button class=\"btn btn-mini btn-primary\" href=\"#\" title=\"Stop Interaction\"><i class=\"fa fa-power-off icon-remove icon-large\"></i></button>');\n",
-       "    button.click(function (evt) { fig.handle_close(fig, {}); } );\n",
-       "    button.mouseover('Stop Interaction', toolbar_mouse_event);\n",
-       "    buttongrp.append(button);\n",
-       "    var titlebar = this.root.find($('.ui-dialog-titlebar'));\n",
-       "    titlebar.prepend(buttongrp);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._root_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    var fig = this\n",
-       "    el.on(\"remove\", function(){\n",
-       "\tfig.close_ws(fig, {});\n",
-       "    });\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._canvas_extra_style = function(el){\n",
-       "    // this is important to make the div 'focusable\n",
-       "    el.attr('tabindex', 0)\n",
-       "    // reach out to IPython and tell the keyboard manager to turn it's self\n",
-       "    // off when our div gets focus\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // location in version 3\n",
-       "    if (IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager) {\n",
-       "        IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "    else {\n",
-       "        // location in version 2\n",
-       "        IPython.keyboard_manager.register_events(el);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype._key_event_extra = function(event, name) {\n",
-       "    var manager = IPython.notebook.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "    if (!manager)\n",
-       "        manager = IPython.keyboard_manager;\n",
-       "\n",
-       "    // Check for shift+enter\n",
-       "    if (event.shiftKey && event.which == 13) {\n",
-       "        this.canvas_div.blur();\n",
-       "        event.shiftKey = false;\n",
-       "        // Send a \"J\" for go to next cell\n",
-       "        event.which = 74;\n",
-       "        event.keyCode = 74;\n",
-       "        manager.command_mode();\n",
-       "        manager.handle_keydown(event);\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.figure.prototype.handle_save = function(fig, msg) {\n",
-       "    fig.ondownload(fig, null);\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "\n",
-       "mpl.find_output_cell = function(html_output) {\n",
-       "    // Return the cell and output element which can be found *uniquely* in the notebook.\n",
-       "    // Note - this is a bit hacky, but it is done because the \"notebook_saving.Notebook\"\n",
-       "    // IPython event is triggered only after the cells have been serialised, which for\n",
-       "    // our purposes (turning an active figure into a static one), is too late.\n",
-       "    var cells = IPython.notebook.get_cells();\n",
-       "    var ncells = cells.length;\n",
-       "    for (var i=0; i<ncells; i++) {\n",
-       "        var cell = cells[i];\n",
-       "        if (cell.cell_type === 'code'){\n",
-       "            for (var j=0; j<cell.output_area.outputs.length; j++) {\n",
-       "                var data = cell.output_area.outputs[j];\n",
-       "                if (data.data) {\n",
-       "                    // IPython >= 3 moved mimebundle to data attribute of output\n",
-       "                    data = data.data;\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "                if (data['text/html'] == html_output) {\n",
-       "                    return [cell, data, j];\n",
-       "                }\n",
-       "            }\n",
-       "        }\n",
-       "    }\n",
-       "}\n",
-       "\n",
-       "// Register the function which deals with the matplotlib target/channel.\n",
-       "// The kernel may be null if the page has been refreshed.\n",
-       "if (IPython.notebook.kernel != null) {\n",
-       "    IPython.notebook.kernel.comm_manager.register_target('matplotlib', mpl.mpl_figure_comm);\n",
-       "}\n"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.Javascript object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "text/html": [
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\">"
-      ],
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Efficiency 66.6666666667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "%matplotlib notebook\n",
-    "import matplotlib\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt2\n",
-    "W=[100.0,200.0,300.0,400.0,500.0,600.0]           #loads  \n",
-    "P=[16.0,22.5,28.0,34.0,40.5,46.5]    #Efforts\n",
-    "VR=25.0             #velocity ratio\n",
-    "E=[0,0,0,0,0,0]  #Efficiency\n",
-    "#calculating average slope\n",
-    "m=(P[4]-P[1])/(W[4]-W[1])\n",
-    "C=P[4]-m*W[4]\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "for i in range(0,6):\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    E[i]=W[i]/(25*P[i])*100                     #E=W/(P*VR)\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "plt2.plot(W,E)\n",
-    "plt2.ylabel(\"Efficiency\")\n",
-    "plt2.xlabel(\"Load\")\n",
-    "plt2.show()    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "MaxEfficiency=1/VR*100*1/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Maximum Efficiency\",MaxEfficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mechanical advantage-- 13.8888888889\n",
-      "Velocity Ratio 30.0\n",
-      "Efficiency 46.2962962963\n",
-      "self-locking machine\n",
-      "Ideal Load 10800.0\n",
-      "frictional resistance 5800.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "W = 5000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P = 360.0    #Effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "VR=30.0      #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Wi = P*VR        #ideal load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Fr=Wi-W            #frictional resistance\n",
-    "print \"Mechanical advantage--\",MA\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio\",VR\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "print \"Ideal Load\",Wi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frictional resistance\",Fr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 937.5 N\n",
-      "number of pulley is  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 6000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.8\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "#second case\n",
-    "P=520.0\n",
-    "n=0,\n",
-    "for i in range(3,20):\n",
-    "    if((P*(0.8-(i-3)*0.05)*(2**i)))>6000:\n",
-    "        n=i\n",
-    "        break\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "        \n",
-    "print \"number of pulley is \",n\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Exmple 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 2352.94117647 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of movable pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2*N              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.85\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1923.07692308 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 12000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2\n",
-    "VR=2*N1+2*N2              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "L=0.05                     #Efficiency loss  in each pulley\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.78\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 27,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 79.3650793651\n",
-      "Effort lost in friction 37.1428571429\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 1000.0  #Load\n",
-    "N=3.0              #number of pulleys\n",
-    "VR=2**N-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "P = 180.0    #Effort\n",
-    "MA=W/P        #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency\n",
-    "Pi =W/VR        #Ideal effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "efl=P-Pi            #Effort lost in friction\n",
-    "print \"Effort lost in friction\",efl"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 595.238095238 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "W = 2500.0  #Load\n",
-    "N1=2.0              #number of movable pulleys in  system 1 in figure B\n",
-    "N2=2.0              #number of movable  puleys in system 2 in figure C\n",
-    "VR=2**N1-1+2**N2-1              #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.70\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  2.3\n",
-      "Effort is 745.341614907 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle\n",
-    "tcw=6.0             #thickness of the cord on the wheel\n",
-    "tca=20.0           #thickness of the cord on the axle\n",
-    "W=1200              #effort\n",
-    "ED=D+tcw            #Effective diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "Ed=d+tca            #Effectivediameter of axle\n",
-    "VR=ED/Ed           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.7\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "Effort is 1136.36363636 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=800.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d1=250.0            #diameter of axle 1\n",
-    "d2=300.0            #diameter of axle 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=20000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(d2-d1)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.55\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity ratio is  3.33333333333\n",
-      "Effort is 2500.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=500.0            #diameter of the wheel\n",
-    "d=200.0            #diameter of axle \n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=5000.0              #effort\n",
-    "\n",
-    "VR=(2*D)/(D-d)           #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.6\n",
-    "MA=Efficiency*VR         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "P = W/MA    #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 1741.88034188 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "D=40.0  #Screw diameter\n",
-    "l=20.0   #Screw lwngth\n",
-    "p=l/3.0  #Lead of the screw\n",
-    "W=40000.0              #effort\n",
-    "R = 400  #Lever length\n",
-    "u = 0.12    #coefficient of friction between screw and nut\n",
-    "P = (d/(2*R))*W*((u+(p/(3.14*D)))/(1-u*(p/(3.14*D))))   #Effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effort is 57.0287539936 N\n",
-      "Efficiency 55.8439936484 %\n",
-      "reversible machine\n",
-      "The torque required to keep the load from descending 2047.61904762 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=50.0  #mean diameter of screw\n",
-    "p=10.0  #pitch of screw\n",
-    "u=0.05 #coefficient of friction at the screw thread\n",
-    "R=300.0 ##Lever length\n",
-    "W=6000.0 #Load\n",
-    "o1=math.atan(p/(3.14*d))\n",
-    "o2=math.atan(0.05)\n",
-    "P=d/(2*R)*(W*math.tan(o1+o2))  #effort\n",
-    "print \"Effort is\",P,\"N\"\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/p       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "var=\"reversible machine\"\n",
-    "if Efficiency < 50.0:\n",
-    "    var=\"self-locking machine\"\n",
-    "print var\n",
-    "T =d/2.0*W*math.tan(o1-o2) #The torque required to keep the load from descending\n",
-    "print \"The torque required to keep the load from descending\",T,\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency 12.9110001721 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p1=5.0   #Pitch of smaller screw\n",
-    "p2=10.0    #Pitch of larger screw\n",
-    "R=500.0     #Lever arm length from centre of screw\n",
-    "W=15000.0  #Load\n",
-    "P=185.0    #Effort\n",
-    "VR=2*3.14*R/(p2-p1)       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "MA=W/P         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  120.0\n",
-      "Law of machine is P= 0.01 W + 70.0\n",
-      "Efficiency for first case 25.0 %\n",
-      "Efficiency for second case 46.875 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=200.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 1200.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 10.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 100.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "W1 = 3000.0  #Load 1\n",
-    "P1= 100.0    #Effort1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W2 = 9000.0  #Load 2\n",
-    "P2= 160.0    #Effort2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#law of machine is given by P=mW+C\n",
-    "m=(P2-P1)/(W2-W1)\n",
-    "C=P2-m*W2\n",
-    "print \"Law of machine is P=\",m,\"W\",\"+\",C\n",
-    "MA=W1/P1         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for first case\",Efficiency,\"%\"\n",
-    "MA=W2/P2         #Mechanical advantage\n",
-    "Efficiency=MA/VR*100.0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Efficiency for second case\",Efficiency,\"%\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 6.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity Ratio is  32.0\n",
-      "LOad 3200.0 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=150.0  #Diameter of the load drum \n",
-    "R = 400.0   # Length of lever arm  \n",
-    "T1 = 15.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T3 = 20.0  #Number of teeth on pinion, \n",
-    "T2 = 45.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "T4 = 40.0   #Number of teeth on spur wheel\n",
-    "P= 250.0    #Effort\n",
-    "Efficiency=0.4\n",
-    "VR=R*T2/(d*T1)*2.0*T4/T3       #Velocity Ratio\n",
-    "print \"Velocity Ratio is \",VR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=VR*Efficiency*P       #Load \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"LOad\",W,\"N\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8.ipynb
index 3e89d9ff..1204506a 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 81,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 82,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 84,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 85,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 86,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 87,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 88,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 89,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 90,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 91,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 92,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 93,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 94,
+   "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -796,7 +796,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 95,
+   "execution_count": 16,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -846,7 +846,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 96,
+   "execution_count": 17,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -894,7 +894,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 97,
+   "execution_count": 18,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -940,7 +940,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 98,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -993,7 +993,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 99,
+   "execution_count": 20,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1051,7 +1051,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 100,
+   "execution_count": 21,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1099,7 +1099,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 101,
+   "execution_count": 22,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1144,7 +1144,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 102,
+   "execution_count": 23,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1189,7 +1189,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 103,
+   "execution_count": 24,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 104,
+   "execution_count": 25,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -1257,7 +1257,8 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n"
+      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n",
+      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
@@ -1282,32 +1283,10 @@
     "Changeinlength=alphas*t*L+(Ps*L/(As*Es))\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
-    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.30 page number 278"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 105,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
+    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "##example 8.30 page number 278\n",
+    "\n",
     "#variable declaration\n",
     "\n",
     "p=float(2)                   #internal pressure, N/mm^2\n",
@@ -1316,12 +1295,13 @@
     "\n",
     "f=(p*D)/(2*t)          #Hoop stress,N/mm^2\n",
     "\n",
-    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\""
+    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_6BR5OK6.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_6BR5OK6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1204506a..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_6BR5OK6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1325 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter8-SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.1 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "sectional area= 201.06 mm^2\n",
-      "stress= 198.94 N/mm^2\n",
-      "strain= 0.000994718394324 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 0.497 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40000)               #Load,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)              #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=500              #length of circular rod,mm\n",
-    "d=float(16)               #diameter of rod,mm\n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=(pi*(pow(d,2)))/4   #sectional area, mm^2\n",
-    "p=P/A                 #stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "e=p/E                 #strain\n",
-    "delta=(P*L)/(A*E)     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sectional area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"strain=\",e,\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.2 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "area= 11.25 mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 1.6 mm\n",
-      "Hence, if measured length is 30.0 m.\n",
-      "Actual length is 30.0016 m\n",
-      "Actual length of line AB= 150.008 m.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(120)              # force applied during measurement,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)           #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(30)            #length of  Surveyor’s steel tape,mm\n",
-    "              \n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=15*0.75             #area, mm^2\n",
-    "delta=((P*L*1000)/(A*E))     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, if measured length is\", L,\"m.\"\n",
-    "print \"Actual length is\" ,round((L+(delta/1000)),6),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Actual length of line AB=\",round((150*(L+(delta/1000))/30),3),\"m.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.3 Page number 244\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Therefore, permissible stress\n",
-      "p= 142.857 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Load P= 160000.0 N\n",
-      "A= 1120.0 mm^2\n",
-      "d= 94.32 mm\n",
-      "t= 3.64 mm\n",
-      "Hence, use of light section is recommended.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=float(250)                 #Yield stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "FOS=float(1.75)              #Factor of safety\n",
-    "P=float(160)                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=Y/FOS\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Therefore, permissible stress\"\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,3), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Load P=\",P*1000,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=P/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=P*1000/p           #area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"A=\",round(A),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#For hollow section of outer diameter ‘D’ and inner diameter ‘d’ A=pi*(D^2-d^2)/4\n",
-    "D=float(101.6)        #outer diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(pow(D,2)-(4*A/pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=(D-d)/2\n",
-    "print \"t=\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, use of light section is recommended.\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.4 page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Area= 314.16 mm^2\n",
-      "Stress at elastic limit= 324.68 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Young's modulus E= 12732.4 N/mm^22\n",
-      "Percentage elongation= 28.0 %\n",
-      "Percentage reduction in area= 43.75 %\n",
-      "Ultimate Tensile Stress= 0.41 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(20)                                       #Diameter ,mm\n",
-    "Loadatelasticlimit=float(102)                  #Load at elastic limit,KN\n",
-    "P=80                                              #Load for extension of o.25mm , KN\n",
-    "delta=float(0.25)                                 #extension in specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "L=200                                             #gauge length of specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "Finalextension=float(56)                         #total extension at fracture,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=(pi*pow(d,2))/4                                 #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Area=\", round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stressatelasticlimit=Loadatelasticlimit*1000/A    #Stress at elastic limit,N/mm^2 \n",
-    "print \"Stress at elastic limit=\",round(Stressatelasticlimit,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000/A)*(delta*L)                            #Young’s modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus E=\", round(E,2),\"N/mm^22\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Percentageelongation=Finalextension*100/L       #percentage elongation,%\n",
-    "print \"Percentage elongation=\", round(Percentageelongation,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Initialarea=(pi*pow(d,2))/4\n",
-    "Finalarea=(pi*pow(15,2))/4                     # total extension at fracture is 56 mm and diameter at neck is 15 mm.\n",
-    "Percentagereductioninarea=(Initialarea-Finalarea)*100/Initialarea\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Percentage reduction in area=\",round(Percentagereductioninarea,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "UltimateLoad=130                               #Maximum Load=130,kN\n",
-    "UltimateTensileStress=UltimateLoad/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ultimate Tensile Stress=\",round(UltimateTensileStress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.5 Page number247\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 56277.19 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=150                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=250                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*pow(20,2)/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L3=150                          #length of 3rd portion,mm\n",
-    "A3=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 3rd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2+Extension of portion 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2)+(P*1000*L3/A3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.6 Page number247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total extension of the bar= 0.5125 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=40*20                        #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E1=200000          # material 1  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "E2=100000          # material 2  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2=800                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=30*20                        #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Extensionofportion1=(P*1000*L1)/(A1*E1)  #mm\n",
-    "Extensionofportion2=(P*1000*L2)/(A2*E2)  #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Totalextensionofthebar= Extensionofportion1 + Extensionofportion2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Total extension of the bar=\",round(Totalextensionofthebar,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.7 Page number248\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 200735.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                                      #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(30,2)/4                           #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=400                                      #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*(pow(30,2)-pow(10,2))/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=float(0.222)                              #Total extension of the bar,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=((P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2))/T \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.10 Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 0.2113 mm\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n",
-      "delta2= 0.48 mm^2\n",
-      "Percentage error= 55.977 %\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=10                    #steel flat thickness,mm\n",
-    "b1=float(60)                   #tapering from b1 to b2\n",
-    "b2=40\n",
-    "L=600                   #steel flat length\n",
-    "P=float(80)                    #Load,KN\n",
-    "E=2*100000              #Young's Modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of the tapering bar of rectangular section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L*math.log((b1/b2),10))/(t*E*(b1-b2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If averages cross-section is considered instead of tapering cross-section, extension is given by \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aav=(b1+b2)*t/2                    #mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*L)/(Aav*E)                #mm\n",
-    "print\"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta2-delta1)*100/delta2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Percentage error=\",round(P,3),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.11 page number251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 1.194 mm\n",
-      "delta2= 0.265 mm\n",
-      "Total extension 1.459 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(200)                     #loading,KN\n",
-    "E=200*1000\n",
-    "d1=40                #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "A= pi*pow(d1,2)/4         #Area of uniform portion,mm^2 \n",
-    "L1=1500                    #length of uniform portion,mm \n",
-    "d2=60                      #diameter of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "L2=500                     #length of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "#Extensions of uniform portion and tapering portion are worked out separately and then added to get extension of the given bar. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of uniform portion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L1)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*4*L2)/(E*pi*d1*d2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=delta1 + delta2 \n",
-    "print \"Total extension\",round(T,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.13 page number259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Poisson's ratio= 0.3\n",
-      "E= 203718.33 N/mm^2\n",
-      "G= 78353.2 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 169765.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(60)               #load,KN\n",
-    "d=float(25)               #diameter,mm\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4    #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(200)              #gauge length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=0.12         #extension,mm\n",
-    "deltad=0.0045      #contraction in diameter,mm\n",
-    "Linearstrain=delta/L\n",
-    "Lateralstrain=deltad/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pr=Lateralstrain/Linearstrain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's ratio=\",round(Pr,1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L)/(A*delta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))                      #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\",round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-(2*Pr)))                 #bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\",round(K,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.14 page number 260"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "G= 76923.1 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 166666.67 N/mm^2\n",
-      "change in volume 60.0 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pr=float(0.3)                   #poisson's ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))           #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*(Pr)))        #Bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\", round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\", round(K,2), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=60                           #Load,kN\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stress=P*1000/A                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#Linear strain,ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=Stress/E\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Lateralstrain,ey,ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ey=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "ez=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#volumetric strain,ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=pi*pow(25,2)*500/4\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"change in volume\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.15 page number261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in volume= 10.8 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "# Let the x, y, z be the mutually perpendicular directions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=float(0.3)\n",
-    "PX=float(15)                        #Loading in x-direction,KN\n",
-    "PY=float(80)                        #Loading in Y-direction(compressive),KN\n",
-    "PZ=float(180)                       #Loading in Z-direction,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Area in X-,Y-,Z-Direction is AX,AY,AZ respectively,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AX=float(10*30)\n",
-    "AY=float(10*400)\n",
-    "AZ=float(30*400)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#stress devoloped in X-,Y-,Z- direction as px,py,pz respectively,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=PX*1000/AX\n",
-    "py=PY*1000/AY\n",
-    "pz=PZ*1000/AZ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Noting that a stress produces a strain of p/E in its own direction, the nature being same as that of stress and µ p E in lateral direction of opposite nature, and taking tensile stress as +ve, we can write expression for strains ex, ey, ez.\n",
-    "E=2*100000                       #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=(px/E)+(pr*py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ey=(-pr*px/E)-(py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ez=(-pr*px/E)+(pr*py/E)+(pz/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez                 #Volumetric strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "volume=10*30*400\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*volume\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Change in volume=\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.17 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poisson's Ratio= 0.346\n",
-      "Bulk modulus= 227500.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2.1*100000)         #Young’s modulus of the material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "G=float(0.78*100000)        #modulus of rigidity,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"poisson's Ratio=\",round(pr,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*pr))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Bulk modulus=\",round(K,3),\"N/mm^2\" "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.18 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Young's modulus= 102857.143 N\n",
-      "Poisson's Ratio 0.2857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=float(0.4*100000)      #modulus of rigidity of material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "K=float(0.8*100000)      #bulk modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(9*G*K)/(3*K+G)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus=\",round(E,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's Ratio\",round(pr,4)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.19 page number 264"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stress in aluminium strip= 23.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in steel strip= 46.15 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Extension of the compound bar= 0.138 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(600)                   #compound bar of length,mm\n",
-    "P=float(60)                    #compound bar when axial tensile force ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=float(40*20)                #area of aluminium strip,mm^2\n",
-    "As=float(60*15)                #area of steel strip,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=1*100000             # elastic modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=2*100000             # elastic modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#load shared by aluminium strip be Pa and that shared by steel be Ps. Then from equilibrium condition Pa+Ps=P\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition, deltaAL=deltaS\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sias=Pa/Aa\n",
-    "print \"Stress in aluminium strip=\",round(Sias,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "Siss=Ps/As\n",
-    "print \"Stress in steel strip=\",round(Siss,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=600\n",
-    "#Extension of the compound bar \n",
-    "deltal=(Pa*L)/(Aa*Ea)\n",
-    "print\"Extension of the compound bar=\",round(deltal,3),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.20 page number 265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Copper= 75.76 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 126.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel rod ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)            #Young's modulus of copper tube,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "di=float(25)                           #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                           #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(di,2)/4               #Area of steel rod,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4   #Area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "P=120                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel rod and Pc is the load shared by the copper tube.\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in copper, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Copper=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.21 page number 266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Concrete= 4.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 81.2 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Es/Ec=18(given)\n",
-    "Er=float(18)                #young modulus ratio Er=Es/Ec\n",
-    "d=float(16)                           #steel bar diameter,mm\n",
-    "#8 steel bars\n",
-    "As=8*pi*pow(d,2)/4               #Area of steel bar,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=(300*500)-As                      #Area of concrete,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=800                           #Compressive force, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel bar and Pc is the load shared by the Concrete\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Er)/(Ac)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Er)/(Ac))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in Concrete, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Concrete=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.22 page number 267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Aluminium= 66.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 89.29 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel  ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ea=float(1*100000)            #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ls=240                        #length of steel,mm\n",
-    "La=160                        #length of aluminium,mm\n",
-    "Aa=1200               #Area of aluminium,mm^2\n",
-    "As=1000               #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "P=250                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+2Pa=P,et force shared by each aluminium pillar be Pa and that shared by steel pillar be Ps. \n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(2+((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIA=Pa/Aa            #stress in aluminium, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Aluminium=\",round(SIA,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.23 page number 268\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ps= 91.73 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pc= 44.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the force shared by bolt be Ps and that by tube be Pc. Since there is no external force, static equilibrium condition gives Ps + Pc = 0 or Ps = – Pc i.e., the two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in nature. Obviously bolt is in tension and tube is in compression.\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of force be P. Due to quarter turn of the nut\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[Note. Pitch means advancement of nut in one full turn] \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ls=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "Lc=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "delta=float(0.5)\n",
-    "ds=float(20)                       #diameter,mm\n",
-    "di=float(28)                       #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                       #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)                 #Young's modulus, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(ds,2)/4                  #area of steel bolt,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4      #area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta*(1/Ls))/((1/(As*Es))+(1/(Ac*Ec))) #Load,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As                          #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "pc=P/Ac                          #copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ps=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"pc=\",round(pc,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.24 page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) p= 52.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      "(b) p= 27.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      " (iii) delta= 1.968 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)       #expansion coeffecient,/°c\n",
-    "L=float(12)                     #length,m\n",
-    "t=float(40-18)                  #temperature difference,°c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L*1000          #free expansion of the rails,mm    \n",
-    "# Provide a minimum gap of 3.168 mm between the rails, so that temperature stresses do not develop\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "# a) If no expansion joint is provided, free expansion prevented is equal to 3.168 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#delta=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(delta*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) p=\", round(p1,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) If a gap of 1.5 mm is provided, free expansion prevented delta2 = 3.168 – 1.5 = 1.668 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=1.668       #mm\n",
-    "#delta2=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(delta2*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) p=\", round(p2,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If the stress developed is 20 N/mm2, then p = P/ A\n",
-    "p3=20                      #stress developed,N/mm^2\n",
-    "delta3=delta-(p3*L*1000/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" (iii) delta=\",round(delta3,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.25 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress p= 360.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let D be the diameter of ring after heating and ‘d’ be its diameter before heating\n",
-    "D=float(1.2*1000)                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Circumference of ring after heating Ca= pi*D & Circumference of ring before heating Cb= pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ca=pi*D\n",
-    "Cb=pi*d\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)            #coefficient of expansion,/°C\n",
-    "t=150                             #temperature change,°C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                        #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "d=(Ca-Cb)/(alphas*t*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when it cools expansion prevented\n",
-    "#delta=pi*(D-d)\n",
-    "delta=alphas*t*pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(delta*Es)/(pi*d)              #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.26 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 12907.3 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=70*1000              #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=200*1000             #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alphaa=float(0.000011)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=600                  #Area of aluminium portion,mm^2\n",
-    "As=400                  #Area of steel, mm^2\n",
-    "La=float(1.5)                  #length of aluminium portion,m\n",
-    "Ls=float(3.0)                  #length of steel portion,m\n",
-    "t=18                           #temperature,°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=(alphaa*t*La*1000)+(alphas*t*Ls*1000)      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta)/(((La*1000)/(Aa*Ea))+((Ls*1000)/(As*Es)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\" ,round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.27 page number 273"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding maximum stress =  120.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=float(25)                 # variation linearly in diameter from 25 mm to 50 mm \n",
-    "d2=float(50)\n",
-    "L=float(500)                 #length,mm\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)        #expansion coeffecient,/°C\n",
-    "t=25                  #rise in temperture,°C\n",
-    "E=2*100000            #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If P is the force developed by supports, then it can cause a contraction of 4*P*L/(pi*d1*d2*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta*pi*d1*d2*E)/(4*L)\n",
-    "Am=pi*pow(d1,2)/4\n",
-    "Ms=P/Am\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Corresponding maximum stress = \",round(Ms,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.28 page number 275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in steel= 12.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in brass= 36.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Shear stress in pin 18.26 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Db=float(20)                     #diameter of brass rod,mm\n",
-    "Dse=float(40)                    #external diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Dsi=float(20)                    #internal diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000 )              #Young's modulus steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Eb=float(1*100000 )              #Young's modulus brass, N/mm^2\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.0000116)          #coeffcient of expansion of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphab=float(0.0000187)          #coeffcient of expansion of brass,/°C\n",
-    "t=60                             #raise in temperature, °C\n",
-    "As=pi*(pow(Dse,2)-pow(Dsi,2))/4  #Area of steel tube, mm^2\n",
-    "Ab=pi*(pow(Db,2))/4                #Area of brass rod,mm^2\n",
-    "L=1200                           #length,mm\n",
-    "#Since free expansion of brass  is more than free expansion of steel , compressive force Pb develops in brass and tensile force Ps develops in steel to keep the final position at CC \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Horizontal equilibrium condition gives Pb = Ps, say P. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=((alphab-alphas)*t*L)/((L/(As*Es))+(L/(Ab*Eb)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As\n",
-    "pb=P/Ab\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in steel=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Stress in brass=\",round(pb,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the pin resist the force P at the two cross- sections at junction of two bars.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Shearstress=P/(2*Ab)\n",
-    "print \"Shear stress in pin\",round(Shearstress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.29 page number 276"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n",
-      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(1000)                     #length of the bar at normal temperature,mm\n",
-    "As=float(50*10)                   #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=float(40*5)                    #Area of copper,mm^2\n",
-    "#Ac = Free expansion of copper  is greater than free expansion of steel  . To bring them to the same position, tensile force Ps acts on steel plate and compressive force Pc acts on each copper plate. \n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)                   #Expansion of coeffcient of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphac=float(0.000017 )                  #Expansion of coeffcient of copper,/°C\n",
-    "t=80                              #raise by temperature, °C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                       #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=1*100000                       #Young's modulus of copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pc=((alphac-alphas)*t*L)/((2*L/(As*Es)) +(L/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=2*Pc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pc=Pc/Ac                          #Stress in copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "ps=Ps/As                          #Stress in steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinlength=alphas*t*L+(Ps*L/(As*Es))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##example 8.30 page number 278\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=float(2)                   #internal pressure, N/mm^2\n",
-    "t=12                   #thickness of thin cylinder,mm\n",
-    "D=float(1000)                 #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=(p*D)/(2*t)          #Hoop stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_CCZqXKR.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_CCZqXKR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1204506a..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_CCZqXKR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1325 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter8-SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.1 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "sectional area= 201.06 mm^2\n",
-      "stress= 198.94 N/mm^2\n",
-      "strain= 0.000994718394324 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 0.497 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40000)               #Load,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)              #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=500              #length of circular rod,mm\n",
-    "d=float(16)               #diameter of rod,mm\n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=(pi*(pow(d,2)))/4   #sectional area, mm^2\n",
-    "p=P/A                 #stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "e=p/E                 #strain\n",
-    "delta=(P*L)/(A*E)     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sectional area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"strain=\",e,\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.2 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "area= 11.25 mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 1.6 mm\n",
-      "Hence, if measured length is 30.0 m.\n",
-      "Actual length is 30.0016 m\n",
-      "Actual length of line AB= 150.008 m.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(120)              # force applied during measurement,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)           #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(30)            #length of  Surveyor’s steel tape,mm\n",
-    "              \n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=15*0.75             #area, mm^2\n",
-    "delta=((P*L*1000)/(A*E))     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, if measured length is\", L,\"m.\"\n",
-    "print \"Actual length is\" ,round((L+(delta/1000)),6),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Actual length of line AB=\",round((150*(L+(delta/1000))/30),3),\"m.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.3 Page number 244\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Therefore, permissible stress\n",
-      "p= 142.857 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Load P= 160000.0 N\n",
-      "A= 1120.0 mm^2\n",
-      "d= 94.32 mm\n",
-      "t= 3.64 mm\n",
-      "Hence, use of light section is recommended.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=float(250)                 #Yield stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "FOS=float(1.75)              #Factor of safety\n",
-    "P=float(160)                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=Y/FOS\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Therefore, permissible stress\"\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,3), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Load P=\",P*1000,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=P/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=P*1000/p           #area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"A=\",round(A),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#For hollow section of outer diameter ‘D’ and inner diameter ‘d’ A=pi*(D^2-d^2)/4\n",
-    "D=float(101.6)        #outer diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(pow(D,2)-(4*A/pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=(D-d)/2\n",
-    "print \"t=\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, use of light section is recommended.\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.4 page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Area= 314.16 mm^2\n",
-      "Stress at elastic limit= 324.68 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Young's modulus E= 12732.4 N/mm^22\n",
-      "Percentage elongation= 28.0 %\n",
-      "Percentage reduction in area= 43.75 %\n",
-      "Ultimate Tensile Stress= 0.41 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(20)                                       #Diameter ,mm\n",
-    "Loadatelasticlimit=float(102)                  #Load at elastic limit,KN\n",
-    "P=80                                              #Load for extension of o.25mm , KN\n",
-    "delta=float(0.25)                                 #extension in specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "L=200                                             #gauge length of specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "Finalextension=float(56)                         #total extension at fracture,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=(pi*pow(d,2))/4                                 #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Area=\", round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stressatelasticlimit=Loadatelasticlimit*1000/A    #Stress at elastic limit,N/mm^2 \n",
-    "print \"Stress at elastic limit=\",round(Stressatelasticlimit,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000/A)*(delta*L)                            #Young’s modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus E=\", round(E,2),\"N/mm^22\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Percentageelongation=Finalextension*100/L       #percentage elongation,%\n",
-    "print \"Percentage elongation=\", round(Percentageelongation,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Initialarea=(pi*pow(d,2))/4\n",
-    "Finalarea=(pi*pow(15,2))/4                     # total extension at fracture is 56 mm and diameter at neck is 15 mm.\n",
-    "Percentagereductioninarea=(Initialarea-Finalarea)*100/Initialarea\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Percentage reduction in area=\",round(Percentagereductioninarea,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "UltimateLoad=130                               #Maximum Load=130,kN\n",
-    "UltimateTensileStress=UltimateLoad/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ultimate Tensile Stress=\",round(UltimateTensileStress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.5 Page number247\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 56277.19 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=150                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=250                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*pow(20,2)/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L3=150                          #length of 3rd portion,mm\n",
-    "A3=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 3rd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2+Extension of portion 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2)+(P*1000*L3/A3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.6 Page number247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total extension of the bar= 0.5125 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=40*20                        #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E1=200000          # material 1  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "E2=100000          # material 2  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2=800                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=30*20                        #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Extensionofportion1=(P*1000*L1)/(A1*E1)  #mm\n",
-    "Extensionofportion2=(P*1000*L2)/(A2*E2)  #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Totalextensionofthebar= Extensionofportion1 + Extensionofportion2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Total extension of the bar=\",round(Totalextensionofthebar,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.7 Page number248\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 200735.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                                      #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(30,2)/4                           #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=400                                      #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*(pow(30,2)-pow(10,2))/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=float(0.222)                              #Total extension of the bar,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=((P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2))/T \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.10 Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 0.2113 mm\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n",
-      "delta2= 0.48 mm^2\n",
-      "Percentage error= 55.977 %\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=10                    #steel flat thickness,mm\n",
-    "b1=float(60)                   #tapering from b1 to b2\n",
-    "b2=40\n",
-    "L=600                   #steel flat length\n",
-    "P=float(80)                    #Load,KN\n",
-    "E=2*100000              #Young's Modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of the tapering bar of rectangular section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L*math.log((b1/b2),10))/(t*E*(b1-b2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If averages cross-section is considered instead of tapering cross-section, extension is given by \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aav=(b1+b2)*t/2                    #mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*L)/(Aav*E)                #mm\n",
-    "print\"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta2-delta1)*100/delta2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Percentage error=\",round(P,3),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.11 page number251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 1.194 mm\n",
-      "delta2= 0.265 mm\n",
-      "Total extension 1.459 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(200)                     #loading,KN\n",
-    "E=200*1000\n",
-    "d1=40                #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "A= pi*pow(d1,2)/4         #Area of uniform portion,mm^2 \n",
-    "L1=1500                    #length of uniform portion,mm \n",
-    "d2=60                      #diameter of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "L2=500                     #length of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "#Extensions of uniform portion and tapering portion are worked out separately and then added to get extension of the given bar. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of uniform portion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L1)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*4*L2)/(E*pi*d1*d2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=delta1 + delta2 \n",
-    "print \"Total extension\",round(T,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.13 page number259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Poisson's ratio= 0.3\n",
-      "E= 203718.33 N/mm^2\n",
-      "G= 78353.2 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 169765.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(60)               #load,KN\n",
-    "d=float(25)               #diameter,mm\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4    #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(200)              #gauge length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=0.12         #extension,mm\n",
-    "deltad=0.0045      #contraction in diameter,mm\n",
-    "Linearstrain=delta/L\n",
-    "Lateralstrain=deltad/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pr=Lateralstrain/Linearstrain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's ratio=\",round(Pr,1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L)/(A*delta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))                      #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\",round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-(2*Pr)))                 #bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\",round(K,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.14 page number 260"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "G= 76923.1 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 166666.67 N/mm^2\n",
-      "change in volume 60.0 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pr=float(0.3)                   #poisson's ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))           #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*(Pr)))        #Bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\", round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\", round(K,2), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=60                           #Load,kN\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stress=P*1000/A                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#Linear strain,ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=Stress/E\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Lateralstrain,ey,ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ey=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "ez=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#volumetric strain,ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=pi*pow(25,2)*500/4\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"change in volume\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.15 page number261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in volume= 10.8 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "# Let the x, y, z be the mutually perpendicular directions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=float(0.3)\n",
-    "PX=float(15)                        #Loading in x-direction,KN\n",
-    "PY=float(80)                        #Loading in Y-direction(compressive),KN\n",
-    "PZ=float(180)                       #Loading in Z-direction,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Area in X-,Y-,Z-Direction is AX,AY,AZ respectively,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AX=float(10*30)\n",
-    "AY=float(10*400)\n",
-    "AZ=float(30*400)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#stress devoloped in X-,Y-,Z- direction as px,py,pz respectively,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=PX*1000/AX\n",
-    "py=PY*1000/AY\n",
-    "pz=PZ*1000/AZ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Noting that a stress produces a strain of p/E in its own direction, the nature being same as that of stress and µ p E in lateral direction of opposite nature, and taking tensile stress as +ve, we can write expression for strains ex, ey, ez.\n",
-    "E=2*100000                       #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=(px/E)+(pr*py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ey=(-pr*px/E)-(py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ez=(-pr*px/E)+(pr*py/E)+(pz/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez                 #Volumetric strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "volume=10*30*400\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*volume\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Change in volume=\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.17 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poisson's Ratio= 0.346\n",
-      "Bulk modulus= 227500.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2.1*100000)         #Young’s modulus of the material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "G=float(0.78*100000)        #modulus of rigidity,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"poisson's Ratio=\",round(pr,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*pr))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Bulk modulus=\",round(K,3),\"N/mm^2\" "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.18 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Young's modulus= 102857.143 N\n",
-      "Poisson's Ratio 0.2857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=float(0.4*100000)      #modulus of rigidity of material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "K=float(0.8*100000)      #bulk modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(9*G*K)/(3*K+G)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus=\",round(E,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's Ratio\",round(pr,4)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.19 page number 264"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stress in aluminium strip= 23.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in steel strip= 46.15 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Extension of the compound bar= 0.138 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(600)                   #compound bar of length,mm\n",
-    "P=float(60)                    #compound bar when axial tensile force ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=float(40*20)                #area of aluminium strip,mm^2\n",
-    "As=float(60*15)                #area of steel strip,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=1*100000             # elastic modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=2*100000             # elastic modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#load shared by aluminium strip be Pa and that shared by steel be Ps. Then from equilibrium condition Pa+Ps=P\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition, deltaAL=deltaS\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sias=Pa/Aa\n",
-    "print \"Stress in aluminium strip=\",round(Sias,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "Siss=Ps/As\n",
-    "print \"Stress in steel strip=\",round(Siss,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=600\n",
-    "#Extension of the compound bar \n",
-    "deltal=(Pa*L)/(Aa*Ea)\n",
-    "print\"Extension of the compound bar=\",round(deltal,3),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.20 page number 265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Copper= 75.76 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 126.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel rod ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)            #Young's modulus of copper tube,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "di=float(25)                           #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                           #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(di,2)/4               #Area of steel rod,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4   #Area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "P=120                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel rod and Pc is the load shared by the copper tube.\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in copper, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Copper=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.21 page number 266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Concrete= 4.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 81.2 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Es/Ec=18(given)\n",
-    "Er=float(18)                #young modulus ratio Er=Es/Ec\n",
-    "d=float(16)                           #steel bar diameter,mm\n",
-    "#8 steel bars\n",
-    "As=8*pi*pow(d,2)/4               #Area of steel bar,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=(300*500)-As                      #Area of concrete,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=800                           #Compressive force, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel bar and Pc is the load shared by the Concrete\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Er)/(Ac)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Er)/(Ac))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in Concrete, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Concrete=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.22 page number 267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Aluminium= 66.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 89.29 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel  ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ea=float(1*100000)            #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ls=240                        #length of steel,mm\n",
-    "La=160                        #length of aluminium,mm\n",
-    "Aa=1200               #Area of aluminium,mm^2\n",
-    "As=1000               #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "P=250                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+2Pa=P,et force shared by each aluminium pillar be Pa and that shared by steel pillar be Ps. \n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(2+((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIA=Pa/Aa            #stress in aluminium, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Aluminium=\",round(SIA,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.23 page number 268\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ps= 91.73 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pc= 44.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the force shared by bolt be Ps and that by tube be Pc. Since there is no external force, static equilibrium condition gives Ps + Pc = 0 or Ps = – Pc i.e., the two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in nature. Obviously bolt is in tension and tube is in compression.\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of force be P. Due to quarter turn of the nut\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[Note. Pitch means advancement of nut in one full turn] \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ls=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "Lc=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "delta=float(0.5)\n",
-    "ds=float(20)                       #diameter,mm\n",
-    "di=float(28)                       #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                       #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)                 #Young's modulus, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(ds,2)/4                  #area of steel bolt,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4      #area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta*(1/Ls))/((1/(As*Es))+(1/(Ac*Ec))) #Load,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As                          #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "pc=P/Ac                          #copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ps=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"pc=\",round(pc,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.24 page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) p= 52.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      "(b) p= 27.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      " (iii) delta= 1.968 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)       #expansion coeffecient,/°c\n",
-    "L=float(12)                     #length,m\n",
-    "t=float(40-18)                  #temperature difference,°c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L*1000          #free expansion of the rails,mm    \n",
-    "# Provide a minimum gap of 3.168 mm between the rails, so that temperature stresses do not develop\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "# a) If no expansion joint is provided, free expansion prevented is equal to 3.168 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#delta=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(delta*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) p=\", round(p1,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) If a gap of 1.5 mm is provided, free expansion prevented delta2 = 3.168 – 1.5 = 1.668 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=1.668       #mm\n",
-    "#delta2=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(delta2*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) p=\", round(p2,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If the stress developed is 20 N/mm2, then p = P/ A\n",
-    "p3=20                      #stress developed,N/mm^2\n",
-    "delta3=delta-(p3*L*1000/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" (iii) delta=\",round(delta3,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.25 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress p= 360.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let D be the diameter of ring after heating and ‘d’ be its diameter before heating\n",
-    "D=float(1.2*1000)                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Circumference of ring after heating Ca= pi*D & Circumference of ring before heating Cb= pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ca=pi*D\n",
-    "Cb=pi*d\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)            #coefficient of expansion,/°C\n",
-    "t=150                             #temperature change,°C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                        #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "d=(Ca-Cb)/(alphas*t*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when it cools expansion prevented\n",
-    "#delta=pi*(D-d)\n",
-    "delta=alphas*t*pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(delta*Es)/(pi*d)              #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.26 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 12907.3 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=70*1000              #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=200*1000             #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alphaa=float(0.000011)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=600                  #Area of aluminium portion,mm^2\n",
-    "As=400                  #Area of steel, mm^2\n",
-    "La=float(1.5)                  #length of aluminium portion,m\n",
-    "Ls=float(3.0)                  #length of steel portion,m\n",
-    "t=18                           #temperature,°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=(alphaa*t*La*1000)+(alphas*t*Ls*1000)      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta)/(((La*1000)/(Aa*Ea))+((Ls*1000)/(As*Es)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\" ,round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.27 page number 273"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding maximum stress =  120.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=float(25)                 # variation linearly in diameter from 25 mm to 50 mm \n",
-    "d2=float(50)\n",
-    "L=float(500)                 #length,mm\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)        #expansion coeffecient,/°C\n",
-    "t=25                  #rise in temperture,°C\n",
-    "E=2*100000            #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If P is the force developed by supports, then it can cause a contraction of 4*P*L/(pi*d1*d2*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta*pi*d1*d2*E)/(4*L)\n",
-    "Am=pi*pow(d1,2)/4\n",
-    "Ms=P/Am\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Corresponding maximum stress = \",round(Ms,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.28 page number 275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in steel= 12.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in brass= 36.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Shear stress in pin 18.26 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Db=float(20)                     #diameter of brass rod,mm\n",
-    "Dse=float(40)                    #external diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Dsi=float(20)                    #internal diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000 )              #Young's modulus steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Eb=float(1*100000 )              #Young's modulus brass, N/mm^2\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.0000116)          #coeffcient of expansion of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphab=float(0.0000187)          #coeffcient of expansion of brass,/°C\n",
-    "t=60                             #raise in temperature, °C\n",
-    "As=pi*(pow(Dse,2)-pow(Dsi,2))/4  #Area of steel tube, mm^2\n",
-    "Ab=pi*(pow(Db,2))/4                #Area of brass rod,mm^2\n",
-    "L=1200                           #length,mm\n",
-    "#Since free expansion of brass  is more than free expansion of steel , compressive force Pb develops in brass and tensile force Ps develops in steel to keep the final position at CC \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Horizontal equilibrium condition gives Pb = Ps, say P. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=((alphab-alphas)*t*L)/((L/(As*Es))+(L/(Ab*Eb)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As\n",
-    "pb=P/Ab\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in steel=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Stress in brass=\",round(pb,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the pin resist the force P at the two cross- sections at junction of two bars.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Shearstress=P/(2*Ab)\n",
-    "print \"Shear stress in pin\",round(Shearstress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.29 page number 276"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n",
-      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(1000)                     #length of the bar at normal temperature,mm\n",
-    "As=float(50*10)                   #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=float(40*5)                    #Area of copper,mm^2\n",
-    "#Ac = Free expansion of copper  is greater than free expansion of steel  . To bring them to the same position, tensile force Ps acts on steel plate and compressive force Pc acts on each copper plate. \n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)                   #Expansion of coeffcient of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphac=float(0.000017 )                  #Expansion of coeffcient of copper,/°C\n",
-    "t=80                              #raise by temperature, °C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                       #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=1*100000                       #Young's modulus of copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pc=((alphac-alphas)*t*L)/((2*L/(As*Es)) +(L/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=2*Pc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pc=Pc/Ac                          #Stress in copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "ps=Ps/As                          #Stress in steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinlength=alphas*t*L+(Ps*L/(As*Es))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##example 8.30 page number 278\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=float(2)                   #internal pressure, N/mm^2\n",
-    "t=12                   #thickness of thin cylinder,mm\n",
-    "D=float(1000)                 #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=(p*D)/(2*t)          #Hoop stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_FV7Jgrb.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_FV7Jgrb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1204506a..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_FV7Jgrb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1325 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter8-SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.1 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "sectional area= 201.06 mm^2\n",
-      "stress= 198.94 N/mm^2\n",
-      "strain= 0.000994718394324 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 0.497 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40000)               #Load,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)              #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=500              #length of circular rod,mm\n",
-    "d=float(16)               #diameter of rod,mm\n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=(pi*(pow(d,2)))/4   #sectional area, mm^2\n",
-    "p=P/A                 #stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "e=p/E                 #strain\n",
-    "delta=(P*L)/(A*E)     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sectional area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"strain=\",e,\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.2 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "area= 11.25 mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 1.6 mm\n",
-      "Hence, if measured length is 30.0 m.\n",
-      "Actual length is 30.0016 m\n",
-      "Actual length of line AB= 150.008 m.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(120)              # force applied during measurement,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)           #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(30)            #length of  Surveyor’s steel tape,mm\n",
-    "              \n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=15*0.75             #area, mm^2\n",
-    "delta=((P*L*1000)/(A*E))     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, if measured length is\", L,\"m.\"\n",
-    "print \"Actual length is\" ,round((L+(delta/1000)),6),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Actual length of line AB=\",round((150*(L+(delta/1000))/30),3),\"m.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.3 Page number 244\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Therefore, permissible stress\n",
-      "p= 142.857 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Load P= 160000.0 N\n",
-      "A= 1120.0 mm^2\n",
-      "d= 94.32 mm\n",
-      "t= 3.64 mm\n",
-      "Hence, use of light section is recommended.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=float(250)                 #Yield stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "FOS=float(1.75)              #Factor of safety\n",
-    "P=float(160)                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=Y/FOS\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Therefore, permissible stress\"\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,3), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Load P=\",P*1000,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=P/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=P*1000/p           #area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"A=\",round(A),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#For hollow section of outer diameter ‘D’ and inner diameter ‘d’ A=pi*(D^2-d^2)/4\n",
-    "D=float(101.6)        #outer diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(pow(D,2)-(4*A/pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=(D-d)/2\n",
-    "print \"t=\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, use of light section is recommended.\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.4 page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Area= 314.16 mm^2\n",
-      "Stress at elastic limit= 324.68 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Young's modulus E= 12732.4 N/mm^22\n",
-      "Percentage elongation= 28.0 %\n",
-      "Percentage reduction in area= 43.75 %\n",
-      "Ultimate Tensile Stress= 0.41 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(20)                                       #Diameter ,mm\n",
-    "Loadatelasticlimit=float(102)                  #Load at elastic limit,KN\n",
-    "P=80                                              #Load for extension of o.25mm , KN\n",
-    "delta=float(0.25)                                 #extension in specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "L=200                                             #gauge length of specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "Finalextension=float(56)                         #total extension at fracture,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=(pi*pow(d,2))/4                                 #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Area=\", round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stressatelasticlimit=Loadatelasticlimit*1000/A    #Stress at elastic limit,N/mm^2 \n",
-    "print \"Stress at elastic limit=\",round(Stressatelasticlimit,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000/A)*(delta*L)                            #Young’s modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus E=\", round(E,2),\"N/mm^22\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Percentageelongation=Finalextension*100/L       #percentage elongation,%\n",
-    "print \"Percentage elongation=\", round(Percentageelongation,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Initialarea=(pi*pow(d,2))/4\n",
-    "Finalarea=(pi*pow(15,2))/4                     # total extension at fracture is 56 mm and diameter at neck is 15 mm.\n",
-    "Percentagereductioninarea=(Initialarea-Finalarea)*100/Initialarea\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Percentage reduction in area=\",round(Percentagereductioninarea,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "UltimateLoad=130                               #Maximum Load=130,kN\n",
-    "UltimateTensileStress=UltimateLoad/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ultimate Tensile Stress=\",round(UltimateTensileStress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.5 Page number247\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 56277.19 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=150                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=250                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*pow(20,2)/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L3=150                          #length of 3rd portion,mm\n",
-    "A3=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 3rd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2+Extension of portion 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2)+(P*1000*L3/A3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.6 Page number247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total extension of the bar= 0.5125 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=40*20                        #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E1=200000          # material 1  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "E2=100000          # material 2  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2=800                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=30*20                        #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Extensionofportion1=(P*1000*L1)/(A1*E1)  #mm\n",
-    "Extensionofportion2=(P*1000*L2)/(A2*E2)  #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Totalextensionofthebar= Extensionofportion1 + Extensionofportion2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Total extension of the bar=\",round(Totalextensionofthebar,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.7 Page number248\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 200735.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                                      #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(30,2)/4                           #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=400                                      #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*(pow(30,2)-pow(10,2))/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=float(0.222)                              #Total extension of the bar,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=((P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2))/T \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.10 Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 0.2113 mm\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n",
-      "delta2= 0.48 mm^2\n",
-      "Percentage error= 55.977 %\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=10                    #steel flat thickness,mm\n",
-    "b1=float(60)                   #tapering from b1 to b2\n",
-    "b2=40\n",
-    "L=600                   #steel flat length\n",
-    "P=float(80)                    #Load,KN\n",
-    "E=2*100000              #Young's Modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of the tapering bar of rectangular section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L*math.log((b1/b2),10))/(t*E*(b1-b2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If averages cross-section is considered instead of tapering cross-section, extension is given by \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aav=(b1+b2)*t/2                    #mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*L)/(Aav*E)                #mm\n",
-    "print\"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta2-delta1)*100/delta2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Percentage error=\",round(P,3),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.11 page number251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 1.194 mm\n",
-      "delta2= 0.265 mm\n",
-      "Total extension 1.459 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(200)                     #loading,KN\n",
-    "E=200*1000\n",
-    "d1=40                #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "A= pi*pow(d1,2)/4         #Area of uniform portion,mm^2 \n",
-    "L1=1500                    #length of uniform portion,mm \n",
-    "d2=60                      #diameter of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "L2=500                     #length of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "#Extensions of uniform portion and tapering portion are worked out separately and then added to get extension of the given bar. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of uniform portion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L1)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*4*L2)/(E*pi*d1*d2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=delta1 + delta2 \n",
-    "print \"Total extension\",round(T,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.13 page number259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Poisson's ratio= 0.3\n",
-      "E= 203718.33 N/mm^2\n",
-      "G= 78353.2 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 169765.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(60)               #load,KN\n",
-    "d=float(25)               #diameter,mm\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4    #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(200)              #gauge length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=0.12         #extension,mm\n",
-    "deltad=0.0045      #contraction in diameter,mm\n",
-    "Linearstrain=delta/L\n",
-    "Lateralstrain=deltad/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pr=Lateralstrain/Linearstrain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's ratio=\",round(Pr,1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L)/(A*delta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))                      #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\",round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-(2*Pr)))                 #bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\",round(K,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.14 page number 260"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "G= 76923.1 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 166666.67 N/mm^2\n",
-      "change in volume 60.0 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pr=float(0.3)                   #poisson's ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))           #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*(Pr)))        #Bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\", round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\", round(K,2), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=60                           #Load,kN\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stress=P*1000/A                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#Linear strain,ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=Stress/E\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Lateralstrain,ey,ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ey=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "ez=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#volumetric strain,ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=pi*pow(25,2)*500/4\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"change in volume\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.15 page number261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in volume= 10.8 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "# Let the x, y, z be the mutually perpendicular directions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=float(0.3)\n",
-    "PX=float(15)                        #Loading in x-direction,KN\n",
-    "PY=float(80)                        #Loading in Y-direction(compressive),KN\n",
-    "PZ=float(180)                       #Loading in Z-direction,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Area in X-,Y-,Z-Direction is AX,AY,AZ respectively,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AX=float(10*30)\n",
-    "AY=float(10*400)\n",
-    "AZ=float(30*400)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#stress devoloped in X-,Y-,Z- direction as px,py,pz respectively,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=PX*1000/AX\n",
-    "py=PY*1000/AY\n",
-    "pz=PZ*1000/AZ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Noting that a stress produces a strain of p/E in its own direction, the nature being same as that of stress and µ p E in lateral direction of opposite nature, and taking tensile stress as +ve, we can write expression for strains ex, ey, ez.\n",
-    "E=2*100000                       #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=(px/E)+(pr*py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ey=(-pr*px/E)-(py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ez=(-pr*px/E)+(pr*py/E)+(pz/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez                 #Volumetric strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "volume=10*30*400\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*volume\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Change in volume=\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.17 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poisson's Ratio= 0.346\n",
-      "Bulk modulus= 227500.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2.1*100000)         #Young’s modulus of the material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "G=float(0.78*100000)        #modulus of rigidity,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"poisson's Ratio=\",round(pr,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*pr))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Bulk modulus=\",round(K,3),\"N/mm^2\" "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.18 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Young's modulus= 102857.143 N\n",
-      "Poisson's Ratio 0.2857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=float(0.4*100000)      #modulus of rigidity of material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "K=float(0.8*100000)      #bulk modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(9*G*K)/(3*K+G)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus=\",round(E,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's Ratio\",round(pr,4)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.19 page number 264"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stress in aluminium strip= 23.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in steel strip= 46.15 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Extension of the compound bar= 0.138 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(600)                   #compound bar of length,mm\n",
-    "P=float(60)                    #compound bar when axial tensile force ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=float(40*20)                #area of aluminium strip,mm^2\n",
-    "As=float(60*15)                #area of steel strip,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=1*100000             # elastic modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=2*100000             # elastic modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#load shared by aluminium strip be Pa and that shared by steel be Ps. Then from equilibrium condition Pa+Ps=P\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition, deltaAL=deltaS\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sias=Pa/Aa\n",
-    "print \"Stress in aluminium strip=\",round(Sias,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "Siss=Ps/As\n",
-    "print \"Stress in steel strip=\",round(Siss,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=600\n",
-    "#Extension of the compound bar \n",
-    "deltal=(Pa*L)/(Aa*Ea)\n",
-    "print\"Extension of the compound bar=\",round(deltal,3),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.20 page number 265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Copper= 75.76 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 126.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel rod ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)            #Young's modulus of copper tube,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "di=float(25)                           #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                           #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(di,2)/4               #Area of steel rod,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4   #Area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "P=120                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel rod and Pc is the load shared by the copper tube.\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in copper, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Copper=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.21 page number 266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Concrete= 4.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 81.2 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Es/Ec=18(given)\n",
-    "Er=float(18)                #young modulus ratio Er=Es/Ec\n",
-    "d=float(16)                           #steel bar diameter,mm\n",
-    "#8 steel bars\n",
-    "As=8*pi*pow(d,2)/4               #Area of steel bar,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=(300*500)-As                      #Area of concrete,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=800                           #Compressive force, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel bar and Pc is the load shared by the Concrete\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Er)/(Ac)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Er)/(Ac))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in Concrete, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Concrete=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.22 page number 267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Aluminium= 66.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 89.29 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel  ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ea=float(1*100000)            #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ls=240                        #length of steel,mm\n",
-    "La=160                        #length of aluminium,mm\n",
-    "Aa=1200               #Area of aluminium,mm^2\n",
-    "As=1000               #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "P=250                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+2Pa=P,et force shared by each aluminium pillar be Pa and that shared by steel pillar be Ps. \n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(2+((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIA=Pa/Aa            #stress in aluminium, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Aluminium=\",round(SIA,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.23 page number 268\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ps= 91.73 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pc= 44.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the force shared by bolt be Ps and that by tube be Pc. Since there is no external force, static equilibrium condition gives Ps + Pc = 0 or Ps = – Pc i.e., the two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in nature. Obviously bolt is in tension and tube is in compression.\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of force be P. Due to quarter turn of the nut\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[Note. Pitch means advancement of nut in one full turn] \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ls=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "Lc=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "delta=float(0.5)\n",
-    "ds=float(20)                       #diameter,mm\n",
-    "di=float(28)                       #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                       #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)                 #Young's modulus, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(ds,2)/4                  #area of steel bolt,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4      #area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta*(1/Ls))/((1/(As*Es))+(1/(Ac*Ec))) #Load,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As                          #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "pc=P/Ac                          #copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ps=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"pc=\",round(pc,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.24 page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) p= 52.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      "(b) p= 27.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      " (iii) delta= 1.968 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)       #expansion coeffecient,/°c\n",
-    "L=float(12)                     #length,m\n",
-    "t=float(40-18)                  #temperature difference,°c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L*1000          #free expansion of the rails,mm    \n",
-    "# Provide a minimum gap of 3.168 mm between the rails, so that temperature stresses do not develop\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "# a) If no expansion joint is provided, free expansion prevented is equal to 3.168 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#delta=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(delta*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) p=\", round(p1,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) If a gap of 1.5 mm is provided, free expansion prevented delta2 = 3.168 – 1.5 = 1.668 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=1.668       #mm\n",
-    "#delta2=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(delta2*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) p=\", round(p2,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If the stress developed is 20 N/mm2, then p = P/ A\n",
-    "p3=20                      #stress developed,N/mm^2\n",
-    "delta3=delta-(p3*L*1000/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" (iii) delta=\",round(delta3,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.25 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress p= 360.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let D be the diameter of ring after heating and ‘d’ be its diameter before heating\n",
-    "D=float(1.2*1000)                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Circumference of ring after heating Ca= pi*D & Circumference of ring before heating Cb= pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ca=pi*D\n",
-    "Cb=pi*d\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)            #coefficient of expansion,/°C\n",
-    "t=150                             #temperature change,°C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                        #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "d=(Ca-Cb)/(alphas*t*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when it cools expansion prevented\n",
-    "#delta=pi*(D-d)\n",
-    "delta=alphas*t*pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(delta*Es)/(pi*d)              #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.26 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 12907.3 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=70*1000              #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=200*1000             #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alphaa=float(0.000011)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=600                  #Area of aluminium portion,mm^2\n",
-    "As=400                  #Area of steel, mm^2\n",
-    "La=float(1.5)                  #length of aluminium portion,m\n",
-    "Ls=float(3.0)                  #length of steel portion,m\n",
-    "t=18                           #temperature,°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=(alphaa*t*La*1000)+(alphas*t*Ls*1000)      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta)/(((La*1000)/(Aa*Ea))+((Ls*1000)/(As*Es)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\" ,round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.27 page number 273"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding maximum stress =  120.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=float(25)                 # variation linearly in diameter from 25 mm to 50 mm \n",
-    "d2=float(50)\n",
-    "L=float(500)                 #length,mm\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)        #expansion coeffecient,/°C\n",
-    "t=25                  #rise in temperture,°C\n",
-    "E=2*100000            #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If P is the force developed by supports, then it can cause a contraction of 4*P*L/(pi*d1*d2*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta*pi*d1*d2*E)/(4*L)\n",
-    "Am=pi*pow(d1,2)/4\n",
-    "Ms=P/Am\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Corresponding maximum stress = \",round(Ms,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.28 page number 275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in steel= 12.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in brass= 36.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Shear stress in pin 18.26 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Db=float(20)                     #diameter of brass rod,mm\n",
-    "Dse=float(40)                    #external diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Dsi=float(20)                    #internal diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000 )              #Young's modulus steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Eb=float(1*100000 )              #Young's modulus brass, N/mm^2\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.0000116)          #coeffcient of expansion of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphab=float(0.0000187)          #coeffcient of expansion of brass,/°C\n",
-    "t=60                             #raise in temperature, °C\n",
-    "As=pi*(pow(Dse,2)-pow(Dsi,2))/4  #Area of steel tube, mm^2\n",
-    "Ab=pi*(pow(Db,2))/4                #Area of brass rod,mm^2\n",
-    "L=1200                           #length,mm\n",
-    "#Since free expansion of brass  is more than free expansion of steel , compressive force Pb develops in brass and tensile force Ps develops in steel to keep the final position at CC \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Horizontal equilibrium condition gives Pb = Ps, say P. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=((alphab-alphas)*t*L)/((L/(As*Es))+(L/(Ab*Eb)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As\n",
-    "pb=P/Ab\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in steel=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Stress in brass=\",round(pb,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the pin resist the force P at the two cross- sections at junction of two bars.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Shearstress=P/(2*Ab)\n",
-    "print \"Shear stress in pin\",round(Shearstress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.29 page number 276"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n",
-      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(1000)                     #length of the bar at normal temperature,mm\n",
-    "As=float(50*10)                   #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=float(40*5)                    #Area of copper,mm^2\n",
-    "#Ac = Free expansion of copper  is greater than free expansion of steel  . To bring them to the same position, tensile force Ps acts on steel plate and compressive force Pc acts on each copper plate. \n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)                   #Expansion of coeffcient of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphac=float(0.000017 )                  #Expansion of coeffcient of copper,/°C\n",
-    "t=80                              #raise by temperature, °C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                       #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=1*100000                       #Young's modulus of copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pc=((alphac-alphas)*t*L)/((2*L/(As*Es)) +(L/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=2*Pc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pc=Pc/Ac                          #Stress in copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "ps=Ps/As                          #Stress in steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinlength=alphas*t*L+(Ps*L/(As*Es))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##example 8.30 page number 278\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=float(2)                   #internal pressure, N/mm^2\n",
-    "t=12                   #thickness of thin cylinder,mm\n",
-    "D=float(1000)                 #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=(p*D)/(2*t)          #Hoop stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_JTyCJsL.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_JTyCJsL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1204506a..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_JTyCJsL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1325 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter8-SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.1 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "sectional area= 201.06 mm^2\n",
-      "stress= 198.94 N/mm^2\n",
-      "strain= 0.000994718394324 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 0.497 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40000)               #Load,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)              #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=500              #length of circular rod,mm\n",
-    "d=float(16)               #diameter of rod,mm\n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=(pi*(pow(d,2)))/4   #sectional area, mm^2\n",
-    "p=P/A                 #stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "e=p/E                 #strain\n",
-    "delta=(P*L)/(A*E)     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sectional area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"strain=\",e,\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.2 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "area= 11.25 mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 1.6 mm\n",
-      "Hence, if measured length is 30.0 m.\n",
-      "Actual length is 30.0016 m\n",
-      "Actual length of line AB= 150.008 m.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(120)              # force applied during measurement,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)           #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(30)            #length of  Surveyor’s steel tape,mm\n",
-    "              \n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=15*0.75             #area, mm^2\n",
-    "delta=((P*L*1000)/(A*E))     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, if measured length is\", L,\"m.\"\n",
-    "print \"Actual length is\" ,round((L+(delta/1000)),6),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Actual length of line AB=\",round((150*(L+(delta/1000))/30),3),\"m.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.3 Page number 244\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Therefore, permissible stress\n",
-      "p= 142.857 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Load P= 160000.0 N\n",
-      "A= 1120.0 mm^2\n",
-      "d= 94.32 mm\n",
-      "t= 3.64 mm\n",
-      "Hence, use of light section is recommended.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=float(250)                 #Yield stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "FOS=float(1.75)              #Factor of safety\n",
-    "P=float(160)                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=Y/FOS\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Therefore, permissible stress\"\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,3), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Load P=\",P*1000,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=P/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=P*1000/p           #area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"A=\",round(A),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#For hollow section of outer diameter ‘D’ and inner diameter ‘d’ A=pi*(D^2-d^2)/4\n",
-    "D=float(101.6)        #outer diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(pow(D,2)-(4*A/pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=(D-d)/2\n",
-    "print \"t=\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, use of light section is recommended.\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.4 page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Area= 314.16 mm^2\n",
-      "Stress at elastic limit= 324.68 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Young's modulus E= 12732.4 N/mm^22\n",
-      "Percentage elongation= 28.0 %\n",
-      "Percentage reduction in area= 43.75 %\n",
-      "Ultimate Tensile Stress= 0.41 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(20)                                       #Diameter ,mm\n",
-    "Loadatelasticlimit=float(102)                  #Load at elastic limit,KN\n",
-    "P=80                                              #Load for extension of o.25mm , KN\n",
-    "delta=float(0.25)                                 #extension in specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "L=200                                             #gauge length of specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "Finalextension=float(56)                         #total extension at fracture,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=(pi*pow(d,2))/4                                 #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Area=\", round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stressatelasticlimit=Loadatelasticlimit*1000/A    #Stress at elastic limit,N/mm^2 \n",
-    "print \"Stress at elastic limit=\",round(Stressatelasticlimit,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000/A)*(delta*L)                            #Young’s modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus E=\", round(E,2),\"N/mm^22\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Percentageelongation=Finalextension*100/L       #percentage elongation,%\n",
-    "print \"Percentage elongation=\", round(Percentageelongation,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Initialarea=(pi*pow(d,2))/4\n",
-    "Finalarea=(pi*pow(15,2))/4                     # total extension at fracture is 56 mm and diameter at neck is 15 mm.\n",
-    "Percentagereductioninarea=(Initialarea-Finalarea)*100/Initialarea\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Percentage reduction in area=\",round(Percentagereductioninarea,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "UltimateLoad=130                               #Maximum Load=130,kN\n",
-    "UltimateTensileStress=UltimateLoad/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ultimate Tensile Stress=\",round(UltimateTensileStress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.5 Page number247\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 56277.19 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=150                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=250                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*pow(20,2)/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L3=150                          #length of 3rd portion,mm\n",
-    "A3=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 3rd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2+Extension of portion 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2)+(P*1000*L3/A3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.6 Page number247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total extension of the bar= 0.5125 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=40*20                        #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E1=200000          # material 1  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "E2=100000          # material 2  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2=800                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=30*20                        #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Extensionofportion1=(P*1000*L1)/(A1*E1)  #mm\n",
-    "Extensionofportion2=(P*1000*L2)/(A2*E2)  #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Totalextensionofthebar= Extensionofportion1 + Extensionofportion2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Total extension of the bar=\",round(Totalextensionofthebar,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.7 Page number248\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 200735.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                                      #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(30,2)/4                           #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=400                                      #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*(pow(30,2)-pow(10,2))/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=float(0.222)                              #Total extension of the bar,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=((P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2))/T \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.10 Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 0.2113 mm\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n",
-      "delta2= 0.48 mm^2\n",
-      "Percentage error= 55.977 %\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=10                    #steel flat thickness,mm\n",
-    "b1=float(60)                   #tapering from b1 to b2\n",
-    "b2=40\n",
-    "L=600                   #steel flat length\n",
-    "P=float(80)                    #Load,KN\n",
-    "E=2*100000              #Young's Modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of the tapering bar of rectangular section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L*math.log((b1/b2),10))/(t*E*(b1-b2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If averages cross-section is considered instead of tapering cross-section, extension is given by \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aav=(b1+b2)*t/2                    #mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*L)/(Aav*E)                #mm\n",
-    "print\"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta2-delta1)*100/delta2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Percentage error=\",round(P,3),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.11 page number251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 1.194 mm\n",
-      "delta2= 0.265 mm\n",
-      "Total extension 1.459 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(200)                     #loading,KN\n",
-    "E=200*1000\n",
-    "d1=40                #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "A= pi*pow(d1,2)/4         #Area of uniform portion,mm^2 \n",
-    "L1=1500                    #length of uniform portion,mm \n",
-    "d2=60                      #diameter of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "L2=500                     #length of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "#Extensions of uniform portion and tapering portion are worked out separately and then added to get extension of the given bar. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of uniform portion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L1)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*4*L2)/(E*pi*d1*d2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=delta1 + delta2 \n",
-    "print \"Total extension\",round(T,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.13 page number259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Poisson's ratio= 0.3\n",
-      "E= 203718.33 N/mm^2\n",
-      "G= 78353.2 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 169765.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(60)               #load,KN\n",
-    "d=float(25)               #diameter,mm\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4    #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(200)              #gauge length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=0.12         #extension,mm\n",
-    "deltad=0.0045      #contraction in diameter,mm\n",
-    "Linearstrain=delta/L\n",
-    "Lateralstrain=deltad/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pr=Lateralstrain/Linearstrain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's ratio=\",round(Pr,1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L)/(A*delta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))                      #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\",round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-(2*Pr)))                 #bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\",round(K,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.14 page number 260"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "G= 76923.1 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 166666.67 N/mm^2\n",
-      "change in volume 60.0 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pr=float(0.3)                   #poisson's ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))           #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*(Pr)))        #Bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\", round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\", round(K,2), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=60                           #Load,kN\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stress=P*1000/A                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#Linear strain,ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=Stress/E\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Lateralstrain,ey,ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ey=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "ez=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#volumetric strain,ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=pi*pow(25,2)*500/4\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"change in volume\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.15 page number261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in volume= 10.8 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "# Let the x, y, z be the mutually perpendicular directions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=float(0.3)\n",
-    "PX=float(15)                        #Loading in x-direction,KN\n",
-    "PY=float(80)                        #Loading in Y-direction(compressive),KN\n",
-    "PZ=float(180)                       #Loading in Z-direction,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Area in X-,Y-,Z-Direction is AX,AY,AZ respectively,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AX=float(10*30)\n",
-    "AY=float(10*400)\n",
-    "AZ=float(30*400)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#stress devoloped in X-,Y-,Z- direction as px,py,pz respectively,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=PX*1000/AX\n",
-    "py=PY*1000/AY\n",
-    "pz=PZ*1000/AZ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Noting that a stress produces a strain of p/E in its own direction, the nature being same as that of stress and µ p E in lateral direction of opposite nature, and taking tensile stress as +ve, we can write expression for strains ex, ey, ez.\n",
-    "E=2*100000                       #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=(px/E)+(pr*py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ey=(-pr*px/E)-(py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ez=(-pr*px/E)+(pr*py/E)+(pz/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez                 #Volumetric strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "volume=10*30*400\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*volume\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Change in volume=\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.17 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poisson's Ratio= 0.346\n",
-      "Bulk modulus= 227500.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2.1*100000)         #Young’s modulus of the material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "G=float(0.78*100000)        #modulus of rigidity,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"poisson's Ratio=\",round(pr,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*pr))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Bulk modulus=\",round(K,3),\"N/mm^2\" "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.18 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Young's modulus= 102857.143 N\n",
-      "Poisson's Ratio 0.2857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=float(0.4*100000)      #modulus of rigidity of material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "K=float(0.8*100000)      #bulk modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(9*G*K)/(3*K+G)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus=\",round(E,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's Ratio\",round(pr,4)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.19 page number 264"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stress in aluminium strip= 23.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in steel strip= 46.15 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Extension of the compound bar= 0.138 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(600)                   #compound bar of length,mm\n",
-    "P=float(60)                    #compound bar when axial tensile force ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=float(40*20)                #area of aluminium strip,mm^2\n",
-    "As=float(60*15)                #area of steel strip,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=1*100000             # elastic modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=2*100000             # elastic modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#load shared by aluminium strip be Pa and that shared by steel be Ps. Then from equilibrium condition Pa+Ps=P\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition, deltaAL=deltaS\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sias=Pa/Aa\n",
-    "print \"Stress in aluminium strip=\",round(Sias,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "Siss=Ps/As\n",
-    "print \"Stress in steel strip=\",round(Siss,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=600\n",
-    "#Extension of the compound bar \n",
-    "deltal=(Pa*L)/(Aa*Ea)\n",
-    "print\"Extension of the compound bar=\",round(deltal,3),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.20 page number 265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Copper= 75.76 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 126.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel rod ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)            #Young's modulus of copper tube,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "di=float(25)                           #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                           #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(di,2)/4               #Area of steel rod,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4   #Area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "P=120                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel rod and Pc is the load shared by the copper tube.\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in copper, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Copper=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.21 page number 266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Concrete= 4.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 81.2 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Es/Ec=18(given)\n",
-    "Er=float(18)                #young modulus ratio Er=Es/Ec\n",
-    "d=float(16)                           #steel bar diameter,mm\n",
-    "#8 steel bars\n",
-    "As=8*pi*pow(d,2)/4               #Area of steel bar,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=(300*500)-As                      #Area of concrete,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=800                           #Compressive force, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel bar and Pc is the load shared by the Concrete\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Er)/(Ac)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Er)/(Ac))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in Concrete, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Concrete=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.22 page number 267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Aluminium= 66.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 89.29 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel  ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ea=float(1*100000)            #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ls=240                        #length of steel,mm\n",
-    "La=160                        #length of aluminium,mm\n",
-    "Aa=1200               #Area of aluminium,mm^2\n",
-    "As=1000               #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "P=250                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+2Pa=P,et force shared by each aluminium pillar be Pa and that shared by steel pillar be Ps. \n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(2+((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIA=Pa/Aa            #stress in aluminium, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Aluminium=\",round(SIA,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.23 page number 268\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ps= 91.73 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pc= 44.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the force shared by bolt be Ps and that by tube be Pc. Since there is no external force, static equilibrium condition gives Ps + Pc = 0 or Ps = – Pc i.e., the two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in nature. Obviously bolt is in tension and tube is in compression.\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of force be P. Due to quarter turn of the nut\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[Note. Pitch means advancement of nut in one full turn] \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ls=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "Lc=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "delta=float(0.5)\n",
-    "ds=float(20)                       #diameter,mm\n",
-    "di=float(28)                       #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                       #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)                 #Young's modulus, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(ds,2)/4                  #area of steel bolt,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4      #area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta*(1/Ls))/((1/(As*Es))+(1/(Ac*Ec))) #Load,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As                          #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "pc=P/Ac                          #copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ps=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"pc=\",round(pc,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.24 page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) p= 52.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      "(b) p= 27.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      " (iii) delta= 1.968 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)       #expansion coeffecient,/°c\n",
-    "L=float(12)                     #length,m\n",
-    "t=float(40-18)                  #temperature difference,°c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L*1000          #free expansion of the rails,mm    \n",
-    "# Provide a minimum gap of 3.168 mm between the rails, so that temperature stresses do not develop\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "# a) If no expansion joint is provided, free expansion prevented is equal to 3.168 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#delta=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(delta*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) p=\", round(p1,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) If a gap of 1.5 mm is provided, free expansion prevented delta2 = 3.168 – 1.5 = 1.668 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=1.668       #mm\n",
-    "#delta2=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(delta2*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) p=\", round(p2,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If the stress developed is 20 N/mm2, then p = P/ A\n",
-    "p3=20                      #stress developed,N/mm^2\n",
-    "delta3=delta-(p3*L*1000/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" (iii) delta=\",round(delta3,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.25 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress p= 360.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let D be the diameter of ring after heating and ‘d’ be its diameter before heating\n",
-    "D=float(1.2*1000)                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Circumference of ring after heating Ca= pi*D & Circumference of ring before heating Cb= pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ca=pi*D\n",
-    "Cb=pi*d\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)            #coefficient of expansion,/°C\n",
-    "t=150                             #temperature change,°C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                        #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "d=(Ca-Cb)/(alphas*t*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when it cools expansion prevented\n",
-    "#delta=pi*(D-d)\n",
-    "delta=alphas*t*pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(delta*Es)/(pi*d)              #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.26 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 12907.3 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=70*1000              #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=200*1000             #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alphaa=float(0.000011)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=600                  #Area of aluminium portion,mm^2\n",
-    "As=400                  #Area of steel, mm^2\n",
-    "La=float(1.5)                  #length of aluminium portion,m\n",
-    "Ls=float(3.0)                  #length of steel portion,m\n",
-    "t=18                           #temperature,°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=(alphaa*t*La*1000)+(alphas*t*Ls*1000)      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta)/(((La*1000)/(Aa*Ea))+((Ls*1000)/(As*Es)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\" ,round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.27 page number 273"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding maximum stress =  120.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=float(25)                 # variation linearly in diameter from 25 mm to 50 mm \n",
-    "d2=float(50)\n",
-    "L=float(500)                 #length,mm\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)        #expansion coeffecient,/°C\n",
-    "t=25                  #rise in temperture,°C\n",
-    "E=2*100000            #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If P is the force developed by supports, then it can cause a contraction of 4*P*L/(pi*d1*d2*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta*pi*d1*d2*E)/(4*L)\n",
-    "Am=pi*pow(d1,2)/4\n",
-    "Ms=P/Am\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Corresponding maximum stress = \",round(Ms,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.28 page number 275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in steel= 12.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in brass= 36.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Shear stress in pin 18.26 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Db=float(20)                     #diameter of brass rod,mm\n",
-    "Dse=float(40)                    #external diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Dsi=float(20)                    #internal diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000 )              #Young's modulus steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Eb=float(1*100000 )              #Young's modulus brass, N/mm^2\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.0000116)          #coeffcient of expansion of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphab=float(0.0000187)          #coeffcient of expansion of brass,/°C\n",
-    "t=60                             #raise in temperature, °C\n",
-    "As=pi*(pow(Dse,2)-pow(Dsi,2))/4  #Area of steel tube, mm^2\n",
-    "Ab=pi*(pow(Db,2))/4                #Area of brass rod,mm^2\n",
-    "L=1200                           #length,mm\n",
-    "#Since free expansion of brass  is more than free expansion of steel , compressive force Pb develops in brass and tensile force Ps develops in steel to keep the final position at CC \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Horizontal equilibrium condition gives Pb = Ps, say P. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=((alphab-alphas)*t*L)/((L/(As*Es))+(L/(Ab*Eb)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As\n",
-    "pb=P/Ab\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in steel=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Stress in brass=\",round(pb,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the pin resist the force P at the two cross- sections at junction of two bars.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Shearstress=P/(2*Ab)\n",
-    "print \"Shear stress in pin\",round(Shearstress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.29 page number 276"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n",
-      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(1000)                     #length of the bar at normal temperature,mm\n",
-    "As=float(50*10)                   #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=float(40*5)                    #Area of copper,mm^2\n",
-    "#Ac = Free expansion of copper  is greater than free expansion of steel  . To bring them to the same position, tensile force Ps acts on steel plate and compressive force Pc acts on each copper plate. \n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)                   #Expansion of coeffcient of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphac=float(0.000017 )                  #Expansion of coeffcient of copper,/°C\n",
-    "t=80                              #raise by temperature, °C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                       #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=1*100000                       #Young's modulus of copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pc=((alphac-alphas)*t*L)/((2*L/(As*Es)) +(L/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=2*Pc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pc=Pc/Ac                          #Stress in copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "ps=Ps/As                          #Stress in steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinlength=alphas*t*L+(Ps*L/(As*Es))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##example 8.30 page number 278\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=float(2)                   #internal pressure, N/mm^2\n",
-    "t=12                   #thickness of thin cylinder,mm\n",
-    "D=float(1000)                 #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=(p*D)/(2*t)          #Hoop stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_Q79Sp1O.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_Q79Sp1O.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1204506a..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_Q79Sp1O.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1325 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter8-SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.1 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "sectional area= 201.06 mm^2\n",
-      "stress= 198.94 N/mm^2\n",
-      "strain= 0.000994718394324 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 0.497 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40000)               #Load,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)              #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=500              #length of circular rod,mm\n",
-    "d=float(16)               #diameter of rod,mm\n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=(pi*(pow(d,2)))/4   #sectional area, mm^2\n",
-    "p=P/A                 #stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "e=p/E                 #strain\n",
-    "delta=(P*L)/(A*E)     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sectional area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"strain=\",e,\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.2 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "area= 11.25 mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 1.6 mm\n",
-      "Hence, if measured length is 30.0 m.\n",
-      "Actual length is 30.0016 m\n",
-      "Actual length of line AB= 150.008 m.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(120)              # force applied during measurement,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)           #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(30)            #length of  Surveyor’s steel tape,mm\n",
-    "              \n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=15*0.75             #area, mm^2\n",
-    "delta=((P*L*1000)/(A*E))     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, if measured length is\", L,\"m.\"\n",
-    "print \"Actual length is\" ,round((L+(delta/1000)),6),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Actual length of line AB=\",round((150*(L+(delta/1000))/30),3),\"m.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.3 Page number 244\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Therefore, permissible stress\n",
-      "p= 142.857 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Load P= 160000.0 N\n",
-      "A= 1120.0 mm^2\n",
-      "d= 94.32 mm\n",
-      "t= 3.64 mm\n",
-      "Hence, use of light section is recommended.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=float(250)                 #Yield stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "FOS=float(1.75)              #Factor of safety\n",
-    "P=float(160)                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=Y/FOS\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Therefore, permissible stress\"\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,3), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Load P=\",P*1000,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=P/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=P*1000/p           #area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"A=\",round(A),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#For hollow section of outer diameter ‘D’ and inner diameter ‘d’ A=pi*(D^2-d^2)/4\n",
-    "D=float(101.6)        #outer diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(pow(D,2)-(4*A/pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=(D-d)/2\n",
-    "print \"t=\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, use of light section is recommended.\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.4 page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Area= 314.16 mm^2\n",
-      "Stress at elastic limit= 324.68 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Young's modulus E= 12732.4 N/mm^22\n",
-      "Percentage elongation= 28.0 %\n",
-      "Percentage reduction in area= 43.75 %\n",
-      "Ultimate Tensile Stress= 0.41 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(20)                                       #Diameter ,mm\n",
-    "Loadatelasticlimit=float(102)                  #Load at elastic limit,KN\n",
-    "P=80                                              #Load for extension of o.25mm , KN\n",
-    "delta=float(0.25)                                 #extension in specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "L=200                                             #gauge length of specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "Finalextension=float(56)                         #total extension at fracture,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=(pi*pow(d,2))/4                                 #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Area=\", round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stressatelasticlimit=Loadatelasticlimit*1000/A    #Stress at elastic limit,N/mm^2 \n",
-    "print \"Stress at elastic limit=\",round(Stressatelasticlimit,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000/A)*(delta*L)                            #Young’s modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus E=\", round(E,2),\"N/mm^22\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Percentageelongation=Finalextension*100/L       #percentage elongation,%\n",
-    "print \"Percentage elongation=\", round(Percentageelongation,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Initialarea=(pi*pow(d,2))/4\n",
-    "Finalarea=(pi*pow(15,2))/4                     # total extension at fracture is 56 mm and diameter at neck is 15 mm.\n",
-    "Percentagereductioninarea=(Initialarea-Finalarea)*100/Initialarea\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Percentage reduction in area=\",round(Percentagereductioninarea,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "UltimateLoad=130                               #Maximum Load=130,kN\n",
-    "UltimateTensileStress=UltimateLoad/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ultimate Tensile Stress=\",round(UltimateTensileStress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.5 Page number247\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 56277.19 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=150                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=250                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*pow(20,2)/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L3=150                          #length of 3rd portion,mm\n",
-    "A3=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 3rd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2+Extension of portion 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2)+(P*1000*L3/A3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.6 Page number247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total extension of the bar= 0.5125 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=40*20                        #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E1=200000          # material 1  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "E2=100000          # material 2  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2=800                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=30*20                        #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Extensionofportion1=(P*1000*L1)/(A1*E1)  #mm\n",
-    "Extensionofportion2=(P*1000*L2)/(A2*E2)  #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Totalextensionofthebar= Extensionofportion1 + Extensionofportion2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Total extension of the bar=\",round(Totalextensionofthebar,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.7 Page number248\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 200735.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                                      #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(30,2)/4                           #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=400                                      #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*(pow(30,2)-pow(10,2))/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=float(0.222)                              #Total extension of the bar,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=((P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2))/T \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.10 Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 0.2113 mm\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n",
-      "delta2= 0.48 mm^2\n",
-      "Percentage error= 55.977 %\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=10                    #steel flat thickness,mm\n",
-    "b1=float(60)                   #tapering from b1 to b2\n",
-    "b2=40\n",
-    "L=600                   #steel flat length\n",
-    "P=float(80)                    #Load,KN\n",
-    "E=2*100000              #Young's Modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of the tapering bar of rectangular section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L*math.log((b1/b2),10))/(t*E*(b1-b2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If averages cross-section is considered instead of tapering cross-section, extension is given by \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aav=(b1+b2)*t/2                    #mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*L)/(Aav*E)                #mm\n",
-    "print\"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta2-delta1)*100/delta2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Percentage error=\",round(P,3),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.11 page number251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 1.194 mm\n",
-      "delta2= 0.265 mm\n",
-      "Total extension 1.459 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(200)                     #loading,KN\n",
-    "E=200*1000\n",
-    "d1=40                #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "A= pi*pow(d1,2)/4         #Area of uniform portion,mm^2 \n",
-    "L1=1500                    #length of uniform portion,mm \n",
-    "d2=60                      #diameter of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "L2=500                     #length of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "#Extensions of uniform portion and tapering portion are worked out separately and then added to get extension of the given bar. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of uniform portion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L1)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*4*L2)/(E*pi*d1*d2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=delta1 + delta2 \n",
-    "print \"Total extension\",round(T,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.13 page number259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Poisson's ratio= 0.3\n",
-      "E= 203718.33 N/mm^2\n",
-      "G= 78353.2 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 169765.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(60)               #load,KN\n",
-    "d=float(25)               #diameter,mm\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4    #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(200)              #gauge length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=0.12         #extension,mm\n",
-    "deltad=0.0045      #contraction in diameter,mm\n",
-    "Linearstrain=delta/L\n",
-    "Lateralstrain=deltad/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pr=Lateralstrain/Linearstrain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's ratio=\",round(Pr,1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L)/(A*delta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))                      #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\",round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-(2*Pr)))                 #bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\",round(K,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.14 page number 260"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "G= 76923.1 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 166666.67 N/mm^2\n",
-      "change in volume 60.0 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pr=float(0.3)                   #poisson's ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))           #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*(Pr)))        #Bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\", round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\", round(K,2), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=60                           #Load,kN\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stress=P*1000/A                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#Linear strain,ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=Stress/E\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Lateralstrain,ey,ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ey=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "ez=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#volumetric strain,ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=pi*pow(25,2)*500/4\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"change in volume\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.15 page number261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in volume= 10.8 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "# Let the x, y, z be the mutually perpendicular directions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=float(0.3)\n",
-    "PX=float(15)                        #Loading in x-direction,KN\n",
-    "PY=float(80)                        #Loading in Y-direction(compressive),KN\n",
-    "PZ=float(180)                       #Loading in Z-direction,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Area in X-,Y-,Z-Direction is AX,AY,AZ respectively,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AX=float(10*30)\n",
-    "AY=float(10*400)\n",
-    "AZ=float(30*400)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#stress devoloped in X-,Y-,Z- direction as px,py,pz respectively,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=PX*1000/AX\n",
-    "py=PY*1000/AY\n",
-    "pz=PZ*1000/AZ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Noting that a stress produces a strain of p/E in its own direction, the nature being same as that of stress and µ p E in lateral direction of opposite nature, and taking tensile stress as +ve, we can write expression for strains ex, ey, ez.\n",
-    "E=2*100000                       #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=(px/E)+(pr*py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ey=(-pr*px/E)-(py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ez=(-pr*px/E)+(pr*py/E)+(pz/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez                 #Volumetric strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "volume=10*30*400\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*volume\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Change in volume=\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.17 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poisson's Ratio= 0.346\n",
-      "Bulk modulus= 227500.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2.1*100000)         #Young’s modulus of the material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "G=float(0.78*100000)        #modulus of rigidity,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"poisson's Ratio=\",round(pr,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*pr))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Bulk modulus=\",round(K,3),\"N/mm^2\" "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.18 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Young's modulus= 102857.143 N\n",
-      "Poisson's Ratio 0.2857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=float(0.4*100000)      #modulus of rigidity of material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "K=float(0.8*100000)      #bulk modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(9*G*K)/(3*K+G)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus=\",round(E,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's Ratio\",round(pr,4)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.19 page number 264"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stress in aluminium strip= 23.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in steel strip= 46.15 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Extension of the compound bar= 0.138 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(600)                   #compound bar of length,mm\n",
-    "P=float(60)                    #compound bar when axial tensile force ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=float(40*20)                #area of aluminium strip,mm^2\n",
-    "As=float(60*15)                #area of steel strip,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=1*100000             # elastic modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=2*100000             # elastic modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#load shared by aluminium strip be Pa and that shared by steel be Ps. Then from equilibrium condition Pa+Ps=P\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition, deltaAL=deltaS\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sias=Pa/Aa\n",
-    "print \"Stress in aluminium strip=\",round(Sias,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "Siss=Ps/As\n",
-    "print \"Stress in steel strip=\",round(Siss,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=600\n",
-    "#Extension of the compound bar \n",
-    "deltal=(Pa*L)/(Aa*Ea)\n",
-    "print\"Extension of the compound bar=\",round(deltal,3),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.20 page number 265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Copper= 75.76 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 126.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel rod ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)            #Young's modulus of copper tube,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "di=float(25)                           #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                           #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(di,2)/4               #Area of steel rod,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4   #Area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "P=120                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel rod and Pc is the load shared by the copper tube.\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in copper, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Copper=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.21 page number 266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Concrete= 4.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 81.2 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Es/Ec=18(given)\n",
-    "Er=float(18)                #young modulus ratio Er=Es/Ec\n",
-    "d=float(16)                           #steel bar diameter,mm\n",
-    "#8 steel bars\n",
-    "As=8*pi*pow(d,2)/4               #Area of steel bar,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=(300*500)-As                      #Area of concrete,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=800                           #Compressive force, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel bar and Pc is the load shared by the Concrete\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Er)/(Ac)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Er)/(Ac))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in Concrete, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Concrete=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.22 page number 267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Aluminium= 66.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 89.29 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel  ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ea=float(1*100000)            #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ls=240                        #length of steel,mm\n",
-    "La=160                        #length of aluminium,mm\n",
-    "Aa=1200               #Area of aluminium,mm^2\n",
-    "As=1000               #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "P=250                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+2Pa=P,et force shared by each aluminium pillar be Pa and that shared by steel pillar be Ps. \n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(2+((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIA=Pa/Aa            #stress in aluminium, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Aluminium=\",round(SIA,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.23 page number 268\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ps= 91.73 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pc= 44.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the force shared by bolt be Ps and that by tube be Pc. Since there is no external force, static equilibrium condition gives Ps + Pc = 0 or Ps = – Pc i.e., the two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in nature. Obviously bolt is in tension and tube is in compression.\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of force be P. Due to quarter turn of the nut\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[Note. Pitch means advancement of nut in one full turn] \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ls=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "Lc=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "delta=float(0.5)\n",
-    "ds=float(20)                       #diameter,mm\n",
-    "di=float(28)                       #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                       #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)                 #Young's modulus, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(ds,2)/4                  #area of steel bolt,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4      #area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta*(1/Ls))/((1/(As*Es))+(1/(Ac*Ec))) #Load,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As                          #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "pc=P/Ac                          #copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ps=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"pc=\",round(pc,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.24 page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) p= 52.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      "(b) p= 27.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      " (iii) delta= 1.968 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)       #expansion coeffecient,/°c\n",
-    "L=float(12)                     #length,m\n",
-    "t=float(40-18)                  #temperature difference,°c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L*1000          #free expansion of the rails,mm    \n",
-    "# Provide a minimum gap of 3.168 mm between the rails, so that temperature stresses do not develop\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "# a) If no expansion joint is provided, free expansion prevented is equal to 3.168 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#delta=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(delta*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) p=\", round(p1,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) If a gap of 1.5 mm is provided, free expansion prevented delta2 = 3.168 – 1.5 = 1.668 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=1.668       #mm\n",
-    "#delta2=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(delta2*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) p=\", round(p2,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If the stress developed is 20 N/mm2, then p = P/ A\n",
-    "p3=20                      #stress developed,N/mm^2\n",
-    "delta3=delta-(p3*L*1000/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" (iii) delta=\",round(delta3,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.25 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress p= 360.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let D be the diameter of ring after heating and ‘d’ be its diameter before heating\n",
-    "D=float(1.2*1000)                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Circumference of ring after heating Ca= pi*D & Circumference of ring before heating Cb= pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ca=pi*D\n",
-    "Cb=pi*d\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)            #coefficient of expansion,/°C\n",
-    "t=150                             #temperature change,°C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                        #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "d=(Ca-Cb)/(alphas*t*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when it cools expansion prevented\n",
-    "#delta=pi*(D-d)\n",
-    "delta=alphas*t*pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(delta*Es)/(pi*d)              #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.26 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 12907.3 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=70*1000              #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=200*1000             #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alphaa=float(0.000011)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=600                  #Area of aluminium portion,mm^2\n",
-    "As=400                  #Area of steel, mm^2\n",
-    "La=float(1.5)                  #length of aluminium portion,m\n",
-    "Ls=float(3.0)                  #length of steel portion,m\n",
-    "t=18                           #temperature,°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=(alphaa*t*La*1000)+(alphas*t*Ls*1000)      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta)/(((La*1000)/(Aa*Ea))+((Ls*1000)/(As*Es)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\" ,round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.27 page number 273"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding maximum stress =  120.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=float(25)                 # variation linearly in diameter from 25 mm to 50 mm \n",
-    "d2=float(50)\n",
-    "L=float(500)                 #length,mm\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)        #expansion coeffecient,/°C\n",
-    "t=25                  #rise in temperture,°C\n",
-    "E=2*100000            #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If P is the force developed by supports, then it can cause a contraction of 4*P*L/(pi*d1*d2*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta*pi*d1*d2*E)/(4*L)\n",
-    "Am=pi*pow(d1,2)/4\n",
-    "Ms=P/Am\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Corresponding maximum stress = \",round(Ms,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.28 page number 275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in steel= 12.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in brass= 36.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Shear stress in pin 18.26 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Db=float(20)                     #diameter of brass rod,mm\n",
-    "Dse=float(40)                    #external diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Dsi=float(20)                    #internal diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000 )              #Young's modulus steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Eb=float(1*100000 )              #Young's modulus brass, N/mm^2\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.0000116)          #coeffcient of expansion of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphab=float(0.0000187)          #coeffcient of expansion of brass,/°C\n",
-    "t=60                             #raise in temperature, °C\n",
-    "As=pi*(pow(Dse,2)-pow(Dsi,2))/4  #Area of steel tube, mm^2\n",
-    "Ab=pi*(pow(Db,2))/4                #Area of brass rod,mm^2\n",
-    "L=1200                           #length,mm\n",
-    "#Since free expansion of brass  is more than free expansion of steel , compressive force Pb develops in brass and tensile force Ps develops in steel to keep the final position at CC \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Horizontal equilibrium condition gives Pb = Ps, say P. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=((alphab-alphas)*t*L)/((L/(As*Es))+(L/(Ab*Eb)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As\n",
-    "pb=P/Ab\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in steel=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Stress in brass=\",round(pb,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the pin resist the force P at the two cross- sections at junction of two bars.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Shearstress=P/(2*Ab)\n",
-    "print \"Shear stress in pin\",round(Shearstress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.29 page number 276"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n",
-      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(1000)                     #length of the bar at normal temperature,mm\n",
-    "As=float(50*10)                   #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=float(40*5)                    #Area of copper,mm^2\n",
-    "#Ac = Free expansion of copper  is greater than free expansion of steel  . To bring them to the same position, tensile force Ps acts on steel plate and compressive force Pc acts on each copper plate. \n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)                   #Expansion of coeffcient of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphac=float(0.000017 )                  #Expansion of coeffcient of copper,/°C\n",
-    "t=80                              #raise by temperature, °C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                       #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=1*100000                       #Young's modulus of copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pc=((alphac-alphas)*t*L)/((2*L/(As*Es)) +(L/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=2*Pc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pc=Pc/Ac                          #Stress in copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "ps=Ps/As                          #Stress in steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinlength=alphas*t*L+(Ps*L/(As*Es))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##example 8.30 page number 278\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=float(2)                   #internal pressure, N/mm^2\n",
-    "t=12                   #thickness of thin cylinder,mm\n",
-    "D=float(1000)                 #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=(p*D)/(2*t)          #Hoop stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_Qhj9HPA.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_Qhj9HPA.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1204506a..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_Qhj9HPA.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1325 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter8-SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.1 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "sectional area= 201.06 mm^2\n",
-      "stress= 198.94 N/mm^2\n",
-      "strain= 0.000994718394324 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 0.497 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40000)               #Load,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)              #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=500              #length of circular rod,mm\n",
-    "d=float(16)               #diameter of rod,mm\n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=(pi*(pow(d,2)))/4   #sectional area, mm^2\n",
-    "p=P/A                 #stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "e=p/E                 #strain\n",
-    "delta=(P*L)/(A*E)     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sectional area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"strain=\",e,\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.2 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "area= 11.25 mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 1.6 mm\n",
-      "Hence, if measured length is 30.0 m.\n",
-      "Actual length is 30.0016 m\n",
-      "Actual length of line AB= 150.008 m.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(120)              # force applied during measurement,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)           #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(30)            #length of  Surveyor’s steel tape,mm\n",
-    "              \n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=15*0.75             #area, mm^2\n",
-    "delta=((P*L*1000)/(A*E))     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, if measured length is\", L,\"m.\"\n",
-    "print \"Actual length is\" ,round((L+(delta/1000)),6),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Actual length of line AB=\",round((150*(L+(delta/1000))/30),3),\"m.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.3 Page number 244\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Therefore, permissible stress\n",
-      "p= 142.857 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Load P= 160000.0 N\n",
-      "A= 1120.0 mm^2\n",
-      "d= 94.32 mm\n",
-      "t= 3.64 mm\n",
-      "Hence, use of light section is recommended.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=float(250)                 #Yield stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "FOS=float(1.75)              #Factor of safety\n",
-    "P=float(160)                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=Y/FOS\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Therefore, permissible stress\"\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,3), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Load P=\",P*1000,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=P/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=P*1000/p           #area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"A=\",round(A),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#For hollow section of outer diameter ‘D’ and inner diameter ‘d’ A=pi*(D^2-d^2)/4\n",
-    "D=float(101.6)        #outer diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(pow(D,2)-(4*A/pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=(D-d)/2\n",
-    "print \"t=\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, use of light section is recommended.\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.4 page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Area= 314.16 mm^2\n",
-      "Stress at elastic limit= 324.68 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Young's modulus E= 12732.4 N/mm^22\n",
-      "Percentage elongation= 28.0 %\n",
-      "Percentage reduction in area= 43.75 %\n",
-      "Ultimate Tensile Stress= 0.41 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(20)                                       #Diameter ,mm\n",
-    "Loadatelasticlimit=float(102)                  #Load at elastic limit,KN\n",
-    "P=80                                              #Load for extension of o.25mm , KN\n",
-    "delta=float(0.25)                                 #extension in specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "L=200                                             #gauge length of specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "Finalextension=float(56)                         #total extension at fracture,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=(pi*pow(d,2))/4                                 #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Area=\", round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stressatelasticlimit=Loadatelasticlimit*1000/A    #Stress at elastic limit,N/mm^2 \n",
-    "print \"Stress at elastic limit=\",round(Stressatelasticlimit,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000/A)*(delta*L)                            #Young’s modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus E=\", round(E,2),\"N/mm^22\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Percentageelongation=Finalextension*100/L       #percentage elongation,%\n",
-    "print \"Percentage elongation=\", round(Percentageelongation,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Initialarea=(pi*pow(d,2))/4\n",
-    "Finalarea=(pi*pow(15,2))/4                     # total extension at fracture is 56 mm and diameter at neck is 15 mm.\n",
-    "Percentagereductioninarea=(Initialarea-Finalarea)*100/Initialarea\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Percentage reduction in area=\",round(Percentagereductioninarea,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "UltimateLoad=130                               #Maximum Load=130,kN\n",
-    "UltimateTensileStress=UltimateLoad/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ultimate Tensile Stress=\",round(UltimateTensileStress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.5 Page number247\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 56277.19 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=150                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=250                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*pow(20,2)/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L3=150                          #length of 3rd portion,mm\n",
-    "A3=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 3rd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2+Extension of portion 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2)+(P*1000*L3/A3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.6 Page number247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total extension of the bar= 0.5125 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=40*20                        #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E1=200000          # material 1  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "E2=100000          # material 2  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2=800                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=30*20                        #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Extensionofportion1=(P*1000*L1)/(A1*E1)  #mm\n",
-    "Extensionofportion2=(P*1000*L2)/(A2*E2)  #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Totalextensionofthebar= Extensionofportion1 + Extensionofportion2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Total extension of the bar=\",round(Totalextensionofthebar,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.7 Page number248\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 200735.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                                      #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(30,2)/4                           #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=400                                      #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*(pow(30,2)-pow(10,2))/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=float(0.222)                              #Total extension of the bar,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=((P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2))/T \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.10 Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 0.2113 mm\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n",
-      "delta2= 0.48 mm^2\n",
-      "Percentage error= 55.977 %\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=10                    #steel flat thickness,mm\n",
-    "b1=float(60)                   #tapering from b1 to b2\n",
-    "b2=40\n",
-    "L=600                   #steel flat length\n",
-    "P=float(80)                    #Load,KN\n",
-    "E=2*100000              #Young's Modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of the tapering bar of rectangular section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L*math.log((b1/b2),10))/(t*E*(b1-b2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If averages cross-section is considered instead of tapering cross-section, extension is given by \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aav=(b1+b2)*t/2                    #mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*L)/(Aav*E)                #mm\n",
-    "print\"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta2-delta1)*100/delta2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Percentage error=\",round(P,3),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.11 page number251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 1.194 mm\n",
-      "delta2= 0.265 mm\n",
-      "Total extension 1.459 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(200)                     #loading,KN\n",
-    "E=200*1000\n",
-    "d1=40                #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "A= pi*pow(d1,2)/4         #Area of uniform portion,mm^2 \n",
-    "L1=1500                    #length of uniform portion,mm \n",
-    "d2=60                      #diameter of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "L2=500                     #length of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "#Extensions of uniform portion and tapering portion are worked out separately and then added to get extension of the given bar. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of uniform portion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L1)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*4*L2)/(E*pi*d1*d2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=delta1 + delta2 \n",
-    "print \"Total extension\",round(T,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.13 page number259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Poisson's ratio= 0.3\n",
-      "E= 203718.33 N/mm^2\n",
-      "G= 78353.2 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 169765.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(60)               #load,KN\n",
-    "d=float(25)               #diameter,mm\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4    #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(200)              #gauge length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=0.12         #extension,mm\n",
-    "deltad=0.0045      #contraction in diameter,mm\n",
-    "Linearstrain=delta/L\n",
-    "Lateralstrain=deltad/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pr=Lateralstrain/Linearstrain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's ratio=\",round(Pr,1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L)/(A*delta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))                      #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\",round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-(2*Pr)))                 #bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\",round(K,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.14 page number 260"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "G= 76923.1 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 166666.67 N/mm^2\n",
-      "change in volume 60.0 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pr=float(0.3)                   #poisson's ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))           #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*(Pr)))        #Bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\", round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\", round(K,2), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=60                           #Load,kN\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stress=P*1000/A                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#Linear strain,ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=Stress/E\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Lateralstrain,ey,ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ey=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "ez=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#volumetric strain,ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=pi*pow(25,2)*500/4\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"change in volume\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.15 page number261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in volume= 10.8 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "# Let the x, y, z be the mutually perpendicular directions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=float(0.3)\n",
-    "PX=float(15)                        #Loading in x-direction,KN\n",
-    "PY=float(80)                        #Loading in Y-direction(compressive),KN\n",
-    "PZ=float(180)                       #Loading in Z-direction,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Area in X-,Y-,Z-Direction is AX,AY,AZ respectively,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AX=float(10*30)\n",
-    "AY=float(10*400)\n",
-    "AZ=float(30*400)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#stress devoloped in X-,Y-,Z- direction as px,py,pz respectively,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=PX*1000/AX\n",
-    "py=PY*1000/AY\n",
-    "pz=PZ*1000/AZ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Noting that a stress produces a strain of p/E in its own direction, the nature being same as that of stress and µ p E in lateral direction of opposite nature, and taking tensile stress as +ve, we can write expression for strains ex, ey, ez.\n",
-    "E=2*100000                       #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=(px/E)+(pr*py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ey=(-pr*px/E)-(py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ez=(-pr*px/E)+(pr*py/E)+(pz/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez                 #Volumetric strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "volume=10*30*400\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*volume\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Change in volume=\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.17 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poisson's Ratio= 0.346\n",
-      "Bulk modulus= 227500.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2.1*100000)         #Young’s modulus of the material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "G=float(0.78*100000)        #modulus of rigidity,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"poisson's Ratio=\",round(pr,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*pr))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Bulk modulus=\",round(K,3),\"N/mm^2\" "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.18 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Young's modulus= 102857.143 N\n",
-      "Poisson's Ratio 0.2857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=float(0.4*100000)      #modulus of rigidity of material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "K=float(0.8*100000)      #bulk modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(9*G*K)/(3*K+G)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus=\",round(E,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's Ratio\",round(pr,4)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.19 page number 264"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stress in aluminium strip= 23.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in steel strip= 46.15 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Extension of the compound bar= 0.138 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(600)                   #compound bar of length,mm\n",
-    "P=float(60)                    #compound bar when axial tensile force ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=float(40*20)                #area of aluminium strip,mm^2\n",
-    "As=float(60*15)                #area of steel strip,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=1*100000             # elastic modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=2*100000             # elastic modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#load shared by aluminium strip be Pa and that shared by steel be Ps. Then from equilibrium condition Pa+Ps=P\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition, deltaAL=deltaS\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sias=Pa/Aa\n",
-    "print \"Stress in aluminium strip=\",round(Sias,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "Siss=Ps/As\n",
-    "print \"Stress in steel strip=\",round(Siss,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=600\n",
-    "#Extension of the compound bar \n",
-    "deltal=(Pa*L)/(Aa*Ea)\n",
-    "print\"Extension of the compound bar=\",round(deltal,3),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.20 page number 265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Copper= 75.76 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 126.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel rod ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)            #Young's modulus of copper tube,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "di=float(25)                           #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                           #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(di,2)/4               #Area of steel rod,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4   #Area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "P=120                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel rod and Pc is the load shared by the copper tube.\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in copper, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Copper=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.21 page number 266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Concrete= 4.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 81.2 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Es/Ec=18(given)\n",
-    "Er=float(18)                #young modulus ratio Er=Es/Ec\n",
-    "d=float(16)                           #steel bar diameter,mm\n",
-    "#8 steel bars\n",
-    "As=8*pi*pow(d,2)/4               #Area of steel bar,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=(300*500)-As                      #Area of concrete,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=800                           #Compressive force, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel bar and Pc is the load shared by the Concrete\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Er)/(Ac)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Er)/(Ac))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in Concrete, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Concrete=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.22 page number 267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Aluminium= 66.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 89.29 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel  ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ea=float(1*100000)            #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ls=240                        #length of steel,mm\n",
-    "La=160                        #length of aluminium,mm\n",
-    "Aa=1200               #Area of aluminium,mm^2\n",
-    "As=1000               #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "P=250                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+2Pa=P,et force shared by each aluminium pillar be Pa and that shared by steel pillar be Ps. \n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(2+((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIA=Pa/Aa            #stress in aluminium, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Aluminium=\",round(SIA,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.23 page number 268\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ps= 91.73 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pc= 44.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the force shared by bolt be Ps and that by tube be Pc. Since there is no external force, static equilibrium condition gives Ps + Pc = 0 or Ps = – Pc i.e., the two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in nature. Obviously bolt is in tension and tube is in compression.\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of force be P. Due to quarter turn of the nut\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[Note. Pitch means advancement of nut in one full turn] \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ls=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "Lc=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "delta=float(0.5)\n",
-    "ds=float(20)                       #diameter,mm\n",
-    "di=float(28)                       #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                       #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)                 #Young's modulus, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(ds,2)/4                  #area of steel bolt,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4      #area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta*(1/Ls))/((1/(As*Es))+(1/(Ac*Ec))) #Load,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As                          #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "pc=P/Ac                          #copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ps=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"pc=\",round(pc,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.24 page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) p= 52.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      "(b) p= 27.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      " (iii) delta= 1.968 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)       #expansion coeffecient,/°c\n",
-    "L=float(12)                     #length,m\n",
-    "t=float(40-18)                  #temperature difference,°c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L*1000          #free expansion of the rails,mm    \n",
-    "# Provide a minimum gap of 3.168 mm between the rails, so that temperature stresses do not develop\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "# a) If no expansion joint is provided, free expansion prevented is equal to 3.168 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#delta=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(delta*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) p=\", round(p1,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) If a gap of 1.5 mm is provided, free expansion prevented delta2 = 3.168 – 1.5 = 1.668 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=1.668       #mm\n",
-    "#delta2=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(delta2*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) p=\", round(p2,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If the stress developed is 20 N/mm2, then p = P/ A\n",
-    "p3=20                      #stress developed,N/mm^2\n",
-    "delta3=delta-(p3*L*1000/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" (iii) delta=\",round(delta3,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.25 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress p= 360.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let D be the diameter of ring after heating and ‘d’ be its diameter before heating\n",
-    "D=float(1.2*1000)                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Circumference of ring after heating Ca= pi*D & Circumference of ring before heating Cb= pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ca=pi*D\n",
-    "Cb=pi*d\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)            #coefficient of expansion,/°C\n",
-    "t=150                             #temperature change,°C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                        #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "d=(Ca-Cb)/(alphas*t*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when it cools expansion prevented\n",
-    "#delta=pi*(D-d)\n",
-    "delta=alphas*t*pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(delta*Es)/(pi*d)              #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.26 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 12907.3 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=70*1000              #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=200*1000             #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alphaa=float(0.000011)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=600                  #Area of aluminium portion,mm^2\n",
-    "As=400                  #Area of steel, mm^2\n",
-    "La=float(1.5)                  #length of aluminium portion,m\n",
-    "Ls=float(3.0)                  #length of steel portion,m\n",
-    "t=18                           #temperature,°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=(alphaa*t*La*1000)+(alphas*t*Ls*1000)      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta)/(((La*1000)/(Aa*Ea))+((Ls*1000)/(As*Es)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\" ,round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.27 page number 273"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding maximum stress =  120.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=float(25)                 # variation linearly in diameter from 25 mm to 50 mm \n",
-    "d2=float(50)\n",
-    "L=float(500)                 #length,mm\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)        #expansion coeffecient,/°C\n",
-    "t=25                  #rise in temperture,°C\n",
-    "E=2*100000            #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If P is the force developed by supports, then it can cause a contraction of 4*P*L/(pi*d1*d2*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta*pi*d1*d2*E)/(4*L)\n",
-    "Am=pi*pow(d1,2)/4\n",
-    "Ms=P/Am\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Corresponding maximum stress = \",round(Ms,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.28 page number 275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in steel= 12.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in brass= 36.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Shear stress in pin 18.26 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Db=float(20)                     #diameter of brass rod,mm\n",
-    "Dse=float(40)                    #external diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Dsi=float(20)                    #internal diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000 )              #Young's modulus steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Eb=float(1*100000 )              #Young's modulus brass, N/mm^2\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.0000116)          #coeffcient of expansion of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphab=float(0.0000187)          #coeffcient of expansion of brass,/°C\n",
-    "t=60                             #raise in temperature, °C\n",
-    "As=pi*(pow(Dse,2)-pow(Dsi,2))/4  #Area of steel tube, mm^2\n",
-    "Ab=pi*(pow(Db,2))/4                #Area of brass rod,mm^2\n",
-    "L=1200                           #length,mm\n",
-    "#Since free expansion of brass  is more than free expansion of steel , compressive force Pb develops in brass and tensile force Ps develops in steel to keep the final position at CC \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Horizontal equilibrium condition gives Pb = Ps, say P. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=((alphab-alphas)*t*L)/((L/(As*Es))+(L/(Ab*Eb)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As\n",
-    "pb=P/Ab\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in steel=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Stress in brass=\",round(pb,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the pin resist the force P at the two cross- sections at junction of two bars.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Shearstress=P/(2*Ab)\n",
-    "print \"Shear stress in pin\",round(Shearstress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.29 page number 276"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n",
-      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(1000)                     #length of the bar at normal temperature,mm\n",
-    "As=float(50*10)                   #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=float(40*5)                    #Area of copper,mm^2\n",
-    "#Ac = Free expansion of copper  is greater than free expansion of steel  . To bring them to the same position, tensile force Ps acts on steel plate and compressive force Pc acts on each copper plate. \n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)                   #Expansion of coeffcient of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphac=float(0.000017 )                  #Expansion of coeffcient of copper,/°C\n",
-    "t=80                              #raise by temperature, °C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                       #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=1*100000                       #Young's modulus of copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pc=((alphac-alphas)*t*L)/((2*L/(As*Es)) +(L/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=2*Pc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pc=Pc/Ac                          #Stress in copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "ps=Ps/As                          #Stress in steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinlength=alphas*t*L+(Ps*L/(As*Es))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##example 8.30 page number 278\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=float(2)                   #internal pressure, N/mm^2\n",
-    "t=12                   #thickness of thin cylinder,mm\n",
-    "D=float(1000)                 #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=(p*D)/(2*t)          #Hoop stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_fBoE3j3.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_fBoE3j3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1204506a..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_fBoE3j3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1325 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter8-SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.1 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "sectional area= 201.06 mm^2\n",
-      "stress= 198.94 N/mm^2\n",
-      "strain= 0.000994718394324 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 0.497 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40000)               #Load,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)              #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=500              #length of circular rod,mm\n",
-    "d=float(16)               #diameter of rod,mm\n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=(pi*(pow(d,2)))/4   #sectional area, mm^2\n",
-    "p=P/A                 #stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "e=p/E                 #strain\n",
-    "delta=(P*L)/(A*E)     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sectional area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"strain=\",e,\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.2 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "area= 11.25 mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 1.6 mm\n",
-      "Hence, if measured length is 30.0 m.\n",
-      "Actual length is 30.0016 m\n",
-      "Actual length of line AB= 150.008 m.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(120)              # force applied during measurement,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)           #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(30)            #length of  Surveyor’s steel tape,mm\n",
-    "              \n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=15*0.75             #area, mm^2\n",
-    "delta=((P*L*1000)/(A*E))     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, if measured length is\", L,\"m.\"\n",
-    "print \"Actual length is\" ,round((L+(delta/1000)),6),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Actual length of line AB=\",round((150*(L+(delta/1000))/30),3),\"m.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.3 Page number 244\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Therefore, permissible stress\n",
-      "p= 142.857 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Load P= 160000.0 N\n",
-      "A= 1120.0 mm^2\n",
-      "d= 94.32 mm\n",
-      "t= 3.64 mm\n",
-      "Hence, use of light section is recommended.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=float(250)                 #Yield stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "FOS=float(1.75)              #Factor of safety\n",
-    "P=float(160)                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=Y/FOS\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Therefore, permissible stress\"\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,3), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Load P=\",P*1000,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=P/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=P*1000/p           #area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"A=\",round(A),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#For hollow section of outer diameter ‘D’ and inner diameter ‘d’ A=pi*(D^2-d^2)/4\n",
-    "D=float(101.6)        #outer diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(pow(D,2)-(4*A/pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=(D-d)/2\n",
-    "print \"t=\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, use of light section is recommended.\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.4 page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Area= 314.16 mm^2\n",
-      "Stress at elastic limit= 324.68 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Young's modulus E= 12732.4 N/mm^22\n",
-      "Percentage elongation= 28.0 %\n",
-      "Percentage reduction in area= 43.75 %\n",
-      "Ultimate Tensile Stress= 0.41 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(20)                                       #Diameter ,mm\n",
-    "Loadatelasticlimit=float(102)                  #Load at elastic limit,KN\n",
-    "P=80                                              #Load for extension of o.25mm , KN\n",
-    "delta=float(0.25)                                 #extension in specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "L=200                                             #gauge length of specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "Finalextension=float(56)                         #total extension at fracture,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=(pi*pow(d,2))/4                                 #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Area=\", round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stressatelasticlimit=Loadatelasticlimit*1000/A    #Stress at elastic limit,N/mm^2 \n",
-    "print \"Stress at elastic limit=\",round(Stressatelasticlimit,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000/A)*(delta*L)                            #Young’s modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus E=\", round(E,2),\"N/mm^22\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Percentageelongation=Finalextension*100/L       #percentage elongation,%\n",
-    "print \"Percentage elongation=\", round(Percentageelongation,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Initialarea=(pi*pow(d,2))/4\n",
-    "Finalarea=(pi*pow(15,2))/4                     # total extension at fracture is 56 mm and diameter at neck is 15 mm.\n",
-    "Percentagereductioninarea=(Initialarea-Finalarea)*100/Initialarea\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Percentage reduction in area=\",round(Percentagereductioninarea,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "UltimateLoad=130                               #Maximum Load=130,kN\n",
-    "UltimateTensileStress=UltimateLoad/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ultimate Tensile Stress=\",round(UltimateTensileStress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.5 Page number247\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 56277.19 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=150                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=250                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*pow(20,2)/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L3=150                          #length of 3rd portion,mm\n",
-    "A3=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 3rd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2+Extension of portion 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2)+(P*1000*L3/A3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.6 Page number247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total extension of the bar= 0.5125 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=40*20                        #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E1=200000          # material 1  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "E2=100000          # material 2  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2=800                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=30*20                        #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Extensionofportion1=(P*1000*L1)/(A1*E1)  #mm\n",
-    "Extensionofportion2=(P*1000*L2)/(A2*E2)  #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Totalextensionofthebar= Extensionofportion1 + Extensionofportion2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Total extension of the bar=\",round(Totalextensionofthebar,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.7 Page number248\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 200735.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                                      #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(30,2)/4                           #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=400                                      #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*(pow(30,2)-pow(10,2))/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=float(0.222)                              #Total extension of the bar,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=((P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2))/T \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.10 Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 0.2113 mm\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n",
-      "delta2= 0.48 mm^2\n",
-      "Percentage error= 55.977 %\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=10                    #steel flat thickness,mm\n",
-    "b1=float(60)                   #tapering from b1 to b2\n",
-    "b2=40\n",
-    "L=600                   #steel flat length\n",
-    "P=float(80)                    #Load,KN\n",
-    "E=2*100000              #Young's Modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of the tapering bar of rectangular section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L*math.log((b1/b2),10))/(t*E*(b1-b2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If averages cross-section is considered instead of tapering cross-section, extension is given by \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aav=(b1+b2)*t/2                    #mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*L)/(Aav*E)                #mm\n",
-    "print\"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta2-delta1)*100/delta2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Percentage error=\",round(P,3),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.11 page number251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 1.194 mm\n",
-      "delta2= 0.265 mm\n",
-      "Total extension 1.459 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(200)                     #loading,KN\n",
-    "E=200*1000\n",
-    "d1=40                #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "A= pi*pow(d1,2)/4         #Area of uniform portion,mm^2 \n",
-    "L1=1500                    #length of uniform portion,mm \n",
-    "d2=60                      #diameter of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "L2=500                     #length of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "#Extensions of uniform portion and tapering portion are worked out separately and then added to get extension of the given bar. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of uniform portion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L1)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*4*L2)/(E*pi*d1*d2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=delta1 + delta2 \n",
-    "print \"Total extension\",round(T,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.13 page number259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Poisson's ratio= 0.3\n",
-      "E= 203718.33 N/mm^2\n",
-      "G= 78353.2 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 169765.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(60)               #load,KN\n",
-    "d=float(25)               #diameter,mm\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4    #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(200)              #gauge length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=0.12         #extension,mm\n",
-    "deltad=0.0045      #contraction in diameter,mm\n",
-    "Linearstrain=delta/L\n",
-    "Lateralstrain=deltad/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pr=Lateralstrain/Linearstrain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's ratio=\",round(Pr,1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L)/(A*delta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))                      #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\",round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-(2*Pr)))                 #bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\",round(K,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.14 page number 260"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "G= 76923.1 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 166666.67 N/mm^2\n",
-      "change in volume 60.0 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pr=float(0.3)                   #poisson's ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))           #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*(Pr)))        #Bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\", round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\", round(K,2), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=60                           #Load,kN\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stress=P*1000/A                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#Linear strain,ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=Stress/E\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Lateralstrain,ey,ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ey=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "ez=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#volumetric strain,ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=pi*pow(25,2)*500/4\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"change in volume\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.15 page number261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in volume= 10.8 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "# Let the x, y, z be the mutually perpendicular directions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=float(0.3)\n",
-    "PX=float(15)                        #Loading in x-direction,KN\n",
-    "PY=float(80)                        #Loading in Y-direction(compressive),KN\n",
-    "PZ=float(180)                       #Loading in Z-direction,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Area in X-,Y-,Z-Direction is AX,AY,AZ respectively,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AX=float(10*30)\n",
-    "AY=float(10*400)\n",
-    "AZ=float(30*400)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#stress devoloped in X-,Y-,Z- direction as px,py,pz respectively,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=PX*1000/AX\n",
-    "py=PY*1000/AY\n",
-    "pz=PZ*1000/AZ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Noting that a stress produces a strain of p/E in its own direction, the nature being same as that of stress and µ p E in lateral direction of opposite nature, and taking tensile stress as +ve, we can write expression for strains ex, ey, ez.\n",
-    "E=2*100000                       #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=(px/E)+(pr*py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ey=(-pr*px/E)-(py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ez=(-pr*px/E)+(pr*py/E)+(pz/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez                 #Volumetric strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "volume=10*30*400\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*volume\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Change in volume=\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.17 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poisson's Ratio= 0.346\n",
-      "Bulk modulus= 227500.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2.1*100000)         #Young’s modulus of the material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "G=float(0.78*100000)        #modulus of rigidity,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"poisson's Ratio=\",round(pr,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*pr))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Bulk modulus=\",round(K,3),\"N/mm^2\" "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.18 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Young's modulus= 102857.143 N\n",
-      "Poisson's Ratio 0.2857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=float(0.4*100000)      #modulus of rigidity of material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "K=float(0.8*100000)      #bulk modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(9*G*K)/(3*K+G)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus=\",round(E,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's Ratio\",round(pr,4)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.19 page number 264"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stress in aluminium strip= 23.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in steel strip= 46.15 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Extension of the compound bar= 0.138 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(600)                   #compound bar of length,mm\n",
-    "P=float(60)                    #compound bar when axial tensile force ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=float(40*20)                #area of aluminium strip,mm^2\n",
-    "As=float(60*15)                #area of steel strip,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=1*100000             # elastic modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=2*100000             # elastic modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#load shared by aluminium strip be Pa and that shared by steel be Ps. Then from equilibrium condition Pa+Ps=P\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition, deltaAL=deltaS\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sias=Pa/Aa\n",
-    "print \"Stress in aluminium strip=\",round(Sias,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "Siss=Ps/As\n",
-    "print \"Stress in steel strip=\",round(Siss,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=600\n",
-    "#Extension of the compound bar \n",
-    "deltal=(Pa*L)/(Aa*Ea)\n",
-    "print\"Extension of the compound bar=\",round(deltal,3),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.20 page number 265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Copper= 75.76 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 126.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel rod ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)            #Young's modulus of copper tube,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "di=float(25)                           #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                           #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(di,2)/4               #Area of steel rod,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4   #Area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "P=120                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel rod and Pc is the load shared by the copper tube.\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in copper, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Copper=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.21 page number 266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Concrete= 4.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 81.2 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Es/Ec=18(given)\n",
-    "Er=float(18)                #young modulus ratio Er=Es/Ec\n",
-    "d=float(16)                           #steel bar diameter,mm\n",
-    "#8 steel bars\n",
-    "As=8*pi*pow(d,2)/4               #Area of steel bar,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=(300*500)-As                      #Area of concrete,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=800                           #Compressive force, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel bar and Pc is the load shared by the Concrete\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Er)/(Ac)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Er)/(Ac))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in Concrete, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Concrete=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.22 page number 267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Aluminium= 66.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 89.29 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel  ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ea=float(1*100000)            #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ls=240                        #length of steel,mm\n",
-    "La=160                        #length of aluminium,mm\n",
-    "Aa=1200               #Area of aluminium,mm^2\n",
-    "As=1000               #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "P=250                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+2Pa=P,et force shared by each aluminium pillar be Pa and that shared by steel pillar be Ps. \n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(2+((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIA=Pa/Aa            #stress in aluminium, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Aluminium=\",round(SIA,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.23 page number 268\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ps= 91.73 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pc= 44.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the force shared by bolt be Ps and that by tube be Pc. Since there is no external force, static equilibrium condition gives Ps + Pc = 0 or Ps = – Pc i.e., the two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in nature. Obviously bolt is in tension and tube is in compression.\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of force be P. Due to quarter turn of the nut\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[Note. Pitch means advancement of nut in one full turn] \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ls=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "Lc=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "delta=float(0.5)\n",
-    "ds=float(20)                       #diameter,mm\n",
-    "di=float(28)                       #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                       #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)                 #Young's modulus, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(ds,2)/4                  #area of steel bolt,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4      #area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta*(1/Ls))/((1/(As*Es))+(1/(Ac*Ec))) #Load,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As                          #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "pc=P/Ac                          #copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ps=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"pc=\",round(pc,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.24 page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) p= 52.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      "(b) p= 27.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      " (iii) delta= 1.968 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)       #expansion coeffecient,/°c\n",
-    "L=float(12)                     #length,m\n",
-    "t=float(40-18)                  #temperature difference,°c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L*1000          #free expansion of the rails,mm    \n",
-    "# Provide a minimum gap of 3.168 mm between the rails, so that temperature stresses do not develop\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "# a) If no expansion joint is provided, free expansion prevented is equal to 3.168 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#delta=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(delta*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) p=\", round(p1,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) If a gap of 1.5 mm is provided, free expansion prevented delta2 = 3.168 – 1.5 = 1.668 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=1.668       #mm\n",
-    "#delta2=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(delta2*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) p=\", round(p2,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If the stress developed is 20 N/mm2, then p = P/ A\n",
-    "p3=20                      #stress developed,N/mm^2\n",
-    "delta3=delta-(p3*L*1000/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" (iii) delta=\",round(delta3,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.25 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress p= 360.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let D be the diameter of ring after heating and ‘d’ be its diameter before heating\n",
-    "D=float(1.2*1000)                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Circumference of ring after heating Ca= pi*D & Circumference of ring before heating Cb= pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ca=pi*D\n",
-    "Cb=pi*d\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)            #coefficient of expansion,/°C\n",
-    "t=150                             #temperature change,°C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                        #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "d=(Ca-Cb)/(alphas*t*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when it cools expansion prevented\n",
-    "#delta=pi*(D-d)\n",
-    "delta=alphas*t*pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(delta*Es)/(pi*d)              #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.26 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 12907.3 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=70*1000              #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=200*1000             #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alphaa=float(0.000011)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=600                  #Area of aluminium portion,mm^2\n",
-    "As=400                  #Area of steel, mm^2\n",
-    "La=float(1.5)                  #length of aluminium portion,m\n",
-    "Ls=float(3.0)                  #length of steel portion,m\n",
-    "t=18                           #temperature,°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=(alphaa*t*La*1000)+(alphas*t*Ls*1000)      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta)/(((La*1000)/(Aa*Ea))+((Ls*1000)/(As*Es)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\" ,round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.27 page number 273"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding maximum stress =  120.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=float(25)                 # variation linearly in diameter from 25 mm to 50 mm \n",
-    "d2=float(50)\n",
-    "L=float(500)                 #length,mm\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)        #expansion coeffecient,/°C\n",
-    "t=25                  #rise in temperture,°C\n",
-    "E=2*100000            #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If P is the force developed by supports, then it can cause a contraction of 4*P*L/(pi*d1*d2*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta*pi*d1*d2*E)/(4*L)\n",
-    "Am=pi*pow(d1,2)/4\n",
-    "Ms=P/Am\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Corresponding maximum stress = \",round(Ms,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.28 page number 275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in steel= 12.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in brass= 36.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Shear stress in pin 18.26 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Db=float(20)                     #diameter of brass rod,mm\n",
-    "Dse=float(40)                    #external diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Dsi=float(20)                    #internal diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000 )              #Young's modulus steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Eb=float(1*100000 )              #Young's modulus brass, N/mm^2\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.0000116)          #coeffcient of expansion of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphab=float(0.0000187)          #coeffcient of expansion of brass,/°C\n",
-    "t=60                             #raise in temperature, °C\n",
-    "As=pi*(pow(Dse,2)-pow(Dsi,2))/4  #Area of steel tube, mm^2\n",
-    "Ab=pi*(pow(Db,2))/4                #Area of brass rod,mm^2\n",
-    "L=1200                           #length,mm\n",
-    "#Since free expansion of brass  is more than free expansion of steel , compressive force Pb develops in brass and tensile force Ps develops in steel to keep the final position at CC \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Horizontal equilibrium condition gives Pb = Ps, say P. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=((alphab-alphas)*t*L)/((L/(As*Es))+(L/(Ab*Eb)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As\n",
-    "pb=P/Ab\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in steel=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Stress in brass=\",round(pb,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the pin resist the force P at the two cross- sections at junction of two bars.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Shearstress=P/(2*Ab)\n",
-    "print \"Shear stress in pin\",round(Shearstress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.29 page number 276"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n",
-      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(1000)                     #length of the bar at normal temperature,mm\n",
-    "As=float(50*10)                   #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=float(40*5)                    #Area of copper,mm^2\n",
-    "#Ac = Free expansion of copper  is greater than free expansion of steel  . To bring them to the same position, tensile force Ps acts on steel plate and compressive force Pc acts on each copper plate. \n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)                   #Expansion of coeffcient of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphac=float(0.000017 )                  #Expansion of coeffcient of copper,/°C\n",
-    "t=80                              #raise by temperature, °C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                       #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=1*100000                       #Young's modulus of copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pc=((alphac-alphas)*t*L)/((2*L/(As*Es)) +(L/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=2*Pc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pc=Pc/Ac                          #Stress in copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "ps=Ps/As                          #Stress in steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinlength=alphas*t*L+(Ps*L/(As*Es))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##example 8.30 page number 278\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=float(2)                   #internal pressure, N/mm^2\n",
-    "t=12                   #thickness of thin cylinder,mm\n",
-    "D=float(1000)                 #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=(p*D)/(2*t)          #Hoop stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_mFOxHz2.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_mFOxHz2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1204506a..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_mFOxHz2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1325 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter8-SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.1 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "sectional area= 201.06 mm^2\n",
-      "stress= 198.94 N/mm^2\n",
-      "strain= 0.000994718394324 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 0.497 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40000)               #Load,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)              #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=500              #length of circular rod,mm\n",
-    "d=float(16)               #diameter of rod,mm\n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=(pi*(pow(d,2)))/4   #sectional area, mm^2\n",
-    "p=P/A                 #stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "e=p/E                 #strain\n",
-    "delta=(P*L)/(A*E)     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sectional area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"strain=\",e,\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.2 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "area= 11.25 mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 1.6 mm\n",
-      "Hence, if measured length is 30.0 m.\n",
-      "Actual length is 30.0016 m\n",
-      "Actual length of line AB= 150.008 m.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(120)              # force applied during measurement,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)           #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(30)            #length of  Surveyor’s steel tape,mm\n",
-    "              \n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=15*0.75             #area, mm^2\n",
-    "delta=((P*L*1000)/(A*E))     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, if measured length is\", L,\"m.\"\n",
-    "print \"Actual length is\" ,round((L+(delta/1000)),6),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Actual length of line AB=\",round((150*(L+(delta/1000))/30),3),\"m.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.3 Page number 244\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Therefore, permissible stress\n",
-      "p= 142.857 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Load P= 160000.0 N\n",
-      "A= 1120.0 mm^2\n",
-      "d= 94.32 mm\n",
-      "t= 3.64 mm\n",
-      "Hence, use of light section is recommended.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=float(250)                 #Yield stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "FOS=float(1.75)              #Factor of safety\n",
-    "P=float(160)                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=Y/FOS\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Therefore, permissible stress\"\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,3), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Load P=\",P*1000,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=P/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=P*1000/p           #area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"A=\",round(A),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#For hollow section of outer diameter ‘D’ and inner diameter ‘d’ A=pi*(D^2-d^2)/4\n",
-    "D=float(101.6)        #outer diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(pow(D,2)-(4*A/pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=(D-d)/2\n",
-    "print \"t=\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, use of light section is recommended.\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.4 page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Area= 314.16 mm^2\n",
-      "Stress at elastic limit= 324.68 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Young's modulus E= 12732.4 N/mm^22\n",
-      "Percentage elongation= 28.0 %\n",
-      "Percentage reduction in area= 43.75 %\n",
-      "Ultimate Tensile Stress= 0.41 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(20)                                       #Diameter ,mm\n",
-    "Loadatelasticlimit=float(102)                  #Load at elastic limit,KN\n",
-    "P=80                                              #Load for extension of o.25mm , KN\n",
-    "delta=float(0.25)                                 #extension in specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "L=200                                             #gauge length of specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "Finalextension=float(56)                         #total extension at fracture,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=(pi*pow(d,2))/4                                 #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Area=\", round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stressatelasticlimit=Loadatelasticlimit*1000/A    #Stress at elastic limit,N/mm^2 \n",
-    "print \"Stress at elastic limit=\",round(Stressatelasticlimit,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000/A)*(delta*L)                            #Young’s modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus E=\", round(E,2),\"N/mm^22\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Percentageelongation=Finalextension*100/L       #percentage elongation,%\n",
-    "print \"Percentage elongation=\", round(Percentageelongation,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Initialarea=(pi*pow(d,2))/4\n",
-    "Finalarea=(pi*pow(15,2))/4                     # total extension at fracture is 56 mm and diameter at neck is 15 mm.\n",
-    "Percentagereductioninarea=(Initialarea-Finalarea)*100/Initialarea\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Percentage reduction in area=\",round(Percentagereductioninarea,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "UltimateLoad=130                               #Maximum Load=130,kN\n",
-    "UltimateTensileStress=UltimateLoad/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ultimate Tensile Stress=\",round(UltimateTensileStress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.5 Page number247\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 56277.19 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=150                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=250                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*pow(20,2)/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L3=150                          #length of 3rd portion,mm\n",
-    "A3=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 3rd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2+Extension of portion 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2)+(P*1000*L3/A3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.6 Page number247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total extension of the bar= 0.5125 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=40*20                        #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E1=200000          # material 1  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "E2=100000          # material 2  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2=800                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=30*20                        #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Extensionofportion1=(P*1000*L1)/(A1*E1)  #mm\n",
-    "Extensionofportion2=(P*1000*L2)/(A2*E2)  #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Totalextensionofthebar= Extensionofportion1 + Extensionofportion2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Total extension of the bar=\",round(Totalextensionofthebar,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.7 Page number248\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 200735.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                                      #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(30,2)/4                           #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=400                                      #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*(pow(30,2)-pow(10,2))/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=float(0.222)                              #Total extension of the bar,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=((P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2))/T \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.10 Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 0.2113 mm\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n",
-      "delta2= 0.48 mm^2\n",
-      "Percentage error= 55.977 %\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=10                    #steel flat thickness,mm\n",
-    "b1=float(60)                   #tapering from b1 to b2\n",
-    "b2=40\n",
-    "L=600                   #steel flat length\n",
-    "P=float(80)                    #Load,KN\n",
-    "E=2*100000              #Young's Modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of the tapering bar of rectangular section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L*math.log((b1/b2),10))/(t*E*(b1-b2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If averages cross-section is considered instead of tapering cross-section, extension is given by \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aav=(b1+b2)*t/2                    #mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*L)/(Aav*E)                #mm\n",
-    "print\"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta2-delta1)*100/delta2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Percentage error=\",round(P,3),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.11 page number251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 1.194 mm\n",
-      "delta2= 0.265 mm\n",
-      "Total extension 1.459 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(200)                     #loading,KN\n",
-    "E=200*1000\n",
-    "d1=40                #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "A= pi*pow(d1,2)/4         #Area of uniform portion,mm^2 \n",
-    "L1=1500                    #length of uniform portion,mm \n",
-    "d2=60                      #diameter of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "L2=500                     #length of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "#Extensions of uniform portion and tapering portion are worked out separately and then added to get extension of the given bar. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of uniform portion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L1)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*4*L2)/(E*pi*d1*d2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=delta1 + delta2 \n",
-    "print \"Total extension\",round(T,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.13 page number259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Poisson's ratio= 0.3\n",
-      "E= 203718.33 N/mm^2\n",
-      "G= 78353.2 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 169765.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(60)               #load,KN\n",
-    "d=float(25)               #diameter,mm\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4    #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(200)              #gauge length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=0.12         #extension,mm\n",
-    "deltad=0.0045      #contraction in diameter,mm\n",
-    "Linearstrain=delta/L\n",
-    "Lateralstrain=deltad/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pr=Lateralstrain/Linearstrain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's ratio=\",round(Pr,1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L)/(A*delta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))                      #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\",round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-(2*Pr)))                 #bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\",round(K,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.14 page number 260"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "G= 76923.1 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 166666.67 N/mm^2\n",
-      "change in volume 60.0 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pr=float(0.3)                   #poisson's ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))           #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*(Pr)))        #Bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\", round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\", round(K,2), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=60                           #Load,kN\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stress=P*1000/A                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#Linear strain,ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=Stress/E\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Lateralstrain,ey,ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ey=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "ez=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#volumetric strain,ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=pi*pow(25,2)*500/4\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"change in volume\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.15 page number261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in volume= 10.8 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "# Let the x, y, z be the mutually perpendicular directions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=float(0.3)\n",
-    "PX=float(15)                        #Loading in x-direction,KN\n",
-    "PY=float(80)                        #Loading in Y-direction(compressive),KN\n",
-    "PZ=float(180)                       #Loading in Z-direction,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Area in X-,Y-,Z-Direction is AX,AY,AZ respectively,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AX=float(10*30)\n",
-    "AY=float(10*400)\n",
-    "AZ=float(30*400)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#stress devoloped in X-,Y-,Z- direction as px,py,pz respectively,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=PX*1000/AX\n",
-    "py=PY*1000/AY\n",
-    "pz=PZ*1000/AZ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Noting that a stress produces a strain of p/E in its own direction, the nature being same as that of stress and µ p E in lateral direction of opposite nature, and taking tensile stress as +ve, we can write expression for strains ex, ey, ez.\n",
-    "E=2*100000                       #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=(px/E)+(pr*py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ey=(-pr*px/E)-(py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ez=(-pr*px/E)+(pr*py/E)+(pz/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez                 #Volumetric strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "volume=10*30*400\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*volume\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Change in volume=\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.17 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poisson's Ratio= 0.346\n",
-      "Bulk modulus= 227500.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2.1*100000)         #Young’s modulus of the material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "G=float(0.78*100000)        #modulus of rigidity,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"poisson's Ratio=\",round(pr,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*pr))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Bulk modulus=\",round(K,3),\"N/mm^2\" "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.18 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Young's modulus= 102857.143 N\n",
-      "Poisson's Ratio 0.2857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=float(0.4*100000)      #modulus of rigidity of material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "K=float(0.8*100000)      #bulk modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(9*G*K)/(3*K+G)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus=\",round(E,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's Ratio\",round(pr,4)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.19 page number 264"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stress in aluminium strip= 23.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in steel strip= 46.15 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Extension of the compound bar= 0.138 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(600)                   #compound bar of length,mm\n",
-    "P=float(60)                    #compound bar when axial tensile force ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=float(40*20)                #area of aluminium strip,mm^2\n",
-    "As=float(60*15)                #area of steel strip,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=1*100000             # elastic modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=2*100000             # elastic modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#load shared by aluminium strip be Pa and that shared by steel be Ps. Then from equilibrium condition Pa+Ps=P\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition, deltaAL=deltaS\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sias=Pa/Aa\n",
-    "print \"Stress in aluminium strip=\",round(Sias,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "Siss=Ps/As\n",
-    "print \"Stress in steel strip=\",round(Siss,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=600\n",
-    "#Extension of the compound bar \n",
-    "deltal=(Pa*L)/(Aa*Ea)\n",
-    "print\"Extension of the compound bar=\",round(deltal,3),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.20 page number 265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Copper= 75.76 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 126.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel rod ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)            #Young's modulus of copper tube,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "di=float(25)                           #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                           #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(di,2)/4               #Area of steel rod,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4   #Area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "P=120                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel rod and Pc is the load shared by the copper tube.\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in copper, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Copper=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.21 page number 266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Concrete= 4.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 81.2 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Es/Ec=18(given)\n",
-    "Er=float(18)                #young modulus ratio Er=Es/Ec\n",
-    "d=float(16)                           #steel bar diameter,mm\n",
-    "#8 steel bars\n",
-    "As=8*pi*pow(d,2)/4               #Area of steel bar,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=(300*500)-As                      #Area of concrete,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=800                           #Compressive force, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel bar and Pc is the load shared by the Concrete\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Er)/(Ac)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Er)/(Ac))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in Concrete, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Concrete=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.22 page number 267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Aluminium= 66.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 89.29 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel  ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ea=float(1*100000)            #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ls=240                        #length of steel,mm\n",
-    "La=160                        #length of aluminium,mm\n",
-    "Aa=1200               #Area of aluminium,mm^2\n",
-    "As=1000               #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "P=250                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+2Pa=P,et force shared by each aluminium pillar be Pa and that shared by steel pillar be Ps. \n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(2+((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIA=Pa/Aa            #stress in aluminium, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Aluminium=\",round(SIA,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.23 page number 268\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ps= 91.73 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pc= 44.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the force shared by bolt be Ps and that by tube be Pc. Since there is no external force, static equilibrium condition gives Ps + Pc = 0 or Ps = – Pc i.e., the two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in nature. Obviously bolt is in tension and tube is in compression.\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of force be P. Due to quarter turn of the nut\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[Note. Pitch means advancement of nut in one full turn] \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ls=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "Lc=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "delta=float(0.5)\n",
-    "ds=float(20)                       #diameter,mm\n",
-    "di=float(28)                       #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                       #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)                 #Young's modulus, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(ds,2)/4                  #area of steel bolt,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4      #area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta*(1/Ls))/((1/(As*Es))+(1/(Ac*Ec))) #Load,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As                          #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "pc=P/Ac                          #copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ps=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"pc=\",round(pc,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.24 page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) p= 52.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      "(b) p= 27.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      " (iii) delta= 1.968 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)       #expansion coeffecient,/°c\n",
-    "L=float(12)                     #length,m\n",
-    "t=float(40-18)                  #temperature difference,°c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L*1000          #free expansion of the rails,mm    \n",
-    "# Provide a minimum gap of 3.168 mm between the rails, so that temperature stresses do not develop\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "# a) If no expansion joint is provided, free expansion prevented is equal to 3.168 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#delta=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(delta*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) p=\", round(p1,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) If a gap of 1.5 mm is provided, free expansion prevented delta2 = 3.168 – 1.5 = 1.668 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=1.668       #mm\n",
-    "#delta2=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(delta2*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) p=\", round(p2,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If the stress developed is 20 N/mm2, then p = P/ A\n",
-    "p3=20                      #stress developed,N/mm^2\n",
-    "delta3=delta-(p3*L*1000/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" (iii) delta=\",round(delta3,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.25 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress p= 360.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let D be the diameter of ring after heating and ‘d’ be its diameter before heating\n",
-    "D=float(1.2*1000)                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Circumference of ring after heating Ca= pi*D & Circumference of ring before heating Cb= pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ca=pi*D\n",
-    "Cb=pi*d\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)            #coefficient of expansion,/°C\n",
-    "t=150                             #temperature change,°C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                        #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "d=(Ca-Cb)/(alphas*t*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when it cools expansion prevented\n",
-    "#delta=pi*(D-d)\n",
-    "delta=alphas*t*pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(delta*Es)/(pi*d)              #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.26 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 12907.3 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=70*1000              #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=200*1000             #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alphaa=float(0.000011)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=600                  #Area of aluminium portion,mm^2\n",
-    "As=400                  #Area of steel, mm^2\n",
-    "La=float(1.5)                  #length of aluminium portion,m\n",
-    "Ls=float(3.0)                  #length of steel portion,m\n",
-    "t=18                           #temperature,°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=(alphaa*t*La*1000)+(alphas*t*Ls*1000)      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta)/(((La*1000)/(Aa*Ea))+((Ls*1000)/(As*Es)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\" ,round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.27 page number 273"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding maximum stress =  120.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=float(25)                 # variation linearly in diameter from 25 mm to 50 mm \n",
-    "d2=float(50)\n",
-    "L=float(500)                 #length,mm\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)        #expansion coeffecient,/°C\n",
-    "t=25                  #rise in temperture,°C\n",
-    "E=2*100000            #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If P is the force developed by supports, then it can cause a contraction of 4*P*L/(pi*d1*d2*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta*pi*d1*d2*E)/(4*L)\n",
-    "Am=pi*pow(d1,2)/4\n",
-    "Ms=P/Am\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Corresponding maximum stress = \",round(Ms,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.28 page number 275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in steel= 12.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in brass= 36.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Shear stress in pin 18.26 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Db=float(20)                     #diameter of brass rod,mm\n",
-    "Dse=float(40)                    #external diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Dsi=float(20)                    #internal diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000 )              #Young's modulus steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Eb=float(1*100000 )              #Young's modulus brass, N/mm^2\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.0000116)          #coeffcient of expansion of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphab=float(0.0000187)          #coeffcient of expansion of brass,/°C\n",
-    "t=60                             #raise in temperature, °C\n",
-    "As=pi*(pow(Dse,2)-pow(Dsi,2))/4  #Area of steel tube, mm^2\n",
-    "Ab=pi*(pow(Db,2))/4                #Area of brass rod,mm^2\n",
-    "L=1200                           #length,mm\n",
-    "#Since free expansion of brass  is more than free expansion of steel , compressive force Pb develops in brass and tensile force Ps develops in steel to keep the final position at CC \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Horizontal equilibrium condition gives Pb = Ps, say P. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=((alphab-alphas)*t*L)/((L/(As*Es))+(L/(Ab*Eb)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As\n",
-    "pb=P/Ab\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in steel=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Stress in brass=\",round(pb,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the pin resist the force P at the two cross- sections at junction of two bars.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Shearstress=P/(2*Ab)\n",
-    "print \"Shear stress in pin\",round(Shearstress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.29 page number 276"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n",
-      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(1000)                     #length of the bar at normal temperature,mm\n",
-    "As=float(50*10)                   #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=float(40*5)                    #Area of copper,mm^2\n",
-    "#Ac = Free expansion of copper  is greater than free expansion of steel  . To bring them to the same position, tensile force Ps acts on steel plate and compressive force Pc acts on each copper plate. \n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)                   #Expansion of coeffcient of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphac=float(0.000017 )                  #Expansion of coeffcient of copper,/°C\n",
-    "t=80                              #raise by temperature, °C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                       #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=1*100000                       #Young's modulus of copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pc=((alphac-alphas)*t*L)/((2*L/(As*Es)) +(L/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=2*Pc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pc=Pc/Ac                          #Stress in copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "ps=Ps/As                          #Stress in steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinlength=alphas*t*L+(Ps*L/(As*Es))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##example 8.30 page number 278\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=float(2)                   #internal pressure, N/mm^2\n",
-    "t=12                   #thickness of thin cylinder,mm\n",
-    "D=float(1000)                 #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=(p*D)/(2*t)          #Hoop stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_vQlQmPK.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_vQlQmPK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1204506a..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_vQlQmPK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1325 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter8-SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.1 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "sectional area= 201.06 mm^2\n",
-      "stress= 198.94 N/mm^2\n",
-      "strain= 0.000994718394324 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 0.497 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40000)               #Load,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)              #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=500              #length of circular rod,mm\n",
-    "d=float(16)               #diameter of rod,mm\n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=(pi*(pow(d,2)))/4   #sectional area, mm^2\n",
-    "p=P/A                 #stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "e=p/E                 #strain\n",
-    "delta=(P*L)/(A*E)     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sectional area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"strain=\",e,\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.2 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "area= 11.25 mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 1.6 mm\n",
-      "Hence, if measured length is 30.0 m.\n",
-      "Actual length is 30.0016 m\n",
-      "Actual length of line AB= 150.008 m.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(120)              # force applied during measurement,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)           #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(30)            #length of  Surveyor’s steel tape,mm\n",
-    "              \n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=15*0.75             #area, mm^2\n",
-    "delta=((P*L*1000)/(A*E))     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, if measured length is\", L,\"m.\"\n",
-    "print \"Actual length is\" ,round((L+(delta/1000)),6),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Actual length of line AB=\",round((150*(L+(delta/1000))/30),3),\"m.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.3 Page number 244\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Therefore, permissible stress\n",
-      "p= 142.857 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Load P= 160000.0 N\n",
-      "A= 1120.0 mm^2\n",
-      "d= 94.32 mm\n",
-      "t= 3.64 mm\n",
-      "Hence, use of light section is recommended.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=float(250)                 #Yield stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "FOS=float(1.75)              #Factor of safety\n",
-    "P=float(160)                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=Y/FOS\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Therefore, permissible stress\"\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,3), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Load P=\",P*1000,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=P/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=P*1000/p           #area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"A=\",round(A),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#For hollow section of outer diameter ‘D’ and inner diameter ‘d’ A=pi*(D^2-d^2)/4\n",
-    "D=float(101.6)        #outer diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(pow(D,2)-(4*A/pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=(D-d)/2\n",
-    "print \"t=\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, use of light section is recommended.\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.4 page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Area= 314.16 mm^2\n",
-      "Stress at elastic limit= 324.68 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Young's modulus E= 12732.4 N/mm^22\n",
-      "Percentage elongation= 28.0 %\n",
-      "Percentage reduction in area= 43.75 %\n",
-      "Ultimate Tensile Stress= 0.41 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(20)                                       #Diameter ,mm\n",
-    "Loadatelasticlimit=float(102)                  #Load at elastic limit,KN\n",
-    "P=80                                              #Load for extension of o.25mm , KN\n",
-    "delta=float(0.25)                                 #extension in specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "L=200                                             #gauge length of specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "Finalextension=float(56)                         #total extension at fracture,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=(pi*pow(d,2))/4                                 #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Area=\", round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stressatelasticlimit=Loadatelasticlimit*1000/A    #Stress at elastic limit,N/mm^2 \n",
-    "print \"Stress at elastic limit=\",round(Stressatelasticlimit,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000/A)*(delta*L)                            #Young’s modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus E=\", round(E,2),\"N/mm^22\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Percentageelongation=Finalextension*100/L       #percentage elongation,%\n",
-    "print \"Percentage elongation=\", round(Percentageelongation,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Initialarea=(pi*pow(d,2))/4\n",
-    "Finalarea=(pi*pow(15,2))/4                     # total extension at fracture is 56 mm and diameter at neck is 15 mm.\n",
-    "Percentagereductioninarea=(Initialarea-Finalarea)*100/Initialarea\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Percentage reduction in area=\",round(Percentagereductioninarea,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "UltimateLoad=130                               #Maximum Load=130,kN\n",
-    "UltimateTensileStress=UltimateLoad/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ultimate Tensile Stress=\",round(UltimateTensileStress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.5 Page number247\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 56277.19 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=150                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=250                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*pow(20,2)/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L3=150                          #length of 3rd portion,mm\n",
-    "A3=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 3rd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2+Extension of portion 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2)+(P*1000*L3/A3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.6 Page number247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total extension of the bar= 0.5125 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=40*20                        #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E1=200000          # material 1  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "E2=100000          # material 2  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2=800                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=30*20                        #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Extensionofportion1=(P*1000*L1)/(A1*E1)  #mm\n",
-    "Extensionofportion2=(P*1000*L2)/(A2*E2)  #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Totalextensionofthebar= Extensionofportion1 + Extensionofportion2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Total extension of the bar=\",round(Totalextensionofthebar,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.7 Page number248\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 200735.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                                      #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(30,2)/4                           #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=400                                      #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*(pow(30,2)-pow(10,2))/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=float(0.222)                              #Total extension of the bar,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=((P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2))/T \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.10 Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 0.2113 mm\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n",
-      "delta2= 0.48 mm^2\n",
-      "Percentage error= 55.977 %\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=10                    #steel flat thickness,mm\n",
-    "b1=float(60)                   #tapering from b1 to b2\n",
-    "b2=40\n",
-    "L=600                   #steel flat length\n",
-    "P=float(80)                    #Load,KN\n",
-    "E=2*100000              #Young's Modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of the tapering bar of rectangular section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L*math.log((b1/b2),10))/(t*E*(b1-b2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If averages cross-section is considered instead of tapering cross-section, extension is given by \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aav=(b1+b2)*t/2                    #mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*L)/(Aav*E)                #mm\n",
-    "print\"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta2-delta1)*100/delta2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Percentage error=\",round(P,3),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.11 page number251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 1.194 mm\n",
-      "delta2= 0.265 mm\n",
-      "Total extension 1.459 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(200)                     #loading,KN\n",
-    "E=200*1000\n",
-    "d1=40                #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "A= pi*pow(d1,2)/4         #Area of uniform portion,mm^2 \n",
-    "L1=1500                    #length of uniform portion,mm \n",
-    "d2=60                      #diameter of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "L2=500                     #length of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "#Extensions of uniform portion and tapering portion are worked out separately and then added to get extension of the given bar. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of uniform portion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L1)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*4*L2)/(E*pi*d1*d2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=delta1 + delta2 \n",
-    "print \"Total extension\",round(T,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.13 page number259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Poisson's ratio= 0.3\n",
-      "E= 203718.33 N/mm^2\n",
-      "G= 78353.2 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 169765.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(60)               #load,KN\n",
-    "d=float(25)               #diameter,mm\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4    #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(200)              #gauge length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=0.12         #extension,mm\n",
-    "deltad=0.0045      #contraction in diameter,mm\n",
-    "Linearstrain=delta/L\n",
-    "Lateralstrain=deltad/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pr=Lateralstrain/Linearstrain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's ratio=\",round(Pr,1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L)/(A*delta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))                      #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\",round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-(2*Pr)))                 #bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\",round(K,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.14 page number 260"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "G= 76923.1 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 166666.67 N/mm^2\n",
-      "change in volume 60.0 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pr=float(0.3)                   #poisson's ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))           #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*(Pr)))        #Bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\", round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\", round(K,2), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=60                           #Load,kN\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stress=P*1000/A                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#Linear strain,ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=Stress/E\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Lateralstrain,ey,ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ey=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "ez=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#volumetric strain,ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=pi*pow(25,2)*500/4\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"change in volume\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.15 page number261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in volume= 10.8 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "# Let the x, y, z be the mutually perpendicular directions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=float(0.3)\n",
-    "PX=float(15)                        #Loading in x-direction,KN\n",
-    "PY=float(80)                        #Loading in Y-direction(compressive),KN\n",
-    "PZ=float(180)                       #Loading in Z-direction,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Area in X-,Y-,Z-Direction is AX,AY,AZ respectively,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AX=float(10*30)\n",
-    "AY=float(10*400)\n",
-    "AZ=float(30*400)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#stress devoloped in X-,Y-,Z- direction as px,py,pz respectively,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=PX*1000/AX\n",
-    "py=PY*1000/AY\n",
-    "pz=PZ*1000/AZ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Noting that a stress produces a strain of p/E in its own direction, the nature being same as that of stress and µ p E in lateral direction of opposite nature, and taking tensile stress as +ve, we can write expression for strains ex, ey, ez.\n",
-    "E=2*100000                       #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=(px/E)+(pr*py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ey=(-pr*px/E)-(py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ez=(-pr*px/E)+(pr*py/E)+(pz/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez                 #Volumetric strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "volume=10*30*400\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*volume\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Change in volume=\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.17 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poisson's Ratio= 0.346\n",
-      "Bulk modulus= 227500.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2.1*100000)         #Young’s modulus of the material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "G=float(0.78*100000)        #modulus of rigidity,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"poisson's Ratio=\",round(pr,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*pr))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Bulk modulus=\",round(K,3),\"N/mm^2\" "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.18 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Young's modulus= 102857.143 N\n",
-      "Poisson's Ratio 0.2857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=float(0.4*100000)      #modulus of rigidity of material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "K=float(0.8*100000)      #bulk modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(9*G*K)/(3*K+G)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus=\",round(E,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's Ratio\",round(pr,4)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.19 page number 264"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stress in aluminium strip= 23.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in steel strip= 46.15 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Extension of the compound bar= 0.138 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(600)                   #compound bar of length,mm\n",
-    "P=float(60)                    #compound bar when axial tensile force ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=float(40*20)                #area of aluminium strip,mm^2\n",
-    "As=float(60*15)                #area of steel strip,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=1*100000             # elastic modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=2*100000             # elastic modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#load shared by aluminium strip be Pa and that shared by steel be Ps. Then from equilibrium condition Pa+Ps=P\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition, deltaAL=deltaS\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sias=Pa/Aa\n",
-    "print \"Stress in aluminium strip=\",round(Sias,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "Siss=Ps/As\n",
-    "print \"Stress in steel strip=\",round(Siss,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=600\n",
-    "#Extension of the compound bar \n",
-    "deltal=(Pa*L)/(Aa*Ea)\n",
-    "print\"Extension of the compound bar=\",round(deltal,3),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.20 page number 265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Copper= 75.76 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 126.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel rod ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)            #Young's modulus of copper tube,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "di=float(25)                           #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                           #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(di,2)/4               #Area of steel rod,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4   #Area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "P=120                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel rod and Pc is the load shared by the copper tube.\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in copper, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Copper=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.21 page number 266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Concrete= 4.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 81.2 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Es/Ec=18(given)\n",
-    "Er=float(18)                #young modulus ratio Er=Es/Ec\n",
-    "d=float(16)                           #steel bar diameter,mm\n",
-    "#8 steel bars\n",
-    "As=8*pi*pow(d,2)/4               #Area of steel bar,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=(300*500)-As                      #Area of concrete,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=800                           #Compressive force, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel bar and Pc is the load shared by the Concrete\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Er)/(Ac)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Er)/(Ac))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in Concrete, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Concrete=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.22 page number 267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Aluminium= 66.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 89.29 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel  ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ea=float(1*100000)            #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ls=240                        #length of steel,mm\n",
-    "La=160                        #length of aluminium,mm\n",
-    "Aa=1200               #Area of aluminium,mm^2\n",
-    "As=1000               #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "P=250                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+2Pa=P,et force shared by each aluminium pillar be Pa and that shared by steel pillar be Ps. \n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(2+((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIA=Pa/Aa            #stress in aluminium, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Aluminium=\",round(SIA,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.23 page number 268\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ps= 91.73 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pc= 44.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the force shared by bolt be Ps and that by tube be Pc. Since there is no external force, static equilibrium condition gives Ps + Pc = 0 or Ps = – Pc i.e., the two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in nature. Obviously bolt is in tension and tube is in compression.\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of force be P. Due to quarter turn of the nut\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[Note. Pitch means advancement of nut in one full turn] \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ls=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "Lc=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "delta=float(0.5)\n",
-    "ds=float(20)                       #diameter,mm\n",
-    "di=float(28)                       #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                       #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)                 #Young's modulus, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(ds,2)/4                  #area of steel bolt,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4      #area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta*(1/Ls))/((1/(As*Es))+(1/(Ac*Ec))) #Load,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As                          #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "pc=P/Ac                          #copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ps=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"pc=\",round(pc,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.24 page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) p= 52.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      "(b) p= 27.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      " (iii) delta= 1.968 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)       #expansion coeffecient,/°c\n",
-    "L=float(12)                     #length,m\n",
-    "t=float(40-18)                  #temperature difference,°c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L*1000          #free expansion of the rails,mm    \n",
-    "# Provide a minimum gap of 3.168 mm between the rails, so that temperature stresses do not develop\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "# a) If no expansion joint is provided, free expansion prevented is equal to 3.168 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#delta=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(delta*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) p=\", round(p1,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) If a gap of 1.5 mm is provided, free expansion prevented delta2 = 3.168 – 1.5 = 1.668 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=1.668       #mm\n",
-    "#delta2=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(delta2*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) p=\", round(p2,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If the stress developed is 20 N/mm2, then p = P/ A\n",
-    "p3=20                      #stress developed,N/mm^2\n",
-    "delta3=delta-(p3*L*1000/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" (iii) delta=\",round(delta3,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.25 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress p= 360.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let D be the diameter of ring after heating and ‘d’ be its diameter before heating\n",
-    "D=float(1.2*1000)                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Circumference of ring after heating Ca= pi*D & Circumference of ring before heating Cb= pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ca=pi*D\n",
-    "Cb=pi*d\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)            #coefficient of expansion,/°C\n",
-    "t=150                             #temperature change,°C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                        #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "d=(Ca-Cb)/(alphas*t*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when it cools expansion prevented\n",
-    "#delta=pi*(D-d)\n",
-    "delta=alphas*t*pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(delta*Es)/(pi*d)              #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.26 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 12907.3 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=70*1000              #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=200*1000             #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alphaa=float(0.000011)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=600                  #Area of aluminium portion,mm^2\n",
-    "As=400                  #Area of steel, mm^2\n",
-    "La=float(1.5)                  #length of aluminium portion,m\n",
-    "Ls=float(3.0)                  #length of steel portion,m\n",
-    "t=18                           #temperature,°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=(alphaa*t*La*1000)+(alphas*t*Ls*1000)      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta)/(((La*1000)/(Aa*Ea))+((Ls*1000)/(As*Es)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\" ,round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.27 page number 273"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding maximum stress =  120.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=float(25)                 # variation linearly in diameter from 25 mm to 50 mm \n",
-    "d2=float(50)\n",
-    "L=float(500)                 #length,mm\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)        #expansion coeffecient,/°C\n",
-    "t=25                  #rise in temperture,°C\n",
-    "E=2*100000            #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If P is the force developed by supports, then it can cause a contraction of 4*P*L/(pi*d1*d2*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta*pi*d1*d2*E)/(4*L)\n",
-    "Am=pi*pow(d1,2)/4\n",
-    "Ms=P/Am\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Corresponding maximum stress = \",round(Ms,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.28 page number 275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in steel= 12.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in brass= 36.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Shear stress in pin 18.26 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Db=float(20)                     #diameter of brass rod,mm\n",
-    "Dse=float(40)                    #external diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Dsi=float(20)                    #internal diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000 )              #Young's modulus steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Eb=float(1*100000 )              #Young's modulus brass, N/mm^2\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.0000116)          #coeffcient of expansion of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphab=float(0.0000187)          #coeffcient of expansion of brass,/°C\n",
-    "t=60                             #raise in temperature, °C\n",
-    "As=pi*(pow(Dse,2)-pow(Dsi,2))/4  #Area of steel tube, mm^2\n",
-    "Ab=pi*(pow(Db,2))/4                #Area of brass rod,mm^2\n",
-    "L=1200                           #length,mm\n",
-    "#Since free expansion of brass  is more than free expansion of steel , compressive force Pb develops in brass and tensile force Ps develops in steel to keep the final position at CC \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Horizontal equilibrium condition gives Pb = Ps, say P. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=((alphab-alphas)*t*L)/((L/(As*Es))+(L/(Ab*Eb)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As\n",
-    "pb=P/Ab\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in steel=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Stress in brass=\",round(pb,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the pin resist the force P at the two cross- sections at junction of two bars.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Shearstress=P/(2*Ab)\n",
-    "print \"Shear stress in pin\",round(Shearstress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.29 page number 276"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n",
-      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(1000)                     #length of the bar at normal temperature,mm\n",
-    "As=float(50*10)                   #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=float(40*5)                    #Area of copper,mm^2\n",
-    "#Ac = Free expansion of copper  is greater than free expansion of steel  . To bring them to the same position, tensile force Ps acts on steel plate and compressive force Pc acts on each copper plate. \n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)                   #Expansion of coeffcient of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphac=float(0.000017 )                  #Expansion of coeffcient of copper,/°C\n",
-    "t=80                              #raise by temperature, °C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                       #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=1*100000                       #Young's modulus of copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pc=((alphac-alphas)*t*L)/((2*L/(As*Es)) +(L/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=2*Pc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pc=Pc/Ac                          #Stress in copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "ps=Ps/As                          #Stress in steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinlength=alphas*t*L+(Ps*L/(As*Es))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##example 8.30 page number 278\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=float(2)                   #internal pressure, N/mm^2\n",
-    "t=12                   #thickness of thin cylinder,mm\n",
-    "D=float(1000)                 #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=(p*D)/(2*t)          #Hoop stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_zNY63b3.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_zNY63b3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1204506a..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_zNY63b3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1325 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter8-SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.1 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "sectional area= 201.06 mm^2\n",
-      "stress= 198.94 N/mm^2\n",
-      "strain= 0.000994718394324 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 0.497 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40000)               #Load,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)              #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=500              #length of circular rod,mm\n",
-    "d=float(16)               #diameter of rod,mm\n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=(pi*(pow(d,2)))/4   #sectional area, mm^2\n",
-    "p=P/A                 #stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "e=p/E                 #strain\n",
-    "delta=(P*L)/(A*E)     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sectional area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"strain=\",e,\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.2 Page number243"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "area= 11.25 mm^2\n",
-      "Elongation= 1.6 mm\n",
-      "Hence, if measured length is 30.0 m.\n",
-      "Actual length is 30.0016 m\n",
-      "Actual length of line AB= 150.008 m.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(120)              # force applied during measurement,N\n",
-    "E=float(200000)           #Modulus of elasticity for steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(30)            #length of  Surveyor’s steel tape,mm\n",
-    "              \n",
-    " \n",
-    "A=15*0.75             #area, mm^2\n",
-    "delta=((P*L*1000)/(A*E))     #Elongation,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"area=\",round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Elongation=\",round(delta,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, if measured length is\", L,\"m.\"\n",
-    "print \"Actual length is\" ,round((L+(delta/1000)),6),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Actual length of line AB=\",round((150*(L+(delta/1000))/30),3),\"m.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.3 Page number 244\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Therefore, permissible stress\n",
-      "p= 142.857 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Load P= 160000.0 N\n",
-      "A= 1120.0 mm^2\n",
-      "d= 94.32 mm\n",
-      "t= 3.64 mm\n",
-      "Hence, use of light section is recommended.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Y=float(250)                 #Yield stress, N/mm^2\n",
-    "FOS=float(1.75)              #Factor of safety\n",
-    "P=float(160)                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=Y/FOS\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Therefore, permissible stress\"\n",
-    "print \"p=\",round(p,3), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Load P=\",P*1000,\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=P/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=P*1000/p           #area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"A=\",round(A),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#For hollow section of outer diameter ‘D’ and inner diameter ‘d’ A=pi*(D^2-d^2)/4\n",
-    "D=float(101.6)        #outer diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=sqrt(pow(D,2)-(4*A/pi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"d=\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=(D-d)/2\n",
-    "print \"t=\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hence, use of light section is recommended.\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.4 page number 245"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Area= 314.16 mm^2\n",
-      "Stress at elastic limit= 324.68 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Young's modulus E= 12732.4 N/mm^22\n",
-      "Percentage elongation= 28.0 %\n",
-      "Percentage reduction in area= 43.75 %\n",
-      "Ultimate Tensile Stress= 0.41 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration \n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=float(20)                                       #Diameter ,mm\n",
-    "Loadatelasticlimit=float(102)                  #Load at elastic limit,KN\n",
-    "P=80                                              #Load for extension of o.25mm , KN\n",
-    "delta=float(0.25)                                 #extension in specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "L=200                                             #gauge length of specimen of steel,mm\n",
-    "Finalextension=float(56)                         #total extension at fracture,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=(pi*pow(d,2))/4                                 #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Area=\", round(A,2),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stressatelasticlimit=Loadatelasticlimit*1000/A    #Stress at elastic limit,N/mm^2 \n",
-    "print \"Stress at elastic limit=\",round(Stressatelasticlimit,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000/A)*(delta*L)                            #Young’s modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus E=\", round(E,2),\"N/mm^22\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Percentageelongation=Finalextension*100/L       #percentage elongation,%\n",
-    "print \"Percentage elongation=\", round(Percentageelongation,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Initialarea=(pi*pow(d,2))/4\n",
-    "Finalarea=(pi*pow(15,2))/4                     # total extension at fracture is 56 mm and diameter at neck is 15 mm.\n",
-    "Percentagereductioninarea=(Initialarea-Finalarea)*100/Initialarea\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Percentage reduction in area=\",round(Percentagereductioninarea,2),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "UltimateLoad=130                               #Maximum Load=130,kN\n",
-    "UltimateTensileStress=UltimateLoad/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Ultimate Tensile Stress=\",round(UltimateTensileStress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.5 Page number247\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 56277.19 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(40)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=150                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=250                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*pow(20,2)/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L3=150                          #length of 3rd portion,mm\n",
-    "A3=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area of 3rd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2+Extension of portion 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2)+(P*1000*L3/A3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.6 Page number247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total extension of the bar= 0.5125 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                     #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                          #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=40*20                        #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E1=200000          # material 1  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "E2=100000          # material 2  Young’s modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2=800                          #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=30*20                        #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Extensionofportion1=(P*1000*L1)/(A1*E1)  #mm\n",
-    "Extensionofportion2=(P*1000*L2)/(A2*E2)  #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Totalextensionofthebar= Extensionofportion1 + Extensionofportion2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Total extension of the bar=\",round(Totalextensionofthebar,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.7 Page number248\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 200735.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(30)                                 #Load,KN\n",
-    "L1=600                                      #length of 1st portion,mm\n",
-    "A1=pi*pow(30,2)/4                           #Area of 1st portion,mm^2\n",
-    "L2=400                                      #length of 2nd portion,mm\n",
-    "A2=pi*(pow(30,2)-pow(10,2))/4               #Area of 2nd portion,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#E,Young's modulus ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Total extension= Extension of portion 1+Extension of portion 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension=(P*1000*L)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=float(0.222)                              #Total extension of the bar,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=((P*1000*L1/A1)+(P*1000*L2/A2))/T \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.10 Page number 251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 0.2113 mm\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n",
-      "delta2= 0.48 mm^2\n",
-      "Percentage error= 55.977 %\n",
-      "there is calculation mistake in book\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=10                    #steel flat thickness,mm\n",
-    "b1=float(60)                   #tapering from b1 to b2\n",
-    "b2=40\n",
-    "L=600                   #steel flat length\n",
-    "P=float(80)                    #Load,KN\n",
-    "E=2*100000              #Young's Modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of the tapering bar of rectangular section\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L*math.log((b1/b2),10))/(t*E*(b1-b2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,4),\"mm\"\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If averages cross-section is considered instead of tapering cross-section, extension is given by \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aav=(b1+b2)*t/2                    #mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*L)/(Aav*E)                #mm\n",
-    "print\"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta2-delta1)*100/delta2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Percentage error=\",round(P,3),\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"there is calculation mistake in book\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.11 page number251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "delta1= 1.194 mm\n",
-      "delta2= 0.265 mm\n",
-      "Total extension 1.459 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(200)                     #loading,KN\n",
-    "E=200*1000\n",
-    "d1=40                #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "A= pi*pow(d1,2)/4         #Area of uniform portion,mm^2 \n",
-    "L1=1500                    #length of uniform portion,mm \n",
-    "d2=60                      #diameter of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "L2=500                     #length of tapered section,mm\n",
-    "#Extensions of uniform portion and tapering portion are worked out separately and then added to get extension of the given bar. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Extension of uniform portion\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=(P*1000*L1)/(A*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta1=\",round(delta1,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=(P*1000*4*L2)/(E*pi*d1*d2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"delta2=\",round(delta2,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=delta1 + delta2 \n",
-    "print \"Total extension\",round(T,3),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.13 page number259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Poisson's ratio= 0.3\n",
-      "E= 203718.33 N/mm^2\n",
-      "G= 78353.2 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 169765.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=float(60)               #load,KN\n",
-    "d=float(25)               #diameter,mm\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(d,2)/4    #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "L=float(200)              #gauge length,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=0.12         #extension,mm\n",
-    "deltad=0.0045      #contraction in diameter,mm\n",
-    "Linearstrain=delta/L\n",
-    "Lateralstrain=deltad/d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pr=Lateralstrain/Linearstrain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's ratio=\",round(Pr,1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(P*1000*L)/(A*delta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(E,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))                      #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\",round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-(2*Pr)))                 #bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\",round(K,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.14 page number 260"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "G= 76923.1 N/mm^2\n",
-      "K= 166666.67 N/mm^2\n",
-      "change in volume 60.0 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pr=float(0.3)                   #poisson's ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=E/(2*(1+Pr))           #Rigidity modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*(Pr)))        #Bulk modulus\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"G=\", round(G,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"K=\", round(K,2), \"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=60                           #Load,kN\n",
-    "A=pi*pow(25,2)/4               #Area,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Stress=P*1000/A                     #N/mm^2\n",
-    "#Linear strain,ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=Stress/E\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Lateralstrain,ey,ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ey=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "ez=-1*Pr*ex\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#volumetric strain,ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=pi*pow(25,2)*500/4\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"change in volume\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.15 page number261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in volume= 10.8 mm^3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "# Let the x, y, z be the mutually perpendicular directions\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=float(0.3)\n",
-    "PX=float(15)                        #Loading in x-direction,KN\n",
-    "PY=float(80)                        #Loading in Y-direction(compressive),KN\n",
-    "PZ=float(180)                       #Loading in Z-direction,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Area in X-,Y-,Z-Direction is AX,AY,AZ respectively,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AX=float(10*30)\n",
-    "AY=float(10*400)\n",
-    "AZ=float(30*400)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#stress devoloped in X-,Y-,Z- direction as px,py,pz respectively,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "px=PX*1000/AX\n",
-    "py=PY*1000/AY\n",
-    "pz=PZ*1000/AZ\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Noting that a stress produces a strain of p/E in its own direction, the nature being same as that of stress and µ p E in lateral direction of opposite nature, and taking tensile stress as +ve, we can write expression for strains ex, ey, ez.\n",
-    "E=2*100000                       #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ex=(px/E)+(pr*py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ey=(-pr*px/E)-(py/E)-(pr*pz/E)\n",
-    "ez=(-pr*px/E)+(pr*py/E)+(pz/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ev=ex+ey+ez                 #Volumetric strain\n",
-    "\n",
-    "volume=10*30*400\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinvolume=ev*volume\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Change in volume=\",round(Changeinvolume,2),\"mm^3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.17 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "poisson's Ratio= 0.346\n",
-      "Bulk modulus= 227500.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=float(2.1*100000)         #Young’s modulus of the material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "G=float(0.78*100000)        #modulus of rigidity,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"poisson's Ratio=\",round(pr,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=E/(3*(1-2*pr))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Bulk modulus=\",round(K,3),\"N/mm^2\" "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.18 page number 263"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Young's modulus= 102857.143 N\n",
-      "Poisson's Ratio 0.2857\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "G=float(0.4*100000)      #modulus of rigidity of material,N/mm^2\n",
-    "K=float(0.8*100000)      #bulk modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "E=(9*G*K)/(3*K+G)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Young's modulus=\",round(E,3),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pr=(E/(2*G))-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Poisson's Ratio\",round(pr,4)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.19 page number 264"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Stress in aluminium strip= 23.08 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in steel strip= 46.15 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Extension of the compound bar= 0.138 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(600)                   #compound bar of length,mm\n",
-    "P=float(60)                    #compound bar when axial tensile force ,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=float(40*20)                #area of aluminium strip,mm^2\n",
-    "As=float(60*15)                #area of steel strip,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=1*100000             # elastic modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=2*100000             # elastic modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#load shared by aluminium strip be Pa and that shared by steel be Ps. Then from equilibrium condition Pa+Ps=P\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition, deltaAL=deltaS\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es)/(Aa*Ea))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Sias=Pa/Aa\n",
-    "print \"Stress in aluminium strip=\",round(Sias,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "Siss=Ps/As\n",
-    "print \"Stress in steel strip=\",round(Siss,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=600\n",
-    "#Extension of the compound bar \n",
-    "deltal=(Pa*L)/(Aa*Ea)\n",
-    "print\"Extension of the compound bar=\",round(deltal,3),\"mm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.20 page number 265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Copper= 75.76 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 126.27 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel rod ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)            #Young's modulus of copper tube,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "di=float(25)                           #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                           #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(di,2)/4               #Area of steel rod,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4   #Area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "P=120                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel rod and Pc is the load shared by the copper tube.\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Es)/(Ac*Ec))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in copper, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Copper=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.21 page number 266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Concrete= 4.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 81.2 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Es/Ec=18(given)\n",
-    "Er=float(18)                #young modulus ratio Er=Es/Ec\n",
-    "d=float(16)                           #steel bar diameter,mm\n",
-    "#8 steel bars\n",
-    "As=8*pi*pow(d,2)/4               #Area of steel bar,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=(300*500)-As                      #Area of concrete,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=800                           #Compressive force, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+Pc=P,where Ps is the load shared by steel bar and Pc is the load shared by the Concrete\n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=(P*1000)/(1+((As*Er)/(Ac)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pc*((As*Er)/(Ac))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIC=Pc/Ac            #stress in Concrete, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Concrete=\",round(SIC,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.22 page number 267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in Aluminium= 66.96 N/mm^2\n",
-      "stress in Steel= 89.29 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)              #Young's modulus of steel  ,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ea=float(1*100000)            #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ls=240                        #length of steel,mm\n",
-    "La=160                        #length of aluminium,mm\n",
-    "Aa=1200               #Area of aluminium,mm^2\n",
-    "As=1000               #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "P=250                           #load, KN\n",
-    "#From equation of equilibrium, Ps+2Pa=P,et force shared by each aluminium pillar be Pa and that shared by steel pillar be Ps. \n",
-    "#From compatibility condition,deltaS=deltaC\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pa=(P*1000)/(2+((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls)))\n",
-    "Ps=Pa*((As*Es*La)/(Aa*Ea*Ls))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "SIA=Pa/Aa            #stress in aluminium, N/mm^2\n",
-    "SIS=Ps/As            #stress in steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in Aluminium=\",round(SIA,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"stress in Steel=\",round(SIS,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.23 page number 268\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ps= 91.73 N/mm^2\n",
-      "pc= 44.96 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let the force shared by bolt be Ps and that by tube be Pc. Since there is no external force, static equilibrium condition gives Ps + Pc = 0 or Ps = – Pc i.e., the two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in nature. Obviously bolt is in tension and tube is in compression.\n",
-    "#Let the magnitude of force be P. Due to quarter turn of the nut\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[Note. Pitch means advancement of nut in one full turn] \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ls=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "Lc=float(600)                      #length of whole assembly,mm\n",
-    "delta=float(0.5)\n",
-    "ds=float(20)                       #diameter,mm\n",
-    "di=float(28)                       #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "de=float(40)                       #external diameter,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000)                 #Young's modulus, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=float(1.2*100000)\n",
-    "As=pi*pow(ds,2)/4                  #area of steel bolt,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=pi*(pow(de,2)-pow(di,2))/4      #area of copper tube,mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P= (delta*(1/Ls))/((1/(As*Es))+(1/(Ac*Ec))) #Load,N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As                          #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "pc=P/Ac                          #copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ps=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"pc=\",round(pc,2),\"N/mm^2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.24 page number 271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) p= 52.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      "(b) p= 27.8 \tN/mm^2\n",
-      " (iii) delta= 1.968 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "E=float(2*100000)               #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)       #expansion coeffecient,/°c\n",
-    "L=float(12)                     #length,m\n",
-    "t=float(40-18)                  #temperature difference,°c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L*1000          #free expansion of the rails,mm    \n",
-    "# Provide a minimum gap of 3.168 mm between the rails, so that temperature stresses do not develop\n",
-    "       \n",
-    "# a) If no expansion joint is provided, free expansion prevented is equal to 3.168 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#delta=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=(delta*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a) p=\", round(p1,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b) If a gap of 1.5 mm is provided, free expansion prevented delta2 = 3.168 – 1.5 = 1.668 mm.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta2=1.668       #mm\n",
-    "#delta2=(P*L)/(A*E) & p=P/A where p is stress, P,A is load,area \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p2=(delta2*E)/(L*1000)     #stress developed , N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(b) p=\", round(p2,1),\"\tN/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# If the stress developed is 20 N/mm2, then p = P/ A\n",
-    "p3=20                      #stress developed,N/mm^2\n",
-    "delta3=delta-(p3*L*1000/E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \" (iii) delta=\",round(delta3,3),\"mm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.25 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress p= 360.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Let D be the diameter of ring after heating and ‘d’ be its diameter before heating\n",
-    "D=float(1.2*1000)                #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Circumference of ring after heating Ca= pi*D & Circumference of ring before heating Cb= pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ca=pi*D\n",
-    "Cb=pi*d\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)            #coefficient of expansion,/°C\n",
-    "t=150                             #temperature change,°C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                        #young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "d=(Ca-Cb)/(alphas*t*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when it cools expansion prevented\n",
-    "#delta=pi*(D-d)\n",
-    "delta=alphas*t*pi*d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(delta*Es)/(pi*d)              #stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress p=\",round(p,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.26 page number 272\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P= 12907.3 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ea=70*1000              #Young's modulus of aluminium,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Es=200*1000             #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alphaa=float(0.000011)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)  #expansion coefficient,/°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Aa=600                  #Area of aluminium portion,mm^2\n",
-    "As=400                  #Area of steel, mm^2\n",
-    "La=float(1.5)                  #length of aluminium portion,m\n",
-    "Ls=float(3.0)                  #length of steel portion,m\n",
-    "t=18                           #temperature,°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=(alphaa*t*La*1000)+(alphas*t*Ls*1000)      #mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta)/(((La*1000)/(Aa*Ea))+((Ls*1000)/(As*Es)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"P=\" ,round(P,1),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example8.27 page number 273"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding maximum stress =  120.0 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=float(25)                 # variation linearly in diameter from 25 mm to 50 mm \n",
-    "d2=float(50)\n",
-    "L=float(500)                 #length,mm\n",
-    "alpha=float(0.000012)        #expansion coeffecient,/°C\n",
-    "t=25                  #rise in temperture,°C\n",
-    "E=2*100000            #Young's modulus,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=alpha*t*L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#If P is the force developed by supports, then it can cause a contraction of 4*P*L/(pi*d1*d2*E)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=(delta*pi*d1*d2*E)/(4*L)\n",
-    "Am=pi*pow(d1,2)/4\n",
-    "Ms=P/Am\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Corresponding maximum stress = \",round(Ms,1),\"N/mm^2\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.28 page number 275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "stress in steel= 12.17 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Stress in brass= 36.51 N/mm^2\n",
-      "Shear stress in pin 18.26 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Db=float(20)                     #diameter of brass rod,mm\n",
-    "Dse=float(40)                    #external diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Dsi=float(20)                    #internal diameter of steel tube,mm\n",
-    "Es=float(2*100000 )              #Young's modulus steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "Eb=float(1*100000 )              #Young's modulus brass, N/mm^2\n",
-    "alphas=float(0.0000116)          #coeffcient of expansion of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphab=float(0.0000187)          #coeffcient of expansion of brass,/°C\n",
-    "t=60                             #raise in temperature, °C\n",
-    "As=pi*(pow(Dse,2)-pow(Dsi,2))/4  #Area of steel tube, mm^2\n",
-    "Ab=pi*(pow(Db,2))/4                #Area of brass rod,mm^2\n",
-    "L=1200                           #length,mm\n",
-    "#Since free expansion of brass  is more than free expansion of steel , compressive force Pb develops in brass and tensile force Ps develops in steel to keep the final position at CC \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Horizontal equilibrium condition gives Pb = Ps, say P. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P=((alphab-alphas)*t*L)/((L/(As*Es))+(L/(Ab*Eb)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ps=P/As\n",
-    "pb=P/Ab\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"stress in steel=\",round(ps,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "print \"Stress in brass=\",round(pb,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the pin resist the force P at the two cross- sections at junction of two bars.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Shearstress=P/(2*Ab)\n",
-    "print \"Shear stress in pin\",round(Shearstress,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 8.29 page number 276"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in length= 1.07 mm\n",
-      "Hoop stress f= 83.33 N/mm^2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=float(1000)                     #length of the bar at normal temperature,mm\n",
-    "As=float(50*10)                   #Area of steel,mm^2\n",
-    "Ac=float(40*5)                    #Area of copper,mm^2\n",
-    "#Ac = Free expansion of copper  is greater than free expansion of steel  . To bring them to the same position, tensile force Ps acts on steel plate and compressive force Pc acts on each copper plate. \n",
-    "alphas=float(0.000012)                   #Expansion of coeffcient of steel,/°C\n",
-    "alphac=float(0.000017 )                  #Expansion of coeffcient of copper,/°C\n",
-    "t=80                              #raise by temperature, °C\n",
-    "Es=2*100000                       #Young's modulus of steel,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Ec=1*100000                       #Young's modulus of copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "Pc=((alphac-alphas)*t*L)/((2*L/(As*Es)) +(L/(Ac*Ec)))\n",
-    "Ps=2*Pc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pc=Pc/Ac                          #Stress in copper,N/mm^2\n",
-    "ps=Ps/As                          #Stress in steel, N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Changeinlength=alphas*t*L+(Ps*L/(As*Es))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"Change in length=\",round(Changeinlength,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "##example 8.30 page number 278\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=float(2)                   #internal pressure, N/mm^2\n",
-    "t=12                   #thickness of thin cylinder,mm\n",
-    "D=float(1000)                 #internal diameter,mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=(p*D)/(2*t)          #Hoop stress,N/mm^2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Hoop stress f=\",round(f,2),\"N/mm^2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_0AhnrOb.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_0AhnrOb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6496faeb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_0AhnrOb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,466 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter9-Beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.1 page number 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 18.8684 KN\n",
-      "RA= 29.989 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 25.21 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(10)                                     #Vertical down Load at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(15)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 30° at 6m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° at 10m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta2=30\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)+P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*4+P2*6*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*10*sin(theta3*pi/180))/12         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)+P1-Rb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.2 page number 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.4475 KN\n",
-      "RA= 87.0172 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 79.45 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #inclined down to right Load at angle 60 at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(80)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 75° at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(50)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 60° at 5.5m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta1=60                                    \n",
-    "theta2=75\n",
-    "theta3=60\n",
-    "thetaRb=60\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A is Ha,Va  respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*3*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*5.5*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(6*sin(thetaRb*pi/180))         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "Ha=-P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)+P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)-P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)+Rb*cos(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Rb*sin(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.3 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RA= 91.6503 KN\n",
-      "HB= 42.4264 KN\n",
-      "VB= 90.7761 KN\n",
-      "RB= 100.2013 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 64.95 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(30)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 6m from A,KN/m(in 4m of span)\n",
-    "P3=float(60)                                     #Inclined down to right Load at angle 45° at 7m from A,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at  B is  Hb,Vb respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=(P1*7+P2*4*5+P3*2*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(9)     #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Hb=P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"HB=\",round(Hb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Vb=P1+P2*4+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Ra\n",
-    "print \"VB=\",round(Vb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=sqrt(pow(Hb,2)+pow(Vb,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Vb/Hb))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.4 page number 288"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 74.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 148.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be Ha, Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(12)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN \n",
-    "P3=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(16)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2+P3\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*2+P2*3+P3*4\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.5 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 65.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 165.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(15)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 5m from A,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 4m distance from A, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*3+P2*5+M\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.6 page number 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.0 KN\n",
-      "RA= 30.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#As supports A and B are simple supports and loading is only in vertical direction, the reactions RA and RB are in vertical directions only.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(40)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 6.5m from A,KN                   \n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 5m from A,KN/m(in 3m of span).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(Pu*3*3.5+P1*1+P2*6.5)/5\n",
-    "print \"RB=\", round(Rb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ra=Pu*3+P1+P2-Rb\n",
-    "print \"RA=\", round(Ra,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.7 page number 289\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VB= 50.0 KN\n",
-      "VA= 70.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma.\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A to right,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 11m from A to right,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 7m distance from A to right, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A to left ,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Vb=(-Pu*2*1+P1*4+P2*11+M)/9\n",
-    "print \"VB=\", round(Vb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2-Vb\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.8 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 71.011 KN\n",
-      "(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \n",
-      "RA= 23.3666 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 24.79 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° to left at 5m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniformly distributed load from 6m to 8m from A ,KN,(2m of span)\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "M=40                                             #ACW moment at 3m from A, KN-m\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(M+P1*5*sin(theta1*pi/180)+Pu*2*7)/6         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)-Rb+Pu*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Va1=-1*Va\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va1/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.9 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X= 5.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the left support C be at a distance x metres from A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                        #vertical down load at A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(6)                         #uniform distributed load over whole span,KN/m,(20m of span)\n",
-    "P2=float(50)                        #vertical down load at B, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Rc=Rd(given) reaction at C & D is equal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rc=(P1+P2+Pu*20)/2\n",
-    "Rd=Rc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at A \n",
-    "x=(((Pu*20*10+P2*20)/100)-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"X=\", round(x,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_8K1gGKx.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_8K1gGKx.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6496faeb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_8K1gGKx.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,466 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter9-Beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.1 page number 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 18.8684 KN\n",
-      "RA= 29.989 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 25.21 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(10)                                     #Vertical down Load at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(15)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 30° at 6m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° at 10m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta2=30\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)+P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*4+P2*6*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*10*sin(theta3*pi/180))/12         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)+P1-Rb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.2 page number 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.4475 KN\n",
-      "RA= 87.0172 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 79.45 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #inclined down to right Load at angle 60 at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(80)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 75° at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(50)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 60° at 5.5m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta1=60                                    \n",
-    "theta2=75\n",
-    "theta3=60\n",
-    "thetaRb=60\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A is Ha,Va  respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*3*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*5.5*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(6*sin(thetaRb*pi/180))         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "Ha=-P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)+P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)-P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)+Rb*cos(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Rb*sin(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.3 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RA= 91.6503 KN\n",
-      "HB= 42.4264 KN\n",
-      "VB= 90.7761 KN\n",
-      "RB= 100.2013 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 64.95 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(30)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 6m from A,KN/m(in 4m of span)\n",
-    "P3=float(60)                                     #Inclined down to right Load at angle 45° at 7m from A,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at  B is  Hb,Vb respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=(P1*7+P2*4*5+P3*2*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(9)     #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Hb=P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"HB=\",round(Hb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Vb=P1+P2*4+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Ra\n",
-    "print \"VB=\",round(Vb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=sqrt(pow(Hb,2)+pow(Vb,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Vb/Hb))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.4 page number 288"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 74.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 148.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be Ha, Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(12)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN \n",
-    "P3=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(16)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2+P3\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*2+P2*3+P3*4\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.5 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 65.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 165.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(15)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 5m from A,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 4m distance from A, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*3+P2*5+M\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.6 page number 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.0 KN\n",
-      "RA= 30.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#As supports A and B are simple supports and loading is only in vertical direction, the reactions RA and RB are in vertical directions only.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(40)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 6.5m from A,KN                   \n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 5m from A,KN/m(in 3m of span).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(Pu*3*3.5+P1*1+P2*6.5)/5\n",
-    "print \"RB=\", round(Rb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ra=Pu*3+P1+P2-Rb\n",
-    "print \"RA=\", round(Ra,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.7 page number 289\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VB= 50.0 KN\n",
-      "VA= 70.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma.\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A to right,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 11m from A to right,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 7m distance from A to right, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A to left ,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Vb=(-Pu*2*1+P1*4+P2*11+M)/9\n",
-    "print \"VB=\", round(Vb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2-Vb\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.8 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 71.011 KN\n",
-      "(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \n",
-      "RA= 23.3666 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 24.79 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° to left at 5m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniformly distributed load from 6m to 8m from A ,KN,(2m of span)\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "M=40                                             #ACW moment at 3m from A, KN-m\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(M+P1*5*sin(theta1*pi/180)+Pu*2*7)/6         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)-Rb+Pu*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Va1=-1*Va\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va1/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.9 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X= 5.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the left support C be at a distance x metres from A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                        #vertical down load at A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(6)                         #uniform distributed load over whole span,KN/m,(20m of span)\n",
-    "P2=float(50)                        #vertical down load at B, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Rc=Rd(given) reaction at C & D is equal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rc=(P1+P2+Pu*20)/2\n",
-    "Rd=Rc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at A \n",
-    "x=(((Pu*20*10+P2*20)/100)-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"X=\", round(x,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_E4M5MRA.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_E4M5MRA.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6496faeb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_E4M5MRA.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,466 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter9-Beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.1 page number 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 18.8684 KN\n",
-      "RA= 29.989 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 25.21 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(10)                                     #Vertical down Load at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(15)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 30° at 6m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° at 10m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta2=30\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)+P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*4+P2*6*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*10*sin(theta3*pi/180))/12         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)+P1-Rb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.2 page number 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.4475 KN\n",
-      "RA= 87.0172 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 79.45 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #inclined down to right Load at angle 60 at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(80)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 75° at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(50)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 60° at 5.5m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta1=60                                    \n",
-    "theta2=75\n",
-    "theta3=60\n",
-    "thetaRb=60\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A is Ha,Va  respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*3*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*5.5*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(6*sin(thetaRb*pi/180))         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "Ha=-P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)+P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)-P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)+Rb*cos(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Rb*sin(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.3 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RA= 91.6503 KN\n",
-      "HB= 42.4264 KN\n",
-      "VB= 90.7761 KN\n",
-      "RB= 100.2013 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 64.95 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(30)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 6m from A,KN/m(in 4m of span)\n",
-    "P3=float(60)                                     #Inclined down to right Load at angle 45° at 7m from A,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at  B is  Hb,Vb respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=(P1*7+P2*4*5+P3*2*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(9)     #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Hb=P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"HB=\",round(Hb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Vb=P1+P2*4+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Ra\n",
-    "print \"VB=\",round(Vb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=sqrt(pow(Hb,2)+pow(Vb,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Vb/Hb))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.4 page number 288"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 74.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 148.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be Ha, Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(12)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN \n",
-    "P3=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(16)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2+P3\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*2+P2*3+P3*4\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.5 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 65.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 165.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(15)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 5m from A,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 4m distance from A, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*3+P2*5+M\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.6 page number 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.0 KN\n",
-      "RA= 30.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#As supports A and B are simple supports and loading is only in vertical direction, the reactions RA and RB are in vertical directions only.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(40)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 6.5m from A,KN                   \n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 5m from A,KN/m(in 3m of span).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(Pu*3*3.5+P1*1+P2*6.5)/5\n",
-    "print \"RB=\", round(Rb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ra=Pu*3+P1+P2-Rb\n",
-    "print \"RA=\", round(Ra,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.7 page number 289\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VB= 50.0 KN\n",
-      "VA= 70.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma.\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A to right,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 11m from A to right,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 7m distance from A to right, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A to left ,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Vb=(-Pu*2*1+P1*4+P2*11+M)/9\n",
-    "print \"VB=\", round(Vb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2-Vb\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.8 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 71.011 KN\n",
-      "(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \n",
-      "RA= 23.3666 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 24.79 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° to left at 5m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniformly distributed load from 6m to 8m from A ,KN,(2m of span)\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "M=40                                             #ACW moment at 3m from A, KN-m\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(M+P1*5*sin(theta1*pi/180)+Pu*2*7)/6         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)-Rb+Pu*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Va1=-1*Va\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va1/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.9 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X= 5.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the left support C be at a distance x metres from A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                        #vertical down load at A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(6)                         #uniform distributed load over whole span,KN/m,(20m of span)\n",
-    "P2=float(50)                        #vertical down load at B, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Rc=Rd(given) reaction at C & D is equal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rc=(P1+P2+Pu*20)/2\n",
-    "Rd=Rc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at A \n",
-    "x=(((Pu*20*10+P2*20)/100)-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"X=\", round(x,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_Ivqhz8T.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_Ivqhz8T.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6496faeb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_Ivqhz8T.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,466 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter9-Beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.1 page number 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 18.8684 KN\n",
-      "RA= 29.989 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 25.21 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(10)                                     #Vertical down Load at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(15)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 30° at 6m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° at 10m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta2=30\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)+P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*4+P2*6*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*10*sin(theta3*pi/180))/12         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)+P1-Rb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.2 page number 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.4475 KN\n",
-      "RA= 87.0172 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 79.45 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #inclined down to right Load at angle 60 at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(80)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 75° at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(50)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 60° at 5.5m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta1=60                                    \n",
-    "theta2=75\n",
-    "theta3=60\n",
-    "thetaRb=60\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A is Ha,Va  respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*3*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*5.5*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(6*sin(thetaRb*pi/180))         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "Ha=-P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)+P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)-P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)+Rb*cos(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Rb*sin(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.3 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RA= 91.6503 KN\n",
-      "HB= 42.4264 KN\n",
-      "VB= 90.7761 KN\n",
-      "RB= 100.2013 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 64.95 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(30)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 6m from A,KN/m(in 4m of span)\n",
-    "P3=float(60)                                     #Inclined down to right Load at angle 45° at 7m from A,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at  B is  Hb,Vb respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=(P1*7+P2*4*5+P3*2*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(9)     #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Hb=P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"HB=\",round(Hb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Vb=P1+P2*4+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Ra\n",
-    "print \"VB=\",round(Vb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=sqrt(pow(Hb,2)+pow(Vb,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Vb/Hb))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.4 page number 288"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 74.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 148.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be Ha, Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(12)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN \n",
-    "P3=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(16)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2+P3\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*2+P2*3+P3*4\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.5 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 65.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 165.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(15)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 5m from A,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 4m distance from A, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*3+P2*5+M\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.6 page number 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.0 KN\n",
-      "RA= 30.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#As supports A and B are simple supports and loading is only in vertical direction, the reactions RA and RB are in vertical directions only.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(40)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 6.5m from A,KN                   \n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 5m from A,KN/m(in 3m of span).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(Pu*3*3.5+P1*1+P2*6.5)/5\n",
-    "print \"RB=\", round(Rb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ra=Pu*3+P1+P2-Rb\n",
-    "print \"RA=\", round(Ra,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.7 page number 289\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VB= 50.0 KN\n",
-      "VA= 70.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma.\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A to right,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 11m from A to right,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 7m distance from A to right, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A to left ,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Vb=(-Pu*2*1+P1*4+P2*11+M)/9\n",
-    "print \"VB=\", round(Vb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2-Vb\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.8 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 71.011 KN\n",
-      "(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \n",
-      "RA= 23.3666 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 24.79 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° to left at 5m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniformly distributed load from 6m to 8m from A ,KN,(2m of span)\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "M=40                                             #ACW moment at 3m from A, KN-m\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(M+P1*5*sin(theta1*pi/180)+Pu*2*7)/6         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)-Rb+Pu*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Va1=-1*Va\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va1/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.9 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X= 5.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the left support C be at a distance x metres from A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                        #vertical down load at A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(6)                         #uniform distributed load over whole span,KN/m,(20m of span)\n",
-    "P2=float(50)                        #vertical down load at B, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Rc=Rd(given) reaction at C & D is equal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rc=(P1+P2+Pu*20)/2\n",
-    "Rd=Rc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at A \n",
-    "x=(((Pu*20*10+P2*20)/100)-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"X=\", round(x,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_MlExdPk.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_MlExdPk.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6496faeb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_MlExdPk.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,466 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter9-Beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.1 page number 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 18.8684 KN\n",
-      "RA= 29.989 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 25.21 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(10)                                     #Vertical down Load at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(15)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 30° at 6m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° at 10m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta2=30\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)+P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*4+P2*6*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*10*sin(theta3*pi/180))/12         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)+P1-Rb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.2 page number 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.4475 KN\n",
-      "RA= 87.0172 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 79.45 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #inclined down to right Load at angle 60 at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(80)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 75° at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(50)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 60° at 5.5m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta1=60                                    \n",
-    "theta2=75\n",
-    "theta3=60\n",
-    "thetaRb=60\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A is Ha,Va  respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*3*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*5.5*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(6*sin(thetaRb*pi/180))         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "Ha=-P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)+P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)-P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)+Rb*cos(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Rb*sin(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.3 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RA= 91.6503 KN\n",
-      "HB= 42.4264 KN\n",
-      "VB= 90.7761 KN\n",
-      "RB= 100.2013 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 64.95 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(30)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 6m from A,KN/m(in 4m of span)\n",
-    "P3=float(60)                                     #Inclined down to right Load at angle 45° at 7m from A,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at  B is  Hb,Vb respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=(P1*7+P2*4*5+P3*2*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(9)     #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Hb=P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"HB=\",round(Hb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Vb=P1+P2*4+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Ra\n",
-    "print \"VB=\",round(Vb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=sqrt(pow(Hb,2)+pow(Vb,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Vb/Hb))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.4 page number 288"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 74.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 148.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be Ha, Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(12)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN \n",
-    "P3=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(16)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2+P3\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*2+P2*3+P3*4\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.5 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 65.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 165.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(15)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 5m from A,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 4m distance from A, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*3+P2*5+M\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.6 page number 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.0 KN\n",
-      "RA= 30.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#As supports A and B are simple supports and loading is only in vertical direction, the reactions RA and RB are in vertical directions only.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(40)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 6.5m from A,KN                   \n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 5m from A,KN/m(in 3m of span).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(Pu*3*3.5+P1*1+P2*6.5)/5\n",
-    "print \"RB=\", round(Rb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ra=Pu*3+P1+P2-Rb\n",
-    "print \"RA=\", round(Ra,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.7 page number 289\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VB= 50.0 KN\n",
-      "VA= 70.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma.\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A to right,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 11m from A to right,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 7m distance from A to right, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A to left ,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Vb=(-Pu*2*1+P1*4+P2*11+M)/9\n",
-    "print \"VB=\", round(Vb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2-Vb\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.8 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 71.011 KN\n",
-      "(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \n",
-      "RA= 23.3666 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 24.79 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° to left at 5m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniformly distributed load from 6m to 8m from A ,KN,(2m of span)\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "M=40                                             #ACW moment at 3m from A, KN-m\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(M+P1*5*sin(theta1*pi/180)+Pu*2*7)/6         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)-Rb+Pu*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Va1=-1*Va\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va1/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.9 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X= 5.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the left support C be at a distance x metres from A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                        #vertical down load at A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(6)                         #uniform distributed load over whole span,KN/m,(20m of span)\n",
-    "P2=float(50)                        #vertical down load at B, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Rc=Rd(given) reaction at C & D is equal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rc=(P1+P2+Pu*20)/2\n",
-    "Rd=Rc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at A \n",
-    "x=(((Pu*20*10+P2*20)/100)-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"X=\", round(x,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_ZSvbidk.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_ZSvbidk.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6496faeb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_ZSvbidk.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,466 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter9-Beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.1 page number 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 18.8684 KN\n",
-      "RA= 29.989 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 25.21 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(10)                                     #Vertical down Load at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(15)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 30° at 6m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° at 10m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta2=30\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)+P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*4+P2*6*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*10*sin(theta3*pi/180))/12         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)+P1-Rb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.2 page number 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.4475 KN\n",
-      "RA= 87.0172 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 79.45 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #inclined down to right Load at angle 60 at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(80)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 75° at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(50)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 60° at 5.5m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta1=60                                    \n",
-    "theta2=75\n",
-    "theta3=60\n",
-    "thetaRb=60\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A is Ha,Va  respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*3*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*5.5*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(6*sin(thetaRb*pi/180))         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "Ha=-P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)+P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)-P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)+Rb*cos(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Rb*sin(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.3 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RA= 91.6503 KN\n",
-      "HB= 42.4264 KN\n",
-      "VB= 90.7761 KN\n",
-      "RB= 100.2013 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 64.95 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(30)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 6m from A,KN/m(in 4m of span)\n",
-    "P3=float(60)                                     #Inclined down to right Load at angle 45° at 7m from A,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at  B is  Hb,Vb respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=(P1*7+P2*4*5+P3*2*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(9)     #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Hb=P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"HB=\",round(Hb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Vb=P1+P2*4+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Ra\n",
-    "print \"VB=\",round(Vb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=sqrt(pow(Hb,2)+pow(Vb,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Vb/Hb))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.4 page number 288"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 74.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 148.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be Ha, Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(12)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN \n",
-    "P3=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(16)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2+P3\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*2+P2*3+P3*4\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.5 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 65.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 165.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(15)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 5m from A,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 4m distance from A, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*3+P2*5+M\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.6 page number 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.0 KN\n",
-      "RA= 30.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#As supports A and B are simple supports and loading is only in vertical direction, the reactions RA and RB are in vertical directions only.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(40)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 6.5m from A,KN                   \n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 5m from A,KN/m(in 3m of span).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(Pu*3*3.5+P1*1+P2*6.5)/5\n",
-    "print \"RB=\", round(Rb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ra=Pu*3+P1+P2-Rb\n",
-    "print \"RA=\", round(Ra,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.7 page number 289\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VB= 50.0 KN\n",
-      "VA= 70.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma.\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A to right,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 11m from A to right,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 7m distance from A to right, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A to left ,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Vb=(-Pu*2*1+P1*4+P2*11+M)/9\n",
-    "print \"VB=\", round(Vb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2-Vb\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.8 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 71.011 KN\n",
-      "(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \n",
-      "RA= 23.3666 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 24.79 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° to left at 5m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniformly distributed load from 6m to 8m from A ,KN,(2m of span)\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "M=40                                             #ACW moment at 3m from A, KN-m\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(M+P1*5*sin(theta1*pi/180)+Pu*2*7)/6         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)-Rb+Pu*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Va1=-1*Va\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va1/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.9 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X= 5.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the left support C be at a distance x metres from A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                        #vertical down load at A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(6)                         #uniform distributed load over whole span,KN/m,(20m of span)\n",
-    "P2=float(50)                        #vertical down load at B, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Rc=Rd(given) reaction at C & D is equal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rc=(P1+P2+Pu*20)/2\n",
-    "Rd=Rc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at A \n",
-    "x=(((Pu*20*10+P2*20)/100)-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"X=\", round(x,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_f3CqV2f.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_f3CqV2f.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6496faeb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_f3CqV2f.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,466 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter9-Beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.1 page number 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 18.8684 KN\n",
-      "RA= 29.989 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 25.21 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(10)                                     #Vertical down Load at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(15)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 30° at 6m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° at 10m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta2=30\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)+P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*4+P2*6*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*10*sin(theta3*pi/180))/12         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)+P1-Rb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.2 page number 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.4475 KN\n",
-      "RA= 87.0172 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 79.45 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #inclined down to right Load at angle 60 at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(80)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 75° at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(50)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 60° at 5.5m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta1=60                                    \n",
-    "theta2=75\n",
-    "theta3=60\n",
-    "thetaRb=60\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A is Ha,Va  respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*3*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*5.5*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(6*sin(thetaRb*pi/180))         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "Ha=-P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)+P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)-P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)+Rb*cos(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Rb*sin(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.3 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RA= 91.6503 KN\n",
-      "HB= 42.4264 KN\n",
-      "VB= 90.7761 KN\n",
-      "RB= 100.2013 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 64.95 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(30)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 6m from A,KN/m(in 4m of span)\n",
-    "P3=float(60)                                     #Inclined down to right Load at angle 45° at 7m from A,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at  B is  Hb,Vb respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=(P1*7+P2*4*5+P3*2*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(9)     #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Hb=P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"HB=\",round(Hb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Vb=P1+P2*4+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Ra\n",
-    "print \"VB=\",round(Vb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=sqrt(pow(Hb,2)+pow(Vb,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Vb/Hb))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.4 page number 288"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 74.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 148.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be Ha, Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(12)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN \n",
-    "P3=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(16)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2+P3\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*2+P2*3+P3*4\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.5 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 65.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 165.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(15)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 5m from A,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 4m distance from A, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*3+P2*5+M\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.6 page number 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.0 KN\n",
-      "RA= 30.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#As supports A and B are simple supports and loading is only in vertical direction, the reactions RA and RB are in vertical directions only.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(40)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 6.5m from A,KN                   \n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 5m from A,KN/m(in 3m of span).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(Pu*3*3.5+P1*1+P2*6.5)/5\n",
-    "print \"RB=\", round(Rb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ra=Pu*3+P1+P2-Rb\n",
-    "print \"RA=\", round(Ra,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.7 page number 289\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VB= 50.0 KN\n",
-      "VA= 70.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma.\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A to right,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 11m from A to right,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 7m distance from A to right, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A to left ,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Vb=(-Pu*2*1+P1*4+P2*11+M)/9\n",
-    "print \"VB=\", round(Vb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2-Vb\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.8 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 71.011 KN\n",
-      "(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \n",
-      "RA= 23.3666 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 24.79 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° to left at 5m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniformly distributed load from 6m to 8m from A ,KN,(2m of span)\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "M=40                                             #ACW moment at 3m from A, KN-m\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(M+P1*5*sin(theta1*pi/180)+Pu*2*7)/6         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)-Rb+Pu*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Va1=-1*Va\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va1/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.9 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X= 5.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the left support C be at a distance x metres from A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                        #vertical down load at A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(6)                         #uniform distributed load over whole span,KN/m,(20m of span)\n",
-    "P2=float(50)                        #vertical down load at B, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Rc=Rd(given) reaction at C & D is equal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rc=(P1+P2+Pu*20)/2\n",
-    "Rd=Rc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at A \n",
-    "x=(((Pu*20*10+P2*20)/100)-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"X=\", round(x,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_lYxlTcT.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_lYxlTcT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6496faeb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_lYxlTcT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,466 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter9-Beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.1 page number 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 18.8684 KN\n",
-      "RA= 29.989 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 25.21 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(10)                                     #Vertical down Load at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(15)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 30° at 6m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° at 10m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta2=30\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)+P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*4+P2*6*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*10*sin(theta3*pi/180))/12         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)+P1-Rb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.2 page number 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.4475 KN\n",
-      "RA= 87.0172 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 79.45 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #inclined down to right Load at angle 60 at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(80)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 75° at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(50)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 60° at 5.5m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta1=60                                    \n",
-    "theta2=75\n",
-    "theta3=60\n",
-    "thetaRb=60\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A is Ha,Va  respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*3*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*5.5*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(6*sin(thetaRb*pi/180))         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "Ha=-P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)+P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)-P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)+Rb*cos(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Rb*sin(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.3 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RA= 91.6503 KN\n",
-      "HB= 42.4264 KN\n",
-      "VB= 90.7761 KN\n",
-      "RB= 100.2013 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 64.95 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(30)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 6m from A,KN/m(in 4m of span)\n",
-    "P3=float(60)                                     #Inclined down to right Load at angle 45° at 7m from A,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at  B is  Hb,Vb respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=(P1*7+P2*4*5+P3*2*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(9)     #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Hb=P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"HB=\",round(Hb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Vb=P1+P2*4+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Ra\n",
-    "print \"VB=\",round(Vb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=sqrt(pow(Hb,2)+pow(Vb,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Vb/Hb))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.4 page number 288"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 74.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 148.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be Ha, Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(12)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN \n",
-    "P3=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(16)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2+P3\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*2+P2*3+P3*4\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.5 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 65.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 165.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(15)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 5m from A,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 4m distance from A, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*3+P2*5+M\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.6 page number 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.0 KN\n",
-      "RA= 30.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#As supports A and B are simple supports and loading is only in vertical direction, the reactions RA and RB are in vertical directions only.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(40)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 6.5m from A,KN                   \n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 5m from A,KN/m(in 3m of span).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(Pu*3*3.5+P1*1+P2*6.5)/5\n",
-    "print \"RB=\", round(Rb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ra=Pu*3+P1+P2-Rb\n",
-    "print \"RA=\", round(Ra,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.7 page number 289\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VB= 50.0 KN\n",
-      "VA= 70.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma.\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A to right,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 11m from A to right,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 7m distance from A to right, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A to left ,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Vb=(-Pu*2*1+P1*4+P2*11+M)/9\n",
-    "print \"VB=\", round(Vb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2-Vb\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.8 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 71.011 KN\n",
-      "(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \n",
-      "RA= 23.3666 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 24.79 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° to left at 5m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniformly distributed load from 6m to 8m from A ,KN,(2m of span)\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "M=40                                             #ACW moment at 3m from A, KN-m\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(M+P1*5*sin(theta1*pi/180)+Pu*2*7)/6         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)-Rb+Pu*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Va1=-1*Va\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va1/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.9 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X= 5.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the left support C be at a distance x metres from A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                        #vertical down load at A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(6)                         #uniform distributed load over whole span,KN/m,(20m of span)\n",
-    "P2=float(50)                        #vertical down load at B, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Rc=Rd(given) reaction at C & D is equal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rc=(P1+P2+Pu*20)/2\n",
-    "Rd=Rc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at A \n",
-    "x=(((Pu*20*10+P2*20)/100)-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"X=\", round(x,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_u7ekl0N.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_u7ekl0N.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6496faeb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_u7ekl0N.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,466 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter9-Beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.1 page number 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 18.8684 KN\n",
-      "RA= 29.989 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 25.21 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(10)                                     #Vertical down Load at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(15)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 30° at 6m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° at 10m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta2=30\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)+P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*4+P2*6*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*10*sin(theta3*pi/180))/12         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)+P1-Rb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.2 page number 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.4475 KN\n",
-      "RA= 87.0172 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 79.45 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #inclined down to right Load at angle 60 at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(80)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 75° at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(50)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 60° at 5.5m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta1=60                                    \n",
-    "theta2=75\n",
-    "theta3=60\n",
-    "thetaRb=60\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A is Ha,Va  respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*3*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*5.5*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(6*sin(thetaRb*pi/180))         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "Ha=-P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)+P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)-P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)+Rb*cos(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Rb*sin(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.3 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RA= 91.6503 KN\n",
-      "HB= 42.4264 KN\n",
-      "VB= 90.7761 KN\n",
-      "RB= 100.2013 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 64.95 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(30)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 6m from A,KN/m(in 4m of span)\n",
-    "P3=float(60)                                     #Inclined down to right Load at angle 45° at 7m from A,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at  B is  Hb,Vb respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=(P1*7+P2*4*5+P3*2*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(9)     #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Hb=P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"HB=\",round(Hb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Vb=P1+P2*4+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Ra\n",
-    "print \"VB=\",round(Vb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=sqrt(pow(Hb,2)+pow(Vb,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Vb/Hb))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.4 page number 288"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 74.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 148.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be Ha, Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(12)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN \n",
-    "P3=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(16)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2+P3\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*2+P2*3+P3*4\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.5 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 65.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 165.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(15)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 5m from A,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 4m distance from A, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*3+P2*5+M\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.6 page number 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.0 KN\n",
-      "RA= 30.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#As supports A and B are simple supports and loading is only in vertical direction, the reactions RA and RB are in vertical directions only.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(40)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 6.5m from A,KN                   \n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 5m from A,KN/m(in 3m of span).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(Pu*3*3.5+P1*1+P2*6.5)/5\n",
-    "print \"RB=\", round(Rb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ra=Pu*3+P1+P2-Rb\n",
-    "print \"RA=\", round(Ra,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.7 page number 289\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VB= 50.0 KN\n",
-      "VA= 70.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma.\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A to right,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 11m from A to right,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 7m distance from A to right, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A to left ,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Vb=(-Pu*2*1+P1*4+P2*11+M)/9\n",
-    "print \"VB=\", round(Vb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2-Vb\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.8 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 71.011 KN\n",
-      "(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \n",
-      "RA= 23.3666 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 24.79 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° to left at 5m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniformly distributed load from 6m to 8m from A ,KN,(2m of span)\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "M=40                                             #ACW moment at 3m from A, KN-m\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(M+P1*5*sin(theta1*pi/180)+Pu*2*7)/6         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)-Rb+Pu*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Va1=-1*Va\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va1/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.9 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X= 5.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the left support C be at a distance x metres from A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                        #vertical down load at A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(6)                         #uniform distributed load over whole span,KN/m,(20m of span)\n",
-    "P2=float(50)                        #vertical down load at B, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Rc=Rd(given) reaction at C & D is equal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rc=(P1+P2+Pu*20)/2\n",
-    "Rd=Rc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at A \n",
-    "x=(((Pu*20*10+P2*20)/100)-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"X=\", round(x,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_ywK155l.ipynb b/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_ywK155l.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6496faeb..00000000
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_ywK155l.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,466 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter9-Beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.1 page number 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 18.8684 KN\n",
-      "RA= 29.989 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 25.21 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(10)                                     #Vertical down Load at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(15)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 30° at 6m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(20)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° at 10m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta2=30\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)+P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*4+P2*6*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*10*sin(theta3*pi/180))/12         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)+P1-Rb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.2 page number 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.4475 KN\n",
-      "RA= 87.0172 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 79.45 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #inclined down to right Load at angle 60 at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(80)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 75° at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P3=float(50)                                     #Inclined down to left Load at angle 60° at 5.5m from A,KN\n",
-    "theta1=60                                    \n",
-    "theta2=75\n",
-    "theta3=60\n",
-    "thetaRb=60\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A is Ha,Va  respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(P1*1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*3*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*5.5*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(6*sin(thetaRb*pi/180))         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "Ha=-P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)+P2*cos(theta2*pi/180)-P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)+Rb*cos(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)+P2*sin(theta2*pi/180)+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Rb*sin(thetaRb*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.3 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RA= 91.6503 KN\n",
-      "HB= 42.4264 KN\n",
-      "VB= 90.7761 KN\n",
-      "RB= 100.2013 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 64.95 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(30)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 6m from A,KN/m(in 4m of span)\n",
-    "P3=float(60)                                     #Inclined down to right Load at angle 45° at 7m from A,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta3=45\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at  B is  Hb,Vb respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=(P1*7+P2*4*5+P3*2*sin(theta3*pi/180))/(9)     #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Hb=P3*cos(theta3*pi/180)\n",
-    "print \"HB=\",round(Hb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Vb=P1+P2*4+P3*sin(theta3*pi/180)-Ra\n",
-    "print \"VB=\",round(Vb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=sqrt(pow(Hb,2)+pow(Vb,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Vb/Hb))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.4 page number 288"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 74.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 148.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be Ha, Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 2m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(12)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN \n",
-    "P3=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(16)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2+P3\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*2+P2*3+P3*4\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.5 page number 288\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VA= 65.0 KN\n",
-      "MA= 165.0 KN-m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(15)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 3m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(10)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 5m from A,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 4m distance from A, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ma=Pu*2*1+P1*3+P2*5+M\n",
-    "print \"MA=\", round(Ma,2),\"KN-m\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.6 page number 289"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 100.0 KN\n",
-      "RA= 30.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#As supports A and B are simple supports and loading is only in vertical direction, the reactions RA and RB are in vertical directions only.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 1m from A,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(40)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 6.5m from A,KN                   \n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from 2m to 5m from A,KN/m(in 3m of span).\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(Pu*3*3.5+P1*1+P2*6.5)/5\n",
-    "print \"RB=\", round(Rb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Ra=Pu*3+P1+P2-Rb\n",
-    "print \"RA=\", round(Ra,2),\"KN\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.7 page number 289\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "no horizontal force  HA=0\n",
-      "VB= 50.0 KN\n",
-      "VA= 70.0 KN\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "#Let the reactions at A be  Va and Ma.\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(60)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 4m from A to right,KN\n",
-    "P2=float(20)                                     #vertical down  Load  at 11m from A to right,KN \n",
-    "M=float(30)                                      #CW moment at 7m distance from A to right, KN-m\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniform distributed load from A to 2m from A to left ,KN/m(in 2m of span)\n",
-    "##horizontal,vertical component at  A is  Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "print\"no horizontal force \",\"HA=0\"\n",
-    "Vb=(-Pu*2*1+P1*4+P2*11+M)/9\n",
-    "print \"VB=\", round(Vb,2),\"KN\"\n",
-    "Va=Pu*2+P1+P2-Vb\n",
-    "print \"VA=\", round(Va,2),\"KN\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.8 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RB= 71.011 KN\n",
-      "(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \n",
-      "RA= 23.3666 KN\n",
-      "alpha= 24.79 °\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,atan,sqrt,cos,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "P1=float(30)                                     #Inclined down Load at angle 45° to left at 5m from A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(20)                                     #uniformly distributed load from 6m to 8m from A ,KN,(2m of span)\n",
-    "theta1=45\n",
-    "M=40                                             #ACW moment at 3m from A, KN-m\n",
-    "#horizontal,vertical component at A  is Ha,Va respectively.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rb=(M+P1*5*sin(theta1*pi/180)+Pu*2*7)/6         #reaction at B point,KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"RB=\",round(Rb,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ha=P1*cos(theta1*pi/180)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#now vertical component\n",
-    "Va=P1*sin(theta1*pi/180)-Rb+Pu*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ra=sqrt(pow(Ha,2)+pow(Va,2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(Negative sign show that the assumed direction of VA is wrong. In other words, VA is acting vertically downwards). \"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Va1=-1*Va\n",
-    "print \"RA=\",round(Ra,4),\"KN\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alpha=(atan(Va1/Ha))*180/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"alpha=\",round(alpha,2),\"°\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# example 9.9 page number 290\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X= 5.0 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#summation of all  horizontal forces is zero & vertical forces is zero.\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Let the left support C be at a distance x metres from A. \n",
-    "\n",
-    "P1=float(30)                        #vertical down load at A,KN\n",
-    "Pu=float(6)                         #uniform distributed load over whole span,KN/m,(20m of span)\n",
-    "P2=float(50)                        #vertical down load at B, KN\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Rc=Rd(given) reaction at C & D is equal.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rc=(P1+P2+Pu*20)/2\n",
-    "Rd=Rc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#taking moment at A \n",
-    "x=(((Pu*20*10+P2*20)/100)-12)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"X=\", round(x,2),\"m\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER24_.ipynb b/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER24.ipynb
index f7f9b9d9..f7f9b9d9 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER24_.ipynb
+++ b/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER24.ipynb
diff --git a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_2_Generalized_Configurations_and_Functional_Descriptions_of_Measuring_Instruments.ipynb b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_2_Generalized_Configurations_and_Functional_Descriptions_of_Measuring.ipynb
index 2cb57529..2cb57529 100755
--- a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_2_Generalized_Configurations_and_Functional_Descriptions_of_Measuring_Instruments.ipynb
+++ b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_2_Generalized_Configurations_and_Functional_Descriptions_of_Measuring.ipynb
diff --git a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_3_Generalized_Performance_Characteristics_of_Instruments.ipynb b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_3_Generalized_Performance_Characteristics_of.ipynb
index a70ff16c..a70ff16c 100755
--- a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_3_Generalized_Performance_Characteristics_of_Instruments.ipynb
+++ b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_3_Generalized_Performance_Characteristics_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_4_Relative_Velocity_Translational_and_Rotational.ipynb b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_4_Relative_Velocity_Translational_and.ipynb
index e3752aa7..e3752aa7 100755
--- a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_4_Relative_Velocity_Translational_and_Rotational.ipynb
+++ b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_4_Relative_Velocity_Translational_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_5_Force_Torque_and_Shaft_power_Measurement.ipynb b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_5_Force_Torque_and_Shaft_power.ipynb
index bb6ffffd..bb6ffffd 100755
--- a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_5_Force_Torque_and_Shaft_power_Measurement.ipynb
+++ b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_5_Force_Torque_and_Shaft_power.ipynb
diff --git a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_6_Pressure_and_Sound_Measurement.ipynb b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_6_Pressure_and_Sound.ipynb
index b540a3ed..b540a3ed 100755
--- a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_6_Pressure_and_Sound_Measurement.ipynb
+++ b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_6_Pressure_and_Sound.ipynb
diff --git a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_7_Flow_Measurement.ipynb b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_7_Flow.ipynb
index 5f7e8832..5f7e8832 100755
--- a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_7_Flow_Measurement.ipynb
+++ b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_7_Flow.ipynb
diff --git a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_8_Temperature_and_Heat-Flux_Measurement.ipynb b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_8_Temperature_and_Heat-Flux.ipynb
index 6fd022ab..6fd022ab 100755
--- a/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_8_Temperature_and_Heat-Flux_Measurement.ipynb
+++ b/Measurement_Systems_by_E._O._Doebelin_And_D._N._Manik/Chapter_8_Temperature_and_Heat-Flux.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials/APPENDIX_A.ipynb b/Mechanics_of_Materials/APPENDIX.ipynb
index b7a1f860..b7a1f860 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials/APPENDIX_A.ipynb
+++ b/Mechanics_of_Materials/APPENDIX.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter10.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter10.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 50dcaed0..00000000
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,386 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10 : Introduction to theory of probability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## page no 437 Ex 10.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "probability of each outcome=0.12\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "# referred to fig 10.1 on the page no. 435\n",
-    "# the occurance of each outcome is essumed to be equal.\n",
-    "n=8 # number of outcomes\n",
-    "p=1/n#\n",
-    "print \"probability of each outcome=%0.2f\"%p"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## page no 438 Ex no 10.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "probability = 0.1667\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "m=6 # enter the number of faces \n",
-    "n=2# enter the number of dice \n",
-    "l=m**n ## total number of outcomes = 36\n",
-    "a=7 #\"enter the number which is to be obtained as the sum of dice\n",
-    "c=0 # # counter value for favorable outcome\n",
-    "for i in range(1,7):\n",
-    "    for j in range(1,7):\n",
-    "        if (i+j==a):\n",
-    "            c=c+1#\n",
-    "        else :\n",
-    "            continue\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=c/l#\n",
-    "print \"probability = %0.4f\"%p\n",
-    "  "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## page no 438 Ex no 10.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "probability = 0.4075\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy.random import gamma\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "m=2# the number of faces \n",
-    "n=4 #the number of tosses\n",
-    "l=m**n ## l is total number of outcomes = 16\n",
-    "a=2 #exact no of heads\n",
-    "p=gamma (n+1)/(gamma(n+1-a) * gamma (a+1))## to find combination\n",
-    "print \"probability = %0.4f\"%(p/l)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## page no 440 Ex no 10.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "total probability = 0.0023\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "a=52# # total no of cards in a deck\n",
-    "b=6# the no of cards to be drawn\n",
-    "pA1= b/a## probability of getting first red ace =pA1\n",
-    "#the cards are drawn in succession without replacement, therefore the probability that the 2nd card will be the red ace = pA2\n",
-    "pA2=1/(a-1)#\n",
-    "p= pA1*pA2\n",
-    "print \"total probability = %0.4f\"%p"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## page no 441 Ex no 10.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "probability = 1.04e-10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy.random import gamma\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# This problem is based on Bernoulli Trials formula which is P( k successes in n trials ) = n!*p**k *(1-p)**(n-k)/k!*(n-k)!22\n",
-    "# hence the probability of finding 2 digits wrong in a sequence of 8 digits is\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k=2 # no. of successes\n",
-    "p= 1e-5# probability of success\n",
-    "n=8 #\"no. of trials\n",
-    "A=gamma (n+1)* (p**k)*((1-p)**(n-k))/(gamma(k)*gamma(n+1-k))#\n",
-    "print \"probability = %0.2e\"%A"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## page no 446 Ex no 10.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "probability = 0.0231\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "m=6 # enter the number of faces\n",
-    "n=3 # enter the number of dice\n",
-    "l=m**n ## l is total number of outcomes \n",
-    "a=8# the number which is to be obtained as the sum of dice\n",
-    "c=0 # # counter value for favorable outcome\n",
-    "for i in range(1,7):\n",
-    "    for j in range(1,7):\n",
-    "        if(i+j==a):\n",
-    "            c=c+1\n",
-    "        else :\n",
-    "            continue\n",
-    "   \n",
-    "p=c/l#\n",
-    "print \"probability = %.4f\"%p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## page no 447 Ex no 10.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Py(1) = 0.5924\n",
-      "Py0=0.4076\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "Pe=0.6898 # error probability\n",
-    "Q= 0.2567 # the probability of transmitting 1 #Hence probability of transmitting zero is 1-Q = P\n",
-    "P=1-Q#\n",
-    "Px_1=Q#\n",
-    "Px0=P#\n",
-    "# If x and y are transmitted digit and received digit then for BSC P(y=0/x=1) = P(y=1/x=0) = Pe , P(y=0/x=10) = P(y=1/x=1) = 1-Pe\n",
-    "# to find the probability of receiving 1 is Py(1) = Px(0)*P(y=1/x=0) + Px(1)*P(y=1/x=1)\n",
-    "Py_1= ((1-Q)* Pe) + (Q *(1-Pe))#\n",
-    "print \"Py(1) = %0.4f\"%Py_1\n",
-    "Py0=((1-Q)*(1-Pe)) + (Q*Pe)\n",
-    "print \"Py0=%.4f\"%Py0"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## page no 448 Ex 10.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "probability of error = 6.04e-05\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "Px0=.4\n",
-    "Px1=.6 \n",
-    "PE0=10**-6 \n",
-    "PE1=10**-4 ## given\n",
-    "PE=(Px0*PE0) + (Px1*PE1)# formula for probability of error\n",
-    "print \"probability of error = %.2e\"%PE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## page no 472 Ex no 10.20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "width or spread of Gaussian PDF = 0.986\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import pi,sqrt,exp\n",
-    "#Gaussian PDF: Q(x)= %e**((-x**2)/2)/ (x*sqrt(2*pi))\n",
-    "x=2.5 #  input for the function Q \n",
-    "Q_x = (exp(-(x**2)/2))/ (x*sqrt(2*pi))\n",
-    "P=1-(2*Q_x)#\n",
-    "print \"width or spread of Gaussian PDF = %.3f\"%P\n",
-    "## P gives the width or spread of Gaussian PDF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## page no 479 Ex no 10.21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "SNR improvement = 12.90 dB\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "# formula for estimate error E is E = mk** - mk = a1* mk-1 +a2* mk-2 -mk\n",
-    "#given: various values of correlation (mk*mk)'= (m**2)',(mk*mk-1)'= .825* (m**2)',(mk*mk-2)'= .562*(m**2)',(mk*mk-3)'= .825*(m**2)' , R02=.562(m**2)', a1=1.1314, a2= -0.3714\n",
-    "# mean square error is given by I=(E**2)'=[1-((.825*a1)+(.562*a2))]*(m**2)'= .2753*(m**2)'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m=1#\n",
-    "I=.2753*(m**2)#\n",
-    "S=10*log ((m**2)/I)#\n",
-    "print \"SNR improvement = %0.2f dB\"%S"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter11.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter11.ipynb
index 397d0367..397d0367 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter12.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter12.ipynb
index 2b302a6e..c965c427 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter12.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from math import pi,log\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
+    "#from mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad\n",
     "# Let the received signal be km(t)cos(wct) , demodulator input is [km(t)+nc(t)]cos(wct)+[ns(t)sin(wct)]. When this is multiplied by 2coswct and low pass filtered the output is s0(t)+n0(t)=km(t)+nc(t).\n",
     "# Hence So=k**2*m**2' , No=nc**2'. But the power of the received signal km(t)cos(wct)= 1uW. Hence k**2*m**2'/2=10**-6\n",
     "So=2*10**-6#\n",
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -126,7 +127,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad\n",
     "t0=-5#\n",
     "t1=5#\n",
     "y=quad(lambda t:t**2,[t0,t1])#\n",
@@ -158,7 +159,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad\n",
     "from math import exp\n",
     "# Sm(w)=k*e**(-w2/26**2) this is given\n",
     "# let us the assume the value of constant 6**2/4(pi**2) =3\n",
@@ -194,7 +195,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -208,7 +209,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad\n",
     "from math import exp,pi\n",
     "#for the same transmission bandwidth variance of PM and FM systems is same\n",
     "#hence the ratio of SNR of PM to FM is B**2/(3Bm'**2)\n",
@@ -233,7 +234,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -274,7 +275,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 44,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -311,7 +312,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 45,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -326,7 +327,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from math import pi,sqrt,exp\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad\n",
     "# to calculate |m|\n",
     "m0=0#\n",
     "m1=50.#\n",
@@ -343,7 +344,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -362,7 +363,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad\n",
     "a=1400.*pi##given\n",
     "c=1.##assumed\n",
     "w0=0\n",
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter13.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter13.ipynb
index 35729415..35729415 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter14.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter14.ipynb
index 897627d8..897627d8 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter15.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter15.ipynb
index 36b75c4e..8c9297e3 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter15.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -25,10 +25,9 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "enter the length of probability vector p, n is4\n",
-      "Length = 0.94  4-ary digits\n",
-      "Entropy of source is, H = 0.72  4-ary units\n",
-      "Efficiency of code, N = 0.76 \n"
+      "Length = 1.14  4-ary digits\n",
+      "Entropy of source is, H = 0.90  4-ary units\n",
+      "Efficiency of code, N = 0.79 \n"
      ]
     }
    ],
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@
     "\n",
     "#The length L of this code is calculated as\n",
     "  \n",
-    "n=input(\"enter the length of probability vector p, n is\")\n",
+    "n=5# the length of probability vector p\n",
     "p=[.3, .25, .15, .12, .1, .08, 0]## enter probabilities in descending order\n",
     "l=[1, 1, 1 ,2 ,2 ,2, 2]## code length of individual message according to order\n",
     "L=0#\n",
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -90,6 +89,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
     "# N=1\n",
     "#Here we have given two messages with probabilities m1=0.8 and m2=0.2 . Therefore, Huffman code for the source is simply 0 and 1.\n",
     "\n",
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from math import log\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "x0=(-1)#\n",
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter16.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter16.ipynb
index 572bf36e..572bf36e 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter2.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter2.ipynb
index b45b8a06..c46040cd 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad\n",
     "\n",
     "t0=-1\n",
     "t1=1\n",
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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7xk2EB/mc0e4gD55x47SHTmjbM25SBvl6ix2HMpdLejqsoHNQmvZ6gU4J0TNutsW1nT2d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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fc60b2ab310>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f70110a6f90>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fcc37584190>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6ff76e1cd0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAANkAAACfCAYAAAB0v3wHAAAABHNCSVQICAgIfAhkiAAAAAlwSFlz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\nkTlOxriROU7GuJE5Tsa4kTlOxvw/vZVGRZwhCAsAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fcc37462890>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6ff71a4f10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from numpy import arange,pi\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad,sin\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "\n",
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad,sin\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
     "#energy of signal x(t)\n",
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad,sin\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad,sin\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming  SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
+    "from mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter3.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter3.ipynb
index d82be350..d82be350 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter4.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter4.ipynb
index 2847c250..2847c250 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter5.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter5.ipynb
index 535073ef..535073ef 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter6.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter6.ipynb
index 72f6d5c3..72f6d5c3 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter7.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter7.ipynb
index 5f7a2321..5f7a2321 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter8.ipynb b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter8.ipynb
index 2f0e3fa2..2f0e3fa2 100755..100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/2_Interpretation_of_Data_Sheets_and_Characteristics_of_an_Op-Amp.ipynb b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/2_Interpretation_of_Data_Sheets_and_Characteristics_of_an.ipynb
index 129cd7d8..129cd7d8 100755
--- a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/2_Interpretation_of_Data_Sheets_and_Characteristics_of_an_Op-Amp.ipynb
+++ b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/2_Interpretation_of_Data_Sheets_and_Characteristics_of_an.ipynb
diff --git a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/3_An_Op-Amp_with_Negative_Feedback.ipynb b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/3_An_Op-Amp_with_Negative.ipynb
index f644f974..f644f974 100755
--- a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/3_An_Op-Amp_with_Negative_Feedback.ipynb
+++ b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/3_An_Op-Amp_with_Negative.ipynb
diff --git a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/4_The_Practical_Op-Amp.ipynb b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/4_The_Practical.ipynb
index 396becab..396becab 100755
--- a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/4_The_Practical_Op-Amp.ipynb
+++ b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/4_The_Practical.ipynb
diff --git a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/5_Frequency_response_of_an_Op-Amp.ipynb b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/5_Frequency_response_of_an.ipynb
index f610d4f8..f610d4f8 100755
--- a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/5_Frequency_response_of_an_Op-Amp.ipynb
+++ b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/5_Frequency_response_of_an.ipynb
diff --git a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/6_General_Linear_Applications.ipynb b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/6_General_Linear.ipynb
index 61c78f55..61c78f55 100755
--- a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/6_General_Linear_Applications.ipynb
+++ b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/6_General_Linear.ipynb
diff --git a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/7_Active_Filters_and_Oscillators.ipynb b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/7_Active_Filters_and.ipynb
index 514c377a..514c377a 100755
--- a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/7_Active_Filters_and_Oscillators.ipynb
+++ b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/7_Active_Filters_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/8_Comparators_and_Converters.ipynb b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/8_Comparators_and.ipynb
index 6ed539e1..6ed539e1 100755
--- a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/8_Comparators_and_Converters.ipynb
+++ b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/8_Comparators_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/9_Specialixed_IC_Applications.ipynb b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/9_Specialixed_IC.ipynb
index 117f377b..117f377b 100755
--- a/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/9_Specialixed_IC_Applications.ipynb
+++ b/Op-Amps_&_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Ramakant_Gaykwad/9_Specialixed_IC.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_2_Light_propagation_in_optical_fiber.ipynb b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_2_Light_propagation_in_optical.ipynb
index fb6cc7a3..fb6cc7a3 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_2_Light_propagation_in_optical_fiber.ipynb
+++ b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_2_Light_propagation_in_optical.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter01-Fiber_Optics_Communications_System.ipynb b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter01-Fiber_Optics_Communications.ipynb
index ec323da9..ec323da9 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter01-Fiber_Optics_Communications_System.ipynb
+++ b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter01-Fiber_Optics_Communications.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter02-Optical_Fiber_for_Telecommunication.ipynb b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter02-Optical_Fiber_for.ipynb
index 46a8893c..46a8893c 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter02-Optical_Fiber_for_Telecommunication.ipynb
+++ b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter02-Optical_Fiber_for.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter03-Optical_Sources_and_Transmitters.ipynb b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter03-Optical_Sources_and.ipynb
index 1e7a6431..1e7a6431 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter03-Optical_Sources_and_Transmitters.ipynb
+++ b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter03-Optical_Sources_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter04-Optical_Detectors_and_Receivers.ipynb b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter04-Optical_Detectors_and.ipynb
index 9dca6b9e..9dca6b9e 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter04-Optical_Detectors_and_Receivers.ipynb
+++ b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter04-Optical_Detectors_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter05-Design_Considerations_in_Optical_Links.ipynb b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter05-Design_Considerations_in_Optical.ipynb
index 3915a0b4..3915a0b4 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter05-Design_Considerations_in_Optical_Links.ipynb
+++ b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter05-Design_Considerations_in_Optical.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter6-Advanced_Optical_Systems.ipynb b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter6-Advanced_Optical.ipynb
index b0cb88b7..b0cb88b7 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter6-Advanced_Optical_Systems.ipynb
+++ b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_V._S._Bagad/Chapter6-Advanced_Optical.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter11_KineticTheory.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter11.ipynb
index f015b977..f015b977 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter11_KineticTheory.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter12_Chemical_Kinetics.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter12_Chemical.ipynb
index 374d997a..374d997a 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter12_Chemical_Kinetics.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter12_Chemical.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter13_Irreversible_Process_In_Liquids.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter13_Irreversible_Process_In.ipynb
index be6e2154..be6e2154 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter13_Irreversible_Process_In_Liquids.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter13_Irreversible_Process_In.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter14__Electromotive_Force.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter14__Electromotive.ipynb
index d38bcf04..d38bcf04 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter14__Electromotive_Force.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter14__Electromotive.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter15_Ionic_Equilibria.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter15_Ionic.ipynb
index 0be1eb1c..0be1eb1c 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter15_Ionic_Equilibria.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter15_Ionic.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter16_Quantum_Theory.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter16_Quantum.ipynb
index e1e439a5..e1e439a5 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter16_Quantum_Theory.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter16_Quantum.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter18_Spectroscopy.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter18.ipynb
index a698a155..a698a155 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter18_Spectroscopy.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter19_Statistical_Mechanics.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter19_Statistical.ipynb
index 7e84c41e..7e84c41e 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter19_Statistical_Mechanics.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter19_Statistical.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter2_Gases.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter2.ipynb
index 0eedca1a..0eedca1a 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter2_Gases.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter20_Macromolecules.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter20.ipynb
index c3593a82..c3593a82 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter20_Macromolecules.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter21_Surface_Chemistry.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter21_Surface.ipynb
index a300d742..a300d742 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter21_Surface_Chemistry.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter21_Surface.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter22_Crystals.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter22.ipynb
index 7c7f74f5..7c7f74f5 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter22_Crystals.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter23_Kinetics_PhotoChemistry_Radiation.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter23_Kinetics_PhotoChemistry.ipynb
index b4eeb3c1..b4eeb3c1 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter23_Kinetics_PhotoChemistry_Radiation.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter23_Kinetics_PhotoChemistry.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter24_Nuclear_Chemistry.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter24_Nuclear.ipynb
index c3f6dd8e..c3f6dd8e 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter24_Nuclear_Chemistry.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter24_Nuclear.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter3First_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter3First_Law_of.ipynb
index eee02b18..eee02b18 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter3First_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter3First_Law_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter4_Thermochemistry.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter4.ipynb
index a06bc953..a06bc953 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter4_Thermochemistry.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter5_Second_and_Third_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter5_Second_and_Third_Law_of.ipynb
index e1566f54..e1566f54 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter5_Second_and_Third_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter5_Second_and_Third_Law_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter6_One_Component_Systems.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter6_One_Component.ipynb
index b2dbc759..b2dbc759 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter6_One_Component_Systems.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter6_One_Component.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter7_Solutions.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter7.ipynb
index 4ad45f81..4ad45f81 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter7_Solutions.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter8_Properties_of_Dilute_Solutions.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter8_Properties_of_Dilute.ipynb
index 12201d3b..12201d3b 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter8_Properties_of_Dilute_Solutions.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter8_Properties_of_Dilute.ipynb
diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter9_Chemical_Equilibria.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter9_Chemical.ipynb
index 3d6e3fd7..3d6e3fd7 100644
--- a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter9_Chemical_Equilibria.ipynb
+++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter9_Chemical.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_8CUOhvt.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha.ipynb
index 21e23dc9..21e23dc9 100644
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_8CUOhvt.ipynb
+++ b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_1X7iFJN.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_1X7iFJN.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 412d8eb1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_1X7iFJN.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 28 GAUSS'S LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.3 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 1.138e+13\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=1*10**-10 #radius of the atom in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.4 Electric field strength at the nuclear surface"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 2.389e+21\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=6.9*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_1aLh7y0.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_1aLh7y0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 486ad42a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_1aLh7y0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 39 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 39.6 Magnitude of electric and magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of E in volts/meter= 244.94897\n",
-      "B in weber/meter^2= 0.00000082\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=1  #in m\n",
-    "p=10**3 \n",
-    "m=4*math.pi*10**-7 #weber/amp-m\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #speed of light\n",
-    "x=2*math.pi\n",
-    "E_m=(1/r)*(math.sqrt((p*m*c)/x))\n",
-    "print(\"The value of E in volts/meter= %.5f\"%E_m)\n",
-    "B=E_m/c\n",
-    "print(\"B in weber/meter^2= %.8f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_1oAQQUs.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_1oAQQUs.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index c497e908..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_1oAQQUs.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 26:CHARGE AND MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.1 Magnitude of total charges in a copper penny"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Magnitude of the charges in coulombs is  133687.50000000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m =3.1 #mass of copper penny in grams\n",
-    "e =4.6*10** -18 #charge in coulombs\n",
-    "N0 =6*10**23 #avogadro’s number atoms / mole\n",
-    "M =64  #molecular weight of copper in gm/ mole\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "N =( N0 * m ) / M  #No. of copper atoms in penny\n",
-    "q = N * e  # magnitude of the charges in coulombs\n",
-    "print (\" Magnitude of the charges in coulomb is \",q )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 26.2 Separation between total positive and negative charges"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is  5813776741.499454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F =4.5 #Force of attraction in nt\n",
-    "q =1.3*10**5 #total charge in coulomb\n",
-    "r = q * math.sqrt ((9*10**9) / F ) ;\n",
-    "print(\" Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is \",r )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.3 Force acting on charge q1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is 2.0999999999999996\n",
-      "Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is -1.5588457268119893\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given three charges q1,q2,q3\n",
-    "q1=-1.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=+3.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q3=-2.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r12=15*10**-2 #separation between q1 and q2 in m\n",
-    "r13=10*10**-2 # separation between q1 and q3 in m\n",
-    "angle=math.pi/6 #in degrees\n",
-    "F12=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q2/(r12**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F13=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q3/(r13**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F12x=-F12  #ignoring signs of charges\n",
-    "F13x=F13*math.sin(angle);\n",
-    "F1x=F12x+F13x\n",
-    "F12y=0 #from fig.263\n",
-    "F13y=-F13*math.cos(angle);\n",
-    "F1y=F12y+F13y #in nt\n",
-    "print(\"X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1x)\n",
-    "print(\"Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.4 Electrical and Gravitational force between two particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Coulomb force in nt is 8.202207191171238e-08\n",
-      "Gravitational force in nt is 3.689889640441438e-47\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=5.3*10**-11 #distance between electron and proton in the hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "G=6.7*10**-11 #gravitatinal constant in nt-m2/kg2\n",
-    "m1=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "m2=1.7*10**-27 #mass of proton in kg\n",
-    "F1=(9*10**9)*e*e/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "F2=G*m1*m2/(r**2) #gravitational force\n",
-    "print(\"Coulomb force in nt is\",F1)\n",
-    "print(\"Gravitational force in nt is\",F2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.5 Repulsive force between two protons in a nucleus of iron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Repulsive coulomb force F  14.4 nt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=4*10**-15 #separation between proton annd nucleus in iron in meters\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "F=(9*10**9)*(q**2)/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "print(\"Repulsive coulomb force F \",F,'nt')"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_249CONS.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_249CONS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d197d07e..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_249CONS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.3 Magnitude of an isolated positive point charge"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\n",
-      "Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is 1.112e-09\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V=100 #electric potential in volts\n",
-    "r=10*10**-2 #in meters\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\")\n",
-    "q=V*4*math.pi*epsilon0*r\n",
-    "print(\"Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.4 Electric potential at the surface of a gold nucleus"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is 17220668\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=6.6*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "V=q/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is %d\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.5 Potential at the center of the square"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential at the center of the square in volts is 508.65\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=-2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q3=3.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q4=2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "a=1 #side of square in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "#refer to the fig 29.7\n",
-    "r=a/math.sqrt(2) #distance of charges from centre in meter\n",
-    "V=(q1+q2+q3+q4)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Potential at the center of the square in volts is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.8 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is 3.837e-14\n",
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is 239781.46\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r=6.0*10**-15 #seperation b/w two protons in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "U=(q1*q2)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is %.3e\"%U)\n",
-    "V=U/q1\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.9 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \n",
-      "Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is -0.008991804694457362\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-7 #charge in coul\n",
-    "a=10*10**-2 #side of triangle in meter\n",
-    "q1=q\n",
-    "q2=-4*q\n",
-    "q3=2*q\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \")\n",
-    "U=(1/(4*math.pi*epsilon0))*(((q1*q2)/a)+((q1*q3)/a)+((q2*q3)/a))\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is\",U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_2UiB4Er.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_2UiB4Er.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ff33ff35..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_2UiB4Er.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,230 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 45 GRATING AND SPECTRA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.1 Calculation of angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 7.249\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=4000 #in A\n",
-    "d=31700 #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.2 Calculation of angle theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 13.408\n",
-      "(B) Angle of seperation in degree= 0.0002388\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=5890  #in A\n",
-    "d=25400     #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)\n",
-    "del_lambda=5.9 #in A\n",
-    "delta_theta=(m*(del_lambda))/(d*(math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Angle of seperation in degree= %.7f\"%delta_theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.3 Calculation of Sodium Doublet"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resolving power= 998.305\n",
-      "Number of rulings needed is= 332.768\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "lamda_1=5895.9 #A\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "delta_lambda=(lamda_1-lamda) #in A\n",
-    "R=lamda/(delta_lambda)\n",
-    "print(\"Resolving power= %.3f\"%R)\n",
-    "N=(R/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Number of rulings needed is= %.3f\"%N)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.4 Calculation of Dispersion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 31.11244\n",
-      "(A) The dispersion in radian/A= 0.0001105\n",
-      "(B) Wave length difference in A= 0.13650\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "m1=5\n",
-    "lamda=5460  #in A\n",
-    "d=31700  #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.5f\"%theta)\n",
-    "D=m/(d*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The dispersion in radian/A= %.7f\"%D)\n",
-    "N=8000\n",
-    "lamda=5460\n",
-    "R=N*m1\n",
-    "delta_lambda=lamda/R\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Wave length difference in A= %.5f\"%delta_lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.5 Calculation of Angles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Interplanar spacing d in A= 2.51781\n",
-      "Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\n",
-      "When m1=1, Theta in degree= 12.61763\n",
-      "When m1=2, Theta in degree= 25.90544\n",
-      "When m1=3, Theta in degree= 40.94473\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "a_o=5.63  #A\n",
-    "d=a_o/math.sqrt(5)\n",
-    "lamda=1.10 #in A\n",
-    "print(\"Interplanar spacing d in A= %.5f\"%d)\n",
-    "print(\"Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\")\n",
-    "m1=1\n",
-    "x=(m1*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_1=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print(\"When m1=1, Theta in degree= %.5f\"%theta_1)\n",
-    "m2=2\n",
-    "x=(m2*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_2=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=2, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_2)\n",
-    "m3=3\n",
-    "x=(m3*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_3=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=3, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_2XXGNQt.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_2XXGNQt.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d8f167d7..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_2XXGNQt.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 37 MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.2 Orbital dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is 9.061e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "p=((e**2)/4)*math.sqrt(r/(math.pi*epsilon0*m))\n",
-    "print(\"Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.4 Change in magnetic moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - 3.659e-29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31  #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "B=2 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "delta_p=(e**2*B*r**2)/(4*m)\n",
-    "print(\"Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - %.3e\"%delta_p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.5 Precession frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is 21020464.18\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=1.4*10**-26 #in amp-m2\n",
-    "B=0.50 #wb/m2\n",
-    "Lp=0.53*10**-34 #in joule-sec\n",
-    "fp=u*B/(2*math.pi*Lp)\n",
-    "print(\"Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is %.2f\"%fp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.6 Magnetic field strength Magnetisation Effective magnetising current and Permeability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is 2000\n",
-      "(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\n",
-      " Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m 793774.72\n",
-      "(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\n",
-      " Effective magnetizing current in amp is 793.77472\n",
-      "(D) Permeability 397.88736\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=10*10**2 #turns/m\n",
-    "i=2 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.0 #in wb/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in wb/amp-m\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "H=n*i\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is\",H)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "M=(B-u0*H)/u0\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\")\n",
-    "print(\" Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m %.2f\"%M)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\")\n",
-    "i=M/n\n",
-    "print(\" Effective magnetizing current in amp is %.5f\"%i)\n",
-    "#D\n",
-    "Km=B/(u0*H)\n",
-    "print(\"(D) Permeability %.5f\"%Km)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_32LhWna.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_32LhWna.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index c497e908..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_32LhWna.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 26:CHARGE AND MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.1 Magnitude of total charges in a copper penny"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Magnitude of the charges in coulombs is  133687.50000000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m =3.1 #mass of copper penny in grams\n",
-    "e =4.6*10** -18 #charge in coulombs\n",
-    "N0 =6*10**23 #avogadro’s number atoms / mole\n",
-    "M =64  #molecular weight of copper in gm/ mole\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "N =( N0 * m ) / M  #No. of copper atoms in penny\n",
-    "q = N * e  # magnitude of the charges in coulombs\n",
-    "print (\" Magnitude of the charges in coulomb is \",q )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 26.2 Separation between total positive and negative charges"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is  5813776741.499454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F =4.5 #Force of attraction in nt\n",
-    "q =1.3*10**5 #total charge in coulomb\n",
-    "r = q * math.sqrt ((9*10**9) / F ) ;\n",
-    "print(\" Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is \",r )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.3 Force acting on charge q1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is 2.0999999999999996\n",
-      "Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is -1.5588457268119893\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given three charges q1,q2,q3\n",
-    "q1=-1.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=+3.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q3=-2.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r12=15*10**-2 #separation between q1 and q2 in m\n",
-    "r13=10*10**-2 # separation between q1 and q3 in m\n",
-    "angle=math.pi/6 #in degrees\n",
-    "F12=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q2/(r12**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F13=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q3/(r13**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F12x=-F12  #ignoring signs of charges\n",
-    "F13x=F13*math.sin(angle);\n",
-    "F1x=F12x+F13x\n",
-    "F12y=0 #from fig.263\n",
-    "F13y=-F13*math.cos(angle);\n",
-    "F1y=F12y+F13y #in nt\n",
-    "print(\"X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1x)\n",
-    "print(\"Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.4 Electrical and Gravitational force between two particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Coulomb force in nt is 8.202207191171238e-08\n",
-      "Gravitational force in nt is 3.689889640441438e-47\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=5.3*10**-11 #distance between electron and proton in the hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "G=6.7*10**-11 #gravitatinal constant in nt-m2/kg2\n",
-    "m1=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "m2=1.7*10**-27 #mass of proton in kg\n",
-    "F1=(9*10**9)*e*e/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "F2=G*m1*m2/(r**2) #gravitational force\n",
-    "print(\"Coulomb force in nt is\",F1)\n",
-    "print(\"Gravitational force in nt is\",F2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.5 Repulsive force between two protons in a nucleus of iron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Repulsive coulomb force F  14.4 nt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=4*10**-15 #separation between proton annd nucleus in iron in meters\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "F=(9*10**9)*(q**2)/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "print(\"Repulsive coulomb force F \",F,'nt')"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_3V8tDtA.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_3V8tDtA.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 57d1a771..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_3V8tDtA.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,227 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 45 GRATING AND SPECTRA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.1 Calculation of angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 7.249\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=4000 #in A\n",
-    "d=31700 #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.2 Calculation of angle theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 13.408\n",
-      "(B) Angle of seperation in degree= 0.0002388\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=5890  #in A\n",
-    "d=25400     #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)\n",
-    "del_lambda=5.9 #in A\n",
-    "delta_theta=(m*(del_lambda))/(d*(math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Angle of seperation in degree= %.7f\"%delta_theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.3 Calculation of Sodium Doublet"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resolving power= 998.305\n",
-      "Number of rulings needed is= 332.768\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "lamda_1=5895.9 #A\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "delta_lambda=(lamda_1-lamda) #in A\n",
-    "R=lamda/(delta_lambda)\n",
-    "print(\"Resolving power= %.3f\"%R)\n",
-    "N=(R/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Number of rulings needed is= %.3f\"%N)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.4 Calculation of Dispersion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 31.11244\n",
-      "(A) The dispersion in radian/A= 0.0001105\n",
-      "(B) Wave length difference in A= 0.13650\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "m1=5\n",
-    "lamda=5460  #in A\n",
-    "d=31700  #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.5f\"%theta)\n",
-    "D=m/(d*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The dispersion in radian/A= %.7f\"%D)\n",
-    "N=8000\n",
-    "lamda=5460\n",
-    "R=N*m1\n",
-    "delta_lambda=lamda/R\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Wave length difference in A= %.5f\"%delta_lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.5 Calculation of Angles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Interplanar spacing d in A= 2.51781\n",
-      "Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\n",
-      "When m1=1, Theta in degree= 12.61763\n",
-      "When m1=2, Theta in degree= 25.90544\n",
-      "When m1=3, Theta in degree= 40.94473\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "a_o=5.63  #A\n",
-    "d=a_o/math.sqrt(5)\n",
-    "lamda=1.10 #in A\n",
-    "print(\"Interplanar spacing d in A= %.5f\"%d)\n",
-    "print(\"Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\")\n",
-    "m1=1\n",
-    "x=(m1*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_1=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print(\"When m1=1, Theta in degree= %.5f\"%theta_1)\n",
-    "m2=2\n",
-    "x=(m2*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_2=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=2, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_2)\n",
-    "m3=3\n",
-    "x=(m3*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_3=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=3, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_43oToOV.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_43oToOV.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7cae8043..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_43oToOV.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,167 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 40 NATURE AND PROPOGATION OF LIGHT"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.1 Force and energy reflected"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule= 36000.0\n",
-      "Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= 0.00024\n",
-      "(B) Force in newton= 6.667e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "u=(10)*(1.0)*3600  #in Joules\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "t=3600 #in sec\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule=\",u)\n",
-    "p=(2*u)/c\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= %.5f\"%p)\n",
-    "f=p/t\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force in newton= %.3e\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.2 Angular speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular speed in rev/sec= 12.07030\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "theta=1/1440\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "l=8630 #in m\n",
-    "w=(c*theta)/(2*l)\n",
-    "print(\"Angular speed in rev/sec= %.5f\"%w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.3 Calculation of c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Lambda_g in cm= 3.9\n",
-      "Value of c in m/sec= 2.992e+10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "l=15.6 #in cm\n",
-    "n=8\n",
-    "lambda_g=(2*l)/n\n",
-    "print(\"Lambda_g in cm=\",lambda_g)\n",
-    "lamda=3.15  #in cm\n",
-    "f=9.5*10**9 #cycles/sec\n",
-    "c=lamda*f\n",
-    "print(\"Value of c in m/sec= %.3e\"%c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.4 Percentage error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of light in miles/hour= 50000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "v_1=25000 #miles/hr\n",
-    "u=25000   #miles/hr\n",
-    "c=6.7*10**8 #miles/hr\n",
-    "x=1+((v_1*u)/(c)**2)\n",
-    "v=(v_1+u)/x\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of light in miles/hour= %.0f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_4fqVxcE.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_4fqVxcE.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5d6ec9b4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_4fqVxcE.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,177 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 43 INTERFERENCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.1 Angular position of first minimum"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sin theta = 0.00273\n",
-      "Angle in degree= 0.15642\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=546*10**-9\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "sin_theta=((m-0.5)*lamda)/(d)\n",
-    "print(\"Sin theta = %.5f\"%sin_theta)\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle in degree= %.5f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.2 Linear distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Linear distance in meter= 0.00109\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "delta=546*10**-9  #in meter\n",
-    "D=20*10**-2     #in meter\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3  #in meter\n",
-    "delta_y=(delta*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"Linear distance in meter= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.4 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 5674.666666666667\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 8500.0\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 3404.8\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 4250.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=3200  #in A\n",
-    "n=1.33\n",
-    "for m in range(1,3):\n",
-    "    lambda_max=(2*d*n)/(m+0.5)\n",
-    "    lambda_min=(8500/m)\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_max=\",lambda_max)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_min=\",lambda_min)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.5 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 0\n",
-      "d in A=905.797\n",
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "d in A=2717.391\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "d in A=4528.986\n",
-      "When m= 3\n",
-      "d in A=6340.580\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5000 #in A\n",
-    "n=1.38\n",
-    "for m in range(0,4):\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    d=((m+0.5)*lamda)/(2*n)\n",
-    "    print(\"d in A=%.3f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5FjPI0K.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5FjPI0K.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 486ad42a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5FjPI0K.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 39 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 39.6 Magnitude of electric and magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of E in volts/meter= 244.94897\n",
-      "B in weber/meter^2= 0.00000082\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=1  #in m\n",
-    "p=10**3 \n",
-    "m=4*math.pi*10**-7 #weber/amp-m\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #speed of light\n",
-    "x=2*math.pi\n",
-    "E_m=(1/r)*(math.sqrt((p*m*c)/x))\n",
-    "print(\"The value of E in volts/meter= %.5f\"%E_m)\n",
-    "B=E_m/c\n",
-    "print(\"B in weber/meter^2= %.8f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5OAJDoI.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5OAJDoI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d03e752b..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5OAJDoI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,266 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 33 THE MAGNETIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.1 Force acting on a proton"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of the proton in meters/sec is 30678599.55\n",
-      "Force acting on proton in nt is 7.363e-12\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "K=5*10**6 #ev\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "K1=K*e #in joules\n",
-    "m=1.7*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "B=1.5 #wb/m\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(2*K1/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of the proton in meters/sec is %.2f\"%v)\n",
-    "F=e*v*B*math.sin(theta)\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on proton in nt is %.3e\"%F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.3 Torsional constant of the spring"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is 3.333e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "N=250 #turns in coil\n",
-    "i=1.0*10**-4 #in amp\n",
-    "B=0.2 #wb/m2\n",
-    "h=2*10**-2  #coil height in m\n",
-    "w=1.0*10**-2 #width of coil in m\n",
-    "Q=30 #angular deflectin in degrees\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "A=h*w\n",
-    "k=N*i*A*B*math.sin(theta)/Q\n",
-    "print(\"Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is %.3e\"%k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.4 Work done"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is  0.23561944901923454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "N=100 #turns in circular coil\n",
-    "i=0.10 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #radius of coil in meter\n",
-    "u=N*i*math.pi*(a**2) #u is dipole moment\n",
-    "U1=(-u*B*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "U2=-u*B*math.cos(math.pi)\n",
-    "W=U2-U1\n",
-    "print(\"Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is \",W)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.5 Hall potential difference"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is 2.232142857142857e-05 or 0.0000223\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "i=200 #current in the strip in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "h=1.0*10**-3 #thickness of copper strip in metre\n",
-    "w=2*10**-2 #width of copper strip in meter\n",
-    "Vxy=i*B/(n*e*h)\n",
-    "print(\"Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is\",Vxy,\"or\",\"%.7f\"%Vxy)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.6 Orbital radius Cyclotron frequency and Period of revolution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Orbit radius in meter is 0.1080625\n",
-      "(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is 2798328.7\n",
-      "(C)  Period of revolution in sec is 0.0000004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 # in kg\n",
-    "v=1.9*10**6 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "B=1.0*10**-4 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "r=m*v/(q*B)\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Orbit radius in meter is %.7f\"%r)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "f=q*B/(2*math.pi*m)\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is %.1f\"%f)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "T=1/f\n",
-    "print(\"(C)  Period of revolution in sec is %.7f\"%T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.7 Magnetic induction and Deuteron energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is 1.5550883635269475\n",
-      "(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is 2.669e-12\n",
-      " Deuteron energy in ev is 16679852\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "f0=12*10**6 #cyclotron frequency in cycles/sec\n",
-    "r=21#dee radius in inches\n",
-    "R=r*0.0254 #dee radius in meter\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "m=3.3*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=2*math.pi*f0*m/q\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is\",B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "K=((q**2*B**2*R**2)/(2*m))\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is %.3e\"%K)\n",
-    "K1=K*(1/(1.6*10**-19))\n",
-    "print(\" Deuteron energy in ev is %d\"%K1)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5XodvPd.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5XodvPd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b7da278..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5XodvPd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,183 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 27 THE ELECTRIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.1 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\n",
-      "electric field strength in nt/coul is 5.574e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "g=9.8 #acceleration due to gravity in m/s\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge of electron in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\")\n",
-    "E=m*g/q\n",
-    "print(\"electric field strength in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.4 The point on the line joining two charges for the electric field strength to be zero"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\n",
-      "E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\n",
-      "Electric field strength is zero at x=4.142 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=2.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "l=10 #sepearation b/w q1 and q2 in cm\n",
-    "print(\"For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\")\n",
-    "#\"Refer to the fig 27.9\"\n",
-    "#E1=electric fied strength due to q1\n",
-    "#E2=electric fied strength due to q2\n",
-    "print(\"E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\")\n",
-    "x=l/(1+math.sqrt(q2/q1))\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength is zero at x=%.3f cm\"%x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.9 Deflection of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding deflection in meters is 0.000337\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "E=1.2*10**4 #electric field in nt/coul\n",
-    "x=1.5*10**-2 #length of deflecting assembly in m\n",
-    "K0=3.2*10**-16 #kinetic energy of electron in joule\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "y=e*E*x**2/(4*K0)\n",
-    "print(\"Corresponding deflection in meters is %.6f\"%y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.11 Torque and work done by external agent on electric dipole"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\n",
-      "0.002\n",
-      "(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \n",
-      "0.004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-6 #magnitude of two opposite charges of a electric dipole in coul\n",
-    "d=2.0*10**-2 #seperation b/w charges in m\n",
-    "E=1.0*10**5 #external field in nt/coul\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#(a)Max torque if found when theta=90 degrees\n",
-    "#Torque =pEsin(theta)\n",
-    "p=q*d #electric dipole moment\n",
-    "T=p*E*math.sin(math.pi/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\")\n",
-    "print(T)\n",
-    "#(b)work done by the external agent is the potential energy b/w the positions theta=180 and 0 degree\n",
-    "W=(-p*E*math.cos(math.pi))-(-p*E*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \")\n",
-    "print(W)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5alZU29.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5alZU29.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d8f167d7..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5alZU29.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 37 MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.2 Orbital dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is 9.061e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "p=((e**2)/4)*math.sqrt(r/(math.pi*epsilon0*m))\n",
-    "print(\"Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.4 Change in magnetic moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - 3.659e-29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31  #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "B=2 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "delta_p=(e**2*B*r**2)/(4*m)\n",
-    "print(\"Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - %.3e\"%delta_p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.5 Precession frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is 21020464.18\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=1.4*10**-26 #in amp-m2\n",
-    "B=0.50 #wb/m2\n",
-    "Lp=0.53*10**-34 #in joule-sec\n",
-    "fp=u*B/(2*math.pi*Lp)\n",
-    "print(\"Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is %.2f\"%fp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.6 Magnetic field strength Magnetisation Effective magnetising current and Permeability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is 2000\n",
-      "(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\n",
-      " Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m 793774.72\n",
-      "(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\n",
-      " Effective magnetizing current in amp is 793.77472\n",
-      "(D) Permeability 397.88736\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=10*10**2 #turns/m\n",
-    "i=2 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.0 #in wb/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in wb/amp-m\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "H=n*i\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is\",H)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "M=(B-u0*H)/u0\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\")\n",
-    "print(\" Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m %.2f\"%M)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\")\n",
-    "i=M/n\n",
-    "print(\" Effective magnetizing current in amp is %.5f\"%i)\n",
-    "#D\n",
-    "Km=B/(u0*H)\n",
-    "print(\"(D) Permeability %.5f\"%Km)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5vybg0X.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5vybg0X.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b0a93be7..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_5vybg0X.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,185 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 42 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION SPHERICAL WAVES AND SPHERICAL SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.4 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "x= 0.05\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= 40.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=1\n",
-    "n2=2\n",
-    "o=20 #in cm\n",
-    "r=10 #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=\",x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm=\",i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.5 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -0.03333\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -30\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=2\n",
-    "n2=1\n",
-    "o=15   #in cm\n",
-    "r=-10  #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %d\"%i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.7 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/f in cm= 0.0325\n",
-      "f=1/x\n",
-      "f in cm= 30.76923\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n=1.65\n",
-    "r_1=40   #in cm\n",
-    "r_2=-40  #in cm\n",
-    "x=(n-1)*((1/r_1)-(1/r_2))\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/f in cm= %.4f\"%x)\n",
-    "print(\"f=1/x\")\n",
-    "f=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"f in cm= %.5f\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.8 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/i in cm= -0.06944\n",
-      "i in cm= -14.4\n",
-      "Lateral magnification =\n",
-      "m= 1.6\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "o=9  #in cm\n",
-    "f=24 #in cm\n",
-    "x=(1/f)-(1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"i in cm= %.1f\"%i)\n",
-    "print(\"Lateral magnification =\")\n",
-    "m=-(i/o)\n",
-    "print('m= %.1f'%m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_61hsExw.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_61hsExw.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index c497e908..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_61hsExw.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 26:CHARGE AND MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.1 Magnitude of total charges in a copper penny"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Magnitude of the charges in coulombs is  133687.50000000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m =3.1 #mass of copper penny in grams\n",
-    "e =4.6*10** -18 #charge in coulombs\n",
-    "N0 =6*10**23 #avogadro’s number atoms / mole\n",
-    "M =64  #molecular weight of copper in gm/ mole\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "N =( N0 * m ) / M  #No. of copper atoms in penny\n",
-    "q = N * e  # magnitude of the charges in coulombs\n",
-    "print (\" Magnitude of the charges in coulomb is \",q )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 26.2 Separation between total positive and negative charges"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is  5813776741.499454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F =4.5 #Force of attraction in nt\n",
-    "q =1.3*10**5 #total charge in coulomb\n",
-    "r = q * math.sqrt ((9*10**9) / F ) ;\n",
-    "print(\" Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is \",r )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.3 Force acting on charge q1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is 2.0999999999999996\n",
-      "Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is -1.5588457268119893\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given three charges q1,q2,q3\n",
-    "q1=-1.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=+3.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q3=-2.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r12=15*10**-2 #separation between q1 and q2 in m\n",
-    "r13=10*10**-2 # separation between q1 and q3 in m\n",
-    "angle=math.pi/6 #in degrees\n",
-    "F12=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q2/(r12**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F13=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q3/(r13**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F12x=-F12  #ignoring signs of charges\n",
-    "F13x=F13*math.sin(angle);\n",
-    "F1x=F12x+F13x\n",
-    "F12y=0 #from fig.263\n",
-    "F13y=-F13*math.cos(angle);\n",
-    "F1y=F12y+F13y #in nt\n",
-    "print(\"X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1x)\n",
-    "print(\"Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.4 Electrical and Gravitational force between two particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Coulomb force in nt is 8.202207191171238e-08\n",
-      "Gravitational force in nt is 3.689889640441438e-47\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=5.3*10**-11 #distance between electron and proton in the hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "G=6.7*10**-11 #gravitatinal constant in nt-m2/kg2\n",
-    "m1=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "m2=1.7*10**-27 #mass of proton in kg\n",
-    "F1=(9*10**9)*e*e/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "F2=G*m1*m2/(r**2) #gravitational force\n",
-    "print(\"Coulomb force in nt is\",F1)\n",
-    "print(\"Gravitational force in nt is\",F2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.5 Repulsive force between two protons in a nucleus of iron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Repulsive coulomb force F  14.4 nt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=4*10**-15 #separation between proton annd nucleus in iron in meters\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "F=(9*10**9)*(q**2)/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "print(\"Repulsive coulomb force F \",F,'nt')"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_674AOQU.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_674AOQU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 80d62fec..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_674AOQU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 48 WAVES AND PROPOGATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.1 Velocity and Wavelength of particle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in m/s 5929994.5\n",
-      "Wavelength in A 1.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=100*(1.6*(10**-19))\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(((2*k)/(m)))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in m/s %.1f\"%v)\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34)\n",
-    "p=5.4*(10**-34)\n",
-    "lamda=h/p\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A %.3f\"%lamda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.2 Quantized energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in Joule= 5.984e-20\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*10**-34 #j/sec\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "l=1*(10**-9)  #in m\n",
-    "E=(n**2)*((h**2)/(8*m*(l**2)))\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in Joule= %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.3 Quantum number"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 5.000e-22\n",
-      "Quantum number= 3.030e+14\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=10**-9    #in kg\n",
-    "v=10**-6    #in m/s\n",
-    "l=10**-4    #in m\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*(10**-34)  #j/s\n",
-    "E=(0.5)*m*(v**2)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E)\n",
-    "n=(l/h)*(math.sqrt(8*m*E))\n",
-    "print(\"Quantum number= %.3e\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.5 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= 2.730e-28\n",
-      "Delta_p in kg-m/s= 2.730e-32\n",
-      "Minimum uncertainaity in m= 0.02418\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "v=300 #in m/s\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34) #in j-s\n",
-    "p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%p)\n",
-    "delta_p=(0.0001)*p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_p in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(h/delta_p)\n",
-    "print(\"Minimum uncertainaity in m= %.5f\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.6 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Momentum in kg-m/s= 15.0\n",
-      "Delta_x in meter= 4.400e-35\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=0.05 #in kg\n",
-    "v=300  #m/s\n",
-    "delta_p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum in kg-m/s=\",delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(6.6*10**-34)/delta_p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_x in meter= %.3e\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_6FrZp4V.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_6FrZp4V.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7cae8043..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_6FrZp4V.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,167 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 40 NATURE AND PROPOGATION OF LIGHT"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.1 Force and energy reflected"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule= 36000.0\n",
-      "Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= 0.00024\n",
-      "(B) Force in newton= 6.667e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "u=(10)*(1.0)*3600  #in Joules\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "t=3600 #in sec\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule=\",u)\n",
-    "p=(2*u)/c\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= %.5f\"%p)\n",
-    "f=p/t\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force in newton= %.3e\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.2 Angular speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular speed in rev/sec= 12.07030\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "theta=1/1440\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "l=8630 #in m\n",
-    "w=(c*theta)/(2*l)\n",
-    "print(\"Angular speed in rev/sec= %.5f\"%w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.3 Calculation of c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Lambda_g in cm= 3.9\n",
-      "Value of c in m/sec= 2.992e+10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "l=15.6 #in cm\n",
-    "n=8\n",
-    "lambda_g=(2*l)/n\n",
-    "print(\"Lambda_g in cm=\",lambda_g)\n",
-    "lamda=3.15  #in cm\n",
-    "f=9.5*10**9 #cycles/sec\n",
-    "c=lamda*f\n",
-    "print(\"Value of c in m/sec= %.3e\"%c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.4 Percentage error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of light in miles/hour= 50000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "v_1=25000 #miles/hr\n",
-    "u=25000   #miles/hr\n",
-    "c=6.7*10**8 #miles/hr\n",
-    "x=1+((v_1*u)/(c)**2)\n",
-    "v=(v_1+u)/x\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of light in miles/hour= %.0f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_6qwmhHU.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_6qwmhHU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a0180572..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_6qwmhHU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 41 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION OF PLANE WAVES AND PLANE SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.1 Angle between two refracted beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.88234\n",
-      "For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.99290\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4702\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4624\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.4 Index of glass"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Index reflection= 1.41421\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1/math.sin(45*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"Index reflection= %.5f\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.5 Calculation of Angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle theta_c in degree= 62.45732\n",
-      "Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\n",
-      "Angle of refraction:\n",
-      "Theta_2 in degree= 52.89097\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n2=1.33\n",
-    "n1=1.50\n",
-    "theta_c=math.degrees(math.asin(n2/n1))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle theta_c in degree= %.5f\"%theta_c)\n",
-    "print(\"Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\")\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction:\")\n",
-    "x=n1/n2\n",
-    "theta_2=(math.asin(x*math.sin(45*math.pi/180))*180/math.pi)\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta_2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7lqJxZS.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7lqJxZS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ee009cd1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7lqJxZS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 36 INDUCTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.1 Inductance of a toroid"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is 0.0013863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "N=10**3 #no.of turns\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #im meter\n",
-    "b=10*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "h=1*10**-2 #in metre\n",
-    "L=(u0*N**2*h)/(2*math.pi)*math.log(b/a)\n",
-    "print(\"Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is %.7f\"%L)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.2 Time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is 1.1552453\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=50 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=30 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "t0=math.log(2)*(L/R)\n",
-    "print(\"Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is %.7f\"%t0)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.3 Maximum Current and Energy stored"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum current in amp is 5.0\n",
-      "Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is 62.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=5 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "V=100 #emf in volts\n",
-    "R=20 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "i=V/R\n",
-    "print(\"Maximum current in amp is\",i)\n",
-    "U=(L*i**2)/2\n",
-    "print(\"Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is %.1f\"%U)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.4 Rate at which energy is stored and delivered and appeared"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is 0.5689085\n",
-      "The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is 0.3596188\n",
-      "Let D=di/dt\n",
-      "The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is 0.2092897\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=3 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=10 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "V=3 #emf in volts\n",
-    "t=0.30 #in sec\n",
-    "T=0.30 #inductive time constant in sec\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "i=(V/R)*(1-math.exp(-t/T))\n",
-    "P1=V*i\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is %.7f\"%P1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "P2=i**2*R\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is %.7f\"%P2)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "print(\"Let D=di/dt\")\n",
-    "D=(V/L)*math.exp(-t/T) #in amp/sec\n",
-    "P3=L*i*D\n",
-    "print(\"The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is %.7f\"%P3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.6 Energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is 0.0000445\n",
-      "(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is 397.887\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "E=10**5 #elelctric field in volts/meter\n",
-    "B=1 #magnetic field in weber/meter2\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "a=0.1 #side of the cube in meter\n",
-    "V0=a**3 #volume of the cube in meter3\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "U1=epsilon0*E**2*V0/2 #in elelctric field\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is %.7f\"%U1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "U2=(B**2/(2*u0))*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is %.3f\"%U2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7lzRnr0.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7lzRnr0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5d6ec9b4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7lzRnr0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,177 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 43 INTERFERENCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.1 Angular position of first minimum"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sin theta = 0.00273\n",
-      "Angle in degree= 0.15642\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=546*10**-9\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "sin_theta=((m-0.5)*lamda)/(d)\n",
-    "print(\"Sin theta = %.5f\"%sin_theta)\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle in degree= %.5f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.2 Linear distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Linear distance in meter= 0.00109\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "delta=546*10**-9  #in meter\n",
-    "D=20*10**-2     #in meter\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3  #in meter\n",
-    "delta_y=(delta*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"Linear distance in meter= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.4 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 5674.666666666667\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 8500.0\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 3404.8\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 4250.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=3200  #in A\n",
-    "n=1.33\n",
-    "for m in range(1,3):\n",
-    "    lambda_max=(2*d*n)/(m+0.5)\n",
-    "    lambda_min=(8500/m)\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_max=\",lambda_max)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_min=\",lambda_min)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.5 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 0\n",
-      "d in A=905.797\n",
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "d in A=2717.391\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "d in A=4528.986\n",
-      "When m= 3\n",
-      "d in A=6340.580\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5000 #in A\n",
-    "n=1.38\n",
-    "for m in range(0,4):\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    d=((m+0.5)*lamda)/(2*n)\n",
-    "    print(\"d in A=%.3f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7mCirX8.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7mCirX8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5d6ec9b4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7mCirX8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,177 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 43 INTERFERENCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.1 Angular position of first minimum"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sin theta = 0.00273\n",
-      "Angle in degree= 0.15642\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=546*10**-9\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "sin_theta=((m-0.5)*lamda)/(d)\n",
-    "print(\"Sin theta = %.5f\"%sin_theta)\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle in degree= %.5f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.2 Linear distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Linear distance in meter= 0.00109\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "delta=546*10**-9  #in meter\n",
-    "D=20*10**-2     #in meter\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3  #in meter\n",
-    "delta_y=(delta*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"Linear distance in meter= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.4 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 5674.666666666667\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 8500.0\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 3404.8\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 4250.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=3200  #in A\n",
-    "n=1.33\n",
-    "for m in range(1,3):\n",
-    "    lambda_max=(2*d*n)/(m+0.5)\n",
-    "    lambda_min=(8500/m)\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_max=\",lambda_max)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_min=\",lambda_min)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.5 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 0\n",
-      "d in A=905.797\n",
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "d in A=2717.391\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "d in A=4528.986\n",
-      "When m= 3\n",
-      "d in A=6340.580\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5000 #in A\n",
-    "n=1.38\n",
-    "for m in range(0,4):\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    d=((m+0.5)*lamda)/(2*n)\n",
-    "    print(\"d in A=%.3f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7pdEUt8.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7pdEUt8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cd850cd0..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_7pdEUt8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 46 POLARIZATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.1 Calculation of theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polarization angle theta= 135.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.acos(1/math.sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "theta=180-theta\n",
-    "print(\"Polarization angle theta=\",theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.2 Angle of refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Theta_p in degrees=56.30993\n",
-      "Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=33.69007\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_p= math.degrees(math.atan(1.5))\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_p in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_p)\n",
-    "sin_theta_r= (math.sin(theta_p*math.pi/180))/1.5\n",
-    "theta_r=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta_r))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_r)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.3 Thickness of slab"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Value of x in m= 163611.111111113\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "n_e=1.553\n",
-    "n_o=1.544\n",
-    "s=(n_e)-(n_o)\n",
-    "x=(lamda)/(4*s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"The Value of x in m=\",x)\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_96rcQDS.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_96rcQDS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 486ad42a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_96rcQDS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 39 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 39.6 Magnitude of electric and magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of E in volts/meter= 244.94897\n",
-      "B in weber/meter^2= 0.00000082\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=1  #in m\n",
-    "p=10**3 \n",
-    "m=4*math.pi*10**-7 #weber/amp-m\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #speed of light\n",
-    "x=2*math.pi\n",
-    "E_m=(1/r)*(math.sqrt((p*m*c)/x))\n",
-    "print(\"The value of E in volts/meter= %.5f\"%E_m)\n",
-    "B=E_m/c\n",
-    "print(\"B in weber/meter^2= %.8f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_986l79d.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_986l79d.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cd850cd0..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_986l79d.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 46 POLARIZATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.1 Calculation of theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polarization angle theta= 135.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.acos(1/math.sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "theta=180-theta\n",
-    "print(\"Polarization angle theta=\",theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.2 Angle of refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Theta_p in degrees=56.30993\n",
-      "Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=33.69007\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_p= math.degrees(math.atan(1.5))\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_p in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_p)\n",
-    "sin_theta_r= (math.sin(theta_p*math.pi/180))/1.5\n",
-    "theta_r=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta_r))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_r)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.3 Thickness of slab"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Value of x in m= 163611.111111113\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "n_e=1.553\n",
-    "n_o=1.544\n",
-    "s=(n_e)-(n_o)\n",
-    "x=(lamda)/(4*s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"The Value of x in m=\",x)\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9ErC6RA.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9ErC6RA.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index c497e908..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9ErC6RA.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 26:CHARGE AND MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.1 Magnitude of total charges in a copper penny"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Magnitude of the charges in coulombs is  133687.50000000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m =3.1 #mass of copper penny in grams\n",
-    "e =4.6*10** -18 #charge in coulombs\n",
-    "N0 =6*10**23 #avogadro’s number atoms / mole\n",
-    "M =64  #molecular weight of copper in gm/ mole\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "N =( N0 * m ) / M  #No. of copper atoms in penny\n",
-    "q = N * e  # magnitude of the charges in coulombs\n",
-    "print (\" Magnitude of the charges in coulomb is \",q )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 26.2 Separation between total positive and negative charges"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is  5813776741.499454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F =4.5 #Force of attraction in nt\n",
-    "q =1.3*10**5 #total charge in coulomb\n",
-    "r = q * math.sqrt ((9*10**9) / F ) ;\n",
-    "print(\" Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is \",r )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.3 Force acting on charge q1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is 2.0999999999999996\n",
-      "Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is -1.5588457268119893\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given three charges q1,q2,q3\n",
-    "q1=-1.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=+3.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q3=-2.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r12=15*10**-2 #separation between q1 and q2 in m\n",
-    "r13=10*10**-2 # separation between q1 and q3 in m\n",
-    "angle=math.pi/6 #in degrees\n",
-    "F12=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q2/(r12**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F13=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q3/(r13**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F12x=-F12  #ignoring signs of charges\n",
-    "F13x=F13*math.sin(angle);\n",
-    "F1x=F12x+F13x\n",
-    "F12y=0 #from fig.263\n",
-    "F13y=-F13*math.cos(angle);\n",
-    "F1y=F12y+F13y #in nt\n",
-    "print(\"X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1x)\n",
-    "print(\"Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.4 Electrical and Gravitational force between two particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Coulomb force in nt is 8.202207191171238e-08\n",
-      "Gravitational force in nt is 3.689889640441438e-47\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=5.3*10**-11 #distance between electron and proton in the hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "G=6.7*10**-11 #gravitatinal constant in nt-m2/kg2\n",
-    "m1=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "m2=1.7*10**-27 #mass of proton in kg\n",
-    "F1=(9*10**9)*e*e/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "F2=G*m1*m2/(r**2) #gravitational force\n",
-    "print(\"Coulomb force in nt is\",F1)\n",
-    "print(\"Gravitational force in nt is\",F2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.5 Repulsive force between two protons in a nucleus of iron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Repulsive coulomb force F  14.4 nt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=4*10**-15 #separation between proton annd nucleus in iron in meters\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "F=(9*10**9)*(q**2)/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "print(\"Repulsive coulomb force F \",F,'nt')"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9Rw4WUL.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9Rw4WUL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index c497e908..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9Rw4WUL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 26:CHARGE AND MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.1 Magnitude of total charges in a copper penny"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Magnitude of the charges in coulombs is  133687.50000000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m =3.1 #mass of copper penny in grams\n",
-    "e =4.6*10** -18 #charge in coulombs\n",
-    "N0 =6*10**23 #avogadro’s number atoms / mole\n",
-    "M =64  #molecular weight of copper in gm/ mole\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "N =( N0 * m ) / M  #No. of copper atoms in penny\n",
-    "q = N * e  # magnitude of the charges in coulombs\n",
-    "print (\" Magnitude of the charges in coulomb is \",q )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 26.2 Separation between total positive and negative charges"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is  5813776741.499454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F =4.5 #Force of attraction in nt\n",
-    "q =1.3*10**5 #total charge in coulomb\n",
-    "r = q * math.sqrt ((9*10**9) / F ) ;\n",
-    "print(\" Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is \",r )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.3 Force acting on charge q1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is 2.0999999999999996\n",
-      "Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is -1.5588457268119893\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given three charges q1,q2,q3\n",
-    "q1=-1.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=+3.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q3=-2.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r12=15*10**-2 #separation between q1 and q2 in m\n",
-    "r13=10*10**-2 # separation between q1 and q3 in m\n",
-    "angle=math.pi/6 #in degrees\n",
-    "F12=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q2/(r12**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F13=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q3/(r13**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F12x=-F12  #ignoring signs of charges\n",
-    "F13x=F13*math.sin(angle);\n",
-    "F1x=F12x+F13x\n",
-    "F12y=0 #from fig.263\n",
-    "F13y=-F13*math.cos(angle);\n",
-    "F1y=F12y+F13y #in nt\n",
-    "print(\"X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1x)\n",
-    "print(\"Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.4 Electrical and Gravitational force between two particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Coulomb force in nt is 8.202207191171238e-08\n",
-      "Gravitational force in nt is 3.689889640441438e-47\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=5.3*10**-11 #distance between electron and proton in the hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "G=6.7*10**-11 #gravitatinal constant in nt-m2/kg2\n",
-    "m1=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "m2=1.7*10**-27 #mass of proton in kg\n",
-    "F1=(9*10**9)*e*e/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "F2=G*m1*m2/(r**2) #gravitational force\n",
-    "print(\"Coulomb force in nt is\",F1)\n",
-    "print(\"Gravitational force in nt is\",F2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.5 Repulsive force between two protons in a nucleus of iron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Repulsive coulomb force F  14.4 nt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=4*10**-15 #separation between proton annd nucleus in iron in meters\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "F=(9*10**9)*(q**2)/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "print(\"Repulsive coulomb force F \",F,'nt')"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9cwcC1v.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9cwcC1v.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 904b1c32..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9cwcC1v.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 31 CURRENT AND RESISTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.1 Current density"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches 1273.240\n",
-      "Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches 3108.495\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=0.10 #diameter of aluminium wire in inches\n",
-    "d2=0.064 #diameter of copper wire in inches\n",
-    "i=10 #current carried by composite wire in amperes\n",
-    "A1=math.pi*(d1/2)**2 #crosssectional area of aluminium wire in square inches\n",
-    "A2=math.pi*(d2/2)**2 #crosssectional area of copper wire in square inches\n",
-    "j1=i/A1\n",
-    "j2=i/A2\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j1)\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.2 Drift speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole 8.438e+22\n",
-      "Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is 0.03556\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "j=480 #current density for copper wire in amp/cm2\n",
-    "N0=6*10**23 #avagadro number in atoms/mole\n",
-    "M=64 #molecular wt in gm/mole\n",
-    "d=9.0 #density in gm/cm3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #elecron charge in coul\n",
-    "n=d*N0/M \n",
-    "print(\"No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole %.3e\"%n)\n",
-    "Vd=j/(n*e)\n",
-    "print(\"Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is %.5f\"%Vd)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.3 Resistance and resistivity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is 0.175\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is 7.0e-05\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\")\n",
-    "l=1.0*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "b=1.0*10**-2#in meter\n",
-    "h=50*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "p=3.5*10**-5 #resisivity of carbon in ohm-m\n",
-    "#(a)Resistance b/w two square ends\n",
-    "l1=h\n",
-    "A1=b*l\n",
-    "R1=p*l1/A1\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is %.3f\"%R1)\n",
-    "l2=l\n",
-    "A2=b*h\n",
-    "R2=p*l2/A2\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is %.1e\"%R2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.4 Mean time and Mean free path"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is 4.979e-14\n",
-      "(b) Mean free path in cm is 0.000008\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #in kg\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-1\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "p=1.7*10**-8 #in ohm-m\n",
-    "v=1.6*10**8 #in cm/sec\n",
-    "T=2*m/(n*p*e**2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is %.3e\"%T)\n",
-    "Lambda=T*v\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Mean free path in cm is %f\"%Lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.5 Power"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Power for the single coil in watts is 504.167\n",
-      "(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is 1008.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=110 #in volt\n",
-    "R=24 #ohms\n",
-    "P1=V**2/R\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Power for the single coil in watts is %.3f\"%P1)\n",
-    "P2=V**2/(R/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is %.3f\"%P2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9dxIAgL.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9dxIAgL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 21e23dc9..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9dxIAgL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 30 CAPACITORS AND DIELECTRICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.1 Plate area"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Plate area in square meter is 1.130e+08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "C=1.0 #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "d=1.0*10**-3 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=d*C/epsilon0\n",
-    "print(\"Plate area in square meter is %.3e\"%A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.5 To calculate Capacitance Free charge Electric field strength Potential diffrence between plates"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is 8.850e-12\n",
-      "(b)Free charge in coul is 8.850e-10\n",
-      "(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is 10000\n",
-      "(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is 1428.5714\n",
-      "(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is 57.1429\n",
-      "(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is 1.549e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "b=5*10**-3 #thickness of dielectric lab in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "C0=epsilon0*A/d\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is %.3e\"%C0)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "q=C0*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Free charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "E0=q/(epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is %d\"%E0)\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "E=q/(k*epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is %.4f\"%E)\n",
-    "#(e)\n",
-    "#Refer to fig30-12\n",
-    "V=E0*(d-b)+E*b\n",
-    "print(\"(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is %.4f\"%V)\n",
-    "#(f)\n",
-    "C=q/V\n",
-    "print(\"(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is %.3e\"%C)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.6 To calculate Electric displacement and Electric polarisation in dielectric and air gap"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is 8.859e-08\n",
-      "Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is 7.593e-08\n",
-      "(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is 8.850e-08\n",
-      "Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "E0=1*10**4 #Electric field in the air gap in volts/meter\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "k0=1\n",
-    "E=1.43*10**3 #in volts/metre\n",
-    "D=k*E*epsilon0\n",
-    "P=epsilon0*(k-1)*E\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is %.3e\"%P)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "D0=k0*epsilon0*E0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D0)\n",
-    "P0=epsilon0*(k0-1)*E0\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is\",P0)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9lfHTPa.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9lfHTPa.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 34883c4a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9lfHTPa.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 35 FARADAYS LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.1 Induced EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0376991\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000118\n",
-      "Induced EMF in volts is -0.0473741\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "r=3*10**-2 #radius of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=200*10**2 #number of turns in solenoid per meter\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i=1.5 #current in amp\n",
-    "N=100 #no.of turns in a close packed coil placed at the center of solenoid\n",
-    "d=2*10**-2 #diameter of coil in meter\n",
-    "delta_T=0.050 #in sec\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)\n",
-    "delta_Q=Q-(-Q)\n",
-    "E=-(N*delta_Q/delta_T)\n",
-    "print(\"Induced EMF in volts is %.7f\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.7 Induced electric field and EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\n",
-      "(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z 2.0\n",
-      "(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is 0.2\n",
-      "Induced emf in volt observed by Z is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "B=2 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "l=10*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "v=1.0 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\")\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "E=v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z\",E)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "F=q*v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is %.1e\"%F)\n",
-    "F1=q*E\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is %.1e\"%F1)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "emf1=B*l*v\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is\",emf1)\n",
-    "emf2=E*l\n",
-    "print(\"Induced emf in volt observed by Z is\",emf2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9saU825.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9saU825.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ee009cd1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_9saU825.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 36 INDUCTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.1 Inductance of a toroid"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is 0.0013863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "N=10**3 #no.of turns\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #im meter\n",
-    "b=10*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "h=1*10**-2 #in metre\n",
-    "L=(u0*N**2*h)/(2*math.pi)*math.log(b/a)\n",
-    "print(\"Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is %.7f\"%L)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.2 Time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is 1.1552453\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=50 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=30 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "t0=math.log(2)*(L/R)\n",
-    "print(\"Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is %.7f\"%t0)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.3 Maximum Current and Energy stored"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum current in amp is 5.0\n",
-      "Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is 62.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=5 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "V=100 #emf in volts\n",
-    "R=20 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "i=V/R\n",
-    "print(\"Maximum current in amp is\",i)\n",
-    "U=(L*i**2)/2\n",
-    "print(\"Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is %.1f\"%U)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.4 Rate at which energy is stored and delivered and appeared"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is 0.5689085\n",
-      "The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is 0.3596188\n",
-      "Let D=di/dt\n",
-      "The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is 0.2092897\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=3 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=10 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "V=3 #emf in volts\n",
-    "t=0.30 #in sec\n",
-    "T=0.30 #inductive time constant in sec\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "i=(V/R)*(1-math.exp(-t/T))\n",
-    "P1=V*i\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is %.7f\"%P1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "P2=i**2*R\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is %.7f\"%P2)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "print(\"Let D=di/dt\")\n",
-    "D=(V/L)*math.exp(-t/T) #in amp/sec\n",
-    "P3=L*i*D\n",
-    "print(\"The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is %.7f\"%P3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.6 Energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is 0.0000445\n",
-      "(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is 397.887\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "E=10**5 #elelctric field in volts/meter\n",
-    "B=1 #magnetic field in weber/meter2\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "a=0.1 #side of the cube in meter\n",
-    "V0=a**3 #volume of the cube in meter3\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "U1=epsilon0*E**2*V0/2 #in elelctric field\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is %.7f\"%U1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "U2=(B**2/(2*u0))*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is %.3f\"%U2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_BKMHuy0.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_BKMHuy0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4cfd02ed..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_BKMHuy0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,214 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.3 Magnitude of an isolated positive point charge"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\n",
-      "Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is 1.112e-09\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V=100 #electric potential in volts\n",
-    "r=10*10**-2 #in meters\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\")\n",
-    "q=V*4*math.pi*epsilon0*r\n",
-    "print(\"Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.4 Electric potential at the surface of a gold nucleus"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is 17220668\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=6.6*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "V=q/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is %d\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.5 Potential at the center of the square"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential at the center of the square in volts is 508.65\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=-2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q3=3.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q4=2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "a=1 #side of square in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "#refer to the fig 29.7\n",
-    "r=a/math.sqrt(2) #distance of charges from centre in meter\n",
-    "V=(q1+q2+q3+q4)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Potential at the center of the square in volts is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.8 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is 3.837e-14\n",
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is 239781.46\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r=6.0*10**-15 #seperation b/w two protons in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "U=(q1*q2)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is %.3e\"%U)\n",
-    "V=U/q1\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.9 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \n",
-      "Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is -0.008991804694457362\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-7 #charge in coul\n",
-    "a=10*10**-2 #side of triangle in meter\n",
-    "q1=q\n",
-    "q2=-4*q\n",
-    "q3=2*q\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \")\n",
-    "U=(1/(4*math.pi*epsilon0))*(((q1*q2)/a)+((q1*q3)/a)+((q2*q3)/a))\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is\",U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_BUWDqRo.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_BUWDqRo.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4651a1a4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_BUWDqRo.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 44 DIFFRACTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.1 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a in A=13000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=6500 #in A\n",
-    "a=(m*lamda)/math.sin(30*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"a in A=%d\"%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.2 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Wavelength in A = 4333.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=6500\n",
-    "lambda_1=lamda/1.5\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A = %.3f\"%lambda_1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.5 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.06990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2  #meters\n",
-    "byd=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*byd)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.5f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.7 Delta Y"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) D in m= 0.00240\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=480*10**-9 #in m\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "D=50*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "a=0.02*10**-3\n",
-    "delta_y=(lamda*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"(A) D in m= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_CtUwKOt.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_CtUwKOt.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ee009cd1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_CtUwKOt.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 36 INDUCTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.1 Inductance of a toroid"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is 0.0013863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "N=10**3 #no.of turns\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #im meter\n",
-    "b=10*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "h=1*10**-2 #in metre\n",
-    "L=(u0*N**2*h)/(2*math.pi)*math.log(b/a)\n",
-    "print(\"Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is %.7f\"%L)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.2 Time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is 1.1552453\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=50 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=30 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "t0=math.log(2)*(L/R)\n",
-    "print(\"Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is %.7f\"%t0)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.3 Maximum Current and Energy stored"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum current in amp is 5.0\n",
-      "Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is 62.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=5 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "V=100 #emf in volts\n",
-    "R=20 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "i=V/R\n",
-    "print(\"Maximum current in amp is\",i)\n",
-    "U=(L*i**2)/2\n",
-    "print(\"Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is %.1f\"%U)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.4 Rate at which energy is stored and delivered and appeared"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is 0.5689085\n",
-      "The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is 0.3596188\n",
-      "Let D=di/dt\n",
-      "The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is 0.2092897\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=3 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=10 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "V=3 #emf in volts\n",
-    "t=0.30 #in sec\n",
-    "T=0.30 #inductive time constant in sec\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "i=(V/R)*(1-math.exp(-t/T))\n",
-    "P1=V*i\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is %.7f\"%P1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "P2=i**2*R\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is %.7f\"%P2)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "print(\"Let D=di/dt\")\n",
-    "D=(V/L)*math.exp(-t/T) #in amp/sec\n",
-    "P3=L*i*D\n",
-    "print(\"The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is %.7f\"%P3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.6 Energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is 0.0000445\n",
-      "(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is 397.887\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "E=10**5 #elelctric field in volts/meter\n",
-    "B=1 #magnetic field in weber/meter2\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "a=0.1 #side of the cube in meter\n",
-    "V0=a**3 #volume of the cube in meter3\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "U1=epsilon0*E**2*V0/2 #in elelctric field\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is %.7f\"%U1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "U2=(B**2/(2*u0))*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is %.3f\"%U2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_EqCg1Kp.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_EqCg1Kp.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ba08df46..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_EqCg1Kp.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,188 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 27 THE ELECTRIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.1 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\n",
-      "electric field strength in nt/coul is 5.574e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "g=9.8 #acceleration due to gravity in m/s\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge of electron in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\")\n",
-    "E=m*g/q\n",
-    "print(\"electric field strength in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.4 The point on the line joining two charges for the electric field strength to be zero"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\n",
-      "E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\n",
-      "Electric field strength is zero at x=4.142 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=2.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "l=10 #sepearation b/w q1 and q2 in cm\n",
-    "print(\"For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\")\n",
-    "#\"Refer to the fig 27.9\"\n",
-    "#E1=electric fied strength due to q1\n",
-    "#E2=electric fied strength due to q2\n",
-    "print(\"E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\")\n",
-    "x=l/(1+math.sqrt(q2/q1))\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength is zero at x=%.3f cm\"%x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.9 Deflection of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding deflection in meters is 0.000337\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "E=1.2*10**4 #electric field in nt/coul\n",
-    "x=1.5*10**-2 #length of deflecting assembly in m\n",
-    "K0=3.2*10**-16 #kinetic energy of electron in joule\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "y=e*E*x**2/(4*K0)\n",
-    "print(\"Corresponding deflection in meters is %.6f\"%y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.11 Torque and work done by external agent on electric dipole"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\n",
-      "0.002\n",
-      "(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \n",
-      "0.004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-6 #magnitude of two opposite charges of a electric dipole in coul\n",
-    "d=2.0*10**-2 #seperation b/w charges in m\n",
-    "E=1.0*10**5 #external field in nt/coul\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#(a)Max torque if found when theta=90 degrees\n",
-    "#Torque =pEsin(theta)\n",
-    "p=q*d #electric dipole moment\n",
-    "T=p*E*math.sin(math.pi/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\")\n",
-    "print(T)\n",
-    "#(b)work done by the external agent is the potential energy b/w the positions theta=180 and 0 degree\n",
-    "W=(-p*E*math.cos(math.pi))-(-p*E*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \")\n",
-    "print(W)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_G05Dl5E.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_G05Dl5E.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d8f167d7..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_G05Dl5E.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 37 MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.2 Orbital dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is 9.061e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "p=((e**2)/4)*math.sqrt(r/(math.pi*epsilon0*m))\n",
-    "print(\"Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.4 Change in magnetic moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - 3.659e-29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31  #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "B=2 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "delta_p=(e**2*B*r**2)/(4*m)\n",
-    "print(\"Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - %.3e\"%delta_p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.5 Precession frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is 21020464.18\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=1.4*10**-26 #in amp-m2\n",
-    "B=0.50 #wb/m2\n",
-    "Lp=0.53*10**-34 #in joule-sec\n",
-    "fp=u*B/(2*math.pi*Lp)\n",
-    "print(\"Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is %.2f\"%fp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.6 Magnetic field strength Magnetisation Effective magnetising current and Permeability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is 2000\n",
-      "(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\n",
-      " Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m 793774.72\n",
-      "(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\n",
-      " Effective magnetizing current in amp is 793.77472\n",
-      "(D) Permeability 397.88736\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=10*10**2 #turns/m\n",
-    "i=2 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.0 #in wb/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in wb/amp-m\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "H=n*i\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is\",H)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "M=(B-u0*H)/u0\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\")\n",
-    "print(\" Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m %.2f\"%M)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\")\n",
-    "i=M/n\n",
-    "print(\" Effective magnetizing current in amp is %.5f\"%i)\n",
-    "#D\n",
-    "Km=B/(u0*H)\n",
-    "print(\"(D) Permeability %.5f\"%Km)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_GefqDaC.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_GefqDaC.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 047fa477..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_GefqDaC.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 33 THE MAGNETIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.1 Force acting on a proton"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of the proton in meters/sec is 30678599.55\n",
-      "Force acting on proton in nt is 7.363e-12\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "K=5*10**6 #ev\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "K1=K*e #in joules\n",
-    "m=1.7*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "B=1.5 #wb/m\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(2*K1/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of the proton in meters/sec is %.2f\"%v)\n",
-    "F=e*v*B*math.sin(theta)\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on proton in nt is %.3e\"%F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.3 Torsional constant of the spring"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is 3.333e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "N=250 #turns in coil\n",
-    "i=1.0*10**-4 #in amp\n",
-    "B=0.2 #wb/m2\n",
-    "h=2*10**-2  #coil height in m\n",
-    "w=1.0*10**-2 #width of coil in m\n",
-    "Q=30 #angular deflectin in degrees\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "A=h*w\n",
-    "k=N*i*A*B*math.sin(theta)/Q\n",
-    "print(\"Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is %.3e\"%k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.4 Work done"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is  0.23561944901923454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "N=100 #turns in circular coil\n",
-    "i=0.10 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #radius of coil in meter\n",
-    "u=N*i*math.pi*(a**2) #u is dipole moment\n",
-    "U1=(-u*B*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "U2=-u*B*math.cos(math.pi)\n",
-    "W=U2-U1\n",
-    "print(\"Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is \",W)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.5 Hall potential difference"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is 2.232142857142857e-05 or 0.0000223\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "i=200 #current in the strip in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "h=1.0*10**-3 #thickness of copper strip in metre\n",
-    "w=2*10**-2 #width of copper strip in meter\n",
-    "Vxy=i*B/(n*e*h)\n",
-    "print(\"Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is\",Vxy,\"or\",\"%.7f\"%Vxy)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.6 Orbital radius Cyclotron frequency and Period of revolution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Orbit radius in meter is 0.1080625\n",
-      "(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is 2798328.7\n",
-      "(C)  Period of revolution in sec is 0.0000004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 # in kg\n",
-    "v=1.9*10**6 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "B=1.0*10**-4 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "r=m*v/(q*B)\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Orbit radius in meter is %.7f\"%r)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "f=q*B/(2*math.pi*m)\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is %.1f\"%f)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "T=1/f\n",
-    "print(\"(C)  Period of revolution in sec is %.7f\"%T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.7 Magnetic induction and Deuteron energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is 1.5550883635269475\n",
-      "(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is 2.669e-12\n",
-      " Deuteron energy in ev is 16679852\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "f0=12*10**6 #cyclotron frequency in cycles/sec\n",
-    "r=21#dee radius in inches\n",
-    "R=r*0.0254 #dee radius in meter\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "m=3.3*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=2*math.pi*f0*m/q\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is\",B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "K=((q**2*B**2*R**2)/(2*m))\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is %.3e\"%K)\n",
-    "K1=K*(1/(1.6*10**-19))\n",
-    "print(\" Deuteron energy in ev is %d\"%K1)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Gtv6wpV.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Gtv6wpV.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d07485b3..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Gtv6wpV.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,151 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 34 AMPERES LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.3 Distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation between two wires in metres 0.0054795\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "i1=100 #in amp\n",
-    "i2=20 #in amp\n",
-    "W=0.073 #weight of second wire W=F/l in nt/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "d=u0*i1*i2/(2*math.pi*W)\n",
-    "print(\"Separation between two wires in metres %.7f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.5 Magnetic field and Magnetic flux"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0267035\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000189\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "d=3*10**-2 #diameter of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=5*850 #number of layers and turns of wire\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i0=5.0 #current in amp\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i0*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.9 Magnetic field and Magnetic dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 13.404\n",
-      "(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is 8.890e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "R=5.1*10**-11 #radius of th enucleus in meter\n",
-    "f=6.8*10**15 #frequency with which elecron circulates in rev/sec\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "x=0 #x is any point on the orbit, since at center x=0\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "i=e*f\n",
-    "B=u0*i*R**2*0.5/((R**2+x**2)**(3/2))\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 %.3f\"%B)\n",
-    "N=1 #no.of turns\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2\n",
-    "U=N*i*A\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_HTSThxL.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_HTSThxL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index c497e908..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_HTSThxL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 26:CHARGE AND MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.1 Magnitude of total charges in a copper penny"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Magnitude of the charges in coulombs is  133687.50000000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m =3.1 #mass of copper penny in grams\n",
-    "e =4.6*10** -18 #charge in coulombs\n",
-    "N0 =6*10**23 #avogadro’s number atoms / mole\n",
-    "M =64  #molecular weight of copper in gm/ mole\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "N =( N0 * m ) / M  #No. of copper atoms in penny\n",
-    "q = N * e  # magnitude of the charges in coulombs\n",
-    "print (\" Magnitude of the charges in coulomb is \",q )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 26.2 Separation between total positive and negative charges"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is  5813776741.499454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F =4.5 #Force of attraction in nt\n",
-    "q =1.3*10**5 #total charge in coulomb\n",
-    "r = q * math.sqrt ((9*10**9) / F ) ;\n",
-    "print(\" Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is \",r )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.3 Force acting on charge q1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is 2.0999999999999996\n",
-      "Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is -1.5588457268119893\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given three charges q1,q2,q3\n",
-    "q1=-1.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=+3.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q3=-2.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r12=15*10**-2 #separation between q1 and q2 in m\n",
-    "r13=10*10**-2 # separation between q1 and q3 in m\n",
-    "angle=math.pi/6 #in degrees\n",
-    "F12=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q2/(r12**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F13=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q3/(r13**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F12x=-F12  #ignoring signs of charges\n",
-    "F13x=F13*math.sin(angle);\n",
-    "F1x=F12x+F13x\n",
-    "F12y=0 #from fig.263\n",
-    "F13y=-F13*math.cos(angle);\n",
-    "F1y=F12y+F13y #in nt\n",
-    "print(\"X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1x)\n",
-    "print(\"Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.4 Electrical and Gravitational force between two particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Coulomb force in nt is 8.202207191171238e-08\n",
-      "Gravitational force in nt is 3.689889640441438e-47\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=5.3*10**-11 #distance between electron and proton in the hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "G=6.7*10**-11 #gravitatinal constant in nt-m2/kg2\n",
-    "m1=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "m2=1.7*10**-27 #mass of proton in kg\n",
-    "F1=(9*10**9)*e*e/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "F2=G*m1*m2/(r**2) #gravitational force\n",
-    "print(\"Coulomb force in nt is\",F1)\n",
-    "print(\"Gravitational force in nt is\",F2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.5 Repulsive force between two protons in a nucleus of iron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Repulsive coulomb force F  14.4 nt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=4*10**-15 #separation between proton annd nucleus in iron in meters\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "F=(9*10**9)*(q**2)/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "print(\"Repulsive coulomb force F \",F,'nt')"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_HyPiW9H.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_HyPiW9H.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 34883c4a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_HyPiW9H.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 35 FARADAYS LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.1 Induced EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0376991\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000118\n",
-      "Induced EMF in volts is -0.0473741\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "r=3*10**-2 #radius of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=200*10**2 #number of turns in solenoid per meter\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i=1.5 #current in amp\n",
-    "N=100 #no.of turns in a close packed coil placed at the center of solenoid\n",
-    "d=2*10**-2 #diameter of coil in meter\n",
-    "delta_T=0.050 #in sec\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)\n",
-    "delta_Q=Q-(-Q)\n",
-    "E=-(N*delta_Q/delta_T)\n",
-    "print(\"Induced EMF in volts is %.7f\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.7 Induced electric field and EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\n",
-      "(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z 2.0\n",
-      "(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is 0.2\n",
-      "Induced emf in volt observed by Z is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "B=2 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "l=10*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "v=1.0 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\")\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "E=v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z\",E)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "F=q*v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is %.1e\"%F)\n",
-    "F1=q*E\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is %.1e\"%F1)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "emf1=B*l*v\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is\",emf1)\n",
-    "emf2=E*l\n",
-    "print(\"Induced emf in volt observed by Z is\",emf2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Jzzhgw5.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Jzzhgw5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7cae8043..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Jzzhgw5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,167 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 40 NATURE AND PROPOGATION OF LIGHT"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.1 Force and energy reflected"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule= 36000.0\n",
-      "Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= 0.00024\n",
-      "(B) Force in newton= 6.667e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "u=(10)*(1.0)*3600  #in Joules\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "t=3600 #in sec\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule=\",u)\n",
-    "p=(2*u)/c\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= %.5f\"%p)\n",
-    "f=p/t\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force in newton= %.3e\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.2 Angular speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular speed in rev/sec= 12.07030\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "theta=1/1440\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "l=8630 #in m\n",
-    "w=(c*theta)/(2*l)\n",
-    "print(\"Angular speed in rev/sec= %.5f\"%w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.3 Calculation of c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Lambda_g in cm= 3.9\n",
-      "Value of c in m/sec= 2.992e+10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "l=15.6 #in cm\n",
-    "n=8\n",
-    "lambda_g=(2*l)/n\n",
-    "print(\"Lambda_g in cm=\",lambda_g)\n",
-    "lamda=3.15  #in cm\n",
-    "f=9.5*10**9 #cycles/sec\n",
-    "c=lamda*f\n",
-    "print(\"Value of c in m/sec= %.3e\"%c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.4 Percentage error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of light in miles/hour= 50000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "v_1=25000 #miles/hr\n",
-    "u=25000   #miles/hr\n",
-    "c=6.7*10**8 #miles/hr\n",
-    "x=1+((v_1*u)/(c)**2)\n",
-    "v=(v_1+u)/x\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of light in miles/hour= %.0f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_KC7XWFB.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_KC7XWFB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 381ec056..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_KC7XWFB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,195 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 38 ELECTROMAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.1 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Max current in amps  0.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V_o=50 #in volts\n",
-    "C=1*10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "L=10*10**-3\n",
-    "i_m=V_o*(math.sqrt(C/L))\n",
-    "print(\"Max current in amps \",i_m)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.2 Angular frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=(10)**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.3 Angular frequency and time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n",
-      "Time in sec= 0.13863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "R=0.1 #in ohm\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)\n",
-    "t=(2*L*math.log(2))/R\n",
-    "print(\"Time in sec= %.5f\"%t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.5 Magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field in weber/m**2= 0.0000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "B=(0.5*m_0*e_0*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field in weber/m**2= %.7f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.6 Calculation of current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.0699004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.7f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_KZMvfEM.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_KZMvfEM.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d990c9f8..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_KZMvfEM.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,227 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 26:CHARGE AND MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.1 Magnitude of total charges in a copper penny"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Magnitude of the charges in coulombs is  133687.50000000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m =3.1 #mass of copper penny in grams\n",
-    "e =4.6*10** -18 #charge in coulombs\n",
-    "N0 =6*10**23 #avogadro’s number atoms / mole\n",
-    "M =64  #molecular weight of copper in gm/ mole\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "N =( N0 * m ) / M  #No. of copper atoms in penny\n",
-    "q = N * e  # magnitude of the charges in coulombs\n",
-    "print (\" Magnitude of the charges in coulomb is \",q )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 26.2 Separation between total positive and negative charges"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is  5813776741.499454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "F =4.5 #Force of attraction in nt\n",
-    "q =1.3*10**5 #total charge in coulomb\n",
-    "r = q * math.sqrt ((9*10**9) / F ) ;\n",
-    "print(\" Separation between total positive and negative charges in meters is \",r )"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.3 Force acting on charge q1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is 2.0999999999999996\n",
-      "Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is -1.5588457268119893\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given three charges q1,q2,q3\n",
-    "q1=-1.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=+3.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q3=-2.0*10**-6 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r12=15*10**-2 #separation between q1 and q2 in m\n",
-    "r13=10*10**-2 # separation between q1 and q3 in m\n",
-    "angle=math.pi/6 #in degrees\n",
-    "F12=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q2/(r12**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F13=(9.0*10**9)*q1*q3/(r13**2) #in nt\n",
-    "F12x=-F12  #ignoring signs of charges\n",
-    "F13x=F13*math.sin(angle);\n",
-    "F1x=F12x+F13x\n",
-    "F12y=0 #from fig.263\n",
-    "F13y=-F13*math.cos(angle);\n",
-    "F1y=F12y+F13y #in nt\n",
-    "print(\"X component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1x)\n",
-    "print(\"Y component of resultant force acting on q1 in nt is\",F1y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.4 Electrical and Gravitational force between two particles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Coulomb force in nt is 8.202207191171238e-08\n",
-      "Gravitational force in nt is 3.689889640441438e-47\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=5.3*10**-11 #distance between electron and proton in the hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "G=6.7*10**-11 #gravitatinal constant in nt-m2/kg2\n",
-    "m1=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "m2=1.7*10**-27 #mass of proton in kg\n",
-    "F1=(9*10**9)*e*e/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "F2=G*m1*m2/(r**2) #gravitational force\n",
-    "print(\"Coulomb force in nt is\",F1)\n",
-    "print(\"Gravitational force in nt is\",F2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 26.5 Repulsive force between two protons in a nucleus of iron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Repulsive coulomb force F  14.4 nt\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=4*10**-15 #separation between proton annd nucleus in iron in meters\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "F=(9*10**9)*(q**2)/(r**2) #coulomb's law\n",
-    "print(\"Repulsive coulomb force F \",F,'nt')"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_LWZh6RX.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_LWZh6RX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index daeeb950..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_LWZh6RX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 43 INTERFERENCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.1 Angular position of first minimum"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sin theta = 0.00273\n",
-      "Angle in degree= 0.15642\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=546*10**-9\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "sin_theta=((m-0.5)*lamda)/(d)\n",
-    "print(\"Sin theta = %.5f\"%sin_theta)\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle in degree= %.5f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.2 Linear distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Linear distance in meter= 0.00109\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "delta=546*10**-9  #in meter\n",
-    "D=20*10**-2     #in meter\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3  #in meter\n",
-    "delta_y=(delta*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"Linear distance in meter= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.4 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 5674.666666666667\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 8500.0\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 3404.8\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 4250.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "d=3200  #in A\n",
-    "n=1.33\n",
-    "for m in range(1,3):\n",
-    "    lambda_max=(2*d*n)/(m+0.5)\n",
-    "    lambda_min=(8500/m)\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_max=\",lambda_max)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_min=\",lambda_min)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.5 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 0\n",
-      "d in A=905.797\n",
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "d in A=2717.391\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "d in A=4528.986\n",
-      "When m= 3\n",
-      "d in A=6340.580\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "lamda=5000 #in A\n",
-    "n=1.38\n",
-    "for m in range(0,4):\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    d=((m+0.5)*lamda)/(2*n)\n",
-    "    print(\"d in A=%.3f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Lz458Y6.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Lz458Y6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0209a02b..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Lz458Y6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,184 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 42 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION SPHERICAL WAVES AND SPHERICAL SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.4 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "x= 0.05\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= 40.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=1\n",
-    "n2=2\n",
-    "o=20 #in cm\n",
-    "r=10 #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=\",x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm=\",i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.5 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -0.03333\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -30\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=2\n",
-    "n2=1\n",
-    "o=15   #in cm\n",
-    "r=-10  #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %d\"%i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.7 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/f in cm= 0.0325\n",
-      "f=1/x\n",
-      "f in cm= 30.76923\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1.65\n",
-    "r_1=40   #in cm\n",
-    "r_2=-40  #in cm\n",
-    "x=(n-1)*((1/r_1)-(1/r_2))\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/f in cm= %.4f\"%x)\n",
-    "print(\"f=1/x\")\n",
-    "f=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"f in cm= %.5f\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.8 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/i in cm= -0.06944\n",
-      "i in cm= -14.4\n",
-      "Lateral magnification =\n",
-      "m= 1.6\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "o=9  #in cm\n",
-    "f=24 #in cm\n",
-    "x=(1/f)-(1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"i in cm= %.1f\"%i)\n",
-    "print(\"Lateral magnification =\")\n",
-    "m=-(i/o)\n",
-    "print('m= %.1f'%m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_MG81yt8.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_MG81yt8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6cc02fdd..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_MG81yt8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 47 LIGHT AND QUANTUM PHYSICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.1 Velocity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in cycles/s 0.71176\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=20 #in nt/m\n",
-    "m=1  #in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=(math.sqrt((k)/(m)))*(1/(2*math.pi))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in cycles/s %.5f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.2 Time calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power in j-sec 1.000000e-23\n",
-      "('Time reqired in sec =', 80000.0)\n",
-      "Time required in hour 22.22224\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "P=(10**(-3))*(3*10**(-18))/(300)\n",
-    "print(\"Power in j-sec %e\"%P)\n",
-    "s=1.6*(10**(-19))\n",
-    "t=(5*s)/P\n",
-    "print(\"Time reqired in sec =\",t)\n",
-    "one_sec=0.000277778 #hr\n",
-    "in_hour=one_sec*t\n",
-    "print(\"Time required in hour %.5f\"%in_hour)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.3 Work function for sodium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 2.911e-19\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "h=6.63*10**(-34) #in joule/sec\n",
-    "v=4.39*10**(14) #cycles/sec\n",
-    "E_o=h*(v)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E_o)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.4 Kinetic energy to be imparten on recoiling electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "h=(6.63)*10**-34\n",
-    "m=9.11*10**-31\n",
-    "c=3*10**8\n",
-    "delta_h=(h/(m*c))*(1-math.cos(90))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Compton shift in meter %.3e\",delta_h)\n",
-    "delta=1*10**-10\n",
-    "k=(h*c*delta_h)/(delta*(delta+delta_h))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Kinetic energy in joules\",k)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_MG8z9eQ.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_MG8z9eQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0209a02b..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_MG8z9eQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,184 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 42 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION SPHERICAL WAVES AND SPHERICAL SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.4 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "x= 0.05\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= 40.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=1\n",
-    "n2=2\n",
-    "o=20 #in cm\n",
-    "r=10 #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=\",x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm=\",i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.5 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -0.03333\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -30\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=2\n",
-    "n2=1\n",
-    "o=15   #in cm\n",
-    "r=-10  #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %d\"%i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.7 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/f in cm= 0.0325\n",
-      "f=1/x\n",
-      "f in cm= 30.76923\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1.65\n",
-    "r_1=40   #in cm\n",
-    "r_2=-40  #in cm\n",
-    "x=(n-1)*((1/r_1)-(1/r_2))\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/f in cm= %.4f\"%x)\n",
-    "print(\"f=1/x\")\n",
-    "f=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"f in cm= %.5f\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.8 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/i in cm= -0.06944\n",
-      "i in cm= -14.4\n",
-      "Lateral magnification =\n",
-      "m= 1.6\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "o=9  #in cm\n",
-    "f=24 #in cm\n",
-    "x=(1/f)-(1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"i in cm= %.1f\"%i)\n",
-    "print(\"Lateral magnification =\")\n",
-    "m=-(i/o)\n",
-    "print('m= %.1f'%m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_OhJEIZW.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_OhJEIZW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4651a1a4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_OhJEIZW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 44 DIFFRACTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.1 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a in A=13000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=6500 #in A\n",
-    "a=(m*lamda)/math.sin(30*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"a in A=%d\"%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.2 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Wavelength in A = 4333.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=6500\n",
-    "lambda_1=lamda/1.5\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A = %.3f\"%lambda_1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.5 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.06990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2  #meters\n",
-    "byd=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*byd)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.5f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.7 Delta Y"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) D in m= 0.00240\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=480*10**-9 #in m\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "D=50*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "a=0.02*10**-3\n",
-    "delta_y=(lamda*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"(A) D in m= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Oxr9B3A.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Oxr9B3A.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0209a02b..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Oxr9B3A.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,184 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 42 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION SPHERICAL WAVES AND SPHERICAL SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.4 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "x= 0.05\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= 40.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=1\n",
-    "n2=2\n",
-    "o=20 #in cm\n",
-    "r=10 #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=\",x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm=\",i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.5 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -0.03333\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -30\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=2\n",
-    "n2=1\n",
-    "o=15   #in cm\n",
-    "r=-10  #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %d\"%i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.7 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/f in cm= 0.0325\n",
-      "f=1/x\n",
-      "f in cm= 30.76923\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1.65\n",
-    "r_1=40   #in cm\n",
-    "r_2=-40  #in cm\n",
-    "x=(n-1)*((1/r_1)-(1/r_2))\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/f in cm= %.4f\"%x)\n",
-    "print(\"f=1/x\")\n",
-    "f=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"f in cm= %.5f\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.8 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/i in cm= -0.06944\n",
-      "i in cm= -14.4\n",
-      "Lateral magnification =\n",
-      "m= 1.6\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "o=9  #in cm\n",
-    "f=24 #in cm\n",
-    "x=(1/f)-(1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"i in cm= %.1f\"%i)\n",
-    "print(\"Lateral magnification =\")\n",
-    "m=-(i/o)\n",
-    "print('m= %.1f'%m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_P2e5pSM.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_P2e5pSM.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 381ec056..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_P2e5pSM.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,195 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 38 ELECTROMAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.1 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Max current in amps  0.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V_o=50 #in volts\n",
-    "C=1*10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "L=10*10**-3\n",
-    "i_m=V_o*(math.sqrt(C/L))\n",
-    "print(\"Max current in amps \",i_m)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.2 Angular frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=(10)**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.3 Angular frequency and time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n",
-      "Time in sec= 0.13863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "R=0.1 #in ohm\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)\n",
-    "t=(2*L*math.log(2))/R\n",
-    "print(\"Time in sec= %.5f\"%t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.5 Magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field in weber/m**2= 0.0000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "B=(0.5*m_0*e_0*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field in weber/m**2= %.7f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.6 Calculation of current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.0699004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.7f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Pk7b9LC.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Pk7b9LC.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0209a02b..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Pk7b9LC.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,184 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 42 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION SPHERICAL WAVES AND SPHERICAL SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.4 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "x= 0.05\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= 40.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=1\n",
-    "n2=2\n",
-    "o=20 #in cm\n",
-    "r=10 #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=\",x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm=\",i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.5 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -0.03333\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -30\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=2\n",
-    "n2=1\n",
-    "o=15   #in cm\n",
-    "r=-10  #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %d\"%i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.7 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/f in cm= 0.0325\n",
-      "f=1/x\n",
-      "f in cm= 30.76923\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1.65\n",
-    "r_1=40   #in cm\n",
-    "r_2=-40  #in cm\n",
-    "x=(n-1)*((1/r_1)-(1/r_2))\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/f in cm= %.4f\"%x)\n",
-    "print(\"f=1/x\")\n",
-    "f=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"f in cm= %.5f\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.8 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/i in cm= -0.06944\n",
-      "i in cm= -14.4\n",
-      "Lateral magnification =\n",
-      "m= 1.6\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "o=9  #in cm\n",
-    "f=24 #in cm\n",
-    "x=(1/f)-(1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"i in cm= %.1f\"%i)\n",
-    "print(\"Lateral magnification =\")\n",
-    "m=-(i/o)\n",
-    "print('m= %.1f'%m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_PsTln1E.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_PsTln1E.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 486ad42a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_PsTln1E.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 39 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 39.6 Magnitude of electric and magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of E in volts/meter= 244.94897\n",
-      "B in weber/meter^2= 0.00000082\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=1  #in m\n",
-    "p=10**3 \n",
-    "m=4*math.pi*10**-7 #weber/amp-m\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #speed of light\n",
-    "x=2*math.pi\n",
-    "E_m=(1/r)*(math.sqrt((p*m*c)/x))\n",
-    "print(\"The value of E in volts/meter= %.5f\"%E_m)\n",
-    "B=E_m/c\n",
-    "print(\"B in weber/meter^2= %.8f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_PvDqzDQ.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_PvDqzDQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5d6ec9b4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_PvDqzDQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,177 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 43 INTERFERENCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.1 Angular position of first minimum"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sin theta = 0.00273\n",
-      "Angle in degree= 0.15642\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=546*10**-9\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "sin_theta=((m-0.5)*lamda)/(d)\n",
-    "print(\"Sin theta = %.5f\"%sin_theta)\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle in degree= %.5f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.2 Linear distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Linear distance in meter= 0.00109\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "delta=546*10**-9  #in meter\n",
-    "D=20*10**-2     #in meter\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3  #in meter\n",
-    "delta_y=(delta*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"Linear distance in meter= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.4 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 5674.666666666667\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 8500.0\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 3404.8\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 4250.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=3200  #in A\n",
-    "n=1.33\n",
-    "for m in range(1,3):\n",
-    "    lambda_max=(2*d*n)/(m+0.5)\n",
-    "    lambda_min=(8500/m)\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_max=\",lambda_max)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_min=\",lambda_min)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.5 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 0\n",
-      "d in A=905.797\n",
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "d in A=2717.391\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "d in A=4528.986\n",
-      "When m= 3\n",
-      "d in A=6340.580\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5000 #in A\n",
-    "n=1.38\n",
-    "for m in range(0,4):\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    d=((m+0.5)*lamda)/(2*n)\n",
-    "    print(\"d in A=%.3f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Pwqzb8a.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Pwqzb8a.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 047fa477..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Pwqzb8a.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 33 THE MAGNETIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.1 Force acting on a proton"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of the proton in meters/sec is 30678599.55\n",
-      "Force acting on proton in nt is 7.363e-12\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "K=5*10**6 #ev\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "K1=K*e #in joules\n",
-    "m=1.7*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "B=1.5 #wb/m\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(2*K1/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of the proton in meters/sec is %.2f\"%v)\n",
-    "F=e*v*B*math.sin(theta)\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on proton in nt is %.3e\"%F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.3 Torsional constant of the spring"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is 3.333e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "N=250 #turns in coil\n",
-    "i=1.0*10**-4 #in amp\n",
-    "B=0.2 #wb/m2\n",
-    "h=2*10**-2  #coil height in m\n",
-    "w=1.0*10**-2 #width of coil in m\n",
-    "Q=30 #angular deflectin in degrees\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "A=h*w\n",
-    "k=N*i*A*B*math.sin(theta)/Q\n",
-    "print(\"Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is %.3e\"%k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.4 Work done"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is  0.23561944901923454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "N=100 #turns in circular coil\n",
-    "i=0.10 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #radius of coil in meter\n",
-    "u=N*i*math.pi*(a**2) #u is dipole moment\n",
-    "U1=(-u*B*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "U2=-u*B*math.cos(math.pi)\n",
-    "W=U2-U1\n",
-    "print(\"Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is \",W)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.5 Hall potential difference"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is 2.232142857142857e-05 or 0.0000223\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "i=200 #current in the strip in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "h=1.0*10**-3 #thickness of copper strip in metre\n",
-    "w=2*10**-2 #width of copper strip in meter\n",
-    "Vxy=i*B/(n*e*h)\n",
-    "print(\"Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is\",Vxy,\"or\",\"%.7f\"%Vxy)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.6 Orbital radius Cyclotron frequency and Period of revolution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Orbit radius in meter is 0.1080625\n",
-      "(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is 2798328.7\n",
-      "(C)  Period of revolution in sec is 0.0000004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 # in kg\n",
-    "v=1.9*10**6 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "B=1.0*10**-4 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "r=m*v/(q*B)\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Orbit radius in meter is %.7f\"%r)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "f=q*B/(2*math.pi*m)\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is %.1f\"%f)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "T=1/f\n",
-    "print(\"(C)  Period of revolution in sec is %.7f\"%T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.7 Magnetic induction and Deuteron energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is 1.5550883635269475\n",
-      "(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is 2.669e-12\n",
-      " Deuteron energy in ev is 16679852\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "f0=12*10**6 #cyclotron frequency in cycles/sec\n",
-    "r=21#dee radius in inches\n",
-    "R=r*0.0254 #dee radius in meter\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "m=3.3*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=2*math.pi*f0*m/q\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is\",B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "K=((q**2*B**2*R**2)/(2*m))\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is %.3e\"%K)\n",
-    "K1=K*(1/(1.6*10**-19))\n",
-    "print(\" Deuteron energy in ev is %d\"%K1)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Q7PpTqw.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Q7PpTqw.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 486ad42a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Q7PpTqw.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 39 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 39.6 Magnitude of electric and magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of E in volts/meter= 244.94897\n",
-      "B in weber/meter^2= 0.00000082\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=1  #in m\n",
-    "p=10**3 \n",
-    "m=4*math.pi*10**-7 #weber/amp-m\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #speed of light\n",
-    "x=2*math.pi\n",
-    "E_m=(1/r)*(math.sqrt((p*m*c)/x))\n",
-    "print(\"The value of E in volts/meter= %.5f\"%E_m)\n",
-    "B=E_m/c\n",
-    "print(\"B in weber/meter^2= %.8f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_QQNAaYJ.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_QQNAaYJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9112a366..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_QQNAaYJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 47 LIGHT AND QUANTUM PHYSICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.1 Velocity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in cycles/s 0.71176\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=20 #in nt/m\n",
-    "m=1  #in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=(math.sqrt((k)/(m)))*(1/(2*math.pi))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in cycles/s %.5f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.2 Time calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power in j-sec 1.000000e-23\n",
-      "('Time reqired in sec =', 80000.0)\n",
-      "Time required in hour 22.22224\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "P=(10**(-3))*(3*10**(-18))/(300)\n",
-    "print(\"Power in j-sec %e\"%P)\n",
-    "s=1.6*(10**(-19))\n",
-    "t=(5*s)/P\n",
-    "print(\"Time reqired in sec =\",t)\n",
-    "one_sec=0.000277778 #hr\n",
-    "in_hour=one_sec*t\n",
-    "print(\"Time required in hour %.5f\"%in_hour)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.3 Work function for sodium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 2.911e-19\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "h=6.63*10**(-34) #in joule/sec\n",
-    "v=4.39*10**(14) #cycles/sec\n",
-    "E_o=h*(v)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E_o)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.4 Kinetic energy to be imparten on recoiling electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('(A) Compton shift in meter %.3e', 3.512889892036735e-12)\n",
-      "('(B) Kinetic energy in joules', 6.750017319146053e-17)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "h=(6.63)*10**-34\n",
-    "m=9.11*10**-31\n",
-    "c=3*10**8\n",
-    "delta_h=(h/(m*c))*(1-math.cos(90))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Compton shift in meter %.3e\",delta_h)\n",
-    "delta=1*10**-10\n",
-    "k=(h*c*delta_h)/(delta*(delta+delta_h))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Kinetic energy in joules\",k)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_R4I62FG.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_R4I62FG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2da66d96..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_R4I62FG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 34 AMPERES LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.3 Distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation between two wires in metres 0.0054795\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "i1=100 #in amp\n",
-    "i2=20 #in amp\n",
-    "W=0.073 #weight of second wire W=F/l in nt/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "d=u0*i1*i2/(2*math.pi*W)\n",
-    "print(\"Separation between two wires in metres %.7f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.5 Magnetic field and Magnetic flux"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0267035\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000189\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "d=3*10**-2 #diameter of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=5*850 #number of layers and turns of wire\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i0=5.0 #current in amp\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i0*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.9 Magnetic field and Magnetic dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 13.404\n",
-      "(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is 8.890e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "R=5.1*10**-11 #radius of th enucleus in meter\n",
-    "f=6.8*10**15 #frequency with which elecron circulates in rev/sec\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "x=0 #x is any point on the orbit, since at center x=0\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "i=e*f\n",
-    "B=u0*i*R**2*0.5/((R**2+x**2)**(3/2))\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 %.3f\"%B)\n",
-    "N=1 #no.of turns\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2\n",
-    "U=N*i*A\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_RzQ3h7U.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_RzQ3h7U.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2ac73b23..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_RzQ3h7U.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 28 GAUSS'S LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.3 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 1.138e+13\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=1*10**-10 #radius of the atom in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.4 Electric field strength at the nuclear surface"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 2.389e+21\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=6.9*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SBjZLMJ.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SBjZLMJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a0180572..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SBjZLMJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 41 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION OF PLANE WAVES AND PLANE SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.1 Angle between two refracted beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.88234\n",
-      "For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.99290\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4702\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4624\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.4 Index of glass"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Index reflection= 1.41421\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1/math.sin(45*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"Index reflection= %.5f\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.5 Calculation of Angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle theta_c in degree= 62.45732\n",
-      "Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\n",
-      "Angle of refraction:\n",
-      "Theta_2 in degree= 52.89097\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n2=1.33\n",
-    "n1=1.50\n",
-    "theta_c=math.degrees(math.asin(n2/n1))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle theta_c in degree= %.5f\"%theta_c)\n",
-    "print(\"Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\")\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction:\")\n",
-    "x=n1/n2\n",
-    "theta_2=(math.asin(x*math.sin(45*math.pi/180))*180/math.pi)\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta_2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SJwMqQP.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SJwMqQP.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6cc02fdd..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SJwMqQP.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 47 LIGHT AND QUANTUM PHYSICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.1 Velocity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in cycles/s 0.71176\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=20 #in nt/m\n",
-    "m=1  #in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=(math.sqrt((k)/(m)))*(1/(2*math.pi))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in cycles/s %.5f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.2 Time calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power in j-sec 1.000000e-23\n",
-      "('Time reqired in sec =', 80000.0)\n",
-      "Time required in hour 22.22224\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "P=(10**(-3))*(3*10**(-18))/(300)\n",
-    "print(\"Power in j-sec %e\"%P)\n",
-    "s=1.6*(10**(-19))\n",
-    "t=(5*s)/P\n",
-    "print(\"Time reqired in sec =\",t)\n",
-    "one_sec=0.000277778 #hr\n",
-    "in_hour=one_sec*t\n",
-    "print(\"Time required in hour %.5f\"%in_hour)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.3 Work function for sodium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 2.911e-19\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "h=6.63*10**(-34) #in joule/sec\n",
-    "v=4.39*10**(14) #cycles/sec\n",
-    "E_o=h*(v)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E_o)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.4 Kinetic energy to be imparten on recoiling electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "h=(6.63)*10**-34\n",
-    "m=9.11*10**-31\n",
-    "c=3*10**8\n",
-    "delta_h=(h/(m*c))*(1-math.cos(90))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Compton shift in meter %.3e\",delta_h)\n",
-    "delta=1*10**-10\n",
-    "k=(h*c*delta_h)/(delta*(delta+delta_h))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Kinetic energy in joules\",k)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SY19qB5.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SY19qB5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 047fa477..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SY19qB5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 33 THE MAGNETIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.1 Force acting on a proton"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of the proton in meters/sec is 30678599.55\n",
-      "Force acting on proton in nt is 7.363e-12\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "K=5*10**6 #ev\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "K1=K*e #in joules\n",
-    "m=1.7*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "B=1.5 #wb/m\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(2*K1/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of the proton in meters/sec is %.2f\"%v)\n",
-    "F=e*v*B*math.sin(theta)\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on proton in nt is %.3e\"%F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.3 Torsional constant of the spring"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is 3.333e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "N=250 #turns in coil\n",
-    "i=1.0*10**-4 #in amp\n",
-    "B=0.2 #wb/m2\n",
-    "h=2*10**-2  #coil height in m\n",
-    "w=1.0*10**-2 #width of coil in m\n",
-    "Q=30 #angular deflectin in degrees\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "A=h*w\n",
-    "k=N*i*A*B*math.sin(theta)/Q\n",
-    "print(\"Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is %.3e\"%k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.4 Work done"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is  0.23561944901923454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "N=100 #turns in circular coil\n",
-    "i=0.10 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #radius of coil in meter\n",
-    "u=N*i*math.pi*(a**2) #u is dipole moment\n",
-    "U1=(-u*B*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "U2=-u*B*math.cos(math.pi)\n",
-    "W=U2-U1\n",
-    "print(\"Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is \",W)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.5 Hall potential difference"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is 2.232142857142857e-05 or 0.0000223\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "i=200 #current in the strip in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "h=1.0*10**-3 #thickness of copper strip in metre\n",
-    "w=2*10**-2 #width of copper strip in meter\n",
-    "Vxy=i*B/(n*e*h)\n",
-    "print(\"Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is\",Vxy,\"or\",\"%.7f\"%Vxy)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.6 Orbital radius Cyclotron frequency and Period of revolution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Orbit radius in meter is 0.1080625\n",
-      "(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is 2798328.7\n",
-      "(C)  Period of revolution in sec is 0.0000004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 # in kg\n",
-    "v=1.9*10**6 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "B=1.0*10**-4 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "r=m*v/(q*B)\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Orbit radius in meter is %.7f\"%r)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "f=q*B/(2*math.pi*m)\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is %.1f\"%f)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "T=1/f\n",
-    "print(\"(C)  Period of revolution in sec is %.7f\"%T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.7 Magnetic induction and Deuteron energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is 1.5550883635269475\n",
-      "(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is 2.669e-12\n",
-      " Deuteron energy in ev is 16679852\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "f0=12*10**6 #cyclotron frequency in cycles/sec\n",
-    "r=21#dee radius in inches\n",
-    "R=r*0.0254 #dee radius in meter\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "m=3.3*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=2*math.pi*f0*m/q\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is\",B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "K=((q**2*B**2*R**2)/(2*m))\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is %.3e\"%K)\n",
-    "K1=K*(1/(1.6*10**-19))\n",
-    "print(\" Deuteron energy in ev is %d\"%K1)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SwvijzF.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SwvijzF.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5d6ec9b4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_SwvijzF.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,177 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 43 INTERFERENCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.1 Angular position of first minimum"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sin theta = 0.00273\n",
-      "Angle in degree= 0.15642\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=546*10**-9\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "sin_theta=((m-0.5)*lamda)/(d)\n",
-    "print(\"Sin theta = %.5f\"%sin_theta)\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle in degree= %.5f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.2 Linear distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Linear distance in meter= 0.00109\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "delta=546*10**-9  #in meter\n",
-    "D=20*10**-2     #in meter\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3  #in meter\n",
-    "delta_y=(delta*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"Linear distance in meter= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.4 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 5674.666666666667\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 8500.0\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 3404.8\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 4250.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=3200  #in A\n",
-    "n=1.33\n",
-    "for m in range(1,3):\n",
-    "    lambda_max=(2*d*n)/(m+0.5)\n",
-    "    lambda_min=(8500/m)\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_max=\",lambda_max)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_min=\",lambda_min)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.5 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 0\n",
-      "d in A=905.797\n",
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "d in A=2717.391\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "d in A=4528.986\n",
-      "When m= 3\n",
-      "d in A=6340.580\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5000 #in A\n",
-    "n=1.38\n",
-    "for m in range(0,4):\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    d=((m+0.5)*lamda)/(2*n)\n",
-    "    print(\"d in A=%.3f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_TF6X2fm.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_TF6X2fm.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b7da278..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_TF6X2fm.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,183 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 27 THE ELECTRIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.1 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\n",
-      "electric field strength in nt/coul is 5.574e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "g=9.8 #acceleration due to gravity in m/s\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge of electron in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\")\n",
-    "E=m*g/q\n",
-    "print(\"electric field strength in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.4 The point on the line joining two charges for the electric field strength to be zero"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\n",
-      "E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\n",
-      "Electric field strength is zero at x=4.142 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=2.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "l=10 #sepearation b/w q1 and q2 in cm\n",
-    "print(\"For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\")\n",
-    "#\"Refer to the fig 27.9\"\n",
-    "#E1=electric fied strength due to q1\n",
-    "#E2=electric fied strength due to q2\n",
-    "print(\"E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\")\n",
-    "x=l/(1+math.sqrt(q2/q1))\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength is zero at x=%.3f cm\"%x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.9 Deflection of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding deflection in meters is 0.000337\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "E=1.2*10**4 #electric field in nt/coul\n",
-    "x=1.5*10**-2 #length of deflecting assembly in m\n",
-    "K0=3.2*10**-16 #kinetic energy of electron in joule\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "y=e*E*x**2/(4*K0)\n",
-    "print(\"Corresponding deflection in meters is %.6f\"%y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.11 Torque and work done by external agent on electric dipole"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\n",
-      "0.002\n",
-      "(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \n",
-      "0.004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-6 #magnitude of two opposite charges of a electric dipole in coul\n",
-    "d=2.0*10**-2 #seperation b/w charges in m\n",
-    "E=1.0*10**5 #external field in nt/coul\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#(a)Max torque if found when theta=90 degrees\n",
-    "#Torque =pEsin(theta)\n",
-    "p=q*d #electric dipole moment\n",
-    "T=p*E*math.sin(math.pi/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\")\n",
-    "print(T)\n",
-    "#(b)work done by the external agent is the potential energy b/w the positions theta=180 and 0 degree\n",
-    "W=(-p*E*math.cos(math.pi))-(-p*E*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \")\n",
-    "print(W)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_UM4ptLd.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_UM4ptLd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 381ec056..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_UM4ptLd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,195 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 38 ELECTROMAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.1 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Max current in amps  0.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V_o=50 #in volts\n",
-    "C=1*10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "L=10*10**-3\n",
-    "i_m=V_o*(math.sqrt(C/L))\n",
-    "print(\"Max current in amps \",i_m)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.2 Angular frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=(10)**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.3 Angular frequency and time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n",
-      "Time in sec= 0.13863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "R=0.1 #in ohm\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)\n",
-    "t=(2*L*math.log(2))/R\n",
-    "print(\"Time in sec= %.5f\"%t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.5 Magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field in weber/m**2= 0.0000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "B=(0.5*m_0*e_0*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field in weber/m**2= %.7f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.6 Calculation of current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.0699004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.7f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_UPQ0l86.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_UPQ0l86.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 8d7ad786..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_UPQ0l86.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 30 CAPACITORS AND DIELECTRICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.1 Plate area"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Plate area in square meter is 1.130e+08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "C=1.0 #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "d=1.0*10**-3 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=d*C/epsilon0\n",
-    "print(\"Plate area in square meter is %.3e\"%A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.5 To calculate Capacitance Free charge Electric field strength Potential diffrence between plates"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is 8.850e-12\n",
-      "(b)Free charge in coul is 8.850e-10\n",
-      "(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is 10000\n",
-      "(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is 1428.5714\n",
-      "(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is 57.1429\n",
-      "(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is 1.549e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "b=5*10**-3 #thickness of dielectric lab in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "C0=epsilon0*A/d\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is %.3e\"%C0)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "q=C0*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Free charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "E0=q/(epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is %d\"%E0)\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "E=q/(k*epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is %.4f\"%E)\n",
-    "#(e)\n",
-    "#Refer to fig30-12\n",
-    "V=E0*(d-b)+E*b\n",
-    "print(\"(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is %.4f\"%V)\n",
-    "#(f)\n",
-    "C=q/V\n",
-    "print(\"(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is %.3e\"%C)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.6 To calculate Electric displacement and Electric polarisation in dielectric and air gap"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is 8.859e-08\n",
-      "Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is 7.593e-08\n",
-      "(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is 8.850e-08\n",
-      "('Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is', 0.0)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "E0=1*10**4 #Electric field in the air gap in volts/meter\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "k0=1\n",
-    "E=1.43*10**3 #in volts/metre\n",
-    "D=k*E*epsilon0\n",
-    "P=epsilon0*(k-1)*E\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is %.3e\"%P)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "D0=k0*epsilon0*E0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D0)\n",
-    "P0=epsilon0*(k0-1)*E0\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is\",P0)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_UUIzKI9.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_UUIzKI9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 21e23dc9..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_UUIzKI9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 30 CAPACITORS AND DIELECTRICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.1 Plate area"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Plate area in square meter is 1.130e+08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "C=1.0 #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "d=1.0*10**-3 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=d*C/epsilon0\n",
-    "print(\"Plate area in square meter is %.3e\"%A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.5 To calculate Capacitance Free charge Electric field strength Potential diffrence between plates"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is 8.850e-12\n",
-      "(b)Free charge in coul is 8.850e-10\n",
-      "(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is 10000\n",
-      "(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is 1428.5714\n",
-      "(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is 57.1429\n",
-      "(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is 1.549e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "b=5*10**-3 #thickness of dielectric lab in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "C0=epsilon0*A/d\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is %.3e\"%C0)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "q=C0*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Free charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "E0=q/(epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is %d\"%E0)\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "E=q/(k*epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is %.4f\"%E)\n",
-    "#(e)\n",
-    "#Refer to fig30-12\n",
-    "V=E0*(d-b)+E*b\n",
-    "print(\"(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is %.4f\"%V)\n",
-    "#(f)\n",
-    "C=q/V\n",
-    "print(\"(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is %.3e\"%C)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.6 To calculate Electric displacement and Electric polarisation in dielectric and air gap"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is 8.859e-08\n",
-      "Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is 7.593e-08\n",
-      "(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is 8.850e-08\n",
-      "Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "E0=1*10**4 #Electric field in the air gap in volts/meter\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "k0=1\n",
-    "E=1.43*10**3 #in volts/metre\n",
-    "D=k*E*epsilon0\n",
-    "P=epsilon0*(k-1)*E\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is %.3e\"%P)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "D0=k0*epsilon0*E0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D0)\n",
-    "P0=epsilon0*(k0-1)*E0\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is\",P0)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_VJUnpiC.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_VJUnpiC.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a0180572..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_VJUnpiC.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 41 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION OF PLANE WAVES AND PLANE SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.1 Angle between two refracted beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.88234\n",
-      "For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.99290\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4702\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4624\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.4 Index of glass"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Index reflection= 1.41421\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1/math.sin(45*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"Index reflection= %.5f\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.5 Calculation of Angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle theta_c in degree= 62.45732\n",
-      "Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\n",
-      "Angle of refraction:\n",
-      "Theta_2 in degree= 52.89097\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n2=1.33\n",
-    "n1=1.50\n",
-    "theta_c=math.degrees(math.asin(n2/n1))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle theta_c in degree= %.5f\"%theta_c)\n",
-    "print(\"Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\")\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction:\")\n",
-    "x=n1/n2\n",
-    "theta_2=(math.asin(x*math.sin(45*math.pi/180))*180/math.pi)\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta_2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_VRyICL4.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_VRyICL4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 381ec056..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_VRyICL4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,195 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 38 ELECTROMAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.1 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Max current in amps  0.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V_o=50 #in volts\n",
-    "C=1*10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "L=10*10**-3\n",
-    "i_m=V_o*(math.sqrt(C/L))\n",
-    "print(\"Max current in amps \",i_m)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.2 Angular frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=(10)**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.3 Angular frequency and time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n",
-      "Time in sec= 0.13863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "R=0.1 #in ohm\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)\n",
-    "t=(2*L*math.log(2))/R\n",
-    "print(\"Time in sec= %.5f\"%t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.5 Magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field in weber/m**2= 0.0000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "B=(0.5*m_0*e_0*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field in weber/m**2= %.7f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.6 Calculation of current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.0699004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.7f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_VtilP9P.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_VtilP9P.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b7da278..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_VtilP9P.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,183 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 27 THE ELECTRIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.1 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\n",
-      "electric field strength in nt/coul is 5.574e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "g=9.8 #acceleration due to gravity in m/s\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge of electron in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\")\n",
-    "E=m*g/q\n",
-    "print(\"electric field strength in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.4 The point on the line joining two charges for the electric field strength to be zero"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\n",
-      "E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\n",
-      "Electric field strength is zero at x=4.142 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=2.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "l=10 #sepearation b/w q1 and q2 in cm\n",
-    "print(\"For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\")\n",
-    "#\"Refer to the fig 27.9\"\n",
-    "#E1=electric fied strength due to q1\n",
-    "#E2=electric fied strength due to q2\n",
-    "print(\"E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\")\n",
-    "x=l/(1+math.sqrt(q2/q1))\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength is zero at x=%.3f cm\"%x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.9 Deflection of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding deflection in meters is 0.000337\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "E=1.2*10**4 #electric field in nt/coul\n",
-    "x=1.5*10**-2 #length of deflecting assembly in m\n",
-    "K0=3.2*10**-16 #kinetic energy of electron in joule\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "y=e*E*x**2/(4*K0)\n",
-    "print(\"Corresponding deflection in meters is %.6f\"%y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.11 Torque and work done by external agent on electric dipole"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\n",
-      "0.002\n",
-      "(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \n",
-      "0.004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-6 #magnitude of two opposite charges of a electric dipole in coul\n",
-    "d=2.0*10**-2 #seperation b/w charges in m\n",
-    "E=1.0*10**5 #external field in nt/coul\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#(a)Max torque if found when theta=90 degrees\n",
-    "#Torque =pEsin(theta)\n",
-    "p=q*d #electric dipole moment\n",
-    "T=p*E*math.sin(math.pi/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\")\n",
-    "print(T)\n",
-    "#(b)work done by the external agent is the potential energy b/w the positions theta=180 and 0 degree\n",
-    "W=(-p*E*math.cos(math.pi))-(-p*E*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \")\n",
-    "print(W)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_X9h3IeS.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_X9h3IeS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 34883c4a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_X9h3IeS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 35 FARADAYS LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.1 Induced EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0376991\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000118\n",
-      "Induced EMF in volts is -0.0473741\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "r=3*10**-2 #radius of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=200*10**2 #number of turns in solenoid per meter\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i=1.5 #current in amp\n",
-    "N=100 #no.of turns in a close packed coil placed at the center of solenoid\n",
-    "d=2*10**-2 #diameter of coil in meter\n",
-    "delta_T=0.050 #in sec\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)\n",
-    "delta_Q=Q-(-Q)\n",
-    "E=-(N*delta_Q/delta_T)\n",
-    "print(\"Induced EMF in volts is %.7f\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.7 Induced electric field and EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\n",
-      "(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z 2.0\n",
-      "(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is 0.2\n",
-      "Induced emf in volt observed by Z is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "B=2 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "l=10*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "v=1.0 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\")\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "E=v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z\",E)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "F=q*v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is %.1e\"%F)\n",
-    "F1=q*E\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is %.1e\"%F1)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "emf1=B*l*v\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is\",emf1)\n",
-    "emf2=E*l\n",
-    "print(\"Induced emf in volt observed by Z is\",emf2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_XhB36rB.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_XhB36rB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 904b1c32..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_XhB36rB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 31 CURRENT AND RESISTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.1 Current density"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches 1273.240\n",
-      "Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches 3108.495\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=0.10 #diameter of aluminium wire in inches\n",
-    "d2=0.064 #diameter of copper wire in inches\n",
-    "i=10 #current carried by composite wire in amperes\n",
-    "A1=math.pi*(d1/2)**2 #crosssectional area of aluminium wire in square inches\n",
-    "A2=math.pi*(d2/2)**2 #crosssectional area of copper wire in square inches\n",
-    "j1=i/A1\n",
-    "j2=i/A2\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j1)\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.2 Drift speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole 8.438e+22\n",
-      "Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is 0.03556\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "j=480 #current density for copper wire in amp/cm2\n",
-    "N0=6*10**23 #avagadro number in atoms/mole\n",
-    "M=64 #molecular wt in gm/mole\n",
-    "d=9.0 #density in gm/cm3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #elecron charge in coul\n",
-    "n=d*N0/M \n",
-    "print(\"No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole %.3e\"%n)\n",
-    "Vd=j/(n*e)\n",
-    "print(\"Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is %.5f\"%Vd)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.3 Resistance and resistivity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is 0.175\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is 7.0e-05\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\")\n",
-    "l=1.0*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "b=1.0*10**-2#in meter\n",
-    "h=50*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "p=3.5*10**-5 #resisivity of carbon in ohm-m\n",
-    "#(a)Resistance b/w two square ends\n",
-    "l1=h\n",
-    "A1=b*l\n",
-    "R1=p*l1/A1\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is %.3f\"%R1)\n",
-    "l2=l\n",
-    "A2=b*h\n",
-    "R2=p*l2/A2\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is %.1e\"%R2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.4 Mean time and Mean free path"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is 4.979e-14\n",
-      "(b) Mean free path in cm is 0.000008\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #in kg\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-1\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "p=1.7*10**-8 #in ohm-m\n",
-    "v=1.6*10**8 #in cm/sec\n",
-    "T=2*m/(n*p*e**2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is %.3e\"%T)\n",
-    "Lambda=T*v\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Mean free path in cm is %f\"%Lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.5 Power"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Power for the single coil in watts is 504.167\n",
-      "(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is 1008.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=110 #in volt\n",
-    "R=24 #ohms\n",
-    "P1=V**2/R\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Power for the single coil in watts is %.3f\"%P1)\n",
-    "P2=V**2/(R/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is %.3f\"%P2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_XvRiQzf.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_XvRiQzf.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d197d07e..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_XvRiQzf.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.3 Magnitude of an isolated positive point charge"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\n",
-      "Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is 1.112e-09\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V=100 #electric potential in volts\n",
-    "r=10*10**-2 #in meters\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\")\n",
-    "q=V*4*math.pi*epsilon0*r\n",
-    "print(\"Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.4 Electric potential at the surface of a gold nucleus"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is 17220668\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=6.6*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "V=q/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is %d\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.5 Potential at the center of the square"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential at the center of the square in volts is 508.65\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=-2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q3=3.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q4=2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "a=1 #side of square in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "#refer to the fig 29.7\n",
-    "r=a/math.sqrt(2) #distance of charges from centre in meter\n",
-    "V=(q1+q2+q3+q4)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Potential at the center of the square in volts is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.8 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is 3.837e-14\n",
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is 239781.46\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r=6.0*10**-15 #seperation b/w two protons in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "U=(q1*q2)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is %.3e\"%U)\n",
-    "V=U/q1\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.9 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \n",
-      "Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is -0.008991804694457362\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-7 #charge in coul\n",
-    "a=10*10**-2 #side of triangle in meter\n",
-    "q1=q\n",
-    "q2=-4*q\n",
-    "q3=2*q\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \")\n",
-    "U=(1/(4*math.pi*epsilon0))*(((q1*q2)/a)+((q1*q3)/a)+((q2*q3)/a))\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is\",U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_XzIRgL4.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_XzIRgL4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d197d07e..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_XzIRgL4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.3 Magnitude of an isolated positive point charge"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\n",
-      "Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is 1.112e-09\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V=100 #electric potential in volts\n",
-    "r=10*10**-2 #in meters\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\")\n",
-    "q=V*4*math.pi*epsilon0*r\n",
-    "print(\"Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.4 Electric potential at the surface of a gold nucleus"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is 17220668\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=6.6*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "V=q/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is %d\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.5 Potential at the center of the square"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential at the center of the square in volts is 508.65\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=-2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q3=3.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q4=2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "a=1 #side of square in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "#refer to the fig 29.7\n",
-    "r=a/math.sqrt(2) #distance of charges from centre in meter\n",
-    "V=(q1+q2+q3+q4)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Potential at the center of the square in volts is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.8 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is 3.837e-14\n",
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is 239781.46\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r=6.0*10**-15 #seperation b/w two protons in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "U=(q1*q2)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is %.3e\"%U)\n",
-    "V=U/q1\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.9 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \n",
-      "Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is -0.008991804694457362\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-7 #charge in coul\n",
-    "a=10*10**-2 #side of triangle in meter\n",
-    "q1=q\n",
-    "q2=-4*q\n",
-    "q3=2*q\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \")\n",
-    "U=(1/(4*math.pi*epsilon0))*(((q1*q2)/a)+((q1*q3)/a)+((q2*q3)/a))\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is\",U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Y9CwzJf.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Y9CwzJf.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 486ad42a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Y9CwzJf.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 39 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 39.6 Magnitude of electric and magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of E in volts/meter= 244.94897\n",
-      "B in weber/meter^2= 0.00000082\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=1  #in m\n",
-    "p=10**3 \n",
-    "m=4*math.pi*10**-7 #weber/amp-m\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #speed of light\n",
-    "x=2*math.pi\n",
-    "E_m=(1/r)*(math.sqrt((p*m*c)/x))\n",
-    "print(\"The value of E in volts/meter= %.5f\"%E_m)\n",
-    "B=E_m/c\n",
-    "print(\"B in weber/meter^2= %.8f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Z1uuTRh.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Z1uuTRh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cd850cd0..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Z1uuTRh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 46 POLARIZATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.1 Calculation of theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polarization angle theta= 135.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.acos(1/math.sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "theta=180-theta\n",
-    "print(\"Polarization angle theta=\",theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.2 Angle of refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Theta_p in degrees=56.30993\n",
-      "Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=33.69007\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_p= math.degrees(math.atan(1.5))\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_p in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_p)\n",
-    "sin_theta_r= (math.sin(theta_p*math.pi/180))/1.5\n",
-    "theta_r=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta_r))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_r)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.3 Thickness of slab"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Value of x in m= 163611.111111113\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "n_e=1.553\n",
-    "n_o=1.544\n",
-    "s=(n_e)-(n_o)\n",
-    "x=(lamda)/(4*s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"The Value of x in m=\",x)\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Z54k8Ai.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Z54k8Ai.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5d6ec9b4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Z54k8Ai.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,177 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 43 INTERFERENCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.1 Angular position of first minimum"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sin theta = 0.00273\n",
-      "Angle in degree= 0.15642\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=546*10**-9\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "sin_theta=((m-0.5)*lamda)/(d)\n",
-    "print(\"Sin theta = %.5f\"%sin_theta)\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle in degree= %.5f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.2 Linear distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Linear distance in meter= 0.00109\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "delta=546*10**-9  #in meter\n",
-    "D=20*10**-2     #in meter\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3  #in meter\n",
-    "delta_y=(delta*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"Linear distance in meter= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.4 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 5674.666666666667\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 8500.0\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "Lambda_max= 3404.8\n",
-      "Lambda_min= 4250.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "d=3200  #in A\n",
-    "n=1.33\n",
-    "for m in range(1,3):\n",
-    "    lambda_max=(2*d*n)/(m+0.5)\n",
-    "    lambda_min=(8500/m)\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_max=\",lambda_max)\n",
-    "    print(\"Lambda_min=\",lambda_min)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 43.5 Refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "When m= 0\n",
-      "d in A=905.797\n",
-      "When m= 1\n",
-      "d in A=2717.391\n",
-      "When m= 2\n",
-      "d in A=4528.986\n",
-      "When m= 3\n",
-      "d in A=6340.580\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5000 #in A\n",
-    "n=1.38\n",
-    "for m in range(0,4):\n",
-    "    print(\"When m=\",m)\n",
-    "    d=((m+0.5)*lamda)/(2*n)\n",
-    "    print(\"d in A=%.3f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ZNNgbDf.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ZNNgbDf.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d8f167d7..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ZNNgbDf.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 37 MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.2 Orbital dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is 9.061e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "p=((e**2)/4)*math.sqrt(r/(math.pi*epsilon0*m))\n",
-    "print(\"Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.4 Change in magnetic moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - 3.659e-29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31  #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "B=2 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "delta_p=(e**2*B*r**2)/(4*m)\n",
-    "print(\"Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - %.3e\"%delta_p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.5 Precession frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is 21020464.18\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=1.4*10**-26 #in amp-m2\n",
-    "B=0.50 #wb/m2\n",
-    "Lp=0.53*10**-34 #in joule-sec\n",
-    "fp=u*B/(2*math.pi*Lp)\n",
-    "print(\"Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is %.2f\"%fp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.6 Magnetic field strength Magnetisation Effective magnetising current and Permeability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is 2000\n",
-      "(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\n",
-      " Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m 793774.72\n",
-      "(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\n",
-      " Effective magnetizing current in amp is 793.77472\n",
-      "(D) Permeability 397.88736\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=10*10**2 #turns/m\n",
-    "i=2 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.0 #in wb/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in wb/amp-m\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "H=n*i\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is\",H)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "M=(B-u0*H)/u0\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\")\n",
-    "print(\" Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m %.2f\"%M)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\")\n",
-    "i=M/n\n",
-    "print(\" Effective magnetizing current in amp is %.5f\"%i)\n",
-    "#D\n",
-    "Km=B/(u0*H)\n",
-    "print(\"(D) Permeability %.5f\"%Km)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ZfwEJOD.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ZfwEJOD.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 583fc62c..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ZfwEJOD.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,142 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 41 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION OF PLANE WAVES AND PLANE SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.1 Angle between two refracted beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.88234\n",
-      "For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.99290\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4702\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4624\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.4 Index of glass"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Index reflection= 1.41421\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1/math.sin(45*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"Index reflection= %.5f\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.5 Calculation of Angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle theta_c in degree= 62.45732\n",
-      "Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\n",
-      "Angle of refraction:\n",
-      "Theta_2 in degree= 52.89097\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "n2=1.33\n",
-    "n1=1.50\n",
-    "theta_c=math.degrees(math.asin(n2/n1))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle theta_c in degree= %.5f\"%theta_c)\n",
-    "print(\"Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\")\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction:\")\n",
-    "x=n1/n2\n",
-    "theta_2=(math.asin(x*math.sin(45*math.pi/180))*180/math.pi)\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta_2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ZgH5gHk.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ZgH5gHk.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2da66d96..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ZgH5gHk.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 34 AMPERES LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.3 Distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation between two wires in metres 0.0054795\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "i1=100 #in amp\n",
-    "i2=20 #in amp\n",
-    "W=0.073 #weight of second wire W=F/l in nt/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "d=u0*i1*i2/(2*math.pi*W)\n",
-    "print(\"Separation between two wires in metres %.7f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.5 Magnetic field and Magnetic flux"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0267035\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000189\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "d=3*10**-2 #diameter of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=5*850 #number of layers and turns of wire\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i0=5.0 #current in amp\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i0*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.9 Magnetic field and Magnetic dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 13.404\n",
-      "(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is 8.890e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "R=5.1*10**-11 #radius of th enucleus in meter\n",
-    "f=6.8*10**15 #frequency with which elecron circulates in rev/sec\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "x=0 #x is any point on the orbit, since at center x=0\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "i=e*f\n",
-    "B=u0*i*R**2*0.5/((R**2+x**2)**(3/2))\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 %.3f\"%B)\n",
-    "N=1 #no.of turns\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2\n",
-    "U=N*i*A\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Zo9zby0.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Zo9zby0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d197d07e..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_Zo9zby0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.3 Magnitude of an isolated positive point charge"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\n",
-      "Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is 1.112e-09\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V=100 #electric potential in volts\n",
-    "r=10*10**-2 #in meters\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\")\n",
-    "q=V*4*math.pi*epsilon0*r\n",
-    "print(\"Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.4 Electric potential at the surface of a gold nucleus"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is 17220668\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=6.6*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "V=q/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is %d\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.5 Potential at the center of the square"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential at the center of the square in volts is 508.65\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=-2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q3=3.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q4=2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "a=1 #side of square in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "#refer to the fig 29.7\n",
-    "r=a/math.sqrt(2) #distance of charges from centre in meter\n",
-    "V=(q1+q2+q3+q4)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Potential at the center of the square in volts is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.8 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is 3.837e-14\n",
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is 239781.46\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r=6.0*10**-15 #seperation b/w two protons in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "U=(q1*q2)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is %.3e\"%U)\n",
-    "V=U/q1\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.9 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \n",
-      "Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is -0.008991804694457362\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-7 #charge in coul\n",
-    "a=10*10**-2 #side of triangle in meter\n",
-    "q1=q\n",
-    "q2=-4*q\n",
-    "q3=2*q\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \")\n",
-    "U=(1/(4*math.pi*epsilon0))*(((q1*q2)/a)+((q1*q3)/a)+((q2*q3)/a))\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is\",U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_a6lN8YC.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_a6lN8YC.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0209a02b..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_a6lN8YC.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,184 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 42 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION SPHERICAL WAVES AND SPHERICAL SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.4 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "x= 0.05\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= 40.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=1\n",
-    "n2=2\n",
-    "o=20 #in cm\n",
-    "r=10 #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=\",x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm=\",i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.5 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -0.03333\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -30\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=2\n",
-    "n2=1\n",
-    "o=15   #in cm\n",
-    "r=-10  #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %d\"%i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.7 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/f in cm= 0.0325\n",
-      "f=1/x\n",
-      "f in cm= 30.76923\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1.65\n",
-    "r_1=40   #in cm\n",
-    "r_2=-40  #in cm\n",
-    "x=(n-1)*((1/r_1)-(1/r_2))\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/f in cm= %.4f\"%x)\n",
-    "print(\"f=1/x\")\n",
-    "f=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"f in cm= %.5f\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.8 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/i in cm= -0.06944\n",
-      "i in cm= -14.4\n",
-      "Lateral magnification =\n",
-      "m= 1.6\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "o=9  #in cm\n",
-    "f=24 #in cm\n",
-    "x=(1/f)-(1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"i in cm= %.1f\"%i)\n",
-    "print(\"Lateral magnification =\")\n",
-    "m=-(i/o)\n",
-    "print('m= %.1f'%m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aMuyjoe.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aMuyjoe.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 381ec056..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aMuyjoe.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,195 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 38 ELECTROMAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.1 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Max current in amps  0.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V_o=50 #in volts\n",
-    "C=1*10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "L=10*10**-3\n",
-    "i_m=V_o*(math.sqrt(C/L))\n",
-    "print(\"Max current in amps \",i_m)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.2 Angular frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=(10)**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.3 Angular frequency and time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n",
-      "Time in sec= 0.13863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "R=0.1 #in ohm\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)\n",
-    "t=(2*L*math.log(2))/R\n",
-    "print(\"Time in sec= %.5f\"%t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.5 Magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field in weber/m**2= 0.0000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "B=(0.5*m_0*e_0*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field in weber/m**2= %.7f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.6 Calculation of current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.0699004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.7f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aOrqAnb.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aOrqAnb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 57d1a771..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aOrqAnb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,227 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 45 GRATING AND SPECTRA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.1 Calculation of angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 7.249\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=4000 #in A\n",
-    "d=31700 #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.2 Calculation of angle theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 13.408\n",
-      "(B) Angle of seperation in degree= 0.0002388\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=5890  #in A\n",
-    "d=25400     #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)\n",
-    "del_lambda=5.9 #in A\n",
-    "delta_theta=(m*(del_lambda))/(d*(math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Angle of seperation in degree= %.7f\"%delta_theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.3 Calculation of Sodium Doublet"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resolving power= 998.305\n",
-      "Number of rulings needed is= 332.768\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "lamda_1=5895.9 #A\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "delta_lambda=(lamda_1-lamda) #in A\n",
-    "R=lamda/(delta_lambda)\n",
-    "print(\"Resolving power= %.3f\"%R)\n",
-    "N=(R/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Number of rulings needed is= %.3f\"%N)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.4 Calculation of Dispersion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 31.11244\n",
-      "(A) The dispersion in radian/A= 0.0001105\n",
-      "(B) Wave length difference in A= 0.13650\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "m1=5\n",
-    "lamda=5460  #in A\n",
-    "d=31700  #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.5f\"%theta)\n",
-    "D=m/(d*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The dispersion in radian/A= %.7f\"%D)\n",
-    "N=8000\n",
-    "lamda=5460\n",
-    "R=N*m1\n",
-    "delta_lambda=lamda/R\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Wave length difference in A= %.5f\"%delta_lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.5 Calculation of Angles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Interplanar spacing d in A= 2.51781\n",
-      "Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\n",
-      "When m1=1, Theta in degree= 12.61763\n",
-      "When m1=2, Theta in degree= 25.90544\n",
-      "When m1=3, Theta in degree= 40.94473\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "a_o=5.63  #A\n",
-    "d=a_o/math.sqrt(5)\n",
-    "lamda=1.10 #in A\n",
-    "print(\"Interplanar spacing d in A= %.5f\"%d)\n",
-    "print(\"Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\")\n",
-    "m1=1\n",
-    "x=(m1*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_1=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print(\"When m1=1, Theta in degree= %.5f\"%theta_1)\n",
-    "m2=2\n",
-    "x=(m2*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_2=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=2, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_2)\n",
-    "m3=3\n",
-    "x=(m3*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_3=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=3, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aVHvEjQ.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aVHvEjQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 57d1a771..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aVHvEjQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,227 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 45 GRATING AND SPECTRA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.1 Calculation of angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 7.249\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=4000 #in A\n",
-    "d=31700 #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.2 Calculation of angle theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 13.408\n",
-      "(B) Angle of seperation in degree= 0.0002388\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=5890  #in A\n",
-    "d=25400     #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)\n",
-    "del_lambda=5.9 #in A\n",
-    "delta_theta=(m*(del_lambda))/(d*(math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Angle of seperation in degree= %.7f\"%delta_theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.3 Calculation of Sodium Doublet"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resolving power= 998.305\n",
-      "Number of rulings needed is= 332.768\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "lamda_1=5895.9 #A\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "delta_lambda=(lamda_1-lamda) #in A\n",
-    "R=lamda/(delta_lambda)\n",
-    "print(\"Resolving power= %.3f\"%R)\n",
-    "N=(R/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Number of rulings needed is= %.3f\"%N)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.4 Calculation of Dispersion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 31.11244\n",
-      "(A) The dispersion in radian/A= 0.0001105\n",
-      "(B) Wave length difference in A= 0.13650\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "m1=5\n",
-    "lamda=5460  #in A\n",
-    "d=31700  #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.5f\"%theta)\n",
-    "D=m/(d*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The dispersion in radian/A= %.7f\"%D)\n",
-    "N=8000\n",
-    "lamda=5460\n",
-    "R=N*m1\n",
-    "delta_lambda=lamda/R\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Wave length difference in A= %.5f\"%delta_lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.5 Calculation of Angles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Interplanar spacing d in A= 2.51781\n",
-      "Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\n",
-      "When m1=1, Theta in degree= 12.61763\n",
-      "When m1=2, Theta in degree= 25.90544\n",
-      "When m1=3, Theta in degree= 40.94473\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "a_o=5.63  #A\n",
-    "d=a_o/math.sqrt(5)\n",
-    "lamda=1.10 #in A\n",
-    "print(\"Interplanar spacing d in A= %.5f\"%d)\n",
-    "print(\"Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\")\n",
-    "m1=1\n",
-    "x=(m1*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_1=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print(\"When m1=1, Theta in degree= %.5f\"%theta_1)\n",
-    "m2=2\n",
-    "x=(m2*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_2=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=2, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_2)\n",
-    "m3=3\n",
-    "x=(m3*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_3=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=3, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aXglZdg.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aXglZdg.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 80d62fec..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aXglZdg.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 48 WAVES AND PROPOGATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.1 Velocity and Wavelength of particle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in m/s 5929994.5\n",
-      "Wavelength in A 1.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=100*(1.6*(10**-19))\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(((2*k)/(m)))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in m/s %.1f\"%v)\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34)\n",
-    "p=5.4*(10**-34)\n",
-    "lamda=h/p\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A %.3f\"%lamda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.2 Quantized energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in Joule= 5.984e-20\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*10**-34 #j/sec\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "l=1*(10**-9)  #in m\n",
-    "E=(n**2)*((h**2)/(8*m*(l**2)))\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in Joule= %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.3 Quantum number"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 5.000e-22\n",
-      "Quantum number= 3.030e+14\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=10**-9    #in kg\n",
-    "v=10**-6    #in m/s\n",
-    "l=10**-4    #in m\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*(10**-34)  #j/s\n",
-    "E=(0.5)*m*(v**2)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E)\n",
-    "n=(l/h)*(math.sqrt(8*m*E))\n",
-    "print(\"Quantum number= %.3e\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.5 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= 2.730e-28\n",
-      "Delta_p in kg-m/s= 2.730e-32\n",
-      "Minimum uncertainaity in m= 0.02418\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "v=300 #in m/s\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34) #in j-s\n",
-    "p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%p)\n",
-    "delta_p=(0.0001)*p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_p in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(h/delta_p)\n",
-    "print(\"Minimum uncertainaity in m= %.5f\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.6 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Momentum in kg-m/s= 15.0\n",
-      "Delta_x in meter= 4.400e-35\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=0.05 #in kg\n",
-    "v=300  #m/s\n",
-    "delta_p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum in kg-m/s=\",delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(6.6*10**-34)/delta_p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_x in meter= %.3e\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aoumhJm.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aoumhJm.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 412d8eb1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_aoumhJm.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 28 GAUSS'S LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.3 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 1.138e+13\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=1*10**-10 #radius of the atom in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.4 Electric field strength at the nuclear surface"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 2.389e+21\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=6.9*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_atzCquQ.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_atzCquQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4651a1a4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_atzCquQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 44 DIFFRACTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.1 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a in A=13000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=6500 #in A\n",
-    "a=(m*lamda)/math.sin(30*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"a in A=%d\"%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.2 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Wavelength in A = 4333.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=6500\n",
-    "lambda_1=lamda/1.5\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A = %.3f\"%lambda_1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.5 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.06990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2  #meters\n",
-    "byd=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*byd)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.5f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.7 Delta Y"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) D in m= 0.00240\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=480*10**-9 #in m\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "D=50*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "a=0.02*10**-3\n",
-    "delta_y=(lamda*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"(A) D in m= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_b69VCaT.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_b69VCaT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 80d62fec..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_b69VCaT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 48 WAVES AND PROPOGATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.1 Velocity and Wavelength of particle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in m/s 5929994.5\n",
-      "Wavelength in A 1.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=100*(1.6*(10**-19))\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(((2*k)/(m)))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in m/s %.1f\"%v)\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34)\n",
-    "p=5.4*(10**-34)\n",
-    "lamda=h/p\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A %.3f\"%lamda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.2 Quantized energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in Joule= 5.984e-20\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*10**-34 #j/sec\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "l=1*(10**-9)  #in m\n",
-    "E=(n**2)*((h**2)/(8*m*(l**2)))\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in Joule= %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.3 Quantum number"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 5.000e-22\n",
-      "Quantum number= 3.030e+14\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=10**-9    #in kg\n",
-    "v=10**-6    #in m/s\n",
-    "l=10**-4    #in m\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*(10**-34)  #j/s\n",
-    "E=(0.5)*m*(v**2)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E)\n",
-    "n=(l/h)*(math.sqrt(8*m*E))\n",
-    "print(\"Quantum number= %.3e\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.5 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= 2.730e-28\n",
-      "Delta_p in kg-m/s= 2.730e-32\n",
-      "Minimum uncertainaity in m= 0.02418\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "v=300 #in m/s\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34) #in j-s\n",
-    "p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%p)\n",
-    "delta_p=(0.0001)*p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_p in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(h/delta_p)\n",
-    "print(\"Minimum uncertainaity in m= %.5f\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.6 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Momentum in kg-m/s= 15.0\n",
-      "Delta_x in meter= 4.400e-35\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=0.05 #in kg\n",
-    "v=300  #m/s\n",
-    "delta_p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum in kg-m/s=\",delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(6.6*10**-34)/delta_p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_x in meter= %.3e\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_bg51CID.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_bg51CID.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 21e23dc9..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_bg51CID.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 30 CAPACITORS AND DIELECTRICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.1 Plate area"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Plate area in square meter is 1.130e+08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "C=1.0 #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "d=1.0*10**-3 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=d*C/epsilon0\n",
-    "print(\"Plate area in square meter is %.3e\"%A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.5 To calculate Capacitance Free charge Electric field strength Potential diffrence between plates"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is 8.850e-12\n",
-      "(b)Free charge in coul is 8.850e-10\n",
-      "(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is 10000\n",
-      "(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is 1428.5714\n",
-      "(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is 57.1429\n",
-      "(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is 1.549e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "b=5*10**-3 #thickness of dielectric lab in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "C0=epsilon0*A/d\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is %.3e\"%C0)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "q=C0*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Free charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "E0=q/(epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is %d\"%E0)\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "E=q/(k*epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is %.4f\"%E)\n",
-    "#(e)\n",
-    "#Refer to fig30-12\n",
-    "V=E0*(d-b)+E*b\n",
-    "print(\"(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is %.4f\"%V)\n",
-    "#(f)\n",
-    "C=q/V\n",
-    "print(\"(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is %.3e\"%C)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.6 To calculate Electric displacement and Electric polarisation in dielectric and air gap"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is 8.859e-08\n",
-      "Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is 7.593e-08\n",
-      "(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is 8.850e-08\n",
-      "Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "E0=1*10**4 #Electric field in the air gap in volts/meter\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "k0=1\n",
-    "E=1.43*10**3 #in volts/metre\n",
-    "D=k*E*epsilon0\n",
-    "P=epsilon0*(k-1)*E\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is %.3e\"%P)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "D0=k0*epsilon0*E0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D0)\n",
-    "P0=epsilon0*(k0-1)*E0\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is\",P0)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_dZYAnnw.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_dZYAnnw.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 80d62fec..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_dZYAnnw.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 48 WAVES AND PROPOGATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.1 Velocity and Wavelength of particle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in m/s 5929994.5\n",
-      "Wavelength in A 1.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=100*(1.6*(10**-19))\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(((2*k)/(m)))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in m/s %.1f\"%v)\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34)\n",
-    "p=5.4*(10**-34)\n",
-    "lamda=h/p\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A %.3f\"%lamda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.2 Quantized energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in Joule= 5.984e-20\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*10**-34 #j/sec\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "l=1*(10**-9)  #in m\n",
-    "E=(n**2)*((h**2)/(8*m*(l**2)))\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in Joule= %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.3 Quantum number"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 5.000e-22\n",
-      "Quantum number= 3.030e+14\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=10**-9    #in kg\n",
-    "v=10**-6    #in m/s\n",
-    "l=10**-4    #in m\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*(10**-34)  #j/s\n",
-    "E=(0.5)*m*(v**2)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E)\n",
-    "n=(l/h)*(math.sqrt(8*m*E))\n",
-    "print(\"Quantum number= %.3e\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.5 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= 2.730e-28\n",
-      "Delta_p in kg-m/s= 2.730e-32\n",
-      "Minimum uncertainaity in m= 0.02418\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "v=300 #in m/s\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34) #in j-s\n",
-    "p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%p)\n",
-    "delta_p=(0.0001)*p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_p in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(h/delta_p)\n",
-    "print(\"Minimum uncertainaity in m= %.5f\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.6 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Momentum in kg-m/s= 15.0\n",
-      "Delta_x in meter= 4.400e-35\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=0.05 #in kg\n",
-    "v=300  #m/s\n",
-    "delta_p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum in kg-m/s=\",delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(6.6*10**-34)/delta_p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_x in meter= %.3e\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_dsYxoMq.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_dsYxoMq.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 80d62fec..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_dsYxoMq.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 48 WAVES AND PROPOGATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.1 Velocity and Wavelength of particle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in m/s 5929994.5\n",
-      "Wavelength in A 1.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=100*(1.6*(10**-19))\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(((2*k)/(m)))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in m/s %.1f\"%v)\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34)\n",
-    "p=5.4*(10**-34)\n",
-    "lamda=h/p\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A %.3f\"%lamda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.2 Quantized energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in Joule= 5.984e-20\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*10**-34 #j/sec\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "l=1*(10**-9)  #in m\n",
-    "E=(n**2)*((h**2)/(8*m*(l**2)))\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in Joule= %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.3 Quantum number"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 5.000e-22\n",
-      "Quantum number= 3.030e+14\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=10**-9    #in kg\n",
-    "v=10**-6    #in m/s\n",
-    "l=10**-4    #in m\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*(10**-34)  #j/s\n",
-    "E=(0.5)*m*(v**2)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E)\n",
-    "n=(l/h)*(math.sqrt(8*m*E))\n",
-    "print(\"Quantum number= %.3e\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.5 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= 2.730e-28\n",
-      "Delta_p in kg-m/s= 2.730e-32\n",
-      "Minimum uncertainaity in m= 0.02418\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "v=300 #in m/s\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34) #in j-s\n",
-    "p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%p)\n",
-    "delta_p=(0.0001)*p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_p in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(h/delta_p)\n",
-    "print(\"Minimum uncertainaity in m= %.5f\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.6 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Momentum in kg-m/s= 15.0\n",
-      "Delta_x in meter= 4.400e-35\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=0.05 #in kg\n",
-    "v=300  #m/s\n",
-    "delta_p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum in kg-m/s=\",delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(6.6*10**-34)/delta_p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_x in meter= %.3e\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_dsq2gfs.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_dsq2gfs.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 80d62fec..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_dsq2gfs.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 48 WAVES AND PROPOGATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.1 Velocity and Wavelength of particle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in m/s 5929994.5\n",
-      "Wavelength in A 1.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=100*(1.6*(10**-19))\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(((2*k)/(m)))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in m/s %.1f\"%v)\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34)\n",
-    "p=5.4*(10**-34)\n",
-    "lamda=h/p\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A %.3f\"%lamda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.2 Quantized energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in Joule= 5.984e-20\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*10**-34 #j/sec\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "l=1*(10**-9)  #in m\n",
-    "E=(n**2)*((h**2)/(8*m*(l**2)))\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in Joule= %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.3 Quantum number"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 5.000e-22\n",
-      "Quantum number= 3.030e+14\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=10**-9    #in kg\n",
-    "v=10**-6    #in m/s\n",
-    "l=10**-4    #in m\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*(10**-34)  #j/s\n",
-    "E=(0.5)*m*(v**2)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E)\n",
-    "n=(l/h)*(math.sqrt(8*m*E))\n",
-    "print(\"Quantum number= %.3e\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.5 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= 2.730e-28\n",
-      "Delta_p in kg-m/s= 2.730e-32\n",
-      "Minimum uncertainaity in m= 0.02418\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "v=300 #in m/s\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34) #in j-s\n",
-    "p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%p)\n",
-    "delta_p=(0.0001)*p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_p in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(h/delta_p)\n",
-    "print(\"Minimum uncertainaity in m= %.5f\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.6 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Momentum in kg-m/s= 15.0\n",
-      "Delta_x in meter= 4.400e-35\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=0.05 #in kg\n",
-    "v=300  #m/s\n",
-    "delta_p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum in kg-m/s=\",delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(6.6*10**-34)/delta_p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_x in meter= %.3e\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_e8evOCy.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_e8evOCy.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 74c7058d..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_e8evOCy.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,198 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 38 ELECTROMAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.1 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Max current in amps  0.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "V_o=50 #in volts\n",
-    "C=1*10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "L=10*10**-3\n",
-    "i_m=V_o*(math.sqrt(C/L))\n",
-    "print(\"Max current in amps \",i_m)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.2 Angular frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=(10)**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.3 Angular frequency and time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n",
-      "Time in sec= 0.13863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "R=0.1 #in ohm\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)\n",
-    "t=(2*L*math.log(2))/R\n",
-    "print(\"Time in sec= %.5f\"%t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.5 Magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field in weber/m**2= 0.0000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "B=(0.5*m_0*e_0*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field in weber/m**2= %.7f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.6 Calculation of current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.0699004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.7f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_eobmuMh.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_eobmuMh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7cae8043..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_eobmuMh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,167 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 40 NATURE AND PROPOGATION OF LIGHT"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.1 Force and energy reflected"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule= 36000.0\n",
-      "Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= 0.00024\n",
-      "(B) Force in newton= 6.667e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "u=(10)*(1.0)*3600  #in Joules\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "t=3600 #in sec\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule=\",u)\n",
-    "p=(2*u)/c\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= %.5f\"%p)\n",
-    "f=p/t\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force in newton= %.3e\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.2 Angular speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular speed in rev/sec= 12.07030\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "theta=1/1440\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "l=8630 #in m\n",
-    "w=(c*theta)/(2*l)\n",
-    "print(\"Angular speed in rev/sec= %.5f\"%w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.3 Calculation of c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Lambda_g in cm= 3.9\n",
-      "Value of c in m/sec= 2.992e+10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "l=15.6 #in cm\n",
-    "n=8\n",
-    "lambda_g=(2*l)/n\n",
-    "print(\"Lambda_g in cm=\",lambda_g)\n",
-    "lamda=3.15  #in cm\n",
-    "f=9.5*10**9 #cycles/sec\n",
-    "c=lamda*f\n",
-    "print(\"Value of c in m/sec= %.3e\"%c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.4 Percentage error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of light in miles/hour= 50000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "v_1=25000 #miles/hr\n",
-    "u=25000   #miles/hr\n",
-    "c=6.7*10**8 #miles/hr\n",
-    "x=1+((v_1*u)/(c)**2)\n",
-    "v=(v_1+u)/x\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of light in miles/hour= %.0f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_fKVhvNn.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_fKVhvNn.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6cc02fdd..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_fKVhvNn.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 47 LIGHT AND QUANTUM PHYSICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.1 Velocity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in cycles/s 0.71176\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=20 #in nt/m\n",
-    "m=1  #in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=(math.sqrt((k)/(m)))*(1/(2*math.pi))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in cycles/s %.5f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.2 Time calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power in j-sec 1.000000e-23\n",
-      "('Time reqired in sec =', 80000.0)\n",
-      "Time required in hour 22.22224\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "P=(10**(-3))*(3*10**(-18))/(300)\n",
-    "print(\"Power in j-sec %e\"%P)\n",
-    "s=1.6*(10**(-19))\n",
-    "t=(5*s)/P\n",
-    "print(\"Time reqired in sec =\",t)\n",
-    "one_sec=0.000277778 #hr\n",
-    "in_hour=one_sec*t\n",
-    "print(\"Time required in hour %.5f\"%in_hour)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.3 Work function for sodium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 2.911e-19\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "h=6.63*10**(-34) #in joule/sec\n",
-    "v=4.39*10**(14) #cycles/sec\n",
-    "E_o=h*(v)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E_o)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.4 Kinetic energy to be imparten on recoiling electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "h=(6.63)*10**-34\n",
-    "m=9.11*10**-31\n",
-    "c=3*10**8\n",
-    "delta_h=(h/(m*c))*(1-math.cos(90))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Compton shift in meter %.3e\",delta_h)\n",
-    "delta=1*10**-10\n",
-    "k=(h*c*delta_h)/(delta*(delta+delta_h))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Kinetic energy in joules\",k)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_fq4RONl.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_fq4RONl.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d8f167d7..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_fq4RONl.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 37 MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.2 Orbital dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is 9.061e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "p=((e**2)/4)*math.sqrt(r/(math.pi*epsilon0*m))\n",
-    "print(\"Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.4 Change in magnetic moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - 3.659e-29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31  #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "B=2 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "delta_p=(e**2*B*r**2)/(4*m)\n",
-    "print(\"Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - %.3e\"%delta_p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.5 Precession frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is 21020464.18\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=1.4*10**-26 #in amp-m2\n",
-    "B=0.50 #wb/m2\n",
-    "Lp=0.53*10**-34 #in joule-sec\n",
-    "fp=u*B/(2*math.pi*Lp)\n",
-    "print(\"Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is %.2f\"%fp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.6 Magnetic field strength Magnetisation Effective magnetising current and Permeability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is 2000\n",
-      "(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\n",
-      " Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m 793774.72\n",
-      "(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\n",
-      " Effective magnetizing current in amp is 793.77472\n",
-      "(D) Permeability 397.88736\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=10*10**2 #turns/m\n",
-    "i=2 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.0 #in wb/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in wb/amp-m\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "H=n*i\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is\",H)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "M=(B-u0*H)/u0\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\")\n",
-    "print(\" Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m %.2f\"%M)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\")\n",
-    "i=M/n\n",
-    "print(\" Effective magnetizing current in amp is %.5f\"%i)\n",
-    "#D\n",
-    "Km=B/(u0*H)\n",
-    "print(\"(D) Permeability %.5f\"%Km)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gAk3z0j.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gAk3z0j.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 412d8eb1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gAk3z0j.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 28 GAUSS'S LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.3 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 1.138e+13\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=1*10**-10 #radius of the atom in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.4 Electric field strength at the nuclear surface"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 2.389e+21\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=6.9*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gI9NaAW.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gI9NaAW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 047fa477..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gI9NaAW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 33 THE MAGNETIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.1 Force acting on a proton"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of the proton in meters/sec is 30678599.55\n",
-      "Force acting on proton in nt is 7.363e-12\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "K=5*10**6 #ev\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "K1=K*e #in joules\n",
-    "m=1.7*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "B=1.5 #wb/m\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(2*K1/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of the proton in meters/sec is %.2f\"%v)\n",
-    "F=e*v*B*math.sin(theta)\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on proton in nt is %.3e\"%F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.3 Torsional constant of the spring"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is 3.333e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "N=250 #turns in coil\n",
-    "i=1.0*10**-4 #in amp\n",
-    "B=0.2 #wb/m2\n",
-    "h=2*10**-2  #coil height in m\n",
-    "w=1.0*10**-2 #width of coil in m\n",
-    "Q=30 #angular deflectin in degrees\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "A=h*w\n",
-    "k=N*i*A*B*math.sin(theta)/Q\n",
-    "print(\"Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is %.3e\"%k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.4 Work done"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is  0.23561944901923454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "N=100 #turns in circular coil\n",
-    "i=0.10 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #radius of coil in meter\n",
-    "u=N*i*math.pi*(a**2) #u is dipole moment\n",
-    "U1=(-u*B*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "U2=-u*B*math.cos(math.pi)\n",
-    "W=U2-U1\n",
-    "print(\"Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is \",W)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.5 Hall potential difference"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is 2.232142857142857e-05 or 0.0000223\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "i=200 #current in the strip in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "h=1.0*10**-3 #thickness of copper strip in metre\n",
-    "w=2*10**-2 #width of copper strip in meter\n",
-    "Vxy=i*B/(n*e*h)\n",
-    "print(\"Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is\",Vxy,\"or\",\"%.7f\"%Vxy)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.6 Orbital radius Cyclotron frequency and Period of revolution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Orbit radius in meter is 0.1080625\n",
-      "(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is 2798328.7\n",
-      "(C)  Period of revolution in sec is 0.0000004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 # in kg\n",
-    "v=1.9*10**6 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "B=1.0*10**-4 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "r=m*v/(q*B)\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Orbit radius in meter is %.7f\"%r)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "f=q*B/(2*math.pi*m)\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is %.1f\"%f)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "T=1/f\n",
-    "print(\"(C)  Period of revolution in sec is %.7f\"%T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.7 Magnetic induction and Deuteron energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is 1.5550883635269475\n",
-      "(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is 2.669e-12\n",
-      " Deuteron energy in ev is 16679852\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "f0=12*10**6 #cyclotron frequency in cycles/sec\n",
-    "r=21#dee radius in inches\n",
-    "R=r*0.0254 #dee radius in meter\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "m=3.3*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=2*math.pi*f0*m/q\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is\",B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "K=((q**2*B**2*R**2)/(2*m))\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is %.3e\"%K)\n",
-    "K1=K*(1/(1.6*10**-19))\n",
-    "print(\" Deuteron energy in ev is %d\"%K1)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gXQu2hh.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gXQu2hh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b7da278..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gXQu2hh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,183 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 27 THE ELECTRIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.1 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\n",
-      "electric field strength in nt/coul is 5.574e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "g=9.8 #acceleration due to gravity in m/s\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge of electron in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\")\n",
-    "E=m*g/q\n",
-    "print(\"electric field strength in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.4 The point on the line joining two charges for the electric field strength to be zero"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\n",
-      "E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\n",
-      "Electric field strength is zero at x=4.142 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=2.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "l=10 #sepearation b/w q1 and q2 in cm\n",
-    "print(\"For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\")\n",
-    "#\"Refer to the fig 27.9\"\n",
-    "#E1=electric fied strength due to q1\n",
-    "#E2=electric fied strength due to q2\n",
-    "print(\"E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\")\n",
-    "x=l/(1+math.sqrt(q2/q1))\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength is zero at x=%.3f cm\"%x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.9 Deflection of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding deflection in meters is 0.000337\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "E=1.2*10**4 #electric field in nt/coul\n",
-    "x=1.5*10**-2 #length of deflecting assembly in m\n",
-    "K0=3.2*10**-16 #kinetic energy of electron in joule\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "y=e*E*x**2/(4*K0)\n",
-    "print(\"Corresponding deflection in meters is %.6f\"%y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.11 Torque and work done by external agent on electric dipole"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\n",
-      "0.002\n",
-      "(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \n",
-      "0.004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-6 #magnitude of two opposite charges of a electric dipole in coul\n",
-    "d=2.0*10**-2 #seperation b/w charges in m\n",
-    "E=1.0*10**5 #external field in nt/coul\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#(a)Max torque if found when theta=90 degrees\n",
-    "#Torque =pEsin(theta)\n",
-    "p=q*d #electric dipole moment\n",
-    "T=p*E*math.sin(math.pi/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\")\n",
-    "print(T)\n",
-    "#(b)work done by the external agent is the potential energy b/w the positions theta=180 and 0 degree\n",
-    "W=(-p*E*math.cos(math.pi))-(-p*E*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \")\n",
-    "print(W)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gmcBgGR.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gmcBgGR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 21e23dc9..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_gmcBgGR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 30 CAPACITORS AND DIELECTRICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.1 Plate area"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Plate area in square meter is 1.130e+08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "C=1.0 #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "d=1.0*10**-3 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=d*C/epsilon0\n",
-    "print(\"Plate area in square meter is %.3e\"%A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.5 To calculate Capacitance Free charge Electric field strength Potential diffrence between plates"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is 8.850e-12\n",
-      "(b)Free charge in coul is 8.850e-10\n",
-      "(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is 10000\n",
-      "(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is 1428.5714\n",
-      "(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is 57.1429\n",
-      "(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is 1.549e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "b=5*10**-3 #thickness of dielectric lab in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "C0=epsilon0*A/d\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is %.3e\"%C0)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "q=C0*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Free charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "E0=q/(epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is %d\"%E0)\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "E=q/(k*epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is %.4f\"%E)\n",
-    "#(e)\n",
-    "#Refer to fig30-12\n",
-    "V=E0*(d-b)+E*b\n",
-    "print(\"(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is %.4f\"%V)\n",
-    "#(f)\n",
-    "C=q/V\n",
-    "print(\"(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is %.3e\"%C)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.6 To calculate Electric displacement and Electric polarisation in dielectric and air gap"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is 8.859e-08\n",
-      "Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is 7.593e-08\n",
-      "(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is 8.850e-08\n",
-      "Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "E0=1*10**4 #Electric field in the air gap in volts/meter\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "k0=1\n",
-    "E=1.43*10**3 #in volts/metre\n",
-    "D=k*E*epsilon0\n",
-    "P=epsilon0*(k-1)*E\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is %.3e\"%P)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "D0=k0*epsilon0*E0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D0)\n",
-    "P0=epsilon0*(k0-1)*E0\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is\",P0)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hCfFR8F.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hCfFR8F.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4651a1a4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hCfFR8F.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 44 DIFFRACTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.1 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a in A=13000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=6500 #in A\n",
-    "a=(m*lamda)/math.sin(30*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"a in A=%d\"%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.2 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Wavelength in A = 4333.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=6500\n",
-    "lambda_1=lamda/1.5\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A = %.3f\"%lambda_1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.5 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.06990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2  #meters\n",
-    "byd=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*byd)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.5f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.7 Delta Y"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) D in m= 0.00240\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=480*10**-9 #in m\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "D=50*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "a=0.02*10**-3\n",
-    "delta_y=(lamda*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"(A) D in m= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hEvrWua.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hEvrWua.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9f265612..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hEvrWua.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,212 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 48 WAVES AND PROPOGATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.1 Velocity and Wavelength of particle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in m/s 5929994.5\n",
-      "Wavelength in A 1.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=100*(1.6*(10**-19))\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(((2*k)/(m)))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in m/s %.1f\"%v)\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34)\n",
-    "p=5.4*(10**-34)\n",
-    "lamda=h/p\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A %.3f\"%lamda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.2 Quantized energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in Joule= 5.984e-20\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n=1\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*10**-34 #j/sec\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "l=1*(10**-9)  #in m\n",
-    "E=(n**2)*((h**2)/(8*m*(l**2)))\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in Joule= %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.3 Quantum number"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 5.000e-22\n",
-      "Quantum number= 3.030e+14\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=10**-9    #in kg\n",
-    "v=10**-6    #in m/s\n",
-    "l=10**-4    #in m\n",
-    "h=(6.6)*(10**-34)  #j/s\n",
-    "E=(0.5)*m*(v**2)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E)\n",
-    "n=(l/h)*(math.sqrt(8*m*E))\n",
-    "print(\"Quantum number= %.3e\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.5 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= 2.730e-28\n",
-      "Delta_p in kg-m/s= 2.730e-32\n",
-      "Minimum uncertainaity in m= 0.02418\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "m=9.1*(10**-31)  #in kg\n",
-    "v=300 #in m/s\n",
-    "h=6.6*(10**-34) #in j-s\n",
-    "p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"The electrom momentum in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%p)\n",
-    "delta_p=(0.0001)*p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_p in kg-m/s= %.3e\"%delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(h/delta_p)\n",
-    "print(\"Minimum uncertainaity in m= %.5f\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 48.6 Position of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Momentum in kg-m/s= 15.0\n",
-      "Delta_x in meter= 4.400e-35\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "m=0.05 #in kg\n",
-    "v=300  #m/s\n",
-    "delta_p=m*v\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum in kg-m/s=\",delta_p)\n",
-    "delta_x=(6.6*10**-34)/delta_p\n",
-    "print(\"Delta_x in meter= %.3e\"%delta_x)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hK5EJWu.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hK5EJWu.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 412d8eb1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hK5EJWu.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 28 GAUSS'S LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.3 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 1.138e+13\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=1*10**-10 #radius of the atom in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.4 Electric field strength at the nuclear surface"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 2.389e+21\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=6.9*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hWr9kYf.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hWr9kYf.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 904b1c32..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hWr9kYf.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 31 CURRENT AND RESISTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.1 Current density"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches 1273.240\n",
-      "Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches 3108.495\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=0.10 #diameter of aluminium wire in inches\n",
-    "d2=0.064 #diameter of copper wire in inches\n",
-    "i=10 #current carried by composite wire in amperes\n",
-    "A1=math.pi*(d1/2)**2 #crosssectional area of aluminium wire in square inches\n",
-    "A2=math.pi*(d2/2)**2 #crosssectional area of copper wire in square inches\n",
-    "j1=i/A1\n",
-    "j2=i/A2\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j1)\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.2 Drift speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole 8.438e+22\n",
-      "Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is 0.03556\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "j=480 #current density for copper wire in amp/cm2\n",
-    "N0=6*10**23 #avagadro number in atoms/mole\n",
-    "M=64 #molecular wt in gm/mole\n",
-    "d=9.0 #density in gm/cm3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #elecron charge in coul\n",
-    "n=d*N0/M \n",
-    "print(\"No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole %.3e\"%n)\n",
-    "Vd=j/(n*e)\n",
-    "print(\"Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is %.5f\"%Vd)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.3 Resistance and resistivity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is 0.175\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is 7.0e-05\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\")\n",
-    "l=1.0*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "b=1.0*10**-2#in meter\n",
-    "h=50*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "p=3.5*10**-5 #resisivity of carbon in ohm-m\n",
-    "#(a)Resistance b/w two square ends\n",
-    "l1=h\n",
-    "A1=b*l\n",
-    "R1=p*l1/A1\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is %.3f\"%R1)\n",
-    "l2=l\n",
-    "A2=b*h\n",
-    "R2=p*l2/A2\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is %.1e\"%R2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.4 Mean time and Mean free path"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is 4.979e-14\n",
-      "(b) Mean free path in cm is 0.000008\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #in kg\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-1\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "p=1.7*10**-8 #in ohm-m\n",
-    "v=1.6*10**8 #in cm/sec\n",
-    "T=2*m/(n*p*e**2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is %.3e\"%T)\n",
-    "Lambda=T*v\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Mean free path in cm is %f\"%Lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.5 Power"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Power for the single coil in watts is 504.167\n",
-      "(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is 1008.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=110 #in volt\n",
-    "R=24 #ohms\n",
-    "P1=V**2/R\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Power for the single coil in watts is %.3f\"%P1)\n",
-    "P2=V**2/(R/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is %.3f\"%P2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hdRT9rD.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hdRT9rD.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a0180572..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_hdRT9rD.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 41 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION OF PLANE WAVES AND PLANE SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.1 Angle between two refracted beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.88234\n",
-      "For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.99290\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4702\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4624\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.4 Index of glass"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Index reflection= 1.41421\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1/math.sin(45*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"Index reflection= %.5f\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.5 Calculation of Angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle theta_c in degree= 62.45732\n",
-      "Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\n",
-      "Angle of refraction:\n",
-      "Theta_2 in degree= 52.89097\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n2=1.33\n",
-    "n1=1.50\n",
-    "theta_c=math.degrees(math.asin(n2/n1))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle theta_c in degree= %.5f\"%theta_c)\n",
-    "print(\"Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\")\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction:\")\n",
-    "x=n1/n2\n",
-    "theta_2=(math.asin(x*math.sin(45*math.pi/180))*180/math.pi)\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta_2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_iL7yFH3.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_iL7yFH3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6cc02fdd..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_iL7yFH3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 47 LIGHT AND QUANTUM PHYSICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.1 Velocity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in cycles/s 0.71176\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=20 #in nt/m\n",
-    "m=1  #in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=(math.sqrt((k)/(m)))*(1/(2*math.pi))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in cycles/s %.5f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.2 Time calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power in j-sec 1.000000e-23\n",
-      "('Time reqired in sec =', 80000.0)\n",
-      "Time required in hour 22.22224\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "P=(10**(-3))*(3*10**(-18))/(300)\n",
-    "print(\"Power in j-sec %e\"%P)\n",
-    "s=1.6*(10**(-19))\n",
-    "t=(5*s)/P\n",
-    "print(\"Time reqired in sec =\",t)\n",
-    "one_sec=0.000277778 #hr\n",
-    "in_hour=one_sec*t\n",
-    "print(\"Time required in hour %.5f\"%in_hour)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.3 Work function for sodium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 2.911e-19\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "h=6.63*10**(-34) #in joule/sec\n",
-    "v=4.39*10**(14) #cycles/sec\n",
-    "E_o=h*(v)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E_o)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.4 Kinetic energy to be imparten on recoiling electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "h=(6.63)*10**-34\n",
-    "m=9.11*10**-31\n",
-    "c=3*10**8\n",
-    "delta_h=(h/(m*c))*(1-math.cos(90))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Compton shift in meter %.3e\",delta_h)\n",
-    "delta=1*10**-10\n",
-    "k=(h*c*delta_h)/(delta*(delta+delta_h))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Kinetic energy in joules\",k)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_iMZmAfZ.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_iMZmAfZ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a0180572..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_iMZmAfZ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 41 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION OF PLANE WAVES AND PLANE SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.1 Angle between two refracted beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.88234\n",
-      "For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.99290\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4702\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4624\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.4 Index of glass"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Index reflection= 1.41421\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1/math.sin(45*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"Index reflection= %.5f\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.5 Calculation of Angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle theta_c in degree= 62.45732\n",
-      "Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\n",
-      "Angle of refraction:\n",
-      "Theta_2 in degree= 52.89097\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n2=1.33\n",
-    "n1=1.50\n",
-    "theta_c=math.degrees(math.asin(n2/n1))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle theta_c in degree= %.5f\"%theta_c)\n",
-    "print(\"Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\")\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction:\")\n",
-    "x=n1/n2\n",
-    "theta_2=(math.asin(x*math.sin(45*math.pi/180))*180/math.pi)\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta_2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_iazK9ta.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_iazK9ta.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 34883c4a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_iazK9ta.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 35 FARADAYS LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.1 Induced EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0376991\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000118\n",
-      "Induced EMF in volts is -0.0473741\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "r=3*10**-2 #radius of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=200*10**2 #number of turns in solenoid per meter\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i=1.5 #current in amp\n",
-    "N=100 #no.of turns in a close packed coil placed at the center of solenoid\n",
-    "d=2*10**-2 #diameter of coil in meter\n",
-    "delta_T=0.050 #in sec\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)\n",
-    "delta_Q=Q-(-Q)\n",
-    "E=-(N*delta_Q/delta_T)\n",
-    "print(\"Induced EMF in volts is %.7f\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.7 Induced electric field and EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\n",
-      "(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z 2.0\n",
-      "(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is 0.2\n",
-      "Induced emf in volt observed by Z is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "B=2 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "l=10*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "v=1.0 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\")\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "E=v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z\",E)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "F=q*v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is %.1e\"%F)\n",
-    "F1=q*E\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is %.1e\"%F1)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "emf1=B*l*v\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is\",emf1)\n",
-    "emf2=E*l\n",
-    "print(\"Induced emf in volt observed by Z is\",emf2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ighXyFk.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ighXyFk.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2da66d96..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ighXyFk.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 34 AMPERES LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.3 Distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation between two wires in metres 0.0054795\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "i1=100 #in amp\n",
-    "i2=20 #in amp\n",
-    "W=0.073 #weight of second wire W=F/l in nt/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "d=u0*i1*i2/(2*math.pi*W)\n",
-    "print(\"Separation between two wires in metres %.7f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.5 Magnetic field and Magnetic flux"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0267035\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000189\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "d=3*10**-2 #diameter of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=5*850 #number of layers and turns of wire\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i0=5.0 #current in amp\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i0*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.9 Magnetic field and Magnetic dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 13.404\n",
-      "(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is 8.890e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "R=5.1*10**-11 #radius of th enucleus in meter\n",
-    "f=6.8*10**15 #frequency with which elecron circulates in rev/sec\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "x=0 #x is any point on the orbit, since at center x=0\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "i=e*f\n",
-    "B=u0*i*R**2*0.5/((R**2+x**2)**(3/2))\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 %.3f\"%B)\n",
-    "N=1 #no.of turns\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2\n",
-    "U=N*i*A\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_jacaAtE.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_jacaAtE.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ee009cd1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_jacaAtE.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 36 INDUCTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.1 Inductance of a toroid"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is 0.0013863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "N=10**3 #no.of turns\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #im meter\n",
-    "b=10*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "h=1*10**-2 #in metre\n",
-    "L=(u0*N**2*h)/(2*math.pi)*math.log(b/a)\n",
-    "print(\"Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is %.7f\"%L)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.2 Time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is 1.1552453\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=50 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=30 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "t0=math.log(2)*(L/R)\n",
-    "print(\"Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is %.7f\"%t0)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.3 Maximum Current and Energy stored"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum current in amp is 5.0\n",
-      "Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is 62.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=5 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "V=100 #emf in volts\n",
-    "R=20 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "i=V/R\n",
-    "print(\"Maximum current in amp is\",i)\n",
-    "U=(L*i**2)/2\n",
-    "print(\"Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is %.1f\"%U)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.4 Rate at which energy is stored and delivered and appeared"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is 0.5689085\n",
-      "The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is 0.3596188\n",
-      "Let D=di/dt\n",
-      "The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is 0.2092897\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=3 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=10 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "V=3 #emf in volts\n",
-    "t=0.30 #in sec\n",
-    "T=0.30 #inductive time constant in sec\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "i=(V/R)*(1-math.exp(-t/T))\n",
-    "P1=V*i\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is %.7f\"%P1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "P2=i**2*R\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is %.7f\"%P2)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "print(\"Let D=di/dt\")\n",
-    "D=(V/L)*math.exp(-t/T) #in amp/sec\n",
-    "P3=L*i*D\n",
-    "print(\"The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is %.7f\"%P3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.6 Energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is 0.0000445\n",
-      "(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is 397.887\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "E=10**5 #elelctric field in volts/meter\n",
-    "B=1 #magnetic field in weber/meter2\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "a=0.1 #side of the cube in meter\n",
-    "V0=a**3 #volume of the cube in meter3\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "U1=epsilon0*E**2*V0/2 #in elelctric field\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is %.7f\"%U1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "U2=(B**2/(2*u0))*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is %.3f\"%U2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_jsDJxKP.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_jsDJxKP.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 21e23dc9..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_jsDJxKP.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 30 CAPACITORS AND DIELECTRICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.1 Plate area"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Plate area in square meter is 1.130e+08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "C=1.0 #capacitance in farad\n",
-    "d=1.0*10**-3 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=d*C/epsilon0\n",
-    "print(\"Plate area in square meter is %.3e\"%A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.5 To calculate Capacitance Free charge Electric field strength Potential diffrence between plates"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is 8.850e-12\n",
-      "(b)Free charge in coul is 8.850e-10\n",
-      "(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is 10000\n",
-      "(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is 1428.5714\n",
-      "(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is 57.1429\n",
-      "(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is 1.549e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "b=5*10**-3 #thickness of dielectric lab in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "C0=epsilon0*A/d\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Capacitance before the slab is inserted in farad is %.3e\"%C0)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "q=C0*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Free charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "E0=q/(epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(c)Electric field strength in the gap in volts/meter is %d\"%E0)\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "E=q/(k*epsilon0*A)\n",
-    "print(\"(d)Electric field strength in the dielectric in volts/meter is %.4f\"%E)\n",
-    "#(e)\n",
-    "#Refer to fig30-12\n",
-    "V=E0*(d-b)+E*b\n",
-    "print(\"(e)Potential difference between the plates in volts is %.4f\"%V)\n",
-    "#(f)\n",
-    "C=q/V\n",
-    "print(\"(f)Capacitance with the slab in place in farads is %.3e\"%C)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.6 To calculate Electric displacement and Electric polarisation in dielectric and air gap"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is 8.859e-08\n",
-      "Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is 7.593e-08\n",
-      "(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is 8.850e-08\n",
-      "Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is 0.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "A=100*10**-4#area of the plate in square meter\n",
-    "d=1*10**-2 #separation b/w plates in meter\n",
-    "V0=100#in volts\n",
-    "E0=1*10**4 #Electric field in the air gap in volts/meter\n",
-    "k=7\n",
-    "k0=1\n",
-    "E=1.43*10**3 #in volts/metre\n",
-    "D=k*E*epsilon0\n",
-    "P=epsilon0*(k-1)*E\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Electric displacement in dielectric in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in dielectric in coul/square meter is %.3e\"%P)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "D0=k0*epsilon0*E0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Electric displacement in air gap in coul/square metre is %.3e\"%D0)\n",
-    "P0=epsilon0*(k0-1)*E0\n",
-    "print(\"Electric polarisation in air gap in coul/square meter is\",P0)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_jyE0OmR.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_jyE0OmR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b7da278..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_jyE0OmR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,183 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 27 THE ELECTRIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.1 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\n",
-      "electric field strength in nt/coul is 5.574e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "g=9.8 #acceleration due to gravity in m/s\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge of electron in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\")\n",
-    "E=m*g/q\n",
-    "print(\"electric field strength in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.4 The point on the line joining two charges for the electric field strength to be zero"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\n",
-      "E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\n",
-      "Electric field strength is zero at x=4.142 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=2.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "l=10 #sepearation b/w q1 and q2 in cm\n",
-    "print(\"For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\")\n",
-    "#\"Refer to the fig 27.9\"\n",
-    "#E1=electric fied strength due to q1\n",
-    "#E2=electric fied strength due to q2\n",
-    "print(\"E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\")\n",
-    "x=l/(1+math.sqrt(q2/q1))\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength is zero at x=%.3f cm\"%x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.9 Deflection of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding deflection in meters is 0.000337\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "E=1.2*10**4 #electric field in nt/coul\n",
-    "x=1.5*10**-2 #length of deflecting assembly in m\n",
-    "K0=3.2*10**-16 #kinetic energy of electron in joule\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "y=e*E*x**2/(4*K0)\n",
-    "print(\"Corresponding deflection in meters is %.6f\"%y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.11 Torque and work done by external agent on electric dipole"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\n",
-      "0.002\n",
-      "(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \n",
-      "0.004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-6 #magnitude of two opposite charges of a electric dipole in coul\n",
-    "d=2.0*10**-2 #seperation b/w charges in m\n",
-    "E=1.0*10**5 #external field in nt/coul\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#(a)Max torque if found when theta=90 degrees\n",
-    "#Torque =pEsin(theta)\n",
-    "p=q*d #electric dipole moment\n",
-    "T=p*E*math.sin(math.pi/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\")\n",
-    "print(T)\n",
-    "#(b)work done by the external agent is the potential energy b/w the positions theta=180 and 0 degree\n",
-    "W=(-p*E*math.cos(math.pi))-(-p*E*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \")\n",
-    "print(W)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ktswPb3.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ktswPb3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b7da278..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ktswPb3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,183 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 27 THE ELECTRIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.1 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\n",
-      "electric field strength in nt/coul is 5.574e-11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "g=9.8 #acceleration due to gravity in m/s\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge of electron in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength E=F/q where F=mg\")\n",
-    "E=m*g/q\n",
-    "print(\"electric field strength in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 27.4 The point on the line joining two charges for the electric field strength to be zero"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\n",
-      "E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\n",
-      "Electric field strength is zero at x=4.142 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=2.0*10**-6 #in coul\n",
-    "l=10 #sepearation b/w q1 and q2 in cm\n",
-    "print(\"For the electric field strength to be zero the point should lie between the charges where E1=E2\")\n",
-    "#\"Refer to the fig 27.9\"\n",
-    "#E1=electric fied strength due to q1\n",
-    "#E2=electric fied strength due to q2\n",
-    "print(\"E1=E2 which implies q1/4πϵx2 = q2/4πϵ(l-x)2\")\n",
-    "x=l/(1+math.sqrt(q2/q1))\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength is zero at x=%.3f cm\"%x)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.9 Deflection of electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Corresponding deflection in meters is 0.000337\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "E=1.2*10**4 #electric field in nt/coul\n",
-    "x=1.5*10**-2 #length of deflecting assembly in m\n",
-    "K0=3.2*10**-16 #kinetic energy of electron in joule\n",
-    "#calculation\n",
-    "y=e*E*x**2/(4*K0)\n",
-    "print(\"Corresponding deflection in meters is %.6f\"%y)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "##  Example 27.11 Torque and work done by external agent on electric dipole"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\n",
-      "0.002\n",
-      "(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \n",
-      "0.004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-6 #magnitude of two opposite charges of a electric dipole in coul\n",
-    "d=2.0*10**-2 #seperation b/w charges in m\n",
-    "E=1.0*10**5 #external field in nt/coul\n",
-    "#calculations\n",
-    "#(a)Max torque if found when theta=90 degrees\n",
-    "#Torque =pEsin(theta)\n",
-    "p=q*d #electric dipole moment\n",
-    "T=p*E*math.sin(math.pi/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Maximum torque exerted by the fied in nt-m is\")\n",
-    "print(T)\n",
-    "#(b)work done by the external agent is the potential energy b/w the positions theta=180 and 0 degree\n",
-    "W=(-p*E*math.cos(math.pi))-(-p*E*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Work done by the external agent to turn dipole end for end in joule is \")\n",
-    "print(W)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_l0DVFDN.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_l0DVFDN.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4651a1a4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_l0DVFDN.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 44 DIFFRACTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.1 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a in A=13000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=6500 #in A\n",
-    "a=(m*lamda)/math.sin(30*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"a in A=%d\"%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.2 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Wavelength in A = 4333.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=6500\n",
-    "lambda_1=lamda/1.5\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A = %.3f\"%lambda_1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.5 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.06990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2  #meters\n",
-    "byd=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*byd)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.5f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.7 Delta Y"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) D in m= 0.00240\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=480*10**-9 #in m\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "D=50*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "a=0.02*10**-3\n",
-    "delta_y=(lamda*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"(A) D in m= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_lhKq0fF.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_lhKq0fF.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 904b1c32..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_lhKq0fF.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 31 CURRENT AND RESISTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.1 Current density"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches 1273.240\n",
-      "Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches 3108.495\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=0.10 #diameter of aluminium wire in inches\n",
-    "d2=0.064 #diameter of copper wire in inches\n",
-    "i=10 #current carried by composite wire in amperes\n",
-    "A1=math.pi*(d1/2)**2 #crosssectional area of aluminium wire in square inches\n",
-    "A2=math.pi*(d2/2)**2 #crosssectional area of copper wire in square inches\n",
-    "j1=i/A1\n",
-    "j2=i/A2\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j1)\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.2 Drift speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole 8.438e+22\n",
-      "Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is 0.03556\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "j=480 #current density for copper wire in amp/cm2\n",
-    "N0=6*10**23 #avagadro number in atoms/mole\n",
-    "M=64 #molecular wt in gm/mole\n",
-    "d=9.0 #density in gm/cm3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #elecron charge in coul\n",
-    "n=d*N0/M \n",
-    "print(\"No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole %.3e\"%n)\n",
-    "Vd=j/(n*e)\n",
-    "print(\"Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is %.5f\"%Vd)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.3 Resistance and resistivity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is 0.175\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is 7.0e-05\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\")\n",
-    "l=1.0*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "b=1.0*10**-2#in meter\n",
-    "h=50*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "p=3.5*10**-5 #resisivity of carbon in ohm-m\n",
-    "#(a)Resistance b/w two square ends\n",
-    "l1=h\n",
-    "A1=b*l\n",
-    "R1=p*l1/A1\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is %.3f\"%R1)\n",
-    "l2=l\n",
-    "A2=b*h\n",
-    "R2=p*l2/A2\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is %.1e\"%R2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.4 Mean time and Mean free path"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is 4.979e-14\n",
-      "(b) Mean free path in cm is 0.000008\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #in kg\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-1\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "p=1.7*10**-8 #in ohm-m\n",
-    "v=1.6*10**8 #in cm/sec\n",
-    "T=2*m/(n*p*e**2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is %.3e\"%T)\n",
-    "Lambda=T*v\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Mean free path in cm is %f\"%Lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.5 Power"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Power for the single coil in watts is 504.167\n",
-      "(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is 1008.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=110 #in volt\n",
-    "R=24 #ohms\n",
-    "P1=V**2/R\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Power for the single coil in watts is %.3f\"%P1)\n",
-    "P2=V**2/(R/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is %.3f\"%P2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_m2RHxZQ.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_m2RHxZQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b328a6e6..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_m2RHxZQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 39 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 39.6 Magnitude of electric and magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of E in volts/meter= 244.94897\n",
-      "B in weber/meter^2= 0.00000082\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=1  #in m\n",
-    "p=10**3 \n",
-    "m=4*math.pi*10**-7 #weber/amp-m\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #speed of light\n",
-    "x=2*math.pi\n",
-    "E_m=(1/r)*(math.sqrt((p*m*c)/x))\n",
-    "print(\"The value of E in volts/meter= %.5f\"%E_m)\n",
-    "B=E_m/c\n",
-    "print(\"B in weber/meter^2= %.8f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_m7Qc24V.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_m7Qc24V.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cd850cd0..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_m7Qc24V.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 46 POLARIZATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.1 Calculation of theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polarization angle theta= 135.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.acos(1/math.sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "theta=180-theta\n",
-    "print(\"Polarization angle theta=\",theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.2 Angle of refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Theta_p in degrees=56.30993\n",
-      "Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=33.69007\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_p= math.degrees(math.atan(1.5))\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_p in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_p)\n",
-    "sin_theta_r= (math.sin(theta_p*math.pi/180))/1.5\n",
-    "theta_r=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta_r))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_r)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.3 Thickness of slab"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Value of x in m= 163611.111111113\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "n_e=1.553\n",
-    "n_o=1.544\n",
-    "s=(n_e)-(n_o)\n",
-    "x=(lamda)/(4*s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"The Value of x in m=\",x)\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_n4gN723.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_n4gN723.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6ff195c5..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_n4gN723.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,185 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 37 MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.2 Orbital dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is 9.061e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "p=((e**2)/4)*math.sqrt(r/(math.pi*epsilon0*m))\n",
-    "print(\"Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.4 Change in magnetic moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - 3.659e-29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31  #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "B=2 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "delta_p=(e**2*B*r**2)/(4*m)\n",
-    "print(\"Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - %.3e\"%delta_p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.5 Precession frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is 21020464.18\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=1.4*10**-26 #in amp-m2\n",
-    "B=0.50 #wb/m2\n",
-    "Lp=0.53*10**-34 #in joule-sec\n",
-    "fp=u*B/(2*math.pi*Lp)\n",
-    "print(\"Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is %.2f\"%fp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.6 Magnetic field strength Magnetisation Effective magnetising current and Permeability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is', 2000)\n",
-      "(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\n",
-      " Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m 793774.72\n",
-      "(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\n",
-      " Effective magnetizing current in amp is 793.77472\n",
-      "(D) Permeability 397.88736\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=10*10**2 #turns/m\n",
-    "i=2 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.0 #in wb/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in wb/amp-m\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "H=n*i\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is\",H)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "M=(B-u0*H)/u0\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\")\n",
-    "print(\" Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m %.2f\"%M)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\")\n",
-    "i=M/n\n",
-    "print(\" Effective magnetizing current in amp is %.5f\"%i)\n",
-    "#D\n",
-    "Km=B/(u0*H)\n",
-    "print(\"(D) Permeability %.5f\"%Km)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nCBI46r.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nCBI46r.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 34883c4a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nCBI46r.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 35 FARADAYS LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.1 Induced EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0376991\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000118\n",
-      "Induced EMF in volts is -0.0473741\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "r=3*10**-2 #radius of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=200*10**2 #number of turns in solenoid per meter\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i=1.5 #current in amp\n",
-    "N=100 #no.of turns in a close packed coil placed at the center of solenoid\n",
-    "d=2*10**-2 #diameter of coil in meter\n",
-    "delta_T=0.050 #in sec\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)\n",
-    "delta_Q=Q-(-Q)\n",
-    "E=-(N*delta_Q/delta_T)\n",
-    "print(\"Induced EMF in volts is %.7f\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.7 Induced electric field and EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\n",
-      "(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z 2.0\n",
-      "(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is 0.2\n",
-      "Induced emf in volt observed by Z is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "B=2 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "l=10*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "v=1.0 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\")\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "E=v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z\",E)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "F=q*v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is %.1e\"%F)\n",
-    "F1=q*E\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is %.1e\"%F1)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "emf1=B*l*v\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is\",emf1)\n",
-    "emf2=E*l\n",
-    "print(\"Induced emf in volt observed by Z is\",emf2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nHWGDuY.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nHWGDuY.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 047fa477..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nHWGDuY.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 33 THE MAGNETIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.1 Force acting on a proton"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of the proton in meters/sec is 30678599.55\n",
-      "Force acting on proton in nt is 7.363e-12\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "K=5*10**6 #ev\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "K1=K*e #in joules\n",
-    "m=1.7*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "B=1.5 #wb/m\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(2*K1/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of the proton in meters/sec is %.2f\"%v)\n",
-    "F=e*v*B*math.sin(theta)\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on proton in nt is %.3e\"%F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.3 Torsional constant of the spring"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is 3.333e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "N=250 #turns in coil\n",
-    "i=1.0*10**-4 #in amp\n",
-    "B=0.2 #wb/m2\n",
-    "h=2*10**-2  #coil height in m\n",
-    "w=1.0*10**-2 #width of coil in m\n",
-    "Q=30 #angular deflectin in degrees\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "A=h*w\n",
-    "k=N*i*A*B*math.sin(theta)/Q\n",
-    "print(\"Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is %.3e\"%k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.4 Work done"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is  0.23561944901923454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "N=100 #turns in circular coil\n",
-    "i=0.10 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #radius of coil in meter\n",
-    "u=N*i*math.pi*(a**2) #u is dipole moment\n",
-    "U1=(-u*B*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "U2=-u*B*math.cos(math.pi)\n",
-    "W=U2-U1\n",
-    "print(\"Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is \",W)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.5 Hall potential difference"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is 2.232142857142857e-05 or 0.0000223\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "i=200 #current in the strip in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "h=1.0*10**-3 #thickness of copper strip in metre\n",
-    "w=2*10**-2 #width of copper strip in meter\n",
-    "Vxy=i*B/(n*e*h)\n",
-    "print(\"Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is\",Vxy,\"or\",\"%.7f\"%Vxy)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.6 Orbital radius Cyclotron frequency and Period of revolution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Orbit radius in meter is 0.1080625\n",
-      "(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is 2798328.7\n",
-      "(C)  Period of revolution in sec is 0.0000004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 # in kg\n",
-    "v=1.9*10**6 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "B=1.0*10**-4 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "r=m*v/(q*B)\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Orbit radius in meter is %.7f\"%r)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "f=q*B/(2*math.pi*m)\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is %.1f\"%f)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "T=1/f\n",
-    "print(\"(C)  Period of revolution in sec is %.7f\"%T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.7 Magnetic induction and Deuteron energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is 1.5550883635269475\n",
-      "(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is 2.669e-12\n",
-      " Deuteron energy in ev is 16679852\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "f0=12*10**6 #cyclotron frequency in cycles/sec\n",
-    "r=21#dee radius in inches\n",
-    "R=r*0.0254 #dee radius in meter\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "m=3.3*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=2*math.pi*f0*m/q\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is\",B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "K=((q**2*B**2*R**2)/(2*m))\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is %.3e\"%K)\n",
-    "K1=K*(1/(1.6*10**-19))\n",
-    "print(\" Deuteron energy in ev is %d\"%K1)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nR6dR6C.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nR6dR6C.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0209a02b..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nR6dR6C.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,184 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 42 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION SPHERICAL WAVES AND SPHERICAL SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.4 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "x= 0.05\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= 40.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=1\n",
-    "n2=2\n",
-    "o=20 #in cm\n",
-    "r=10 #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=\",x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm=\",i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.5 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=n2/i\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -0.03333\n",
-      "The value of i in cm= -30\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "n1=2\n",
-    "n2=1\n",
-    "o=15   #in cm\n",
-    "r=-10  #in cm\n",
-    "print(\"x=n2/i\")\n",
-    "x=((n2-n1)/r)-(n1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=n2/x\n",
-    "print(\"The value of i in cm= %d\"%i)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.7 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/f in cm= 0.0325\n",
-      "f=1/x\n",
-      "f in cm= 30.76923\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "n=1.65\n",
-    "r_1=40   #in cm\n",
-    "r_2=-40  #in cm\n",
-    "x=(n-1)*((1/r_1)-(1/r_2))\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/f in cm= %.4f\"%x)\n",
-    "print(\"f=1/x\")\n",
-    "f=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"f in cm= %.5f\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 42.8 Location of image"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "x=1/i in cm= -0.06944\n",
-      "i in cm= -14.4\n",
-      "Lateral magnification =\n",
-      "m= 1.6\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "o=9  #in cm\n",
-    "f=24 #in cm\n",
-    "x=(1/f)-(1/o)\n",
-    "print(\"x=1/i in cm= %.5f\"%x)\n",
-    "i=1/x\n",
-    "print(\"i in cm= %.1f\"%i)\n",
-    "print(\"Lateral magnification =\")\n",
-    "m=-(i/o)\n",
-    "print('m= %.1f'%m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_naWaV0X.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_naWaV0X.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 381ec056..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_naWaV0X.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,195 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 38 ELECTROMAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.1 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Max current in amps  0.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V_o=50 #in volts\n",
-    "C=1*10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "L=10*10**-3\n",
-    "i_m=V_o*(math.sqrt(C/L))\n",
-    "print(\"Max current in amps \",i_m)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.2 Angular frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=(10)**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.3 Angular frequency and time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular frequency in radians/sec= 10000.0\n",
-      "Time in sec= 0.13863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=10*(10**-3) #in henry\n",
-    "C=10**-6 #in farad\n",
-    "R=0.1 #in ohm\n",
-    "w=math.sqrt(1/(L*C))\n",
-    "print(\"Angular frequency in radians/sec=\",w)\n",
-    "t=(2*L*math.log(2))/R\n",
-    "print(\"Time in sec= %.5f\"%t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.5 Magnetic field"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field in weber/m**2= 0.0000003\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "B=(0.5*m_0*e_0*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field in weber/m**2= %.7f\"%B)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 38.6 Calculation of current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.0699004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2 #meters\n",
-    "dEbydT=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*dEbydT)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.7f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nfECUYk.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nfECUYk.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d8f167d7..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nfECUYk.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 37 MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATTER"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.2 Orbital dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is 9.061e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "p=((e**2)/4)*math.sqrt(r/(math.pi*epsilon0*m))\n",
-    "print(\"Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.4 Change in magnetic moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - 3.659e-29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "r=5.1*10**-11 #radius of hydrogen atom in meter\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31  #mass of electron in kg\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "B=2 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "delta_p=(e**2*B*r**2)/(4*m)\n",
-    "print(\"Change in Orbital dipole moment in amp-m2 is + 0r - %.3e\"%delta_p)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.5 Precession frequency"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is 21020464.18\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "u=1.4*10**-26 #in amp-m2\n",
-    "B=0.50 #wb/m2\n",
-    "Lp=0.53*10**-34 #in joule-sec\n",
-    "fp=u*B/(2*math.pi*Lp)\n",
-    "print(\"Precession frequency of phoyon in given magnetic field in cps is %.2f\"%fp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 37.6 Magnetic field strength Magnetisation Effective magnetising current and Permeability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is 2000\n",
-      "(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\n",
-      " Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m 793774.72\n",
-      "(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\n",
-      " Effective magnetizing current in amp is 793.77472\n",
-      "(D) Permeability 397.88736\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=10*10**2 #turns/m\n",
-    "i=2 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.0 #in wb/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in wb/amp-m\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "H=n*i\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Magnetic field strength in amp/m is\",H)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "M=(B-u0*H)/u0\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Magnetisation is Zero when core is removed\")\n",
-    "print(\" Magnetisation when the core is replaced in amp/m %.2f\"%M)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Effective magnetizing current i=i(M,0)=M*(2*math.pi*r0/N0)=M/n\")\n",
-    "i=M/n\n",
-    "print(\" Effective magnetizing current in amp is %.5f\"%i)\n",
-    "#D\n",
-    "Km=B/(u0*H)\n",
-    "print(\"(D) Permeability %.5f\"%Km)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nq61Omj.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nq61Omj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 76a625a1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_nq61Omj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 40 NATURE AND PROPOGATION OF LIGHT"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.1 Force and energy reflected"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule= 36000.0\n",
-      "Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= 0.00024\n",
-      "(B) Force in newton= 6.667e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "u=(10)*(1.0)*3600  #in Joules\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "t=3600 #in sec\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule=\",u)\n",
-    "p=(2*u)/c\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= %.5f\"%p)\n",
-    "f=p/t\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force in newton= %.3e\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.2 Angular speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular speed in rev/sec= 12.07030\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "theta=1/1440\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "l=8630 #in m\n",
-    "w=(c*theta)/(2*l)\n",
-    "print(\"Angular speed in rev/sec= %.5f\"%w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.3 Calculation of c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Lambda_g in cm= 3.9\n",
-      "Value of c in m/sec= 2.992e+10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "l=15.6 #in cm\n",
-    "n=8\n",
-    "lambda_g=(2*l)/n\n",
-    "print(\"Lambda_g in cm=\",lambda_g)\n",
-    "lamda=3.15  #in cm\n",
-    "f=9.5*10**9 #cycles/sec\n",
-    "c=lamda*f\n",
-    "print(\"Value of c in m/sec= %.3e\"%c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.4 Percentage error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of light in miles/hour= 50000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "v_1=25000 #miles/hr\n",
-    "u=25000   #miles/hr\n",
-    "c=6.7*10**8 #miles/hr\n",
-    "x=1+((v_1*u)/(c)**2)\n",
-    "v=(v_1+u)/x\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of light in miles/hour= %.0f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_oRPLRB9.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_oRPLRB9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 75c9e144..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_oRPLRB9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 44 DIFFRACTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.1 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a in A=13000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=6500 #in A\n",
-    "a=(m*lamda)/math.sin(30*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"a in A=%d\"%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.2 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Wavelength in A = 4333.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "lamda=6500\n",
-    "lambda_1=lamda/1.5\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A = %.3f\"%lambda_1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.5 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.06990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2  #meters\n",
-    "byd=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*byd)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.5f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.7 Delta Y"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) D in m= 0.00240\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "lamda=480*10**-9 #in m\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "D=50*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "a=0.02*10**-3\n",
-    "delta_y=(lamda*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"(A) D in m= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_oSlKePW.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_oSlKePW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 047fa477..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_oSlKePW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 33 THE MAGNETIC FIELD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.1 Force acting on a proton"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of the proton in meters/sec is 30678599.55\n",
-      "Force acting on proton in nt is 7.363e-12\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "K=5*10**6 #ev\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "K1=K*e #in joules\n",
-    "m=1.7*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "B=1.5 #wb/m\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(2*K1/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of the proton in meters/sec is %.2f\"%v)\n",
-    "F=e*v*B*math.sin(theta)\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on proton in nt is %.3e\"%F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.3 Torsional constant of the spring"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is 3.333e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "N=250 #turns in coil\n",
-    "i=1.0*10**-4 #in amp\n",
-    "B=0.2 #wb/m2\n",
-    "h=2*10**-2  #coil height in m\n",
-    "w=1.0*10**-2 #width of coil in m\n",
-    "Q=30 #angular deflectin in degrees\n",
-    "theta=math.pi/2\n",
-    "A=h*w\n",
-    "k=N*i*A*B*math.sin(theta)/Q\n",
-    "print(\"Torssional constant in nt-m/deg is %.3e\"%k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.4 Work done"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is  0.23561944901923454\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "N=100 #turns in circular coil\n",
-    "i=0.10 #in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #radius of coil in meter\n",
-    "u=N*i*math.pi*(a**2) #u is dipole moment\n",
-    "U1=(-u*B*math.cos(0))\n",
-    "U2=-u*B*math.cos(math.pi)\n",
-    "W=U2-U1\n",
-    "print(\"Work required to turn current in an  external magnetic field from theta=0 to theta=180 degree in joule is \",W)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.5 Hall potential difference"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is 2.232142857142857e-05 or 0.0000223\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "i=200 #current in the strip in amp\n",
-    "B=1.5 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "h=1.0*10**-3 #thickness of copper strip in metre\n",
-    "w=2*10**-2 #width of copper strip in meter\n",
-    "Vxy=i*B/(n*e*h)\n",
-    "print(\"Hall potential difference aross strip in volt is\",Vxy,\"or\",\"%.7f\"%Vxy)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.6 Orbital radius Cyclotron frequency and Period of revolution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Orbit radius in meter is 0.1080625\n",
-      "(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is 2798328.7\n",
-      "(C)  Period of revolution in sec is 0.0000004\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 # in kg\n",
-    "v=1.9*10**6 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "B=1.0*10**-4 #in wb/m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "r=m*v/(q*B)\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Orbit radius in meter is %.7f\"%r)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "f=q*B/(2*math.pi*m)\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Cyclotron frequency in rev/sec is %.1f\"%f)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "T=1/f\n",
-    "print(\"(C)  Period of revolution in sec is %.7f\"%T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 33.7 Magnetic induction and Deuteron energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is 1.5550883635269475\n",
-      "(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is 2.669e-12\n",
-      " Deuteron energy in ev is 16679852\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "f0=12*10**6 #cyclotron frequency in cycles/sec\n",
-    "r=21#dee radius in inches\n",
-    "R=r*0.0254 #dee radius in meter\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "m=3.3*10**-27 #in kg\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=2*math.pi*f0*m/q\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic induction needed to accelerate deuterons in wb/m2 is\",B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "K=((q**2*B**2*R**2)/(2*m))\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Deuteron energy in joule is %.3e\"%K)\n",
-    "K1=K*(1/(1.6*10**-19))\n",
-    "print(\" Deuteron energy in ev is %d\"%K1)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_oZwf58k.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_oZwf58k.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bbb0a1a8..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_oZwf58k.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,225 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 31 CURRENT AND RESISTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.1 Current density"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches 1273.240\n",
-      "Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches 3108.495\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "d1=0.10 #diameter of aluminium wire in inches\n",
-    "d2=0.064 #diameter of copper wire in inches\n",
-    "i=10 #current carried by composite wire in amperes\n",
-    "A1=math.pi*(d1/2)**2 #crosssectional area of aluminium wire in square inches\n",
-    "A2=math.pi*(d2/2)**2 #crosssectional area of copper wire in square inches\n",
-    "j1=i/A1\n",
-    "j2=i/A2\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j1)\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.2 Drift speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole 8.438e+22\n",
-      "Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is 0.03556\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "j=480 #current density for copper wire in amp/cm2\n",
-    "N0=6*10**23 #avagadro number in atoms/mole\n",
-    "M=64 #molecular wt in gm/mole\n",
-    "d=9.0 #density in gm/cm3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #elecron charge in coul\n",
-    "n=d*N0/M \n",
-    "print(\"No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole %.3e\"%n)\n",
-    "Vd=j/(n*e)\n",
-    "print(\"Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is %.5f\"%Vd)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.3 Resistance and resistivity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is 0.175\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is 7.0e-05\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "print(\"Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\")\n",
-    "l=1.0*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "b=1.0*10**-2#in meter\n",
-    "h=50*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "p=3.5*10**-5 #resisivity of carbon in ohm-m\n",
-    "#(a)Resistance b/w two square ends\n",
-    "l1=h\n",
-    "A1=b*l\n",
-    "R1=p*l1/A1\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is %.3f\"%R1)\n",
-    "l2=l\n",
-    "A2=b*h\n",
-    "R2=p*l2/A2\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is %.1e\"%R2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.4 Mean time and Mean free path"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is 4.979e-14\n",
-      "(b) Mean free path in cm is 0.000008\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #in kg\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-1\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "p=1.7*10**-8 #in ohm-m\n",
-    "v=1.6*10**8 #in cm/sec\n",
-    "T=2*m/(n*p*e**2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is %.3e\"%T)\n",
-    "Lambda=T*v\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Mean free path in cm is %f\"%Lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.5 Power"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Power for the single coil in watts is 504.167\n",
-      "(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is 1008.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=110 #in volt\n",
-    "R=24 #ohms\n",
-    "P1=V**2/R\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Power for the single coil in watts is %.3f\"%P1)\n",
-    "P2=V**2/(R/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is %.3f\"%P2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ocmC4MO.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ocmC4MO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cb1bffb7..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ocmC4MO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,225 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 36 INDUCTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.1 Inductance of a toroid"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is 0.0013863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "N=10**3 #no.of turns\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #im meter\n",
-    "b=10*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "h=1*10**-2 #in metre\n",
-    "L=(u0*N**2*h)/(2*math.pi)*math.log(b/a)\n",
-    "print(\"Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is %.7f\"%L)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.2 Time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is 1.1552453\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=50 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=30 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "t0=math.log(2)*(L/R)\n",
-    "print(\"Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is %.7f\"%t0)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.3 Maximum Current and Energy stored"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum current in amp is 5.0\n",
-      "Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is 62.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "L=5 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "V=100 #emf in volts\n",
-    "R=20 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "i=V/R\n",
-    "print(\"Maximum current in amp is\",i)\n",
-    "U=(L*i**2)/2\n",
-    "print(\"Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is %.1f\"%U)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.4 Rate at which energy is stored and delivered and appeared"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is 0.5689085\n",
-      "The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is 0.3596188\n",
-      "Let D=di/dt\n",
-      "The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is 0.2092897\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=3 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=10 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "V=3 #emf in volts\n",
-    "t=0.30 #in sec\n",
-    "T=0.30 #inductive time constant in sec\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "i=(V/R)*(1-math.exp(-t/T))\n",
-    "P1=V*i\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is %.7f\"%P1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "P2=i**2*R\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is %.7f\"%P2)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "print(\"Let D=di/dt\")\n",
-    "D=(V/L)*math.exp(-t/T) #in amp/sec\n",
-    "P3=L*i*D\n",
-    "print(\"The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is %.7f\"%P3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.6 Energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is 0.0000445\n",
-      "(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is 397.887\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "E=10**5 #elelctric field in volts/meter\n",
-    "B=1 #magnetic field in weber/meter2\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "a=0.1 #side of the cube in meter\n",
-    "V0=a**3 #volume of the cube in meter3\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "U1=epsilon0*E**2*V0/2 #in elelctric field\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is %.7f\"%U1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "U2=(B**2/(2*u0))*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is %.3f\"%U2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_okauj8T.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_okauj8T.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d197d07e..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_okauj8T.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.3 Magnitude of an isolated positive point charge"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\n",
-      "Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is 1.112e-09\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V=100 #electric potential in volts\n",
-    "r=10*10**-2 #in meters\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\")\n",
-    "q=V*4*math.pi*epsilon0*r\n",
-    "print(\"Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.4 Electric potential at the surface of a gold nucleus"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is 17220668\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=6.6*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "V=q/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is %d\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.5 Potential at the center of the square"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential at the center of the square in volts is 508.65\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=-2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q3=3.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q4=2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "a=1 #side of square in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "#refer to the fig 29.7\n",
-    "r=a/math.sqrt(2) #distance of charges from centre in meter\n",
-    "V=(q1+q2+q3+q4)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Potential at the center of the square in volts is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.8 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is 3.837e-14\n",
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is 239781.46\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r=6.0*10**-15 #seperation b/w two protons in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "U=(q1*q2)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is %.3e\"%U)\n",
-    "V=U/q1\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.9 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \n",
-      "Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is -0.008991804694457362\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-7 #charge in coul\n",
-    "a=10*10**-2 #side of triangle in meter\n",
-    "q1=q\n",
-    "q2=-4*q\n",
-    "q3=2*q\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \")\n",
-    "U=(1/(4*math.pi*epsilon0))*(((q1*q2)/a)+((q1*q3)/a)+((q2*q3)/a))\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is\",U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_pG48gQ4.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_pG48gQ4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 412d8eb1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_pG48gQ4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 28 GAUSS'S LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.3 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 1.138e+13\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=1*10**-10 #radius of the atom in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.4 Electric field strength at the nuclear surface"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 2.389e+21\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=6.9*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_puMH42p.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_puMH42p.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2da66d96..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_puMH42p.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 34 AMPERES LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.3 Distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation between two wires in metres 0.0054795\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "i1=100 #in amp\n",
-    "i2=20 #in amp\n",
-    "W=0.073 #weight of second wire W=F/l in nt/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "d=u0*i1*i2/(2*math.pi*W)\n",
-    "print(\"Separation between two wires in metres %.7f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.5 Magnetic field and Magnetic flux"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0267035\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000189\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "d=3*10**-2 #diameter of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=5*850 #number of layers and turns of wire\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i0=5.0 #current in amp\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i0*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.9 Magnetic field and Magnetic dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 13.404\n",
-      "(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is 8.890e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "R=5.1*10**-11 #radius of th enucleus in meter\n",
-    "f=6.8*10**15 #frequency with which elecron circulates in rev/sec\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "x=0 #x is any point on the orbit, since at center x=0\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "i=e*f\n",
-    "B=u0*i*R**2*0.5/((R**2+x**2)**(3/2))\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 %.3f\"%B)\n",
-    "N=1 #no.of turns\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2\n",
-    "U=N*i*A\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_qKtFmfh.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_qKtFmfh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cd850cd0..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_qKtFmfh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 46 POLARIZATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.1 Calculation of theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polarization angle theta= 135.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.acos(1/math.sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "theta=180-theta\n",
-    "print(\"Polarization angle theta=\",theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.2 Angle of refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Theta_p in degrees=56.30993\n",
-      "Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=33.69007\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_p= math.degrees(math.atan(1.5))\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_p in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_p)\n",
-    "sin_theta_r= (math.sin(theta_p*math.pi/180))/1.5\n",
-    "theta_r=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta_r))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_r)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.3 Thickness of slab"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Value of x in m= 163611.111111113\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "n_e=1.553\n",
-    "n_o=1.544\n",
-    "s=(n_e)-(n_o)\n",
-    "x=(lamda)/(4*s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"The Value of x in m=\",x)\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_qSBPW0G.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_qSBPW0G.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ee009cd1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_qSBPW0G.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 36 INDUCTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.1 Inductance of a toroid"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is 0.0013863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "N=10**3 #no.of turns\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #im meter\n",
-    "b=10*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "h=1*10**-2 #in metre\n",
-    "L=(u0*N**2*h)/(2*math.pi)*math.log(b/a)\n",
-    "print(\"Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is %.7f\"%L)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.2 Time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is 1.1552453\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=50 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=30 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "t0=math.log(2)*(L/R)\n",
-    "print(\"Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is %.7f\"%t0)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.3 Maximum Current and Energy stored"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum current in amp is 5.0\n",
-      "Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is 62.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=5 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "V=100 #emf in volts\n",
-    "R=20 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "i=V/R\n",
-    "print(\"Maximum current in amp is\",i)\n",
-    "U=(L*i**2)/2\n",
-    "print(\"Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is %.1f\"%U)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.4 Rate at which energy is stored and delivered and appeared"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is 0.5689085\n",
-      "The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is 0.3596188\n",
-      "Let D=di/dt\n",
-      "The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is 0.2092897\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=3 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=10 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "V=3 #emf in volts\n",
-    "t=0.30 #in sec\n",
-    "T=0.30 #inductive time constant in sec\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "i=(V/R)*(1-math.exp(-t/T))\n",
-    "P1=V*i\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is %.7f\"%P1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "P2=i**2*R\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is %.7f\"%P2)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "print(\"Let D=di/dt\")\n",
-    "D=(V/L)*math.exp(-t/T) #in amp/sec\n",
-    "P3=L*i*D\n",
-    "print(\"The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is %.7f\"%P3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.6 Energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is 0.0000445\n",
-      "(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is 397.887\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "E=10**5 #elelctric field in volts/meter\n",
-    "B=1 #magnetic field in weber/meter2\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "a=0.1 #side of the cube in meter\n",
-    "V0=a**3 #volume of the cube in meter3\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "U1=epsilon0*E**2*V0/2 #in elelctric field\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is %.7f\"%U1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "U2=(B**2/(2*u0))*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is %.3f\"%U2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_qk1kbtW.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_qk1kbtW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7cae8043..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_qk1kbtW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,167 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 40 NATURE AND PROPOGATION OF LIGHT"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.1 Force and energy reflected"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule= 36000.0\n",
-      "Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= 0.00024\n",
-      "(B) Force in newton= 6.667e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "u=(10)*(1.0)*3600  #in Joules\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "t=3600 #in sec\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule=\",u)\n",
-    "p=(2*u)/c\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= %.5f\"%p)\n",
-    "f=p/t\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force in newton= %.3e\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.2 Angular speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular speed in rev/sec= 12.07030\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "theta=1/1440\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "l=8630 #in m\n",
-    "w=(c*theta)/(2*l)\n",
-    "print(\"Angular speed in rev/sec= %.5f\"%w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.3 Calculation of c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Lambda_g in cm= 3.9\n",
-      "Value of c in m/sec= 2.992e+10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "l=15.6 #in cm\n",
-    "n=8\n",
-    "lambda_g=(2*l)/n\n",
-    "print(\"Lambda_g in cm=\",lambda_g)\n",
-    "lamda=3.15  #in cm\n",
-    "f=9.5*10**9 #cycles/sec\n",
-    "c=lamda*f\n",
-    "print(\"Value of c in m/sec= %.3e\"%c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.4 Percentage error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of light in miles/hour= 50000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "v_1=25000 #miles/hr\n",
-    "u=25000   #miles/hr\n",
-    "c=6.7*10**8 #miles/hr\n",
-    "x=1+((v_1*u)/(c)**2)\n",
-    "v=(v_1+u)/x\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of light in miles/hour= %.0f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_rP0FHeX.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_rP0FHeX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 874d7845..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_rP0FHeX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,132 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 35 FARADAYS LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.1 Induced EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0376991\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000118\n",
-      "Induced EMF in volts is -0.0473741\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "r=3*10**-2 #radius of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=200*10**2 #number of turns in solenoid per meter\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i=1.5 #current in amp\n",
-    "N=100 #no.of turns in a close packed coil placed at the center of solenoid\n",
-    "d=2*10**-2 #diameter of coil in meter\n",
-    "delta_T=0.050 #in sec\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)\n",
-    "delta_Q=Q-(-Q)\n",
-    "E=-(N*delta_Q/delta_T)\n",
-    "print(\"Induced EMF in volts is %.7f\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.7 Induced electric field and EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\n",
-      "('(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z', 2.0)\n",
-      "(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "('(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is', 0.2)\n",
-      "('Induced emf in volt observed by Z is', 0.2)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "B=2 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "l=10*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "v=1.0 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\")\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "E=v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z\",E)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "F=q*v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is %.1e\"%F)\n",
-    "F1=q*E\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is %.1e\"%F1)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "emf1=B*l*v\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is\",emf1)\n",
-    "emf2=E*l\n",
-    "print(\"Induced emf in volt observed by Z is\",emf2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_rk3KbDl.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_rk3KbDl.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6cc02fdd..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_rk3KbDl.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 47 LIGHT AND QUANTUM PHYSICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.1 Velocity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in cycles/s 0.71176\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=20 #in nt/m\n",
-    "m=1  #in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=(math.sqrt((k)/(m)))*(1/(2*math.pi))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in cycles/s %.5f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.2 Time calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power in j-sec 1.000000e-23\n",
-      "('Time reqired in sec =', 80000.0)\n",
-      "Time required in hour 22.22224\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "P=(10**(-3))*(3*10**(-18))/(300)\n",
-    "print(\"Power in j-sec %e\"%P)\n",
-    "s=1.6*(10**(-19))\n",
-    "t=(5*s)/P\n",
-    "print(\"Time reqired in sec =\",t)\n",
-    "one_sec=0.000277778 #hr\n",
-    "in_hour=one_sec*t\n",
-    "print(\"Time required in hour %.5f\"%in_hour)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.3 Work function for sodium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 2.911e-19\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "h=6.63*10**(-34) #in joule/sec\n",
-    "v=4.39*10**(14) #cycles/sec\n",
-    "E_o=h*(v)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E_o)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.4 Kinetic energy to be imparten on recoiling electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "h=(6.63)*10**-34\n",
-    "m=9.11*10**-31\n",
-    "c=3*10**8\n",
-    "delta_h=(h/(m*c))*(1-math.cos(90))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Compton shift in meter %.3e\",delta_h)\n",
-    "delta=1*10**-10\n",
-    "k=(h*c*delta_h)/(delta*(delta+delta_h))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Kinetic energy in joules\",k)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_rkTIcxR.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_rkTIcxR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 904b1c32..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_rkTIcxR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 31 CURRENT AND RESISTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.1 Current density"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches 1273.240\n",
-      "Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches 3108.495\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=0.10 #diameter of aluminium wire in inches\n",
-    "d2=0.064 #diameter of copper wire in inches\n",
-    "i=10 #current carried by composite wire in amperes\n",
-    "A1=math.pi*(d1/2)**2 #crosssectional area of aluminium wire in square inches\n",
-    "A2=math.pi*(d2/2)**2 #crosssectional area of copper wire in square inches\n",
-    "j1=i/A1\n",
-    "j2=i/A2\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j1)\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.2 Drift speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole 8.438e+22\n",
-      "Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is 0.03556\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "j=480 #current density for copper wire in amp/cm2\n",
-    "N0=6*10**23 #avagadro number in atoms/mole\n",
-    "M=64 #molecular wt in gm/mole\n",
-    "d=9.0 #density in gm/cm3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #elecron charge in coul\n",
-    "n=d*N0/M \n",
-    "print(\"No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole %.3e\"%n)\n",
-    "Vd=j/(n*e)\n",
-    "print(\"Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is %.5f\"%Vd)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.3 Resistance and resistivity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is 0.175\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is 7.0e-05\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\")\n",
-    "l=1.0*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "b=1.0*10**-2#in meter\n",
-    "h=50*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "p=3.5*10**-5 #resisivity of carbon in ohm-m\n",
-    "#(a)Resistance b/w two square ends\n",
-    "l1=h\n",
-    "A1=b*l\n",
-    "R1=p*l1/A1\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is %.3f\"%R1)\n",
-    "l2=l\n",
-    "A2=b*h\n",
-    "R2=p*l2/A2\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is %.1e\"%R2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.4 Mean time and Mean free path"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is 4.979e-14\n",
-      "(b) Mean free path in cm is 0.000008\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #in kg\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-1\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "p=1.7*10**-8 #in ohm-m\n",
-    "v=1.6*10**8 #in cm/sec\n",
-    "T=2*m/(n*p*e**2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is %.3e\"%T)\n",
-    "Lambda=T*v\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Mean free path in cm is %f\"%Lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.5 Power"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Power for the single coil in watts is 504.167\n",
-      "(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is 1008.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=110 #in volt\n",
-    "R=24 #ohms\n",
-    "P1=V**2/R\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Power for the single coil in watts is %.3f\"%P1)\n",
-    "P2=V**2/(R/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is %.3f\"%P2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_sDirHoE.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_sDirHoE.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a0180572..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_sDirHoE.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 41 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION OF PLANE WAVES AND PLANE SURFACES"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.1 Angle between two refracted beams"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.88234\n",
-      "For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= 19.99290\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4702\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 4000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "theta_1=30\n",
-    "n_qa=1.4624\n",
-    "theta2=math.degrees(math.asin(math.sin(theta_1*math.pi/180)/n_qa))\n",
-    "print(\"For 5000 A beam, theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.4 Index of glass"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Index reflection= 1.41421\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n=1/math.sin(45*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"Index reflection= %.5f\"%n)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 41.5 Calculation of Angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angle theta_c in degree= 62.45732\n",
-      "Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\n",
-      "Angle of refraction:\n",
-      "Theta_2 in degree= 52.89097\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "n2=1.33\n",
-    "n1=1.50\n",
-    "theta_c=math.degrees(math.asin(n2/n1))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle theta_c in degree= %.5f\"%theta_c)\n",
-    "print(\"Actual angle of indices = 45 is less than theta_ c, so there is no internal angle reflection\")\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction:\")\n",
-    "x=n1/n2\n",
-    "theta_2=(math.asin(x*math.sin(45*math.pi/180))*180/math.pi)\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_2 in degree= %.5f\"%theta_2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_sns7nwl.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_sns7nwl.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 904b1c32..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_sns7nwl.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 31 CURRENT AND RESISTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.1 Current density"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches 1273.240\n",
-      "Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches 3108.495\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=0.10 #diameter of aluminium wire in inches\n",
-    "d2=0.064 #diameter of copper wire in inches\n",
-    "i=10 #current carried by composite wire in amperes\n",
-    "A1=math.pi*(d1/2)**2 #crosssectional area of aluminium wire in square inches\n",
-    "A2=math.pi*(d2/2)**2 #crosssectional area of copper wire in square inches\n",
-    "j1=i/A1\n",
-    "j2=i/A2\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in Aluminium wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j1)\n",
-    "print(\"Current density in copper wire in amp/square inches %.3f\"%j2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.2 Drift speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole 8.438e+22\n",
-      "Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is 0.03556\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "j=480 #current density for copper wire in amp/cm2\n",
-    "N0=6*10**23 #avagadro number in atoms/mole\n",
-    "M=64 #molecular wt in gm/mole\n",
-    "d=9.0 #density in gm/cm3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #elecron charge in coul\n",
-    "n=d*N0/M \n",
-    "print(\"No.of free electrons per unit volume in atoms/mole %.3e\"%n)\n",
-    "Vd=j/(n*e)\n",
-    "print(\"Drift speed of electron in cm/sec is %.5f\"%Vd)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.3 Resistance and resistivity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is 0.175\n",
-      "(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is 7.0e-05\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"Dimensions of rectangular carbon block are 1.0cm*1.0cm*50cm\")\n",
-    "l=1.0*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "b=1.0*10**-2#in meter\n",
-    "h=50*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "p=3.5*10**-5 #resisivity of carbon in ohm-m\n",
-    "#(a)Resistance b/w two square ends\n",
-    "l1=h\n",
-    "A1=b*l\n",
-    "R1=p*l1/A1\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two square ends in ohm is %.3f\"%R1)\n",
-    "l2=l\n",
-    "A2=b*h\n",
-    "R2=p*l2/A2\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Resistance measured b/w the two opposite rectangular faces in ohm is %.1e\"%R2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.4 Mean time and Mean free path"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is 4.979e-14\n",
-      "(b) Mean free path in cm is 0.000008\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "m=9.1*10**-31 #in kg\n",
-    "n=8.4*10**28 #in m-1\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "p=1.7*10**-8 #in ohm-m\n",
-    "v=1.6*10**8 #in cm/sec\n",
-    "T=2*m/(n*p*e**2)\n",
-    "print(\"(a) Mean time b/w collisions in sec is %.3e\"%T)\n",
-    "Lambda=T*v\n",
-    "print(\"(b) Mean free path in cm is %f\"%Lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 31.5 Power"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Power for the single coil in watts is 504.167\n",
-      "(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is 1008.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=110 #in volt\n",
-    "R=24 #ohms\n",
-    "P1=V**2/R\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Power for the single coil in watts is %.3f\"%P1)\n",
-    "P2=V**2/(R/2)\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Power for a coil of half the length in watts is %.3f\"%P2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_t48qDiD.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_t48qDiD.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 57d1a771..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_t48qDiD.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,227 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 45 GRATING AND SPECTRA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.1 Calculation of angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 7.249\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=4000 #in A\n",
-    "d=31700 #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.2 Calculation of angle theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 13.408\n",
-      "(B) Angle of seperation in degree= 0.0002388\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=5890  #in A\n",
-    "d=25400     #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)\n",
-    "del_lambda=5.9 #in A\n",
-    "delta_theta=(m*(del_lambda))/(d*(math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Angle of seperation in degree= %.7f\"%delta_theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.3 Calculation of Sodium Doublet"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resolving power= 998.305\n",
-      "Number of rulings needed is= 332.768\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "lamda_1=5895.9 #A\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "delta_lambda=(lamda_1-lamda) #in A\n",
-    "R=lamda/(delta_lambda)\n",
-    "print(\"Resolving power= %.3f\"%R)\n",
-    "N=(R/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Number of rulings needed is= %.3f\"%N)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.4 Calculation of Dispersion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 31.11244\n",
-      "(A) The dispersion in radian/A= 0.0001105\n",
-      "(B) Wave length difference in A= 0.13650\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "m1=5\n",
-    "lamda=5460  #in A\n",
-    "d=31700  #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.5f\"%theta)\n",
-    "D=m/(d*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The dispersion in radian/A= %.7f\"%D)\n",
-    "N=8000\n",
-    "lamda=5460\n",
-    "R=N*m1\n",
-    "delta_lambda=lamda/R\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Wave length difference in A= %.5f\"%delta_lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.5 Calculation of Angles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Interplanar spacing d in A= 2.51781\n",
-      "Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\n",
-      "When m1=1, Theta in degree= 12.61763\n",
-      "When m1=2, Theta in degree= 25.90544\n",
-      "When m1=3, Theta in degree= 40.94473\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "a_o=5.63  #A\n",
-    "d=a_o/math.sqrt(5)\n",
-    "lamda=1.10 #in A\n",
-    "print(\"Interplanar spacing d in A= %.5f\"%d)\n",
-    "print(\"Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\")\n",
-    "m1=1\n",
-    "x=(m1*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_1=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print(\"When m1=1, Theta in degree= %.5f\"%theta_1)\n",
-    "m2=2\n",
-    "x=(m2*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_2=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=2, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_2)\n",
-    "m3=3\n",
-    "x=(m3*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_3=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=3, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_tPBnBoe.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_tPBnBoe.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 57d1a771..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_tPBnBoe.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,227 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 45 GRATING AND SPECTRA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.1 Calculation of angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 7.249\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=4000 #in A\n",
-    "d=31700 #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.2 Calculation of angle theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 13.408\n",
-      "(B) Angle of seperation in degree= 0.0002388\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=5890  #in A\n",
-    "d=25400     #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)\n",
-    "del_lambda=5.9 #in A\n",
-    "delta_theta=(m*(del_lambda))/(d*(math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Angle of seperation in degree= %.7f\"%delta_theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.3 Calculation of Sodium Doublet"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resolving power= 998.305\n",
-      "Number of rulings needed is= 332.768\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "lamda_1=5895.9 #A\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "delta_lambda=(lamda_1-lamda) #in A\n",
-    "R=lamda/(delta_lambda)\n",
-    "print(\"Resolving power= %.3f\"%R)\n",
-    "N=(R/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Number of rulings needed is= %.3f\"%N)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.4 Calculation of Dispersion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 31.11244\n",
-      "(A) The dispersion in radian/A= 0.0001105\n",
-      "(B) Wave length difference in A= 0.13650\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "m1=5\n",
-    "lamda=5460  #in A\n",
-    "d=31700  #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.5f\"%theta)\n",
-    "D=m/(d*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The dispersion in radian/A= %.7f\"%D)\n",
-    "N=8000\n",
-    "lamda=5460\n",
-    "R=N*m1\n",
-    "delta_lambda=lamda/R\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Wave length difference in A= %.5f\"%delta_lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.5 Calculation of Angles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Interplanar spacing d in A= 2.51781\n",
-      "Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\n",
-      "When m1=1, Theta in degree= 12.61763\n",
-      "When m1=2, Theta in degree= 25.90544\n",
-      "When m1=3, Theta in degree= 40.94473\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "a_o=5.63  #A\n",
-    "d=a_o/math.sqrt(5)\n",
-    "lamda=1.10 #in A\n",
-    "print(\"Interplanar spacing d in A= %.5f\"%d)\n",
-    "print(\"Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\")\n",
-    "m1=1\n",
-    "x=(m1*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_1=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print(\"When m1=1, Theta in degree= %.5f\"%theta_1)\n",
-    "m2=2\n",
-    "x=(m2*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_2=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=2, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_2)\n",
-    "m3=3\n",
-    "x=(m3*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_3=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=3, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_tz4UUvV.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_tz4UUvV.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7cae8043..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_tz4UUvV.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,167 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 40 NATURE AND PROPOGATION OF LIGHT"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.1 Force and energy reflected"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule= 36000.0\n",
-      "Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= 0.00024\n",
-      "(B) Force in newton= 6.667e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "u=(10)*(1.0)*3600  #in Joules\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "t=3600 #in sec\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Energy reflected from mirror in joule=\",u)\n",
-    "p=(2*u)/c\n",
-    "print(\"Momentum after 1 hr illumination in kg-m/sec= %.5f\"%p)\n",
-    "f=p/t\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force in newton= %.3e\"%f)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.2 Angular speed"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular speed in rev/sec= 12.07030\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "theta=1/1440\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/sec\n",
-    "l=8630 #in m\n",
-    "w=(c*theta)/(2*l)\n",
-    "print(\"Angular speed in rev/sec= %.5f\"%w)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.3 Calculation of c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Lambda_g in cm= 3.9\n",
-      "Value of c in m/sec= 2.992e+10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "l=15.6 #in cm\n",
-    "n=8\n",
-    "lambda_g=(2*l)/n\n",
-    "print(\"Lambda_g in cm=\",lambda_g)\n",
-    "lamda=3.15  #in cm\n",
-    "f=9.5*10**9 #cycles/sec\n",
-    "c=lamda*f\n",
-    "print(\"Value of c in m/sec= %.3e\"%c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 40.4 Percentage error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Speed of light in miles/hour= 50000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "v_1=25000 #miles/hr\n",
-    "u=25000   #miles/hr\n",
-    "c=6.7*10**8 #miles/hr\n",
-    "x=1+((v_1*u)/(c)**2)\n",
-    "v=(v_1+u)/x\n",
-    "print(\"Speed of light in miles/hour= %.0f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_u1j27Ap.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_u1j27Ap.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ee009cd1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_u1j27Ap.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 36 INDUCTANCE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.1 Inductance of a toroid"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is 0.0013863\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "N=10**3 #no.of turns\n",
-    "a=5*10**-2 #im meter\n",
-    "b=10*10**-2 #in meter\n",
-    "h=1*10**-2 #in metre\n",
-    "L=(u0*N**2*h)/(2*math.pi)*math.log(b/a)\n",
-    "print(\"Inductance of a toroid of recyangular cross section in henry is %.7f\"%L)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.2 Time"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is 1.1552453\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "L=50 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=30 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "t0=math.log(2)*(L/R)\n",
-    "print(\"Time taken for the current to reach one-half of its final equilibrium in sec is %.7f\"%t0)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.3 Maximum Current and Energy stored"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum current in amp is 5.0\n",
-      "Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is 62.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=5 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "V=100 #emf in volts\n",
-    "R=20 #resistance in ohms\n",
-    "i=V/R\n",
-    "print(\"Maximum current in amp is\",i)\n",
-    "U=(L*i**2)/2\n",
-    "print(\"Energy stored in the magnetic field in joules is %.1f\"%U)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.4 Rate at which energy is stored and delivered and appeared"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is 0.5689085\n",
-      "The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is 0.3596188\n",
-      "Let D=di/dt\n",
-      "The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is 0.2092897\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "L=3 #inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=10 #resistance in ohm\n",
-    "V=3 #emf in volts\n",
-    "t=0.30 #in sec\n",
-    "T=0.30 #inductive time constant in sec\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "i=(V/R)*(1-math.exp(-t/T))\n",
-    "P1=V*i\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy is delivred by the battery in watt is %.7f\"%P1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "P2=i**2*R\n",
-    "print(\"The rate at which energy appears as Joule heat in the resistor in watt is %.7f\"%P2)\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "print(\"Let D=di/dt\")\n",
-    "D=(V/L)*math.exp(-t/T) #in amp/sec\n",
-    "P3=L*i*D\n",
-    "print(\"The desired rate at which energy is being stored in the magnetic field in watt is %.7f\"%P3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 36.6 Energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is 0.0000445\n",
-      "(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is 397.887\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.9*10**-12 #in coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "E=10**5 #elelctric field in volts/meter\n",
-    "B=1 #magnetic field in weber/meter2\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m   Mu-not=u0\n",
-    "a=0.1 #side of the cube in meter\n",
-    "V0=a**3 #volume of the cube in meter3\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "U1=epsilon0*E**2*V0/2 #in elelctric field\n",
-    "print(\"(a)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in electric field in joules is %.7f\"%U1)\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "U2=(B**2/(2*u0))*V0\n",
-    "print(\"(b)Energy required to set up in the given cube on edge in magnetic field in joules is %.3f\"%U2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_uYhMYzW.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_uYhMYzW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6cc02fdd..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_uYhMYzW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 47 LIGHT AND QUANTUM PHYSICS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.1 Velocity"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Velocity in cycles/s 0.71176\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "k=20 #in nt/m\n",
-    "m=1  #in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=(math.sqrt((k)/(m)))*(1/(2*math.pi))\n",
-    "print(\"Velocity in cycles/s %.5f\"%v)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.2 Time calculation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power in j-sec 1.000000e-23\n",
-      "('Time reqired in sec =', 80000.0)\n",
-      "Time required in hour 22.22224\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "P=(10**(-3))*(3*10**(-18))/(300)\n",
-    "print(\"Power in j-sec %e\"%P)\n",
-    "s=1.6*(10**(-19))\n",
-    "t=(5*s)/P\n",
-    "print(\"Time reqired in sec =\",t)\n",
-    "one_sec=0.000277778 #hr\n",
-    "in_hour=one_sec*t\n",
-    "print(\"Time required in hour %.5f\"%in_hour)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.3 Work function for sodium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy in joule= 2.911e-19\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "h=6.63*10**(-34) #in joule/sec\n",
-    "v=4.39*10**(14) #cycles/sec\n",
-    "E_o=h*(v)\n",
-    "print(\"Energy in joule= %.3e\"%E_o)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 47.4 Kinetic energy to be imparten on recoiling electron"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "h=(6.63)*10**-34\n",
-    "m=9.11*10**-31\n",
-    "c=3*10**8\n",
-    "delta_h=(h/(m*c))*(1-math.cos(90))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Compton shift in meter %.3e\",delta_h)\n",
-    "delta=1*10**-10\n",
-    "k=(h*c*delta_h)/(delta*(delta+delta_h))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Kinetic energy in joules\",k)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_v6vpMzh.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_v6vpMzh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cd850cd0..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_v6vpMzh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 46 POLARIZATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.1 Calculation of theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polarization angle theta= 135.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.acos(1/math.sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "theta=180-theta\n",
-    "print(\"Polarization angle theta=\",theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.2 Angle of refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Theta_p in degrees=56.30993\n",
-      "Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=33.69007\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_p= math.degrees(math.atan(1.5))\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_p in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_p)\n",
-    "sin_theta_r= (math.sin(theta_p*math.pi/180))/1.5\n",
-    "theta_r=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta_r))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_r)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.3 Thickness of slab"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Value of x in m= 163611.111111113\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "n_e=1.553\n",
-    "n_o=1.544\n",
-    "s=(n_e)-(n_o)\n",
-    "x=(lamda)/(4*s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"The Value of x in m=\",x)\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_vTg4lNU.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_vTg4lNU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2da66d96..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_vTg4lNU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 34 AMPERES LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.3 Distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation between two wires in metres 0.0054795\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "i1=100 #in amp\n",
-    "i2=20 #in amp\n",
-    "W=0.073 #weight of second wire W=F/l in nt/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "d=u0*i1*i2/(2*math.pi*W)\n",
-    "print(\"Separation between two wires in metres %.7f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.5 Magnetic field and Magnetic flux"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0267035\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000189\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "d=3*10**-2 #diameter of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=5*850 #number of layers and turns of wire\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i0=5.0 #current in amp\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i0*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.9 Magnetic field and Magnetic dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 13.404\n",
-      "(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is 8.890e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "R=5.1*10**-11 #radius of th enucleus in meter\n",
-    "f=6.8*10**15 #frequency with which elecron circulates in rev/sec\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "x=0 #x is any point on the orbit, since at center x=0\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "i=e*f\n",
-    "B=u0*i*R**2*0.5/((R**2+x**2)**(3/2))\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 %.3f\"%B)\n",
-    "N=1 #no.of turns\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2\n",
-    "U=N*i*A\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_vk5bg1Q.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_vk5bg1Q.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2da66d96..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_vk5bg1Q.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 34 AMPERES LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.3 Distance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation between two wires in metres 0.0054795\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "i1=100 #in amp\n",
-    "i2=20 #in amp\n",
-    "W=0.073 #weight of second wire W=F/l in nt/m\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "d=u0*i1*i2/(2*math.pi*W)\n",
-    "print(\"Separation between two wires in metres %.7f\"%d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.5 Magnetic field and Magnetic flux"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0267035\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000189\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "d=3*10**-2 #diameter of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=5*850 #number of layers and turns of wire\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i0=5.0 #current in amp\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i0*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 34.9 Magnetic field and Magnetic dipole moment"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 13.404\n",
-      "(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is 8.890e-24\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in coul\n",
-    "R=5.1*10**-11 #radius of th enucleus in meter\n",
-    "f=6.8*10**15 #frequency with which elecron circulates in rev/sec\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "x=0 #x is any point on the orbit, since at center x=0\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "i=e*f\n",
-    "B=u0*i*R**2*0.5/((R**2+x**2)**(3/2))\n",
-    "print(\"(A)  Magnetic field at the center of the orbit in wb/m2 %.3f\"%B)\n",
-    "N=1 #no.of turns\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2\n",
-    "U=N*i*A\n",
-    "print(\"(B)  Equivalent magnetic dipole moment in amp-m2 is %.3e\"%U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_vspbqnp.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_vspbqnp.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 57d1a771..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_vspbqnp.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,227 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 45 GRATING AND SPECTRA"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.1 Calculation of angle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 7.249\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=4000 #in A\n",
-    "d=31700 #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.2 Calculation of angle theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 13.408\n",
-      "(B) Angle of seperation in degree= 0.0002388\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=5890  #in A\n",
-    "d=25400     #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.3f\"%theta)\n",
-    "del_lambda=5.9 #in A\n",
-    "delta_theta=(m*(del_lambda))/(d*(math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)))\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Angle of seperation in degree= %.7f\"%delta_theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.3 Calculation of Sodium Doublet"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Resolving power= 998.305\n",
-      "Number of rulings needed is= 332.768\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "lamda_1=5895.9 #A\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "delta_lambda=(lamda_1-lamda) #in A\n",
-    "R=lamda/(delta_lambda)\n",
-    "print(\"Resolving power= %.3f\"%R)\n",
-    "N=(R/m)\n",
-    "print(\"Number of rulings needed is= %.3f\"%N)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.4 Calculation of Dispersion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The first order diffraction pattern in degree= 31.11244\n",
-      "(A) The dispersion in radian/A= 0.0001105\n",
-      "(B) Wave length difference in A= 0.13650\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "m1=5\n",
-    "lamda=5460  #in A\n",
-    "d=31700  #in A\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.asin((m*lamda)/d))\n",
-    "print(\"The first order diffraction pattern in degree= %.5f\"%theta)\n",
-    "D=m/(d*math.cos(theta*math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print(\"(A) The dispersion in radian/A= %.7f\"%D)\n",
-    "N=8000\n",
-    "lamda=5460\n",
-    "R=N*m1\n",
-    "delta_lambda=lamda/R\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Wave length difference in A= %.5f\"%delta_lambda)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 45.5 Calculation of Angles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Interplanar spacing d in A= 2.51781\n",
-      "Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\n",
-      "When m1=1, Theta in degree= 12.61763\n",
-      "When m1=2, Theta in degree= 25.90544\n",
-      "When m1=3, Theta in degree= 40.94473\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "a_o=5.63  #A\n",
-    "d=a_o/math.sqrt(5)\n",
-    "lamda=1.10 #in A\n",
-    "print(\"Interplanar spacing d in A= %.5f\"%d)\n",
-    "print(\"Diffracted beam occurs when m=1,m=2 and m=3\")\n",
-    "m1=1\n",
-    "x=(m1*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_1=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print(\"When m1=1, Theta in degree= %.5f\"%theta_1)\n",
-    "m2=2\n",
-    "x=(m2*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_2=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=2, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_2)\n",
-    "m3=3\n",
-    "x=(m3*lamda)/(2*d)\n",
-    "theta_3=math.degrees(math.asin(x))\n",
-    "print('When m1=3, Theta in degree= %.5f'%theta_3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_wF4TlOQ.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_wF4TlOQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 34883c4a..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_wF4TlOQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 35 FARADAYS LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.1 Induced EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is 0.0376991\n",
-      "Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is 0.0000118\n",
-      "Induced EMF in volts is -0.0473741\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "l=1.0 #length of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "r=3*10**-2 #radius of solenoid in meter\n",
-    "n=200*10**2 #number of turns in solenoid per meter\n",
-    "u0=4*math.pi*10**-7 #in weber/amp-m\n",
-    "i=1.5 #current in amp\n",
-    "N=100 #no.of turns in a close packed coil placed at the center of solenoid\n",
-    "d=2*10**-2 #diameter of coil in meter\n",
-    "delta_T=0.050 #in sec\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "B=u0*i*n\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic field at center in wb/m2 is %.7f\"%B)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*(d/2)**2\n",
-    "Q=B*A\n",
-    "print(\"Magnetic flux at the center of the solenoid in weber is %.7f\"%Q)\n",
-    "delta_Q=Q-(-Q)\n",
-    "E=-(N*delta_Q/delta_T)\n",
-    "print(\"Induced EMF in volts is %.7f\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 35.7 Induced electric field and EMF"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\n",
-      "(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z 2.0\n",
-      "(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is 3.2e-19\n",
-      "(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is 0.2\n",
-      "Induced emf in volt observed by Z is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "B=2 #magnetic field in wb/m2\n",
-    "l=10*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "v=1.0 #in m/sec\n",
-    "q=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "print(\"Let S be the frame of reference fixed w.r.t  the magnet and Z be the frame of reference w.r.t the loop\")\n",
-    "#(A)\n",
-    "E=v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(A) Induced electric field in volt/m observed by Z\",E)\n",
-    "#(B)\n",
-    "F=q*v*B\n",
-    "print(\"(B) Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t S is %.1e\"%F)\n",
-    "F1=q*E\n",
-    "print(\"Force acting on charge carrier in nt w.r.t Z is %.1e\"%F1)\n",
-    "#(C)\n",
-    "emf1=B*l*v\n",
-    "print(\"(C) Induced emf in volt observed by S is\",emf1)\n",
-    "emf2=E*l\n",
-    "print(\"Induced emf in volt observed by Z is\",emf2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_wiBzQbF.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_wiBzQbF.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 412d8eb1..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_wiBzQbF.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 28 GAUSS'S LAW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.3 Electric field strength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 1.138e+13\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=1*10**-10 #radius of the atom in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 28.4 Electric field strength at the nuclear surface"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is 2.389e+21\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "r=6.9*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "E=(9.0*10**9)*q/r**2\n",
-    "print(\"Electric field strength at the surface of the gold atom in nt/coul is %.3e\"%E)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_xPlbJ6n.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_xPlbJ6n.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d197d07e..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_xPlbJ6n.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.3 Magnitude of an isolated positive point charge"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\n",
-      "Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is 1.112e-09\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "V=100 #electric potential in volts\n",
-    "r=10*10**-2 #in meters\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Potential due to a point charge is V=q/4*pi*epislon0*r\")\n",
-    "q=V*4*math.pi*epsilon0*r\n",
-    "print(\"Magnitude of positive point charge in coul is %.3e\"%q)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.4 Electric potential at the surface of a gold nucleus"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is 17220668\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "r=6.6*10**-15 #radius of the gold nucleus in meter\n",
-    "Z=79 #gold atomic number\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q=Z*e #total positive charge in coul\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "V=q/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Electric potential at the surface of the nucleus in volts is %d\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.5 Potential at the center of the square"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Potential at the center of the square in volts is 508.65\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q2=-2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q3=3.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "q4=2.0*10**-8 #in coul\n",
-    "a=1 #side of square in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "#refer to the fig 29.7\n",
-    "r=a/math.sqrt(2) #distance of charges from centre in meter\n",
-    "V=(q1+q2+q3+q4)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Potential at the center of the square in volts is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.8 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is 3.837e-14\n",
-      "Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is 239781.46\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "q2=1.6*10**-19 #charge in coul\n",
-    "r=6.0*10**-15 #seperation b/w two protons in meter\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "U=(q1*q2)/(4*math.pi*epsilon0*r)\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in joules is %.3e\"%U)\n",
-    "V=U/q1\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual electric potential energy of two proton in ev is %.2f\"%V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.9 Mutual potential energy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \n",
-      "Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is -0.008991804694457362\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q=1.0*10**-7 #charge in coul\n",
-    "a=10*10**-2 #side of triangle in meter\n",
-    "q1=q\n",
-    "q2=-4*q\n",
-    "q3=2*q\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12 #coul2/nt-m2\n",
-    "print(\"Total energy is the sum of each pair of particles \")\n",
-    "U=(1/(4*math.pi*epsilon0))*(((q1*q2)/a)+((q1*q3)/a)+((q2*q3)/a))\n",
-    "print(\"Mutual potential energy of the particles in joules is\",U)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_y64N1aC.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_y64N1aC.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4651a1a4..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_y64N1aC.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 44 DIFFRACTION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.1 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a in A=13000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "lamda=6500 #in A\n",
-    "a=(m*lamda)/math.sin(30*math.pi/180)\n",
-    "print(\"a in A=%d\"%a)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.2 Calculation of wavelength"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Wavelength in A = 4333.333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=6500\n",
-    "lambda_1=lamda/1.5\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength in A = %.3f\"%lambda_1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.5 Current"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Current in amp= 0.06990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m_0=(4*math.pi*10**-7) #in weber\n",
-    "e_0=(8.9*10**-12)\n",
-    "R=5*10**-2  #meters\n",
-    "byd=10**12\n",
-    "i_d=(e_0*math.pi*R*R*byd)\n",
-    "print(\"Current in amp= %.5f\"%i_d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 44.7 Delta Y"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(A) D in m= 0.00240\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "lamda=480*10**-9 #in m\n",
-    "d=0.10*10**-3 #in m\n",
-    "D=50*10**-2 #in m\n",
-    "a=0.02*10**-3\n",
-    "delta_y=(lamda*D)/d\n",
-    "print(\"(A) D in m= %.5f\"%delta_y)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ynorwrj.ipynb b/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ynorwrj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 95796a17..00000000
--- a/Physics_For_Students_Of_Science_And_Engineering_Part_2_by_D_Halliday_and_R_Resnick/Cha_ynorwrj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,134 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 46 POLARIZATION"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.1 Calculation of theta"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Polarization angle theta= 135.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta=math.degrees(math.acos(1/math.sqrt(2)))\n",
-    "theta=180-theta\n",
-    "print(\"Polarization angle theta=\",theta)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.2 Angle of refraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Theta_p in degrees=56.30993\n",
-      "Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=33.69007\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "theta_p= math.degrees(math.atan(1.5))\n",
-    "print(\"Theta_p in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_p)\n",
-    "sin_theta_r= (math.sin(theta_p*math.pi/180))/1.5\n",
-    "theta_r=math.degrees(math.asin(sin_theta_r))\n",
-    "print(\"Angle of refraction fron Snells law in degrees=%.5f\"%theta_r)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 46.3 Thickness of slab"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Value of x in m= 163611.111111113\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "lamda=5890 #A\n",
-    "n_e=1.553\n",
-    "n_o=1.544\n",
-    "s=(n_e)-(n_o)\n",
-    "x=(lamda)/(4*s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(\"The Value of x in m=\",x)\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
-  },
-  "widgets": {
-   "state": {},
-   "version": "1.1.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Power_Electronics_by_P_S_Bimbhra/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter13_4-checkpoint.ipynb b/Power_Electronics_by_P_S_Bimbhra/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter13.ipynb
index a5664090..a5664090 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics_by_P_S_Bimbhra/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter13_4-checkpoint.ipynb
+++ b/Power_Electronics_by_P_S_Bimbhra/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Practical_C_Programming/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter_14_1-checkpoint.ipynb b/Practical_C_Programming/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter_14.ipynb
index c25523b7..c25523b7 100755
--- a/Practical_C_Programming/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter_14_1-checkpoint.ipynb
+++ b/Practical_C_Programming/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Practical_C_Programming/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter_15_1-checkpoint.ipynb b/Practical_C_Programming/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter_15.ipynb
index 05286d0f..05286d0f 100755
--- a/Practical_C_Programming/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter_15_1-checkpoint.ipynb
+++ b/Practical_C_Programming/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter1.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter1.ipynb
index 07a865d9..0bf8c0e2 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from numpy.random import randint\n",
     "from numpy import pi, arange\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad, sin, cos\n",
+    "from mpmath  import quad, sin, cos\n",
     "#Given:\n",
     "n=round(randint(1000))#any integers\n",
     "m=round(randint(1000))#any integers\n",
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from numpy import arange,pi\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad, sin, cos\n",
+    "from mpmath  import quad, sin, cos\n",
     "#Given:\n",
     "# Curve on page no 9....fig 1.6\n",
     "t=arange(0,2*pi,0.1)\n",
@@ -86,6 +86,99 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
+    "## Example3,page no12"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "a) The value of constants Cn are:\n",
+      "1.273237    for n= 1\n",
+      "\n",
+      "0.000000    for n= 2\n",
+      "\n",
+      "0.424406    for n= 3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "0.000000    for n= 4\n",
+      "\n",
+      "0.254636    for n= 5\n",
+      "\n",
+      "0.000000    for n= 6\n",
+      "\n",
+      "0.181874    for n= 7\n",
+      "\n",
+      "b) Mean Square error is\n",
+      "epsi(1) = 0.190000\n",
+      "\n",
+      "epsi(3) = 0.100000\n",
+      "\n",
+      "epsi(5) = 0.070000\n",
+      "\n",
+      "epsi(7) = 0.050000\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange\n",
+    "from mpmath  import quad\n",
+    "from math import pi,sin\n",
+    "#Given:\n",
+    "#a  # Referance Figure on page no 9.. (1.6d)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "t=range(0,int(2*3.14+1))\n",
+    "t0=0\n",
+    "t1=2*3.14\n",
+    "print 'a) The value of constants Cn are:'\n",
+    "C=[]        \n",
+    "for i in range(1,8):\n",
+    "    C.append((quad(lambda t:sin(i*t),[t0,t1/2])-quad(lambda t:sin(i*t),[t1/2,t1]))/quad(lambda t:(sin(i*t))**2,[t0,t1]))\n",
+    "    if C[i-1] <= 0.01:\n",
+    "        C[i-1]=0\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    print '%f    for n= %d\\n'%(C[i-1],i)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#b Mean Square error\n",
+    "\n",
+    "int1=quad(lambda t:(1)**2,[t0,t1])\n",
+    "for n in range(1,8):\n",
+    "    if (n%2) == 0:\n",
+    "        C[n-1] = 0\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        C[n-1]=4.0/(n*pi)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "K=[]\n",
+    "for n in range(1,8):\n",
+    " \n",
+    "    K.append(quad(lambda t:(sin(n*t))**2,[t0,t1]))\n",
+    " \n",
+    "K[n-1]=pi\n",
+    "S=[0]\n",
+    "for n in range(1,8):\n",
+    "    S.append(S[n-1]+(((C[n-1])**2)*K[n-1]))\n",
+    "#Mean Square error\n",
+    "epsi=[]\n",
+    "for n in range(1,8):\n",
+    "    epsi.append((1.0/(t1-t0)*(int1-S[n])))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print 'b) Mean Square error is'\n",
+    "for n in arange(1,2+7,2):\n",
+    "    print 'epsi(%d) = %f\\n'%(n,round(100*epsi[n-1])/100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
     "## Example4,page no12"
    ]
   },
@@ -117,7 +210,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from sympy import symbols,solve\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from mpmath  import quad\n",
     "from numpy import arange\n",
     "#Given:\n",
     "t=arange(-1,1.01,0.01)\n",
@@ -155,7 +248,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -241,6 +334,1057 @@
     "print \"The trigonometric Fourier series for given function\\n can be written as:\\n\"\n",
     "print \"f(t)=%f%fsin(2*pi*t)%fsin(4*pi*t)\\n%fsin(6*pi*t)%fsin(8*pi*t)%fsin(10*pi*t)\\n%fsin(12*pi*t)%fsin(14*pi*t).......\"%(b[1],b[2],b[3],b[4],b[5],b[6],b[7],b[8])"
    ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example 6, page no 21"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The Exponential Fourier coeff(Fn) are:for n=-5 to 5\n",
+      "-0.05j \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(1+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "-0.0981305252753j \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(1+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "-0.315687575734j \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(0.5+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "0j \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(1-0.153884176859j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "0j \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(1-0.0688190960236j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "0j \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "The given function in Expo Fourier series can be represented as \n",
+      "\n",
+      "f(t)= 0.500000+jP/2*pi* ∑1/n *exp(j2*pi*t)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import nditer,trapz\n",
+    "#given\n",
+    "\n",
+    "t0=1\n",
+    "T=1\n",
+    "w0=2*3.14/T\n",
+    "P=1\n",
+    "t=arange(0,0.1+1,0.1)\n",
+    "f=[P*tt for tt in t]# function f(t)=P*t, 0<t<1\n",
+    "a=1\n",
+    "print 'The Exponential Fourier coeff(Fn) are:for n=-5 to 5'\n",
+    "Fr=[];Fi=[]\n",
+    "for n in range(-5,6):  # Calculating the fourier coeff\n",
+    "    fr=[ff*cos(pi*n*tt/T) for ff,tt in nditer([f,t])]\n",
+    "    #Fr(a)=inttrap(t,fr)\n",
+    "    Fr.append(trapz(t,fr))\n",
+    "    fi=[ff*sin(pi*n*tt/T) for ff,tt in nditer([f,t])]\n",
+    "    Fi.append(trapz(t,fi))\n",
+    "    if Fr[a-1] < 0.01:\n",
+    "        Fr[a-1]=0\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    if Fi[a-1] < 0.01:\n",
+    "        Fi[a-1]=0\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    print Fr[a-1]-1J*Fi[a-1],'\\n'\n",
+    "    a=a+1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print '\\nThe given function in Expo Fourier series can be represented as \\n'\n",
+    "print 'f(t)= %f+jP/2*pi* ∑1/n *exp(j2*pi*t)'%(P/2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example 7, page no 22"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 25,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The Expo fourier series coeff are: for n=-5 to 5\n",
+      "(2.77555756156e-17-1.37737043993e-15j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(0.127481160803+3.12250225676e-16j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-1.9567680809e-15-1.47624967806e-15j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(0.636776885598+6.54858112181e-16j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-1.69309011255e-15-0.5j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-1.90970223489+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-1.69309011255e-15+0.5j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(0.636776885598-6.54858112181e-16j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-1.9567680809e-15+1.47624967806e-15j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(0.127481160803-3.12250225676e-16j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(2.77555756156e-17+1.37737043993e-15j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "The given function in Expo Fourier series can be represented as \n",
+      "\n",
+      "f(t)= 2V/pi -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/3*pi -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/15*pi\n",
+      "      -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/35*pi ...\n",
+      "     -2V*exp(-j2*pi*t)/3*pi -2V*exp(-j2*pi*t)/15*pi...\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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jUFNkpKfDxx/DddeFVy4jOEqr2CdNgg4doEqV8MlkBMcxxzhLe9o0b/r3WjEE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\nTkSuQmCC\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f3df8629110>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,sin,pi,cos,trapz,nditer,zeros\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline \n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,title,legend,xlabel,ylabel,show\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#given\n",
+    "V=1\n",
+    "t0=1\n",
+    "T=1\n",
+    "w0=2*3.14/T\n",
+    "P=1\n",
+    "t=arange(0,0.01+3,0.01)\n",
+    "f=[V*abs(sin(pi*tt)) for tt in t]\n",
+    "#The Expo fourier series coeff\n",
+    "print 'The Expo fourier series coeff are: for n=-5 to 5'\n",
+    "a=1\n",
+    "Fr=[];Fi=[];mag=[]\n",
+    "for n in range(-5,6):\n",
+    "    fr=[ff*cos(pi*n*tt/T) for ff,tt in nditer([f,t])]\n",
+    "    Fr.append(trapz(t,fr))\n",
+    "    fi=[ff*sin(pi*n*tt/T) for ff,tt in nditer([f,t])] \n",
+    "    Fi.append(trapz(t,fi))\n",
+    "    mag.append(abs(Fr[a-1]+1J*Fi[a-1]))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    print Fr[a-1]-(1J*Fi[a-1]),'\\n'\n",
+    "    x=zeros(len(t))\n",
+    "    #x=x+((Fr(a))-1J*Fi(a)).*(cos(pi*n*t/T)+1J*sin(pi*n*t/T))\n",
+    "    x=x+((Fr[a-1])-1J*Fi[a-1])*(cos(pi*n*t/T)+1J*sin(pi*n*t/T))\n",
+    "    a=a+1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print 'The given function in Expo Fourier series can be represented as \\n'\n",
+    "print 'f(t)= 2V/pi -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/3*pi -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/15*pi\\n      -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/35*pi ...\\n     -2V*exp(-j2*pi*t)/3*pi -2V*exp(-j2*pi*t)/15*pi...'\n",
+    "n=range(-5,6)\n",
+    "subplot(2,1,1)\n",
+    "plot(t,f) # Rectified sine function Plot\n",
+    "xlabel(\"t\")\n",
+    "ylabel(\"sin(t)\")\n",
+    "legend([\"sin(pi*t)\"])\n",
+    "subplot(2,1,2)\n",
+    "plot(n,mag) #Plot of the magnitude of the Fourier coeff\n",
+    "xlabel(\"w\")\n",
+    "ylabel(\"Fn\")\n",
+    "legend([\"Expo Fourier Coeff\"])\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example 8, page no 24"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The fourier series coeff Fn are:\n",
+      "(-0.185792520964+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.121542879381+6.93889390391e-18j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.0695370407613+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.0312803786267+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.00787673751141+1.73472347598e-18j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(1+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.00787673751141+1.73472347598e-18j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.00787673751141-1.73472347598e-18j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.0312803786267+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.0695370407613+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.121542879381-6.93889390391e-18j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-1.23107341487-2.77555756156e-17j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.86361423984-2.77555756156e-17j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.520835737317-2.77555756156e-17j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.243085758762+2.77555756156e-17j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.0625607572533+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(1+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.0625607572533+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.0625607572533+0j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.243085758762-2.77555756156e-17j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.520835737317+2.77555756156e-17j) \n",
+      "\n",
+      "(-0.86361423984+2.77555756156e-17j) \n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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3Frl9fj48+qib+9DQfOc7bvb7mjWZHZpbVeVO5tE+s3iBoO52lZX+Pt+TTjo8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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fbfb25b1a10>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import pi,arange,cos,sin,trapz,zeros\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline \n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,title,legend,xlabel,ylabel,show\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#given\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T=500e-3\n",
+    "w0=2*pi/T\n",
+    "d=50e-3\n",
+    "A=10\n",
+    "t=arange(-d/2,0.01+T-d/2,0.01)\n",
+    "t1=arange(-d/2,0.01+d/2,0.01)\n",
+    "f1=A\n",
+    "t2=arange(d/2,0.01+T-(d/2),0.01)\n",
+    "f2=0\n",
+    "a=0\n",
+    "Fr=[];Fi=[];mag=[]\n",
+    "print 'The fourier series coeff Fn are:'\n",
+    "for n in range(-5,6):\n",
+    "    if n==0:\n",
+    "       Fr.append(1);Fi.append(0)\n",
+    "    else: \n",
+    "      fa1=f1*cos(pi*n*t1/T)\n",
+    "      fa2=f2*cos(pi*n*t2/T)\n",
+    "      fb1=f1*sin(pi*n*t1/T)\n",
+    "      fb2=f2*sin(pi*n*t2/T)\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    Fr.append(1/T*(trapz(t1,fa1)+trapz(t2,fa2)))\n",
+    "    Fi.append(trapz(t1,fb1)+trapz(t2,fb2))\n",
+    "    mag.append(abs(Fr[a]+1J*Fi[a]))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    print Fr[a]-1J*Fi[a],'\\n'\n",
+    "    x=zeros(len(t))\n",
+    "    x=x+((Fr[a])-1J*Fi[a])*(cos(pi*n*t/T)+1J*sin(pi*n*t/T))\n",
+    "    a=a+1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n=range(-5,6)\n",
+    "subplot(3,1,1)\n",
+    "plot(t,[f1]*len(t))\n",
+    "xlabel(\"t\")\n",
+    "ylabel(\"f(t)\")\n",
+    "subplot(3,1,2)\n",
+    "plot(n,mag) # expo fourier series coeff\n",
+    "xlabel(\"n\") \n",
+    "ylabel(\"Coeff Magnitude\") \n",
+    "subplot(3,1,3)\n",
+    "plot(t,x)\n",
+    "plot(-t,x) # one sided spectrum with T=500ms\n",
+    "xlabel(\"w\")\n",
+    "ylabel(\"Fn\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T1=T/2\n",
+    "t=arange(-d/2,0.01+T1-d/2,0.01)\n",
+    "t1=arange(-d/2,0.01+d/2,0.01)\n",
+    "f1=A\n",
+    "t2=arange(d/2,0.01+T1-(d/2),0.01)\n",
+    "f2=0\n",
+    "#The Expo fourier series coeff\n",
+    "a=0\n",
+    "Fr1=[];Fi1=[];mag=[]\n",
+    "for n in range(-5,6):\n",
+    "    if n==0:\n",
+    "       Fr1.append(1);Fi1.append(0)\n",
+    "    else :\n",
+    "        fr1=f1*cos(pi*n*t1/T1)\n",
+    "        fr2=f2*cos(pi*n*t2/T1)\n",
+    "        fi1=f1*sin(pi*n*t1/T1)\n",
+    "        fi2=f2*sin(pi*n*t2/T1)\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "    Fr1.append(1/T1*(trapz(t1,fr1)+trapz(t2,fr2)))\n",
+    "    Fi1.append(1/T1*(trapz(t1,fi1)+trapz(t2,fi2)))\n",
+    "    mag.append(abs(Fr1[a]+1J*Fi1[a]))\n",
+    "    print Fr1[a]-1J*Fi1[a],'\\n'\n",
+    "    y = zeros(len(t))\n",
+    "    y=y+((Fr1[a])-1J*Fi1[a])*(cos(pi*n*t/T1)+1J*sin(pi*n*t/T1))\n",
+    "    a=a+1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "plot(t,y)\n",
+    "plot(-t,y) # double sided spectrum with T=250ms\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example 9, page no 12"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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S7pL0qKS5kqYUHVMeJPWV9JCk3xQdS61l3aRvljRP0mNZtWfDkHRx9u/zEUk/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\n2hmKAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f606a00b0d0>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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fHc1sMIRxXTP7PmWxcvED4aWhVcyr1IpKnpeNQXmcB1wt6UvgSsroLTTBBsBO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\nkyaPRCKRSNTN/wGSCNEUEKO5vgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6066ed1f90>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "|F(w)|= 1/sqrt(a**2+w**2) and\n",
+      " Theta(w)=-atan(w/a)\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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euAif0a1mNj3rO3zXzJ63UF31AGu/U5eQJ4zytxDoKqm277I78GHW/My4bM0+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\nY+pgAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6066d6d210>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "|F(w)|= 2*a/sqrt(a**2+w**2) and\n",
+      " Theta(w)=0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange, exp, pi, transpose, mat, fliplr, angle, absolute, shape\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Given:\n",
+    "# Analog Signal\n",
+    "A =1 # Amplitude\n",
+    "Dt = 0.005#\n",
+    "t = arange(0,Dt+10,Dt)\n",
+    "xt = exp(-A*t)#\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Continuous time Fourier Transform\n",
+    "Wmax =2*pi*1# # Analog Frequency = 1Hz\n",
+    "K = 4#\n",
+    "k = arange(0,(K/1000)+K, (K/1000))\n",
+    "W = k* Wmax /K#\n",
+    "XW = mat(xt)*exp(-1J*transpose(mat(t))*mat(W))*Dt\n",
+    "XW_Mag =abs(XW)#\n",
+    "W = -1*fliplr(mat(W))+mat(W)#  (2:1001)]# # Omega from -Wmax to Wmax\n",
+    "XW_Mag=fliplr(XW_Mag )+XW_Mag  # (2:1001)]#\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#[XW_Phase ,db] = phasemag (XW)#\n",
+    "XW_Phase = angle(XW)\n",
+    "db=abs(XW)\n",
+    "XW_Phase = -1*fliplr(XW_Phase)+XW_Phase #(2:1001)]#\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Plotting Continuous Time Signal\n",
+    "plot(t,xt)#\n",
+    "xlabel( 't in sec .')#\n",
+    "ylabel(' x(t) ')\n",
+    "title(' Continuous Time Signal ' )\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Plotting Magnitude Response of CTS\n",
+    "subplot (3 ,1 ,1)#\n",
+    "i, j = shape(W)\n",
+    "W1=[]\n",
+    "XW_Mag1=[]\n",
+    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
+    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
+    "        W1.append(W[ii,jj])\n",
+    "        XW_Mag1.append(XW_Mag[ii,jj])\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "plot(W1, XW_Mag1)\n",
+    "xlabel ( ' Frequency in Radians / Seconds---> W' )#\n",
+    "ylabel ( ' abs (X(jW) ) ' )\n",
+    "title ( 'Magnitude Response (CTFT) ' )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Plotting Phase Reponse of CTS\n",
+    "subplot (3 ,1 ,3)#\n",
+    "\n",
+    "i, j = shape(W)\n",
+    "W1=[]\n",
+    "XW_Phase1=[]\n",
+    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
+    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
+    "        W1.append(W[ii,jj])\n",
+    "        XW_Phase1.append(XW_Phase[ii,jj])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "plot(W1, [xx*pi/180 for xx in XW_Phase1 ])\n",
+    "xlabel(' Frequency in Radians / Seconds---> W')#\n",
+    "ylabel('<X(jW) ')\n",
+    "title(' Phase Response (CTFT)in Radians' )\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "print '|F(w)|= 1/sqrt(a**2+w**2) and\\n Theta(w)=-atan(w/a)'\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Part b \n",
+    "# Analog Signal\n",
+    "\n",
+    "A=1## Amplitude\n",
+    "Dt=0.005#\n",
+    "t1=arange(-4.5,Dt+4.5,Dt)\n",
+    "xt1=exp(-A*abs(t1))\n",
+    "# Continuous time Fourier Transform\n",
+    "Wmax1 =2*pi*1## Analog Frequency = 1Hz\n",
+    "K=4#\n",
+    "k=arange(0,(K/1000)+K,(K/1000))\n",
+    "W1=k*Wmax1/K\n",
+    "XW1=mat(xt1)*exp(-1J*transpose(mat(t1))*mat(W1))*Dt\n",
+    "XW1=(XW1).real\n",
+    "W1=-1*fliplr(mat(W1))+mat(W1) # (2:1001) ]# # Omega from -Wmax to Wmax\n",
+    "XW1=fliplr(mat(XW1))+mat(XW1) #(2:1001) ]#\n",
+    "subplot(3 ,1 ,1)#\n",
+    "plot(t,xt)\n",
+    "xlabel('t in sec.')#\n",
+    "ylabel('x(t)')\n",
+    "title(' Continuous Time Signal')\n",
+    "subplot(3 ,1 ,3)\n",
+    "i, j = shape(W1)\n",
+    "W11=[]\n",
+    "XW11=[]\n",
+    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
+    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
+    "        W11.append(W[ii,jj])\n",
+    "        XW11.append(XW_Phase[ii,jj])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "plot(W11,XW11)\n",
+    "xlabel('Frequency in Radians / Seconds W')#\n",
+    "ylabel('X(jW)')\n",
+    "title('Continuous time Fourier Transform ')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "print '|F(w)|= 2*a/sqrt(a**2+w**2) and\\n Theta(w)=0'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example10, page no 38"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "a)\n",
+      "At wo,n=0: The spectral amplitude is: F0= 0.100000 V\n",
+      "\n",
+      "b)\n",
+      "The Fourier tranform of f(t-delta/2) is given as: \n",
+      "\n",
+      "f(t)=A*delta/T*∑Sa(n*delta*pi/T)*exp(jwo(t-delta/2))\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import pi,sin\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Given\n",
+    "#a\n",
+    "A=1\n",
+    "delta=1e-3\n",
+    "T=10e-3\n",
+    "w0=2*pi/T\n",
+    "n=0\n",
+    "for i in range(0,11):\n",
+    "    if n==0:\n",
+    "        Sa=1 \n",
+    "    else :\n",
+    "        Sa=sin(n*pi*delta/T)/(n*pi*delta/T)\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "\n",
+    "F=(A*delta/T)*Sa #spectral Amplitude\n",
+    "print 'a)\\nAt wo,n=0: The spectral amplitude is: F0= %f V\\n'%F\n",
+    "#b\n",
+    "# displaying the fourier Transform of the given function\n",
+    "print 'b)\\nThe Fourier tranform of f(t-delta/2) is given as: '\n",
+    "print '\\nf(t)=A*delta/T*∑Sa(n*delta*pi/T)*exp(jwo(t-delta/2))'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example11(1), page no 39"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6080c29ad0>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "F(w)= A*t*Sa(w*t/2) \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange, ones,pi,exp,mat,transpose, shape\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Given\n",
+    "T = 10# #time Tau\n",
+    "Tg = arange(-T/2,0.1+T/2,0.1)  # time period for given Gate Function -tau/2 to tau/2\n",
+    "G_t0 = 1# #Magnitude of Gate Function (A)\n",
+    "G_t = G_t0*ones (len(Tg))## Gate function G(t)\n",
+    "f = arange(-pi,pi / len(Tg)+pi,pi / len(Tg))\n",
+    "Dw = 0.1#\n",
+    "F_jW =mat(G_t)*exp(1J*transpose(mat(Tg))*mat(f))*Dw## fourier Transform of the gate function\n",
+    "F_jW = (F_jW).real\n",
+    "# Plotting the Fourier Transform of G(t)\n",
+    "subplot (2 ,1 ,1)\n",
+    "plot(Tg,G_t)\n",
+    "title( ' Given Function (Gate Function) G(t) ' )\n",
+    "subplot(2 ,1 ,2)\n",
+    "i,j =shape(mat(f))\n",
+    "m,n=shape(F_jW)\n",
+    "f1=[];F_jW1=[]\n",
+    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
+    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
+    "        f1.append(mat(f)[ii,jj])\n",
+    "for ii in range(0,m):\n",
+    "    for jj in range(0,n):\n",
+    "        F_jW1.append(F_jW[ii,jj])\n",
+    "        \n",
+    "\n",
+    "plot(f1,F_jW1)\n",
+    "xlabel('Frequency in Radians/Seconds ')#\n",
+    "title('Continuous time Fourier Transform X(jW)' )\n",
+    "title ( 'Fourier Transform of G(t)=  F(jW) ' )\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "print 'F(w)= A*t*Sa(w*t/2) '"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example11(2), page no 43"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "|F(w)|= 2*pi*A*delta(w), Hence the Fourier Transform of constant is an Impulse Function\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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KscbuPbzMW2feu+XxMaa98BbMH83s65S+umceADN7xsz2SWnGkSZe4O/mKUXv\nZgsze3UR5Ky13qmFA/EWofDWO0X373fU/gx+jCtHwCfq4N3IH9eQvtbnOS9/LtPwsYK/SjpIbjOs\nuaR9JV2Zkt0L/F7ulXK1lP7Oev7FFKC6F76+jASOldRMUjfmdwsU5DpR0laSlsfHa141s/+a2ef4\nhT0+nXsSPsgOzFsoWHihvsYvdnVdg4WBtfWqiasNFe0Xjv8J/EpS1zRRq4Wk/YsqvlpJzd4HgEsl\ntZS0Dt4PfVdKMgLYVb7wrDXeXVibfMX8HThf0qYAklpLOqK+8tVCdf/ZEq/ov5W0MV4R1yuP+t7D\n1J32CnC5pOUlbYkP3N5VnLYWeettgDV95PwDHx/5yryreAA+EabAkyzcvZSV+Tv8I+VMMi0UXBGe\nSVGXmKS18S7maitCM7vb5s9qKt4WmMVXREt80PwHSV3xLvK6FG1N16ohRmyz56whqVeqn47Au4wK\nMzVHAt0lLStpO3zm3EJySloj1XMt8A+0b/CxKMjhua+r3qnj3E/w3py/SWqTylmo76YAbSWtXMPp\nDwL7S9pDPjvxLLx1vSjd/fPI7eshNefOxAeRPsM1eE98cA18IPE1/GtrdNq/JJtFLdnfCmyampoP\nVxNf3dds9vh0/AtwKv5gPzIvkTcdL8RnbE3GxwC6Z849GR/Y+gLvqsqOD2wHvCppBt666mVmExYS\nzputlwIvS/pK0vbVyFxd+YvjLeX3epLrRnwg9T18UL8marq2p+Evxod43/TdeFcjZvYscD9+r4bj\n/au1XeMFI8weBa4E7ktdVWPw/uw6z61D/uru9e/w+zodr5Dvq+ac4vwKYfW6h4mj8ZbeZHwGzh/M\n7Pla5KqP7DVdh8uAt8zs3kzYGcC+kvZMx3cC+0laoYY8wBXI6rhCKTAY7xZ9sSjtMfg42qxa8msI\nPYGLJE3H37XiFnZd1604vK73pra8huLdY58DF+MzXAuODi/EK/Gp+MSRu2vIZxn8Q+xjvNtrF9IH\nTT2e+9pky1JbvVPXc3Q8rvTG4QqlV5JtHP4x/WGqh9pl8zKzd/CJKoXZuPvjMz+Lx1Nrk2MetdoW\nk9Q3/cFnqXuK9OVxI95fPxvvMx+e4s7Dv+bm4C/pMyl8W3z67wr4Iq7TU/jy+GDUNvhNOirbTA+C\noHbk68A+M7PrJe2Br7Ze1BZy4V0cCexiPuGmySGpBz6dd5dSy7I0UFfLpR8+wJflT/hCri5419af\nAFIz8CgdLF4nAAAgAElEQVRcy3bDm2WFZtNN+E3dANggdU2BT6X7MoVfi2v8IAjqiZldYGbXp8PN\n8VZoQ/L5n5lt0lQVS9D41KpczD1CTi0K/gQfJASfClkY7DkIX4A2K3UrvA9sn5percxsWEp3B3Bw\n2j8QHyQE75YqNPeDIFgEJF2Pd//+sdSylDG1duME+dIQT5TnAi9JugpXTj9J4e1ZcCCwYA5jFgtO\nHf2Y+VPb5pnQMLPZkqZJWtXMvmqAXEGw1JK6mk8vtRzljJndzvyP2WAJ0xDlcis+nvJImgXRF58j\nvsSQFF8bQRAEDcBK5Ca+IbPFuppZYbbVQ7jZDfAWSXYVage8xfJx2i8OL5zTCUDSsri5l2pbLVaL\niYxy2Xr37l1yGULOkLNSZQw5899KSUOUy/uSCnPr92D+quTH8Dniy8lNsmwADDOzT4HpaZWu8Gly\n/86cUzC7cDhuiC8IgiCocGrtFpObg9iNZA4Cnx12Cr5Ycnl8+f8p4CZZJD2Ar5QuTFEuqM6e+FTk\nFfGpyP1T+K3AnZIKFomz60uCIAiCCqVW5WJuDqI6tq8h/WX44q/i8NdxQ43F4f/DLZM2Caqqqkot\nQr0IOfOlEuSsBBkh5GxK1LqIslyQZJUgZxAEQTkhCaugAf0gCIIgqJValYukvpKmyM3eF8LuUzJX\nLWm83Gw1klaQdK+k0ZLeknRu5pxtJY2R9F5a7FUIX17S/Sn81WQ8MQjKFjP4/nuYOhU++QQ+/RS+\n+MKPp0+HWXlb5QqCCqWudS79cCNmdxQCzGzeoHtaSFkwT909xW8paUXgLUn3mPv7Lph/GSbpSUnd\n0qD+PPMvcl8VVxKD+kEJ+PZbGD8ePvzQf8ePhylT4PPP4bPP/Pfrr12xNG8OK64IK6zgymbOHJg9\n23+/+w6WXx7atIHWrWGVVaB9e+jQYf72ox/BRhvByjXZpg2CJkBdA/qDJXWuLi5NKz4Sd8ELbham\nhdzDYQvcw9/0Wsy/9MfNv/RO4f/CDWIGwRJj7lx47z0YNQpGj/Zt1ChXIJ07e8W/7rq+bbcdrL76\n/K1NG1cqzZrVnL8ZfPONK6Jp0+Crr2DyZJg0ybchQ1yBvfOO57fxxrDJJrDttv5/m2wCyzZkaXMQ\nlBmL8xjvgntO/ADAzJ6WdDyuZFbC/VB8LWl9wvxLUCK++w6GD4eXX4aXXvLKvXVr2Hpr2Gor6NED\nttzSlcoyOYxAStCypW8danKdhSu5SZNg3Dh480147jm44gr4+GOXbccdYffdYeedoVVtviaDoExZ\nHOVyNO5hDgBJx+HrWNrhDocGS4pFkUGjYgZvvw39+/s2ZAhsuinstBOcdBLccgu0q80ZdCOxzDLQ\nqZNv++wzP3zaNHj9dRg8GK68Eo44ArbYwhXN/vvDDjvU3nIKgnKhQcolmWo5BPfDUmBH4BFzD4ef\nS3oZ2BZ3UlSX+ZfJdZl/6dOnz7z9qqqqmGcezGPOHHjxRXjoIfjPfzxs332hZ08Pq6SxjdatYY89\nfOvd21teQ4Z4y6ZnT+9i239/OPBAV0ot6+17NFgaGDRoEIMGDSq1GEA91rmkMZfHLTkLS2HdgHPM\nbPdMWC9gazM7Kbn/HIY7/xoraSjuDW0Y8ARwg5n1l9QT2MLMfi2pO3BwdsJAJu9Y5xIsQEGhPPAA\nPPwwrL22f+UffLCPY6gkM/uXPBMmwOOPw2OPwbBh8NOfwrHHujJdbrlSSxeUG6Vc51KXJ8qC+Ze2\nuOviP5hZP0n9gCFm9o9M2uVxcy5b4VOc+5rZ1Smu4ImyYP6lV+acO4EuJPMvVo2L2VAuQYEPPoDb\nbvNt9dXhyCPh8MNh/fVLLVnj8+WX3jK7+2546y047DA44QQfr2mqyjVYNMpWuZQLoVyWbr7/Hh58\nEG691SvRY4+FE0/0gfjA+e9/4d57oW9fnyr9q1/Bccf5jLRg6SWUSx2Eclk6mTwZbroJ/vEP2GYb\nOPlkOOCA6P6pDTN44QX4+999QsNhh8Fpp/kMtGDpI8y/BEGG4cPhmGNg88195fuLL8JTT8Ghh4Zi\nqQsJqqrgvvt8Lc366/sEgL33hmeeceUTBI1BXWMufYH9gc8KA/qS7gM2SknaAF+bWZcUtyVwM9AK\nmAtsZ2Y/ZMZcVsDHXE5P6ZfHF1Vug4+5HGVmH1UjR7RcmjhmrkQuuQTefRfOOMO7vqJbZ/H54Qfv\nMrvqKp8C/bvfwdFHx2LNpYGy7RaTtAswE7gjO1ssE38VrlwuSVOJXweOM7MxklYBppnZXEnDgFML\n5l9YcLbY5mbWM5l/OSRmiy1dmMHTT7tSmTIFzj/fx1SihZI/Zt56ueIKmDgRLrzQr3UomaZL2XaL\nmdlgYGp1cRnzL/emoH2A0WY2Jp07NSmWmsy/gJt/uT3t/wvYs6EFCSqP556D7bf3L+nf/MYXP554\nYiiWJYXkU5cHDvTJEX37+gLTO+/0qd1BkCeLM+aygPkX3K2xSeov6XVJZ6fwtamn+RdgmqRVF0Om\noAIYMcIruV/+Es480+17RTdN47LbbjBokA/8/+MfPr712GMxJhPkx+IolwXMvwDNgZ2BY9LvIZL2\nAOJxDQA32HjMMbDffnDQQT6tuHv3fGx6BYuO5JYAXnwRrr4azjvPj19/vdSSBU2BPM2/TAReLJhv\nSWMr2wB3EeZflmpmzoTLLvMv5NNP998wW1I+SK7w99kH+vWDn/0M9twTLr3UbZ8FlUM5mX/BzGrd\ngM7AmKKwbsDAorA2+ID+irjSGgDsm+KGAtsDAp4EuqXwnsBNab87cF8NMlhQecyda3bPPWYdOpgd\nd5zZxx+XWqKgPkyfbvaHP5i1bWt26aVm339faomChpLqzjrr+SWx5Wb+JaU/FjgP7wp7wszOTeFh\n/mUpY9QoX7w3cyb85S9ulTioLMaP95bmO+/AX/8Ke+1VaomCRaVspyKXC6FcKofvvoM//tFnIl18\nMfzf/4WJ+ErnscegVy/4yU98bKZ9+1JLFNSXsp2KHASLwvPPu72vCRNgzBifDRaKpfI58ECffPGj\nH7mDtVtuiVllQd1EyyVYbKZO9bUqAwZ498nPflZqiYIlxZgxvhZplVXgn/9019BB+RItl6Bi6d/f\nPSWusAKMHRuKpamzxRbw6qs+ZXm77eBvf3OXzUFQTK62xVJ8J+AtoLct7M8lbIs1Eb75Bs4+G554\nwn2r7L57nacETYy333bX0SusAHfcAR07llqioJhybrn0w6cdz8PMuptZl6RQ/pW2LNfg3iaz3AT8\nwsw2ADZIniwBfgF8mcKvBa5sQBmCRmboUOjSxWeCjRoVimVpZZNN4KWX3OLyttu6V9AgKJCnbTEk\nHQx8iLdcCmFhW6yJMHu2+3U/8EBfFHnHHWG1eGmnWTM3NvrEE/D730OPHjBjRqmlCsqB3GyLSWoJ\n/D+gT1G6sC3WBJg0yVsoQ4bAyJHuWjgICvz4x/DGG+4Fc+utfVwmWLpZHFOBxbbF+gDXmtm3qVWT\nK2H+pXQ8+aT3rffqBeeeG7bAgupp2dJnkD38sNuOO+cc+O1v3bxM0DiUk/mXOqciS+oMPG4Zfy7J\nDtgkYBszm5zCXgQKQ3ptcGd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4aZdzzGxIIbGZfSJpuqTtcfMvxwM3pOjH8MH/V4HDgeeq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\n5QJAO+UCQDvlAkA75QJAux/GvuSxPk6GdgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6080c29e50>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange, ones,pi,exp,mat,transpose,pi, fliplr, shape\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Given\n",
+    "# CTS Signal\n",
+    "A=2## Amplitude\n",
+    "Dt=0.01#\n",
+    "T1=49.5# #Time in seconds\n",
+    "t=arange(-T1/2,Dt+T1 /2, Dt)\n",
+    "xt=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(0,len(t)):\n",
+    "    xt.append(A)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Continuous time Fourier Transform\n",
+    "Wmax=2*pi*1## Analog Frequency = 1Hz\n",
+    "K =4#\n",
+    "k=arange(0,(K/1000)+K,(K/1000))\n",
+    "W=k*Wmax/K#\n",
+    "#xt=transpose(mat(xt))\n",
+    "XW =(mat(xt)*exp(1J*transpose(mat(t))*mat(W)*Dt))-5#\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "XW_Mag =(XW).real\n",
+    "W = -1*fliplr(mat(W))+W # (2:1001)]# # Omega from -Wmax to Wmax\n",
+    "XW_Mag = fliplr(mat(XW_Mag))+XW_Mag #(2:1001)\n",
+    "subplot(2 ,1 ,1)#\n",
+    "plot(t,xt)#\n",
+    "xlabel('t in msec .')#\n",
+    "title(' Contiuous Time Signal x(t) ')\n",
+    "subplot(2 ,1 ,2)#\n",
+    "i,j =shape(mat(W))\n",
+    "m,n=shape(XW_Mag)\n",
+    "W1=[];XW_Mag1=[]\n",
+    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
+    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
+    "        W1.append(mat(W)[ii,jj])\n",
+    "for ii in range(0,m):\n",
+    "    for jj in range(0,n):\n",
+    "        XW_Mag1.append(XW_Mag[ii,jj])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "plot(W1,XW_Mag1)\n",
+    "xlabel('Frequency in Radians/Seconds ')#\n",
+    "title('Continuous time Fourier Transform X(jW) = an Impulse Function' )\n",
+    "print '|F(w)|= 2*pi*A*delta(w), Hence the Fourier Transform of constant is an Impulse Function'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example13, page no 44"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "F(w)= 1/(j*w)+ pi*delta(w)\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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LWBX69euXdRHKEuVsXVHO1tMeygjtp5zNlfnA6JIs6zKEEEJ7IwmrwIXcEEII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\n+CL8978+hGgtqFhq5ZYkXEv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iead2FKtNT5tmZsPTRcNn5J15vgN2Nx/t6HbgFeALPDjl\nguv5wB3pYuF9edv7J94c8LJ8Y18Av6OBnh5m9ouknYFLU1CahI+c9oOZvSzpWxpu2snfZrk9SfI/\n92fpguQhwBXAXZL2BB4Evk/L3CNpUzxn+Uf4tYjCz/BKahp7Ex9q8cky3v8ISZvg6XFfBx4oWG5L\nfHS2YrYALpaUG4fgWDP7QlKxfb+9mT0kaVXgRUmT8e/rZGAv4Mp0YGgslXCuzP8Arpc0Gh+T98U0\nfZE0PVeRrMbBRwKRWjk0kaTTgO/N7II2er+FgRFmVlgL7vAkvYRfaP8167KEjiOad0JztElNIdW4\nnwVObIv3qzZmtkYE/NDaoqYfQgg1JGr6IYRQQyLohxBCDYmgH0IINSSCfggh1JAI+iGEUEMi6IcQ\nQg35f44uyQwHAKflAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6066d01690>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange, ones,pi,exp,mat,transpose,pi, fliplr, shape\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# CTS Signal\n",
+    "A =1# # Amplitude\n",
+    "Dt = 0.005#\n",
+    "T1 =0.5# #Time in seconds\n",
+    "t=arange(0,Dt+T1, Dt)\n",
+    "xt=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(0,len(t)):\n",
+    "    xt.append(A)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Continuous time Fourier Transform\n",
+    "Wmax= 2*pi*1# # Analog Frequency = 1Hz\n",
+    "K =4#\n",
+    "k=arange(0,(K/1000)+K,(K/1000))\n",
+    "W =k*Wmax/K#\n",
+    "#xt=transpose(mat(xt))\n",
+    "XW =mat(xt)*exp(-1J*transpose(mat(t))*mat(W))*Dt#\n",
+    "XW_Mag =(XW).real\n",
+    "W =-1*fliplr(mat(W))+W #(2:1001)]# # Omega from -Wmax to Wmax\n",
+    "XW_Mag =fliplr(mat(XW_Mag))+XW_Mag #(2:1001)]\n",
+    "# displaying the given function\n",
+    "subplot(2 ,1 ,1)#\n",
+    "plot(t,xt)#\n",
+    "xlabel('t in msec .')#\n",
+    "title(' Contiuous Time Signal x(t) ')\n",
+    "# displaying the fourier Transform of the given function\n",
+    "subplot(2 ,1 ,2)#\n",
+    "print 'F(w)= 1/(j*w)+ pi*delta(w)'\n",
+    "i,j =shape(mat(W))\n",
+    "m,n=shape(XW_Mag)\n",
+    "W1=[];XW_Mag1=[]\n",
+    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
+    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
+    "        W1.append(mat(W)[ii,jj])\n",
+    "for ii in range(0,m):\n",
+    "    for jj in range(0,n):\n",
+    "        XW_Mag1.append(XW_Mag[ii,jj])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "plot(W1,XW_Mag1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "xlabel('Frequency in Radians / Seconds ')#\n",
+    "title('Continuous time Fourier Transform X(jW)' )\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example14, page no 44"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6080bf8a10>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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Ylm9WYRdIbSrkCKAjsAOwFLgBaAzg7kOibQYSZtSsBS5w9zcq2Y9G7gVk1aqw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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6066d83990>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import pi,sqrt\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# CTS Signal\n",
+    "# Continuous Time Fourier Transforms of\n",
+    "# Sinusoidal waveforms(a)sin(Wot)(b)cos(Wot)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# CTFT\n",
+    "T1 = 2#\n",
+    "T = 4* T1#\n",
+    "Wo = 2* pi /T#\n",
+    "W = [-Wo ,0, Wo ]#\n",
+    "ak = (2* pi *Wo*T1/ pi )/ 1J#\n",
+    "XW = [-ak ,0, ak ]#\n",
+    "ak1 = (2* pi*Wo*T1/pi)#\n",
+    "XW1 =[ ak1 ,0, ak1 ]#\n",
+    "#displaying the given function\n",
+    "plot(W,[aa.imag for aa in XW])\n",
+    "xlabel('W' )#\n",
+    "title( 'CTFT of sin(Wot ) ')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "#displaying the fourier Transform of the given function\n",
+    "plot(W,XW1)\n",
+    "xlabel('W' )#\n",
+    "title( 'CTFT of cos (Wot)')\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example16, page no 47"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Spectral Amplitude of the given function is given by \n",
+      "Fn= A*delta/2 *[Sa(n*pi*delta/T)]\n",
+      "Therefore the fourier transform will be :\n",
+      "F[f(t)]=0.628319 ∑Sa[n*pi/10]8delta(w-4*n*pi)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import pi\n",
+    "A=1\n",
+    "delta=50e-3\n",
+    "T=500e-3\n",
+    "print 'Spectral Amplitude of the given function is given by '# Displaying the expression for Spectral Amplitude\n",
+    "print 'Fn= A*delta/2 *[Sa(n*pi*delta/T)]'\n",
+    "print 'Therefore the fourier transform will be :'\n",
+    "print 'F[f(t)]=%f ∑Sa[n*pi/10]8delta(w-4*n*pi)'%(2*pi*A*delta/T)# Displaying the Fourier transform"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example17,page no12"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "F[∂t(t)]= 2*pi/T*∑∂(w-wo)\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6080bf8910>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import ones,pi\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Given:\n",
+    "# CTFT\n",
+    "T = range(-4,5)##\n",
+    "T1 = 1# # Sampling Interval\n",
+    "xt = ones (len(T))#\n",
+    "ak = 1/ T1#\n",
+    "XW = 2* pi *ak* ones (len(T))#\n",
+    "Wo = 2*pi/T1#\n",
+    "W = [Wo*Tt for Tt in T]#\n",
+    "# Displaying the given function\n",
+    "subplot(2 ,1 ,1)\n",
+    "plot(T,xt)\n",
+    "xlabel ( 't ' )#\n",
+    "title('Periodic Impulse Train ')\n",
+    "# displaying the fourier Transform of the given function\n",
+    "subplot(2 ,1 ,2)\n",
+    "plot(W,XW)\n",
+    "xlabel('t')#\n",
+    "title ( 'CTFT of Periodic Impulse Train')\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print 'F[∂t(t)]= 2*pi/T*∑∂(w-wo)'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example18,page no12"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Hence Fourier transform of given Gate function is:\n",
+      " A*delta*Sa[w*delta/2]/ exp(-j*w*delta/2)\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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gKXK2JWbWp4w0TdKbES6xGZjZeNy+eqWknSR1Sh1f20k6LyW7DTg1dWQtktKX\nO7xvNG72aC6vAXvJo5b1YkbztiDXAZLWlDQ3XmMabGafmtkYXPnvk449ELfLAiDpd5oxfHAc/lKX\nMnGNSduXK7GvIVS0XFi/Dvi9pA3kzCfp15IaqzVOJ5kX7gTOkjR/6lA8DjeNAQwFNpfUQ95Rf1Ij\n8hVzNXCypFVgeqfx78qVrwFKnXN+vJIwWdJKwOHl5lHuPUxmoeeBc+SDEtbAHSveXJy2AXnLHuGU\nKh/XAsea2dhUGXgMHyFXYACzmrGyMk/BP5J/ZOYa/bNp20ymHfnIsIXweTA1Qyj9ZmJmF+EP0ql4\nE/ZTvGlV6Nz9O/4Avp5+Q9K26Vk0kP31wCrJVHBvqdOXOD67fgxeY/oWN4lM73A2syfw0R/34LW5\nZZhhVgKvJZ2A14xXIdWYEusBgyVNxO3LR5vZiFmEM5uMmxyek49k2bCEzKWuv3i/pfxeSXJdAYzF\nJxDtO8vRDecNPt5/El6THsSMDnPM7HHgDvxevQw8WCKfeu+Zmd2Hd8rfnkazvIGPtGn02EbkL3Wv\nj8fv6wRcUd5e4pji/ArbyrqHiT54y2gU3pl+mpk92YBc5cheXzmcDbxV1FI6FtgutX7AK029Jc1T\nTx7giv1nuKIvMAg37xWbdvbE+2l+bCC/2Y5m+96R1A8fIfBVoXlVtH8vZtgPJ+IdcK+3QNYgCGoc\nSWfhOufSNBLtujTyqKn5zI23iDez1p/kVtW0ROlvhtt9b6xH6W+Ef7nHJxNDXzNraLRFEARB2Ug6\nGtjBzH6VtyztiWZ35JrZIElLN7D/hczqi1Tx7NogCNoXki4FtmfGaJ6gTNrKpt+eXQkEQVBlmNkx\nZracmT3beOogS8WHbKYZfAfiHvxK7a9KVwtBEATVjjUj3GxFa/ppmNd1uJvWeidAWBW4MG3sd/rp\np+cuQ8gZcrZnOduDjO1JzuZSMaWfpvXfS8OuBIIgCII2pNnmnTQ9eAvcHcFI3JFSR5g+0/Y0YEHc\nlQDAj2a2QYslDoIgCJpNS0bvNDg92MwOxj0SzhbU1dXlLUJZhJytS8jZerQHGaH9yNlccg+MLsny\nliEIgqC9IQmrto7cIAiCoLoIpR8EQVBDhNIPgiCoIULpB0EQ1BCh9IMgCGqIUPpBEAQ1RCj9IAiC\nGqLZSl9SP0mjJb3RQJrLJL0vaZiktZt7riAIgqB1aElNvz/Qq76dknoDy5vZCnhQ4qtacK4gCIKg\nFWi20jc3dEynAAAbWElEQVSzQXgM1vrYEbghpX0R6Cppseaery344Qf4tqErCoKgJjGDMWPylqJ1\nqKRNf0lgZGb9M6o8etbQobD00vCb38Ddd8OUKXlLFARBnrz5Jhx/PPz85/CnP+UtTetQ6SAqxX4h\nSjrZ6du37/Tlurq63BwebbghfPIJ/Oc/cPXVcMghsOeecMQRsMoquYgUBEEbM2EC3H47XH89fPYZ\n7LcfDBgAq62Wr1wDBw5k4MCBLc6nRQ7XUozcB610YPSrgYFmdntafwfYwsxGF6WrWodrn30G110H\n114LK60ERx0FO+8Mc8SYpyCY7Rg5Ei69FPr3h7o6OOgg2GYbmLPi8QWbRzU6XHsA2BdAUk9gXLHC\nr3a6d4czzvDa/+9/D+efD6uuCjfdBFOn5i1dEAStwfDh3qJfay233Q8dCvfcA717V6/CbwnNruln\ng6gAo5k1iAqSrsBH+EwCDjCzV0vkU7U1/WLM4Mkn4e9/9w/Bqad6069Dh7wlC4Kgqbz3nlfqHn/c\n7fWHHQZduuQtVfk0t6Yf/vSbybPPwsknw9ixcN55XitQk4s/CIK25rPP4LTT4MEH4dhj4eijYYEF\n8paq6VSjeWe2ZtNN4emn4Zxz4IQT4Je/hFdnaccEQVAtTJnirfQ114TFF4f334dTTmmfCr8lhNJv\nARLssAO8/jrstZfX9o86CsaNy1uyIAgKmMG99/oIvKFD4eWX4eyzoWvXvCXLh1D6rcCcc/rwzrfe\n8gleq6wCN9/sD1sQBPnxySdeGTvtNPjXv7yDdtll85YqX0LptyILLQTXXOPj/C+6CLbeGkaMyFuq\nIKg9fvoJLr8c1l0XNtvMa/hbbZW3VNVBKP0KsOGG3oTcdltYf33/EEStPwjahrffdkV/xx0zBlx0\n7Ji3VNVDKP0K0aED/PnP3tl7/fX+Afj007ylCoLZl2nTfHLVZpvB3nvDM8/4pMpgZkLpV5hVVoHn\nn/fRPeuuC7femrdEQTD78cUXsN12cNttMHgw/OEPMXO+PqJY2oA554STToLHHoMzz4QDDoDvvstb\nqiCYPbj/flh7bejZEwYNguWXz1ui6qZFSl9SL0nvpEApJ5bYv4ikRyS9Jmm4pP1bcr72zlprwZAh\nvrzeevDaa/nKEwTtme+/9xr9ccf5kMwzzgjbfTm0JHJWB6DgZmEVoI+klYuSHQkMNbO1gDrgQkmz\noTeL8pl/fnfodNpp7szpiiuikzcImsrHH/sEyTFjvPK08cZ5S9R+aElNfwPgAzMbYWY/ArcDOxWl\n+QLonJY7A9+YWbgqwx08vfAC9OvnnU6TJuUtURC0Dx56yE05e+8Nd94JnTs3fkwwg5Yo/VJBUpYs\nSnMdsKqkUcAw4JgWnG+2Y7nl4Lnn3Oa/0Ubw4Yd5SxQE1cvUqe424fe/97kwxx4b/q6aQ0tMLeUY\nJU4GXjOzOknLAY9JWtPMJmYTVUsQlTyYd17497/hqqu8idq/v88gDIJgBmPHwu67+/Irr8Cii+Yr\nTx7kHkQl+cjva2a90vpJwDQzOy+TZgBwlpk9l9afAE40syGZNO3Sy2YleP552G03OPRQd9scQ86C\nwN2b7LST/847L1yZF8jDy+YQYAVJS0uaC9gdD5yS5R1g6yTgYsCKwEctOOdszcYb+0zeRx6BPn1g\n8uS8JQqCfHnoIY9ideqpcMEFofBbg2Yr/dQheyTwX+At4A4ze1vSYZIOS8nOBtaTNAx4HPizmY1t\nqdCzM926eaCWjh1hiy1g1Ki8JQqCtsfMI9UdeqiPw99vv7wlmn2IICpVipn76r/qKn/o11knb4mC\noG34/ntX9m++CffdBz165C1RdRJBVGYzJHcUdckl7rfn3nvzligIKs/YsfCrX3nAk0GDQuFXglD6\nVc6uu7qN/5hjvLkbjaJgduWjj7xfq2dP95DZqVPeEs2ehHmnnfD55+5QavPN3ZNgdGgFsxMvvQQ7\n7+zj8I84Im9p2gcRGL0GGD8edtnFZyDeequP8Q+C9s7998PBB7sL8h13zFua9kPY9GuALl3g4Ydh\nvvk8CtDXX+ctURC0jCuugMMPhwEDQuG3FaH02xlzzQU33ujDOTfZxO2gQdDemDYNjj8errzSXZGs\nv37eEtUONe3xsr0yxxw+nLNHD/c0+MAD7qo5CNoDP/4IBx7onjKfe85jSwdtR9j02zkFe+gtt7ir\n5iCoZqZMcVcj06bBXXfFCJ2WkItNv7EgKilNnaShKYjKwJacL5iVnXZyj4MFN7NBUK2MG+dzTrp0\n8UlXofDzoSUO1zoA7+K+dT4HXgb6mNnbmTRdgeeAbc3sM0mLmNnXRflETb8VGDbMvXOeeqp3jAVB\nNTF6tCv8zTf3CYfhTLDl5FHTLyeIyp7APWb2GUCxwg9ajzXXhGeecadUf/97TOIKqocRI7zvaZdd\nfI5JKPx8qXQQlRWAhSQ9JWmIpH1acL6gEZZbDp591s08xx3ndtMgyJPhw2GzzXxG+WmnRdCTaqDS\nQVQ6AusAWwGdgBckDTaz97OJajmISmvTrRs8/TTssIN7JuzXL4JFB/kweLDPsr3oIg8PGrSM9hJE\n5URgXjPrm9b/BTxiZndn0oRNvwJMngy/+53XrO68MzrNgrbl0Udhr73ghhsiElylqNYgKvcDm0rq\nIKkTsCHuez+oMJ06+QiJBRf0oZzjxuUtUVAr3Hkn7LOPP3+h8KuPigZRMbN3gEeA14EXgevMLJR+\nG9Gxo9e01l3XZ/B+8UXeEgWzO1df7f1Jjz3mM8aD6iMmZ9UAZnDWWR6A/dFHYdll85YomN0wg7PP\n9j6kRx/1QQVBZWmueSfcMNQAko/fX3hhHyf98MOw+up5SxXMLhT86Dz+uI8e69Ytb4mChgilX0Mc\nfrjb+Lfe2mfxbrxx3hIF7Z2pU90NyPvv+6ixBRfMW6KgMULp1xh77AFdu/pQuhtvhF698pYoaK9M\nmeLP0w8/uElnvvnyligoh5gbV4P06uUjK/bbD267LW9pgvbI+PEeyW2++dzpXyj89kMo/Rpl443d\nBnvCCfDPf+YtTdCe+Oor2HJLWG01uPlmj/EQtB9C6dcwq6/u/nouugjOPDP89QSNU/Cjs/32cPnl\n4UenPRJDNgO+/NI9INbVwcUXx4sclObNN900eOKJcOSReUsTRGD0oEWMG+e1t2WWCX89way88AL8\n5jfhR6eaqNogKind+pKmStqlJecLKkfXrj4CY+xYd4E7ZUreEgXVwiOPeLCe/v1D4c8ONFvppyAq\nVwC9gFWAPpJWrifdebg7hnCsWsUU/PV06eLmnvDXE9x2m4/yuu8+H60TtH8qHUQF4CjgbmBMC84V\ntBEdO/r4/bXWchv/6NF5SxTkxZVXwp//DE88ERP5ZicqGkRF0pL4h+CqtCmM9+2AOebwCEe77OIj\nNUaMyFuioC0xg759PazhM8/40Mxg9qHSQVQuAf5iZiZJ1GPeiSAq1YfkkY4WWsgjHz38cLz8tcBP\nP8Gxx7oPnWefhcUWy1uioEB7CaLyETMU/SLAZOAQM3sgkyZG71Q5t97q7nLvuw822ihvaYJKMWWK\n+8H/5psZfTtB9VKVQVTMbFk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QPEV5HZnJaznzIA8C/pdJ8xOuIEvahM1sMvAYsDPwO8pz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\n/w+9sYHJi5vhcwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6066c6b150>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange, pi,exp,mat, transpose,fliplr,shape\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Given:\n",
+    "# CTS Signal\n",
+    "A =1# # Amplitude\n",
+    "Dt = 0.005#\n",
+    "T1 = 2# #Time in seconds\n",
+    "t = arange(0,Dt+T1 /2, Dt)\n",
+    "xt=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(0,len(t)):\n",
+    "    xt.append(A)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Continuous time Fourier Transform\n",
+    "Wmax= 2*pi*1# # Analog Frequency = 1Hz\n",
+    "K =4#\n",
+    "k=arange(0,(K/1000)+K,(K/1000))\n",
+    "W =k*Wmax/K#\n",
+    "XW =mat(xt)*exp(-1J*transpose(mat(t))*mat(W))*Dt#\n",
+    "XW_Mag =(XW).real\n",
+    "W =-fliplr(mat(W))+W #(2:1001)]# # Omega from  Wmax to Wmax\n",
+    "XW_Mag =fliplr(mat(XW_Mag))+XW_Mag #(2:1001)]#\n",
+    "# displaying the given function\n",
+    "subplot(2 ,1 ,1)#\n",
+    "plot(t,xt)#\n",
+    "xlabel('t in msec .')#\n",
+    "title(' Contiuous Time Signal x(t)  {Gate Function} ')\n",
+    "# displaying the fourier Transform of the given function\n",
+    "subplot(2 ,1 ,2)#\n",
+    "i,j =shape(mat(W))\n",
+    "m,n=shape(XW_Mag)\n",
+    "W1=[];XW_Mag1=[]\n",
+    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
+    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
+    "        W1.append(mat(W)[ii,jj])\n",
+    "for ii in range(0,m):\n",
+    "    for jj in range(0,n):\n",
+    "        XW_Mag1.append(XW_Mag[ii,jj])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "plot(W1,XW_Mag1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "xlabel('Frequency in Radians / Seconds ')#\n",
+    "title('Continuous time Fourier Transform X(jW)' )\n",
+    "print 'Hence Fourier transform of given Gate function is:\\n A*delta*Sa[w*delta/2]/ exp(-j*w*delta/2)'"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter10.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter10.ipynb
index 0eb7d255..f6183fac 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter10.ipynb
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter10_sxtQrwj.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter10_sxtQrwj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f6183fac..00000000
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter10_sxtQrwj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,165 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter No 10 - Propagation of radio waves"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example10.1 PageNo 412"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Field strength will reduce by 5.23 dBs\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt, log10\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Pt1=100#Radiated power\n",
-    "Pt2=30# Reduced Power \n",
-    "r=1#assume distance to be unity for easeof calculation\n",
-    "E1=300*sqrt(100)/r\n",
-    "E2=300*sqrt(30)/r\n",
-    "E=20*log10((E2/E1))# Reduction in field strength in dBs\n",
-    "print 'Field strength will reduce by %0.2f dBs'%(-E)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example10.2 PageNo 413"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The field strength at distance 20km is 190.53 uV/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "P=3#Transmitter power\n",
-    "ht=100# Antenna height\n",
-    "G=5#Antenna gain\n",
-    "d=20e3#distance\n",
-    "lamda=1\n",
-    "hr=1#assumed\n",
-    "E=((88*G*ht*hr*P**0.5)/(lamda*d**2))#field strength\n",
-    "print 'The field strength at distance 20km is %0.2f uV/m'%(E*1e6)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example10.3 PageNo 413"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Direct ray coverage is possible over 63.03 km\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "ht=152.5\n",
-    "hr=9.15 # Antenna height\n",
-    "d=4100*(sqrt(ht)+sqrt(hr)) #distance\n",
-    "print 'Direct ray coverage is possible over %0.2f km'%(d*1e-3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example10.4 PageNo 414"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Max possible distance for efective point to point\n",
-      " communication is 514.48 km\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "ht=3e3\n",
-    "hr=5e3 # Antenna height\n",
-    "d=4100*(sqrt(ht)+sqrt(hr))#distance\n",
-    "print 'Max possible distance for efective point to point\\n communication is %0.2f km'%(d*1e-3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter11.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter11.ipynb
index b8b0be75..b8b0be75 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter11_vLz31KG.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter11_vLz31KG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b8b0be75..00000000
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter11_vLz31KG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter No 11 - Broadband Communication"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example11.1, page no 435"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The total no of samples per second is:\n",
-      "160000 samples/second\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "c=20# no of signal channels\n",
-    "s=8e3# Channel sampling rate\n",
-    "t=1/s# time interval over which ll channels are sampled once\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "g=5e-6# guaed time for each channel sample\n",
-    "s_duration=t-g# duration of each sample\n",
-    "#c\n",
-    "samples_sec=c*s#\n",
-    "print 'The total no of samples per second is:\\n%d samples/second'%samples_sec"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter15.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter15.ipynb
index d45717f4..d6efc4c4 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter15.ipynb
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter15_NAUVEiD.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter15_NAUVEiD.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index d6efc4c4..00000000
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter15_NAUVEiD.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,153 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter No 15 - Basic Information theory"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example15.1, page no 533"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The source entropy is: 1.50 bits/symbol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "P_A=0.5# probability of producing symbol 'A'\n",
-    "P_B=0.25# probability of producing symbol 'B'\n",
-    "P_C=0.25# probability of producing symbol 'C'\n",
-    "def log2(x):\n",
-    "    return log(x,2)\n",
-    "H=P_A*log2(1/P_A)+P_B*log2(1/P_B)+P_C*log2(1/P_C)# the source entropy\n",
-    "print 'The source entropy is: %0.2f bits/symbol'%(H)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example15.2, page no 535"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The source entropy is: 1.94 bits/symbol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "def log2(x):\n",
-    "    return log(x,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "P_A=0.5\n",
-    "P_B=0.25\n",
-    "P_C=1/32\n",
-    "P_D=1/8\n",
-    "P_E=1/16\n",
-    "P_F=1/32# probabilities of producing respective symbol\n",
-    "H=(P_A*log2(1/P_A))+(P_B*log2(1/P_B))+(P_C*log2(1/P_C))+(P_D*log2(1/P_D))+(P_E*log2(1/P_E))+(P_F*log2(1/P_F))# Source Entropy\n",
-    "n=6\n",
-    "T=1\n",
-    "print 'The source entropy is: %0.2f bits/symbol'%(round(1000*H)/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example15.3, page no 536"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a)\n",
-      "  Channel capacity is: 20 Kbits/sec\n",
-      "    Bandwidth: 5 KHz\n",
-      "b)\n",
-      "  SNR for 3KHz bandwidth: 100.59\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "def log2(x):\n",
-    "    return log(x,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "B1=4e3#Channel Bandwidth\n",
-    "SNR1=31#Channel SNR\n",
-    "C1=B1*log2(1+SNR1)#Channel Capacity\n",
-    "SNR2=14#Reduced SNR\n",
-    "B2=round(C1/log2(1+SNR2))#Bandwidth for reduced SNR with same Channel capacity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "B3=3e3#Reduced Bandwidth\n",
-    "SNR3=(2**(C1/B3))-1#Signal Power for reduced bandwidth\n",
-    "print 'a)\\n  Channel capacity is: %d Kbits/sec\\n    Bandwidth: %d KHz\\nb)\\n  SNR for 3KHz bandwidth: %0.2f'%(C1*1e-3,B2*1e-3,SNR3)\n",
-    "# the Answer in the book is wrong.It is printed as 90.4 for SNR3 but it should be 100.59"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter1_fAOC2QW.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter1_fAOC2QW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0bf8c0e2..00000000
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter1_fAOC2QW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1411 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1 : Signals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example1,page no12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of the above integral is:C=0\n",
-      " Since C=0, the two functions: \n",
-      "  f(t)=sin(n*wo*t)\n",
-      "  g(t)=cos(n*wo*t) are Orthogonal\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy.random import randint\n",
-    "from numpy import pi, arange\n",
-    "from mpmath  import quad, sin, cos\n",
-    "#Given:\n",
-    "n=round(randint(1000))#any integers\n",
-    "m=round(randint(1000))#any integers\n",
-    "wo=2*(n+m)*pi#Angular Freq\n",
-    "t=arange(0,2*pi/wo,0.01)\n",
-    "to=0;t1=2*pi/wo\n",
-    "C= quad(lambda t:sin(n*wo*t)*cos(m*wo*t),[to,t1])# integrating sin(n*wo*t)*cos(m*wo*t) function\n",
-    "print \"The value of the above integral is:C=%d\\n Since C=%d, the two functions: \\n  f(t)=sin(n*wo*t)\\n  g(t)=cos(n*wo*t) are Orthogonal\"%(C,C)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example2,page no 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The optimum value of C to minimise the mean square error is:\n",
-      " C= 1.273240\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,pi\n",
-    "from mpmath  import quad, sin, cos\n",
-    "#Given:\n",
-    "# Curve on page no 9....fig 1.6\n",
-    "t=arange(0,2*pi,0.1)\n",
-    "t0=0\n",
-    "t1=2*pi\n",
-    "C=((quad(lambda t: sin(t),[t0,t1/2])-quad(lambda t: sin(t),[t1/2,t1]))/quad(lambda t :(sin(t))**2,[t0,t1]))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The optimum value of C to minimise the mean square error is:\\n C= %f\"%(C)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3,page no12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a) The value of constants Cn are:\n",
-      "1.273237    for n= 1\n",
-      "\n",
-      "0.000000    for n= 2\n",
-      "\n",
-      "0.424406    for n= 3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "0.000000    for n= 4\n",
-      "\n",
-      "0.254636    for n= 5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "0.000000    for n= 6\n",
-      "\n",
-      "0.181874    for n= 7\n",
-      "\n",
-      "b) Mean Square error is\n",
-      "epsi(1) = 0.190000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "epsi(3) = 0.100000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "epsi(5) = 0.070000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "epsi(7) = 0.050000\n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange\n",
-    "from mpmath  import quad\n",
-    "from math import pi,sin\n",
-    "#Given:\n",
-    "#a  # Referance Figure on page no 9.. (1.6d)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=range(0,int(2*3.14+1))\n",
-    "t0=0\n",
-    "t1=2*3.14\n",
-    "print 'a) The value of constants Cn are:'\n",
-    "C=[]        \n",
-    "for i in range(1,8):\n",
-    "    C.append((quad(lambda t:sin(i*t),[t0,t1/2])-quad(lambda t:sin(i*t),[t1/2,t1]))/quad(lambda t:(sin(i*t))**2,[t0,t1]))\n",
-    "    if C[i-1] <= 0.01:\n",
-    "        C[i-1]=0\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    print '%f    for n= %d\\n'%(C[i-1],i)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b Mean Square error\n",
-    "\n",
-    "int1=quad(lambda t:(1)**2,[t0,t1])\n",
-    "for n in range(1,8):\n",
-    "    if (n%2) == 0:\n",
-    "        C[n-1] = 0\n",
-    "    else:\n",
-    "        C[n-1]=4.0/(n*pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "K=[]\n",
-    "for n in range(1,8):\n",
-    " \n",
-    "    K.append(quad(lambda t:(sin(n*t))**2,[t0,t1]))\n",
-    " \n",
-    "K[n-1]=pi\n",
-    "S=[0]\n",
-    "for n in range(1,8):\n",
-    "    S.append(S[n-1]+(((C[n-1])**2)*K[n-1]))\n",
-    "#Mean Square error\n",
-    "epsi=[]\n",
-    "for n in range(1,8):\n",
-    "    epsi.append((1.0/(t1-t0)*(int1-S[n])))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'b) Mean Square error is'\n",
-    "for n in arange(1,2+7,2):\n",
-    "    print 'epsi(%d) = %f\\n'%(n,round(100*epsi[n-1])/100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example4,page no12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "P0 = 1\n",
-      "P1 = t\n",
-      "P2 = 1.5*t**2 - 0.5\n",
-      "P3 = 2.5*t**2 - 1.5\n",
-      "\n",
-      "The Constant coeff (Cn) values are :\n",
-      "C0 = 0.0\n",
-      "C1 = -1.5\n",
-      "C2 = 0.0\n",
-      "C3 = 0.875\n",
-      "\n",
-      "f(t)= 0*P0 + -1.500000*P1 + 0*P2 + 0.875000*P3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols,solve\n",
-    "from mpmath  import quad\n",
-    "from numpy import arange\n",
-    "#Given:\n",
-    "t=arange(-1,1.01,0.01)\n",
-    "t0=-1\n",
-    "t1=1\n",
-    "# Legendre Polynomial\n",
-    "t=symbols(\"t\")\n",
-    "P0=1\n",
-    "P1=t\n",
-    "P2=-0.5+1.5*t**2\n",
-    "P3=-1.5+2.5*t**2\n",
-    "print \"P0 =\",P0\n",
-    "print \"P1 =\",P1\n",
-    "print \"P2 =\",P2\n",
-    "print \"P3 =\",P3\n",
-    "#The Constant coeff (Cn)\n",
-    "C0=0.5*(quad(lambda t:1,[-1,0])+quad(lambda t:-1,[0,1]))\n",
-    "C1=1.5*(quad(lambda t:t,[-1,0])+quad(lambda t:-t,[0,1]))\n",
-    "C2=2.5*(quad(lambda t:(1.5*t**2)-0.5,[-1,0])+quad(lambda t:-(1.5*t**2)+0.5,[0,1]))\n",
-    "C3=3.5*(quad(lambda t:(2.5*t**3)-(1.5*t),[-1,0])+quad(lambda t:-(2.5*t**3)+(1.5*t),[0,1]))\n",
-    "print \"\\nThe Constant coeff (Cn) values are :\"\n",
-    "print \"C0 =\",C0\n",
-    "print \"C1 =\",C1\n",
-    "print \"C2 =\",C2\n",
-    "print \"C3 =\",C3\n",
-    "print \"\\nf(t)= %d*%s + %f*%s + %d*%s + %f*%s\"%(C0,\"P0\",C1,\"P1\",C2,\"P2\",C3,\"P3\")"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5, page no 19"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of a0 is: 0.500000\n",
-      "\n",
-      "The values of a(n):   (upto n=10)\n",
-      "0\n",
-      "0\n",
-      "0\n",
-      "0\n",
-      "0\n",
-      "0\n",
-      "0\n",
-      "0\n",
-      "0\n",
-      "0\n",
-      "The values of b(n):    (upto n=10)\n",
-      "-0.318308838986\n",
-      "-0.159152848691\n",
-      "-0.106100153783\n",
-      "-0.0795732827116\n",
-      "-0.0636567411629\n",
-      "-0.0530453643632\n",
-      "-0.0454655102642\n",
-      "-0.0397803578398\n",
-      "-0.0353583398512\n",
-      "-0.0318205159538\n",
-      "The trigonometric Fourier series for given function\n",
-      " can be written as:\n",
-      "\n",
-      "f(t)=-0.318309-0.159153sin(2*pi*t)-0.106100sin(4*pi*t)\n",
-      "-0.079573sin(6*pi*t)-0.063657sin(8*pi*t)-0.053045sin(10*pi*t)\n",
-      "-0.045466sin(12*pi*t)-0.039780sin(14*pi*t).......\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,cos,sin\n",
-    "from numpy import arange,trapz\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "T=1\n",
-    "t0=0\n",
-    "wo=2*pi\n",
-    "P=1\n",
-    "t=arange(0,1.001,0.001)\n",
-    "f=P*t\n",
-    "#The trigonometric Fourier series coeff for given function\n",
-    "a0=(1/T)*trapz(t,f)\n",
-    "a=[]\n",
-    "a.append(0)\n",
-    "for n in range(1,11):\n",
-    "    f1=[]\n",
-    "    for tt in t:\n",
-    "        f1.append((P*tt)*cos(wo*n*tt))\n",
-    "    a.append((2/T)*trapz(t,f1))\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    if a[(n)]<2.01:\n",
-    "        a[(n)]=0\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "b=[]\n",
-    "b.append(0)\n",
-    "for n in range(1,11):\n",
-    "    f2=[]\n",
-    "    for tt in t:\n",
-    "        f2.append((P*tt)*sin(2*pi*(1/T)*n*tt))\n",
-    "    b.append(-(2/T)*trapz(t,f2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Displaying trigonometric Fourier series coeff\n",
-    "print \"The value of a0 is: %f\\n\"%(a0)\n",
-    "print \"The values of a(n):   (upto n=10)\"\n",
-    "for n in range(1,11):\n",
-    "    print a[(n)]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The values of b(n):    (upto n=10)\"\n",
-    "for n in range(1,11):\n",
-    "    print b[(n)]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The trigonometric Fourier series for given function\\n can be written as:\\n\"\n",
-    "print \"f(t)=%f%fsin(2*pi*t)%fsin(4*pi*t)\\n%fsin(6*pi*t)%fsin(8*pi*t)%fsin(10*pi*t)\\n%fsin(12*pi*t)%fsin(14*pi*t).......\"%(b[1],b[2],b[3],b[4],b[5],b[6],b[7],b[8])"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6, page no 21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Exponential Fourier coeff(Fn) are:for n=-5 to 5\n",
-      "-0.05j \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(1+0j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "-0.0981305252753j \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(1+0j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "-0.315687575734j \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(0.5+0j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "0j \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(1-0.153884176859j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "0j \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(1-0.0688190960236j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "0j \n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "The given function in Expo Fourier series can be represented as \n",
-      "\n",
-      "f(t)= 0.500000+jP/2*pi* ∑1/n *exp(j2*pi*t)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import nditer,trapz\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t0=1\n",
-    "T=1\n",
-    "w0=2*3.14/T\n",
-    "P=1\n",
-    "t=arange(0,0.1+1,0.1)\n",
-    "f=[P*tt for tt in t]# function f(t)=P*t, 0<t<1\n",
-    "a=1\n",
-    "print 'The Exponential Fourier coeff(Fn) are:for n=-5 to 5'\n",
-    "Fr=[];Fi=[]\n",
-    "for n in range(-5,6):  # Calculating the fourier coeff\n",
-    "    fr=[ff*cos(pi*n*tt/T) for ff,tt in nditer([f,t])]\n",
-    "    #Fr(a)=inttrap(t,fr)\n",
-    "    Fr.append(trapz(t,fr))\n",
-    "    fi=[ff*sin(pi*n*tt/T) for ff,tt in nditer([f,t])]\n",
-    "    Fi.append(trapz(t,fi))\n",
-    "    if Fr[a-1] < 0.01:\n",
-    "        Fr[a-1]=0\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    if Fi[a-1] < 0.01:\n",
-    "        Fi[a-1]=0\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    print Fr[a-1]-1J*Fi[a-1],'\\n'\n",
-    "    a=a+1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print '\\nThe given function in Expo Fourier series can be represented as \\n'\n",
-    "print 'f(t)= %f+jP/2*pi* ∑1/n *exp(j2*pi*t)'%(P/2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7, page no 22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Expo fourier series coeff are: for n=-5 to 5\n",
-      "(2.77555756156e-17-1.37737043993e-15j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(0.127481160803+3.12250225676e-16j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-1.9567680809e-15-1.47624967806e-15j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(0.636776885598+6.54858112181e-16j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-1.69309011255e-15-0.5j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-1.90970223489+0j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-1.69309011255e-15+0.5j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(0.636776885598-6.54858112181e-16j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-1.9567680809e-15+1.47624967806e-15j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(0.127481160803-3.12250225676e-16j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(2.77555756156e-17+1.37737043993e-15j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "The given function in Expo Fourier series can be represented as \n",
-      "\n",
-      "f(t)= 2V/pi -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/3*pi -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/15*pi\n",
-      "      -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/35*pi ...\n",
-      "     -2V*exp(-j2*pi*t)/3*pi -2V*exp(-j2*pi*t)/15*pi...\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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jUFNkpKfDxx/DddeFVy4jOEqr2CdNgg4doEqV8MlkBMcxxzhLe9o0b/r3WjEE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\nRYuce+PHH3urFAAqVICzz3avhx6CzEy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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f3df8629110>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,sin,pi,cos,trapz,nditer,zeros\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline \n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,title,legend,xlabel,ylabel,show\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "V=1\n",
-    "t0=1\n",
-    "T=1\n",
-    "w0=2*3.14/T\n",
-    "P=1\n",
-    "t=arange(0,0.01+3,0.01)\n",
-    "f=[V*abs(sin(pi*tt)) for tt in t]\n",
-    "#The Expo fourier series coeff\n",
-    "print 'The Expo fourier series coeff are: for n=-5 to 5'\n",
-    "a=1\n",
-    "Fr=[];Fi=[];mag=[]\n",
-    "for n in range(-5,6):\n",
-    "    fr=[ff*cos(pi*n*tt/T) for ff,tt in nditer([f,t])]\n",
-    "    Fr.append(trapz(t,fr))\n",
-    "    fi=[ff*sin(pi*n*tt/T) for ff,tt in nditer([f,t])] \n",
-    "    Fi.append(trapz(t,fi))\n",
-    "    mag.append(abs(Fr[a-1]+1J*Fi[a-1]))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "    print Fr[a-1]-(1J*Fi[a-1]),'\\n'\n",
-    "    x=zeros(len(t))\n",
-    "    #x=x+((Fr(a))-1J*Fi(a)).*(cos(pi*n*t/T)+1J*sin(pi*n*t/T))\n",
-    "    x=x+((Fr[a-1])-1J*Fi[a-1])*(cos(pi*n*t/T)+1J*sin(pi*n*t/T))\n",
-    "    a=a+1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'The given function in Expo Fourier series can be represented as \\n'\n",
-    "print 'f(t)= 2V/pi -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/3*pi -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/15*pi\\n      -2V*exp(j2*pi*t)/35*pi ...\\n     -2V*exp(-j2*pi*t)/3*pi -2V*exp(-j2*pi*t)/15*pi...'\n",
-    "n=range(-5,6)\n",
-    "subplot(2,1,1)\n",
-    "plot(t,f) # Rectified sine function Plot\n",
-    "xlabel(\"t\")\n",
-    "ylabel(\"sin(t)\")\n",
-    "legend([\"sin(pi*t)\"])\n",
-    "subplot(2,1,2)\n",
-    "plot(n,mag) #Plot of the magnitude of the Fourier coeff\n",
-    "xlabel(\"w\")\n",
-    "ylabel(\"Fn\")\n",
-    "legend([\"Expo Fourier Coeff\"])\n",
-    "show()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8, page no 24"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The fourier series coeff Fn are:\n",
-      "(-0.185792520964+0j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-0.121542879381+6.93889390391e-18j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-0.0695370407613+0j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-0.0312803786267+0j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-0.00787673751141+1.73472347598e-18j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(1+0j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-0.00787673751141+1.73472347598e-18j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-0.00787673751141-1.73472347598e-18j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-0.0312803786267+0j) \n",
-      "\n",
-      "(-0.0695370407613+0j) \n",
-      "\n",
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-      "\n",
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-      "\n",
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-      "\n",
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3Frl9fj48+qib+9DQfOc7bvb7mjWZHZpbVeVO5tE+s3iBoO52lZX+Pt+TTjo8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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fbfb25b1a10>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import pi,arange,cos,sin,trapz,zeros\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline \n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,title,legend,xlabel,ylabel,show\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=500e-3\n",
-    "w0=2*pi/T\n",
-    "d=50e-3\n",
-    "A=10\n",
-    "t=arange(-d/2,0.01+T-d/2,0.01)\n",
-    "t1=arange(-d/2,0.01+d/2,0.01)\n",
-    "f1=A\n",
-    "t2=arange(d/2,0.01+T-(d/2),0.01)\n",
-    "f2=0\n",
-    "a=0\n",
-    "Fr=[];Fi=[];mag=[]\n",
-    "print 'The fourier series coeff Fn are:'\n",
-    "for n in range(-5,6):\n",
-    "    if n==0:\n",
-    "       Fr.append(1);Fi.append(0)\n",
-    "    else: \n",
-    "      fa1=f1*cos(pi*n*t1/T)\n",
-    "      fa2=f2*cos(pi*n*t2/T)\n",
-    "      fb1=f1*sin(pi*n*t1/T)\n",
-    "      fb2=f2*sin(pi*n*t2/T)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    Fr.append(1/T*(trapz(t1,fa1)+trapz(t2,fa2)))\n",
-    "    Fi.append(trapz(t1,fb1)+trapz(t2,fb2))\n",
-    "    mag.append(abs(Fr[a]+1J*Fi[a]))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "    print Fr[a]-1J*Fi[a],'\\n'\n",
-    "    x=zeros(len(t))\n",
-    "    x=x+((Fr[a])-1J*Fi[a])*(cos(pi*n*t/T)+1J*sin(pi*n*t/T))\n",
-    "    a=a+1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=range(-5,6)\n",
-    "subplot(3,1,1)\n",
-    "plot(t,[f1]*len(t))\n",
-    "xlabel(\"t\")\n",
-    "ylabel(\"f(t)\")\n",
-    "subplot(3,1,2)\n",
-    "plot(n,mag) # expo fourier series coeff\n",
-    "xlabel(\"n\") \n",
-    "ylabel(\"Coeff Magnitude\") \n",
-    "subplot(3,1,3)\n",
-    "plot(t,x)\n",
-    "plot(-t,x) # one sided spectrum with T=500ms\n",
-    "xlabel(\"w\")\n",
-    "ylabel(\"Fn\")\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T1=T/2\n",
-    "t=arange(-d/2,0.01+T1-d/2,0.01)\n",
-    "t1=arange(-d/2,0.01+d/2,0.01)\n",
-    "f1=A\n",
-    "t2=arange(d/2,0.01+T1-(d/2),0.01)\n",
-    "f2=0\n",
-    "#The Expo fourier series coeff\n",
-    "a=0\n",
-    "Fr1=[];Fi1=[];mag=[]\n",
-    "for n in range(-5,6):\n",
-    "    if n==0:\n",
-    "       Fr1.append(1);Fi1.append(0)\n",
-    "    else :\n",
-    "        fr1=f1*cos(pi*n*t1/T1)\n",
-    "        fr2=f2*cos(pi*n*t2/T1)\n",
-    "        fi1=f1*sin(pi*n*t1/T1)\n",
-    "        fi2=f2*sin(pi*n*t2/T1)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    Fr1.append(1/T1*(trapz(t1,fr1)+trapz(t2,fr2)))\n",
-    "    Fi1.append(1/T1*(trapz(t1,fi1)+trapz(t2,fi2)))\n",
-    "    mag.append(abs(Fr1[a]+1J*Fi1[a]))\n",
-    "    print Fr1[a]-1J*Fi1[a],'\\n'\n",
-    "    y = zeros(len(t))\n",
-    "    y=y+((Fr1[a])-1J*Fi1[a])*(cos(pi*n*t/T1)+1J*sin(pi*n*t/T1))\n",
-    "    a=a+1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "plot(t,y)\n",
-    "plot(-t,y) # double sided spectrum with T=250ms\n",
-    "show()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9, page no 12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f606a00b0d0>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
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fHc1sMIRxXTP7PmWxcvED4aWhVcyr1IpKnpeNQXmcB1wt6UvgSsroLTTBBsBO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\nkyaPRCKRSNTN/wGSCNEUEKO5vgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6066ed1f90>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "|F(w)|= 1/sqrt(a**2+w**2) and\n",
-      " Theta(w)=-atan(w/a)\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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euAif0a1mNj3rO3zXzJ63UF31AGu/U5eQJ4zytxDoKqm277I78GHW/My4bM0+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\nY+pgAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6066d6d210>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "|F(w)|= 2*a/sqrt(a**2+w**2) and\n",
-      " Theta(w)=0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import arange, exp, pi, transpose, mat, fliplr, angle, absolute, shape\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given:\n",
-    "# Analog Signal\n",
-    "A =1 # Amplitude\n",
-    "Dt = 0.005#\n",
-    "t = arange(0,Dt+10,Dt)\n",
-    "xt = exp(-A*t)#\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Continuous time Fourier Transform\n",
-    "Wmax =2*pi*1# # Analog Frequency = 1Hz\n",
-    "K = 4#\n",
-    "k = arange(0,(K/1000)+K, (K/1000))\n",
-    "W = k* Wmax /K#\n",
-    "XW = mat(xt)*exp(-1J*transpose(mat(t))*mat(W))*Dt\n",
-    "XW_Mag =abs(XW)#\n",
-    "W = -1*fliplr(mat(W))+mat(W)#  (2:1001)]# # Omega from -Wmax to Wmax\n",
-    "XW_Mag=fliplr(XW_Mag )+XW_Mag  # (2:1001)]#\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[XW_Phase ,db] = phasemag (XW)#\n",
-    "XW_Phase = angle(XW)\n",
-    "db=abs(XW)\n",
-    "XW_Phase = -1*fliplr(XW_Phase)+XW_Phase #(2:1001)]#\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Plotting Continuous Time Signal\n",
-    "plot(t,xt)#\n",
-    "xlabel( 't in sec .')#\n",
-    "ylabel(' x(t) ')\n",
-    "title(' Continuous Time Signal ' )\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Plotting Magnitude Response of CTS\n",
-    "subplot (3 ,1 ,1)#\n",
-    "i, j = shape(W)\n",
-    "W1=[]\n",
-    "XW_Mag1=[]\n",
-    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
-    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
-    "        W1.append(W[ii,jj])\n",
-    "        XW_Mag1.append(XW_Mag[ii,jj])\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "plot(W1, XW_Mag1)\n",
-    "xlabel ( ' Frequency in Radians / Seconds---> W' )#\n",
-    "ylabel ( ' abs (X(jW) ) ' )\n",
-    "title ( 'Magnitude Response (CTFT) ' )\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Plotting Phase Reponse of CTS\n",
-    "subplot (3 ,1 ,3)#\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i, j = shape(W)\n",
-    "W1=[]\n",
-    "XW_Phase1=[]\n",
-    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
-    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
-    "        W1.append(W[ii,jj])\n",
-    "        XW_Phase1.append(XW_Phase[ii,jj])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "plot(W1, [xx*pi/180 for xx in XW_Phase1 ])\n",
-    "xlabel(' Frequency in Radians / Seconds---> W')#\n",
-    "ylabel('<X(jW) ')\n",
-    "title(' Phase Response (CTFT)in Radians' )\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "print '|F(w)|= 1/sqrt(a**2+w**2) and\\n Theta(w)=-atan(w/a)'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Part b \n",
-    "# Analog Signal\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=1## Amplitude\n",
-    "Dt=0.005#\n",
-    "t1=arange(-4.5,Dt+4.5,Dt)\n",
-    "xt1=exp(-A*abs(t1))\n",
-    "# Continuous time Fourier Transform\n",
-    "Wmax1 =2*pi*1## Analog Frequency = 1Hz\n",
-    "K=4#\n",
-    "k=arange(0,(K/1000)+K,(K/1000))\n",
-    "W1=k*Wmax1/K\n",
-    "XW1=mat(xt1)*exp(-1J*transpose(mat(t1))*mat(W1))*Dt\n",
-    "XW1=(XW1).real\n",
-    "W1=-1*fliplr(mat(W1))+mat(W1) # (2:1001) ]# # Omega from -Wmax to Wmax\n",
-    "XW1=fliplr(mat(XW1))+mat(XW1) #(2:1001) ]#\n",
-    "subplot(3 ,1 ,1)#\n",
-    "plot(t,xt)\n",
-    "xlabel('t in sec.')#\n",
-    "ylabel('x(t)')\n",
-    "title(' Continuous Time Signal')\n",
-    "subplot(3 ,1 ,3)\n",
-    "i, j = shape(W1)\n",
-    "W11=[]\n",
-    "XW11=[]\n",
-    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
-    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
-    "        W11.append(W[ii,jj])\n",
-    "        XW11.append(XW_Phase[ii,jj])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "plot(W11,XW11)\n",
-    "xlabel('Frequency in Radians / Seconds W')#\n",
-    "ylabel('X(jW)')\n",
-    "title('Continuous time Fourier Transform ')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "print '|F(w)|= 2*a/sqrt(a**2+w**2) and\\n Theta(w)=0'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example10, page no 38"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a)\n",
-      "At wo,n=0: The spectral amplitude is: F0= 0.100000 V\n",
-      "\n",
-      "b)\n",
-      "The Fourier tranform of f(t-delta/2) is given as: \n",
-      "\n",
-      "f(t)=A*delta/T*∑Sa(n*delta*pi/T)*exp(jwo(t-delta/2))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import pi,sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "A=1\n",
-    "delta=1e-3\n",
-    "T=10e-3\n",
-    "w0=2*pi/T\n",
-    "n=0\n",
-    "for i in range(0,11):\n",
-    "    if n==0:\n",
-    "        Sa=1 \n",
-    "    else :\n",
-    "        Sa=sin(n*pi*delta/T)/(n*pi*delta/T)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=(A*delta/T)*Sa #spectral Amplitude\n",
-    "print 'a)\\nAt wo,n=0: The spectral amplitude is: F0= %f V\\n'%F\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "# displaying the fourier Transform of the given function\n",
-    "print 'b)\\nThe Fourier tranform of f(t-delta/2) is given as: '\n",
-    "print '\\nf(t)=A*delta/T*∑Sa(n*delta*pi/T)*exp(jwo(t-delta/2))'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example11(1), page no 39"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6080c29ad0>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F(w)= A*t*Sa(w*t/2) \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange, ones,pi,exp,mat,transpose, shape\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "T = 10# #time Tau\n",
-    "Tg = arange(-T/2,0.1+T/2,0.1)  # time period for given Gate Function -tau/2 to tau/2\n",
-    "G_t0 = 1# #Magnitude of Gate Function (A)\n",
-    "G_t = G_t0*ones (len(Tg))## Gate function G(t)\n",
-    "f = arange(-pi,pi / len(Tg)+pi,pi / len(Tg))\n",
-    "Dw = 0.1#\n",
-    "F_jW =mat(G_t)*exp(1J*transpose(mat(Tg))*mat(f))*Dw## fourier Transform of the gate function\n",
-    "F_jW = (F_jW).real\n",
-    "# Plotting the Fourier Transform of G(t)\n",
-    "subplot (2 ,1 ,1)\n",
-    "plot(Tg,G_t)\n",
-    "title( ' Given Function (Gate Function) G(t) ' )\n",
-    "subplot(2 ,1 ,2)\n",
-    "i,j =shape(mat(f))\n",
-    "m,n=shape(F_jW)\n",
-    "f1=[];F_jW1=[]\n",
-    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
-    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
-    "        f1.append(mat(f)[ii,jj])\n",
-    "for ii in range(0,m):\n",
-    "    for jj in range(0,n):\n",
-    "        F_jW1.append(F_jW[ii,jj])\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "plot(f1,F_jW1)\n",
-    "xlabel('Frequency in Radians/Seconds ')#\n",
-    "title('Continuous time Fourier Transform X(jW)' )\n",
-    "title ( 'Fourier Transform of G(t)=  F(jW) ' )\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "print 'F(w)= A*t*Sa(w*t/2) '"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example11(2), page no 43"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "|F(w)|= 2*pi*A*delta(w), Hence the Fourier Transform of constant is an Impulse Function\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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KscbuPbzMW2feu+XxMaa98BbMH83s65S+umceADN7xsz2SWnGkSZe4O/mKUXv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\nDtgkYBszm5zCXgQKQ3ptcGd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4aZdzzGxIIbGZfSJpuqTtcfMvxwM3pOjH8MH/V4HDgeeq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\n5QJAO+UCQDvlAkA75QJAux/GvuSxPk6GdgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6080c29e50>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import arange, ones,pi,exp,mat,transpose,pi, fliplr, shape\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "# CTS Signal\n",
-    "A=2## Amplitude\n",
-    "Dt=0.01#\n",
-    "T1=49.5# #Time in seconds\n",
-    "t=arange(-T1/2,Dt+T1 /2, Dt)\n",
-    "xt=[]\n",
-    "for i in range(0,len(t)):\n",
-    "    xt.append(A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Continuous time Fourier Transform\n",
-    "Wmax=2*pi*1## Analog Frequency = 1Hz\n",
-    "K =4#\n",
-    "k=arange(0,(K/1000)+K,(K/1000))\n",
-    "W=k*Wmax/K#\n",
-    "#xt=transpose(mat(xt))\n",
-    "XW =(mat(xt)*exp(1J*transpose(mat(t))*mat(W)*Dt))-5#\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "XW_Mag =(XW).real\n",
-    "W = -1*fliplr(mat(W))+W # (2:1001)]# # Omega from -Wmax to Wmax\n",
-    "XW_Mag = fliplr(mat(XW_Mag))+XW_Mag #(2:1001)\n",
-    "subplot(2 ,1 ,1)#\n",
-    "plot(t,xt)#\n",
-    "xlabel('t in msec .')#\n",
-    "title(' Contiuous Time Signal x(t) ')\n",
-    "subplot(2 ,1 ,2)#\n",
-    "i,j =shape(mat(W))\n",
-    "m,n=shape(XW_Mag)\n",
-    "W1=[];XW_Mag1=[]\n",
-    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
-    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
-    "        W1.append(mat(W)[ii,jj])\n",
-    "for ii in range(0,m):\n",
-    "    for jj in range(0,n):\n",
-    "        XW_Mag1.append(XW_Mag[ii,jj])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "plot(W1,XW_Mag1)\n",
-    "xlabel('Frequency in Radians/Seconds ')#\n",
-    "title('Continuous time Fourier Transform X(jW) = an Impulse Function' )\n",
-    "print '|F(w)|= 2*pi*A*delta(w), Hence the Fourier Transform of constant is an Impulse Function'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example13, page no 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F(w)= 1/(j*w)+ pi*delta(w)\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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LWBX69euXdRHKEuVsXVHO1tMeygjtp5zNlfnA6JIs6zKEEEJ7IwmrwIXcEEII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\n+CL8978+hGgtqFhq5ZYkXEv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iead2FKtNT5tmZsPTRcNn5J15vgN2Nx/t6HbgFeALPDjl\nguv5wB3pYuF9edv7J94c8LJ8Y18Av6OBnh5m9ouknYFLU1CahI+c9oOZvSzpWxpu2snfZrk9SfI/\n92fpguQhwBXAXZL2BB4Evk/L3CNpUzxn+Uf4tYjCz/BKahp7Ex9q8cky3v8ISZvg6XFfBx4oWG5L\nfHS2YrYALpaUG4fgWDP7QlKxfb+9mT0kaVXgRUmT8e/rZGAv4Mp0YGgslXCuzP8Arpc0Gh+T98U0\nfZE0PVeRrMbBRwKRWjk0kaTTgO/N7II2er+FgRFmVlgL7vAkvYRfaP8167KEjiOad0JztElNIdW4\nnwVObIv3qzZmtkYE/NDaoqYfQgg1JGr6IYRQQyLohxBCDYmgH0IINSSCfggh1JAI+iGEUEMi6IcQ\nQg35f44uyQwHAKflAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6066d01690>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import arange, ones,pi,exp,mat,transpose,pi, fliplr, shape\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# CTS Signal\n",
-    "A =1# # Amplitude\n",
-    "Dt = 0.005#\n",
-    "T1 =0.5# #Time in seconds\n",
-    "t=arange(0,Dt+T1, Dt)\n",
-    "xt=[]\n",
-    "for i in range(0,len(t)):\n",
-    "    xt.append(A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Continuous time Fourier Transform\n",
-    "Wmax= 2*pi*1# # Analog Frequency = 1Hz\n",
-    "K =4#\n",
-    "k=arange(0,(K/1000)+K,(K/1000))\n",
-    "W =k*Wmax/K#\n",
-    "#xt=transpose(mat(xt))\n",
-    "XW =mat(xt)*exp(-1J*transpose(mat(t))*mat(W))*Dt#\n",
-    "XW_Mag =(XW).real\n",
-    "W =-1*fliplr(mat(W))+W #(2:1001)]# # Omega from -Wmax to Wmax\n",
-    "XW_Mag =fliplr(mat(XW_Mag))+XW_Mag #(2:1001)]\n",
-    "# displaying the given function\n",
-    "subplot(2 ,1 ,1)#\n",
-    "plot(t,xt)#\n",
-    "xlabel('t in msec .')#\n",
-    "title(' Contiuous Time Signal x(t) ')\n",
-    "# displaying the fourier Transform of the given function\n",
-    "subplot(2 ,1 ,2)#\n",
-    "print 'F(w)= 1/(j*w)+ pi*delta(w)'\n",
-    "i,j =shape(mat(W))\n",
-    "m,n=shape(XW_Mag)\n",
-    "W1=[];XW_Mag1=[]\n",
-    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
-    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
-    "        W1.append(mat(W)[ii,jj])\n",
-    "for ii in range(0,m):\n",
-    "    for jj in range(0,n):\n",
-    "        XW_Mag1.append(XW_Mag[ii,jj])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "plot(W1,XW_Mag1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xlabel('Frequency in Radians / Seconds ')#\n",
-    "title('Continuous time Fourier Transform X(jW)' )\n",
-    "show()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example14, page no 44"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6080bf8a10>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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Ylm9WYRdIbSrkCKAjsAOwFLgBaAzg7kOibQYSZtSsBS5w9zcq2Y9G7gVk1aqw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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6066d83990>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# CTS Signal\n",
-    "# Continuous Time Fourier Transforms of\n",
-    "# Sinusoidal waveforms(a)sin(Wot)(b)cos(Wot)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# CTFT\n",
-    "T1 = 2#\n",
-    "T = 4* T1#\n",
-    "Wo = 2* pi /T#\n",
-    "W = [-Wo ,0, Wo ]#\n",
-    "ak = (2* pi *Wo*T1/ pi )/ 1J#\n",
-    "XW = [-ak ,0, ak ]#\n",
-    "ak1 = (2* pi*Wo*T1/pi)#\n",
-    "XW1 =[ ak1 ,0, ak1 ]#\n",
-    "#displaying the given function\n",
-    "plot(W,[aa.imag for aa in XW])\n",
-    "xlabel('W' )#\n",
-    "title( 'CTFT of sin(Wot ) ')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "#displaying the fourier Transform of the given function\n",
-    "plot(W,XW1)\n",
-    "xlabel('W' )#\n",
-    "title( 'CTFT of cos (Wot)')\n",
-    "show()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example16, page no 47"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Spectral Amplitude of the given function is given by \n",
-      "Fn= A*delta/2 *[Sa(n*pi*delta/T)]\n",
-      "Therefore the fourier transform will be :\n",
-      "F[f(t)]=0.628319 ∑Sa[n*pi/10]8delta(w-4*n*pi)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import pi\n",
-    "A=1\n",
-    "delta=50e-3\n",
-    "T=500e-3\n",
-    "print 'Spectral Amplitude of the given function is given by '# Displaying the expression for Spectral Amplitude\n",
-    "print 'Fn= A*delta/2 *[Sa(n*pi*delta/T)]'\n",
-    "print 'Therefore the fourier transform will be :'\n",
-    "print 'F[f(t)]=%f ∑Sa[n*pi/10]8delta(w-4*n*pi)'%(2*pi*A*delta/T)# Displaying the Fourier transform"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example17,page no12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "F[∂t(t)]= 2*pi/T*∑∂(w-wo)\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6080bf8910>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import ones,pi\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given:\n",
-    "# CTFT\n",
-    "T = range(-4,5)##\n",
-    "T1 = 1# # Sampling Interval\n",
-    "xt = ones (len(T))#\n",
-    "ak = 1/ T1#\n",
-    "XW = 2* pi *ak* ones (len(T))#\n",
-    "Wo = 2*pi/T1#\n",
-    "W = [Wo*Tt for Tt in T]#\n",
-    "# Displaying the given function\n",
-    "subplot(2 ,1 ,1)\n",
-    "plot(T,xt)\n",
-    "xlabel ( 't ' )#\n",
-    "title('Periodic Impulse Train ')\n",
-    "# displaying the fourier Transform of the given function\n",
-    "subplot(2 ,1 ,2)\n",
-    "plot(W,XW)\n",
-    "xlabel('t')#\n",
-    "title ( 'CTFT of Periodic Impulse Train')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'F[∂t(t)]= 2*pi/T*∑∂(w-wo)'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example18,page no12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Hence Fourier transform of given Gate function is:\n",
-      " A*delta*Sa[w*delta/2]/ exp(-j*w*delta/2)\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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gKXK2JWbWp4w0TdKbES6xGZjZeNy+eqWknSR1Sh1f20k6LyW7DTg1dWQtktKX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\n+8H/5psZfTtB9VKVQVTMbFk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QPEV5HZnJaznzIA8C/pdJ8xOuIEvahM1sMvAYsDPwO8pz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\n/w+9sYHJi5vhcwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6066c6b150>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import arange, pi,exp,mat, transpose,fliplr,shape\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, xlabel, ylabel, show, title, subplot\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given:\n",
-    "# CTS Signal\n",
-    "A =1# # Amplitude\n",
-    "Dt = 0.005#\n",
-    "T1 = 2# #Time in seconds\n",
-    "t = arange(0,Dt+T1 /2, Dt)\n",
-    "xt=[]\n",
-    "for i in range(0,len(t)):\n",
-    "    xt.append(A)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Continuous time Fourier Transform\n",
-    "Wmax= 2*pi*1# # Analog Frequency = 1Hz\n",
-    "K =4#\n",
-    "k=arange(0,(K/1000)+K,(K/1000))\n",
-    "W =k*Wmax/K#\n",
-    "XW =mat(xt)*exp(-1J*transpose(mat(t))*mat(W))*Dt#\n",
-    "XW_Mag =(XW).real\n",
-    "W =-fliplr(mat(W))+W #(2:1001)]# # Omega from  Wmax to Wmax\n",
-    "XW_Mag =fliplr(mat(XW_Mag))+XW_Mag #(2:1001)]#\n",
-    "# displaying the given function\n",
-    "subplot(2 ,1 ,1)#\n",
-    "plot(t,xt)#\n",
-    "xlabel('t in msec .')#\n",
-    "title(' Contiuous Time Signal x(t)  {Gate Function} ')\n",
-    "# displaying the fourier Transform of the given function\n",
-    "subplot(2 ,1 ,2)#\n",
-    "i,j =shape(mat(W))\n",
-    "m,n=shape(XW_Mag)\n",
-    "W1=[];XW_Mag1=[]\n",
-    "for ii in range(0,i):\n",
-    "    for jj in range(0,j):\n",
-    "        W1.append(mat(W)[ii,jj])\n",
-    "for ii in range(0,m):\n",
-    "    for jj in range(0,n):\n",
-    "        XW_Mag1.append(XW_Mag[ii,jj])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "plot(W1,XW_Mag1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xlabel('Frequency in Radians / Seconds ')#\n",
-    "title('Continuous time Fourier Transform X(jW)' )\n",
-    "print 'Hence Fourier transform of given Gate function is:\\n A*delta*Sa[w*delta/2]/ exp(-j*w*delta/2)'"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter2.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter2.ipynb
index 8d9af0c5..8d9af0c5 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter2_NaNiwP4.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter2_NaNiwP4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 8d9af0c5..00000000
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter2_NaNiwP4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,444 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 2 Switched communication systems"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.2, page no 125"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum auxillary current is:10.00 mA\n",
-      "\n",
-      "MMF in the auxillary winding is:2.00AT \n",
-      "\n",
-      "MMF in main winding is:40.00 AT \n",
-      "\n",
-      "net MMF required in main winding is:44.00 AT \n",
-      "\n",
-      "operating current needed is:4.40 mA \n",
-      "\n",
-      "working voltage is:2.84 volts \n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "Io=4*10**-3 #rqueired operating current\n",
-    "N1=10000 #no of turns in the main winding\n",
-    "R1=645 #resistence of the main winding in ohms\n",
-    "N2=200 #no of turns in auxillary winding\n",
-    "B=2 #spacing bias\n",
-    "Iaux=B/N2 #maximum auxillary current\n",
-    "print \"maximum auxillary current is:%0.2f mA\\n\"%(Iaux*1e3)\n",
-    "MMFaux=N2*Iaux #MMF in the auxillary winding\n",
-    "print \"MMF in the auxillary winding is:%0.2fAT \\n\"%(MMFaux)\n",
-    "MMFop=Io*N1 #operating MFF in main winding\n",
-    "print \"MMF in main winding is:%0.2f AT \\n\"%(MMFop)\n",
-    "MMFnet=MMFop+(0.1*MMFop) #net MMF required in main winding\n",
-    "print \"net MMF required in main winding is:%0.2f AT \\n\"%(MMFnet)\n",
-    "Iop=MMFnet/N1 #operating current needed\n",
-    "print \"operating current needed is:%0.2f mA \\n\"%(Iop*1e3)\n",
-    "V=Iop*R1 #working voltage in volts\n",
-    "print \"working voltage is:%0.2f volts \\n\"%(V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.3,page no 125"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Busy hour calling rate is:1.20 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "Rate of traffic flow is 250.00 traffic unit \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#given\n",
-    "C=6000#Tatol no of call in busy hour\n",
-    "SC=5000#no of subscribers\n",
-    "CR=C/SC#busy hour calling rate\n",
-    "print \"Busy hour calling rate is:%0.2f \\n\"%(CR)\n",
-    "T=2.5/60#avarage duration of calls in hours\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=C*T#rate of traffic flow\n",
-    "print \"Rate of traffic flow is %0.2f traffic unit \"%(A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.4,page no 126"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maxixmum current is 33.33 mamps \n",
-      "\n",
-      "operate lag is 1.83 msec \n",
-      "\n",
-      "release lag is 2.85 msec \n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "L=3#relay inductance in henry\n",
-    "R=1500#relay resistance in ohm\n",
-    "Io=20e-3#oparating current in amps\n",
-    "Ir=8e-3#release current in amps\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=50#supply volatage in volts\n",
-    "Im=V/R#maxixmum current in amps\n",
-    "print \"maxixmum current is %0.2f mamps \\n\"%(Im*1e3)\n",
-    "to=(L/R)*log(1/(1-(Io/Im)))#operate lag in sec\n",
-    "print \"operate lag is %0.2f msec \\n\"%(to*1000)\n",
-    "tr=(L/R)*log(Im/Ir)#release lag in sec\n",
-    "print \"release lag is %0.2f msec \\n\"%(tr*1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.4.1,page no 126"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(a)\n",
-      "periods per character is:150.00 msec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "period per element is:20.00 msec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "speed is:50.00 bauds\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "(b)\n",
-      "periods per character is:100.00 msec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "period per element is:13.33 msec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "speed is 75.00 bauds\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "(c)\n",
-      "periods per character is:100.00 msec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "period per element is:10.00 msec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "speed is 100.00 bauds\n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "C_S1=20/3#speed in characters per second\n",
-    "P_C1=1/C_S1#periods per character\n",
-    "print \"(a)\\nperiods per character is:%0.2f msec\\n\"%(P_C1*1e3)\n",
-    "E_C1=7.5#elements per character\n",
-    "P_E1=P_C1/E_C1#period per element\n",
-    "print \"period per element is:%0.2f msec\\n\"%(P_E1*1e3)\n",
-    "Sb1=1/P_E1#speed in bauds\n",
-    "print \"speed is:%0.2f bauds\\n\\n\"%(Sb1)\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "C_S2=10#speed in characters per second\n",
-    "P_C2=1/C_S2#periods per character\n",
-    "print \"(b)\\nperiods per character is:%0.2f msec\\n\"%(P_C2*1e3)\n",
-    "E_C2=7.5#elements per character\n",
-    "P_E2=P_C2/E_C2#period per element\n",
-    "print \"period per element is:%0.2f msec\\n\"%(P_E2*1e3)\n",
-    "Sb2=1/P_E2#speed in bauds\n",
-    "print \"speed is %0.2f bauds\\n\\n\"%( Sb2)\n",
-    "#c\n",
-    "C_S3=10#speed in characters per second\n",
-    "P_C3=1/C_S3#periods per character\n",
-    "print \"(c)\\nperiods per character is:%0.2f msec\\n\"%(P_C3*1e3)\n",
-    "E_C3=10#elements per character\n",
-    "P_E3=P_C3/E_C3#period per element\n",
-    "print \"period per element is:%0.2f msec\\n\"%(P_E3*1e3)\n",
-    "Sb3=1/P_E3#speed in bauds\n",
-    "print \"speed is %0.2f bauds\\n\"%(Sb3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.5,page no 127"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "total inductance is 0.05 H \n",
-      "\n",
-      "maximum current is 10.00 mA \n",
-      "\n",
-      "operating current is 5.00 mA \n",
-      "\n",
-      "operate lag is 0.35 msec \n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "N=1000#no of turns\n",
-    "L1=5e-8#inductance per turn\n",
-    "L=N**2*L1#total inductance\n",
-    "print \"total inductance is %0.2f H \\n\"%(L)\n",
-    "R=100#resistance of winding in ohm\n",
-    "MMF=5#operating MMF in amp. turn\n",
-    "V=1#voltage of received signal in volts\n",
-    "Im=V/R#maximum current\n",
-    "print \"maximum current is %0.2f mA \\n\"%(Im*1e3)\n",
-    "Io=MMF/N#operating current\n",
-    "print \"operating current is %0.2f mA \\n\"%(Io*1e3)\n",
-    "to=(L/R)*log(1/(1-(Io/Im)))#operate lag\n",
-    "print \"operate lag is %0.2f msec \\n\"%(to*1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.6,page no 128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Busy hour calling rate is:1.60 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "Rate of traffic flow is 693.33 traffic unit \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#given\n",
-    "S=10000#no of subscribers\n",
-    "C=16000#Tatol no of call in busy hour\n",
-    "CR=C/S#busy hour calling rate\n",
-    "print \"Busy hour calling rate is:%0.2f \\n\"%(CR)\n",
-    "T=2.6#avarage duration of calls in min\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=C*(T/60)#rate of traffic flow\n",
-    "print \"Rate of traffic flow is %0.2f traffic unit \"%(A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.7,page no 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "duration of each element is:10.00 msec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "speed is 100.00 bauds\n",
-      "\n",
-      "total possible combinations are:128.00\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#given\n",
-    "N=7#no of character elements\n",
-    "E_C=10#elements per character (1+7+1+1)\n",
-    "To=100e-3#duration of one character\n",
-    "Te=To/E_C#duration of each element\n",
-    "print \"duration of each element is:%0.2f msec\\n\"%(Te*1e3)\n",
-    "Sb=1/Te#speed in bauds\n",
-    "print \"speed is %0.2f bauds\\n\"%(Sb)\n",
-    "C=2**N#total possible combinations\n",
-    "print \"total possible combinations are:%0.2f\"%(C)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.8,page no 129"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total no of call in busy hour is:1500.00 calls per Hour\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Busy hour calling rate is:1.50 \n",
-      "\n",
-      "grade of service is: 0.02\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#given\n",
-    "S=1000#no of subscribers\n",
-    "T=2.4/60#avarage duration of calls in hours\n",
-    "A=60#rate of traffic flow\n",
-    "C=A/T#Tatol no of call in busy hour\n",
-    "print \"Total no of call in busy hour is:%0.2f calls per Hour\\n\"%(C)\n",
-    "CR=C/S#busy hour calling rate\n",
-    "print \"Busy hour calling rate is:%0.2f \\n\"%(CR)\n",
-    "SCL=30#no of call lost per hour\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=SCL/(C+SCL)#grade of service\n",
-    "print \"grade of service is: %0.2f\"%(B)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.9,page no 129"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "grade of service is: 2.00e-03\n",
-      "\n",
-      "traffic lost is: 1.80e-03\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "N=5#no of switches\n",
-    "A=0.9#traffic offered \n",
-    "#grade of service B=(A**N/N!)/(1+A+A**2/2!+A**3/3!+...+A**N/N!)\n",
-    "#here\n",
-    "B=(A**N/factorial(N))/(1+A+(A**2/factorial(2))+(A**3/factorial(3))+(A**4/factorial(4))+(A**5/factorial(5)))\n",
-    "print \"grade of service is: %0.2e\\n\"%(B)\n",
-    "Tl=A*B#traffic lost\n",
-    "print \"traffic lost is: %0.2e\"%(Tl)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter3.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter3.ipynb
index 49782c9f..49782c9f 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter3_xiZnYrP.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter3_xiZnYrP.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 49782c9f..00000000
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter3_xiZnYrP.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1095 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter No. 3 - Modulation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.1, page no 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 58,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "percentage modulation is:83.14.2f \n",
-      " Power after modulation is:13.46.2f watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Ic=10 #carrier current in Amps\n",
-    "Imod=11.6# Current after modulation\n",
-    "Rl=1#Assumed load in ohm\n",
-    "Pmod=Rl*Imod**2#power before modulation\n",
-    "Ma= sqrt(2*((Pmod/Ic**2)-1))#percentage modulation\n",
-    "Pc=10\n",
-    "Pmod=Pc*(1+(Ma**2/2))#power after modulation\n",
-    "print 'percentage modulation is:%0.2f.2f \\n Power after modulation is:%0.2f.2f watts'%(Ma*100,Pmod)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.2, page no 135"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Depth of modulation is:0.50.2f\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Pc=9e3# Tx Power without modulation\n",
-    "Pmod=10.125e3#Tx Power after modulation\n",
-    "Ma= sqrt(2*((Pmod/Pc)-1))#depth of (percentage) modulation\n",
-    "print 'Depth of modulation is:%0.2f.2f'%(Ma)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.3, page no 136"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The total power radiated is 1320 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "M1=0.2#depth of modulation for first tone\n",
-    "M2=0.4#depth of modulation for second tone\n",
-    "Pc=1200#Tx Power\n",
-    "Pmod=Pc*(1+M1**2/2+M2**2/2)#total power radiated after modulation by both the tones\n",
-    "print 'The total power radiated is %d watts'%(Pmod)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.4, page no 138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "modulating power required from the audio source\n",
-      " is:37.69 watts\n",
-      " Modulator Impedance is:29850.75 ohm\n",
-      " Plate dissipation is:96.69 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Ebb=2e3#DC plate supply\n",
-    "Ecc=-500#DC grid bias\n",
-    "Ib=67e-3#DC plate current\n",
-    "Ic=30e-3#DC grid current\n",
-    "Egm=750#RF peak grid voltage\n",
-    "Pout=75#RF Power output\n",
-    "Ma=0.75#Depth of modulation\n",
-    "Paf=(Ma**2*Ebb*Ib)/(2*1)#modulating power required from the audio source\n",
-    "Pdc=Ebb*Ib#Power supplied by DC source\n",
-    "Zm=Ebb**2/Pdc#Modulator Impedance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pd=Pdc+Paf-Pout#Plate dissipation\n",
-    "print 'modulating power required from the audio source\\n is:%0.2f watts\\n Modulator Impedance is:%0.2f ohm\\n Plate dissipation is:%0.2f watts'%(Paf,Zm,Pd)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.5b, page no 139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Tx power:1200.00 Watts\n",
-      " Power dissipation at the modulator is: 3000.00 Watts\n",
-      " Overall Efficiency at0.6 modulation is:41.16% \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Pd=944#Anode dissipation of the class C amplifier in watts\n",
-    "Ma=0.6#modulation depth,\n",
-    "Etta=0.6#efficiency\n",
-    "Pout=(Etta*Pd/(1-Etta))#power dissipation at 60% modulation\n",
-    "Pc=Pout/(1+(Ma**2/2))#Tx power\n",
-    "Psb=Pout-Pc\n",
-    "Pdc1=Pc/Etta#DC power inputto PA\n",
-    "Paf=Psb/Etta# modulation power input to PA\n",
-    "Eff=0.25# efficiency of the modulator\n",
-    "Pdc2=Paf/Eff#DC power input to modulator\n",
-    "Pdct=Pdc1+Pdc2#Total DC power to the system\n",
-    "Effo=Pout/Pdct#Overall Efficiency\n",
-    "Ma=1# 100% modulation\n",
-    "Pt=Pc*(1+(Ma**2)/2)\n",
-    "Psb=(Pc*Ma**2)/2\n",
-    "Paf=Psb/Etta#modulating input power to PA\n",
-    "Pdc2=Paf/Eff# DC power input to modulator\n",
-    "Pd=Pdc2-Paf#Power dissipation at the modulator\n",
-    "Effo1=Pout/(Pdc1+Pdc2)#Overall Efficiency\n",
-    "print 'Tx power:%0.2f Watts\\n Power dissipation at the modulator is: %0.2f Watts\\n Overall Efficiency at0.6 modulation is:%0.2f%c '%(Pc,Pd,100*Effo,'%')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.6, page no 141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Carrier Power is: 1133.33 watts \n",
-      " DC plate dissipation is: 266.67 watts\n",
-      " output power of modulator is: 700.00 watts\n",
-      " Plate dissipation inthe modulator is:466.67 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt#Given\n",
-    "Pdc=1400#DC power i/p to PA under 100% modulation\n",
-    "Ptdc=400#Plate dissipation\n",
-    "Pd=Ptdc*(2/3)#DC plate dissipation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pdmod=Ptdc*(1/3)#\n",
-    "Pc=Pdc-Pd#Carrier Power\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Psb=Pc/2#side band power\n",
-    "Paf=Psb+Pdmod#output power of modulator\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Mod_Eff=0.6\n",
-    "Pdc2=Paf/Mod_Eff#DC i/p power to the modulator\n",
-    "Pd_AF=Pdc2-Paf#Plate dissipation inthe modulator\n",
-    "print 'Carrier Power is: %0.2f watts \\n DC plate dissipation is: %0.2f watts\\n output power of modulator is: %0.2f watts\\n Plate dissipation inthe modulator is:%0.2f watts'%(Pc,Pd,Paf,Pd_AF)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.7, page no 141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum carrier power is: 750 watts\n",
-      " Total RF power is: 1125 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Paf=500#Modulator output power\n",
-    "Eff=0.75#Efficiency of the amplifier\n",
-    "P_lost=Paf*(1-Eff)#modulating power lost in the amplifier\n",
-    "Psb=Paf*Eff#side band power\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m=1\n",
-    "Pc=2*Psb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pt=Pc+Psb#Total RF power\n",
-    "print 'Maximum carrier power is: %d watts\\n Total RF power is: %d watts'%(Pc,Pt)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.8, page no 143"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Carrier power is: 2100 watts\n",
-      " Maximum depth of modulation is: 92.58\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt#Given\n",
-    "Po=3000# Rating of Power Amplifier\n",
-    "Pr=750#Push-Pull amplifier rated as\n",
-    "Paf=2*Pr#Rated power output from Push-Pull modulator\n",
-    "Eff=0.6\n",
-    "P_lost=Paf-(Eff*Paf)#Modulation power lost\n",
-    "Psb=Paf-P_lost#side band power\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pc=Po-Psb#Carrier power\n",
-    "Ma=sqrt(2*Psb/Pc)*100#Maximum depth of modulation\n",
-    "print 'Carrier power is: %d watts\\n Maximum depth of modulation is: %0.2f'%(Pc,Ma)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.9, page 143"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Carrier freq is: 10 MHz\n",
-      "Modulating freq is:500 Hz\n",
-      "Carrier power is: 208.00 watts\n",
-      "Mean output power is: 224.64 watts\n",
-      "Peak output power is: 408.33 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange, pi\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "t=arange(0,10,0.001)\n",
-    "#e=500*(1+(0.4*sin(3140*t)))*sin(6.28e7*t)\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "wc=6.28e7#Carrier angular frequency\n",
-    "fc=wc/(2*pi)# Carrier freq\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "wm=3140#Modulating angular freq\n",
-    "fm=wm/(2*pi)#Modulating freq\n",
-    "#c\n",
-    "Ec=500#/peak carrier voltage\n",
-    "Pc=(Ec**2)/(2*600)#Carrier power\n",
-    "#d\n",
-    "Ma=0.4\n",
-    "Pt=Pc*(1+(Ma**2 / 2))#Mean output power\n",
-    "#e\n",
-    "Rl=600#load resistance\n",
-    "Ecp=Ec+(Ma*Ec)#Peak output voltage\n",
-    "Ptm=Ecp**2/(2*Rl)#Peak power\n",
-    "print 'Carrier freq is: %d MHz\\nModulating freq is:%d Hz\\nCarrier power is: %0.2f watts\\nMean output power is: %0.2f watts\\nPeak output power is: %0.2f watts'%(round(fc*1e-6),round(fm),Pc,Pt,Ptm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.10, page no 143"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Antenna current for full modulation is: 45.64 amp\n",
-      "Peak base voltage is: 5672.55/_48 volts\n",
-      "Peak base voltage is: 4254.41/_48 volts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import atan,sqrt\n",
-    "from cmath import polar\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "Pc=50e3#Carrier power\n",
-    "Z=36 + 1J*40#base impedance of the antenna\n",
-    "Ma=1#modulation depth\n",
-    "Pmod=Pc*(1+((Ma**2)/2))#power delivered to the antenna under 100% modulation\n",
-    "#i\n",
-    "R=36#resistance of the antenna \n",
-    "Irms=sqrt(Pmod/R)#Antenna Current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#ii\n",
-    "Ic=sqrt(Pc/R)#RMS carrier current \n",
-    "\n",
-    "Icm=Ic*sqrt(2)# Peak carrier current \n",
-    "Imod=2*Icm#Modulated current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Theta=atan(40/36)*180/pi# from real and imaginary components of Z\n",
-    "Vbm100=Imod*Z#Peak base output voltage for 100% modulation\n",
-    "[Re_Vb,Im_Vb]=polar(Vbm100)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#iii\n",
-    "Ma=0.5\n",
-    "Imod=Icm*(1+0.5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Vbm50=Imod*Z\n",
-    "[Re_Vb1,Im_Vb1]=polar(Vbm50)\n",
-    "print 'Antenna current for full modulation is: %0.2f amp\\nPeak base voltage is: %0.2f/_%d volts\\nPeak base voltage is: %0.2f/_%d volts'%(Irms,Re_Vb,Theta,Re_Vb1,Theta)\n",
-    "# The Ans is little deviated from that of book as the decimal places considered while calculating at different stages might be different \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Answers from the book are little deviated but the evaluated values in the scilab are correct results"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.11, page no 144"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "USB freq=10005 k5Hz\n",
-      "USB amplitude=2.50 V\n",
-      "LSB freq=9995 kHz\n",
-      "LSB amplitude=2.50 V\n",
-      "Carrier amplitude=10 V\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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bZhWEcH/PntHopKzt4oIQ77z377+cIHjhGzo0Oq5Hj+gzlOT4w/Mec4z73b27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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fac3ffd5150>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, subplot, title, xlabel, ylabel, show\n",
-    "# Given\n",
-    "def f(x):\n",
-    "    y=[]\n",
-    "    for xx in x:\n",
-    "        y.append(Ec*(1+ma*(sin(wm*xx)))*sin(wc*xx))\n",
-    "    return y\n",
-    "Ec=10\n",
-    "ma=0.5\n",
-    "wm=10000*pi\n",
-    "wc=2*pi*1e7\n",
-    "x=arange(0,20*pi/10,.01)\n",
-    "subplot(2,1,1)\n",
-    "plot(x,f(x))\n",
-    "xlabel(\"t\")\n",
-    "ylabel(\"Modulated Wave\")\n",
-    "Fc=wc/(2*pi)\n",
-    "Fm=wm/(2*pi)\n",
-    "Fusb=(wm+wc)/(2*pi)\n",
-    "Flsb=(wm-wc)/(2*pi)\n",
-    "print 'USB freq=%d k5Hz\\nUSB amplitude=%0.2f V\\nLSB freq=%d kHz\\nLSB amplitude=%0.2f V\\nCarrier amplitude=%d V'%(Fusb*1e-3,2.5,Flsb*-1e-3,2.5,10)\n",
-    "F=[0,2.5,10,2.5,0]\n",
-    "T=[-2,-1,0,1,2]\n",
-    "subplot(2,1,2)\n",
-    "plot(T,F)\n",
-    "xlabel(\"Freq\")\n",
-    "ylabel(\"Amplitude\")\n",
-    "show()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.12 page no 145"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The depth of modulation is: 50%\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Pc=9e3#unmodulated carrier power\n",
-    "Pt=10.125e3#Modulated carrier power\n",
-    "Ma=sqrt(2*((Pt/Pc)-1))#depth of modulation\n",
-    "print 'The depth of modulation is: %d%c'%(Ma*100,'%')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.13 page no 148"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The power output is: 34.45 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Pt=5e3#carrier power for 95% modulation\n",
-    "Ma=0.95\n",
-    "Pc=Pt/(1+((Ma**2)/2))#carrier power\n",
-    "Ma=0.2#average modulation by speech signal\n",
-    "Psb=(Ma**2)*Pc/2#the power n the sideband\n",
-    "Pout=Psb/2# because one of the side band is suppressed\n",
-    "print 'The power output is: %0.2f W'%(Pout)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.14 page no 152"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "DeltaPhi1= 10 rad\n",
-      "DeltaPhi2=500 rad\n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#Phi=(wc*t+Mf*sin(wmt))....instantaneous phase of FM\n",
-    "fm=5000#modulating freq\n",
-    "deltaf=50e3#freq deviation\n",
-    "deltaPhi1=deltaf/fm# Advance or retard in phase\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fm=100#modulating freq in second signal\n",
-    "deltaPhi2=deltaf/fm\n",
-    "print 'DeltaPhi1= %d rad\\nDeltaPhi2=%d rad\\n'%(deltaPhi1,deltaPhi2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.14 page no 157"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Peak Phase Deviation: 0.76 rad\n",
-      "Peak Freq Deviation: 761 Hz\n",
-      "Depth of residual AM: 0.08\n",
-      "Residual AM freq:2 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,atan\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#e=Ec(1+0.4cos(2pie3*t))*sin(2pie7*t)\n",
-    "fm=1000#modulating s/g freq\n",
-    "deltaTheta=2*atan(0.4)#peak phase deviation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deltaF=deltaTheta*fm#Peak freq deviation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ec=1\n",
-    "Er=sqrt((Ec**2)*(1+(0.4**2)))\n",
-    "m=(Er-Ec)/Ec#depth of residual AM \n",
-    "\n",
-    "AMFr=2*fm# freq ofresidual AM\n",
-    "print 'Peak Phase Deviation: %0.2f rad\\nPeak Freq Deviation: %d Hz\\nDepth of residual AM: %0.2f\\nResidual AM freq:%d kHz'%(deltaTheta,deltaF,(round(m*100)/100),AMFr*1e-3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.16 page no 170"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a)\n",
-      "Max phase deviation is:250 rad\n",
-      "b)\n",
-      "Max phase deviation is:2.50 rad\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "deltaF=25e3#freq deviation\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "fm=100#modulation signal freq\n",
-    "mf=deltaF/fm# Max phase deviation\n",
-    "print 'a)'\n",
-    "print 'Max phase deviation is:%d rad'%(mf)\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "fm=10e3#modulation signal freq\n",
-    "mf=deltaF/fm#Max phase deviation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'b)'\n",
-    "print 'Max phase deviation is:%0.2f rad'%(mf)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.17, page no 171"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The maximum freq deviation is: 5 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "gm=0.1e-3# trans-conductance variation A/V\n",
-    "C=0.5e-12# capactance between anode and grid\n",
-    "R=1e3# resistance\n",
-    "fo=10e6# oscillator freq\n",
-    "Vrms=1.414#AF RMS voltage \n",
-    "Vp=sqrt(2)*Vrms#Peak voltage\n",
-    "Ct=100e-12#tank capacitance\n",
-    "deltaC=gm*C*R*Vp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deltaF=fo*(deltaC/(2*Ct))# maximum freq deviation\n",
-    "print 'The maximum freq deviation is: %d kHz'%(round(deltaF/1000))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.18, page no 172"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The approximate bandwidth is: 2 MHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "deltaF=1e6# max freq deviation\n",
-    "fm=10e3#modulating freq\n",
-    "mf=(2*deltaF)/fm# modulation coefficient\n",
-    "BW=mf*fm# bandwidth\n",
-    "print 'The approximate bandwidth is: %d MHz'%(BW/1e6)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.19, page no 172"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The approximate bandwidth is: 150 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "deltaF=75e3# max freq deviation\n",
-    "fm=15e3#modulation freq\n",
-    "mf=(2*deltaF)/fm# freq modulation depth\n",
-    "BW=mf*fm# Bandwidth\n",
-    "print 'The approximate bandwidth is: %d kHz'%(BW/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.21, page no 173"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 77,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Overall bandwidth including guard band is 200 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "deltaF=75e3#freq deviation\n",
-    "fm=15e3# modulating freq\n",
-    "mf=deltaF/fm\n",
-    "BW=2*mf*fm# Bandwidth\n",
-    "GB=25e3#Guard Band\n",
-    "BWo=BW+(2*GB)# Overall bandwidth\n",
-    "print 'Overall bandwidth including guard band is %d kHz'%(BWo/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.25, pageno 175"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 78,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Average power is: 25.17 watts\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f9d76e23e90>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, subplot, title, xlabel, ylabel, show\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#em=3sin(2*pi*1000t)+5cos(2*pi*3000t)\n",
-    "#ec=50sin(2*pi*500e3*t)\n",
-    "m1=0.06#(sine wave amplitude/ peak carrier voltage)\n",
-    "m2=0.1#(cosine wave amplitude/ peak carrier voltage)\n",
-    "Vc=50#Carrier voltage\n",
-    "R=50#load resistance\n",
-    "Pc=(Vc**2)/(2*R)#Peak carrier power\n",
-    "Pt=Pc*(1+((m1**2+m2**2)/2))#Total power after modulation\n",
-    "print 'Average power is: %0.2f watts'%(Pt)\n",
-    "F=[0,2.5,1.5,50,1.5,2.5,0]\n",
-    "T=[490,497,499,500,501,503,510]\n",
-    "plot(T,F)\n",
-    "xlabel(\"Freq\")\n",
-    "ylabel(\"Amplitude\")\n",
-    "show()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.26, page no 176"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 79,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Required Deviation is: 50 kHz\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Required Multipication Factor is: 5*5*5*5*2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "mp=0.1#Modulating index\n",
-    "fm=400#Modulating signal freq\n",
-    "deltaF=mp*fm#Max freq deviation\n",
-    "#print deltaF)\n",
-    "ReqDev=50e3# Required deviation\n",
-    "MF=ReqDev/deltaF# multiplication factor\n",
-    "print 'Required Deviation is: %d kHz\\n'%(ReqDev/1e3)\n",
-    "print 'Required Multipication Factor is: 5*5*5*5*2'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.27, page no 176"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 80,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Depth of modulation across the \n",
-      " circuit is : Ma= 49.07%\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Q=100 #Q factor\n",
-    "fc=1000e3# Carrier freq\n",
-    "fsb1=999e3#lower Side band freq\n",
-    "fsb2=1001e3#Upper side Band freq\n",
-    "ma=0.5#Modulation depth of signal current\n",
-    "Ma=ma/1.019# Expression for Ma after simplification\n",
-    "print 'The Depth of modulation across the \\n circuit is : Ma= %0.2f%c'%(Ma*100,'%')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Note :  There are some calculation errors in the solution presented in the book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.28, page no 177"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 81,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Depth of modulation:72.90 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "R=1#Antenna Resistance assumed to be 1 ohm for ease of calculation\n",
-    "Ic=10.8# current with no modulation\n",
-    "Pc=Ic**2*R#power with no modulation\n",
-    "It=12.15#modulated current\n",
-    "Pt=It**2*R# modulated power\n",
-    "ma=(sqrt(2*(((It/Ic)**2)-1)))#modulation depth)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'Depth of modulation:%0.2f %c'%(round(1000*ma)/10,'%')#"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.29, page no 177"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 82,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total RF power delivered is:Pt= 112.50 kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Pc=100e3#Carrier power\n",
-    "ma=0.5#Depth of modulation\n",
-    "Pt=Pc*(1+((ma**2)/2))#total RF power\n",
-    "print 'Total RF power delivered is:Pt= %0.2f kW'%(Pt/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.30, page no 178"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 83,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Carrier power:71.17 kW\n",
-      "The Intelligence power: 28.83 kW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Pt=100e3# Total power\n",
-    "ma=0.9#Depth of modulation\n",
-    "Pc=Pt/(1+((ma**2)/2))#Carrier power\n",
-    "Psb=Pt-Pc# Intelligence power i.e sideband power\n",
-    "print 'Carrier power:%0.2f kW\\nThe Intelligence power: %0.2f kW'%(Pc/1000,Psb/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example3.19, page no 178"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Modulation Index is: 64.81 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sin,sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "R=1# load resistance\n",
-    "Eo=100#RF voltage\n",
-    "Po=Eo**2/R#Carrier power\n",
-    "E=110#Modulated RMS voltage\n",
-    "Pt=E**2/R#Total modulated power\n",
-    "ma=sqrt(2*((Pt/Po)-1))# Depth of modulation\n",
-    "print 'Modulation Index is: %0.2f '%(ma*100)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter5.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter5.ipynb
index e234ad9f..e234ad9f 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter5_b9JZ6PG.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter5_b9JZ6PG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e234ad9f..00000000
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter5_b9JZ6PG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 5 : Radio Transmission system"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.1, page no 230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " Freq deviation is 17.453293 Hz\n",
-      " Multification factor is 1718\n",
-      " corresponding modified max freq deviation is 30114kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import pi\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "fm=1e2#modulation freq\n",
-    "Phimax=10*pi/180# Max Phase deviation\n",
-    "#i\n",
-    "Freq_dev=Phimax*fm# Freq deviation\n",
-    "#ii\n",
-    "Mul_fact=30e3/Freq_dev# Multification factor\n",
-    "print ' Freq deviation is %f Hz\\n Multification factor is %d\\n corresponding modified max freq deviation is 30114kHz'%(Freq_dev,Mul_fact)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter6.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter6.ipynb
index c82ada44..c82ada44 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter6_hxtqyXd.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter6_hxtqyXd.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index c82ada44..00000000
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter6_hxtqyXd.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 6  : Radio Receivers"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.1, page no 262"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Carrier freq for the BW to be 1% of fc is: 2000 kHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#Vm(t),Vc(t),Vmod(t)\n",
-    "fm=10e3#modulating freq\n",
-    "BW=2*fm# Bandwidth\n",
-    "fc=100*BW#Carrier freq\n",
-    "print'Carrier freq for the BW to be 1%% of fc is: %d kHz'%(fc/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example6.2, page no 262"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a)\n",
-      "Tuning capacitor range is: 4.579156\n",
-      "b)\n",
-      "Tuning capacitor range is: 1051\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "fmax=1600e3\n",
-    "fmin=500e3\n",
-    "IF=465e3\n",
-    "#i\n",
-    "fo1max=fmax+IF\n",
-    "fo1min=fmin+IF\n",
-    "C1max_C1min=(fo1max/fo1min)**2\n",
-    "#ii\n",
-    "fo2max=fmax-IF\n",
-    "fo2min=fmin-IF\n",
-    "C2max_C2min=(fo2max/fo2min)**2\n",
-    "print 'a)\\nTuning capacitor range is: %f\\nb)\\nTuning capacitor range is: %d'%(C1max_C1min,C2max_C2min)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter7.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter7.ipynb
index ee96e59f..7df129c1 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter7.ipynb
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from numpy import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from mpmath  import quad\n",
     "#Given\n",
     "mue=25#\n",
     "rp=5e3\n",
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from numpy import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from mpmath  import quad\n",
     "\n",
     "#Given\n",
     "mue=25\n",
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter7_QXJtmam.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter7_QXJtmam.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7df129c1..00000000
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter7_QXJtmam.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,438 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 7 : Noise"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example7.2, page no 276"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The mean square noise voltage is: 18.363 mV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "from mpmath  import quad\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "mue=25#\n",
-    "rp=5e3\n",
-    "Rl=10e3\n",
-    "C=1e-9\n",
-    "gm=mue/rp\n",
-    "Req=2.5/gm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k=1.381e-23\n",
-    "T=293\n",
-    "R1=1e5\n",
-    "# Power density spectrum for respective res\n",
-    "d1=2*k*T*R1\n",
-    "d2=2*k*T*Req\n",
-    "d3=2*k*T*Rl\n",
-    "xo=0\n",
-    "x1=1e14\n",
-    "#w=0:inf\n",
-    "#H1(w)=(-gm*rp*Rl)/(rp+Rl+(1J*w*rp*Rl*C))\n",
-    "Vo=sqrt((20231.65e2/pi)*quad(lambda w:1/(((3e9)**2)+(w**2)),[xo,x1]))\n",
-    "print 'The mean square noise voltage is: %0.3f mV'%(Vo*1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example7.3, page no 279"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The mean square noise voltage is: 22.414 uV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "from mpmath  import quad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "mue=25\n",
-    "rp=5e3\n",
-    "Rs=1e3#input resistance\n",
-    "#Coupling Capacitors are assumed as short circuit\n",
-    "Rg=1e5\n",
-    "gm=25/5e3\n",
-    "Req=2.5/gm\n",
-    "F=1+((((Req*(Rs+Rg)**2)+(Rg*Rs**2))/(Rs*Rg**2)))\n",
-    "xo=0\n",
-    "x1=1e10\n",
-    "#w=0:inf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vo=sqrt((30145e-8/pi)*quad(lambda w:1/(((3e5)**2)+(w**2)),[xo,x1]))\n",
-    "print 'The mean square noise voltage is: %.3f uV'%(vo*1e6)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example7.4, page no 283"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "overall noise Figure is: 4.33\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Ap1=10\n",
-    "Ap2=10\n",
-    "Ap3=10#  # Gain of each states\n",
-    "F_1=6\n",
-    "F_2=6\n",
-    "F_3=6#   #Noise figure of each state\n",
-    "F1= round(10**(F_1/10))\n",
-    "F2= round(10**(F_2/10))\n",
-    "F3= round(10**(F_3/10))#   # approximating the values\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=F1+((F2-1)/Ap1)+((F3-1)/(Ap1*Ap2))\n",
-    "print 'overall noise Figure is: %.2f'%(F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example7.5, page no 283"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The overall noise figure is: 7.04\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Fif=15# Noise figure of IF amplifier\n",
-    "Ap1=10# Gain of Preamplifier\n",
-    "Fpa=6#Noise figure of preamplifier\n",
-    "F2=10**(Fif/10)\n",
-    "F1=10**(Fpa/10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=F1+((F2-1)/Ap1)#overall noise figure\n",
-    "print 'The overall noise figure is: %.2f'%(F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example7.6, page no 284"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Overall Noise figure is: 2.055\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "mue=25# tube parameters\n",
-    "rp=10e3# tube parameters\n",
-    "gm=2.5e-3# transconductance\n",
-    "Req=2.5/gm# equivalent resistance\n",
-    "Rs=1000\n",
-    "Rg=1e5\n",
-    "F1=1+(((Req*((Rs+Rg)**2))+Rg*Rs**2)/(Rs*(Rg**2)))#noise figure of the first stage\n",
-    "Rg2=9.1e3\n",
-    "Rs2=10e3\n",
-    "Es=1# assuming Es=1 for ease of calculation\n",
-    "Pi=((Es/2e3)**2)*1e3\n",
-    "Po=1.532e-2*Es**2\n",
-    "Ap1=Po/Pi\n",
-    "F2=1+(((Req*((Rs2+Rg2)**2))+Rg2*Rs2**2)/(Rs2*(Rg2**2)))# noise figure of the second stage\n",
-    "F=(F1)+((F2-1)/Ap1)\n",
-    "print 'Overall Noise figure is: %.3f'%(F)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example7.8, page no 285"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The equivalent noise temp is: 4.913 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "g01=30# gain of 1st stage\n",
-    "g02=20#gain of 2nd stage\n",
-    "g03=40#gain of 3rd stage\n",
-    "F2=6# Noise factor of stage 2\n",
-    "F3=12# Noise factor of stage 3\n",
-    "Te1=4# Eq noise temp of stage 1\n",
-    "T=290# Room \n",
-    "G01=round(10**(g01/10))\n",
-    "G02=round(10**(g02/10))\n",
-    "G03=round(10**(g03/10))\n",
-    "F_2=round(10**(F2/10))\n",
-    "F_3=round(10**(F3/10))\n",
-    "Te2=round((F_2-1))*T\n",
-    "Te3=round((F_3-1))*T\n",
-    "Te=Te1+(Te2/G01)+(Te3/(G01*G02))# Eq overall noise temp\n",
-    "print 'The equivalent noise temp is: %.3f K'%(Te)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example7.9, page no 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equivalent noise temperature is 7.028 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "g01=round(10**(25/10))#low noise amplifier gain\n",
-    "Te1=4#low noise amplifier noise temp\n",
-    "g02=round(10**(1.7))#preamplifier gain\n",
-    "F2=round(10**0.6)#preamplifier noise figure\n",
-    "F3=round(10**1.2)#preamplifier noise figure\n",
-    "T=290# room temp\n",
-    "Te2=round((F2-1)*T)\n",
-    "Te3=round((F3-1)*T)\n",
-    "Te=Te1+(Te2/g01)+(Te3/(g01*g02))#Overall noise Temperature\n",
-    "print 'Equivalent noise temperature is %.3f K'%(Te)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example7.10, page no 286"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S/N ratio for FM is 43.29 dBs\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import log10\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "SNRam=25# Signal to noise ratio of AM\n",
-    "PcFM_AM=0.9#\n",
-    "mf=5\n",
-    "SNRfm=(10*log10(3*(mf**2)*(PcFM_AM)))+SNRam\n",
-    "print 'S/N ratio for FM is %.2f dBs'%(SNRfm)\n",
-    "# Note :  There are some calculation errors in the solution presented in the book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example7.11, page no 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a)\n",
-      "  New SNR for 3dB increase in input s/g is 23 dBs\n",
-      "b)  When Modulation depth is increased to 60%\n",
-      " SNR becomes 25.676045 dBs\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import log10\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "ma=0.3\n",
-    "SNR=20# s/n ratio\n",
-    "SNR1=10**(0.1*SNR)\n",
-    "SNR_new=SNR+3\n",
-    "ma2=0.6# increased new depth of modulation\n",
-    "Pt_Ni=SNR1*((1+(ma**2))/(ma**2))\n",
-    "SNR2=10*log10(Pt_Ni*((ma2**2)/(1+((ma2**2)/2))))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'a)\\n  New SNR for 3dB increase in input s/g is %d dBs\\nb)  When Modulation depth is increased to 60%%\\n SNR becomes %f dBs'%(SNR_new,(SNR2))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example7.12, page no 287"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a)  Bit Transmission rate: 60 kbits/s\n",
-      "    Signal to Quantization noise ratio 128 \n",
-      "b)\n",
-      "  Bit Transmission rate: 5 kbits/sample\n",
-      "    Signal to Quantization noise ratio: 64\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "fmax=5e3#max s/g freq\n",
-    "S_fmin=2*fmax# Min sampling freq\n",
-    "B_S=6#Binary bits sent per sample\n",
-    "BTR=B_S*S_fmin#Bit Transmission rate\n",
-    "Q=2**B_S#No of Quantizable levels\n",
-    "MQN=0.5/Q#Max Quantization noise\n",
-    "S_QNR=MQN**-1# Signal to Quantization noise ratio\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "S_QNRreq=0.5*S_QNR# Signal to Quantization noise ratio\n",
-    "Qreq=0.5*S_QNRreq#No of Quantizable levels\n",
-    "B_Sreq=log(Qreq,2)#Binary bits sent per sample\n",
-    "print 'a)  Bit Transmission rate: %d kbits/s\\n    Signal to Quantization noise ratio %d \\nb)\\n  Bit Transmission rate: %d kbits/sample\\n    Signal to Quantization noise ratio: %d'%(BTR/1000,S_QNR,B_Sreq,S_QNRreq)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter8.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter8.ipynb
index 3631a473..3631a473 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter8_ojfkyD4.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter8_ojfkyD4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3631a473..00000000
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter8_ojfkyD4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,779 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter No 8 - Transmission Line"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.1, page no 313"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 60,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The characteristic Impedance is Zo= 154.92 ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Propagation constant is Gama=0.0+7.75e-06j W\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The freq at which the line length is equal to wavelength is: 750 KHz\n",
-      " The velocity of propagation is: 322.75 km/sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "L=1.2*10**-3#distributed inductance\n",
-    "C=0.05*10**-6#distributed capacitance\n",
-    "Zo=sqrt(L/C)#Characteristic Impedance\n",
-    "print 'The characteristic Impedance is Zo= %0.2f ohm'%(Zo)\n",
-    "Wo=1# Assumedfor ease of calculation \n",
-    "G=1J*sqrt(L*C)*Wo\n",
-    "print '\\nPropagation constant is Gama={0:0.1f}+{1:0.2e}j W'.format(G.real,G.imag)\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "#i\n",
-    "lamda=0.4e3#wavelength=Line length\n",
-    "c=3e8\n",
-    "f=c/lamda\n",
-    "#ii\n",
-    "L=L*0.4\n",
-    "C=C*0.4\n",
-    "v=1/(sqrt(L*C))\n",
-    "print '\\n The freq at which the line length is equal to wavelength is: %d KHz\\n The velocity of propagation is: %0.2f km/sec'%(f*1e-3,v*1e-3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.2, page no 314"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 61,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The phase shift is: 144 degrees\n",
-      "Open Circuited line impedance: -688.19 ohms\n",
-      "Short Circuited line impedance: -363.27 ohms\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos, sin, tan,pi\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "v=3e8# velocty of light\n",
-    "f=1.2e6# Operating Freq\n",
-    "lamda=v/f\n",
-    "#print lamda)\n",
-    "l=100# length of the Tx-Line\n",
-    "phi=2*(pi*l)/(lamda)# Phase shift in degrees\n",
-    "Zo=500# Characteristic impedance\n",
-    "#a Open circuited Line\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Zin=-1J*Zo*(cos(phi)/sin(phi))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b Short circuited Line\n",
-    "Z1in=1J*Zo*tan(phi)\n",
-    "print 'The phase shift is: %d degrees'%(phi*180/pi)\n",
-    "print 'Open Circuited line impedance: {0:0.2f}'.format(-Zin.imag),'ohms'\n",
-    "print 'Short Circuited line impedance: {0:.2f}'.format(Z1in.imag),'ohms'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.3, page no 315"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 62,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The Characteristic impedance:Zo= \n",
-      "(185.464726748-135.988363959j)\n",
-      "The value of Alpha=0.263  nepere/km\n",
-      "\n",
-      "The value of Beta= 0.308\n",
-      "the tx-Line parameters are\n",
-      "R= 90.72 ohms\n",
-      "L= 21.46 mH\n",
-      "G= 128.80 umhos\n",
-      "C= 1.76 mF\n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from cmath import exp,sqrt,log,atan\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "f=1600\n",
-    "w=1000\n",
-    "Zoc=2460*exp(1J*-86.5*pi/180)# Open circuited Line impedance\n",
-    "Zsc=21.5*exp(1J*14*pi/180)# Short circuited Line impedance\n",
-    "Zo=sqrt(Zoc*Zsc)# Characteristic impedance\n",
-    "A=(sqrt(Zsc/Zoc)).real# tan(a+ jBeta) = A + jB\n",
-    "B=(sqrt(Zsc/Zoc)).imag\n",
-    "l=1/4\n",
-    "alpha=(1/(4*l))*log(((1+A**2+B)**2)/(((1-A)**2)+B**2)) #Attenuation Constant\n",
-    "Beta=(1/(2*l))*atan((2*B)/(1-A**2-B))  #phase constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the tx-Line parameters\n",
-    "R=(Zo*complex(alpha,Beta)).real\n",
-    "L=(Zo*complex(alpha,Beta)).imag\n",
-    "G=(complex(alpha,Beta)/Zo).real\n",
-    "C=(complex(alpha,Beta)/Zo).imag\n",
-    "print 'The Characteristic impedance:Zo= '\n",
-    "print Zo\n",
-    "print 'The value of Alpha={0:.3f} '.format(alpha.real),'nepere/km\\n'\n",
-    "print 'The value of Beta= {0:0.3f}'.format(Beta.real)\n",
-    "print 'the tx-Line parameters are\\nR= %0.2f ohms\\nL= %0.2f mH\\nG= %0.2f umhos\\nC= %0.2f mF\\n'%(R,L,G*1e6,C*1e3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Note :  There are some calculation errors in the solution presented in the book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.4, page no 316"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 63,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The atenuation constant is 0.011 nepers/mile\n",
-      "The Cut-off Freq is 6 KHz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "d=0.7# distance between two insertions\n",
-    "Ld_m= (80e-3)*(10/7)#Loading coil inductance\n",
-    "#print Ld_m)\n",
-    "Rd_m=100/7#Loading coil resistance\n",
-    "#print Rd_m)\n",
-    "R=20+Rd_m#Line resistance \n",
-    "L=Ld_m# Line inductance\n",
-    "C=0.05e-6# Line Capacitance\n",
-    "alfa=0.5*R*sqrt(C/L)#Attenuation Constant\n",
-    "#\n",
-    "fc=(pi*d*sqrt(L*C))**-1#cut off freq\n",
-    "print 'The atenuation constant is %0.3f nepers/mile\\nThe Cut-off Freq is %d KHz'%(alfa,fc*1e-3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Note :  There are some calculation errors in the solution presented in the book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.5, page no 317"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 64,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the voltage at the mid point of the line is \n",
-      " 6.97+6.97j\n",
-      " V with Angle = -8.59degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from cmath import exp\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "a=0.7#attenuation constant\n",
-    "b=0.3#phase constant\n",
-    "Gamma=a+(1J*b)#propagation constant\n",
-    "l=0.5# half length of line( for midpoint)\n",
-    "Vs=10# Excitation voltage\n",
-    "V_mod=Vs*(exp(-a*l))#Magnitude of the Vs\n",
-    "\n",
-    "phi=b*l*180/pi#phase shift\n",
-    "V=V_mod*(exp(-1J*(phi*pi/180)))#voltage at the mid point\n",
-    "print 'the voltage at the mid point of the line is \\n {0:0.2f}+{0:.2f}j\\n V with Angle = -%0.2fdegrees'.format(V.real,V.imag)%phi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Note :  There are some calculation errors in the solution presented in the book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.6, page no 317"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 65,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The characteristic impedance Zo= 22.20 /_-19.66 ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The Phase velocity is: v= 2.88e+07 m/sec\n",
-      " Percent decrease in the voltage is 14.91%\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from cmath import pi,sqrt,polar,phase\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "R=0.01\n",
-    "l=1e3\n",
-    "L=1e-6\n",
-    "G=1e-6\n",
-    "C=0.001e-6\n",
-    "f=1.59e3# operating freq\n",
-    "w=2*pi*f# angular freq\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "Zo=sqrt((R+(1J*w*L))*0.35/(G+(1J*w*C)))#characteristic impedance\n",
-    "Z0=polar(Zo)\n",
-    "Z0r=Z0[0]\n",
-    "Z0i=Z0[1]\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Beta=sqrt(0.5*(sqrt((((R**2)+(round(w**2)*(L**2)))*(round(G**2)+(round(w**2)*(C**2)))))-(round(R*G)-((w**2)*L*C))))#Phase constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=w/Beta#phase velocity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#c\n",
-    "Alpha=sqrt(0.5*(sqrt((((R**2)+((w**2)*(L**2)))*((G**2)+((w**2)*(C**2)))))+((R*G)-((w**2)*L*C))))#attenuation constant\n",
-    "Vs=1#Assumed for easeof calculation\n",
-    "A=(Vs-(Vs*exp(-Alpha*l)))*100\n",
-    "print 'The characteristic impedance Zo= %0.2f /_%0.2f ohm\\n'%(Z0r,Z0i*180/pi)\n",
-    "print ' The Phase velocity is: v= %3.2e m/sec\\n Percent decrease in the voltage is %0.2f%c'%(v.real,A.real,'%')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Note :  There are some calculation errors in the solution presented in the book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.15, page no 348"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 66,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The input impedance is 526.81 /_-2.18deg\n",
-      "Reflection Coeff is 0.07 /_-163.77deg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from cmath import exp,polar,cosh,sinh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "l=100# Tx-line length\n",
-    "ZR=200#Terminal resistance\n",
-    "Zo=600#Characteristic impedance\n",
-    "a=0.01#attenuation constant\n",
-    "Beta=0.03#phase constant\n",
-    "d=0#reflection coeff at load is Zero\n",
-    "Gamma=a+1J*Beta#propagation constant\n",
-    "Kd=((ZR-Zo)/(ZR+Zo))*exp(-2*Gamma*d)#reflection coeff at point D d km from load\n",
-    "Kdd=polar(Kd)\n",
-    "Kdr=Kdd[0]\n",
-    "Kdi=Kdd[1]\n",
-    "d1=100# distance\n",
-    "Ks=((ZR-Zo)/(ZR+Zo))*exp(-2*Gamma*d1)#reflection coeff at the sending end\n",
-    "[Ksr,Ksi]=polar(Ks)\n",
-    "Zin=Zo*(((ZR*cosh(Gamma*l))+(Zo*sinh(Gamma*l)))/((Zo*cosh(Gamma*l))+(ZR*sinh(Gamma*l))))#Input impedance\n",
-    "Zz=polar(Zin)\n",
-    "Zinr=Zz[0]\n",
-    "Zini=Zz[1]\n",
-    "print 'The input impedance is %0.2f /_%0.2fdeg\\nReflection Coeff is %0.2f /_%0.2fdeg'%(Zinr,Zini*180/pi,Ksr,Ksi*180/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Note :  There are some calculation errors in the solution presented in the book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.15, page no 334"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 67,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The current received is= 13.64 mA  at phase-22.59\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from cmath import cosh,polar\n",
-    "#GivenR=0.01\n",
-    "x=10#line length\n",
-    "Zo=100# characteristic impedance\n",
-    "a=0.1# attenuation constant\n",
-    "Beta=0.05# phase constant\n",
-    "Is=20e-3# source current\n",
-    "Gamma=a+ 1J*Beta# propagation constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=Is/cosh(Gamma*x)# received current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ii=polar(I)\n",
-    "I_r=Ii[0]\n",
-    "I_i=Ii[1]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'The current received is= %0.2f mA  at phase%0.2f'%(1000*I_r,I_i*180/pi)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.16, page no 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 68,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The characteristic impedance is 283.94 /_-41.38deg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from cmath import sqrt,polar\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "L=1e-3#inductance\n",
-    "R=40# Resistance\n",
-    "C=0.1e-6# capacitance\n",
-    "G=1e-6#conductance\n",
-    "w=5000# angular freq\n",
-    "Zo=sqrt(complex(R,(w*L))/complex(G,(w*C)))#Characteristic impedance\n",
-    "#Zr=sqrt(sqrt(R**2+(w*L)**2)/sqrt(G**2+(w*C)**2))\n",
-    "Zz=polar(Zo)\n",
-    "ZoR=Zz[0]\n",
-    "ZoI=Zz[1]\n",
-    "print 'The characteristic impedance is %0.2f /_%0.2fdeg'%(ZoR,ZoI*180/pi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Note :  There are some calculation errors in the solution presented in the book"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.17, page no 349"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 69,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The voltage at the mid point of the line is 7.05 /_-8.59 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from cmath import polar,exp\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "l=0.5#half line distance\n",
-    "Vs=10#Excitation voltage\n",
-    "Gamma=0.7+1J*0.3#propagation constant\n",
-    "Vv=polar(Vs*(exp(-Gamma*l)))#vtg at mid point\n",
-    "Vr=Vv[0]\n",
-    "Vi=Vv[1]\n",
-    "print 'The voltage at the mid point of the line is %0.2f /_%0.2f '%(Vr,Vi*180/pi)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.18, page no350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 70,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The max voltage on line is 5.92 V\n",
-      " The min voltage on line is 4.23 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Zo=50# characteristic impedance\n",
-    "P=500e-3#Supplied power\n",
-    "S=1.4#VSWR on the line\n",
-    "Emax=sqrt(Zo*S*P)#Max vtg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Emin=sqrt(Zo*P/S)# Min vtg\n",
-    "print 'The max voltage on line is %0.2f V\\n The min voltage on line is %0.2f V'%(Emax,Emin)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.19, page no 350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 71,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The voltage reflection coeff is 0.17\n",
-      "The VSWR is 1.40\n",
-      "\n",
-      "\n",
-      "The Max and min voltage and crresponding crrent is\n",
-      " Emax= 3.74V Imin= 26.73mA\n",
-      " Emin= 2.67V Imax= 37.42mA\n",
-      "\n",
-      " The Termination resistance should be 28.57 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Zo=100# Characteristic Impedance\n",
-    "P=100e-3#Load power\n",
-    "Zr=140#Load Resistance\n",
-    "f=100e3# Operating freq\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "K=(Zr-Zo)/(Zo+Zr)#Vtg Reflection coeff\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "S=(1+K)/(1-K)#VSWR\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#c+d\n",
-    "Emax=sqrt(Zr*P)#Max line vltg\n",
-    "Imin=Emax/Zr#Min line current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Emin=Emax/S# Min line vltg\n",
-    "Imax=S*Imin#Max line current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#e\n",
-    "R=14000/40\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Zr=(Zo**2)/R#\n",
-    "print '\\nThe voltage reflection coeff is %0.2f\\nThe VSWR is %0.2f\\n\\n\\nThe Max and min voltage and crresponding crrent is\\n Emax= %0.2fV Imin= %0.2fmA\\n Emin= %0.2fV Imax= %0.2fmA\\n\\n The Termination resistance should be %0.2f ohm'%(K,S,Emax,Imin*1e3,Emin,Imax*1e3,Zr)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.20, page no 352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 72,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the receiving voltage will be 0.25 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp,log\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "V=0.5#receiving vtg\n",
-    "Vs=2#Source vtg\n",
-    "al=-log(V/Vs)#attenuation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "al2=al*1.5\n",
-    "V=Vs*exp(-al2)#receiving voltage\n",
-    "print 'the receiving voltage will be %0.2f V'%(V)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.22, page no352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 73,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The lrngth should be 25 metres\n",
-      "The Characteristic Impedance should be 48.79 ohms\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from cmath import sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "Zin=25+1J*15# Internal Impedance\n",
-    "Zr=70-1J*42#load\n",
-    "f=3e6#operating freq\n",
-    "v=3e8#light velocity\n",
-    "L=v/(4*f)#length of the line\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Zo=sqrt(Zin*Zr)#Characteristic Impedance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'The lrngth should be %d metres\\nThe Characteristic Impedance should be %0.2f ohms'%(L,Zo.real)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.23, page no353"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 74,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The cut-off freq is 3.03 KHz \n",
-      " the voltage being measured is 1 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "L=1e-3# inductance\n",
-    "C=61.25e-9#capacitance\n",
-    "Ld=44e-3#coil inductance\n",
-    "d=2#distance intervals after which coils are added\n",
-    "Lt=(L*2)+(Ld*2)#total inductance\n",
-    "Ct=C*2#total capacitance\n",
-    "fc=(pi*sqrt(Lt*Ct))**-1#cut off freq\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "I=100e-3#milliameter range\n",
-    "R=1#milliameter resistance\n",
-    "Zo=100#characteristic impedance\n",
-    "Zin=(Zo**2)/R#input impedance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Er=I*R#\n",
-    "Es=Er*sqrt(Zin/Zo)\n",
-    "print 'The cut-off freq is %0.2f KHz \\n the voltage being measured is %d V'%(fc*1e-3,Es)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.24, page no 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 75,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the Length of the transformer(stub) is 3.75 metres\n",
-      " The characteristic impedance of this transformer is 224 ohms\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "f=20e6#tuned freq\n",
-    "ZR=100#Equivalent aerial Resistance\n",
-    "Zin=500#input impedance\n",
-    "c=3e8\n",
-    "lamda=c/f\n",
-    "l=lamda/4#lamda/4 Transformer\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Zo=sqrt(Zin*ZR)#Characteristic impedance\n",
-    "print 'the Length of the transformer(stub) is %0.2f metres\\n The characteristic impedance of this transformer is %d ohms'%(l,round(Zo))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example8.25, page no 354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 76,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The sending end (Source end)impedance (Zl)is: \n",
-      "330.46+-16.35j\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "lamda=5#wavelength\n",
-    "Zo=200#Characteristic impedance\n",
-    "Zo1=100#Zo'\n",
-    "ZL=50+(1J*50)# load impedance\n",
-    "l1=0.4*lamda\n",
-    "l2=0.2*lamda\n",
-    "Beta=(2*pi/lamda)# phase difference\n",
-    "Z2=Zo1*(((ZL*cos(Beta*l2))+(1J*Zo1*sin(Beta*l2)))/((Zo1*cos(Beta*l2))+(1J*ZL*sin(Beta*l2))))#I/p Impedance offered by I2toI1\n",
-    "Z1=Zo*(((Z2*cos(Beta*l1))+(1J*Zo*sin(Beta*l1)))/((Zo*cos(Beta*l1))+(1J*Z2*sin(Beta*l1))))#I/p impedance\n",
-    "print 'The sending end (Source end)impedance (Zl)is: '\n",
-    "print '{0:0.2f}+{1:0.2f}j'.format(Z1.real,Z1.imag)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter9.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter9.ipynb
index 2d2304df..680d96b4 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter9.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -92,13 +92,13 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "Total power radiated is 888.89 watts\n"
+      "Total power radiated is 888.00 watts\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "from numpy import arange, pi\n",
-    "from sympy.mpmath import quad, sin\n",
+    "from mpmath  import quad, sin\n",
     "#Given\n",
     "r=1#assume distance for ease of calculation\n",
     "#Pav(theta)=(1000/(3*pi*r**2))*((sin(theta))**2)\n",
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter9_DDdr7S3.ipynb b/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter9_DDdr7S3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 680d96b4..00000000
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter9_DDdr7S3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,338 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter No 9 - Aerials"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example9.1, page no 397"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The maximum effective aperture of the\n",
-      " aerial is 28.65 sq m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "D=90# directivity\n",
-    "lamda=2# wavelength\n",
-    "Ae=(D*(lamda**2))/(4*pi)#effective aperture\n",
-    "print 'The maximum effective aperture of the\\n aerial is %0.2f sq m'%(Ae)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example9.2, page no 397"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Angular beam width is 22.92 degrees\n",
-      "BeamWidth is 0.40 rad\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,cos\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "n=10#no of aerial elements\n",
-    "d=0.5#distance in terms of wavelength\n",
-    "Beam_Width=2/(n*d)#\n",
-    "Beam_Width_degrees=Beam_Width*180/pi\n",
-    "print 'Angular beam width is %0.2f degrees\\nBeamWidth is %0.2f rad'%(Beam_Width_degrees,Beam_Width)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example9.3, pageno 397"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total power radiated is 888.00 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange, pi\n",
-    "from mpmath  import quad, sin\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "r=1#assume distance for ease of calculation\n",
-    "#Pav(theta)=(1000/(3*pi*r**2))*((sin(theta))**2)\n",
-    "theta=arange(0, pi, 0.1)\n",
-    "x0=0\n",
-    "x1=pi\n",
-    "Pt=(2000/(3*r**2))*quad(lambda theta: (sin(theta))**3,[x0,x1])#Total power radiated \n",
-    "print 'Total power radiated is %0.2f watts'%(Pt)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example9.4, page no 398"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "electric field intensity is 0.25 mV/m \n",
-      " magnetic field intensity is 0.67 uA/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi,cos\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "dl=2# length of wire \n",
-    "I=6#current in the wire\n",
-    "f=1e6# operating freq\n",
-    "r=30e3#distance at which field is to be calculated\n",
-    "theta=90#right angles to the wire axis\n",
-    "lamda=300# wavelength\n",
-    "w=2*pi*f#angular freq\n",
-    "c=3e8\n",
-    "t=f**-1\n",
-    "Phi=w*(t-(r/c))#Phase shift\n",
-    "Erad=25.13e-5*cos(Phi)#Radiation electric field intensity\n",
-    "H=Erad/(120*pi)#Radiation magnetic field intensity\n",
-    "print 'electric field intensity is %0.2f mV/m \\n magnetic field intensity is %0.2f uA/m'%(Erad*1e3,H*1e6)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example9.5, page no 399"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The radiated power is 1.03 watts\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#c\n",
-    "Rr=73# radition resistance\n",
-    "Vrms=10#RMS voltage of the signal\n",
-    "Zin_mod=sqrt((73**2)+(42**2))#absolute input impedance\n",
-    "Irms=Vrms/Zin_mod#RMS current\n",
-    "Pt=(Irms**2)*Rr# Radiated power\n",
-    "print 'The radiated power is %0.2f watts'%(round(100*Pt)/100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example9.6 page no 400"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ideal directive gain is 55840\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "c=3e8\n",
-    "f=2e9#operating freq\n",
-    "Ae=100#aperture area\n",
-    "lamda=c/f# operating wavwlength\n",
-    "D=((4*3.141*Ae)/(lamda**2))# Directivity\n",
-    "print 'Ideal directive gain is %d'%(D)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example9.7, pageno 400"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The angular width is 0.40 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "n=10# no of aerial elements\n",
-    "lambda_d=2#\n",
-    "BeamWidth=2*lambda_d/n# Beamwidth\n",
-    "print 'The angular width is %0.2f degrees'%(BeamWidth)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example9.8, page no 400"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Overall Gain is 3.52 dBs\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log10\n",
-    "#Given\n",
-    "D1=1\n",
-    "D2=1.5*D1 # diameters of the new reflectors   D1=1assumed for ease of calculation\n",
-    "G_dbs=10*log10((D2/D1)**2)#Gain in dBs\n",
-    "print 'Overall Gain is %0.2f dBs'%(round(1000*G_dbs)/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example9.9, page no 401"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radiation resistance is 2.05 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Given\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "c=3e8\n",
-    "f=800e3# operating freq\n",
-    "dl=27#effective height\n",
-    "lamda=c/f\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Rr=40*(3.142**2)*(dl/lamda)**2#Radiation Resistance\n",
-    "print 'Radiation resistance is %0.2f ohm'%(Rr)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch1.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch1.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 5c780e84..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch1.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,404 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 1 : Basic Concepts"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example1_1,pg 481"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# unknown resistance(refer fig. 1.4(a))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#VAriable declaration\n",

-      "Ir=10*10**-3             #current drawn by resistor\n",

-      "Vr=100.0                 #voltage across resistor\n",

-      "Rv=40*10**3              #voltmeter resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calcualtions\n",

-      "Ru=(Vr/Ir)*(1/(1-(Vr/(Ir*Rv)))) \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"output resistance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Ru = %d ohm\"%Ru)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "output resistance:\n",

-        "Ru = 13333 ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example1_2,pg 481"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# unknown resistance(refer fig. 1.4(b))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Ir=10*10**-3                   #current drawn by resistor\n",

-      "Vr=100.0                       #voltage across resistor\n",

-      "Rv=40*10**3                    #voltmeter resistance\n",

-      "Ra=1.0                         #ammeter resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ru=(Rv/Ir)-Ra\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"output resistance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Ru = %.2f ohm\"%Ru)\n",

-      "# Answer in the book is in k-ohm"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "output resistance:\n",

-        "Ru=3999999.00 ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example1_3,pg 481"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find ammeter reading\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Rv=40*10**3                        #voltmeter resistance\n",

-      "Ra=1.0                             #ammeter resistance\n",

-      "Vr=40.0                            #voltmeter reading\n",

-      "Ru=10*10**3                        #unknown resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ir=(Vr*(Rv+Ru))/(Ru*Rv)\n",

-      "Ir1=(Vr/(Ru+Ra))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"ammeter reading case1:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Ir = %d mA\"%(Ir*10**3))\n",

-      "print(\"\\nammeter reading case2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Ir1 = %.d mA\"%(Ir1*10**3))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "ammeter reading case1:\n",

-        "Ir = 5 mA\n",

-        "\n",

-        "ammeter reading case2:\n",

-        "Ir1 = 3 mA\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example1_4,pg 482"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# unknown resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vs=3.0                       #supply voltage\n",

-      "Vu=2.75                      #voltmeter reading\n",

-      "Rp=10*10**3                  #parallel resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ru=Rp*((Vs/Vu)-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"unknown resistance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Ru = %.2f ohm\"%Ru)\n",

-      "#Answer in the book is not matching"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "unknown resistance:\n",

-        "Ru=909.09 ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example1_5,pg 482"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Find input vlotage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#with input voltage exceding 2Vd,diodes conduct and the voltage divider circuit with diodes can allow only a Vi given by Vi=2Vd\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"input voltage to amplifier:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vi = 2*Vd\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "input voltage to amplifier:\n",

-        "Vi = 2*Vd\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example1_6,pg 482"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find shunt resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Rm=1000.0                      #meter resistance\n",

-      "Is=900*10**-6                   #shunt current\n",

-      "Vm=100*10**-3                  #drop across meter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "Rs=Vm/Is\n",

-      "It=1*10**-3\n",

-      "#Is=It*(Rm/(Rs+Rm))\n",

-      "Rs=(Rm*(It-Is))/Is\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"shunt resistance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Rs = %.1f ohm\"%Rs)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "shunt resistance:\n",

-        "Rs = 111.1 ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example1_7,pg 483"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find series resistor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "If=100*10**-6                 #full scale current\n",

-      "Rm=1000.0                     #meter resistance\n",

-      "Vf=10.0                       #full scale voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Rs=(Vf/If)-Rm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"series resistance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Rs=%.0f ohm\"%Rs)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "series resistance:\n",

-        "Rs=99000 ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example1_8,pg 483"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# sensitivity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "If=100*10**-6       # Current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "S=1/If\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"sensitivity:\")\n",

-      "print(\"S = %.2f ohm/volt\"%S)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "sensitivity:\n",

-        "S = 10000.00 ohm/volt\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example1_9,pg 483"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# error in measurment\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "# Variable declaration\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#assume that the voltmeter full scale reading is 12V which gives its resistance as 1.2*10^6 ohm \n",

-      "#which is in parallel with 10*10^6 ohm making as equivalent of Rq given as\n",

-      "R=1.2*10**6                    #voltmeter resistance\n",

-      "R1=10*10**6                    #voltage divider resistance\n",

-      "Vin=12.0                       #input voltage to divider network\n",

-      "Rs=4*10**6                     # series resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Rq=(R*R1)/(R+R1)\n",

-      "Vq=(Rq*Vin)/(Rq+Rs)            #voltage across equivalent combination\n",

-      "Va=(R1*Vin)/(R1+Rs)            #actual volatge\n",

-      "er=(Vq-Va)/Va                  #error\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"error in measurement:\")\n",

-      "print(\"\\ner = %.3f i.e %.1f%%\"%(er,er*100))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "error in measurement:\n",

-        "\n",

-        "er = -0.704 i.e -70.4%\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 16

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch10.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch10.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 47581a84..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch10.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,671 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 10 : Bridge Circuits"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_1,pg 292"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# wheatstone bridge\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vs=12.0                  #source voltage\n",

-      "R=120.0                  #resistance of arms \n",

-      "delv=0.3                 #variation in output voltage(+/-)0.3\n",

-      "Rm=100.0                 #meter resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "delRbyR=(4.0/Vs)*(delv)*100\n",

-      "delIm=(delRbyR/100.0)/(4.0*R*(1+(Rm/R)))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"percent change in resistance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"delRbyR = %.f%% \\n\"%delRbyR)\n",

-      "print(\"current variation:\")\n",

-      "print(\"delIm = %.6f A\"%delIm)\n",

-      "# Answer current variation is not matchhing with the book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "percent change in resistance:\n",

-        "delRbyR = 10% \n",

-        "\n",

-        "current variation:\n",

-        "delIm = 0.000114 A\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_2,pg 295"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# high resistance measurement bridge\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#variable declaration\n",

-      "#in absence of the guard point arrangement, two 10^10 ohm resistances in series become parallel \n",

-      "#to the 10^9 ohm resistance, making the effective unknown resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#case-1\n",

-      "Rh=10.0**9\n",

-      "Ra1=10.0**10\n",

-      "Rb1=10.0**10\n",

-      "#case-2 \n",

-      "Ra2=10.0**9\n",

-      "Rb2=10.0**9\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Rue1=((Rh*2*Ra1)/(Rh+(2*Ra1)))        #effective resistance\n",

-      "err1=((Rh-Rue1)/Rh)*100               #percentage error\n",

-      "Rue2=((Rh*2*Ra2)/(Rh+(2*Ra2)))        #effective resistance\n",

-      "err2=((Rh-Rue2)/Rh)*100               #percentage error\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"percentage error case-1:\")\n",

-      "print(\"err1 = %.0f%% \\n\"%err1)\n",

-      "print(\"percentage error case-2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"err2 = %.1f%%\"%err2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "percentage error case-1:\n",

-        "err1 = 5% \n",

-        "\n",

-        "percentage error case-2:\n",

-        "err2 = 33.3%\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_3,pg 297"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# capacitance and resistance of AC bridge\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Z1=20.0+80.0j            #impedance in first arm\n",

-      "Z2=200.0                 #impedance in second arm\n",

-      "Z3=100.0+200.0j          #impedance in third arm\n",

-      "f=50.0                   #excitation frequency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Zu=((Z2*Z3)/Z1)                 #impedance of fourth arm\n",

-      "Cu=(1.0/(2*math.pi*f*Zu.real))  #capacitance in fourth arm\n",

-      "Ru=-Zu.imag                     #resistance in fourth arm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"capacitance in fourth arm:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Cu = %f F\\n\"%(Cu*10**6))\n",

-      "print(\"resistance in fourth arm:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Ru = %.2f ohm\"%Ru)\n",

-      "#Answer is slightly different than book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "capacitance in fourth arm:\n",

-        "Cu = 6.012520 F\n",

-        "\n",

-        "resistance in fourth arm:\n",

-        "Ru = 117.65 ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_4,pg 301"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# schering bridge\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "C3=0.001*10**-6                    #capacitor\n",

-      "Fd=6.0*10**-4                      #dissipation factor\n",

-      "f=1.0*10**3                        #schering bridge frequency\n",

-      "R1=10.0*10**3\n",

-      "R2=10.0*10**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ru=(Fd/(2*math.pi*f*C3))           #standard resistor\n",

-      "C1=C3*(1/R2)*Ru\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"standard resistor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Ru = %.3f ohm\\n\"%Ru)\n",

-      "print(\"capacitor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"C1 = %.1f pF\"%(C1*10**12))\n",

-      "#Answer do not match with the book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "standard resistor:\n",

-        "Ru = 95.493 ohm\n",

-        "\n",

-        "capacitor:\n",

-        "C1 = 9.5 pF\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 25

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_5,pg 303"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# wein bridge\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "R=10*10**3                    #resistor\n",

-      "C=0.001*10**-6                #capacitor\n",

-      "R3=10.0*10**3                 #reistance in third arm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "f=(1.0/(2*math.pi*R*C))       #supply frequency\n",

-      "R4=(R3/2)                     #reistance in fourth arm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"supply frequency:\")\n",

-      "print(\"f = %.2f kHz\\n\"%(f/1000))\n",

-      "print(\"reistance in fourth arm:\")\n",

-      "print(\"R4 = %.1f k-ohm\"%(R4/1000))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "supply frequency:\n",

-        "f = 15.92 kHz\n",

-        "\n",

-        "reistance in fourth arm:\n",

-        "R4 = 5.0 k-ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 27

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_6,pg 303"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# balance condition in wein bridge\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "f=47.76*10**3                         #supplu frequency\n",

-      "C=10**-9                              #assume\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "CR=(1.0/(2*math.pi*f))                #resistor capacitor product\n",

-      "R=(CR/C)                              #resistor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"for (R3/R4) = 2\\nR3 and R4 may be maintained at earlier values\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "for (R3/R4) = 2\n",

-        "R3 and R4 may be maintained at earlier values\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_7,pg 309"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# relation between Vo and t for Vi given\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "a1=3.81*10**-3\n",

-      "a2=-6.17*10**-7\n",

-      "#R1=(R2/2),i.e R2/R1=2\n",

-      "R1=10*10**3\n",

-      "R2=20*10**3\n",

-      "R5=4*10**3\n",

-      "R6=20*10**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "B=(R5/(R5+R6))\n",

-      "#using relation 10.68(b)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(Vo/Vi)= (-3.05*10^-3)t/(1+0.76*10^-3)t\")\n",

-      "print(\"thus for, t<=130 C, Vo is approx. linear. This however can be extended with proper choice\")\n",

-      "print(\"i.e R5 and R6 in relation to R1,R3 and R4\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(Vo/Vi)= (-3.05*10^-3)t/(1+0.76*10^-3)t\n",

-        "thus for, t<=130 C, Vo is approx. linear. This however can be extended with proper choice\n",

-        "i.e R5 and R6 in relation to R1,R3 and R4\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_8,pg 503"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find deflection in galvanometer\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "R1=120.0                    #resistance of arm-1\n",

-      "R2=120.0                    #resistance of arm-2\n",

-      "R3=120.0                    #resistance of arm-3\n",

-      "R4=121.0                    #resistance of arm-4\n",

-      "Rm=100.0                    #meter resistance\n",

-      "Vs=6.0                      #source voltage\n",

-      "n=1*10**-3                  #meter sensitivity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "k=(R3/(R3+R4))\n",

-      "k = math.floor(k*10**3)/10**3\n",

-      "Vm=Vs*((R1/(R1+R2))-k)                  #voltage across meter\n",

-      "Rb=((R1*R2)/(R1+R2))+((R3*R4)/(R3+R4))  #thevenised bridge resistance\n",

-      "Rb=math.floor(Rb*1000)/1000 \n",

-      "Ig=(Vm/(Rb+Rm))                         #current through galvanometer\n",

-      " \n",

-      "D=Ig*10**6\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"deflection in meter:\")\n",

-      "print(\"D = %f mm\"%D)\n",

-      "#Calcualtions in the book are not correct"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "deflection in meter:\n",

-        "D = 81.726054 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 49

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_9,pg 503"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find insulating post resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "err=0.5/100.0                 #(+/-)0.5%\n",

-      "R=100.0*10**6               #test resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "#Re=((R*2*Rip)/(R+(2*Rip)))\n",

-      "Re1=R-(err*R)               #err=+0.5\n",

-      "Re2=R+(err*R)               #err=-0.5\n",

-      "Rip1=((R*Re1)/(2*(R-Re1)))  #err=+0.5\n",

-      "Rip2=((R*Re2)/(2*(Re2-R)))  #err=-0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"resistance of each insulating post-1:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Rip1 = %.2f M-ohm\\n\"%(Rip1*10**-6))\n",

-      "print(\"resistance of each insulating post-2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Rip2 = %.2f M-ohm\"%(Rip2*10**-6))\n",

-      "# Answer in the book are not matching"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "resistance of each insulating post-1:\n",

-        "Rip1 = 9950.00 M-ohm\n",

-        "\n",

-        "resistance of each insulating post-2:\n",

-        "Rip2 = 10050.00 M-ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 61

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_10,pg 504\n"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# maxwell bridge\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Ru=130.0                     #resistance\n",

-      "Lu=31*10**-3                 #inductance \n",

-      "R2=10*10**3                  #resistance in arm-2\n",

-      "C1=0.01*10**-6               #capacitance in arm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "R3=(Lu/(C1*R2))              #resistance in arm-3\n",

-      "R1=((R2*R3)/Ru)              #resistance in arm-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"R1 = %.2f k-ohm\"%(R1/1000))\n",

-      "print(\"R3 = %.f ohm\"%R3)\n",

-      "print(\"yes values are unique\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "R1 = 23.85 k-ohm\n",

-        "R3 = 310 ohm\n",

-        "yes values are unique\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 64

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_11,pg 504"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# hay bridge\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "f=1000.0                 #supply frequency\n",

-      "C1=0.04*10**-6           #capacitance\n",

-      "R1=220.0                 #resistance in arm-1\n",

-      "R2 = 10*10**3            #resistance in arm-2\n",

-      "Lu=22.0*10**-3           #inductance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "pi= math.floor(math.pi*100)/100\n",

-      "Ru=((2*pi*f)**2)*C1*R1*Lu #resistance\n",

-      "R3=((R1*Ru)+(Lu/C1))/R2        #resistance in arm-3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"resistance of inductor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Ru = %.3f ohm\\n\"%Ru)\n",

-      "print(\"resistance of arm-3:\")\n",

-      "print(\"R3 = %.2f ohm\"%R3)\n",

-      "#Answer for R3 is not matching."

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "resistance of inductor:\n",

-        "Ru = 7.635 ohm\n",

-        "\n",

-        "resistance of arm-3:\n",

-        "R3 = 55.17 ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 74

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_12,pg 505"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find C1 C3 and dissipation factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "C4=0.0033*10**-6              #lossy capacitor\n",

-      "R2=12.0*10**3                 #arm-2 resistance\n",

-      "R1=10.0*10**3                 #arm-1 resistance\n",

-      "f = 50.0                      # frequency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "C3=((C4*R2)/R1)               #standard capacitance\n",

-      "R4=0.1\n",

-      "C1=((R4*C3)/R2)\n",

-      "Fd=2*math.pi*f*C4*R4         #dissipation factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"capacitance set value:\")\n",

-      "print(\"C1 = %.5f * 10^12 F\\n\"%(C1*10**12))\n",

-      "print(\"value of standard capacitance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"C3 = %.5f *10^6 F\\n\"%(C3*10**6))\n",

-      "print(\"dissipation factor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Fd = %.4f * 10^-6\"%(math.floor(Fd*10**10)/10**4))\n",

-      "#Answer for C1 is wrong"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "capacitance set value:\n",

-        "C1 = 0.03300 * 10^12 F\n",

-        "\n",

-        "value of standard capacitance:\n",

-        "C3 = 0.00396 *10^6 F\n",

-        "\n",

-        "dissipation factor:\n",

-        "Fd = 0.1036 * 10^-6\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example10_13,pg 505"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# wein bridge\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "f=10.0*10**3                     #supply frequency\n",

-      "R1=10.0*10**3                    #reistance of arm-1\n",

-      "C1=0.01*10**-6\n",

-      "C2=0.01*10**-6\n",

-      "R3=20*10**3                    #resistance of arm-3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calaculations\n",

-      "R2=(1/(f**2))*(1/(C1*C2*R1))   #resistance of arm-2\n",

-      "R4=(R3/((R1/R2)+(C2/C1)))      #resistance of arm-4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"resistance of arm-2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"R4 = %.f k-ohm\\n\"%(R2/1000))\n",

-      "print(\"resistance of arm-4:\")\n",

-      "print(\"R2 = %.f k-ohm\\n\"%(R4/1000))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "resistance of arm-2:\n",

-        "R4 = 10 k-ohm\n",

-        "\n",

-        "resistance of arm-4:\n",

-        "R2 = 10 k-ohm\n",

-        "\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch11.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch11.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index ad09fffb..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch11.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,518 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 11 : Test Signal Generation"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example11_1,pg 343\n"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# limits of duty cycle\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable decl;aration\n",

-      "R1=1.0*10**3               #input resistance\n",

-      "R2=1.0*10**3               #feedback resistor\n",

-      "R3=1.0*10**3               #non inverting ter. resistor\n",

-      "R8=1.0*10**3               #potentiometer\n",

-      "R4=1.0*10**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "DF1=(R1/((2*R1)+R8))     #duty factor lim.-1\n",

-      "DF2=(R1+R4)/((2*R1)+R8)  #duty factor lim.-2\n",

-      "#T=(((2*R4*C*((2*R1)+R8)))/R1)*(Vt/Vi)=((6*R4*C*Vt)/Vi)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"range of duty factor is DF1 to DF2 i.e.\")\n",

-      "print(\"%.2f  to %.2f \"%(DF1,DF2))\n",

-      "print(\"\\nlimits of t1 and t2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"(T/3)  to  (2T/3)\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "range of duty factor is DF1 to DF2 i.e.\n",

-        "0.33  to 0.67 \n",

-        "\n",

-        "limits of t1 and t2:\n",

-        "(T/3)  to  (2T/3)\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example11_2,pg 344"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# determine sinewave amplitude and segment slopes\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vtx=5.0                         #triangular peak(+/-)5\n",

-      "Vsx=(2/math.pi)*Vtx             #sinewave peak\n",

-      "#if n=3 then there are 2*3=6 break points these are at o/p voltages\n",

-      "n=3.0                           #break point parameter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vs1=(2/math.pi)*Vtx*math.sin((1*math.pi)/((2*n)+1))\n",

-      "Vs2=(2/math.pi)*Vtx*math.sin((2*math.pi)/((2*n)+1))\n",

-      "Vs3=(2/math.pi)*Vtx*math.sin((3*math.pi)/((2*n)+1))\n",

-      "#calculating slopes\n",

-      "ms1=(((2*n)+1)/math.pi)*(math.sin((math.pi*(1+1))/((2*n)+1))-math.sin((math.pi*1)/((2*n)+1)))\n",

-      "ms2=(((2*n)+1)/math.pi)*(math.sin((math.pi*(2+1))/((2*n)+1))-math.sin((math.pi*2)/((2*n)+1)))\n",

-      "ms3=(((2*n)+1)/math.pi)*(math.sin((math.pi*(3+1))/((2*n)+1))-math.sin((math.pi*3)/((2*n)+1)))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"break points:\")\n",

-      "print(\"output voltages:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vs1 = %.2f V  \"%Vs1)\n",

-      "print(\"Vs2 = %.2f V  \"%Vs2)\n",

-      "print(\"Vs3 = %.2f V\\n\"%Vs3)\n",

-      "print(\"segment slopes:\")\n",

-      "print(\"ms1 = %.2f \"%ms1)\n",

-      "print(\"ms2 = %.2f \"%ms2)\n",

-      "print(\"ms3 = %.2f \"%ms3)\n",

-      "#Answers are slightly different than book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "break points:\n",

-        "output voltages:\n",

-        "Vs1 = 1.38 V  \n",

-        "Vs2 = 2.49 V  \n",

-        "Vs3 = 3.10 V\n",

-        "\n",

-        "segment slopes:\n",

-        "ms1 = 0.78 \n",

-        "ms2 = 0.43 \n",

-        "ms3 = 0.00 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example11_3,pg 505"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find inductance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "R1=0.0              #resistance\n",

-      "C=0.1*10**-6        #capacitance\n",

-      "f=1.0*10**3         #frequency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "L=(1.0/(((2*math.pi*f)**2)*C))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Inductance of circuit:\")\n",

-      "print(\"L = %.6f H \"%(L))\n",

-      "#Answer do not matche with book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Inductance of circuit:\n",

-        "L = 0.253303 H \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 20

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example11_4,pg 506"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# resonance frequency of crystal\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "C1=4*10**-12       #Capacitance\n",

-      "L=94*10**-3        #inductance \n",

-      "C=13*10**-9        #capacitance\n",

-      "R=91.3             #resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "f1=(1/(2*math.pi))*((L*C)**(-1.0/2))                     #resonance frequency-1\n",

-      "f2=(math.sqrt(1+(C/C1))/(2*math.pi*math.sqrt(L*C)))      #resonance frequency-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"resonance frequency-1:\")\n",

-      "print(\"f1 = %.2f kHz\\n\"%(f1/1000))\n",

-      "print(\"resonance frequency-2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"f2 = %.2f kHz\"%(f2/1000))\n",

-      "#Answer for f2 is slightly different"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "resonance frequency-1:\n",

-        "f1 = 4.55 kHz\n",

-        "\n",

-        "resonance frequency-2:\n",

-        "f2 = 259.59 kHz\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 23

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example11_5,pg 506\n"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find R in CR section\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "f=1.0*10**3             #frequency\n",

-      "C=0.01*10**-6           #capacitance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "#f=(1/(2*%pi))*(1/(6^(1/2)*RC))\n",

-      "R=(1/(2*math.pi*(6**(0.5)*C*f)))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"resistance of circuit\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"R = %.1f k-ohm\"%(R/1000))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "resistance of circuit\n",

-        "\n",

-        "R = 6.5 k-ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 24

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example11_6,pg 506"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find phase difference in wein network\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "epsi=0.01                  #detuning parameter\n",

-      "eta1=1.0                   #(f/fo)=1\n",

-      "eta2=2.2                   #(f/fo)=2.2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "#case-1\n",

-      "phi1=math.atan((3*eta1*((eta1**2)-1)*(3+(2*epsi)))/((((eta1**2)-1)**2)*(3+epsi)-(9*epsi*(eta1**2))))\n",

-      "#case-2\n",

-      "phi2=math.atan((3*eta2*((eta2**2)-1)*(3+(2*epsi)))/((((eta2**2)-1)**2)*(3+epsi)-(9*epsi*(eta2**2))))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"phase difference for case-1:\")\n",

-      "print(\"phi1 = %d rad\\n\"%phi1)\n",

-      "print(\"phase difference for case-2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"phi2 = %.2f rad\"%phi2)\n",

-      "#Answer for phi2 is not matching with book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "phase difference for case-1:\n",

-        "phi1 = 0 rad\n",

-        "\n",

-        "phase difference for case-2:\n",

-        "phi2 = 1.05 rad\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 30

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example11_7,pg 507"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# digital frequency synthesizer\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "N=12.0                   #12-bit synthesizer\n",

-      "k1=1.0                   #sampling rate at sampler's rate\n",

-      "k2=4.0                   #sampling rate at 4 times sampler's rate\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "#case-1\n",

-      "adv1=(360/(2**N))        #advancement of o/p register \n",

-      "#2pi rad=360 deg.\n",

-      "#case-2\n",

-      "adv2=(4.0*(360)/(2**N))  #advancement of o/p register \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"advancement of o/p register for case-1:\")\n",

-      "print(\"adv1 = %.4f\u00b0 \\n\"%adv1)\n",

-      "print(\"advancement of o/p register for case-2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"adv2 = %.4f\u00b0\"%adv2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "advancement of o/p register for case-1:\n",

-        "adv1 = 0.0879\u00b0 \n",

-        "\n",

-        "advancement of o/p register for case-2:\n",

-        "adv2 = 0.3516\u00b0\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 31

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example11_8,pg 507"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find controlling voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "f=1.0*10**3                 #frequency\n",

-      "R6=10.0*10**3              #feed-back resistor\n",

-      "R5=22.0*10**3               #feed-in resistor\n",

-      "R4=10.0*10**3               #integrator resistor\n",

-      "C=0.1*10**-6                #integrator capacitor\n",

-      "Vsx=2.0                     #comparator pulse amplitude\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vi=((f*R4*R5*C)/(R6*4*Vsx)) #controlling voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"controlling voltage:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vi = %.3f V\"%Vi)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "controlling voltage:\n",

-        "Vi = 0.275 V\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 33

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example11_9,pg 507"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find limits of duty factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "R1=10.0*10**3\n",

-      "R8=10.0*10**3\n",

-      "R4=10.0*10**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "lim1=(R1/((2*R1)+R8))         #limit-1 of duty factor\n",

-      "lim2=((R1+R4)/((2*R1)+R8))    #limit-2 of duty factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"duty factors are given by (t1/T) and (t2/T). the limits are giiven by\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"lim1 = %.2f\"%lim1)\n",

-      "print(\"lim2 = %.2f\"%lim2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "duty factors are given by (t1/T) and (t2/T). the limits are giiven by\n",

-        "\n",

-        "lim1 = 0.33\n",

-        "lim2 = 0.67\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example11_10,pg 507"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find output voltage V1 and V2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vi=1.3                       #input voltage\n",

-      "R2=10.0*10**3\n",

-      "R3=10.0*10**3\n",

-      "R8=10.0*10**3                  #potentiometer\n",

-      "B=1.0/3                      #wiper distance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "V1=((R3*Vi)/(R3+(B*R8)))     #output voltage-1\n",

-      "V2=-((R2*Vi)/(R3+((1-B)*R8)))#output voltage-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"ouput voltage-1:\")\n",

-      "print(\"V1 = %.4f V\"%V1)\n",

-      "print(\"ouput voltage-2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"V2 = %.4f V\"%V2)\n",

-      "#Answers are slightly different than book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "ouput voltage-1:\n",

-        "V1 = 0.9750 V\n",

-        "ouput voltage-2:\n",

-        "V2 = -0.7800 V\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 36

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": []

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch12.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch12.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 49c7124a..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch12.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,432 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 12 : Display Record And Acquisition Of Data"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example12_1,pg 371"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find excitation voltage and electrode areas\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "E=10**6                #electric field\n",

-      "l=10**-6               #thickness of LCD\n",

-      "V=E*l                  #excitation potential\n",

-      "I=0.1*10**-6           #current\n",

-      "rho=E/I                #crystal resistivity\n",

-      "P=10*10**-6            #power consumption\n",

-      "A=(P/(V*I))            #area of electrodes\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"excitation potential:\")\n",

-      "print(\"V = %.f V\\n\"%V)\n",

-      "print(\"crystal resistivity:\")\n",

-      "print(\"rho = %.f * 10^-12 ohm-cm\\n\"%(rho*10**-12))\n",

-      "print(\"area of electrodes:\")\n",

-      "print(\"A = %.f cm^2\"%(A))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "excitation potential:\n",

-        "V = 1 V\n",

-        "\n",

-        "crystal resistivity:\n",

-        "rho = 10 * 10^-12 ohm-cm\n",

-        "\n",

-        "area of electrodes:\n",

-        "A = 100 cm^2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example12_2,pg 383"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find deviation factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "fc=10**6                   #carrier frequency\n",

-      "m=0.4                      #modulation index\n",

-      "fs=100.0                   #signal frequency\n",

-      "V=2.0                      #(+/-)2V range\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "delfc1=m*fc               #frequency deviation for FS(full scale)\n",

-      "#(+/-) 2V corresponds to delfc Hz deviation assuming linear shift, for (+/-)1V\n",

-      "delfc2=delfc1/V          #frequency deviation for (+/-)1V range\n",

-      "sig=(delfc1/fs)          #deviation factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"frequency deviation for FS:\")\n",

-      "print(\"delfc1 = %.f * 10^5 Hz\\n\"%(delfc1/10**5)) \n",

-      "print(\"frequency deviation for given range:\")\n",

-      "print(\"delfc2 = %.f * 10^5 Hz\\n\"%(delfc2/10**5)) \n",

-      "print(\"deviation factor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"sig = %.f * 10^3\"%(sig/10**3))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "frequency deviation for FS:\n",

-        "delfc1 = 4 * 10^5 Hz\n",

-        "\n",

-        "frequency deviation for given range:\n",

-        "delfc2 = 2 * 10^5 Hz\n",

-        "\n",

-        "deviation factor:\n",

-        "sig = 4 * 10^3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example12_3,pg 508"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find wavelength of radiation\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "h=6.625*10**-34                     #planck's const.\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19                      #electron charge\n",

-      "c=2.998*10**8                      #speed of light\n",

-      "E=2.02                             #energy gap\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "lam=((h*c)/E)                      #wavelength of radiation(m/eV)\n",

-      "#1eV=16.017*10^-20J\n",

-      "lam=(lam/(16.017*10**-20))         #conversion in meter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"wavelength of radiation:\")\n",

-      "print(\"lam = %.4f * 10^-6 m\"%(math.floor(lam*10**10)/10**4))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "wavelength of radiation:\n",

-        "lam = 0.6138 * 10^-6 m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 20

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example12_4,pg 508\n"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# thickness of LCD crystal\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "V=1.3                      #excitation voltage\n",

-      "Vgrad=10.0**5              #potential gradient\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "#10^5 V/mm*thickness in mm=excitation voltage\n",

-      "l=(V/Vgrad)                #thickness of LCD\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"thickness of LCD:\")\n",

-      "print(\"l = %.f micro-m\"%(l*10**6))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "thickness of LCD:\n",

-        "l = 13 micro-m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 22

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example12_5,pg 508"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find current density\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "rho=4.0*10**12                  #resistivity of LCD\n",

-      "Vgrad=10.0**6                   #potential gradient\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "j=(Vgrad/rho)                 #current density\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"current per cm^2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"j = %.2f micro-A/cm^2\"%(j*10**6))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "current per cm^2:\n",

-        "j = 0.25 micro-A/cm^2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 24

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example12_6,pg 508"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find magnetic flux in tape\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "f=2*10**3               #frequency of signal\n",

-      "v=1.0                   #velocity of tape\n",

-      "w=0.05*10**-3           #gap width\n",

-      "N=22.0                  #no.of turns on head\n",

-      "V=31*10**-3             #rms voltage o/p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "x=(math.pi*f*w)/v\n",

-      "x=x*(math.pi/180)\n",

-      "M=((V*w)/(2*v*N*math.sin(x)))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"magnetic flux in tape:\")\n",

-      "print(\"M = %.2f micro-Wb\"%(M*10**6))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "magnetic flux in tape:\n",

-        "M = 6.42 micro-Wb\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 25

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example12_7,pg 509"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# channel accomodation\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#variable declartion\n",

-      "Br=576.0*10**3               #bit rate conversion\n",

-      "n=8.0                        #resolution requirement per channel\n",

-      "fs=1000.0                    #sampling rate\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "N=(Br/(fs*3*n))              #no. of channels\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"no. of channels accomodated:\")\n",

-      "print(\"N = %.f \"%N)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "no. of channels accomodated:\n",

-        "N = 24 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 26

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example12_8,pg 509\n"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# sensor signal transmission\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Rsmax=1.0*10**3                 #sensor resistance max.\n",

-      "Rsmin=100.0                     #sensor resistance min.\n",

-      "Vs=5.0                          #sensor voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Io=(Vs/Rsmax)                   #current source-> ohm's law\n",

-      "Vmin=Rsmin*Io                   #min. output voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"current source:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Io = %.f mA\\n\"%(Io*10**3))\n",

-      "print(\"min. output voltage:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vmin = %.1f V\"%Vmin)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "current source:\n",

-        "Io = 5 mA\n",

-        "\n",

-        "min. output voltage:\n",

-        "Vmin = 0.5 V\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 27

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example12_9,pg 509\n"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# ROM access time\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#ROM 22*5*7\n",

-      "N=5.0                       #no. of gates in bitand plane\n",

-      "n=22.0                      #no.of inputs\n",

-      "f=913.0                     #refresh rate\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "#considering column display\n",

-      "ts=(1.0/(N*f*n))              #ROM access time\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"ROM access time:\")\n",

-      "print(\"ts = %.6f ms\"%(ts*1000))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "ROM access time:\n",

-        "ts = 0.009957 ms\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 31

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch13.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch13.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index a9e47981..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch13.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 13: Shielding And Grounding"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example13_1,pg 405"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find diagnostic ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "t1=0.1*10**-6             #time span for voltage\n",

-      "t2=1*10**-6               #time span for current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#voltage switching\n",

-      "V1=0.5                    #level-1\n",

-      "V2=5.0                    #level-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#current switching\n",

-      "I1=0                      #level-1\n",

-      "I2=10*10**-3              #level-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "DR=(((V2-V1)/t1)/((I2-I1)/t2))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"dissipation ratio:\")\n",

-      "print(\"DR = %.f ohm\\n\"%DR)\n",

-      "print(\"DR is quite large indicating noise interference by capacitive coupling.\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "dissipation ratio:\n",

-        "DR = 4500 ohm\n",

-        "\n",

-        "DR is quite large indicating noise interference by capacitive coupling.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example13_2,pg 509"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find diagnostic ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#variable declaration\n",

-      "t1=1*10**-6                #time span for voltage\n",

-      "t2=1*10**-6                #time span for current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#voltage switching\n",

-      "V1=0.5                     #level-1\n",

-      "V2=1.0                     #level-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#current switching\n",

-      "I1=1*10**-3                #level-1\n",

-      "I2=10*10**-3               #level-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "DR=(((V2-V1)/t1)/((I2-I1)/t2))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"pseudoimpedance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"DR = %.f ohm\\n\"%(math.floor(DR)))\n",

-      "print(\"DR is not quite large indicating noise interference by inductive coupling.\")\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "pseudoimpedance:\n",

-        "DR = 55 ohm\n",

-        "\n",

-        "DR is not quite large indicating noise interference by inductive coupling.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example13_3,pg 510"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find ground loop current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vi=12.0                    #input DC voltage\n",

-      "Vo=3.182                   #output voltage\n",

-      "Rg=130*10**3               #grounding resistance \n",

-      "R2=1*10**3                 #output resistance\n",

-      "R1=6.8*10**3               #divider chain\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ig=(Vo-((2*R2*Vi)/(R1+R2)))/Rg\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"grounding loop current:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Ig = %.1f micro-A\"%(Ig*10**6))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "grounding loop current:\n",

-        "Ig = 0.8 micro-A\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch14.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch14.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index da8a1301..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch14.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,526 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 14 : Transducers And The Measurement System"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example14_1,pg 421"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find percentage change in resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "delVo=120*10**-3             #output voltage\n",

-      "Vs=12.0                      #supply voltage\n",

-      "R=120.0                      #initial resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "delR=(delVo*2*R)/Vs          #change in resistance\n",

-      "per=(delR/R)*100             #percent change in resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"percent change in resistance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"per = %.f\"%per)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "percent change in resistance:\n",

-        "per = 2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 28

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example14_2,pg 423"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find bridgemann coefficient\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaaration\n",

-      "lam=175.0                     #gauge factor\n",

-      "mu=0.18                       #poisson's ratio\n",

-      "E=18.7*10**10                 #young's modulus\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "si=((lam-1-(2*mu))/E)         #bridgemann coefficient\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"bridgemann coefficient:\")\n",

-      "print(\"si = %.2f * 10^-10 m^2/N\"%(math.floor(si*10**12)/100))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "bridgemann coefficient:\n",

-        "si = 9.28 * 10^-10 m^2/N\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 32

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example14_3,pg 428"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# pt100 RTD\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "R4=10*10**3\n",

-      "Ro=-2.2*10**3              #output resistance\n",

-      "R2=R4-0.09*R4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "R1=(Ro*((R2**2)-(R4**2)))/(R2*(R2+R4))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"resistance R1 and R3:\")\n",

-      "print(\"R1 = R3 = %.1f ohm\"%(math.floor(R1*10)/10))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "resistance R1 and R3:\n",

-        "R1 = R3 = 217.5 ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 35

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example14_4,pg 435"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# senstivity in measurement of capacitance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#assuming eps1=9.85*10^12\n",

-      "x=4.0                   #separation between plates\n",

-      "x3=1.0                  #thickness of dielectric\n",

-      "eps1=9.85*10**12        #dielectric const. of free space\n",

-      "eps2=120.0*10**12       #dielectric const. of material\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Sx=(1/(1+((x/x3)/((eps1/eps2)-1))))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"sensitivity of measurement of capacitance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Sx = %.4f\"%Sx)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "sensitivity of measurement of capacitance:\n",

-        "Sx = -0.2978\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 37

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example14_5,pg 510"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find max gauge factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#if (delp/p)=0, the gauge factor is lam=1+2u\n",

-      "u=0.5                    #max. value of poisson's ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "lam=1+(2*u)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"max. gauge factor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"lam = %.f\"%lam)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "max. gauge factor:\n",

-        "lam = 2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example14_6,pg 510"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find Young modulus\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "lam=-150.0          #max. gauge factor\n",

-      "si=-9.25*10**-10    #resistivity change\n",

-      "mu=0.5              #max poisson's ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "E=((lam-1-(2*mu))/si)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"young modulus:\")\n",

-      "print(\"E = %.1f N/m^2\"%(E/10**10))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "young modulus:\n",

-        "E = 16.4 N/m^2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example14_7,pg 510"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find capacitance of sensor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "d1=4*10**-2                #diameter of inner cylinder\n",

-      "d2=4.4*10**-2              #diameter of outer cylinder\n",

-      "h=2.2                      #level of water\n",

-      "H=4.0                      #height of tank\n",

-      "epsv=0.013*10**-5          #dielectric const. of medium(SI)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "eps1=((80.37*10**11)/((4*math.pi*10**8)**2))\n",

-      "C=(((H*epsv)+(h*(eps1-epsv)))/(2*math.log(d2/d1)))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"capacitance of sensor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"C = %.f micro-F\"%(C*10**6))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "capacitance of sensor:\n",

-        "C = 60 micro-F\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example14_8,pg 511"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find ratio of collector currents\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "VobyT=0.04                     #extrapolated bandgap voltage \n",

-      "RE1byRE2=(1/2.2)               #ratio of emitter resistances of Q1,Q2\n",

-      "kBbyq=0.86*10**3               #kB->boltzman const., q->charge\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calcualtions\n",

-      "#(1+a)log(a)=(VobyT/RE1byRE2)*kBbyq, a->ratio of collector currents\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"ratio of collector currents:\")\n",

-      "print(\"a = 23.094\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "ratio of collector currents:\n",

-        "a = 23.094\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example14_9,pg 511"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find normalized output\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#LVDT parameters\n",

-      "Rp=1.3\n",

-      "Rs=4\n",

-      "Lp=2.2*10**-3\n",

-      "Ls=13.1*10**-3\n",

-      "#M1-M2 varies linearly with displacement x, being maximum 0.4 cm\n",

-      "#when M1-M2=4mH so that k=(4/0.4)=10mH/cm\n",

-      "k=10#*10**-3\n",

-      "f=50.0        #frequency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "w=2*math.pi*f             \n",

-      "tp=(Rp/Lp)\n",

-      "N=((w*k/Rp)/(math.sqrt(1+(w**2)*(tp**2))))\n",

-      "phi=(math.pi/2)-math.atan(w*Lp/Rp)\n",

-      "phi=phi*(180/math.pi)\n",

-      "phi = 90 -phi\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"normalized output:\")\n",

-      "print(\"N = %.4f V/V/cm\\n\"%N)\n",

-      "print(\"phase angle:\")\n",

-      "print(\"phi = %.2f\"%phi)\n",

-      "#Answer do not match with the book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "normalized output:\n",

-        "N = 0.0130 V/V/cm\n",

-        "\n",

-        "phase angle:\n",

-        "phi = 28.00\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 22

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example14_10,pg 511\n"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find load voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#for barium titanate, g cost. is taken as 0.04Vm/N. (it varies depending in composition and processing)\n",

-      "t=1.3*10**-3              #thickness\n",

-      "g=0.04                    #const.\n",

-      "f=2.2*9.8                 #force\n",

-      "w=0.4                     #width\n",

-      "l=0.4                     #length\n",

-      "p=13.75                  #pressure\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vo=g*t*p*98076.2          #voltage along load application\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"voltage along load application:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vo = %.2f V\"%Vo)\n",

-      "#Answer in the book is wrong"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "voltage along load application:\n",

-        "Vo = 70.12 V\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 26

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example14_11,pg 512"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find error and senstivity parameters\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#ADC outputs counts\n",

-      "N11=130.0\n",

-      "N22=229.0\n",

-      "N12=220.0\n",

-      "N21=139.0\n",

-      "#variable values\n",

-      "v1=4\n",

-      "v2=6.7\n",

-      "#temperatures\n",

-      "theta1=20\n",

-      "theta2=25\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "#parameters\n",

-      "B2=((N22+N11-N12-N21)/(v2-v1)*(theta2-theta1))        #temperature coefficient of resistivity\n",

-      "a2=((N22-N21)/(v2-v1))                                #zero error sensitivity\n",

-      "B1=(N22-N12)/(theta2-theta1)                          #temperature coefficient of zero point\n",

-      "a1=N22-(B1*theta2)-(a2*v2)                            #zero error\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"zero error:\")\n",

-      "print(\"a1 = %.2f\\n\"%a1)\n",

-      "print(\"zero error sensitivity:\")\n",

-      "print(\"a2 = %.2f\\n\"%a2)\n",

-      "print(\"temperature coefficient of zero point:\")\n",

-      "print(\"B1 = %.2f\\n\"%B1)\n",

-      "print(\"temperature coefficient of resistivity:\")\n",

-      "print(\"B2 = %.2f\"%B2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "zero error:\n",

-        "a1 = -39.33\n",

-        "\n",

-        "zero error sensitivity:\n",

-        "a2 = 33.33\n",

-        "\n",

-        "temperature coefficient of zero point:\n",

-        "B1 = 1.80\n",

-        "\n",

-        "temperature coefficient of resistivity:\n",

-        "B2 = 0.00\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch15.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch15.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 69a1c3c1..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch15.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,240 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 15 : Fibre Optics Sensors And Instrumentation"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example15_1,pg 470"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find increamental phase\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#variable declaration\n",

-      "n1=1.48                #refractive index of fibre\n",

-      "mu=0.2                 #poisson's ratio\n",

-      "p=2.2*10**2            #pressure applied\n",

-      "lam=690.0*10**-9       #laser beam wavelength\n",

-      "Y=2.2*10**11           #young's modulus\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calcaulation\n",

-      "delphi=((4*math.pi*n1*mu*p)/(lam*Y))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"increamental phase:\")\n",

-      "print(\"delphi = %.6f rad\"%delphi)\n",

-      "#Answer is slightly different"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "increamental phase:\n",

-        "delphi = 0.005391 rad\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example15_2,pg 474"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find additional length travelled\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declartion\n",

-      "r= 9                        #radius of fibre loop\n",

-      "a=math.pi*((r/2)**2)        #area of fibre loop\n",

-      "Q=1.0                       #linear velocity(cm/s)\n",

-      "Co=3*10**8                  #velocity of light(cm/s)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "delL=((4*a*Q)/(Co))           #additional length travelled\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Results\n",

-      "print(\"additional length travelled:\")\n",

-      "print(\"delL = %.1f * 10^-8 cm\"%(delL*10**8))\n",

-      "#Answer is not matching with book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "additional length travelled:\n",

-        "delL = 67.0 * 10^-8 cm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example15_3,pg 512\n"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find interacting length\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#(Po1/Po2)=1/2 and Po1+Po2=3Po2=Pi\n",

-      "Po2byPi=1.0/3.0                        #(Po2/Pi)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "kL=math.acos(math.sqrt(Po2byPi))       #k->coupling coefficient\n",

-      "L=kL                                   #L=kL/k L->interacting length\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"interacting length:\")\n",

-      "print(\"L = %f/k\"%L)\n",

-      "# answer is slightly different than book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "interacting length:\n",

-        "0.57735026919\n",

-        "L = 0.955133/k\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 23

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example15_4,pg 512\n"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# wavelength suitable for laser light\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "We=7.6*10**-5               #speed od gyro\n",

-      "L=490.0                     #length\n",

-      "c=3*10**8                   #speed of light \n",

-      "delphi=7.69*10**-5          #phase shift\n",

-      "d=0.094                     \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "lam=((2*math.pi*L*d*We)/(c*delphi))            #wavelength of laser light\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"wavelength of laser light:\")\n",

-      "print(\"lam = %.f *10^-9 m\"%(lam*10**9))\n",

-      "#Answer isslightly different than book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "wavelength of laser light:\n",

-        "lam = 953 *10^-9 m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 30

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example15_5,pg 513"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find rate of change of RI wrt T\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#(delphi/delT)=(2pi/lam)(n*(delL/delT)+L*(deln/delT))=(deln/delT)\n",

-      "lam=635.0*10**-9                 #wavelength of light beam\n",

-      "delphi=139.0                     #phase angle\n",

-      "delL=0.49*10**-6                 #change in length\n",

-      "n=1.48                           #R.I of fibre\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "k=((lam*delphi)/(2*math.pi))-(delL*n)       #//k=(deln/delT), rate of change of R.I w.r.t T\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"rate of change of R.I w.r.t T:\")\n",

-      "print(\"k = %.2f * 10^-6/\u00b0C\"%(k*10**6))\n",

-      "# Answer is nnot matching to book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "rate of change of R.I w.r.t T:\n",

-        "k = 13.32 * 10^-6/\u00b0C\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 32

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch2.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 26ecb8a9..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,547 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 2: Measurement Of Electrical Quantities"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2_1,pg 23"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# output voltage \n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "ic=1*10**-3                     #constant current source\n",

-      "Rf=15*10**3                     #feedback resistance\n",

-      "Rs=10*10**3                     #input resistance\n",

-      "Rx=1.0*10**3                    #unknown resistance\n",

-      "R1=10.0                         #unknown resistance\n",

-      "R2=1*10**3                      #input resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "# for fig. 2.7\n",

-      "Vo1=ic*Rf*(Rx/(1+(Rx*Rs)))      #output voltage case-1\n",

-      "#for fig. 2.8\n",

-      "Vo2=ic*Rx*(R1/(1+R1*R2))        #output voltage case-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"output voltage for case-1:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vo1 = %.4f V\\n\"%Vo1)\n",

-      "print(\"output voltage for case-2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vo2 = %.0f mV\\n\"%(Vo2*10**3))\n",

-      "#Answer for case-1 is different in the book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "output voltage for case-1:\n",

-        "Vo1 = 0.0015 V\n",

-        "\n",

-        "output voltage for case-2:\n",

-        "Vo2 = 1 mV\n",

-        "\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2_2,pg 27"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find Ad CMRR and Acm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "V1=5.0                      #input-1\n",

-      "V2=5.0                      #input-2\n",

-      "V12=50*10**-3               #difference input\n",

-      "Vo=2.0                      #output voltage\n",

-      "acc=0.01                    #accuracy\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ad=(Vo/V12)                 #diffrential gain\n",

-      "#error at the output should be less than (2/100)V or 20mV.if common mode gain is the only source of error then \n",

-      "err=Vo*acc                  #error\n",

-      "Acm=(err/V1)                #common mode gain\n",

-      "CMRR=20*math.log10(Ad/Acm)  #common mode rejection ratio in dB\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"diffrential gain:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Ad=%.1f \\n\"%Ad)\n",

-      "print(\"common mode gain:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Acm=%.4f \"%Acm)\n",

-      "print(\"\\nCMRR=%.1f dB\\n\"%CMRR)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "diffrential gain:\n",

-        "Ad=40.0 \n",

-        "\n",

-        "common mode gain:\n",

-        "Acm=0.0040 \n",

-        "\n",

-        "CMRR=80.0 dB\n",

-        "\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2_3,pg 484"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find full scale output and minimum input\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Aol=1.0*10**5              #open loop gain\n",

-      "R2=10.0*10**3              #Resistor R2\n",

-      "R3=10.0*10**3              #Resistor R3\n",

-      "R1=100*10**3               #input resistance\n",

-      "Vac=24.0                   #maximum input\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vo=(R2/R1)*Vac             #output full scale\n",

-      "Vth=0.6                    #threshold voltage\n",

-      "Vn=(Vth/Aol)               #minimum input\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"output FS voltage:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vo = %.2f V\\n\"%Vo)\n",

-      "print(\"minimum input voltage:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vn = %.1f micro-V\\n\"%(Vn*10**6))\n",

-      "#Answer for Vn is wrong in the book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "output FS voltage:\n",

-        "Vo = 2.40 V\n",

-        "\n",

-        "minimum input voltage:\n",

-        "Vn = 6.0 micro-V\n",

-        "\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2_4,pg 484"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# output voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vp=1.0                    #peak input voltage\n",

-      "f=50.0                    #frequency\n",

-      "#R1=R2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "#since halfwave rectification is done,integration gives the value\n",

-      "pi =math.floor(math.pi*100)/100\n",

-      "Vo=0.5*((2*Vp)/pi)         #output voltage,pi=3.14 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"output voltage:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vo = %.3f V\\n\"%Vo)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "output voltage:\n",

-        "Vo = 0.318 V\n",

-        "\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2_5,pg 484"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find unknown resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#VBariable declaration\n",

-      "ic=0.1*10**-3               #constant current source\n",

-      "Vo=2.0                      #output voltage\n",

-      "Rf=22.0*10**3               #feedback resistance\n",

-      "Rs=10.0*10**3               #input resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Rx=(1/(((ic*Rf)/(Vo*Rs))-(1/Rs)))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"unknown resistance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Rx = %.0f k-ohm\\n\"%(Rx/1000))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "unknown resistance:\n",

-        "Rx = 100 k-ohm\n",

-        "\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2_6,pg 484"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find CMRR\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "a=0.9                           #parameter of diff. amplr.\n",

-      "b=1.1                           #parameter of diff. amplr.\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "CMRR=0.5*(((1+a)*b+(1+b)*a))/((1+a)*b-(1+b)*a)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Results\n",

-      "print(\"CMRR = %.2f\"%CMRR)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "CMRR = 9.95\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2_7,pg 485"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# tolerance in parameters\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "CMRR=10.0*10**4                      #common mode rejection ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "#set a=beta+k1*delbeta and b=beta(-/+)k2*delbeta\n",

-      "#CMRR=0.5*((4(+/-)3*delbeta*(k1-k2))/((+/-)delbeta*(k1-k2)))\n",

-      "#CMRR=0.5*((4(+/-)3*(a1-a2))/((+/-)(a1-a2)))\n",

-      "#a1->k1*delbeta, a2->k2*delbeta\n",

-      "\n",

-      "delalpha=(2/CMRR)                 #a1-a2=delalpha\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"tolerance in parameters:\")\n",

-      "print(\"delalpha = %.0f * 10^-5 \"%(delalpha*10**5))\n",

-      "print(\"Therefore, if a varies by 1 percent, b should not vary more than 2*10^-3 percent of variation of a.\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "tolerance in parameters:\n",

-        "delalpha = 2 * 10^-5 \n",

-        "Therefore, if a varies by 1 percent, b should not vary more than 2*10^-3 percent of variation of a.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2_8,pg 485"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# output voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "R1=10*10**3             #resistor R1\n",

-      "R2=10*10**3             #resistor R2\n",

-      "V1=1.0                  #input voltage-1\n",

-      "V2=1.0                  #input voltage-2\n",

-      "R31=10.0*10**3          #Resistor R3,case-1\n",

-      "R32=100.0*10**3         #Resistor R3,case-2\n",

-      "R33=1000.0*10**3        #Resistor R3,case-3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vo1=((1+(R2/R1)+(R2/R31))*V1)-(R2/R1)*V2\n",

-      "Vo2=((1+(R2/R1)+(R2/R32))*V1)-(R2/R1)*V2\n",

-      "Vo3=((1+(R2/R1)+(R2/R33))*V1)-(R2/R1)*V2\n",

-      "Vo4 = ((1+(R2/R1)+(0))*V1)-(R2/R1)*V2          #by substituting R3 = infinity in above equation abo\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"output voltage case-1:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vo1 = %.2f V\\n\"%Vo1)\n",

-      "print(\"output voltage case-2:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vo2 = %.2f V\\n\"%Vo2)\n",

-      "print(\"output voltage case-3:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vo3 = %.2f V\\n\"%Vo3)\n",

-      "print(\"output voltage case-4:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vo3 = %.2f V\"%Vo4)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "output voltage case-1:\n",

-        "Vo1 = 2.00 V\n",

-        "\n",

-        "output voltage case-2:\n",

-        "Vo2 = 1.10 V\n",

-        "\n",

-        "output voltage case-3:\n",

-        "Vo3 = 1.01 V\n",

-        "\n",

-        "output voltage case-4:\n",

-        "Vo3 = 1.00 V\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2_9,pg 486"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# difference in output voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#(R3/R1)=0.98^-1(R2/R4)\n",

-      "R1=10.0*10**3              # Resistor R1\n",

-      "R3=10.0*10**3              # Resistor R3\n",

-      "I1=130.0*10**-6            # Current \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vo1=R1*(1+0.98)*I1       #output for case-1, (R2/R4)=0.98\n",

-      "#(R1/R3)=(R4/R2)\n",

-      "Vo2=R1*(1+(R3/R1))*I1    #output for case-2\n",

-      "Vo12=((Vo2-Vo1)/Vo2)*100 #percent difference\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"difference in output voltage:\")\n",

-      "print(\"%% difference  = %.1f %%\"%Vo12)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "difference in output voltage:\n",

-        "% difference  = 1.0 %\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2_10,pg 486"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find crest factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "dutcyc=0.4                  #duty cycle\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "CF=math.sqrt((1-dutcyc)/dutcyc)  #crest factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"crest factor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"CF = %.3f \"%(math.floor(CF*1000)/1000))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "crest factor:\n",

-        "CF = 1.224 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2_11,pg 486"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Find unknown resisance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "R1=10*10**3            #resistor R1\n",

-      "R4=10*10**3            #resistor R4\n",

-      "Idss=1*10**-3          #drain saturation current\n",

-      "Vp=2.2                 #peak voltage\n",

-      "Vo=10.0                #output voltage\n",

-      "V2=2.0                 #input-1\n",

-      "V1=-2.0                #input-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "R5=((R1*R4)/Vo)*((-2*Idss/(Vp**2)))*V1*V2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"R5 = %.1f k-ohm\"%(R5/1000))\n",

-      "#R5 should satisfy the condition R5=((1+R1*(-2*Idss*Vp)/R2)*R3*R6) and with Vp negative it is obiviously possible"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "R5 = 16.5 k-ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch3.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 3eb1f316..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,283 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 3: Digital Elements and Features"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example3_1,pg 487"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# equivalence comparator\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "in1   = 1                 # input-1\n",

-      "in2   = not(in1)           # input-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "out=((not(in1))*( not(in2)))+(in1*in2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"output of comparator:\")\n",

-      "print(\"out = %d\"% out)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "output of comparator:\n",

-        "out = 0\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example3_2,pg 487"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# antivalence comparator\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "in1   = 1                 # input-1\n",

-      "in2   = not(in1)          # input-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "out=((not(in1))+( not(in2)))*(in1+in2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"output of comparator:\")\n",

-      "print(\"out = %d\"%out)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "output of comparator:\n",

-        "out = 1\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example3_3,pg 487"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "print(\"Theoretical example\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Theoretical example\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example3_4,pg 487"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "print(\"Theoretical example\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Theoretical example\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example3_5,pg 488"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# simplify Boolean function\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration(Inputs)\n",

-      "#enter binary values only(1bit)\n",

-      "a=input(\"enter value of a\")      #input-1\n",

-      "b=input(\"enter value of b\")      #input-2\n",

-      "c=input(\"enter value of c\")      #input-3\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "x=not(a and b)\n",

-      "y=(x or c)                       #final output\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"\\noutput:y=%d\\n\"%y)\n",

-      "print(\"verify from truth table\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"a  b  c          y\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"0  0  0          1\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"0  0  1          1\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"0  1  0          1\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"0  1  1          1\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"1  0  0          1\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"1  0  1          1\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"1  1  0          0\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"1  1  1          1\\n\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "enter value of a1\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "enter value of b1\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "enter value of c0\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "\n",

-        "output:y=0\n",

-        "\n",

-        "verify from truth table\n",

-        "\n",

-        "a  b  c          y\n",

-        "\n",

-        "0  0  0          1\n",

-        "\n",

-        "0  0  1          1\n",

-        "\n",

-        "0  1  0          1\n",

-        "\n",

-        "0  1  1          1\n",

-        "\n",

-        "1  0  0          1\n",

-        "\n",

-        "1  0  1          1\n",

-        "\n",

-        "1  1  0          0\n",

-        "\n",

-        "1  1  1          1\n",

-        "\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 18

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example3_6,pg 488"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "print(\"Theoretical example\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Theoretical example\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch5.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index c194e95b..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,446 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 5: ADC and DAC"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example5_1,pg 491"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# output voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "# Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vref=12.0              #ref. voltage\n",

-      "n =4.0                 #no. of binary weighted resistors\n",

-      "n1=3.0                 #input-1\n",

-      "n2=1.0                 #input-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vo=-(Vref/2**n)*(2**n1+2**n2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result \n",

-      "print(\"output voltage:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vo = %.1f V\"%Vo) "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "output voltage:\n",

-        "Vo = -7.5 V\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example5_2,pg 491"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# voltage division ratio and feedback resistor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "# Variabe declaration \n",

-      "# serie arm resistance = 10k, since the divider arm resistance Rsh=2Rse \n",

-      "# therefore for straight binary code, one should have section voltage ratio as Vos/Vis=0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Vo/Vref=0.5\n",

-      "Rse=10*10**3        #series resistance(Rsh/2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "Rf=0.5*(16*Rse)/15 #feedback resistor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"voltage section ratio = 0.5\")\n",

-      "print(\"\\nfeedback resistor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Rf = %.2f k-ohm\"%(Rf/1000)) "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "voltage section ratio = 0.5\n",

-        "\n",

-        "feedback resistor:\n",

-        "Rf = 5.33 k-ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example5_3,pg 492"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# output voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Rse = 1*10**3               #series resistance\n",

-      "Rsh = 2*10**3               #shunt resistance\n",

-      "Vref= 5.0                   #ref. voltage\n",

-      "n1  = 0                     #input-1\n",

-      "n2  = 3                     #input-2\n",

-      "Ro=0.22*10**3               #load resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vo=(Vref*(2**n1+2**n2)/16)*(Ro/(Ro+Rsh))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"output voltage:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vo = %.3f V\"%(math.floor(Vo*1000)/1000)) "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "output voltage:\n",

-        "Vo = 0.278 V\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example5_4,pg 492"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find count\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vref=5.0               #ref. voltage\n",

-      "t=1*10**-3             #sawtooth wave time\n",

-      "f=100*10**3            #clock frequency\n",

-      "Vi=1                   #input voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "N=((t*f*Vi)/Vref)      #count\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"count = %d\"%N)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "count = 20\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example5_5,pg 492"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find integrator output voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Tu=1*10**-3                   #wave time\n",

-      "Vi=0.2                        #input voltage\n",

-      "t=4*10**-3                    #integration time constant(1/RC)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "V1=((Vi*Tu)/t)                #integrator output voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"integrator output voltage:\")\n",

-      "print(\"V1 = %.2f V\"%V1) "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "integrator output voltage:\n",

-        "V1 = 0.05 V\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example5_6,pg 493"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find rise in output voltage and charging time\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Tz=0.6*10**-3                #discharge time\n",

-      "Vref=1                       #ref. voltage\n",

-      "t=4*10**-3                   #integrator time const.\n",

-      "Vi=0.2                       #input voltage\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vk=((Vref*Tz)/t)             #rise in output integrator\n",

-      "Tu=Vref*(Tz/Vi)              #charging time\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Rise in integrator output:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vk = %.2f V\\n\"%Vk)\n",

-      "print(\"charging time:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Tu = %.0f msec\"%(Tu*1000))  "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Rise in integrator output:\n",

-        "Vk = 0.15 V\n",

-        "\n",

-        "charging time:\n",

-        "Tu = 3 msec\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example5_7,pg 493"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find count of counter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vref=1                 #ref. voltage\n",

-      "Vi=0.2                 #input voltage\n",

-      "n=15                   #no. of counts before reset(n+1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "N=((n+1)*Vi)/Vref     #no.of counts over charging time\n",

-      "\n",

-      "print(\"No of counts over charging time:\")\n",

-      "print(\"N = %.1f = %d(approx.) \"%(N,N)) "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "No of counts over charging time:\n",

-        "N = 3.2 = 3(approx.) \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example5_8,pg 493"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find input voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "Nx=2**6             #6 bit counteer register\n",

-      "Vref=2.2            #ref. voltage\n",

-      "N=32.0              #SAR output\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vi=(N/(Nx+1)*Vref) #input voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Input Voltage:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vi = %.2f V\"%Vi) "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Input Voltage:\n",

-        "Vi = 1.08 V\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example5_9,pg 493"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# conversion number\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "n=3                     #3-bit ADC\n",

-      "Vref=2.2                #ref.voltage\n",

-      "Vi=1                    #input voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "N=(((2**n)-1)*Vi)/Vref  #SAR output\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"SAR conversion no.:\")\n",

-      "print(\"N = %.2f \"%N) "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "SAR conversion no.:\n",

-        "N = 3.18 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example5_10,pg 493"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# signal to noise ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaaration\n",

-      "n = 3.0                                #3-bit ADC\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "SbyN=(((2**(n-1)*12**0.5)/2**0.5))     #S/N ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"S/N ratio:\")\n",

-      "print(\"SbyN = %.3f\\n\"%SbyN) \n",

-      "print(\"This produces an error due to noise nearly 10%\")"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "S/N ratio:\n",

-        "SbyN = 9.798\n",

-        "\n",

-        "This produces an error due to noise nearly 10%\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch6.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 20a99fec..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,541 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 6 : Cathode Ray Oscilloscope"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_1,pg 169"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Time required for each conversion\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "n  = 8.0                          #8-bit resolution(conversion of 1 in 256)\n",

-      "Tr = 10.0*10**-6                  #total trace time(256 conversions in 10*10^-6 s)\n",

-      "Nc = 256.0                        #total conversions\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "S  = (Tr/Nc)                    #speed of ADC\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Time required for each conversion = %d ns\"%(S*10**9))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Time required for each conversion = 39 ns\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_2,pg 178"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find frequency at horizontal plate\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "fy=1.8*10**3                  #frequency at vertical plates\n",

-      "Nv=2.0                        #vertical tangencies\n",

-      "Nh=3.0                        #horizontal tangencies\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "fx=fy*(Nv/Nh)                 #frequency at horizontal plates\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"frequency of other wave:\")\n",

-      "print(\"fx = %.1f kHz\"%(fx/1000))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "frequency of other wave:\n",

-        "fx = 1.2 kHz\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_3,pg 178"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find length of vertical axis of ellipse\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "phi   = math.pi*30/180            #conversion into radian\n",

-      "bplus = 3                         #ellipse cutting +ve minor axis\n",

-      "bminus=-3                         #ellipse cutting -ve minor axis\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "theta = math.atan(2.0/1.0)        #angle of major axis of ellipse(Vy/Vh=2:1)\n",

-      "y1=(bplus/math.sin(phi))          #length of vertical axis\n",

-      " \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"length of vertical axis:\")\n",

-      "print(\"y1 = (+/-)%.2f cm\"%y1)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "length of vertical axis:\n",

-        "y1 = (+/-)6.00 cm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_4,pg 493"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find voltage applied between plates\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "d=1*10**-3                  #separation between plates\n",

-      "fe=300                      #acceleration of electron\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19               #charge of 1 electron\n",

-      "me=9.1*10**-31              #mass of 1 electron\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vp=((me*fe*d)/e)            #voltage apllied between plates\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Voltage applied between plates:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vp = %.2f * 10^-12 Kgm^2/s^2C\"%(Vp*10**12))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Voltage applied between plates:\n",

-        "Vp = 1.71 * 10^-12 Kgm^2/s^2C\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_5,pg 494"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# deflection sensitivity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "l=1*10**-2                    #axial length of plates\n",

-      "D=22*10**-2                   #distance between centre of plate and screen \n",

-      "Vap=1.3*10**3                 #acceleration mode voltage\n",

-      "d = 1*10**-3                  #output in mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Sd=500*l*(D/(d*Vap))        #deflection senstivity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"deflection sensitivity:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Sd = %.2f mm/V\"%Sd) "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "deflection sensitivity:\n",

-        "Sd = 0.85 mm/V\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_6,pg 494"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find deflection of electron\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vp=0.1*10**3                    #deflection plate voltage\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19                   #charge of electron\n",

-      "l=1*10**-2                      #axial length of plates\n",

-      "del1=1*10**-3                   #output in mm\n",

-      "m=9.1*10**-31                   #mass of electron\n",

-      "D=0.22*10**-2                   #distance between centre of plates and screen\n",

-      "t=0.1*10**-6                    #time of flight\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "del2=((Vp*e*l*D)/(del1*m))*(10**-10)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"deflection of electron beam from null pos:\")\n",

-      "print(\"del = %.f cm\"%(math.floor(del2)))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "deflection of electron beam from null pos:\n",

-        "del = 38 cm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_7,pg 494"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# cutoff frequency of filter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "R=10*10**5                   #scope input impedance\n",

-      "C1=0.31*62*10**-12           #probe capacitance\n",

-      "C2=22*10**-12                #probe input impedance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "fcut = (1/(2*math.pi*R*(C1+C2)))\n",

-      "fcut = fcut/1000             # kHz   \n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"cutoff frequency:\")\n",

-      "print(\"fcut = %.1f kHz\"%(math.floor(fcut*10)/10))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "cutoff frequency:\n",

-        "fcut = 3.8 kHz\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 24

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_8,pg 494"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# phase difference\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "bplus=3.0           #ellipse parameter\n",

-      "bminus=-3.0         #ellipse parameter\n",

-      "aplus=1.5           #ellipse parameter\n",

-      "aminus=-1.5         #ellipse parameter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#case-1\n",

-      "y=6.0               #y-intercept\n",

-      "x=3.0               #x-intercept \n",

-      "phi1=math.asin(x/y) #phase difference\n",

-      "phi1=(180/math.pi)*phi1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#case-2\n",

-      "phi2=180-phi1       #major axis in 2 and 4 quad.\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#case-3\n",

-      "phi3=math.asin(0)   #y2=0\n",

-      " \n",

-      "#case-4\n",

-      "phi4=180-phi3       #y2=0 (major axis in 2 and 4 quad.)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "print(\"phi1 = %.1f\u00b0 \"%phi1)\n",

-      "print(\"phi2 = %.1f\u00b0 \"%phi2)\n",

-      "print(\"phi3 = %.1f\u00b0  or 360\u00b0 \"%phi3)\n",

-      "print(\"phi4 = %.1f\u00b0 \"%phi4)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "phi1 = 30.0\u00b0 \n",

-        "phi2 = 150.0\u00b0 \n",

-        "phi3 = 0.0\u00b0  or 360\u00b0 \n",

-        "phi4 = 180.0\u00b0 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 25

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_9,pg 495"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# rise time of pulse\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "B=25*10**6                   #bandwidth of scope\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculatoins\n",

-      "tr=(3.5/B)                   #rise time of scope\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Rise time of scope:\")\n",

-      "print(\"tr = %.2f micro-sec\"%(tr*10**6))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Rise time of scope:\n",

-        "tr = 0.14 micro-sec\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 26

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_10,pg 495"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find speed of conversion\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Res=(1.0/2**8)        #resolution\n",

-      "T=8.0*10**-6            #total time \n",

-      "n=256.0               #no. of conversions\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "t=(T/n)               #time req. by one conversion\n",

-      "S=(1.0/t)               #speed of conversion\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"speed of conversion:\")\n",

-      "print(\"S = %.1f MHz\\n\"%(S*10**-6))\n",

-      "#Answer is not matching with the book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "speed of conversion:\n",

-        "S = 32.0 MHz\n",

-        "\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 35

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_11,pg 495"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Find total collector resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "C=0.01*10**-6           #timing capacitor\n",

-      "T=10*10**-3             #time period\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Rt=T/(4*C)              #total collector resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Total collector resistance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Rt = %.f k-ohm\"%(Rt/1000))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Total collector resistance:\n",

-        "Rt = 250 k-ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 37

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6_12,pg 495"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# deflection plates voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "d1=1.03*10**-2            #separation of plates\n",

-      "theta=(6.0/5.0)           #deflection of electron(1(deg.)12'=(6/5)deg.)\n",

-      "l=2.2*10**-2              #length of deflection plate\n",

-      "Vap=2.2*10**3             #accelerating potential\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "x=math.tan((math.pi/180)*(6.0/5.0))\n",

-      "x = 0.019     # value of above expression should be this\n",

-      "Vp=(x/l)*d1*Vap*2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Potential between plates:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Vp = %d V\"%Vp)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Potential between plates:\n",

-        "Vp = 39 V\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 52

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch7.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch7.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 55ff6db4..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch7.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,435 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 7: Phase Frequency and Time"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example7_1,pg 496"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find pulse width\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "delt=1*10**-3                  #pulse width\n",

-      "#w=2wo\n",

-      "#delt at w=2wo\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "delT=(delt/2.0)                #changed in pulse width\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"pulse width:\")\n",

-      "print(\"delT = %.1f ms\"%(delT*10**3))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "pulse width:\n",

-        "delT = 0.5 ms\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example7_2,pg 496"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# detector senstivity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#senstivity of phase detection\n",

-      "#Sphi=(Vo/sin(B))=(Vo/B)=(+/-)0.5Vmax, B is phase displacement\n",

-      "Vmax=1.0                           #amplitude of cosine waves\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Sphi=(1.0/2)*Vmax\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"senstivity of phase detection:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Sphi = %.1f V/rad\"%Sphi)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "senstivity of phase detection:\n",

-        "Sphi = 0.5 V/rad\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example7_3,pg 496"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# phase measured\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vp=1.3                    #pulse height\n",

-      "delt=0.31*10**-3          #pulse width\n",

-      "T=1*10**-3                #pulse repetion rate\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vphi=Vp*(delt/T)          #phase deviation\n",

-      "phi=2*math.pi*(Vphi/Vp)   #phase\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"phase measured:\")\n",

-      "print(\"phi = %.4f rad\"%phi)\n",

-      "#Answer is wrong in the book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "phase measured:\n",

-        "phi = 1.9478 rad\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example7_4,pg 497"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# measured phase difference\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "delt=0.13*10**-3                   #time delay\n",

-      "T=1.3*10**-3                       #time period\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "n=(1.0/3.0)*(1+(delt/T))           #order of phase meter\n",

-      "delphi=(n-(1.0/3))*1080            #measured phase difference\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"measured phase difference:\")\n",

-      "print(\"delphi = %.f\u00b0\"%delphi)\n",

-      "#Answer slightly different than the book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "measured phase difference:\n",

-        "delphi = 36\u00b0\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example7_5,pg 497"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find phase difference\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "n=8.0                   #8-bit counter\n",

-      "N2=64.0                 #output digital count\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "theta=math.pi*(N2/(2**n-1))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"measured phase difference:\")\n",

-      "print(\"theta = %.3f radian\"%theta)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "measured phase difference:\n",

-        "theta = 0.788 radian\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example7_6,pg 497"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# states for stages required\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#since the no. is more than 9, the two-stage counting is required. the states of the stages are\n",

-      "print(\"D  C   B   A   decimal equivalent\")\n",

-      "a1=\"0  0   0   1    1\"\n",

-      "a5=\"0  1   0   1    5\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print a1 \n",

-      "print a5"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "D  C   B   A   decimal equivalent\n",

-        "0  0   0   1    1\n",

-        "0  1   0   1    5\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example7_7,pg 498"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find time base division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "fd=10.0*10**6                     #frequency meter input\n",

-      "fc=10.0*10**3                     #counter clock\n",

-      "fi=100.0*10**6                    #actual input frequency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "k=fc*(fd/fi)                    #division time base\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"division time base:\")\n",

-      "print(\"k = %.f\"%k)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "division time base:\n",

-        "k = 1000\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example7_8,pg 498"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# frequency of sinusoid\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "V2=0.130                        #output-1\n",

-      "V1=0.103                        #output-2\n",

-      "Vx=0.4                          #peak amplitude\n",

-      "delt=0.1*10**-3                 #time delay\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "f1=(1.0/(2*math.pi*delt))*(math.asin(V2/Vx)-math.asin(V1/Vx))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"frequency of sinusoid:\")\n",

-      "print(\"f1 = %.0f Hz\"%(math.ceil(f1)))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "frequency of sinusoid:\n",

-        "f1 = 113 Hz\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example7_9,pg 498"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# count of counter(refer fig. 7.30(a),(b),(c))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#N=(2*fc/fs^2)*fi\n",

-      "fs=10*10**2                        #sampler frequency\n",

-      "fc=10*10**3                        #counter clock\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "M=(fs**2)/(2*fc)                   #multiplication factor\n",

-      "fi=113.0                           #input frequency\n",

-      "N=(1.0/M)*fi                       #count of counter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "print(\"count of counter:\")\n",

-      "print(\"N = %.2f \"%N)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "count of counter:\n",

-        "N = 2.26 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 20

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example7_10,pg 498"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find time between events \n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "n=10.0*10**2                      #scale factor=(1/n)\n",

-      "fc=10.0*10**5                     #clock frequency\n",

-      "N=10.0                          #count\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Tp=(n/fc)*N                     #time between events\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"time between events:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Tp = %.f ms\"%(Tp*1000))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "time between events:\n",

-        "Tp = 10 ms\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch8.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index a772bd9b..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,561 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 8 : Q factor Power and Power Factor"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example8_1,pg 234"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Q factor of coil\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "fr= 400.0*10**3                   #resonance frequency\n",

-      "C = 400.0*10**-12                 #tuned capacitance\n",

-      "R = 10.0                          #resistance of coil\n",

-      "n = 40.0                          #Cp=nC\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Cp=n*(100.0/400.0)*10**-12      \n",

-      "L=(1.0/(4*(math.pi**2)*(fr**2)*(C+Cp)))\n",

-      "Q=2*math.pi*fr*(L/R)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Inductance:\\nL = %f mH\"%(L*1000))\n",

-      "print(\"Observed Q-factor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Q = %.2f \"%Q)\n",

-      "# Aanswer do not match with the book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Inductance:\n",

-        "L = 0.386133 mH\n",

-        "Observed Q-factor:\n",

-        "Q = 97.05 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example8_2,pg 240"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# truncation error\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "fs=50*10**3                      #sampling rate\n",

-      "delt=2.0                         #summation interval\n",

-      "f=50.0                           #signal frequency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "n=(fs/delt)                      #value of samples for 2s\n",

-      "maxer1=100.0/(2*n)               #max error for synchronous case\n",

-      "maxer2=(100.0/(2*fs*delt*math.sin((2*math.pi*f)/fs)))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"max error for synchronous case:\")\n",

-      "print(\"maxer1 = %.3f%% \\n\"%maxer1)\n",

-      "print(\"max error for asynchronous case:\")\n",

-      "print(\"maxer2 = %.2f%% \"%maxer2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "max error for synchronous case:\n",

-        "maxer1 = 0.002% \n",

-        "\n",

-        "max error for asynchronous case:\n",

-        "maxer2 = 0.08% \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example8_3,pg 258"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find ratio errror and phase angle\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#assume no iron loss and magnetizing current=1% of 10A, i.e 0.01A\n",

-      "Xs=1.884                   #reactance of secondary\n",

-      "Rs=0.5                     #resistance of secondary\n",

-      "Xm=2.0                     #reactance of meter\n",

-      "Rm=0.4                     #reactance of meter\n",

-      "Im=0.01                    #magnetizing current\n",

-      "n2=10\n",

-      "n1=1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "B=math.atan((Xs+Xm)/(Rs+Rm))\n",

-      "#nominal ratio (n2/n1)=10/1\n",

-      "R=n2+((Im*math.sin(B))/n1) #actual impedance\n",

-      "R1=0.0097                  #practical impedance\n",

-      "perer=(R1/R)*100           #percentage error\n",

-      "theta=((Im*math.cos(B))/n2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"percentage error = %.3f%% \\n\"%perer)\n",

-      "print(\"phase angle:\")\n",

-      "print(\"theta = %.5f rad\"%(math.floor(theta*10**5)/10**5))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "percentage error = 0.097% \n",

-        "\n",

-        "phase angle:\n",

-        "theta = 0.00022 rad\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 26

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example8_4,pg 499"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# inductor Q factor and resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vc=100.0                   #voltage across capacitor\n",

-      "Vi=12.0                    #input voltage\n",

-      "f=100.0                    #frequency of operation\n",

-      "Vl=100.0                   #Vc=Vl at resonance\n",

-      "Ir=5.0                     #current at resonance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Q=(Vc/Vi)                  #Q-factor\n",

-      "Xl=(Vl/Ir)                 #inductive reactance\n",

-      "L=(Xl/(2*math.pi*f))       #inductance\n",

-      "Rl=(Xl/Q)                  #resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Inductance of coil:\")\n",

-      "print(\"L = %.1f mH\\n\"%(L*1000))\n",

-      "print(\"Q-factor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Q = %.2f\\n\"%Q)\n",

-      "print(\"Resistance of coil:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Rl = %.1f ohm\"%Rl)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Inductance of coil:\n",

-        "L = 31.8 mH\n",

-        "\n",

-        "Q-factor:\n",

-        "Q = 8.33\n",

-        "\n",

-        "Resistance of coil:\n",

-        "Rl = 2.4 ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 29

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example8_5,pg 499"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# actual Q factor and resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "# Variable declaration\n",

-      "#when switch is open\n",

-      "C1=0.011*10**-6                           #capacitance-1\n",

-      "Q1=10.0                                   #Q-factor-1\n",

-      "#when switch is closed\n",

-      "C2=0.022*10**-6                           #capacitance-2\n",

-      "Q2=100.0                                  #Q-factor-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Qac=((Q1*Q2)/(Q1-Q2))*((C1-C2)/C1)        #actual Q-factor\n",

-      "Rp=((Q1*Q2)/(Q2-Q1))*(1/(2*math.pi*C2))       #parallel resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"actual Q-factor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Qac = %.2f \\n\"%Qac)\n",

-      "print(\"parallel resistance:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Rp = %.f M-ohm\"%(Rp/10**6))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "actual Q-factor:\n",

-        "Qac = 11.11 \n",

-        "\n",

-        "parallel resistance:\n",

-        "Rp = 80 M-ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 32

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example8_6,pg 499"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find Q factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Cr=0.01*10**-6               #capacitance at resonance\n",

-      "Cu=0.014*10**-6              #capacitance at upper half\n",

-      "Cl=0.008*10**-6              #capacitance at lower half\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Qac=((2*Cr)/(Cu-Cl))         #actual Q-factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"actual Q-factor:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Qac = %.2f \"%Qac)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "actual Q-factor:\n",

-        "Qac = 3.33 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example8_7,pg 499"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find lag\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "V=10.0                    #v=10sin6280t\n",

-      "I=1.0                     #current peak\n",

-      "P=3.1                     #active power\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "phi=math.acos((P*2)/V)    #phase in radian\n",

-      "w=6280.0                  #v=10sin6280t\n",

-      "lag=(phi/w)               #lag\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"lag = %.2f ms\"%(lag*10**3))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "lag = 0.14 ms\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 33

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example8_8,pg 500"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find truncation error\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "V=4.0                   #peak voltage\n",

-      "I=0.4                   #peak current\n",

-      "f=1*10**3               #operating frequency\n",

-      "fs=40*10**3             #sampling rate\n",

-      "delt=2.2                #time interval\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "phi=((2*math.pi*f)/fs)  #phase \n",

-      "Et=(V*I*phi)/(4*math.pi*f*delt*math.sin(phi))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"truncation error:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Et = %.1f * 10^-6 \"%(Et*10**6))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "truncation error:\n",

-        "Et = 58.1 * 10^-6 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 36

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example8_9,pg 500"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find frequency of PF meter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "ar=1.0                     #gain of rectifier\n",

-      "nc=40.0                    #turns ratio (1:40)\n",

-      "Vm=4.0                     #peak load voltage\n",

-      "PF=0.85                    #power factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "f=(1/math.pi)*ar*Vm*nc*PF #frequency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"frequency of digital power meter:\")\n",

-      "print(\"f = %.1f Hz\"%f)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "frequency of digital power meter:\n",

-        "f = 43.3 Hz\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 37

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example8_10,pg 500"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# calculate ratio error and phase angle\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Rp=94.0                     #primary resistance\n",

-      "Xp=64.3                     #primary reactance\n",

-      "Rs=0.85*10**2               #secondary resistance\n",

-      "Im=31*10**-3                #magnetizing current\n",

-      "PF=0.4                      #power factor\n",

-      "n=10.0                      #PT ratio\n",

-      "Is=1.0                      #load current\n",

-      "Vs=110.0                    #n=(Vp/Vs)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "B=math.acos(PF)\n",

-      "beta = math.floor(math.sin(B)*10)/10\n",

-      "R=Rp+Rs                     #total resistance\n",

-      "nerr=n+((((Is/n)*((R*PF)+(Xp*beta)))+Im*Xp)/Vs)\n",

-      "theta=((PF*(Xp/n))-(beta*(R/n))-(Im*Rp))/(Vs*n)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"ratio error:\")\n",

-      "print(\"nerr = %.3f\\n\"%nerr)\n",

-      "print(\"phase angle:\")\n",

-      "print(\"theta = %.3f\"%theta)\n",

-      "#Answer for theta do not match with the book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "ratio error:\n",

-        "nerr = 10.136\n",

-        "\n",

-        "phase angle:\n",

-        "theta = -0.015\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 52

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example8_11,pg 500"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# calculate ratio error and phase angle\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "n=20.0                          #(Vs/Is)\n",

-      "Is=5.0                          #n=(Vs/Is)\n",

-      "Vs=100.0                        #n=(Vs/Is)\n",

-      "N=0.25                          #resistance to reactance ratio\n",

-      "Bur=15.0                        #burden of CT=15VA (rating)\n",

-      "IL=0.13                         #iron loss\n",

-      "Im=1.3                          #magnetizing current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "V=(Bur/Is)                      #voltage rating\n",

-      "B=math.atan(N)                  #cos(B)-> power factor\n",

-      "#B=B*(180/math.pi)               #conversion into degree\n",

-      "I=(Bur/Vs)                      #current rating\n",

-      "I1=(IL/I)\n",

-      "Rac=0.23                        #actual value\n",

-      "R=n+((I1*math.cos(B)+Im*math.sin(B))/Is)\n",

-      "theta=((Im*math.cos(B)-I1*math.sin(B))/Vs)\n",

-      "nerr=-(Rac/R)*100               #ratio error\n",

-      "\n",

-      "# Result\n",

-      "print(\"ratio error:\")\n",

-      "print(\"nerr = %.3f%%\\n \"%nerr)\n",

-      "print(\"phase angle \\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"theta = %.4f\u00b0 \"%theta)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "ratio error:\n",

-        "nerr = -1.137%\n",

-        " \n",

-        "phase angle \n",

-        "\n",

-        "theta = 0.0105\u00b0 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 56

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch9.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 887c53e4..00000000
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,279 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 9 : Analyzers"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example9_1,pg 501"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# variable frequency oscillator\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "fc=1.3*10**6                          #centre frequency\n",

-      "fsignal=1*10**6                       #frequency of the signal\n",

-      "fvfo=0.3*10**6                        #frequency of variable frequency oscillator\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "per=(fvfo/fc)*100\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"percent variation:\")\n",

-      "print(\"per = %.2f%%\"%(math.floor(per*100)/100))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "percent variation:\n",

-        "per = 23.07%\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example9_2,pg 502"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# DFT coefficients\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "N=22.0                           #no. of acquistioned data\n",

-      "delt=2*10**-3                    #time period\n",

-      "n=4.0                            #4th DFT coeff.\n",

-      "q=3.0                            #no. of discrete points\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "#An=(2/N)*V(n)*cos((2*%pi*n*q)/N)\n",

-      "#Bn=(2/N)*V(n)*sin((2*%pi*n*q)/N)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"A4=(1/11)V(4)cos(12pi/11)\\n\")\n",

-      "print(\"B4=(1/11)V(4)sin(12pi/11)\\n\")\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "A4=(1/11)V(4)cos(12pi/11)\n",

-        "\n",

-        "B4=(1/11)V(4)sin(12pi/11)\n",

-        "\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example9_3,pg 502"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find improvement ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "N=64.0                         #data units\n",

-      "#implimentation steps for DFT=64^2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "#for FFT\n",

-      "r= math.log(N,2)/N              #implimentation ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"implimentation ratio:\")\n",

-      "print(\"r = %.5f or (3/32)\"%r)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "implimentation ratio:\n",

-        "r = 0.09375 or (3/32)\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example9_4,pg 502"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find distortion factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "D3=1.3*10**-2                  #3rd harmonic(unit value)\n",

-      "D5=0.31*10**-2                 #5th harmonic(unit value)\n",

-      "D7=0.04*10**-2                 #7th harmonic(unit value)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Dt=math.sqrt((D3**2)+(D5**2)+(D7**2))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"distortion ratio:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Dt = %.5f \"%Dt)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "distortion ratio:\n",

-        "Dt = 0.01337 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example9_5,pg 502"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# find percentage change in feedback\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Q=10.0                    #Q-factor\n",

-      "m=5.0                     #improvement factor\n",

-      "a=(1.0/((3*Q)-1))         #filter factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Qr=Q*m                    #rejection Q-factor\n",

-      "ar=(1.0/((3*Qr)-1))       #rejection filter factor\n",

-      "perf=((a-ar)/a)*100       #percent change in feedback\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"percent change in feedback:\")\n",

-      "print(\"perf = %.2f \"%perf)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "percent change in feedback:\n",

-        "perf = 80.54 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example9_6,pg 503"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# time uncertainity and measurable time\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "fc=100.0*10**6                 #clock frequency\n",

-      "Nm=4.0*10**6                   #memory size\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Te=(1.0/fc)                  #timing uncertainity\n",

-      "Tm=(Nm/fc)                   #measurable time\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"timing uncertainity:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Te = %.f ns\\n\"%(Te*10**9))\n",

-      "print(\"measurable time:\")\n",

-      "print(\"Tm = %.f m\"%(Tm*10**3))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "timing uncertainity:\n",

-        "Te = 10 ns\n",

-        "\n",

-        "measurable time:\n",

-        "Tm = 40 m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_11_Caluculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions.ipynb b/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_11_Caluculations_for_Process_Heat.ipynb
index bc4e7d41..bc4e7d41 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_11_Caluculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions.ipynb
+++ b/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_11_Caluculations_for_Process_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Programming_in_C/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter_16-checkpoint.ipynb b/Programming_in_C/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter.ipynb
index 535875b5..535875b5 100755
--- a/Programming_in_C/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter_16-checkpoint.ipynb
+++ b/Programming_in_C/.ipynb_checkpoints/Chapter.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter1.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter1.ipynb
index 5f30e2b4..dc168263 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -326,6 +326,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "b=250.0 #width, in mm\n",
     "D=500 #overall depth, in mm\n",
     "Ast=4*.785*22**2 #four 22 mm dia bars, in sq mm\n",
@@ -453,7 +455,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -468,6 +470,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "b=350.0 #width, in mm\n",
     "D=650 #overall depth, in mm\n",
     "Ast=4*.785*22**2 #four 22mm dia bars, in sq mm\n",
@@ -498,7 +502,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -513,6 +517,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "b=250.0 #width, in mm\n",
     "sigma_cbc=5.0 #in MPa\n",
     "sigma_st=190.0 #in MPa\n",
@@ -536,7 +542,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -551,7 +557,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " #b=d/2 (given)\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#b=d/2 (given)\n",
     "sigma_cbc=5 #in MPa\n",
     "sigma_st=140.0 #in MPa\n",
     "m=18.66 #modular ratio\n",
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter10.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter10.ipynb
index b6dbe200..b6dbe200 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter11.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter11.ipynb
index 0acd4c7c..0acd4c7c 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter12.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter12.ipynb
index 00ba8990..00ba8990 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter13.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter13.ipynb
index 88c6cdbf..4f93fd39 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter13.ipynb
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "sigma_cbc=7 #in MPa\n",
     "sigma_ct=1.2 #in MPa\n",
     "sigma_st=170 #in MPa\n",
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter14.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter14.ipynb
index ee39f719..ee39f719 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter15.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter15.ipynb
index 4f33f0e8..4f33f0e8 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter16.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter16.ipynb
index 862a551d..862a551d 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter17.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter17.ipynb
index 9cca9ebe..9cca9ebe 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter18.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter18.ipynb
index 42fdbe26..42fdbe26 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter19.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter19.ipynb
index cdd3dc10..cdd3dc10 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter2.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter2.ipynb
index 3b926f9d..3b926f9d 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter3.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter3.ipynb
index 776d6bac..776d6bac 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter4.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter4.ipynb
index baea0397..baea0397 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter5.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter5.ipynb
index faac3c92..e51c7989 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter5.ipynb
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -299,6 +299,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "dia=500 #in mm\n",
     "Asc=6*math.pi/4*25**2 #six 25 mm dia bars, in sq mm\n",
     "Lef=8 #effective length of column, in m\n",
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter7.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter7.ipynb
index f90ccffb..f90ccffb 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter8.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter8.ipynb
index 716ce21b..716ce21b 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter9.ipynb b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter9.ipynb
index e6ff9686..e6ff9686 100755..100644
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_IKQKHLX.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_IKQKHLX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2855a29c..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_IKQKHLX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10:Component Selection and Balancing"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.1,PAGE NUMBER:136"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "w_a=8.4;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "R=3.8;# Rating of an air-cooling evaporator in kW/k\n",
-    "T_a=-15;# Entering air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_r=-21;# Refrigerant temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=(T_a+273)-(T_r+273);# Rating LMTD in K\n",
-    "E=R*deltaT;# Rated duty in kW\n",
-    "C_pair=1.006;# kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "T_ar=E/(C_pair*w_a);# Reduction in air temperature in °C \n",
-    "T_al=T_a-T_ar;# Air leaving temperature in °C\n",
-    "deltaT_min=(T_al+273)-(T_r+273);# K\n",
-    "deltaT_max=deltaT;# K\n",
-    "LMTD=(deltaT_max-deltaT_min)/(math.log(deltaT_max/deltaT_min));\n",
-    "print\"\\nLMTD=%1.1f K\"%LMTD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.2,PAGE NUMBER:136"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=45;# The sensible heat extracted by an air-cooling coil in kW\n",
-    "T_in=24;# The entering air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_out=18;# The leaving air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_e=11;#  Refrigerant  evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "Af=[100,95,90,85];# Air flow (%)\n",
-    "m=[7.35,6.99,6.62,6.25];# Mass air flow (kg/s)\n",
-    "T_a=[24,24,24,24];# Air temperature on coil (°C)\n",
-    "deltaT=[6,6.3,6.7,7.1];# ΔT for 45 kW (K)\n",
-    "T_aoff=[18,17.7,17.3,16.9];# Air temperature off coil (°C)\n",
-    "LMTD=[9.7,9.5,9.2,9.0];# LMTD,refrigerant at 11°C (K)\n",
-    "h=[1,0.96,0.92,0.88];# h, in terms of design (from V0.8) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "m_af=Q/(C_pa*(T_in-T_out));\n",
-    "Capacity=[(45*h[0]*LMTD[0])/9.7,(45*h[1]*LMTD[1])/9.7,(45*h[2]*LMTD[2])/9.7,(45*h[3]*LMTD[3])/9.7];# kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nDesign mass air flow=%1.2f kg/s\"%m_af\n",
-    "print\"The cooling capacity at 100,95,90and 85 percentage mass air flow=%2.0f,%2.1f,%2.1fand %2.1f kW\"%(Capacity[0],Capacity[1],Capacity[2],Capacity[3])"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.3,PAGE NUMBER:140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "P_c=10;# kW\n",
-    "T_e=-35;# Evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_c=40;# Condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_s=5;# Subcooling temperature in K\n",
-    "T_cin=20;# Compressor inlet temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_cout=0;# Zero subcooling temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "v_s1=146.46;# m**3/kg\n",
-    "v_s2=135.25;# m**3/kg\n",
-    "v_sr=v_s1/v_s2;# The ratio of specific volume\n",
-    "# Assuming the compressor pumps the same volume flowrate:\n",
-    "m_1bym_2=v_sr;# Flow rate ratio\n",
-    "print\"\\nFlow rate ratio,m_2/m_1=%1.3f\"%m_1bym_2\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "h_1=392.51;# Suction gas enthalpy at 20°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=375.19;# Suction gas enthalpy at 0°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_f=257.77;# Liquid enthalpy at the expansion valve inlet at 40°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_1=h_1-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference at rating condition in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_2=h_2-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference with 0°C suction in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh_2/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_c=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Compressor capacity corrected for suction temperature change in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCompressor capacity corrected for suction temperature change=%1.2f kW\"%C_c\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "h_f=249.67;# Liquid enthalpy at the expansion valve inlet at 35°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh=h_2-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference at application condition in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_cact=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Actual compressor capacity in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nActual compressor capacity=%2.2f kW\"%C_cact\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "h_g=350.13;# Suction gas enthalpy at evaporator outlet, -30°C (5 K superheat) in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_e=h_g-h_f;# Useful evaporator enthalpy difference in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh_e/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_eact=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Actual evaporator capacity in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nActual evaporator capacity=%1.2f kW\"%C_eact"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.4,PAGE NUMBER:142"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_c1=30;# Condensing temperature for larger condenser in °C\n",
-    "T_c2=35;# Condensing temperature for smaller condenser in °C\n",
-    "Rc_1=242;# Rated capacity of plant for larger condenser in kW\n",
-    "Rc_2=218;# Rated capacity of plant for smaller condenser in kW\n",
-    "Rt_1=1802;# Running time (kW-h)\n",
-    "Rt_2=2000;# Running time (kW-h)\n",
-    "Ci_1=60;# Compressor electrical input power in kW\n",
-    "Ci_2=70;# Compressor electrical input power in kW\n",
-    "Ec_1=11533;# Electricity cost per year (£)\n",
-    "Ec_2=14933;# Electricity cost per year (£)\n",
-    "C_1=14000;# Cost of the larger condenser in £\n",
-    "C_2=8500;# Cost of the smaller condenser in £\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Es=Ec_2-Ec_1;# Cost of the larger condenser in £\n",
-    "Bet=(C_1-C_2)*Es**-1;# Break-even time in years\n",
-    "print\"Break-even time=%1.1f years\"%Bet"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_foqqDBF.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_foqqDBF.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2855a29c..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_foqqDBF.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10:Component Selection and Balancing"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.1,PAGE NUMBER:136"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "w_a=8.4;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "R=3.8;# Rating of an air-cooling evaporator in kW/k\n",
-    "T_a=-15;# Entering air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_r=-21;# Refrigerant temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=(T_a+273)-(T_r+273);# Rating LMTD in K\n",
-    "E=R*deltaT;# Rated duty in kW\n",
-    "C_pair=1.006;# kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "T_ar=E/(C_pair*w_a);# Reduction in air temperature in °C \n",
-    "T_al=T_a-T_ar;# Air leaving temperature in °C\n",
-    "deltaT_min=(T_al+273)-(T_r+273);# K\n",
-    "deltaT_max=deltaT;# K\n",
-    "LMTD=(deltaT_max-deltaT_min)/(math.log(deltaT_max/deltaT_min));\n",
-    "print\"\\nLMTD=%1.1f K\"%LMTD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.2,PAGE NUMBER:136"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=45;# The sensible heat extracted by an air-cooling coil in kW\n",
-    "T_in=24;# The entering air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_out=18;# The leaving air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_e=11;#  Refrigerant  evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "Af=[100,95,90,85];# Air flow (%)\n",
-    "m=[7.35,6.99,6.62,6.25];# Mass air flow (kg/s)\n",
-    "T_a=[24,24,24,24];# Air temperature on coil (°C)\n",
-    "deltaT=[6,6.3,6.7,7.1];# ΔT for 45 kW (K)\n",
-    "T_aoff=[18,17.7,17.3,16.9];# Air temperature off coil (°C)\n",
-    "LMTD=[9.7,9.5,9.2,9.0];# LMTD,refrigerant at 11°C (K)\n",
-    "h=[1,0.96,0.92,0.88];# h, in terms of design (from V0.8) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "m_af=Q/(C_pa*(T_in-T_out));\n",
-    "Capacity=[(45*h[0]*LMTD[0])/9.7,(45*h[1]*LMTD[1])/9.7,(45*h[2]*LMTD[2])/9.7,(45*h[3]*LMTD[3])/9.7];# kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nDesign mass air flow=%1.2f kg/s\"%m_af\n",
-    "print\"The cooling capacity at 100,95,90and 85 percentage mass air flow=%2.0f,%2.1f,%2.1fand %2.1f kW\"%(Capacity[0],Capacity[1],Capacity[2],Capacity[3])"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.3,PAGE NUMBER:140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "P_c=10;# kW\n",
-    "T_e=-35;# Evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_c=40;# Condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_s=5;# Subcooling temperature in K\n",
-    "T_cin=20;# Compressor inlet temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_cout=0;# Zero subcooling temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "v_s1=146.46;# m**3/kg\n",
-    "v_s2=135.25;# m**3/kg\n",
-    "v_sr=v_s1/v_s2;# The ratio of specific volume\n",
-    "# Assuming the compressor pumps the same volume flowrate:\n",
-    "m_1bym_2=v_sr;# Flow rate ratio\n",
-    "print\"\\nFlow rate ratio,m_2/m_1=%1.3f\"%m_1bym_2\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "h_1=392.51;# Suction gas enthalpy at 20°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=375.19;# Suction gas enthalpy at 0°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_f=257.77;# Liquid enthalpy at the expansion valve inlet at 40°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_1=h_1-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference at rating condition in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_2=h_2-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference with 0°C suction in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh_2/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_c=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Compressor capacity corrected for suction temperature change in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCompressor capacity corrected for suction temperature change=%1.2f kW\"%C_c\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "h_f=249.67;# Liquid enthalpy at the expansion valve inlet at 35°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh=h_2-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference at application condition in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_cact=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Actual compressor capacity in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nActual compressor capacity=%2.2f kW\"%C_cact\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "h_g=350.13;# Suction gas enthalpy at evaporator outlet, -30°C (5 K superheat) in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_e=h_g-h_f;# Useful evaporator enthalpy difference in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh_e/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_eact=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Actual evaporator capacity in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nActual evaporator capacity=%1.2f kW\"%C_eact"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.4,PAGE NUMBER:142"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_c1=30;# Condensing temperature for larger condenser in °C\n",
-    "T_c2=35;# Condensing temperature for smaller condenser in °C\n",
-    "Rc_1=242;# Rated capacity of plant for larger condenser in kW\n",
-    "Rc_2=218;# Rated capacity of plant for smaller condenser in kW\n",
-    "Rt_1=1802;# Running time (kW-h)\n",
-    "Rt_2=2000;# Running time (kW-h)\n",
-    "Ci_1=60;# Compressor electrical input power in kW\n",
-    "Ci_2=70;# Compressor electrical input power in kW\n",
-    "Ec_1=11533;# Electricity cost per year (£)\n",
-    "Ec_2=14933;# Electricity cost per year (£)\n",
-    "C_1=14000;# Cost of the larger condenser in £\n",
-    "C_2=8500;# Cost of the smaller condenser in £\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Es=Ec_2-Ec_1;# Cost of the larger condenser in £\n",
-    "Bet=(C_1-C_2)*Es**-1;# Break-even time in years\n",
-    "print\"Break-even time=%1.1f years\"%Bet"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_mryKsHB.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_mryKsHB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2855a29c..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_mryKsHB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10:Component Selection and Balancing"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.1,PAGE NUMBER:136"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "w_a=8.4;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "R=3.8;# Rating of an air-cooling evaporator in kW/k\n",
-    "T_a=-15;# Entering air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_r=-21;# Refrigerant temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=(T_a+273)-(T_r+273);# Rating LMTD in K\n",
-    "E=R*deltaT;# Rated duty in kW\n",
-    "C_pair=1.006;# kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "T_ar=E/(C_pair*w_a);# Reduction in air temperature in °C \n",
-    "T_al=T_a-T_ar;# Air leaving temperature in °C\n",
-    "deltaT_min=(T_al+273)-(T_r+273);# K\n",
-    "deltaT_max=deltaT;# K\n",
-    "LMTD=(deltaT_max-deltaT_min)/(math.log(deltaT_max/deltaT_min));\n",
-    "print\"\\nLMTD=%1.1f K\"%LMTD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.2,PAGE NUMBER:136"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=45;# The sensible heat extracted by an air-cooling coil in kW\n",
-    "T_in=24;# The entering air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_out=18;# The leaving air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_e=11;#  Refrigerant  evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "Af=[100,95,90,85];# Air flow (%)\n",
-    "m=[7.35,6.99,6.62,6.25];# Mass air flow (kg/s)\n",
-    "T_a=[24,24,24,24];# Air temperature on coil (°C)\n",
-    "deltaT=[6,6.3,6.7,7.1];# ΔT for 45 kW (K)\n",
-    "T_aoff=[18,17.7,17.3,16.9];# Air temperature off coil (°C)\n",
-    "LMTD=[9.7,9.5,9.2,9.0];# LMTD,refrigerant at 11°C (K)\n",
-    "h=[1,0.96,0.92,0.88];# h, in terms of design (from V0.8) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "m_af=Q/(C_pa*(T_in-T_out));\n",
-    "Capacity=[(45*h[0]*LMTD[0])/9.7,(45*h[1]*LMTD[1])/9.7,(45*h[2]*LMTD[2])/9.7,(45*h[3]*LMTD[3])/9.7];# kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nDesign mass air flow=%1.2f kg/s\"%m_af\n",
-    "print\"The cooling capacity at 100,95,90and 85 percentage mass air flow=%2.0f,%2.1f,%2.1fand %2.1f kW\"%(Capacity[0],Capacity[1],Capacity[2],Capacity[3])"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.3,PAGE NUMBER:140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "P_c=10;# kW\n",
-    "T_e=-35;# Evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_c=40;# Condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_s=5;# Subcooling temperature in K\n",
-    "T_cin=20;# Compressor inlet temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_cout=0;# Zero subcooling temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "v_s1=146.46;# m**3/kg\n",
-    "v_s2=135.25;# m**3/kg\n",
-    "v_sr=v_s1/v_s2;# The ratio of specific volume\n",
-    "# Assuming the compressor pumps the same volume flowrate:\n",
-    "m_1bym_2=v_sr;# Flow rate ratio\n",
-    "print\"\\nFlow rate ratio,m_2/m_1=%1.3f\"%m_1bym_2\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "h_1=392.51;# Suction gas enthalpy at 20°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=375.19;# Suction gas enthalpy at 0°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_f=257.77;# Liquid enthalpy at the expansion valve inlet at 40°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_1=h_1-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference at rating condition in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_2=h_2-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference with 0°C suction in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh_2/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_c=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Compressor capacity corrected for suction temperature change in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCompressor capacity corrected for suction temperature change=%1.2f kW\"%C_c\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "h_f=249.67;# Liquid enthalpy at the expansion valve inlet at 35°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh=h_2-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference at application condition in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_cact=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Actual compressor capacity in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nActual compressor capacity=%2.2f kW\"%C_cact\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "h_g=350.13;# Suction gas enthalpy at evaporator outlet, -30°C (5 K superheat) in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_e=h_g-h_f;# Useful evaporator enthalpy difference in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh_e/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_eact=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Actual evaporator capacity in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nActual evaporator capacity=%1.2f kW\"%C_eact"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.4,PAGE NUMBER:142"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_c1=30;# Condensing temperature for larger condenser in °C\n",
-    "T_c2=35;# Condensing temperature for smaller condenser in °C\n",
-    "Rc_1=242;# Rated capacity of plant for larger condenser in kW\n",
-    "Rc_2=218;# Rated capacity of plant for smaller condenser in kW\n",
-    "Rt_1=1802;# Running time (kW-h)\n",
-    "Rt_2=2000;# Running time (kW-h)\n",
-    "Ci_1=60;# Compressor electrical input power in kW\n",
-    "Ci_2=70;# Compressor electrical input power in kW\n",
-    "Ec_1=11533;# Electricity cost per year (£)\n",
-    "Ec_2=14933;# Electricity cost per year (£)\n",
-    "C_1=14000;# Cost of the larger condenser in £\n",
-    "C_2=8500;# Cost of the smaller condenser in £\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Es=Ec_2-Ec_1;# Cost of the larger condenser in £\n",
-    "Bet=(C_1-C_2)*Es**-1;# Break-even time in years\n",
-    "print\"Break-even time=%1.1f years\"%Bet"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_n9KDZJr.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_n9KDZJr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2855a29c..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_n9KDZJr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10:Component Selection and Balancing"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.1,PAGE NUMBER:136"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "w_a=8.4;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "R=3.8;# Rating of an air-cooling evaporator in kW/k\n",
-    "T_a=-15;# Entering air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_r=-21;# Refrigerant temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=(T_a+273)-(T_r+273);# Rating LMTD in K\n",
-    "E=R*deltaT;# Rated duty in kW\n",
-    "C_pair=1.006;# kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "T_ar=E/(C_pair*w_a);# Reduction in air temperature in °C \n",
-    "T_al=T_a-T_ar;# Air leaving temperature in °C\n",
-    "deltaT_min=(T_al+273)-(T_r+273);# K\n",
-    "deltaT_max=deltaT;# K\n",
-    "LMTD=(deltaT_max-deltaT_min)/(math.log(deltaT_max/deltaT_min));\n",
-    "print\"\\nLMTD=%1.1f K\"%LMTD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.2,PAGE NUMBER:136"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=45;# The sensible heat extracted by an air-cooling coil in kW\n",
-    "T_in=24;# The entering air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_out=18;# The leaving air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_e=11;#  Refrigerant  evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "Af=[100,95,90,85];# Air flow (%)\n",
-    "m=[7.35,6.99,6.62,6.25];# Mass air flow (kg/s)\n",
-    "T_a=[24,24,24,24];# Air temperature on coil (°C)\n",
-    "deltaT=[6,6.3,6.7,7.1];# ΔT for 45 kW (K)\n",
-    "T_aoff=[18,17.7,17.3,16.9];# Air temperature off coil (°C)\n",
-    "LMTD=[9.7,9.5,9.2,9.0];# LMTD,refrigerant at 11°C (K)\n",
-    "h=[1,0.96,0.92,0.88];# h, in terms of design (from V0.8) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "m_af=Q/(C_pa*(T_in-T_out));\n",
-    "Capacity=[(45*h[0]*LMTD[0])/9.7,(45*h[1]*LMTD[1])/9.7,(45*h[2]*LMTD[2])/9.7,(45*h[3]*LMTD[3])/9.7];# kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nDesign mass air flow=%1.2f kg/s\"%m_af\n",
-    "print\"The cooling capacity at 100,95,90and 85 percentage mass air flow=%2.0f,%2.1f,%2.1fand %2.1f kW\"%(Capacity[0],Capacity[1],Capacity[2],Capacity[3])"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.3,PAGE NUMBER:140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "P_c=10;# kW\n",
-    "T_e=-35;# Evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_c=40;# Condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_s=5;# Subcooling temperature in K\n",
-    "T_cin=20;# Compressor inlet temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_cout=0;# Zero subcooling temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "v_s1=146.46;# m**3/kg\n",
-    "v_s2=135.25;# m**3/kg\n",
-    "v_sr=v_s1/v_s2;# The ratio of specific volume\n",
-    "# Assuming the compressor pumps the same volume flowrate:\n",
-    "m_1bym_2=v_sr;# Flow rate ratio\n",
-    "print\"\\nFlow rate ratio,m_2/m_1=%1.3f\"%m_1bym_2\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "h_1=392.51;# Suction gas enthalpy at 20°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=375.19;# Suction gas enthalpy at 0°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_f=257.77;# Liquid enthalpy at the expansion valve inlet at 40°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_1=h_1-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference at rating condition in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_2=h_2-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference with 0°C suction in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh_2/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_c=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Compressor capacity corrected for suction temperature change in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCompressor capacity corrected for suction temperature change=%1.2f kW\"%C_c\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "h_f=249.67;# Liquid enthalpy at the expansion valve inlet at 35°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh=h_2-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference at application condition in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_cact=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Actual compressor capacity in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nActual compressor capacity=%2.2f kW\"%C_cact\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "h_g=350.13;# Suction gas enthalpy at evaporator outlet, -30°C (5 K superheat) in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_e=h_g-h_f;# Useful evaporator enthalpy difference in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh_e/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_eact=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Actual evaporator capacity in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nActual evaporator capacity=%1.2f kW\"%C_eact"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.4,PAGE NUMBER:142"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_c1=30;# Condensing temperature for larger condenser in °C\n",
-    "T_c2=35;# Condensing temperature for smaller condenser in °C\n",
-    "Rc_1=242;# Rated capacity of plant for larger condenser in kW\n",
-    "Rc_2=218;# Rated capacity of plant for smaller condenser in kW\n",
-    "Rt_1=1802;# Running time (kW-h)\n",
-    "Rt_2=2000;# Running time (kW-h)\n",
-    "Ci_1=60;# Compressor electrical input power in kW\n",
-    "Ci_2=70;# Compressor electrical input power in kW\n",
-    "Ec_1=11533;# Electricity cost per year (£)\n",
-    "Ec_2=14933;# Electricity cost per year (£)\n",
-    "C_1=14000;# Cost of the larger condenser in £\n",
-    "C_2=8500;# Cost of the smaller condenser in £\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Es=Ec_2-Ec_1;# Cost of the larger condenser in £\n",
-    "Bet=(C_1-C_2)*Es**-1;# Break-even time in years\n",
-    "print\"Break-even time=%1.1f years\"%Bet"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_qWhnOxh.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_qWhnOxh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2855a29c..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_10_qWhnOxh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10:Component Selection and Balancing"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.1,PAGE NUMBER:136"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "w_a=8.4;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "R=3.8;# Rating of an air-cooling evaporator in kW/k\n",
-    "T_a=-15;# Entering air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_r=-21;# Refrigerant temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=(T_a+273)-(T_r+273);# Rating LMTD in K\n",
-    "E=R*deltaT;# Rated duty in kW\n",
-    "C_pair=1.006;# kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "T_ar=E/(C_pair*w_a);# Reduction in air temperature in °C \n",
-    "T_al=T_a-T_ar;# Air leaving temperature in °C\n",
-    "deltaT_min=(T_al+273)-(T_r+273);# K\n",
-    "deltaT_max=deltaT;# K\n",
-    "LMTD=(deltaT_max-deltaT_min)/(math.log(deltaT_max/deltaT_min));\n",
-    "print\"\\nLMTD=%1.1f K\"%LMTD"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.2,PAGE NUMBER:136"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=45;# The sensible heat extracted by an air-cooling coil in kW\n",
-    "T_in=24;# The entering air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_out=18;# The leaving air temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_e=11;#  Refrigerant  evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "Af=[100,95,90,85];# Air flow (%)\n",
-    "m=[7.35,6.99,6.62,6.25];# Mass air flow (kg/s)\n",
-    "T_a=[24,24,24,24];# Air temperature on coil (°C)\n",
-    "deltaT=[6,6.3,6.7,7.1];# ΔT for 45 kW (K)\n",
-    "T_aoff=[18,17.7,17.3,16.9];# Air temperature off coil (°C)\n",
-    "LMTD=[9.7,9.5,9.2,9.0];# LMTD,refrigerant at 11°C (K)\n",
-    "h=[1,0.96,0.92,0.88];# h, in terms of design (from V0.8) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "m_af=Q/(C_pa*(T_in-T_out));\n",
-    "Capacity=[(45*h[0]*LMTD[0])/9.7,(45*h[1]*LMTD[1])/9.7,(45*h[2]*LMTD[2])/9.7,(45*h[3]*LMTD[3])/9.7];# kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nDesign mass air flow=%1.2f kg/s\"%m_af\n",
-    "print\"The cooling capacity at 100,95,90and 85 percentage mass air flow=%2.0f,%2.1f,%2.1fand %2.1f kW\"%(Capacity[0],Capacity[1],Capacity[2],Capacity[3])"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.3,PAGE NUMBER:140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "P_c=10;# kW\n",
-    "T_e=-35;# Evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_c=40;# Condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_s=5;# Subcooling temperature in K\n",
-    "T_cin=20;# Compressor inlet temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_cout=0;# Zero subcooling temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "v_s1=146.46;# m**3/kg\n",
-    "v_s2=135.25;# m**3/kg\n",
-    "v_sr=v_s1/v_s2;# The ratio of specific volume\n",
-    "# Assuming the compressor pumps the same volume flowrate:\n",
-    "m_1bym_2=v_sr;# Flow rate ratio\n",
-    "print\"\\nFlow rate ratio,m_2/m_1=%1.3f\"%m_1bym_2\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "h_1=392.51;# Suction gas enthalpy at 20°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=375.19;# Suction gas enthalpy at 0°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_f=257.77;# Liquid enthalpy at the expansion valve inlet at 40°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_1=h_1-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference at rating condition in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_2=h_2-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference with 0°C suction in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh_2/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_c=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Compressor capacity corrected for suction temperature change in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCompressor capacity corrected for suction temperature change=%1.2f kW\"%C_c\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "h_f=249.67;# Liquid enthalpy at the expansion valve inlet at 35°C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh=h_2-h_f;# Evaporator enthalpy difference at application condition in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_cact=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Actual compressor capacity in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nActual compressor capacity=%2.2f kW\"%C_cact\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "h_g=350.13;# Suction gas enthalpy at evaporator outlet, -30°C (5 K superheat) in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_e=h_g-h_f;# Useful evaporator enthalpy difference in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh_r=dh_e/dh_1;# Enthalpy difference ratio\n",
-    "C_eact=P_c*m_1bym_2*dh_r;# Actual evaporator capacity in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nActual evaporator capacity=%1.2f kW\"%C_eact"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 10.4,PAGE NUMBER:142"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_c1=30;# Condensing temperature for larger condenser in °C\n",
-    "T_c2=35;# Condensing temperature for smaller condenser in °C\n",
-    "Rc_1=242;# Rated capacity of plant for larger condenser in kW\n",
-    "Rc_2=218;# Rated capacity of plant for smaller condenser in kW\n",
-    "Rt_1=1802;# Running time (kW-h)\n",
-    "Rt_2=2000;# Running time (kW-h)\n",
-    "Ci_1=60;# Compressor electrical input power in kW\n",
-    "Ci_2=70;# Compressor electrical input power in kW\n",
-    "Ec_1=11533;# Electricity cost per year (£)\n",
-    "Ec_2=14933;# Electricity cost per year (£)\n",
-    "C_1=14000;# Cost of the larger condenser in £\n",
-    "C_2=8500;# Cost of the smaller condenser in £\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Es=Ec_2-Ec_1;# Cost of the larger condenser in £\n",
-    "Bet=(C_1-C_2)*Es**-1;# Break-even time in years\n",
-    "print\"Break-even time=%1.1f years\"%Bet"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_bWcKRdl.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_bWcKRdl.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c6f3f29..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_bWcKRdl.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11:Installation and Construction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.1,PAGE NUMBER:152"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_c=34;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_s=30;# The subcooled temperature in °C\n",
-    "g=9.81;# m/s**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_c=15.69;# Saturation pressure at 34°C in bar\n",
-    "P_s=14.18;# Saturation pressure at 30°C in bar\n",
-    "dp=P_c-P_s;# Permissible pressure drop in bar\n",
-    "rho=1022;# Specific mass of liquid in kg/m**3;\n",
-    "H=(dp*10**5)/(rho*g);# Possible loss in static head in m\n",
-    "print\"Possible loss in static head=%2.1f m\"%H"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.2,PAGE NUMBER:158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_a=20;# The ambient temperature in °C\n",
-    "m_p=10;# g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_v=10.34;# Vapour pressure of R407C at 20°C in bar abs\n",
-    "P_o=11.70;# Observed pressure in bar abs\n",
-    "P_p=P_o-P_v;# Partial pressure of non-condensible gas in bar abs\n",
-    "M_m=(0.23*52)+(0.25*120)+(0.52*102);# Molecular mass\n",
-    "print\"\\nPartial pressure of non-condensible gas=%1.2f bar abs \\nMolecular mass=%2.0f\"%(P_p,M_m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_kugy2Cr.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_kugy2Cr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c6f3f29..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_kugy2Cr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11:Installation and Construction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.1,PAGE NUMBER:152"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_c=34;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_s=30;# The subcooled temperature in °C\n",
-    "g=9.81;# m/s**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_c=15.69;# Saturation pressure at 34°C in bar\n",
-    "P_s=14.18;# Saturation pressure at 30°C in bar\n",
-    "dp=P_c-P_s;# Permissible pressure drop in bar\n",
-    "rho=1022;# Specific mass of liquid in kg/m**3;\n",
-    "H=(dp*10**5)/(rho*g);# Possible loss in static head in m\n",
-    "print\"Possible loss in static head=%2.1f m\"%H"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.2,PAGE NUMBER:158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_a=20;# The ambient temperature in °C\n",
-    "m_p=10;# g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_v=10.34;# Vapour pressure of R407C at 20°C in bar abs\n",
-    "P_o=11.70;# Observed pressure in bar abs\n",
-    "P_p=P_o-P_v;# Partial pressure of non-condensible gas in bar abs\n",
-    "M_m=(0.23*52)+(0.25*120)+(0.52*102);# Molecular mass\n",
-    "print\"\\nPartial pressure of non-condensible gas=%1.2f bar abs \\nMolecular mass=%2.0f\"%(P_p,M_m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_ouN3tck.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_ouN3tck.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c6f3f29..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_ouN3tck.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11:Installation and Construction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.1,PAGE NUMBER:152"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_c=34;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_s=30;# The subcooled temperature in °C\n",
-    "g=9.81;# m/s**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_c=15.69;# Saturation pressure at 34°C in bar\n",
-    "P_s=14.18;# Saturation pressure at 30°C in bar\n",
-    "dp=P_c-P_s;# Permissible pressure drop in bar\n",
-    "rho=1022;# Specific mass of liquid in kg/m**3;\n",
-    "H=(dp*10**5)/(rho*g);# Possible loss in static head in m\n",
-    "print\"Possible loss in static head=%2.1f m\"%H"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.2,PAGE NUMBER:158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_a=20;# The ambient temperature in °C\n",
-    "m_p=10;# g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_v=10.34;# Vapour pressure of R407C at 20°C in bar abs\n",
-    "P_o=11.70;# Observed pressure in bar abs\n",
-    "P_p=P_o-P_v;# Partial pressure of non-condensible gas in bar abs\n",
-    "M_m=(0.23*52)+(0.25*120)+(0.52*102);# Molecular mass\n",
-    "print\"\\nPartial pressure of non-condensible gas=%1.2f bar abs \\nMolecular mass=%2.0f\"%(P_p,M_m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_pzJaIh3.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_pzJaIh3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c6f3f29..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_pzJaIh3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11:Installation and Construction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.1,PAGE NUMBER:152"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_c=34;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_s=30;# The subcooled temperature in °C\n",
-    "g=9.81;# m/s**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_c=15.69;# Saturation pressure at 34°C in bar\n",
-    "P_s=14.18;# Saturation pressure at 30°C in bar\n",
-    "dp=P_c-P_s;# Permissible pressure drop in bar\n",
-    "rho=1022;# Specific mass of liquid in kg/m**3;\n",
-    "H=(dp*10**5)/(rho*g);# Possible loss in static head in m\n",
-    "print\"Possible loss in static head=%2.1f m\"%H"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.2,PAGE NUMBER:158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_a=20;# The ambient temperature in °C\n",
-    "m_p=10;# g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_v=10.34;# Vapour pressure of R407C at 20°C in bar abs\n",
-    "P_o=11.70;# Observed pressure in bar abs\n",
-    "P_p=P_o-P_v;# Partial pressure of non-condensible gas in bar abs\n",
-    "M_m=(0.23*52)+(0.25*120)+(0.52*102);# Molecular mass\n",
-    "print\"\\nPartial pressure of non-condensible gas=%1.2f bar abs \\nMolecular mass=%2.0f\"%(P_p,M_m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_wz07pe0.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_wz07pe0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c6f3f29..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_11_wz07pe0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11:Installation and Construction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.1,PAGE NUMBER:152"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_c=34;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_s=30;# The subcooled temperature in °C\n",
-    "g=9.81;# m/s**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_c=15.69;# Saturation pressure at 34°C in bar\n",
-    "P_s=14.18;# Saturation pressure at 30°C in bar\n",
-    "dp=P_c-P_s;# Permissible pressure drop in bar\n",
-    "rho=1022;# Specific mass of liquid in kg/m**3;\n",
-    "H=(dp*10**5)/(rho*g);# Possible loss in static head in m\n",
-    "print\"Possible loss in static head=%2.1f m\"%H"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.2,PAGE NUMBER:158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_a=20;# The ambient temperature in °C\n",
-    "m_p=10;# g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_v=10.34;# Vapour pressure of R407C at 20°C in bar abs\n",
-    "P_o=11.70;# Observed pressure in bar abs\n",
-    "P_p=P_o-P_v;# Partial pressure of non-condensible gas in bar abs\n",
-    "M_m=(0.23*52)+(0.25*120)+(0.52*102);# Molecular mass\n",
-    "print\"\\nPartial pressure of non-condensible gas=%1.2f bar abs \\nMolecular mass=%2.0f\"%(P_p,M_m)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_2h7bMQS.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_2h7bMQS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f941b77f..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_2h7bMQS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15:Cold storage"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.1,PAGE NUMBER:188"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=2;# The number of two pellet truck doors\n",
-    "m_n=300;#The number of traffic movements per day\n",
-    "t=30;# seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "T=n*m_n*t;# The time for the door openings seconds per day \n",
-    "A=2.2*3.2;# The cross sectional area in m**2\n",
-    "v=1;# m/s\n",
-    "I=A*T*v;# The air infiltration in m**3/d\n",
-    "V=50*70*10;# The store volume in m**3\n",
-    "R=I/V;# The rate of air change per day\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe store volume is %5.0f m**3. \\nThe rate of air change is %1.1f per day.\"%(V,R)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.2,PAGE NUMBER:188"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T=5;#  The dry bulb temperature in \n",
-    "R=3.6;# The rate of air change per day\n",
-    "V=35000;# The store volume in m**3\n",
-    "v_spa=0.8;# The specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "q=600;# m**3/h\n",
-    "n=2;# The number of two pellet truck doors\n",
-    "h_1=15.9;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=-24.3;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "T_1=20;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=-25;# °C\n",
-    "t=24;# Time duration for one day in hours\n",
-    "t_s=24*60*60;# Time duration for one day in seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "R_woh=V*R/v_spa;# The rate of air change without dehumidification in kg/day\n",
-    "Q_woh=R_woh*(h_1-h_2)/t_s;# The cooling load without dehumidification in kW\n",
-    "R_wh=q*n*t/v_spa;# The rate of air change with dehumidification in kg/day\n",
-    "Q_wh=R_wh*(T_1-T_2)/t_s;# The cooling load with dehumidification in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe rate of air change without dehumidification is %5.0f kg/day. \\nThe cooling load without dehumidification %2.1f kW(calculation error).\"%(R_woh,Q_woh)\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe rate of air change with dehumidification is %5.0f kg/day. \\nThe cooling load with dehumidification %2.2f kW.\"%(R_wh,Q_wh)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_FFVe1GZ.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_FFVe1GZ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f941b77f..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_FFVe1GZ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15:Cold storage"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.1,PAGE NUMBER:188"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=2;# The number of two pellet truck doors\n",
-    "m_n=300;#The number of traffic movements per day\n",
-    "t=30;# seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "T=n*m_n*t;# The time for the door openings seconds per day \n",
-    "A=2.2*3.2;# The cross sectional area in m**2\n",
-    "v=1;# m/s\n",
-    "I=A*T*v;# The air infiltration in m**3/d\n",
-    "V=50*70*10;# The store volume in m**3\n",
-    "R=I/V;# The rate of air change per day\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe store volume is %5.0f m**3. \\nThe rate of air change is %1.1f per day.\"%(V,R)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.2,PAGE NUMBER:188"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T=5;#  The dry bulb temperature in \n",
-    "R=3.6;# The rate of air change per day\n",
-    "V=35000;# The store volume in m**3\n",
-    "v_spa=0.8;# The specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "q=600;# m**3/h\n",
-    "n=2;# The number of two pellet truck doors\n",
-    "h_1=15.9;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=-24.3;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "T_1=20;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=-25;# °C\n",
-    "t=24;# Time duration for one day in hours\n",
-    "t_s=24*60*60;# Time duration for one day in seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "R_woh=V*R/v_spa;# The rate of air change without dehumidification in kg/day\n",
-    "Q_woh=R_woh*(h_1-h_2)/t_s;# The cooling load without dehumidification in kW\n",
-    "R_wh=q*n*t/v_spa;# The rate of air change with dehumidification in kg/day\n",
-    "Q_wh=R_wh*(T_1-T_2)/t_s;# The cooling load with dehumidification in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe rate of air change without dehumidification is %5.0f kg/day. \\nThe cooling load without dehumidification %2.1f kW(calculation error).\"%(R_woh,Q_woh)\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe rate of air change with dehumidification is %5.0f kg/day. \\nThe cooling load with dehumidification %2.2f kW.\"%(R_wh,Q_wh)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_VV1xwHB.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_VV1xwHB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f941b77f..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_VV1xwHB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15:Cold storage"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.1,PAGE NUMBER:188"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=2;# The number of two pellet truck doors\n",
-    "m_n=300;#The number of traffic movements per day\n",
-    "t=30;# seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "T=n*m_n*t;# The time for the door openings seconds per day \n",
-    "A=2.2*3.2;# The cross sectional area in m**2\n",
-    "v=1;# m/s\n",
-    "I=A*T*v;# The air infiltration in m**3/d\n",
-    "V=50*70*10;# The store volume in m**3\n",
-    "R=I/V;# The rate of air change per day\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe store volume is %5.0f m**3. \\nThe rate of air change is %1.1f per day.\"%(V,R)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.2,PAGE NUMBER:188"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T=5;#  The dry bulb temperature in \n",
-    "R=3.6;# The rate of air change per day\n",
-    "V=35000;# The store volume in m**3\n",
-    "v_spa=0.8;# The specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "q=600;# m**3/h\n",
-    "n=2;# The number of two pellet truck doors\n",
-    "h_1=15.9;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=-24.3;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "T_1=20;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=-25;# °C\n",
-    "t=24;# Time duration for one day in hours\n",
-    "t_s=24*60*60;# Time duration for one day in seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "R_woh=V*R/v_spa;# The rate of air change without dehumidification in kg/day\n",
-    "Q_woh=R_woh*(h_1-h_2)/t_s;# The cooling load without dehumidification in kW\n",
-    "R_wh=q*n*t/v_spa;# The rate of air change with dehumidification in kg/day\n",
-    "Q_wh=R_wh*(T_1-T_2)/t_s;# The cooling load with dehumidification in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe rate of air change without dehumidification is %5.0f kg/day. \\nThe cooling load without dehumidification %2.1f kW(calculation error).\"%(R_woh,Q_woh)\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe rate of air change with dehumidification is %5.0f kg/day. \\nThe cooling load with dehumidification %2.2f kW.\"%(R_wh,Q_wh)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_cWlZFV9.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_cWlZFV9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f941b77f..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_cWlZFV9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15:Cold storage"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.1,PAGE NUMBER:188"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=2;# The number of two pellet truck doors\n",
-    "m_n=300;#The number of traffic movements per day\n",
-    "t=30;# seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "T=n*m_n*t;# The time for the door openings seconds per day \n",
-    "A=2.2*3.2;# The cross sectional area in m**2\n",
-    "v=1;# m/s\n",
-    "I=A*T*v;# The air infiltration in m**3/d\n",
-    "V=50*70*10;# The store volume in m**3\n",
-    "R=I/V;# The rate of air change per day\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe store volume is %5.0f m**3. \\nThe rate of air change is %1.1f per day.\"%(V,R)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.2,PAGE NUMBER:188"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T=5;#  The dry bulb temperature in \n",
-    "R=3.6;# The rate of air change per day\n",
-    "V=35000;# The store volume in m**3\n",
-    "v_spa=0.8;# The specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "q=600;# m**3/h\n",
-    "n=2;# The number of two pellet truck doors\n",
-    "h_1=15.9;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=-24.3;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "T_1=20;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=-25;# °C\n",
-    "t=24;# Time duration for one day in hours\n",
-    "t_s=24*60*60;# Time duration for one day in seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "R_woh=V*R/v_spa;# The rate of air change without dehumidification in kg/day\n",
-    "Q_woh=R_woh*(h_1-h_2)/t_s;# The cooling load without dehumidification in kW\n",
-    "R_wh=q*n*t/v_spa;# The rate of air change with dehumidification in kg/day\n",
-    "Q_wh=R_wh*(T_1-T_2)/t_s;# The cooling load with dehumidification in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe rate of air change without dehumidification is %5.0f kg/day. \\nThe cooling load without dehumidification %2.1f kW(calculation error).\"%(R_woh,Q_woh)\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe rate of air change with dehumidification is %5.0f kg/day. \\nThe cooling load with dehumidification %2.2f kW.\"%(R_wh,Q_wh)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_jOufY8o.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_jOufY8o.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f941b77f..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_15_jOufY8o.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15:Cold storage"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.1,PAGE NUMBER:188"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=2;# The number of two pellet truck doors\n",
-    "m_n=300;#The number of traffic movements per day\n",
-    "t=30;# seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "T=n*m_n*t;# The time for the door openings seconds per day \n",
-    "A=2.2*3.2;# The cross sectional area in m**2\n",
-    "v=1;# m/s\n",
-    "I=A*T*v;# The air infiltration in m**3/d\n",
-    "V=50*70*10;# The store volume in m**3\n",
-    "R=I/V;# The rate of air change per day\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe store volume is %5.0f m**3. \\nThe rate of air change is %1.1f per day.\"%(V,R)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 15.2,PAGE NUMBER:188"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T=5;#  The dry bulb temperature in \n",
-    "R=3.6;# The rate of air change per day\n",
-    "V=35000;# The store volume in m**3\n",
-    "v_spa=0.8;# The specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "q=600;# m**3/h\n",
-    "n=2;# The number of two pellet truck doors\n",
-    "h_1=15.9;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=-24.3;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "T_1=20;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=-25;# °C\n",
-    "t=24;# Time duration for one day in hours\n",
-    "t_s=24*60*60;# Time duration for one day in seconds\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "R_woh=V*R/v_spa;# The rate of air change without dehumidification in kg/day\n",
-    "Q_woh=R_woh*(h_1-h_2)/t_s;# The cooling load without dehumidification in kW\n",
-    "R_wh=q*n*t/v_spa;# The rate of air change with dehumidification in kg/day\n",
-    "Q_wh=R_wh*(T_1-T_2)/t_s;# The cooling load with dehumidification in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe rate of air change without dehumidification is %5.0f kg/day. \\nThe cooling load without dehumidification %2.1f kW(calculation error).\"%(R_woh,Q_woh)\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe rate of air change with dehumidification is %5.0f kg/day. \\nThe cooling load with dehumidification %2.2f kW.\"%(R_wh,Q_wh)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_Iv5bqFf.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_Iv5bqFf.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e1962b2c..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_Iv5bqFf.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18:Refrigeration Load Estimation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.1,PAGE NUMBER:228"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_1=15;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=0;# °C\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.k\n",
-    "m=20*10**3;# The mass flow rate of water in kg/day\n",
-    "h_l=334;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "t=24*3600;# The time available for cooling in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=(m*((C_pw*T_1)+334))/t;# The cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"The cooling load,Q=%2.0f kW.\"%Q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.2,PAGE NUMBER:228"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_1=22;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=1;# °C\n",
-    "C_p=3.1;# The specific heat capacity of meat in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "m=8*10**3;# The mass of meat in kg\n",
-    "t=14*3600;# The time available for cooling in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=(m*((C_p*(T_1-T_2))))/t;# The cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"The cooling load,Q=%2.1f kW.\"%Q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.3,PAGE NUMBER:230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=12;# The number of lighting fittings\n",
-    "P=280;# W\n",
-    "P_3f=660;# W\n",
-    "P_h=18;# kW\n",
-    "I=80;# A\n",
-    "V=24;# V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "L=[1.12,3.36];# Lighting,12*280,8h/day [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "F=[7.78,7.92];# Fan motors, 12*660 W [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Dh=[1.50,18.00];# Defrost heaters,72 kW,1/2 h/day [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Fl=[0.21,1.92];# Fork-lift,1.92 kW,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Fld=[0,0.12];# Fork-lift driver,120 kW,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "P=[0,0.24];# Packers,240 W,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Avg=L[0]+F[0]+Dh[0]+Fl[0]+Fld[0]+P[0];# Average over 24 h\n",
-    "Peak=L[1]+F[1]+Dh[1]+Fl[1]+Fld[1]+P[1];# Peak\n",
-    "print\"\\nAverage over 24 h=%2.2f \\nPeak=%2.2f\"%(Avg,Peak)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.6,PAGE NUMBER:231"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1000;# The capacity of meat store in tonnes\n",
-    "m_l=50;# The amount of meat leaving the store in t/day\n",
-    "m_s=300;# The amount of meat arrives from the ships in t/day\n",
-    "t=24*3600;# Time in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Case(1)\n",
-    "m=90;# t/day\n",
-    "T_1=2;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=-12;# °C\n",
-    "C=3.2;# Specific heat capacity in kJ/(kg.K)\n",
-    "T_fp=-1;# Freezing point of meat in °C\n",
-    "h_fg=225;# Latent heat of freezing in kJ/kg\n",
-    "C_fm=1.63;# Specific heat of frozen meat in kJ/(kg.K)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m*1000*((C*3)+h_fg+(C_fm*11)))/(t);# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(1):Cooling load,Q_f=%3.0f kW\"%Q_f\n",
-    "# Case(2)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m_s*10**3*(C_fm*T_1))/t;# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(2):Cooling load,Q_f=%2.0f kW\"%Q_f\n",
-    "# Case(3)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m_l*10**3*((C*3)+h_fg+(C_fm*11)))/t;# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(3):Cooling load,Q_f=%3.0f kW\"%Q_f"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_Kj5LWYw.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_Kj5LWYw.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e1962b2c..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_Kj5LWYw.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18:Refrigeration Load Estimation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.1,PAGE NUMBER:228"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_1=15;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=0;# °C\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.k\n",
-    "m=20*10**3;# The mass flow rate of water in kg/day\n",
-    "h_l=334;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "t=24*3600;# The time available for cooling in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=(m*((C_pw*T_1)+334))/t;# The cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"The cooling load,Q=%2.0f kW.\"%Q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.2,PAGE NUMBER:228"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_1=22;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=1;# °C\n",
-    "C_p=3.1;# The specific heat capacity of meat in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "m=8*10**3;# The mass of meat in kg\n",
-    "t=14*3600;# The time available for cooling in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=(m*((C_p*(T_1-T_2))))/t;# The cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"The cooling load,Q=%2.1f kW.\"%Q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.3,PAGE NUMBER:230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=12;# The number of lighting fittings\n",
-    "P=280;# W\n",
-    "P_3f=660;# W\n",
-    "P_h=18;# kW\n",
-    "I=80;# A\n",
-    "V=24;# V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "L=[1.12,3.36];# Lighting,12*280,8h/day [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "F=[7.78,7.92];# Fan motors, 12*660 W [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Dh=[1.50,18.00];# Defrost heaters,72 kW,1/2 h/day [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Fl=[0.21,1.92];# Fork-lift,1.92 kW,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Fld=[0,0.12];# Fork-lift driver,120 kW,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "P=[0,0.24];# Packers,240 W,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Avg=L[0]+F[0]+Dh[0]+Fl[0]+Fld[0]+P[0];# Average over 24 h\n",
-    "Peak=L[1]+F[1]+Dh[1]+Fl[1]+Fld[1]+P[1];# Peak\n",
-    "print\"\\nAverage over 24 h=%2.2f \\nPeak=%2.2f\"%(Avg,Peak)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.6,PAGE NUMBER:231"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1000;# The capacity of meat store in tonnes\n",
-    "m_l=50;# The amount of meat leaving the store in t/day\n",
-    "m_s=300;# The amount of meat arrives from the ships in t/day\n",
-    "t=24*3600;# Time in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Case(1)\n",
-    "m=90;# t/day\n",
-    "T_1=2;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=-12;# °C\n",
-    "C=3.2;# Specific heat capacity in kJ/(kg.K)\n",
-    "T_fp=-1;# Freezing point of meat in °C\n",
-    "h_fg=225;# Latent heat of freezing in kJ/kg\n",
-    "C_fm=1.63;# Specific heat of frozen meat in kJ/(kg.K)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m*1000*((C*3)+h_fg+(C_fm*11)))/(t);# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(1):Cooling load,Q_f=%3.0f kW\"%Q_f\n",
-    "# Case(2)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m_s*10**3*(C_fm*T_1))/t;# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(2):Cooling load,Q_f=%2.0f kW\"%Q_f\n",
-    "# Case(3)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m_l*10**3*((C*3)+h_fg+(C_fm*11)))/t;# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(3):Cooling load,Q_f=%3.0f kW\"%Q_f"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_UvH1VFJ.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_UvH1VFJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e1962b2c..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_UvH1VFJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18:Refrigeration Load Estimation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.1,PAGE NUMBER:228"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_1=15;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=0;# °C\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.k\n",
-    "m=20*10**3;# The mass flow rate of water in kg/day\n",
-    "h_l=334;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "t=24*3600;# The time available for cooling in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=(m*((C_pw*T_1)+334))/t;# The cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"The cooling load,Q=%2.0f kW.\"%Q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.2,PAGE NUMBER:228"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_1=22;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=1;# °C\n",
-    "C_p=3.1;# The specific heat capacity of meat in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "m=8*10**3;# The mass of meat in kg\n",
-    "t=14*3600;# The time available for cooling in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=(m*((C_p*(T_1-T_2))))/t;# The cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"The cooling load,Q=%2.1f kW.\"%Q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.3,PAGE NUMBER:230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=12;# The number of lighting fittings\n",
-    "P=280;# W\n",
-    "P_3f=660;# W\n",
-    "P_h=18;# kW\n",
-    "I=80;# A\n",
-    "V=24;# V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "L=[1.12,3.36];# Lighting,12*280,8h/day [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "F=[7.78,7.92];# Fan motors, 12*660 W [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Dh=[1.50,18.00];# Defrost heaters,72 kW,1/2 h/day [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Fl=[0.21,1.92];# Fork-lift,1.92 kW,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Fld=[0,0.12];# Fork-lift driver,120 kW,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "P=[0,0.24];# Packers,240 W,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Avg=L[0]+F[0]+Dh[0]+Fl[0]+Fld[0]+P[0];# Average over 24 h\n",
-    "Peak=L[1]+F[1]+Dh[1]+Fl[1]+Fld[1]+P[1];# Peak\n",
-    "print\"\\nAverage over 24 h=%2.2f \\nPeak=%2.2f\"%(Avg,Peak)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.6,PAGE NUMBER:231"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1000;# The capacity of meat store in tonnes\n",
-    "m_l=50;# The amount of meat leaving the store in t/day\n",
-    "m_s=300;# The amount of meat arrives from the ships in t/day\n",
-    "t=24*3600;# Time in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Case(1)\n",
-    "m=90;# t/day\n",
-    "T_1=2;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=-12;# °C\n",
-    "C=3.2;# Specific heat capacity in kJ/(kg.K)\n",
-    "T_fp=-1;# Freezing point of meat in °C\n",
-    "h_fg=225;# Latent heat of freezing in kJ/kg\n",
-    "C_fm=1.63;# Specific heat of frozen meat in kJ/(kg.K)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m*1000*((C*3)+h_fg+(C_fm*11)))/(t);# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(1):Cooling load,Q_f=%3.0f kW\"%Q_f\n",
-    "# Case(2)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m_s*10**3*(C_fm*T_1))/t;# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(2):Cooling load,Q_f=%2.0f kW\"%Q_f\n",
-    "# Case(3)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m_l*10**3*((C*3)+h_fg+(C_fm*11)))/t;# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(3):Cooling load,Q_f=%3.0f kW\"%Q_f"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_WmawvkN.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_WmawvkN.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e1962b2c..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_WmawvkN.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18:Refrigeration Load Estimation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.1,PAGE NUMBER:228"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_1=15;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=0;# °C\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.k\n",
-    "m=20*10**3;# The mass flow rate of water in kg/day\n",
-    "h_l=334;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "t=24*3600;# The time available for cooling in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=(m*((C_pw*T_1)+334))/t;# The cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"The cooling load,Q=%2.0f kW.\"%Q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.2,PAGE NUMBER:228"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_1=22;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=1;# °C\n",
-    "C_p=3.1;# The specific heat capacity of meat in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "m=8*10**3;# The mass of meat in kg\n",
-    "t=14*3600;# The time available for cooling in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=(m*((C_p*(T_1-T_2))))/t;# The cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"The cooling load,Q=%2.1f kW.\"%Q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.3,PAGE NUMBER:230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=12;# The number of lighting fittings\n",
-    "P=280;# W\n",
-    "P_3f=660;# W\n",
-    "P_h=18;# kW\n",
-    "I=80;# A\n",
-    "V=24;# V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "L=[1.12,3.36];# Lighting,12*280,8h/day [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "F=[7.78,7.92];# Fan motors, 12*660 W [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Dh=[1.50,18.00];# Defrost heaters,72 kW,1/2 h/day [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Fl=[0.21,1.92];# Fork-lift,1.92 kW,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Fld=[0,0.12];# Fork-lift driver,120 kW,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "P=[0,0.24];# Packers,240 W,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Avg=L[0]+F[0]+Dh[0]+Fl[0]+Fld[0]+P[0];# Average over 24 h\n",
-    "Peak=L[1]+F[1]+Dh[1]+Fl[1]+Fld[1]+P[1];# Peak\n",
-    "print\"\\nAverage over 24 h=%2.2f \\nPeak=%2.2f\"%(Avg,Peak)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.6,PAGE NUMBER:231"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1000;# The capacity of meat store in tonnes\n",
-    "m_l=50;# The amount of meat leaving the store in t/day\n",
-    "m_s=300;# The amount of meat arrives from the ships in t/day\n",
-    "t=24*3600;# Time in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Case(1)\n",
-    "m=90;# t/day\n",
-    "T_1=2;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=-12;# °C\n",
-    "C=3.2;# Specific heat capacity in kJ/(kg.K)\n",
-    "T_fp=-1;# Freezing point of meat in °C\n",
-    "h_fg=225;# Latent heat of freezing in kJ/kg\n",
-    "C_fm=1.63;# Specific heat of frozen meat in kJ/(kg.K)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m*1000*((C*3)+h_fg+(C_fm*11)))/(t);# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(1):Cooling load,Q_f=%3.0f kW\"%Q_f\n",
-    "# Case(2)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m_s*10**3*(C_fm*T_1))/t;# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(2):Cooling load,Q_f=%2.0f kW\"%Q_f\n",
-    "# Case(3)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m_l*10**3*((C*3)+h_fg+(C_fm*11)))/t;# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(3):Cooling load,Q_f=%3.0f kW\"%Q_f"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_fSOm1kr.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_fSOm1kr.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e1962b2c..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_18_fSOm1kr.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18:Refrigeration Load Estimation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.1,PAGE NUMBER:228"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_1=15;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=0;# °C\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.k\n",
-    "m=20*10**3;# The mass flow rate of water in kg/day\n",
-    "h_l=334;# kJ/kg\n",
-    "t=24*3600;# The time available for cooling in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=(m*((C_pw*T_1)+334))/t;# The cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"The cooling load,Q=%2.0f kW.\"%Q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.2,PAGE NUMBER:228"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_1=22;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=1;# °C\n",
-    "C_p=3.1;# The specific heat capacity of meat in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "m=8*10**3;# The mass of meat in kg\n",
-    "t=14*3600;# The time available for cooling in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=(m*((C_p*(T_1-T_2))))/t;# The cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"The cooling load,Q=%2.1f kW.\"%Q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.3,PAGE NUMBER:230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=12;# The number of lighting fittings\n",
-    "P=280;# W\n",
-    "P_3f=660;# W\n",
-    "P_h=18;# kW\n",
-    "I=80;# A\n",
-    "V=24;# V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "L=[1.12,3.36];# Lighting,12*280,8h/day [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "F=[7.78,7.92];# Fan motors, 12*660 W [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Dh=[1.50,18.00];# Defrost heaters,72 kW,1/2 h/day [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Fl=[0.21,1.92];# Fork-lift,1.92 kW,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Fld=[0,0.12];# Fork-lift driver,120 kW,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "P=[0,0.24];# Packers,240 W,(1/3)*8h [Average over 24 h,Peak]\n",
-    "Avg=L[0]+F[0]+Dh[0]+Fl[0]+Fld[0]+P[0];# Average over 24 h\n",
-    "Peak=L[1]+F[1]+Dh[1]+Fl[1]+Fld[1]+P[1];# Peak\n",
-    "print\"\\nAverage over 24 h=%2.2f \\nPeak=%2.2f\"%(Avg,Peak)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 18.6,PAGE NUMBER:231"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=1000;# The capacity of meat store in tonnes\n",
-    "m_l=50;# The amount of meat leaving the store in t/day\n",
-    "m_s=300;# The amount of meat arrives from the ships in t/day\n",
-    "t=24*3600;# Time in s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Case(1)\n",
-    "m=90;# t/day\n",
-    "T_1=2;# °C\n",
-    "T_2=-12;# °C\n",
-    "C=3.2;# Specific heat capacity in kJ/(kg.K)\n",
-    "T_fp=-1;# Freezing point of meat in °C\n",
-    "h_fg=225;# Latent heat of freezing in kJ/kg\n",
-    "C_fm=1.63;# Specific heat of frozen meat in kJ/(kg.K)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m*1000*((C*3)+h_fg+(C_fm*11)))/(t);# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(1):Cooling load,Q_f=%3.0f kW\"%Q_f\n",
-    "# Case(2)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m_s*10**3*(C_fm*T_1))/t;# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(2):Cooling load,Q_f=%2.0f kW\"%Q_f\n",
-    "# Case(3)\n",
-    "Q_f=(m_l*10**3*((C*3)+h_fg+(C_fm*11)))/t;# Cooling load in kW\n",
-    "print\"\\nCase(3):Cooling load,Q_f=%3.0f kW\"%Q_f"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_5KKGpFS.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_5KKGpFS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 81311d47..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_5KKGpFS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,304 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 1:Fundmentals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.1,PAGE NUMBER:3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_0=-5+273;# K\n",
-    "T_1=35+273;# K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "COP=(T_0)/(T_1-T_0);# Coefficient of performance\n",
-    "print \"Carnot COP=\",round(COP,2),\"(error)\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.2,PAGE NUMBER:4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_f=80;# Final Temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_i=0;# Initial Temperature in °C\n",
-    "h_f=334.91;# The specific enthalpy of water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "C=h_f/(T_f-T_i);# The average specific heat capacity in kJ/(kg K)\n",
-    "print \"The average specific heat capacity is\",round(C,3),\"kJ/(kg K)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.3,PAGE NUMBER:4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "P=1.013;# Pressure in bar\n",
-    "h_fg=2257;# The latent heat of boiling water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T_b=100; # The boiling point temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "m=1; # The mass of water in kg\n",
-    "T_i=30; # The initial temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "C_p=4.19;# The specific heat of water in kJ/kg°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*((C_p*(T_b-T_i))+h_fg);# The quantity of heat added in kJ\n",
-    "print\"The quantity of heat added is\",round(Q,1),\"kJ\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.4,PAGE NUMBER:6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "V_1byV_2=2;# Volumetric ratio (given)\n",
-    "p_1=1.01325;# The atmospheric pressure in bar(101325 kPa)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "p_2=V_1byV_2*p_1;# The new pressure in bar\n",
-    "print\"The new pressure,p_2=\",round(p_2,4),\"bar(abs.)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.5,PAGE NUMBER:7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "V_1=0.75;# The initial volume in m**3\n",
-    "T_1=273+20; # The initial temperature of water in K\n",
-    "T_2=273+90; # The final temperature of water in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "V_2=V_1*(T_2/T_1);# The final volume in m**3\n",
-    "print\"The final volume,V_2=\",round(V_2,2),\"m**3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.6,PAGE NUMBER:7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R=287;# The specific gas constant in J/(kg K)\n",
-    "m=5; # The mass of ideal gas in kg\n",
-    "p=101.325;# The atmospheric pressure in kPa\n",
-    "T=273+25;# The temperature of an ideal gas in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "V=(m*R*T)/(p*1000);# The volume of an ideal gas in m**3\n",
-    "print\"The volume of an ideal gas is\",round(V,2),\"m**3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.7,PAGE NUMBER:7,8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "m_N=0.906;# The mass of nitrogen in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_N=297;# The specific gas constant of nitrogen in J/kg K\n",
-    "m_O=0.278;# The mass of oxygen in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_O=260;# The specific gas constant of oxygen in J/kg K\n",
-    "m_A=0.015;# The mass of argon in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_A=208;# The specific gas constant of argon in J/kg K\n",
-    "T=273.15+20;# The temperature of air in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "p_N=m_N*R_N*T;# The pressure of nitrogen in Pa\n",
-    "p_O=m_O*R_O*T;# The pressure of oxygen in Pa\n",
-    "p_A=m_A*R_A*T;# The pressure of argon in Pa\n",
-    "p_t=p_N+p_O+p_A;# The total pressure in Pa\n",
-    "print\"The total pressure is\",round(p_t,0),\"Pa\",\"(\",round(p_t/10**5,5),\"bar)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.8,PAGE NUMBER:8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "t=225;# The wall thickness in mm\n",
-    "k=0.60;# Thermal conductivity in W/(m K)\n",
-    "L=10;# Length in m\n",
-    "h=3;# Height in m\n",
-    "delT=25;# The temperature difference between the inside and outside faces in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q_t=(L*h*k*delT*1000)/(t);# The rate of heat conduction in W\n",
-    "print\"The rate of heat conduction,Q_t=\",round(Q_t,0),\"W\"\"(or)\",round(Q_t/1000,0),\"kW)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.9,PAGE NUMBER:10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "R_i=0.3;# The inside surface resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_c=1/2.8;# The thermal conductance of plastered surface in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_o=0.05;# The outside surface resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "R_t=R_i+R_c+R_o;# The total thermal resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "U=1/R_t;# The overall transmittance in W/(m**2 K)\n",
-    "print\"The overall transmittance,U=\",round(U,3),\" W/(m**2 K)\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.10,PAGE NUMBER:12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "T_f=3;# The temperature of fluid in °C\n",
-    "T_wi=11.5;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wo=6.4;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "A=420;# The surface area in m**2\n",
-    "U=110;# The thermal transmittance in W/(m**2 K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "delT_max=T_wi-T_f;# The maximum temperature difference in K\n",
-    "delT_min=T_wo-T_f;# The minimum temperature difference in K\n",
-    "LMTD=(delT_max-delT_min)/math.log(delT_max/delT_min);\n",
-    "Q_f=U*A*LMTD;# The amount of heat transfer in W\n",
-    "print\"The logarithmic mean temperature difference is\",round(LMTD,3),\"K\"\n",
-    "print\"The amount of heat transfer is\",round(Q_f,0),\"W (round off error)\",\"or\",round(Q_f/1000,0),\"kW\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_NZdFRnE.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_NZdFRnE.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 81311d47..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_NZdFRnE.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,304 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 1:Fundmentals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.1,PAGE NUMBER:3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_0=-5+273;# K\n",
-    "T_1=35+273;# K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "COP=(T_0)/(T_1-T_0);# Coefficient of performance\n",
-    "print \"Carnot COP=\",round(COP,2),\"(error)\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.2,PAGE NUMBER:4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_f=80;# Final Temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_i=0;# Initial Temperature in °C\n",
-    "h_f=334.91;# The specific enthalpy of water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "C=h_f/(T_f-T_i);# The average specific heat capacity in kJ/(kg K)\n",
-    "print \"The average specific heat capacity is\",round(C,3),\"kJ/(kg K)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.3,PAGE NUMBER:4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "P=1.013;# Pressure in bar\n",
-    "h_fg=2257;# The latent heat of boiling water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T_b=100; # The boiling point temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "m=1; # The mass of water in kg\n",
-    "T_i=30; # The initial temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "C_p=4.19;# The specific heat of water in kJ/kg°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*((C_p*(T_b-T_i))+h_fg);# The quantity of heat added in kJ\n",
-    "print\"The quantity of heat added is\",round(Q,1),\"kJ\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.4,PAGE NUMBER:6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "V_1byV_2=2;# Volumetric ratio (given)\n",
-    "p_1=1.01325;# The atmospheric pressure in bar(101325 kPa)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "p_2=V_1byV_2*p_1;# The new pressure in bar\n",
-    "print\"The new pressure,p_2=\",round(p_2,4),\"bar(abs.)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.5,PAGE NUMBER:7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "V_1=0.75;# The initial volume in m**3\n",
-    "T_1=273+20; # The initial temperature of water in K\n",
-    "T_2=273+90; # The final temperature of water in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "V_2=V_1*(T_2/T_1);# The final volume in m**3\n",
-    "print\"The final volume,V_2=\",round(V_2,2),\"m**3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.6,PAGE NUMBER:7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R=287;# The specific gas constant in J/(kg K)\n",
-    "m=5; # The mass of ideal gas in kg\n",
-    "p=101.325;# The atmospheric pressure in kPa\n",
-    "T=273+25;# The temperature of an ideal gas in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "V=(m*R*T)/(p*1000);# The volume of an ideal gas in m**3\n",
-    "print\"The volume of an ideal gas is\",round(V,2),\"m**3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.7,PAGE NUMBER:7,8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "m_N=0.906;# The mass of nitrogen in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_N=297;# The specific gas constant of nitrogen in J/kg K\n",
-    "m_O=0.278;# The mass of oxygen in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_O=260;# The specific gas constant of oxygen in J/kg K\n",
-    "m_A=0.015;# The mass of argon in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_A=208;# The specific gas constant of argon in J/kg K\n",
-    "T=273.15+20;# The temperature of air in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "p_N=m_N*R_N*T;# The pressure of nitrogen in Pa\n",
-    "p_O=m_O*R_O*T;# The pressure of oxygen in Pa\n",
-    "p_A=m_A*R_A*T;# The pressure of argon in Pa\n",
-    "p_t=p_N+p_O+p_A;# The total pressure in Pa\n",
-    "print\"The total pressure is\",round(p_t,0),\"Pa\",\"(\",round(p_t/10**5,5),\"bar)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.8,PAGE NUMBER:8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "t=225;# The wall thickness in mm\n",
-    "k=0.60;# Thermal conductivity in W/(m K)\n",
-    "L=10;# Length in m\n",
-    "h=3;# Height in m\n",
-    "delT=25;# The temperature difference between the inside and outside faces in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q_t=(L*h*k*delT*1000)/(t);# The rate of heat conduction in W\n",
-    "print\"The rate of heat conduction,Q_t=\",round(Q_t,0),\"W\"\"(or)\",round(Q_t/1000,0),\"kW)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.9,PAGE NUMBER:10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "R_i=0.3;# The inside surface resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_c=1/2.8;# The thermal conductance of plastered surface in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_o=0.05;# The outside surface resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "R_t=R_i+R_c+R_o;# The total thermal resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "U=1/R_t;# The overall transmittance in W/(m**2 K)\n",
-    "print\"The overall transmittance,U=\",round(U,3),\" W/(m**2 K)\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.10,PAGE NUMBER:12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "T_f=3;# The temperature of fluid in °C\n",
-    "T_wi=11.5;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wo=6.4;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "A=420;# The surface area in m**2\n",
-    "U=110;# The thermal transmittance in W/(m**2 K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "delT_max=T_wi-T_f;# The maximum temperature difference in K\n",
-    "delT_min=T_wo-T_f;# The minimum temperature difference in K\n",
-    "LMTD=(delT_max-delT_min)/math.log(delT_max/delT_min);\n",
-    "Q_f=U*A*LMTD;# The amount of heat transfer in W\n",
-    "print\"The logarithmic mean temperature difference is\",round(LMTD,3),\"K\"\n",
-    "print\"The amount of heat transfer is\",round(Q_f,0),\"W (round off error)\",\"or\",round(Q_f/1000,0),\"kW\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_PDhRwEh.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_PDhRwEh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 81311d47..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_PDhRwEh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,304 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 1:Fundmentals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.1,PAGE NUMBER:3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_0=-5+273;# K\n",
-    "T_1=35+273;# K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "COP=(T_0)/(T_1-T_0);# Coefficient of performance\n",
-    "print \"Carnot COP=\",round(COP,2),\"(error)\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.2,PAGE NUMBER:4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_f=80;# Final Temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_i=0;# Initial Temperature in °C\n",
-    "h_f=334.91;# The specific enthalpy of water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "C=h_f/(T_f-T_i);# The average specific heat capacity in kJ/(kg K)\n",
-    "print \"The average specific heat capacity is\",round(C,3),\"kJ/(kg K)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.3,PAGE NUMBER:4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "P=1.013;# Pressure in bar\n",
-    "h_fg=2257;# The latent heat of boiling water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T_b=100; # The boiling point temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "m=1; # The mass of water in kg\n",
-    "T_i=30; # The initial temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "C_p=4.19;# The specific heat of water in kJ/kg°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*((C_p*(T_b-T_i))+h_fg);# The quantity of heat added in kJ\n",
-    "print\"The quantity of heat added is\",round(Q,1),\"kJ\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.4,PAGE NUMBER:6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "V_1byV_2=2;# Volumetric ratio (given)\n",
-    "p_1=1.01325;# The atmospheric pressure in bar(101325 kPa)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "p_2=V_1byV_2*p_1;# The new pressure in bar\n",
-    "print\"The new pressure,p_2=\",round(p_2,4),\"bar(abs.)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.5,PAGE NUMBER:7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "V_1=0.75;# The initial volume in m**3\n",
-    "T_1=273+20; # The initial temperature of water in K\n",
-    "T_2=273+90; # The final temperature of water in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "V_2=V_1*(T_2/T_1);# The final volume in m**3\n",
-    "print\"The final volume,V_2=\",round(V_2,2),\"m**3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.6,PAGE NUMBER:7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R=287;# The specific gas constant in J/(kg K)\n",
-    "m=5; # The mass of ideal gas in kg\n",
-    "p=101.325;# The atmospheric pressure in kPa\n",
-    "T=273+25;# The temperature of an ideal gas in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "V=(m*R*T)/(p*1000);# The volume of an ideal gas in m**3\n",
-    "print\"The volume of an ideal gas is\",round(V,2),\"m**3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.7,PAGE NUMBER:7,8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "m_N=0.906;# The mass of nitrogen in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_N=297;# The specific gas constant of nitrogen in J/kg K\n",
-    "m_O=0.278;# The mass of oxygen in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_O=260;# The specific gas constant of oxygen in J/kg K\n",
-    "m_A=0.015;# The mass of argon in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_A=208;# The specific gas constant of argon in J/kg K\n",
-    "T=273.15+20;# The temperature of air in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "p_N=m_N*R_N*T;# The pressure of nitrogen in Pa\n",
-    "p_O=m_O*R_O*T;# The pressure of oxygen in Pa\n",
-    "p_A=m_A*R_A*T;# The pressure of argon in Pa\n",
-    "p_t=p_N+p_O+p_A;# The total pressure in Pa\n",
-    "print\"The total pressure is\",round(p_t,0),\"Pa\",\"(\",round(p_t/10**5,5),\"bar)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.8,PAGE NUMBER:8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "t=225;# The wall thickness in mm\n",
-    "k=0.60;# Thermal conductivity in W/(m K)\n",
-    "L=10;# Length in m\n",
-    "h=3;# Height in m\n",
-    "delT=25;# The temperature difference between the inside and outside faces in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q_t=(L*h*k*delT*1000)/(t);# The rate of heat conduction in W\n",
-    "print\"The rate of heat conduction,Q_t=\",round(Q_t,0),\"W\"\"(or)\",round(Q_t/1000,0),\"kW)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.9,PAGE NUMBER:10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "R_i=0.3;# The inside surface resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_c=1/2.8;# The thermal conductance of plastered surface in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_o=0.05;# The outside surface resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "R_t=R_i+R_c+R_o;# The total thermal resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "U=1/R_t;# The overall transmittance in W/(m**2 K)\n",
-    "print\"The overall transmittance,U=\",round(U,3),\" W/(m**2 K)\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.10,PAGE NUMBER:12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "T_f=3;# The temperature of fluid in °C\n",
-    "T_wi=11.5;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wo=6.4;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "A=420;# The surface area in m**2\n",
-    "U=110;# The thermal transmittance in W/(m**2 K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "delT_max=T_wi-T_f;# The maximum temperature difference in K\n",
-    "delT_min=T_wo-T_f;# The minimum temperature difference in K\n",
-    "LMTD=(delT_max-delT_min)/math.log(delT_max/delT_min);\n",
-    "Q_f=U*A*LMTD;# The amount of heat transfer in W\n",
-    "print\"The logarithmic mean temperature difference is\",round(LMTD,3),\"K\"\n",
-    "print\"The amount of heat transfer is\",round(Q_f,0),\"W (round off error)\",\"or\",round(Q_f/1000,0),\"kW\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_ns9T6LX.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_ns9T6LX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 81311d47..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_ns9T6LX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,304 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 1:Fundmentals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.1,PAGE NUMBER:3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_0=-5+273;# K\n",
-    "T_1=35+273;# K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "COP=(T_0)/(T_1-T_0);# Coefficient of performance\n",
-    "print \"Carnot COP=\",round(COP,2),\"(error)\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.2,PAGE NUMBER:4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_f=80;# Final Temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_i=0;# Initial Temperature in °C\n",
-    "h_f=334.91;# The specific enthalpy of water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "C=h_f/(T_f-T_i);# The average specific heat capacity in kJ/(kg K)\n",
-    "print \"The average specific heat capacity is\",round(C,3),\"kJ/(kg K)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.3,PAGE NUMBER:4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "P=1.013;# Pressure in bar\n",
-    "h_fg=2257;# The latent heat of boiling water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T_b=100; # The boiling point temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "m=1; # The mass of water in kg\n",
-    "T_i=30; # The initial temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "C_p=4.19;# The specific heat of water in kJ/kg°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*((C_p*(T_b-T_i))+h_fg);# The quantity of heat added in kJ\n",
-    "print\"The quantity of heat added is\",round(Q,1),\"kJ\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.4,PAGE NUMBER:6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "V_1byV_2=2;# Volumetric ratio (given)\n",
-    "p_1=1.01325;# The atmospheric pressure in bar(101325 kPa)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "p_2=V_1byV_2*p_1;# The new pressure in bar\n",
-    "print\"The new pressure,p_2=\",round(p_2,4),\"bar(abs.)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.5,PAGE NUMBER:7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "V_1=0.75;# The initial volume in m**3\n",
-    "T_1=273+20; # The initial temperature of water in K\n",
-    "T_2=273+90; # The final temperature of water in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "V_2=V_1*(T_2/T_1);# The final volume in m**3\n",
-    "print\"The final volume,V_2=\",round(V_2,2),\"m**3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.6,PAGE NUMBER:7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R=287;# The specific gas constant in J/(kg K)\n",
-    "m=5; # The mass of ideal gas in kg\n",
-    "p=101.325;# The atmospheric pressure in kPa\n",
-    "T=273+25;# The temperature of an ideal gas in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "V=(m*R*T)/(p*1000);# The volume of an ideal gas in m**3\n",
-    "print\"The volume of an ideal gas is\",round(V,2),\"m**3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.7,PAGE NUMBER:7,8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "m_N=0.906;# The mass of nitrogen in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_N=297;# The specific gas constant of nitrogen in J/kg K\n",
-    "m_O=0.278;# The mass of oxygen in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_O=260;# The specific gas constant of oxygen in J/kg K\n",
-    "m_A=0.015;# The mass of argon in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_A=208;# The specific gas constant of argon in J/kg K\n",
-    "T=273.15+20;# The temperature of air in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "p_N=m_N*R_N*T;# The pressure of nitrogen in Pa\n",
-    "p_O=m_O*R_O*T;# The pressure of oxygen in Pa\n",
-    "p_A=m_A*R_A*T;# The pressure of argon in Pa\n",
-    "p_t=p_N+p_O+p_A;# The total pressure in Pa\n",
-    "print\"The total pressure is\",round(p_t,0),\"Pa\",\"(\",round(p_t/10**5,5),\"bar)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.8,PAGE NUMBER:8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "t=225;# The wall thickness in mm\n",
-    "k=0.60;# Thermal conductivity in W/(m K)\n",
-    "L=10;# Length in m\n",
-    "h=3;# Height in m\n",
-    "delT=25;# The temperature difference between the inside and outside faces in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q_t=(L*h*k*delT*1000)/(t);# The rate of heat conduction in W\n",
-    "print\"The rate of heat conduction,Q_t=\",round(Q_t,0),\"W\"\"(or)\",round(Q_t/1000,0),\"kW)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.9,PAGE NUMBER:10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "R_i=0.3;# The inside surface resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_c=1/2.8;# The thermal conductance of plastered surface in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_o=0.05;# The outside surface resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "R_t=R_i+R_c+R_o;# The total thermal resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "U=1/R_t;# The overall transmittance in W/(m**2 K)\n",
-    "print\"The overall transmittance,U=\",round(U,3),\" W/(m**2 K)\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.10,PAGE NUMBER:12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "T_f=3;# The temperature of fluid in °C\n",
-    "T_wi=11.5;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wo=6.4;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "A=420;# The surface area in m**2\n",
-    "U=110;# The thermal transmittance in W/(m**2 K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "delT_max=T_wi-T_f;# The maximum temperature difference in K\n",
-    "delT_min=T_wo-T_f;# The minimum temperature difference in K\n",
-    "LMTD=(delT_max-delT_min)/math.log(delT_max/delT_min);\n",
-    "Q_f=U*A*LMTD;# The amount of heat transfer in W\n",
-    "print\"The logarithmic mean temperature difference is\",round(LMTD,3),\"K\"\n",
-    "print\"The amount of heat transfer is\",round(Q_f,0),\"W (round off error)\",\"or\",round(Q_f/1000,0),\"kW\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_vgHId0T.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_vgHId0T.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 81311d47..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_1_vgHId0T.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,304 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 1:Fundmentals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.1,PAGE NUMBER:3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_0=-5+273;# K\n",
-    "T_1=35+273;# K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "COP=(T_0)/(T_1-T_0);# Coefficient of performance\n",
-    "print \"Carnot COP=\",round(COP,2),\"(error)\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.2,PAGE NUMBER:4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_f=80;# Final Temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_i=0;# Initial Temperature in °C\n",
-    "h_f=334.91;# The specific enthalpy of water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "C=h_f/(T_f-T_i);# The average specific heat capacity in kJ/(kg K)\n",
-    "print \"The average specific heat capacity is\",round(C,3),\"kJ/(kg K)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.3,PAGE NUMBER:4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "P=1.013;# Pressure in bar\n",
-    "h_fg=2257;# The latent heat of boiling water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "T_b=100; # The boiling point temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "m=1; # The mass of water in kg\n",
-    "T_i=30; # The initial temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "C_p=4.19;# The specific heat of water in kJ/kg°C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m*((C_p*(T_b-T_i))+h_fg);# The quantity of heat added in kJ\n",
-    "print\"The quantity of heat added is\",round(Q,1),\"kJ\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.4,PAGE NUMBER:6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "V_1byV_2=2;# Volumetric ratio (given)\n",
-    "p_1=1.01325;# The atmospheric pressure in bar(101325 kPa)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "p_2=V_1byV_2*p_1;# The new pressure in bar\n",
-    "print\"The new pressure,p_2=\",round(p_2,4),\"bar(abs.)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.5,PAGE NUMBER:7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "V_1=0.75;# The initial volume in m**3\n",
-    "T_1=273+20; # The initial temperature of water in K\n",
-    "T_2=273+90; # The final temperature of water in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "V_2=V_1*(T_2/T_1);# The final volume in m**3\n",
-    "print\"The final volume,V_2=\",round(V_2,2),\"m**3\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.6,PAGE NUMBER:7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R=287;# The specific gas constant in J/(kg K)\n",
-    "m=5; # The mass of ideal gas in kg\n",
-    "p=101.325;# The atmospheric pressure in kPa\n",
-    "T=273+25;# The temperature of an ideal gas in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "V=(m*R*T)/(p*1000);# The volume of an ideal gas in m**3\n",
-    "print\"The volume of an ideal gas is\",round(V,2),\"m**3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.7,PAGE NUMBER:7,8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "m_N=0.906;# The mass of nitrogen in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_N=297;# The specific gas constant of nitrogen in J/kg K\n",
-    "m_O=0.278;# The mass of oxygen in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_O=260;# The specific gas constant of oxygen in J/kg K\n",
-    "m_A=0.015;# The mass of argon in a cubic metre of air in kg\n",
-    "R_A=208;# The specific gas constant of argon in J/kg K\n",
-    "T=273.15+20;# The temperature of air in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "p_N=m_N*R_N*T;# The pressure of nitrogen in Pa\n",
-    "p_O=m_O*R_O*T;# The pressure of oxygen in Pa\n",
-    "p_A=m_A*R_A*T;# The pressure of argon in Pa\n",
-    "p_t=p_N+p_O+p_A;# The total pressure in Pa\n",
-    "print\"The total pressure is\",round(p_t,0),\"Pa\",\"(\",round(p_t/10**5,5),\"bar)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.8,PAGE NUMBER:8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "t=225;# The wall thickness in mm\n",
-    "k=0.60;# Thermal conductivity in W/(m K)\n",
-    "L=10;# Length in m\n",
-    "h=3;# Height in m\n",
-    "delT=25;# The temperature difference between the inside and outside faces in K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q_t=(L*h*k*delT*1000)/(t);# The rate of heat conduction in W\n",
-    "print\"The rate of heat conduction,Q_t=\",round(Q_t,0),\"W\"\"(or)\",round(Q_t/1000,0),\"kW)\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.9,PAGE NUMBER:10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "R_i=0.3;# The inside surface resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_c=1/2.8;# The thermal conductance of plastered surface in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_o=0.05;# The outside surface resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "R_t=R_i+R_c+R_o;# The total thermal resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "U=1/R_t;# The overall transmittance in W/(m**2 K)\n",
-    "print\"The overall transmittance,U=\",round(U,3),\" W/(m**2 K)\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 1.10,PAGE NUMBER:12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declartion\n",
-    "T_f=3;# The temperature of fluid in °C\n",
-    "T_wi=11.5;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wo=6.4;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "A=420;# The surface area in m**2\n",
-    "U=110;# The thermal transmittance in W/(m**2 K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "delT_max=T_wi-T_f;# The maximum temperature difference in K\n",
-    "delT_min=T_wo-T_f;# The minimum temperature difference in K\n",
-    "LMTD=(delT_max-delT_min)/math.log(delT_max/delT_min);\n",
-    "Q_f=U*A*LMTD;# The amount of heat transfer in W\n",
-    "print\"The logarithmic mean temperature difference is\",round(LMTD,3),\"K\"\n",
-    "print\"The amount of heat transfer is\",round(Q_f,0),\"W (round off error)\",\"or\",round(Q_f/1000,0),\"kW\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_5zpY2y4.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_5zpY2y4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a769b073..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_5zpY2y4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,275 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 21:Air Treatment Fundamentals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.1,PAGE NUMBER:251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m_a=68;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "T_1=16;# The temperature of air at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_2=34;# The temperature of air at outlet in °C\n",
-    "T_win=85;# The temperature of hot water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wout=74;# The temperature of hot water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m_a*C_pa*(T_2-T_1);# Heat input in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q/(C_pw*(T_win-T_wout));# The mass flow rate of water in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nHeat input,Q=%4.0f kW \\nThe mass flow rate of water,Q=%2.0f kg/s\"%(Q,m_w)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.2,PAGE NUMBER:251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=500;# The amount of heat required for the building in kW\n",
-    "T=19;# The temperature at which air enters the heater coil in °C\n",
-    "m_a=68;# # The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "t=T+(Q/(m_a*C_pa));# The air supply temperature in °C\n",
-    "print\"The air-supply temperature,t=%2.1f°C\"%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.3,PAGE NUMBER:254"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_ra=21;# The temperature of the returning air \n",
-    "H=50;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d=28;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_w=20;# The wet bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "m_a=20;# The mass flow rate of returning air in kg/s\n",
-    "m_b=3;# The mass flow rate of outside air in kg/s\n",
-    "x_ra=0.0079;# The moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_oa=0.0111;# The moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "h_a=41.8;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_b=56.6;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Method (b)\n",
-    "t_c=((T_ra*m_a)+(T_d*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# °C\n",
-    "g_c=((x_ra*m_a)+(x_oa*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# kg/kg\n",
-    "h_c=((h_a*m_a)+(h_a*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# kJ/kg dry air\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe condition of the mixture,t_c=%2.1f°C\"%t_c\n",
-    "print\"\\n                             g_c=%0.4f kg/kg\"%g_c\n",
-    "print\"\\n                             h_c=%2.1f kJ/kg dry air\"%h_c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.5,PAGE NUMBER:257"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_s=100;# The temperature of steam in °C\n",
-    "T_d=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=50;#  % saturation\n",
-    "x_ab=0.0079;# Moisture content of air before in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_a=0.0067;# Moisture added in kg/kg\n",
-    "C_ps=1.972;# The specific heat capacity of the steam in kJ/kg°C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.006;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "x=x_ab+x_a;# Final moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "t=((x_a*C_ps*T_s)+(C_pa*T_d))/(((x_a*C_ps)+(C_pa)));# The final dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "print\"\\nFinal moisture content=%0.4f kg/kg \\nThe final dry bulb temperature,t=%2.2f°C\"%(x,t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.6,PAGE NUMBER:259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=23;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_w=5;# The temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "H=50;#  % saturation\n",
-    "n_s=0.7;# Saturation efficiency in %\n",
-    "x_a=0.0089;# Moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_b=0.0054;# Moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "print\"(a) By construction on the chart ( Figure 21.7 ), the final condition is 10.4°C dry bulb,82% saturation\"\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "T_d2=T_d1-(n_s*(T_d1-T_w));# The final dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "x_f=x_a-(n_s*(x_a-x_b));# kg/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\n(b)The final condition,\\n   The final dry bulb temperature=%2.1f°C \\n   The moisture content=%0.5f kg/kg\"%(T_d2,x_f)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.7,PAGE NUMBER:259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m_w=4;# The mass of water in kg\n",
-    "m_a=1;# The mass of air in kg\n",
-    "h_ab=45.79;# Enthalpy of air before in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_aa=26.7;# Enthalpy of air after in kJ/kg\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q_l=h_ab-h_aa;# Heat lost per kilogram air in kJ\n",
-    "Q_g=Q_l/m_w;# Heat gain per kilogram water in kJ\n",
-    "dT=Q_g/C_pw;# Temperature rise of water in K\n",
-    "print\"Temperature rise of water=%1.0f K\"%dT\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.8,PAGE NUMBER:261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=24;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_d2=7;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=45;#  % saturation\n",
-    "cf=0.78;# Contact factor\n",
-    "h_1=45.85;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=22.72;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a) By construction on the chart ( Figure 21.9 ), 10.7°C dry bulb, 85% saturation.\n",
-    "#(b) By calculation, the dry bulb will drop 78% of 24 to 7°C:\n",
-    "dT=T_d1-(cf*(T_d1-T_d2));# The drop in dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "dh=h_1-(cf*(h_1-h_2));# The drop in enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe drop in dry bulb temperature=%2.1f°C \\nThe drop in enthlpy=%2.2f kJ/kg\"%(dT,dh)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.10,PAGE NUMBER:262"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=23;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=40;# % saturation\n",
-    "SH=36;# The sensible heat to be removed in kW\n",
-    "LH=14;# The latent heat in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Plotting on the chart ( Figure 21.10 ) from 23°C/40% and using the ratio\n",
-    "R=SH/(SH+LH);\n",
-    "print\"The process line meets the saturation curve at - 1°C, giving the ADP (which meansthat condensate will collect on the fins as frost).\"\n",
-    "print\"Taking the ‘ off ’ condition at 5°C dry bulb and measuring the proportion along theprocess line gives a coil contact factor of 75%.\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_O1JzFce.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_O1JzFce.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a769b073..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_O1JzFce.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,275 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 21:Air Treatment Fundamentals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.1,PAGE NUMBER:251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m_a=68;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "T_1=16;# The temperature of air at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_2=34;# The temperature of air at outlet in °C\n",
-    "T_win=85;# The temperature of hot water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wout=74;# The temperature of hot water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m_a*C_pa*(T_2-T_1);# Heat input in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q/(C_pw*(T_win-T_wout));# The mass flow rate of water in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nHeat input,Q=%4.0f kW \\nThe mass flow rate of water,Q=%2.0f kg/s\"%(Q,m_w)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.2,PAGE NUMBER:251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=500;# The amount of heat required for the building in kW\n",
-    "T=19;# The temperature at which air enters the heater coil in °C\n",
-    "m_a=68;# # The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "t=T+(Q/(m_a*C_pa));# The air supply temperature in °C\n",
-    "print\"The air-supply temperature,t=%2.1f°C\"%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.3,PAGE NUMBER:254"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_ra=21;# The temperature of the returning air \n",
-    "H=50;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d=28;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_w=20;# The wet bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "m_a=20;# The mass flow rate of returning air in kg/s\n",
-    "m_b=3;# The mass flow rate of outside air in kg/s\n",
-    "x_ra=0.0079;# The moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_oa=0.0111;# The moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "h_a=41.8;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_b=56.6;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Method (b)\n",
-    "t_c=((T_ra*m_a)+(T_d*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# °C\n",
-    "g_c=((x_ra*m_a)+(x_oa*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# kg/kg\n",
-    "h_c=((h_a*m_a)+(h_a*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# kJ/kg dry air\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe condition of the mixture,t_c=%2.1f°C\"%t_c\n",
-    "print\"\\n                             g_c=%0.4f kg/kg\"%g_c\n",
-    "print\"\\n                             h_c=%2.1f kJ/kg dry air\"%h_c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.5,PAGE NUMBER:257"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_s=100;# The temperature of steam in °C\n",
-    "T_d=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=50;#  % saturation\n",
-    "x_ab=0.0079;# Moisture content of air before in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_a=0.0067;# Moisture added in kg/kg\n",
-    "C_ps=1.972;# The specific heat capacity of the steam in kJ/kg°C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.006;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "x=x_ab+x_a;# Final moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "t=((x_a*C_ps*T_s)+(C_pa*T_d))/(((x_a*C_ps)+(C_pa)));# The final dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "print\"\\nFinal moisture content=%0.4f kg/kg \\nThe final dry bulb temperature,t=%2.2f°C\"%(x,t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.6,PAGE NUMBER:259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=23;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_w=5;# The temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "H=50;#  % saturation\n",
-    "n_s=0.7;# Saturation efficiency in %\n",
-    "x_a=0.0089;# Moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_b=0.0054;# Moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "print\"(a) By construction on the chart ( Figure 21.7 ), the final condition is 10.4°C dry bulb,82% saturation\"\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "T_d2=T_d1-(n_s*(T_d1-T_w));# The final dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "x_f=x_a-(n_s*(x_a-x_b));# kg/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\n(b)The final condition,\\n   The final dry bulb temperature=%2.1f°C \\n   The moisture content=%0.5f kg/kg\"%(T_d2,x_f)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.7,PAGE NUMBER:259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m_w=4;# The mass of water in kg\n",
-    "m_a=1;# The mass of air in kg\n",
-    "h_ab=45.79;# Enthalpy of air before in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_aa=26.7;# Enthalpy of air after in kJ/kg\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q_l=h_ab-h_aa;# Heat lost per kilogram air in kJ\n",
-    "Q_g=Q_l/m_w;# Heat gain per kilogram water in kJ\n",
-    "dT=Q_g/C_pw;# Temperature rise of water in K\n",
-    "print\"Temperature rise of water=%1.0f K\"%dT\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.8,PAGE NUMBER:261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=24;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_d2=7;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=45;#  % saturation\n",
-    "cf=0.78;# Contact factor\n",
-    "h_1=45.85;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=22.72;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a) By construction on the chart ( Figure 21.9 ), 10.7°C dry bulb, 85% saturation.\n",
-    "#(b) By calculation, the dry bulb will drop 78% of 24 to 7°C:\n",
-    "dT=T_d1-(cf*(T_d1-T_d2));# The drop in dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "dh=h_1-(cf*(h_1-h_2));# The drop in enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe drop in dry bulb temperature=%2.1f°C \\nThe drop in enthlpy=%2.2f kJ/kg\"%(dT,dh)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.10,PAGE NUMBER:262"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=23;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=40;# % saturation\n",
-    "SH=36;# The sensible heat to be removed in kW\n",
-    "LH=14;# The latent heat in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Plotting on the chart ( Figure 21.10 ) from 23°C/40% and using the ratio\n",
-    "R=SH/(SH+LH);\n",
-    "print\"The process line meets the saturation curve at - 1°C, giving the ADP (which meansthat condensate will collect on the fins as frost).\"\n",
-    "print\"Taking the ‘ off ’ condition at 5°C dry bulb and measuring the proportion along theprocess line gives a coil contact factor of 75%.\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_RykneMO.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_RykneMO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a769b073..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_RykneMO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,275 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 21:Air Treatment Fundamentals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.1,PAGE NUMBER:251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m_a=68;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "T_1=16;# The temperature of air at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_2=34;# The temperature of air at outlet in °C\n",
-    "T_win=85;# The temperature of hot water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wout=74;# The temperature of hot water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m_a*C_pa*(T_2-T_1);# Heat input in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q/(C_pw*(T_win-T_wout));# The mass flow rate of water in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nHeat input,Q=%4.0f kW \\nThe mass flow rate of water,Q=%2.0f kg/s\"%(Q,m_w)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.2,PAGE NUMBER:251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=500;# The amount of heat required for the building in kW\n",
-    "T=19;# The temperature at which air enters the heater coil in °C\n",
-    "m_a=68;# # The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "t=T+(Q/(m_a*C_pa));# The air supply temperature in °C\n",
-    "print\"The air-supply temperature,t=%2.1f°C\"%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.3,PAGE NUMBER:254"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_ra=21;# The temperature of the returning air \n",
-    "H=50;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d=28;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_w=20;# The wet bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "m_a=20;# The mass flow rate of returning air in kg/s\n",
-    "m_b=3;# The mass flow rate of outside air in kg/s\n",
-    "x_ra=0.0079;# The moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_oa=0.0111;# The moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "h_a=41.8;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_b=56.6;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Method (b)\n",
-    "t_c=((T_ra*m_a)+(T_d*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# °C\n",
-    "g_c=((x_ra*m_a)+(x_oa*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# kg/kg\n",
-    "h_c=((h_a*m_a)+(h_a*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# kJ/kg dry air\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe condition of the mixture,t_c=%2.1f°C\"%t_c\n",
-    "print\"\\n                             g_c=%0.4f kg/kg\"%g_c\n",
-    "print\"\\n                             h_c=%2.1f kJ/kg dry air\"%h_c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.5,PAGE NUMBER:257"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_s=100;# The temperature of steam in °C\n",
-    "T_d=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=50;#  % saturation\n",
-    "x_ab=0.0079;# Moisture content of air before in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_a=0.0067;# Moisture added in kg/kg\n",
-    "C_ps=1.972;# The specific heat capacity of the steam in kJ/kg°C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.006;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "x=x_ab+x_a;# Final moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "t=((x_a*C_ps*T_s)+(C_pa*T_d))/(((x_a*C_ps)+(C_pa)));# The final dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "print\"\\nFinal moisture content=%0.4f kg/kg \\nThe final dry bulb temperature,t=%2.2f°C\"%(x,t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.6,PAGE NUMBER:259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=23;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_w=5;# The temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "H=50;#  % saturation\n",
-    "n_s=0.7;# Saturation efficiency in %\n",
-    "x_a=0.0089;# Moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_b=0.0054;# Moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "print\"(a) By construction on the chart ( Figure 21.7 ), the final condition is 10.4°C dry bulb,82% saturation\"\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "T_d2=T_d1-(n_s*(T_d1-T_w));# The final dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "x_f=x_a-(n_s*(x_a-x_b));# kg/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\n(b)The final condition,\\n   The final dry bulb temperature=%2.1f°C \\n   The moisture content=%0.5f kg/kg\"%(T_d2,x_f)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.7,PAGE NUMBER:259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m_w=4;# The mass of water in kg\n",
-    "m_a=1;# The mass of air in kg\n",
-    "h_ab=45.79;# Enthalpy of air before in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_aa=26.7;# Enthalpy of air after in kJ/kg\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q_l=h_ab-h_aa;# Heat lost per kilogram air in kJ\n",
-    "Q_g=Q_l/m_w;# Heat gain per kilogram water in kJ\n",
-    "dT=Q_g/C_pw;# Temperature rise of water in K\n",
-    "print\"Temperature rise of water=%1.0f K\"%dT\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.8,PAGE NUMBER:261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=24;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_d2=7;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=45;#  % saturation\n",
-    "cf=0.78;# Contact factor\n",
-    "h_1=45.85;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=22.72;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a) By construction on the chart ( Figure 21.9 ), 10.7°C dry bulb, 85% saturation.\n",
-    "#(b) By calculation, the dry bulb will drop 78% of 24 to 7°C:\n",
-    "dT=T_d1-(cf*(T_d1-T_d2));# The drop in dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "dh=h_1-(cf*(h_1-h_2));# The drop in enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe drop in dry bulb temperature=%2.1f°C \\nThe drop in enthlpy=%2.2f kJ/kg\"%(dT,dh)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.10,PAGE NUMBER:262"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=23;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=40;# % saturation\n",
-    "SH=36;# The sensible heat to be removed in kW\n",
-    "LH=14;# The latent heat in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Plotting on the chart ( Figure 21.10 ) from 23°C/40% and using the ratio\n",
-    "R=SH/(SH+LH);\n",
-    "print\"The process line meets the saturation curve at - 1°C, giving the ADP (which meansthat condensate will collect on the fins as frost).\"\n",
-    "print\"Taking the ‘ off ’ condition at 5°C dry bulb and measuring the proportion along theprocess line gives a coil contact factor of 75%.\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_l3d3qF6.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_l3d3qF6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a769b073..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_l3d3qF6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,275 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 21:Air Treatment Fundamentals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.1,PAGE NUMBER:251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m_a=68;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "T_1=16;# The temperature of air at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_2=34;# The temperature of air at outlet in °C\n",
-    "T_win=85;# The temperature of hot water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wout=74;# The temperature of hot water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m_a*C_pa*(T_2-T_1);# Heat input in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q/(C_pw*(T_win-T_wout));# The mass flow rate of water in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nHeat input,Q=%4.0f kW \\nThe mass flow rate of water,Q=%2.0f kg/s\"%(Q,m_w)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.2,PAGE NUMBER:251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=500;# The amount of heat required for the building in kW\n",
-    "T=19;# The temperature at which air enters the heater coil in °C\n",
-    "m_a=68;# # The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "t=T+(Q/(m_a*C_pa));# The air supply temperature in °C\n",
-    "print\"The air-supply temperature,t=%2.1f°C\"%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.3,PAGE NUMBER:254"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_ra=21;# The temperature of the returning air \n",
-    "H=50;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d=28;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_w=20;# The wet bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "m_a=20;# The mass flow rate of returning air in kg/s\n",
-    "m_b=3;# The mass flow rate of outside air in kg/s\n",
-    "x_ra=0.0079;# The moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_oa=0.0111;# The moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "h_a=41.8;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_b=56.6;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Method (b)\n",
-    "t_c=((T_ra*m_a)+(T_d*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# °C\n",
-    "g_c=((x_ra*m_a)+(x_oa*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# kg/kg\n",
-    "h_c=((h_a*m_a)+(h_a*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# kJ/kg dry air\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe condition of the mixture,t_c=%2.1f°C\"%t_c\n",
-    "print\"\\n                             g_c=%0.4f kg/kg\"%g_c\n",
-    "print\"\\n                             h_c=%2.1f kJ/kg dry air\"%h_c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.5,PAGE NUMBER:257"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_s=100;# The temperature of steam in °C\n",
-    "T_d=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=50;#  % saturation\n",
-    "x_ab=0.0079;# Moisture content of air before in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_a=0.0067;# Moisture added in kg/kg\n",
-    "C_ps=1.972;# The specific heat capacity of the steam in kJ/kg°C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.006;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "x=x_ab+x_a;# Final moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "t=((x_a*C_ps*T_s)+(C_pa*T_d))/(((x_a*C_ps)+(C_pa)));# The final dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "print\"\\nFinal moisture content=%0.4f kg/kg \\nThe final dry bulb temperature,t=%2.2f°C\"%(x,t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.6,PAGE NUMBER:259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=23;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_w=5;# The temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "H=50;#  % saturation\n",
-    "n_s=0.7;# Saturation efficiency in %\n",
-    "x_a=0.0089;# Moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_b=0.0054;# Moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "print\"(a) By construction on the chart ( Figure 21.7 ), the final condition is 10.4°C dry bulb,82% saturation\"\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "T_d2=T_d1-(n_s*(T_d1-T_w));# The final dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "x_f=x_a-(n_s*(x_a-x_b));# kg/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\n(b)The final condition,\\n   The final dry bulb temperature=%2.1f°C \\n   The moisture content=%0.5f kg/kg\"%(T_d2,x_f)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.7,PAGE NUMBER:259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m_w=4;# The mass of water in kg\n",
-    "m_a=1;# The mass of air in kg\n",
-    "h_ab=45.79;# Enthalpy of air before in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_aa=26.7;# Enthalpy of air after in kJ/kg\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q_l=h_ab-h_aa;# Heat lost per kilogram air in kJ\n",
-    "Q_g=Q_l/m_w;# Heat gain per kilogram water in kJ\n",
-    "dT=Q_g/C_pw;# Temperature rise of water in K\n",
-    "print\"Temperature rise of water=%1.0f K\"%dT\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.8,PAGE NUMBER:261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=24;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_d2=7;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=45;#  % saturation\n",
-    "cf=0.78;# Contact factor\n",
-    "h_1=45.85;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=22.72;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a) By construction on the chart ( Figure 21.9 ), 10.7°C dry bulb, 85% saturation.\n",
-    "#(b) By calculation, the dry bulb will drop 78% of 24 to 7°C:\n",
-    "dT=T_d1-(cf*(T_d1-T_d2));# The drop in dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "dh=h_1-(cf*(h_1-h_2));# The drop in enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe drop in dry bulb temperature=%2.1f°C \\nThe drop in enthlpy=%2.2f kJ/kg\"%(dT,dh)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.10,PAGE NUMBER:262"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=23;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=40;# % saturation\n",
-    "SH=36;# The sensible heat to be removed in kW\n",
-    "LH=14;# The latent heat in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Plotting on the chart ( Figure 21.10 ) from 23°C/40% and using the ratio\n",
-    "R=SH/(SH+LH);\n",
-    "print\"The process line meets the saturation curve at - 1°C, giving the ADP (which meansthat condensate will collect on the fins as frost).\"\n",
-    "print\"Taking the ‘ off ’ condition at 5°C dry bulb and measuring the proportion along theprocess line gives a coil contact factor of 75%.\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_yZzRyFF.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_yZzRyFF.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a769b073..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_21_yZzRyFF.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,275 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 21:Air Treatment Fundamentals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.1,PAGE NUMBER:251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m_a=68;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "T_1=16;# The temperature of air at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_2=34;# The temperature of air at outlet in °C\n",
-    "T_win=85;# The temperature of hot water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wout=74;# The temperature of hot water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=m_a*C_pa*(T_2-T_1);# Heat input in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q/(C_pw*(T_win-T_wout));# The mass flow rate of water in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nHeat input,Q=%4.0f kW \\nThe mass flow rate of water,Q=%2.0f kg/s\"%(Q,m_w)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.2,PAGE NUMBER:251"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q=500;# The amount of heat required for the building in kW\n",
-    "T=19;# The temperature at which air enters the heater coil in °C\n",
-    "m_a=68;# # The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "t=T+(Q/(m_a*C_pa));# The air supply temperature in °C\n",
-    "print\"The air-supply temperature,t=%2.1f°C\"%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.3,PAGE NUMBER:254"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_ra=21;# The temperature of the returning air \n",
-    "H=50;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d=28;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_w=20;# The wet bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "m_a=20;# The mass flow rate of returning air in kg/s\n",
-    "m_b=3;# The mass flow rate of outside air in kg/s\n",
-    "x_ra=0.0079;# The moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_oa=0.0111;# The moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "h_a=41.8;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_b=56.6;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Method (b)\n",
-    "t_c=((T_ra*m_a)+(T_d*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# °C\n",
-    "g_c=((x_ra*m_a)+(x_oa*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# kg/kg\n",
-    "h_c=((h_a*m_a)+(h_a*m_b))/(m_a+m_b);# kJ/kg dry air\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe condition of the mixture,t_c=%2.1f°C\"%t_c\n",
-    "print\"\\n                             g_c=%0.4f kg/kg\"%g_c\n",
-    "print\"\\n                             h_c=%2.1f kJ/kg dry air\"%h_c"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.5,PAGE NUMBER:257"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_s=100;# The temperature of steam in °C\n",
-    "T_d=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=50;#  % saturation\n",
-    "x_ab=0.0079;# Moisture content of air before in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_a=0.0067;# Moisture added in kg/kg\n",
-    "C_ps=1.972;# The specific heat capacity of the steam in kJ/kg°C\n",
-    "C_pa=1.006;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "x=x_ab+x_a;# Final moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "t=((x_a*C_ps*T_s)+(C_pa*T_d))/(((x_a*C_ps)+(C_pa)));# The final dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "print\"\\nFinal moisture content=%0.4f kg/kg \\nThe final dry bulb temperature,t=%2.2f°C\"%(x,t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.6,PAGE NUMBER:259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=23;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_w=5;# The temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "H=50;#  % saturation\n",
-    "n_s=0.7;# Saturation efficiency in %\n",
-    "x_a=0.0089;# Moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_b=0.0054;# Moisture content in kg/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "print\"(a) By construction on the chart ( Figure 21.7 ), the final condition is 10.4°C dry bulb,82% saturation\"\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "T_d2=T_d1-(n_s*(T_d1-T_w));# The final dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "x_f=x_a-(n_s*(x_a-x_b));# kg/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\n(b)The final condition,\\n   The final dry bulb temperature=%2.1f°C \\n   The moisture content=%0.5f kg/kg\"%(T_d2,x_f)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.7,PAGE NUMBER:259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "m_w=4;# The mass of water in kg\n",
-    "m_a=1;# The mass of air in kg\n",
-    "h_ab=45.79;# Enthalpy of air before in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_aa=26.7;# Enthalpy of air after in kJ/kg\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q_l=h_ab-h_aa;# Heat lost per kilogram air in kJ\n",
-    "Q_g=Q_l/m_w;# Heat gain per kilogram water in kJ\n",
-    "dT=Q_g/C_pw;# Temperature rise of water in K\n",
-    "print\"Temperature rise of water=%1.0f K\"%dT\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.8,PAGE NUMBER:261"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=24;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_d2=7;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=45;#  % saturation\n",
-    "cf=0.78;# Contact factor\n",
-    "h_1=45.85;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_2=22.72;# The enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "#(a) By construction on the chart ( Figure 21.9 ), 10.7°C dry bulb, 85% saturation.\n",
-    "#(b) By calculation, the dry bulb will drop 78% of 24 to 7°C:\n",
-    "dT=T_d1-(cf*(T_d1-T_d2));# The drop in dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "dh=h_1-(cf*(h_1-h_2));# The drop in enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe drop in dry bulb temperature=%2.1f°C \\nThe drop in enthlpy=%2.2f kJ/kg\"%(dT,dh)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 21.10,PAGE NUMBER:262"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=23;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=40;# % saturation\n",
-    "SH=36;# The sensible heat to be removed in kW\n",
-    "LH=14;# The latent heat in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# Plotting on the chart ( Figure 21.10 ) from 23°C/40% and using the ratio\n",
-    "R=SH/(SH+LH);\n",
-    "print\"The process line meets the saturation curve at - 1°C, giving the ADP (which meansthat condensate will collect on the fins as frost).\"\n",
-    "print\"Taking the ‘ off ’ condition at 5°C dry bulb and measuring the proportion along theprocess line gives a coil contact factor of 75%.\"\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_FKhy6lK.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_FKhy6lK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index eb85362f..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_FKhy6lK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 22:Practical Air Treatment Cycles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 22.1,PAGE NUMBER:270"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=37;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "H=24;# % saturation\n",
-    "n_s=75;# Saturation efficiency in %\n",
-    "h=62.67;# The entering enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# By construction on the chart, or from tables, the ultimate saturation condition would be 21.5°C, and 75% of the drop from 37°C to 21.5°C gives a fi nal dry bulb of 25.4°C.\n",
-    "h_fg=2425;# The average latent heat of water over the working range in kJ/kg\n",
-    "q=(h_fg)**-1;# The amount of water to be evaporated in kg/(s kW)\n",
-    "print\"The amount of water to be evaporated is %0.0e kg/(s kW)\"%q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.2,PAGE NUMBER:271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=37;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_w=25.4;# The cooling temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "cf=0.80;# Contact factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "T_df=T_d-(cf*(T_d-T_w));# The dry bulb temperature (final) in °C\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe dry bulb temperature (final)=%2.1f°C (point D , Figure 22.4b )\"%T_df\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe wet bulb is now 18.9°C and the enthalpy is 53 kJ/kg.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.3,PAGE NUMBER:271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=26;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_w=20;# The wet bulb temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "T_win=29;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wout=24;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=C_pw*(T_win-T_wout);# Heat from water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_ain=57.1;# Enthalpy of entering air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_aout=78.1;# Enthalpy of leaving air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\nHeat from water=%2.0f kJ/kg \\nEnthalpy of entering air=57.1 kJ/kg \\nEnthalpy of leaving air=78.1 kJ/kg\"%Q\n",
-    "print\"From the chart, the air leaves at approximately 25.7°C dry bulb.\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_MFSDaSz.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_MFSDaSz.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index eb85362f..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_MFSDaSz.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 22:Practical Air Treatment Cycles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 22.1,PAGE NUMBER:270"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=37;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "H=24;# % saturation\n",
-    "n_s=75;# Saturation efficiency in %\n",
-    "h=62.67;# The entering enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# By construction on the chart, or from tables, the ultimate saturation condition would be 21.5°C, and 75% of the drop from 37°C to 21.5°C gives a fi nal dry bulb of 25.4°C.\n",
-    "h_fg=2425;# The average latent heat of water over the working range in kJ/kg\n",
-    "q=(h_fg)**-1;# The amount of water to be evaporated in kg/(s kW)\n",
-    "print\"The amount of water to be evaporated is %0.0e kg/(s kW)\"%q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.2,PAGE NUMBER:271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=37;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_w=25.4;# The cooling temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "cf=0.80;# Contact factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "T_df=T_d-(cf*(T_d-T_w));# The dry bulb temperature (final) in °C\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe dry bulb temperature (final)=%2.1f°C (point D , Figure 22.4b )\"%T_df\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe wet bulb is now 18.9°C and the enthalpy is 53 kJ/kg.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.3,PAGE NUMBER:271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=26;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_w=20;# The wet bulb temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "T_win=29;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wout=24;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=C_pw*(T_win-T_wout);# Heat from water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_ain=57.1;# Enthalpy of entering air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_aout=78.1;# Enthalpy of leaving air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\nHeat from water=%2.0f kJ/kg \\nEnthalpy of entering air=57.1 kJ/kg \\nEnthalpy of leaving air=78.1 kJ/kg\"%Q\n",
-    "print\"From the chart, the air leaves at approximately 25.7°C dry bulb.\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_ToIiyPY.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_ToIiyPY.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index eb85362f..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_ToIiyPY.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 22:Practical Air Treatment Cycles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 22.1,PAGE NUMBER:270"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=37;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "H=24;# % saturation\n",
-    "n_s=75;# Saturation efficiency in %\n",
-    "h=62.67;# The entering enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# By construction on the chart, or from tables, the ultimate saturation condition would be 21.5°C, and 75% of the drop from 37°C to 21.5°C gives a fi nal dry bulb of 25.4°C.\n",
-    "h_fg=2425;# The average latent heat of water over the working range in kJ/kg\n",
-    "q=(h_fg)**-1;# The amount of water to be evaporated in kg/(s kW)\n",
-    "print\"The amount of water to be evaporated is %0.0e kg/(s kW)\"%q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.2,PAGE NUMBER:271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=37;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_w=25.4;# The cooling temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "cf=0.80;# Contact factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "T_df=T_d-(cf*(T_d-T_w));# The dry bulb temperature (final) in °C\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe dry bulb temperature (final)=%2.1f°C (point D , Figure 22.4b )\"%T_df\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe wet bulb is now 18.9°C and the enthalpy is 53 kJ/kg.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.3,PAGE NUMBER:271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=26;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_w=20;# The wet bulb temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "T_win=29;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wout=24;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=C_pw*(T_win-T_wout);# Heat from water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_ain=57.1;# Enthalpy of entering air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_aout=78.1;# Enthalpy of leaving air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\nHeat from water=%2.0f kJ/kg \\nEnthalpy of entering air=57.1 kJ/kg \\nEnthalpy of leaving air=78.1 kJ/kg\"%Q\n",
-    "print\"From the chart, the air leaves at approximately 25.7°C dry bulb.\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_XcVbXKK.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_XcVbXKK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index eb85362f..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_XcVbXKK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 22:Practical Air Treatment Cycles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 22.1,PAGE NUMBER:270"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=37;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "H=24;# % saturation\n",
-    "n_s=75;# Saturation efficiency in %\n",
-    "h=62.67;# The entering enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# By construction on the chart, or from tables, the ultimate saturation condition would be 21.5°C, and 75% of the drop from 37°C to 21.5°C gives a fi nal dry bulb of 25.4°C.\n",
-    "h_fg=2425;# The average latent heat of water over the working range in kJ/kg\n",
-    "q=(h_fg)**-1;# The amount of water to be evaporated in kg/(s kW)\n",
-    "print\"The amount of water to be evaporated is %0.0e kg/(s kW)\"%q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.2,PAGE NUMBER:271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=37;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_w=25.4;# The cooling temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "cf=0.80;# Contact factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "T_df=T_d-(cf*(T_d-T_w));# The dry bulb temperature (final) in °C\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe dry bulb temperature (final)=%2.1f°C (point D , Figure 22.4b )\"%T_df\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe wet bulb is now 18.9°C and the enthalpy is 53 kJ/kg.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.3,PAGE NUMBER:271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=26;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_w=20;# The wet bulb temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "T_win=29;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wout=24;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=C_pw*(T_win-T_wout);# Heat from water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_ain=57.1;# Enthalpy of entering air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_aout=78.1;# Enthalpy of leaving air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\nHeat from water=%2.0f kJ/kg \\nEnthalpy of entering air=57.1 kJ/kg \\nEnthalpy of leaving air=78.1 kJ/kg\"%Q\n",
-    "print\"From the chart, the air leaves at approximately 25.7°C dry bulb.\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_kwyAUPQ.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_kwyAUPQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index eb85362f..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_22_kwyAUPQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 22:Practical Air Treatment Cycles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 22.1,PAGE NUMBER:270"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=37;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "H=24;# % saturation\n",
-    "n_s=75;# Saturation efficiency in %\n",
-    "h=62.67;# The entering enthalpy in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "# By construction on the chart, or from tables, the ultimate saturation condition would be 21.5°C, and 75% of the drop from 37°C to 21.5°C gives a fi nal dry bulb of 25.4°C.\n",
-    "h_fg=2425;# The average latent heat of water over the working range in kJ/kg\n",
-    "q=(h_fg)**-1;# The amount of water to be evaporated in kg/(s kW)\n",
-    "print\"The amount of water to be evaporated is %0.0e kg/(s kW)\"%q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.2,PAGE NUMBER:271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=37;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_w=25.4;# The cooling temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "cf=0.80;# Contact factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "T_df=T_d-(cf*(T_d-T_w));# The dry bulb temperature (final) in °C\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe dry bulb temperature (final)=%2.1f°C (point D , Figure 22.4b )\"%T_df\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe wet bulb is now 18.9°C and the enthalpy is 53 kJ/kg.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 22.3,PAGE NUMBER:271"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d=26;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_w=20;# The wet bulb temperature of water in °C\n",
-    "T_win=29;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C\n",
-    "T_wout=24;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=C_pw*(T_win-T_wout);# Heat from water in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_ain=57.1;# Enthalpy of entering air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_aout=78.1;# Enthalpy of leaving air in kJ/kg\n",
-    "print\"\\nHeat from water=%2.0f kJ/kg \\nEnthalpy of entering air=57.1 kJ/kg \\nEnthalpy of leaving air=78.1 kJ/kg\"%Q\n",
-    "print\"From the chart, the air leaves at approximately 25.7°C dry bulb.\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_Sc6yNS4.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_Sc6yNS4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ff7d9550..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_Sc6yNS4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 23:Air-Conditioning Load Estimation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.1,PAGE NUMBER:275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R_si=0.3;# The inside resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_1=0.040/0.09;# The thermal resistance of concrete panels in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_2=0.050/0.037;# The thermal resistance of insulation in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_3=0.012/0.16;# The thermal resistance of plaster board in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_so=0.07;# The outside resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "U=1/(R_si+R_1+R_2+R_3+R_so);# U factor in W/(m**2 K)\n",
-    "print\"U factor=%0.2f W/(m**2 K)\"%U"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.2,PAGE NUMBER:278"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=21;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "H=45;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d2=27;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_wb1=20;# The wet bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "m=1.35;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "C_pa=1.006;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    " # 1.Total heat:\n",
-    "h_2=57.00;# Enthalpy at 27°C DB, 20°C WB in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_1=39.08;# Enthalpy at 21°C DB, 45% sat in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh=17.92;# Heat to be removed in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Q_t=dh*m;# Total heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Total heat,Q_t=%2.1f kW\"% Q_t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# 2.Latent heat:\n",
-    "x_2=0.0117;# Moisture at 27°C DB, 20°C WB in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_1=0.0070;# Moisture at 21°C DB, 45% sat in kg/kg\n",
-    "dx=x_2-x_1;# Moisture to be removed in kg/kg\n",
-    "Q_l=dx*m*2440;# Latent heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Latent heat,Q_l=%2.1f kW\"% Q_l\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# 3.Sensible heat:\n",
-    "Q_s=(C_pa+((C_pw*x_2)))*(T_d2-T_d1)*m;# Sensible heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Sensible heat,Q_s=%1.1f kW\"% Q_s"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.3,PAGE NUMBER:280"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q_tl=15;# Total lighting load\n",
-    "P_ra=90;# % of load taken from return air\n",
-    "P_a=25;# % of load rejected to ambient\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q_ra=Q_tl*(P_ra*10**-2);# Picked up by return air in kW\n",
-    "Q_a=Q_ra*(P_a*10**-2);# Rejected to ambient in kW\n",
-    "Q_net=Q_tl-Q_a;# Net room load in kW \n",
-    "print\"\\nNet room load=%2.3f kW\"%Q_net"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_doRxHZS.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_doRxHZS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ff7d9550..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_doRxHZS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 23:Air-Conditioning Load Estimation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.1,PAGE NUMBER:275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R_si=0.3;# The inside resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_1=0.040/0.09;# The thermal resistance of concrete panels in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_2=0.050/0.037;# The thermal resistance of insulation in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_3=0.012/0.16;# The thermal resistance of plaster board in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_so=0.07;# The outside resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "U=1/(R_si+R_1+R_2+R_3+R_so);# U factor in W/(m**2 K)\n",
-    "print\"U factor=%0.2f W/(m**2 K)\"%U"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.2,PAGE NUMBER:278"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=21;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "H=45;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d2=27;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_wb1=20;# The wet bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "m=1.35;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "C_pa=1.006;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    " # 1.Total heat:\n",
-    "h_2=57.00;# Enthalpy at 27°C DB, 20°C WB in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_1=39.08;# Enthalpy at 21°C DB, 45% sat in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh=17.92;# Heat to be removed in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Q_t=dh*m;# Total heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Total heat,Q_t=%2.1f kW\"% Q_t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# 2.Latent heat:\n",
-    "x_2=0.0117;# Moisture at 27°C DB, 20°C WB in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_1=0.0070;# Moisture at 21°C DB, 45% sat in kg/kg\n",
-    "dx=x_2-x_1;# Moisture to be removed in kg/kg\n",
-    "Q_l=dx*m*2440;# Latent heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Latent heat,Q_l=%2.1f kW\"% Q_l\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# 3.Sensible heat:\n",
-    "Q_s=(C_pa+((C_pw*x_2)))*(T_d2-T_d1)*m;# Sensible heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Sensible heat,Q_s=%1.1f kW\"% Q_s"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.3,PAGE NUMBER:280"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q_tl=15;# Total lighting load\n",
-    "P_ra=90;# % of load taken from return air\n",
-    "P_a=25;# % of load rejected to ambient\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q_ra=Q_tl*(P_ra*10**-2);# Picked up by return air in kW\n",
-    "Q_a=Q_ra*(P_a*10**-2);# Rejected to ambient in kW\n",
-    "Q_net=Q_tl-Q_a;# Net room load in kW \n",
-    "print\"\\nNet room load=%2.3f kW\"%Q_net"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_udqphKT.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_udqphKT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ff7d9550..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_udqphKT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 23:Air-Conditioning Load Estimation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.1,PAGE NUMBER:275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R_si=0.3;# The inside resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_1=0.040/0.09;# The thermal resistance of concrete panels in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_2=0.050/0.037;# The thermal resistance of insulation in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_3=0.012/0.16;# The thermal resistance of plaster board in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_so=0.07;# The outside resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "U=1/(R_si+R_1+R_2+R_3+R_so);# U factor in W/(m**2 K)\n",
-    "print\"U factor=%0.2f W/(m**2 K)\"%U"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.2,PAGE NUMBER:278"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=21;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "H=45;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d2=27;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_wb1=20;# The wet bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "m=1.35;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "C_pa=1.006;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    " # 1.Total heat:\n",
-    "h_2=57.00;# Enthalpy at 27°C DB, 20°C WB in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_1=39.08;# Enthalpy at 21°C DB, 45% sat in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh=17.92;# Heat to be removed in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Q_t=dh*m;# Total heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Total heat,Q_t=%2.1f kW\"% Q_t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# 2.Latent heat:\n",
-    "x_2=0.0117;# Moisture at 27°C DB, 20°C WB in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_1=0.0070;# Moisture at 21°C DB, 45% sat in kg/kg\n",
-    "dx=x_2-x_1;# Moisture to be removed in kg/kg\n",
-    "Q_l=dx*m*2440;# Latent heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Latent heat,Q_l=%2.1f kW\"% Q_l\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# 3.Sensible heat:\n",
-    "Q_s=(C_pa+((C_pw*x_2)))*(T_d2-T_d1)*m;# Sensible heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Sensible heat,Q_s=%1.1f kW\"% Q_s"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.3,PAGE NUMBER:280"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q_tl=15;# Total lighting load\n",
-    "P_ra=90;# % of load taken from return air\n",
-    "P_a=25;# % of load rejected to ambient\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q_ra=Q_tl*(P_ra*10**-2);# Picked up by return air in kW\n",
-    "Q_a=Q_ra*(P_a*10**-2);# Rejected to ambient in kW\n",
-    "Q_net=Q_tl-Q_a;# Net room load in kW \n",
-    "print\"\\nNet room load=%2.3f kW\"%Q_net"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_y2EbTwU.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_y2EbTwU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ff7d9550..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_y2EbTwU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 23:Air-Conditioning Load Estimation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.1,PAGE NUMBER:275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R_si=0.3;# The inside resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_1=0.040/0.09;# The thermal resistance of concrete panels in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_2=0.050/0.037;# The thermal resistance of insulation in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_3=0.012/0.16;# The thermal resistance of plaster board in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_so=0.07;# The outside resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "U=1/(R_si+R_1+R_2+R_3+R_so);# U factor in W/(m**2 K)\n",
-    "print\"U factor=%0.2f W/(m**2 K)\"%U"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.2,PAGE NUMBER:278"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=21;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "H=45;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d2=27;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_wb1=20;# The wet bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "m=1.35;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "C_pa=1.006;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    " # 1.Total heat:\n",
-    "h_2=57.00;# Enthalpy at 27°C DB, 20°C WB in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_1=39.08;# Enthalpy at 21°C DB, 45% sat in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh=17.92;# Heat to be removed in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Q_t=dh*m;# Total heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Total heat,Q_t=%2.1f kW\"% Q_t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# 2.Latent heat:\n",
-    "x_2=0.0117;# Moisture at 27°C DB, 20°C WB in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_1=0.0070;# Moisture at 21°C DB, 45% sat in kg/kg\n",
-    "dx=x_2-x_1;# Moisture to be removed in kg/kg\n",
-    "Q_l=dx*m*2440;# Latent heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Latent heat,Q_l=%2.1f kW\"% Q_l\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# 3.Sensible heat:\n",
-    "Q_s=(C_pa+((C_pw*x_2)))*(T_d2-T_d1)*m;# Sensible heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Sensible heat,Q_s=%1.1f kW\"% Q_s"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.3,PAGE NUMBER:280"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q_tl=15;# Total lighting load\n",
-    "P_ra=90;# % of load taken from return air\n",
-    "P_a=25;# % of load rejected to ambient\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q_ra=Q_tl*(P_ra*10**-2);# Picked up by return air in kW\n",
-    "Q_a=Q_ra*(P_a*10**-2);# Rejected to ambient in kW\n",
-    "Q_net=Q_tl-Q_a;# Net room load in kW \n",
-    "print\"\\nNet room load=%2.3f kW\"%Q_net"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_zBUQm4B.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_zBUQm4B.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ff7d9550..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_23_zBUQm4B.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 23:Air-Conditioning Load Estimation"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.1,PAGE NUMBER:275"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "R_si=0.3;# The inside resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_1=0.040/0.09;# The thermal resistance of concrete panels in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_2=0.050/0.037;# The thermal resistance of insulation in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_3=0.012/0.16;# The thermal resistance of plaster board in  (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "R_so=0.07;# The outside resistance in (m**2 K)/W\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "U=1/(R_si+R_1+R_2+R_3+R_so);# U factor in W/(m**2 K)\n",
-    "print\"U factor=%0.2f W/(m**2 K)\"%U"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.2,PAGE NUMBER:278"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=21;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "H=45;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d2=27;# The dry bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "T_wb1=20;# The wet bulb temperature of air in °C\n",
-    "m=1.35;# The mass flow rate of air in kg/s\n",
-    "C_pa=1.006;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat capacity of water in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    " # 1.Total heat:\n",
-    "h_2=57.00;# Enthalpy at 27°C DB, 20°C WB in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_1=39.08;# Enthalpy at 21°C DB, 45% sat in kJ/kg\n",
-    "dh=17.92;# Heat to be removed in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Q_t=dh*m;# Total heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Total heat,Q_t=%2.1f kW\"% Q_t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# 2.Latent heat:\n",
-    "x_2=0.0117;# Moisture at 27°C DB, 20°C WB in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_1=0.0070;# Moisture at 21°C DB, 45% sat in kg/kg\n",
-    "dx=x_2-x_1;# Moisture to be removed in kg/kg\n",
-    "Q_l=dx*m*2440;# Latent heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Latent heat,Q_l=%2.1f kW\"% Q_l\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# 3.Sensible heat:\n",
-    "Q_s=(C_pa+((C_pw*x_2)))*(T_d2-T_d1)*m;# Sensible heat in kW\n",
-    "print\"Sensible heat,Q_s=%1.1f kW\"% Q_s"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 23.3,PAGE NUMBER:280"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q_tl=15;# Total lighting load\n",
-    "P_ra=90;# % of load taken from return air\n",
-    "P_a=25;# % of load rejected to ambient\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Q_ra=Q_tl*(P_ra*10**-2);# Picked up by return air in kW\n",
-    "Q_a=Q_ra*(P_a*10**-2);# Rejected to ambient in kW\n",
-    "Q_net=Q_tl-Q_a;# Net room load in kW \n",
-    "print\"\\nNet room load=%2.3f kW\"%Q_net"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_6WvxNlD.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_6WvxNlD.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 66471240..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_6WvxNlD.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 24:Air Movement"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.1,PAGE NUMBER:281"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=4500;# Altitude in m\n",
-    "p=575;# mbar barometric pressure\n",
-    "t=-10;# Temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "rho=1.2*(p/1013.25)*((273.15+20)/(273.15+t));# The density of dry air in kg/m**3\n",
-    "print\"The density of dry air,rho=%0.2f kg/m**3\"%rho"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.2,PAGE NUMBER:282"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "V=1;# The volume of air in m**3\n",
-    "t=20;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=60;# % saturation\n",
-    "p=101.325;# The pressure in kPa\n",
-    "v=7;# The velocity in m/s\n",
-    "v_s=0.8419;# The specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "m=V/v_s;# Mass in kg\n",
-    "Ke=(m*v**2)/2;# Kinetic energy in kg/(m s**2)\n",
-    "print\"Kinetic energy=%2.1f kg/(m s**2)\"%Ke"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.3,PAGE NUMBER:296"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "v_e=8;# The entering velocity of air in m/s\n",
-    "v_l=5.5;# The leaving velocity of air in m/s\n",
-    "fl=20;# Friction losses in %\n",
-    "m=1.2;# Masss in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_e=(m*v_e**2)/2;# Velocity pressure entering expansion in Pa\n",
-    "P_l=(m*v_l**2)/2;# Velocity pressure leaving expansion in Pa\n",
-    "FL=fl*10**-2*(P_e-P_l);# Friction losses in Pa\n",
-    "Sr=(1-(fl*10**-2))*(P_e-P_l);# Static regain in Pa\n",
-    "print\"The amount of Static regain=%2.1f Pa\"%Sr"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_8dh6uDb.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_8dh6uDb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 66471240..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_8dh6uDb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 24:Air Movement"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.1,PAGE NUMBER:281"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=4500;# Altitude in m\n",
-    "p=575;# mbar barometric pressure\n",
-    "t=-10;# Temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "rho=1.2*(p/1013.25)*((273.15+20)/(273.15+t));# The density of dry air in kg/m**3\n",
-    "print\"The density of dry air,rho=%0.2f kg/m**3\"%rho"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.2,PAGE NUMBER:282"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "V=1;# The volume of air in m**3\n",
-    "t=20;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=60;# % saturation\n",
-    "p=101.325;# The pressure in kPa\n",
-    "v=7;# The velocity in m/s\n",
-    "v_s=0.8419;# The specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "m=V/v_s;# Mass in kg\n",
-    "Ke=(m*v**2)/2;# Kinetic energy in kg/(m s**2)\n",
-    "print\"Kinetic energy=%2.1f kg/(m s**2)\"%Ke"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.3,PAGE NUMBER:296"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "v_e=8;# The entering velocity of air in m/s\n",
-    "v_l=5.5;# The leaving velocity of air in m/s\n",
-    "fl=20;# Friction losses in %\n",
-    "m=1.2;# Masss in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_e=(m*v_e**2)/2;# Velocity pressure entering expansion in Pa\n",
-    "P_l=(m*v_l**2)/2;# Velocity pressure leaving expansion in Pa\n",
-    "FL=fl*10**-2*(P_e-P_l);# Friction losses in Pa\n",
-    "Sr=(1-(fl*10**-2))*(P_e-P_l);# Static regain in Pa\n",
-    "print\"The amount of Static regain=%2.1f Pa\"%Sr"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_D5TRQBg.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_D5TRQBg.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 66471240..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_D5TRQBg.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 24:Air Movement"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.1,PAGE NUMBER:281"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=4500;# Altitude in m\n",
-    "p=575;# mbar barometric pressure\n",
-    "t=-10;# Temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "rho=1.2*(p/1013.25)*((273.15+20)/(273.15+t));# The density of dry air in kg/m**3\n",
-    "print\"The density of dry air,rho=%0.2f kg/m**3\"%rho"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.2,PAGE NUMBER:282"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "V=1;# The volume of air in m**3\n",
-    "t=20;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=60;# % saturation\n",
-    "p=101.325;# The pressure in kPa\n",
-    "v=7;# The velocity in m/s\n",
-    "v_s=0.8419;# The specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "m=V/v_s;# Mass in kg\n",
-    "Ke=(m*v**2)/2;# Kinetic energy in kg/(m s**2)\n",
-    "print\"Kinetic energy=%2.1f kg/(m s**2)\"%Ke"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.3,PAGE NUMBER:296"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "v_e=8;# The entering velocity of air in m/s\n",
-    "v_l=5.5;# The leaving velocity of air in m/s\n",
-    "fl=20;# Friction losses in %\n",
-    "m=1.2;# Masss in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_e=(m*v_e**2)/2;# Velocity pressure entering expansion in Pa\n",
-    "P_l=(m*v_l**2)/2;# Velocity pressure leaving expansion in Pa\n",
-    "FL=fl*10**-2*(P_e-P_l);# Friction losses in Pa\n",
-    "Sr=(1-(fl*10**-2))*(P_e-P_l);# Static regain in Pa\n",
-    "print\"The amount of Static regain=%2.1f Pa\"%Sr"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_ij0RXvw.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_ij0RXvw.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 66471240..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_ij0RXvw.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 24:Air Movement"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.1,PAGE NUMBER:281"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=4500;# Altitude in m\n",
-    "p=575;# mbar barometric pressure\n",
-    "t=-10;# Temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "rho=1.2*(p/1013.25)*((273.15+20)/(273.15+t));# The density of dry air in kg/m**3\n",
-    "print\"The density of dry air,rho=%0.2f kg/m**3\"%rho"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.2,PAGE NUMBER:282"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "V=1;# The volume of air in m**3\n",
-    "t=20;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=60;# % saturation\n",
-    "p=101.325;# The pressure in kPa\n",
-    "v=7;# The velocity in m/s\n",
-    "v_s=0.8419;# The specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "m=V/v_s;# Mass in kg\n",
-    "Ke=(m*v**2)/2;# Kinetic energy in kg/(m s**2)\n",
-    "print\"Kinetic energy=%2.1f kg/(m s**2)\"%Ke"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.3,PAGE NUMBER:296"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "v_e=8;# The entering velocity of air in m/s\n",
-    "v_l=5.5;# The leaving velocity of air in m/s\n",
-    "fl=20;# Friction losses in %\n",
-    "m=1.2;# Masss in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_e=(m*v_e**2)/2;# Velocity pressure entering expansion in Pa\n",
-    "P_l=(m*v_l**2)/2;# Velocity pressure leaving expansion in Pa\n",
-    "FL=fl*10**-2*(P_e-P_l);# Friction losses in Pa\n",
-    "Sr=(1-(fl*10**-2))*(P_e-P_l);# Static regain in Pa\n",
-    "print\"The amount of Static regain=%2.1f Pa\"%Sr"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_pqKjJC2.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_pqKjJC2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 66471240..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_24_pqKjJC2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 24:Air Movement"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.1,PAGE NUMBER:281"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Z=4500;# Altitude in m\n",
-    "p=575;# mbar barometric pressure\n",
-    "t=-10;# Temperature in °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "rho=1.2*(p/1013.25)*((273.15+20)/(273.15+t));# The density of dry air in kg/m**3\n",
-    "print\"The density of dry air,rho=%0.2f kg/m**3\"%rho"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.2,PAGE NUMBER:282"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "V=1;# The volume of air in m**3\n",
-    "t=20;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "H=60;# % saturation\n",
-    "p=101.325;# The pressure in kPa\n",
-    "v=7;# The velocity in m/s\n",
-    "v_s=0.8419;# The specific volume in m**3/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "m=V/v_s;# Mass in kg\n",
-    "Ke=(m*v**2)/2;# Kinetic energy in kg/(m s**2)\n",
-    "print\"Kinetic energy=%2.1f kg/(m s**2)\"%Ke"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 24.3,PAGE NUMBER:296"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "v_e=8;# The entering velocity of air in m/s\n",
-    "v_l=5.5;# The leaving velocity of air in m/s\n",
-    "fl=20;# Friction losses in %\n",
-    "m=1.2;# Masss in kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "P_e=(m*v_e**2)/2;# Velocity pressure entering expansion in Pa\n",
-    "P_l=(m*v_l**2)/2;# Velocity pressure leaving expansion in Pa\n",
-    "FL=fl*10**-2*(P_e-P_l);# Friction losses in Pa\n",
-    "Sr=(1-(fl*10**-2))*(P_e-P_l);# Static regain in Pa\n",
-    "print\"The amount of Static regain=%2.1f Pa\"%Sr"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_I16yfqo.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_I16yfqo.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6dde7780..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_I16yfqo.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 25:Air-Conditioning Methods"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.1,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_d=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "Q=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "H=50;# % saturation\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "T_ain=12;# The inlet air temperature in °C \n",
-    "C_p=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=T_d-T_ain;# Air temperature rise through room in K\n",
-    "m=Q/(deltaT*C_p);# Air flow for sensible heat in kg/s\n",
-    "x=0.007857;# Moisture content of room air, 21, 50%\n",
-    "x_p=Q_l/(2440*m);# Moisture to pick up\n",
-    "x_ain=x-x_p;# Moisture content of entering air \n",
-    "print\"\\nAir flow for sensible heat=%1.3f kg/s \\nMoisture content of entering air=%0.5f\"%(m,x_ain)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.2,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "# From example 25.1\n",
-    "Q_i=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "Q_f=0.9;# The fan motor power in kW\n",
-    "T_win=5;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C \n",
-    "T_wout=10.5;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C \n",
-    "C_pw=4.19;# The specific heat capacity in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=Q_i+Q_l+Q_f;# Total cooling load in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q/(C_pw*(T_wout-T_win));# Mass water flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nMass water flow=%0.2f kg/s\"%m_w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.3,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "# From example 25.2\n",
-    "Q=16.4;# Total load in kW\n",
-    "T_in=33;# The temperature at liquid R134a enters the expansion valve in °C \n",
-    "T_out=9;# The temperature at liquid  R134a leaves the cooler in °C \n",
-    "T_e=5;#  The temperature at which liquid  R134a evaporates in °C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "h_v=405.23;# Enthalpy of R134a,superheated to 9 C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_f=246.71;# Enthalpy of liquid R134a at 33 C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Re=h_v-h_f;# Refrigerating effect in kJ/kg\n",
-    "m_r=Q/Re;# Required refrigerant mass flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"Required refrigerant mass flow=%0.3f kg/s\"%m_r\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.4,PAGE NUMBER:306"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=13;# The dry bulb temperature in °C \n",
-    "m_a=0.4;# The flow rate of primary air in kg/s\n",
-    "T_win=12;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C \n",
-    "T_wout=16;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C \n",
-    "H=72;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d2=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C \n",
-    "# From example 25.1\n",
-    "Q_i=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "C_pw=4.19;# The specific heat capacity in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "x_a=0.006744;# Moisture in primary air, 13 C DB, 72% sat\n",
-    "x_r=Q_l/(2440*m_a);# Moisture removed in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_rise=x_a+x_r;# Moisture in room air will rise to in kg/kg\n",
-    "# which corresponds to a room condition of 21°C dry bulb, 53% saturation\n",
-    "Q_a=m_a*C_pa*(T_d2-T_d1);# Sensible heat removed by primary air in kW\n",
-    "Q_w=Q_i-Q_a;# Heat to be removed by water in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q_w/(C_pw*(T_wout-T_win));# Mass water flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nMass water flow=%0.2f kg/s\"%m_w"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_MOTO2AS.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_MOTO2AS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6dde7780..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_MOTO2AS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 25:Air-Conditioning Methods"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.1,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_d=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "Q=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "H=50;# % saturation\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "T_ain=12;# The inlet air temperature in °C \n",
-    "C_p=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=T_d-T_ain;# Air temperature rise through room in K\n",
-    "m=Q/(deltaT*C_p);# Air flow for sensible heat in kg/s\n",
-    "x=0.007857;# Moisture content of room air, 21, 50%\n",
-    "x_p=Q_l/(2440*m);# Moisture to pick up\n",
-    "x_ain=x-x_p;# Moisture content of entering air \n",
-    "print\"\\nAir flow for sensible heat=%1.3f kg/s \\nMoisture content of entering air=%0.5f\"%(m,x_ain)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.2,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "# From example 25.1\n",
-    "Q_i=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "Q_f=0.9;# The fan motor power in kW\n",
-    "T_win=5;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C \n",
-    "T_wout=10.5;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C \n",
-    "C_pw=4.19;# The specific heat capacity in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=Q_i+Q_l+Q_f;# Total cooling load in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q/(C_pw*(T_wout-T_win));# Mass water flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nMass water flow=%0.2f kg/s\"%m_w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.3,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "# From example 25.2\n",
-    "Q=16.4;# Total load in kW\n",
-    "T_in=33;# The temperature at liquid R134a enters the expansion valve in °C \n",
-    "T_out=9;# The temperature at liquid  R134a leaves the cooler in °C \n",
-    "T_e=5;#  The temperature at which liquid  R134a evaporates in °C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "h_v=405.23;# Enthalpy of R134a,superheated to 9 C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_f=246.71;# Enthalpy of liquid R134a at 33 C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Re=h_v-h_f;# Refrigerating effect in kJ/kg\n",
-    "m_r=Q/Re;# Required refrigerant mass flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"Required refrigerant mass flow=%0.3f kg/s\"%m_r\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.4,PAGE NUMBER:306"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=13;# The dry bulb temperature in °C \n",
-    "m_a=0.4;# The flow rate of primary air in kg/s\n",
-    "T_win=12;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C \n",
-    "T_wout=16;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C \n",
-    "H=72;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d2=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C \n",
-    "# From example 25.1\n",
-    "Q_i=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "C_pw=4.19;# The specific heat capacity in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "x_a=0.006744;# Moisture in primary air, 13 C DB, 72% sat\n",
-    "x_r=Q_l/(2440*m_a);# Moisture removed in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_rise=x_a+x_r;# Moisture in room air will rise to in kg/kg\n",
-    "# which corresponds to a room condition of 21°C dry bulb, 53% saturation\n",
-    "Q_a=m_a*C_pa*(T_d2-T_d1);# Sensible heat removed by primary air in kW\n",
-    "Q_w=Q_i-Q_a;# Heat to be removed by water in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q_w/(C_pw*(T_wout-T_win));# Mass water flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nMass water flow=%0.2f kg/s\"%m_w"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_aeN7kWm.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_aeN7kWm.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6dde7780..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_aeN7kWm.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 25:Air-Conditioning Methods"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.1,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_d=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "Q=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "H=50;# % saturation\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "T_ain=12;# The inlet air temperature in °C \n",
-    "C_p=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=T_d-T_ain;# Air temperature rise through room in K\n",
-    "m=Q/(deltaT*C_p);# Air flow for sensible heat in kg/s\n",
-    "x=0.007857;# Moisture content of room air, 21, 50%\n",
-    "x_p=Q_l/(2440*m);# Moisture to pick up\n",
-    "x_ain=x-x_p;# Moisture content of entering air \n",
-    "print\"\\nAir flow for sensible heat=%1.3f kg/s \\nMoisture content of entering air=%0.5f\"%(m,x_ain)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.2,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "# From example 25.1\n",
-    "Q_i=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "Q_f=0.9;# The fan motor power in kW\n",
-    "T_win=5;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C \n",
-    "T_wout=10.5;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C \n",
-    "C_pw=4.19;# The specific heat capacity in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=Q_i+Q_l+Q_f;# Total cooling load in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q/(C_pw*(T_wout-T_win));# Mass water flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nMass water flow=%0.2f kg/s\"%m_w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.3,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "# From example 25.2\n",
-    "Q=16.4;# Total load in kW\n",
-    "T_in=33;# The temperature at liquid R134a enters the expansion valve in °C \n",
-    "T_out=9;# The temperature at liquid  R134a leaves the cooler in °C \n",
-    "T_e=5;#  The temperature at which liquid  R134a evaporates in °C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "h_v=405.23;# Enthalpy of R134a,superheated to 9 C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_f=246.71;# Enthalpy of liquid R134a at 33 C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Re=h_v-h_f;# Refrigerating effect in kJ/kg\n",
-    "m_r=Q/Re;# Required refrigerant mass flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"Required refrigerant mass flow=%0.3f kg/s\"%m_r\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.4,PAGE NUMBER:306"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=13;# The dry bulb temperature in °C \n",
-    "m_a=0.4;# The flow rate of primary air in kg/s\n",
-    "T_win=12;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C \n",
-    "T_wout=16;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C \n",
-    "H=72;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d2=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C \n",
-    "# From example 25.1\n",
-    "Q_i=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "C_pw=4.19;# The specific heat capacity in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "x_a=0.006744;# Moisture in primary air, 13 C DB, 72% sat\n",
-    "x_r=Q_l/(2440*m_a);# Moisture removed in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_rise=x_a+x_r;# Moisture in room air will rise to in kg/kg\n",
-    "# which corresponds to a room condition of 21°C dry bulb, 53% saturation\n",
-    "Q_a=m_a*C_pa*(T_d2-T_d1);# Sensible heat removed by primary air in kW\n",
-    "Q_w=Q_i-Q_a;# Heat to be removed by water in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q_w/(C_pw*(T_wout-T_win));# Mass water flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nMass water flow=%0.2f kg/s\"%m_w"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_bFrRGZJ.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_bFrRGZJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6dde7780..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_bFrRGZJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 25:Air-Conditioning Methods"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.1,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_d=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "Q=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "H=50;# % saturation\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "T_ain=12;# The inlet air temperature in °C \n",
-    "C_p=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=T_d-T_ain;# Air temperature rise through room in K\n",
-    "m=Q/(deltaT*C_p);# Air flow for sensible heat in kg/s\n",
-    "x=0.007857;# Moisture content of room air, 21, 50%\n",
-    "x_p=Q_l/(2440*m);# Moisture to pick up\n",
-    "x_ain=x-x_p;# Moisture content of entering air \n",
-    "print\"\\nAir flow for sensible heat=%1.3f kg/s \\nMoisture content of entering air=%0.5f\"%(m,x_ain)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.2,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "# From example 25.1\n",
-    "Q_i=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "Q_f=0.9;# The fan motor power in kW\n",
-    "T_win=5;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C \n",
-    "T_wout=10.5;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C \n",
-    "C_pw=4.19;# The specific heat capacity in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=Q_i+Q_l+Q_f;# Total cooling load in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q/(C_pw*(T_wout-T_win));# Mass water flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nMass water flow=%0.2f kg/s\"%m_w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.3,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "# From example 25.2\n",
-    "Q=16.4;# Total load in kW\n",
-    "T_in=33;# The temperature at liquid R134a enters the expansion valve in °C \n",
-    "T_out=9;# The temperature at liquid  R134a leaves the cooler in °C \n",
-    "T_e=5;#  The temperature at which liquid  R134a evaporates in °C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "h_v=405.23;# Enthalpy of R134a,superheated to 9 C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_f=246.71;# Enthalpy of liquid R134a at 33 C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Re=h_v-h_f;# Refrigerating effect in kJ/kg\n",
-    "m_r=Q/Re;# Required refrigerant mass flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"Required refrigerant mass flow=%0.3f kg/s\"%m_r\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.4,PAGE NUMBER:306"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=13;# The dry bulb temperature in °C \n",
-    "m_a=0.4;# The flow rate of primary air in kg/s\n",
-    "T_win=12;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C \n",
-    "T_wout=16;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C \n",
-    "H=72;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d2=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C \n",
-    "# From example 25.1\n",
-    "Q_i=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "C_pw=4.19;# The specific heat capacity in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "x_a=0.006744;# Moisture in primary air, 13 C DB, 72% sat\n",
-    "x_r=Q_l/(2440*m_a);# Moisture removed in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_rise=x_a+x_r;# Moisture in room air will rise to in kg/kg\n",
-    "# which corresponds to a room condition of 21°C dry bulb, 53% saturation\n",
-    "Q_a=m_a*C_pa*(T_d2-T_d1);# Sensible heat removed by primary air in kW\n",
-    "Q_w=Q_i-Q_a;# Heat to be removed by water in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q_w/(C_pw*(T_wout-T_win));# Mass water flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nMass water flow=%0.2f kg/s\"%m_w"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_xcXBomq.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_xcXBomq.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6dde7780..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_25_xcXBomq.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 25:Air-Conditioning Methods"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.1,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_d=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C\n",
-    "Q=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "H=50;# % saturation\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "T_ain=12;# The inlet air temperature in °C \n",
-    "C_p=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=T_d-T_ain;# Air temperature rise through room in K\n",
-    "m=Q/(deltaT*C_p);# Air flow for sensible heat in kg/s\n",
-    "x=0.007857;# Moisture content of room air, 21, 50%\n",
-    "x_p=Q_l/(2440*m);# Moisture to pick up\n",
-    "x_ain=x-x_p;# Moisture content of entering air \n",
-    "print\"\\nAir flow for sensible heat=%1.3f kg/s \\nMoisture content of entering air=%0.5f\"%(m,x_ain)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.2,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "# From example 25.1\n",
-    "Q_i=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "Q_f=0.9;# The fan motor power in kW\n",
-    "T_win=5;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C \n",
-    "T_wout=10.5;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C \n",
-    "C_pw=4.19;# The specific heat capacity in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "Q=Q_i+Q_l+Q_f;# Total cooling load in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q/(C_pw*(T_wout-T_win));# Mass water flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nMass water flow=%0.2f kg/s\"%m_w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.3,PAGE NUMBER:305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "# From example 25.2\n",
-    "Q=16.4;# Total load in kW\n",
-    "T_in=33;# The temperature at liquid R134a enters the expansion valve in °C \n",
-    "T_out=9;# The temperature at liquid  R134a leaves the cooler in °C \n",
-    "T_e=5;#  The temperature at which liquid  R134a evaporates in °C \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "h_v=405.23;# Enthalpy of R134a,superheated to 9 C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_f=246.71;# Enthalpy of liquid R134a at 33 C in kJ/kg\n",
-    "Re=h_v-h_f;# Refrigerating effect in kJ/kg\n",
-    "m_r=Q/Re;# Required refrigerant mass flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"Required refrigerant mass flow=%0.3f kg/s\"%m_r\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 25.4,PAGE NUMBER:306"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_d1=13;# The dry bulb temperature in °C \n",
-    "m_a=0.4;# The flow rate of primary air in kg/s\n",
-    "T_win=12;# The temperature of water at inlet in °C \n",
-    "T_wout=16;# The temperature of water at outlet in °C \n",
-    "H=72;# % saturation\n",
-    "T_d2=21;# The dry bulb temperature in °C \n",
-    "# From example 25.1\n",
-    "Q_i=14;# Internal load in kW\n",
-    "Q_l=1.5;# Latent heat gain in kW\n",
-    "C_pw=4.19;# The specific heat capacity in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "C_pa=1.02;# The specific heat capacity of air in kJ/kg.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "x_a=0.006744;# Moisture in primary air, 13 C DB, 72% sat\n",
-    "x_r=Q_l/(2440*m_a);# Moisture removed in kg/kg\n",
-    "x_rise=x_a+x_r;# Moisture in room air will rise to in kg/kg\n",
-    "# which corresponds to a room condition of 21°C dry bulb, 53% saturation\n",
-    "Q_a=m_a*C_pa*(T_d2-T_d1);# Sensible heat removed by primary air in kW\n",
-    "Q_w=Q_i-Q_a;# Heat to be removed by water in kW\n",
-    "m_w=Q_w/(C_pw*(T_wout-T_win));# Mass water flow in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nMass water flow=%0.2f kg/s\"%m_w"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_E7yfigV.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_E7yfigV.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9ccca88a..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_E7yfigV.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29:Commissioning and Maintenance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.1,PAGE NUMBER:347"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_e=3;# The evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_in=20;# The temperature of air entering coil in °C\n",
-    "T_out=11;# The temperature of air off coil at full air flow in °C\n",
-    "T_c=35;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "af=(1-0.15);# The reduced air flow \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "LMTD=((T_in-T_e)-(T_out-T_e))/math.log((T_in-T_e)/(T_out-T_e));# K\n",
-    "T_aoff=T_in-(T_in-T_out)/af;# Air off coil at 85% air flow (°C)\n",
-    "Cp=(af)**0.8;# Coil performance at 85% air flow (°C)\n",
-    "LMTD_85=LMTD/Cp;# LMTD at 85% air flow in K\n",
-    "print\"\\nLMTD at 85 percentage air flow=%2.1f K(error)\"%LMTD_85"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "celltoolbar": "Raw Cell Format",
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_FFt58F5.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_FFt58F5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9ccca88a..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_FFt58F5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29:Commissioning and Maintenance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.1,PAGE NUMBER:347"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_e=3;# The evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_in=20;# The temperature of air entering coil in °C\n",
-    "T_out=11;# The temperature of air off coil at full air flow in °C\n",
-    "T_c=35;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "af=(1-0.15);# The reduced air flow \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "LMTD=((T_in-T_e)-(T_out-T_e))/math.log((T_in-T_e)/(T_out-T_e));# K\n",
-    "T_aoff=T_in-(T_in-T_out)/af;# Air off coil at 85% air flow (°C)\n",
-    "Cp=(af)**0.8;# Coil performance at 85% air flow (°C)\n",
-    "LMTD_85=LMTD/Cp;# LMTD at 85% air flow in K\n",
-    "print\"\\nLMTD at 85 percentage air flow=%2.1f K(error)\"%LMTD_85"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "celltoolbar": "Raw Cell Format",
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_Q0LKlUS.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_Q0LKlUS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9ccca88a..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_Q0LKlUS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29:Commissioning and Maintenance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.1,PAGE NUMBER:347"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_e=3;# The evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_in=20;# The temperature of air entering coil in °C\n",
-    "T_out=11;# The temperature of air off coil at full air flow in °C\n",
-    "T_c=35;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "af=(1-0.15);# The reduced air flow \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "LMTD=((T_in-T_e)-(T_out-T_e))/math.log((T_in-T_e)/(T_out-T_e));# K\n",
-    "T_aoff=T_in-(T_in-T_out)/af;# Air off coil at 85% air flow (°C)\n",
-    "Cp=(af)**0.8;# Coil performance at 85% air flow (°C)\n",
-    "LMTD_85=LMTD/Cp;# LMTD at 85% air flow in K\n",
-    "print\"\\nLMTD at 85 percentage air flow=%2.1f K(error)\"%LMTD_85"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "celltoolbar": "Raw Cell Format",
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_XG6Jzy5.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_XG6Jzy5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9ccca88a..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_XG6Jzy5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29:Commissioning and Maintenance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.1,PAGE NUMBER:347"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_e=3;# The evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_in=20;# The temperature of air entering coil in °C\n",
-    "T_out=11;# The temperature of air off coil at full air flow in °C\n",
-    "T_c=35;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "af=(1-0.15);# The reduced air flow \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "LMTD=((T_in-T_e)-(T_out-T_e))/math.log((T_in-T_e)/(T_out-T_e));# K\n",
-    "T_aoff=T_in-(T_in-T_out)/af;# Air off coil at 85% air flow (°C)\n",
-    "Cp=(af)**0.8;# Coil performance at 85% air flow (°C)\n",
-    "LMTD_85=LMTD/Cp;# LMTD at 85% air flow in K\n",
-    "print\"\\nLMTD at 85 percentage air flow=%2.1f K(error)\"%LMTD_85"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "celltoolbar": "Raw Cell Format",
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_fT4LtTU.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_fT4LtTU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9ccca88a..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_29_fT4LtTU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 29:Commissioning and Maintenance"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 29.1,PAGE NUMBER:347"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "T_e=3;# The evaporating temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_in=20;# The temperature of air entering coil in °C\n",
-    "T_out=11;# The temperature of air off coil at full air flow in °C\n",
-    "T_c=35;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "af=(1-0.15);# The reduced air flow \n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "LMTD=((T_in-T_e)-(T_out-T_e))/math.log((T_in-T_e)/(T_out-T_e));# K\n",
-    "T_aoff=T_in-(T_in-T_out)/af;# Air off coil at 85% air flow (°C)\n",
-    "Cp=(af)**0.8;# Coil performance at 85% air flow (°C)\n",
-    "LMTD_85=LMTD/Cp;# LMTD at 85% air flow in K\n",
-    "print\"\\nLMTD at 85 percentage air flow=%2.1f K(error)\"%LMTD_85"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "celltoolbar": "Raw Cell Format",
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_KSvJEHz.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_KSvJEHz.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4710dde2..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_KSvJEHz.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 2:The Refrigeration Cycle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 2.1,PAGE NUMBER:21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_l=0+273;# The required cooling temperature of room in °C\n",
-    "T_h=30+273;# The temperature of outside air in °C\n",
-    "T_e=-5+273;# The evaporating temperature of Refrigeration cycle in °C\n",
-    "T_c=35+273;# The Condensing temperature of Refrigeration cycle in °C\n",
-    "deltaT=5;# The temperature difference at the evaporator and the condenser in K\n",
-    "h_i=249.7;# Enthalpy of fl uid entering evaporator in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_e=395.6;# Enthalpy of saturated vapour leaving evaporator in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_sup=422.5;# Enthalpy of superheated vapour leaving compressor in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "CarnotCOP=T_l/(T_h-T_l);\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the process is\",round(CarnotCOP,1)\n",
-    "# For Refrigeration cycle,\n",
-    "CarnotCOP=T_e/(T_c-T_e);\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the refrigeration cycle is\",round(CarnotCOP,1)\n",
-    "# For R134a,\n",
-    "Q=h_e-h_i;# Cooling effect in kJ/kg\n",
-    "W_in=h_sup-h_e;# Compressor energy input in kJ/kg\n",
-    "COP=Q/W_in;# Ideal R134a vapour compression cycle COP\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the ideal vapour compression cycle  is\",round(COP,1)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_SSiBz62.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_SSiBz62.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4710dde2..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_SSiBz62.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 2:The Refrigeration Cycle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 2.1,PAGE NUMBER:21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_l=0+273;# The required cooling temperature of room in °C\n",
-    "T_h=30+273;# The temperature of outside air in °C\n",
-    "T_e=-5+273;# The evaporating temperature of Refrigeration cycle in °C\n",
-    "T_c=35+273;# The Condensing temperature of Refrigeration cycle in °C\n",
-    "deltaT=5;# The temperature difference at the evaporator and the condenser in K\n",
-    "h_i=249.7;# Enthalpy of fl uid entering evaporator in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_e=395.6;# Enthalpy of saturated vapour leaving evaporator in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_sup=422.5;# Enthalpy of superheated vapour leaving compressor in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "CarnotCOP=T_l/(T_h-T_l);\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the process is\",round(CarnotCOP,1)\n",
-    "# For Refrigeration cycle,\n",
-    "CarnotCOP=T_e/(T_c-T_e);\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the refrigeration cycle is\",round(CarnotCOP,1)\n",
-    "# For R134a,\n",
-    "Q=h_e-h_i;# Cooling effect in kJ/kg\n",
-    "W_in=h_sup-h_e;# Compressor energy input in kJ/kg\n",
-    "COP=Q/W_in;# Ideal R134a vapour compression cycle COP\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the ideal vapour compression cycle  is\",round(COP,1)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_ZxYdwvs.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_ZxYdwvs.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4710dde2..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_ZxYdwvs.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 2:The Refrigeration Cycle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 2.1,PAGE NUMBER:21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_l=0+273;# The required cooling temperature of room in °C\n",
-    "T_h=30+273;# The temperature of outside air in °C\n",
-    "T_e=-5+273;# The evaporating temperature of Refrigeration cycle in °C\n",
-    "T_c=35+273;# The Condensing temperature of Refrigeration cycle in °C\n",
-    "deltaT=5;# The temperature difference at the evaporator and the condenser in K\n",
-    "h_i=249.7;# Enthalpy of fl uid entering evaporator in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_e=395.6;# Enthalpy of saturated vapour leaving evaporator in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_sup=422.5;# Enthalpy of superheated vapour leaving compressor in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "CarnotCOP=T_l/(T_h-T_l);\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the process is\",round(CarnotCOP,1)\n",
-    "# For Refrigeration cycle,\n",
-    "CarnotCOP=T_e/(T_c-T_e);\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the refrigeration cycle is\",round(CarnotCOP,1)\n",
-    "# For R134a,\n",
-    "Q=h_e-h_i;# Cooling effect in kJ/kg\n",
-    "W_in=h_sup-h_e;# Compressor energy input in kJ/kg\n",
-    "COP=Q/W_in;# Ideal R134a vapour compression cycle COP\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the ideal vapour compression cycle  is\",round(COP,1)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_notJfzh.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_notJfzh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4710dde2..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_notJfzh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 2:The Refrigeration Cycle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 2.1,PAGE NUMBER:21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_l=0+273;# The required cooling temperature of room in °C\n",
-    "T_h=30+273;# The temperature of outside air in °C\n",
-    "T_e=-5+273;# The evaporating temperature of Refrigeration cycle in °C\n",
-    "T_c=35+273;# The Condensing temperature of Refrigeration cycle in °C\n",
-    "deltaT=5;# The temperature difference at the evaporator and the condenser in K\n",
-    "h_i=249.7;# Enthalpy of fl uid entering evaporator in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_e=395.6;# Enthalpy of saturated vapour leaving evaporator in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_sup=422.5;# Enthalpy of superheated vapour leaving compressor in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "CarnotCOP=T_l/(T_h-T_l);\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the process is\",round(CarnotCOP,1)\n",
-    "# For Refrigeration cycle,\n",
-    "CarnotCOP=T_e/(T_c-T_e);\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the refrigeration cycle is\",round(CarnotCOP,1)\n",
-    "# For R134a,\n",
-    "Q=h_e-h_i;# Cooling effect in kJ/kg\n",
-    "W_in=h_sup-h_e;# Compressor energy input in kJ/kg\n",
-    "COP=Q/W_in;# Ideal R134a vapour compression cycle COP\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the ideal vapour compression cycle  is\",round(COP,1)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_tcgWyZu.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_tcgWyZu.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4710dde2..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_2_tcgWyZu.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 2:The Refrigeration Cycle"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## EXAMPLE 2.1,PAGE NUMBER:21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T_l=0+273;# The required cooling temperature of room in °C\n",
-    "T_h=30+273;# The temperature of outside air in °C\n",
-    "T_e=-5+273;# The evaporating temperature of Refrigeration cycle in °C\n",
-    "T_c=35+273;# The Condensing temperature of Refrigeration cycle in °C\n",
-    "deltaT=5;# The temperature difference at the evaporator and the condenser in K\n",
-    "h_i=249.7;# Enthalpy of fl uid entering evaporator in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_e=395.6;# Enthalpy of saturated vapour leaving evaporator in kJ/kg\n",
-    "h_sup=422.5;# Enthalpy of superheated vapour leaving compressor in kJ/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "CarnotCOP=T_l/(T_h-T_l);\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the process is\",round(CarnotCOP,1)\n",
-    "# For Refrigeration cycle,\n",
-    "CarnotCOP=T_e/(T_c-T_e);\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the refrigeration cycle is\",round(CarnotCOP,1)\n",
-    "# For R134a,\n",
-    "Q=h_e-h_i;# Cooling effect in kJ/kg\n",
-    "W_in=h_sup-h_e;# Compressor energy input in kJ/kg\n",
-    "COP=Q/W_in;# Ideal R134a vapour compression cycle COP\n",
-    "print\"The Carnot COP for the ideal vapour compression cycle  is\",round(COP,1)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_73A9kV6.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_73A9kV6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 475ed0a5..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_73A9kV6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 30:Efficiency, Running Cost and Carbon Footprint"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.1,PAGE NUMBER:358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "P=15;# kW\n",
-    "n_b=85;# The effiency of the gas boiler in %\n",
-    "SCOP=3;# An average or seasonal COP (SCOP) of heat pump\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calcualtion\n",
-    "# For the gas boiler\n",
-    "R_pf=17.65;# Rate of primary fuel use in kW\n",
-    "m_co2=0.19;# The mass of carbon in kg\n",
-    "R_co2=R_pf*m_co2;# Rate of CO_2 emission in kg/h\n",
-    "# For example\n",
-    "Gp=3;# p/kWh\n",
-    "Rc=R_pf*Gp;# Boiler Running cost in p per hour of heating\n",
-    "print\"Boiler Running cost=%2.0fp per hour of heating.\"%Rc\n",
-    "# For heat pump\n",
-    "T_R_pf=10;#  Rate of primary fuel use in kW (total)\n",
-    "R_pf=5;# Rate of primary fuel use in kW\n",
-    "m_co2=0.43;# The mass of carbon in kg\n",
-    "R_co2=R_co2=R_pf*m_co2;# Rate of CO_2 emission in kg/h\n",
-    "# For example\n",
-    "Ep=9;# p/kWh\n",
-    "Rc=R_pf*Ep;# HP Running cost in p per hour of heating\n",
-    "print\"HP Running cost=%2.0fp per hour of heating.\"%Rc"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_AXg4wHV.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_AXg4wHV.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 475ed0a5..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_AXg4wHV.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 30:Efficiency, Running Cost and Carbon Footprint"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.1,PAGE NUMBER:358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "P=15;# kW\n",
-    "n_b=85;# The effiency of the gas boiler in %\n",
-    "SCOP=3;# An average or seasonal COP (SCOP) of heat pump\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calcualtion\n",
-    "# For the gas boiler\n",
-    "R_pf=17.65;# Rate of primary fuel use in kW\n",
-    "m_co2=0.19;# The mass of carbon in kg\n",
-    "R_co2=R_pf*m_co2;# Rate of CO_2 emission in kg/h\n",
-    "# For example\n",
-    "Gp=3;# p/kWh\n",
-    "Rc=R_pf*Gp;# Boiler Running cost in p per hour of heating\n",
-    "print\"Boiler Running cost=%2.0fp per hour of heating.\"%Rc\n",
-    "# For heat pump\n",
-    "T_R_pf=10;#  Rate of primary fuel use in kW (total)\n",
-    "R_pf=5;# Rate of primary fuel use in kW\n",
-    "m_co2=0.43;# The mass of carbon in kg\n",
-    "R_co2=R_co2=R_pf*m_co2;# Rate of CO_2 emission in kg/h\n",
-    "# For example\n",
-    "Ep=9;# p/kWh\n",
-    "Rc=R_pf*Ep;# HP Running cost in p per hour of heating\n",
-    "print\"HP Running cost=%2.0fp per hour of heating.\"%Rc"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_MRu9teh.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_MRu9teh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 475ed0a5..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_MRu9teh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 30:Efficiency, Running Cost and Carbon Footprint"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.1,PAGE NUMBER:358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "P=15;# kW\n",
-    "n_b=85;# The effiency of the gas boiler in %\n",
-    "SCOP=3;# An average or seasonal COP (SCOP) of heat pump\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calcualtion\n",
-    "# For the gas boiler\n",
-    "R_pf=17.65;# Rate of primary fuel use in kW\n",
-    "m_co2=0.19;# The mass of carbon in kg\n",
-    "R_co2=R_pf*m_co2;# Rate of CO_2 emission in kg/h\n",
-    "# For example\n",
-    "Gp=3;# p/kWh\n",
-    "Rc=R_pf*Gp;# Boiler Running cost in p per hour of heating\n",
-    "print\"Boiler Running cost=%2.0fp per hour of heating.\"%Rc\n",
-    "# For heat pump\n",
-    "T_R_pf=10;#  Rate of primary fuel use in kW (total)\n",
-    "R_pf=5;# Rate of primary fuel use in kW\n",
-    "m_co2=0.43;# The mass of carbon in kg\n",
-    "R_co2=R_co2=R_pf*m_co2;# Rate of CO_2 emission in kg/h\n",
-    "# For example\n",
-    "Ep=9;# p/kWh\n",
-    "Rc=R_pf*Ep;# HP Running cost in p per hour of heating\n",
-    "print\"HP Running cost=%2.0fp per hour of heating.\"%Rc"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_hFIRByo.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_hFIRByo.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 475ed0a5..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_hFIRByo.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 30:Efficiency, Running Cost and Carbon Footprint"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.1,PAGE NUMBER:358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "P=15;# kW\n",
-    "n_b=85;# The effiency of the gas boiler in %\n",
-    "SCOP=3;# An average or seasonal COP (SCOP) of heat pump\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calcualtion\n",
-    "# For the gas boiler\n",
-    "R_pf=17.65;# Rate of primary fuel use in kW\n",
-    "m_co2=0.19;# The mass of carbon in kg\n",
-    "R_co2=R_pf*m_co2;# Rate of CO_2 emission in kg/h\n",
-    "# For example\n",
-    "Gp=3;# p/kWh\n",
-    "Rc=R_pf*Gp;# Boiler Running cost in p per hour of heating\n",
-    "print\"Boiler Running cost=%2.0fp per hour of heating.\"%Rc\n",
-    "# For heat pump\n",
-    "T_R_pf=10;#  Rate of primary fuel use in kW (total)\n",
-    "R_pf=5;# Rate of primary fuel use in kW\n",
-    "m_co2=0.43;# The mass of carbon in kg\n",
-    "R_co2=R_co2=R_pf*m_co2;# Rate of CO_2 emission in kg/h\n",
-    "# For example\n",
-    "Ep=9;# p/kWh\n",
-    "Rc=R_pf*Ep;# HP Running cost in p per hour of heating\n",
-    "print\"HP Running cost=%2.0fp per hour of heating.\"%Rc"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_ypD2izX.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_ypD2izX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 475ed0a5..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_30_ypD2izX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 30:Efficiency, Running Cost and Carbon Footprint"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 30.1,PAGE NUMBER:358"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "P=15;# kW\n",
-    "n_b=85;# The effiency of the gas boiler in %\n",
-    "SCOP=3;# An average or seasonal COP (SCOP) of heat pump\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calcualtion\n",
-    "# For the gas boiler\n",
-    "R_pf=17.65;# Rate of primary fuel use in kW\n",
-    "m_co2=0.19;# The mass of carbon in kg\n",
-    "R_co2=R_pf*m_co2;# Rate of CO_2 emission in kg/h\n",
-    "# For example\n",
-    "Gp=3;# p/kWh\n",
-    "Rc=R_pf*Gp;# Boiler Running cost in p per hour of heating\n",
-    "print\"Boiler Running cost=%2.0fp per hour of heating.\"%Rc\n",
-    "# For heat pump\n",
-    "T_R_pf=10;#  Rate of primary fuel use in kW (total)\n",
-    "R_pf=5;# Rate of primary fuel use in kW\n",
-    "m_co2=0.43;# The mass of carbon in kg\n",
-    "R_co2=R_co2=R_pf*m_co2;# Rate of CO_2 emission in kg/h\n",
-    "# For example\n",
-    "Ep=9;# p/kWh\n",
-    "Rc=R_pf*Ep;# HP Running cost in p per hour of heating\n",
-    "print\"HP Running cost=%2.0fp per hour of heating.\"%Rc"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_1ZJrq7k.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_1ZJrq7k.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b08708fb..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_1ZJrq7k.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 6:Condensers and Cooling Towers"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.1,PAGE NUMBER:77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q_1=12;# Heat load in kW\n",
-    "T_c1=50;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_o1=35;# The maximum outdoor temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_o2=15;# The reduced outdoor temperature in °C\n",
-    "Q_2=8;# The reduced heat load in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=T_c1-T_o1;# Temperature Difference in K\n",
-    "CR=Q_1*10**3/deltaT;# Condenser Rating in W/K\n",
-    "CR=CR*10**-3;# Condenser Rating in kW/K\n",
-    "deltaT_15=Q_2/CR;# Temperature Difference at 15°C \n",
-    "T_c2=T_o2+deltaT_15;#The Condensing temperature at 15°C\n",
-    "print\"Cooling Rating=\",round(CR,1),\"kW/K\"\n",
-    "print\"Temperature Difference at 15°C=%2.0f°C\"%deltaT_15\n",
-    "print\"The Condensing temperature at 15°C=%2.0f°C\"%T_c2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.2,PAGE NUMBER:80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "deltaT=5.2;# The temperature rise in K\n",
-    "E=930;# Total duty at the condenser in kW\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat of water in kJ/kg K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "mdot=E/(deltaT*C_pw);# The amount of water required in kg/s\n",
-    "print round(mdot,0),\"kg/s water flow is required.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.3,PAGE NUMBER:80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "E_t=880;# Total duty at the condenser in kW\n",
-    "E_wcp=15;# Total duty at water-circulating pump in kw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "E=E_t+E_wcp;# Total tower duty in kW\n",
-    "w_er=E*0.41*10**-3;# Evaporation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Cr_80=30;# Circulation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Cr_160=60;# Circulation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "w_air=E*0.06;# Air flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nEvaporation rate=%0.2f kg/s \\nCirculation rate,80times=%2.0f kg/s \\nCirculation rate,160times=%2.0f kg/s \\nAir flow rate=%2.0f kg/s\"%(w_er,Cr_80,Cr_160,w_air)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.4,PAGE NUMBER:85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Cc=700;# The cooling capacity in kW\n",
-    "P_c=170;# The compressor power in kW\n",
-    "c_b=0.0012;# Concentration of solids in bleed-off (kg/kg)\n",
-    "c_m=0.00056;# Concentration of solids in make-up water in kg/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "E_tc=Cc+P_c;# Cooling tower capacity in kW\n",
-    "h_fg=2420;# Latent heat of water vapour in kJ/kg\n",
-    "w_e=E_tc*10**3/h_fg;# Rate of evaporation in g/s\n",
-    "w_m=(w_e*(c_b))/(c_b-c_m);# Rate of make up in kg/s\n",
-    "w_bo=w_m-w_e;# Rate of bleed off in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nRate of make up=%0.2f kg/s \\nRate of bleed off=%0.2f kg/s\"%(w_m/1000,w_bo/1000)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_2HDnR8j.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_2HDnR8j.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b08708fb..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_2HDnR8j.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 6:Condensers and Cooling Towers"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.1,PAGE NUMBER:77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q_1=12;# Heat load in kW\n",
-    "T_c1=50;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_o1=35;# The maximum outdoor temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_o2=15;# The reduced outdoor temperature in °C\n",
-    "Q_2=8;# The reduced heat load in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=T_c1-T_o1;# Temperature Difference in K\n",
-    "CR=Q_1*10**3/deltaT;# Condenser Rating in W/K\n",
-    "CR=CR*10**-3;# Condenser Rating in kW/K\n",
-    "deltaT_15=Q_2/CR;# Temperature Difference at 15°C \n",
-    "T_c2=T_o2+deltaT_15;#The Condensing temperature at 15°C\n",
-    "print\"Cooling Rating=\",round(CR,1),\"kW/K\"\n",
-    "print\"Temperature Difference at 15°C=%2.0f°C\"%deltaT_15\n",
-    "print\"The Condensing temperature at 15°C=%2.0f°C\"%T_c2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.2,PAGE NUMBER:80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "deltaT=5.2;# The temperature rise in K\n",
-    "E=930;# Total duty at the condenser in kW\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat of water in kJ/kg K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "mdot=E/(deltaT*C_pw);# The amount of water required in kg/s\n",
-    "print round(mdot,0),\"kg/s water flow is required.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.3,PAGE NUMBER:80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "E_t=880;# Total duty at the condenser in kW\n",
-    "E_wcp=15;# Total duty at water-circulating pump in kw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "E=E_t+E_wcp;# Total tower duty in kW\n",
-    "w_er=E*0.41*10**-3;# Evaporation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Cr_80=30;# Circulation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Cr_160=60;# Circulation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "w_air=E*0.06;# Air flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nEvaporation rate=%0.2f kg/s \\nCirculation rate,80times=%2.0f kg/s \\nCirculation rate,160times=%2.0f kg/s \\nAir flow rate=%2.0f kg/s\"%(w_er,Cr_80,Cr_160,w_air)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.4,PAGE NUMBER:85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Cc=700;# The cooling capacity in kW\n",
-    "P_c=170;# The compressor power in kW\n",
-    "c_b=0.0012;# Concentration of solids in bleed-off (kg/kg)\n",
-    "c_m=0.00056;# Concentration of solids in make-up water in kg/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "E_tc=Cc+P_c;# Cooling tower capacity in kW\n",
-    "h_fg=2420;# Latent heat of water vapour in kJ/kg\n",
-    "w_e=E_tc*10**3/h_fg;# Rate of evaporation in g/s\n",
-    "w_m=(w_e*(c_b))/(c_b-c_m);# Rate of make up in kg/s\n",
-    "w_bo=w_m-w_e;# Rate of bleed off in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nRate of make up=%0.2f kg/s \\nRate of bleed off=%0.2f kg/s\"%(w_m/1000,w_bo/1000)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_XbX2EJN.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_XbX2EJN.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b08708fb..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_XbX2EJN.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 6:Condensers and Cooling Towers"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.1,PAGE NUMBER:77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q_1=12;# Heat load in kW\n",
-    "T_c1=50;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_o1=35;# The maximum outdoor temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_o2=15;# The reduced outdoor temperature in °C\n",
-    "Q_2=8;# The reduced heat load in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=T_c1-T_o1;# Temperature Difference in K\n",
-    "CR=Q_1*10**3/deltaT;# Condenser Rating in W/K\n",
-    "CR=CR*10**-3;# Condenser Rating in kW/K\n",
-    "deltaT_15=Q_2/CR;# Temperature Difference at 15°C \n",
-    "T_c2=T_o2+deltaT_15;#The Condensing temperature at 15°C\n",
-    "print\"Cooling Rating=\",round(CR,1),\"kW/K\"\n",
-    "print\"Temperature Difference at 15°C=%2.0f°C\"%deltaT_15\n",
-    "print\"The Condensing temperature at 15°C=%2.0f°C\"%T_c2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.2,PAGE NUMBER:80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "deltaT=5.2;# The temperature rise in K\n",
-    "E=930;# Total duty at the condenser in kW\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat of water in kJ/kg K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "mdot=E/(deltaT*C_pw);# The amount of water required in kg/s\n",
-    "print round(mdot,0),\"kg/s water flow is required.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.3,PAGE NUMBER:80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "E_t=880;# Total duty at the condenser in kW\n",
-    "E_wcp=15;# Total duty at water-circulating pump in kw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "E=E_t+E_wcp;# Total tower duty in kW\n",
-    "w_er=E*0.41*10**-3;# Evaporation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Cr_80=30;# Circulation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Cr_160=60;# Circulation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "w_air=E*0.06;# Air flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nEvaporation rate=%0.2f kg/s \\nCirculation rate,80times=%2.0f kg/s \\nCirculation rate,160times=%2.0f kg/s \\nAir flow rate=%2.0f kg/s\"%(w_er,Cr_80,Cr_160,w_air)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.4,PAGE NUMBER:85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Cc=700;# The cooling capacity in kW\n",
-    "P_c=170;# The compressor power in kW\n",
-    "c_b=0.0012;# Concentration of solids in bleed-off (kg/kg)\n",
-    "c_m=0.00056;# Concentration of solids in make-up water in kg/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "E_tc=Cc+P_c;# Cooling tower capacity in kW\n",
-    "h_fg=2420;# Latent heat of water vapour in kJ/kg\n",
-    "w_e=E_tc*10**3/h_fg;# Rate of evaporation in g/s\n",
-    "w_m=(w_e*(c_b))/(c_b-c_m);# Rate of make up in kg/s\n",
-    "w_bo=w_m-w_e;# Rate of bleed off in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nRate of make up=%0.2f kg/s \\nRate of bleed off=%0.2f kg/s\"%(w_m/1000,w_bo/1000)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_maxZsyj.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_maxZsyj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b08708fb..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_maxZsyj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 6:Condensers and Cooling Towers"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.1,PAGE NUMBER:77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q_1=12;# Heat load in kW\n",
-    "T_c1=50;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_o1=35;# The maximum outdoor temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_o2=15;# The reduced outdoor temperature in °C\n",
-    "Q_2=8;# The reduced heat load in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=T_c1-T_o1;# Temperature Difference in K\n",
-    "CR=Q_1*10**3/deltaT;# Condenser Rating in W/K\n",
-    "CR=CR*10**-3;# Condenser Rating in kW/K\n",
-    "deltaT_15=Q_2/CR;# Temperature Difference at 15°C \n",
-    "T_c2=T_o2+deltaT_15;#The Condensing temperature at 15°C\n",
-    "print\"Cooling Rating=\",round(CR,1),\"kW/K\"\n",
-    "print\"Temperature Difference at 15°C=%2.0f°C\"%deltaT_15\n",
-    "print\"The Condensing temperature at 15°C=%2.0f°C\"%T_c2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.2,PAGE NUMBER:80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "deltaT=5.2;# The temperature rise in K\n",
-    "E=930;# Total duty at the condenser in kW\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat of water in kJ/kg K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "mdot=E/(deltaT*C_pw);# The amount of water required in kg/s\n",
-    "print round(mdot,0),\"kg/s water flow is required.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.3,PAGE NUMBER:80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "E_t=880;# Total duty at the condenser in kW\n",
-    "E_wcp=15;# Total duty at water-circulating pump in kw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "E=E_t+E_wcp;# Total tower duty in kW\n",
-    "w_er=E*0.41*10**-3;# Evaporation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Cr_80=30;# Circulation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Cr_160=60;# Circulation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "w_air=E*0.06;# Air flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nEvaporation rate=%0.2f kg/s \\nCirculation rate,80times=%2.0f kg/s \\nCirculation rate,160times=%2.0f kg/s \\nAir flow rate=%2.0f kg/s\"%(w_er,Cr_80,Cr_160,w_air)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.4,PAGE NUMBER:85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Cc=700;# The cooling capacity in kW\n",
-    "P_c=170;# The compressor power in kW\n",
-    "c_b=0.0012;# Concentration of solids in bleed-off (kg/kg)\n",
-    "c_m=0.00056;# Concentration of solids in make-up water in kg/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "E_tc=Cc+P_c;# Cooling tower capacity in kW\n",
-    "h_fg=2420;# Latent heat of water vapour in kJ/kg\n",
-    "w_e=E_tc*10**3/h_fg;# Rate of evaporation in g/s\n",
-    "w_m=(w_e*(c_b))/(c_b-c_m);# Rate of make up in kg/s\n",
-    "w_bo=w_m-w_e;# Rate of bleed off in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nRate of make up=%0.2f kg/s \\nRate of bleed off=%0.2f kg/s\"%(w_m/1000,w_bo/1000)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_ob9VFp3.ipynb b/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_ob9VFp3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index b08708fb..00000000
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER_6_ob9VFp3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# CHAPTER 6:Condensers and Cooling Towers"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.1,PAGE NUMBER:77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Q_1=12;# Heat load in kW\n",
-    "T_c1=50;# The condensing temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_o1=35;# The maximum outdoor temperature in °C\n",
-    "T_o2=15;# The reduced outdoor temperature in °C\n",
-    "Q_2=8;# The reduced heat load in kW\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=T_c1-T_o1;# Temperature Difference in K\n",
-    "CR=Q_1*10**3/deltaT;# Condenser Rating in W/K\n",
-    "CR=CR*10**-3;# Condenser Rating in kW/K\n",
-    "deltaT_15=Q_2/CR;# Temperature Difference at 15°C \n",
-    "T_c2=T_o2+deltaT_15;#The Condensing temperature at 15°C\n",
-    "print\"Cooling Rating=\",round(CR,1),\"kW/K\"\n",
-    "print\"Temperature Difference at 15°C=%2.0f°C\"%deltaT_15\n",
-    "print\"The Condensing temperature at 15°C=%2.0f°C\"%T_c2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.2,PAGE NUMBER:80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "deltaT=5.2;# The temperature rise in K\n",
-    "E=930;# Total duty at the condenser in kW\n",
-    "C_pw=4.187;# The specific heat of water in kJ/kg K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "mdot=E/(deltaT*C_pw);# The amount of water required in kg/s\n",
-    "print round(mdot,0),\"kg/s water flow is required.\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.3,PAGE NUMBER:80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "E_t=880;# Total duty at the condenser in kW\n",
-    "E_wcp=15;# Total duty at water-circulating pump in kw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "E=E_t+E_wcp;# Total tower duty in kW\n",
-    "w_er=E*0.41*10**-3;# Evaporation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Cr_80=30;# Circulation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "Cr_160=60;# Circulation rate in kg/s\n",
-    "w_air=E*0.06;# Air flow rate in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nEvaporation rate=%0.2f kg/s \\nCirculation rate,80times=%2.0f kg/s \\nCirculation rate,160times=%2.0f kg/s \\nAir flow rate=%2.0f kg/s\"%(w_er,Cr_80,Cr_160,w_air)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.4,PAGE NUMBER:85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# Variable declaration\n",
-    "Cc=700;# The cooling capacity in kW\n",
-    "P_c=170;# The compressor power in kW\n",
-    "c_b=0.0012;# Concentration of solids in bleed-off (kg/kg)\n",
-    "c_m=0.00056;# Concentration of solids in make-up water in kg/kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "E_tc=Cc+P_c;# Cooling tower capacity in kW\n",
-    "h_fg=2420;# Latent heat of water vapour in kJ/kg\n",
-    "w_e=E_tc*10**3/h_fg;# Rate of evaporation in g/s\n",
-    "w_m=(w_e*(c_b))/(c_b-c_m);# Rate of make up in kg/s\n",
-    "w_bo=w_m-w_e;# Rate of bleed off in kg/s\n",
-    "print\"\\nRate of make up=%0.2f kg/s \\nRate of bleed off=%0.2f kg/s\"%(w_m/1000,w_bo/1000)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap10_Curves.ipynb b/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap10_Curves.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index b87fe16a..00000000
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap10_Curves.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1023 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Chapter 10: Curves"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 379   pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('Tangent length =', 58.45305445925609)\n",
-      "('Length long of cord=', 114.35142994976763)\n",
-      "('Length of curve =', 115.19173063162576)\n",
-      "('chainage of commencement =', 1262.046945540744)\n",
-      "('chainage of tangency =', 1377.2386761723697)\n",
-      "('apex distance =', 6.143663587883047)\n",
-      "('versed sine of curve is', 6.009409798203436)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#ch-10 page 379   pb-1\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=275;\n",
-    "t=24;\n",
-    "l=1320.5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tl=r*math.tan((t/2)*(math.pi/180));\n",
-    "print('Tangent length =',tl);\n",
-    "llc=2*r*math.sin((t/2)*(math.pi/180));\n",
-    "print('Length long of cord=',llc);\n",
-    "loc=(math.pi*r*t/180);\n",
-    "print('Length of curve =',loc)\n",
-    "coc=l-tl;\n",
-    "ct=coc+loc;\n",
-    "print('chainage of commencement =',coc);\n",
-    "print('chainage of tangency =',ct);\n",
-    "k=math.cos((t/2)*math.pi/180);\n",
-    "ad=r*((1/k)-1);\n",
-    "print('apex distance =',ad)\n",
-    "k1=math.cos((t/2)*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "vsc=r*(1-k1);\n",
-    "print('versed sine of curve is',vsc);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 379,380   pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('radius of curve ', 573.0)\n",
-      "('Tangent length =', 153.5348872630333)\n",
-      "('Length of curve =', 300.02209841782525)\n",
-      "('Length long of cord=', 296.60662568748876)\n",
-      "('chainage of commencement =', 2606.4651127369666)\n",
-      "('chainage of tangency =', 2906.487211154792)\n",
-      "('length of each half =', 148.30331284374438)\n",
-      "('O30=', 18.738622298863106, 'O60=', 16.374481794326243, 'O90=', 12.412299602376265, 'O120=', 6.81817453294525, 'O148.3=', 0.0)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#ch-10 page 379,380   pb-2\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ac=45.5;cb=75.5;\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=cb-ac;\n",
-    "l1=1719;\n",
-    "l=2760;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "r=l1/3;\n",
-    "print('radius of curve ',r);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#c\n",
-    "tl=r*math.tan((t/2)*(math.pi/180));\n",
-    "print('Tangent length =',tl);\n",
-    "#d\n",
-    "loc=(math.pi*r*t/180);\n",
-    "print('Length of curve =',loc)\n",
-    "#e\n",
-    "llc=2*r*math.sin((t/2)*(math.pi/180));\n",
-    "print('Length long of cord=',llc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f,g\n",
-    "coc=l-tl;\n",
-    "ct=coc+loc;\n",
-    "print('chainage of commencement =',coc);\n",
-    "print('chainage of tangency =',ct);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#h\n",
-    "\n",
-    "half=0.5*llc;\n",
-    "print('length of each half =',half);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ini=30;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k=math.sqrt(r*r-(half*half));\n",
-    "o=r-k\n",
-    "k1=r-o;\n",
-    "O30=(math.sqrt(r*r-(ini*ini)))-k1;\n",
-    "O60=(math.sqrt(r*r-(2*ini*2*ini)))-k1;\n",
-    "     \n",
-    "O90=(math.sqrt(r*r-(3*ini*3*ini)))-k1;\n",
-    "O120=(math.sqrt(r*r-(4*ini*4*ini)))-k1;\n",
-    "Oh=(math.sqrt(r*r-(half*half)))-k1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('O30=',O30,'O60=',O60,'O90=',O90,'O120=',O120,'O148.3=',Oh);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### ch-10 page 381   pb-3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('Tangent length =', 150.2288093231531)\n",
-      "('Length of curve =', 278.55454861829503)\n",
-      "('chainage of T1=', 360.00119067684693)\n",
-      "('chainage of T2=', 638.555739295142)\n",
-      "('chainage covered=', 630.0011906768469)\n",
-      "('Length of final sub cord=', 8.55454861829503)\n",
-      "('first ofset=', 1.5)\n",
-      "('second ofset=', 3.0)\n",
-      "('tenth ofset=', 0.5496946010193738)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=126.8;\n",
-    "t=180-a;\n",
-    "r=300;\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "tl=r*math.tan((t/2)*(math.pi/180));\n",
-    "print('Tangent length =',tl);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#c\n",
-    "loc=(math.pi*r*t/180);\n",
-    "print('Length of curve =',loc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#d\n",
-    "l=510.23;\n",
-    "ct1=l-tl;\n",
-    "ct2=ct1+loc;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage of T1=',ct1);\n",
-    "print('chainage of T2=',ct2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#f\n",
-    "n=9;\n",
-    "b=30;\n",
-    "cc=ct1+270;\n",
-    "lfsc=ct2-cc;\n",
-    "print('chainage covered=',cc);\n",
-    "print('Length of final sub cord=',lfsc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O1=(b*b)/(2*r);\n",
-    "O2=(b*b)/r;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "O10=(lfsc*(b+lfsc))/(2*r);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('first ofset=',O1);\n",
-    "print('second ofset=',O2);\n",
-    "print('tenth ofset=',O10);\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 382   pb-4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(165.95962740164575, 158.58327092428829)\n",
-      "('Radius R=', 143.72525333242524)\n",
-      "('Tangent length BT1=', 82.97981370082289)\n",
-      "('Tangent length CT1=', 67.02018629917711)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ab=30;bc=90;cd=140;\n",
-    "l1=250;l2=150;l3=325;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "abc=210-bc;\n",
-    "t1=0.5*abc;\n",
-    "bcd=270-cd;\n",
-    "t2=0.5*bcd;\n",
-    "t3=180-(t1+t2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k=(math.sin(t2*(math.pi/180)))/(math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "OB=l2*k;\n",
-    "k1=(math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180)))/(math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "OC=l2*k1;\n",
-    "print(OB,OC);\n",
-    "R=OB*(math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "print('Radius R=',R);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BT1=OB*(math.cos(t1*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "CT1=OC*(math.cos(t2*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('Tangent length BT1=',BT1);\n",
-    "print('Tangent length CT1=',CT1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "       \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 383   pb-5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('R1=', 368.61561236693893)\n",
-      "('length of arc T1T2=', 209.43951023931953)\n",
-      "('length of arc T2T3=', 386.0133666034928)\n",
-      "('chainage of T1=', 792.8203230275509)\n",
-      "('chainage of T3=', 1388.2731998703632)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=400;\n",
-    "t1=15;t2=30;t3=60;\n",
-    "ct=900;\n",
-    "l=320;\n",
-    "BT2=r*(math.tan((t1)*math.pi/180));\n",
-    "CT2=l-BT2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r1=(CT2)/(math.tan((t2)*math.pi/180));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('R1=',r1);\n",
-    "t1t2=(math.pi*r*t2)/(180);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t2t3=(math.pi*r1*t3)/(180);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('length of arc T1T2=',t1t2);\n",
-    "print('length of arc T2T3=',t2t3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ct1=ct-BT2;\n",
-    "ct3=ct1+t1t2+t2t3;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage of T1=',ct1);\n",
-    "print('chainage of T3=',ct3);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 384   pb-6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('R2=', 1092.8203230275515)\n",
-      "('length of arc T1T2=', 209.43951023931953)\n",
-      "('length of arc T2T3=', 572.1993830861634)\n",
-      "('chainage of point of reverse curvature =', 1709.4395102393196)\n",
-      "('chainage of finishing point T3=', 2281.638893325483)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r1=400;\n",
-    "t1=30;d=200;\n",
-    "ct1=1500;\n",
-    "k=1-(math.cos(t1*(math.pi/180)))\n",
-    "T1G=r1*(k);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r2=(d-T1G)/k;\n",
-    "print('R2=',r2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t1t2=(math.pi*r1*t1)/180;\n",
-    "t2t3=(math.pi*r2*t1)/180;\n",
-    "print('length of arc T1T2=',t1t2);\n",
-    "print('length of arc T2T3=',t2t3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ct2=ct1+t1t2;\n",
-    "ct3=ct2+t2t3;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage of point of reverse curvature =',ct2);\n",
-    "print('chainage of finishing point T3=',ct3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 385   pb-7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('EF=', 228.7451827250347)\n",
-      "('chainage of T1=', 701.0877129159065)\n",
-      "('chainage of D=', 1015.2469782748858)\n",
-      "('chainage of T2', 1137.4200259144889)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=135;a2=145;\n",
-    "t1=180-a1;\n",
-    "t2=180-a2;\n",
-    "t3=180-(t1+t2);\n",
-    "r1=400;r2=200;\n",
-    "ct=1000;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ED=r1*(math.tan((t1/2)*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FD=r2*(math.tan((t2/2)*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "EF=ED+FD;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('EF=',EF);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BE=EF*(math.sin(t2*(math.pi/180)))/(math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BF=EF*(math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180)))/(math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ct1=ct-(BE+ED);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cd=ct1+((math.pi*r1*t1)/(180));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ct2=cd+((math.pi*r2*t2)/(180));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage of T1=',ct1);\n",
-    "print('chainage of D=',cd);\n",
-    "print('chainage of T2',ct2);\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 386   pb-8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('Radius R=', 272.7765415715475)\n",
-      "('angle Theta=', 109.0)\n",
-      "('curve length T1D=', 145.2058875651141)\n",
-      "('curve length DT2=', 192.814375291381)\n",
-      "('chainage of T1=', 1305.430383812096)\n",
-      "('chainage of T2=', 1643.4506466685912)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t1=30.5;\n",
-    "t2=40.5;\n",
-    "EF=175;\n",
-    "cb=1500;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k1=math.tan((t1/2)*(math.pi/180));\n",
-    "k2=math.tan((t2/2)*(math.pi/180));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=EF/(k1+k2);\n",
-    "print('Radius R=',r);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "et1=r*k1;\n",
-    "ft2=r*k2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t3=180-(t1+t2);\n",
-    "print('angle Theta=',t3);\n",
-    "k3=(math.sin(t2*(math.pi/180)))/(math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "k4=(math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180)))/(math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "be=EF*k3;\n",
-    "bf=EF*k4;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t1d=(math.pi*r*t1)/180;\n",
-    "dt2=(math.pi*r*t2)/180;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('curve length T1D=',t1d);\n",
-    "print('curve length DT2=',dt2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ct1=cb-(be+et1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ct2=ct1+t1d+dt2;\n",
-    "print('chainage of T1=',ct1);\n",
-    "print('chainage of T2=',ct2)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 387   pb-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('theta 3=', 10.649036741314365)\n",
-      "('Radius R=', 829.124128893828)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t1=80-70;\n",
-    "l=50;\n",
-    "k=1/(math.cos(20*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k1=k*(math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "t3=math.asin(k1);\n",
-    "t3=t3*(180/(math.pi));\n",
-    "print('theta 3=',t3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t3=180-t3;\n",
-    "t2=180-(t3+t1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=l*(math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180)))/(math.sin(0.6*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "print('Radius R=',r);\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 388   pb-10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('radius of circular curvature=', 402.713280728911)\n",
-      "('length of transistion curve =', 90.83333333333334)\n",
-      "('spiral angle=', 6.461627773592511)\n",
-      "('central angle=', 47.07674445281498)\n",
-      "('length of circular curve =', 330.88702808033025)\n",
-      "('shift of curve =', 0.8536568115234379)\n",
-      "('tangent length =', 278.4161466916694)\n",
-      "('chainage of 1st tangent point =', 871.5838533083306)\n",
-      "('chainage of 2nd tangent point =', 1384.1375480553274)\n",
-      "('chainage of 1st junction point =', 962.417186641664)\n",
-      "('chainage of 2nd junction point =', 1293.3042147219942)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sp=80;\n",
-    "v=(sp*1000)/(60*60);\n",
-    "cr=(1/8);\n",
-    "g=9.81;\n",
-    "a=60;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=(v*v)/(g*cr);\n",
-    "print('radius of circular curvature=',r);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "k=0.3;\n",
-    "l=(v*v*v)/(k*r);\n",
-    "print('length of transistion curve =',l);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sa=l/(2*r);\n",
-    "sa=sa*(180/(math.pi));\n",
-    "print('spiral angle=',sa);\n",
-    "ca=a-(2*sa);\n",
-    "print('central angle=',ca);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lcc=(math.pi*r*ca)/180;\n",
-    "print('length of circular curve =',lcc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s=(l*l)/(24*r);\n",
-    "print('shift of curve =',s);\n",
-    "ag=a/2;\n",
-    "t=(r+s)*(math.tan(ag*(math.pi/180)))+(l/2);\n",
-    "print('tangent length =',t);\n",
-    "#c\n",
-    "cip=1150;\n",
-    "c1t=cip-t;\n",
-    "c1j=c1t+l;\n",
-    "c2j=c1j+lcc;\n",
-    "c2t=c2j+l;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage of 1st tangent point =',c1t);\n",
-    "print('chainage of 2nd tangent point =',c2t);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage of 1st junction point =',c1j);\n",
-    "print('chainage of 2nd junction point =',c2j);\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 389   pb-11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('radius =', 343.8)\n",
-      "('tangent length =', 108.39972361659453)\n",
-      "('curve length =', 210.01546889247766)\n",
-      "('chainage of 1st point =', 1471.6002763834056)\n",
-      "('chainage of 2nd point =', 1681.6157452758832)\n",
-      "('length of final sub chord =', 8.399723616594429)\n",
-      "('chainage covered=', 1660)\n",
-      "('length of final sub chord', 21.615745275883228)\n",
-      "('deflection angle for initial sub chord =', 43.52844633883164, 'min')\n",
-      "('deflection angle for full chord', 2.5910642019719075, 'min')\n",
-      "('deflection angle for final sub chord', 1.8669261261094798, 'min')\n",
-      "('total deflection angle=', 17.5)\n",
-      "('apex distance =', 16.6843132234107)\n",
-      "('versed sine of curve =', 15.91211233275958)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=145;\n",
-    "cpi=1580;\n",
-    "de=5;\n",
-    "pi=30;\n",
-    "lct=0.00555;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "da=180-a;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=(1719)/5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('radius =',r);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tl=r*(math.tan((da/2)*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "print('tangent length =',tl);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cl=(math.pi*r*da)/180;\n",
-    "print('curve length =',cl);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c1t=cpi-tl;\n",
-    "print('chainage of 1st point =',c1t);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#d\n",
-    "c2t=c1t+cl;\n",
-    "print('chainage of 2nd point =',c2t);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#e\n",
-    "lisc=1480-c1t;\n",
-    "print('length of final sub chord =',lisc);\n",
-    "#f\n",
-    "n=6;\n",
-    "ini=30;\n",
-    "cc=1480+(n*30);\n",
-    "print('chainage covered=',cc);\n",
-    "#g\n",
-    "lfsc=c2t-cc;\n",
-    "print('length of final sub chord',lfsc);\n",
-    "#h\n",
-    "dasc=((c2t+100)*lisc)/(r);\n",
-    "print('deflection angle for initial sub chord =',dasc,'min');\n",
-    "#i\n",
-    "dafc=((c2t+100)*pi)/r;\n",
-    "print('deflection angle for full chord',dafc/60,'min');\n",
-    "#j\n",
-    "dafsc=((c2t+100)*lfsc)/r;\n",
-    "print('deflection angle for final sub chord',dafsc/60,'min');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#k\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tda=da/2;\n",
-    "print('total deflection angle=',tda);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#l\n",
-    "k=1/(math.cos(tda*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "ad=r*(k-1);\n",
-    "print('apex distance =',ad);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vs=r*(1-(math.cos(tda*(math.pi/180))));\n",
-    "print('versed sine of curve =',vs);\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 391   pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('length of vertical curve =', 240.0)\n",
-      "('chainage of A', 430.0)\n",
-      "('chainage of C', 670.0)\n",
-      "('Rl of A', 374.9)\n",
-      "('Rl of C', 374.66)\n",
-      "('Rl of E', 374.78)\n",
-      "('Rl of F', 375.14)\n",
-      "('tangent correction at the apex =', 0.36000000000001364)\n",
-      "('tangent correction at 1st,2nd,3rd,4th,5th,6th, points', 0.01, 0.04, 0.09, 0.16, 0.25, 0.36)\n",
-      "RL of the points on grade\n",
-      "(375.0, 375.1, 375.20000000000005, 375.30000000000007, 375.4000000000001, 375.5000000000001)\n",
-      "RL of the points on curve\n",
-      "(374.99, 375.06, 375.11000000000007, 375.14000000000004, 375.1500000000001, 375.1400000000001)\n",
-      "Rls of points on the grade right side\n",
-      "(375.36, 375.22, 375.08000000000004, 374.94000000000005, 374.80000000000007)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "pi=20;\n",
-    "cb=550;\n",
-    "rlb=375.5;\n",
-    "g1=0.5;\n",
-    "g2=-0.7;\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "vc=((g1-g2)*20)/0.1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('length of vertical curve =',vc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b,c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ca=cb-(vc/2);\n",
-    "cc=ca+vc;\n",
-    "print('chainage of A',ca);\n",
-    "print('chainage of C',cc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#d,e,f,g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rla=rlb-((g1*0.5*vc)/100);\n",
-    "rlc=rlb-((-g2*0.5*vc)/100);\n",
-    "rle=0.5*(rla+rlc);\n",
-    "rlf=0.5*(rlb+rle);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('Rl of A',rla);\n",
-    "print('Rl of C',rlc);\n",
-    "print('Rl of E',rle);\n",
-    "print('Rl of F',rlf);\n",
-    "#h\n",
-    "tc=rlb-rlf;\n",
-    "print('tangent correction at the apex =',tc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i\n",
-    "tc1=((g1-g2)*(pi*pi))/(400*0.5*vc);\n",
-    "tc2=((g1-g2)*(2*pi*2*pi))/(400*0.5*vc);\n",
-    "tc3=((g1-g2)*(3*pi*3*pi))/(400*0.5*vc);\n",
-    "tc4=((g1-g2)*(4*pi*4*pi))/(400*0.5*vc);\n",
-    "tc5=((g1-g2)*(5*pi*5*pi))/(400*0.5*vc);\n",
-    "tc6=((g1-g2)*(6*pi*6*pi))/(400*0.5*vc);\n",
-    "print('tangent correction at 1st,2nd,3rd,4th,5th,6th, points',tc1,tc2,tc3,tc4,tc5,tc6);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#j\n",
-    "rp=(g1*pi)/100;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rl1=rla+rp;\n",
-    "rl2=rl1+rp;\n",
-    "rl3=rl2+rp;\n",
-    "rl4=rl3+rp;\n",
-    "rl5=rl4+rp;\n",
-    "rl6=rl5+rp;\n",
-    "print('RL of the points on grade');\n",
-    "print(rl1,rl2,rl3,rl4,rl5,rl6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#k\n",
-    "rlc1=rl1-tc1;\n",
-    "rlc2=rl2-(tc2);\n",
-    "rlc3=rl3-(tc3);\n",
-    "rlc4=rl4-(tc4);\n",
-    "rlc5=rl5-(tc5);\n",
-    "rlc6=rl6-(tc6);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('RL of the points on curve');\n",
-    "print(rlc1,rlc2,rlc3,rlc4,rlc5,rlc6);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#l\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fp=0.14;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rlg5=rlb-fp;\n",
-    "rlg4=rlg5-fp;\n",
-    "rlg3=rlg4-fp;\n",
-    "rlg2=rlg3-fp;\n",
-    "rlg1=rlg2-fp;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('Rls of points on the grade right side');\n",
-    "print(rlg5,rlg4,rlg3,rlg2,rlg1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-10 page 393   pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('length of vertical curve', 300.0)\n",
-      "('RL of A=', 252.0)\n",
-      "('RL of C=', 251.25)\n",
-      "('RL of E=', 251.625)\n",
-      "('RL of F=', 251.0625)\n",
-      "RL on the grade on the side AB \n",
-      "(251.7, 251.39999999999998, 251.09999999999997, 250.79999999999995)\n",
-      "RL on grade on side BC\n",
-      "(250.65, 250.8, 250.95000000000002, 251.10000000000002)\n",
-      "tangent correction from expression \n",
-      "(-0.0225, -0.09, -0.2025, -0.36)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cb=400;\n",
-    "rlb=250.5;\n",
-    "pi=30;\n",
-    "g1=-1.0;\n",
-    "g2=0.5;\n",
-    "g=0.1;\n",
-    "ga=20;\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "vc=(g1-g2)/g;\n",
-    "vc=-vc*ga;\n",
-    "print('length of vertical curve',vc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b,c\n",
-    "ca=cb-(0.5*vc);\n",
-    "cc=ca+vc;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#d,e,f,g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rla=rlb+((0.5*vc)/100);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rlc=rlb+((0.5*0.5*vc)/100);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rle=0.5*(rla+rlc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rlf=0.5*(rle+rlb);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('RL of A=',rla);\n",
-    "print('RL of C=',rlc);\n",
-    "print('RL of E=',rle);\n",
-    "print('RL of F=',rlf);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#h\n",
-    "fp=pi/100;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rl1=rla-fp;\n",
-    "rl2=rl1-fp;\n",
-    "rl3=rl2-fp;\n",
-    "rl4=rl3-fp;\n",
-    "print('RL on the grade on the side AB ');\n",
-    "print(rl1,rl2,rl3,rl4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rp=(0.5*pi)/100;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rls4=rlb+rp\n",
-    "rls3=rls4+rp\n",
-    "rls2=rls3+rp\n",
-    "rls1=rls2+rp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('RL on grade on side BC');\n",
-    "print(rls4,rls3,rls2,rls1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#j\n",
-    "\n",
-    "y1=((g1-g2)*(pi*pi))/(cb*0.5*vc);\n",
-    "y2=((g1-g2)*(2*pi*2*pi))/(cb*0.5*vc);\n",
-    "y3=((g1-g2)*(3*pi*3*pi))/(cb*0.5*vc);\n",
-    "y4=((g1-g2)*(4*pi*4*pi))/(cb*0.5*vc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('tangent correction from expression ');\n",
-    "print(y1,y2,y3,y4);\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap2_Chain-Surveying.ipynb b/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap2_Chain-Surveying.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index e3e0c595..00000000
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap2_Chain-Surveying.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# Chapter 2: Chain Surveying"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "###   pg-56, pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('max length of offset should be', 6.8842279474019135, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ag=5;\n",
-    "giv=0.03;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=20;\n",
-    "l=(giv*L/(math.sin(ag*math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=l;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BC=AB*(math.sin(ag*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "BC=BC/20;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('max length of offset should be',l,'meters');\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-2  page-56, pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('required displacement perpendicular to chain is', 0.0020556978681392835, 'meters')\n",
-      "('displacement parallel ot chain is', 0.07850393436441575, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AD=AB=15;\n",
-    "ag=3;\n",
-    "AC=15*(math.cos(ag*(math.pi/180)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "CD=AB-AC\n",
-    "sc=10;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "CD=CD/sc;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('required displacement perpendicular to chain is',CD,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BC=AB*(math.sin(ag*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BC=BC/sc;\n",
-    "print('displacement parallel ot chain is',BC,'meters');\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap3_Compass-Traversing.ipynb b/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap3_Compass-Traversing.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index af93c556..00000000
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap3_Compass-Traversing.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1695 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# Chapter 3: Compass Traversing"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3, section 3.10, pg85, problem 1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "N 45 degrees 30.0 minutes E\n",
-      "S 54 degrees 15.0 minutes E\n",
-      "S 42 degrees 15.0 minutes W\n",
-      "N 39 degrees 30.0 minutes W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "WCB_AB=45+(30/60)\n",
-    "QB_AB=WCB_AB\n",
-    "mins=(QB_AB-int(QB_AB))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(QB_AB)\n",
-    "print \"N\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes E\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "WCB_BC=125+(45/60)\n",
-    "QB_BC=180-WCB_BC\n",
-    "mins=(QB_BC-int(QB_BC))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(QB_BC)\n",
-    "print \"S\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes E\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "WCB_CD=222+(15/60)\n",
-    "QB_CD=WCB_CD-180\n",
-    "deg=int(QB_CD)\n",
-    "mins=(QB_CD-deg)*60\n",
-    "print \"S\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "WCB_DE=320+(30/60)\n",
-    "QB_DE=360-WCB_DE\n",
-    "deg=int(QB_DE)\n",
-    "mins=(QB_DE-deg)*60\n",
-    "print \"N\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes W\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3,section 3.10,problem 2,pg 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "216 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "136 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "26 degrees 45.0 minutes\n",
-      "319 degrees 45.0 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "QB_AB=36+(30/60)\n",
-    "WCB_AB=180+QB_AB\n",
-    "mins=(WCB_AB-int(WCB_AB))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(WCB_AB)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "QB_BC=43+(30/60)\n",
-    "WCB_BC=180-QB_BC\n",
-    "mins=(WCB_BC-int(WCB_BC))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(WCB_BC)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "QB_CD=26+(45/60)\n",
-    "WCB_CD=QB_CD\n",
-    "mins=(WCB_CD-int(WCB_CD))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(WCB_CD)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "QB_DE=40+(15/60)\n",
-    "WCB_DE=360-QB_DE\n",
-    "mins=(WCB_DE-int(WCB_DE))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(WCB_DE)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3,section 3.11,problem 1,pg 85"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "130 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "325 degrees 15.0 minutes\n",
-      "30 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "240 degrees 45.0 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "FB_AB=310+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_AB=FB_AB-180\n",
-    "mins=(BB_AB-int(BB_AB))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(BB_AB)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "FB_BC=145+(15/60)\n",
-    "BB_BC=FB_BC+180\n",
-    "mins=(BB_BC-int(BB_BC))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(BB_BC)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "FB_CD=210+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_CD=FB_CD-180\n",
-    "mins=(BB_CD-int(BB_CD))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(BB_CD)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "FB_DE=60+(45/60)\n",
-    "BB_DE=FB_DE+180\n",
-    "mins=(BB_DE-int(BB_DE))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(BB_DE)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3,section 3.11,problem 2,pg 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "N 30 degrees 30.0 minutes W\n",
-      "S 40 degrees 30.0 minutes E\n",
-      "N 60 degrees 15.0 minutes E\n",
-      "S 45 degrees 30.0 minutes W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "FB_AB=30+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_AB=FB_AB\n",
-    "mins=(BB_AB-int(BB_AB))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(BB_AB)\n",
-    "print \"N\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "FB_AB=40+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_AB=FB_AB\n",
-    "mins=(BB_AB-int(BB_AB))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(BB_AB)\n",
-    "print \"S\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes E\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "FB_AB=60+(15/60)\n",
-    "BB_AB=FB_AB\n",
-    "mins=(BB_AB-int(BB_AB))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(BB_AB)\n",
-    "print \"N\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes E\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "FB_AB=45+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_AB=FB_AB\n",
-    "mins=(BB_AB-int(BB_AB))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(BB_AB)\n",
-    "print \"S\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes W\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3,section 3.11,problem 3,pg 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "220 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "130 degrees 45.0 minutes\n",
-      "325 degrees 45.0 minutes\n",
-      "35 degrees 30.0 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "BB_AB=40+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_AB=BB_AB+180\n",
-    "mins=(FB_AB-int(FB_AB))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(FB_AB)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "BB_BC=310+(45/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=BB_BC-180\n",
-    "mins=(FB_BC-int(FB_BC))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(FB_BC)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "BB_CD=145+(45/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=BB_CD+180\n",
-    "mins=(FB_CD-int(FB_CD))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(FB_CD)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "BB_DE=215+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_DE=BB_DE-180\n",
-    "mins=(FB_DE-int(FB_DE))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(FB_DE)\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    " \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3,section 3.11,problem 4,pg 86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "S 30 degrees 30.0 minutes E\n",
-      "N 40 degrees 15.0 minutes W\n",
-      "S 60 degrees 45.0 minutes W\n",
-      "N 45 degrees 30.0 minutes E\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "BB_AB=30+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_AB=BB_AB\n",
-    "mins=(FB_AB-int(FB_AB))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(FB_AB)\n",
-    "print \"S\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes E\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "BB_BC=40+(15/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=BB_BC\n",
-    "mins=(FB_BC-int(FB_BC))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(FB_BC)\n",
-    "print \"N\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(c)\n",
-    "BB_CD=60+(45/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=BB_CD\n",
-    "mins=(FB_CD-int(FB_CD))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(FB_CD)\n",
-    "print \"S\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(d)\n",
-    "BB_DE=45+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_DE=BB_DE\n",
-    "mins=(FB_DE-int(FB_DE))*60\n",
-    "deg=int(FB_DE)\n",
-    "print \"N\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes E\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3, section 3.12, pg87, problem 1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "truebearing of AB= 130 degrees 15.0 minutes\n",
-      "magnetic bearing of AB= 219 degrees 0.0 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "magneticbearing=135+0.5\n",
-    "declination=5+0.25\n",
-    "truebearing=magneticbearing-declination\n",
-    "deg=int(truebearing)\n",
-    "mins=truebearing-deg\n",
-    "print \"truebearing of AB=\",deg,\"degrees\",15.0,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "truebearing=210+(45/60)\n",
-    "declination=8+(15/60)\n",
-    "magnetic_bearing=truebearing+declination\n",
-    "deg=int(magnetic_bearing)\n",
-    "mins=magnetic_bearing-deg\n",
-    "print \"magnetic bearing of AB=\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3, section 3.12, pg87, problem 2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Required true bearing= S 40 degrees 30.0 minutes W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "RB_CD=30+(15/60)\n",
-    "WCB_CD=180+RB_CD\n",
-    "declination=10+(15/60)\n",
-    "TB=WCB_CD+declination\n",
-    "truebearing=TB-180\n",
-    "deg=int(truebearing)\n",
-    "mins=(truebearing-deg)*60\n",
-    "print \"Required true bearing=\",\"S\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\",\"W\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3, section 3.12, pg88, problem 3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetic bearing= 312 degrees 45.0 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "magneticbearing=320+(30/60)\n",
-    "declination=3+(30/60)\n",
-    "truebearing=magneticbearing-declination\n",
-    "declination2=4+(15/60)\n",
-    "MB=truebearing-declination2\n",
-    "deg=int(MB)\n",
-    "mins=(MB-deg)*60\n",
-    "print \"Magnetic bearing=\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3, section 3.12, pg88, problem 4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "4 degrees 30.0 minutes E\n",
-      "5 degrees 45.0 minutes W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "magneticbearing=175+(30/60)\n",
-    "magneticdeclination=180-magneticbearing\n",
-    "deg=int(magneticdeclination)\n",
-    "mins=(magneticdeclination-deg)*60\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes E\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "magneticdeclination=5+(45/60)\n",
-    "deg=int(magneticdeclination)\n",
-    "mins=(magneticdeclination-deg)*60\n",
-    "print deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes W\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3, section 3.13, pg88, problem 1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "AngleAOB= 109 degrees 45.0 minutes\n",
-      "AngleBOC= 80 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "AngleCOD= 89 degrees 45.0 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "bearingOB=140+(15/60)\n",
-    "bearingOA=30+(30/60)\n",
-    "angleAOB=bearingOB-bearingOA\n",
-    "deg=int(angleAOB)\n",
-    "mins=(angleAOB-deg)*60\n",
-    "print \"AngleAOB=\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "bearingOC=220+(45/60)\n",
-    "angleBOC=bearingOC-bearingOB\n",
-    "deg=int(angleBOC)\n",
-    "mins=(angleBOC-deg)*60\n",
-    "print \"AngleBOC=\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "bearingOD=310+(30/60)\n",
-    "angleCOD=bearingOD-bearingOC\n",
-    "deg=int(angleCOD)\n",
-    "mins=(angleCOD-deg)*60\n",
-    "print \"AngleCOD=\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### chapter 3, section 3.13, pg89, problem 2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Interior angle B= 105 degrees 15.0 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle C= 99 degrees 45.0 minutes\n",
-      "Exterior angle D= 260 degrees 15.0 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle D= 99 degrees 45.0 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "interiorB=(45+(30/60))+180-(120+(15/60))\n",
-    "deg=int(interiorB)\n",
-    "mins=(interiorB-deg)*60\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle B=\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "interiorC=(120+(15/60))+180-(200+(30/60))\n",
-    "deg=int(interiorC)\n",
-    "mins=(interiorC-deg)*60\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle C=\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "exteriorD=(280+(45/60))+180-(200+(30/60))\n",
-    "deg=int(exteriorD)\n",
-    "mins=(exteriorD-deg)*60\n",
-    "print \"Exterior angle D=\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "interiorD=360-(260+(15/60))\n",
-    "deg=int(interiorD)\n",
-    "mins=(interiorD-deg)*60\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle D=\",deg,\"degrees\",mins,\"minutes\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### section 3.13, problem 3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "80 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "200 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "320 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "80 degrees 30.0 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_AB=80+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=FB_AB+180-60\n",
-    "FB_CA=FB_BC-180+300\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg1=int(FB_AB)\n",
-    "mins1=(FB_AB-deg1)*60\n",
-    "deg2=int(FB_BC)\n",
-    "mins2=(FB_BC-deg2)*60\n",
-    "deg3=int(FB_CA)\n",
-    "mins3=(FB_CA-deg3)*60\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\";\n",
-    "print deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\";\n",
-    "print deg3,\"degrees\",mins3,\"minutes\";\n",
-    "print deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\";\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### section 3.13, problem 3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "120 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "210 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "300 degrees 30.0 minutes\n",
-      "30 degrees 30.0 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_AB=120+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=FB_AB+180-90\n",
-    "FB_CD=FB_BC-180+270\n",
-    "FB_DA=FB_CD-180-90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg1=int(FB_AB)\n",
-    "mins1=(FB_AB-deg1)*60\n",
-    "deg2=int(FB_BC)\n",
-    "mins2=(FB_BC-deg2)*60\n",
-    "deg3=int(FB_CD)\n",
-    "mins3=(FB_CD-deg3)*60\n",
-    "deg4=int(FB_DA)\n",
-    "mins4=(FB_DA-deg4)*60\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\";\n",
-    "print deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\";\n",
-    "print deg3,\"degrees\",mins3,\"minutes\";\n",
-    "print deg4,\"degrees\",mins4,\"minutes\";\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### Chapter 3, section 3.13, pg 91, problem 5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "30 degrees 0.0 minutes\n",
-      "318 degrees 0.0 minutes\n",
-      "246 degrees 0.0 minutes\n",
-      "174 degrees 0.0 minutes\n",
-      "102 degrees 0 minutes\n",
-      "30 degrees 0 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "interiorB=540/5\n",
-    "FB_AB=30+(0/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=FB_AB+180+interiorB\n",
-    "FB_CD=FB_BC-180+interiorB\n",
-    "FB_DE=FB_CD-180+interiorB\n",
-    "FB_EA=FB_DE+180-360+interiorB\n",
-    "FB_AB=FB_EA+180-360+interiorB\n",
-    "deg1=int(FB_AB)\n",
-    "mins1=(FB_AB-deg1)*60\n",
-    "deg2=int(FB_BC)\n",
-    "mins2=(FB_BC-deg2)*60\n",
-    "deg3=int(FB_CD)\n",
-    "mins3=(FB_CD-deg3)*60\n",
-    "deg4=int(FB_DE)\n",
-    "mins4=(FB_DE-deg4)*60\n",
-    "deg5=int(FB_EA)\n",
-    "mins5=0\n",
-    "deg6=int(FB_AB)\n",
-    "mins6=0\n",
-    "print deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print deg3,\"degrees\",mins3,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print deg4,\"degrees\",mins4,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print deg5,\"degrees\",mins5,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print deg6,\"degrees\",mins6,\"minutes\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "### pg 92, prob6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "exterior angle A 150 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "interior angle A 209 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "Exterior angle B 309 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "interior angle B 50 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "interior angle C 95 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "interior angle D 102 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "interior angle E 82 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "540 degrees 540.0 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BB_AB=330+(15/60)\n",
-    "BB_BC=200+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_CD=115+(45/60)\n",
-    "BB_DE=38+(0/60)\n",
-    "BB_EA=300+(30/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "exteriorA=BB_EA-(150+(15/60))\n",
-    "interiorA=360-exteriorA\n",
-    "exteriorB=BB_AB-(20+(30/60))\n",
-    "interiorB=360-exteriorB\n",
-    "interiorC=(295+(45/60))-BB_BC\n",
-    "interiorD=218-BB_CD\n",
-    "interiorE=(120.5)-BB_DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg1=int(exteriorA)\n",
-    "mins1=int((exteriorA-deg1)*60)\n",
-    "deg2=int(interiorA)\n",
-    "mins2=int((interiorA-deg2)*60)\n",
-    "deg3=int(exteriorB)\n",
-    "mins3=int((exteriorB-deg3)*60)\n",
-    "deg4=int(interiorB)\n",
-    "mins4=int((interiorB-deg4)*60)\n",
-    "deg5=int(interiorC)\n",
-    "mins5=int((interiorC-deg5)*60)\n",
-    "deg6=int(interiorD)\n",
-    "mins6=int((interiorD-deg6)*60)\n",
-    "deg7=int(interiorE)\n",
-    "mins7=int((interiorE-deg7)*60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=5\n",
-    "check=(2*n-4)*90\n",
-    "summ=interiorA+interiorB+interiorC+interiorD+interiorE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"exterior angle A\",deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"interior angle A\",deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Exterior angle B\",deg3,\"degrees\",mins3,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"interior angle B\",deg4,\"degrees\",mins4,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"interior angle C\",deg5,\"degrees\",mins5,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"interior angle D\",deg6,\"degrees\",mins6,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"interior angle E\",deg7,\"degrees\",mins7,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print check,\"degrees\",summ,\"degrees\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### pg 93, prob7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Interior angle A 58 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle B 105 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle C 109 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle D 86 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "360 degrees 360.0 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_AB=45+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=60+(0/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=10+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_DA=75+(45/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BB_AB=45+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_BC=60+(0/60)\n",
-    "BB_CD=10+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_DA=75+(45/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "interiorA=180-(FB_AB+BB_DA)\n",
-    "interiorB=(FB_BC+BB_AB)\n",
-    "interiorC=180-(BB_BC+FB_CD)\n",
-    "interiorD=(FB_DA+BB_CD)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg1=int(interiorA)\n",
-    "mins1=int((interiorA-deg1)*60)\n",
-    "deg2=int(interiorB)\n",
-    "mins2=int((interiorB-deg2)*60)\n",
-    "deg3=int(interiorC)\n",
-    "mins3=int((interiorC-deg3)*60)\n",
-    "deg4=int(interiorD)\n",
-    "mins4=int((interiorD-deg4)*60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=4\n",
-    "check=(2*n-4)*90\n",
-    "summ=interiorA+interiorB+interiorC+interiorD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle A\",deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle B\",deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle C\",deg3,\"degrees\",mins3,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle D\",deg4,\"degrees\",mins4,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print check,\"degrees\",summ,\"degrees\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### pg 93, prob8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Interior angle A= 79 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle B= 99 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "exterior angle C= 258 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle C= 101 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "exterior angle D= 170 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle D= 189 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle E= 70 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "540 degrees 541.0 degrees\n",
-      "error= 1 degrees\n",
-      "-12.0 minutes\n",
-      "corrected values are:\n",
-      "Interior angle A= 79 degrees 18.0 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle B= 99 degrees 18.0 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle C= 101 degrees 33.0 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle D= 189 degrees 33.0 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle E= 70 degrees 18.0 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BB_AB=330+(0/60)\n",
-    "BB_BC=48+(0/60)\n",
-    "BB_CD=127+(45/60)\n",
-    "BB_DE=120+(0/60)\n",
-    "BB_EA=229+(30/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_AB=150+(0/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=230+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=306+(15/60)\n",
-    "FB_DE=298+(0/60)\n",
-    "FB_EA=49+(30/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "interiorA=BB_EA-FB_AB\n",
-    "interiorB=BB_AB-FB_BC\n",
-    "exteriorC=FB_CD-BB_BC\n",
-    "interiorC=360-(258+(15/60))\n",
-    "exteriorD=FB_DE-BB_CD\n",
-    "interiorD=360-exteriorD\n",
-    "interiorE=BB_DE-FB_EA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg1=int(interiorA)\n",
-    "mins1=int((interiorA-deg1)*60)\n",
-    "deg2=int(interiorB)\n",
-    "mins2=int((interiorB-deg2)*60)\n",
-    "deg3=int(exteriorC)\n",
-    "mins3=int((exteriorC-deg3)*60)\n",
-    "deg4=int(interiorC)\n",
-    "mins4=int((interiorC-deg4)*60)\n",
-    "deg5=int(exteriorD)\n",
-    "mins5=int((exteriorD-deg5)*60)\n",
-    "deg6=int(interiorD)\n",
-    "mins6=int((interiorD-deg6)*60)\n",
-    "deg7=int(interiorE)\n",
-    "mins7=int((interiorE-deg7)*60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=5\n",
-    "check=(2*n-4)*90\n",
-    "summ=interiorA+interiorB+interiorC+interiorD+interiorE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle A=\",deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle B=\",deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"exterior angle C=\",deg3,\"degrees\",mins3,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle C=\",deg4,\"degrees\",mins4,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"exterior angle D=\",deg5,\"degrees\",mins5,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle D=\",deg6,\"degrees\",mins6,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle E=\",deg7,\"degrees\",mins7,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print check,\"degrees\",summ,\"degrees\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "error=541-540\n",
-    "correction=(-60/5)\n",
-    "print \"error=\",error,\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print correction,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "correctedvalue1=mins1+correction\n",
-    "correctedvalue2=mins2+correction\n",
-    "correctedvalue4=mins4+correction\n",
-    "correctedvalue6=mins6+correction\n",
-    "correctedvalue7=mins7+correction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"corrected values are:\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle A=\",deg1,\"degrees\",correctedvalue1,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle B=\",deg2,\"degrees\",correctedvalue2,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle C=\",deg4,\"degrees\",correctedvalue4,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle D=\",deg6,\"degrees\",correctedvalue6,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle E=\",deg7,\"degrees\",correctedvalue7,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### pg 95, prob1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Interior angle A= 44 degrees 0 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle B= 26 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "exterior angle C= 200 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle C= 159 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle D= 42 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "Interior angle E= 267 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "540 degrees 540.0 degrees\n",
-      "242.75 correct 330.25 correct\n",
-      "corrected values are:\n",
-      "FB_AB= 194 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "FB_BC= 40 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "FB_CD= 20 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "FB_DE= 242 degrees 45 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BB_AB=13+(0/60)\n",
-    "BB_BC=222+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_CD=200+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_DE=62+(45/60)\n",
-    "BB_EA=147+(45/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_AB=191+(45/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=39+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=22+(15/60)\n",
-    "FB_DE=242+(45/60)\n",
-    "FB_EA=330+(15/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "interiorA=FB_AB-BB_EA\n",
-    "interiorB=FB_BC-BB_AB\n",
-    "exteriorC=BB_BC-FB_CD\n",
-    "interiorC=360-(200+(15/60))\n",
-    "interiorD=FB_DE-BB_CD\n",
-    "interiorE=FB_EA-BB_DE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg1=int(interiorA)\n",
-    "mins1=int((interiorA-deg1)*60)\n",
-    "deg2=int(interiorB)\n",
-    "mins2=int((interiorB-deg2)*60)\n",
-    "deg3=int(exteriorC)\n",
-    "mins3=int((exteriorC-deg3)*60)\n",
-    "deg4=int(interiorC)\n",
-    "mins4=int((interiorC-deg4)*60)\n",
-    "deg6=int(interiorD)\n",
-    "mins6=int((interiorD-deg6)*60)\n",
-    "deg7=int(interiorE)\n",
-    "mins7=int((interiorE-deg7)*60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=5\n",
-    "check=(2*n-4)*90\n",
-    "summ=interiorA+interiorB+interiorC+interiorD+interiorE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle A=\",deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle B=\",deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"exterior angle C=\",deg3,\"degrees\",mins3,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle C=\",deg4,\"degrees\",mins4,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle D=\",deg6,\"degrees\",mins6,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"Interior angle E=\",deg7,\"degrees\",mins7,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print check,\"degrees\",summ,\"degrees\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print FB_DE,\"correct\",FB_EA,\"correct\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=FB_EA-180+interiorA\n",
-    "BC=(194+(15/60))-180+interiorB\n",
-    "CD=(40+(45/60))+180-exteriorC\n",
-    "DE=(20+(30/60))+180+interiorD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg1=int(AB)\n",
-    "mins1=int((AB-deg1)*60)\n",
-    "deg2=int(BC)\n",
-    "mins2=int((BC-deg2)*60)\n",
-    "deg3=int(CD)\n",
-    "mins3=int((CD-deg3)*60)\n",
-    "deg4=int(DE)\n",
-    "mins4=int((DE-deg4)*60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"corrected values are:\"\n",
-    "print \"FB_AB=\",deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"FB_BC=\",deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"FB_CD=\",deg3,\"degrees\",mins3,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"FB_DE=\",deg4,\"degrees\",mins4,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### pg 95, prob1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "included angle A= 79 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "included angle B= 99 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "included angle C= 101 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "exterior angle D= 171 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "included angle D= 188 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "exterior angle D= 289 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "included angle E= 70 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "540 degrees 540.0 degrees\n",
-      "68.25 correct 148.75 correct 248.25 correct\n",
-      "correction= 1\n",
-      "corrected values are:\n",
-      "FB_AB= 68 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "FB_CD= 227 degrees 0 minutes\n",
-      "BB_CD= 47 degrees 0 minutes\n",
-      "FB_DE= 218 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "BB_DE= 38 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "AB=100m, BC=100m,CD=50m, scale=20m for plot\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BB_AB=248+(15/60)\n",
-    "BB_BC=326+(15/60)\n",
-    "BB_CD=46+(0/60)\n",
-    "BB_DE=38+(15/60)\n",
-    "BB_EA=147+(45/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_AB=68+(15/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=148+(45/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=224+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_DE=217+(15/60)\n",
-    "FB_EA=327+(45/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "includedA=-FB_AB+BB_EA\n",
-    "includedB=-FB_BC+BB_AB\n",
-    "includedC=BB_BC-FB_CD\n",
-    "includedD=360-(171+(15/60))\n",
-    "exteriorD=FB_DE-BB_CD\n",
-    "exteriorE=FB_EA-BB_DE\n",
-    "includedE=360-(289+(30/60))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg1=int(includedA)\n",
-    "mins1=int((includedA-deg1)*60)\n",
-    "deg2=int(includedB)\n",
-    "mins2=int((includedB-deg2)*60)\n",
-    "deg3=int(includedC)\n",
-    "mins3=int((includedC-deg3)*60)\n",
-    "deg4=int(exteriorD)\n",
-    "mins4=int((exteriorD-deg4)*60)\n",
-    "deg5=int(includedD)\n",
-    "mins5=int((includedD-deg5)*60)\n",
-    "deg6=int(exteriorE)\n",
-    "mins6=int((exteriorE-deg6)*60)\n",
-    "deg7=int(includedE)\n",
-    "mins7=int((includedE-deg7)*60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=5\n",
-    "check=(2*n-4)*90\n",
-    "summ=includedA+includedB+includedC+includedD+includedE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"included angle A=\",deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"included angle B=\",deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"included angle C=\",deg3,\"degrees\",mins3,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"exterior angle D=\",deg4,\"degrees\",mins4,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"included angle D=\",deg5,\"degrees\",mins5,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"exterior angle D=\",deg6,\"degrees\",mins6,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"included angle E=\",deg7,\"degrees\",mins7,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print check,\"degrees\",summ,\"degrees\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print FB_AB,\"correct\",FB_BC,\"correct\",BB_AB,\"correct\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_BC=(328+(45/60))-(326+(15/60))\n",
-    "FB_CD=(224+(30/60))+FB_BC\n",
-    "BB_CD=227-180\n",
-    "correctionatD=1                     \n",
-    "FB_DE=(217+(15/60))+1\n",
-    "BB_DE=FB_DE-180\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg1=int(FB_AB)\n",
-    "mins1=int((FB_AB-deg1)*60)\n",
-    "deg2=int(FB_CD)\n",
-    "mins2=int((FB_CD-deg2)*60)\n",
-    "deg3=int(BB_CD)\n",
-    "mins3=int((BB_CD-deg3)*60)\n",
-    "deg4=int(FB_DE)\n",
-    "mins4=int((FB_DE-deg4)*60)\n",
-    "deg5=int(BB_DE)\n",
-    "mins5=int((BB_DE-deg5)*60)                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"correction=\",correctionatD\n",
-    "print \"corrected values are:\"\n",
-    "print \"FB_AB=\",deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"FB_CD=\",deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"BB_CD=\",deg3,\"degrees\",mins3,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"FB_DE=\",deg4,\"degrees\",mins4,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"BB_DE=\",deg5,\"degrees\",mins5,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"AB=100m, BC=100m,CD=50m, scale=20m for plot\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### pg 100, prob3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "59.0 correct 139.5 correct 239.0 correct\n",
-      "correctionatC= 2.5\n",
-      "correctionatD= 1.25\n",
-      "correctionatE= 0.25\n",
-      "corrected values are:\n",
-      "BB_CD= 217.75  BB_DE= 209.25  BB_EA= 138.75\n",
-      "FB_CD= 217 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "FB_DE= 209 degrees 15 minutes\n",
-      "FB_EA= 318 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "declination= -10 degrees W\n",
-      "true bearing values:\n",
-      "BB_AB= 229.0\n",
-      "BB_BC= 309.5\n",
-      "BB_CD= 27.75\n",
-      "BB_DE= 19.0\n",
-      "BB_EA= 128.75\n",
-      "FB_AB= 49\n",
-      "FB_BC= 129.5\n",
-      "FB_CD= 207.75\n",
-      "FB_DE= 199.25\n",
-      "FB_EA= 308.75\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BB_AB=239+(00/60)\n",
-    "BB_BC=317+(00/60)\n",
-    "BB_CD=36+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_DE=29+(00/60)\n",
-    "BB_EA=138+(45/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_AB=59+(00/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=139+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=215+(15/60)\n",
-    "FB_DE=208+(0/60)\n",
-    "FB_EA=318+(30/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print FB_AB,\"correct\",FB_BC,\"correct\",BB_AB,\"correct\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "correctionatC=2+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=(215+(15/60))+correctionatC\n",
-    "correctionatD=1+(15/60)\n",
-    "FB_DE=208+correctionatD\n",
-    "correctionatE=(15/60)\n",
-    "FB_EA=(318+(30/60))+correctionatE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg2=int(FB_CD)\n",
-    "mins2=int((FB_CD-deg2)*60)\n",
-    "deg4=int(FB_DE)\n",
-    "mins4=int((FB_DE-deg4)*60)\n",
-    "deg5=int(FB_EA)\n",
-    "mins5=int((FB_EA-deg5)*60)                    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"correctionatC=\",correctionatC\n",
-    "print \"correctionatD=\",correctionatD\n",
-    "print \"correctionatE=\",correctionatE\n",
-    "print \"corrected values are:\"\n",
-    "print \"BB_CD=\",217.75,\" BB_DE=\",209.25,\" BB_EA=\",138.75\n",
-    "print \"FB_CD=\",deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"FB_DE=\",deg4,\"degrees\",mins4,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"FB_EA=\",deg5,\"degrees\",mins5,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"declination=\",-10,\"degrees W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BB_AB=239+(00/60)-10\n",
-    "BB_BC=317+(00/60)-10+correctionatC\n",
-    "BB_CD=36+(30/60)-10+correctionatD\n",
-    "BB_DE=29+(00/60)-10\n",
-    "BB_EA=138+(45/60)-10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_AB=59-10\n",
-    "FB_BC=(139+(30/60))-10\n",
-    "FB_CD=(215+(15/60))-10+correctionatC\n",
-    "FB_DE=(208+(0/60))-10+correctionatD\n",
-    "FB_EA=(318+(30/60))-10+correctionatE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"true bearing values:\"\n",
-    "print \"BB_AB=\",BB_AB \n",
-    "print \"BB_BC=\",BB_BC\n",
-    "print \"BB_CD=\",BB_CD\n",
-    "print \"BB_DE=\",BB_DE\n",
-    "print \"BB_EA=\",BB_EA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"FB_AB=\",FB_AB\n",
-    "print \"FB_BC=\",FB_BC\n",
-    "print \"FB_CD=\",FB_CD\n",
-    "print \"FB_DE=\",FB_DE\n",
-    "print \"FB_EA=\",FB_EA\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### pg 102, prob4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "45.5 correct 60.0 correct 45.5 correct\n",
-      "correctionatC= 0.666666666667\n",
-      "correctionatD= 1.5\n",
-      "corrected values are:\n",
-      "BB_CD=N 4.83 W  BB_BC=N 60 degrees W\n",
-      "FB_CD=N 4.83 W  FB_DA=N 85 degrees W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BB_AB=45+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_BC=60+(40/60)\n",
-    "BB_CD=3+(20/60)\n",
-    "BB_DA=85+(00/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_AB=45+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=60+(0/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=5+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_DA=83+(30/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print FB_AB,\"correct\",FB_BC,\"correct\",BB_AB,\"correct\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "correctionatC=-0+(40/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=(5+(30/60))+correctionatC\n",
-    "correctionatD=1+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_DA=83+(30/60)+correctionatD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg2=int(FB_CD)\n",
-    "mins2=int((FB_CD-deg2)*60)\n",
-    "deg4=int(FB_DA)\n",
-    "mins4=int((FB_DA-deg4)*60)\n",
-    "            \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"correctionatC=\",correctionatC;\n",
-    "print \"correctionatD=\",correctionatD\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"corrected values are:\";\n",
-    "print \"BB_CD=N\",4.83,\"W\",\" BB_BC=N\",60,\"degrees W\";\n",
-    "print \"FB_CD=N\",4.83,\"W\",\" FB_DA=N\",85,\"degrees W\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### pg 102, prob4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "80.0 correct 40.5 correct 80.0 correct\n",
-      "correctionatB= 0.75\n",
-      "correctionatC= 0.5\n",
-      "corrected values are:\n",
-      "BB_AB=N 40.5 E  BB_BC=N 80 degrees E\n",
-      "FB_CD=N 20 E  FB_DA=S 80 degrees E\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BB_AB=41+(15/60)\n",
-    "BB_BC=79+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_CD=20+(0/60)\n",
-    "BB_DA=80+(00/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_AB=40+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=80+(45/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=19+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_DA=80+(00/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print FB_DA,\"correct\",FB_AB,\"correct\",BB_DA,\"correct\";\n",
-    "\n",
-    "correctionatB=-0+(45/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=(80+(45/60))+correctionatB\n",
-    "correctionatC=0+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=19+(30/60)+correctionatC\n",
-    "        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"correctionatB=\",correctionatB;\n",
-    "print \"correctionatC=\",correctionatC;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"corrected values are:\";\n",
-    "print \"BB_AB=N\",40.5,\"E\",\" BB_BC=N\",80,\"degrees E\";\n",
-    "print \"FB_CD=N\",20,\"E\",\" FB_DA=S\",80,\"degrees E\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### pg 104, prob6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "included angle A= 79 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "included angle B= 99 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "included angle C= 101 degrees 45 minutes\n",
-      "exterior angle D= 171 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "included angle D= 188 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "exterior angle D= 289 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "included angle E= 70 degrees 30 minutes\n",
-      "540 degrees 540.0 degrees\n",
-      "59.0 correct 139.5 correct 239.0 correct\n",
-      "correction= 1.25\n",
-      "corrected values are:\n",
-      "BB_BC= 319.5 BB_CD= 73.75 degrees BB_DE= 29.25 degrees\n",
-      "FB_CD= 217.75 FB_DE= 209.25 degrees FB_EA= 318.75 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "BB_AB=239+(00/60)\n",
-    "BB_BC=317+(0/60)\n",
-    "BB_CD=36+(30/60)\n",
-    "BB_DE=29+(00/60)\n",
-    "BB_EA=138+(45/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_AB=59+(0/60)\n",
-    "FB_BC=139+(30/60)\n",
-    "FB_CD=215+(15/60)\n",
-    "FB_DE=208+(0/60)\n",
-    "FB_EA=318+(30/60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a)\n",
-    "includedA=-FB_AB+BB_EA\n",
-    "includedB=-FB_BC+BB_AB\n",
-    "includedC=BB_BC-FB_CD\n",
-    "includedD=360-(171+(30/60))\n",
-    "exteriorD=FB_DE-BB_CD\n",
-    "exteriorE=FB_EA-BB_DE\n",
-    "includedE=360-(289+(30/60))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "deg1=int(includedA)\n",
-    "mins1=int((includedA-deg1)*60)\n",
-    "deg2=int(includedB)\n",
-    "mins2=int((includedB-deg2)*60)\n",
-    "deg3=int(includedC)\n",
-    "mins3=int((includedC-deg3)*60)\n",
-    "deg4=int(exteriorD)\n",
-    "mins4=int((exteriorD-deg4)*60)\n",
-    "deg5=int(includedD)\n",
-    "mins5=int((includedD-deg5)*60)\n",
-    "deg6=int(exteriorE)\n",
-    "mins6=int((exteriorE-deg6)*60)\n",
-    "deg7=int(includedE)\n",
-    "mins7=int((includedE-deg7)*60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=5\n",
-    "check=(2*n-4)*90\n",
-    "summ=includedA+includedB+includedC+includedD+includedE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"included angle A=\",deg1,\"degrees\",mins1,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"included angle B=\",deg2,\"degrees\",mins2,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"included angle C=\",deg3,\"degrees\",mins3,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"exterior angle D=\",deg4,\"degrees\",mins4,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"included angle D=\",deg5,\"degrees\",mins5,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"exterior angle D=\",deg6,\"degrees\",mins6,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"included angle E=\",deg7,\"degrees\",mins7,\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print check,\"degrees\",summ,\"degrees\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(b)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print FB_AB,\"correct\",FB_BC,\"correct\",BB_AB,\"correct\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FB_CD=(215+(15/60))+(2+(30/60))\n",
-    "BB_CD=(37+(45/60))\n",
-    "correctionatD=(1+(15/60))                    \n",
-    "FB_DE=(208+(0/60))+correctionatD\n",
-    "FB_EA=(318+(30/60))+(0+(15/60))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "                 \n",
-    "print \"correction=\",correctionatD;\n",
-    "print \"corrected values are:\";\n",
-    "print \"BB_BC=\",319.5, \"BB_CD=\",73.75,\"degrees\", \"BB_DE=\",29.25,\"degrees\";\n",
-    "print \"FB_CD=\",217.75, \"FB_DE=\",209.25,\"degrees\", \"FB_EA=\",318.75,\"degrees\";\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap5_Levelling.ipynb b/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap5_Levelling.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index a73f9fc8..00000000
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap5_Levelling.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,903 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# Chapter 5: Levelling"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 151, pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('correct reading on A =', 2.524965929375, 'meters')\n",
-      "('correct reading of B =', 1.75499327, 'meters')\n",
-      "('true difference is', 0.769972659375, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=150;\n",
-    "b=100;\n",
-    "ar=2.525;\n",
-    "br=1.755;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sc=1000;\n",
-    "d=(a*a)/(sc*sc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=0.0673*d*d;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fa=ar-A;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('correct reading on A =',fa,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=(b*b)/(sc*sc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=0.0673*d*d;\n",
-    "fb=br-B;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('correct reading of B =',fb,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=fa-fb;\n",
-    "print('true difference is',AB,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 152, pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('heigght of lighthouse is', 60.57000000000001, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=30;\n",
-    "sc=1000;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h=0.0673*d*d;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('heigght of lighthouse is',h,'meters');\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 152, pb-3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('D=', 27.25696334003587)\n",
-      "('dimp  of horizon', 0.0042789581381531975, 'degrees')\n",
-      "('dimp  of horizon', 14.709974521760092, 'minutes')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h=50;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=math.sqrt(h/0.0673);\n",
-    "print('D=',d);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=6370;\n",
-    "dip=d/r;\n",
-    "print('dimp  of horizon',dip,'degrees');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dip1=dip*((180*60)/math.pi)\n",
-    "print('dimp  of horizon',dip1,'minutes');\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 152,153, pb-4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('distance between man and object is', 39.44664791774385, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h1=50;\n",
-    "h2=10;\n",
-    "c=0.0673;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=math.sqrt(h1/c);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d2=math.sqrt(h2/c);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dis=d1+d2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('distance between man and object is',dis,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page-153, pb-5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('height of the hill is ', 309.46147646724046, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h1=10;\n",
-    "c=0.0673\n",
-    "d1=math.sqrt(h1/c);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d2=d1-80;               #since d1+d2=80;\n",
-    "h2=c*d2*d2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('height of the hill is ',h2,'meters');\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page-153,154   pb-6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('distance AB =', 86.24055457549457, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h1=100;\n",
-    "h2=150;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r2=12880;\n",
-    "c=(6/7)*(1000/r2);\n",
-    "d1=math.sqrt(h1/c)\n",
-    "d2=math.sqrt(h2/c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=d1+d2;\n",
-    "print('distance AB =',d,'meters');\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page-154   pb-7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('R=', 20.00000000000007)\n",
-      "('sensitiveness of bubble is ', 20.626499999999925, 'seconds')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r1=2.550;\n",
-    "r2=2.500;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s=r1-r2;\n",
-    "d=0.002;\n",
-    "D=100;\n",
-    "n=5;\n",
-    "r=(n*d*D/s);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('R=',r);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "alp=(s/(n*D))*206265;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('sensitiveness of bubble is ',alp,'seconds');\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page-154,155   pb-8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('error is ', 0.01939252902819189, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=2;\n",
-    "D=100;\n",
-    "alp=20;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s=(alp*n*D)/206265;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('error is ',s,'meters');\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page-156,   pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('true level of difference is', 1.115, 'meters')\n",
-      "('RL of B =', 124.435, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=2.245;\n",
-    "b=3.375;\n",
-    "AB=b-a;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ap=1.955;\n",
-    "bp=3.055;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dAB=bp-ap;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tl=(AB+dAB)/2;\n",
-    "print('true level of difference is',tl,'meters')\n",
-    "rla=125.55;\n",
-    "rlb=rla-tl;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('RL of B =',rlb,'meters');\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 157, pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('true RL of B', 524.065, 'meters')\n",
-      "('combined corrction for 500m=', 0.016825, 'meters')\n",
-      "('collimation error per 100m=', -0.0023599999999999997, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "aa=1.155;\n",
-    "ab=2.595;\n",
-    "ba=0.985;\n",
-    "bb=2.415;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "td=((ab-aa)+(bb-ba))/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rla=525.5;\n",
-    "rlb=rla-td;\n",
-    "dab=500;\n",
-    "print('true RL of B',rlb,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dab1=dab/1000;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "correct=0.0673*dab1*dab1;\n",
-    "print('combined corrction for 500m=',correct,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sc=100;\n",
-    "a=1.155;\n",
-    "e=-(0.0118*sc)/(dab);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('collimation error per 100m=',e,'meters')\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 157,158, pb-3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('true difference between A and B is ', 0.33999999999999997, 'meters')\n",
-      "('amount of collimation error =', -0.015000000000000124, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "aa=1.725;\n",
-    "ab=1.370;\n",
-    "ba=1.560;\n",
-    "bb=1.235;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=aa-ab;\n",
-    "B=ba-bb;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=(A+B)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('true difference between A and B is ',AB,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "CB=bb;\n",
-    "CA=CB+AB;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "OCA=1.560;\n",
-    "e=OCA-CA;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('amount of collimation error =',e,'meters');\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 158,159, pb-4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('apparent difference of level between A and B is', 0.52, 'meters')\n",
-      "('apparent difference of level at B', 0.8999999999999999, 'meters')\n",
-      "('true differece of level=', 0.71)\n",
-      "('correction to be applied at A is =', -0.18999999999999995)\n",
-      "('RL of B=', 449.29, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "aa=1.725;\n",
-    "ab=2.245;\n",
-    "ba=2.145;\n",
-    "bb=3.045;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "AB=200;\n",
-    "rla=450;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "aAB=ab-aa;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('apparent difference of level between A and B is',aAB,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dB=bb-ba\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('apparent difference of level at B',dB,'meters')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "td=(aAB+dB)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('true differece of level=',td);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "CB=bb;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "CA=CB-td;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e=ba-CA;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('correction to be applied at A is =',e)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rlb=rla-td;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('RL of B=',rlb,'meters')\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 185,186  pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "0.52\n",
-      "('apparent difference of level =', 0.8999999999999999, 'meters')\n",
-      "('true difference of level=', 0.71, 'meters')\n",
-      "('true reading on A=', 2.335, 'meters')\n",
-      "('collimation error =', -0.18999999999999995, 'meters')\n",
-      "('RL of B=', 449.29, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "aa=1.725;\n",
-    "ab=2.245;\n",
-    "ba=2.145;\n",
-    "bb=3.045;\n",
-    "dAB=200;\n",
-    "rla=450.0;\n",
-    "AB=ab-aa;\n",
-    "print(AB)\n",
-    "adif=bb-ba\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('apparent difference of level =',adif,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "td=(AB+adif)/2;\n",
-    "print('true difference of level=',td,'meters')\n",
-    "#b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tb=bb;\n",
-    "ta=bb-td;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('true reading on A=',ta,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e=ba-ta;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('collimation error =',e,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rlb=rla-td;\n",
-    "print('RL of B=',rlb,'meters');\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 186,187  pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('correct staff reading on B should be =', 1.0650000000000002, 'meters')\n",
-      "('collimation error is ', 0.08499999999999974, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ma=1.585;\n",
-    "mb=1.225;\n",
-    "aa=1.425;\n",
-    "ab=1.150;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dAB=100;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#a\n",
-    "td=ma-mb;\n",
-    "B=aa-td;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('correct staff reading on B should be =',B,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e=ab-B;\n",
-    "print('collimation error is ',e,'meters')\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 187  pb-3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "first setting\n",
-      "('true difference is', 0.08499999999999996, 'meters')\n",
-      "('apparent difference of level =', 0.06999999999999984, 'meters')\n",
-      "second setting\n",
-      "('collimation error is', 0.015000000000000124, 'meters')\n",
-      "('correction at A=', 0.0015000000000000126, 'meters')\n",
-      "('correction at B=', 0.01650000000000014, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#ch-5 page 187  pb-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dAB=100;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "aa=1.875;\n",
-    "ab=1.790;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "le=10;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ba=1.630;\n",
-    "bb=1.560;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "td=aa-ab;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "apd=ba-bb;\n",
-    "print('first setting')\n",
-    "print('true difference is',td,'meters');\n",
-    "print('apparent difference of level =',apd,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('second setting');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=ba-td;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e1=bb-A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cA=(le/dAB)*e1\n",
-    "cB=((le+dAB)/dAB)*e1\n",
-    "print('collimation error is',e1,'meters')\n",
-    "print('correction at A=',cA,'meters')\n",
-    "print('correction at B=',cB,'meters')\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 163  pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(0.645, 1.115, 0.7650000000000001, 0.23499999999999988, 0.85, 3.6100000000000003)\n",
-      "(2.835, 1.1949999999999998, 0.625, 1.375, 6.029999999999999)\n",
-      "('k=', -2.4200000000000017)\n",
-      "('k1=', -2.419999999999999)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "bs1=2.375;bs2=2.835;bs3=0.435;\n",
-    "is1=1.730;is2=0.615;is3=2.070;is4=1.835;is5=1.630;\n",
-    "is6=2.255;\n",
-    "fs1=3.450;fs2=0.985;fs3=3.630;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sbs=bs1+bs2+bs3;\n",
-    "sis=is1+is2+is3+is4+is5+is6;\n",
-    "sfs=fs1+fs2+fs3;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r1=bs1-is1;\n",
-    "r2=is1-is2;\n",
-    "r3=bs2-is3;\n",
-    "r4=is3-is4;\n",
-    "r5=is4-fs2;\n",
-    "sr=r1+r2+r3+r4+r5;\n",
-    "print(r1,r2,r3,r4,r5,sr);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f1=bs2;\n",
-    "f2=is5-bs3;\n",
-    "f3=fs3-is6;\n",
-    "f4=is6-is5\n",
-    "sf=f1+f2+f3+f4;\n",
-    "print(f1,f2,f4,f3,sf);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k=sbs-sfs\n",
-    "print('k=',k);\n",
-    "k1=sr-sf\n",
-    "print('k1=',k1);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-5 page 163,164  pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(0.9049999999999998, 1.12, 1.7349999999999999, 1.365, 5.125)\n",
-      "(1.4749999999999999, 1.465, 0.665, 1.29, 4.8950000000000005)\n",
-      "('k=', 0.22999999999999954)\n",
-      "('k1=', 0.22999999999999954)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "bs1=3.150;bs2=3.860;bs3=0.470;\n",
-    "is1=2.245;is2=2.125;is3=0.760;is4=1.935;is5=3.225;\n",
-    "fs1=1.125;fs2=2.235;fs3=3.890;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sbs=bs1+bs2+bs3;\n",
-    "sis=is1+is2+is3+is4+is5;\n",
-    "sfs=fs1+fs2+fs3;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r1=bs1-is1;\n",
-    "r2=is1-fs1;\n",
-    "r3=bs2-is2;\n",
-    "r4=is2-is3;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sr=r1+r2+r3+r4;\n",
-    "print(r1,r2,r3,r4,sr);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f1=fs2-is3;\n",
-    "f2=is4-bs3;\n",
-    "f3=is5-is4;\n",
-    "f4=fs3-is5;\n",
-    "sf=f1+f2+f3+f4;\n",
-    "print(f1,f2,f4,f3,sf);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k=sbs-sfs\n",
-    "print('k=',k);\n",
-    "k1=sr-sf\n",
-    "print('k1=',k1);\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap7_Computation-of-Area.ipynb b/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap7_Computation-of-Area.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 25fe5def..00000000
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap7_Computation-of-Area.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,802 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# Chapter 7: Computation of Area"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-7 page 207   pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "chainage 0 and 20\n",
-      "('area=', 420.0)\n",
-      "chainage 20 and 65\n",
-      "('area=', 2250.0)\n",
-      "chainage 65 and 110\n",
-      "('area=', 1305.0)\n",
-      "chainage 90 and 110\n",
-      "('area=', 600.0)\n",
-      "chainage 40 and 90\n",
-      "('area=', 2000.0)\n",
-      "chainage 0 and 40\n",
-      "('area=', 400.0)\n",
-      "('area of field =', 6975.0)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 0 and 20')\n",
-    "a1=0;b1=20;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=0;o2=42;\n",
-    "mo1=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae1=base*mo1;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 20 and 65')\n",
-    "a1=20;b1=65;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=58;o2=42;\n",
-    "mo2=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae2=base*mo2;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 65 and 110')\n",
-    "a1=65;b1=110;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=0;o2=58;\n",
-    "mo3=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae3=base*mo3;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 90 and 110')\n",
-    "a1=90;b1=110;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=0;o2=60;\n",
-    "mo4=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae4=base*mo4;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 40 and 90')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=40;b1=90;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=60;o2=20;\n",
-    "mo5=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae5=base*mo5;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae5);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 0 and 40')\n",
-    "a1=0;b1=40;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=20;o2=0;\n",
-    "mo6=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae6=base*mo6\n",
-    "print('area=',ae6);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "area=ae1+ae2+ae3+ae4+ae5+ae6;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('area of field =',area);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-7 page 209,210   pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "chainage 15.5 and 27.5\n",
-      "('area=', 135.0)\n",
-      "chainage 15.5 and 50\n",
-      "('area=', 905.625)\n",
-      "chainage 50 and 75.5\n",
-      "('area=', 835.125)\n",
-      "chainage 75.5 and 86.7\n",
-      "('area=', 198.80000000000004)\n",
-      "chainage 86.7 and 90\n",
-      "('area=', 17.324999999999985)\n",
-      "chainage 60 and 90\n",
-      "('area=', 532.5)\n",
-      "chainage 35.5 and 60\n",
-      "('area=', 490.0)\n",
-      "chainage 27.5 and 35.5\n",
-      "('area=', 60.0)\n",
-      "('ap,ae=', 3022.05, 152.325)\n",
-      "('total area of field =', 2869.7250000000004)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 15.5 and 27.5')\n",
-    "a1=15.5;b1=27.5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=0;o2=22.5;\n",
-    "mo1=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae1=base*mo1;\n",
-    "ap1=0;\n",
-    "an1=ae1;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 15.5 and 50')\n",
-    "a1=15.5;b1=50;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=22.5;o2=30;\n",
-    "mo2=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae2=base*mo2;\n",
-    "ap2=ae2;\n",
-    "an2=0;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 50 and 75.5')\n",
-    "a1=50;b1=75.5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=30;o2=35.5;\n",
-    "mo3=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae3=base*mo3;\n",
-    "ap3=ae3;\n",
-    "an3=0;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 75.5 and 86.7')\n",
-    "a1=75.5;b1=86.7;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=35.5;o2=0;\n",
-    "mo4=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae4=base*mo4;\n",
-    "ap4=ae4;\n",
-    "an4=0;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 86.7 and 90')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=86.7;b1=90;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=0;o2=10.5;\n",
-    "mo5=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae5=base*mo5;\n",
-    "ap5=0;\n",
-    "an5=ae5;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae5);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 60 and 90')\n",
-    "a1=60;b1=90;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=10.5;o2=25.0;\n",
-    "mo6=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae6=base*mo6\n",
-    "ap6=ae6;\n",
-    "an6=0;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae6);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 35.5 and 60')\n",
-    "a1=35.5;b1=60;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=25;o2=15;\n",
-    "mo7=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae7=base*mo7\n",
-    "ap7=ae7;\n",
-    "an7=0;\n",
-    "print('area=',ae7);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('chainage 27.5 and 35.5')\n",
-    "a1=27.5;b1=35.5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "base=b1-a1;\n",
-    "o1=15;o2=0;\n",
-    "mo8=(o2+o1)/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ae8=base*mo8\n",
-    "ap8=ae8;\n",
-    "an8=0\n",
-    "print('area=',ae8);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "an=an1+an2+an3+an4+an5+an6+an7+an8;\n",
-    "ap=ap1+ap2+ap3+ap4+ap5+ap6+ap7+ap8;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "area=ap-an;\n",
-    "print('ap,ae=',ap,an)\n",
-    "print('total area of field =',area);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-7 page 214   pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mid ordinate rule\n",
-      "('required area is', 188.0, 'square meters')\n",
-      "average ordinate rule\n",
-      "('required area is', 161.14285714285714, 'sqare meters')\n",
-      "trapezoidal rule\n",
-      "('required area is ', 188.0, 'square meters')\n",
-      "simpsons rule\n",
-      "('required area is ', 196.66666666666669, 'square meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dis=10;\n",
-    "a=0;g=0;\n",
-    "b=2.5;c=3.5;d=5;e=4.6;f=3.2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('Mid ordinate rule');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h1=(a+b)/2;\n",
-    "h2=(b+c)/2;\n",
-    "h3=(c+d)/2;\n",
-    "h4=(d+e)/2;\n",
-    "h5=(e+f)/2;\n",
-    "h6=(f+g)/2;\n",
-    "area=dis*(h1+h2+h3+h4+h5+h6);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('required area is',area,'square meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('average ordinate rule');\n",
-    "dis=10;\n",
-    "p=6;\n",
-    "bl=dis*p;\n",
-    "no=7;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "area2=bl*(a+b+c+d+e+f+g)/no;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('required area is',area2,'sqare meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('trapezoidal rule');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "area3=(dis/2)*(2*(a+b+c+d+e+f+g));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('required area is ',area3,'square meters');\n",
-    "print('simpsons rule');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "area4=(dis/3)*(4*(b+d+f)+2*(c+e));\n",
-    "print('required area is ',area4,'square meters');\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-7 page 216   pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "trapezoidal rule\n",
-      "('required area is ', 820.125, 'square meters')\n",
-      "simpsons rule\n",
-      "(756.0, 57.375)\n",
-      "('required area is ', 813.375, 'square meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#ch-7 page 216   pb-2\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('trapezoidal rule');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "o1=3.5;o2=4.3;o3=6.75;o4=5.25;o5=7.5;o6=8.8;o7=7.9;\n",
-    "o8=6.4;o9=4.4;o10=3.25;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dis=15;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "area1=(dis/2)*(o1+o10+(2*(o2+o3+o4+o5+o6+o7+o8+o9)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('required area is ',area1,'square meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('simpsons rule')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1=dis/3*(o1+o9+4*(o2+o4+o6+o8)+2*(o3+o5+o7));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A2=dis/2*(o10+o9);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "area2=A1+A2;\n",
-    "print(A1,A2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('required area is ',area2,'square meters');\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "### cha 7 page -216 pb-3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "trapezoidal rule\n",
-      "(89.5, 106.49999999999999, 158.0)\n",
-      "('total area=', 354.0, 'meters')\n",
-      "simpsons rule\n",
-      "(89.66666666666667, 102.33333333333333, 157.33333333333334)\n",
-      "('total area is ', 349.33333333333337, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "o1=2.5;o2=3.8;o3=4.6;o4=5.2;o5=6.1;o6=4.7;o7=5.8;o8=3.9;o9=2.20;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=5;\n",
-    "d2=10;\n",
-    "d3=20;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('trapezoidal rule')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "del1=(d1/2)*(o1+o5+2*(o2+o3+o4));\n",
-    "del2=(d2/2)*(o5+o7+2*(o6));\n",
-    "del3=(d3/2)*(o7+o9+2*(o8));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "total1=del1+del2+del3;\n",
-    "print(del1,del2,del3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('total area=',total1,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('simpsons rule')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "de1=(d1/3)*(o1+o5+4*(o2+o4)+2*(o3));\n",
-    "de2=(d2/3)*(o5+o7+4*(o6));\n",
-    "de3=(d3/3)*(o7+o9+4*(o8));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "total2=de1+de2+de3;\n",
-    "print(de1,de2,de3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('total area is ',total2,'meters')\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha 7 page -225 pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('A=', 748.0)\n",
-      "('required area is', 748.0, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#cha 7 page -225 ;pb-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ir=9.377;\n",
-    "fr=3.336;\n",
-    "m=100;\n",
-    "c=23.521;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=m*(fr-ir+10*(n)+c);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a2=m*(fr-ir-10*(n)+c);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('A=',a2);\n",
-    "print('required area is',a2,'meters');\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha 7 page -225,226 pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('A=', 81460.00000000001)\n",
-      "('required area is', 81460.00000000001, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ir=8.652;\n",
-    "fr=6.798;\n",
-    "c=20;\n",
-    "m=100;\n",
-    "n=1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sc=100;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a2=m*(fr-ir-10*(n)+c);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a2=a2*sc;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('A=',a2);\n",
-    "print('required area is',a2,'meters');\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha 7 page -226 pb-3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('required area is', 9747.499999999998, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ir=4.855;\n",
-    "fr=8.754;\n",
-    "m=100;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=0;\n",
-    "c=0;\n",
-    "sc=25\n",
-    "a=m*(fr-ir)\n",
-    "a=a*sc;\n",
-    "print('required area is',a,'meters');\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-7 page-226  pb-4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "case 1\n",
-      "('A=', 100.0)\n",
-      "('M=', 100.0)\n",
-      "case 2\n",
-      "('required area is', 1347.0)\n",
-      "('area of zero circle is', 2122.0)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('case 1')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ir=3.415;\n",
-    "fr=4.415;\n",
-    "n=0;\n",
-    "c=0;\n",
-    "sc=16;   #1cm^2=16m^2;\n",
-    "h=10000;\n",
-    "ag=0.16*h;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "am=ag/sc;\n",
-    "print('A=',am);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m=am/(fr-ir);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('M=',m);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('case 2');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fr_ir=2.25;\n",
-    "c=21.22;\n",
-    "n=1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=m*(fr_ir-10+c);\n",
-    "print('required area is',a1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "area=m*c;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('area of zero circle is',area);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-7 page-227  pb-5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('area of zero circle is', 1221.0, 'square centimeters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l=10;b=15;\n",
-    "a1=l*b;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ir=0.686;\n",
-    "fr=9.976;\n",
-    "n=2;\n",
-    "m=100;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "marea=150;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=(marea/100)+10.710;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "area=m*c;\n",
-    "print('area of zero circle is',area,'square centimeters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-7 page-228  pb-6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "case 1\n",
-      "('area of figure is', 705.0, 'square cm')\n",
-      "case 2\n",
-      "('area of figure is', -1357.0, 'sq cm')\n",
-      "('C=', 20.62)\n",
-      "('area of zero circle is', 2062.0, 'square cm')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('case 1')\n",
-    "n=1;\n",
-    "c=0;\n",
-    "m=100;\n",
-    "fr=4.825;\n",
-    "ir=7.775;\n",
-    "area1=m*(fr-ir+10*n)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('area of figure is',area1,'square cm');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('case 2')\n",
-    "fr=8.755;\n",
-    "ir=2.325;\n",
-    "m=100;\n",
-    "n=2;\n",
-    "area2=m*(fr-ir-10*n+c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('area of figure is',area2,'sq cm')\n",
-    "c=(area1/m)+13.570;\n",
-    "print('C=',c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "areac=m*c;\n",
-    "print('area of zero circle is',areac,'square cm');\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap8_Computation-of-Volume.ipynb b/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap8_Computation-of-Volume.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 197ff573..00000000
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap8_Computation-of-Volume.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,713 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# Chapter 8: Computation of volume"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-8 page-241  pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(10.215, 14.84375, 28.433749999999996, 34.375, 23.633750000000003, 16.23375, 9.58375)\n",
-      "by trapezoidal rule\n",
-      "('V=', 5096.775, 'meter cube')\n",
-      "by prismoidal rule\n",
-      "('V=', 5143.25, 'meter cube')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h1=0.90;h2=1.25;h3=2.15;h4=2.50;h5=1.85;h6=1.35;h7=0.85;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=10;\n",
-    "sh=1.5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h=40;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=(b+(sh*h1))*h1;\n",
-    "d2=(b+(sh*h2))*h2;\n",
-    "d3=(b+(sh*h3))*h3;\n",
-    "d4=(b+(sh*h4))*h4;\n",
-    "d5=(b+(sh*h5))*h5;\n",
-    "d6=(b+(sh*h6))*h6;\n",
-    "d7=(b+(sh*h7))*h7;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(d1,d2,d3,d4,d5,d6,d7)\n",
-    "print('by trapezoidal rule');\n",
-    "v=(h/2)*(d1+d7+2*(d2+d3+d4+d5+d6));\n",
-    "print('V=',v,'meter cube');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('by prismoidal rule');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v1=(h/3)*(d1+d7+4*(d2+d4+d6)+2*(d3+d5));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('V=',v1,'meter cube');\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-8 page-241,242  pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(19.736842105263158, 29.487179487179485, 19.047619047619047, 23.214285714285715)\n",
-      "(7.125, 11.845, 7.68, 13.78, 16.5, 7.125)\n",
-      "from chainage 0 to 50\n",
-      "(70.3125, 179.3165955128205)\n",
-      "from chainage 50 to 100\n",
-      "(78.74925714285715, 174.63782051282053)\n",
-      "from chainage 100 to 150\n",
-      "(73.14285714285714, 213.2455)\n",
-      "from chainage 150 to 200\n",
-      "(221.13535714285715, 159.94642857142858)\n",
-      "from chainage 200 to 250\n",
-      "590.625\n",
-      "('total cutting =', 1033.9649714285715)\n",
-      "('total fitting=', 727.1463445970695)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h1=0.75;h2=1.15;h3=0.80;h4=1.30;h5=1.5;h6=0.75\n",
-    "b=8;sh=2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x1=(50*h1)/(h1+h2);\n",
-    "x2=(50*h2)/(h2+h3);\n",
-    "x3=(50*h3)/(h4+h3);\n",
-    "x4=(50*h4)/(h4+h5);\n",
-    "print(x1,x2,x3,x4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=(b+(sh*h1))*h1;\n",
-    "a2=(b+(sh*h2))*h2;\n",
-    "a3=(b+(sh*h3))*h3;\n",
-    "a4=(b+(sh*h4))*h4;\n",
-    "a5=(b+(sh*h5))*h5;\n",
-    "a6=(b+(sh*h6))*h6;\n",
-    "print(a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('from chainage 0 to 50');\n",
-    "c1=(a1/2)*(x1);\n",
-    "f1=(a2/2)*(x2+0.79);\n",
-    "print(c1,f1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('from chainage 50 to 100');\n",
-    "f2=(a2/2)*(x2);\n",
-    "c2=(a3/2)*(x3+1.46);\n",
-    "print(c2,f2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('from chainage 100 to 150');\n",
-    "c3=(a3/2)*(x3);\n",
-    "f3=(a4/2)*(30.95);\n",
-    "print(c3,f3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('from chainage 150 to 200');\n",
-    "f4=(a4/2)*(x4);\n",
-    "c4=(a5/2)*(x4+3.59);\n",
-    "print(c4,f4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('from chainage 200 to 250');\n",
-    "c5=((a1+a5)/2)*50;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(c5);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tc=c1+c2+c3+c4+c5;\n",
-    "tf=f1+f2+f3+f4;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('total cutting =',tc);\n",
-    "print('total fitting=',tf);\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-8 page-244  pb-3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(26.25, 11.5625, 8.5025, 15.9225, 22.44, 30.9225, 6.5625)\n",
-      "('volume=', 5472.125)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "h=50;\n",
-    "h1=2.50;h2=1.25;h3=0.95;h4=1.65;h5=2.20;h6=2.85;h7=0.75;\n",
-    "b=8;sh=1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=(b+(sh*h1))*h1;\n",
-    "a2=(b+(sh*h2))*h2;\n",
-    "a3=(b+(sh*h3))*h3;\n",
-    "a4=(b+(sh*h4))*h4;\n",
-    "a5=(b+(sh*h5))*h5;\n",
-    "a6=(b+(sh*h6))*h6;\n",
-    "a7=(b+(sh*h7))*h7;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6,a7);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=(h/3)*(a1+a7+4*(a2+a4+a6)+2*(a3+a5));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('volume=',v);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-8 page-245  pb-4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "according to trapezoidal rule\n",
-      "('volume =', 330375.0)\n",
-      "according to prismoidal rule\n",
-      "('volume =', 330250.0)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=2050;a2=8400;a3=16300;a4=24600;a5=31500;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h=5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('according to trapezoidal rule')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v1=(h/2)*(a1+a5+2*(a2+a3+a4));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('volume =',v1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('according to prismoidal rule')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v2=(h/3)*(a1+a5+4*(a2+a4)+2*(a3));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('volume =',v2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-8 page-245,246  pb-5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bottom section\n",
-      "('area A1=', 1200)\n",
-      "mid section\n",
-      "('area A2=', 2000.0)\n",
-      "top section\n",
-      "('area A3=', 30000)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('bottom section')\n",
-    "L=40;\n",
-    "B=30;\n",
-    "a1=L*B;\n",
-    "print('area A1=',a1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('mid section')\n",
-    "b=40;\n",
-    "sh=2.5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l=L+2*2*sh;\n",
-    "b=B+2*2*sh;\n",
-    "a2=l*b;\n",
-    "print('area A2=',a2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('top section')\n",
-    "sh=5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l1=L+2*sh;\n",
-    "b1=B*2*2*sh;\n",
-    "a3=l1*b1;\n",
-    "print('area A3=',a3)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-8 page-246,247  pb-6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "first section\n",
-      "(6.666666666666666, 5.454545454545455)\n",
-      "('area A1=', 20.36363636363636)\n",
-      "second section\n",
-      "(7.777777777777778, 6.363636363636363)\n",
-      "('area A2=', 33.494949494949495)\n",
-      "third section\n",
-      "(8.88888888888889, 7.2727272727272725)\n",
-      "('area A3=', 48.64646464646465)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=8;\n",
-    "h=2;\n",
-    "n=10;\n",
-    "s=1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('first section');\n",
-    "b1=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n-s))*(h+(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "b2=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n+s))*(h-(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=0.5*((((b/(2*s))+h))*(b1+b2)-((b*b)/(2*s)));\n",
-    "print(b1,b2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('area A1=',a1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('second section');\n",
-    "b=8;h=3;n=10;s=1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n-s))*(h+(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "b2=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n+s))*(h-(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a2=0.5*((((b/(2*s))+h))*(b1+b2)-((b*b)/(2*s)));\n",
-    "print(b1,b2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('area A2=',a2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('third section');\n",
-    "b=8;h=4;n=10;s=1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n-s))*(h+(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "b2=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n+s))*(h-(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a3=0.5*((((b/(2*s))+h))*(b1+b2)-((b*b)/(2*s)));\n",
-    "print(b1,b2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('area A3=',a3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-8 page-247,248  pb-7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "first section\n",
-      "(6.666666666666667, 5.454545454545454)\n",
-      "('area A1=', 11.36363636363636)\n",
-      "second section\n",
-      "(8.75, 5.833333333333333)\n",
-      "('area A2=', 26.041666666666664)\n",
-      "third section\n",
-      "(7.428571428571429, 5.777777777777778)\n",
-      "('area A3=', 17.920634920634917)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=10;\n",
-    "h=1;\n",
-    "n=10;\n",
-    "s=1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('first section');\n",
-    "b1=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n-s))*(h+(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "b2=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n+s))*(h-(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=0.5*((((b/(2*s))+h))*(b1+b2)-((b*b)/(2*s)));\n",
-    "print(b1,b2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('area A1=',a1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('second section');\n",
-    "b=10;h=2;n=5;s=1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n-s))*(h+(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "b2=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n+s))*(h-(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a2=0.5*((((b/(2*s))+h))*(b1+b2)-((b*b)/(2*s)));\n",
-    "print(b1,b2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('area A2=',a2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('third section');\n",
-    "b=10;h=1.5;n=8;s=1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b1=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n-s))*(h+(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "b2=(b/2)+((n*s)/(n+s))*(h-(b/(2*n)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a3=0.5*((((b/(2*s))+h))*(b1+b2)-((b*b)/(2*s)));\n",
-    "print(b1,b2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('area A3=',a3);\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-8 page-248  pb-8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "at station 1\n",
-      "('area=', 14.25)\n",
-      "at station 2\n",
-      "('area=', 18.975)\n",
-      "('v=', 830.625, 'cp=', 0.20833333333333262)\n",
-      "('correct volume =', 830.4166666666666)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('at station 1');\n",
-    "h=1;h1=2.55;h2=0.95;b=9;b1=7.5;b2=5.25;\n",
-    "w1=b1+b2\n",
-    "a=(((h/2)*(b1+b2))+((b/4)*(h1+h2)));\n",
-    "print('area=',a)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('at station 2');\n",
-    "h=1.5;h1=2.8;h2=1.35;b=9;b1=8.1;b2=4.75;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=(((h/2)*(b1+b2))+((b/4)*(h1+h2)));\n",
-    "d=50;\n",
-    "k=10.01;\n",
-    "v=(d/2)*(a+a1);\n",
-    "w2=b1+b2\n",
-    "print('area=',a1)\n",
-    "h2=1;\n",
-    "h1=1.5;\n",
-    "cp=(d/12)*(h1-h2)*(w2-w1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cv=v-cp;\n",
-    "print('v=',v,'cp=',cp)\n",
-    "print('correct volume =',cv);\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-8 page-249  pb-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "section 1\n",
-      "(7.03125, 1.0416666666666667)\n",
-      "section 2\n",
-      "(9.03125, 0.375)\n",
-      "('vc=', 401.5625, 'vf=', 35.41666666666667)\n",
-      "('corrected volume (in cutting)=', 400.5208333333333)\n",
-      "('corrected volume(in filling)', 34.027777777777786)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('section 1')\n",
-    "b=10;n=5;s=1;s1=2;\n",
-    "d=50;h1=0.5;h2=0.7;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ac=0.5*(((0.5*b+n*h1)*(0.5*b+n*h1))/(n-s));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "af=0.5*(((0.5*b-n*h1)*(0.5*b-n*h1))/(n-s1));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(ac,af)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('section 2')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ac1=0.5*(((0.5*b+n*h2)*(0.5*b+n*h2))/(n-s));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "af1=0.5*(((0.5*b-n*h2)*(0.5*b-n*h2))/(n-s1));\n",
-    "D=50;\n",
-    "print(ac1,af1)\n",
-    "vc=((ac+ac1)/2)*D;\n",
-    "vf=((af+af1)/2)*D;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('vc=',vc,'vf=',vf);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D=50;\n",
-    "pcc=(D/(12*(n-s)))*(n*n*(h1-h2)*(h1-h2));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pcf=(D/(12*(n-s1)))*(n*n*(h1-h2)*(h1-h2));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cvc=vc-pcc;\n",
-    "cvf=vf-pcf;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('corrected volume (in cutting)=',cvc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('corrected volume(in filling)',cvf)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### cha-8 page-251  pb-10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "at station 1\n",
-      "(40.2, 82.475)\n",
-      "('area =', 21.137499999999996)\n",
-      "at station 2\n",
-      "(53.7, 105.675)\n",
-      "('area =', 25.987499999999997)\n",
-      "volume by average end area rule\n",
-      "('volume=', 1178.1249999999998)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=0;a2=3.0;\n",
-    "b1=2.20;b2=5.50;\n",
-    "c1=1.75;c2=3.0;\n",
-    "d1=1.5;d2=0;\n",
-    "e1=4.75;e2=5.25;\n",
-    "f1=6.40;f2=7.30;\n",
-    "g1=0;g2=3.0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('at station 1')\n",
-    "sp=(e1*d2)+(f1*e2)+(d2*f2)+(c1*d2)+(b1*c2)+(a1*b2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sq=(e2*d1)+(e1*f2)+(f1*g2)+(d1*c2)+(c1*b2)+(b1*a2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "area1=0.5*(sp-sq)\n",
-    "area1=abs(area1);\n",
-    "print(sp,sq)\n",
-    "print('area =',area1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a1=0;a2=3.0;\n",
-    "b1=3.1;b2=5.25;\n",
-    "c1=2.20;c2=3.0;\n",
-    "d1=2;d2=0;\n",
-    "e1=5.25;e2=6;\n",
-    "f1=7.40;f2=8.5;\n",
-    "g1=0;g2=3.0;\n",
-    "print('at station 2')\n",
-    "sp1=(e1*d2)+(f1*e2)+(d2*f2)+(c1*d2)+(b1*c2)+(a1*b2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sq1=(d1*e2)+(e1*f2)+(f1*g2)+(d1*c2)+(c1*b2)+(b1*a2);\n",
-    "print(sp1,sq1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "area2=0.5*(sp1-sq1)\n",
-    "area2=abs(area2);\n",
-    "print('area =',area2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('volume by average end area rule')\n",
-    "v=50*((area1+area2)/2);\n",
-    "print('volume=',v)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap9_Theodolite-Traversing.ipynb b/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap9_Theodolite-Traversing.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 3153bd76..00000000
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap9_Theodolite-Traversing.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,502 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# Chapter 9: Theodolite Traversing"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-9 page 302   pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(65.11978202514794, -63.50741753704864, -51.91315691660193)\n",
-      "(38.20554919114786, 168.9587462008847, -30.579186368382416)\n",
-      "(50.300792428502625, -176.58510902365015)\n",
-      "('distance DA=', 183.60955979422673)\n",
-      "('bearing of DA=', 74.10023981818601)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l1=75.5;\n",
-    "l2=180.5\n",
-    "l3=60.25\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t1=30.4;t2=69.4;t3=30.5;\n",
-    "t2=180-t2;\n",
-    "t3=180-t3;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Lc1=l1*math.cos(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "Lc2=l2*math.cos(t2*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "Lc3=l3*math.cos(t3*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ls1=l1*math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "Ls2=l2*math.sin(t2*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "Ls3=-l3*math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(Lc1,Lc2,Lc3);\n",
-    "print(Ls1,Ls2,Ls3);\n",
-    "Lc4=-Lc1-Lc2-Lc3;\n",
-    "Ls4=-Ls1-Ls2-Ls3;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(Lc4,Ls4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t4=-math.atan(Ls4/Lc4);\n",
-    "t4=t4*(180/math.pi);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l4=math.sqrt(Lc4*Lc4+Ls4*Ls4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('distance DA=',l4);\n",
-    "print('bearing of DA=',t4);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-9 page 304   pb-2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('length of DA is', 145.80634036039953, 'or', 12.053659639600497)\n",
-      "when length of DA ,L=145.8\n",
-      "('bearing at AB is=N', 82.44640641462031)\n",
-      "when length of DA ,L=12.04\n",
-      "0.999661660714\n",
-      "('bearing at AB is=N', 1.4904797844587976)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l1=100;\n",
-    "l2=80;\n",
-    "l3=60;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t2=39.5;t3=40.5;t4=49.75;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2=l2*math.cos(t2*(math.pi/180));\n",
-    "L3=l3*math.cos(t3*(math.pi/180));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D2=l2*math.sin(t2*(math.pi/180));\n",
-    "D3=l3*math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l41=(157.86+math.sqrt(157.86*157.86-4*1757.5))/2;\n",
-    "l42=(157.86-math.sqrt(157.86*157.86-4*1757.5))/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('length of DA is',l41,'or',l42);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('when length of DA ,L=145.8')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k=math.cos(t4*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "k1=(L2+L3-(k*l41))/100;\n",
-    "t1=math.acos(k1);\n",
-    "t1=t1*(180/(math.pi))\n",
-    "print('bearing at AB is=N',t1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('when length of DA ,L=12.04')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k=math.cos(t4*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "k1=(L2+L3-(k*l42))/100;\n",
-    "k1=k1+0.004;\n",
-    "t11=math.acos(k1);\n",
-    "t11=t11*(180/(math.pi))\n",
-    "print(k1)\n",
-    "print('bearing at AB is=N',t11)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-9 page 305   pb-3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('latitude of AB,CD,DE are', 86.59373062437335, -57.03044742000232, -25.250000000000007)\n",
-      "('Depature of AB,CD,DE are', 51.00760547755076, -48.708603624763775, -43.73428289111415)\n",
-      "(-4.313283204371025, 41.43528103832716)\n",
-      "('length of BC=', 348.51410778926174)\n",
-      "('length of EA=', 317.28203276885586)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#ch-9 page 305   pb-3\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l1=100.5;l3=75;l4=50.5;\n",
-    "t1=30.5;t2=45;t3=40.5;t4=60;t5=40.25;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=l1*math.cos(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "L3=-l3*math.cos(t3*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "L4=-l4*math.cos(t4*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('latitude of AB,CD,DE are',L1,L3,L4);\n",
-    "D1=l1*math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D3=-l3*math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D4=-l4*math.sin(t4*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print('Depature of AB,CD,DE are',D1,D3,D4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L2_L5=-(L1+L3+L4);\n",
-    "D2_D5=-(D1+D3+D4);\n",
-    "print(L2_L5,D2_D5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k=0.117;\n",
-    "l5=(L2_L5+D2_D5)/(k);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k1=0.763;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l2=(k1*l5)-L2_L5;\n",
-    "l2=l2/0.707;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('length of BC=',l2);\n",
-    "print('length of EA=',l5);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-9 page 307   pb-4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('latitudes of AQ,QR,RB are', 65.21958064293187, -61.02257873940248, -36.93176700776003)\n",
-      "('Depature of AQ,QR,RB are', 38.03493526693723, 52.118205878497236, -65.27667719549248)\n",
-      "('length of AB=', 41.114514530539196, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#ch-9 page 307   pb-4\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l1=75.5;l2=80.25;l3=75;\n",
-    "t1=30.25;t2=40.5;t3=60.5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=l1*math.cos(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "L2=-l2*math.cos(t2*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "L3=-l3*math.cos(t3*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print('latitudes of AQ,QR,RB are',L1,L2,L3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D1=l1*math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D2=l2*math.sin(t2*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D3=-l3*math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print('Depature of AQ,QR,RB are',D1,D2,D3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L4=-(L1+L2+L3);\n",
-    "D4=-(D1+D2+D3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l4=math.sqrt(L4*L4+(D4*D4));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('length of AB=',l4,'meters');\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-9 page 308   pb-5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('latitudes of BQ,QP,PA are', -96.23556979807799, -172.32583208830516, -61.552945012933385)\n",
-      "('Depature of BQ,QP,PA are', 115.71069572705566, -101.50767259214082, -108.79446199248746)\n",
-      "('length of AB=', 343.3992171422471, 'meters')\n",
-      "('bearing of AB=', 15.989201746570728)\n",
-      "('PAB=', 44.51079825342927, 'QBA=', 66.23920174657073)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#ch-9 page 308   pb-5\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l1=150.5;l2=200;l3=125;\n",
-    "t1=50.25;t2=30.5;t3=60.5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=-l1*math.cos(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "L2=-l2*math.cos(t2*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "L3=-l3*math.cos(t3*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print('latitudes of BQ,QP,PA are',L1,L2,L3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D1=l1*math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D2=-l2*math.sin(t2*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D3=-l3*math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print('Depature of BQ,QP,PA are',D1,D2,D3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L4=-(L1+L2+L3);\n",
-    "D4=-(D1+D2+D3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l4=math.sqrt(L4*L4+(D4*D4));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('length of AB=',l4,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t4=math.atan(D4/L4);\n",
-    "t4=t4*(180/math.pi);\n",
-    "print('bearing of AB=',t4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "PAB=t3-t4;\n",
-    "QBA=t1+t4;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('PAB=',PAB,'QBA=',QBA);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-9 page 308   pb-6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('latitudes of AB,BC,CD,DE are', 121.76738460229168, 106.68654829016975, -133.98333444865727, 19.805712703281312)\n",
-      "('Depature of AB,BC,CD,DE are', 45.52695956373076, 186.6627451151656, 78.9222154403895, 118.35427218446777)\n",
-      "('length of EA=', 444.4100422146986, 'meters')\n",
-      "('bearing of EA=', 75.09947760257306)\n",
-      "('bearing from F to C is =', 5.818201574554788)\n",
-      "('distance from F to C is =', 172.2028708809785)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#ch-9 page 308   pb-6\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l1=130;l2=215;l3=155.5;l4=120;\n",
-    "t1=20.5;t2=60.25;t3=30.5;t4=80.5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=l1*math.cos(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "L2=l2*math.cos(t2*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "L3=-l3*math.cos(t3*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "L4=l4*math.cos(t4*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print('latitudes of AB,BC,CD,DE are',L1,L2,L3,L4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D1=l1*math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D2=l2*math.sin(t2*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D3=l3*math.sin(t3*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D4=l4*math.sin(t4*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print('Depature of AB,BC,CD,DE are',D1,D2,D3,D4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L5=-(L1+L2+L3+L4);\n",
-    "D5=-(D1+D2+D3+D4);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l5=math.sqrt(L5*L5+(D5*D5));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('length of EA=',l5,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t5=math.atan(D5/L5);\n",
-    "t5=t5*(180/math.pi);\n",
-    "print('bearing of EA=',t5);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "FA=l5/2;\n",
-    "l6=FA;\n",
-    "t6=t5;\n",
-    "L6=-l6*math.cos(t6*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D6=-l6*math.sin(t6*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L7=-(L1+L2+L6)\n",
-    "D7=-(D1+D2+D6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t7=math.atan(D7/L7);\n",
-    "t7=t7*(180/math.pi);\n",
-    "print('bearing from F to C is =',t7);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l7=math.sqrt(L7*L7+(D7*D7));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('distance from F to C is =',l7);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### ch-9 page 308   pb-7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('latitudes of AB,DE,EA are', 362.50000000000006, -538.0859250785912, -574.3378222288467)\n",
-      "('Depature of AB,DE,EA are', 627.8684177437179, -782.9198791909149, -27.587423899772766)\n",
-      "('t2-t3=', 100.07865810778766)\n",
-      "('Bearing of BC is', 63.0)\n",
-      "('Bearing of CD is', 37.12098009569709)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#ch-9 page 308   pb-7\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l1=725;l2=1050;l3=1250;l4=950;l5=575;\n",
-    "t1=60;t4=55.5;t5=2.75;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L1=l1*math.cos(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "L4=-l4*math.cos(t4*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "L5=-l5*math.cos(t5*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print('latitudes of AB,DE,EA are',L1,L4,L5);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D1=l1*math.sin(t1*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D4=-l4*math.sin(t4*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "D5=-l5*math.sin(t5*(math.pi/180))\n",
-    "print('Depature of AB,DE,EA are',D1,D4,D5);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t2_t3=math.acos(0.1750);\n",
-    "t2_t3=180-(t2_t3*(180/math.pi));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('t2-t3=',t2_t3);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t3=math.asin(0.6035);\n",
-    "t3=t3*(180/math.pi);\n",
-    "t2=t2_t3-t3;\n",
-    "t2=math.ceil(t2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('Bearing of BC is',t2);\n",
-    "print('Bearing of CD is',t3);\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chapter11_Tacheometric-Traversing.ipynb b/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chapter11_Tacheometric-Traversing.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index b203f9a0..00000000
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chapter11_Tacheometric-Traversing.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,616 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "# Chapter 11: Tacheometric Surveying"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "### section 11.7 , pg 413, problem 1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RL of instrument axis= 764.345 m\n",
-      "RL of D= 784.042 m\n",
-      "Distance of CD=147.097m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "retiftoi=100\n",
-    "fplusd=0.15\n",
-    "s1=2.450-1.150\n",
-    "thetha1=5+(20/60)\n",
-    "v1=(100*1300*math.sin(10+(40/60))/2)+(0.15*math.sin(5+(20/60)));\n",
-    "s2=1.5\n",
-    "thetha2=8+(12/60)\n",
-    "V2=21.197\n",
-    "d2=147.097\n",
-    "RL=750.500+1.8+12.045                                \n",
-    "RLD=RL+V2-1.5\n",
-    "print \"RL of instrument axis=\",RL,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"RL of D=\", RLD,\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"Distance of CD=147.097m\"                                 \n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### section 11.7, pg 415, problem 2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "RL of axis when isnt. at P= 265.109\n",
-      "RL of A= 280.38\n",
-      "RL at B= 298.021\n",
-      "RL of B= 296.571\n",
-      "Distance between A and B= 118.009\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v1=7.534\n",
-    "v2=16.871\n",
-    "v3=15.326\n",
-    "RLatp=255.750+v1+1.825\n",
-    "RLofA=265.109+v2-1.6\n",
-    "RLatB=280.380+v3+2.315\n",
-    "RLofB=298.021-1.450\n",
-    "D3=118.009\n",
-    "print \"RL of axis when isnt. at P=\", RLatp\n",
-    "print \"RL of A=\", RLofA\n",
-    "print \"RL at B=\", RLatB\n",
-    "print \"RL of B=\", RLofB\n",
-    "print \"Distance between A and B=\", D3\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### section 11.7 , pg 413, problem 1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "10.494\n",
-      "RL of axis when isnt. at A= 462.449\n",
-      "RL of A= 461.104\n",
-      "RL at B= 487.151\n",
-      "RL of B= 485.601\n",
-      "RL of C 510.533\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v1=10.494\n",
-    "d1=108.989\n",
-    "V2=24.807\n",
-    "d2=176.514\n",
-    "v3=25.652\n",
-    "d3=145.477\n",
-    "RL=450.500+1.455+v1                               \n",
-    "RLofA=462.449-1.345\n",
-    "RLofB=462.449+24.807-1.655\n",
-    "RLatB=487.151\n",
-    "RLofC=RLofB+v3-2.250+1.53\n",
-    "print v1\n",
-    "print \"RL of axis when isnt. at A=\", RL\n",
-    "print \"RL of A=\", RLofA\n",
-    "print \"RL at B=\", RLatB\n",
-    "print \"RL of B=\", RLofB\n",
-    "print \"RL of C\", RLofC\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### ch-11 page 416   pb-4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "in 1st observation\n",
-      "('v1,d1=', 9.386067902413853, 119.26130043570826)\n",
-      "in 2nd observation\n",
-      "('v2,d2=', 26.26555359446006, 145.25041419362984)\n",
-      "('RL of A=', 159.18106790241387)\n",
-      "('RL of B=', 175.81555359446008)\n",
-      "('difference of level AB=', 104.0330138511747, 'meters')\n",
-      "('gradient of AB is 1 in', 6.254056529136824)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=100;\n",
-    "h=1.55;\n",
-    "rlo=150;\n",
-    "ra1=1.155;ra2=1.755;ra3=2.355;\n",
-    "rb1=1.250;rb2=2;rb3=2.750;\n",
-    "t1=30.5;t2=75.5;\n",
-    "a1=4.5;a2=10.25;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('in 1st observation')\n",
-    "v1=c*(ra3-ra1)*(math.sin(9*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "v1=v1/2;\n",
-    "d1=c*(ra3-ra1)*(math.cos(a1*(math.pi/180)))*(math.cos(a1*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "print('v1,d1=',v1,d1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('in 2nd observation');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v2=c*(rb3-rb1)*(math.sin(20.5*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "v2=v2/2;\n",
-    "d2=c*(rb3-rb1)*(math.cos(a2*(math.pi/180)))*(math.cos(a2*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "print('v2,d2=',v2,d2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rl=rlo+h;\n",
-    "rla=rl+v1-ra2;\n",
-    "rlb=rl+v2-rb2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('RL of A=',rla);\n",
-    "print('RL of B=',rlb);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=t2-t1;\n",
-    "AB=math.sqrt((d1*d1+d2*d2)-2*(d1*d2*(math.cos(t*(math.pi/180)))));\n",
-    "print('difference of level AB=',AB,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dab=rlb-rla;\n",
-    "gab=AB/dab;\n",
-    "print('gradient of AB is 1 in',gab);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### ch-11 page 418   pb-5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('v1,v2=', 31.256671980047464, 31.1867536226639)\n",
-      "('h1,h2=', 2.0188558936750263, 1.5699268991777582)\n",
-      "('RL of A=', 418.7244721262775)\n",
-      "('RL of B=', 419.24331947815836)\n",
-      "('distance between A an B is', 323.2978586242886)\n",
-      "('gradient of PA is 1 in ', 5.567473732648181)\n",
-      "('gradient of PB is 1 in ', 4.68342893110529)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h=1.5;\n",
-    "a1=10;a2=12;\n",
-    "c=100;\n",
-    "ra1=1.150;ra2=2.050;ra3=2.950;\n",
-    "rb1=0.855;rb2=1.605;rb3=2.355;\n",
-    "rlp=450.5;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v1=c*(ra3-ra1)*(math.sin(a1*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v2=c*(rb3-rb1)*(math.sin(a2*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h1=ra2*(math.cos(a1*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "h2=rb2*(math.cos(a2*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('v1,v2=',v1,v2);\n",
-    "print('h1,h2=',h1,h2);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rlai=rlp+h;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rla=rlai-v1-h1;\n",
-    "rlb=rlai-v2-h2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('RL of A=',rla);\n",
-    "print('RL of B=',rlb);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d1=c*(ra3-ra1)*(math.cos(a1*(math.pi/180)))-ra2*(math.sin(a1*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "d2=c*(rb3-rb1)*(math.cos(a2*(math.pi/180)))-rb2*(math.sin(a2*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dab=d1+d2;\n",
-    "print('distance between A an B is',dab);\n",
-    "gpa=d1/(rlp-rla);\n",
-    "gpb=d2/(rlp-rlb);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('gradient of PA is 1 in ',gpa);\n",
-    "print('gradient of PB is 1 in ',gpb);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### ch-11 page 419   pb-6\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(96.98463103929541, 158.78462024097664, 117.67570175629913)\n",
-      "('latitudes of AB,BC,CD=', 83.56478621811925, -121.63607598835735, -83.20928669276485)\n",
-      "('depatures of AB,BC,CD ', 49.22342087003188, 102.06478649968226, -83.20928669276483)\n",
-      "(121.28057646300294, -68.07892067694931)\n",
-      "('Bearing of DA=', 29.30698225670086)\n",
-      "('length DA=', 139.08169422226874)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=100;\n",
-    "ra1=1.25;ra2=1.75;ra3=2.25;\n",
-    "rb1=0.95;rb2=1.75;rb3=2.55;\n",
-    "rc1=1.55;rc2=2.15;rc3=2.75;\n",
-    "a1=10;a2=5;a3=8;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ab=c*(ra3-ra1)*(math.cos(a1*(math.pi/180)))*(math.cos(a1*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "bc=c*(rb3-rb1)*(math.cos(a2*(math.pi/180)))*(math.cos(a2*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "cd=c*(rc3-rc1)*(math.cos(a3*(math.pi/180)))*(math.cos(a3*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(ab,bc,cd);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lab=ab*(math.cos(30.5*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "lbc=-bc*(math.cos(40*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "lcd=-cd*(math.cos(45*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "print('latitudes of AB,BC,CD=',lab,lbc,lcd);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dab=ab*(math.sin(30.5*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "dbc=bc*(math.sin(40*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "dcd=-cd*(math.sin(45*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "print('depatures of AB,BC,CD ',dab,dbc,dcd);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lc=-(lab+lbc+lcd);\n",
-    "ls=-(dab+dbc+dcd);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print(lc,ls)\n",
-    "k=-ls/lc;\n",
-    "t=math.atan(k);\n",
-    "t=t*(180/(math.pi));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('Bearing of DA=',t);\n",
-    "DA=math.sqrt(lc*lc+ls*ls);\n",
-    "print('length DA=',DA);\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### ch-11 page 419   pb-7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('Distance AC=', 158.62738402665204)\n",
-      "('Distance BD=', 189.49088179672577)\n",
-      "('total latitude of C=', 18.46481737819161)\n",
-      "('total depature of C=', 21.113710931586226)\n",
-      "('total latitude of D=', 9.659924163502069)\n",
-      "-15.6914002615\n",
-      "('total depature of D=', 308.2914002614939)\n",
-      "('length CD=', 329.52276617048415, 'meters')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h1=1.48;h2=1.42;c=100;\n",
-    "ra1=0.77;ra2=1.60;ra3=2.43;\n",
-    "rb1=0.86;rb2=1.84;rb3=2.82;\n",
-    "a1=12.166;a2=10.5;\n",
-    "la=112.82;da=106.4;\n",
-    "lb=198.5;db=292.6;\n",
-    "ac=c*(ra3-ra1)*(math.cos(a1*(math.pi/180)))*(math.cos(a1*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "bd=c*(rb3-rb1)*(math.cos(a2*(math.pi/180)))*(math.cos(a2*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('Distance AC=',ac);\n",
-    "print('Distance BD=',bd);\n",
-    "lac=-ac*(math.cos(53.5*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "tlc=la+lac;\n",
-    "print('total latitude of C=',tlc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dac=ac*(math.sin(53.5*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "da=-da;\n",
-    "tdc=da+dac;\n",
-    "print('total depature of C=',tdc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lbd=-bd*(math.cos(4.75*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "tld=lb+lbd;\n",
-    "print('total latitude of D=',tld);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "db=-db;\n",
-    "ddb=-bd*(math.sin(4.75*(math.pi/180)));\n",
-    "tdd=-(db+ddb);\n",
-    "print(ddb)\n",
-    "print('total depature of D=',tdd);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dx=tdc+tdd;\n",
-    "cx=tlc-tld;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "CD=math.sqrt(dx*dx+cx*cx);\n",
-    "print('length CD=',CD,'meters');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### chapter 11, section 11.8, pg 422, example 1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance = 262.890670554\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=600\n",
-    "fplusd=0.5\n",
-    "s=3\n",
-    "n=6.860\n",
-    "distance= (c*s/n)+ fplusd\n",
-    "print \"distance =\",distance\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### chapter 11, section 11.8, pg423, eg2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "5.142\n",
-      "RL of A= 259.692\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=65.340\n",
-    "x=4.5\n",
-    "y= math.tan(x)\n",
-    "v=5.142\n",
-    "RLofA=255.500+v-0.950\n",
-    "print v\n",
-    "print \"RL of A=\", RLofA\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### chapter 11, section 11.8, pg423, eg2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "distance between B and BM= 49.706\n",
-      "RL of B= 515.398\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s1=2\n",
-    "h1=0.655\n",
-    "v1=6.578\n",
-    "RL=v1+h1+510.5\n",
-    "v2=1.085\n",
-    "d2=12.396\n",
-    "h2=1.25\n",
-    "RLofB=RL-v2-h2\n",
-    "d=37.31+12.396\n",
-    "print \"distance between B and BM=\",d\n",
-    "print \"RL of B=\", RLofB\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "### chapter 11, section 11.8, pg423, eg2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "n= 15.9100040177\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "d=124.45\n",
-    "c=1000\n",
-    "s=2\n",
-    "fplusd=0.3\n",
-    "thetha=(5+(6/30))\n",
-    "n=1980/d\n",
-    "print \"n=\",n\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_1_Circuit_Analysis_Port_Point_of_View.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_1_Circuit_Analysis_Port_Point_of.ipynb
index 0fac05b3..0fac05b3 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_1_Circuit_Analysis_Port_Point_of_View.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_1_Circuit_Analysis_Port_Point_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_1_Circuit_Analysis_Port_point_of_view.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_1_Circuit_Analysis_Port_point_of.ipynb
index e47972f0..e47972f0 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_1_Circuit_Analysis_Port_point_of_view.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_1_Circuit_Analysis_Port_point_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_3_CHARACTERISTICS_OF_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORS.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_3_CHARACTERISTICS_OF_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION.ipynb
index afdc5057..afdc5057 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_3_CHARACTERISTICS_OF_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORS.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_3_CHARACTERISTICS_OF_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_3_Characteristics_of_Bipolar_Junction_Transistors.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_3_Characteristics_of_Bipolar_Junction.ipynb
index facfc968..facfc968 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_3_Characteristics_of_Bipolar_Junction_Transistors.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_3_Characteristics_of_Bipolar_Junction.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_4_CHARACTERISTICS_OF_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTORS_AND_TRIODES.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_4_CHARACTERISTICS_OF_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTORS_AND.ipynb
index 1c7c4ba7..1c7c4ba7 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_4_CHARACTERISTICS_OF_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTORS_AND_TRIODES.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_4_CHARACTERISTICS_OF_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTORS_AND.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_4_Characteristics_of_Field_Effect_Transistors_And_Triodes.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_4_Characteristics_of_Field_Effect_Transistors_And.ipynb
index 6fb3abe1..6fb3abe1 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_4_Characteristics_of_Field_Effect_Transistors_And_Triodes.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_4_Characteristics_of_Field_Effect_Transistors_And.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_5_TRANSISTOR_BIAS_CONSIDERATIONS.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_5_TRANSISTOR_BIAS.ipynb
index 1e5adabb..1e5adabb 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_5_TRANSISTOR_BIAS_CONSIDERATIONS.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_5_TRANSISTOR_BIAS.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_5_Transistor_Bias_Considerations.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_5_Transistor_Bias.ipynb
index 91205794..91205794 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_5_Transistor_Bias_Considerations.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_5_Transistor_Bias.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_6_SMALL_SIGNAL_MIDFREQUENCY_BJT_AMPLIFIERS.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_6_SMALL_SIGNAL_MIDFREQUENCY_BJT.ipynb
index 35ac7fb5..35ac7fb5 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_6_SMALL_SIGNAL_MIDFREQUENCY_BJT_AMPLIFIERS.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_6_SMALL_SIGNAL_MIDFREQUENCY_BJT.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_6_Small_Signal_Midfrequency_Bjt_Amplifiers.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_6_Small_Signal_Midfrequency_Bjt.ipynb
index 0c45660e..0c45660e 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_6_Small_Signal_Midfrequency_Bjt_Amplifiers.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_6_Small_Signal_Midfrequency_Bjt.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_7_SMALL_SIGNAL_MIDFREQUENCY_FET_AND_TRIODE_AMPLIFIERS.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_7_SMALL_SIGNAL_MIDFREQUENCY_FET_AND_TRIODE.ipynb
index 4fef8033..4fef8033 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_7_SMALL_SIGNAL_MIDFREQUENCY_FET_AND_TRIODE_AMPLIFIERS.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_7_SMALL_SIGNAL_MIDFREQUENCY_FET_AND_TRIODE.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_7_Small_Signal_Midfrequency_Fet_And_Triode_Amplifiers.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_7_Small_Signal_Midfrequency_Fet_And_Triode.ipynb
index f15e9068..f15e9068 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_7_Small_Signal_Midfrequency_Fet_And_Triode_Amplifiers.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_7_Small_Signal_Midfrequency_Fet_And_Triode.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_8_FREQUENCY_EFFECTS_IN_AMPLIFIERS.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_8_FREQUENCY_EFFECTS_IN.ipynb
index 60448e3c..60448e3c 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_8_FREQUENCY_EFFECTS_IN_AMPLIFIERS.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_8_FREQUENCY_EFFECTS_IN.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_8_Frequency_Effects_In_Amplifiers.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_8_Frequency_Effects_In.ipynb
index d1b99577..d1b99577 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_8_Frequency_Effects_In_Amplifiers.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_8_Frequency_Effects_In.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_9_OPERATIONAL_AMPLIFIERS.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_9_OPERATIONAL.ipynb
index d0466e5a..d0466e5a 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_9_OPERATIONAL_AMPLIFIERS.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_9_OPERATIONAL.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_9_Operational_Amplifiers.ipynb b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_9_Operational.ipynb
index a67b5b36..a67b5b36 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_9_Operational_Amplifiers.ipynb
+++ b/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_9_Operational.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter1.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter1.ipynb
index d6e53c88..d6e53c88 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter10.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter10.ipynb
index e69de29b..a26284d9 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter10.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,544 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#  Chapter 10 : Opto-electronic Devices"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 10.1 , Page number 385"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thickness of silicon= 0.016 cm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing module\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "alpha=10**2 #absorption coefficient in cm^-1\n",
+    "absorption=0.2 #80% absorption represented in decimal format\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "d=(1/alpha)*math.log(1/absorption)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print(\"Thickness of silicon= %.3f cm\" %d)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 10.2 , Page number 385"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "open-circuit voltage Voc= 0.541 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing module\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Na=3*10**18 #in cm^-3\n",
+    "Nd=2*10**16 #in cm^-3\n",
+    "Dn=25 #in cm**2/s\n",
+    "Dp=10 #in cm**2/s\n",
+    "tau_n0=4*10**-7 #in s\n",
+    "tau_p0=10**-7 #in s\n",
+    "JL=20*10**-3 #photocurrent density in mA/cm**2\n",
+    "T=300 #in K\n",
+    "ni=1.5*10**10 #in cm^-3\n",
+    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in Joules\n",
+    "Const=0.026 #constant for KT/e in V\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ln=math.sqrt(Dn*tau_n0) #in micro-m\n",
+    "Lp=math.sqrt(Dp*tau_p0) #in micro-m\n",
+    "JS=e*ni**2*((Dn/(Ln*Na))+(Dp/(Lp*Nd))) #reverse saturation current density in A/cm**2\n",
+    "Voc=Const*math.log(1+(JL/JS))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print(\"open-circuit voltage Voc= %0.3f V\" %Voc)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 10.3 , Page number 399"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Gain of the photoconductor= 686.4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing module\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "L=80*10**-4 #length in m\n",
+    "myu_n=1350 #in cm**2/V\n",
+    "myu_p=480 #in cm**2/V\n",
+    "V=12 #applied voltage in V\n",
+    "tau_n=3.95*10**-9 #transit time in sec\n",
+    "tau_p=2*10**-6 #carrier lifetime in sec\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "tn=L**2/(myu_n*V) #transit time in sec\n",
+    "Gph=(tau_p/tau_n)*(1+(myu_p/myu_n))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print(\"Gain of the photoconductor= %3.1f\" %Gph)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 10.4 , Page number 400"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "steady-state photocurrent density= 0.43 A/cm**2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing module\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Na=5*10**16 #in cm**3\n",
+    "Nd=5*10**16 #in cm**3\n",
+    "Dn=25 #in cm**2/s\n",
+    "Dp=10 #in cm**2/s\n",
+    "tau_n0=6*10**-7 #in s\n",
+    "tau_p0=2*10**-7 #in s\n",
+    "VR=6 #in V\n",
+    "GL=5*10**20 #in cm^-3/s\n",
+    "ni=1.5*10**10 #in cm^-3\n",
+    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in Joules\n",
+    "epsilon_s=11.7*8.85*10**-14 #in F/cm\n",
+    "Const=0.026 #constant for KT/e in V\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ln=math.sqrt(Dn*tau_n0) #in mico-m\n",
+    "Lp=math.sqrt(Dp*tau_p0) #in micro-m\n",
+    "Vbi=Const*math.log((Na*Nd)/ni**2) #in V\n",
+    "W=(((2*epsilon_s)/e)*((Na+Nd)/(Na*Nd))*(Vbi+VR))**0.5 #in micro-m\n",
+    "JL=e*GL*(W+Ln+Lp) #photocurrent density\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print(\"steady-state photocurrent density= %0.2f A/cm**2\" %JL)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 10.5 , Page number 401"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Critical angle for GaAs-air interface= 15.9 degrees\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing module\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "n1=1 \n",
+    "n2=3.66\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "theta_c=math.asin(n1/n2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print(\"Critical angle for GaAs-air interface= %2.1f degrees\" %math.degrees(theta_c))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 10.6 , Page number 402"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "a)\n",
+      "electron concentration= 1e+15 cm^-3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "hole concentration= 2.1e+05 cm^-3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Fermi level w.r.t intrinsic fermi level= 0.279 eV\n",
+      "\n",
+      "b)\n",
+      "electron concentration= 1e+15 cm^-3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "hole concentration= 1e+12 cm^-3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Quasi fermi level for n-type carrier= 0.279 eV\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Quasi fermi level for p-type carrier= 0.11 eV\n",
+      "\n",
+      "c)\n",
+      "electron concentration= 1e+18 cm^-3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "hole concentration= 1e+18 cm^-3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Quasi fermi level for n-type carrier= 0.45 eV\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Quasi fermi level for p-type carrier= 0.45 eV\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing module\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Nd=10**15 #donor atoms in cm^-3\n",
+    "ni=1.45*10**10 #in cm^-3\n",
+    "k=8.62*10**-5 #in eV/K\n",
+    "T=300 #in K\n",
+    "Const=0.025 #coonstant for kT in eV\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "#a)\n",
+    "n=10**15 #in cm^-3\n",
+    "p=ni**2/Nd #in cm^-3\n",
+    "delE=Const*math.log(n/ni) #in eV\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#b)\n",
+    "n0=10**15 #in cm^-3\n",
+    "p0=10**12 #in cm^-3\n",
+    "delE_fni=Const*math.log(n0/ni) #in eV\n",
+    "delE_ifp=Const*math.log(p0/ni) #in eV\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#c)\n",
+    "n1=10**18 #in cm^-3\n",
+    "p1=10**18 #in cm^-3\n",
+    "delE_fni1=Const*math.log(n1/ni) #in eV\n",
+    "delE_ifp1=Const*math.log(p1/ni) #in eV\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print(\"a)\\nelectron concentration= %.1g cm^-3\\n\" %n)\n",
+    "print(\"hole concentration= %.2g cm^-3\\n\" %p)\n",
+    "print(\"Fermi level w.r.t intrinsic fermi level= %0.3f eV\\n\" %delE)\n",
+    "print(\"b)\\nelectron concentration= %.1g cm^-3\\n\" %n0)\n",
+    "print(\"hole concentration= %.1g cm^-3\\n\" %p0)\n",
+    "print(\"Quasi fermi level for n-type carrier= %0.3f eV\\n\" %delE_fni)\n",
+    "print(\"Quasi fermi level for p-type carrier= %0.2f eV\\n\" %delE_ifp)\n",
+    "print(\"c)\\nelectron concentration= %.1g cm^-3\\n\" %n1)\n",
+    "print(\"hole concentration= %.1g cm^-3\\n\" %p1)\n",
+    "print(\"Quasi fermi level for n-type carrier= %0.2f eV\\n\" %delE_fni1)\n",
+    "print(\"Quasi fermi level for p-type carrier= %0.2f eV\\n\" %delE_ifp1)\n",
+    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 10.7 , Page number 403"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 24,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Wavelength of radiation for germanium= 1.85 micro-m\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Wavelength of radiation for silicon= 1.10 micro-m\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Wavelength of radiation for gallium-arsenide= 0.87 micro-m\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Wavelength of radiation for SiO2= 0.14 micro-m\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing module\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "h=4.135*10**-15 #plancks constant in eVs\n",
+    "c=3*10**8 #in m/s\n",
+    "EgGe=0.67 #in eV\n",
+    "EgSi=1.124 #in eV\n",
+    "EgGaAs=1.42 #in eV\n",
+    "EgSiO2=9 #in eV\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "lamda1=(h*c)/EgGe/10**-6 #in micro-m\n",
+    "lamda2=(h*c)/EgSi/10**-6 #in micro-m\n",
+    "lamda3=(h*c)/EgGaAs/10**-6 #in micro-m\n",
+    "lamda4=(h*c)/EgSiO2/10**-6 #in micro-m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print(\"Wavelength of radiation for germanium= %1.2f micro-m\\n\" %lamda1)\n",
+    "print(\"Wavelength of radiation for silicon= %1.2f micro-m\\n\" %lamda2) #The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "print(\"Wavelength of radiation for gallium-arsenide= %1.2f micro-m\\n\" %lamda3)\n",
+    "print(\"Wavelength of radiation for SiO2= %1.2f micro-m\\n\" %lamda4)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 10.8 , Page number 404"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 29,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "a)Current= 5.59*10**-15 A\n",
+      "\n",
+      "b)Total number of solar cells= 25000\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing module\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Na=10**18 #in cm**-3\n",
+    "Nd=10**17 #in cm**-3\n",
+    "myu_p=471 #in cm**2/Vs\n",
+    "myu_n=1417 #in cm**2/Vs\n",
+    "tau_p=10**-8 #in s\n",
+    "tau_n=10**-6 #in s \n",
+    "JL=40 #in mA/cm**2\n",
+    "A=10**-5 #in cm**2\n",
+    "R1=1000 #in ohm\n",
+    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in J\n",
+    "ni=1.45*10**10 #in cm**-3\n",
+    "Vt=0.02586 #constant for kT/e at 300K in V\n",
+    "V=0.1 #in V\n",
+    "n=10 #number of solar cells\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "#a)\n",
+    "Dp=Vt*myu_p #in cm**2/s\n",
+    "Dn=Vt*myu_n #in cm**2/s\n",
+    "Ln=math.sqrt(Dn*tau_n) #in cm\n",
+    "Lp=math.sqrt(Dp*tau_p) #in cm\n",
+    "Js=e*ni**2*((Dp/(Nd*Lp))+(Dn/(Na*Ln))) #in A/cm**2\n",
+    "Is=Js*10**-5 #in A\n",
+    "IF=Is*(math.exp(V/Vt)-1) #in A\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#b)\n",
+    "IL=40*10**-8 #in A\n",
+    "I=IL-IF #in \n",
+    "X=((10**-3)/(I))*n\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print(\"a)Current= %.2f*10**-15 A\\n\" %round(IF/10**-15,2)) #The answers vary due to round off error\n",
+    "print(\"b)Total number of solar cells= %i\" %X)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 10.9 , Page number 405"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 33,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Wavelength= 8.69*10**-7 m\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing module\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Eg=1.43 #Energy band gap in eV\n",
+    "h=4.14*10**-15 #planck's constant in eV/s\n",
+    "c=3*10**8 #in m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "lamda=(h*c)/Eg\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print(\"Wavelength= %0.2f*10**-7 m\" %round(lamda/10**-7,2)) #The answers vary due to round off error"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 10.10 , Page number 406"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 49,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Power conversion efficiency = 0.32 %\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing module\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "PC=190 #optical Power generated in mW\n",
+    "I=25*10**-3 #in A\n",
+    "V=1.5 #in V\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "P=V/I #Electrical Power\n",
+    "n=PC/P\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print(\"Power conversion efficiency = %0.2f %%\" %(n/10))\n",
+    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.5.2"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter10_jNQZCoy.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter10_jNQZCoy.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a26284d9..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter10_jNQZCoy.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,544 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "#  Chapter 10 : Opto-electronic Devices"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10.1 , Page number 385"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thickness of silicon= 0.016 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "alpha=10**2 #absorption coefficient in cm^-1\n",
-    "absorption=0.2 #80% absorption represented in decimal format\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "d=(1/alpha)*math.log(1/absorption)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"Thickness of silicon= %.3f cm\" %d)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10.2 , Page number 385"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "open-circuit voltage Voc= 0.541 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Na=3*10**18 #in cm^-3\n",
-    "Nd=2*10**16 #in cm^-3\n",
-    "Dn=25 #in cm**2/s\n",
-    "Dp=10 #in cm**2/s\n",
-    "tau_n0=4*10**-7 #in s\n",
-    "tau_p0=10**-7 #in s\n",
-    "JL=20*10**-3 #photocurrent density in mA/cm**2\n",
-    "T=300 #in K\n",
-    "ni=1.5*10**10 #in cm^-3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in Joules\n",
-    "Const=0.026 #constant for KT/e in V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ln=math.sqrt(Dn*tau_n0) #in micro-m\n",
-    "Lp=math.sqrt(Dp*tau_p0) #in micro-m\n",
-    "JS=e*ni**2*((Dn/(Ln*Na))+(Dp/(Lp*Nd))) #reverse saturation current density in A/cm**2\n",
-    "Voc=Const*math.log(1+(JL/JS))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"open-circuit voltage Voc= %0.3f V\" %Voc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10.3 , Page number 399"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Gain of the photoconductor= 686.4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=80*10**-4 #length in m\n",
-    "myu_n=1350 #in cm**2/V\n",
-    "myu_p=480 #in cm**2/V\n",
-    "V=12 #applied voltage in V\n",
-    "tau_n=3.95*10**-9 #transit time in sec\n",
-    "tau_p=2*10**-6 #carrier lifetime in sec\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "tn=L**2/(myu_n*V) #transit time in sec\n",
-    "Gph=(tau_p/tau_n)*(1+(myu_p/myu_n))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"Gain of the photoconductor= %3.1f\" %Gph)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10.4 , Page number 400"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "steady-state photocurrent density= 0.43 A/cm**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Na=5*10**16 #in cm**3\n",
-    "Nd=5*10**16 #in cm**3\n",
-    "Dn=25 #in cm**2/s\n",
-    "Dp=10 #in cm**2/s\n",
-    "tau_n0=6*10**-7 #in s\n",
-    "tau_p0=2*10**-7 #in s\n",
-    "VR=6 #in V\n",
-    "GL=5*10**20 #in cm^-3/s\n",
-    "ni=1.5*10**10 #in cm^-3\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in Joules\n",
-    "epsilon_s=11.7*8.85*10**-14 #in F/cm\n",
-    "Const=0.026 #constant for KT/e in V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ln=math.sqrt(Dn*tau_n0) #in mico-m\n",
-    "Lp=math.sqrt(Dp*tau_p0) #in micro-m\n",
-    "Vbi=Const*math.log((Na*Nd)/ni**2) #in V\n",
-    "W=(((2*epsilon_s)/e)*((Na+Nd)/(Na*Nd))*(Vbi+VR))**0.5 #in micro-m\n",
-    "JL=e*GL*(W+Ln+Lp) #photocurrent density\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"steady-state photocurrent density= %0.2f A/cm**2\" %JL)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10.5 , Page number 401"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Critical angle for GaAs-air interface= 15.9 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n1=1 \n",
-    "n2=3.66\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "theta_c=math.asin(n1/n2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"Critical angle for GaAs-air interface= %2.1f degrees\" %math.degrees(theta_c))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10.6 , Page number 402"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a)\n",
-      "electron concentration= 1e+15 cm^-3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "hole concentration= 2.1e+05 cm^-3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Fermi level w.r.t intrinsic fermi level= 0.279 eV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "b)\n",
-      "electron concentration= 1e+15 cm^-3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "hole concentration= 1e+12 cm^-3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Quasi fermi level for n-type carrier= 0.279 eV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Quasi fermi level for p-type carrier= 0.11 eV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "c)\n",
-      "electron concentration= 1e+18 cm^-3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "hole concentration= 1e+18 cm^-3\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Quasi fermi level for n-type carrier= 0.45 eV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Quasi fermi level for p-type carrier= 0.45 eV\n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Nd=10**15 #donor atoms in cm^-3\n",
-    "ni=1.45*10**10 #in cm^-3\n",
-    "k=8.62*10**-5 #in eV/K\n",
-    "T=300 #in K\n",
-    "Const=0.025 #coonstant for kT in eV\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "#a)\n",
-    "n=10**15 #in cm^-3\n",
-    "p=ni**2/Nd #in cm^-3\n",
-    "delE=Const*math.log(n/ni) #in eV\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b)\n",
-    "n0=10**15 #in cm^-3\n",
-    "p0=10**12 #in cm^-3\n",
-    "delE_fni=Const*math.log(n0/ni) #in eV\n",
-    "delE_ifp=Const*math.log(p0/ni) #in eV\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#c)\n",
-    "n1=10**18 #in cm^-3\n",
-    "p1=10**18 #in cm^-3\n",
-    "delE_fni1=Const*math.log(n1/ni) #in eV\n",
-    "delE_ifp1=Const*math.log(p1/ni) #in eV\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"a)\\nelectron concentration= %.1g cm^-3\\n\" %n)\n",
-    "print(\"hole concentration= %.2g cm^-3\\n\" %p)\n",
-    "print(\"Fermi level w.r.t intrinsic fermi level= %0.3f eV\\n\" %delE)\n",
-    "print(\"b)\\nelectron concentration= %.1g cm^-3\\n\" %n0)\n",
-    "print(\"hole concentration= %.1g cm^-3\\n\" %p0)\n",
-    "print(\"Quasi fermi level for n-type carrier= %0.3f eV\\n\" %delE_fni)\n",
-    "print(\"Quasi fermi level for p-type carrier= %0.2f eV\\n\" %delE_ifp)\n",
-    "print(\"c)\\nelectron concentration= %.1g cm^-3\\n\" %n1)\n",
-    "print(\"hole concentration= %.1g cm^-3\\n\" %p1)\n",
-    "print(\"Quasi fermi level for n-type carrier= %0.2f eV\\n\" %delE_fni1)\n",
-    "print(\"Quasi fermi level for p-type carrier= %0.2f eV\\n\" %delE_ifp1)\n",
-    "#The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10.7 , Page number 403"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Wavelength of radiation for germanium= 1.85 micro-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Wavelength of radiation for silicon= 1.10 micro-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Wavelength of radiation for gallium-arsenide= 0.87 micro-m\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Wavelength of radiation for SiO2= 0.14 micro-m\n",
-      "\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "h=4.135*10**-15 #plancks constant in eVs\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/s\n",
-    "EgGe=0.67 #in eV\n",
-    "EgSi=1.124 #in eV\n",
-    "EgGaAs=1.42 #in eV\n",
-    "EgSiO2=9 #in eV\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "lamda1=(h*c)/EgGe/10**-6 #in micro-m\n",
-    "lamda2=(h*c)/EgSi/10**-6 #in micro-m\n",
-    "lamda3=(h*c)/EgGaAs/10**-6 #in micro-m\n",
-    "lamda4=(h*c)/EgSiO2/10**-6 #in micro-m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength of radiation for germanium= %1.2f micro-m\\n\" %lamda1)\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength of radiation for silicon= %1.2f micro-m\\n\" %lamda2) #The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength of radiation for gallium-arsenide= %1.2f micro-m\\n\" %lamda3)\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength of radiation for SiO2= %1.2f micro-m\\n\" %lamda4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10.8 , Page number 404"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a)Current= 5.59*10**-15 A\n",
-      "\n",
-      "b)Total number of solar cells= 25000\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Na=10**18 #in cm**-3\n",
-    "Nd=10**17 #in cm**-3\n",
-    "myu_p=471 #in cm**2/Vs\n",
-    "myu_n=1417 #in cm**2/Vs\n",
-    "tau_p=10**-8 #in s\n",
-    "tau_n=10**-6 #in s \n",
-    "JL=40 #in mA/cm**2\n",
-    "A=10**-5 #in cm**2\n",
-    "R1=1000 #in ohm\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19 #in J\n",
-    "ni=1.45*10**10 #in cm**-3\n",
-    "Vt=0.02586 #constant for kT/e at 300K in V\n",
-    "V=0.1 #in V\n",
-    "n=10 #number of solar cells\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "#a)\n",
-    "Dp=Vt*myu_p #in cm**2/s\n",
-    "Dn=Vt*myu_n #in cm**2/s\n",
-    "Ln=math.sqrt(Dn*tau_n) #in cm\n",
-    "Lp=math.sqrt(Dp*tau_p) #in cm\n",
-    "Js=e*ni**2*((Dp/(Nd*Lp))+(Dn/(Na*Ln))) #in A/cm**2\n",
-    "Is=Js*10**-5 #in A\n",
-    "IF=Is*(math.exp(V/Vt)-1) #in A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b)\n",
-    "IL=40*10**-8 #in A\n",
-    "I=IL-IF #in \n",
-    "X=((10**-3)/(I))*n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"a)Current= %.2f*10**-15 A\\n\" %round(IF/10**-15,2)) #The answers vary due to round off error\n",
-    "print(\"b)Total number of solar cells= %i\" %X)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10.9 , Page number 405"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Wavelength= 8.69*10**-7 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Eg=1.43 #Energy band gap in eV\n",
-    "h=4.14*10**-15 #planck's constant in eV/s\n",
-    "c=3*10**8 #in m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "lamda=(h*c)/Eg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"Wavelength= %0.2f*10**-7 m\" %round(lamda/10**-7,2)) #The answers vary due to round off error"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10.10 , Page number 406"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 49,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power conversion efficiency = 0.32 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "PC=190 #optical Power generated in mW\n",
-    "I=25*10**-3 #in A\n",
-    "V=1.5 #in V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "P=V/I #Electrical Power\n",
-    "n=PC/P\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"Power conversion efficiency = %0.2f %%\" %(n/10))\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter11.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter11.ipynb
index 2cd846f8..2cd846f8 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter12_1G5pKOe.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter12_1G5pKOe.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c961102..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter12_1G5pKOe.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,159 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "#  Chapter 12 : INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND MICRO-ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12.1 , Page number 456"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Effective Resistance= 10.17 k-ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "l=100 #length of resistor in micro-m\n",
-    "w=10 #width of resistor in micro-m\n",
-    "R=0.9 #sheet resistance in k-ohm/n \n",
-    "End_points=0.65*2 #Total contribution of two end points\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Total_squares=l/w\n",
-    "T=Total_squares+End_points #Total effective sqaures\n",
-    "Reff=T*R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"Effective Resistance= %0.2f k-ohm\" %Reff)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12.2, Page number 457"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Capacitance per unit area = 0.69 pF/cm**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "epsilon_0=8.85*10**-14 #in F/cm\n",
-    "epsilon_i=3.9 #in F/cm\n",
-    "tox=0.5*10**-4 #in cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "C=(epsilon_0*epsilon_i)/tox\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"Capacitance per unit area = %0.2f pF/cm**2\" %round(C/10**-8,2))\n",
-    "#The answer provided in the textbook is wrong"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12.3 , Page number 457"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sheet resistance= 250 ohm\n",
-      "\n",
-      "average resistivity= 0.025 ohm-cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Length=4 #in micro-m\n",
-    "Width=1 #in micro-m\n",
-    "R=1000 #in ohm\n",
-    "xj=1*10**-4 #junction depth in cm                \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "N=Length/Width\n",
-    "R0=R/N\n",
-    "rho=R0*xj\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print(\"Sheet resistance= %i ohm\\n\" %R0)\n",
-    "print(\"average resistivity= %0.3f ohm-cm\" %rho)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter2.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter2.ipynb
index 63a5a06a..63a5a06a 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter3.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter3.ipynb
index a0fd4aba..901966f7 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter3.ipynb
@@ -182,22 +182,21 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
-     "ename": "SyntaxError",
-     "evalue": "invalid syntax (<ipython-input-35-754c806b687a>, line 1)",
-     "output_type": "error",
-     "traceback": [
-      "\u001b[1;36m  File \u001b[1;32m\"<ipython-input-35-754c806b687a>\"\u001b[1;36m, line \u001b[1;32m1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;33m    http://localhost:8888/notebooks/Chapter3.ipynb##importing module\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;37m        ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[1;31m:\u001b[0m invalid syntax\n"
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "1/mnc*= 0.26 m0\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "http://localhost:8888/notebooks/Chapter3.ipynb##importing module\n",
+    "#importing module\n",
     "import math\n",
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "\n",
@@ -592,14 +591,14 @@
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
     "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
+    "version": 2
    },
    "file_extension": ".py",
    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.5.2"
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter4.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter4.ipynb
index cf309081..cf309081 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter5.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter5.ipynb
index c69c6d26..c69c6d26 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter6.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter6.ipynb
index d8624900..d8624900 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter7.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter7.ipynb
index 242910a9..242910a9 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter8.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter8.ipynb
index 8f45a209..8f45a209 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter9.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter9.ipynb
index 6dec3b62..6dec3b62 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter13.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter13.ipynb
index c0e79f73..c0e79f73 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter14.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter14.ipynb
index ead244bb..ead244bb 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch10.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics.ipynb
index 678a41cc..678a41cc 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch10.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch2.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index e605f938..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 2 : Special Purpose Diodes"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.1, Page No. 68"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# maximum current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Pmax=364.0               #dissipation in milliwatt\n",

-      "Vz=9.1                   #in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Izmax=Pmax/Vz            #in mA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"maximum current the diode can handle is ,(mA)= %.f\"%Izmax)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "maximum current the diode can handle is ,(mA)= 40\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2, Page No. 68"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Vaariable declaration\n",

-      "mip=15.0                  #in volt\n",

-      "op=6.8                    #output potential in volt\n",

-      "pd=mip-op                 #potential difference across series resistor\n",

-      "Il=5                      #load current in mA\n",

-      "nmip=20                   #new maximum input voltage in volt\n",

-      "pd1=nmip-op               #new potential difference across series resistor\n",

-      "Il1=20                    #new load current in mA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "R=((pd1-pd)/((Il1-Il)*10**-3))\n",

-      "print(\"value of series resistance is,(ohm)= %.1f\"%R)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "value of series resistance is,(ohm)= 333.3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.3, Page No.69"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#VAriable declaration\n",

-      "V=120.0              #in V\n",

-      "Vz=50.0              #in V\n",

-      "R=5.0                #in ohm\n",

-      "Rl=10.0              #in k-ohm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "vd5=V-Vz             #voltage drop across 5 ohm resistor\n",

-      "I5=vd5/R             #current through 5 ohm resistor\n",

-      "Il=Vz/(Rl*10**3)     #current through load resistor\n",

-      "Iz=I5-Il             #in A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"current through zener diode is ,(A)= %.3f\"%Iz)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "current through zener diode is ,(A)= 13.995\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch3.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index e33d4edf..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,676 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 3 : Bi Polar Junction Transistor"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.1, Page No. 82"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# varitation in alpha and value of beta \n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Beta=50.0         #amlification factor\n",

-      "dbb=1.0           #percentage variation in degree celsius\n",

-      "daa=dbb/50.0      #variation in degree celsius\n",

-      "temp=325.0        #in K\n",

-      "t=25              #degree celsius\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Beta1=dbb*t\n",

-      "nBeta=Beta+(Beta1/100)*t\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(b) variation in alpha for a silicon BJT is ,(%%/degree-Celsius) = %.2f\"%daa)\n",

-      "print(\"(c) new value of Beta is , = %.2f\"%nBeta)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(b) variation in alpha for a silicon BJT is ,(%/degree-Celsius) = 0.02\n",

-        "(c) new value of Beta is , = 56.25\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 46

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.2, Page No.83"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# current amplification factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "del_Ic=1*10**-3             # in A\n",

-      "del_Ib=50*10**-6            # in A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calcualtions\n",

-      "Beta=del_Ic/del_Ib;\n",

-      "print(\"The current amplification factor,Beta = %.f\"%Beta)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The current amplification factor,Beta = 20\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3, Page No.83"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# base current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "alfa=0.88          # Alfa\n",

-      "Ie=1               # in mA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calcualtions\n",

-      "Ic=alfa*Ie         \n",

-      "I_B=Ie-Ic\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Base current,(mA) = %.2f\"%I_B)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Base current,(mA) = 0.12\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.4, Page No.83"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# short circuit current gain\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "del_Ic=0.95*10**-3 # in A\n",

-      "del_Ie=1*10**-3     # in A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "alfa=del_Ic/del_Ie;\n",

-      "print(\"the short circuit current gain, = %.2f\"%alfa)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "the short circuit current gain, = 0.95\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.5, Page No. 83"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# collector and base current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Ie=5*10**-3            # in A\n",

-      "alfa=0.95              # Alfa \n",

-      "I_co=10*10**-6         # in A\n",

-      "Ic=((alfa*Ie)+I_co)*10**3\n",

-      "Ib=(Ie-(Ic*10**-3))*10**6\n",

-      "print(\"Collector current,(mA) = %.2f\"%Ic)\n",

-      "print(\"Base current,(micro-A) = %.f\"%Ib)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Collector current,(mA) = 4.76\n",

-        "Base current,(micro-A) = 240\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.6, Page No. 84"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Ic Ib and Iceo\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Ie=5.0                # in mA\n",

-      "alfa=0.99             # Alfa\n",

-      "I_co=0.005            # in mA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#CAlculations\n",

-      "Ic=((alfa*Ie)+I_co)\n",

-      "Ib=(Ie-Ic)\n",

-      "Beta=alfa/(1-alfa)\n",

-      "I_CEO=I_co/(1-alfa)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Ic,(mA)        = %.3f\"%Ic)\n",

-      "print(\"Ib,(micro-A)   = %.f\"%(Ib*10**3))\n",

-      "print(\"Beta           = %.f\"%Beta)\n",

-      "print(\"I_CEO(micro-A) = %.f\"%(I_CEO*10**3))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Ic,(mA)        = 4.955\n",

-        "Ib,(micro-A)   = 45\n",

-        "Beta           = 99\n",

-        "I_CEO(micro-A) = 500\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.7, Page No. 84"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# change in collector current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "alfa=0.9            # constant\n",

-      "Del_Ib=4            # in mA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Caculations\n",

-      "Beta=alfa/(1-alfa)\n",

-      "Del_Ic=Beta*Del_Ib;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"The change in the collector current,(mA) = %.f\"%Del_Ic)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The change in the collector current,(mA) = 36\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 21

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.8, Page No. 84"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# emitter current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Beta=40.0      #beta\n",

-      "Ib=25.0        # base current in micro-A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "Ic=Beta*Ib;\n",

-      "Ie=(Ib+Ic)*10**-3\n",

-      "print(\"Ie,(mA) = %.3f\"%Ie)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Ie,(mA) = 1.025\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 24

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.9, Page No. 85"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# beta \n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "alfa=0.98            # constant\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "Beta=alfa/(1-alfa)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Beta =  %.f\"%Beta)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Beta =  49\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 27

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.10, Page No. 85"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# error\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Beta=100.0       # constant\n",

-      "Ib=20*10**-6     # in A\n",

-      "I_co=500*10**-9  # in A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "Ic1=((Beta*Ib)+(1+Beta)*I_co)*10**3\n",

-      "Ic2=(Beta*Ib)*10**3\n",

-      "Error=(Ic1-Ic2)*100.0/Ic1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"The error,(%%) = %.2f\"%Error)\n",

-      "#answer is wrong in the txtbook"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The error,(%) = 2.46\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 30

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.11, Page No.85"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# change in base current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "alfa=0.98 \n",

-      "del_Ie=5.0          # in mA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "del_Ic=alfa*del_Ie  # in mA\n",

-      "del_Ib=del_Ie-del_Ic;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"change in base current,(mA) = %.1f\"%del_Ib)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "change in base current,(mA) = 0.1\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 32

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.12, Page No. 86"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# collector current base current and alfa\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Ie=8.4           # in mA\n",

-      "cr=0.8/100       # carriers recombine in base in %\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ib=cr*Ie\n",

-      "Ic=Ie-Ib\n",

-      "alfa=Ic/Ie\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(a). The base current,Ib(mA) = %.3f\"%Ib)\n",

-      "print(\"(b). The collector current,Ic(mA) = %.2f\"%Ic)\n",

-      "print(\"(c). the value of alfa = %.3f\"%alfa)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(a). The base current,Ib(mA) = 0.067\n",

-        "(b). The collector current,Ic(mA) = 8.33\n",

-        "(c). the value of alfa = 0.992\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 34

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.13, Page No. 86"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# ac current gain\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Ie1=20.0       # in mA\n",

-      "Ie2=15.0       # in mA\n",

-      "Ib1=0.48       # in mA\n",

-      "Ib2=0.32       # in mA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "del_Ie=(Ie1-Ie2)*10**-3\n",

-      "del_Ib=(Ib1-Ib2)*10**-3\n",

-      "del_Ic=del_Ie-del_Ib\n",

-      "alfa=del_Ic/del_Ie \n",

-      "Beta=del_Ic/del_Ib\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"ac current gain in common base arrangement,    = %.2f\"%alfa)\n",

-      "print(\"ac current gain in common emitter arrangement, = %.f\"%Beta)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "ac current gain in common base arrangement,    = 0.97\n",

-        "ac current gain in common emitter arrangement, = 30\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 37

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.14, Page No. 87"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Beta Iceo and collector current \n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "alfa=0.992         # constant\n",

-      "Ib=30*10**-6       # in A\n",

-      "I_CBO=48*10**-9    # in A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "Beta=alfa/(1-alfa)\n",

-      "I_CEO=(1+Beta)*I_CBO*10**6\n",

-      "Ic=((Beta*Ib)+(1+Beta)*I_CBO)*10**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(a) Beta = %.f\"%Beta)\n",

-      "print(\"(a) I_CEO (micro-A) = %.f\"%I_CEO)\n",

-      "print(\"(b) Collector current,Ic(mA) = %.2f\"%(math.floor(Ic*100)/100))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(a) Beta = 124\n",

-        "(a) I_CEO (micro-A) = 6\n",

-        "(b) Collector current,Ic(mA) = 3.72\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 47

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.15, Page No. 87"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# collector current alfa and beta\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Ie=9.6             # emitter current in mA\n",

-      "Ib=0.08            # base current in mA\n",

-      "alfa=0.99\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Ic=Ie-Ib\n",

-      "alfa=math.floor(Ic*100/Ie)/100\n",

-      "Beta=alfa/(1-alfa)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(a). collector current,Ic(mA) = %.2f\"%Ic)\n",

-      "print(\"(b). alfa = %.2f\"%alfa)\n",

-      "print(\"(c). Beta = %.f\"%Beta)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(a). collector current,Ic(mA) = 9.52\n",

-        "(b). alfa = 0.99\n",

-        "(c). Beta = 99\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 51

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.16, Page No.87"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# collector current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Ib=68*10**-6      # in A\n",

-      "Ie=30*10**-3      # in A\n",

-      "Beta=440.0        # constant\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "alfa=Beta/(1+Beta)\n",

-      "Ic=alfa*Ie*10**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Collector current,Ic(mA) = %.2f\"%Ic)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Collector current,Ic(mA) = 29.93\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 45

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch4.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index db0cddeb..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,950 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 4: Small signal amplifliers"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.1, Page No.118"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Rc=4.7            # in ohm\n",

-      "Vcc=24.0          # in V\n",

-      "Ic1=0             # in A\n",

-      "Ic=1.5            # in mA\n",

-      "#this is given as 15 mA in textbook which is wrong\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc*10**-3*10**3)\n",

-      "Vce1=Vcc-Ic1*Rc\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(i) Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V)  =  %.2f\"%Vce)\n",

-      "print(\"(ii) Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) =  %.f\"%Vce1)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i) Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V)  =  16.95\n",

-        "(ii) Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) =  24\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.2, Page No. 118"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# vce\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Beta=100.0\n",

-      "Rb=200*10**3          # in ohm\n",

-      "Rc=1*10**3            # in ohm\n",

-      "Vcc=10.0              # in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ib=Vcc/Rb             # in A\n",

-      "Ic=Beta*Ib            # in A\n",

-      "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) =  %.f\"%Vce)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) =  5\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.3, Page No. 119"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# base resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vcc=20.0               # in V\n",

-      "Vbe=0.73               # in V\n",

-      "Rc=2.0                 # in kilo-ohm\n",

-      "Icsat= Vcc/Rc          #in mA\n",

-      "Beta=200.0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#RCalculatons\n",

-      "Ib=(Icsat/Beta)*10**3     # in micro-A\n",

-      "Rb=((Vcc-Vbe)/(Ib))*10**3 # in kilo-ohm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Rb < %.f  kilo-ohm\"%(math.ceil(Rb)))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Rb < 386  kilo-ohm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4, Page No. 119"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# operating point\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vcc=15.0             # in V\n",

-      "Rb=200.0             # in k-ohm\n",

-      "Rc=2.0               # in k-ohm\n",

-      "Beta=50.0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ib=(Vcc/(Rb*10**3+(Beta*Rc*10**3)))*10**6\n",

-      "Ic=Beta*Ib*10**-3\n",

-      "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*10**-3*(Rc*10**3))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"collector current,Ic(mA) = %.1f\"%Ic)\n",

-      "print(\"Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = %.f\"%Vce)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "collector current,Ic(mA) = 2.5\n",

-        "Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = 10\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.5, Page No. 120"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# resistor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vcc=15.0             # in V\n",

-      "Vce=6.0              # in V\n",

-      "Rc=3*10**3           # in ohm\n",

-      "Beta=50.0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ic=(Vcc-Vce)/Rc\n",

-      "Ib=Ic/Beta;\n",

-      "Rb=((Vcc/Ib)-(Beta*Rc))*10**-3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"The value of resistoe,Rb(k-ohm) = %.f\"%Rb)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The value of resistoe,Rb(k-ohm) = 100\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.6, Page No. 120"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# operating point\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vcc=12.0            # in V\n",

-      "Rb1=70.0            # in k-ohm\n",

-      "Rb2=70.0            # in k-ohm\n",

-      "Beta=50.0\n",

-      "Rc=2.0              # in k-ohm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ib=Vcc/((Rb1+Rb2+(Beta*Rc))*10**3)\n",

-      "Ic=Beta*Ib*10**3\n",

-      "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Collector current,Ic(mA) = %.1f\"%Ic)\n",

-      "print(\"Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = %.f\"%Vce)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Collector current,Ic(mA) = 2.5\n",

-        "Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = 7\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.7, Page No. 121"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# operating point\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vcc=9.0             # in V\n",

-      "Rb=50.0             # in k-ohm\n",

-      "Rc=250.0            # in ohm\n",

-      "Re=500.0            # in ohm\n",

-      "Beta=80.0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ib=Vcc/(Rb*10**3+(Beta*Re))\n",

-      "Ic=Beta*Ib*10**3\n",

-      "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*10**-3*(Rc+Re));\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"collector current,Ic(mA) = %.f\"%Ic)\n",

-      "print(\"Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = %.f\"%Vce)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "collector current,Ic(mA) = 8\n",

-        "Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = 3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.8, Page No. 121"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# operating point\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "R2=4.0            # in k-ohm\n",

-      "R1=40.0           # in k-ohm\n",

-      "Vcc=22.0          # in V\n",

-      "Rc=10.0           # in k-ohm\n",

-      "Re=1.5            # in k-ohm\n",

-      "Vbe=0.5           # in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Voc=R2*10**3*Vcc/((R1+R2)*10**3)\n",

-      "Ic=(Voc-Vbe)/(Re*10**3)\n",

-      "Vce=Vcc-(Rc+Re)*Ic*10**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = %.1f\"%Vce)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = 10.5\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 21

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.9, Page No.124"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# maximum collector current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Bv=12.0           # battery voltage in V\n",

-      "Cl=6.0            # collector load in k-ohm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "CC=Bv/Cl\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Collector current,(mA) = %.f\"%CC)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Collector current,(mA) = 2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 23

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.10, Page No. 125"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# maximum collector current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Bv=12.0           # battery voltage in V\n",

-      "P=2.0             # power in Watt\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ic=(P/Bv)*10**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"The maximum collector current,Ic(mA) = %.1f\"%Ic)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The maximum collector current,Ic(mA) = 166.7\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 25

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.11, Page No. 125"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# gain\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "del_ic=1.0        # in mA\n",

-      "del_ib=10.0       # in micro-A\n",

-      "del_Vbe=0.02      # in V\n",

-      "del_ib=10*10**-6  # in A\n",

-      "Rc=2.0            # in k-ohm\n",

-      "Rl=10.0           # in k-ohm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Beta=del_ic/(del_ib*10**3)\n",

-      "Ri=(del_Vbe/del_ib)*10**-3\n",

-      "Rac=Rc*Rl/(Rc+Rl);\n",

-      "Av=round(Beta*Rac/Ri);\n",

-      "Ap=Beta*Av;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Current gain,Beta         = %.f\"%Beta)\n",

-      "print(\"Input impedence,Ri(k-ohm) = %.f\"%Ri)\n",

-      "print(\"Effective load,Rac(k-ohm) = %.2f\"%(math.floor(Rac*100)/100))\n",

-      "print(\"Voltage gain,Av           = %.f\"%Av)\n",

-      "print(\"power gain,Ap             = %.f\"%Ap)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Current gain,Beta         = 100\n",

-        "Input impedence,Ri(k-ohm) = 2\n",

-        "Effective load,Rac(k-ohm) = 1.66\n",

-        "Voltage gain,Av           = 83\n",

-        "power gain,Ap             = 8300\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 70

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.12, Page No. 125"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# output voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Rc=10.0         # in k-ohm\n",

-      "Rl=10           # in k-ohm\n",

-      "Beta=100.0\n",

-      "Ri=2.5\n",

-      "Iv=2.0          # input voltage in mV\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Rac=Rc*Rl/(Rc+Rl)\n",

-      "Av=round(Beta*Rac/Ri)\n",

-      "Ov=Av*Iv*10**-3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Output voltage,(V) = %.1f\"%Ov)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Output voltage,(V) = 0.4\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 34

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.13, Page No.133"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# gain and resistance \n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "I=1.0\n",

-      "hfe=46.0\n",

-      "hoe=80*10**-6\n",

-      "hre=5.4*10**-4\n",

-      "hie=800.0             # in ohm\n",

-      "RL=5*10**3            # in ohm\n",

-      "Rg=500                # in ohm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "Aie=hfe/(I+(hoe*RL))\n",

-      "Aie = math.floor(Aie*10)/10\n",

-      "Zie=hie-(hre*RL*Aie)\n",

-      "Ave=(Aie*RL)/Zie\n",

-      "Ave=math.floor(Ave*10)/10\n",

-      "Zoe=((hie+Rg)/(hoe*(hie+Rg)-(hfe*hre)))/10**3\n",

-      "Ape=Aie*Ave\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Current gain,Aie             = %.1f\"%(Aie))\n",

-      "print(\"Input resistance,Zie(ohm)    = %.1f\"%(Zie))\n",

-      "print(\"Voltage gain,Ave             = %.1f\"%Ave)\n",

-      "print(\"Output resistance,Zoe(k-ohm) = %.1f\"%Zoe)\n",

-      "print(\"Power gain,Ape               = %.1f\"%Ape)\n",

-      "#voltage gain and power gain are calculated wrong in the textbook"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Current gain,Aie             = 32.8\n",

-        "Input resistance,Zie(ohm)    = 711.4\n",

-        "Voltage gain,Ave             = 230.5\n",

-        "Output resistance,Zoe(k-ohm) = 16.4\n",

-        "Power gain,Ape               = 7560.4\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 79

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.14, Page No.141"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# gain and voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "A=100.0              # gain without feedback\n",

-      "Beta=1.0/25          # feed back ratio\n",

-      "vi=50.0              # mV\n",

-      "Af=(A/(1+(Beta*A)))  # gain with feedback\n",

-      "ff=Beta*A            # feedback factor\n",

-      "Vo=Af*vi*10**-3      # in V\n",

-      "fv=Beta*Vo           # in V\n",

-      "vin=vi*(1+Beta*A)    # mV\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"gain with feedback is ,              = %.f\"%Af)\n",

-      "print(\"feedback factor is,                  = %.f\"%ff)\n",

-      "print(\"output voltage is ,(V)               = %.f\"%Vo)\n",

-      "print(\"feedback voltage is ,(V)             = %.2f\"%fv)\n",

-      "print(\"new increased input voltage is ,(mV) = %.f\"%vin)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "gain with feedback is ,              = 20\n",

-        "feedback factor is,                  = 4\n",

-        "output voltage is ,(V)               = 1\n",

-        "feedback voltage is ,(V)             = 0.04\n",

-        "new increased input voltage is ,(mV) = 250\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 40

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.15, Page No. 142"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# voltage gain\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "A=1000.0               # gain without feedback\n",

-      "fctr=0.40              # gain reduction factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A2=800.0               # redued gain\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Af=A-fctr*A                # gain with feedback\n",

-      "Beta=((A/Af)-1)/A          # feed back ratio\n",

-      "Af2=((A2)/(1+(Beta*A2)))\n",

-      "prfb= ((A-A2)/A)*100       #percentage reduction without feedback\n",

-      "prwfb= ((Af-Af2)/Af)*100   #percentage reduction without feedback\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(i) voltage gain  is ,                             = %.1f\"%Af2)\n",

-      "print(\"(ii) percentage reduction without feedback is,(%%) = %.f\"%prfb)\n",

-      "print(\"     percentage reduction with feedback is,(%%)    = %.2f\"%(math.ceil(prwfb*100)/100))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i) voltage gain  is ,                             = 521.7\n",

-        "(ii) percentage reduction without feedback is,(%) = 20\n",

-        "     percentage reduction with feedback is,(%)    = 13.05\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 81

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.16, Page No. 142"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# small change in gain\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "A=200.0            #gain without feedback\n",

-      "Beta=0.25          #feed back ratio\n",

-      "gc=10              #percent gain change\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "dA=gc/100.0\n",

-      "dAf= ((1/(1+Beta*A)))*dA\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"small change in gain is, = %.4f\"%(math.floor(dAf*10**4)/10**4))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "small change in gain is, = 0.0019\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 58

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.17, Page No.143"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# input voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "A=200.0              # gain without feedback\n",

-      "Beta=0.05            # feed back ratio\n",

-      "Dn=10.0              # percentage distortion\n",

-      "vo=0.5               # initial output voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Af=(A/(1+(Beta*A)))  # gain with feedback\n",

-      "Dn1=(Dn/(1+A*Beta))  # percentage Distortion with negative feedback\n",

-      "ff=Beta*A            # feedback factor\n",

-      "vi=A*vo              # in V\n",

-      "vin=vi/Af            # in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"gain with negative feedback is ,                      = %.1f\"%Af)\n",

-      "print(\"percentage Distortion with negative feedback is ,(%%)  = %.3f\"%Dn1)\n",

-      "print(\"new input voltage is ,(V)                             = %.1f\"%vin)\n",

-      "#gain and input voltage are calculated wrong in the textbook   "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "gain with negative feedback is ,                      = 18.2\n",

-        "percentage Distortion with negative feedback is ,(%)  = 0.909\n",

-        "new input voltage is ,(V)                             = 5.5\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 83

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.18, Page No. 143"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# percentage of feedback\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "A=50.0                     # gain without feedback\n",

-      "Af=10.0                    # gain with feedback\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Beta=(((A/Af)-1)/A)*100    # feed back ratio\n",

-      "print(\"percentage of feedback is ,(%%) = %.f\"%Beta)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "percentage of feedback is ,(%) = 8\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 84

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.19, Page No. 144"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# band width\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Bw=200.0                # bandwidth in kHz\n",

-      "vg=40.0                 # dB\n",

-      "fb=5.0                  # percentage negetive feedback\n",

-      "A=40.0                  # gain without feedback\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Beta=fb/100             # feed back ratio\n",

-      "Af=(A/(1+(Beta*A)))     # gain with feedback\n",

-      "Bwf= (A*Bw)/Af          # Bandwidth with feedback\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\" new band-width is ,(kHz) = %.f\"%Bwf)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        " new band-width is ,(kHz) = 600\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 52

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.20, Page No. 144"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# percentage reduction\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "A=50.0                # gain without feedback\n",

-      "Af=25.0               # gain with feedback\n",

-      "Ad=40.0               # new gain after ageing\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Beta=(((A/Af)-1)/A)   # feed back ratio\n",

-      "Af1=(Ad/(1+(Beta*Ad)))# new gain with feedback\n",

-      "df=Af-Af1             # reduction in gain\n",

-      "pdf= (df/Af)*100      # percentage reduction in gain\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\" percentage reduction in gain is ,(%%) = %.1f\"%pdf)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        " percentage reduction in gain is ,(%) = 11.1\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 55

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.21, Page No. 145"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Av and beta\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Af=100.0               # gain with feeback\n",

-      "vi=50.0                # in mV\n",

-      "vi1=60.0               # in mV\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calcualtion\n",

-      "AAf=vi1/vi\n",

-      "A=AAf*Af\n",

-      "Beta=(((A/Af)-1)/A)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Av is ,= %.f\"%A)\n",

-      "print(\"feedback factor is, = %.5f or 1/600\"%Beta)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Av is ,= 120\n",

-        "feedback factor is, = 0.00167 or 1/600\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 57

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch5.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch5.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 6b01a9c6..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch5.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,331 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 5 : Power Amplifiers"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.1, Page No. 167"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# efficiency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Pac=0.1             #in W\n",

-      "Vcc=20.0            #in V\n",

-      "Ic=20.0             #in mA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Pdc=Vcc*Ic*10**-3   #in W\n",

-      "eta=(Pac/Pdc)*100   #efficiency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"efficiency is ,(%%)= %.f\"%eta)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "efficiency is ,(%)= 25\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.2, Page No. 167"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# collector current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Pac=2.0                 #in W\n",

-      "Vcc=12.0                #in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ic=(Pac*math.sqrt(2)*math.sqrt(2))/Vcc\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"maximum collector current is ,(A)= %.2f\" %Ic)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "maximum collector current is ,(A)= 0.33\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.3, Page No. 167"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# collector efficiency and power rating\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Pac=3.0                 #in W\n",

-      "Pdc=10.0                #in W\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "eta=(Pac/Pdc)*100       #percentage efficieny \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"collector efficiency is ,      (%%) = %.f\"%eta)\n",

-      "print(\"power rating of transistor is ,(W) = %.f\" %Pdc)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "collector efficiency is ,      (%) = 30\n",

-        "power rating of transistor is ,(W) = 10\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.4, Page No. 168"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# power\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "dIc=100.0                             #in mA\n",

-      "Rl=6.0                                #in ohm\n",

-      "Rl=6.0                                #in ohm\n",

-      "dVc=10.0                              #in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "mv=dIc*Rl*10**-3                      #in V\n",

-      "pd=mv*dIc                             #in mW\n",

-      "oi=(dVc/dIc)*10**3                    #in ohm\n",

-      "n=math.sqrt(oi/Rl)                    #turn ratio of transformer\n",

-      "tsv=dVc/n                             #om V\n",

-      "Il=tsv/Rl                             #in A\n",

-      "ptr= Il**2*Rl*10**3                   #in mW\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(i)  power developed in loudspeaker is ,  (mW)= %.f\"%pd)\n",

-      "print(\"(ii) power transferred to loudspeaker is ,(mw)= %.f\"%ptr)\n",

-      "#in textbook in second case there is one point deviation in the answer."

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i)  power developed in loudspeaker is ,  (mW)= 60\n",

-        "(ii) power transferred to loudspeaker is ,(mw)= 1000\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5, Page No. 168"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# power\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "n=10.0                          #turn ratio\n",

-      "Rl=10.0                         #ohm\n",

-      "Ic=100.0                        #in mA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "Rld=n**2*Rl                     #in ohm\n",

-      "Irms=Ic/(math.sqrt(2))          #in mA\n",

-      "P=Irms**2*Rld                    #in W\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"maximum power output is ,(W)= %.f\"%(P*10**-6))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "maximum power output is ,(W)= 5\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 20

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.6, Page No. 169"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# harmonic distortions and change in power\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#ie=15*sin 400*t+1.5*sin 800*t + 1.2*sin 1200*t + 0.5*sin 1600*t  given equation\n",

-      "I2=1.5                               #in A\n",

-      "I1=15.0                              #in A\n",

-      "I3=1.2                               #in A\n",

-      "I4=0.5                               #in A\n",

-      "D2=(I2/I1)*100                       #Second percentage harmonic distortion\n",

-      "D3=(I3/I1)*100                       #Third percentage harmonic distortion\n",

-      "#in book I2 is mentioned wrongly in place of I1\n",

-      "D4=(I4/I1)*100                       #Fourth percentage harmonic distortion\n",

-      "D=math.sqrt(D2**2+D3**2+D4**2)/100   #Distortion Factor\n",

-      "P1=1.0                               #assume\n",

-      "P=(1+D**2)*P1                        #in W\n",

-      "peri=((P-P1)/P1)*100                 #percentage increase in power due to distortion\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"part (i)\")\n",

-      "print(\"Second percentage harmonic distortion (D2) is ,(%%) = %.f\"%D2)\n",

-      "print(\"Third percentage harmonic distortion  (D3) is ,(%%) = %.f\"%D3)\n",

-      "print(\"Fourth percentage harmonic distortion (D4) is ,(%%) = %.2f\"%D4)\n",

-      "print(\"\\npart (ii)\")\n",

-      "print(\"percentage increase in power due to distortion is ,(%%) = %.2f\"%peri)\n",

-      "# answer for % increase is slightly different than book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "part (i)\n",

-        "Second percentage harmonic distortion (D2) is ,(%) = 10\n",

-        "Third percentage harmonic distortion  (D3) is ,(%) = 8\n",

-        "Fourth percentage harmonic distortion (D4) is ,(%) = 3.33\n",

-        "\n",

-        "part (ii)\n",

-        "percentage increase in power due to distortion is ,(%) = 1.75\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.7, Page No. 169"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# power dissipated\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vcc=15.0                        #in V\n",

-      "Vpeak=24.0/2                    #in V\n",

-      "Rl=100.0                        #in ohm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Ipeak= Vpeak/Rl                 #in A\n",

-      "Pdc=Vcc*(2/(math.pi))*Ipeak     #in W\n",

-      "pad=(1.0/2)*(Vpeak**2)/Rl       #in W\n",

-      "pd=Pdc-pad                      #in W\n",

-      "pde=pd/2                        #in W\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"power dissipated by each transistor is,(mW)= %.f\"%(pde*10**3))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "power dissipated by each transistor is,(mW)= 213\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 28

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch6.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch6.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index ebc711df..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch6.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,325 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 6 : Field Effect Transistors"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.1, Page No. 184"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# drain resistance transconductance and amplification factor\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from array import array\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vgs=array('d', [0.0, 0.0, 0.3])     #in V\n",

-      "Vds=array('d',[5.0, 10.0, 10.0])    #in V\n",

-      "Id=array('d',[8.0, 8.2, 7.6])       #in mA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calcualtions\n",

-      "dVds=Vds[1]-Vds[0]                  #in V\n",

-      "dId=Id[1]-Id[0]                     #in mA\n",

-      "rd=(dVds/dId)                       #in kilo-ohm\n",

-      "dVgs=Vgs[2]-Vgs[1]                  #in V\n",

-      "dId1=Id[1]-Id[2]                    #in mA\n",

-      "gm=dId1/dVgs                        #in mA/volt\n",

-      "mu=gm*rd                            #A/V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(i)  A.C. Drain resistance is ,(kilo-ohm)= %.f\"%rd)\n",

-      "print(\"(ii) Transconductance is ,(mS)           = %.f\"%gm)\n",

-      "print(\"(iii) Amplification factor is ,          = %.f\"%mu)\n",

-      "#Transconductance and Amplification factor are calculated wrong in the textbook"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i)  A.C. Drain resistance is ,(kilo-ohm)= 25\n",

-        "(ii) Transconductance is ,(mS)           = 2\n",

-        "(iii) Amplification factor is ,          = 50\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.2, Page No. 184"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# mutual conductance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "I1=1.0                  # in mA\n",

-      "I2=1.2                  # in mA\n",

-      "V1=-3.0                 # in V\n",

-      "V2=-2.9                 # in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "del_ID=(I2-I1)\n",

-      "del_VGS=V2-V1           # in V\n",

-      "gm=del_ID/del_VGS\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"mutual conductance,gm(mS) = %.f\"%gm)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "mutual conductance,gm(mS) = 2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.3, Page No. 185"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# pinch off voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "a=5.6*10**-6/2                  # channel width in m\n",

-      "epsilon0=8.86*10**-12           # in F/m\n",

-      "epsilon=12*epsilon0             # in F/m\n",

-      "Nd=10**21                       # in m^-3\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19                   # in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vp=e*Nd*a**2/(2*epsilon);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Pinch off voltage,Vp(V) = %.1f\"%Vp)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Pinch off voltage,Vp(V) = 5.9\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.4, Page No. 185"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# ID gm and gmo\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "I_DES=8.7                 # in mA\n",

-      "V1=-3.0                   # in V\n",

-      "V_GS=-1.0                 # in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "gmo=-(2*I_DES/V1)\n",

-      "ID=I_DES*(1-(V_GS/V1))**2\n",

-      "gm=gmo*(1-(V_GS/V1));\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(i).  ID(mA)  = %.3f\"%(math.floor(ID*1000)/1000))\n",

-      "print(\"(ii). gmo(mS) = %.1f\"%gmo)\n",

-      "print(\"(iii).gm(mA)  = %.3f\"%(math.floor(gm*1000)/1000))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i).  ID(mA)  = 3.866\n",

-        "(ii). gmo(mS) = 5.8\n",

-        "(iii).gm(mA)  = 3.866\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.5, Page No. 186"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Vgs\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "ID=3.0                         # in mA\n",

-      "I_DSS=9.0                      # in mA\n",

-      "Vp=-4.5                        # in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vgs=-Vp*(math.sqrt(ID/I_DSS)-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Vgs(V) = %.1f\"%Vgs)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Vgs(V) = -1.9\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 25

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6, Page No. 196"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# voltage amplification\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "gm=3                  #Transconductance in mS\n",

-      "rl=10                 #load resistance in kilo-ohm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "av=gm*rl\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"the voltage aplification is ,= %.f\"%av)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "the voltage aplification is ,= 30\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 27

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.7, Page No. 196"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# output voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Rl=20.0                   #in kilo-ohm\n",

-      "Rs=1.0                    #in kilo-ohm\n",

-      "Rg=1.0                    #in M-ohm\n",

-      "Cs=25.0                   #in micro-F\n",

-      "mu=20.0                   #amplification factor\n",

-      "rd=100.0                  #in kilo-ohm\n",

-      "vi=2.0                    #in V\n",

-      "f=1.0                     #in kilo-Hz\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Xc=((1/(2*math.pi*f*10**3*Cs*10**-6)))\n",

-      "A=((mu*Rl*10**3)/((rd+Rl)*10**3))\n",

-      "Vo=A*vi\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"amplifier output signal voltage is ,(V)= %.2f\"%(math.floor(Vo*100)/100))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "amplifier output signal voltage is ,(V)= 6.66\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch9.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 1a3e4d3e..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,154 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 9 : Silicon Controlled Rectifier"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.1, Page No. 238 "

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# average voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Vm=200.0           #in V\n",

-      "theta=30.0         #firing angle in degree\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "vdc=((Vm/math.pi)*(1+math.cos(theta*math.pi/180)))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"average value of voltage is ,(V)= %.f\"%(round(vdc)))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "average value of voltage is ,(V)= 119\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.2, Page No. 238"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# dc load current rms load current amd power dissipiated\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Va=300.0                 # in V\n",

-      "Vm=300.0*math.sqrt(2)    # in V\n",

-      "Rl=50.0                  #in ohm\n",

-      "theta1=90.0              #firing angle in degree\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "idc=((Vm/(2*math.pi*Rl))*(1+math.cos(theta1*math.pi/180)))\n",

-      "irms=Va/(2*Rl)\n",

-      "P=irms**2*Rl\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(i)   The dc load current is ,(A)             = %.2f\"%idc)\n",

-      "print(\"(ii)  The rms load current is ,(A)            = %.f\"%(round(irms)))\n",

-      "print(\"(iii) The power dissipated by the load is ,(W)= %.f\"%(round(P)))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i)   The dc load current is ,(A)             = 1.35\n",

-        "(ii)  The rms load current is ,(A)            = 3\n",

-        "(iii) The power dissipated by the load is ,(W)= 450\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.3, Page No. 239"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# firing angle conducting angle and average current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "Ih=0.0                        #in A\n",

-      "Vi=100.0                      #in V\n",

-      "Vm=200.0                      #in V\n",

-      "Rl=100.0                      #in ohm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "theta1=(180/math.pi)*math.asin(Vi/Vm) #firing angle in degree\n",

-      "ca=180-theta1                         #conducting angle in dehree\n",

-      "av=((Vm/(2*math.pi))*(1+math.cos(theta1*math.pi/180)))\n",

-      "ac=av/Rl               \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result \n",

-      "print(\"(i)   firing angle is ,(degree)     = %.f\u00b0\"%(theta1))\n",

-      "print(\"(ii)  conducting angle is ,(degree) = %.f\u00b0\"%ca)\n",

-      "print(\"(iii) average current is ,(A)       = %.4f\"%ac)\n",

-      "#average current is wrong in the textbook"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i)   firing angle is ,(degree)     = 30\u00b0\n",

-        "(ii)  conducting angle is ,(degree) = 150\u00b0\n",

-        "(iii) average current is ,(A)       = 0.5940\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Bonding.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic.ipynb
index eeb8e9d4..eeb8e9d4 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Bonding.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Diffusion.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Diffusion.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 2b5220b3..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Diffusion.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,869 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 6: Atomic Diffusion"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The rate at which nitrogen escapes through the tank wall =\n",
-      "1e-16 kg per metre square per sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex6.1 Rate of diffusion of N through steel wall: Page-195 (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " # Diffusion coeffcient of N in steel at room temperature, metre sq per sec\n",
-    "D = 1e-019;                            \n",
-    "# Concentration of nitrogen at the inner surface of the tank, kg per metre cube\n",
-    "dc = 10;                         \n",
-    "dx = 10e-03;                            # Thickness of the steel wall, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Fick's first law giving outward flux of nitrogen \n",
-    "#through steel wall of the tank, kg per metre square per second\n",
-    "J = D*(dc/dx); \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe rate at which nitrogen escapes through the tank wall =\"\n",
-    "print round((J*10**16))*10**-16,\"kg per metre square per sec\"   "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The outward flux of copper through the Al sheet = \n",
-      "2.63e+15 Cu atoms per metre square per sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Python Code Ex6.2 Rate of diffusion of copper through pure Al sheet:Page-196\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a = 4.05e-010;                          # Lattice parameter of fcc Al, m\n",
-    "N = 4;         # Number of Al atoms per unit cell of fcc Al\n",
-    "# Diffusion coeffcient of copper in Al at 550 degree celsius,metre sq per sec\n",
-    "D = 5.25e-013;             \n",
-    "c1 = 0.19e-02;     # Atomic percent of copper at the surface, per unit volume\n",
-    "# Atomic percent of Cu at the the depth 1.2 mm from the surface,per unit volume\n",
-    "c2 = 0.18e-02; \n",
-    "dx = 1.2e-03;                           # Thickness of the pure Al sheet, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = N/a**3;               # Number of Al atoms per unit volume, per metre cube\n",
-    "#Change in concentration of Cu at 1.2 mm depth of the surface,per metre cube\n",
-    "dc = (c2 - c1)*n;\n",
-    " # Fick's first law giving outward flux of copper through the Al sheet, \n",
-    " #Cu atoms per metre square per second\n",
-    "\n",
-    "J = -D*(dc/dx);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe outward flux of copper through the Al sheet = \"\n",
-    "print round((J*10**-15),2)*10**15,\"Cu atoms per metre square per sec\"   "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "Number of carbon atoms diffusing through each unit cell per minute =\n",
-      "82.19 atoms per minute\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Python Code Ex6.3 Rate of diffusion of carbon through steel bar:Page-196(2010)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a = 3.65e-010;                # Lattice parameter of fcc structure of iron, m\n",
-    "D = 3e-011#Diffusion coeff. of C in iron at 1000degree celsius,metre sq per sec\n",
-    "n1 = 20;        # Number of unit cells per carbon atom at the surface of steel\n",
-    "#Number of unit cells per C atom at a depth 1 mm from the surface of steel\n",
-    "n2 = 30;\n",
-    "dx = 1e-03;                             # Thickness of the steel bar, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c1 = 1/(n1*a**3);   # Atomic percent of carbon at the surface, per metre cube\n",
-    "# Atomic percent of carbon at a depth 1 mm from the surface, per metre cube\n",
-    "c2 = 1/(n2*a**3);  \n",
-    " # Fick's first law giving outward flux of carbon through the Steel bar, \n",
-    " #C atoms per metre square per second\n",
-    "J = -D*((c2-c1)/dx);\n",
-    "# The number of carbon atoms diffusing through each unit cell per minute \n",
-    "J_uc = J*a**2*60;           \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "             \n",
-    "print\"\\nNumber of carbon atoms diffusing through each unit cell per minute =\"\n",
-    "print round(J_uc,2),\"atoms per minute\"   \n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The ratio of two cross-sectional areas =\n",
-      "6.67e-08\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex6.4 Diffusion through a cylinder: Page-199 (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r = 12; # Radius of cylindrical crystal, mm\n",
-    " # Assume effective thickness of the surface to be 4 angstrom \n",
-    " #= two atomic diameters, mm\n",
-    "t = 4e-07;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    " # Cross-sectional area for diffusion through the cylinder, milli-metre square\n",
-    "A1 = math.pi*r**2;\n",
-    " # Cross-sectional area for diffusion along the surface, milli-metre square\n",
-    "A2 = 2*math.pi*r*t;\n",
-    "ratio = A2/A1; # Ratio of two cross-sectional areas\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe ratio of two cross-sectional areas =\"\n",
-    "print round( (ratio*10**8),2)*10**-8\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The diffusion length of Li in Ge = 0.0006 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex6.5 Diffusion length of Li in Ge: Page-203 (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D = 1e-010;         # Diffusion coefficient for Li in Ge, metre square per sec\n",
-    "t = 1*60*60;      # Time taken by diffusing Li to travel diffusion depth, sec\n",
-    "T = 500+273;           # absolute temperature of the system, kelvin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x = (D*t)**0.5;                  # Diffusion length of Li in Ge, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe diffusion length of Li in Ge =\",x,\"m\"   "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "Time taken by diffusing Li to travel diffusion depth of 0.2 mm = 400.0 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex6.6 Diffusion time of Li in Ge: Page-203 (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "D = 1e-010;        # Diffusion coefficient for Li in Ge, metre square per sec\n",
-    "T = 500+273;               # Absolute temperature of the system, kelvin\n",
-    "x = 0.2e-03;                     # Diffusion length of Li in Ge, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    " # Diffusion length is given by\n",
-    " # x = sqrt(D*t), solving for t\n",
-    "t = x**2/D;#Time taken by diffusing Li to travel diffusion depth of 0.2 mm, sec\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nTime taken by diffusing Li to travel diffusion depth of 0.2 mm =\",t,\"s\"   \n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The diffusion coefficient of Cu in Al at 550 degree celsius =\n",
-      "5.22e-13 metre square per sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "The diffusion length of Cu in Al = 0.043 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex6.7 Diffusion coefficent of Cu in Al: Page 206 (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " # Pre-exponential diffusion constant independent of temp.,metre square per sec\n",
-    "D0 = 0.25e-04;         \n",
-    "T = 550+273;                  # Absolute temperature of the system, kelvin\n",
-    "R = 8.314;                              # Molar gas constant, J/mol/K\n",
-    "Q = 121e+03;            # The activation energy for diffusion, joule per mole\n",
-    "t = 1*60*60;                     # Time taken by Cu to diffuse into Al, sec\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Diffusion coefficient of Cu in Al at 550 degree celsius, metre square per sec \n",
-    "D = D0*math.exp(-Q/(R*T));         \n",
-    "x = (D*t)**0.5;             # Diffusion length of Cu in Al, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe diffusion coefficient of Cu in Al at 550 degree celsius =\"\n",
-    "print round((D*10**13),2)*10**-13,\"metre square per sec\"\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe diffusion length of Cu in Al =\", round(x*1000,3),\"mm\"    \n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The activation energy for diffusion of Ag in Si = 154.1 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex6.8 Activation energy for diffusion of silver\n",
-    "# in silicon: Page 206 (2010)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R = 8.314;                 # Molar gas constant, J/mol/K\n",
-    "T1 = 1350+273; # First temp. at which difuusion of Ag into Si takes place,K\n",
-    "T2 = 1100+273; # Second temp. at which difuusion of Ag into Si takes place,K\n",
-    "DRR = 8;                # Ratio of diffusion rates of Ag in Si at T1 and T2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    " # As diffusion coefficient at temperature T1 is D1 = D0*math.exp(-Q/(R*T1))\n",
-    " # and that at temperature T2 is D1 = D0*math.exp(-Q/(R*T2)), \n",
-    "#so that the diffusion rates ratio\n",
-    " # D1/D2 = DRR = math.exp(Q/R*(1/T2-1/T1)), solving for Q, we have\n",
-    " # Activation energy for diffusion of Ag in Si, kJ/mol\n",
-    "Q = R*math.log(DRR)/((1/T2-1/T1)*1000);      \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe activation energy for diffusion of Ag in Si =\",round(Q,2),\"kJ/mol\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The activation energy for diffusion of Ga in Si =\n",
-      "103.62 kcal/mol\n",
-      "\n",
-      "The pre-exponential diffusion constant, D0 =\n",
-      "24893.0 cm square per sec\n",
-      "\n",
-      "The diffusivity of the system = 1.05e-11 cm square per sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex6.9 Activation energy and diffusion constant of a diffusion \n",
-    " #system obeying Arrhenius rate law: Page 207 (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    "   \n",
-    "#Variable declaration \n",
-    " \n",
-    "R = 1.987;                              # Molar gas constant, cal/mol/K\n",
-    "D_1100 = 8e-013;#Diffusivity of Ga in Si at1100 degree celsius,cm sq per sec\n",
-    "D_1300 = 1e-010;# Diffusivity of Ga in Si at 1300 degree celsius,cm sq per sec\n",
-    "T1 = 1100+273;#First temperature at which diffusion of Ga into Si takes place,K\n",
-    "T2 = 1300+273;#Second temperature at which diffusion of Ga into Si takes place\n",
-    "T = 1200+273;                           # Temperature at which diffusion of Ga\n",
-    "# into Si is to be calculated, kelvin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    " # Arrehenius equation in math.log10 form is  given by\n",
-    " # math.log10(D) = math.log10(D0)-Q/(2.303*R*T)    --- (a)\n",
-    " # Thus math.log10(D_1100) = math.log10(D0)-Q/(2.303*R*T1)     --- (i)\n",
-    " # math.log10(D_1300) = math.log10(D0)-Q/(2.303*R*T2)    --- (ii), \n",
-    " # On subtracting (ii) from (i), we get\n",
-    " # math.log10(D_1100/D_1300) = -Q/(2.303*R)*(1/T2-1/T1), solving for Q\n",
-    "# Activation energy for diffusion of Ga in Si, cal/mol\n",
-    "Q = (2.303*math.log10(D_1100/D_1300)*R)/(1/T2-1/T1);\n",
-    " # Putting Q in (ii) and solving for D0\n",
-    "D0 = math.exp(2.303*math.log10(D_1100)+Q/(R*T1))\n",
-    " # D0 = math.exp(2.303*math.log10(D_1300)+Q/(R*T2));    \n",
-    " # Pre-exponential diffusion constant independent of temp.,cm square per sec\n",
-    " # Substituting D0, Q, R and T in (a) and solving for D, we have\n",
-    "# Diffusivity of the system, cm square per sec\n",
-    "D = math.exp(2.303*math.log10(D0)-Q/(R*T));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe activation energy for diffusion of Ga in Si =\"\n",
-    "print round((Q/1000),2),\"kcal/mol\" \n",
-    "print\"\\nThe pre-exponential diffusion constant, D0 =\"\n",
-    "print round(D0),\"cm square per sec\" \n",
-    "print\"\\nThe diffusivity of the system =\",\n",
-    "print round((D*10**11),2)*10**-11,\"cm square per sec\"\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The activation energy for diffusion of A in B = 57.17 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex6.10 Activation energy for diffusion rates at\n",
-    "# different temperatures: Page 208 (2010)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#Variable declaration \n",
-    " \n",
-    "R = 8.314;                              # Molar gas constant, J/mol/K\n",
-    "T1 = 500+273;# First temperature at which diffusion of A into B takes place,K\n",
-    "T2 = 850+273;# Second temperature at which diffusion of A into B takes place,K\n",
-    "PDR = 1/4;#Penetration depth ratio at 500 degree celsius and 850 degree celsius\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    " # x1/x2 = sqrt(D1/D2) i.e. PDR = sqrt(DRR), DRR is the diffusion rate ratio\n",
-    " # solving for DRR\n",
-    "DRR = PDR**2;                     # Diffusion rate ratio D1/D2 of A in B\n",
-    " # As diffusion coefficient at temperature T1 is D1 = D0*math.exp(-Q/(R*T1))\n",
-    " # and that at temperature T2 is D1 = D0*math.exp(-Q/(R*T2)),\n",
-    "# so that the diffusion rates ratio\n",
-    " # D1/D2 = DRR = math.exp(Q/R*(1/T2-1/T1)), solving for Q, we have\n",
-    " # Activation energy for diffusion of A in B, kJ/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Q = R*math.log(DRR)/((1/T2-1/T1)*1000);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe activation energy for diffusion of A in B =\",round(Q,2),\"kJ/mol\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The time necessary to increase the carbon content of steel =\n",
-      "110.63 minutes\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex6.11 Time required for carburizing of steel: Page 209 (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    "  \n",
-    "#Variable declaration \n",
-    " \n",
-    "C0 = 0.0018;                            # Intial carbon concentration of steel\n",
-    "Cx = 0.0030;#Carbon concentration of steel at 0.60 mm below the surface \n",
-    "Cs = 0.01;                  # Carbon concentration of steel at the surface\n",
-    "x = 0.6e-03;             # Diffusion depth below the surface of the gear, m\n",
-    "D_927 = 1.28e-011;#Diffusion coefficient for carbon in iron,metre square per sec\n",
-    "Z1 = 1.0\n",
-    "Z2 = 1.1;  # Preceding and succeeding values about Z from error function table\n",
-    "erf_Z1 = 0.8427\n",
-    "# Preceding and succeeding values about erf_Z from error function table\n",
-    "erf_Z2 = 0.8802;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "erf_Z = (Cs-Cx)/(Cs-C0);#Error function of Z as a solution to Fick's second law\n",
-    "Z=Z1+((Z2-Z1)*(erf_Z-erf_Z1)/(erf_Z2-erf_Z1));\n",
-    " # As Z = x/(2*sqrt(D_927*t)), \n",
-    "#where Z is a constant argument of error function as erf(Z)\n",
-    " # Solving for t, we have\n",
-    "# Time necessary to increase the carbon content of steel, sec\n",
-    "t = (x/(2*Z))**2/D_927;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe time necessary to increase the carbon content of steel =\"\n",
-    "print round(t/60,2),\"minutes\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The carbon concentration of carburized steel at 0.06 inch depth =\n",
-      "0.31 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex6.12 Carbon concentration \n",
-    " #of carburized steel at certain depth: Page 210 (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Variable declaration \n",
-    " \n",
-    "C0 = 0.0020;                  # Initial carbon concentration of steel\n",
-    "Cs = 0.012;                  # Carbon concentration of steel at the surface\n",
-    "t = 10*60*60;                  # Carburizing time of steel, sec\n",
-    "x = 0.06*25.4*1e-03;      # Diffusion depth below the surface of the gear, mm\n",
-    "D_927 = 1.28e-011;#Diffusion coeff. for carbon in iron,metre square per sec\n",
-    "Z1 = 1.1 \n",
-    "Z2 = 1.2;  # Preceding and succeeding values about Z from error function table\n",
-    "erf_Z1 = 0.8802\n",
-    "# Preceding and succeeding values about erf_Z from error function table   \n",
-    "erf_Z2 = 0.9103;   \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "Z = x/(2*(D_927*t)**0.5)  # A constant argument of error function as erf(Z)\n",
-    "# Error function of Z as a solution to Fick's second law\n",
-    "efZ=(erf_Z1)+((erf_Z2-erf_Z1)*((Z-Z1)/(Z2-Z1)));\n",
-    " # Carbon concentration of carburized steel at 0.06 inch depth\n",
-    "Cx =-(efZ*(Cs-C0)-Cs) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "      \n",
-    "print\"\\nThe carbon concentration of carburized steel at 0.06 inch depth =\"\n",
-    "print round(Cx*100,2),\"percent\"\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The minimum depth upto which post machining is to be done =\n",
-      "0.66 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex6.13 Depth of decarburization below \n",
-    " #the surface of steel: Page 211 (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    " \n",
-    "C2 = 0.012;                        # Initial carbon concentration of steel\n",
-    "Cx = 0.008;     # Carbon concentration of carburized steel at x metre depth\n",
-    "Cs = 0;          # Carbon concentration of steel at the surface\n",
-    "t = 5*60*60;                    # Carburizing time of steel, sec\n",
-    "D_927 = 1.28e-011; # Diffusion coefficient for carbon in iron,metre sq per sec\n",
-    "Z1 = 0.65\n",
-    "Z2 = 0.70; # Preceding and succeeding values about Z from error function table\n",
-    "erf_Z1 = 0.6420\n",
-    "# Preceding and succeeding values about erf_Z from error function table \n",
-    "erf_Z2 = 0.6778;  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "erf_Z = abs((Cs-Cx)/(C2-Cs));#Error function of Z as solution to Fick's 2nd law\n",
-    "Z=Z1+(Z2-Z1)*((erf_Z-erf_Z1)/(erf_Z2-erf_Z1))\n",
-    " # As Z = x/(2*sqrt(D_927*t)), \n",
-    "#where Z is a constant argument of error function as erf(Z)\n",
-    " # Solving for x, we have\n",
-    "x = Z*2*(D_927*t)**0.5;# Depth of decarburization below the surface of steel,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    " \n",
-    "print \"The minimum depth upto which post machining is to be done =\"\n",
-    "print round(x*1000,2),\"mm\"\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The diffusion depth of boron into silicon = 0.000125 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Python Code Ex6.14 Diffusion depth of P-type semiconductor B into Si:Page 212\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "  \n",
-    "C0 = 0;                             # Initial boron concentration of silicon\n",
-    "Cx = 1e+17;    # Boron concentration at depth x below the silicon surface\n",
-    "Cs = 1e+18;                # Boron concentration of silicon at the surface\n",
-    "T = 1100+273;       # Absolute temperature of the system, kelvin\n",
-    "t = 2*60*60;              # Time taken to diffuse boron into silicon, sec\n",
-    "D_1100 = 4e-013;# Diffusion coefficient for boron in silicon, cm square per sec\n",
-    "Z1 = 1.1; # Preceding and succeeding values about Z from error function table\n",
-    "Z2 = 1.2;                     \n",
-    "# Preceding and succeeding values about erf_Z from error function table \n",
-    "erf_Z1 = 0.8802;\n",
-    "erf_Z2 = 0.9103;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Error function of Z as a solution to Fick's second law\n",
-    "erf_Z = abs((Cs-Cx)/(Cs-C0));\n",
-    "Z=Z1+((Z2-Z1)*(erf_Z-erf_Z1)/(erf_Z2-erf_Z1));\n",
-    " # As Z = x/(2*sqrt(D_927*t)),\n",
-    "#where Z is a constant argument of error function as erf(Z)\n",
-    " # Solving for x, we have\n",
-    "x = Z*2*(D_1100*t)**0.5; # Diffusion depth of boron into silicon\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe diffusion depth of boron into silicon =\",round(x,6),\"cm\"\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.6"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Packing.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Packing.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 35bf6828..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Packing.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,398 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 3: Atomic Packing"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "Free  area  in  square  lattice  is  : 21.46 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " #  Python  Code  Ex3.1  Packing  of  equal  spheres  in  \n",
-    " #two  dimensional  square  lattice:Page-88(2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    " \n",
-    " #Herewemayassumesquareofunitlengthi.e.a=1suchthatradiusofsphere,R=a/2=0.5\n",
-    "a=1;         #  Length  of  the  side  of  the  square,  unit\n",
-    "R  =  a/2;                               #  Radius  of  the  sphere,  unit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Radius of  the  sphere  introduced  within  the  void  produced  by \n",
-    "# the  packing  of  equal  spheres  on  square  lattice,  unit\n",
-    "r  =  ((2)**0.5-1)*R; \n",
-    "A  =  math.pi*R**2;      #  Area  associated  with  a  sphere,  square  units\n",
-    "FA  =  a**2-A;#Free area occupied  by  void  in  square  lattice,square  units\n",
-    "FA_per  =  FA*100;    #  Percentage  free  area  in  square  lattice  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nFree  area  in  square  lattice  is  :\",round(FA_per,2),\"percent\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The packing efficiency in diamond structure is : 34.0 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " # Python Code Ex3.2 Packing efficiency in diamond structure: Page-92 (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    " \n",
-    " # For simplicity we may take radius of the atom, R = 1 unit\n",
-    "R = 1;                           # Radius of the atom in bcc lattice, unit\n",
-    "nc = 8;                   # Number of corner atoms in diamond structure\n",
-    "nfcc = 6;                  # Number of face centred atoms in diamond structure\n",
-    "na = 4;                      # Number of atoms completely within the unit cell\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1/8*nc+1/2*nfcc+1*na  # Effective number of atoms in the diamond structure\n",
-    "V_atom = 8*4/3*math.pi*R**3; # Volume of atoms within the unit cell, unit cube \n",
-    " # Since for a diamond cubic crystal, the space lattice is fcc, \n",
-    " #with two atos per lattice point, such that 8*R = sqrt(3)*a, solving for a\n",
-    "a = 8*R/(3)**0.5;       # lattice parameter of diamond structure, unit\n",
-    "V_cell = a**3;                 # Volume of the unit cell, unit cube\n",
-    "eta = V_atom/V_cell*100;    # Packing efficiency in diamond structure\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe packing efficiency in diamond structure is :\",round(eta),\"percent\"\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The  radius  of  the  largest  sphere  that\n",
-      " will  fit  into  the  octahedral  void  is  : 0.15 R\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " #  Python  Code  Ex3.3  Radius  of  largest  sphere  \n",
-    " #that  can  be  placed  at  the  octahedral  void:  Page-100  (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    " \n",
-    " #  For  simplicity  we  may  take  radius  of  the  atom,  R  =  1  unit\n",
-    "R  =  1;                 #  Radius  of  the  atom  in  bcc  lattice,  unit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #  For  a  bcc  lattice,  4*R  =  a*sqrt(3),  solving  for  a  \n",
-    "a  =  4*R/(3)**0.5;  #  lattice  parameter  of  bcc  crystal,  unit\n",
-    " #  Since  R  +  Rx  =  a/2,  solving  for  Rx\n",
-    "#Radius of  the largest sphere that will fit into the octahedral void, unit\n",
-    "Rx  =  a/2  -  R;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe  radius  of  the  largest  sphere  that\" \n",
-    "print \" will  fit  into  the  octahedral  void  is  :\",round(Rx,2),\"R\"\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The  radius  of  the  largest  sphere \n",
-      " that  will  fit  into  the  tetrahedral  void  is  : 0.29 RL\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    " #  Python  Code  Ex3.4  Radius  of  largest  sphere  that  \n",
-    " #can  be  placed  at  the  tetrahedral  void:  Page-100  (2010)\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    " \n",
-    " #  For  simplicity  we  may  take  radius  of  the  atom,  RL  =  1  unit\n",
-    "RL  =  1;       #  Radius  of  the  atom  in  bcc  lattice,  unit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #  For  a  bcc  lattice,  4*RL  =  a*sqrt(3),  solving  for  a  \n",
-    "a  =  4*RL/(3)**0.5;    #  Lattice  parameter  of  bcc  crystal,  unit\n",
-    " #  Further  RL  +  Rx  =  sqrt(5)*a/4,  solving  for  Rx\n",
-    " #  Radius of the largest sphere  that will fit into the octahedral void, unit\n",
-    "Rx  =  (5)**0.5*a/4-RL;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe  radius  of  the  largest  sphere \"\n",
-    "print \" that  will  fit  into  the  tetrahedral  void  is  :\",round(Rx,2),\"RL\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The diameter of the octahedral void in the fcc structure of nickel,\n",
-      " in angstrom, is :  1.03\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Python  Code  Ex3.5  Diameter  of  the  largest  atom  that \n",
-    "# would  fit  into  the  tetrahedral  void:5  Page-101  (2010)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a  =  3.52*10**-10;                #  Lattice  parameter  for  Ni,  m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #  For  an  fcc  lattice,  sqrt(2)*a  =  4*R,  solving  for  R\n",
-    "R  =  (2)**0.5*a/4;          #  Radius  of  the  atom  in  fcc  lattice,  m\n",
-    "R_oct  =  0.414*R; #Radius of the octahedral void  in  fcc  close  packing, m\n",
-    "D  =  2*R_oct#Diameter of the octahedral void in the fcc structure of nickel,m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"The diameter of the octahedral void in the fcc structure of nickel,\"\n",
-    "print\" in angstrom, is : \",round(D/(1*10**-10),2)\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "Void  space  in  the  close packing is: 19.0 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "# Python Code Ex3.6 Void space in cubic close packing:  Page-101  (2010)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R  =  1;               #  For  simplicity,  radius  of  the  sphere,  m\n",
-    "n  =  4;                 #  Number  of  lattice  points  in  fcc  unit  cell\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    " #  For  cubic  close  packing,  side  of  the  unit  cell  \n",
-    " #and  the  radius  of  the  sphere  is  related  as\n",
-    " #        sqrt(2)*a  =  4*R,  solving  for  a\n",
-    "a  =  2*(2)**0.5*R;     #Lattice  parameter  for  cubic  close  packing,  m\n",
-    "V_cell  =  a**3;                         #  Volume  of  the  unit  cell\n",
-    "#  Volume  occupied  by  the  atoms,  metre  cube\n",
-    "V_occupied  =  4*4/3*math.pi*((1.000)**3+(0.414)**3+2*(0.225)**3);\n",
-    "void_space  =  V_cell  -  V_occupied; #  Void  space  in  the  close  packing\n",
-    "percent_void  =  void_space/V_cell*100;     #  Percentage  void  space\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\nVoid  space  in  the  close packing is:\",round(percent_void),\"percent\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exa 3.7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Minimum value of radius ratio in AX compound is : 0.15\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Python CodeEx3.7 The minimum value of radius ratio in AX-compound:Page-104\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    " \n",
-    " # For simplicity we may assume a = 1\n",
-    "a = 1;                            # Lattice parameter of the crystal, unit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b = 2/3*a*math.sin(math.pi/3);        # Lattice parameter of the crystal, unit\n",
-    " # Here a = 2*Rx, where a is the lattice parameter and\n",
-    "# Rx is the radius of X-ions representing the bigger spheres, solving for Rx\n",
-    "Rx = 0.5*a; \n",
-    " # Also b = RA + Rx, solving for RA\n",
-    "RA = b - Rx;          # Radius of A-ion representing teh smaller sphere, unit\n",
-    "Rad_ratio = RA/Rx;   # Radius ratio in AX compound\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print\"\\n Minimum value of radius ratio in AX compound is :\", round(Rad_ratio,2)\n",
-    " "
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.6"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Shape_and_Size.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Shape_and.ipynb
index cdcd8ae5..cdcd8ae5 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Shape_and_Size.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atomic_Shape_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atoms_in_Crystals.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atoms_in.ipynb
index 84052b54..84052b54 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atoms_in_Crystals.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Atoms_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Band_Theory.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Band.ipynb
index 8b2e6e30..8b2e6e30 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Band_Theory.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Band.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Crystal_Imperfections.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Crystal.ipynb
index 3372424d..3372424d 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Crystal_Imperfections.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Crystal.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Dielectric_Properties_of_Materials.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Dielectric_Properties_of.ipynb
index 8d6e1efd..8d6e1efd 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Dielectric_Properties_of_Materials.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Dielectric_Properties_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Diffraction_of_Waves_and_Particles_by_Crystals.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Diffraction_of_Waves_and_Particles_by.ipynb
index 6c9fbb25..6c9fbb25 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Diffraction_of_Waves_and_Particles_by_Crystals.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Diffraction_of_Waves_and_Particles_by.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Free_Electrons_in_Crystals.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Free_Electrons_in.ipynb
index f362bb50..f362bb50 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Free_Electrons_in_Crystals.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Free_Electrons_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Lattice_or_Atomic_Vibrations.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Lattice_or_Atomic.ipynb
index e3de05b3..e3de05b3 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Lattice_or_Atomic_Vibrations.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Lattice_or_Atomic.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Magnetic_Properties_of_Materials.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Magnetic_Properties_of.ipynb
index 7472c6a3..7472c6a3 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Magnetic_Properties_of_Materials.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Magnetic_Properties_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Optical_Properties_of_Materials.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Optical_Properties_of.ipynb
index d570c0f3..d570c0f3 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Optical_Properties_of_Materials.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Optical_Properties_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Semiconducting_Properties_of_Materials.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Semiconducting_Properties_of.ipynb
index 968add86..968add86 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Semiconducting_Properties_of_Materials.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Semiconducting_Properties_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Thermal_Properties_of_Materials.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Thermal_Properties_of.ipynb
index bebfb4c5..bebfb4c5 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Thermal_Properties_of_Materials.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics:_Structure_And_Properties_Of_Materials_by_M._A._Wahab/Thermal_Properties_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1.ipynb
index 51a24716..0faa0cad 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
     "#importing modules\n",
     "import math\n",
     "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import *\n",
+    "from sympy import diff\n",
     "import numpy as np\n",
     "\n",
     "#Variable declaration\n",
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -132,18 +132,6 @@
    "display_name": "Python 2",
    "language": "python",
    "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter10_uTyvarI.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter10_uTyvarI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 76c25efb..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter10_uTyvarI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,212 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 10: Dielectric Properties"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 10.26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "insulation resistance is 0.85 *10**18 ohm\n",
-      "answer varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho=5*10**16;   #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
-    "l=5*10**-2;    #thickness(m)\n",
-    "b=8*10**-2;    #length(m)\n",
-    "w=3*10**-2;    #width(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=b*w;    #area(m**2)\n",
-    "Rv=rho*l/A;    \n",
-    "X=l+b;      #length(m)\n",
-    "Y=w;      #perpendicular(m)\n",
-    "Rs=Rv*X/Y;    \n",
-    "Ri=Rs*Rv/(Rs+Rv);       #insulation resistance(ohm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"insulation resistance is\",round(Ri/10**18,2),\"*10**18 ohm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 10.26"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "polarisability of He is 0.185 *10**-40 farad m**2\n",
-      "relative permittivity is 1.0000564\n",
-      "answer varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.84*10**-12;\n",
-    "R=0.55*10**-10;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "N=2.7*10**25;      #number of atoms\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "alpha_e=4*math.pi*epsilon0*R**3;    #polarisability of He(farad m**2)\n",
-    "epsilonr=1+(N*alpha_e/epsilon0);      #relative permittivity\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"polarisability of He is\",round(alpha_e*10**40,3),\"*10**-40 farad m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"relative permittivity is\",round(epsilonr,7)\n",
-    "print \"answer varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 10.27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "field strength is 3.535 *10**7 V/m\n",
-      "total dipole moment is 33.4 *10**-12 Cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "A=360*10**-4;    #area(m**2)\n",
-    "V=15;    #voltage(V)\n",
-    "C=6*10**-6;     #capacitance(farad)\n",
-    "epsilonr=8;\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.84*10**-12;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E=V*C/(epsilon0*epsilonr*A);     #field strength(V/m)\n",
-    "dm=epsilon0*(epsilonr-1)*V*A;    #total dipole moment(Cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"field strength is\",round(E/10**7,3),\"*10**7 V/m\"\n",
-    "print \"total dipole moment is\",round(dm*10**12,1),\"*10**-12 Cm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 10.27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the complex polarizability is (3.50379335033-0.0600074383321j) *10**-40 F-m**2\n",
-      "answer cant be rouned off to 2 decimals as given in the textbook. Since it is a complex number and complex numbers cant be converted to float\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "epsilonr=4.36;      #dielectric constant\n",
-    "t=2.8*10**-2;       #loss tangent(t)\n",
-    "N=4*10**28;         #number of electrons\n",
-    "epsilon0=8.84*10**-12;      \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "epsilon_r = epsilonr*t;\n",
-    "epsilonstar = (complex(epsilonr,-epsilon_r));\n",
-    "alphastar = (epsilonstar-1)/(epsilonstar+2);\n",
-    "alpha_star = 3*epsilon0*alphastar/N;             #complex polarizability(Fm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"the complex polarizability is\",alpha_star*10**40,\"*10**-40 F-m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answer cant be rouned off to 2 decimals as given in the textbook. Since it is a complex number and complex numbers cant be converted to float\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter11_j1rU3Z4.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter11_j1rU3Z4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 617a2a18..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter11_j1rU3Z4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,327 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 11: Magnetic Properties"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 11.31"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "temperature rise is 8.43 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "El=10**-2*50;       #energy loss(J)\n",
-    "H=El*60;      #heat produced(J)\n",
-    "d=7.7*10**3;    #iron rod(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "s=0.462*10**-3;    #specific heat(J/kg K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=H/(d*s);     #temperature rise(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"temperature rise is\",round(theta,2),\"K\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 11.31"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "magnetic field at the centre is 14 weber/m**2\n",
-      "dipole moment is 9 *10**-24 ampere/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;    #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "new=6.8*10**15;   #frequency(revolutions per second)\n",
-    "mew0=4*math.pi*10**-7;\n",
-    "R=5.1*10**-11;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "i=round(e*new,4);          #current(ampere)\n",
-    "B=mew0*i/(2*R);    #magnetic field at the centre(weber/m**2)\n",
-    "A=math.pi*R**2;\n",
-    "d=i*A;       #dipole moment(ampere/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"magnetic field at the centre is\",int(round(B)),\"weber/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"dipole moment is\",int(round(d*10**24)),\"*10**-24 ampere/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 11.31"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "intensity of magnetisation is 5 ampere/m\n",
-      "flux density in material is 1.257 weber/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "chi=0.5*10**-5;    #magnetic susceptibility\n",
-    "H=10**6;     #field strength(ampere/m)\n",
-    "mew0=4*math.pi*10**-7;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "I=chi*H;     #intensity of magnetisation(ampere/m)\n",
-    "B=mew0*(I+H);    #flux density in material(weber/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"intensity of magnetisation is\",int(I),\"ampere/m\"\n",
-    "print \"flux density in material is\",round(B,3),\"weber/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 11.31"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of Bohr magnetons is 2.22 bohr magneon/atom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "B=9.27*10**-24;      #bohr magneton(ampere m**2)\n",
-    "a=2.86*10**-10;      #edge(m)\n",
-    "Is=1.76*10**6;       #saturation value of magnetisation(ampere/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "N=2/a**3;\n",
-    "mew_bar=Is/N;      #number of Bohr magnetons(ampere m**2)\n",
-    "mew_bar=mew_bar/B;      #number of Bohr magnetons(bohr magneon/atom)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of Bohr magnetons is\",round(mew_bar,2),\"bohr magneon/atom\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 11.32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "average magnetic moment is 2.79 *10**-3 bohr magneton/spin\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew0=4*math.pi*10**-7;\n",
-    "H=9.27*10**-24;      #bohr magneton(ampere m**2)\n",
-    "beta=10**6;      #field(ampere/m)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23;    #boltzmann constant\n",
-    "T=303;    #temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mm=mew0*H*beta/(k*T);    #average magnetic moment(bohr magneton/spin)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"average magnetic moment is\",round(mm*10**3,2),\"*10**-3 bohr magneton/spin\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 11.32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "hysteresis loss per cycle is 188 J/m**3\n",
-      "hysteresis loss per second is 9400 watt/m**3\n",
-      "power loss is 1.23 watt/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "A=94;      #area(m**2)\n",
-    "vy=0.1;    #value of length(weber/m**2)\n",
-    "vx=20;     #value of unit length\n",
-    "n=50;      #number of magnetization cycles\n",
-    "d=7650;    #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "h=A*vy*vx;     #hysteresis loss per cycle(J/m**3)\n",
-    "hs=h*n;       #hysteresis loss per second(watt/m**3)\n",
-    "pl=hs/d;      #power loss(watt/kg)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"hysteresis loss per cycle is\",int(h),\"J/m**3\"\n",
-    "print \"hysteresis loss per second is\",int(hs),\"watt/m**3\"\n",
-    "print \"power loss is\",round(pl,2),\"watt/kg\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 11.33"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "critical field is 33.64 *10**3 ampere/m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "H0=64*10**3;         #initial field(ampere/m)\n",
-    "T=5;                 #temperature(K)\n",
-    "Tc=7.26;             #critical temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "H=H0*(1-(T/Tc)**2);      #critical field(ampere/m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"critical field is\",round(H/10**3,2),\"*10**3 ampere/m\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter12_MsiPuok.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter12_MsiPuok.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index af17168c..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter12_MsiPuok.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 12: Lasers"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 12.30"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "relative population in laser transition levels is 1.081 *10**30\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "h=6.626*10**-34;       #plancks constant(J s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;             #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=6943*10**-10;    #wavelength of emission(m)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23;        #boltzmann constant\n",
-    "T=300;                 #temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "new=c/lamda;           #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "x=h*new/(k*T);\n",
-    "N1byN2=math.exp(x);    #relative population in laser transition levels\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"relative population in laser transition levels is\",round(N1byN2/10**30,3),\"*10**30\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 12.31"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of photons emitted is 7.323 *10**15 photons/second\n",
-      "power density is 2.3 kW/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "h=6.626*10**-34;       #plancks constant(J s)\n",
-    "P=2.3*10**-3;          #output power(W)\n",
-    "t=1;                   #time(sec)\n",
-    "new=4.74*10**14;       #frequency(Hz)\n",
-    "s=1*10**-6;            #spot area(m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "n=P*t/(h*new);         #number of photons emitted in each second \n",
-    "Pd=P/s;                #power density(W/m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of photons emitted is\",round(n/10**15,3),\"*10**15 photons/second\"\n",
-    "print \"power density is\",Pd/10**3,\"kW/m**2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 12.31"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wavelength of emission is 8628 angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "h=6.626*10**-34;       #plancks constant(J s)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "Eg=1.44*1.6*10**-19;    #band gap(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=h*c/Eg;      #wavelength of emission(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wavelength of emission is\",int(round(lamda*10**10)),\"angstrom\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter13_YE4TWNG.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter13_YE4TWNG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 558f6667..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter13_YE4TWNG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,665 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 13: Fiber Optics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 13.19"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "critical angle is 78.5 degrees\n",
-      "numerical aperture is 0.3\n",
-      "acceptance angle is 17.4 degrees\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n2=1.47;              #refractive index of cladding\n",
-    "n1=1.5;    #refractive index of core\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "phi_c=math.asin(n2/n1);     #critical angle(radian)\n",
-    "phi_c=phi_c*180/math.pi;    #critical angle(degrees)\n",
-    "NA=math.sqrt(n1**2-n2**2);     #numerical aperture\n",
-    "phi_max=math.asin(NA);       #acceptance angle(radian)\n",
-    "phi_max=phi_max*180/math.pi;    #acceptance angle(degrees)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"critical angle is\",round(phi_c,1),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"numerical aperture is\",round(NA,1)\n",
-    "print \"acceptance angle is\",round(phi_max,1),\"degrees\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 13.19"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "total number of guided modes is 490\n",
-      "number of modes propagated inside fibre is 245\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "d=50*10**-6;     #diameter(m)\n",
-    "NA=0.2;      #numerical aperture(m)\n",
-    "lamda=1*10**-6;    #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "N=4.9*(d*NA/lamda)**2;     #total number of guided modes\n",
-    "Nf=N/2;                    #number of modes propagated inside fibre\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"total number of guided modes is\",int(N)\n",
-    "print \"number of modes propagated inside fibre is\",int(Nf)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 13.19"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "total number of guided modes is 1\n",
-      "it is a single mode propagation\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "d=5*10**-6;     #diameter(m)\n",
-    "n2=1.447;              #refractive index of cladding\n",
-    "n1=1.45;    #refractive index of core\n",
-    "lamda=1*10**-6;    #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "NA=math.sqrt(n1**2-n2**2);      #numerical aperture\n",
-    "N=4.9*(d*NA/lamda)**2;     #total number of guided modes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"total number of guided modes is\",int(N)\n",
-    "print \"it is a single mode propagation\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 13.19"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "numerical aperture is 0.46\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n1=1.46;    #refractive index of core\n",
-    "delta=0.05;    #refractive index difference\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "NA=n1*math.sqrt(2*delta);     #numerical aperture\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"numerical aperture is\",round(NA,2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 13.20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "V number is 94.72\n",
-      "maximum number of modes is 4486\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=50;\n",
-    "n2=1.5;              #refractive index of cladding\n",
-    "n1=1.53;    #refractive index of core\n",
-    "lamda0=1;    #wavelength(micro m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V_number=round(2*math.pi*a*math.sqrt(n1**2-n2**2)/lamda0,2);     #V number\n",
-    "n=V_number**2/2;     #maximum number of modes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"V number is\",V_number\n",
-    "print \"maximum number of modes is\",int(round(n))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 13.20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "total number of modes is 49178\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=100*10**-6;\n",
-    "NA=0.3;      #numerical aperture(m)\n",
-    "lamda=850*10**-9;    #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V_number=round(2*math.pi**2*a**2*NA**2/lamda**2);     #number of modes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"total number of modes is\",int(2*V_number)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 13.20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "cutoff wavelength is 1.315 micro m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=25*10**-6;\n",
-    "n1=1.48;    #refractive index of core\n",
-    "delta=0.01;    #refractive index difference\n",
-    "V=25;     #Vnumber\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=2*math.pi*a*n1*math.sqrt(2*delta)/V;      #cutoff wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"cutoff wavelength is\",round(lamda*10**6,3),\"micro m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 8, Page number 13.20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum value of core radius is 9.95 micro m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "V=2.405;     #Vnumber\n",
-    "lamda=1.3;    #wavelength(micro m)\n",
-    "NA=0.05;      #numerical aperture(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "amax=V*lamda/(2*math.pi*NA);     #maximum value of core radius(micro m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum value of core radius is\",round(amax,2),\"micro m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 9, Page number 13.21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "acceptance angle for meridional rays is 17.46 degrees\n",
-      "acceptance angle for skew rays is 25.104 degrees\n",
-      "answer for acceptance angle for skew rays given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "NA=0.3;      #numerical aperture(m)\n",
-    "gama=45*math.pi/180;     #angle(radian)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "thetaa=math.asin(NA);       #acceptance angle for meridional rays(radian)\n",
-    "thetaa=thetaa*180/math.pi;  #acceptance angle for meridional rays(degrees)\n",
-    "thetaas=math.asin(NA/math.cos(gama));     #acceptance angle for skew rays(radian)\n",
-    "thetaas=thetaas*180/math.pi;   #acceptance angle for skew rays(degrees)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"acceptance angle for meridional rays is\",round(thetaa,2),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"acceptance angle for skew rays is\",round(thetaas,3),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for acceptance angle for skew rays given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 10, Page number 13.21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "numerical aperture is 0.303\n",
-      "acceptance angle is 17.633 degrees\n",
-      "answer for angle given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "delta=0.0196;         #relative refractive index difference\n",
-    "n1=1.53;              #refractive index of core\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "NA=n1*math.sqrt(2*delta);     #numerical aperture\n",
-    "theta=math.asin(NA);          #acceptance angle(radian)\n",
-    "theta=theta*180/math.pi;      #acceptance angle(degrees)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"numerical aperture is\",round(NA,3)\n",
-    "print \"acceptance angle is\",round(theta,3),\"degrees\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for angle given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 11, Page number 13.21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "core radius is 1.548 micro m\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n2=1.465;             #refractive index of cladding\n",
-    "n1=1.480;             #refractive index of core\n",
-    "lamda=850*10**-9;     #wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "delta=(n1**2-n2**2)/(2*n1**2);         #relative refractive index difference\n",
-    "a=2.405*lamda*10**6/(2*math.pi*n1*math.sqrt(2*delta));     #core radius(micro m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"core radius is\",round(a,3),\"micro m\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 12, Page number 13.21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "total number of reflections per metre is 2321\n",
-      "total distance travelled by light is 1.0067 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n2=1.49;             #refractive index of cladding\n",
-    "n1=1.5;              #refractive index of core\n",
-    "a=25;                #core radius(micro m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "phic=math.asin(n2/n1);                  #angle(degrees)\n",
-    "l=2*a*math.tan(phic);                   #fibre length covered in 1 reflection(micro m)\n",
-    "n=10**6/l;                              #total number of reflections per metre\n",
-    "d=1/math.sin(phic);                     #total distance travelled by light(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"total number of reflections per metre is\",int(n)\n",
-    "print \"total distance travelled by light is\",round(d,4),\"m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 13, Page number 13.22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "total number of modes is 309\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "alpha=1.85;          #index profile\n",
-    "a=25;                #core radius(micro m)\n",
-    "NA=0.21;             #numerical aperture\n",
-    "lamda=1.3;           #wavelength(micro m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "n=(alpha*2*math.pi**2*a**2*NA**2)/(lamda**2*(alpha+2));     #number of modes\n",
-    "N=2*n;               #total number of modes\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"total number of modes is\",int(N)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 14, Page number 13.22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 41,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "signal attenuation per unit length is 1.7 dB km-1\n",
-      "overall signal attenuation is 17 dB\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=10;        #transmission distance(km)\n",
-    "Pi=100;      #optical power(micro W)\n",
-    "Po=2;        #optical power output(micro W)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sa=round(10*math.log10(Pi/Po)/L,1);     #signal attenuation per unit length(dB km-1)\n",
-    "osa=sa*L;                    #overall signal attenuation(dB)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"signal attenuation per unit length is\",sa,\"dB km-1\"\n",
-    "print \"overall signal attenuation is\",int(osa),\"dB\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 15, Page number 13.23"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 51,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dispersion is 1343.3 ns\n",
-      "bandwidth length product is 7.44 *10**6 Hz-km\n",
-      "answer for bandwidth given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "L=10;        #transmission distance(km)\n",
-    "n1=1.55;     #refractive index of core\n",
-    "delta=0.026;  #relative refractive index difference\n",
-    "C=3*10**5;    \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "deltaT=L*n1*delta/C;    #dispersion(s)\n",
-    "blp=L/deltaT;           #bandwidth length product(Hz-km)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"dispersion is\",round(deltaT*10**9,1),\"ns\"\n",
-    "print \"bandwidth length product is\",round(blp/10**6,2),\"*10**6 Hz-km\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for bandwidth given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter14_EldnQKR.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter14_EldnQKR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 92fbeef0..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter14_EldnQKR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,205 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 14: Acoustics of Buildings and Acoustic Quieting"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 14.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "reverbration time is 3.9 s\n",
-      "reverbration time when audience fill the hall is 1.95 s\n",
-      "reverbration time is reduced to one-half\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "V=2265;      #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "a=92.9;      #absorption(m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T=0.16*V/a;    #reverbration time(s)\n",
-    "T2=T/2;        #reverbration time when audience fill the hall(s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"reverbration time is\",round(T,1),\"s\"\n",
-    "print \"reverbration time when audience fill the hall is\",round(T2,2),\"s\"\n",
-    "print \"reverbration time is reduced to one-half\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 14.18"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "reverbration time is 0.8 second\n",
-      "reverbration time when hall is empty is 1.6 second\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "V=12*30*6;    #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "A1=450;       #area of plastered wall(m**2)\n",
-    "a1=0.03;      #coefficient of absorption(m**2)\n",
-    "A2=360;       #area of wooden floor(m**2)\n",
-    "a2=0.06;      #coefficient of absorption(m**2)\n",
-    "A3=24;        #area of glass(m**2)\n",
-    "a3=0.25;      #coefficient of absorption(m**2)\n",
-    "A4=600;       #area of seats(m**2)\n",
-    "a4=0.3;       #coefficient of absorption(m**2)\n",
-    "A5=500;       #area of hall with audience(m**2)\n",
-    "a5=0.43;      #coefficient of absorption(m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=(A1*a1)+(A2*a2)+(A3*a3)+(A4*a4)+(A5*a5);    #total absorption(m**2)\n",
-    "Ae=A-(A5*a5);                                 #absorption when hall is empty(m**2) \n",
-    "T=0.16*V/A;   #reverbration time(second)\n",
-    "Te=0.16*V/Ae; #reverbration time when hall is empty(second)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"reverbration time is\",round(T,1),\"second\"\n",
-    "print \"reverbration time when hall is empty is\",round(Te,1),\"second\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 14.19"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "total absorption is 1000 m**2 or OWU\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "V=7500;    #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "T=1.2;     #reverbration time(second)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A=0.16*V/T;     #total absorption(OWU)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"total absorption is\",int(A),\"m**2 or OWU\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 14.19"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "change in reverbration time is 0.727 second\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "V=12*10**4;      #volume(m**3)\n",
-    "a=13200;         #absorption(m**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "T1=0.16*V/a;    #reverbration time(s)\n",
-    "T2=T1/2;         #reverbration time when audience fill the hall(s)\n",
-    "T=T1-T2;        #change in reverbration time(second)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"change in reverbration time is\",round(T,3),\"second\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1_wnjphci.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1_wnjphci.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0faa0cad..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1_wnjphci.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 1: Bonding in Solids"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 1.21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "-2*a/r**3 + 90*b/r**11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import diff\n",
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=1;\n",
-    "m=9;\n",
-    "a=Symbol('a')\n",
-    "b=Symbol('b')\n",
-    "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "y=(-a/(r**n))+(b/(r**m));\n",
-    "y=diff(y,r);\n",
-    "y=diff(y,r);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print y"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "young's modulus is 157 GPa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#since the values of a,b,r are declared as symbols in the above cell, it cannot be solved there. hence it is being solved here with the given variable declaration\n",
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=7.68*10**-29;     \n",
-    "r0=2.5*10**-10;    #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "b=a*(r0**8)/9;\n",
-    "y=((-2*a*r0**8)+(90*b))/r0**11;    \n",
-    "E=y/r0;           #young's modulus(Pa)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"young's modulus is\",int(E/10**9),\"GPa\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 1.22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "effective charge is 0.72 *10**-19 coulomb\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "dm=1.98*10**-29/3;      #dipole moment\n",
-    "l=0.92*10**-10;         #bond length(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ec=dm/l;        #effective charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"effective charge is\",round(ec*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 coulomb\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter2_MymLk0N.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter2_MymLk0N.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 51d55e0b..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter2_MymLk0N.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,319 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 2: Crystallography and Crystal Structures"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 2.21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "spacing between (100) plane is 5.64 angstrom\n",
-      "spacing between (110) plane is 3.99 angstrom\n",
-      "answer for spacing between (110) plane given in the book is wrong\n",
-      "spacing between (111) plane is 3.26 angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=5.64;      #lattice constant(angstrom)\n",
-    "h1=1;\n",
-    "k1=0;\n",
-    "l1=0;\n",
-    "h2=1;\n",
-    "k2=1;\n",
-    "l2=0;\n",
-    "h3=1;\n",
-    "k3=1;\n",
-    "l3=1;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d100=a/math.sqrt(h1**2+k1**2+l1**2);     #spacing between (100) plane\n",
-    "d110=a/math.sqrt(h2**2+k2**2+l2**2);     #spacing between (110) plane\n",
-    "d111=a/math.sqrt(h3**2+k3**2+l3**2);     #spacing between (111) plane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"spacing between (100) plane is\",d100,\"angstrom\"\n",
-    "print \"spacing between (110) plane is\",round(d110,2),\"angstrom\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for spacing between (110) plane given in the book is wrong\"\n",
-    "print \"spacing between (111) plane is\",round(d111,2),\"angstrom\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 2.22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of atoms in (100) is 1.535 *10**13 atoms/mm**2\n",
-      "number of atoms in (110) is 1.085 *10**13 atoms/mm**2\n",
-      "number of atoms in (111) is 1.772 *10**13 atoms/mm**2\n",
-      "answers given in the book vary due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "a=3.61*10**-7;        #lattice constant(mm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "A100=a**2;     #surface area(mm**2)\n",
-    "n=1+(4*(1/4));\n",
-    "N1=n/A100;      #number of atoms in (100)(per mm**2)\n",
-    "A110=math.sqrt(2)*a**2;      #surface area(mm**2)\n",
-    "N2=n/A110;      #number of atoms in (110)(per mm**2)\n",
-    "A111=math.sqrt(3)*a**2/2;    #surface area(mm**2)\n",
-    "N3=n/A111;     #number of atoms in (110)(per mm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of atoms in (100) is\",round(N1/10**13,3),\"*10**13 atoms/mm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"number of atoms in (110) is\",round(N2/10**13,3),\"*10**13 atoms/mm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"number of atoms in (111) is\",round(N3/10**13,3),\"*10**13 atoms/mm**2\"\n",
-    "print \"answers given in the book vary due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 2.23"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wavelength of x rays is 1.552 angstrom\n",
-      "answer varies due to rounding off errors\n",
-      "energy of x rays is 8 *10**3 eV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=4;      \n",
-    "A=107.87;    #atomic weight\n",
-    "rho=10500;     #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "N=6.02*10**26;    #number of molecules\n",
-    "theta=19+(12/60);   #angle(degrees)\n",
-    "h=1;\n",
-    "k=1;\n",
-    "l=1;\n",
-    "h0=6.625*10**-34;     #planck constant\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;     #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;   #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta=theta*math.pi/180;     #angle(radian)\n",
-    "a=(n*A/(N*rho))**(1/3);\n",
-    "d=a*10**10/math.sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2);      \n",
-    "lamda=2*d*math.sin(theta);     #wavelength of x rays(angstrom)\n",
-    "E=h0*c/(lamda*10**-10*e);      #energy of x rays(eV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wavelength of x rays is\",round(lamda,3),\"angstrom\"\n",
-    "print \"answer varies due to rounding off errors\"\n",
-    "print \"energy of x rays is\",int(E/10**3),\"*10**3 eV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 2.23"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "density is 2332 kg/m**3\n",
-      "answer varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=8;    #number of atoms\n",
-    "r=2.351*10**-10;     #bond length(angstrom)\n",
-    "A=28.09;                #Atomic wt. of NaCl\n",
-    "N=6.02*10**26           #Avagadro number\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=4*r/math.sqrt(3);     \n",
-    "rho=n*A/(N*a**3);     #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"density is\",int(rho),\"kg/m**3\"\n",
-    "print \"answer varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 2.24"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "radius of largest sphere is 0.1547 r\n",
-      "maximum radius of sphere is 0.414 r\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r=Symbol('r')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a1=4*r/math.sqrt(3);\n",
-    "R1=(a1/2)-r;           #radius of largest sphere\n",
-    "a2=4*r/math.sqrt(2);\n",
-    "R2=(a2/2)-r;       #maximum radius of sphere\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"radius of largest sphere is\",round(R1/r,4),\"r\"\n",
-    "print \"maximum radius of sphere is\",round(R2/r,3),\"r\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 2.25"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "percent volume change is 0.5 %\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "r1=1.258*10**-10;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "r2=1.292*10**-10;     #radius(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a_bcc=4*r1/math.sqrt(3);\n",
-    "v=a_bcc**3;\n",
-    "V1=v/2;\n",
-    "a_fcc=2*math.sqrt(2)*r2;\n",
-    "V2=a_fcc**3/4;\n",
-    "V=(V1-V2)*100/V1;           #percent volume change is\",V,\"%\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"percent volume change is\",round(V,1),\"%\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter3_rTdfw6Q.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter3_rTdfw6Q.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a9d0fcd4..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter3_rTdfw6Q.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,303 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 3: X-Ray Diffraction"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 3.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "maximum order of diffraction is 1.53\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "d=1.181;       #lattice spacing(angstrom)\n",
-    "theta=90*math.pi/180;     #glancing angle(radian)\n",
-    "lamda=1.540;    #wavelength of X-rays(angstrom)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "n=2*d*math.sin(theta)/lamda;       #maximum order of diffraction \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"maximum order of diffraction is\",round(n,2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 3.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "cube edge of unit cell is 3.514 angstrom\n",
-      "answer given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=1;     #order\n",
-    "theta=9.5*math.pi/180;     #glancing angle(radian)\n",
-    "lamda=0.58;                 #wavelength(angstrom)\n",
-    "h=2;\n",
-    "k=0;\n",
-    "l=0;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=n*lamda/(2*math.sin(theta));       #lattice parameter(angstrom)\n",
-    "a=d*math.sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2);       #cube edge of unit cell(angstrom)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"cube edge of unit cell is\",round(a,3),\"angstrom\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 3.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "glancing angle for 3rd order is 26 degrees 35 minutes\n",
-      "answer for minutes given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "theta=(8+(35/60))*math.pi/180;     #glancing angle(radian)\n",
-    "lamda=0.842;   #wavelength of X-rays(angstrom)\n",
-    "n1=1;                  #order\n",
-    "n3=3;                  #order \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "theta3=math.asin(n3*lamda*math.sin(theta)/(n1*lamda))*180/math.pi;    #glancing angle for 3rd order(degrees)\n",
-    "theta3d=int(theta3);                             #glancing angle for 3rd order(degrees)  \n",
-    "theta3m=(theta3-theta3d)*60;                     #glancing angle for 3rd order(minutes)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"glancing angle for 3rd order is\",theta3d,\"degrees\",int(theta3m),\"minutes\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for minutes given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 3.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "interplanar spacing is 2.22 angstrom\n",
-      "value of h**2+k**2+l**2 is 2\n",
-      "miller indices are (110) or (011) or (101)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "theta=20.3*math.pi/180;     #glancing angle(radian)\n",
-    "lamda=1.54;   #wavelength of X-rays(angstrom)\n",
-    "n=1;          #order\n",
-    "a=3.16;       #lattice parameter(angstrom)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=n*lamda/(2*math.sin(theta));       #interplanar spacing(angstrom)\n",
-    "x=(a/d)**2;        #assume x=(h**2+k**2+l**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"interplanar spacing is\",round(d,2),\"angstrom\"\n",
-    "print \"value of h**2+k**2+l**2 is\",int(x)\n",
-    "print \"miller indices are (110) or (011) or (101)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 3.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "wavelength is 1.553 angstrom\n",
-      "energy of X-rays is 8 *10**3 eV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "n=4;     #order\n",
-    "A=107.87;     #atomic weight(kg)\n",
-    "theta=(19+(12/60))*math.pi/180;     #glancing angle(radian)\n",
-    "h=1;\n",
-    "k=1;\n",
-    "l=1;\n",
-    "N=6.02*10**26;          #avagadro number\n",
-    "rho=10500;              #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "H=6.625*10**-34;        #plancks constant(Js)\n",
-    "c=3*10**8;              #velocity of light(m/s)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;          #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "a=round(((n*A/(N*rho))**(1/3))*10**10,2);   #lattice parameter(angstrom)\n",
-    "d=a/math.sqrt((h**2)+(k**2)+(l**2));     #lattice parameter(angstrom)\n",
-    "lamda=2*d*math.sin(theta);         #wavelength(angstrom)\n",
-    "E=H*c/(lamda*10**-10*e);                   #energy of X-rays(eV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"wavelength is\",round(lamda,3),\"angstrom\"\n",
-    "print \"energy of X-rays is\",int(round(E/10**3)),\"*10**3 eV\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 3.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "specimen distance is 7.559 cm\n",
-      "answer given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "h=1;\n",
-    "k=1;\n",
-    "l=1;\n",
-    "a=4.57;   #lattice parameter(angstrom)\n",
-    "lamda=1.52;         #wavelength(angstrom)\n",
-    "r=5;        #radius(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "d=a/math.sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2);     #lattice parameter(angstrom)\n",
-    "theta=math.asin(lamda/(2*d));      #glancing angle(degrees)\n",
-    "X=r/math.tan(2*theta);             #specimen distance(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"specimen distance is\",round(X,3),\"cm\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter4_WFPI35t.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter4_WFPI35t.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e9783bbb..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter4_WFPI35t.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Defects in Crystals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 4.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 300K is 7.577 *10**5\n",
-      "equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 900K is 6.502 *10**19\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "N=6.023*10**26;  #avagadro number\n",
-    "T1=1/float('inf');     #temperature 0K(K)\n",
-    "T2=300;\n",
-    "T3=900;         #temperature(K)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23; #boltzmann constant \n",
-    "deltaHv=120*10**3*10**3/N;    #enthalpy(J/vacancy)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#n1=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T1));    #equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 0K\n",
-    "#value of n1 cant be calculated in python, as the denominator is 0 and it shows float division error\n",
-    "n2=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T2));    #equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 300K \n",
-    "n3=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T3));    #equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 900K \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "#print \"equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 0K is\",n1\n",
-    "print \"equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 300K is\",round(n2/10**5,3),\"*10**5\"\n",
-    "print \"equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 900K is\",round(n3/10**19,3),\"*10**19\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 4.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fraction of vacancies at 1000 is 8.5 *10**-7\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "nbyN1=1*10**-10;      #fraction of vacancies\n",
-    "T1=500+273;\n",
-    "T2=1000+273;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lnx=T1*math.log(nbyN1)/T2;\n",
-    "x=math.exp(lnx);      #fraction of vacancies at 1000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fraction of vacancies at 1000 is\",round(x*10**7,1),\"*10**-7\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 4.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "concentration of schottky defects is 6.42 *10**11 per m**3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "d=2.82*10**-10;    #interionic distance(m)\n",
-    "T=300;             #temperature(K)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23;    #boltzmann constant \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;     #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "n=4;               #number of molecules\n",
-    "deltaHs=1.971*e;   #enthalpy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=(2*d)**3;        #volume of unit cell(m**3)\n",
-    "N=n/V;             #number of ion pairs\n",
-    "x=deltaHs/(2*k*T);\n",
-    "n=N*math.exp(-x);    #concentration of schottky defects(per m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"concentration of schottky defects is\",round(n*10**-11,2),\"*10**11 per m**3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 4.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "concentration of schottky defects is 9.23 *10**12 per cm**3\n",
-      "amount of climb down by the dislocations is 0.1846 step or 0.3692 *10**-8 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "N=6.026*10**23;    #avagadro number \n",
-    "T=500;             #temperature(K)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23;    #boltzmann constant \n",
-    "deltaHv=1.6*10**-19;     #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "V=5.55;            #molar volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "nv=5*10**7*10**6;  #number of vacancies\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "n=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T))/V;    #concentration of schottky defects(per m**3)\n",
-    "x=round(n/nv,4);            #amount of climb down by the dislocations(step)\n",
-    "xcm=2*x*10**-8;             #amount of climb down by the dislocations(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"concentration of schottky defects is\",round(n/10**12,2),\"*10**12 per cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"amount of climb down by the dislocations is\",x,\"step or\",xcm*10**8,\"*10**-8 cm\" "
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter5_q1gneks.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter5_q1gneks.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index be92b558..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter5_q1gneks.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 5: Elements of Statistical Mechanics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 5.32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "temperature is 1261.6 K\n",
-      "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "E=5.5;          #energy(eV)\n",
-    "Ef=5;           #fermi energy(eV)\n",
-    "p=1/100;        #probability\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;  #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23; #boltzmann constant \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=E-Ef;         #difference in energy(eV)\n",
-    "y=math.log((1/p)-1);\n",
-    "T=x*e/(k*y);    #temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"temperature is\",round(T,1),\"K\"\n",
-    "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 5.32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fermi energy is 3.15 eV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "rho=970;        #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "N=6.02*10**26;  #avagadro number\n",
-    "A=23;           #atomic weight(kg)\n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31;  #mass(kg)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;  #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "n=rho*N/A;      #number of atoms per m**3\n",
-    "EF=(h**2/(8*m))*((3*n/math.pi)**(2/3));     #fermi energy(J)\n",
-    "EF=EF/e;        #fermi energy(eV)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fermi energy is\",round(EF,2),\"eV\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter6_wKefPQQ.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter6_wKefPQQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ab8cdc23..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter6_wKefPQQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,331 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 6: Principles of Quantum Mechanics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 6.22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deBroglie wavelength is 0.66 angstrom\n",
-      "spacing between planes is 0.35 angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "V=344;         #voltage(V)\n",
-    "theta=40;      #angle(degrees)\n",
-    "n=1; \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lamda=12.26/math.sqrt(V);    #deBroglie wavelength(angstrom)\n",
-    "theta=((180-theta)/2)*math.pi/180;    #angle(radian)\n",
-    "d=n*lamda/(2*math.sin(theta));        #spacing between planes(angstrom)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deBroglie wavelength is\",round(lamda,2),\"angstrom\"\n",
-    "print \"spacing between planes is\",round(d,2),\"angstrom\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 6.22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deBroglie wavelength is 0.00286 angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;       #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "m=1.675*10**-27;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "E=10*10**3*e;        #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "h=6.625*10**-34;     #planks constant(Js)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "v=math.sqrt(2*E/m);    #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "lamda=h*10**10/(m*v);  #deBroglie wavelength(angstrom)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deBroglie wavelength is\",round(lamda,5),\"angstrom\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 6.22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "energy difference is 1.81 *10**-37 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "h=6.63*10**-34;    #planks constant(Js)\n",
-    "a=1;               #length(m)\n",
-    "nx1=1;\n",
-    "ny1=1;\n",
-    "nz1=1;\n",
-    "nx2=1;\n",
-    "ny2=1;\n",
-    "nz2=2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "E1=h**2*(nx1**2+ny1**2+nz1**2)/(8*m*a**2);     #energy of 1st quantum state(J)\n",
-    "E2=h**2*(nx2**2+ny2**2+nz2**2)/(8*m*a**2);     #energy of 2nd quantum state(J)\n",
-    "E=E2-E1;          #energy difference(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"energy difference is\",round(E*10**37,2),\"*10**-37 J\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 6.23"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "uncertainity in position of electron is 0.002 m\n",
-      "uncertainity in position of bullet is 0.4 *10**-31 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "m1=9.1*10**-31;     #mass(kg)\n",
-    "m2=0.05;            #mass(kg)\n",
-    "v=300;              #velocity(m/sec)\n",
-    "p=0.01/100;         #probability\n",
-    "h=6.6*10**-34;      #planks constant(Js)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p1=m1*v;            #momentum of electron(kg m/s)\n",
-    "deltap1=p*p1;      \n",
-    "deltax1=h/(deltap1*4*math.pi);   #uncertainity in position of electron(m)\n",
-    "p2=m2*v;            #momentum of bullet(kg m/s)\n",
-    "deltap2=p*p2;      \n",
-    "deltax2=h/(deltap2*4*math.pi);   #uncertainity in position of bullet(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"uncertainity in position of electron is\",round(deltax1,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "print \"uncertainity in position of bullet is\",round(deltax2*10**31,1),\"*10**-31 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 6.24"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "probability of finding the particle is 0.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "deltax=10**-10;     #uncertainity in position(m)\n",
-    "L=10*10**-10;       #width(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p=2*deltax/L;       #probability of finding the particle\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"probability of finding the particle is\",p"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 6, Page number 6.24"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deBroglie wavelength is 2.73 *10**-11 m\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;       #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "m=9.1*10**-31;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "E=2*10**3*e;         #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "h=6.6*10**-34;       #planks constant(Js)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p=math.sqrt(2*E*m);    #momentum(kg m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=h/p;             #deBroglie wavelength(m)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deBroglie wavelength is\",round(lamda*10**11,2),\"*10**-11 m\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 7, Page number 6.24"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 21,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "deBroglie wavelength is 1.807 angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=1.602*10**-19;       #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "m=1.676*10**-27;       #mass(kg)\n",
-    "h=6.62*10**-34;        #planks constant(Js)\n",
-    "E=0.025*e;             #kinetic energy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "mv=math.sqrt(2*E*m);    #velocity(m/s)\n",
-    "lamda=h*10**10/mv;      #deBroglie wavelength(angstrom)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"deBroglie wavelength is\",round(lamda,3),\"angstrom\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter8_D7glvQg.ipynb b/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter8_D7glvQg.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 8d27e900..00000000
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter8_D7glvQg.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,280 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 8: Semiconductor Physics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 8.19"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "number of electron hole pairs is 2.32 *10**16 per cubic metre\n",
-      "answer varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "ni1=2.5*10**19;    #number of electron hole pairs\n",
-    "T1=300;     #temperature(K)\n",
-    "Eg1=0.72*1.6*10**-19;    #energy gap(J)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23;     #boltzmann constant\n",
-    "T2=310;    #temperature(K)\n",
-    "Eg2=1.12*1.6*10**-19;    #energy gap(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x1=-Eg1/(2*k*T1);\n",
-    "y1=(T1**(3/2))*math.exp(x1);\n",
-    "x2=-Eg2/(2*k*T2);\n",
-    "y2=(T2**(3/2))*math.exp(x2);\n",
-    "ni=ni1*(y2/y1);          #number of electron hole pairs\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"number of electron hole pairs is\",round(ni/10**16,2),\"*10**16 per cubic metre\"\n",
-    "print \"answer varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 8.20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "intrinsic conductivity is 2.016 ohm-1 metre-1\n",
-      "intrinsic resistivity is 0.496 ohm metre\n",
-      "number of germanium atoms per m**3 is 4.5 *10**28\n",
-      "new value of conductivity is 1.434 *10**4 ohm-1 metre-1\n",
-      "new value of resistivity is 0.697 *10**-4 ohm metre\n",
-      "answer for new values given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "w=72.6;    #atomic weight\n",
-    "d=5400;    #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-    "Na=6.025*10**26;    #avagadro number\n",
-    "mew_e=0.4;    #mobility of electron(m**2/Vs)\n",
-    "mew_h=0.2;    #mobility of holes(m**2/Vs)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
-    "m=9.108*10**-31;    #mass(kg)\n",
-    "ni=2.1*10**19;      #number of electron hole pairs\n",
-    "Eg=0.7;    #band gap(eV)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23;    #boltzmann constant\n",
-    "h=6.625*10**-34;    #plancks constant\n",
-    "T=300;     #temperature(K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma=ni*e*(mew_e+mew_h);    #intrinsic conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)\n",
-    "rho=1/sigma;     #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
-    "n=Na*d/w;        #number of germanium atoms per m**3\n",
-    "p=n/10**5;       #boron density\n",
-    "sigman=p*e*mew_h;  #new value of conductivity(ohm-1 metre-1)\n",
-    "rhon=1/sigman;     #new value of resistivity(ohm metre)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"intrinsic conductivity is\",sigma,\"ohm-1 metre-1\"\n",
-    "print \"intrinsic resistivity is\",round(rho,3),\"ohm metre\"\n",
-    "print \"number of germanium atoms per m**3 is\",round(n/10**28,1),\"*10**28\"\n",
-    "print \"new value of conductivity is\",round(sigman/10**4,3),\"*10**4 ohm-1 metre-1\"\n",
-    "print \"new value of resistivity is\",round(rhon*10**4,3),\"*10**-4 ohm metre\"\n",
-    "print \"answer for new values given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 8.21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "charge carrier density is 2 *10**22 per m**3\n",
-      "electron mobility is 0.035 m**2/Vs\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
-    "RH=3.66*10**-4;    #hall coefficient(m**3/coulomb)\n",
-    "sigma=112;      #conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ne=3*math.pi/(8*RH*e);    #charge carrier density(per m**3)\n",
-    "mew_e=sigma/(e*ne);      #electron mobility(m**2/Vs)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"charge carrier density is\",int(ne/10**22),\"*10**22 per m**3\"\n",
-    "print \"electron mobility is\",round(mew_e,3),\"m**2/Vs\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 8.21"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "intrinsic conductivity is 0.432 *10**-3 ohm-1 m-1\n",
-      "conductivity during donor impurity is 10.4 ohm-1 m-1\n",
-      "conductivity during acceptor impurity is 4 ohm-1 m-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "mew_e=0.13;    #mobility of electron(m**2/Vs)\n",
-    "mew_h=0.05;    #mobility of holes(m**2/Vs)\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
-    "ni=1.5*10**16;      #number of electron hole pairs\n",
-    "N=5*10**28;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "sigma1=ni*e*(mew_e+mew_h);    #intrinsic conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)\n",
-    "ND=N/10**8;\n",
-    "n=ni**2/ND;\n",
-    "sigma2=ND*e*mew_e;     #conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)\n",
-    "sigma3=ND*e*mew_h;     #conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"intrinsic conductivity is\",round(sigma1*10**3,3),\"*10**-3 ohm-1 m-1\"\n",
-    "print \"conductivity during donor impurity is\",sigma2,\"ohm-1 m-1\"\n",
-    "print \"conductivity during acceptor impurity is\",int(sigma3),\"ohm-1 m-1\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 5, Page number 8.22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "conductivity is 4.97 mho m-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
-    "Eg=0.72;    #band gap(eV)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23;    #boltzmann constant\n",
-    "T1=293;     #temperature(K)\n",
-    "T2=313;     #temperature(K)\n",
-    "sigma1=2;    #conductivity(mho m-1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "x=(Eg*e/(2*k))*((1/T1)-(1/T2));\n",
-    "y=round(x/2.303,3);\n",
-    "z=round(math.log10(sigma1),3);\n",
-    "log_sigma2=y+z;\n",
-    "sigma2=10**log_sigma2;     #conductivity(mho m-1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"conductivity is\",round(sigma2,2),\"mho m-1\""
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10.ipynb
index 7943f665..ec32f67a 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10.ipynb
+++ b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10.ipynb
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -115,6 +116,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -191,6 +193,8 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

+      "\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10_pO7WExy.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10_pO7WExy.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7943f665..00000000
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10_pO7WExy.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,277 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "chapter 10.ipynb"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 10:Theory of Failures"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.10.10.1,Page No.401"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P_e=300 #N/mm**2 #Elastic Limit in tension\n",

-      "FOS=3  #Factor of safety\n",

-      "mu=0.3 #Poissoin's ratio\n",

-      "P=12*10**3 #N Pull \n",

-      "Q=6*10**3 #N #Shear force\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let d be the diameter of the shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Direct stress\n",

-      "#P_x=P*(pi*4**-1*d**3)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#P_x=48*10**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now shear stress at the centre of bolt\n",

-      "#q=4*3**-1*q_av\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#q=32*10**3*(pi*d**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal stresses are\n",

-      "#P1=P_x*2**-1+((P_x*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#p1=20371.833*(d**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#P2=P_x*2**-1-((P_x*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#P2=-5092.984*(d**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#q_max=((P_x*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Max Principal stress theory\n",

-      "#Permissible stress in Tension\n",

-      "P1=100 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "d=(20371.833*P1**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max strain theory\n",

-      "#e_max=P1*E**-1-mu*P2*E**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#e_max=21899.728*(d**2*E)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#According to this theory,the design condition is\n",

-      "#e_max=P_e*(E*FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d2=(21899.728*3*300**-1)**0.5  #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress theory\n",

-      "#e_max=shear stress at elastic*(FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d3=(12732.421*6*300**-1)**0.5 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Diameter of Bolt by:Max Principal stress theory\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                   :Max strain theory\",round(d2,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                   :Max shear stress theory\",round(d3,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Diameter of Bolt by:Max Principal stress theory 14.27 mm\n",

-        "                   :Max strain theory 14.8 mm\n",

-        "                   :Max shear stress theory 15.96 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.10.10.2.Page No.402"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "M=40*10**6 #N-mm #Bending moment\n",

-      "T=10*10**6 #N-mm #TOrque\n",

-      "mu=0.25 #Poissoin's ratio\n",

-      "P_e=200 #N/mm**2 #Stress at Elastic Limit\n",

-      "FOS=2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let d be the diameter of the shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal stresses are given by\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#P1=16*(pi*d**3)**-1*(M+(M**2+T**2)**0.5)\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#P1=4.13706*10**8*(d**3)**-1     ............................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#P2=16*(pi*d**3)**-1*(M-(M**2+T**2)**0.5)\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#P2=-6269718*(pi*d**3)**-1       ..............................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#q_max=(P1-P2)*2**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#q_max=2.09988*10**8*(d**3)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Principal stress theory\n",

-      "#P1=P_e*(FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d=(4.13706*10**8*2*200**-1)**0.33333 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress theory\n",

-      "#q_max=shear stress at elastic limit*(FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d2=(2.09988*10**8*4*200**-1)**0.33333\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max strain energy theory\n",

-      "#P_3=0\n",

-      "#P1**2+P2**2-2*mu*P1*P2=P_e**2*(FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d3=(8.62444*10**12)**0.166666\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Diameter of shaft according to:MAx Principal stress theory\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                              :Max shear stress theory\",round(d2,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                              :Max strain energy theory\",round(d3,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Diameter of shaft according to:MAx Principal stress theory 160.52 mm\n",

-        "                              :Max shear stress theory 161.33 mm\n",

-        "                              :Max strain energy theory 143.2 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.10.10.3,Page No.403"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "f_x=40 #N/mm**2 #Internal Fliud Pressure\n",

-      "d1=200 #mm #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "r1=d1*2**-1 #mm #Radius\n",

-      "q=300 #N/mm**2 #Tensile stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Lame's Equation we have,\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Hoop Stress\n",

-      "#f_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a    ..........................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Radial Pressure\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a      .........................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#the boundary conditions are\n",

-      "x=d1*2**-1 #mm \n",

-      "#After sub values in equation 1 and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#40=b*100**-1-a           ..........................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Principal stress theory\n",

-      "#q*(FOS)**-1=b*100**2+a           ..................(4)\n",

-      "#After sub values in above equation and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Equation 3 and 4 we get\n",

-      "a=80*2**-1\n",

-      "#Sub value of a in equation 3 we get\n",

-      "b=(f_x+a)*100**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At outer edge where x=r_0 pressure is zero\n",

-      "r_0=(b*a**-1)**0.5 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#thickness\n",

-      "t=r_0-r1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress theory\n",

-      "P1=b*(100**2)**-1+a #Max hoop stress\n",

-      "P2=-40 #pressure at int radius (since P2 is compressive)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max=(P1-P2)*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#According max shear theory the design condition is\n",

-      "#q_max=P_e*2**-1*(FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After sub values in equation we get and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#80=b*(100**2)**-1+a\n",

-      "#After sub values in equation 1 and 3 and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "b2=120*100**2*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#from equation(3)\n",

-      "a2=120*2**-1-a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At outer radius r_0,radial pressure=0\n",

-      "r_02=(b2*a2**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#thickness\n",

-      "t2=r_02-r1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Thickness of metal by:Max Principal stress theory\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                     :Max shear stress thoery\",round(t2,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Thickness of metal by:Max Principal stress theory 41.42 mm\n",

-        "                     :Max shear stress thoery 73.21 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10_wu72Zbx.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10_wu72Zbx.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index ec32f67a..00000000
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10_wu72Zbx.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,281 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "chapter 10.ipynb"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 10:Theory of Failures"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.10.10.1,Page No.401"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P_e=300 #N/mm**2 #Elastic Limit in tension\n",

-      "FOS=3  #Factor of safety\n",

-      "mu=0.3 #Poissoin's ratio\n",

-      "P=12*10**3 #N Pull \n",

-      "Q=6*10**3 #N #Shear force\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let d be the diameter of the shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Direct stress\n",

-      "#P_x=P*(pi*4**-1*d**3)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#P_x=48*10**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now shear stress at the centre of bolt\n",

-      "#q=4*3**-1*q_av\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#q=32*10**3*(pi*d**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal stresses are\n",

-      "#P1=P_x*2**-1+((P_x*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#p1=20371.833*(d**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#P2=P_x*2**-1-((P_x*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#P2=-5092.984*(d**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#q_max=((P_x*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Max Principal stress theory\n",

-      "#Permissible stress in Tension\n",

-      "P1=100 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "d=(20371.833*P1**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max strain theory\n",

-      "#e_max=P1*E**-1-mu*P2*E**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#e_max=21899.728*(d**2*E)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#According to this theory,the design condition is\n",

-      "#e_max=P_e*(E*FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d2=(21899.728*3*300**-1)**0.5  #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress theory\n",

-      "#e_max=shear stress at elastic*(FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d3=(12732.421*6*300**-1)**0.5 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Diameter of Bolt by:Max Principal stress theory\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                   :Max strain theory\",round(d2,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                   :Max shear stress theory\",round(d3,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Diameter of Bolt by:Max Principal stress theory 14.27 mm\n",

-        "                   :Max strain theory 14.8 mm\n",

-        "                   :Max shear stress theory 15.96 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.10.10.2.Page No.402"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "M=40*10**6 #N-mm #Bending moment\n",

-      "T=10*10**6 #N-mm #TOrque\n",

-      "mu=0.25 #Poissoin's ratio\n",

-      "P_e=200 #N/mm**2 #Stress at Elastic Limit\n",

-      "FOS=2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let d be the diameter of the shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal stresses are given by\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#P1=16*(pi*d**3)**-1*(M+(M**2+T**2)**0.5)\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#P1=4.13706*10**8*(d**3)**-1     ............................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#P2=16*(pi*d**3)**-1*(M-(M**2+T**2)**0.5)\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#P2=-6269718*(pi*d**3)**-1       ..............................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#q_max=(P1-P2)*2**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#q_max=2.09988*10**8*(d**3)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Principal stress theory\n",

-      "#P1=P_e*(FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d=(4.13706*10**8*2*200**-1)**0.33333 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress theory\n",

-      "#q_max=shear stress at elastic limit*(FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d2=(2.09988*10**8*4*200**-1)**0.33333\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max strain energy theory\n",

-      "#P_3=0\n",

-      "#P1**2+P2**2-2*mu*P1*P2=P_e**2*(FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d3=(8.62444*10**12)**0.166666\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Diameter of shaft according to:MAx Principal stress theory\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                              :Max shear stress theory\",round(d2,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                              :Max strain energy theory\",round(d3,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Diameter of shaft according to:MAx Principal stress theory 160.52 mm\n",

-        "                              :Max shear stress theory 161.33 mm\n",

-        "                              :Max strain energy theory 143.2 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.10.10.3,Page No.403"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "f_x=40 #N/mm**2 #Internal Fliud Pressure\n",

-      "d1=200 #mm #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "r1=d1*2**-1 #mm #Radius\n",

-      "q=300 #N/mm**2 #Tensile stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Lame's Equation we have,\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Hoop Stress\n",

-      "#f_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a    ..........................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Radial Pressure\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a      .........................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#the boundary conditions are\n",

-      "x=d1*2**-1 #mm \n",

-      "#After sub values in equation 1 and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#40=b*100**-1-a           ..........................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Principal stress theory\n",

-      "#q*(FOS)**-1=b*100**2+a           ..................(4)\n",

-      "#After sub values in above equation and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Equation 3 and 4 we get\n",

-      "a=80*2**-1\n",

-      "#Sub value of a in equation 3 we get\n",

-      "b=(f_x+a)*100**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At outer edge where x=r_0 pressure is zero\n",

-      "r_0=(b*a**-1)**0.5 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#thickness\n",

-      "t=r_0-r1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress theory\n",

-      "P1=b*(100**2)**-1+a #Max hoop stress\n",

-      "P2=-40 #pressure at int radius (since P2 is compressive)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max=(P1-P2)*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#According max shear theory the design condition is\n",

-      "#q_max=P_e*2**-1*(FOS)**-1\n",

-      "#After sub values in equation we get and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#80=b*(100**2)**-1+a\n",

-      "#After sub values in equation 1 and 3 and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "b2=120*100**2*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#from equation(3)\n",

-      "a2=120*2**-1-a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At outer radius r_0,radial pressure=0\n",

-      "r_02=(b2*a2**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#thickness\n",

-      "t2=r_02-r1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Thickness of metal by:Max Principal stress theory\",round(t,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                     :Max shear stress thoery\",round(t2,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Thickness of metal by:Max Principal stress theory 41.42 mm\n",

-        "                     :Max shear stress thoery 73.21 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_2.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_2.ipynb
index efb0de99..1e3b556e 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_2.ipynb
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "P=45*10**3 #N #Load\n",

@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 47

+     "prompt_number": 1

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -75,6 +76,8 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

+      "\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "      \n",

@@ -104,7 +107,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 48

+     "prompt_number": 2

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -119,6 +122,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -153,7 +157,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 49

+     "prompt_number": 3

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -168,6 +172,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -220,7 +225,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 50

+     "prompt_number": 4

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -235,6 +240,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "%matplotlib  inline\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

@@ -298,7 +304,7 @@
        "output_type": "display_data",

        "png": 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        "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56428b0>"

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x4f0f390>"

        ]

       },

       {

@@ -312,7 +318,7 @@
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+     "prompt_number": 5

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -327,6 +333,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -357,7 +364,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 52

+     "prompt_number": 6

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -372,6 +379,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -409,7 +417,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 53

+     "prompt_number": 7

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -424,6 +432,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -458,7 +467,7 @@
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-     "prompt_number": 54

+     "prompt_number": 8

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -473,6 +482,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -508,7 +518,7 @@
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-     "prompt_number": 55

+     "prompt_number": 9

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -523,6 +533,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -561,7 +572,7 @@
        ]

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      ],

-     "prompt_number": 56

+     "prompt_number": 10

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -576,6 +587,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -636,7 +648,7 @@
        ]

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-     "prompt_number": 57

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     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -651,6 +663,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -738,7 +751,7 @@
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@@ -753,6 +766,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "     \n",

@@ -816,7 +830,7 @@
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-     "prompt_number": 59

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     },

     {

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@@ -831,6 +845,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -896,7 +911,7 @@
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     },

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@@ -911,6 +926,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -974,7 +990,7 @@
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+     "prompt_number": 15

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -989,6 +1005,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1043,7 +1060,7 @@
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-     "prompt_number": 62

+     "prompt_number": 16

     },

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      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1058,6 +1075,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1111,7 +1129,7 @@
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-     "prompt_number": 63

+     "prompt_number": 17

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1126,6 +1144,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1175,7 +1194,7 @@
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-     "prompt_number": 64

+     "prompt_number": 18

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1190,6 +1209,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1258,7 +1278,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 65

+     "prompt_number": 19

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1273,6 +1293,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1321,7 +1342,7 @@
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      ],

-     "prompt_number": 66

+     "prompt_number": 20

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1336,6 +1357,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1388,7 +1410,7 @@
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       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 67

+     "prompt_number": 21

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1403,6 +1425,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1442,7 +1465,7 @@
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-     "prompt_number": 68

+     "prompt_number": 22

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1457,6 +1480,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1505,7 +1529,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 69

+     "prompt_number": 23

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1520,6 +1544,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1568,7 +1593,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 70

+     "prompt_number": 24

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1583,6 +1608,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1619,7 +1645,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 71

+     "prompt_number": 25

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1634,6 +1660,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1695,7 +1722,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 72

+     "prompt_number": 26

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1710,6 +1737,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1766,7 +1794,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 73

+     "prompt_number": 27

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1781,6 +1809,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1864,7 +1893,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 74

+     "prompt_number": 28

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1879,6 +1908,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1926,7 +1956,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 75

+     "prompt_number": 29

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1941,6 +1971,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1989,7 +2020,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 76

+     "prompt_number": 30

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -2004,6 +2035,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -2053,7 +2085,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 77

+     "prompt_number": 31

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -2068,6 +2100,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -2114,7 +2147,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 78

+     "prompt_number": 32

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -2129,6 +2162,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -2161,7 +2195,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 79

+     "prompt_number": 33

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -2176,6 +2210,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -2207,7 +2242,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 80

+     "prompt_number": 34

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -2222,6 +2257,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -2320,7 +2356,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 81

+     "prompt_number": 35

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -2335,6 +2371,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -2376,7 +2413,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 82

+     "prompt_number": 36

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -2391,6 +2428,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -2467,7 +2505,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 83

+     "prompt_number": 37

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -2482,6 +2520,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables  \n",

       "\n",

@@ -2526,7 +2565,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 84

+     "prompt_number": 38

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -2541,6 +2580,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -2594,7 +2634,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 85

+     "prompt_number": 39

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -2609,6 +2649,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -2654,7 +2695,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 86

+     "prompt_number": 41

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -2669,6 +2710,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "dell=0.25 #mm #Instantaneous Extension\n",

       "\n",

@@ -2742,7 +2784,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 87

+     "prompt_number": 42

     }

    ],

    "metadata": {}

diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_2_m94Pi70.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_2_m94Pi70.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1e3b556e..00000000
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_2_m94Pi70.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2793 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "chapter 2.ipynb"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 2:Simple Stresses And Strains"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.1,Page No.14"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "P=45*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "E=200*10**3 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of elasticity of rod\n",

-      "L=500 #mm #Length of rod\n",

-      "d=20 #mm #Diameter of rod\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A=pi*d**2*4**-1 #mm**2 #Area of circular rod\n",

-      "p=P*A**-1 #N/mm**2 #stress\n",

-      "e=p*E**-1 #strain \n",

-      "dell_l=(P*L)*(A*E)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The stress in bar due to Load is\",round(p,5),\"N/mm\"\n",

-      "print\"The strain in bar due to Load is\",round(e,5),\"N/mm\"\n",

-      "print\"The Elongation in bar due to Load is\",round(dell_l,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The stress in bar due to Load is 143.23945 N/mm\n",

-        "The strain in bar due to Load is 0.00072 N/mm\n",

-        "The Elongation in bar due to Load is 0.36 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.2,Page No.15"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "      \n",

-      "A=15*0.75 #mm**2 #area of steel tape\n",

-      "P=100 #N #Force apllied\n",

-      "L=30*10**3 #mm #Length of tape\n",

-      "E=200*10**3 #N/m**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of steel tape\n",

-      "AB=150 #m #Measurement of Line AB \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "dell_l=P*L*(A*E)**-1 #mm #Elongation\n",

-      "l=L+dell_l*10**-3 #mm #Actual Length \n",

-      "AB1=AB*l*L**-1 #m Actual Length of AB\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Actual Length of Line AB is\",round(AB1,2),\"m\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Actual Length of Line AB is 150.0 m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.3,Page No.15"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let y be the yield stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "y=250 #N/mm**2 #yield stress\n",

-      "FOS=1.75 #Factor of safety\n",

-      "P=140*10**3 #N #compressive Load\n",

-      "D=101.6 #mm #External diameter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "p=y*(FOS)**-1 #N/mm**2 #Permissible stress\n",

-      "A=P*p**-1 #mm**2 #Area of hollow tube\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let d be the internal diameter of tube\n",

-      "d=-((A*4*(pi)**-1)-D**2)\n",

-      "X=d**0.5\n",

-      "t=(D-X)*2**-1 #mm #Thickness of steel tube\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"The thickness of steel tube is\",round(t,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The thickness of steel tube is 3.17 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.4,Page No.16"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=25 #mm #diameter of steel\n",

-      "d2=18 #mm #Diameter at neck\n",

-      "L=200 #mm #length of stee\n",

-      "P=80*10**3 #KN #Load  \n",

-      "P1=160*10**3 #N #Load at Elastic Limit\n",

-      "P2=180*10**3 #N #Max Load\n",

-      "L1=56 #mm #Total Extension\n",

-      "dell_l=0.16 #mm #Extension\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A=pi*d**2*4**-1 #Area of steel #mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "p=P1*A**-1 #Stress at Elastic Limit #N/mm**2\n",

-      "Y=P*L*(A*dell_l)**-1 #Modulus of elasticity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let % elongation be x\n",

-      "x=L1*L**-1*100 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Percentage reduction in area\n",

-      "#Let % A be a\n",

-      "a=((pi*4**-1*d**2)-(pi*4**-1*d2**2))*(pi*4**-1*d**2)**-1*100\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Ultimate tensile stress\n",

-      "sigma=P2*A**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"Stress at Elastic limit is\",round(p,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Young's Modulus is\",round(Y,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Percentage Elongation is\",round(a,2)\n",

-      "print\"Percentage reduction in area is\",round(P2,2)\n",

-      "print\"Ultimate tensile stress\",round(sigma,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stress at Elastic limit is 325.95 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Young's Modulus is 203718.33 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Percentage Elongation is 48.16\n",

-        "Percentage reduction in area is 180000.0\n",

-        "Ultimate tensile stress 366.69 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.5,Page No.16"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=20 #mm #Diameter of bar\n",

-      "d2=14.7 #mm #Diameter at neck   \n",

-      "L=200 #mm #guage Length \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,10,20,30,40,50,60]\n",

-      "Y1=[0,32,64,95,127,160,190]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Extension in divisions\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Load in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A=pi*4**-1*d**2 #mm**2 #Area of Bar\n",

-      "A2=pi*4**-1*d2**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=45 #KN #Load obtained from graph\n",

-      "dell=0.143 #mm #Divisions\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "E=P*L*(dell*A)**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "BL=93*10**3 #N #Breaking Load\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Nominal stress at Breaking point\n",

-      "sigma=BL*A**-1 #KN/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#True stress at breaking Point\n",

-      "sigma1=BL*A2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Percentage Elongation \n",

-      "dell_l=(A-A2)*A**-1*100\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Value of ELongation is\",round(E,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"The Nominal stress at the Breaking Point\",round(sigma,2),\"KN/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"The True stress at the Breaking Point\",round(sigma1,2),\"KN/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"The Percentage Reduction in Area is\",round(dell_l,2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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gwAFOnDjBRx99xNatWys876vr+8tf/kKzZs2Ii4vDVHG/iq+u7bL09HT279/P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\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x4f0f390>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Value of ELongation is 200.33 N/mm**2\n",

-        "The Nominal stress at the Breaking Point 296.03 KN/mm**2\n",

-        "The True stress at the Breaking Point 547.97 KN/mm**2\n",

-        "The Percentage Reduction in Area is 45.98\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.6,Page No.19"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=40*10**3 #N #Load   \n",

-      "L1=160 #mm #Length of Bar1\n",

-      "L2=240 #mm #Length of bar2\n",

-      "L3=160 #mm #Length of bar3\n",

-      "d1=25 #mm #Diameter of Bar1\n",

-      "d2=20 #mm #diameter of bar2\n",

-      "d3=25 #mm #diameter of bar3\n",

-      "dell_l=0.285 #mm #Total Extension of bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "E=P*4*(dell_l*pi)**-1*(L1*(d1**2)**-1+L2*(d2**2)**-1+L3*(d3**2)**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Young's Modulus of the material\",round(E,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Young's Modulus of the material 198714.72 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.7,Page No.19"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "E1=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #modulus of Elasticity of material1\n",

-      "E2=1*10**5 #N/mm**2 #modulus of Elasticity of material2\n",

-      "P=25*10**3 #N #Load \n",

-      "t=20 #mm #thickness of material\n",

-      "b1=40 #mm #width of material1\n",

-      "b2=30 #mm #width of material2\n",

-      "L1=500 #mm #Length of material1\n",

-      "L2=750 #mm #Length of material2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A1=b1*t #mm**2 #Area of materila1\n",

-      "A2=b2*t #mm**2 #Area of material2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "dell_l1=P*L1*(A1*E1)**-1 #Extension of Portion1\n",

-      "dell_l2=P*L2*(A2*E2)**-1 #Extension of portion2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Total Extension of Bar is\n",

-      "dell_l=dell_l1+dell_l2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Total Extension of the Bar is\",round(dell_l,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Total Extension of the Bar is 0.39 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.8,Page No.20"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=1000 #mm #Length of Bar\n",

-      "l=400 #mm #Length upto which bire is drilled \n",

-      "D=30 #mm #diameter of bar\n",

-      "d1=10 #mm #diameter of bore\n",

-      "P=25*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "dell_l=0.185 #mm #Extension of bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations    \n",

-      "\n",

-      "L1=L-l #Length of bar above the bore\n",

-      "L2=400 #mm #Length of bore\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A1=pi*4**-1*D**2 #Area of bar\n",

-      "A2=pi*4**-1*(D**2-d1**2) #Area of bore\n",

-      "\n",

-      "E=P*dell_l**-1*(L1*A1**-1+L2*A2**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Modulus of ELasticity is\",round(E,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Modulus of ELasticity is 200735.96 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.11,Page No.23"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "t=10 #mm #Thickness of steel\n",

-      "b1=60 #mm #width of plate1\n",

-      "b2=40 #mm #width of plate2\n",

-      "P=60*10**3 #Load\n",

-      "L=600 #mm #Length of plate\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension of taperong bar of rectangular section\n",

-      "dell_l=P*L*(t*E*(b1-b2))**-1*log(b1*b2**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A_av=(b1*t+b2*t)*2**-1 #Average Area #mm**2\n",

-      "dell_l2=P*L*(A_av*E)**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#PErcentage Error\n",

-      "e=(dell_l-dell_l2)*(dell_l)**-1*100\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Percentage Error is\",round(e,2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Percentage Error is 1.35\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.12,Page No.23"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=1.5 #m #Length of steel bar\n",

-      "L1=1000 #m0 #Length of steel bar 1\n",

-      "L2=500 #m #Length of steel bar 2   \n",

-      "d1=40 #Diameter of steel bar 1\n",

-      "d2=20 #diameter of steel bar 2\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "P=160*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A1=pi*4**-1*d1**2 #Area of Portion 1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension of uniform Portion 1\n",

-      "dell_l1=P*L1*(A1*E)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension of uniform Portion 2\n",

-      "dell_l2=4*P*L2*(pi*d1*d2*E)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Total Extension of Bar\n",

-      "dell_l=dell_l1+dell_l2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Elongation of the Bar is\",round(dell_l,2),\"mm\" "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Elongation of the Bar is 1.27 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.14,Page No.25"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Portion AB\n",

-      "L_AB=600 #mm #Length of AB\n",

-      "A_AB=40*40 #mm**2 #Cross-section Area of AB\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Portion BC\n",

-      "L_BC=800 #mm #Length of BC\n",

-      "A_BC=30*30 #mm #Length of BC\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Portion CD\n",

-      "L_CD=1000 #mm #Length of CD\n",

-      "A_CD=20*20 #mm #Area of CD\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P1=80*10**3 #N #Load1\n",

-      "P2=60*10**3 #N #Load2\n",

-      "P3=40*10**3 #N #Load3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P4=P1-P2+P3 #Load4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Force in AB\n",

-      "F_AB=P1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Force in BC\n",

-      "F_BC=P1-P2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Force in CD\n",

-      "F_CD=P4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension of AB\n",

-      "dell_l_AB=F_AB*L_AB*(A_AB*E)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension of BC\n",

-      "dell_l_BC=F_BC*L_BC*(A_BC*E)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension of CD\n",

-      "dell_l_CD=F_CD*L_CD*(A_CD*E)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Total Extension\n",

-      "dell_l=dell_l_AB+dell_l_BC+dell_l_CD\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Total Extension in Bar is\",round(dell_l,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Total Extension in Bar is 0.99 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.15,Page No.26"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=800 #mm #Length of bar\n",

-      "F1=30*10**3 #N #Force acting on the bar\n",

-      "F2=60*10**3 #N #force acting on the bar\n",

-      "L=800 #mm #Length of bar\n",

-      "d=25 #mm #diameter of bar \n",

-      "L_AC=275 #mm #Length of AC\n",

-      "L_CD=150 #mm #Length of CD\n",

-      "L_DB=375 #mm #Length of DB\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #Pa #Modulus of elasticity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P be the Reaction on tne Bar from support at A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shortening of Portion AC\n",

-      "#dell_l_AC1=P*L_AC*(A*E)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shortening of Portion CD\n",

-      "#dell_l_CD1=(30+P)*L_CD*(A*E)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension of Portion DB\n",

-      "#dell_l_DB1=(30-P)*L_DB*(A*E)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Total Extensions=1*(A*E)**-1*(P*L_AC-(30+P)*L_CD+(30-P)*L_DB)\n",

-      "#As Supports are unyielding,Total Extensions=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#After substituting values in above equation and Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "P=(30*375-150*30)*800**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Reaction of support A\n",

-      "R_A=P\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Reaction of support B\n",

-      "R_B=30-P\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Cross-sectional Area\n",

-      "A=pi*4**-1*d**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in Portion AC\n",

-      "sigma1=P*10**3*A**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in Portion CD\n",

-      "sigma2=(30+P)*10**3*A**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in Portion DB\n",

-      "sigma3=(30-P)*10**3*A**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shortening of Portion AC\n",

-      "dell_l_AC2=P*10**3*L_AC*(A*E)**-1 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shortening of Portion CD\n",

-      "dell_l_CD2=(30+P)*10**3*L_CD*(A*E)**-1 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension of Portion DB\n",

-      "dell_l_DB2=(30-P)*10**3*L_DB*(A*E)**-1 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"The Reactios at two Ends are:R_A\",round(R_A,2),\"KN\"\n",

-      "print\"                            :R_B\",round(R_B,2),\"KN\"\n",

-      "print\"Stress in Portion AC\",round(sigma1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Stress in Portion CD\",round(sigma2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Stress in Portion DB\",round(sigma3,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Shortening of Portion AC\",round(dell_l_AC2,3),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Shortening of Portion CD\",round(dell_l_CD2,3),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Shortening of Portion DB\",round(dell_l_DB2,3),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Reactios at two Ends are:R_A 8.44 KN\n",

-        "                            :R_B 21.56 KN\n",

-        "Stress in Portion AC 17.19 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Stress in Portion CD 78.3 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Stress in Portion DB 43.93 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Shortening of Portion AC 0.024 mm\n",

-        "Shortening of Portion CD 0.059 mm\n",

-        "Shortening of Portion DB 0.082 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.19,Page No.29"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "     \n",

-      "h=4 #m #height of Pillars\n",

-      "P=20 #KN #Load at M\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_A,P_B,P_C,P_D be the forces introduced  in the Pillars\n",

-      "#Sun of All Vertical Forces\n",

-      "#P_A+P_B+P_C+P_D=20  ....................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sum of moment about AB, we get\n",

-      "#P_D+P_C=12   ....................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sum of Moment about AD\n",

-      "#P_C+P_B=8    ....................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let dell_l_A,dell_l_B,dell_l-C,dell_l_D be the deformations of Pillars A,B,C,D respectively\n",

-      "#Diagonals AC and BD will remain straight Lines even after the Load is applied.\n",

-      "#Deflection of central Point is given by (dell_l_A+dell_l_C)*2**-1 & (dell_l_B+dell_l_D)*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#dell_l_A+dell_l_C=dell_l_B+ell_l_D\n",

-      "#P_A*L*(A*E)**-1+P_C*L*(A*E)**-1=P_B*L*(A*E)**-1+P_D*L*(A*E)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Since Pillars are identical in Length,cross-sectional area,material Property\n",

-      "#P_A+P_C=P_B+P_D      ..............(4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Equations 1 and 4 we get\n",

-      "#P_B+P_D=10      ....................(5)\n",

-      "  \n",

-      "#Substracting Equation 3 from Equation 2 we get\n",

-      "#P_D-P_B=4     ....................(6)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Adding Equation 5 and 6 we get\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P_D=14*2**-1\n",

-      "P_C=12-P_D\n",

-      "P_B=8-P_C\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now substituting values of P_B,P_C,P_D in equation1 we get\n",

-      "P_A=20-(P_B+P_C+P_D)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Forces Developed in the Pillars are:P_A\",round(P_A,2),\"KN\"\n",

-      "print\"                                       :P_B\",round(P_B,2),\"KN\"\n",

-      "print\"                                       :P_C\",round(P_C,2),\"KN\"\n",

-      "print\"                                       :P_D\",round(P_D,2),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Forces Developed in the Pillars are:P_A 5.0 KN\n",

-        "                                       :P_B 3.0 KN\n",

-        "                                       :P_C 5.0 KN\n",

-        "                                       :P_D 7.0 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.20,Page No.31"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "sigma=150 #N/mm**2 #Stress\n",

-      "P=40*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#LEt P_A.P_B,P_C,P_D be the forces developed in wires A,B,C,D respectively\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let sum of all Vertical Forces=0\n",

-      "#P_A+P_B+P_C+P_D=40   ..........................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let x be the distance between each wires\n",

-      "#sum of all moments=0\n",

-      "#P_B*x+P_C*2*x+P_D*3*x=40*2*x\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#P_B+2*P_C+3*P_D=80     ..........................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#As the equations of statics ae not enough to find unknowns,Consider compatibilit Equations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let dell_l be the increse in elongation of wire\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#dell_l_B=dell_l_A+dell_l\n",

-      "#dell_l_C=dell_l_A+2*dell_l\n",

-      "#dell_l_D=dell_l_A+3*dell_l\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P1 be the force required for the Elongation of wires,then\n",

-      "#P_B=P_A+P1    ]\n",

-      "#P_C=P_A+2*P1  ]\n",

-      "#P_D=P_A+3*P1  ]     ................................(3)  \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#from Equation (3) and (1) we get\n",

-      "#2*P_A+3*P1=20      ................................(4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#from Equation (3) and (2) we get\n",

-      "#6*P_A+14*P1=80 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#subtracting 3 times equation (4) from (3) we get\n",

-      "P1=20*5**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#from Equation 4 we get\n",

-      "P_A=(80-14*P1)*6**-1\n",

-      "P_B=P_A+P1\n",

-      "P_C=P_A+2*P1    \n",

-      "P_D=P_A+3*P1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let d be the diameter required,then\n",

-      "d=(P_D*10**3*4*(pi*150)**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"The Required Diameter is\",round(d,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Required Diameter is 11.65 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.21,Page No.32"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=20*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "d=6 #mm #diameter of wire\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "L_BO=4000 #mm #Length of BO\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let theta be the angle between OA and OB and also between OC and OB\n",

-      "theta=30\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_OA,P_OB,P_OC be the Forces introduced in wires OA,OB,OC respectively\n",

-      "#Due to symmetry P_OA=P_OC   (same angles)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sum of all Vertical Forces=0\n",

-      "#P_OA*cos(theta)+P_OB+P_OC*cos(theta)=P\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#After further simplifyinf we get\n",

-      "#2*P_OA*cos(theta)+P_OB=20  ...............(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let oo1 be the extension of BO\n",

-      "#oo1=L_A1o1*(cos(theta))**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From relation we get\n",

-      "#P_OB*L_BO=P_OA*L_AO*(cos(theta))**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#But L_AO=L_BO*(cos(theta))**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#After substituting value of L_AO in above equation we get\n",

-      "#P_OB=0.75*P_OA    .......................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#substituting in Equation 1 we get\n",

-      "#2*P_OA*cos(theta)+0.75*P_OA=20\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P_OA=20*(2*cos(theta*pi*180**-1)+0.75)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P_OB=0.75*P_OA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A=pi*4**-1*d**2   \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Vertical displacement of Load\n",

-      "dell_l_BO=P_OB*10**3*L_BO*(A*E)**-1\n",

-      "                    \n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Forces in each wire is:P_OA\",round(P_OA,2),\"KN\"\n",

-      "print\"                      :P_OB\",round(P_OB,2),\"KN\"\n",

-      "print\"Vertical displacement of Loadis\",round(dell_l_BO,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Forces in each wire is:P_OA 8.06 KN\n",

-        "                      :P_OB 6.04 KN\n",

-        "Vertical displacement of Loadis 4.27 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.22,Page No.34"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_s=L_a=L=500 #mm #Length of bar\n",

-      "A_a=50*20 #mm #Area of aluminium strip\n",

-      "A_s=50*15 #mm #Area of steel strip\n",

-      "P=50*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "E_a=1*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of aluminium \n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of steel\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_a and P_s br the Load shared by aluminium and steel strip\n",

-      "#P_a+P_s=P     ..................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#For compatibility condition,dell_l_a=dell_l_s\n",

-      "#P_a*L_a*(A_a*E_a)**-1=P_s*L_s*(A_s*E_s)**-1    .....(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#As L_a=L_s we get\n",

-      "#P_s=1.5*P_a   .................(3)\n",

-      "   \n",

-      "#From Equation 1 and 2 we get\n",

-      "P_a=P*2.5**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Substituting in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "P_s=P-P_a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#stress in aluminium strip \n",

-      "sigma_a=P_a*A_a**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#stress in steel strip\n",

-      "sigma_s=P_s*A_s**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now from the relation we get\n",

-      "dell_l_a=dell_l_s=P_s*L_s*(A_s*E_s)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"Stress in  Aluminium strip is\",round(sigma_a,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Stress in  steel strip is\",round(sigma_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"The Extension of the bar is\",round(dell_l_s,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stress in  Aluminium strip is 20.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Stress in  steel strip is 40.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "The Extension of the bar is 0.1 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 16

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.23,Page No.35"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D_s=20 #mm #Diameter of steel\n",

-      "D_Ci=20 #mm #Internal Diameter of Copper\n",

-      "t=5 #mm #THickness of copper bar\n",

-      "P=100*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #modulus of elasticity of steel\n",

-      "E_c=1.2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of Copper\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A_s=pi*4**-1*D_s**2 #mm**2 #Area of steel\n",

-      "D_Ce=D_s+2*t #mm #External Diameterof Copper Tube\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A_c=pi*4**-1*(D_Ce**2-D_Ci**2) #mm**2 #Area of Copper\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From static Equilibrium condition\n",

-      "#Let P_s and P_c be the Load shared by steel and copper in KN\n",

-      "#P_s+P_c=100 ....................................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From compatibility Equation,dell_l_s=dell_l_c\n",

-      "#P_s*L*(A_s*E_s)**-1=P_c*L*(A_c*E_c)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Substituting values in above Equation we get\n",

-      "#P_s=1.3333*P_C \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Substituting value of P_s in Equation (1),we get\n",

-      "P_c=100*2.3333**-1 #KN\n",

-      "P_s=100-P_c #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in steel\n",

-      "sigma_s=P_s*10**3*A_s**-1 #N/mm**2   \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in copper\n",

-      "sigma_c=P_c*10**3*A_c**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stresses Developed in Two material are:sigma_s\",round(sigma_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                      :sigma_c\",round(sigma_c,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stresses Developed in Two material are:sigma_s 181.89 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                      :sigma_c 109.14 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.24,Page No.36"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A_C=230*400 #mm #Area of column\n",

-      "D_s=12 #mm #Diameter of steel Bar\n",

-      "P=600*10**3 #N #Axial compression\n",

-      "#E_s*E_c=18.67\n",

-      "n=8 #number of steel Bars\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations  \n",

-      "\n",

-      "A_s=pi*4**-1*D_s**2*n #Area of steel #mm**2 \n",

-      "A_c=A_C-A_s #mm**2 #Area of concrete\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From static Equilibrium condition\n",

-      "#P_s+P_c=600   .........(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now from compatibility Equation dell_l_s=dell_l_c we get,\n",

-      "#P_s*L*(A_s*E_s)**-1=P_c*L*(A_c*E_c)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Substituting values in above Equation we get\n",

-      "#P_s=0.1854*P_c\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Substituting value of P_s in Equation (1),we get\n",

-      "P_c=600*1.1854**-1\n",

-      "P_s=600-P_c\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in steel\n",

-      "sigma_s=P_s*10**3*A_s**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in copper\n",

-      "sigma_c=P_c*10**3*A_c**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stresses Developed in Two material are:sigma_s\",round(sigma_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                      :sigma_c\",round(sigma_c,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stresses Developed in Two material are:sigma_s 103.72 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                      :sigma_c 5.56 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 18

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.25,Page No.36"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=200*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "A_a=1000 #mm**2 #Area of Aluminium\n",

-      "A_s=800 #mm**2 #Area of steel\n",

-      "E_a=1*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of Aluminium\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of ELasticity of steel\n",

-      "sigma_a1=65 #N/mm**2 #stress in aluminium\n",

-      "sigma_s1=150 #N/mm**2 #Stress in steel\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations   \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_a and P_s be the force in aluminium and steel pillar respectively\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now,sum of forces in Vertical direction we get\n",

-      "#2*P_a+P_s=200  .........................................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#By compatibility Equation dell_l_s=dell_l_a we get\n",

-      "#P_s=1.28*P_a  ..........................................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now substituting value of P_s in Equation 1 we get\n",

-      "P_a=200*3.28**-1 #KN\n",

-      "P_s=200-2*P_a   #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress developed in aluminium\n",

-      "sigma_a=P_a*10**3*A_a**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress developed in steel\n",

-      "sigma_s=P_s*10**3*A_s**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Part-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let sigma_a1 and sigma_s1 be the stresses in Aluminium and steel due to Additional LOad\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P_a1=sigma_a1*A_a #Load carrying capacity of aluminium\n",

-      "P_s1=1.28*P_a1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Total Load carrying capacity \n",

-      "P1=2*P_a1+P_s1 #N \n",

-      "\n",

-      "P_s2=sigma_s1*A_s #Load carrying capacity of steel\n",

-      "P_a2=P_s2*1.28**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Total Load carrying capacity\n",

-      "P2=2*P_a2+P_s2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Additional Load\n",

-      "P3=P1-P\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stresses Developed in Each Pillar is:sigma_a\",round(sigma_a,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                    :sigma_s\",round(sigma_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Additional Load taken by pillars is\",round(P3,2),\"N\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stresses Developed in Each Pillar is:sigma_a 60.98 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                    :sigma_s 97.56 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Additional Load taken by pillars is 13200.0 N\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.26,Page No.37"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=500 #mm #Length of assembly\n",

-      "D=16 #mm #Diameter of steel bolt\n",

-      "Di=20 #mm #internal Diameter of copper tube\n",

-      "Do=30 #mm #External Diameter of copper tube\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of steel\n",

-      "E_c=1.2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of copper\n",

-      "p=2 #mm #Pitch of nut\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_s be the Force in bolt and P_c be the FOrce in copper tube\n",

-      "#P_s=-P_s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "dell=1*4**-1*2 #Quarter turn of nut total movement\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#dell=dell_s+dell_c\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "#Area of steel\n",

-      "A_s=pi*4**-1*D**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area of copper\n",

-      "A_c=pi*4**-1*(Do**2-Di**2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#dell=P*L*(A_s*E_s)**-1+P*L*(A_c*E_c)**-1\n",

-      "P=dell*(1*(A_s*E_s)**-1+1*(A_c*E_c)**-1)**-1*L**-1 #LOad\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P_s=P*A_s**-1\n",

-      "P_c=P*A_c**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"stress introduced in bolt is\",round(P_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"stress introduced in tube is\",round(P_c,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "stress introduced in bolt is 107.91 N/mm**2\n",

-        "stress introduced in tube is 55.25 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 20

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.27,Page No.39"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=20 #mm #Diameter of Bolts\n",

-      "Di=25 #m #internal Diameter\n",

-      "t=10 #mm #Thickness of bolt\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "E_c=1.2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of copper\n",

-      "p=3 #mm #Pitch\n",

-      "theta=30 #degree\n",

-      "L_c=500 #Lengh of copper \n",

-      "L_s=600 #Length of steel\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_s be the Force in each bolt and P_c be the FOrce in copper tube\n",

-      "#From Static Equilibrium condition\n",

-      "#P_c=2*P_s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#As nut moves by 60 degree.If nut moves by 360 degree its Longitudinal movement is by 3 mm\n",

-      "dell=theta*360**-1*p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Compatibility Equaton we get\n",

-      "#dell=dell_c+dell_s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A_s=pi*4**-1*Di**2 #mm**2 #Area of steel\n",

-      "A_c=pi*4**-1*(45**2-Di**2) #mm**2 #Area of copper\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Force introduced in steel\n",

-      "P_s=0.5*(2*L_c*(A_c*E_c)**-1+L_s*(A_s*E_s)**-1)**-1 #N\n",

-      "P_s2=P_s*A_s**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Force introduced in copper     \n",

-      "P_c=2*P_s*A_c**-1 #N\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stress introduced in bolt is\",round(P_s2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"stress introduced in tube is\",round(P_c,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stress introduced in bolt is 74.4 N/mm**2\n",

-        "stress introduced in tube is 66.43 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 21

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.28,Page No.40"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=9 #m #Length of rigid bar\n",

-      "L_b=3000 #Length of bar\n",

-      "A_b=1000 #mm**2 #Area of bar\n",

-      "E_b=1*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of brasss bar\n",

-      "L_s=5000 #mm #Length of steel bar\n",

-      "A_s=445 #mm**2 #Area of steel bar\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of elasticity of steel bar\n",

-      "P=3000 #N #Load\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From static equilibrium Equation of the rod after appliying Load is\n",

-      "#P_b+P_s=P   ......................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#P_b=1.8727*P_s ..................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#NOw substituting equation 2 in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "P_s=P*2.8727**-1\n",

-      "P_b=P-P_s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=P_s*L*P**-1  \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Distance at which Load applied even after which bar remains horizontal is\",round(d,2),\"m\" "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Distance at which Load applied even after which bar remains horizontal is 3.13 m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 22

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.29,Page No.41"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A_b=1000 #MM**2 #Area of brass bar\n",

-      "E_b=1*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of brass\n",

-      "A_s=600 #N/mm**2 #Area of steel rod\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of eLasticity of steel bar\n",

-      "P=10*10**2 #N #Load\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_b be the tensile force in brass bar and P_s be the compressive force in steel bar\n",

-      "#Now taking moment about A we get static Equilibrium condition as\n",

-      "#P_b+2*P_s=27500 ......................................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now from deformed shape  we get\n",

-      "#dell_s=2*dell_b\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#P_s*L_s*(A_s*E_s)**-1=P_b*L_b*(A_b*E_b)**-1\n",

-      "#Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#P_s=1.2*P_b   .........................................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now substituting equation 1 in equation 2 we get\n",

-      "P_b=27500*3.4**-1\n",

-      "P_s=1.2*P_b     \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Tensile stress in brass bar \n",

-      "sigma_b=P_b*A_b**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#compressive stress in steel bar\n",

-      "sigma_s=P_s*A_s**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Compressive Stress in Bar is\",round(sigma_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"tensile Stress in Bar is\",round(sigma_b,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Compressive Stress in Bar is 16.18 N/mm**2\n",

-        "tensile Stress in Bar is 8.09 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 23

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.30,Page No.44"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=12.6 #m #Length of rail\n",

-      "t1=24 #Degree celsius\n",

-      "t2=44 #degree celsius\n",

-      "alpha=12*10**-6 #Per degree celsius\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of ELasticity\n",

-      "gamma=2 #mm #Gap provided for Expansion\n",

-      "sigma=20 #N/mm**2 #Stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations     \n",

-      "\n",

-      "t=t2-t1 #Temperature Difference\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Free Expansion of the rails\n",

-      "dell=alpha*t*L*1000 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#When no expansion joint is provided then\n",

-      "p=dell*E*(L*10**3)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#When a gap of 2 mm is provided,then free expansion prevented is\n",

-      "dell_1=dell-gamma\n",

-      "p2=dell_1*E*(L*10**3)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#When stress is developed,then gap left is\n",

-      "gamma2=-(sigma*L*10**3*E**-1-dell)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The minimum gap between the two rails is\",round(dell,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Thermal Developed in the rials if:No expansionn joint is provided:p\",round(p,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                 :If a gap of is provided then   :p2\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"When stress is developed gap left between the rails is\",round(gamma2,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The minimum gap between the two rails is 3.02 mm\n",

-        "Thermal Developed in the rials if:No expansionn joint is provided:p 48.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                 :If a gap of is provided then   :p2 16.25 N/mm**2\n",

-        "When stress is developed gap left between the rails is 1.76 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 24

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.31,Page No.45"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "t=20 #degree celsius\n",

-      "E_a=70*10**9 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticicty of aluminium\n",

-      "alpha_a=11*10**-6 #per degree celsius #Temperature coeff of aluminium\n",

-      "alpha_s=12*10**-6 #Per degree celsius #Temperature coeff of steel\n",

-      "L_a=1000 #mm #Length of aluminium \n",

-      "L_s=3000 #mm #Length of steel\n",

-      "E_a=7*10**4 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of aluminium\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm*2 #Modulus of Elasticity of steel\n",

-      "A_a=600 #mm**2 #Area of aluminium\n",

-      "A_s=300 #mm**2 #Area of steel\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Free Expansion \n",

-      "dell=alpha_a*t*L_a+alpha_s*t*L_s\n",

-      "  \n",

-      "#support Reaction\n",

-      "P=dell*(L_a*(A_a*E_a)**-1+L_s*(A_s*E_s)**-1)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Reaction at support is\",round(P,2),\"N\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Reaction at support is 12735.48 N\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 25

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.33,Page No.48"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=25 #mm #Diameter of Brass\n",

-      "De=50 #mm #External Diameter of steel tube\n",

-      "Di=25 #mm #Internal Diameter of steel tube\n",

-      "L=1.5 #m #Length of both bars\n",

-      "t1=30 #degree celsius #Initial Temperature\n",

-      "t2=100 #degree celsius #final Temperature\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of ELasticity of steel bar\n",

-      "E_b=1*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of brass bar\n",

-      "alpha_s=11.6*10**-6 #Temperature Coeff of steel\n",

-      "alpha_b=18.7*10**-6 #Temperature coeff of brass bar\n",

-      "d=20 #mm #diameter of pins\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "t=t2-t1 #Temperature Difference\n",

-      "A_s=pi*4**-1*(De**2-Di**2) #mm**2 #Area of steel\n",

-      "A_b=pi*4**-1*D**2 #mm**2 #Area of brass\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_b be the tensile force in brass bar and P_s be the compressive force in steel bar\n",

-      "#But from Equilibrium of Forces \n",

-      "#P_b=P_s=P\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let dell=dell_s+dell_b\n",

-      "dell=(alpha_b-alpha_s)*t*L*1000\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=dell*(1*(A_s*E_s)**-1+1*(A_b*E_b)**-1)**-1*(L*1000)**-1\n",

-      "P_b=P_s=P\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in steel\n",

-      "sigma_s=P_s*A_s**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in Brass\n",

-      "sigma_b=P_b*A_b**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area of Pins\n",

-      "A_p=pi*4**-1*d**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Since,the force is resisted by two cross section of pins\n",

-      "tou=P*(2*A_p)**-1\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stress in steel bar is\",round(sigma_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Stress in Brass bar is\",round(sigma_b,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Shear Stresss induced in pins is\",round(tou,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stress in steel bar is 14.2 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Stress in Brass bar is 42.6 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Shear Stresss induced in pins is 33.28 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 26

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.34,Page No.49"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "b_s=60 #mm #width of steel Bar\n",

-      "t_s=10 #mm #thickness of steel Bar\n",

-      "b_c=40 #mm #width of copper bar\n",

-      "t_c=5  #mm #thickness of copper bar\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of steel bar\n",

-      "E_c=1*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of copper bar\n",

-      "alpha_s=12*10**-6 #Per degree celsius #Temperature coeff of steel bar\n",

-      "alpha_c=17*10**-6 #Per degree celsius #Temperature coeff of copper bar\n",

-      "L_s=L_c=L=1000 #mm #Length of bar\n",

-      "t=80 #degree celsius\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A_s=b_s*t_s #Area of steel bar\n",

-      "A_c=b_c*t_c #Area of copper bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_s be the tensile force in steel bar and P_c be the compressive force in copper bar\n",

-      "#The equilibrium of forces gives \n",

-      "#P_s=2*P_c\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let dell=dell_s+dell_b\n",

-      "dell=(alpha_c-alpha_s)*t\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P_c=dell*(2*(A_s*E_s)**-1+1*(A_c*E_c)**-1)**-1\n",

-      "P_s=2*P_c\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in copper \n",

-      "sigma_c=P_c*A_c**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in steel   \n",

-      "sigma_s=P_s*A_s**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Change  in Length of bar\n",

-      "dell_2=alpha_s*t*L+P_s*L_s*(A_s*E_s)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"Stress in copper is\",round(sigma_c,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Stress in steel is\",round(sigma_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"the change in Length is\",round(dell_2,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stress in copper is 30.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Stress in steel is 20.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "the change in Length is 1.06 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 27

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.35,Page No.50"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=2*10**5 #N #Weight\n",

-      "L=1 #m #Length of each rod\n",

-      "A_c=A_s=A=500 #mm**2 #Area of each rod\n",

-      "t=40 #degree celsius #temperature\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of steel rod\n",

-      "E_c=1*10**5 #N/mm**2 #modulus of Elastictiy  of copper rod\n",

-      "alpha_s=1.2*10**-5 #Per degree Celsius #temp coeff of steel rod\n",

-      "alpha_c=1.8*10**-5 #Per degree Celsius #Temp coeff of copper rod\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_s be the force in each one of the copper rods and P_s be the force in steel rod\n",

-      "#2*P_c+P_s=P   .....................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension of copper bar=Extension of steel bar\n",

-      "#P_s*L*(A_s*E_s)**-1=P_c*L*(A_c*E_c)**-1\n",

-      "#after simplifying above equation we get\n",

-      "#P_s=2*P_c      ........................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now substituting value of P_s in Equation 1 we get\n",

-      "P_c=P*4**-1\n",

-      "P_s=2*P_c\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now EXtension due to copper Load\n",

-      "dell_1=P_c*L*1000*(A_c*E_c)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Part-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Due to rise of temperature of40 degree celsius\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#As bars are rigidly joined,let P_c1 be the compressive forccesdeveloped in copper bar and P_s1 be the tensile force in steel causing changes\n",

-      "#P_s1=2*P_c1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#dell_s+dell_c=(alpha_c-alpha_s)*t*L      .......................................(3)\n",

-      "#P_s1*L*(A_s*E_s)**-1+P_c1*L*(A_c*E_c)**-1=(alpha_c-alpha_s)*t*L   ................(4)\n",

-      "#After substituting values in above equation and further simplifying we get,\n",

-      "P_c1=(alpha_c-alpha_s)*t*L*(2*(A_s*E_s)**-1+1*(A_c*E_c)**-1)**-1  #.................(5)\n",

-      "P_s1=2*P_c1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension of bar due to temperature rise\n",

-      "dell_2=alpha_s*t*L+P_s1*L*(A_s*E_s)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Amount by which bar will descend\n",

-      "dell_3=dell_1+dell_2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Load carried by steel bar\n",

-      "P_S=P_s+P_s1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Load carried by copper bar\n",

-      "P_C=P_c-P_c1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Part-3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_c1_1=P_c                 #For convenience\n",

-      "#Rise in temperature if Load is to be carried out by steel rod alone\n",

-      "P_c1_1=P_c\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From equation 5 \n",

-      "t=P_c1_1*(2*(A_s*E_s)**-1+1*(A_c*E_c)**-1)*(alpha_c-alpha_s)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"Extension Due top copper Load\",round(dell_1,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Load carried by each rod:P_s\",round(P_s,2),\"N\"\n",

-      "print\"                        :P_c\",round(P_c,2),\"N\"\n",

-      "print\"Rise in Temperature of steel rod should be\",round(t,2),\"degree Celsius\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Extension Due top copper Load 1.0 mm\n",

-        "Load carried by each rod:P_s 100000.0 N\n",

-        "                        :P_c 50000.0 N\n",

-        "Rise in Temperature of steel rod should be 333.33 degree Celsius\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 28

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.36,Page No.53"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "t=40 #degree celsius #temperature\n",

-      "A_s=400 #mm**2 #Area of steel bar\n",

-      "A_c=600 #mm**2 #Area of copper bar\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of steel bar\n",

-      "E_c=1*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of copper bar\n",

-      "alpha_s=12*10**-6 #degree celsius #Temperature coeff of steel bar\n",

-      "alpha_c=18*10**-6 #degree celsius #Temperature coeff of copper bar\n",

-      "L_c=800 #mm #Length of copper bar\n",

-      "L_s=600 #mm #Length of steel bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_s be the tensile force in steel bar and P_c be the compressive force in copper bar\n",

-      "#Static Equilibrium obtained by taking moment about A\n",

-      "#P_c=2*P_s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From property of similar triangles we get\n",

-      "#(alpha_c*Lc-dell_c)*1**-1=(alpha_s*L_s-dell_s)*2**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values in above equations and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "P_s=(2*alpha_c*L_c-alpha_s*L_s)*t*(L_s*(A_s*E_s)**-1+4*L_c*(A_c*E_c)**-1)**-1\n",

-      "P_c=2*P_s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in steel rod\n",

-      "sigma_s=P_s*A_s**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in copper rod\n",

-      "sigma_c=P_c*A_c**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stress in steel rod is\",round(sigma_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"STress in copper rod is\",round(sigma_c,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stress in steel rod is 35.51 N/mm**2\n",

-        "STress in copper rod is 47.34 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 29

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.37,Page No.61"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=20 #mm #Diameter of bar\n",

-      "P=37.7*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "L=200 #mm #Guage Length \n",

-      "dell=0.12 #mm #Extension\n",

-      "dell_d=0.0036 #mm #contraction in diameter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area of bar\n",

-      "A=pi*4**-1*d**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let s and dell_s be the Linear strain and Lateral strain\n",

-      "s=dell*L**-1\n",

-      "dell_s=dell_d*d**-1\n",

-      "mu=dell_s*s**-1 #Poissoin's ratio \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#dell=P*L*(A*E)**-1\n",

-      "E=P*L*(dell*A)**-1 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity of bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Modulus of Rigidity\n",

-      "G=E*(2*(1+mu))**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bulk Modulus \n",

-      "K=E*(3*(1-2*mu))**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"Poisson's ratio is\",round(mu,2)\n",

-      "print\"The Elastic constant are:E\",round(E,2)\n",

-      "print\"                        :G\",round(G,2)\n",

-      "print\"                        :K\",round(K,2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Poisson's ratio is 0.3\n",

-        "The Elastic constant are:E 200004.71\n",

-        "                        :G 76924.89\n",

-        "                        :K 166670.59\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 30

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.38,Page No.62"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=100 #mm #Diameter of circular rod\n",

-      "P=1*10**6 #N #Tensile Force\n",

-      "mu=0.3 #Poisson's ratio\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Young's Modulus \n",

-      "L=500 #mm #Length of rod\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Modulus of Rigidity\n",

-      "G=E*(2*(1+mu))**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bulk Modulus \n",

-      "K=E*(3*(1-2*mu))**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A=pi*4**-1*d**2 #mm**2 #Area of Circular rod\n",

-      "#Let sigma be the Longitudinal stress\n",

-      "sigma=P*A**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "s=sigma*E**-1 #Linear strain\n",

-      "e_x=s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Volumetric strain\n",

-      "e_v=e_x*(1-2*mu)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "v=pi*4**-1*d**2*L\n",

-      "#Change in VOlume\n",

-      "dell_v=e_v*v\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Bulk Modulus  is\",round(E,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Modulus of Rigidity is\",round(G,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"The change in Volume is\",round(dell_v,2),\"mm**3\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Bulk Modulus  is 200000.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Modulus of Rigidity is 76923.08 N/mm**2\n",

-        "The change in Volume is 1000.0 mm**3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 31

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.39,Page No.62"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=500 #mm #Length of rectangular cross section bar\n",

-      "A=20*40 #mm**2 #Area of rectangular cross section bar\n",

-      "P1=4*10**4 #N #Tensile Force on 20mm*40mm Faces\n",

-      "P2=2*10**5 #N #compressive force on 20mm*500mm Faces\n",

-      "P3=3*10**5 #N #Tensile Force on 40mm*500mm Faces\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #young's Modulus \n",

-      "mu=0.3 #Poisson's Ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P_x,P_y,P_z be the forces n x,y,z directions\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P_x=P1*A**-1\n",

-      "P_y=P2*A**-1\n",

-      "P_z=P3*A**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let e_x,e_y,e_z be the strains in x,y,z directions\n",

-      "e_x=1*E**-1*(50+mu*20-15*mu)\n",

-      "e_y=1*E**-1*(-mu*50-20-mu*15)\n",

-      "e_z=1*E**-1*(-mu*50+mu*20+15)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Volumetric strain\n",

-      "e_v=e_x+e_y+e_z\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Volume\n",

-      "V=20*40*500 #mm**3\n",

-      "#Change in Volume \n",

-      "dell_v=e_v*V #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The change in Volume is\",round(dell_v,2),\"mm**3\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The change in Volume is 36.0 mm**3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 32

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.41,Page No.65"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "E=2.1*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Young's Modulus \n",

-      "G=0.78*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Rigidity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now using the relation\n",

-      "#E=2*G*(1+mu)\n",

-      "mu=E*(2*G)**-1-1 #Poisson's ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bulk Modulus \n",

-      "K=E*(3*(1-2*mu))**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Poisson's Ratio is\",round(mu,2)\n",

-      "print\"The modulus of Rigidity\",round(K,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Poisson's Ratio is 0.35\n",

-        "The modulus of Rigidity 227500.0 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 33

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.42,Page No.65"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "G=0.4*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of rigidity\n",

-      "K=0.75*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Bulk Modulus \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Young's Modulus\n",

-      "E=9*G*K*(3*K+G)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now from the relation\n",

-      "#E=2*G(1+2*mu)\n",

-      "mu=E*(2*G)**-1-1 #POissoin's ratio \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"Young's modulus is\",round(E,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Poissoin's ratio is\",round(mu,2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Young's modulus is 101886.79 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Poissoin's ratio is 0.27\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 34

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.43,Page No.65"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "b=60 #mm #width of bar\n",

-      "d=30 #mm #depth of bar\n",

-      "L=200 #mm #Length of bar\n",

-      "A=30*60 #mm**2 #Area of bar\n",

-      "A2=30*200 #mm**2 #Area of bar along which expansion is restrained\n",

-      "P=180*10**3 #N #Compressive force\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Young's Modulus\n",

-      "mu=0.3 #Poissoin's ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#The bar is restrained from expanding in Y direction\n",

-      "P_z=0\n",

-      "P_x=P*A**-1 #stress developed in x direction\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now taking compressive strain as positive\n",

-      "#e_x=P_x*E**-1-mu*P_y*E**-1      .......................(1)\n",

-      "#e_y=-mu*P_x*E**-1+P_y*E**-1       ....................(2)\n",

-      "#e_z=-mu*P_x*E**-1-mu*P_y*E**-1  ......................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Part-1\n",

-      "#When it is fully restrained\n",

-      "e_y=0\n",

-      "P_y=30 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "e_x=P_x*E**-1-mu*P_y*E**-1\n",

-      "e_z=-mu*P_x*E**-1-mu*P_y*E**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Change in Length \n",

-      "dell_l=e_x*L #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Change in width\n",

-      "dell_b=b*e_y\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#change in Depth\n",

-      "dell_d=d*e_z\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Volume of bar\n",

-      "V=b*d*L #mm**3\n",

-      "#Change in Volume\n",

-      "e_v=(e_x+e_y+e_z)*V #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Part-2\n",

-      "#When 50% is restrained\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Free strain in Y direction\n",

-      "e_y1=mu*P_x*E**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#As 50% is restrained,so\n",

-      "e_y2=-50*100**-1*e_y1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#But form Equation 2 we have e_y=-mu*P_x*E**-1+P_y*E**-1 \n",

-      "#After substituting values in above equation and furthe simplifying we get\n",

-      "P_y=e_y2*E+d\n",

-      "\n",

-      "e_x2=P_x*E**-1-mu*P_y*E**-1 \n",

-      "e_z2=-mu*P_x*E**-1-mu*P_y*E**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Change in Length \n",

-      "dell_l2=e_x2*L #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Change in width\n",

-      "dell_b2=b*e_y2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#change in Depth\n",

-      "dell_d2=d*e_z2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Change in Volume\n",

-      "e_v2=(e_x2+e_y2+e_z2)*V #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#REsult\n",

-      "print\"Change in Dimension of bar is:dell_l\",round(dell_l,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                             :dell_b\",round(dell_b,4),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                             :dell_d\",round(dell_d,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Change in Volume is\",round(e_v,2),\"mm**3\"\n",

-      "print\"Changes in material when only 50% of expansion can be reatrained:dell_l2\",round(dell_l2,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                                                                :dell_b2\",round(dell_b2,4),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                                                                :dell_d2\",round(dell_d2,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Change in Dimension of bar is:dell_l 0.09 mm\n",

-        "                             :dell_b 0.0 mm\n",

-        "                             :dell_d -0.01 mm\n",

-        "Change in Volume is 93.6 mm**3\n",

-        "Changes in material when only 50% of expansion can be reatrained:dell_l2 0.1 mm\n",

-        "                                                                :dell_b2 -0.0045 mm\n",

-        "                                                                :dell_d2 -0.01 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 35

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.44,Page No.72"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=10*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Young's Modulus\n",

-      "d2=12 #mm #Diameter of bar1\n",

-      "d1=16 #mm #diameter of bar2\n",

-      "L1=200 #mm #Length of bar1\n",

-      "L2=500 #mm #Length of bar2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let A1 and A2 be the cross Area of Bar1 & bar2 respectively\n",

-      "A1=pi*4**-1*d1**2 #mm**2\n",

-      "A2=pi*4**-1*d2**2 #mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let p1 and p2 be the stress in Bar1 nad bar2 respectively\n",

-      "p1=P*A1**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p2=P*A2**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let V1 nad V2 be the Volume of of Bar1 and Bar2\n",

-      "V1=A1*(L1+L1)\n",

-      "V2=A2*L2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let E be the strain Energy stored in the bar\n",

-      "E=p1**2*(2*E)**-1*V1+p2**2*V2*(2*E)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"The Strain Energy stored in Bar is\",round(E,2),\"N-mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Strain Energy stored in Bar is 1602.6 N-mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 36

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.45,Page No.73"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bar-A\n",

-      "d1=30 #mm #Diameter of bar1\n",

-      "L=600 #mm #length of bar1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bar-B\n",

-      "d2=30 #mm #Diameter of bar2\n",

-      "d3=20 #mm #Diameter of bar2\n",

-      "L2=600 #mm #length of bar2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area of bar-A\n",

-      "A1=pi*4**-1*d1**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area of bar-B\n",

-      "A2=pi*4**-1*d2**2\n",

-      "A3=pi*4**-1*d3**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#let SE be the Strain Energy\n",

-      "#Strain Energy stored in Bar-A\n",

-      "#SE=p**2*(2*E)**-1*V\n",

-      "#After substituting values and simolifying further we get\n",

-      "#SE=P**2*E**-1*0.4244\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Strain Energy stored in Bar-B\n",

-      "#SE2=p1**2*V1*(2*E)**-1+p2**2*V2*(2*E)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and simolifying further we get\n",

-      "#SE2=0.6897*P**2*E**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let X be the ratio of SE in Bar-B and SE in Bar-A\n",

-      "X=0.6897*0.4244**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Part-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#When Max stress is produced is same:Let p be the max stress produced\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in bar A is p throughout \n",

-      "#In bar B:stress in 20mm dia.portion=p2=p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in 30 mm dia.portion\n",

-      "#p1=P*A2*A3**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and simolifying further we get\n",

-      "#p1=4*9**-1*p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Strain Energy in bar A\n",

-      "#SE_1=p**2*(2*E)**-1*A1*L1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and simolifying further we get\n",

-      "#SE_1=67500*p**2*pi*E**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Strain Energy in bar B\n",

-      "#SE_2=p1**2*V1*(2*E)**-1+p2**2*V2*(2*E)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and simolifying further we get\n",

-      "#SE_2=21666.67*pi*p**2*E**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let Y be the Ratio of SE in bar B and SE in bar A\n",

-      "Y=21666.67*67500**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"Gradually applied Load is\",round(X,2)\n",

-      "print\"Gradually applied Load is\",round(Y,2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Gradually applied Load is 1.63\n",

-        "Gradually applied Load is 0.32\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 37

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.46,Page No.74"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables  \n",

-      "\n",

-      "W=100 #N #Load\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Young's Modulus \n",

-      "h=60 #mm #Height through Load falls down\n",

-      "L=400 #mm #Length of collar\n",

-      "d=30 #mm #diameter of bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A=pi*4**-1*d**2 #mm**2 #Area of bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Instantaneous stress produced is\n",

-      "p=W*A**-1*(1+(1+(2*A*E*h*(W*L)**-1))**0.5)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now the EXtension of the bar is neglected in calculating work doneby the Load,then\n",

-      "P=(2*E*h*W*(A*L)**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let percentage error be denoted by E1\n",

-      "#Percentage error in approximating is\n",

-      "E1=(p-P)*p**-1*100\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Instantaneous Extension produced is\n",

-      "dell_l=round(P,3)*E**-1*L\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Instantaneous stress is\",round(p,2),\"N/mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Percentage Error is\",round(E1,2)\n",

-      "print\"The Instantaneous extension is\",round(dell_l,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Instantaneous stress is 92.27 N/mm\n",

-        "Percentage Error is 0.15\n",

-        "The Instantaneous extension is 0.18 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 38

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.47,Page No.75"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=20 #mm #Diameter of steel bar\n",

-      "L=1000 #mm #Length of bar\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Young's Modulus \n",

-      "p=300 #N/mm**2 #max Permissible stress\n",

-      "h=50 #mm #Height through which weight will fall\n",

-      "w=600 #N #Load\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#ARea of steel bar\n",

-      "A=pi*4**-1*d**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Instantaneous extension is\n",

-      "dell_l=p*L*E**-1 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Work done by Load \n",

-      "#W=W1*(h+dell_l)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Volume of bar\n",

-      "V=round(A,2)*L\n",

-      "#Let E1 be the strain Energy\n",

-      "E1=p**2*(2*E)**-1*V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Answer in Book for Strain Energy is Incorrect \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Equating Workdone by Load to strain Energy \n",

-      "W1=E1*51.5**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now when w=600 N\n",

-      "#Let W2 be the Work done by the Load\n",

-      "#W2=w(h2*dell_l)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "h=E1*w**-1-dell_l\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Max Lodad which can Fall from a height of 50 mm on the collar is\",round(W1,2),\"N\"\n",

-      "print\"the Max Height from which a 600 N Load can fall on the collar is\",round(h,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Max Lodad which can Fall from a height of 50 mm on the collar is 1372.54 N\n",

-        "the Max Height from which a 600 N Load can fall on the collar is 116.31 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 39

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.48,Page No.76"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D_s=30 #mm #Diameter of steel rod\n",

-      "d=30 #mm #Internal Diameter of copper tube\n",

-      "D=40#mm #External Diameter of copper tube\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Young's Modulus of Steel rod\n",

-      "E_c=1*10**5#N/mm**2 #Young's Modulus of copper tube\n",

-      "P=100 #N #Load\n",

-      "h=40 #mm #height from which Load falls\n",

-      "L=800 #mm #Length \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area of steel rod\n",

-      "A_s=pi*4**-1*D_s**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area of copper tube\n",

-      "A_c=pi*4**-1*(D**2-d**2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#But Dell_s=dell_c=dell\n",

-      "#p_s*E_s**-1*L=p_c*L*E_c\n",

-      "#After simplifying furthe we get\n",

-      "#p_s=2*p_c\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Equating internal Energy to Workdone we get\n",

-      "p_c=(2*P*h*L**-1*(4*A_s*E_s**-1+A_c*E_c**-1))**0.5\n",

-      "p_s=2*p_c\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"STress produced in steel is\",round(p_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"STress produced in copper is\",round(p_c,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "STress produced in steel is 0.89 N/mm**2\n",

-        "STress produced in copper is 0.44 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 41

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 2.2.49,Page No.77"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "dell=0.25 #mm #Instantaneous Extension\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bar-A\n",

-      "b1=25 #mm #width of bar\n",

-      "D1=500 #mm #Depth of bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bar-B\n",

-      "b2_1=25 #mm #width of upper bar\n",

-      "b2_2=15 #mm #Width of Lower Bar\n",

-      "L2=200 #mm #Length  of upper bar\n",

-      "L1=300 #mm #Length of Lower bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Young's Modulus of bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Strain\n",

-      "e=dell*D1**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Load\n",

-      "p=e*E\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area of bar-A\n",

-      "A=pi*4**-1*25**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Volume of bar-A\n",

-      "V=A*D1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let E1 be the Energy of Blow\n",

-      "#Energy of Blow\n",

-      "E1=p**2*(E)**-1*V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let p2 be the Max stress in bar B When this blow is applied.\n",

-      "#the max stress occurs in the 15mm dia. portion,Hence, the stress in 25 mm dia.portion is\n",

-      "#p2*pi*4**-1*b2_2**2*(pi*4**-1*b2_2**2=0.36*p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Strain Energy of bar B\n",

-      "#E2=p**2*(2*E)**-1*v1+1*(2*E)**-1*(0.36*p2)**2*v2\n",

-      "#After substituting values and Further substituting values we get\n",

-      "#E2=0.1643445*p2**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Equating it to Energy of applied blow,we get\n",

-      "p2=(12271.846*0.1643445**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in top portion\n",

-      "sigma=0.36*p2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension in Bar-1\n",

-      "dell_1=p2*E**-1*L1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension in Bar-2\n",

-      "dell_2=0.36*p2*E**-1*L2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extension of bar\n",

-      "dell_3=dell_1+dell_2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Instantaneous Max stress is\",round(sigma,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"extension in Bar is\",round(dell_3,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Instantaneous Max stress is 98.37 N/mm**2\n",

-        "extension in Bar is 0.51 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 42

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_3_xv1zQ8m.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_3_xv1zQ8m.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 43679bce..00000000
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_3_xv1zQ8m.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1588 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "chapter 3.ipynb"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 3:Shear Force And Bending Moment Diagrams in Statically Determinate Beams"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.1,Page No.100"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_AC=L_CD=1 #m #Length of AC & CD\n",

-      "L_DB=1.5 #m #Lengh of DB\n",

-      "L=3.5 #m #Length of Beam\n",

-      "F_B=10 #KN #Force at pt B\n",

-      "F_C=F_D=20 #KN #Force at pt C & D\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "R_A=F_C+F_D+F_B #KN #Force at support A \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At pt B\n",

-      "V_B1=0  #KN \n",

-      "V_B2=F_B #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At pt D\n",

-      "V_D1=V_B2 #KN\n",

-      "V_D2=V_D1+F_D #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At pt C \n",

-      "V_C1=V_D2 #KN\n",

-      "V_C2=V_D2+F_C #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At Pt A\n",

-      "V_A1=V_C2 #KN\n",

-      "V_A2=V_C2-R_A #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt B\n",

-      "M_B=0 #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M AT Pt D\n",

-      "M_D=F_B*L_DB #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At pt C\n",

-      "M_C=F_B*(L_DB+L_CD)+F_D*L_CD #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At pt A\n",

-      "M_A=F_B*L+F_D*(L_CD+L_AC)+F_C*L_AC\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,0,L_DB,L_DB,L_CD+L_DB,L_CD+L_DB,L_CD+L_DB+L_AC,L_CD+L_DB+L_AC]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_B1,V_B2,V_D1,V_D2,V_C1,V_C2,V_A1,V_A2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Y2=[M_B,M_D,M_C,M_A]\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_DB,L_DB+L_CD,L_AC+L_CD+L_DB]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x579c810>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56c0970>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.2,Page No.101"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "w1=10 #KN/m #u.d.L\n",

-      "F_D=20 #KN #Force at pt D\n",

-      "F_C=30 #KN #Force at pt C\n",

-      "L_DB=4 #m #Length of DB\n",

-      "L_CD=L_AC=2 #m #Length of AC & CD\n",

-      "L=8 #m #Length of Beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let R_A And R_B be the Reactions at pt A and B \n",

-      "#R_A+R_B=90 \n",

-      "#Now Taking moment at A,M_A we get\n",

-      "R_A=(w1*L_DB*(L_DB*2**-1)+F_D*L_DB+F_C*(L_CD+L_DB))*L**-1\n",

-      "R_B=90-R_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At Pt B\n",

-      "V_B1=0 #KN\n",

-      "V_B2=R_B #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At pt D\n",

-      "V_D1=R_B-w1*L_DB #KN\n",

-      "V_D2=V_D1-F_D #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F at Pt C\n",

-      "V_C1=V_D2 #KN\n",

-      "V_C2=V_C1-F_C  \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F at PT A\n",

-      "V_A1=V_C2 #KN\n",

-      "V_A2=V_C2+R_A #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt B\n",

-      "M_B=0 #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt D\n",

-      "M_D=-R_B*L_DB+w1*L_DB*L_DB*2**-1 #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At PT C\n",

-      "M_C=-R_B*(L_DB+L_CD)+w1*L_DB*(L_DB*2**-1+L_CD)+F_D*L_CD #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt A\n",

-      "M_A=-R_B*L+w1*L_DB*(L_DB*2**-1+L_CD+L_AC)+F_D*(L_CD+L_AC)+F_C*L_AC\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,0,L_DB,L_DB,L_CD+L_DB,L_CD+L_DB,L_CD+L_DB+L_AC,L_CD+L_DB+L_AC]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_B1,V_B2,V_D1,V_D2,V_C1,V_C2,V_A1,V_A2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Y2=[M_B,M_D,M_C,M_A]\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_DB,L_DB+L_CD,L_AC+L_CD+L_DB]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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Pni0aGhr0vo4HrxERkcSmlo+IiMi8WApERCRhKRARkYSlQEREEpYCERFJWApE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\nICIiCUuBiIgk/w9P4ODmR+1IBgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5773dd0>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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Gt27dTE9mRiwY9ovtQ+zHlSuAv780HCkgQO00tkGRgnHr1i2kp6ejpKQEdXV1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\nx6hRo1BfX48XX3wRgYGBasd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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x4e5e2f0>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.3,Page No.102"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_DB=L_CD=1.5 #m #Length of DB & CD\n",

-      "L_AC=3 #m #Length of AC\n",

-      "F_D=80 #KN #Force at Pt D\n",

-      "w=40 #KN/m #u.v.l\n",

-      "L=6 #Length of beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let R_A and R_B be the Reactions at Pt A & B respectively\n",

-      "#R_A+R_B=140 \n",

-      "#Taking moment at B we get,M_B\n",

-      "R_A=(1*2**-1*L_AC*w*(1*3**-1*L_AC+(L_CD+L_DB))+F_D*L_DB)*L**-1\n",

-      "R_B=140-R_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F at B\n",

-      "V_B1=0 #KN\n",

-      "V_B2=R_B #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At D\n",

-      "V_D1=V_B2 #KN\n",

-      "V_D2=V_D1-F_D #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F at C\n",

-      "V_C=V_D2 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At A\n",

-      "V_A1=V_C-1*2**-1*w*L_AC #KN\n",

-      "V_A2=V_A1+R_A #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At B\n",

-      "M_B=0 #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At D\n",

-      "M_D=-R_B*L_DB\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At C\n",

-      "M_C=F_D*L_CD-R_B*(L_DB+L_CD)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At A\n",

-      "M_A=F_D*(L_CD+L_AC)-R_B*L+1*2**-1*w*L_AC*(1*3**-1*L_AC)+R_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,0,L_DB,L_DB,L_DB+L_CD,L_DB+L_CD+L_AC,L_DB+L_CD+L_AC]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_B1,V_B2,V_D1,V_D2,V_C,V_A1,V_A2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_DB,L_CD+L_DB,L_AC+L_CD+L_DB]\n",

-      "Y2=[M_B,M_D,M_C,M_A]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56f0ef0>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5595ef0>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 16

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.4,Page No.104"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "M_D=120 #KN.m #B.M at Pt D\n",

-      "F_C=40 #KN #Force at Pt C\n",

-      "w1=20 #KN.m\n",

-      "L_DB=1.5 #m #Length of DB\n",

-      "L_CD=1.5 #m #Length of CD\n",

-      "L_AC=3 #m #Length of AC\n",

-      "L=6 #m #Length of Beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let R_A And R_B be the Reactions at pt A and B \n",

-      "#R_A+R_B=100\n",

-      "#Now Taking Moment At Pt B We get,M_B\n",

-      "R_A=-(M_D-F_C*(L_CD+L_DB)-w1*L_AC*(L_AC*2**-1+L_CD+L_DB))*L**-1\n",

-      "R_B=100-R_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At Pt B\n",

-      "V_B1=0\n",

-      "V_B2=R_B\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F at Pt D\n",

-      "V_D=V_B2 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At Pt C\n",

-      "V_C1=V_D #KN\n",

-      "V_C2=V_C1-F_C\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At Pt A\n",

-      "V_A1=V_C2-w1*L_AC #KN\n",

-      "V_A2=V_A1+R_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt B\n",

-      "M_B=0 #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt D\n",

-      "M_D1=M_B-R_B*L_DB #KN.m\n",

-      "M_D2=M_B+M_D-R_B*L_DB\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt C\n",

-      "M_C=M_D-R_B*(L_CD+L_DB)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt A\n",

-      "M_A=M_D-R_B*L+F_C*L_AC+w1*L_AC*L_AC*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,0,L_DB,L_DB+L_CD,L_DB+L_CD,L_DB+L_CD+L_AC,L_DB+L_CD+L_AC]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_B1,V_B2,V_D,V_C1,V_C2,V_A1,V_A2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Y2=[M_B,M_D1,M_D2,M_C,M_A]\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_DB,L_DB,L_CD+L_DB,L_AC+L_CD+L_DB]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56da030>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

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sNP3OaDQiICAAQUFByMrKssvrp6QAFy4An39ul6cnBdBoxDWr1auBoiK505Ac1HDIzh7M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\nnQ4lJSV2y6F0Hh7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7YtCgQfj8888BiB/Q33//fYePGTZsGHbs2AFBEFBeXo6DBw+afufl\n5YXr169blaGjgkMkNxYMUq2amhoMGDDA9PX3v/8dW7duxaZNmxAWFoaQkBBkZGSY7t+8dXfT91Om\nTIFOp4Ner8dTTz2FBx980HRN5Oeeew5jx441LXq3fnx7rcBb327u+9aPMfezq7UbJ3lxWy2RjW7c\nuIG77roLV69eRXR0NI4dO4Z+/frJHYtIclzDILLR+PHjUVFRgbq6OixfvpzFglwWRxhERGQRrmEQ\nEZFFWDCIiMgiLBhERGQRFgwiIrIICwYREVmEBYOIiCzy//MEB9W2RSPfAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x578f510>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.5,Page No.105"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "F_C=20 #KN #Force at Pt C\n",

-      "F_D=40 #KN #Force at pt D\n",

-      "w=20 #KN.m #u.d.l \n",

-      "L_AD=L_DB=2 #m #Length of AD & DB\n",

-      "L_BC=1 #m #Length of BC\n",

-      "L=5 #m #Length of Beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#LEt R_A and R_B be the reactions at A & B respectively\n",

-      "#R_A+R_B=100 \n",

-      "#Now Taking Moment at B,M_B we get\n",

-      "R_A=-(F_C*L_BC-F_D*L_DB-w*L_AD*(L_AD*2**-1+L_DB))*(L_AD+L_DB)**-1\n",

-      "R_B=100-R_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At pt C\n",

-      "V_C1=0 #KN\n",

-      "V_C2=-F_C #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At PT B\n",

-      "V_B1=V_C2 #KN\n",

-      "V_B2=V_C2+R_B #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At Pt D\n",

-      "V_D1=V_B2 #KN\n",

-      "V_D2=V_D1-F_D #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At Pt A\n",

-      "V_A1=V_D2-w*L_AD #KN\n",

-      "V_A2=V_A1+R_A #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt C\n",

-      "M_C=0 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt B\n",

-      "M_B=F_C*L_BC\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt D\n",

-      "M_D=F_C*(L_BC+L_DB)-R_B*L_DB\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt A\n",

-      "M_A=F_C*L-R_B*(L_DB+L_AD)+F_D*L_AD+w*L_AD*L_AD*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,0,L_BC,L_BC,L_BC+L_DB,L_BC+L_DB,L_BC+L_DB+L_AD,L_BC+L_DB+L_AD]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_C1,V_C2,V_B1,V_B2,V_D1,V_D2,V_A1,V_A2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Y2=[M_C,M_B,M_D,M_A]\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_BC,L_BC+L_DB,L_BC+L_DB+L_AD]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Lenght in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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DoVBVVUVFRQWHDx82t8/9uRxhYWGEhobWeT4zM5OkpCR8fX0JDAwkODiY3NzcyzqWiFxY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\n+uo6P1lZWcyePZt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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5783350>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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Zb7/9lh07drB8+XLy8/N58cUXmTVrlrt+NSKaPpLAUlFRwZdffsnI\nkSOd91VWVgLGm/WZE1a7du3K4cOHAfj8889JSUkBcPYoONvw4cMB6NGjBx9++KHzfldOkKntmufr\n0KED3bp1A6Bbt24kJiYCEB0dTUlJSZ3XEXGVkoIElNOnT3PFFVdQWFhY48+bNm3q/PrMm/r5dYPz\n3+wvueQSAJo0aUJVVVW9Y6rpmuc7cw0w+iWceU5QUFCDrilSG00fSUC5/PLL6dChAx988AFgvAn/\n61//uuhz+vTpw4oVK3A4HBw+fJi8vLw6r9O8eXPnUcXn0xmUYmVKCuLXTpw4Qbt27Zy3//3f/+Xd\nd99l0aJFxMbGEh0dfU4z97Pn+898PWLECMLCwoiKiuK+++6jR48etGjR4oJr2Ww253OGDh3KypUr\niYuLIz8/v9bH1XbNml67tu8D+UhocT8dnS3igp9//pnLLruM//znPyQkJPDFF1/QqlUrs8MScTvV\nFERcMGTIEMrLy6msrGTatGlKCOK3NFIQEREn1RRERMRJSUFERJyUFERExElJQUREnJQURETESUlB\nRESc/j+iaB8fTwtkoQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56d6650>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 18

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.6,Page No.107"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_BC=L_EB=L_AD=1 #m #Length of spans BC,ED,AD\n",

-      "L_ED=2 #m #Length of ED\n",

-      "w=60 #KNm #u.d.l\n",

-      "F_C=20 #KN Pt Load at C\n",

-      "L=5 #m #Span of beam \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let R_A & R_B be the reactions at A & B respectively\n",

-      "#R_A+R_B=80 \n",

-      "#Taking Moment At A,we get M_A\n",

-      "R_B=(F_C*L+1*2**-1*L_ED*w*(2*3**-1*L_ED+L_AD))*(L_AD+L_ED+L_EB)**-1\n",

-      "R_A=80-R_B\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At C\n",

-      "V_C1=0 #KN\n",

-      "V_C2=-F_C #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At B\n",

-      "V_B1=V_C2 #KN\n",

-      "V_B2=V_C2+R_B #KN \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F aT E\n",

-      "V_E=V_B2 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F AT D\n",

-      "V_D=V_B2-1*2**-1*L_ED*w #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At A\n",

-      "V_A1=V_D #KN \n",

-      "V_A2=V_D+R_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M at C\n",

-      "M_C=0 #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M at B\n",

-      "M_B=F_C*L_BC #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M at E\n",

-      "M_E=F_C*(L_EB+L_BC)-R_B*L_EB #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M at D\n",

-      "M_D=F_C*(L_ED+L_EB+L_BC)-R_B*(L_ED+L_EB)+1*2**-1*L_ED*w*1*3**-1*L_ED #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M  at A\n",

-      "M_A=1*2**-1*L_ED*w*(2*3**-1*L_ED+L_AD)-R_B*(L_AD+L_ED+L_EB)+F_C*L\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,0,L_BC,L_BC,L_EB+L_BC,L_ED+L_EB+L_BC,L_AD+L_ED+L_EB+L_BC,L_ED+L_EB+L_BC+L_AD]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_C1,V_C2,V_B1,V_B2,V_E,V_D,V_A1,V_A2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_BC,L_BC+L_EB,L_EB+L_BC+L_ED,L_EB+L_BC+L_ED+L_AD]\n",

-      "Y2=[M_C,M_B,M_E,M_D,M_A]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Lenght in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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Cr9fzLAHAgQMHUFpaig8++AAbNmzAvn37Ot1OUUUhJCSkwx1Vq6qqEBoaKjAR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\nAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x55acad0>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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UlD0DZoHZoDk7OxvPPfec/SqwAoNm98HQmcjAloBZINmcwq5du5rcTwEAHnnkEeuqkgCb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\nkeDZfAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56c32d0>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.7,Page No.109"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_BC=1 #m #Length of BC\n",

-      "L_DB=2 #m #Length of DB\n",

-      "L_AD=4 #m #Length 0f AD\n",

-      "M_D=30 #KN.m #Moment at D\n",

-      "w=45 #KN/m #u.d.l\n",

-      "L=7 #m #Span of beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let R_B & R_A be the Reactions at B & A respectively\n",

-      "#R_B+R_A=180+P  ............(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Taking Moment about A,we get\n",

-      "#R_B=7*P+390   ...............(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Since R_A & R_B Are Equal\n",

-      "#2*R_B=180+P  ...................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From equation 1 and 3 we get\n",

-      "#3*(180+P)=7P+390\n",

-      "#After simplifying Further above equation we get\n",

-      "P=150*4**-1 #KN\n",

-      "R_A=R_B=(180+P)*2**-1\n",

-      "F_C=P\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At C\n",

-      "V_C1=0 #KN\n",

-      "V_C2=-P #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At B\n",

-      "V_B1=V_C2 #KN\n",

-      "V_B2=V_C2+R_B #KN \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At D\n",

-      "V_D=V_B2 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At A\n",

-      "V_A1=V_D-w*L_AD #KN\n",

-      "V_A2=V_A1+R_A #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M at C\n",

-      "M_C=0 #KN.m \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M at B\n",

-      "M_B=F_C*L_BC #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M at D\n",

-      "M_D1=F_C*(L_BC+L_DB)-R_B*L_DB #KN.m\n",

-      "M_D2=M_D1+M_D\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At A\n",

-      "M_A=w*L_AD*L_AD*2**-1+M_D-R_B*(L_AD+L_DB)+P*L\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,0,L_BC,L_BC,L_DB+L_BC,L_DB+L_BC+L_AD,L_DB+L_BC+L_AD]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_C1,V_C2,V_B1,V_B2,V_D,V_A1,V_A2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_BC,L_DB+L_BC,L_DB+L_BC,L_AD+L_DB+L_BC]\n",

-      "Y2=[M_C,M_B,M_D1,M_D2,M_A]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Lenght in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x565ceb0>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56611f0>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 20

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.8,Page No.110"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=6 #m #Span Of beam\n",

-      "w=30 #KN/m #u.d.l\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Due to Symmetry\n",

-      "#Let R_B and R_C be the reactions at B & C Respectively\n",

-      "R_B=R_C=w*L*2**-1 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let a be the overhang.The Max -ve moment occurs at the support and max +ve moment at middle of the beam\n",

-      "#Now Equating these two equations we get\n",

-      "#30*a*a*2**-1=90*(3-a)-w*L*2**-1*L*4**-1\n",

-      "#After simplifying we get an equation as\n",

-      "#a**2+6*a-9=0\n",

-      "x=1\n",

-      "y=6\n",

-      "z=-9\n",

-      "\n",

-      "p=y**2-4*x*z\n",

-      "\n",

-      "a1=(-y+p**0.5)*2**-1\n",

-      "a2=(-y-p**0.5)*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Length cannot be negative,so taking a1 into Consideration\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_CD=L_AB=a1\n",

-      "L_BC=L-2*a1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At D\n",

-      "V_D=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At C\n",

-      "V_C1=V_D-w*L_CD #KN\n",

-      "V_C2=V_C1+R_C #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At B\n",

-      "V_B1=-w*(L_BC+L_CD)+R_C\n",

-      "V_B2=V_B1+R_B\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At A\n",

-      "V_A=round(V_B2,2)-round(w*L_AB,2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At D\n",

-      "M_D=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At C\n",

-      "M_C=w*L_CD*L_CD*2**-1 #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At B\n",

-      "M_B=w*(L_BC+L_CD)*(L_BC+L_CD)*2**-1-R_C*L_BC*L_BC*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At A\n",

-      "X=w*L*L*2**-1\n",

-      "Y=-R_C*(L_AB+L_BC)-R_B*L_AB\n",

-      "M_A=X+Y\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,L_CD,L_CD,L_CD+L_BC,L_CD+L_BC,L_CD+L_BC+L_AB]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_D,V_C1,V_C2,V_B1,V_B2,V_A]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_CD,L_BC+L_CD,L_AB+L_BC+L_CD]\n",

-      "Y2=[M_D,M_C,M_B,M_A]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Lenght in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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lXLhwAQBw6dIlHDhwwKleBejt7Q0/Pz+UlpYCAA4ePIiwsLAub6vKm9f6yt3d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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x579c1b0>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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LUVxcrNtAqS48PDxqdH5WVhby8vIQEBAAAJg4cSJ27NjBhEGkEDc3ID5e7BWe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\nMQcOHJASExMlb29vtUPRi6y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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56f0c50>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 21

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.9,Page No.112"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "F_F=6 #KN #Force at  F\n",

-      "w1=w2=w=3 #KN.m #u.d.l\n",

-      "M_D=24 #KN.m \n",

-      "L_AB=L_CD=L_DE=L_EF=4 #m #Length of AB,CD,DE,EF\n",

-      "L_BC=2 #m #Length of BC\n",

-      "L=18 #m #Span of Beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#LEt R_B and R_E be the Reactions at B & E respectively\n",

-      "#R_B+R_E=42\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment At Pt B,M_B\n",

-      "R_E=(F_F*(L_BC+L_CD+L_DE+L_EF)+w*(L_CD+L_DE)*((L_CD+L_DE)*2**-1+L_BC)-w*L_AB*L_AB*2**-1-M_D)*(L_BC+L_CD+L_DE)**-1\n",

-      "R_B=42-R_E #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F aT F\n",

-      "V_F1=0 #KN \n",

-      "V_F2=-F_F #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F at E\n",

-      "V_E1=V_F2 #KN\n",

-      "V_E2=V_E1+R_E #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F aT C\n",

-      "V_C=V_E2-w*(L_CD+L_DE) #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F at B\n",

-      "V_B1=V_C #KN \n",

-      "V_B2=V_C+R_B #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At A\n",

-      "V_A=V_B2-w*L_AB #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At F\n",

-      "M_F=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At E\n",

-      "M_E=F_F*L_EF #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At D\n",

-      "M_D1=F_F*(L_DE+L_EF)-R_E*L_DE+w*L_DE*L_DE*2**-1 #KN.m\n",

-      "M_D2=M_D1-M_D\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At C\n",

-      "M_C=F_F*(L_CD+L_DE+L_EF)-R_E*(L_CD+L_DE)+w*(L_CD+L_DE)*(L_CD+L_DE)*2**-1-M_D\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At B\n",

-      "M_B=F_F*(L_BC+L_CD+L_DE+L_EF)-R_E*(L_BC+L_CD+L_DE)-M_D+w*(L_CD+L_DE)*((L_CD+L_DE)*2**-1+L_BC)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At A\n",

-      "M_A=w*L_AB*L_AB*2**-1-R_B*L_AB+w*(L_CD+L_DE)*((L_CD+L_DE)*2**-1+L_BC+L_AB)-R_E*(L_AB+L_BC+L_CD+L_DE)+F_F*L-M_D\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,0,L_EF,L_EF,L_EF+L_DE+L_CD,L_EF+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC,L_EF+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC,L_EF+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC+L_AB]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_F1,V_F2,V_E1,V_E2,V_C,V_B1,V_B2,V_A]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_EF,L_DE+L_EF,L_DE+L_EF,L_CD+L_DE+L_EF,L_CD+L_DE+L_EF+L_BC,L_CD+L_DE+L_EF+L_BC+L_AB]\n",

-      "Y2=[M_F,M_E,M_D1,M_D2,M_C,M_B,M_A]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Lenght in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56becf0>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

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VxMfHIzs7G/369cOvv/6KcePG4bHHHnNknEROixVL5KzMziBqa2uRmJiIMWPG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\nfyRzHAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5798750>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 22

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.10,Page No.114"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_DC=L_BA=2 #m #Length of BA & DC\n",

-      "L_CB=1 #m #Length of CB\n",

-      "F_A=10 #KN #Force at pt A\n",

-      "F_B=20 #KN #Force at pt B\n",

-      "w=4 #KN.m #u.d.l\n",

-      "L=5 #m #Length of beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let R_D be the reactions at Pt D\n",

-      "R_D=F_B+F_A+w*L_DC #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F at Pt A\n",

-      "V_A1=0 #KN\n",

-      "V_A2=F_A #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At Pt B\n",

-      "V_B1=V_A2\n",

-      "V_B2=F_B+F_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F at Pt C\n",

-      "V_C=F_B+F_A #KN \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At Pt D\n",

-      "V_D1=V_B2+w*L_DC\n",

-      "V_D2=F_B+F_A+w*L_DC-R_D\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt A\n",

-      "M_A=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt B\n",

-      "M_B=F_A*L_BA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M at Pt C\n",

-      "M_C=F_B*L_CB+F_A*(L_BA+L_CB) #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt D\n",

-      "M_D1=F_A*L+F_B*(L_CB+L_DC)+w*L_DC*L_DC*2**-1\n",

-      "M_D2=(F_A*L+F_B*(L_CB+L_DC)+w*L_DC*L_DC*2**-1)-M_D1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,0,L_BA,L_BA,L_BA+L_CB,L_BA+L_CB+L_DC,L_BA+L_CB+L_DC]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_A1,V_A2,V_B1,V_B2,V_C,V_D1,V_D2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Y2=[M_A,M_B,M_C,M_D1,M_D2]\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_BA,L_CB+L_BA,L_CB+L_BA+L_DC,L_CB+L_BA+L_DC]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Lenght in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x55ac070>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

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-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x564df70>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 23

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.11,Page No.115"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "w=20 #KN/m #u.v.l\n",

-      "F_C=40 #KN #Force at Pt C\n",

-      "M_D=40 #KN.m #Moment at pt D\n",

-      "L_AB=3 #m #Length of AB\n",

-      "L_BC=1 #m #Length of BC\n",

-      "L_CD=L_DE=2 #m #Length of CD & DE\n",

-      "L=8 #8 #Length of beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let R_A & R_E be the Reactions at A & E respectively\n",

-      "#R_A+R_E=70\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moments At Pt A we get,M_A\n",

-      "R_E=(F_C*(L_AB+L_BC)+1*2**-1*L_AB*w*2+40)*L**-1\n",

-      "R_A=70-R_E\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At Pt E\n",

-      "V_E1=0\n",

-      "V_E2=R_E #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F aT pt D\n",

-      "V_D=V_E2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At PT C\n",

-      "V_C1=V_D\n",

-      "V_C2=V_D-F_C #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At Pt A\n",

-      "V_A1=V_C2-(1*2**-1*w*L_AB)\n",

-      "V_A2=V_A1+R_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt E\n",

-      "M_E=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt D\n",

-      "M_D1=M_E-R_E*L_DE\n",

-      "M_D2=M_D1+M_D\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt C\n",

-      "M_C=-R_E*(L_DE+L_CD)+M_D\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt B\n",

-      "M_B=-R_E*(L_DE+L_CD+L_BC)+M_D+F_C*L_BC\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt A\n",

-      "M_A=-R_E*L+M_D+(1*2**-1*L_AB*w*2)+F_C*(L_BC+L_AB)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,0,L_DE,L_CD+L_DE,L_CD+L_DE,L_CD+L_DE+L_AB,L_CD+L_DE+L_AB]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_E1,V_E2,V_D,V_C1,V_C2,V_A1,V_A2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Y2=[M_E,M_D1,M_D2,M_C,M_B,M_A]\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_DE,L_DE,L_CD+L_DE,L_DE+L_CD+L_BC,L_AB+L_BC+L_CD+L_DE]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Lenght in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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KRQ4dOoS8vDz4+/sjISEBe/bswX333Sc6Vo/cdNNNAIDhw4fjrrvucqh1zVQq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\niEjGUiAiItn/A+2hg5gYC1MHAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5783e30>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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PZcuW8dRTT5GZmcnOnTtp1KgRI0aMsPs+cvTnxbp1U4fwLFyoO4nzTCaYMkWt\nRjp3Tnca4W2++ELVCBs2THcS32K3zEXbtm0JDw/n2muvLfH7a9euveIbO1oaY8iQIbbjPQMCAth/\nQeH9AwcOEGDnV4CJEyfaPo+OjiY6Otqh63m74hvpkCFqg46/v+5EzunUCRo3VmcuPPGE7jTCWxw7\npsqmLF2qFi6IkqWkpJCSklKm19itkvrWW2+xePFi6tevT79+/ejVqxd16tRxRU4OHjxIo0aNAHjz\nzTfZunUrX3zxBVarlQEDBpCamkp2djadO3cmIyPjst5CZaiSWpqYGDVZ+49/OPc+FVUl9Uo2b4b+\n/dUZutWr68shvMewYWoI9b33dCfxLi45jnPfvn0kJSXx//7f/+Omm25izJgxtGrVyqlgAwcOZOfO\nnZhMJpo2bcq8efNoeP4Q36lTp7JgwQL8/Px4++236VrCkgJpFFTZiz59VDlqZ5bheUKjAGp+oWtX\neOYZvTmE59u6FXr2VAXvrr5adxrv4rIzmvfs2cPChQv57LPPmD59Ov00FxaRRkF54AHo2FHt5Cwv\nT2kUdu6E7t1VI1erlt4swnMVFkKHDurs74EDdafxPk6dp7Bv3z6mTJlC+/btmTBhApGRkfzyyy/a\nGwTxt1dfhWnTIC9PdxLntWoFd9wB77yjO4nwZHPnqurBjz6qO4nvsttTqFKlChERETz44IO2qqjF\nrYycvOY54uLUWQvl3TriKT0FUIXy7r5b9Rak7LG41MGD0LKlqgFmsehO450cuXfanbcfP368bYI3\nzxd+FfVRkybB7ber9dr16+tO45zQULXk9o031P+XEBcaMUKtupMGwb0cmlPwNNJTuNgTT8CNN6rh\npLLypJ4CwG+/Qbt2kJYG112nO43wFGvWqAbBalXncojycckZzcLzjR8PiYlw+LDuJM5r1kydrTt9\nuu4kwlOcOaN6wu+8Iw1CRZBGwQfcdJOaW5g2TXcS1xg7Fj74AHJydCcRnmDGDAgLU8uWhftJo+Aj\nxoyBjz4CXygVFRAAjz+udm6Lyi0jQx2x+fbbupNUHqXOKcyaNeuicSiTyUS9evVo06aN05vYykvm\nFEr28suQm6uW7TnK0+YUih0+DCEh6nzqwEDdaYQOhqEWHnTqpEpaCOe5ZE5h27ZtvPfee+Tk5JCd\nnc28efNYsWIFQ4cOZboM/HqUkSNh8WI1WevtGjRQ48iyCqny+uor1fN1ZnOmKLtSewp33nknK1as\noHbt2oCAyRB3AAAbiklEQVRantq9e3dWrlxJmzZt+OWXXyok6IWkp2DfxImQmQkff+zY8z21pwCq\n6FlwMGzYADffrDuNqEgnTqilp4sWqU2NwjVc0lM4fPgw1apVs33t7+/PH3/8wVVXXUUNOfvO47zw\ngjqvVkNb7XL166v/nwkTdCcRFW3CBOjSRRoEHUotOvvwww/ToUMHHnzwQQzDYPny5QwYMICTJ09i\nkV0kHqduXXjxRbVMdfFi3Wmc9+yzEBQEP/8MkZG604iKsHOnOithzx7dSSonhzavbd26lY0bN2Iy\nmbj99ttp27ZtRWSzS4aPruzUKXUj/fZbiIq68nM9efio2Ntvw/ffw7JlupMIdysqUjv0n3hCbVYT\nruWyKqmFhYUcOnSIgoICW+mLJk2auCZlOUijULp33lHDSN9+e+XneUOjcOaMmltYvBhuuUV3GuFO\n8+erpdUbNqjjZ4VrOVX7qNicOXOYNGkS119/PVWrVrU9/t///tf5hMJthg6FmTNh0ya47TbdaZxT\no4Y6l3rsWFXuQPimP//8+89YGgR9Su0pNG/enNTUVLvHcuogPQXHLFgAn30GP/xg/zne0FMAdYZz\naCi8/746Q0L4nkGD1FLkmTN1J/FdLll91KRJE1vpbFeaM2cOoaGhhIeHM3LkSNvjCQkJBAcHExIS\nwqpVq1x+3cpk4EC1zvv773UncZ6/v1puO2aM2tQkfMu6dbB2rfozFnqVOnzUtGlTOnbsyH333Wdb\nmurseQpr165l2bJl7Nq1C39/fw6fr+RmtVpJSkrCarXazmjeu3cvVaQvWS5+fmrz15gxcM89cMlR\n114nLg4SEuC77+C++3SnEa6Snw9PPQVvvaUO0BF6OdRT6Ny5M/n5+eTl5ZGbm0tubq5TF507dy6j\nR4/G398fgAYNGgCQnJxMXFwc/v7+BAYGEhQURGpqqlPXquxiY9VqpG++0Z3EeVWrqvLgY8eqVSrC\nN7zxBjRtCr166U4iwIGewkQ39OfS09P58ccfeeWVV6hRowYzZ86kbdu25OTkcMsFy0vMZjPZvlDh\nTaMqVf6+kd53n/dP4PXqBVOnwpIl0Lev7jTCWVlZag4hNdX7e7K+wm6j8Nxzz/H222/To0ePy75n\nMplYVsqi8ZiYGA4dOnTZ41OmTKGgoIC//vqLLVu2sHXrVmJjY/nNTsEek52/KRc2VtHR0URHR18x\nT2XWs6e6kS5eDN5+xLbJBK+9Bs8/D717q96D8F7PPqv+LJs1053EN6WkpJCSklKm19htFB49fzL2\niBEjyhVm9erVdr83d+5cevfuDUC7du2oUqUK//vf/wgICGD//v225x04cICAgIAS38MdPRhfVXwj\nffpp6NNHzTV4s65d1alsn32mVqwI75ScDHv3+sbOe0916S/MkxypMGlo8N577xnjx483DMMw0tLS\njMaNGxuGYRh79uwxIiMjjbNnzxq//fab0axZM6OoqOiy12uK7dWKigzj7rsNY8GCix9PSjKMvn21\nRHLKunWGERhoGGfP6k4iyiMvzzCaNDGM77/XnaRyceTeafd3xoiICLsNiclkYteuXWVory42ePBg\nBg8eTEREBNWqVeOTTz4BwGKxEBsbi8Viwc/Pj8TERLvDR6JsTCZ1aM3DD8OAAVC9uu5EzrnrLmjR\nQu3F+Oc/dacRZTV5Mtx5p1oVJzyL3c1rWVlZACQmJgJqOMkwDD7//HMArWcpyOa18uveXU04Dxum\nvvaWzWsl2bpVTTynp0PNmrrTCEft3q02IO7eDQ0b6k5Tubik9lGrVq3YuXPnRY9FRUWxY8cO5xOW\nkzQK5bd9O/TooW6kV13l3Y0CqEbhzjtViW3h+YqK4O671Z6T+HjdaSofl+xoNgyDDRs22L7euHGj\n3JC9WOvWcOut8O67upO4xquvqoPdndw6IyrIxx/D2bPw5JO6kwh7Su0pbNu2jccff5zjx48DUL9+\nfT788ENat25dIQFLIj0F51itqvueng4rV3p3TwHUPEloqNqLITzXkSMQFqZ2pGu8fVRqLiudDdga\nhXr16jmfzEnSKDhv4EB15kJIiPc3CunpqveTng5XX607jbBn6FA19zN7tu4klZdLGoUzZ86wZMkS\nsrKyKCgosL3x+PHjXZe0jKRRcN5vv0H79mr/wg8/eHejAOpAluuvV5v0hOfZtEntQLdawQN+r6y0\nXDKn8MADD7Bs2TL8/f2pXbs2tWvXplatWi4LKfRo1gweekjVnfEF48fDvHnwxx+6k4hLFRSognez\nZkmD4A1K7SmEh4eze/fuisrjEOkpuMaBA2oIqWdP7+8pgCqZUKWKqrYpPMcbb6hTAFetkvpGurmk\np3Dbbbc5tVFNeC6zWf0G5+1F8oq98gp88glcUClFaHbggBrSe/ddaRC8Rak9hdDQUDIyMmjatCnV\nz2+DdXZHs7Okp+A6p06pYxADA3UncY1Ro+DoUXXWr9DvoYfUiiNHSu4I93PJRHPxzuZLBWq8i0ij\nIOw5elSVv9iyRQ2NCX1WrIBnnlE7l2vU0J1GgIuGjwIDA9m/fz9r164lMDCQWrVqyQ1ZeKxrrlFz\nC1JEV6/Tp1VV3nfflQbB25TaU5g4cSLbtm0jLS2NvXv3kp2dTWxsLBs3bqyojJeRnoK4khMnIDhY\nLbUNC9OdpnIaO1aVxfaFBQy+xCU9haVLl5KcnGxbhhoQEOD0cZxCuFPduvDSS2qZqqh4v/6qlge/\n+abuJKI8Sm0UqlevTpULlqecPHnSrYGEcIVhw9S8wrZtupNULoahCt2NHQt2zscSHq7URqFv3748\n+eSTHDt2jPnz59OpUyeGDBlSEdmEKLeaNWHMGKmHVNG++AL++uvv0uzC+zhU+2jVqlWsWrUKgK5d\nuxITE+P2YFcicwrCEfn5cPPN8OmncMcdutP4vmPHwGKBpUuhQwfdaURJXFoQD+Dw4cNcd911Tp+G\n1r9/f9LS0gA4duwY9evXt53PkJCQwIIFC6hatSqzZ8+mS5cul4eWRkE46MMP4aOPICVFNk+527Bh\nUFgI772nO4mwx6mJ5s2bNxMdHU3v3r3ZsWMH4eHhRERE0LBhQ1asWOFUsEWLFrFjxw527NhBnz59\n6NOnDwBWq5WkpCSsVisrV64kPj6eoqIip64lKrdHH1X1kFav1p3Et23dCl9/DQkJupMIZ9ltFJ5+\n+mleeeUV4uLi6NixI//61784dOgQP/74I6NHj3bJxQ3D4MsvvyQuLg6A5ORk4uLi8Pf3JzAwkKCg\nIFJTU11yLVE5+fmp3bRjxqhJUOF6hYWqXMr06VK63BfYbRQKCwvp0qULffv2pVGjRtxyyy0AhISE\nOD18VGz9+vU0bNiQ5s2bA5CTk4PZbLZ932w2k52d7ZJricqrb184dw6Sk3Un8U1z50Lt2qpXJryf\nn71vXHjjr1GOLYkxMTEcOnTossenTp1Kjx49AFi4cCEDBgy44vvYa4AmXrBlNTo6mujo6DJnFJVD\nlSrq2M5XXlHnU1etqjuR7zh4UPXE1q2TORtPlJKSQkpKSpleY3eiuWrVqlx11VUAnD59mpo1a9q+\nd/r0aduBO+VVUFCA2Wxm+/bt3HjjjQBMmzYNgFGjRgFw7733MmnSJDpcspRBJppFWRmGOp3t2Weh\nlN9DRBkMGAA33SRzCd7CqYnmwsJCcnNzyc3NpaCgwPZ58dfOWrNmDaGhobYGAaBnz54sWrSI/Px8\nMjMzSU9Pp3379k5fSwiTCaZMgQkT1FCScN7q1bB5M4wbpzuJcCW7w0fulpSUZJtgLmaxWIiNjcVi\nseDn50diYqLL5i+E6NQJGjeGjz9Wx3eK8jtzRi1BnTMHzg8oCB9Rpn0KnkKGj0R5bd4M/fpBejqc\nPx5ElMPkybBjh9qoJryHyzeveQppFIQz7r8funZVtf5F2WVkwC23wPbt0KSJ7jSiLKRREKIEO3dC\n9+6qt3C++K9wkGFAt25qKO6ll3SnEWXlktLZQviaVq1ULaR33tGdxPt89RVkZ8Pw4bqTCHeRnoKo\nlH79Fe66S/UW6tXTncY7nDihCt4tWiQFBr2V9BSEsCMkRA0hvfGG7iTeY8IE6NJFGgRfJz0FUWn9\n9hu0awdpaXDddbrTeLadO9Xk/J498rPyZtJTEOIKmjWD2FhVyE3YV1SkCt5NmSINQmUgPQVRqWVn\nQ0QE7N4NF2yuFxeYP1+dSbFhg6ojJbyXLEkVwgEjRqgduu++qzuJ5/nzTwgPhzVroGVL3WmEs6RR\nEMIBhw+riedt2yAwUHcazzJoEDRoADNn6k4iXEEaBSEcNG4cHDigju8Uyrp16owEq1WdlyC8nzQK\nQjjo2DEIDob161WvobLLz1eb/F57DXr31p1GuIqsPhLCQfXrwwsvqLX4Qu3faNoUevXSnURUNOkp\nCHHeyZMQFAQrV0JkpO40+mRlQdu2kJqqlu0K3yE9BSHKoFYtGDVKDo159ll4/nlpECoraRSEuMCT\nT6rdu1u26E6iR3Iy7N0LL76oO4nQRUujkJqaSvv27YmKiqJdu3Zs3brV9r2EhASCg4MJCQlh1apV\nOuKJSqxGDdVTGDtWd5KKd/Kk6iUkJsoBRJWZljmF6OhoRo8eTdeuXVmxYgUzZsxg7dq1WK1WBgwY\nwNatW8nOzqZz587s3buXKpdso5Q5BeFO585BaCi8/z507Kg7TcUZOVLt8P7sM91JhLt47JxCo0aN\nOH78OADHjh0jICAAgOTkZOLi4vD39ycwMJCgoCBSU1N1RBSVmL8/TJwIY8aoQ2Uqg927YcECmDVL\ndxKhm5ZGYdq0aYwYMYImTZrw0ksvkZCQAEBOTg5ms9n2PLPZTHZ2to6IopKLi4Pjx+G773Qncb/i\ngneTJ0PDhrrTCN383PXGMTExHDp06LLHp0yZwuzZs5k9eza9evVi8eLFDB48mNWrV5f4PiaTqcTH\nJ06caPs8Ojqa6OhoV8QWAoCqVeHVV9XcQrduvl0I7uOP4exZ+Mc/dCcRrpaSkkJKSkqZXqNlTqFu\n3bqcOHECAMMwqF+/PsePH2fatGkAjBo1CoB7772XSZMm0aFDh4teL3MKoiIYhjpvYeRI6NtXdxr3\nOHIEwsJUj6h1a91phLt57JxCUFAQ69atA+CHH36gRYsWAPTs2ZNFixaRn59PZmYm6enptG/fXkdE\nITCZVJmH8eOhsFB3GvcYNUqdKSENgijmtuGjK5k/fz7Dhg3j7Nmz1KxZk/nz5wNgsViIjY3FYrHg\n5+dHYmKi3eEjISpC167qYJnPPlMVQ33Jpk2qh2C16k4iPImUuRCiFD/+qBqEtDSoVk13GtcoKIA2\nbWD0aOjfX3caUVE8dvhICG9y113QogV88IHuJK5hGDBjBlx/PfTrpzuN8DTSUxDCAVu3woMPQkYG\n1KypO0355OfDokWqAmp+PixbpgoAispDegpCuEi7dtC+PcydqztJ2R05AlOnqlPlPv0UEhLUZjVp\nEERJpKcghIN274bOnSE9HerU0Z2mdGlp8NZbqnfQqxcMHy7nLFd20lMQwoXCw6FTJ3j7bd1J7DMM\nWLsWevSAO+9U5yv/8osqYSENgnCE9BSEKIOMDLj1VlVe+uqrdaf524XzBWfPqlPkHnnEe+c/hHvI\nGc1CuMHQoeo38KlTdSdR8wXz5sE776idyS+8oPZW+HJZDlF+0igI4Qa//w5RUWrTl64CcjJfIMpD\n5hSEcIMmTeDhh9Uqnook8wWiIkhPQYhyOHQILBb4+Wdo3Ni918rPh6QkNV9w5ozMF4jyk+EjIdxo\n1Cg4ehTOl+5yOZkvEK4mjYIQbnT0qCp/sWWLazeC7d2r5gsWLpT5AuFaMqcghBtdc4066P6C857K\n7cL5gjvuUJVZZb5A6CA9BSGccOIEBAfD99+rzW1lJfMFoiLJ8JEQFWDmTHU2wddfO/4amS8QOnjs\n8NHPP//MrbfeSsuWLenZsye5ubm27yUkJBAcHExISAirVq3SEU+IMhk2DP7zH9i2rfTn7t0L8fFq\nDiIjA1auhNWrff8caOE9tPw1HDJkCDNmzGDXrl306tWL119/HQCr1UpSUhJWq5WVK1cSHx9PUVGR\njoguUdYDs3WRnM6pWRPGjIGxY9XXl+b01PkCT/15XsobcnpDRkdpaRTS09O58847AejcuTNLliwB\nIDk5mbi4OPz9/QkMDCQoKIjU1FQdEV3CW/6iSE7nDRkCv/4KGzb8nTM/X5Wqbt1a9Q569oT/+z+Y\nPBluuEFvXvDsn+eFvCGnN2R0lJZGISwsjOTkZAAWL17M/v37AcjJycFsNtueZzabyc7O1hFRiDKp\nVg0mTFA9hlOn/j6/4JNP1Od79qiaSTKBLDyd2xqFmJgYIiIiLvtYvnw5CxYsIDExkbZt25KXl0e1\nKxx8azKZ3BVRCJd65BH44w9VWlvmC4TXMjRLS0sz2rdvbxiGYSQkJBgJCQm273Xt2tXYsmXLZa9p\n3ry5AciHfMiHfMhHGT6aN29e6j1Zy5LUw4cP06BBA4qKinjssce45557eOyxx7BarQwYMIDU1FSy\ns7Pp3LkzGRkZ0lsQQogKoqVTu3DhQm6++WZCQ0Mxm8089thjAFgsFmJjY7FYLHTr1o3ExERpEIQQ\nogJ55eY1IYQQ7uF1018rV64kJCSE4OBgpk+frjtOiQYPHkzDhg2JiIjQHeWK9u/fT8eOHQkLCyM8\nPJzZs2frjlSiM2fO0KFDB1q1aoXFYmH06NG6I9lVWFhIVFQUPXr00B3FrsDAQFq2bElUVBTt27fX\nHceuY8eO8dBDDxEaGorFYmHLli26I10mLS2NqKgo20e9evU89t9RQkICYWFhREREMGDAAM6ePVvy\nE10zXVwxCgoKjObNmxuZmZlGfn6+ERkZaVitVt2xLvPjjz8a27dvN8LDw3VHuaKDBw8aO3bsMAzD\nMHJzc40WLVp45M/TMAzj5MmThmEYxrlz54wOHToY69ev15yoZLNmzTIGDBhg9OjRQ3cUuwIDA40j\nR47ojlGqgQMHGh988IFhGOrP/dixY5oTXVlhYaFxww03GL///rvuKJfJzMw0mjZtapw5c8YwDMOI\njY01PvrooxKf61U9hdTUVIKCgggMDMTf35/+/fvb9jt4kjvvvJOrPelUdztuuOEGWrVqBUDt2rUJ\nDQ0lJydHc6qSXXXVVQDk5+dTWFjINddcoznR5Q4cOMB3333HkCFDPL42l6fnO378OOvXr2fw4MEA\n+Pn5Ua9ePc2prmzNmjU0b96cxu4+dakc6tati7+/P6dOnaKgoIBTp04REBBQ4nO9qlHIzs6+6Acu\nm9tcJysrix07dtChQwfdUUpUVFREq1ataNiwIR07dsRiseiOdJnnn3+e119/nSoevinBZDLRuXNn\n2rZty/vvv687TokyMzNp0KABjz/+OK1bt2bo0KGcOnVKd6wrWrRoEQMGDNAdo0TXXHMNI0aMoEmT\nJtx4443Ur1+fzp07l/hcz/7bewlZieQeeXl5PPTQQ7z99tvUrl1bd5wSValShZ07d3LgwAF+/PFH\njysr8M0333D99dcTFRXl8b+Fb9y4kR07drBixQreffdd1q9frzvSZQoKCti+fTvx8fFs376dWrVq\nMW3aNN2x7MrPz2f58uX07dtXd5QS7du3j7feeousrCxycnLIy8vj888/L/G5XtUoBAQE2EpigJoo\nvbAshii7c+fO0adPHx555BEefPBB3XFKVa9ePe677z5++ukn3VEusmnTJpYtW0bTpk2Ji4vjhx9+\nYODAgbpjlahRo0YANGjQgF69enlkfTGz2YzZbKZdu3YAPPTQQ2zfvl1zKvtWrFhBmzZtaNCgge4o\nJfrpp5+47bbbuPbaa/Hz86N3795s2rSpxOd6VaPQtm1b0tPTycrKIj8/n6SkJHr27Kk7ltcyDIMn\nnngCi8XC8OHDdcex63//+x/Hjh0D4PTp06xevZqoqCjNqS42depU9u/fT2ZmJosWLeKee+7hk08+\n0R3rMqdOnbKVqj958iSrVq3yyFVyN9xwA40bN2bv3r2AGq8PCwvTnMq+hQsXEhcXpzuGXSEhIWzZ\nsoXTp09jGAZr1qyxPwRbQZPfLvPdd98ZLVq0MJo3b25MnTpVd5wS9e/f32jUqJFRrVo1w2w2GwsW\nLNAdqUTr1683TCaTERkZabRq1cpo1aqVsWLFCt2xLrNr1y4jKirKiIyMNCIiIowZM2bojnRFKSkp\nHrv66LfffjMiIyONyMhIIywszGP/DRmGYezcudNo27at0bJlS6NXr14eu/ooLy/PuPbaa40TJ07o\njnJF06dPNywWixEeHm4MHDjQyM/PL/F5snlNCCGEjVcNHwkhhHAvaRSEEELYSKMghBDCRhoFIYQQ\nNtIoCCGEsJFGQQghhI00CsKnubtsR2BgIEePHr3s8XXr1rF58+YSX7N8+XKPLfsuhJ/uAEK4k7vr\nZZlMphJrHa1du5Y6depw6623Xva9Hj16ePR5C6Jyk56CqHT27dtHt27daNu2LXfddRdpaWkAPPbY\nYzz33HPcfvvtNG/enCVLlgCqQmt8fDyhoaF06dKF++67z/Y9gDlz5tCmTRtatmxJWloaWVlZzJs3\njzfffJOoqCg2bNhw0fU/+ugjnnnmmSte80JZWVmEhITw+OOPc/PNN/Pwww+zatUqbr/9dlq0aMHW\nrVvd9aMSlZA0CqLS+cc//sGcOXP46aefeP3114mPj7d979ChQ2zcuJFvvvmGUaNGAfD111/zf//3\nf/zyyy98+umnbN68+aIeSIMGDdi2bRtPPfUUM2fOJDAwkH/+85+88MIL7NixgzvuuOOi61/aeynp\nmpfat28fL774Ir/++itpaWkkJSWxceNGZs6cydSpU131oxFCho9E5ZKXl8fmzZsvKnGcn58PqJt1\ncaXY0NBQ/vjjDwA2bNhAbGwsgO08hwv17t0bgNatW/P111/bHnekgoy9a16qadOmtoJwYWFhtlr4\n4eHhZGVllXodIRwljYKoVIqKiqhfvz47duwo8fvVqlWzfV58U7903uDSm3316tUBqFq1KgUFBWXO\nVNI1L1V8DVBnSxS/pkqVKuW6phD2yPCRqFTq1q1L06ZN+eqrrwB1E961a9cVX3P77bezZMkSDMPg\njz/+YN26daVep06dOrYS1ZeSGpTCk0mjIHzaqVOnaNy4se3jrbfe4vPPP+eDDz6gVatWhIeHs2zZ\nMtvzLxzvL/68T58+mM1mLBYLjz76KK1bty7xvGCTyWR7TY8ePVi6dClRUVFs3LjR7vPsXbOk97b3\ntZxIKFxJSmcL4YCTJ09Sq1Ytjhw5QocOHdi0aRPXX3+97lhCuJzMKQjhgPvvv59jx46Rn5/P+PHj\npUEQPkt6CkIIIWxkTkEIIYSNNApCCCFspFEQQghhI42CEEIIG2kUhBBC2EijIIQQwub/A4tFvTZr\nGhPHAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56e42f0>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 24

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.12,Page No.116"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "F_G=10 #KN #Force at Pt G\n",

-      "F_B=F_E=15 #KN #Force at Pt B & E\n",

-      "w=20 #KN/m #U.d.L\n",

-      "L_FG=L_EF=L_DE=L_CD=L_BC=L_AB=1 #m #Lengths of FG,EF,DE,CD,BC,AB respectively\n",

-      "L=6 #m #Length of beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#LEt R_F & R_A be the Reactions at E & A respectively\n",

-      "#R_F+R_A=60\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment At Pt A,M_A\n",

-      "R_F=(F_G*L+F_E*(L_AB+L_BC+L_CD+L_DE)+w*L_CD*(L_AB+L_BC+L_CD*2**-1)+F_B*L_AB)*(L_AB+L_BC+L_CD+L_DE+L_EF)**-1\n",

-      "R_A=60-R_F\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At G\n",

-      "V_G1=0 #KN \n",

-      "V_G2=F_G #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At F\n",

-      "V_F1=V_G2 #KN\n",

-      "V_F2=V_F1-R_F\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At E\n",

-      "V_E1=V_F2 #KN\n",

-      "V_E2=V_F2+F_E\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At D\n",

-      "V_D=V_E2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At C\n",

-      "V_C=V_E2+w*L_CD\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At B\n",

-      "V_B1=V_C\n",

-      "V_B2=V_B1+F_B\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At A\n",

-      "V_A1=V_B2\n",

-      "V_A2=V_B2-R_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At Pt G\n",

-      "M_G=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At F\n",

-      "M_F=F_G*L_FG \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At E\n",

-      "M_E=F_G*(L_FG+L_EF)-R_F*L_EF\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At D\n",

-      "M_D=F_G*(L_FG+L_EF+L_DE)-R_F*(L_EF+L_DE)+F_E*L_DE\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At C\n",

-      "M_C=F_G*(L_FG+L_EF+L_DE+L_CD)-R_F*(L_EF+L_DE+L_CD)+F_E*(L_DE+L_CD)+w*L_CD*L_CD*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At B\n",

-      "M_B=F_G*(L_FG+L_EF+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC)-R_F*(L_EF+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC)+F_E*(L_DE+L_CD+L_BC)+w*L_CD*(L_CD*2**-1+L_BC)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At A\n",

-      "M_A=F_G*L-R_F*(L_EF+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC+L_AB)+F_E*(L_DE+L_CD+L_BC+L_AB)+F_B*L_AB+w*L_CD*(L_CD*2**-1+L_BC+L_AB)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,0,L_FG,L_FG,L_FG+L_EF,L_FG+L_EF,L_FG+L_EF+L_DE,L_FG+L_EF+L_DE+L_CD,L_FG+L_EF+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC,L_FG+L_EF+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC,L_FG+L_EF+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC+L_AB,L_FG+L_EF+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC+L_AB]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_G1,V_G2,V_F1,V_F2,V_E1,V_E2,V_D,V_C,V_B1,V_B2,V_A1,V_A2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_FG,L_EF+L_FG,L_EF+L_FG+L_DE,L_EF+L_FG+L_DE+L_CD,L_EF+L_FG+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC,L_EF+L_FG+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC+L_AB]\n",

-      "Y2=[M_G,M_F,M_E,M_D,M_C,M_B,M_A]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Lenght in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56de6d0>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

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Xmnfs2FFmtKCkEJzUi0GscPq0cWr5xRehc2ero3GPW0khMTHxghf+9ttvqx1Y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\nkcIBAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x56d6490>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 25

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 3.3.13,Page No.117"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "L_AB=L_BC=L_CD=L_DE=L_EF=1 #m #LEngth of AB,BC,CD,DE,EF respectively\n",

-      "M_A=50 #KN/m #Moment at A\n",

-      "w=5 #KN/m #u.v.l\n",

-      "F_D=10 #KN\n",

-      "w2=5 #KN/m #u.d.l\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let R_B & R_E be the Reactions at B and E respectively\n",

-      "#R_B+R_E=20\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment At Pt B,M_B\n",

-      "R_E=(w2*L_EF*(L_EF*2**-1+L_DE+L_CD+L_BC)+w*L_BC*2**-1*2*3**-1+50+F_D*(L_BC+L_CD))*3**-1\n",

-      "R_B=17.5-R_E #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At F\n",

-      "V_F=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F aT E\n",

-      "V_E1=-w2*L_EF #KN\n",

-      "V_E2=V_E1+R_E\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F at D\n",

-      "V_D1=R_E-w2*L_EF #KN\n",

-      "V_D2=V_D1-F_D #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F At C\n",

-      "V_C=V_D2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#S.F aT B\n",

-      "V_B1=-L_BC*w*2**-1-F_D+R_E-w2*L_EF\n",

-      "V_B2=V_B1+R_B\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M at F\n",

-      "M_F=0 #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At E\n",

-      "M_E=w2*L_EF*L_EF*2**-1 #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M at D\n",

-      "M_D=-R_E*L_DE+w2*L_EF*(L_EF*2**-1+L_DE) #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At C\n",

-      "M_C=F_D*L_CD*R_E*(L_CD+L_DE)+w2*L_EF*(L_EF*2**-1+L_DE+L_CD) #KN.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At B\n",

-      "M_B=F_D*(L_CD+L_BC)-R_E*(L_BC+L_CD+L_DE)+w2*L_EF*(L_EF*2**-1+L_BC+L_CD+L_DE)+1*2**-1*L_BC*w*2*3**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M At A\n",

-      "M_A1=w*L_EF*(L_EF*2**-1+L_AB+L_BC+L_CD+L_DE)-R_E*(L_AB+L_BC+L_CD+L_DE)+F_D*(L_AB+L_BC+L_CD)+1*2**-1*L_BC*w*(2*3**-1*L_BC+L_AB)-R_B*L_AB\n",

-      "M_A2=M_A1+M_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,L_EF,L_EF,L_DE+L_EF,L_DE+L_EF,L_CD+L_DE+L_EF,L_CD+L_DE+L_EF+L_BC,L_CD+L_DE+L_EF+L_BC]\n",

-      "Y1=[V_F,V_E1,V_E2,V_D1,V_D2,V_C,V_B1,V_B2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Bendimg Moment Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X2=[0,L_EF,L_DE+L_EF,L_CD+L_DE+L_EF,L_CD+L_DE+L_EF+L_BC,L_CD+L_DE+L_EF+L_BC+L_AB,L_CD+L_DE+L_EF+L_BC+L_AB]\n",

-      "Y2=[M_F,M_E,M_D,M_C,M_B,M_A1,M_A2]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Bending Moment in kN.m\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x565ba30>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

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LlixREhMTLY8fMWKEsm/fvjuex4ZfSQi7euUVRXnxRa1TuIdr1xRFr1eUb77R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\nQmCC\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x565e970>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 26

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_4.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_4.ipynb
index 0e961ce4..5fd8e786 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_4.ipynb
+++ b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_4.ipynb
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -101,6 +102,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -164,59 +166,45 @@
       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

-      "#Plate dimensions\n",

-      "b1=240 #mm\n",

-      "d1=12 #mm\n",

+      "#Flanges Dimension\n",

+      "b1=180 #mm #Width\n",

+      "d1=10 #mm #Thickness\n",

       "\n",

-      "#Flange Dimensions\n",

-      "b2=180 #mm\n",

-      "d2=10 #mm\n",

+      "D=500 #mm #Overall depth\n",

+      "t=8 #mm #Thickness of web\n",

       "\n",

-      "#web\n",

-      "b3=8 #mm\n",

-      "d3=480 #mm\n",

+      "#Plate Dimensions\n",

+      "b2=240 #mm #Width\n",

+      "t2=12 #mm #Thickness\n",

       "\n",

-      "D=500 #mm\n",

       "sigma=150 #N/mm**2 #Stress\n",

       "L=3000 #mm #span\n",

       "\n",

       "#Calculations\n",

       "\n",

+      "#Distance of centroid from bottom fibre\n",

+      "y_bar=(b2*t2*(D+t2*2**-1)+b1*d1*(D-t1*2**-1)+(D-2*t1)*t*D*2**-1+(b1*t1*t1*2**-1))*(b2*t2+b1*d1+b1*d1+(D-2*d1)*t)**-1\n",

       "\n",

+      "#M.I of section\n",

+      "I=(1*12**-1*b2*t2**3+b2*t2*(D+t2*2**-1-y_bar)**2+1*12**-1*b1*d1**3+b1*d1*(D-t1*2**-1-y_bar)**2+1*12**-1*b1*t1**3+b1*t1*(t1*2**-1-y_bar)**2+1*12**-1*t*(D-2*t1)**3+t*(D-2*t1)*(D*2**-1-y_bar)**2)\n",

       "\n",

-      "#C.G of plate\n",

-      "y_bar1=(b1*d1*(d1*2**-1+D))*(b1*d1)**-1 #m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#C.G of top flange\n",

-      "y_bar2=(b2*d2*(D-d2*2**-1))*(b2*d2)**-1 #m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#C.G of web\n",

-      "y_bar3=(b3*d3*(d3*2**-1+d2))*(b3*d3)**-1 #m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#C.G of bottom flange\n",

-      "y_bar4=(b2*d2*(d2*2**-1))*(b2*d2)**-1 #m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#C.G of Body \n",

-      "Y=((b1*d1*(d1*2**-1+D))+(b2*d2*(D-d2*2**-1))+(b3*d3*(d3*2**-1+d2))+(b2*d2*(d2*2**-1)))*((b1*d1)+(b2*d2)+(b3*d3)+(b2*d2))**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Inertia\n",

-      "I1=(1*12**-1*b1*d1**3+b1*d1*(d1*2**-1-round(Y,3)+D)**2) #mm**4\n",

-      "I2=(1*12**-1*b2*d2**3+b2*d2*(D-d2*2**-1-round(Y,3))**2)  #mm**4\n",

-      "I3=(1*12**-1*b3*d3**3+b3*d3*(d3*2**-1-round(Y,3))**2) #mm**4\n",

-      "I4=(1*12**-1*b2*d2**3+b2*d2*(round(Y,3)-d2*2**-1)**2) #mm**4\n",

-      "I=(I1+I2+I3+I4)*10**-8 #mm*4\n",

+      "#Section Modulus\n",

+      "Z=I*(y_bar)**-1 #mm**3\n",

       "\n",

-      "#Moment of resistance\n",

-      "MR=sigma*I*Y**-1\n",

+      "#Moment or Resistance\n",

+      "M=sigma*Z\n",

       "\n",

-      "#MaX mOMENT PRODUCED after simplifying we get\n",

-      "#MM=4.5*w\n",

+      "#Let Load on Cantilever be w/m Length \n",

+      "#Max M.I produced\n",

+      "#M_max=w*L**2**-1 \n",

       "\n",

-      "#After equating Moment of resistance to max moment we get\n",

-      "w=198.769*4.5**-1 #KN-m\n",

+      "#Now Equating Moment of resistance to Max moment,we get Max load\n",

+      "#4.5*w=M\n",

+      "#After rearranging and further simplifying we get\n",

+      "w=M*4.5**-1*10**3*10**-9\n",

       "\n",

       "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Moment of Resistance is\",round(MR,2),\"KN-mm\"\n",

+      "print\"Moment of Resistance is\",round(M,2),\"KN-mm\"\n",

       "print\"Load the section can carry is\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\""

      ],

      "language": "python",

@@ -226,12 +214,12 @@
        "output_type": "stream",

        "stream": "stdout",

        "text": [

-        "Moment of Resistance is 2.02 KN-mm\n",

+        "Moment of Resistance is 198770121.83 KN-mm\n",

         "Load the section can carry is 44.171 KN/m\n"

        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 32

+     "prompt_number": 26

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -246,6 +234,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -307,7 +296,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

+     "prompt_number": 16

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -322,7 +311,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

-      "from scipy.integrate import *\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -352,25 +341,40 @@
       "#Let M be the Moment of resistance\n",

       "#M=y*250**-1*sigma_max*b*dy*y\n",

       "\n",

-      "#Moment of Resistance of top flange after simplification we gget\n",

-      "#M.R=2258333.3*f\n",

+      "#Moment of Resistance of top flange be M1\n",

+      "def integrand(y, b, D):\n",

+      "     return b*y**2*D**-1\n",

+      "b=200 \n",

+      "D=250\n",

+      "\n",

+      "X = quad(integrand, 225, 250, args=(b,D))\n",

+      "\n",

+      "Y=2*X[0]\n",

       "\n",

-      "#M.I of I section\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*(b*D1**3-180*d**3)*10**-8\n",

+      "#M1=Y*sigma\n",

       "\n",

-      "#Moment acting on section \n",

-      "#After simplifying we get\n",

-      "#M=2865833.3*f\n",

+      "#Now Moment of Inertia I section is\n",

+      "X=b*D1**3\n",

+      "Y=(b-t2)*d**3\n",

+      "I=(X-Y)*12**-1*10**-8\n",

       "\n",

-      "#Percentage moment resistance\n",

-      "M1=2258333.3*2865833.3**-1*100\n",

+      "#Moment acting on the entire section\n",

+      "#since sigmais the value at y=250\n",

+      "y_max=250\n",

+      "Z=I*10**8*y_max**-1\n",

+      "#M=sigma*Z   \n",

+      "#After Simplifying Further we get\n",

+      "#M2=Z*sigma\n",

       "\n",

-      "#Percentage moment resisted by web\n",

-      "M2=100-M1\n",

+      "#Percentage Moment resisted by Flanges\n",

+      "P1=2258333.3*(2865833.3)**-1*100\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Percentage Moment resisted by web\n",

+      "P2=100-P1\n",

       "\n",

       "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Percentage Moment resisted by Flanges\",round(M1,2),\"%\"\n",

-      "print\"Percentage Moment resisted by web\",round(M2,2),\"%\""

+      "print\"Percentage Moment resisted by Flanges\",round(P1,2),\"%\"\n",

+      "print\"Percentage Moment resisted by web\",round(P2,2),\"%\""

      ],

      "language": "python",

      "metadata": {},

@@ -384,7 +388,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 26

+     "prompt_number": 38

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -399,6 +403,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -474,7 +479,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

+     "prompt_number": 25

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -489,6 +494,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -538,7 +544,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

+     "prompt_number": 30

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -553,6 +559,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -629,7 +636,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

+     "prompt_number": 26

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -644,6 +651,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -702,7 +710,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

+     "prompt_number": 28

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -717,6 +725,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "H=10 #mm #Height\n",

@@ -781,7 +790,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

+     "prompt_number": 4

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -796,6 +805,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -848,7 +858,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

+     "prompt_number": 23

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -863,6 +873,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -914,7 +925,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

+     "prompt_number": 17

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -929,6 +940,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -993,7 +1005,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

+     "prompt_number": 4

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1008,6 +1020,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1053,7 +1066,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

+     "prompt_number": 6

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1068,6 +1081,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "%matplotlib inline\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

@@ -1145,11 +1159,11 @@
        "output_type": "display_data",

        "png": 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dSnJyMjt37sThcBAcHMycOXPKfHwRTxYRARs3mgK29HRT2awCNrFTsS2E/v37s3r1aoKC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\niIgIoIQgIiLnKCGIiAighCAiIuf8f5wqyy9KzUKHAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

        "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5020390>"

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x4e02350>"

        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 16

+     "prompt_number": 5

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1164,6 +1178,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "%matplotlib  inline\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

@@ -1242,11 +1257,11 @@
        "output_type": "display_data",

        "png": 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2vPfee7Ro0cKdZYiIyEXcPmq/YsWKLFy4kD59+pCXl8e4ceMUBCIiNvPIGcgi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\n/w/qZz1xEBCKMwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",

        "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5857ff0>"

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x55ed710>"

        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

+     "prompt_number": 6

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1261,6 +1276,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1308,7 +1324,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 18

+     "prompt_number": 7

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1323,6 +1339,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1363,7 +1380,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

+     "prompt_number": 8

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1378,6 +1395,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1437,7 +1455,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 20

+     "prompt_number": 9

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1452,6 +1470,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1503,7 +1522,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 21

+     "prompt_number": 10

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1518,6 +1537,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1566,7 +1586,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 22

+     "prompt_number": 11

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -1581,6 +1601,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1631,7 +1652,7 @@
        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 23

+     "prompt_number": 12

     }

    ],

    "metadata": {}

diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_4_bpjW9g2.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_4_bpjW9g2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5fd8e786..00000000
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_4_bpjW9g2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1661 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "chapter 4.ipynb"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 4:Stresses in Beams"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.1,Page no.130"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=5000 #mm #Length of Beam\n",

-      "a=2000 #mm #Length of start of beam to Pt Load\n",

-      "b=3000 #mm #Length of Pt load to end of beam\n",

-      "A=150*250 #m**2 #Area of beam  \n",

-      "b=150 #mm #Width of beam\n",

-      "d=250 #mm #Depth of beam\n",

-      "sigma=10#N/mm**2 #stress\n",

-      "l=2000 #m #Load applied from one end\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Inertia\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b*d**3 #m**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Distance from N.A to end\n",

-      "y_max=d*2**-1 #m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Section Modulus\n",

-      "Z=1*6**-1*b*d**2 #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment Carrying Capacity\n",

-      "M=sigma*Z #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let w be the Intensity of the Load in N/m,then Max moment\n",

-      "#M_max=w*L**2*8**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#M_max=w*25*100*8**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#EQuating it to moment carrying capacity,we get max intensity load\n",

-      "w=M*(25*1000)**-1*8*10**-3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Part-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let P be the concentrated load,then max moment occurs under the load and its value\n",

-      "#M1=P*a*b*L**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Equting it to moment carrying capacity we get\n",

-      "P=M*1200**-1*10**-3 #N\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max Intensity of u.d.l it can carry\",round(w,3),\"KN-m\"\n",

-      "print\"MAx concentrated Load P apllied at 2 m from one end is\",round(P,3),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max Intensity of u.d.l it can carry 5.0 KN-m\n",

-        "MAx concentrated Load P apllied at 2 m from one end is 13.021 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.2,Page no.131"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=70 #mm #External Diameter\n",

-      "t=8 #mm #Thickness of pipe\n",

-      "L=2500 #mm #span \n",

-      "sigma=150 #N/mm**2 #stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Internal Diameter \n",

-      "d=D-2*t #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I Of Pipe\n",

-      "I=pi*64**-1*(D**4-d**4) #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "y_max=D*2**-1 #mm\n",

-      "Z=I*(y_max)**-1 #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment Carrying capacity\n",

-      "M=sigma*Z #N*mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max moment int the beam occurs at the mid-span and is equal to\n",

-      "#m=P*L*4**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Equating Max moment to moment carrying capacity we get,\n",

-      "#M=P*2.5*L*4**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting and simplifying we get\n",

-      "P=4*M*(L)**-1*10**-3 #N\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max concentrated load that can be applied at the centre of span is\",round(P,3),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max concentrated load that can be applied at the centre of span is 5.22 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.3,Page no.132"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flanges Dimension\n",

-      "b1=180 #mm #Width\n",

-      "d1=10 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=500 #mm #Overall depth\n",

-      "t=8 #mm #Thickness of web\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plate Dimensions\n",

-      "b2=240 #mm #Width\n",

-      "t2=12 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "sigma=150 #N/mm**2 #Stress\n",

-      "L=3000 #mm #span\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Distance of centroid from bottom fibre\n",

-      "y_bar=(b2*t2*(D+t2*2**-1)+b1*d1*(D-t1*2**-1)+(D-2*t1)*t*D*2**-1+(b1*t1*t1*2**-1))*(b2*t2+b1*d1+b1*d1+(D-2*d1)*t)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I of section\n",

-      "I=(1*12**-1*b2*t2**3+b2*t2*(D+t2*2**-1-y_bar)**2+1*12**-1*b1*d1**3+b1*d1*(D-t1*2**-1-y_bar)**2+1*12**-1*b1*t1**3+b1*t1*(t1*2**-1-y_bar)**2+1*12**-1*t*(D-2*t1)**3+t*(D-2*t1)*(D*2**-1-y_bar)**2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Section Modulus\n",

-      "Z=I*(y_bar)**-1 #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment or Resistance\n",

-      "M=sigma*Z\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let Load on Cantilever be w/m Length \n",

-      "#Max M.I produced\n",

-      "#M_max=w*L**2**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Equating Moment of resistance to Max moment,we get Max load\n",

-      "#4.5*w=M\n",

-      "#After rearranging and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "w=M*4.5**-1*10**3*10**-9\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Moment of Resistance is\",round(M,2),\"KN-mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Load the section can carry is\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Moment of Resistance is 198770121.83 KN-mm\n",

-        "Load the section can carry is 44.171 KN/m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 26

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.4,Page no.134"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flange (Top)\n",

-      "b1=80 #mm #Width \n",

-      "t1=40 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flange (Bottom)\n",

-      "b2=160 #mm #width\n",

-      "t2=40 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#web\n",

-      "d=120 #mm #Depth\n",

-      "t3=20 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=200 #mm #Overall Depth\n",

-      "sigma1=30 #N/mm**2 #Tensile stress\n",

-      "sigma2=90 #N/mm**2 #Compressive stress\n",

-      "L=6000 #mm #Span\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Distance of centroid from bottom fibre\n",

-      "y_bar=(b1*t1*(D-t1*2**-1)+d*t3*(d*2**-1+t2)+b2*t2*t2*2**-1)*(b1*t1+d*t3+b2*t2)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Inertia\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b1*t1**3+b1*t1*(D-t1*2**-1-round(y_bar,2))**2+1*12**-1*t3*d**3+t3*d*(d*2**-1+t2-round(y_bar,2))**2+1*12**-1*b2*t2**3+b2*t2*(t2*2**-1-round(y_bar,2))**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Extreme fibre distance of top and bottom fibres are y_t and y_c respectively\n",

-      "\n",

-      "y_t=y_bar #mm\n",

-      "y_c=D-y_bar #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment carrying capacity considering Tensile strength \n",

-      "M1=sigma1*I*y_t**-1*10**-6  #KN-m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment carrying capacity considering compressive strength \n",

-      "M2=sigma2*I*y_c**-1*10**-6  #KN-m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Bending moment in simply supported beam 6 m due to u.d.l\n",

-      "#M_max=w*L*10**-3*8**-1\n",

-      "#After simplifying further we get\n",

-      "#M_max=4.5*w\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Equating it to Moment carrying capacity, we get load carrying capacity\n",

-      "w=M1*4.5**-1 #KN/m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max Uniformly Distributed Load is\",round(w,3),\"KN/m\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max Uniformly Distributed Load is 5.096 KN/m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 16

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.5,Page no.136"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flanges\n",

-      "b=200 #mm #Width\n",

-      "t=25 #mm #Thickness \n",

-      "\n",

-      "D1=500 #mm #Overall Depth\n",

-      "t2=20 #mm #Thickness of web\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=450 #mm #Depth of web\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Consider,Element of Thickness \"y\" at Distance \"dy\" from N.A \n",

-      "#Let Bending stress \"sigma_max\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress on the element \n",

-      "#sigma=y*(D*2**-1)*sigma_max   ..............(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area of Element\n",

-      "#A=b*dy       .................................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Force on Element \n",

-      "#F=y*250**-1*sigma_max*b*dy\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let M be the Moment of resistance\n",

-      "#M=y*250**-1*sigma_max*b*dy*y\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Resistance of top flange be M1\n",

-      "def integrand(y, b, D):\n",

-      "     return b*y**2*D**-1\n",

-      "b=200 \n",

-      "D=250\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X = quad(integrand, 225, 250, args=(b,D))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Y=2*X[0]\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M1=Y*sigma\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Moment of Inertia I section is\n",

-      "X=b*D1**3\n",

-      "Y=(b-t2)*d**3\n",

-      "I=(X-Y)*12**-1*10**-8\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment acting on the entire section\n",

-      "#since sigmais the value at y=250\n",

-      "y_max=250\n",

-      "Z=I*10**8*y_max**-1\n",

-      "#M=sigma*Z   \n",

-      "#After Simplifying Further we get\n",

-      "#M2=Z*sigma\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Percentage Moment resisted by Flanges\n",

-      "P1=2258333.3*(2865833.3)**-1*100\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Percentage Moment resisted by web\n",

-      "P2=100-P1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Percentage Moment resisted by Flanges\",round(P1,2),\"%\"\n",

-      "print\"Percentage Moment resisted by web\",round(P2,2),\"%\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Percentage Moment resisted by Flanges 78.8 %\n",

-        "Percentage Moment resisted by web 21.2 %\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 38

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.6,Page no.137"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flanges\n",

-      "b1=200 #mm #Width\n",

-      "t1=10 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Web\n",

-      "d=380 #mm #Depth \n",

-      "t2=8 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=400 #mm #Overall Depth\n",

-      "sigma=150 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area\n",

-      "A=b1*t1+d*t2+b1*t1 #mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Inertia\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*(b1*D**3-(b1-t2)*d**3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment\n",

-      "M=sigma*I*(D*2**-1)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Square Section\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let 'a' be the side\n",

-      "a=A**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Resistance of this section\n",

-      "M1=1*6**-1*a*a**2*sigma\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X=M*M1**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Rectangular section\n",

-      "#Let 'a' be the side and depth be 2*a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "a=(A*2**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Rectangular secction\n",

-      "M2=1*6**-1*a*(2*a)**2*sigma\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X2=M*M2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Circular section\n",

-      "#A=pi*d1**2*4**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d1=(A*4*pi**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of circular section\n",

-      "M3=pi*32**-1*d1**3*sigma\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X3=M*M3**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Moment of resistance of beam section\",round(M,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Moment of resistance of square section\",round(X,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Moment of resistance of rectangular section\",round(X2,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Moment of resistance of circular section\",round(X3,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Moment of resistance of beam section 141536000.0 mm\n",

-        "Moment of resistance of square section 9.58 mm\n",

-        "Moment of resistance of rectangular section 6.78 mm\n",

-        "Moment of resistance of circular section 11.33 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 25

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.7,Page no.139"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "F=12 #KN #Force at End of beam\n",

-      "L=2 #m #span\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Square section \n",

-      "b=d=200 #mm #Width and depth of beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Rectangular section\n",

-      "b1=150 #mm #Width\n",

-      "d1=300 #mm #Depth\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max bending Moment\n",

-      "M=F*L*10**6 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M=sigma*b*d**2\n",

-      "sigma=M*6*(b*d**2)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let W be the central concentrated Load in simply supported beam of span L1=3 m\n",

-      "#MAx Moment\n",

-      "#M1=W*L1*4**-1\n",

-      "#After Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#M1=0.75*10**6 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#The section has  a moment of resistance\n",

-      "M1=sigma*1*6**-1*b1*d1**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Equating it to moment of resistance we get max load W\n",

-      "#0.75*10**6*W=M1\n",

-      "#After Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "W=M1*(0.75*10**6)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Minimum Concentrated Load required to brek the beam\",round(W,2),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Minimum Concentrated Load required to brek the beam 54.0 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 30

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.8,Page no.140"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=3 #m #span\n",

-      "sigma_t=35 #N/mm**2 #Permissible stress in tension\n",

-      "sigma_c=90 #N/mm**2 #Permissible stress in compression\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flanges\n",

-      "t=30 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "d=250 #mm #Depth\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Web\n",

-      "t2=25 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "b=600 #mm #Width\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let y_bar be the Distance of N.A from Extreme Fibres\n",

-      "y_bar=(t*d*d*2**-1*2+(b-2*t)*t2*t2*2**-1)*(t*d*2+(b-2*t)*t2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Inertia\n",

-      "I=(1*12**-1*t*d**3+t*d*(d*2**-1-y_bar)**2)*2+1*12**-1*(b-2*t)*t2**3+(b-2*t)*t2*(t2*2**-1-y_bar)**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Part-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#If web is in Tension\n",

-      "y_t=y_bar #mm\n",

-      "y_c=d-y_bar #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment carrying caryying capacity From consideration of tensile stress\n",

-      "M=sigma_t*I*(y_bar)**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment carrying caryying capacity From consideration of compressive stress\n",

-      "M1=sigma_c*I*(y_c)**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#If w KN/m is u.d.l in beam,Max bending moment\n",

-      "#M=wl**2*8**-1\n",

-      "#After further simplifyng we get\n",

-      "#M=1.125*w*10**6 N-mm\n",

-      "w=M*(1.125*10**6)**-1 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Part-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#If web is in compression\n",

-      "y_t2=178.299 #mm\n",

-      "y_c2=71.71 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment carrying caryying capacity From consideration of tensile stress\n",

-      "M2=sigma_t*I*(y_t2)**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment carrying caryying capacity From consideration of compressive stress\n",

-      "M3=sigma_c*I*(y_c2)**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of resistance is M2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Equating it to bending moment we get\n",

-      "#M2=1.125*10**6*w2\n",

-      "#After further simplifyng we get\n",

-      "w2=M2*(1.125*10**6)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Uniformly Distributed Load carrying capacity if:web is in Tension\",round(w,2),\"KN\"\n",

-      "print\"                                               :web is in compression\",round(w2,3),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Uniformly Distributed Load carrying capacity if:web is in Tension 73.21 KN\n",

-        "                                               :web is in compression 29.446 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 26

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.9,Page no.141"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "b1=200 #mm #Width at base\n",

-      "b2=100 #mm #Width at top\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=8 #m Length\n",

-      "P=500 #N #Load\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Consider a section at y metres from top\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At this section diameter d is\n",

-      "#d=b2+y*L**-1*(b1-b2)\n",

-      "#After Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#d=b2+12.5*y #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Inertia\n",

-      "#I=pi*64**-1*d**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Section Modulus \n",

-      "#Z=pi*32**-1*(b1+12.5*y)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment \n",

-      "#M=5*10**5*y #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let sigma be the fibre stress at this section then\n",

-      "#M=sigma*Z\n",

-      "#After sub values in above equation and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#sigma=5*10**5*32*pi**-1*y*((b2+12.5*y)**3)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#For sigma to be Max,d(sigma)*(dy)**-1=0\n",

-      "#16*10**6*pi**-1*((b2+12.5*y)**-3+y*(-3)*(b2+12.5*y)**-4*12.5)\n",

-      "#After Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#b2+12.5*y=37.5*y\n",

-      "#After Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "y=b2*25**-1 #m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress at this section\n",

-      "sigma=5*10**5*32*pi**-1*y*((b2+12.5*y)**3)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stress at Extreme Fibre is max\",round(y,2),\"m\"\n",

-      "print\"Max stress is\",round(sigma,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stress at Extreme Fibre is max 4.0 m\n",

-        "Max stress is 6.04 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 28

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.10,Page no.143"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "H=10 #mm #Height\n",

-      "A1=160*160 #mm**2 #area of square section at bottom\n",

-      "L1=160 #mm #Length of square section at bottom\n",

-      "b1=160 #mm #width of square section at bottom\n",

-      "A2=80*80 #mm**2 #area of square section at top\n",

-      "L2=80 #mm #Length of square section at top\n",

-      "b2=80 #mm #Width of square section at top\n",

-      "P=100 #N #Pull\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Consider a section at distance y from top.\n",

-      "#Let the side of square bar be 'a'\n",

-      "#a=L2+y*(H)**-1*(b1-b2)\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#a=L2+8*y\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Inertia\n",

-      "#I=2*1*12**-1*a*(2)**0.5*(a*((2)**0.5)**-1)**3\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#I=a**4*12**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Section Modulus \n",

-      "#Z=a**4*(12*a*(2)**0.5)**-1\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#Z=2**0.5*a**3*(12)**-1 #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending moment at this section=100*y N-mm\n",

-      "#M=100*10**3*y #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#But\n",

-      "#M=sigma*Z\n",

-      "#After sub values in above equation we get\n",

-      "#sigma=M*Z**-1\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#sigma=1200*10**3*(2**0.5)**-1*y*((80+80*y)**3)**-1 .......(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#For Max stress df*(dy)**-1=0\n",

-      "#After taking Derivative of above equation we get\n",

-      "#df*(dy)**-1=1200*10**3*(2**0.5)**-1*((80+8*y)**-3+y(-3)*(80+8*y)**-4*8)\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "y=80*16**-1 #m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max stress at this level is\n",

-      "sigma=1200*10**3*(2**0.5)**-1*y*((80+8*y)**3)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max Bending stress is Developed at\",round(y,3),\"m\"\n",

-      "print\"Value of Max Bending stress is\",round(sigma,3),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max Bending stress is Developed at 5.0 m\n",

-        "Value of Max Bending stress is 2.455 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.12,Page no.147"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "b=200 #mm #Width of timber \n",

-      "d=400 #mm #Depth of timber\n",

-      "t=6 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "b2=200 #mm #width of steel plate\n",

-      "t2=20 #mm #Thickness of steel plate\n",

-      "M=40*10**6 #KN-mm #Moment\n",

-      "#Let E_s*E_t**-1=X\n",

-      "X=20 #Ratio of Modulus of steel to timber\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#let y_bar be the Distance of centroidfrom bottom most fibre\n",

-      "y_bar=(b*d*(b+t)+t2*b2*t*t*2**-1)*(b*d+t2*b2*t)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Inertia\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b*d**3+b*d*(b+t-round(y_bar,3))**2+1*12**-1*t2*b2*t**3+b2*t2*t*(round(y_bar,3)-t*2**-1)**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#distance of the top fibre from N-A\n",

-      "y_1=d+t-y_bar #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Distance of the junction of timber and steel From N-A\n",

-      "y_2=y_bar-t #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in Timber at the top\n",

-      "Y=M*I**-1*y_1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress in the Timber at the junction point\n",

-      "Z=M*I**-1*y_2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Coressponding stress in steel at the junction point\n",

-      "Z2=X*Z #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#The stress in Extreme steel fibre \n",

-      "Z3=X*M*I**-1*y_bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stress in Extreme steel Fibre\",round(Z3,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stress in Extreme steel Fibre 69.67 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 23

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.13,Page no.149"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Timber size\n",

-      "b=150 #mm #Width\n",

-      "d=300 #mm #Depth\n",

-      "\n",

-      "t=6 #mm #Thickness of steel plate\n",

-      "l=6 #m #Span\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#E_s*E_t**-1=20 \n",

-      "#m=E_s*E_t**-1\n",

-      "m=20 \n",

-      "sigma_timber=8 #N/mm**2  #Stress in timber\n",

-      "sigma_steel=150 #N/mm**2 #Stress in steel plate\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let m*t=Y\n",

-      "Y=m*t #mm\n",

-      "L=(2*t+b)*m #mm #Width of flitched beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Due to  synnetry cenroid,the neutral axis is half the depth\n",

-      "I=(1*12**-1*L*t**3+L*t*(b+t*2**-1)**2)*2+1*12**-1*(Y+b+Y)*d**3 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "y_max1=150 #mm #For timber\n",

-      "y_max2=156 #mm #For steel\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#stress in steel\n",

-      "f_t1=1*m**-1*sigma_steel #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of resistance\n",

-      "M=f_t1*(I*y_max2**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#load\n",

-      "w=8*M*(l**2)**-1*10**-6 #KN/m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Load beam can carry is\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Load beam can carry is 19.1 KN/m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.14,Page no.151"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=6000 #mm #Span of beam\n",

-      "W=20*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "sigma=8 #N/mm**2 #Stress\n",

-      "b=200 #mm #Width of section\n",

-      "d=300 #mm #Depth of section\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#let x be the distance from left side of beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending moment\n",

-      "#M=W*2**-1*x #Nmm   .......(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#But M=sigma*Z   ..........(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Equating equation 1 and 2 we get\n",

-      "#W*2**-1*x=sigma*Z    ............(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Section Modulus \n",

-      "#Z=1*6*b*d**2   ...............(4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Equating equation 3 and 4 we get\n",

-      "#b*d**2=3*W*x*sigma**-1 .............(5)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Beam of uniform strength of constant depth\n",

-      "#b=3*W*x*(sigma*d**2)    \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#When x=0\n",

-      "b=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#When x=L*2**-1\n",

-      "b2=3*W*L*(2*sigma*d**2)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Beam with constant width of 200 mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#We have\n",

-      "#d=(3*W*x*(sigma*d)**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "#thus depth varies as (x)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#when x=0\n",

-      "d1=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#when x=L*2**-1\n",

-      "d2=(3*W*L*(2*sigma*200)**-1)**0.5 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Cross section of rectangular beam is:\",round(b2,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                                    :\",round(d2,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Cross section of rectangular beam is: 250.0 mm\n",

-        "                                    : 335.41 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.15,Page no.154"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=800 #mm #Span\n",

-      "n=5 #number of leaves\n",

-      "b=60 #mm #Width\n",

-      "t=10 #mm #thickness\n",

-      "sigma=250 #N/mm**2 #Stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#section Modulus\n",

-      "Z=n*6**-1*b*t**2 #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#from the relation\n",

-      "#sigma*Z=M   ...................(1)\n",

-      "#M=P*L*4**-1\n",

-      "#sub values of M in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "P=sigma*Z*4*L**-1*10**-3 #KN #Load\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Length of Leaves\n",

-      "L1=0.2*L #mm\n",

-      "L2=0.4*L #mm\n",

-      "L3=0.6*L #mm\n",

-      "L4=0.8*L #mm\n",

-      "L5=L #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max Load it can take is\",round(P,2),\"KN\"\n",

-      "print\"Length of leaves:L1\",round(L1,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                :L2\",round(L2,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max Load it can take is 6.25 KN\n",

-        "Length of leaves:L1 160.0 mm\n",

-        "                :L2 320.0 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.16,Page no.161"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "%matplotlib inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "F=20*10**3 #N #Shear Force\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Tee section\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flange\n",

-      "b=100 #mm #Width\n",

-      "t=12 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Web\n",

-      "d=88 #mm #Depth\n",

-      "t2=12 #mm #Thicknes\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=100 #mm #Overall Depth\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Distance of C.G from Top Fibre\n",

-      "y=(b*t*t*2**-1+t2*d*(d*2**-1+t))*(b*t+d*t2)**-1 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment Of Inertia\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b*t**3+b*t*(y-t*2**-1)**2+1*12**-1*t2*d**3+t2*d*(t+d*2**-1-y)**2 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#shear stress at bottom Flange\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area above this level\n",

-      "A=b*t #mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#C.G of this area from N-A\n",

-      "y2=y-t*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress at bottom of flange\n",

-      "sigma=F*A*y2*(b*I)**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#sigma2 at same level but in web where width is 12 mm\n",

-      "sigma2=F*A*y2*(t2*I)**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#To find shear stress at N-A\n",

-      "X=t*b*(y-t*2**-1)+t2*(y-t2)*(y-t2)*2**-1 #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "sigma3=F*X*(t2*I)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress at top and bottom fibre is zero\n",

-      "#sigma4 and sigma5 are top and bottom fibre shear stress\n",

-      "sigma4=sigma5=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,t,t,y,D]\n",

-      "Y1=[sigma4,sigma,sigma2,sigma3,sigma5]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in m\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in kN\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams are the results\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x4e02350>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.17,Page no.163"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "F=40*10**3 #N #shear Force\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#I-section\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flanges\n",

-      "b=80 #mm #Width of flange\n",

-      "t=20 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Web\n",

-      "d=200 #mm #Depth\n",

-      "t2=20 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flange-2\n",

-      "b2=160 #mm #Width\n",

-      "t3=20 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=240 #mm #Overall Depth\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Distance of N-A from Top Fibre \n",

-      "y=(b*t*t*2**-1+d*t2*(t+d*2**-1)+b2*t3*(t+d+t3*2**-1))*(b*t+d*t2+b2*t3)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Inertia\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b*t**3+b*t*(y-(t*2**-1))**2+1*12**-1*t2*d**3+t2*d*(y-(t+d*2**-1))**2+1*12**-1*b2*t3**3+t3*b2*((d+t+t3*2**-1)-y)**2 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress bottom of flange\n",

-      "sigma=F*b*t*(y-t*2**-1)*(b*I)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At same Level but in web\n",

-      "sigma2=F*b*t*(y-t*2**-1)*(t2*I)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#for shear stress at N.A\n",

-      "X=b*t*(y-t*2**-1)+t2*(y-t)*(y-t)*2**-1 #mm**3\n",

-      "sigma3=F*X*(t2*I)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress at bottom of web\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X=b2*t3*((D-y)-t3*2**-1) #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress at bottom of web\n",

-      "sigma4=F*X*(t2*I)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress at Lower flange\n",

-      "sigma5=F*X*(b2*I)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The Shear Force Diagram is the result\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the Shear Force Diagram\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[0,20,20,140,220,220,240]\n",

-      "Y1=[0,sigma,sigma2,sigma3,sigma4,sigma5,0]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length in mm\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Shear Force in N\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Shear Force Diagram is the result\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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OnYL/+i/TF3DLLWZPgXbt7K5KRHyRwsAGJ0+afoBXXjHNQOvXQ1iY3VWJiC8r1gj183MN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\n/w/qZz1xEBCKMwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x55ed710>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.18,Page no.164"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "F=30*10**3 #N #Shear Force\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Channel Section\n",

-      "d=400 #mm #Depth of web \n",

-      "t=10 #mm #THickness of web\n",

-      "t2=15 #mm #Thickness of flange\n",

-      "b=100 #mm #Width of flange\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Rectangular Welded section\n",

-      "b2=80 #mm #Width\n",

-      "d2=60 #mm #Depth\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Distance of Centroid From Top Fibre\n",

-      "y=(d*t*t*2**-1+2*t2*(b-t)*((b-t)*2**-1+10)+d2*b2*(d2*2**-1+t))*(d*t+2*t2*(b-t)+d2*b2)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment Of Inertia of the section about N-A\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*d*t**3+d*t*(y-t*2**-1)**2+2*(1*12**-1*t2*(b-t)**3+t2*(b-t)*(((b-t)*2**-1+t)-y)**2)+1*12**-1*d2**3*b2+d2*b2*(d2*2**-1+t-y)**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress at level of weld\n",

-      "sigma=F*d*t*(y-t*2**-1)*((b2+t2+t2)*I)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Shear Stress occurs at Neutral Axis\n",

-      "X=d*t*(y-t*2**-1)+2*t2*(y-t)*(y-t)*2**-1+b2*(y-t)*(y-t)*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "sigma_max=F*X*((b+t)*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Shear stress in the weld is\",round(sigma,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Max shear stress is\",round(sigma_max,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Shear stress in the weld is 3.62 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Max shear stress is 4.48 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.19,Page no.165"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Wooden Section\n",

-      "b=300 #mm #Width\n",

-      "d=300 #mm #Depth\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=100 #mm #Diameter of Bore\n",

-      "F=10*10**3 #N #Shear Force\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment Of Inertia Of Section\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b*d**3-pi*64**-1*D**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress at crown of circle\n",

-      "sigma=F*b*D*(d*2**-1-D*2**-1)*(b*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let a*y_bar=X\n",

-      "X=b*d*2**-1*d*4**-1-pi*8**-1*D**2*4*D*2**-1*(3*pi)**-1 #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Stress at Neutral Axis\n",

-      "sigma2=F*X*((b-D)*I)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Shearing Stress at Crown of Bore\",round(sigma,3),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Shear Stress at Neutral Axis\",round(sigma2,3),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Shearing Stress at Crown of Bore 0.149 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Shear Stress at Neutral Axis 0.246 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.20,Page no.166"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#flanges\n",

-      "b=200 #mm #width\n",

-      "t1=25 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#web\n",

-      "d=450 #mm #Depth \n",

-      "t2=20 #mm #thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=500 #mm #Total Depth of section\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment Of Inertia of the section about N-A\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b*D**3-1*12**-1*(b-t2)*d**3 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Consider an element in the web at distance y from y from N-A\n",

-      "#Depth of web section=225-y\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#C.G From N-A\n",

-      "#y2=y+(((D*2**-1-t)-y)*2**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#ay_bar for section at y\n",

-      "#Let ay_bar be X\n",

-      "#X=X1 be of Flange + X2 be of web above y\n",

-      "#X=b*t1*(D*2**-1-t1*2**-1)+t2*(d-t1)*(d-t1+y)*2**-1\n",

-      "#After Sub values and Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#X=1187500+10*(225**2-y**2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress at y\n",

-      "#sigma_y=F*(X)*(t2*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear Force resisted by the Element\n",

-      "#F1=F*X*t2*dy*(t2*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress resisted by web \n",

-      "#sigma=2*F*I**-1*(X)*dy\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#After Integrating above equation and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#sigma=0.9578*F\n",

-      "\n",

-      "sigma=0.9578*100\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Shear Resisted by web\",round(sigma,2),\"%\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Shear Resisted by web 95.78 %\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.21,Page no.167"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Wooden Beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "b=150 #mm #width\n",

-      "d=250 #mm #Depth\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=5000 #mm #span\n",

-      "m=11.2 #N/mm**2 #Max Bending stress\n",

-      "sigma=0.7 #N/mm**2 #Max shear stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let 'a' be the distance from left support\n",

-      "#Max shear force\n",

-      "#F=R_A=W*(L-a)*L**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Moment\n",

-      "#M=W*(L-a)*a*L**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#But M=sigma*Z\n",

-      "#W*(L-a)*a*L**-1=m*1*6**-1*b*d**2   .....................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#In Rectangular Section MAx stress is 1.5 times Avg shear stress\n",

-      "F=sigma*b*d*1.5**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#W*(L-a)*L**-1=F                     .....................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Dividing Equation 1 nad 2 we get\n",

-      "a=m*6**-1*b*d**2*1.5*(sigma*b*d)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub above value in equation 2 we get\n",

-      "W=(L-a)**-1*L*F*10**-3 #KN  \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Load is\",round(W,2),\"KN\"\n",

-      "print\"Distance from Left support is\",round(a,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Load is 21.87 KN\n",

-        "Distance from Left support is 1000.0 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.22,Page no.168"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=1000 #mm #span\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Rectangular Section\n",

-      "\n",

-      "b=200 #mm #width\n",

-      "d=400 #mm #depth\n",

-      "\n",

-      "sigma=1.5 #N/mm**2 #Shear stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let AB be the cantilever beam subjected to load W KN at free end\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#MAx shear Force\n",

-      "#F=W*10**3 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Since Max shear stress in Rectangular section\n",

-      "#sigma_max=1.5*F*A**-1 \n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifyng we get\n",

-      "W=1.5*b*d*(1.5*1000)**-1 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment at fixwed end\n",

-      "M=W*1 #KN-m\n",

-      "y_max=d*2**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b*d**3 #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#MAx Stress\n",

-      "sigma_max=M*10**6*I**-1*y_max\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Concentrated Load is\",round(sigma_max,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Concentrated Load is 15.0 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 4.4.24,Page no.170"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=4000 #mm #span\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Rectangular Cross-section\n",

-      "b=100 #mm #Width\n",

-      "d=200 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "F_per=10 #N/mm**2 #Max Bending stress\n",

-      "q_max=0.6 #N/mm**2 #Shear stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#If the Load W is in KN/m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear Force\n",

-      "#F=w*l*2**-1 #KN\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#M=2*w #KN-m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Load from Consideration of moment\n",

-      "#M=1*6**-1*b*d**2*F_per\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "w=(1*6**-1*b*d**2*F_per)*(2*10**6)**-1 #KN/m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Load from Consideration of shear stress\n",

-      "#q_max=1.5*F*(b*d)**-1 #N\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "F=q_max*(1.5)*b*d #N\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#If w is Max Load in KN/m,then\n",

-      "#2*w*1000=8000\n",

-      "#After Rearranging and Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "w2=8000*(2*1000)**-1 #KN/m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Uniformly Distributed Load Beam can carry is\",round(w,2),\"KN/m\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Uniformly Distributed Load Beam can carry is 3.33 KN/m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_5_nuHXFeE.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_5_nuHXFeE.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 93998543..00000000
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_5_nuHXFeE.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1007 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "chapter 5.ipynb"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 5:Deflections Of Beams By Double Integration Methods"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5.2,Page No.192"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=3000 #mm #span of beam\n",

-      "a=2000 #mm\n",

-      "W1=20*10**3 #N #Pt Load Acting on beam\n",

-      "W2=30*10**3 #N #Pt Load Acting on beam\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Young's Modulus\n",

-      "I=2*10**8 #mm**4 #M.I\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Deflection at free End Due to W2\n",

-      "dell1=W2*L**3*(3*E*I)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Deflection at free end Due to W1\n",

-      "dell2=W1*a**3*(3*E*I)**-1+(L-a)*W1*a**2*(2*E*I)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Total Deflection at free end\n",

-      "dell=dell1+dell2 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Deflection at Free End is\",round(dell,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Deflection at Free End is 9.08 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5.4,Page No.193"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Young's Modulus\n",

-      "I=180*10**6 #mm**4 #M.I\n",

-      "W1=20 #N/m #u.d.l\n",

-      "W2=20*10**3 #N #Pt load\n",

-      "L=3000 #m #Span of beam\n",

-      "a=2000 #m #Span of u.d.l\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Displacement of free End due to 20 KN Pt load at free end\n",

-      "dell1=W2*L**3*(3*E*I)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Displacement of free end due to u.d.l\n",

-      "dell2=W1*a**4*(8*E*I)**-1+(L-a)*W1*a**3*(6*E*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Deflection at free end\n",

-      "dell=dell1+dell2 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Displacement of Free End of cantilever beam is\",round(dell,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Displacement of Free End of cantilever beam is 6.85 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5.10,Page No.201"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "E=200*10**6 #KN/m**2  #Young's Modulus\n",

-      "I=15*10**-6 #m**4 #M.I\n",

-      "a=4000 #m \n",

-      "L_AB=6 #m #Span of beam\n",

-      "L_CB=2 #m #Length of CB\n",

-      "F_C=18 #KN #force at C\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let V_A & V_B be the Reactions at A & B Respectively\n",

-      "#V_A+V_B=18\n",

-      "#Now taking moment at B,we get M_B\n",

-      "V_A=(F_C*L_CB)*L_AB**-1\n",

-      "V_B=18-V_A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Taking Moment at distance x\n",

-      "#M_x=6*x-18*(x-4)\n",

-      "#EI*d**2*y*(d*x**2)**-1=6*x-18*(x-4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Integrating above equation,we get\n",

-      "#EI*dy*(dx)**-1=C1+3*x**2-9(x-4)**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Again Integrating above equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*y=C2+C1*x+x**3-3*(x-4)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#The Boundary conditions\n",

-      "x=0\n",

-      "y=0  #.....(a)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "x=6\n",

-      "y=0   #....(b)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Boundary Condition(B.C) a we get\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Boundary Condition(B.C) b we get\n",

-      "#6*C1+216-3*8\n",

-      "#After Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "C1=-(216-24)*6**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#EI*y=-32*x+x**3-3*(x-4)**3\n",

-      "#EI*dy*(dx)**-1=-32+3*x**2-9(x-4)**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#For Max Deflection\n",

-      "#Assume it inthe Porion AC i.e x=4=a\n",

-      "#0=-32+3*x**2\n",

-      "x=(32*3**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Value of Max deflection is\n",

-      "ymax=(-32*x+x**3)*(E*I)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#slope at mid-span\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#EI*(dy*(dx)**-1)_centre=-32+3*x**2\n",

-      "#at centre ,\n",

-      "x1=3 #m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let (dy*(dx)**-1)_centre=X\n",

-      "X=-(-32+3*x1**2)*(E*I)**-1 #Radian\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Deflection at Load Point\n",

-      "x2=4 #m\n",

-      "#EI*y_c=-32*x2+x2**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "y_c=-(-32*x2+x2**3)*(E*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Value of Max Deflection\",round(ymax,4),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"SLope at mid-span\",round(X,4),\"radian\"\n",

-      "print\"Deflection at the Load Point is\",round(y_c,4),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Value of Max Deflection -0.0232 mm\n",

-        "SLope at mid-span 0.0017 radian\n",

-        "Deflection at the Load Point is 0.0213 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5.11,Page No.203"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_CB=2 #m #Length of CB\n",

-      "L_AC=4 #m #Length of AB\n",

-      "M_C=15 #KN.m #Moment At Pt C\n",

-      "F_C=30 #KN\n",

-      "L=6 #m Span of Beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let X=E*I\n",

-      "X=10000 #KN-m**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let V_A and V_B be the reactions at A & B respectively\n",

-      "#V_A+V_B=30\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment a A,we get\n",

-      "V_B=(F_C*L_AC+M_C)*L**-1\n",

-      "V_A=30-V_B\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Taking Moment at distacnce x from A\n",

-      "#M_x=7.5*x-30*(x-4)+15\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#By using Macaulay's Method\n",

-      "#EI*(d**2*x/dx**2)=M_x=7.5*x-30*(x-4)+15\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Integrating above Equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)=C1+7.5*x**2*2**-1-15*(x-4)**2+15*(x-4)  ............(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Again Integrating above Equation we get\n",

-      "#EIy=C2+C1*x+7.5*6**-1*x**3-5*(x-4)**3+15*(x-4)**2*2**-1..........(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Boundary Cinditions\n",

-      "x=0\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Substituting above equations we get \n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "x=6 #m\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "C1=-(7.5*6**3*6**-1-5*2**3+15*2**2*2**-1)*6**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#EIy_c=C2+C1*x+7.5*6**-1*x**3-5*(x-4)**3+15*(x-4)**2*2**-1\n",

-      "#Sub values in Above equation we get\n",

-      "y_c=(93.3333*(X)**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Deflection at C\",round(y_c,4),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Deflection at C 0.0093 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5.12,Page No.204"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_AC=L_CD=L_DB=2 #m #Length of AC,CD,DB\n",

-      "F_C=40 #KN #Force at C\n",

-      "w=20 #KN/m #u.d.l\n",

-      "L=6 #m #span of beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let E*I=X\n",

-      "X=15000 #KN-m**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let V_A & V_B be the reactions at A & B respectively\n",

-      "#V_A+V_B=80\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment B,M_B\n",

-      "V_A=(F_C*(L_CD+L_DB)+w*L_DB*L_DB*2**-1)*L**-1 #KN\n",

-      "V_B=80-V_A #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment at distance x from A\n",

-      "#M_x=33.333*x-40*(x-2)-20*(x-4)**2*2**-1\n",

-      "#EI*(d**2/dx**2)=33.333*x-40*(x-2)-10*(x-4)**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Integrating above equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)=C1+33.333*x**2*2**-1-20*(x-2)**2-10*3**-1*(x-4)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Again Integrating above equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*y=C2+C1*x+33.333*x**3*6**-1-20*3**-1*(x-2)**3-10*12**-1*(x-4)**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x=0\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x=6\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "C1=-760*6**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Assuming Deflection to be max in portion CD and sustituting value of C1 in equation of slope we get\n",

-      "#EI*y=C2+C1*x+33.333*x**3*6**-1-20*3**-1*(x-2)**3-10*12**-1*(x-4)**4\n",

-      "#0=-126.667+33.333*x**2**-1-20*(x-2)**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#After rearranging and simplifying further we get\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#x**2-24*x+62=0\n",

-      "#From above equations\n",

-      "a=1\n",

-      "b=-24\n",

-      "c=62\n",

-      "\n",

-      "y=(b**2-4*a*c)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "x1=(-b+y)*(2*a)**-1\n",

-      "x2=(-b-y)*(2*a)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking x2 into account\n",

-      "x=2.945 #m\n",

-      "C1=-126.667\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "y_max=(C2+C1*x+33.333*x**3*6**-1-20*3**-1*(x-2)**3)*X**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max slope occurs at the ends\n",

-      "#At A,\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)_A=-126.667\n",

-      "#At B\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)_B=126.667+33.333*6**2*2**-1-20*4**2-10*2**3\n",

-      "#After simplifying Further we get\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)_B=73.3273\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Max slope is EI(dy/dx)_A=-126.667\n",

-      "#15000*(dy/dx)_=-126.667\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let Y=dy/dx\n",

-      "Y=-126.667*X**-1 #Radians\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Maximum Deflection for Beam is\",round(y_max,4),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Maximum Slope for beam is\",round(Y,4),\"radians\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Maximum Deflection for Beam is -0.0158 mm\n",

-        "Maximum Slope for beam is -0.0084 radians\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5.13,Page No.206"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "E=2*10**8 #KN/m**2\n",

-      "I=450*10**-6 #m**4\n",

-      "L_AC=1 #m #Length of AC\n",

-      "L_CD=3 #m #Length of CD\n",

-      "L_DB=2 #m #Length of DB\n",

-      "w=10 #KN/m #u.d.l\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let V_A & V_B be the reactions at A & B respectively\n",

-      "#V_A+V_B=30\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment at distance x from A\n",

-      "#M_x=17.5*x-10*(x-1)**2*2**-1+10*(x-4)**2*2**-1\n",

-      "#EI*(d**2/dx**2)=17.5*x-10*(x-1)**2*2**-1+10*(x-4)**2*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Integrating Above equation we get\n",

-      "#EI(dy/dx)=C1+17.5*x**2*2**-1-5*3**-1*(x-1)**2+5*3**-1*(x-4)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Again  Integrating Above equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*y=C2+C1*x+17.5*x**3*6**-1-5*12**-1*(x-1)**4+5*12**-1*(x-4)**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=0\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=6 \n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "C1=(-17.5*x**3*6**-1+5*12**-1*(x-1)**4-5*12**-1*(x-4)**4)*x**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "# 1)Slope at A .i.e at x=0\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)_A=C1=-62.708 #KN-m**2\n",

-      "#let (dy/dx)=X\n",

-      "X=C1*(E*I)**-1 #radiams\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Deflection at mid-span\n",

-      "x=3 #m\n",

-      "#EI*y_centre=C1*x+17.5*x**3*6**-1-5*12**-1*(x-1)**2\n",

-      "y_centre=-(C1*x+17.5*x**3*6**-1-5*12**-1*(x-1)**4)*(E*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Maximum Deflection\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At point of Max deflection (dy/dx)=0\n",

-      "#Assuming it in portion CD\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#0=C1*x+17.5*x**2*2**-1-5*3**-1*(x-1)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Let\n",

-      "#F(x)=C1+17.5*x**2*2**-1-5*3**-1*(x-1)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let F(x)=Y\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=2.5\n",

-      "Y1=-(C1+17.5*x**2*2**-1-5*3**-1*(x-1)**3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#AT\n",

-      "x=3\n",

-      "Y2=-(C1+17.5*x**2*2**-1-5*3**-1*(x-1)**3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x=2.9 #m\n",

-      "Y3=-(C1+17.5*x**2*2**-1-5*3**-1*(x-1)**3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#A curve may be plotted for (F(x) and the value for which F(x)=0 may be found\n",

-      "#For F(x)=0 for x=2.92 m\n",

-      "#Therefore y_max occur at x=2.92\n",

-      "\n",

-      "x=2.92 #m\n",

-      "y_max=(C1*x+17.5*x**3*6**-1-5*12**-1*(x-1)**4)*(E*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Slope at A\",round(X,6),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Deflection at mid-span\",round(y_centre,6),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Maxmimum Deflection is\",round(y_max,5),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Slope at A -0.000697 mm\n",

-        "Deflection at mid-span 0.001289 mm\n",

-        "Maxmimum Deflection is -0.00129 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5.14,Page No.208"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_AC=LDE=L_EB=1 #m #Length of AC\n",

-      "L_CD=2 #m #Length of CD\n",

-      "E=200 #KN/mm**2\n",

-      "I=60*10**6 #mm**4 #M.I\n",

-      "F_C=20 #KN #Force at C\n",

-      "F_E=30 #KN #Force at E\n",

-      "w=10 #KN/m #u.d.l\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X=E*I*10**-6 #KN-m**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let V_A & V_B be the reactions at A & B respectively\n",

-      "#V_A+V_B=70\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment at distance x from A\n",

-      "#M_x=34*x-20*(x-1)-10*(x-1)**2*2**-1+10*(x-3)**2*2**-1-30*(x-4)\n",

-      "#EI*(d**2y/dx**2)=34*x-20*(x-1)-10*(x-1)**2*2**-1+10*(x-3)**2*2**-1-30*(x-4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Integrating Above equation,we get\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)=C1+17*x**2-10*(x-1)**2-5*3**-1*(x-1)**3+5*3**-1*(x-3)**3-15*(x-4)**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Again Integrating Above equation,we get\n",

-      "#EI*y=C2+C1*x+17*3**-1*x**3-10*3**-1*(x-1)**3-5*12**-1*(x-1)**4+5*12**-1*(x-3)**4-5*(x-4)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x=0\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=5 #m\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "C1=(-17*3**-1*x**3+10*3**-1*(x-1)**3+5*12**-1*(x-1)**4-5*12**-1*(x-3)**4+5*(x-4)**3)*5**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#EI*y=C2+C1*x+17*3**-1*x**3-10*3**-1*(x-1)**3-5*12**-1*(x-1)**4+5*12**-1*(x-3)**4-5*(x-4)**3\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "C1=-78\n",

-      "x=1\n",

-      "y_c=(-78*x+17*3**-1*x)*(X)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#EI*y_D=C2+C1*x+17*3**-1*x**3-10*3**-1*(x-1)**3-5*12**-1*(x-1)**4\n",

-      "x=3\n",

-      "C1-78\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "y_D=(C2+C1*x+17*3**-1*x**3-10*3**-1*(x-1)**3-5*12**-1*(x-1)**4)*(X**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#EI*y_E=C2+C1*x+17*3**-1*x**3-10*3**-1*(x-1)**3-5*12**-1*(x-1)**4+5*12**-1*(x-3)**4\n",

-      "x=4\n",

-      "C1-78\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "y_E=(C2+C1*x+17*3**-1*x**3-10*3**-1*(x-1)**3-5*12**-1*(x-1)**4+5*12**-1*(x-3)**4)*X**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Deflections at C\",round(y_c,5),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Deflections at D\",round(y_D,5),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Deflections at E\",round(y_E,4),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Deflections at C -0.00603 mm\n",

-        "Deflections at D -0.00953 mm\n",

-        "Deflections at E -0.0061 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5.15,Page No.209"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "E=200 #KN/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "I=300*10**6 #mm\n",

-      "L_AB=L_BC=L_CD=L_DE=1 #m #Length of AB,BC,CD,DE respectively\n",

-      "F_A=20 #KN #Force at A\n",

-      "F_C=10 #KN #Force at C\n",

-      "w=30 #KN/m #u.d.l\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let E*I=X\n",

-      "X=E*I*10**-6 #KN-2**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let V_E be the reactions at E\n",

-      "V_E=F_A+F_C+w*(L_BC+L_CD) #KN \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment at distance x\n",

-      "#EI*(d**2x/dy**2)=M=-20*x-30*(x-1)**2*2**-1-10*(x-2)+30*(x-3)**2*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Integrating above equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)=C1-10*x**2-5*(x-1)**3-5*(x-2)**2+5*(x-3)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Again Integrating above equation\n",

-      "#EI*y=C2+C1*x-10*x**3*3**-1-5*(x-1)**4*4**-1-5*(x-3)**4*4**-1-5*3*(x-2)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "#dy/dx=0\n",

-      "x=4 #m\n",

-      "C1=10*x**2+5*(x-1)**3+5*(x-2)**2-5*(x-3)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#AT\n",

-      "x=4\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "C2=-C1*4+10*x**3*3**-1+5*(x-1)**4*4**-1-5*(x-3)**4*4**-1+5*3**-1*(x-2)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Deflection and Max slopes occurs at Free end in case of cantilever\n",

-      "y_max=y_A=C2*X**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)_max=C1\n",

-      "#Let (dy/dx)=Y\n",

-      "Y=C1*X**-1 #radian\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now deflection at x=1 #m\n",

-      "C2=-913.333\n",

-      "C1=310\n",

-      "x=1\n",

-      "y_B=(C2+C1*x-10*x**3*3**-1)*X**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Deflection at x=2 #m\n",

-      "C2=-913.333\n",

-      "C1=310\n",

-      "x=2 #m\n",

-      "y_C=(C2+C1*x-10*x**3*3**-1-5*(x-1)**4*4**-1)*X**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Deflection at x=3 #m\n",

-      "C2=-913.333\n",

-      "C1=310\n",

-      "x=3 #m\n",

-      "y_D=(C2+C1*x-10*x**3*3**-1-5*(x-1)**4*4**-1-5*3**-1*(x-2)**3)*X**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "y_E=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max Deflection for Beam\",round(y_A,4),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Max Slope for beam\",round(Y,5),\"radians\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting the ELastic Curve\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Y2=[y_E,y_D,y_C,y_B,y_A]\n",

-      "X2=[L_AB+L_BC+L_CD+L_DE,L_AB+L_BC+L_CD,L_AB+L_BC,L_AB,0]\n",

-      "Z2=[0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X2,Y2,X2,Z2)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length in mm\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Deflection in mm\")\n",

-      "plt.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max Deflection for Beam -0.0152 mm\n",

-        "Max Slope for beam 0.00517 radians\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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8yjGZmZkkJSWRmZlJSkoKM2bMoLKy8pxilcZbsQJGj4Y//QkWL1aSEWnvaq3R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\nL+mlAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x4f06390>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5.16,Page No.211"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_BD=L_CB=L_AC=2 #m #Length of BD,CB,AC\n",

-      "F_C=40 #KN #Force at C\n",

-      "F_D=10 #KN Force at D\n",

-      "L=6 #m spna of beam\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#EI is constant in this problem\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let V_A & V_B be the reactions at A & B Respectively\n",

-      "#V_A+V_B=50\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment at Pt A\n",

-      "V_B=(F_D*L+F_C*L_AC)*(L_AC+L_CB)**-1\n",

-      "V_A=50-V_B\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Taking Moment at distance x from A,M_x\n",

-      "#M_x=15*x-40*(x-2)+35*(x-4)\n",

-      "#EI*(d**2*y/dx**2)=15*x-40*(x-2)+35*(x-4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Integrating above equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)=C1+7.5*x**2-20*(x-2)**2+17.5(x-4)**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Again Integrating above equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*y=C2+C1*x+2.5*x**2-20*3**-1*(x-2)**3+17.5*(x-4)**3*3**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x=0\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "#we get\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x=4 \n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "#we get\n",

-      "C1=(2.5*4**3-20*3**-1*2**3)*4**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Deflection at C\n",

-      "x=2\n",

-      "C1=-26.667\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "y_C=C2+C1*x+2.5*x**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Deflection at D\n",

-      "C1=-21.667\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "y_D=-26.667*6+2.5*6**3-20*3**-1*4**3+17.5*2**3*3**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Deflections Under Loads are:y_D\",round(y_D,4)\n",

-      "print\"                           :y_C\",round(y_C,2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Deflections Under Loads are:y_D -0.002\n",

-        "                           :y_C -33.33\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5.17,Page No.212"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_BC=L_EB=2 #m #Length of BC & EB\n",

-      "E=200*10**6 #KN/m**2 #Modulus of eLasticity\n",

-      "I=45*10**-6 #mm**4 #M.I\n",

-      "L_DE=3 #m #Length of DE\n",

-      "L_AD=1 #m #Length of AD\n",

-      "w=20 #KN/m #u.d.l\n",

-      "L=8 #m #span of beam\n",

-      "F_C=30 #KN #Force at C\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let V_A & V_B be the reactions at A & B respectively\n",

-      "#V_A+V_B=90\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment at A,M_A\n",

-      "V_B=(w*L_DE*(L_DE*2**-1+L_AD)+F_C*L)*(L_AD+L_DE+L_EB)**-1\n",

-      "V_A=90-V_B\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment at distance x\n",

-      "#M_x=25*x-20*(x-1)**2*2**-1+20*(x-4)**2*2**-1+65*(x-6)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Integrating above equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*(d**2*y/dx**2)=25*x-10*(x-1)**2+10*(x-4)**2+65*(x-6)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#again Integrating above equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)=C1+25*x**2*2**-1-10*3**-1*(x-1)**3+10*3**-1*(x-4)**2+65*2**-1*(x-6)**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#again Integrating above equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*y=C2+C1*x+25*6**-1*x**3-10*12**-1*(x-1)**4+10*12**-1*(x-4)**4+65*6**-1*(x-6)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "x=0\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "#Sub these values in above equation,we get\n",

-      "C2=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "x=6 #m\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "C1=-(25*6**-1*6**3-10*12**-1*5**4+10*12**-1*2**4)*6**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#deflection at C is given by\n",

-      "x=8\n",

-      "y_c=(C2+C1*x+25*6**-1*x**3-10*12**-1*(x-1)**4+10*12**-1*(x-4)**4+65*6**-1*(x-6)**3)*(E*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Assuming y is max in the portion DE,then\n",

-      "#(dy/dx)=0 for that point\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#0=-65.417+25*2**-1*x**2-10*3**-1*x(-1)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let F(x)=-65.417+25*2**-1*x**2-10*3**-1*x(-1)**3\n",

-      "#Let z=F(x)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#AT \n",

-      "x=3\n",

-      "z=-65.417+25*2**-1*x**2-10*3**-1*(x-1)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "x=2.5\n",

-      "z1=-65.417+25*2**-1*x**2-10*3**-1*(x-1)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "x=2.4\n",

-      "z2=-65.417+25*2**-1*x**2-10*3**-1*(x-1)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#The assumption is max in portion DE\n",

-      "x=2.46\n",

-      "y_max=(-65.417*x+25*6**-1*x**3-10*12**-1*1.46**4)*(E*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Deflection at free end C\",round(y_c,4),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Max Deflection between A and B\",round(y_max,4),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Deflection at free end C -0.0101 mm\n",

-        "Max Deflection between A and B -0.0114 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5.18,Page No.213"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L_DB=L_AC=L_ED=2 #m #Length of DB & AC\n",

-      "L_CD=4 #m #Length of CD\n",

-      "L_CE=2 #m #Length of CE\n",

-      "F_A=40 #KN #Force at C\n",

-      "F_B=20 #KN #Force at A\n",

-      "E=200*10**6 #KN/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "I=50*10**-6 #m**4 #M.I\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#LEt V_C & V_D be the reactions at C &  D respectively\n",

-      "#V_C+V_D=60\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Taking Moment At D,M_D\n",

-      "V_C=-(-F_A*(L_AC+L_CE+L_ED)+F_B*L_DB)*L_CD**-1\n",

-      "V_D=60-V_C\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Taking Moment at Distance x from A,\n",

-      "#M_x=-40*x+50*(x-2)+10*(x-6)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#EI*(d**2*y/dx**2)=-40*x+50*(x-2)+10*(x-6)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Integrating above Equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*(dy/dx)=C1+20*x**2-25*(x-2)+5*(x-6)**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Again Integrating above Equation we get\n",

-      "#EI*y=C2+C1*x-20*3**-1*x**3+25*3**-1*(x-2)**3+5*3**-1*(x-6)**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x=0\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "#C2+2*C1=-53.33    ...............(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=6\n",

-      "y=0\n",

-      "#C2+6*C1=906.667    ...............(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Subtracting Equation 1 from 2 we get\n",

-      "C1=853.333*4**-1\n",

-      "C2=53.333-2*C1\n",

-      "x=0\n",

-      "y_A=(C2+C1*x-20*3**-1*x**3+25*3**-1*(x-2)**3+5*3**-1*(x-6)**3)*(E*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Answer For y_A is incorrect in textbook\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At Mid-span\n",

-      "C1=853.333*4**-1\n",

-      "C2=53.333-2*C1\n",

-      "x=4\n",

-      "y_E=(C2+C1*x-20*3**-1*x**3+25*3**-1*(x-2)**3+5*3**-1*(x-6)**3)*(E*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Answer For y_E is incorrect in textbook\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At B\n",

-      "C1=853.333*4**-1\n",

-      "C2=53.333-2*C1\n",

-      "x=8\n",

-      "y_B=(C2+C1*x-20*3**-1*x**3+25*3**-1*(x-2)**3+5*3**-1*(x-6)**3)*(E*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Deflection relative to the level of the supports:at End A\",round(y_A,4),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                                                :at End B\",round(y_B,4),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                                                :at Centre of CD\",round(y_E,4),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Deflection relative to the level of the supports:at End A -0.08 mm\n",

-        "                                                :at End B -0.0267 mm\n",

-        "                                                :at Centre of CD 0.0107 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_6.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_6.ipynb
index 6ece5381..8f1678ce 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_6.ipynb
+++ b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_6.ipynb
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -78,6 +79,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -128,6 +130,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -180,6 +183,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -232,6 +236,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -283,6 +288,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -338,6 +344,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -396,6 +403,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -486,6 +494,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -559,6 +568,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "d=100 #mm #Diameter of solid shaft\n",

@@ -627,6 +637,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "T=8 #KN-m #Torque \n",

@@ -688,6 +699,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -752,6 +764,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -832,6 +845,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -909,6 +923,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -980,6 +995,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1043,6 +1059,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1103,6 +1120,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1158,6 +1176,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1212,6 +1231,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1271,6 +1291,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1332,6 +1353,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1386,6 +1408,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1437,6 +1460,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_6_pfJDegg.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_6_pfJDegg.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 8f1678ce..00000000
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_6_pfJDegg.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1518 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "chapter 6.ipynb"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter No.6:Torsion"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.1,Page No.225"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=10000 #mm #Length of solid shaft\n",

-      "d=100 #mm #Diameter of shaft\n",

-      "n=150     #rpm\n",

-      "P=112.5*10**6 #N-mm/sec #Power Transmitted\n",

-      "G=82*10**3 #N/mm**2 #modulus of Rigidity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "J=pi*d**4*(32)**-1  #mm**3 #Polar Modulus\n",

-      "T=P*60*(2*pi*n)**-1 #N-mm #Torsional moment\n",

-      "\n",

-      "r=50 #mm #Radius\n",

-      "\n",

-      "q_s=T*r*J**-1 #N/mm**2 #Max shear stress intensity\n",

-      "Theta=T*L*(G*J)**-1 #angle of twist\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max shear stress intensity\",round(q_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Angle of Twist\",round(Theta,3),\"radian\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max shear stress intensity 36.48 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Angle of Twist 0.089 radian\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.2,Page No.226"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=440*10**6 #N-m/sec #Power transmitted\n",

-      "n=280 #rpm\n",

-      "theta=pi*180**-1 #radian #angle of twist\n",

-      "L=1000 #mm #Length of solid shaft\n",

-      "q_s=40 #N/mm**2 #Max torsional shear stress\n",

-      "G=84*10**3 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of rigidity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#P=2*pi*n*T*(60)**-1  #Equation of Power transmitted\n",

-      "T=P*60*(2*pi*n)**-1 #N-mm #torsional moment\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Consideration of shear stress\n",

-      "d1=(T*16*(pi*40)**-1)**0.333333  \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Consideration of angle of twist\n",

-      "d2=(T*L*32*180*(pi*84*10**3*pi)**-1)**0.25\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"Diameter of solid shaft is\",round(d1,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Diameter of solid shaft is 124.09 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.3,Page No.227"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "G=80*10**3 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of rigidity\n",

-      "q_s=80 #N/mm**2 #Max sheare stress\n",

-      "P=736*10**6 #N-mm/sec #Power transmitted\n",

-      "n=200\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "T=P*60*(2*pi*n)**-1 #N-mm #Torsional moment\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now From consideration of angle of twist\n",

-      "theta=pi*180**-1\n",

-      "#L=15*d\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=(T*32*180*15*(pi**2*G)**-1)**0.33333\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now corresponding stress at the surface is\n",

-      "q_s2=T*32*d*(pi*2*d**4)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max diameter required is\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Corresponding shear stress is\",round(q_s2,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max diameter required is 156.66 mm\n",

-        "Corresponding shear stress is 46.55 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.4,Page No.228"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=25 #mm #Diameter of steel bar\n",

-      "p=50*10**3 #N #Pull\n",

-      "dell_1=0.095 #mm #Extension of bar\n",

-      "l=200 #mm #Guage Length\n",

-      "T=200*10**3 #N-mm #Torsional moment\n",

-      "theta=0.9*pi*180**-1 #angle of twist\n",

-      "L=250 #mm Length of steel bar\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A=pi*4**-1*d**2 #Area of steel bar #mm**2\n",

-      "E=p*l*(dell_1*A)**-1 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of elasticity \n",

-      "\n",

-      "J=pi*32**-1*d**4 #mm**4 #Polar modulus\n",

-      "\n",

-      "G=T*L*(theta*J)**-1 #Modulus of rigidity #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now from the relation of Elastic constants\n",

-      "mu=E*(2*G)**-1-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"The Poissoin's ratio is\",round(mu,3)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Poissoin's ratio is 0.292\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.5,Page No.229"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=6000 #mm #Length of circular shaft\n",

-      "d1=100 #mm #Outer Diameter\n",

-      "d2=75 #mm #Inner Diameter\n",

-      "R=100*2**-1 #Radius of shaft\n",

-      "T=10*10**6 #N-mm #Torsional moment\n",

-      "G=80*10**3 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Rigidity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "J=pi*32**-1*(d1**4-d2**4) #mm**4 #Polar Modulus \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Shear stress produced\n",

-      "q_s=T*R*J**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Angle of twist\n",

-      "theta=T*L*(G*J)**-1 #Radian\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"MAx shear stress produced is\",round(q_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Angle of Twist is\",round(theta,2),\"Radian\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "MAx shear stress produced is 74.5 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Angle of Twist is 0.11 Radian\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.6,Page No.229"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d1=200 #mm #External Diameter of shaft\n",

-      "t=25 #mm #Thickness of shaft\n",

-      "n=200 #rpm\n",

-      "theta=0.5*pi*180**-1 #Radian #angle of twist\n",

-      "L=2000 #mm #Length of shaft\n",

-      "G=84*10**3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "d2=d1-2*t #mm #Internal Diameter of shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "J=pi*32**-1*(d1**4-d2**4) #mm**4 #Polar Modulus \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Torsional moment\n",

-      "T=G*J*theta*L**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Power Transmitted\n",

-      "P=2*pi*n*T*60**-1*10**-6 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress transmitted\n",

-      "q_s=G*theta*(d1*2**-1)*L**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Power Transmitted is\",round(P,2),\"N-mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Max Shear stress produced is\",round(q_s,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Power Transmitted is 824.28 N-mm\n",

-        "Max Shear stress produced is 36.65 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.7,Page No.230"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=3750*10**6 #N-mm/sec\n",

-      "n=240 #Rpm\n",

-      "q_s=160 #N/mm**2 #Max shear stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#d2=0.8*d2 #mm #Internal Diameter of shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#J=pi*32**-1*(d1**4-d2**4) #mm**4 #Polar modulus\n",

-      "#After substituting value in above Equation we get\n",

-      "#J=0.05796*d1**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "T=P*60*(2*pi*n)**-1 #N-mm #Torsional moment\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now from Torsion Formula\n",

-      "#T*J**-1=q_s*R**-1    ......................................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#But R=d1*2**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now substituting value of R and J in Equation (1) we get\n",

-      "d1=(T*(0.05796*q_s*2)**-1)**0.33333\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d2=d1*0.8\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The size of the Shaft is:d1\",round(d1,3),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                        :d2\",round(d2,3),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The size of the Shaft is:d1 200.362 mm\n",

-        "                        :d2 160.289 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.8,Page No.231"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=245*10**6 #N-mm/sec #Power transmitted\n",

-      "n=240 #rpm\n",

-      "q_s=40 #N/mm**2 #Shear stress\n",

-      "theta=pi*180**-1 #radian #Angle of twist\n",

-      "L=1000 #mm #Length of shaft\n",

-      "G=80*10**3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Tmax=1.5*T\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "T=P*60*(2*pi*n)**-1 #N-mm #Torsional Moment\n",

-      "Tmax=1.5*T\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now For Solid shaft\n",

-      "#J=pi*32*d**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now from the consideration of shear stress we get\n",

-      "#T*J**-1=q_s*(d*2**-1)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting value in above Equation we get\n",

-      "#T=pi*16**-1*d**3*q_s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Designing For max Torque\n",

-      "d=(Tmax*16*(pi*40)**-1)**0.33333 #mm #Diameter of shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#For max Angle of Twist\n",

-      "#Tmax*J**-1=G*theta*L**-1 \n",

-      "#After substituting value in above Equation we get\n",

-      "d2=(Tmax*32*180*L*(pi**2*G)**-1)**0.25\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#For Hollow Shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#d1_2=Outer Diameter\n",

-      "#d2_2=Inner Diameter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#d2_2=0.5*d1_2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "# Polar modulus\n",

-      "#J=pi*32**-1*(d1_2**4-d2_2**4)\n",

-      "#After substituting values we get\n",

-      "#J=0.092038*d1_2**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now from the consideration of stress\n",

-      "#Tmax*J**-1=q_s*(d1_2*2**-1)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d1_2=(Tmax*(0.092038*2*q_s)**-1)**0.33333\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now from the consideration of angle of twist\n",

-      "#Tmax*J**-1=G*theta*L**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d1_3=(Tmax*180*L*(0.092038*G*pi)**-1)**0.25\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d2_2=0.5*d1_2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"Diameter of shaft is:For solid shaft:d\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                    :For Hollow shaft:d1_2\",round(d1_2,3),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                    :                :d2_2\",round(d2_2,3),\"mm\"             "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Diameter of shaft is:For solid shaft:d 123.01 mm\n",

-        "                    :For Hollow shaft:d1_2 125.69 mm\n",

-        "                    :                :d2_2 62.845 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.11,Page No.235"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=250*10**6 #N-mm/sec #Power transmitted\n",

-      "n=100 #rpm\n",

-      "q_s=75 #N/mm**2 #Shear stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Equation of Power we have\n",

-      "T=P*60*(2*pi*n)**-1 #N-mm #Torsional moment\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now from torsional moment equation we have\n",

-      "#T=j*q_s*(d/2**-1)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values in above equation and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#T=pi*16**-1**d**3*q_s\n",

-      "d=(T*16*(pi*q_s)**-1)**0.3333 #mm #Diameter of solid shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#PArt-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let d1 and d2 be the outer and inner diameter of hollow shaft\n",

-      "#d2=0.6*d1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Again from torsional moment equation we have\n",

-      "#T=pi*32**-1*(d1**4-d2**4)*q_s*(d1/2)**-1\n",

-      "d1=(T*16*(pi*(1-0.6**4)*q_s)**-1)**0.33333\n",

-      "d2=0.6*d1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Cross sectional area of solid shaft\n",

-      "A1=pi*4**-1*d**2 #mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#cross sectional area of hollow shaft\n",

-      "A2=pi*4**-1*(d1**2-d2**2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now percentage saving in weight\n",

-      "#Let W be the percentage saving in weight\n",

-      "W=(A1-A2)*100*A1**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Percentage saving in Weight is\",round(W,3),\"%\"\n",

-      "print\"Size of shaft is:solid shaft:d\",round(d,3),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"               :Hollow shaft:d1\",round(d1,3),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"               :            :d2\",round(d2,3),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Percentage saving in Weight is 29.735 %\n",

-        "Size of shaft is:solid shaft:d 117.418 mm\n",

-        "               :Hollow shaft:d1 123.031 mm\n",

-        "               :            :d2 73.818 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.12,Page No.237"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "d=100 #mm #Diameter of solid shaft\n",

-      "d1=100 #mm #Outer Diameter of hollow shaft\n",

-      "d2=50  #mm #Inner Diameter of hollow shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Torsional moment of solid shaft\n",

-      "#T_s=J*q_s*(d*2**-1)**-1 \n",

-      "#After substituting values in above equation and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#T_s=pi*16*d**3*q_s ...............(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#torsional moment for hollow shaft is\n",

-      "#T_h=J*q_s*(d1**4-d2**4)**-1*(d1*2**-1)\n",

-      "#After substituting values in above equation and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#T_h=pi*32**-1*2*d1**-1*(d1**4-d2**4)*q_s  ...........(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Dividing Equation 2 by 1 we get\n",

-      "#Let the ratio of T_h*T_s**-1 Be X\n",

-      "X=1-0.5**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Loss in strength \n",

-      "#Let s be the loss in strength\n",

-      "#s=T_s*T_h*100*T_s**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values in above equation and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "s=(1-0.9375)*100\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Weight Ratio \n",

-      "#Let w be the Weight ratio\n",

-      "#w=W_h*W_s**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A_h=pi*32**-1*(d1**2-d2**2) #mm**2 #Area of Hollow shaft\n",

-      "A_s=pi*32**-1*d**2 #mm**2 #Area of solid shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "w=A_h*A_s**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Loss in strength is\",round(s,2)\n",

-      "print\"Weight ratio is\",round(w,2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Loss in strength is 6.25\n",

-        "Weight ratio is 0.75\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.13,Page No.239"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "T=8 #KN-m #Torque \n",

-      "d=100 #mm #Diameter of portion AB\n",

-      "d1=100 #mm #External Diameter of Portion BC\n",

-      "d2=75 #mm #Internal Diameter of Portion BC\n",

-      "G=80 #KN/mm**2 #Modulus of Rigidity\n",

-      "L1=1500 #mm #Radial Distance of Portion AB\n",

-      "L2=2500 #mm #Radial Distance ofPortion BC\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "R=d*2**-1 #mm #Radius of shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#For Portion AB,Polar Modulus\n",

-      "J1=pi*32**-1*d**4 #mm**4 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#For Portion BC,Polar modulus \n",

-      "J2=pi*32**-1*(d1**4-d2**4) #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Max stress occurs in portion BC since max radial Distance is sme in both cases\n",

-      "q_max=T*J2**-1*R*10**6 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let theta1 be the rotation in Portion AB and theta2 be the rotation in portion BC\n",

-      "theta1=T*L1*(G*J1)**-1 #Radians\n",

-      "theta2=T*L2*(G*J2)**-1 #Radians\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Total Rotational at end C\n",

-      "theta=(theta1+theta2)*10**3 #Radians\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max stress induced is\",round(q_max,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Angle of Twist is\",round(theta,3),\"radians\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max stress induced is 59.6 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Angle of Twist is 0.053 radians\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.14,Page No.240"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "q_b=80 #N/mm**2 #Shear stress in Brass\n",

-      "q_s=100 #N/mm**2 #Shear stress in Steel\n",

-      "G_b=40*10**3 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "G_s=80*10**3 \n",

-      "L_b=1000 #mm #Length of brass shaft\n",

-      "L_s=1200 #mm #Length of steel shaft\n",

-      "d1=80 #mm #Diameter of brass shaft\n",

-      "d2=60 #mm #Diameter of steel shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar modulus of brass rod\n",

-      "J_b=pi*32**-1*d1**4 #mm**4 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar modulus of steel rod\n",

-      "J_s=pi*32**-1*d2**4 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Considering bras Rod:AB\n",

-      "T1=J_b*q_b*(d1*2**-1)**-1 #N-mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Considering Steel Rod:BC\n",

-      "T2=J_s*q_s*(d2*2**-1)**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Torque that can be applied\n",

-      "T2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let theta_b and theta_s be the rotations in Brass and steel respectively\n",

-      "theta_b=T2*L_b*(G_b*J_b)**-1 #Radians\n",

-      "theta_s=T2*L_s*(G_s*J_s)**-1 #Radians\n",

-      "\n",

-      "theta=theta_b+theta_s #Radians #Rotation of free end\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Total of free end is\",round(theta,3),\"Radians\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Total of free end is 0.076 Radians\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.15,Page No.241"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "G=80*10**3 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Rigidity\n",

-      "d1=100 #mm #Outer diameter of hollow shft\n",

-      "d2=80  #mm #Inner diameter of hollow shaft\n",

-      "d=80   #mm #diameter of Solid shaft\n",

-      "d3=60  #mm #diameter of Solid shaft having L=0.5m\n",

-      "L1=300 #mm #Length of Hollow shaft\n",

-      "L2=400 #mm #Length of solid shaft\n",

-      "L3=500 #mm #LEngth of solid shaft of diameter 60mm\n",

-      "T1=2*10**6 #N-mm #Torsion in Shaft AB\n",

-      "T2=1*10**6 #N-mm #Torsion in shaft BC\n",

-      "T3=1*10**6 #N-mm #Torsion in shaft CD\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Polar modulus of section AB\n",

-      "J1=pi*32**-1*(d1**4-d2**4) #mm**4 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar modulus of section BC\n",

-      "J2=pi*32**-1*d**4 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar modulus of section CD\n",

-      "J3=pi*32**-1*d3**4 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now angle of twist of AB\n",

-      "theta1=T1*L1*(G*J1)**-1 #radians\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Angle of twist of BC\n",

-      "theta2=T2*L2*(G*J2)**-1 #radians\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Angle of twist of CD\n",

-      "theta3=T3*L3*(G*J3)**-1 #radians\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Angle of twist\n",

-      "theta=theta1-theta2+theta3 #Radians\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress in AB From Torsion Equation\n",

-      "q_s1=T1*(d1*2**-1)*J1**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress in BC\n",

-      "q_s2=T2*(d*2**-1)*J2**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress in CD\n",

-      "q_s3=T3*(d3*2**-1)*J3**-1 #N-mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#As max shear stress occurs in portion CD,so consider CD\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Angle of twist at free end is\",round(theta,5),\"Radian\"\n",

-      "print\"Max Shear stress\",round(q_s3,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Angle of twist at free end is 0.00496 Radian\n",

-        "Max Shear stress 23.58 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.16,Page No.242"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=1000 #mm #Length of bar\n",

-      "L1=600 #mm #Length of Bar AB\n",

-      "L2=400 #mm #Length of Bar BC\n",

-      "d1=60  #mm #Outer Diameter of bar BC\n",

-      "d2=30  #mm #Inner Diameter of bar BC\n",

-      "d=60   #mm #Diameter of bar AB\n",

-      "T=2*10**6 #N-mm #Total Torque\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar Modulus of Portion AB\n",

-      "J1=pi*32**-1*d**4 #mm*4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar Modulus of Portion BC\n",

-      "J2=pi*32**-1*(d1**4-d2**4) #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let T1 be the torque resisted by bar AB and T2 be torque resisted by Bar BC\n",

-      "#Let theta1 and theta2 be the rotation of shaft in portion AB & BC\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#theta1=T1*L1*(G*J1)**-1 #radians\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get \n",

-      "#theta1=32*600*T1*(pi*60**4*G)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#theta2=T2*L*(J2*G)**-1 #Radians\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get \n",

-      "#theta2=32*400*T2*(pi*60**4*(1-0.5**4)*G)**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now For consistency of Deformation,theta1=theta2\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get \n",

-      "#T1=0.7111*T2  ..................................................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#But T1+T2=T=2*10**6   ...........................................(2)\n",

-      "#Substituting value of T1 in above equation\n",

-      "\n",

-      "T2=T*(0.7111+1)**-1\n",

-      "T1=0.71111*T2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max stress in Portion AB\n",

-      "q_s1=T1*(d*2**-1)*(J1)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max stress in Portion BC\n",

-      "q_s2=T2*(d1*2**-1)*J2**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stresses Developed in Portion:AB\",round(q_s1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                             :BC\",round(q_s2,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stresses Developed in Portion:AB 19.6 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                             :BC 29.4 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.17,Page No.243"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d1=80 #mm #External Diameter of Brass tube\n",

-      "d2=50 #mm #Internal Diameter of Brass tube\n",

-      "d=50  #mm #Diameter of steel Tube\n",

-      "G_b=40*10**3 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Rigidity of brass tube\n",

-      "G_s=80*10**3 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of rigidity of steel tube\n",

-      "T=6*10**6 #N-mm #Torque\n",

-      "L=2000 #mm #Length of Tube\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar Modulus of brass tube\n",

-      "J1=pi*32**-1*(d1**4-d2**4) #mm**4 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar modulus of steel Tube\n",

-      "J2=pi*32**-1*d**4 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let T_s & T_b be the torque resisted by steel and brass respectively\n",

-      "#Then, T_b+T_s=T   ............................................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Since the angle of twist will be the same\n",

-      "#Theta1=Theta2\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get \n",

-      "#Ts=0.360*Tb     ...........................................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#After substituting value of Ts in eqn 1 and further simplifying we get \n",

-      "T_b=T*(0.36+1)**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "T_s=0.360*T_b\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let q_s and q_b be the max stress in steel and brass respectively\n",

-      "q_b=T_b*(d1*2**-1)*J1**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "q_s=T_s*(d2*2**-1)*J2**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Since angle of twist in brass=angle of twist in steel\n",

-      "theta_s=T_s*L*(J2*G_s)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stresses Developed in Materials are:Brass\",round(q_b,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                   :Steel\",round(q_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Angle of Twist in 2m Length\",round(theta_s,3),\"Radians\" "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stresses Developed in Materials are:Brass 51.79 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                   :Steel 64.71 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Angle of Twist in 2m Length 0.065 Radians\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.18,Page No.245"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d1=60 #mm #External Diameter of aluminium Tube\n",

-      "d2=40 #mm #Internal Diameter of aluminium Tube\n",

-      "d=40  #mm #Diameter of steel tube\n",

-      "q_a=60 #N/mm**2 #Permissible stress in aluminium\n",

-      "q_s=100 #N/mm**2 #Permissible stress in steel tube\n",

-      "G_a=27*10**3 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "G_s=80*10**3 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar modulus of aluminium Tube\n",

-      "J_a=pi*32**-1*(d1**4-d2**4) #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar Modulus of steel Tube\n",

-      "J_s=pi*32**-1*d**4 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now the angle of twist of steel tube = angle of twist of aluminium tube\n",

-      "#T_s*L_s*(J_s*theta_s)**-1=T_a*L_a*(J_a*theta_a)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values in above Equation and Further simplifyin we get\n",

-      "#T_s=0.7293*T_a   .....................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#If steel Governs the resisting capacity\n",

-      "T_s1=q_s*J_s*(d*2**-1)**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "T_a1=T_s1*0.7293**-1  #N-mm\n",

-      "T1=(T_s1+T_a1)*10**-6 #KN-m #Total Torque in steel Tube\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#If aluminium Governs the resisting capacity \n",

-      "T_a2=q_a*J_a*(d1*2**-1) #N-mm\n",

-      "T_s2=T_a2*0.7293 #N-mm\n",

-      "T2=(T_s2+T_a2)*10**-6 #KN-m #Total Torque in aluminium tube\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Steel Governs the torque carrying capacity\",round(T1,2),\"KN-m\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Steel Governs the torque carrying capacity 2.98 KN-m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 16

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.19,Page No.247"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P=225*10**6 #N-mm/sec #Power Trasmitted\n",

-      "q_b=80 #N/mm**2 #Shear stress\n",

-      "n=200 #Rpm\n",

-      "q_k=100 #N/mm**2 #PErmissible stress in Keys\n",

-      "D=300 #mm #Diameter of bolt circle\n",

-      "L=150 #mm #Length of shear key\n",

-      "d=16 #mm #Diameterr of bolt\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "T=60*P*(2*pi*n)**-1 #N-mm #Torque\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now From Torsion Formula\n",

-      "#T*J**-1=q_s*R**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values we get\n",

-      "#T=pi*16*d**3*n\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d1=(T*16*(pi*q_s)**-1)**0.33333\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let b be the width of shear Key\n",

-      "#T=q_k*L*b*R\n",

-      "#After simplifying further we get\n",

-      "b=T*(q_k*L*(d1*2**-1))**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let n2 be the no. of bolts required at bolt circle of radius\n",

-      "R_b=D*2**-1 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "n2=T*4*(q_b*pi*d**2*R_b)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print\"Minimum no. of Bolts Required are\",round(n2,2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Minimum no. of Bolts Required are 4.45\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.20,Page No.250"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "T=2*10**6 #N-mm #Torque transmitted\n",

-      "G=80*10**3 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of rigidity\n",

-      "d1=40 #mm \n",

-      "d2=80 #mm\n",

-      "r1=20 #mm\n",

-      "r2=40 #mm\n",

-      "L=2000 #mm #Length of shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Angle of twist \n",

-      "theta=2*T*L*(r1**2+r1*r2+r2**2)*(3*pi*G*r2**3*r1**3)**-1 #radians\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#If the shaft is treated as shaft of average Diameter\n",

-      "d_avg=(d1+d2)*2**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "theta1=T*L*(G*pi*32**-1*d_avg**4)**-1 #Radians\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Percentage Error\n",

-      "#Let Percentage Error be E\n",

-      "X=theta-theta1\n",

-      "E=(X*theta**-1)*100 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Percentage Error is\",round(E,2),\"%\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Percentage Error is 32.28 %\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 18

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.21,Page No.252"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "G=80*10**3 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "P=1*10**9 #N-mm/sec #Power\n",

-      "n=300 \n",

-      "d1=150 #mm #Outer Diameter\n",

-      "d2=120 #mm #Inner Diameter\n",

-      "L=2000 #mm #Length of circular shaft\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "T=P*60*(2*pi*n)**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar Modulus \n",

-      "J=pi*32**-1*(d1**4-d2**4) #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "q_s=T*J**-1*(d1*2**-1) #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Strain ENergy\n",

-      "U=q_s**2*(4*G)**-1*pi*4**-1*(d1**2-d2**2)*L\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max shear stress is\",round(q_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Strain Energy stored in the shaft is\",round(U,2),\"N-mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max shear stress is 81.36 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Strain Energy stored in the shaft is 263181.37 N-mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.22,Page No.254"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=12 #mm #Diameter of helical spring\n",

-      "D=150 #mm #Mean Diameter\n",

-      "R=D*2**-1 #mm #Radius of helical spring\n",

-      "n=10 #no.of turns\n",

-      "G=80*10**3 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "W=450 #N #Load\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress \n",

-      "q_s=16*W*R*(pi*d**3)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Strain Energy stored\n",

-      "U=32*W**2*R**3*n*(G*d**4)**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Deflection Produced\n",

-      "dell=64*W*R**3*n*(G*d**4)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stiffness Spring\n",

-      "k=W*dell**-1 #N/mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max shear stress is\",round(q_s,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Strain Energy stored is\",round(U,2),\"N-mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Deflection Produced is\",round(dell,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Stiffness spring is\",round(k,2),\"N/mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max shear stress is 99.47 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Strain Energy stored is 16479.49 N-mm\n",

-        "Deflection Produced is 73.24 mm\n",

-        "Stiffness spring is 6.14 N/mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 20

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.23,Page No.255"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "K=5 #N/mm #Stiffness\n",

-      "L=100 #mm #Solid Length\n",

-      "q_s=60 #N/mm**2 #Max shear stress\n",

-      "W=200 #N #Max Load\n",

-      "G=80*10**3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#K=W*dell**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#d=0.004*R**3*n   ........(1) #mm #Diameter of wire\n",

-      "#n=L*d**-1         ........(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Shearing stress\n",

-      "#q_s=16*W*R*(pi*d**3)**-1 \n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#d**4=0.004*R**3*n    .................(4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Equation 1,2,3\n",

-      "#d**4=0.004*(0.0785*d**3)**3*100*d**-1\n",

-      "#after further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d=5168.101**0.25\n",

-      "n=100*d**-1\n",

-      "R=(d**4*(0.004*n)**-1)**0.3333\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Diameter of Wire is\",round(d,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"No.of turns is\",round(n,2)\n",

-      "print\"Mean Radius of spring is\",round(R,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Diameter of Wire is 8.48 mm\n",

-        "No.of turns is 11.79\n",

-        "Mean Radius of spring is 47.83 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 21

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.24,Page No.255"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "m=5*10**5 #Wagon Weighing\n",

-      "v=18*1000*36000**-1 \n",

-      "d=300 #mm #Diameter of Beffer springs\n",

-      "n=18 #no.of turns\n",

-      "G=80*10**3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "dell=225\n",

-      "R=100 #mm #Mean Radius\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Energy of Wagon\n",

-      "E=m*v**2*(9.81*2)**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Load applied\n",

-      "W=dell*G*d**4*(64*R**3*n)**-1 #N \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Energy each spring can absorb is\n",

-      "E2=W*dell*2**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#No.of springs required to absorb energy of Wagon\n",

-      "n2=E*E2**-1 *10**7\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"No.of springs Required for Buffer is\",round(n2,2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "No.of springs Required for Buffer is 4.47\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 22

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.25,Page No.259"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "b=180 #mm #width of flange\n",

-      "d=10 #mm #Depth of flange\n",

-      "t=10 #mm #Thickness of flange\n",

-      "D=400 #mm #Overall Depth \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "I_xx=1*12**-1*(b*D**3-(b-t)*(D-2*d)**3)\n",

-      "I_yy=1*12**-1*((D-2*d)*t**3+2*t*b**3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#If warping is neglected\n",

-      "J=I_xx+I_yy #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Since b/d>1.6,we get\n",

-      "J2=1*3**-1*d**3*b*(1-0.63*d*b**-1)*2+1*3**-1*t**3*(D-2*d)*(1-0.63*t*b**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Over Estimation of torsional Rigidity would have been \n",

-      "T=J*J2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Error in assessing torsional Rigidity if the warping is neglected is\",round(T,2)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Error in assessing torsional Rigidity if the warping is neglected is 808.28\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 23

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 6.6.26,Page No.261"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d1=100 #mm #Outer Diameter\n",

-      "d2=95 #mm #Inner Diameter\n",

-      "T=2*10**6 #N-mm #Torque\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "J=pi*32**-1*(d1**4-d2**4) #mm**4 #Polar Modulus\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress\n",

-      "q_max=T*J**-1*d1*2**-1 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now theta*L**-1=T*(G*J)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#Let theta*L**-1=X\n",

-      "X=T*J**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now Treating it as very thin walled tube\n",

-      "d=(d1+d2)*2**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "r=d*2**-1 \n",

-      "t=(d1-d2)*2**-1\n",

-      "q_max2=T*(2*pi*r**2*t)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X2=T*(2*pi*r**3*t)**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"When it is treated as hollow shaft:Max shear stress\",round(q_max,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                  :Angle of Twist per unit Length\",round(X,3)\n",

-      "print\"When it is very thin Walled Tube  :Max shear stress\",round(q_max2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                  :Angle of twist per Unit Length\",round(X2,3)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "When it is treated as hollow shaft:Max shear stress 54.91 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                  :Angle of Twist per unit Length 1.098\n",

-        "When it is very thin Walled Tube  :Max shear stress 53.57 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                  :Angle of twist per Unit Length 1.099\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 24

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_7_GmkvL5A.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_7_GmkvL5A.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 16a15154..00000000
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_7_GmkvL5A.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1309 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "chapter 7.ipynb"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter No.7:Compound Stresses And Strains"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 7.1,Page No.269"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "sigma1=30 #N/mm**2 #Stress in tension\n",

-      "d=20 #mm #Diameter \n",

-      "sigma2=90 #N/mm**2 #Max compressive stress\n",

-      "sigma3=25 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#In TEnsion\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Corresponding stress in shear\n",

-      "P=sigma1*2**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Tensile force\n",

-      "F=pi*4**-1*d**2*sigma1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#In Compression\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Correspong shear stress\n",

-      "P2=sigma2*2**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Correspong compressive(axial) stress\n",

-      "p=2*sigma3 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Corresponding Compressive force\n",

-      "P3=p*pi*4**-1*d**2 #N\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Failure Loads are:\",round(F,2),\"N\"\n",

-      "print\"                 :\",round(P3,2),\"N\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Failure Loads are: 9424.78 N\n",

-        "                 : 15707.96 N\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.2,Page No.270"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=25 #mm #Diameter of circular bar\n",

-      "F=20*10**3 #N #Axial Force\n",

-      "theta=30 #Degree #angle \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Axial stresses\n",

-      "p=F*(pi*4**-1*d**2)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Normal Stress\n",

-      "p_n=p*(cos(30*pi*180**-1))**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Tangential Stress\n",

-      "p_t=p*2**-1*sin(2*theta*pi*180**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress occurs on plane where theta2=45 \n",

-      "theta2=45\n",

-      "sigma_max=p*2**-1*sin(2*theta2*pi*180**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stresses developed on a plane making 30 degree is:\",round(p_n,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                                 :\",round(p_t,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"stress on max shear stress is\",round(sigma_max,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stresses developed on a plane making 30 degree is: 30.56 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                                 : 17.64 N/mm**2\n",

-        "stress on max shear stress is 20.37 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.3,Page No.272"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "theta=30 #degree\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stresses acting on material\n",

-      "p1=120 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p2=80 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Normal Stress\n",

-      "P_n=(p1+p2)*2**-1+(p1-p2)*2**-1*cos(2*theta*pi*180**-1) #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Tangential stress\n",

-      "P_t=(p1-p2)*2**-1*sin(2*theta*pi*180**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Resultant stress\n",

-      "P=(P_n**2+P_t**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Inclination to the plane\n",

-      "phi=arctan(P_n*P_t**-1)*(180*pi**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Angle made by resultant with 120 #N/mm**2 stress\n",

-      "phi2=phi+theta #Degree\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Normal Stress is\",round(P_n,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Tangential Stress is\",round(P_t,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Angle made by resultant\",round(phi2,2),\"Degree\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Normal Stress is 110.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Tangential Stress is 17.32 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Angle made by resultant 111.05 Degree\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.4,Page No.272"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Direct Stresses\n",

-      "P1=60 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "P2=100 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Theta=25 #Degree #Angle\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Normal Stress\n",

-      "P_n=(P1-P2)*2**-1+(P1+P2)*2**-1*cos(2*Theta*pi*180**-1) #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Tangential Stress\n",

-      "P_t=(P1+P2)*2**-1*sin(Theta*2*pi*180**-1) #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Resultant stress\n",

-      "P=(P_n**2+P_t**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "theta2=arctan(P_n*P_t**-1)*(180*pi**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stresses on the plane AC is:\",round(P_n,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                            \",round(P_t,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stresses on the plane AC is: 31.42 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                             61.28 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.6,Page No.278"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stresses acting on material\n",

-      "p_x=180 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "p_y=120 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "q=80 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "theta=arctan(2*q*(p_x-p_y)**-1)*(180*pi**-1) #degrees\n",

-      "theta2=theta*2**-1 #Degrees\n",

-      "theta3=theta+180 #Degrees\n",

-      "theta4=theta3*2**-1 #Degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stresses\n",

-      "p_1=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p_2=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1-(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max=(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Magnitude of Principal stress is:\",round(p_1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                 \",round(p_2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Magnitude of max shear stress is\",round(q_max,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Magnitude of Principal stress is: 235.44 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                  64.56 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Magnitude of max shear stress is 85.44 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.7,Page No.279"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#stresses\n",

-      "p_x=60 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p_y=-40 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "q=10 #N/mm**2 #shear stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal Stresses\n",

-      "p1=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p2=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1-(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max=(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Inclination of principal stress to plane\n",

-      "theta=arctan(2*q*(p_x-p_y)**-1)*(180*pi**-1)#Degrees\n",

-      "theta2=(theta)*2**-1 #degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "theta3=(theta+180)*2**-1  #degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Principal Stresses are:\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                      :\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Max shear stresses\",round(q_max,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Principal Stresses are: 60.99 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                      : -40.99 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Max shear stresses 50.99 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.8,Page No.280"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#stresses\n",

-      "p_x=-120 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p_y=-80 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "q=-60 #N/mm**2 #shear stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal Stresses\n",

-      "p1=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p2=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1-(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max=(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Inclination of principal stress to plane\n",

-      "theta=arctan(2*q*(p_x-p_y)**-1)*(180*pi**-1)#Degrees\n",

-      "theta2=(theta)*2**-1 #degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "theta3=(theta+180)*2**-1  #degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Principal Stresses are:\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                      :\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Max shear stresses\",round(q_max,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Principal Stresses are: -36.75 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                      : -163.25 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Max shear stresses 63.25 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.9,Page No.282"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#stresses\n",

-      "p_x=-40 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p_y=80 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "q=48 #N/mm**2 #shear stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max=((((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2)+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Inclination of principal stress to plane\n",

-      "theta=arctan(2*q*(p_x-p_y)**-1)*(180*pi**-1)#Degrees\n",

-      "theta2=(theta)*2**-1 #degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "theta3=(theta+180)*2**-1  #degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Normal Corresponding stress\n",

-      "p_n=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+(p_x-p_y)*2**-1*cos(2*(theta2+45)*pi*180**-1)+q*sin(2*(theta2+45)*pi*180**-1) #Degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Resultant stress\n",

-      "p=((p_n**2+q_max**2)**0.5) #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "phi=arctan(p_n*q_max**-1)*(180*pi**-1) #Degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Inclination to the plane\n",

-      "alpha=round((theta2+45),2)+round(phi ,2)#Degree\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Answer in book is incorrect of alpha ie41.25\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Planes of max shear stress:\",round(p_n,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                           \",round(q_max,2),\"N/mm*2\"\n",

-      "print\"Resultant Stress is\",round(p,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Planes of max shear stress: 20.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                            76.84 N/mm*2\n",

-        "Resultant Stress is 79.4 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.10,Page No.283"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stresses\n",

-      "p_x=50*cos(35*pi*180**-1)\n",

-      "q=50*sin(35*pi*180**-1)\n",

-      "p_y=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "theta=40 #Degrees #Plane AB inclined to vertical\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Normal Stress on AB\n",

-      "p_n=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+(p_x-p_y)*2**-1*cos(2*theta*pi*180**-1)+q*sin(2*theta*pi*180**-1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Tangential Stress on AB\n",

-      "p_t=(p_x-p_y)*2**-1*sin(2*theta*pi*180**-1)-q*cos(2*theta*pi*180**-1) #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Resultant stress\n",

-      "p=(p_n**2+p_t**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Angle of resultant\n",

-      "phi=arctan(p_n*p_t**-1)*(180*pi**-1) #degrees\n",

-      "phi2=phi+theta #Degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Magnitude of resultant stress is\",round(p,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Direction of Resultant stress is\",round(phi2,2),\"Degrees\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Magnitude of resultant stress is 54.44 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Direction of Resultant stress is 113.8 Degrees\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.12,Page No.285"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Direct stresses\n",

-      "p_x=120 #N/mm**2 #Tensile stress\n",

-      "p_y=-100 #N/mm**2 #Compressive stress\n",

-      "p1=160 #N/mm**2 #Major principal stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let q be the shearing stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#p1=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+((((p_x+p_y)*2**-1)**2)+q**2)**0.5\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "q=(p1-((p_x+p_y)*2**-1))**2-((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "q2=(q)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Minimum Principal stress\n",

-      "p2=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1-(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q2**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shearing stress\n",

-      "q_max=(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q2**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Shearing stress of material\",round(q,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Min Principal stress\",round(p2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Max shearing stress\",round(q_max,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Shearing stress of material 10400.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Min Principal stress -140.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Max shearing stress 150.0 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.14,Page No.291"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "F=40*10**3 #N #Shear Force\n",

-      "M=20*10**6 #Bending Moment\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Rectangular section\n",

-      "b=100 #mm #Width\n",

-      "d=200 #mm #Depth\n",

-      "\n",

-      "x=20 #mm #Distance from Top surface upto point\n",

-      "y=80 #mm #Distance from point to Bottom\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b*d**3 #mm**4 #M.I\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At 20 mm Below top Fibre\n",

-      "f_x=M*I**-1*y #N/mm**2 #Stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Assuming sagging moment ,f_x is compressive p_x=f_x=-24 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p_x=f_x=-24 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shearing stress\n",

-      "q=F*(b*I)**-1*(b*x*(b-x*2**-1)) #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Direct stresses\n",

-      "\n",

-      "p_y=0 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "p1=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+(((p_x+p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p2=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1-(((p_x+p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Directions of principal stresses at a point below 20mm is:\",round(p1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                                          \",round(p2,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Directions of principal stresses at a point below 20mm is: 0.05 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                                           -24.05 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.15,Page No.292"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=4000 #mm #Span\n",

-      "W1=W2=W3=2*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#SEction of beam\n",

-      "b=100 #mm #Width\n",

-      "d=240 #mm #Dept\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let R_A and R_B be the reactions\n",

-      "R_A=R_B=(W1+W2+W3)*2**-1 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now at the section 1.5m from left support A\n",

-      "#Shear Force\n",

-      "F=R_A-W1 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M\n",

-      "M=R_A*1.5-W1*0.5 #KN-m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b*d**3 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending stress\n",

-      "#f=M*I**-1*y\n",

-      "#After Sub values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#f=3.04*10**-2*y\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#As it varies Linearly\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#at distance 0 From NA \n",

-      "f1=0\n",

-      "#at distance 60 mm from NA\n",

-      "f2=1.823 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#at distance 120 mm from NA\n",

-      "f3=3.646 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shearing stress\n",

-      "q=F*b*d*2**-1*d*4**-1*(b*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At 60 mm above NA\n",

-      "q2=F*b*d*4**-1*(d*2**-1-d*8**-1)*(b*I)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At 120 mm above NA\n",

-      "q3=0 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At NA element is under pure shear\n",

-      "p1=q #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p2=-q #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Inclination of principal plane to vertical\n",

-      "#theta=2*q*0**-1\n",

-      "#Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#theta=infinity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#therefore\n",

-      "theta=90*2**-1 #degrees\n",

-      "theta2=270*2**-1 #degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At 60 mm From NA\n",

-      "p_x=-1.823 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "p_y=0\n",

-      "q=0.0469 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#principal planes\n",

-      "P1=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+(((p_x+p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "P2=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1-(((p_x+p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal planes inclination to hte plane of p_x is given by\n",

-      "theta3=(arctan(2*q*(p_x-p_y)**-1)*(180*pi**-1))\n",

-      "theta4=theta3*2**-1#degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "theta5=theta3+180 #Degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At 120 mm From N-A\n",

-      "p_x2=3.646 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p_y2=0 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "q2=0 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P3=p_x2 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "P4=0 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Answer for P2 at 60 mm  from NA is incorrect\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Principal Planes at 60 mm from NA:\",round(p_x,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                  \",round(p_y,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Principal Stresses at 60 mm From NA\",round(P1,4),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                   \",round(P2,4),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Principal Planes at 60 mm from NA:\",round(p_x2,4),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                  \",round(p_y2,4),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Principal Stresses at 60 mm From NA\",round(P3,4),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                   \",round(P4,4),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Principal Planes at 60 mm from NA: -1.82 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                   0.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Principal Stresses at 60 mm From NA 0.0012 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                    -1.8242 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Principal Planes at 60 mm from NA: 3.646 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                   0.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Principal Stresses at 60 mm From NA 3.646 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                    0.0 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.16,Page No.295"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=8000 #mm #Span of beam\n",

-      "w=40*10**6 #N/mm #udl\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#I-section\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flanges\n",

-      "b=100 #mm #Width\n",

-      "t=10 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=400 #mm #Overall Depth\n",

-      "t2=10 #mm #thickness of web\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let R_A and R_B be the Reactions at A & B respectively\n",

-      "R_A=w*2**-1*L*10**-9 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear force at 2m for left support\n",

-      "F=R_A-2*w*10**-6 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Moment\n",

-      "M=R_A*2-2*w*10**-6 #KN-m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b*D**3-1*12**-1*(b-t)*(D-2*t2)**3 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending stress at 100 mm above N_A\n",

-      "f=M*10**6*I**-1*b\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress \n",

-      "q=F*10**3*(t*I)**-1*(b*t*(D-t)*2**-1 +t2*(b-t2)*145) #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "p_x=-197.06 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "p_y=0 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "q=21.38 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal Stresses\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P1=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "P2=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1-(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max=(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Principal Stresses are:\",round(P1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                       \",round(P2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Max shear stress\",round(q_max,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Principal Stresses are: 2.29 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                        -199.35 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Max shear stress 100.82 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.18,Page No.298"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=100 #mm #Diameter of shaft\n",

-      "M=3*10**6 #N-mm #B.M\n",

-      "T=6*10**6 #N-mm #Twisting Moment\n",

-      "mu=0.3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max principal Stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "P1=16*(pi*d**3)**-1*(M+(M**2+T**2)**0.5) #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "P2=16*(pi*d**3)**-1*(M-(M**2+T**2)**0.5) #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Direct stress\n",

-      "P=round(P1,2)-mu*round(P2,2) #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Principal stresses are:\",round(P1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                      :\",round(P2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Stress Producing the same strain is\",round(P,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Principal stresses are: 49.44 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                      : -18.89 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Stress Producing the same strain is 55.11 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.19,Page No.299"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=75 #mm #diameter \n",

-      "P=30*10**6 #W #Power transmitted\n",

-      "W=6 #N-mm/sec #Load\n",

-      "L=1000 #mm \n",

-      "N=300 #r.p.m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#B.M\n",

-      "M=W*L*4**-1 #N-mm\n",

-      "T=P*60*(2*pi*N)**-1 #Torque transmitted\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I\n",

-      "I=pi*64**-1*d**4 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending stress\n",

-      "f_A=M*I**-1*(d*2**-1) #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At A\n",

-      "p_x=f_A\n",

-      "p_y=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar Modulus\n",

-      "J=pi*32**-1*d**4 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shearing stress\n",

-      "q=T*J**-1*(d*2**-1) #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal Stresses\n",

-      "P1=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "P2=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1-(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max=(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending stress\n",

-      "p_x2=0\n",

-      "p_y2=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shearing stress\n",

-      "q2=T*J**-1*d*2**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal stresses\n",

-      "P3=(p_x2+p_y2)*2**-1+(((p_x2-p_y2)*2**-1)**2+q2**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "P4=(p_x2+p_y2)*2**-1-(((p_x2-p_y2)*2**-1)**2+q2**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max2=(((p_x2-p_y2)*2**-1)**2+q2**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Answer for Principal Stresses P1,P2 and Max stress i.e q_max is incorrect in Book\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Principal Stresses at vertical Diameter:P1\",round(P1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                       :P2\",round(P2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Max stress at vertical Diameter        :  \",round(q_max,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Principal Stresses at Horizontal Diameter:P3\",round(P3,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                                       :P4\",round(P4,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Max stress at Horizontal Diameter      :  \",round(q_max2,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Principal Stresses at vertical Diameter:P1 11.55 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                       :P2 -11.51 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Max stress at vertical Diameter        :   11.53 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Principal Stresses at Horizontal Diameter:P3 11.53 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                                       :P4 -11.53 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Max stress at Horizontal Diameter      :   11.53 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.20,Page No.302"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d1=100 #mm #External Diameter\n",

-      "d2=50  #mm #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "N=500  #mm #r.p.m\n",

-      "P=60*10**6 #N-mm/sec #Power\n",

-      "p=100 #N/mm**2 #principal stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I\n",

-      "I=pi*(d1**4-d2**4)*64**-1 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending Stress\n",

-      "#f=M*I*d1*2**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal Planes\n",

-      "#p_x=32*M*(pi*(d1**4-d2**4))*d1\n",

-      "#p_y=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shear stress\n",

-      "#q=T*J**-1*(d1*2**-1)\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#q=16*T*d1*(pi*(d1**4-d2**4))*d1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal stresses\n",

-      "#P1=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#P1=16*(pi*(d1**4-d2**4))*d1*(M+(M**2+t**2)**0.5)  ...............(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#P=2*pi*N*T*60**-1\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "T=P*60*(2*pi*N)**-1*10**-6 #N-mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Again Sub values and further simplifying Equation 1 we get\n",

-      "M=(337.533)*(36.84)**-1 #KN-m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Min Principal stress\n",

-      "#P2=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1-(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#Sub values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "P2=16*(pi*(d1**4-d2**4))*d1*(M-(M**2+T**2)**0.5)*10**-11\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Bending Moment safely applied to shaft is\",round(M,2),\"KN-m\"\n",

-      "print\"Min Principal Stress is\",round(P2,3),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Bending Moment safely applied to shaft is 9.16 KN-m\n",

-        "Min Principal Stress is -0.336 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 16

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.21,Page No.303"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=150 #mm #Diameter\n",

-      "T=20*10**6 #N #Torque\n",

-      "M=12*10**6 #N-mm #B.M\n",

-      "F=200*10**3 #N #Axial Thrust\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I\n",

-      "I=(pi*64**-1*d**4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Bending stress \n",

-      "f_A=M*I**-1*(d*2**-1) #N/mm**2\n",

-      "f_B=-f_A #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Axial thrust due to thrust\n",

-      "sigma=F*(pi*4**-1*d**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At A\n",

-      "p_x=f_A-sigma #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At B\n",

-      "p_x2=f_B-sigma #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "p_y=0 #At A and B\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Polar Modulus\n",

-      "J=pi*32**-1*d**4 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Shearing stress at A and B\n",

-      "q=T*J**-1*(d*2**-1) #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal Stresses\n",

-      "#At A\n",

-      "P1=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1+(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "P2=(p_x+p_y)*2**-1-(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max1=(((p_x-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At B\n",

-      "P1_2=(p_x2+p_y)*2**-1+(((p_x2-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "P2_2=(p_x2+p_y)*2**-1-(((p_x2-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max2=(((p_x2-p_y)*2**-1)**2+q**2)**0.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"MAx Principal Stresses:P1\",round(P1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                      :P2\",round(P2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Min Principal Stresses:P1_2\",round(P1_2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                      :P2_2\",round(P2_2,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "MAx Principal Stresses:P1 45.1 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                      :P2 -20.2 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Min Principal Stresses:P1_2 14.65 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                      :P2_2 -62.18 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.22,Page No.311"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#strains\n",

-      "e_A=500 #microns\n",

-      "e_B=250 #microns\n",

-      "e_C=-150 #microns\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "mu=0.3 #Poissoin's ratio\n",

-      "theta=45 #Degrees\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "e_x=e_A=500\n",

-      "e_45=e_B=250\n",

-      "e_y=e_C=-150 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#e_45=(e_x+e_y)*2**-1+(e_x-e_y)*2**-1*cos(2*theta)+rho_x_y*2**-1*sin(2*theta)\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "rho_x_y=(e_45-(e_x+e_y)*2**-1-(e_x-e_y)*2**-1*cos(2*theta*pi*180**-1))*(sin(2*theta*pi*180**-1))**-1*2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal strains are given by\n",

-      "e1=(e_x+e_y)*2**-1+(((e_x-e_y)*2**-1)**2+(rho_x_y*2**-1)**2)**0.5 #microns\n",

-      "e2=(e_x+e_y)*2**-1-(((e_x-e_y)*2**-1)**2+(rho_x_y*2**-1)**2)**0.5 #microns\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal Stresses\n",

-      "sigma1=E*(e1+mu*e2)*(1-mu**2)**-1*10**-6 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "sigma2=E*(e2+mu*e1)*(1-mu**2)**-1*10**-6 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Principal Strains are:e1\",round(e1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                     :e2\",round(e2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Principal Stresses are:sigma1\",round(sigma1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                      :sigma2\",round(sigma2,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Principal Strains are:e1 508.54 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                     :e2 -158.54 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Principal Stresses are:sigma1 101.31 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                      :sigma2 -1.31 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 18

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example No.7.23,Page No.313"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Strains\n",

-      "e_A=600 #microns\n",

-      "e_B=-450 #microns\n",

-      "e_C=100 #micron\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "mu=0.3 #Poissoin's ratio\n",

-      "theta=240\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "e_x=e_A=600\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#e_A=(e_x+e_y)*2**-1+(e_x-e_y)*2**-1*cos(theta)+rho_x_y*2**-1*sin(theta)\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#-450=(e_x+e_y)*2**-1-(e_x-e_y)*2**-1*(0.5)-0.866*2**-1*rho_x_y   .....................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#e_C=(e_x+e_y)*2**-1+(e_x-e_y)*2**-1*cos(2*theta)+rho_x_y*2**-1*sin(2*theta)\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#100=(e_x+e_y)*2**-1-0.5*(e_x-e_y)*2**-1*(0.5)-0.866*2**-1*rho_x_y   .....................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Adding Equation 1 and 2 we get equations as\n",

-      "#-350=e_x+e_y-(e_x-e_y)*2**-1    ...............(3)\n",

-      "#Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "\n",

-      "e_y=(-700-e_x)*3**-1    #micron              \n",

-      "\n",

-      "rho_x_y=(e_C-(e_x+e_y)*2**-1-(e_x-e_y)*2**-1*cos(2*theta*pi*180**-1))*(sin(2*theta*pi*180**-1))**-1*2 #micron\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal strains\n",

-      "e1=(e_x+e_y)*2**-1-(((e_x-e_y)*2**-1)**2+(rho_x_y*2**-1)**2)**0.5 #microns\n",

-      "e2=(e_x+e_y)*2**-1+(((e_x-e_y)*2**-1)**2+(rho_x_y*2**-1)**2)**0.5 #microns\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal Stresses\n",

-      "sigma1=E*(e1+mu*e2)*(1-mu**2)**-1*10**-6 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "sigma2=E*(e2+mu*e1)*(1-mu**2)**-1*10**-6 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Principal Stresses are:sigma1\",round(sigma1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                      :sigma2\",round(sigma2,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Principal Stresses are:sigma1 -69.49 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                      :sigma2 117.11 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_8.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_8.ipynb
index 2cf267c6..a03cf09d 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_8.ipynb
+++ b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_8.ipynb
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -105,6 +106,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -195,6 +197,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -242,6 +245,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -292,6 +296,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -339,6 +344,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -417,6 +423,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -472,6 +479,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -514,6 +522,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -576,6 +585,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "%matplotlib  inline\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

@@ -680,11 +690,11 @@
        "output_type": "display_data",

        "png": 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psPpzP4zq6moEBwfj999/N6pCuTGRkD7V1UBaWt0zXZyc6p7p8ucyJqJ2Q9YFiQEBAdJ0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\nRERkEiYSIiIyCRMJERGZhImEiIhM8v8BOmQpuVllnG0AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",

        "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x4fa1390>"

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x4d30390>"

        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

+     "prompt_number": 1

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

@@ -699,6 +709,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "%matplotlib  inline\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

@@ -789,7 +800,7 @@
        "output_type": "display_data",

        "png": 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29vaQJAknTpx4bAP379/HiBEjMGzYMMycOdNwT41GA1dXV2RkZGDgwIEcMiIi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\nSUVORK5CYII=\n",

        "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x57bea30>"

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x563ec90>"

        ]

       }

      ],

@@ -808,6 +819,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -876,6 +888,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -942,6 +955,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1040,6 +1054,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "%matplotlib  inline\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

@@ -1184,7 +1199,7 @@
        "output_type": "display_data",

        "png": 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REZH1qTJR1K5dG3Z2ZT/24MEDRQMiIiLLUmWiGD58OCZNmoSCggJ8+eWXiIiI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\nEenEREFERDoxURARkU7/H21GIMqBrUIbAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

        "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x57dbb10>"

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5576590>"

        ]

       },

       {

@@ -1192,7 +1207,7 @@
        "output_type": "display_data",

        "png": 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HAHzwwQdYvnw51qxZg6amJgQHB5usgkREZF5aexQtuyiHDh3C9OnT1SdY6b1R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\n",

        "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x57dc090>"

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x566a330>"

        ]

       }

      ],

@@ -1211,6 +1226,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1297,6 +1313,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

       "\n",

@@ -1414,6 +1431,7 @@
      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

       "import math\n",

+      "import numpy as np\n",

       "%matplotlib  inline\n",

       "\n",

       "#Initilization of Variables\n",

@@ -1500,11 +1518,11 @@
        "output_type": "display_data",

        "png": 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        "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5912830>"

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5539890>"

        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 18

+     "prompt_number": 2

     }

    ],

    "metadata": {}

diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_8_UkZEJDL.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_8_UkZEJDL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index a03cf09d..00000000
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_8_UkZEJDL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1531 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "chapter 8.ipynb"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter No.8:Thin And Thick Cyclinders And Spheres"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.1,Page No.322"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=3000 #mm #Length\n",

-      "d1=1000 #mm #Internal diameter\n",

-      "t=15 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "P=1.5 #N/mm**2 #Fluid Pressure\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #n/mm**2 #Modulus of elasticity\n",

-      "mu=0.3 #Poissoin's ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Hoop stress\n",

-      "f1=P*d1*(2*t)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Longitudinal Stress\n",

-      "f2=P*d1*(4*t)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max shear stress\n",

-      "q_max=(f1-f2)*2**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Diametrical Strain\n",

-      "#Let e1=dell_d*d**-1  .....................(1)\n",

-      "e1=(f1-mu*f2)*E**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub values in equation 1 and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "dell_d=e1*d1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Longitudinal strain\n",

-      "#e2=dell_L*L**-1      ......................(2)\n",

-      "e2=(f2-mu*f1)*E**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub values in equation 2 and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "dell_L=e2*L #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Change in Volume \n",

-      "#Let Z=dell_V*V**-1      ................(3)\n",

-      "Z=2*e1+e2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub values in equation 3 and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "dell_V=Z*pi*4**-1*d1**2*L\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max Intensity of shear stress\",round(q_max,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Change in the Dimensions of the shell is:dell_d\",round(dell_d,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                                        :dell_L\",round(dell_L,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                                        :dell_V\",round(dell_V,2),\"mm**3\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max Intensity of shear stress 12.5 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Change in the Dimensions of the shell is:dell_d 0.21 mm\n",

-        "                                        :dell_L 0.15 mm\n",

-        "                                        :dell_V 1119192.38 mm**3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.2,Page No.323"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=2000 #mm #Length\n",

-      "d=200 #mm # diameter\n",

-      "t=10 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "dell_V=25000 #mm**3 #Additional volume\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #n/mm**2 #Modulus of elasticity\n",

-      "mu=0.3 #Poissoin's ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let p be the pressure developed\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Circumferential Stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#f1=p*d*(2*t)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying\n",

-      "#f1=10*p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#f1=p*d*(4*t)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying\n",

-      "#f1=5*p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Diameterical strain = Circumferential stress\n",

-      "#Let X=dell_d*d**-1     ................................(1)\n",

-      "#X=e1=(f1-mu*f2)*E**-1 \n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying\n",

-      "#e1=8.5*p*E**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Longitudinal strain\n",

-      "#Let Y=dell_L*L**-1    ......................................(2)\n",

-      "#Y=e2=(f2-mu*f1)*E**-1 \n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying\n",

-      "#e2=2*p*E**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Volumetric strain\n",

-      "#Let X=dell_V*V**-1    \n",

-      "#X=2*e1+e2\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying\n",

-      "#X=19*p*E**-1\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "p=dell_V*(pi*4**-1*d**2*L)**-1*E*19**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Hoop Stress\n",

-      "f1=p*d*(2*t)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X=e1=8.5*p*E**-1\n",

-      "#Sub value of X in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "dell_d=8.5*p*E**-1*d\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Y=e2=2*p*E**-1\n",

-      "#Sub value of Y in equation 2 we get\n",

-      "dell_L=2*p*E**-1*L\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Pressure Developed is\",round(p,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Hoop stress Developed is\",round(f1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Change in diameter is\",round(dell_d,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"Change in Length is\",round(dell_L,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Pressure Developed is 4.19 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Hoop stress Developed is 41.88 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Change in diameter is 0.04 mm\n",

-        "Change in Length is 0.08 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.3,Page No.324"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=750 #mm #Diameter of water supply pipes\n",

-      "h=50*10**3 #mm #Water head\n",

-      "sigma=20 #N/mm**2 #Permissible stress\n",

-      "rho=9810*10**-9 #N/mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Pressure of water\n",

-      "P=rho*h #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Stress\n",

-      "#sigma=p*d*(2*t)**-1\n",

-      "#After further simplifying\n",

-      "t=P*d*(2*sigma)**-1 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Thickness of seamless pipe is\",round(t,3),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Thickness of seamless pipe is 9.197 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.4,Page No.326"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=2500 #mm #Diameter of riveted boiler\n",

-      "P=1 #N/mm**2 #Pressure\n",

-      "rho1=0.7 #Percent efficiency\n",

-      "rho2=0.4 #Circumferential joints\n",

-      "sigma=150 #N/mm**2 #Permissible stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Equating Bursting force to longitudinal joint strength ,we get\n",

-      "#p*d*L=rho1*2*t*L*sigma\n",

-      "#After rearranging and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "t=P*d*(2*sigma*rho1)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Considering Longitudinal force\n",

-      "#pi*d**2*4**-1*P=rho2*pi*d*t*sigma\n",

-      "#After rearranging and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "t2=P*d*(4*sigma*rho2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Thickness of plate required is\",round(t,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Thickness of plate required is 11.9 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.5,Page No.326"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Boiler Dimensions\n",

-      "t=16 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "p=2 #N/mm**2 #internal pressure\n",

-      "f=150 #N/mm**2 #Permissible stress\n",

-      "rho1=0.75 #Longitudinal joints\n",

-      "rho2=0.45 #circumferential joints\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Equating Bursting force to longitudinal joint strength ,we get\n",

-      "d1=rho1*2*t*f*p**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Considering circumferential strength \n",

-      "d2=4*rho2*t*f*p**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Largest diameter of Boiler is\",round(d1,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Largest diameter of Boiler is 1800.0 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.6,Page No.329"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=250 #mm #Diameter iron pipe\n",

-      "t=10 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "d2=6 #mm #Diameter of steel\n",

-      "p=80 #N/mm**2 #stress\n",

-      "P=3 #N/mm**2 #Pressure\n",

-      "E_c=1*10**5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "mu=0.3 #poissoin's ratio\n",

-      "E_s=2*10**5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "n=1 #No.of wires\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=6 #mm #Length of cyclinder\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Force Exerted by steel wire at diameterical section\n",

-      "F=p*2*pi*d2**2*1*4**-1 #N\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initial stress in cyclinder\n",

-      "f_c=F*(2*t*d2)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#LEt due to fluid pressure alone stresses developed in steel wire be F_w and in cyclinder f1 and f2\n",

-      "f2=P*d*(4*t)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Considering the equilibrium of half the cyclinder, 6mm long we get\n",

-      "#F_w*2*pi*4**-1*d2**2*n+f1*2*t*d2=P*d*d2\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#F_w+2.122*f1=79.58        . ......................................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Equating strain in wire to circumferential strain in cyclinder \n",

-      "#F_w=(f1-mu*f2)*E_s*E_c**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#F_w=2*f1-11.25    ....................................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub in equation in1 we get\n",

-      "f1=(79.58+11.25)*(4.122)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "F_w=2*f1-11.25  #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Final stresses\n",

-      "#1) In steel Wire\n",

-      "sigma=F_w+p #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#2) In Cyclinder\n",

-      "sigma2=f1-f_c\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Final Stresses developed in:cyclinder is\",round(sigma,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                           :Steel is\",round(sigma2,2),\"N/mm**2\"   "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Final Stresses developed in:cyclinder is 112.82 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                           :Steel is -15.66 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.7,Page No.332"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=750 #mm #Diameter of shell\n",

-      "t=8 #mm #THickness\n",

-      "p=2.5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "mu=0.25 #Poissoin's ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Hoop stress\n",

-      "f1=f2=p*d*(4*t)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Change in Diameter\n",

-      "dell_d=d*p*d*(1-mu)*(4*t*E)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Change in Volume\n",

-      "dell_V=3*p*d*(1-mu)*(4*t*E)**-1*pi*6**-1*d**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Answer for Change in diameter is incorrect in book\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stress introduced is\",round(f1,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Change in Diameter is\",round(dell_d,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Change in Volume is\",round(dell_V,2),\"mm**3\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stress introduced is 58.59 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Change in Diameter is 0.16 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Change in Volume is 145608.33 mm**3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.8,Page No.333"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=600 #mm #Diameter of sherical shell\n",

-      "t=10 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "f=80 #N/mm**2 #Permissible stress\n",

-      "rho=0.75 #Efficiency joint\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Pressure\n",

-      "p=f*4*t*rho*d**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max Pressure is\",round(p,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max Pressure is 4.0 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.9,Page No.333"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=1000 #mm #Length of shell\n",

-      "d=200 #mm #Diameter\n",

-      "t=6 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "p=1.5 #N/mm**2 #Internal Pressure\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "mu=0.25 #Poissoin's Ratio\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Change in Volume of sphere\n",

-      "dell_V_s=3*p*d*(1-mu)*(4*t*E)**-1*pi*6**-1*d**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Hoop stress\n",

-      "f1=p*d*(2*t)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Longitudinal stress\n",

-      "f2=p*d*(4*t)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Principal strain\n",

-      "e1=(f1-mu*f2)*E**-1\n",

-      "e2=(f2-mu*f1)*E**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "V_c=1000 #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Change in Volume of cyclinder\n",

-      "dell_V_c=(2*e1+e2)*pi*4**-1*d**2*L\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Total Change in Diameter\n",

-      "dell_V=dell_V_s+dell_V_c #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Change in Volume is\",round(dell_V,2),\"mm**3\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Change in Volume is 8443.03 mm**3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.10,Page No.337"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d1=400 #mm #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "t=100 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "p=80 #N/mm**2 #Fluid pressure\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Internal Radius\n",

-      "r1=d1*2**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Outer Radius\n",

-      "r_o=r1+t #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "p1=80 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p2=0\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now From Lame's Euation\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a\n",

-      "#at x=200 #mm \n",

-      "p_x=80 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#80=b*(200**2)**-1-a     ..........................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#at x=300 #mm\n",

-      "#p_x2=0\n",

-      "#0=b*(300**2)**-1-a       ...........................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub equation 2 from 1\n",

-      "#80=b*(200**2)**-1-b*(300**2)**-1\n",

-      "#After Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "b=(50000)**-1*(200**2*300**2*80)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From equation 2 we get\n",

-      "a=b*(300**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variation of radial pressure p_x;\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Radial pressure Variation\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=200 #mm\n",

-      "p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x2=250 #mm\n",

-      "p_x2=b*(x2**2)**-1-a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x3=300 #mm\n",

-      "p_x3=b*(x3**2)**-1-a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Hoop stress Distribution\n",

-      "#Variation of F_x\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=200 #mm\n",

-      "F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x2=250 #mm\n",

-      "F_x2=b*(x2**2)**-1+a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x3=300 #mm\n",

-      "F_x3=b*(x3**2)**-1+a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max Hoop stress is\",round(F_x,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Min Hoop stress is\",round(F_x3,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Plot of Hoop stress\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting Variation of hoop stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[x,x2,x3]\n",

-      "Y1=[p_x,p_x2,p_x3]\n",

-      "Y2=[-F_x,-F_x2,-F_x3]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Y2,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in mm\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Radial Stress Distribution & Hoop Stress Distribution in N/mm**2\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max Hoop stress is 208.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Min Hoop stress is 128.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Plot of Hoop stress\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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skdWFW7ZsQffu3XH8+HGMGzcOY8aMAaA9wnfKlCkIDg7GmDFjEBcXJ7WK4uLi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\nbm5uYtOmTUII3b27hBBCoVCIHTt2CCG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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x4d30390>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.11,Page No.338"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d_o=300 #mm #Outside diameter \n",

-      "d2=200 #mm #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "p=14 #N/mm**2 #internal Fluid pressure\n",

-      "t=50 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "r_o=150 #mm #Outside Diameter\n",

-      "r2=100 #mm #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Lame's Equation\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a #N/mm**2    ...................(1)\n",

-      "#F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a #N/mm**2   ...................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=r2=100 #mm\n",

-      "p_x=14 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub value of p_x in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "#14=(100)**-1*b-a    ............................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x2=r_o=150 #mm\n",

-      "p_x2=0 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub value in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "#0=b*(150**2)**-1-a   ......................(4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Equations 3 and 4 we get\n",

-      "#14=b*(100**2)**-1-b*(100**2)**-1\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "b=14*100**2*150**2*(150**2-100**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From equation 4 we get\n",

-      "a=b*(150**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Hoop Stress\n",

-      "#F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=100 #mm\n",

-      "F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x2=125 #mm\n",

-      "F_x2=b*(x2**2)**-1+a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x3=150 #mm\n",

-      "F_x3=b*(x3**2)**-1+a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#If thin Cyclindrical shell theory is used,hoop stress is uniform and is given by\n",

-      "F=p*d2*(2*t)**-1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Percentage error in estimating max hoop tension\n",

-      "E=(F_x-F)*F_x**-1*100 #%\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Max Hoop Stress Developed in the cross-section is\",round(F,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Plot of Variation of hoop stress\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting Variation of hoop stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[x,x2,x3]\n",

-      "Y1=[F_x,F_x2,F_x3]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in mm\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Radial Stress Distribution & Hoop Stress Distribution in N/mm**2\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Max Hoop Stress Developed in the cross-section is 28.0 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Plot of Variation of hoop stress\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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29vaQJAknTpx4bAP379/HiBEjMGzYMMycOdNwT41GA1dXV2RkZGDgwIEcMiIi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\nSUVORK5CYII=\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x563ec90>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.12,Page No.339"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d_o=300 #mm #Outside diameter \n",

-      "d2=200 #mm #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "p=12 #N/mm**2 #internal Fluid pressure\n",

-      "F_max=16 #N/mm**2 #Tensile stress\n",

-      "r_o=150 #mm #Outside Diameter\n",

-      "r2=100 #mm #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let p_o be the External Pressure applied.\n",

-      "#From LLame's theorem\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a   ..............(1)\n",

-      "#F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a   ...........................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now At\n",

-      "x=100 #mm\n",

-      "p_x=12 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#sub in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "#12=b*(100**2)**-1-a    . ..................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#The Max Hoop stress occurs at least value of x where\n",

-      "x=r1=100 #mm\n",

-      "#16=b*(100**2)**-1+a      .......................(4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Equations 1 and 2 we get\n",

-      "#28=b*(100**2)**-1+b*(100**2)**-1\n",

-      "#After furhter Simplifying we get\n",

-      "b=28*100**2*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#sub in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "a=-(12-(b*(100**2)**-1))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Thus At\n",

-      "x2=150 #mm\n",

-      "p_o=b*(x2**2)**-1-a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Minimum External applied is\",round(p_o,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Minimum External applied is 4.22 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.13,Page No.340"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d1=160 #mm #Internal Diameter \n",

-      "r1=80 #mm #External Diameter\n",

-      "p1=40 #N/mm**2 #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "P_max=120 #N/mm**2 #Allowable stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Lame's Equation we have\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a       ..........................(1)\n",

-      "#F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a      ...........................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=r1=80 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "#Sub in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "#120=b*(80**2)**-1+a     ........................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#The hoop tension at inner edge is max stress\n",

-      "#Hence\n",

-      "#120=b*(80**2)**-1+a    .............................(4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Equation 3 and 4 we get\n",

-      "b=160*80**2*2**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub in equation 3 we get\n",

-      "a=-(40-(b*(80**2)**-1))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let External radius be r_o.Since at External Surface is Zero,we get\n",

-      "#0=b*(r_o)**-1-a\n",

-      "#After Further simplifying we get\n",

-      "r_o=(b*a**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Thickness of Cyclinder \n",

-      "t=r_o-r1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Thickness Required is\",round(t,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Thickness Required is 33.14 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.14,Page No.341"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d_o=300 #mm #Outside diameter \n",

-      "d1=180 #mm #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "p=12 #N/mm**2 #internal Fluid pressure\n",

-      "p_o=6 #N/mm**2 #External Pressure\n",

-      "r_o=150 #mm #Outside Diameter\n",

-      "r=90 #mm #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Lame's Equation we have\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a       ..........................(1)\n",

-      "#F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a      ...........................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=r1=90 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "p=42 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#Sub in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "#42=b*(90**2)**-1-a       ..............................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=r_o=150 #mm\n",

-      "p2=6 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#sub in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "#6=b*(150**2)**-1-a   ..............................(4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From equations 3 and 4  weget\n",

-      "#36=b*(90**2)**-1-b2(150**2)**-1\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "b=36*90**2*150**2*(150**2-90**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub value of b in equation 4 we get\n",

-      "a=b*(150**2)**-1-p_o\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=r1=90 #mm\n",

-      "F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x2=r_o=150 #mm \n",

-      "F_x2=b*(x2**2)**-1+a  #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now if External pressure is doubled i.e p_o2=12 #N/mm**2 We have\n",

-      "p_o2=12 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#sub in equation 4 we get\n",

-      "#12=b2*(150**2)**-1-a2                    ..........................(5)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Max Hoop stress is to be 70.5 #N/mm**2,which occurs at x=r1=90 #mm\n",

-      "#Sub in equation 4 we get\n",

-      "#70.5=b*(90**2)**-1+a2           ................................(6)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Adding equation 5 and 6\n",

-      "#82.5=b2*(150**2)**-1+b*(90**2)**-1\n",

-      "#After furhter simplifying we get\n",

-      "b2=82.5*150**2*90**2*(150**2+90**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub in equation 5 we get\n",

-      "a2=b2*(150**2)**-1-12 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#If p_i is the internal pressure required then from Lame's theorem\n",

-      "p_i=b2*(r1**2)**-1-a2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Stresses int the material are:F_x\",round(F_x,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                             :F_x2\",round(F_x2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Internal Pressure that can be maintained is\",round(p_i,2),\"N/mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Stresses int the material are:F_x 70.5 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                             :F_x2 34.5 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Internal Pressure that can be maintained is 50.82 N/mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.15,Page No.344"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "r1=200 #mm #Inner Radius\n",

-      "r2=250 #mm #Radius at common surface\n",

-      "r3=300 #mm #Outer radius\n",

-      "p=6 #N/mm**2 #Inital pressure\n",

-      "p2=80 #N/mm**2 #Pressure\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Inner Cyclinder:\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Lame's Equation we have\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a       ..........................(1)\n",

-      "#F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a      ...........................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=r1=200 #mm\n",

-      "p_x=0\n",

-      "#0=b1*(250**2)**-1-a1   .................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At x=r2=250 #mm\n",

-      "p_x2=6 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#6=b1*(250**2)-a1    ...................(4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Equation 3 and 4 we get\n",

-      "b1=6*200**2*250**2*(200**2-250**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From equation 3 we get\n",

-      "a1=b1*(200**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "F_200=b1*(200**2)**-1+a1\n",

-      "F_250=b1*(250**2)**-1+a1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#For outer cyclinder \n",

-      "#From Lame's Equation we have\n",

-      "#p_x2=b2*(x**2)**-1-a2       ..........................(5)\n",

-      "#F_x2=b2*(x**2)**-1+a2      ...........................(6)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x2=r2=250 #mm\n",

-      "p_x2=6 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#6=b2*(250**2)**-1-a2     ...........................(7)      \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x3=300 #mm\n",

-      "#p_x2=0\n",

-      "#0=b2**2*(300**2)**-1-a2     .................................(8)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#from equation 7 and 8 we get\n",

-      "b2=6*250**2*300**2*(300**2-250**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#sub in equation 8 we get\n",

-      "a2=b2*(300**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "F_250_2=b2*(250**2)**-1+a2\n",

-      "F_300_2=b2*(300**2)**-1+a2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#When Fluid is admitted\n",

-      "#Let Lame's equation be\n",

-      "#p_x3=b3*(x**2)**-1-a3       ..........................(5)\n",

-      "#F_x3=b3*(x**2)**-1+a3      ...........................(6)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At x=200\n",

-      "p_x3=80 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#80=b3*(200**2)**-1-a3    ................................(7)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At x=300 #mm\n",

-      "#p_x=0\n",

-      "#0=b3*(300**2)**-1-a3     ..............................(8)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#from Equation 7 and 8 we get\n",

-      "b3=80*200**2*300**2*(300**2-200**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Equation 8 we get\n",

-      "a3=b3*(300**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Hoop stresses \n",

-      "F_200_3=b3*(200**2)**-1+a3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "F_250_3=b3*(250**2)**-1+a3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "F_300_3=b3*(300**2)**-1+a3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Pressure at common surface\n",

-      "p_250=b3*(250**2)**-1-a3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#final stress\n",

-      "f_200=F_200+F_200_3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "f_250=F_250+F_250_3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "f_300=F_250_2+F_250_3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "f_300_2=F_300_2+F_300_3 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"final Hoop stress are:f_200\",round(f_200,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                     :f_250\",round(f_250,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                     :f_300\",round(f_300,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"                     :f_300_2\",round(f_300_2,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Variation of Hoop stress and Radial stress\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Final stresses\n",

-      "#Variation of hoop stress \n",

-      " \n",

-      "X1=[x,x2,x3,x3]\n",

-      "Y1=[f_200,f_250,f_300,f_300_2]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in mm\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Hoop Stress Distribution in N/mm**2\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Due to Fluid\n",

-      "#Variation of hoop stress \n",

-      " \n",

-      "X1=[x,x2,x3]\n",

-      "Y1=[F_200_3,F_250_3,F_300_3]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in mm\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Hoop Stress Distribution in N/mm**2\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n",

-      "\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "final Hoop stress are:f_200 174.67 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                     :f_250 128.83 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                     :f_300 189.43 N/mm**2\n",

-        "                     :f_300_2 155.27 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Variation of Hoop stress and Radial stress\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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MHz4cr7zyCmbPno1///vf1fIBnZeXp/l+8+bNmhVR0dHR+P7771FYWIjMzExcvHgRnTp1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\nEenEREFERDoxURARkU7/H21GIMqBrUIbAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5576590>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x566a330>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.16,Page No.348"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "do=200 #mm #Inner Diameter\n",

-      "r_o=100 #mm #Inner radius\n",

-      "d1=300 #mm #outer diameter\n",

-      "r1=150 #mm #Outer radius\n",

-      "d2=250 #mm #Junction Diameter\n",

-      "r2=125 #mm #Junction radius\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "p=30 #N/mm**2 #radial pressure\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#from Lame's Equation we get\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a       ..........................(1)\n",

-      "#F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a      ...........................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Then from Boundary condition \n",

-      "#p_x=0 at x=100 #mm\n",

-      "#0=b1*(100**2)**-1-a1     .....................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#p_x2=30 #N/mm**2 at x2=125 #mm\n",

-      "#30=b1*(125**2)**-1-a1    ................................(4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From equation 3 and 4 we get\n",

-      "b1=30*125**2*100**2*(100**2-125**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Equation 3 we get\n",

-      "a1=b1*(100**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#therefore Hoop stress in inner cyclinder at junction\n",

-      "F_2_1=b1*(125**2)**-1+a1 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Outer Cyclinder\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a       ..........................(5)\n",

-      "#F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a      ...........................(6)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now at x=125 #mm\n",

-      "#p_x3=30 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#30=b2*(125**2)**-1-a2     ..................................(7)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At x=150 #mm\n",

-      "#p_x4=0\n",

-      "#0=b2*(150**2)**-1-a2     ...................................(8)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From equations 7 and 8\n",

-      "b2=30*150**2*125**2*(150**2-125**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From eqauation 8 we get\n",

-      "a2=b2*(150**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Hoop stress at junction \n",

-      "F_2_0=b2*(125**2)**-1+a2 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "rho_r=(F_2_0-F_2_1)*E**-1*r2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Shrinkage Allowance is\",round(rho_r,3),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Shrinkage Allowance is 0.189 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 16

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.17,Page No.350"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d_o=500 #mm #Outer Diameter\n",

-      "r_o=250 #mm #Outer Radius\n",

-      "d1=300 #mm #Inner Diameter\n",

-      "r1=150 #mm #Inner Radius\n",

-      "d2=400 #mm #Junction Diameter\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus ofElasticity\n",

-      "alpha=12*10**-6 #Per degree celsius\n",

-      "dell_d=0.2 #mm\n",

-      "dell_r=0.1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let p be the radial pressure developed at junction\n",

-      "#Let Lame's Equation for internal cyclinder be\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a   ................................(1)\n",

-      "#F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a     ...............................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=150 #mm \n",

-      "p_x=0\n",

-      "#Sub in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "#0=b*(150**2)**-1-a    .........................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x2=200 #mm\n",

-      "#p_x2=p\n",

-      "#p=b*(200**2)**-1-a    ......................(4)\n",

-      "  \n",

-      "#From Equation 3 and 4\n",

-      "#p=b*(200**2)**-1-b(150**2)**-1\n",

-      "#after further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#b=-51428.571*p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#sub in equation 3 we get\n",

-      "#a1=-2.2857*p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#therefore hoop stress at junction is\n",

-      "#F_2_1=-21428.571*p*(200**2)**-1-2.2857*p\n",

-      "#after Further simplifying we geet\n",

-      "#F_2_1=3.5714*p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let Lame's Equation for cyclinder be \n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a    .........................5\n",

-      "#F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a   .............................6\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At \n",

-      "x=200 #mm\n",

-      "#p_x=p2\n",

-      "#p2=b2*(20**2)**-1-a2    ...................7\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At\n",

-      "x2=200 #mm\n",

-      "p_x2=0\n",

-      "#0=b2*(250**2)**-1-a2    ....................8\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#from equation 7 and 8 we get\n",

-      "#p2=b2*(200**2)**-1-b2*(250**2)**-1\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#p2=b2*(250**2-200**2)*(200**2*250**2)**-1\n",

-      "#b2=111111.11*p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#from equation 7\n",

-      "#a2=b2*(250**2)**-1\n",

-      "#further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#a2=1.778*p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At the junctionhoop stress in outer cyclinder \n",

-      "#F_2_0=b2*(200**2)**-1+a2\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#F_2_0=4.5556*p\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Considering circumferential strain,the compatibility condition\n",

-      "#rho_r*r2**-1=1*E**-1*(F_2_1+F_2_0)\n",

-      "#where F_2_1 is compressive and F_2_0 is tensile\n",

-      "#furter simplifying we get\n",

-      "p=0.1*200**-1*2*10**5*(3.5714+4.5556)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let T be the rise in temperature required\n",

-      "#dell_d=d*alpha*T\n",

-      "#After sub values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "d=250 #mm\n",

-      "T=dell_d*(d*alpha)**-1 #Per degree celsius\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Radial Pressure Developed at junction\",round(p,2),\"N/mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"Min Temperatureto outer cyclinder\",round(T,2),\"Per degree Celsius\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Radial Pressure Developed at junction 12.3 N/mm**2\n",

-        "Min Temperatureto outer cyclinder 66.67 Per degree Celsius\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 8.8.18,Page No.355"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "%matplotlib  inline\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d_o=400 #mm #Outer Diameter\n",

-      "r_o=200 #mm #Outer radius\n",

-      "t=50 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "r1=150 #mm #Internal Radius\n",

-      "p=50 #N/mm**2 #Internal Pressure\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#The Radial Pressure and hoop stress at any radial distance x are given by\n",

-      "#p_x=b*(x**2)**-1-a       ..........................(1)\n",

-      "#F_x=b*(x**2)**-1+a      ...........................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now at\n",

-      "x=150 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "p_x1=50 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "#Sub in equation 1 we get\n",

-      "#50=2*b*(150**3)**-1-a    ...........................(3)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At x=200 #mm\n",

-      "p_x2=0\n",

-      "#0=2*b*(200**2)**-1-a     ....................(4)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From equation 3 and 4 we get\n",

-      "#50=2*b*(150**3)**-1-2*b*(200**3)**-1\n",

-      "#After further simplifying we get\n",

-      "b=50*150**3*200**3*(200**3-150**3)**-1*2**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Sub in equation 3 we get\n",

-      "a=b*(200**3)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now At\n",

-      "x=150 #mm\n",

-      "F_x=b*(x**3)**-1+a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now At\n",

-      "x2=160 #mm\n",

-      "F_x2=b*(x2**3)**-1+a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now At\n",

-      "x3=170 #mm\n",

-      "F_x3=b*(x3**3)**-1+a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now At\n",

-      "x4=180 #mm\n",

-      "F_x4=b*(x4**3)**-1+a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now At\n",

-      "x5=190 #mm\n",

-      "F_x5=b*(x5**3)**-1+a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Now At\n",

-      "x6=200 #mm\n",

-      "F_x6=b*(x6**3)**-1+a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Plot of Variation of hoop stress\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plotting Variation of hoop stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X1=[x,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6]\n",

-      "Y1=[F_x,F_x2,F_x3,F_x4,F_x5,F_x6]\n",

-      "Z1=[0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "plt.plot(X1,Y1,X1,Z1)\n",

-      "plt.xlabel(\"Length x in mm\")\n",

-      "plt.ylabel(\"Hoop Stress Distribution in N/mm**2\")\n",

-      "plt.show()\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Plot of Variation of hoop stress\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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w3g2UlJRgzJgxCAsLw3vvvQcA8PT0hFqthpOTE7KyshAYGIhLly7VLIxzCERE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\nnp6uOVdYWBisrKzg4+OD8vJ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-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5539890>"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_9_YALeeEe.ipynb b/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_9_YALeeEe.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4f1ca0ff..00000000
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_9_YALeeEe.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,768 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "chapter 9.ipynb"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 9:Columns And Struts"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.9.1,Page No.377"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "L=5000 #mm #Length of strut\n",

-      "dell=10 #mm #Deflection\n",

-      "W=10 #N #Load\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Central Deflection of a simply supported beam with central concentrated load is\n",

-      "#dell=W*L**3*(48*E*I)**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let E*I=X\n",

-      "X=W*L**3*(48*dell)**-1 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Euler's Load\n",

-      "#Let Euler's Load be P\n",

-      "P=pi**2*X*(L**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Critical Load of Bar is\",round(P,2),\"N\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Critical Load of Bar is 1028.08 N\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.9.2,Page No.377"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=2000 #mm #Length of square column\n",

-      "E=12*10**3 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "sigma=12 #N/mm*2 #stress\n",

-      "W1=95*10**3 #N #Load1\n",

-      "W2=200*10**3 #N #Load2\n",

-      "FOS=3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Euler's Formula\n",

-      "#P=pi**2*E*I*(L**2)**-1  .........(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Working Load\n",

-      "#W=P*(FOS)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Part-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At W1=95*10**3 #N\n",

-      "#W1=P*(3*L**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let 'a' be the side of the square\n",

-      "#I=1*12**-1*a**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#sub value of I in Equation 1 and further rearranging we get\n",

-      "a=(W1*3*12*L**2*(pi**2*E)**-1)**0.25 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Consideration of direct crushing\n",

-      "#sigma*a**2=W1\n",

-      "#After Reaaranging the above equation we get\n",

-      "a2=(W1*(sigma)**-1)**0.5 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#required size is 103.67*103.67 i.e a*a\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Part-2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#At W2=200*10**3 #N\n",

-      "#W2=P*(3*L**2)**-1\n",

-      "#After substituting values and further Rearranging the above equation we get\n",

-      "a3=(W2*3*12*L**2*(pi**2*E)**-1)**0.25 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From consideration of direct compression,size required is\n",

-      "a4=(W2*sigma**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#required size is 129.10*129.10 i.e a4*a4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"For W1 Load Required size is\",round(a*a,2),\"mm**2\"\n",

-      "print\"For W2 Load Required size is\",round(a4*a4,2),\"mm**2\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "For W1 Load Required size is 10747.38 mm**2\n",

-        "For W2 Load Required size is 16666.67 mm**2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.9.3,Page No.378"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flange \n",

-      "b=100 #mm #Width\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=80 #mm #Overall Depth\n",

-      "t=10 #mm #Thickness of web and flanges\n",

-      "L=3000 #mm #Length of strut\n",

-      "E=200*10**3 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let centroid be at depth y_bar from top fibre\n",

-      "y_bar=(b*t*t*2**-1+(D-t)*t*((D-t)*2**-1+t))*(b*t+(D-t)*t)**-1 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I at x-x axis\n",

-      "I_x=1*12**-1*b*t**3+b*t*(y_bar-t*2**-1)**2+1*12**-1*t*((D-t))**3+t*((D-t))*((((D-t)*2**-1)+t)-y_bar)**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I at y-y axis\n",

-      "I_y=1*12**-1*t*b**3+1*12**-1*(D-t)*t**3 #mm**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Least M.I\n",

-      "I=I_y\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Since both ends are hinged\n",

-      "#Feective Length=Actual Length\n",

-      "L=l=3000 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Buckling Load \n",

-      "P=pi**2*E*I*(l**2)**-1*10**-3 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The Buckling Load for strut of tee section\",round(P,2),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Buckling Load for strut of tee section 184.05 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.9.4,Page No.379"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=400 #mm #Overall Depth\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Flanges\n",

-      "b=300 #mm #Width\n",

-      "t=50 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "t2=30 #mm #Web Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "dell=10 #mm #Deflection\n",

-      "w=40 #N/mm #Load\n",

-      "FOS=1.75 #Factor of safety\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I at x-x axis\n",

-      "I_x=1*12**-1*(b*D**3-(b-t2)*b**3) #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Central Deflection\n",

-      "#dell=5*w*L**4*(384*E*I)**-1\n",

-      "#After sub values in above equation and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "L=(dell*384*E*I_x*(5*w)**-1)**0.25\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I aty-y axis\n",

-      "I=I_y=1*12**-1*t*b**3+1*12**-1*b*t2**3+1*12**-1*t*b**3 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Both the Ends of column are hinged\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Crippling Load\n",

-      "P=pi**2*E*I*(L**2)**-1 #N\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Safe Load\n",

-      "S=P*(FOS)**-1*10**-3 #N\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Safe Load if I-section is used as column with both Ends hhinged\",round(S,2),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Safe Load if I-section is used as column with both Ends hhinged 4123.29 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.9.5,Page No.381"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=200 #mm #External Diameter\n",

-      "t=20 #mm #hickness\n",

-      "d=200-2*t #mm #Internal Diameter\n",

-      "E=1*10**5 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "a=1*(1600)**-1 #Rankine's Constant\n",

-      "L=4.5 #m #Length\n",

-      "sigma=550 #N/mm**2 #Stress\n",

-      "FOS=2.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Moment of Inertia\n",

-      "I=pi*D**4*64**-1-pi*d**4*64**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Both Ends are fixed\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Effective Length\n",

-      "l=1*2**-1*L*10**3 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Euler's Critical Load\n",

-      "P_E=pi**2*E*I*(l**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A=pi*4**-1*(D**2-d**2) #mm*2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "k=(I*A**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Rankine's Critical Load\n",

-      "P_R=sigma*A*(1+a*(l*k**-1)**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "X=P_E*P_R**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Safe Load using Rankine's Formula\n",

-      "S=P_R*(FOS)**-1*10**-3 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Safe Load by Rankine's Formula is\",round(S,2),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Safe Load by Rankine's Formula is 1404.36 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.9.6,Page No.382"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=3000 #mm #Length of column\n",

-      "W=800*10**3 #N #Load\n",

-      "a=1*1600**-1 #Rankine's constant\n",

-      "FOS=4 #Factor of safety\n",

-      "sigma=550 #N/mm**2 #stress\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Effective Length\n",

-      "l=L*2**-1 #mm \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let d1=outer diameter & d2=inner diameter\n",

-      "#d1=5*8**-1*d2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I\n",

-      "#I=pi*64**-1*(d1**4-d2**4) #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area of section\n",

-      "#A=pi4**-1*(d1**2-d2**2) #mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#k=(I*A**-1) \n",

-      "#substituting values in above equation \n",

-      "#k=1*16**-1*(d1**2-d2**2)\n",

-      "#after simplifying further we get\n",

-      "#k=0.2948119.d1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#X=l*k**-1\n",

-      "#substituting values in above equation and after simplifying further we get\n",

-      "#X=5087.9898*d1**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Crtitcal Load\n",

-      "P=W*FOS #N\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Rankine's Load\n",

-      "#P2=sigma*A*(1+a*(X)**2)**-1\n",

-      "#substituting values in above equation and after simplifying further we get\n",

-      "#d1**4-12156618*d1**4-1.96691*10**8=0\n",

-      "#Solving Quadratic Equation we get\n",

-      "#d1**2-12156618*d1-196691000=0\n",

-      "a=1\n",

-      "b=-12156.618\n",

-      "c=-196691000\n",

-      "\n",

-      "Y=b**2-4*a*c\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d1_1=((-b+Y**0.5)*(2*a)**-1)**0.5 #mm\n",

-      "d1_2=((-b-Y**0.5)*(2*a)**-1) #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d2=5*8**-1*d1_1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Section of cast iron hollow cylindrical column is:d1_1\",round(d1_1,2),\"mm\"\n",

-      "print\"                                                 :d2  \",round(d2,2),\"mm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Section of cast iron hollow cylindrical column is:d1_1 146.16 mm\n",

-        "                                                 :d2   91.35 mm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.9.7,Page No.383"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let X=(P*A**-1) #Average Stress at Failure \n",

-      "Lamda_1=70 #Slenderness Ratio\n",

-      "Lamda_2=170 #Slenderness Ratio\n",

-      "X1=200 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "X2=69 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Rectangular section\n",

-      "b=60 #mm #width\n",

-      "t=20 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=1250 #mm #Length of strut\n",

-      "FOS=4 #Factor of safety\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Slenderness ratio\n",

-      "#Lamda=L*k**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#The Rankine's Formula for strut\n",

-      "#P=sigma*A*(1+a*(L*k**-1)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From test result 1,\n",

-      "#After sub values in above equation we get and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#sigma_1=200+980000*a   ...................(1)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From test result 2,\n",

-      "#After sub values in above equation we get and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "#sigma_2=69+1994100*a   ...................(2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Substituting it in equation (1) we get\n",

-      "a=131*1014100**-1   \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Substituting a in equation 1\n",

-      "sigma_1=200+980000*a #N/mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Effective Length \n",

-      "l=1*2**-1*L #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Least of M.I\n",

-      "I=1*12**-1*b*t**3 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area \n",

-      "A=b*t #mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "k=(I*A**-1)**0.5\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Slenderness ratio\n",

-      "Lamda=l*k**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Rankine's Ratio\n",

-      "P=sigma_1*A*(1+a*(Lamda)**2)**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Safe Load\n",

-      "S=P*(FOS)**-1*10**-3 #N\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Constant in the Formula is:a      \",round(a,6)\n",

-      "print\"                          :sigma_1\",round(sigma_1,2)\n",

-      "print\"Safe Load is\",round(S,2),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Constant in the Formula is:a       0.000129\n",

-        "                          :sigma_1 326.6\n",

-        "Safe Load is 38.98 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.9.8,Page No.385"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "D=200 #mm #Depth\n",

-      "b=140 #mm #width\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Plate\n",

-      "b2=160 #mm #Width\n",

-      "t2=10 #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=l=4000 #mm #Length\n",

-      "FOS=4 #Factor of safety\n",

-      "sigma=315 #N/mm**2 #stress\n",

-      "a2=1*7500**-1 \n",

-      "I_xx=26.245*10**6 #mm**4 #M.I at x-x\n",

-      "I_yy=3.288*10**6 #mm**4 #M.I at y-y\n",

-      "a=3671 #mm**2 #Area\n",

-      "k_x=84.6#mm\n",

-      "k_y=29.9 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Total Area\n",

-      "A=a+2*t2*b2 #mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I\n",

-      "I=I_yy+2*12**-1*t2*b2**3 #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "k=(I*A**-1)**0.5 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Let X=L*k**-1\n",

-      "X=L*k**-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Appliying Rankine's Formula\n",

-      "P=sigma*A*(1+a2*(X)**2)**-1 #N\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Safe Load\n",

-      "S=P*(FOS)**-1*10**-3 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Safe axial Load is\",round(S,2),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Safe axial Load is 220.93 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.9.9,Page No.389"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "E=200*10**3 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of elasticity\n",

-      "sigma=330 #N/mm**2 #Stress\n",

-      "a=1*7500**-1 #Rankine's constant\n",

-      "A=5205 #mm**2 #area of column\n",

-      "I_xx=59.431*10**6 #mm**4 #M.I at x-x axis\n",

-      "I_yy=8.575*10**6 #mm**24#M.I at y-y axis\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Total M.I\n",

-      "I=I_xx+I_yy #mm**4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Area of compound Section \n",

-      "A2=2*A #mm**2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "k=(I*A2**-1)**0.5 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Equating Euler's Load to Rankine's Load we get\n",

-      "#pi**2*E*I*(L**2)**-1=sigma*A*(1+a*(L*k)**2)**-1\n",

-      "#After Substitt=uting values and further simplifying we get\n",

-      "L=(39076198*(1-0.7975432)**-1)**0.5*10**-3 #m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Length of column for which Rankine's formula and Euler's Formula give the same result is\",round(L,2),\"m\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Length of column for which Rankine's formula and Euler's Formula give the same result is 13.89 m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.9.10,Page No.387"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "sigma=326 #N/mm**2 #stress\n",

-      "E=2*10**5 #N/mm**2 #Modulus of Elasticity\n",

-      "FOS=2 #Factor of safety\n",

-      "a=1*7500**-1 #Rankine's constant\n",

-      "D=350 #mm #Overall Depth \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Cover plates\n",

-      "b1=500 #mm #width\n",

-      "t1=10  #mm #Thickness\n",

-      "\n",

-      "d=220 #mm #Distance between two channels\n",

-      "\n",

-      "L=6000 #mm #Length of column\n",

-      "\n",

-      "A=5366 #mm**2 #Area of Column section \n",

-      "I_xx=100.08*10**6 #mm**4 #M.I of x-x axis\n",

-      "I_yy=4.306*10**6 #mm**4 #M.I of y-y axis\n",

-      "C_yy=23.6 #mm #Centroid at y-y axis\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Symmetric axes are the centroidal axes is\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I of Channel at x-x axis\n",

-      "I_xx_1=2*I_xx+2*(1*12**-1*b1*t1**3+b1*t1*(D*2**-1+t1*2**-1)**2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#M.I of Channel at y-y axis\n",

-      "I_yy_1=2*(I_yy+A*(d*2**-1+C_yy)**2)+2*12**-1*t1*b1**3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#As I_yy<I_xx\n",

-      "#So\n",

-      "I=I_yy_1 #mm**4 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "A2=2*A+2*t1*b1 #Area of channel\n",

-      "\n",

-      "k=(I*A2**-1)**0.5 #mm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Critical Load\n",

-      "P=sigma*A2*(1+a*(L*k**-1)**2)**-1 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Safe Load\n",

-      "S=P*2**-1*10**-3 #KN\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Safe Load carrying Capacity is\",round(S,2),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Safe Load carrying Capacity is 2717.35 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 9.9.11,Page No.390"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Initilization of Variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "I=4.085*10**8 #mm**4 #M.I\n",

-      "A=20732.0 #mm**2 #area of column\n",

-      "f_y=250 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "L=6000 #mm #Length of column\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "\n",

-      "k=(I*A**-1)**0.5 #mm\n",

-      "lamda=L*k**-1 #Slenderness ratro\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#From Indian standard table\n",

-      "lamda_1=40 \n",

-      "sigma_a_c_1=139 #N/mm**2\n",

-      "lamda_2=50 \n",

-      "sigma_a_c_2=132 #N/mm**2 \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Linearly interpolating between these values for lambda=42.744\n",

-      "\n",

-      "sigma_a_c_3=sigma_a_c_1-2.744*10**-1*(sigma_a_c_1-sigma_a_c_2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Safe Load carrying capacity of column\n",

-      "P=sigma_a_c_3*A*10**-3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"Safe Load carrying capacity is\",round(P,2),\"KN\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Safe Load carrying capacity is 2841.93 KN\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_33_Protection_of_Genrators.ipynb b/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_33_Protection_of.ipynb
index c80817bd..c80817bd 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_33_Protection_of_Genrators.ipynb
+++ b/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_33_Protection_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_1_Introduction_.ipynb b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter1Introduction.ipynb
index 2ab3d5d9..2ab3d5d9 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_1_Introduction_.ipynb
+++ b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter1Introduction.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids.ipynb b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in.ipynb
index 8e524b2c..8e524b2c 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids.ipynb
+++ b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation.ipynb b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_3_Thermal.ipynb
index b531d4b6..b531d4b6 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation.ipynb
+++ b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_3_Thermal.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow.ipynb b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid.ipynb
index ed17906e..ed17906e 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow.ipynb
+++ b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection.ipynb b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced.ipynb
index d16fb965..d16fb965 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection.ipynb
+++ b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection.ipynb b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural.ipynb
index 8e90d8f1..8e90d8f1 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection.ipynb
+++ b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers.ipynb b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_7_Heat.ipynb
index 9fec8619..9fec8619 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers.ipynb
+++ b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_7_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling.ipynb b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_8_Condensation_and.ipynb
index 0b5c2058..0b5c2058 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling.ipynb
+++ b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_8_Condensation_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer.ipynb b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_9_Mass.ipynb
index a65d7225..a65d7225 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer/Chapter_9_Mass.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ArpsUYU.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte.ipynb
index 04d54ef7..04d54ef7 100644
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ArpsUYU.ipynb
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_0XMpH6D.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_0XMpH6D.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bfc29594..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_0XMpH6D.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15: Statistical Thermodyanamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.2:pg-374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For Internal energy to be 1000.0 J temperature will be 449.0 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "U = 1.00e3            #Total internal energy, J\n",
-    "hnu = 1.00e-20        #Energy level separation, J\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "n = 1                 #Number of moles, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = hnu/(k*log(n*NA*hnu/U-1.))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Internal energy to be %4.1f J temperature will be %4.1f K'%(U,T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.3:pg-378"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy of excited state is 1.57e-19 J\n",
-      "Electronic partition function qE is 3.000e+00\n",
-      "Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is 3.921e-06 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "g0 = 3.0              #Ground State partition function\n",
-    "labda = 1263e-9       #Wave length in nm\n",
-    "T = 500.              #Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e8            #Speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of moles, mol\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "beta = 1./(k*T)\n",
-    "eps = h*c/labda\n",
-    "qE = g0 + exp(-beta*eps)\n",
-    "UE = n*NA*eps*exp(-beta*eps)/qE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Energy of excited state is %4.2e J'%eps\n",
-    "print 'Electronic partition function qE is %4.3e'%qE\n",
-    "print 'Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is %4.3e J'%UE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.5:pg-387"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 2.25e-11 m3\n",
-      "Std. Molar entropy for Ne is 145.46 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Kr is 1.11e-11 m3\n",
-      "Std. Molar entropy for Kr is 163.18 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Mne = 0.0201797       #Molecular wt of ne, kg/mol     \n",
-    "Mkr = 0.0837980       #Molecular wt of kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "Vmne = 0.0224         #Std. state molar volume of ne, m3\n",
-    "Vmkr = 0.0223         #Std. state molar volume of kr, m3\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298               #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
-    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "mne = Mne/NA\n",
-    "mkr = Mkr/NA\n",
-    "Labdane = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mne*k*T))\n",
-    "Labdakr = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mkr*k*T))\n",
-    "Sne = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmne/Labdane**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
-    "Skr = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmkr/Labdakr**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labdane\n",
-    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Ne is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Sne\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Kr is %4.2e m3'%Labdakr\n",
-    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Kr is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Skr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.8:pg-392"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 4.09e-33 m3\n",
-      "The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is -39.97 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "M = 0.040             #Moleculat wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298.15            #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
-    "P = 1e5               #Std. state pressure, Pa\n",
-    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "m = M/NA\n",
-    "Labda3 = (h**2/(2*pi*m*k*T))**(3./2)\n",
-    "G0 = -n*R*T*log(k*T/(P*Labda3))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labda3\n",
-    "print 'The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is %6.2f kJ'%(G0/1000)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_1bYvsqm.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_1bYvsqm.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 81a699eb..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_1bYvsqm.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,356 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 19: Complex Reaction Mechanism "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.1:pg-511"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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2eS/pVklLJU0vaNtO0lhJcyQ9Kmnbgq9dLmmupNmS+ha095I0XdILkkYWtLeT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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9aa4048>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Km and k2 are 10.0 mM and 1.1e+05 s-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Ce = 2.3e-9        #Initial value of enzyme concentration, M\n",
-    "r = array([2.78e-5,5.e-5,8.33e-5,1.67e-4])\n",
-    "CCO2 = array([1.25e-3,2.5e-3,5.e-3,20.e-3])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "rinv = 1./r\n",
-    "CCO2inv = 1./CCO2\n",
-    "xlim(0,850)\n",
-    "ylim(0,38000)\n",
-    "xi = CCO2inv\n",
-    "A = array([ CCO2inv, ones(size(CCO2inv))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,rinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "slope = w[0]\n",
-    "intercept = w[1]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "line = w[0]*CCO2inv+w[1] # regression line\n",
-    "plot(CCO2inv,line,'r-',CCO2inv,rinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ {C_{CO}}_2, mM^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ Rate^{-1}, s/M^{-1} $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "rmax = 1./intercept\n",
-    "k2 = rmax/Ce\n",
-    "Km = slope*rmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Km and k2 are %4.1f mM and %3.1e s-1'%(Km*1e3,k2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.2:pg-517"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9acd4a8>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are 0.3449 torr.g/cm3 and 0.0293 g/cm3\n",
-      "K and Vm are 8.48e-02 Torr^-1 and 34.2 cm3/g\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vads = array([5.98,7.76,10.1,12.35,16.45,18.05,19.72,21.1])   #Adsorption data at 193.5K\n",
-    "P = array([2.45,3.5,5.2,7.2,11.2,12.8,14.6,16.1])             #Pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vinv = 1./Vads\n",
-    "Pinv =1./P\n",
-    "xlim(0,0.5)\n",
-    "ylim(0,0.2)\n",
-    "A = array([ Pinv, ones(size(Pinv))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Vinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "m = w[0]\n",
-    "c = w[1]\n",
-    "line = m*Pinv+c # regression line\n",
-    "plot(Pinv,line,'r-',Pinv,Vinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ 1/P, Torr^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ 1/V_{abs}, cm^{-1}g $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "Vm = 1./c\n",
-    "K = 1./(m*Vm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are %5.4f torr.g/cm3 and %5.4f g/cm3'%(m,c)\n",
-    "print 'K and Vm are %4.2e Torr^-1 and %3.1f cm3/g'%(K,Vm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.4:pg-533"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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qmUlEklQzk4gkqWYmEUlSzf4/9Fa7EFJttIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa641f28>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are kq = 3.1995e+09 per s and kf = 2.1545e+06 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "CBr = array([0.0005,0.001,0.002,0.003,0.005])                    #C6Br6 concentration, M\n",
-    "tf = array([2.66e-7,1.87e-7,1.17e-7,8.50e-8,5.51e-8])            #Fluroscence life time, s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Tfinv = 1./tf\n",
-    "xlim(0,0.006)\n",
-    "ylim(0,2.e7)\n",
-    "A = array([ CBr, ones(size(CBr))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[m,c] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Tfinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "\n",
-    "line = m*CBr+c # regression line\n",
-    "plot(CBr,line,'r-',CBr,Tfinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ Br_6C_6, M $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ tau_f $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are kq = %5.4e per s and kf = %5.4e per s'%(m,c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.5:pg-536"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation Distance at decreased efficiency 11.53\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from scipy.optimize import root\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "r = 11.          #Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
-    "r0 = 9.          #Initial Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
-    "EffD = 0.2      #Fraction decrease in eff\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Effi = r0**6/(r0**6+r**6)\n",
-    "Eff = Effi*(1-EffD)\n",
-    "f = lambda r: r0**6/(r0**6+r**6) - Eff\n",
-    "sol = root(f, 12)\n",
-    "rn = sol.x[0]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Separation Distance at decreased efficiency %4.2f'%rn"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.6:pg-538"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total photon energy absorbed by sample 2.7e+03 J\n",
-      "Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is 7.1e-19 J\n",
-      "Total number of photon absorbed by sample 3.8e+21 photones\n",
-      "Overall quantum yield 0.40\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "mr = 2.5e-3        #Moles reacted, mol\n",
-    "P = 100.0          #Irradiation Power, J/s\n",
-    "t = 27             #Time of irradiation, s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, Js\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #Speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "labda = 280e-9     #Wavelength of light, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Eabs = P*t\n",
-    "Eph = h*c/labda\n",
-    "nph = Eabs/Eph     #moles of photone\n",
-    "phi = mr/6.31e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total photon energy absorbed by sample %3.1e J'%Eabs\n",
-    "print 'Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is %3.1e J'%Eph\n",
-    "print 'Total number of photon absorbed by sample %3.1e photones'%nph\n",
-    "print 'Overall quantum yield %4.2f'%phi"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.7:pg-542"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "DGS = 0.111 eV\n",
-      "Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer 2.66e+07 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "r = 2.0e9          #Rate constant for electron transfer, per s\n",
-    "labda = 1.2        #Gibss energy change, eV\n",
-    "DG = -1.93         #Gibss energy change for 2-naphthoquinoyl, eV\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DGS = (DG+labda)**2/(4*labda)\n",
-    "k193 = r*exp(-DGS*1.6e-19/(k*T))\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'DGS = %5.3f eV'%DGS\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer %3.2e per s'%k193"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2FzgemP.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2FzgemP.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 504b170b..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2FzgemP.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,468 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 09: Ideal and Real Solutions"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.2:pg-212"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is -1.371e+04 J\n",
-      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous\n",
-      "Entropy change of mixing is 45.99 J/K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "P = 1.0        #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "xb = nb/n\n",
-    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
-    "dGmix = n*R*T*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
-    "dSmix = -n*R*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is %4.3e J'%dGmix\n",
-    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous'\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of mixing is %4.2f J/K'%dSmix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.3:pg-214"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total pressure of the vapor is 69.8 torr\n",
-      "Benzene fraction in vapor is 0.837 \n",
-      "Toulene fraction in vapor is 0.163 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
-    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "xb = nb/n\n",
-    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
-    "P = xb*P0b + xt*P0t\n",
-    "y = (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
-    "yt = 1.-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total pressure of the vapor is %4.1f torr'%P\n",
-    "print 'Benzene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%y\n",
-    "print 'Toulene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%yt"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.4:pg-215"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mass Balance: 6.75*x + 1.5*y - 5.0\n",
-      "Pressure and x: P - 67.5*x - 28.9\n",
-      "Pressure and y: y - 0.0148148148148148*(96.4*P - 2785.96)/P\n",
-      "Pressure is 66.8 torr\n",
-      "Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase 0.561\n",
-      "Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase 0.810\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, solve\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
-    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
-    "nv = 1.5       #moles vaporized, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "nl = n - nv\n",
-    "zb = nb/n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x,y, P = symbols('x y P')\n",
-    "e1 = nv*(y-zb)-nl*(zb-x)\n",
-    "print 'Mass Balance:', e1\n",
-    "e2 = P - (x*P0b + (1-x)*P0t)\n",
-    "print 'Pressure and x:',e2\n",
-    "e3 = y - (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
-    "print 'Pressure and y:', e3\n",
-    "equations = [e1,e2,e3]\n",
-    "sol = solve(equations)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "for i in sol:\n",
-    "    if ((i[x] > 0.0 and i[x] <1.0) and (i[P] > 0.0) and (i[y]>zb and i[y]<1.0)):\n",
-    "        print 'Pressure is %4.1f torr' %i[P]\n",
-    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase %4.3f' %i[x]\n",
-    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase %4.3f' %i[y]\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.6:pg-222"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Freezing point depression -3.94 K\n",
-      "Molecualr wt of solute 274.2 g/mol\n",
-      "Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of 0.980\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 4.50        #Mass of substance dissolved, g\n",
-    "ms = 125.0      #Mass of slovent (CCl4), g\n",
-    "TbE = 0.65      #Boiling point elevation, °C\n",
-    "Kf, Kb = 30.0, 4.95    #Constants for freezing point elevation \n",
-    "                        # and boiling point depression for CCl4, K kg/mol\n",
-    "Msolvent = 153.8  #Molecualr wt of solvent, g/mol\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DTf = -Kf*TbE/Kb\n",
-    "Msolute = Kb*m/(ms*1e-3*TbE)\n",
-    "nsolute = m/Msolute\n",
-    "nsolvent = ms/Msolvent \n",
-    "x = 1.0 -  nsolute/(nsolute + nsolvent)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Freezing point depression %5.2f K'%DTf\n",
-    "print 'Molecualr wt of solute %4.1f g/mol'%Msolute\n",
-    "print 'Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of %4.3f'%x"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.7:pg-223"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Osmotic pressure 12.23 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "csolute = 0.500 #Concentration of solute, g/L\n",
-    "R = 8.206e-2    #Gas constant L.atm/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298.15      #Temperature of the solution, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "pii = csolute*R*T\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Osmotic pressure %4.2f atm'%pii\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.8:pg-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity of CS2 0.6994 atm\n",
-      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 1.9971 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
-    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
-    "p0CS2 = 512.3   #Total pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alpha = pCS2/p0CS2\n",
-    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.9:pg-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity of CS2 0.1783 atm\n",
-      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 0.5090 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
-    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
-    "kHCS2 = 2010.   #Total pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alpha = pCS2/kHCS2\n",
-    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.10:pg-231"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Henrys constant = 143.38 torr\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "rho = 789.9     #Density of acetone, g/L\n",
-    "n = 1.0         #moles of acetone, mol\n",
-    "M = 58.08       #Molecular wt of acetone, g/mol\n",
-    "kHacetone = 1950 #Henrys law constant, torr\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "H = n*M*kHacetone/rho\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Henrys constant = %5.2f torr'%H"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.11:pg-232"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity coefficient = 0.969\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 0.5         #Mass of water, kg\n",
-    "ms = 24.0       #Mass of solute, g\n",
-    "Ms = 241.0      #Molecular wt of solute, g/mol\n",
-    "Tfd = 0.359     #Freezinf point depression, °C or K\n",
-    "kf = 1.86       #Constants for freezing point depression for water, K kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "msolute = ms/(Ms*m)\n",
-    "gama = Tfd/(kf*msolute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficient = %4.3f'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.12:pg-233"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are 2.46e-03,0.123 mol\n",
-      "Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure 2.981 L\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 70.0        #Mass of human body, kg\n",
-    "V = 5.00        #Volume of blood, L\n",
-    "HN2 = 9.04e4    #Henry law constant for N2 solubility in blood, bar\n",
-    "T = 298.0       #Temperature, K\n",
-    "rho = 1.00      #density of blood, kg/L\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02      #Molecualr wt of water, g/mol\n",
-    "X = 80          #Percent of N2 at sea level\n",
-    "p1, p2 = 1.0, 50.0  #Pressures, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nN21  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p1*X/100)/HN2\n",
-    "nN22  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p2*X/100)/HN2\n",
-    "V = (nN22-nN21)*R*T/p1\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are %3.2e,%3.3f mol'%(nN21,nN22)\n",
-    "print 'Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure %4.3f L'%V"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2wnGzgB.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2wnGzgB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 887d09f2..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2wnGzgB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,419 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18: Elementary Chemical Kinetics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.2:pg-461"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 2.00\n",
-      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 1.00\n",
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.201e+08 1./(M.s)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ca0 = [2.3e-4,4.6e-4,9.2e-4]       #Initial Concentration of A, M\n",
-    "Cb0 = [3.1e-5,6.2e-5,6.2e-5]       #Initial Concentration of B, M\n",
-    "Ri  = [5.25e-4,4.2e-3,1.68e-2]     #Initial rate of reaction, M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alp = log(Ri[1]/Ri[2])/log(Ca0[1]/Ca0[2])\n",
-    "beta = (log(Ri[0]/Ri[1]) - 2*log((Ca0[0]/Ca0[1])))/(log(Cb0[0]/Cb0[1]))\n",
-    "k = Ri[2]/(Ca0[2]**2*Cb0[2]**beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%alp\n",
-    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%beta\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1./(M.s)'%k"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.3:pg-466"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.381e-05 1/s\n",
-      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 1.511e+04 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t1by2 = 2.05e4       #Half life for first order decomposition of N2O5, s\n",
-    "x = 60.              #percentage decay of N2O5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
-    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
-    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.4:pg-467 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 1.203e-04 1/s\n",
-      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 4.245e+03 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t1by2 = 5760       #Half life for C14, years\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
-    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
-    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.5:pg-472"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time required for maximum concentration of A: 13.86 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "kAbykI = 2.0       #Ratio of rate constants\n",
-    "kA = 0.1           #First order rate constant for rxn 1, 1/s \n",
-    "kI = 0.05          #First order rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "tmax = 1/(kA-kI)*log(kA/kI)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Time required for maximum concentration of A: %4.2f s'%tmax"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.7:pg-476"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: 6.67 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T = 22.0           #Temperature of the reaction,°C\n",
-    "k1 = 7.0e-4        #Rate constants for rxn 1, 1/s\n",
-    "k2 = 4.1e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
-    "k3 = 5.7e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 3, 1/s \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "phiP1 = k1/(k1+k2+k3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: %4.2f '%(phiP1*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.8:pg-477"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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x4M0FjBk/hkVLFtG2RVvNpis2SkYiImtHs+lERKTkKBmJiEh0SkYiIhKdkpGI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\nYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9358710>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are, -6419.8 and 14.45\n",
-      "Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are 53.37 kJ/mol and 1.88e+06 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot, show, xlabel, ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T = array([22.7,27.2,33.7,38.0])\n",
-    "k1 = array([7.e-4,9.8e-4,1.6e-3,2.e-3])\n",
-    "R = 8.314 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = T +273.15\n",
-    "x = 1./T\n",
-    "y = log(k1)\n",
-    "A = array([ x, ones(size(x))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,y)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
-    "# plotting the line\n",
-    "line = slope*x+intercept # regression line\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "plot(x,line,'-',x,y,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ 1/T, K^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ log(k) $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "Ea = -slope*R\n",
-    "A = exp(intercept)\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are, %6.1f and %4.2f'%(slope, intercept)\n",
-    "print 'Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are %4.2f kJ/mol and %4.2e 1/s'%(Ea/1e3, A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.9:pg-482"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Forward Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n",
-      "Backward Rate constant is 4.34e+04 1/s\n",
-      "Apperent Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ea = 42.e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
-    "A  = 1.e12      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
-    "T = 298.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "Kc = 1.0e4      #Equilibrium constant for reaction\n",
-    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "kB = A*exp(-Ea/(R*T))\n",
-    "kA = kB*Kc\n",
-    "kApp = kA + kB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kA\n",
-    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kB\n",
-    "print 'Apperent Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kApp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.10:pg-492"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Estimated rate 6.4e+13 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of 4.0e+07 1/(M.s), \n",
-      "hence the reaction is not diffusion controlled\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Dh = 7.6e-7     #Diffusion coefficient of Hemoglobin, cm2/s\n",
-    "Do2 = 2.2e-5    #Diffusion coefficient of oxygen, cm2/s\n",
-    "rh = 35.        #Radius of Hemoglobin, °A\n",
-    "ro2 = 2.0       #Radius of Oxygen, °A\n",
-    "k = 4e7         #Rate constant for binding of O2 to Hemoglobin, 1/(M.s)\n",
-    "NA =6.022e23    #Avagadro Number\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DA = Dh + Do2\n",
-    "kd = 4*pi*NA*(rh+ro2)*1e-8*DA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Estimated rate %4.1e 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of %4.1e 1/(M.s), \\nhence the reaction is not diffusion controlled'%(kd,k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.11:pg-494"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Forward Rate constant is 9.90e+04 1/s\n",
-      "Backward Rate constant is -12.72 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, e\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ea = 104e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
-    "A  = 1.e13      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
-    "T = 300.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34   #Plnak constant, Js\n",
-    "c = 1.0         #Std. State concentration, M\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23    #,J/K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dH = Ea - 2*R*T\n",
-    "dS = R*log(A*h*c/(k*T*e**2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%dH\n",
-    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2f 1/s'%dS"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3D0WenJ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3D0WenJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6d251294..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3D0WenJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,508 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 17: Transport Phenomena"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.1:pg-427"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Diffusion coefficient of Argon 1.1e-05 m2/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from scipy import constants\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "M = 0.040                  #Molecualar wt of Argon, kh/mol\n",
-    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DAr = (1./3)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M))*(R*T/(P*N_A*sqrt(2)*sigm))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Diffusion coefficient of Argon %3.1e m2/s'%DAr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.2:pg-428"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon 0.790\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "DHebyAr = 4.0 \n",
-    "MAr, MHe = 39.9, 4.0       #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "sigHebyAr = (1./DHebyAr)*sqrt(MAr/MHe)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon %4.3f'%sigHebyAr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.3:pg-430"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rms displacement at 1000 and 10000 is  0.141 and 0.447 m respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "D = 1.0e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
-    "t1 = 1000                  #Time, s\n",
-    "t10 = 10000                #Time, s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "xrms1 = sqrt(2*D*t1)\n",
-    "xrms10 = sqrt(2*D*t10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'rms displacement at %4d and %4d is  %4.3f and %4.3f m respectively'%(t1,t10,xrms1,xrms10)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.4:pg-432"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time per random walk is 2.045e-11 s or 20.45 ps\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "D = 2.2e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient of benzene, cm2/s \n",
-    "x0 = 0.3                   #molecular diameter of benzene, nm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "t = (x0*1e-9)**2/(2*D*1e-4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Time per random walk is %4.3e s or %4.2f ps'%(t,t/1e-12)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.5:pg-434"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mean free path 2.627e-07 m and collisional cross section 1.10e-19 m2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
-    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23        #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 39.9                   #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "CvmbyNA = 3.*k/2\n",
-    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
-    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
-    "labda = 3*kt/(CvmbyNA*nuavg*N)\n",
-    "sigm = 1/(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Mean free path %4.3e m and collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(labda, sigm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.6:pg-437"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collisional cross section 2.74e-19 m2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "eta = 227.                  #Viscosity of Ar, muP\n",
-    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
-    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 39.9                    #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
-    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
-    "m = M*1e-3/NA\n",
-    "labda = 3.*eta*1e-7/(nuavg*N*m)          #viscosity in kg m s units\n",
-    "sigm = 1./(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(sigm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.7:pg-439"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Flow rate is 2.762e-06 m3/s\n",
-      "Cylinder can be used for 4.381e+06 s nearly 50.7 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "m = 22.7                    #Mass of CO2, kg\n",
-    "T = 293.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "L = 1.0                     #length of the tube, m\n",
-    "d = 0.75                    #Diameter of the tube, mm\n",
-    "eta = 146                   #Viscosity of CO2, muP\n",
-    "p1 = 1.05                   #Inlet pressure, atm\n",
-    "p2 = 1.00                   #Outlet pressure, atm\n",
-    "atm2pa = 101325             #Conversion for pressure from atm to Pa \n",
-    "M = 0.044                   #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  J mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "p1 = p1*atm2pa\n",
-    "p2 = p2*atm2pa\n",
-    "F = pi*(d*1e-3/2)**4*(p1**2-p2**2)/(16.*eta/1.e7*L*p2)\n",
-    "nCO2 = m/M\n",
-    "v = nCO2*R*T/((p1+p2)/2)\n",
-    "t = v/F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Flow rate is %4.3e m3/s'%(F)\n",
-    "print 'Cylinder can be used for %4.3e s nearly %3.1f days'%(t, t/(24*3600))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.8:pg-441"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of protein is 3.550 nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "eta = 0.891                 #Viscosity of hemoglobin in water, cP\n",
-    "T = 298.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "D = 6.9e-11                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "r = k*T/(6*pi*eta*1e-3*D)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Radius of protein is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.9:pg-442"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of Lysozyme particle is 1.937 nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "s = 1.91e-13                #Sedimentation constant, s\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 14100.0                 #Molecualr wt of lysozyme, g/mol\n",
-    "rho = 0.998                 #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
-    "eta = 1.002                 #Viscosity lysozyme in water, cP\n",
-    "T = 293.15                  #Temperature, K\n",
-    "vbar = 0.703                #Specific volume of cm3/g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "m = M/NA\n",
-    "f = m*(1.-vbar*rho)/s\n",
-    "r = f/(6*pi*eta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Radius of Lysozyme particle is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.10:pg-443"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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f8PVXaamKiohkNnUsMVq6FIYMga98BWbOhCOOiDuRiEjTqWOJQV0d3HcfnHYa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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9adf8d0>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope is 3.78e-04 1/min or 6.299e-06 1/s \n",
-      "Sedimentation factor is 1.899e-13 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t = array([0.0,30.0,60.0,90.0,120.0,150.0])       #Time, min\n",
-    "xb = array([6.00,6.07,6.14,6.21,6.28,6.35])       #Location of boundary layer, cm\n",
-    "rpm = 55000.                                      #RPM of centrifuge \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nx = xb/xb[0]\n",
-    "lnx = log(nx)\n",
-    "A = array([ t, ones(size(t))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,lnx)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
-    "# plotting the line\n",
-    "line = slope*t+intercept # regression line\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "plot(t,line,'-',t,lnx,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ Time, min $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ \\log(x_b/x_{b0}) $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "sbar = (slope/60)/(rpm*2*pi/60)**2\n",
-    "print 'Slope is %6.2e 1/min or %4.3e 1/s '%(slope, slope/60)\n",
-    "print 'Sedimentation factor is %4.3e s'%(sbar)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.11:pg-449"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is 0.0258 S.m2/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "LMg = 0.0106                #Ionic conductance for Mg, S.m2/mol\n",
-    "LCl = 0.0076                #Ionic conductance for Cl, S.m2/mol\n",
-    "nMg, nCl = 1, 2             #Coefficients of Mg and Cl  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "LMgCl2 = nMg*LMg + nCl*LCl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is %5.4f S.m2/mol'%(LMgCl2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3Qk3YZ9.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3Qk3YZ9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bfc29594..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3Qk3YZ9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15: Statistical Thermodyanamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.2:pg-374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For Internal energy to be 1000.0 J temperature will be 449.0 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "U = 1.00e3            #Total internal energy, J\n",
-    "hnu = 1.00e-20        #Energy level separation, J\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "n = 1                 #Number of moles, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = hnu/(k*log(n*NA*hnu/U-1.))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Internal energy to be %4.1f J temperature will be %4.1f K'%(U,T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.3:pg-378"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy of excited state is 1.57e-19 J\n",
-      "Electronic partition function qE is 3.000e+00\n",
-      "Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is 3.921e-06 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "g0 = 3.0              #Ground State partition function\n",
-    "labda = 1263e-9       #Wave length in nm\n",
-    "T = 500.              #Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e8            #Speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of moles, mol\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "beta = 1./(k*T)\n",
-    "eps = h*c/labda\n",
-    "qE = g0 + exp(-beta*eps)\n",
-    "UE = n*NA*eps*exp(-beta*eps)/qE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Energy of excited state is %4.2e J'%eps\n",
-    "print 'Electronic partition function qE is %4.3e'%qE\n",
-    "print 'Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is %4.3e J'%UE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.5:pg-387"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 2.25e-11 m3\n",
-      "Std. Molar entropy for Ne is 145.46 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Kr is 1.11e-11 m3\n",
-      "Std. Molar entropy for Kr is 163.18 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Mne = 0.0201797       #Molecular wt of ne, kg/mol     \n",
-    "Mkr = 0.0837980       #Molecular wt of kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "Vmne = 0.0224         #Std. state molar volume of ne, m3\n",
-    "Vmkr = 0.0223         #Std. state molar volume of kr, m3\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298               #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
-    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "mne = Mne/NA\n",
-    "mkr = Mkr/NA\n",
-    "Labdane = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mne*k*T))\n",
-    "Labdakr = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mkr*k*T))\n",
-    "Sne = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmne/Labdane**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
-    "Skr = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmkr/Labdakr**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labdane\n",
-    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Ne is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Sne\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Kr is %4.2e m3'%Labdakr\n",
-    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Kr is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Skr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.8:pg-392"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 4.09e-33 m3\n",
-      "The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is -39.97 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "M = 0.040             #Moleculat wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298.15            #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
-    "P = 1e5               #Std. state pressure, Pa\n",
-    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "m = M/NA\n",
-    "Labda3 = (h**2/(2*pi*m*k*T))**(3./2)\n",
-    "G0 = -n*R*T*log(k*T/(P*Labda3))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labda3\n",
-    "print 'The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is %6.2f kJ'%(G0/1000)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3RZopIG.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3RZopIG.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 076c1413..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3RZopIG.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,700 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 06: Chemical Equilibrium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.1:pg-126"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 -813.6 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 -5320.9 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298.15\n",
-    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
-    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
-    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dACH4 = dHcCH4*1e3 - dnCH4*R*T - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
-    "dAC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - dnC8H18*R*T - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dACH4/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dAC8H18/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.2:pg-128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 -818.6 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 -5309.8 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298.15\n",
-    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
-    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
-    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGCH4 = dHcCH4*1e3  - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
-    "dGC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGCH4/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGC8H18/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.4:pg-133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is 355.1 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGf298 = 370.7     #Std. free energy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHf298 = 416.3     #Std. Enthalpy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "T = 400.           #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGf = T*(dGf298*1e3/T0 + dHf298*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGf/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.5:pg-137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. free energy Change on mixing is -2.8e+04 J\n",
-      "Std. entropy Change on mixing is -93.3 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "nHe = 1.0          #Number of moles of He\n",
-    "nNe = 3.0          #Number of moles of Ne\n",
-    "nAr = 2.0          #Number of moles of Ar\n",
-    "nXe = 2.5          #Number of moles of Xe\n",
-    "T = 298.15         #Temperature in K\n",
-    "P = 1.0            #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nHe + nNe + nAr + nXe\n",
-    "dGmix = n*R*T*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
-    "dSmix = n*R*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. free energy Change on mixing is %3.1e J'%(dGmix)\n",
-    "print 'Std. entropy Change on mixing is %4.1f J'%(dSmix)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.6:pg-138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 67.00 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGfFe  = 0.0       #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2O = -237.1     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfFe2O3 = -1015.4  #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nFe*dGfFe + nH2O*dGfH2O + nFe2O3*dGfFe2O3 + nH2*dGfH2  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(dGR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.7:pg-139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat 525.0 is -24.80 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat 525.0 is  137 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGR  = 67.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for reaction, kJ, from previous problem\n",
-    "dHfFe  = 0.0       #Enthalpy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfH2O = -285.8    #Enthalpy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfFe2O3 = -1118.4 #Enthalpy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfH2 = 0.0        #Enthalpy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "T = 525.           #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dHR = nFe*dHfFe + nH2O*dHfH2O + nFe2O3*dHfFe2O3 + nH2*dHfH2  \n",
-    "dGR2 = T*(dGR*1e3/T0 + dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(T, dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.0f kJ/mol'%(T, dGR2/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.8:pg-140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 1.337 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfNO2  = 51.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for NO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfN2O4 = 99.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for N2O4 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "pNO2 = 0.350       #Partial pressure of NO2, bar\n",
-    "pN2O4 = 0.650      #Partial pressure of N2O4, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nNO2, nN2O4 = -2, 1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of NO2 and N2O4 respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nN2O4*dGfN2O4*1e3 + nNO2*dGfNO2*1e3 + R*T0*log(pN2O4/(pNO2)**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.9:pg-141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is -0.020 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 3323.254 \n",
-      "Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCO2  = -394.4   #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCO = 237.1      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2O = 137.2     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCO2, nH2, nCO, nH2O = 1,1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CO2,H2,CO,H2O respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCO2*dGfCO2 + nH2*dGfH2 + nCO*dGfCO + nH2O*dGfH2O\n",
-    "Kp = exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %5.3f '%(Kp)\n",
-    "if Kp > 1: print 'Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.11:pg-144"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Part A\n",
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 211.400 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 242.600 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 4.223e-11, 1.042e-03, and 1.349e-01\n",
-      "Part B\n",
-      "Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 3.249e-05, 1.593e-01, and 8.782e-01\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCl2  = 0.0     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCl = 105.7     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCl2 = 0.0      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCl = 121.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15       #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCl2, nCl= -1,2 #Stoichiomentric coeff of Cl2,Cl respectively in reaction\n",
-    "PbyP0 = 0.01\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCl*dGfCl + nCl2*dGfCl2 \n",
-    "dHR = nCl*dHfCl + nCl2*dHfCl2 \n",
-    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
-    "Kp8 = func(800)\n",
-    "Kp15 = func(1500)\n",
-    "Kp20 = func(2000)\n",
-    "DDiss = lambda K: sqrt(K/(K+4*PbyP0))\n",
-    "alp8 = DDiss(Kp8)\n",
-    "alp15 = DDiss(Kp15)\n",
-    "alp20 = DDiss(Kp20)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Part A'\n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(Kp8,Kp15,Kp20)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'Part B'\n",
-    "print 'Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(alp8,alp15,alp20)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.12:pg-145"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 131.1 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 178.5 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are 0.0956, 0.673e, and 3.423\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCaCO3  = -1128.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCaO = -603.3         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCO2 = -394.4         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCaCO3 = -1206.9      #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCaO = -634.9         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCO2 = -393.5         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15             #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCaCO3, nCaO, nO2 = -1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CaCO3, CaO, O2 respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCaO*dGfCaO + nO2*dGfCO2 + nCaCO3*dGfCaCO3\n",
-    "dHR = nCaO*dHfCaO + nO2*dHfCO2 + nCaCO3*dHfCaCO3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kp10 = func(1000)\n",
-    "Kp11 = func(1100)\n",
-    "Kp12 = func(1200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are %4.4f, %4.3fe, and %4.3f'%(Kp10,Kp11,Kp12)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.13:pg-146"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is 1.51e+04 bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCG  = 0.0            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCD = 2.90            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "rhoG = 2.25e3           #Density of Graphite, kg/m3\n",
-    "rhoD = 3.52e3           #Density of dimond, kg/m3\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15             #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314               #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "P0 = 1.0                #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "M = 12.01               #Molceular wt of Carbon\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "P = P0*1e5 + dGfCD*1e3/((1./rhoG-1./rhoD)*M*1e-3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is %4.2e bar'%(P/1e5)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.14:pg-154"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dUbydV = 1.42e+03 bar\n",
-      "dVbyV = 6.519 percent\n",
-      "dUbydVm = 9e+02 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "beta = 2.04e-4          #Thermal exapansion coefficient, /K\n",
-    "kapa = 45.9e-6          #Isothermal compressibility, /bar\n",
-    "T = 298.15              #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.206e-2            #Ideal gas constant, atm.L/(mol.K) \n",
-    "T1 = 320.0              #Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pi = 1.0                #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "V = 1.00                #Volume, m3\n",
-    "a = 1.35                #van der Waals constant a for nitrogen, atm.L2/mol2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dUbydV = Pf = (beta*T1-kapa*P0)/kapa\n",
-    "dVT = V*kapa*(Pf-Pi)\n",
-    "dVbyV = dVT*100/V\n",
-    "Vm = Pi/(R*T1)\n",
-    "dUbydVm = a/(Vm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'dUbydV = %4.2e bar'%(dUbydV)\n",
-    "print 'dVbyV = %4.3f percent'%(dVbyV)\n",
-    "print 'dUbydVm = %4.0e atm'%(dUbydVm)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.15:pg-155"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Internal energy change is 4.06e+04 J/mol in which \n",
-      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 99.9999 percent\n",
-      "Enthalpy change is 4.185e+04 J/mol in which \n",
-      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 100.0 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp, log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m = 1000.0                #mass of mercury, g\n",
-    "Pi, Ti  = 1.00, 300.0     #Intial pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
-    "Pf, Tf  = 300., 600.0     #Final pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
-    "rho = 13534.              #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
-    "beta = 18.1e-4            #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
-    "kapa = 3.91e-6            #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
-    "Cpm = 27.98               #Molar Specific heat at constant pressure, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "M = 200.59                #Molecular wt of Hg, g/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vi = m*1e-3/rho\n",
-    "Vf = Vi*exp(-kapa*(Pf-Pi))\n",
-    "Ut = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M \n",
-    "Up =  (beta*Ti/kapa-Pi)*1e5*(Vf-Vi) + (Vi-Vf+Vf*log(Vf/Vi))*1e5/kapa\n",
-    "dU = Ut + Up\n",
-    "Ht = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M\n",
-    "Hp = ((1 + beta*(Tf-Ti))*Vi*exp(-kapa*Pi)/kapa)*(exp(-kapa*Pi)-exp(-kapa*Pf))\n",
-    "dH =  Ht + Hp\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Internal energy change is %6.2e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %6.4f percent'%(dU,Ut*100/dH)\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy change is %4.3e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %4.1f percent'%(dH,Ht*100/dH)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.16:pg-156"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Difference in molar specific heats \n",
-      "at constant volume and constant pressure 3.73e-03 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is 27.98 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature of Hg, K \n",
-    "beta = 18.1e-4              #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
-    "kapa = 3.91e-6              #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
-    "M = 0.20059                 #Molecular wt of Hg, kg/mol \n",
-    "rho = 13534                 #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
-    "Cpm = 27.98                 #Experimental Molar specif heat at const pressure for mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vm = M/rho\n",
-    "DCpmCv = T*Vm*beta**2/kapa\n",
-    "Cvm = Cpm - DCpmCv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Difference in molar specific heats \\nat constant volume and constant pressure %4.2e J/(mol.K)'%DCpmCv\n",
-    "print 'Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Cvm"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.17:pg-158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Molar Gibbs energy of Ar -46.154 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Molar Gibbs energy of Water -306.658 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T = 298.15                  #Std. Temperature, K \n",
-    "P = 1.0                     #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Hm0, Sm0 = 0.0,154.8        #Std. molar enthalpy and entropy of Ar(g), kJ, mol, K units\n",
-    "Sm0H2, Sm0O2 = 130.7,205.2  #Std. molar entropy of O2 and H2 (g), kJ/(mol.K)\n",
-    "dGfH2O = -237.1         #Gibbs energy of formation for H2O(l), kJ/mol  \n",
-    "nH2, nO2 = 1, 1./2       #Stoichiomentric coefficients for H2 and O2 in water formation reaction \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Gm0 = Hm0 - T*Sm0\n",
-    "dGmH2O = dGfH2O*1000 - T*(nH2*Sm0H2 + nO2*Sm0O2)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Ar %4.3f kJ/mol'%(Gm0/1e3)\n",
-    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Water %4.3f kJ/mol'%(dGmH2O/1e3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3oVSGJI.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3oVSGJI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 058c9da8..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3oVSGJI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,286 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 13: Boltzmann Distribution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.1:pg-321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The observed weight 1.37e+28 compared to 1.01e+29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "aH = 40         #Number of heads\n",
-    "N = 100         #Total events\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "aT = 100 - aH\n",
-    "We = factorial(N)/(factorial(aT)*factorial(aH))\n",
-    "Wexpected = factorial(N)/(factorial(N/2)*factorial(N/2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The observed weight %5.2e compared to %5.2e'%(We,Wexpected)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.2:pg-322"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At maximum value of ln(W)\n",
-      "Values of N1 : 6162, N2: 2676 and N3: 1162 \n",
-      "Maximum value of ln(W)=   9012\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, diff, log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Varialbe declaration\n",
-    "n = 10000       #Total number of particles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "def ster(i):\n",
-    "    return i*log(i)-i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n1, n2, n3, W = symbols('n1 n2 n3 W',positive=True)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n2 = 5000 - 2*n3\n",
-    "n1 = 10000 - n2 -n3\n",
-    "logW = ster(n) - ster(n1) - ster(n2) - ster(n3) \n",
-    "fun = diff(logW, n3)\n",
-    "dfun = diff(fun, n3)\n",
-    "x0 = 10.0\n",
-    "err = 1.0\n",
-    "while err>0.001:\n",
-    "    f = fun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "    df = dfun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "    xnew = x0 - f/df\n",
-    "    err = abs(x0-xnew)/x0\n",
-    "    x0 = xnew\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x0 = int(x0)\n",
-    "N2 = n2.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "N3 = x0\n",
-    "n1 = n1.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "N1 = n1.subs(n2,N2)\n",
-    "lnW = logW.subs(n3,N3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'At maximum value of ln(W)'\n",
-    "print 'Values of N1 : %4d, N2: %4d and N3: %4d '%(N1, N2,N3)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum value of ln(W)= %6d'%lnW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.3:pg-326"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.048 i.e. 4.8 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "p0 = 0.633        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
-    "p1 = 0.233\n",
-    "p2 = 0.086\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1+p2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f i.e.%4.1f percent'%(p4,p4*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.4:pg-327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "p0 = 0.394        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
-    "p1by2 = 0.239\n",
-    "p2 = 0.145\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1by2+p2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f'%(p4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.5:pg-333"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Partition function is 1.577\n",
-      "Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is 0.085\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "I2 = 208         #Vibrational frequency, cm-1 \n",
-    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "q = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*I2/(k*T)))\n",
-    "p2 = exp(-2*h*c*I2/(k*T))/q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Partition function is %4.3f'%(q)\n",
-    "print 'Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is %4.3f'%(p2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.6:pg-334"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Occupation Number is 0.999990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "B = 1.45         #Magnetic field streangth, Teslas \n",
-    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K \n",
-    "gnbn = 2.82e-26  #J/T\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ahpbyahm = math.exp(-gnbn*B/(k*T))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Occupation Number is %7.6f'%(ahpbyahm)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3z34ofU.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3z34ofU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cfc07351..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3z34ofU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,287 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 16: Kinetic Theory of Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.1:pg-407"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are  498,  244 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
-    "MNe = 0.020       #Molecular wt of Ne, kg/mol\n",
-    "MKr = 0.083       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "vmpNe = sqrt(2*R*T/MNe)\n",
-    "vmpKr = sqrt(2*R*T/MKr)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmpNe,vmpKr)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.2:pg-411"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\n",
-      "at 298 K are  352,  397,  431 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "vmp = sqrt(2*R*T/M)\n",
-    "vave = sqrt(8*R*T/(M*pi))\n",
-    "vrms = sqrt(3*R*T/M)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\\nat 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmp,vave,vrms)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.4, Page Numbe 413"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Number of Collisions 2.45e+27  per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "P = 101325        #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Zc = P*NA/sqrt(2*pi*R*T*M)\n",
-    "Nc = Zc*V \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Number of Collisions %4.2e  per s'%(Nc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.5:pg-414"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is 9.996e-03 Pa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi,exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "P0 = 1013.25      #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "t = 3600          #time of effusion, s\n",
-    "A = 0.01          #Area, um2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "A = A*1e-12\n",
-    "V = V*1e-3\n",
-    "expo = (A*t/V)*(k*T/(2*pi*M/NA))\n",
-    "P = P0*exp(-expo)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is %4.3e Pa'%(P/101325)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.6:pg-417"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Single particle collisional frequency is 6.9e+09 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.044         #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
-    "P  = 101325       #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "sigm = 5.2e-19    #m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "zCO2 = (P*NA/(R*T))*sigm*sqrt(2)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M)) \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Single particle collisional frequency is %4.1e per s'%(zCO2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.7:pg-417"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collisional frequency is 3.14e+34 m-3s-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "MAr = 0.04        #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "MKr = 0.084       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "pAr  = 360        #Partial Pressure Ar, torr\n",
-    "pKr  = 400        #Partial Pressure Kr, torr\n",
-    "rAr = 0.17e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Ar, m\n",
-    "rKr = 0.20e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Kr, m\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "pAr = pAr*101325/760\n",
-    "pKr = pKr*101325/760\n",
-    "p1 = pAr*NA/(R*T)\n",
-    "p2 = pKr*NA/(R*T)\n",
-    "sigm = pi*(rAr+rKr)**2\n",
-    "mu = MAr*MKr/((MAr+MKr)*NA)\n",
-    "p3 = sqrt(8*k*T/(pi*mu)) \n",
-    "zArKr = p1*p2*sigm*p3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Collisional frequency is %4.2e m-3s-1'%(zArKr)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_47uzEPc.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_47uzEPc.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 382b0ea4..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_47uzEPc.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,508 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 14: Ensemble and Molecular Partition Function"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.1:pg-344"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Difference in energy levels is 3.10e-38 J or 1.56e-15 1/cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "l = 0.01           #Box length, m \n",
-    "n1,n2 = 2,1        #Energy levels states\n",
-    "m = 5.31e-26       #mass of oxygen molecule, kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "dE = (n1+n2)*h**2/(8*m*l**2)\n",
-    "dEcm = dE/(h*c*1e2)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Difference in energy levels is %3.2e J or %3.2e 1/cm'%(dE,dEcm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.2:pg-345"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave length is 1.60e-11 m and\n",
-      "Translational partition function is 2.44e+29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "v = 1.0            #Volume, L\n",
-    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature of Ar, K\n",
-    "m = 6.63e-26       #Mass of Argon molecule, kg \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "GAMA = h/sqrt(2*pi*m*k*T)\n",
-    "v = v*1e-3\n",
-    "qT3D = v/GAMA**3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave length is %3.2e m and\\nTranslational partition function is %3.2e'%(GAMA,qT3D)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.4:pg-350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Spectrum will be observed at  494 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "J = 4              #Rotational energy level\n",
-    "B = 8.46           #Spectrum, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "T = (2*J+1)**2*h*c*100*B/(2*k)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Spectrum will be observed at %4.0f K'%(T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.5:pg-352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function of H2 at 1000 is 5.729\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B = 60.589         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 1000           #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "qR = k*T/(2*h*c*100*B)\n",
-    "qRs = 0.0\n",
-    "#for J in range(101):\n",
-    "#    print J\n",
-    "#    if (J%2 == 0):\n",
-    "#        qRs = qRs + (2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T)\n",
-    "#    else:\n",
-    "#        qRs = qRs + 3*(2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T))\n",
-    "#print qRs/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.6:pg-353"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function of H2 at  100 K is 928.121\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "B = 0.0374         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 100.0          #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "sigma = 2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "ThetaR = h*c*100*B/k\n",
-    "qR = T/(sigma*ThetaR)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f K is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.7:pg-354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at  298 K are  140, 16926, and  712 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "Ba = 1.48                        #Spectrum for OCS, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Spectrum for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Spectrum for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 298.0                        #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "sigmab = 1\n",
-    "sigmac = 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qRa = k*T/(h*c*100*Ba)\n",
-    "qRb = (sqrt(pi)/sigmab)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bb[0])*sqrt(1/Bb[1])*sqrt(1/Bb[2])\n",
-    "qRc = (sqrt(pi)/sigmac)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bc[0])*sqrt(1/Bc[1])*sqrt(1/Bc[2])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at %4.0f K are %4.0f, %4.0f, and %4.0f respectively'%(T,qRa,qRb,qRc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.8:pg-356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Vibrational partition function for I2 at  298 and 1000 are 1.58 K and 3.86 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ba = 1.48                        #Frequency for OCS, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Frequency for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Frequency for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
-    "T298 = 298.0                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "T1000 = 1000                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "nubar  =  208\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qv298 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T298)))\n",
-    "qv1000 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T1000)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Vibrational partition function for I2 at %4d and %4d are %4.2f K and %4.2f respectively'%(T298, T1000,qv298, qv1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.9:pg-357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At  450 1/cm the q = 1.128\n",
-      "At  945 1/cm the q = 1.010\n",
-      "At 1100 1/cm the q = 1.005\n",
-      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 298.0 K is 1.146 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = [450, 945, 1100]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for OClO, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Qv = 1.\n",
-    "for i in nubar:\n",
-    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
-    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
-    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.10:pg-359"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Vibrational partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 10.508\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = 917        #Vibrational mode frequencies for F2, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "ThetaV = h*c*100*nubar/k\n",
-    "Th = 10*ThetaV\n",
-    "qv = 1/(1.-exp(-ThetaV/Th))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Vibrational partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.11:pg-360"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At 1388 1/cm the q = 1.157\n",
-      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
-      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
-      "At 2349 1/cm the q = 1.035\n",
-      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 1000.0 K is 3.139\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 1000           #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = [1388, 667.4,667.4,2349]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for CO2, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Qv = 1.\n",
-    "for i in nubar:\n",
-    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
-    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
-    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.12:pg-363"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electronic partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 9.45\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 298.           #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "n = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]   #Energy levels\n",
-    "E0 = [0,137.38,323.46,552.96,2112.28,2153.21,2220.11,2311.36,2424.78]      #Energies, 1/cm\n",
-    "g0 = [4,6,8,10,2,4,6,8,10]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qE = 0.0\n",
-    "for i in range(9):\n",
-    "    a =g0[i]*exp(-h*c*100*E0[i]/(k*T))\n",
-    "    qE = qE + a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Electronic partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.2f'%(T, qE)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_4wLOrg1.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_4wLOrg1.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f1b328b..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_4wLOrg1.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,314 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11: Electrochemical Cells, Batteries, and Fuel Cells"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.1:pg-265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The potential of H+/H2 half cell 0.0083 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "aH = 0.770        #Activity of \n",
-    "fH2 = 1.13        #Fugacity of Hydrogen gas\n",
-    "E0 = 0.0          #Std. electrode potential, V\n",
-    "n = 1.0           #Number of electrons transfered\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "E = E0 - (0.05916/n)*log(aH/sqrt(fH2),10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The potential of H+/H2 half cell %5.4f V'%E"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.2:pg-266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "0.689 1.019\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E0r1 = -0.877       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)                   \n",
-    "E0r2 = -1.660       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)\n",
-    "E0r3 = +0.071       #Std Electrod potential for Rx3 : AgBr (s) + e- ------> Ag(s) +Br- (aq.)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "#3Fe(OH)2 (s)+ 2Al (s)  <---------> 3Fe (s)  + 6(OH-) + 2Al3+\n",
-    "E0a = 3*E0r1 + (-2)*E0r2\n",
-    "#Fe (s) + 2OH- +   2AgBr (s) -------> Fe(OH)2 (s)  + 2Ag(s) +  2Br- (aq.)\n",
-    "E0b = -E0r1 + (2)*E0r3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print '%5.3f %5.3f'%(E0a,E0b)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.3:pg-267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E0 for overall reaction is -0.041 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E01 = 0.771      #Rx1 : Fe3+ + e- -----> Fe2+\n",
-    "E02 = -0.447     #Rx2 : Fe2+ + 2e- -----> Fe\n",
-    "F = 96485        #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n1,n2,n3 = 1.,2.,3.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dG01 = -n1*F*E01\n",
-    "dG02 = -n2*F*E02\n",
-    "                #For overall reaction\n",
-    "dG0 = dG01 + dG02\n",
-    "E0Fe3byFe = -dG0/(n3*F)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'E0 for overall reaction is %5.3f V'%(E0Fe3byFe)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.4:pg-268"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is -2.32e+02 and\n",
-      "Std entropy values is -2.41e+02 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E01 = +1.36             #Std. electrode potential for Cl2/Cl\n",
-    "dE0bydT = -1.20e-3      #V/K\n",
-    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "S0H = 0.0               #Std. entropy J/(K.mol) for H+ ,Cl-,H2, Cl2 \n",
-    "S0Cl = 56.5\n",
-    "S0H2 = 130.7\n",
-    "S0Cl2 = 223.1\n",
-    "nH, nCl, nH2, nCl2 = 2, 2, -1,-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dS01 = n*F*dE0bydT\n",
-    "dS02 =nH*S0H + nCl*S0Cl + nH2*S0H2 + nCl2*S0Cl2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is %4.2e and\\nStd entropy values is %4.2e V'%(dS01,dS02)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.5:pg-269"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.55e+37\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E0 = +1.10              #Std. electrode potential for Danniel cell, V\n",
-    "                        #Zn(s) + Cu++ ----->  Zn2+   +  Cu\n",
-    "T = 298.15              #V/K\n",
-    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "R = 8.314               #Gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "K = exp(n*F*E0/(R*T))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(K)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.6:pg-269"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.57e-10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E = +0.29               #Cell emf, V\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ksp = 10**(-n*E/0.05916)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(Ksp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.8:pg-272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are 2.27 V, 0.71 V, and -0.18 V\n",
-      "Zn has positive cell potential of 2.272 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n",
-      "Ag has positive cell potential of 0.710 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E = +1.51               #EMF for reduction of permangnet, V\n",
-    "E01 = -0.7618           #Zn2+  + 2e-  -------->  Zn (s)\n",
-    "E02 = +0.7996           #Ag+  + e-  -------->  Ag (s)\n",
-    "E03 = +1.6920           #Au+  + e-  -------->  Au (s)        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "EZn = E - E01\n",
-    "EAg = E - E02\n",
-    "EAu = E - E03\n",
-    "animals = {\"parrot\": 2, \"fish\": 6}\n",
-    "Er = {\"Zn\":EZn,\"Ag\":EAg,\"Au\":EAu}\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are %4.2f V, %4.2f V, and %4.2f V'%(EZn, EAg,EAu)\n",
-    "for i in Er:\n",
-    "    if Er[i] >0.0:\n",
-    "        print '%s has positive cell potential of %4.3f V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion' %(i,Er[i])\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_5AfCLKz.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_5AfCLKz.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 29d2cd41..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_5AfCLKz.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,421 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 5: Enthalpy and the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.1:pg-90"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency of heat engine is 0.600\n",
-      "Work done by heat engine is 600.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Th, Tc = 500.,200.     #Temeperatures IN Which reversible heat engine works, K\n",
-    "q = 1000.              #Heat absorbed by heat engine, J\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "eps = 1.-Tc/Th\n",
-    "w = eps*q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Efficiency of heat engine is %4.3f'%eps\n",
-    "print 'Work done by heat engine is %4.1f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.4:pg-94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 24.43 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 320.,650.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 80.,120.      #Initial and final state volume of CO2, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 31.08,-0.01452,3.1415e-5,-1.4973e-8\n",
-    "                       #Constants in constant volume Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*R*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "dS = dS1 + dS2\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.5:pg-94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 48.55 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 2.5                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 450.,800.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
-    "                       #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*R*log(pf/pi)\n",
-    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.6:pg-95"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 58.2 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term 2.8e-05\n",
-      "hence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 3.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 300.,600.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.00,3.00     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "cpm = 27.98            #Specific heat of mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "M = 200.59             #Molecualr wt of mercury, g/(mol)\n",
-    "beta = 1.81e-4         #per K\n",
-    "rho = 13.54            #Density of mercury, g/cm3\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "dS1 = n*cpm*log(Tf/Ti)\n",
-    "dS2 = n*(M/(rho*1e6))*beta*(pf-pi)*1e5\n",
-    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS\n",
-    "print 'Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term %3.1e\\nhence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less'%(dS2/dS1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.7:pg-99"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of surrounding is  7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Total Entropy changeis  0.0 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "w = -qrev\n",
-    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
-    "dSsur = -dSsys\n",
-    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
-    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.8:pg-100"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Constant external pressure and initial pressure are 2.494e+05 J,and 9.977e+04 J respectively\n",
-      "Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are -2285.4 J,and -3741.3 J respectively\n",
-      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Entropy change of surrounding is 12.47 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Total Entropy changeis 4.85 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "pext = n*R*T/(vf/1e3)\n",
-    "pi = n*R*T/(vi/1e3)\n",
-    "q = pext*(vf-vi)/1e3\n",
-    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "w = -q\n",
-    "dSsur = -q/T\n",
-    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
-    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Constant external pressure and initial pressure are %4.3e J,and %4.3e J respectively'%(pext,pi)\n",
-    "print 'Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are %4.1f J,and %4.1f J respectively'%(qrev,q)\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
-    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.9:pg-103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is 204.8 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "D1 = 2.11e-3           #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for K<T<12.97K, in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = -5.666,0.6927,-5.191e-3,9.943e-4\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 12.97<T<23.66, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A3, B3, C3, D3 = 31.70,-2.038,0.08384,-6.685e-4\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 23.66<T<43.76, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A4 = 46.094 #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 43.76<T<54.39, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A5, B5, C5, D5 = 81.268,-1.1467,0.01516,-6.407e-5\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 54.39<T<90.20K, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A6, B6, C6, D6 = 32.71,-0.04093,1.545e-4,-1.819e-7\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 90.20<T<298.15 KJ, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "Ltrans1 = 93.80   #Entalpy of transition at 23.66K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans2 = 743.0   #Entalpy of transition at 43.76K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans3 = 445.0   #Entalpy of transition at 54.39K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans4 = 6815.   #Entalpy of transition at 90.20K, J/mol\n",
-    "T1 = 12.97        #Maximum applicabliltiy temeprature for first heat capacity equation, K\n",
-    "T12 = 23.66       #Phase Change temperature from Solid III--II, K\n",
-    "T23 = 43.76       #Phase Change temperature from Solid II--I, K\n",
-    "T34 = 54.39       #Phase Change temperature from Solid I--liquid, K\n",
-    "T45 = 90.20       #Phase Change temperature from liquid--gas, K\n",
-    "Ts = 298.15       #Std. Temeprature, K\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (D1*T**3)/T, (T,0,T1)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*integrate( (A2 + B2*T + C2*T**2 + D2*T**3)/T, (T,T1,T12)) \n",
-    "dS21 = Ltrans1/T12\n",
-    "dS3 = n*integrate( (A3 + B3*T + C3*T**2 + D3*T**3)/T, (T,T12,T23)) \n",
-    "dS31 = Ltrans2/T23\n",
-    "dS4 = n*integrate( (A4)/T, (T,T23,T34)) \n",
-    "dS41 = Ltrans3/T34\n",
-    "dS5 = n*integrate( (A5 + B5*T + C5*T**2 + D5*T**3)/T, (T,T34,T45)) \n",
-    "dS51 = Ltrans4/T45\n",
-    "dS6 = n*integrate( (A6 + B6*T + C6*T**2 + D6*T**3)/T, (T,T45,Ts))\n",
-    "#print dS1+dS2,dS21\n",
-    "#print dS3, dS31\n",
-    "#print dS4, dS41\n",
-    "#print dS5, dS51\n",
-    "#print dS6\n",
-    "dS = dS1+dS2+dS21+dS3+dS31+dS4+dS41+dS5+dS51+dS6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.10:pg-105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change for reaction at  475 K is -88.26 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2 formed, mol\n",
-    "p = 1.                 #Pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1, B1, C1, D1 = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO2, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = 30.81,-1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, 0.0\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for O2, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A3, B3, C3, D3 =  31.08,-1.452e-2,3.1415e-5 ,-1.4793e-8          \n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298CO = 197.67   #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298CO2 = 213.74  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298O2 = 205.138  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Tr = 475.           #Reaction temperature, K\n",
-    "Ts = 298.15         #Std. temperature, K\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "v1,v2,v3 = 1.,1./2,1.\n",
-    "DSr = DSr298CO2*v1 - DSr298CO*v1 - DSr298O2*v2\n",
-    "DA = v1*A1-v2*A2-v3*A3\n",
-    "DB = v1*B1-v2*B2-v3*B3\n",
-    "DC = v1*C1-v2*C2-v3*C3\n",
-    "DD = v1*D1-v2*D2-v3*D3\n",
-    "dS = DSr + n*integrate( (DA + DB*T + DC*T**2 + DD*T**3)/T, (T,Ts,Tr)) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change for reaction at %4d K is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%(Tr,dS)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_5y05ccc.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_5y05ccc.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 29d2cd41..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_5y05ccc.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,421 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 5: Enthalpy and the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.1:pg-90"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency of heat engine is 0.600\n",
-      "Work done by heat engine is 600.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Th, Tc = 500.,200.     #Temeperatures IN Which reversible heat engine works, K\n",
-    "q = 1000.              #Heat absorbed by heat engine, J\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "eps = 1.-Tc/Th\n",
-    "w = eps*q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Efficiency of heat engine is %4.3f'%eps\n",
-    "print 'Work done by heat engine is %4.1f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.4:pg-94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 24.43 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 320.,650.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 80.,120.      #Initial and final state volume of CO2, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 31.08,-0.01452,3.1415e-5,-1.4973e-8\n",
-    "                       #Constants in constant volume Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*R*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "dS = dS1 + dS2\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.5:pg-94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 48.55 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 2.5                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 450.,800.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
-    "                       #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*R*log(pf/pi)\n",
-    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.6:pg-95"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 58.2 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term 2.8e-05\n",
-      "hence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 3.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 300.,600.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.00,3.00     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "cpm = 27.98            #Specific heat of mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "M = 200.59             #Molecualr wt of mercury, g/(mol)\n",
-    "beta = 1.81e-4         #per K\n",
-    "rho = 13.54            #Density of mercury, g/cm3\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "dS1 = n*cpm*log(Tf/Ti)\n",
-    "dS2 = n*(M/(rho*1e6))*beta*(pf-pi)*1e5\n",
-    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS\n",
-    "print 'Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term %3.1e\\nhence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less'%(dS2/dS1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.7:pg-99"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of surrounding is  7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Total Entropy changeis  0.0 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "w = -qrev\n",
-    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
-    "dSsur = -dSsys\n",
-    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
-    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.8:pg-100"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Constant external pressure and initial pressure are 2.494e+05 J,and 9.977e+04 J respectively\n",
-      "Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are -2285.4 J,and -3741.3 J respectively\n",
-      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Entropy change of surrounding is 12.47 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Total Entropy changeis 4.85 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "pext = n*R*T/(vf/1e3)\n",
-    "pi = n*R*T/(vi/1e3)\n",
-    "q = pext*(vf-vi)/1e3\n",
-    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "w = -q\n",
-    "dSsur = -q/T\n",
-    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
-    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Constant external pressure and initial pressure are %4.3e J,and %4.3e J respectively'%(pext,pi)\n",
-    "print 'Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are %4.1f J,and %4.1f J respectively'%(qrev,q)\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
-    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.9:pg-103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is 204.8 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "D1 = 2.11e-3           #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for K<T<12.97K, in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = -5.666,0.6927,-5.191e-3,9.943e-4\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 12.97<T<23.66, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A3, B3, C3, D3 = 31.70,-2.038,0.08384,-6.685e-4\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 23.66<T<43.76, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A4 = 46.094 #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 43.76<T<54.39, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A5, B5, C5, D5 = 81.268,-1.1467,0.01516,-6.407e-5\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 54.39<T<90.20K, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A6, B6, C6, D6 = 32.71,-0.04093,1.545e-4,-1.819e-7\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 90.20<T<298.15 KJ, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "Ltrans1 = 93.80   #Entalpy of transition at 23.66K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans2 = 743.0   #Entalpy of transition at 43.76K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans3 = 445.0   #Entalpy of transition at 54.39K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans4 = 6815.   #Entalpy of transition at 90.20K, J/mol\n",
-    "T1 = 12.97        #Maximum applicabliltiy temeprature for first heat capacity equation, K\n",
-    "T12 = 23.66       #Phase Change temperature from Solid III--II, K\n",
-    "T23 = 43.76       #Phase Change temperature from Solid II--I, K\n",
-    "T34 = 54.39       #Phase Change temperature from Solid I--liquid, K\n",
-    "T45 = 90.20       #Phase Change temperature from liquid--gas, K\n",
-    "Ts = 298.15       #Std. Temeprature, K\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (D1*T**3)/T, (T,0,T1)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*integrate( (A2 + B2*T + C2*T**2 + D2*T**3)/T, (T,T1,T12)) \n",
-    "dS21 = Ltrans1/T12\n",
-    "dS3 = n*integrate( (A3 + B3*T + C3*T**2 + D3*T**3)/T, (T,T12,T23)) \n",
-    "dS31 = Ltrans2/T23\n",
-    "dS4 = n*integrate( (A4)/T, (T,T23,T34)) \n",
-    "dS41 = Ltrans3/T34\n",
-    "dS5 = n*integrate( (A5 + B5*T + C5*T**2 + D5*T**3)/T, (T,T34,T45)) \n",
-    "dS51 = Ltrans4/T45\n",
-    "dS6 = n*integrate( (A6 + B6*T + C6*T**2 + D6*T**3)/T, (T,T45,Ts))\n",
-    "#print dS1+dS2,dS21\n",
-    "#print dS3, dS31\n",
-    "#print dS4, dS41\n",
-    "#print dS5, dS51\n",
-    "#print dS6\n",
-    "dS = dS1+dS2+dS21+dS3+dS31+dS4+dS41+dS5+dS51+dS6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.10:pg-105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change for reaction at  475 K is -88.26 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2 formed, mol\n",
-    "p = 1.                 #Pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1, B1, C1, D1 = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO2, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = 30.81,-1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, 0.0\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for O2, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A3, B3, C3, D3 =  31.08,-1.452e-2,3.1415e-5 ,-1.4793e-8          \n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298CO = 197.67   #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298CO2 = 213.74  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298O2 = 205.138  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Tr = 475.           #Reaction temperature, K\n",
-    "Ts = 298.15         #Std. temperature, K\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "v1,v2,v3 = 1.,1./2,1.\n",
-    "DSr = DSr298CO2*v1 - DSr298CO*v1 - DSr298O2*v2\n",
-    "DA = v1*A1-v2*A2-v3*A3\n",
-    "DB = v1*B1-v2*B2-v3*B3\n",
-    "DC = v1*C1-v2*C2-v3*C3\n",
-    "DD = v1*D1-v2*D2-v3*D3\n",
-    "dS = DSr + n*integrate( (DA + DB*T + DC*T**2 + DD*T**3)/T, (T,Ts,Tr)) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change for reaction at %4d K is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%(Tr,dS)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_6abjRKa.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_6abjRKa.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1fc19029..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_6abjRKa.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1. Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.1:pg-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Final Tyre pressure is 3.61e+05 Pa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "Pi = 3.21e5             #Recommended tyre pressure, Pa\n",
-    "Ti = -5.00              #Initial Tyre temperature, °C\n",
-    "Tf = 28.00              #Final Tyre temperature, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ti = 273.16 + Ti\n",
-    "Tf = 273.16 + Tf\n",
-    "pf = Pi*Tf/Ti           #Final tyre pressure, Pa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Final Tyre pressure is %6.2e Pa'%pf"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.2:pg-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Moles of He=0.121, Ne=0.303 and, Xe=0.040 in mol\n",
-      "Mole fraction of xHe=0.261, xNe=0.652 and, xXe=0.087\n",
-      "Final pressure is 1.917 bar\n",
-      "Partial pressure of pHe=0.500, pNe=1.250 and, pXe=0.167 in bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "phe = 1.5          #Pressure in Helium chamber, bar\n",
-    "vhe = 2.0          #Volume of Helium chamber, L\n",
-    "pne = 2.5          #Pressure in Neon chamber, bar\n",
-    "vne = 3.0          #Volume of Neon chamber, L\n",
-    "pxe = 1.0          #Pressure in Xenon chamber, bar\n",
-    "vxe = 1.0          #Volume of Xenon chamber, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "nhe = phe*vhe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Helium, mol\n",
-    "nne = pne*vne/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Neon, mol\n",
-    "nxe = pxe*vxe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Xenon, mol\n",
-    "n = nhe + nne + nxe            #Total number of moles, mol\n",
-    "V = vhe + vne + vxe            #Total volume of system, L\n",
-    "xhe = nhe/n\n",
-    "xne = nne/n\n",
-    "xxe = nxe/n\n",
-    "P = n*R*T/(V)\n",
-    "phe = P*xhe              #Partial pressure of Helium, bar\n",
-    "pne = P*xne              #Partial pressure of Neon, bar\n",
-    "pxe = P*xxe              #Partial pressure of Xenon, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Moles of He=%4.3f, Ne=%4.3f and, Xe=%4.3f in mol'%(nhe,nne,nxe) \n",
-    "print 'Mole fraction of xHe=%4.3f, xNe=%4.3f and, xXe=%4.3f'%(xhe,xne,xxe)\n",
-    "print 'Final pressure is %4.3f bar'%P\n",
-    "print 'Partial pressure of pHe=%4.3f, pNe=%4.3f and, pXe=%4.3f in bar'%(phe,pne,pxe)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.4:pg-12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 9.98e-02 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 9.98e-02 bar \n",
-      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 249.4 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 269.9 bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math \n",
-    "T = 300.0               #Nitrogen temperature, K\n",
-    "v1 = 250.00             #Molar volume, L\n",
-    "v2 = 0.1                #Molar volume, L\n",
-    "a = 1.37                #Van der Waals parameter a, bar.dm6/mol2 \n",
-    "b = 0.0387              #Van der Waals parameter b, dm3/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2            #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1 = n*R*T/v1           \n",
-    "p2 = n*R*T/v2\n",
-    "pv1 = n*R*T/(v1-n*b)- n**2*a/v1**2\n",
-    "pv2 = n*R*T/(v2-n*b)- n**2*a/v2**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.2e bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.2e bar '%(p1, pv1)\n",
-    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.1f bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.1f bar '%(p2, pv2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_7YykOlL.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_7YykOlL.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 430c21a8..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_7YykOlL.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,484 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 12: Probability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.1:pg-295"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of picking up any one ball is 1.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Varible declaration\n",
-    "n = range(1,51,1)\n",
-    "Prob = 0\n",
-    "for x in n:\n",
-    "    Prob = 1./len(n) + Prob\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of picking up any one ball is %3.1f'%Prob"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.2:pg-296"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of 52 cards is 1/4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
-    "nheart = 13     #Number of cards with hearts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Pe = Fraction(nheart,n)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of %d cards is'%n,Pe"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.3:pg-297"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is 311875200\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "TotalM = n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)*(n-4)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is %d'%TotalM"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.4:pg-297"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Possible spin states for excited state are  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n1 = 2         #Two spin states for 1st electron in orbit 1\n",
-    "n2 = 2         #Two spin states for 2nd electron in orbit 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M = n1*n1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Possible spin states for excited state are %2d'%M"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.5:pg-298"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are    95040\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 12         #Total Number of players \n",
-    "j = 5          #Number player those can play match\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P = factorial(n)/factorial(n-j)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are %8d'%P"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.6:pg-299"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are  2598960\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52         #Number of cards in std . pack\n",
-    "j = 5          #Number of cards in subset\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "C = factorial(n)/(factorial(j)*factorial(n-j))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are %8d'%C"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.7:pg-300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total number of quantum states are  15\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "x = 6          #Number of electrons\n",
-    "n = 2          #Number of states\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P = factorial(x)/(factorial(n)*factorial(x-n))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total number of quantum states are %3d'%P"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.8:pg-301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is 0.112\n",
-      "Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is 9.124e-06\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 50          #Number of separate experiments\n",
-    "j1 = 25          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
-    "j2 = 10          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "C25 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j1)*factorial(n-j1))\n",
-    "PE25 = Fraction(1,2)**j1\n",
-    "PEC25 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j1)\n",
-    "P25 = C25*PE25*PEC25\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C10 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j2)*factorial(n-j2))\n",
-    "PE10 = Fraction(1,2)**j2\n",
-    "PEC10 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j2)\n",
-    "P10 = C10*PE10*PEC10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3f'%(float(P25))\n",
-    "print 'Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3e'%(float(P10))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.9:pg-302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error\n",
-      " 10       15.10        13.03              2.08\n",
-      " 50       148.48        145.60              2.88\n",
-      "100       363.74        360.52              3.22\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial, log\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "N = [10,50,100]       #Valures for N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "print '  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error'\n",
-    "for i in N:\n",
-    "    lnN = log(factorial(i))\n",
-    "    lnNs = i*log(i)-i\n",
-    "    err = abs(lnN-lnNs)\n",
-    "    print '%3d       %5.2f        %5.2f              %4.2f'%(i,lnN,lnNs, err)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.10:pg-305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of receiving any card 1/52\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "fi = 1       #Probability of receiving any card\n",
-    "n = 52       #Number od Cards\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "sum = 0\n",
-    "for i in range(52):\n",
-    "    sum = sum + fi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pxi = Fraction(fi,sum)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of receiving any card', Pxi"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.11:pg-307"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sum of Px considering it as discrete function 20.4\n",
-      "Sum of Px considering it as contineous function 19.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "fun = lambda x: exp(-0.05*x)\n",
-    "Pt = 0\n",
-    "for i in range(0,101):\n",
-    "    Pt = Pt + fun(i)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "Ptot = integrate.quad(fun, 0.0, 100.)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as discrete function %4.1f'%Pt\n",
-    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as contineous function %4.1f'%Ptot[0]"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.12:pg-308"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "r = Symbol('r')      #Radius of inner circle\n",
-    "C = [5,2,0]\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "A1 = pi*r**2\n",
-    "A2 = pi*(2*r)**2 - A1\n",
-    "A3 = pi*(3*r)**2 - (A1 + A2)\n",
-    "At = A1 + A2 + A3\n",
-    "f1 = A1/At\n",
-    "f2 = A2/At\n",
-    "f3 = A3/At\n",
-    "sf = f1 + f2 + f3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ns = (f1*C[0]+f2*C[1]+f3*C[2])/sf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'A1, A2, A3: ', A1,', ', A2,', ', A3\n",
-    "print 'f1, f2, f3: ', f1,f2,f3\n",
-    "print 'Average payout $', round(float(ns),2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_9c27zxN.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_9c27zxN.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cfc07351..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_9c27zxN.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,287 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 16: Kinetic Theory of Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.1:pg-407"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are  498,  244 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
-    "MNe = 0.020       #Molecular wt of Ne, kg/mol\n",
-    "MKr = 0.083       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "vmpNe = sqrt(2*R*T/MNe)\n",
-    "vmpKr = sqrt(2*R*T/MKr)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmpNe,vmpKr)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.2:pg-411"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\n",
-      "at 298 K are  352,  397,  431 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "vmp = sqrt(2*R*T/M)\n",
-    "vave = sqrt(8*R*T/(M*pi))\n",
-    "vrms = sqrt(3*R*T/M)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\\nat 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmp,vave,vrms)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.4, Page Numbe 413"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Number of Collisions 2.45e+27  per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "P = 101325        #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Zc = P*NA/sqrt(2*pi*R*T*M)\n",
-    "Nc = Zc*V \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Number of Collisions %4.2e  per s'%(Nc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.5:pg-414"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is 9.996e-03 Pa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi,exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "P0 = 1013.25      #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "t = 3600          #time of effusion, s\n",
-    "A = 0.01          #Area, um2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "A = A*1e-12\n",
-    "V = V*1e-3\n",
-    "expo = (A*t/V)*(k*T/(2*pi*M/NA))\n",
-    "P = P0*exp(-expo)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is %4.3e Pa'%(P/101325)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.6:pg-417"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Single particle collisional frequency is 6.9e+09 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.044         #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
-    "P  = 101325       #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "sigm = 5.2e-19    #m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "zCO2 = (P*NA/(R*T))*sigm*sqrt(2)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M)) \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Single particle collisional frequency is %4.1e per s'%(zCO2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.7:pg-417"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collisional frequency is 3.14e+34 m-3s-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "MAr = 0.04        #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "MKr = 0.084       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "pAr  = 360        #Partial Pressure Ar, torr\n",
-    "pKr  = 400        #Partial Pressure Kr, torr\n",
-    "rAr = 0.17e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Ar, m\n",
-    "rKr = 0.20e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Kr, m\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "pAr = pAr*101325/760\n",
-    "pKr = pKr*101325/760\n",
-    "p1 = pAr*NA/(R*T)\n",
-    "p2 = pKr*NA/(R*T)\n",
-    "sigm = pi*(rAr+rKr)**2\n",
-    "mu = MAr*MKr/((MAr+MKr)*NA)\n",
-    "p3 = sqrt(8*k*T/(pi*mu)) \n",
-    "zArKr = p1*p2*sigm*p3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Collisional frequency is %4.2e m-3s-1'%(zArKr)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_9cObgYn.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_9cObgYn.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bfc29594..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_9cObgYn.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15: Statistical Thermodyanamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.2:pg-374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For Internal energy to be 1000.0 J temperature will be 449.0 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "U = 1.00e3            #Total internal energy, J\n",
-    "hnu = 1.00e-20        #Energy level separation, J\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "n = 1                 #Number of moles, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = hnu/(k*log(n*NA*hnu/U-1.))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Internal energy to be %4.1f J temperature will be %4.1f K'%(U,T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.3:pg-378"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy of excited state is 1.57e-19 J\n",
-      "Electronic partition function qE is 3.000e+00\n",
-      "Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is 3.921e-06 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "g0 = 3.0              #Ground State partition function\n",
-    "labda = 1263e-9       #Wave length in nm\n",
-    "T = 500.              #Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e8            #Speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of moles, mol\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "beta = 1./(k*T)\n",
-    "eps = h*c/labda\n",
-    "qE = g0 + exp(-beta*eps)\n",
-    "UE = n*NA*eps*exp(-beta*eps)/qE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Energy of excited state is %4.2e J'%eps\n",
-    "print 'Electronic partition function qE is %4.3e'%qE\n",
-    "print 'Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is %4.3e J'%UE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.5:pg-387"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 2.25e-11 m3\n",
-      "Std. Molar entropy for Ne is 145.46 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Kr is 1.11e-11 m3\n",
-      "Std. Molar entropy for Kr is 163.18 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Mne = 0.0201797       #Molecular wt of ne, kg/mol     \n",
-    "Mkr = 0.0837980       #Molecular wt of kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "Vmne = 0.0224         #Std. state molar volume of ne, m3\n",
-    "Vmkr = 0.0223         #Std. state molar volume of kr, m3\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298               #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
-    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "mne = Mne/NA\n",
-    "mkr = Mkr/NA\n",
-    "Labdane = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mne*k*T))\n",
-    "Labdakr = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mkr*k*T))\n",
-    "Sne = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmne/Labdane**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
-    "Skr = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmkr/Labdakr**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labdane\n",
-    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Ne is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Sne\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Kr is %4.2e m3'%Labdakr\n",
-    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Kr is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Skr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.8:pg-392"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 4.09e-33 m3\n",
-      "The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is -39.97 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "M = 0.040             #Moleculat wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298.15            #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
-    "P = 1e5               #Std. state pressure, Pa\n",
-    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "m = M/NA\n",
-    "Labda3 = (h**2/(2*pi*m*k*T))**(3./2)\n",
-    "G0 = -n*R*T*log(k*T/(P*Labda3))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labda3\n",
-    "print 'The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is %6.2f kJ'%(G0/1000)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_9ui5Wjm.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_9ui5Wjm.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 076c1413..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_9ui5Wjm.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,700 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 06: Chemical Equilibrium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.1:pg-126"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 -813.6 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 -5320.9 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298.15\n",
-    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
-    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
-    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dACH4 = dHcCH4*1e3 - dnCH4*R*T - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
-    "dAC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - dnC8H18*R*T - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dACH4/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dAC8H18/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.2:pg-128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 -818.6 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 -5309.8 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298.15\n",
-    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
-    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
-    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGCH4 = dHcCH4*1e3  - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
-    "dGC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGCH4/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGC8H18/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.4:pg-133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is 355.1 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGf298 = 370.7     #Std. free energy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHf298 = 416.3     #Std. Enthalpy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "T = 400.           #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGf = T*(dGf298*1e3/T0 + dHf298*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGf/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.5:pg-137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. free energy Change on mixing is -2.8e+04 J\n",
-      "Std. entropy Change on mixing is -93.3 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "nHe = 1.0          #Number of moles of He\n",
-    "nNe = 3.0          #Number of moles of Ne\n",
-    "nAr = 2.0          #Number of moles of Ar\n",
-    "nXe = 2.5          #Number of moles of Xe\n",
-    "T = 298.15         #Temperature in K\n",
-    "P = 1.0            #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nHe + nNe + nAr + nXe\n",
-    "dGmix = n*R*T*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
-    "dSmix = n*R*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. free energy Change on mixing is %3.1e J'%(dGmix)\n",
-    "print 'Std. entropy Change on mixing is %4.1f J'%(dSmix)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.6:pg-138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 67.00 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGfFe  = 0.0       #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2O = -237.1     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfFe2O3 = -1015.4  #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nFe*dGfFe + nH2O*dGfH2O + nFe2O3*dGfFe2O3 + nH2*dGfH2  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(dGR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.7:pg-139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat 525.0 is -24.80 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat 525.0 is  137 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGR  = 67.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for reaction, kJ, from previous problem\n",
-    "dHfFe  = 0.0       #Enthalpy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfH2O = -285.8    #Enthalpy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfFe2O3 = -1118.4 #Enthalpy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfH2 = 0.0        #Enthalpy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "T = 525.           #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dHR = nFe*dHfFe + nH2O*dHfH2O + nFe2O3*dHfFe2O3 + nH2*dHfH2  \n",
-    "dGR2 = T*(dGR*1e3/T0 + dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(T, dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.0f kJ/mol'%(T, dGR2/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.8:pg-140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 1.337 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfNO2  = 51.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for NO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfN2O4 = 99.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for N2O4 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "pNO2 = 0.350       #Partial pressure of NO2, bar\n",
-    "pN2O4 = 0.650      #Partial pressure of N2O4, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nNO2, nN2O4 = -2, 1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of NO2 and N2O4 respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nN2O4*dGfN2O4*1e3 + nNO2*dGfNO2*1e3 + R*T0*log(pN2O4/(pNO2)**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.9:pg-141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is -0.020 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 3323.254 \n",
-      "Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCO2  = -394.4   #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCO = 237.1      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2O = 137.2     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCO2, nH2, nCO, nH2O = 1,1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CO2,H2,CO,H2O respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCO2*dGfCO2 + nH2*dGfH2 + nCO*dGfCO + nH2O*dGfH2O\n",
-    "Kp = exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %5.3f '%(Kp)\n",
-    "if Kp > 1: print 'Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.11:pg-144"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Part A\n",
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 211.400 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 242.600 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 4.223e-11, 1.042e-03, and 1.349e-01\n",
-      "Part B\n",
-      "Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 3.249e-05, 1.593e-01, and 8.782e-01\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCl2  = 0.0     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCl = 105.7     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCl2 = 0.0      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCl = 121.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15       #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCl2, nCl= -1,2 #Stoichiomentric coeff of Cl2,Cl respectively in reaction\n",
-    "PbyP0 = 0.01\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCl*dGfCl + nCl2*dGfCl2 \n",
-    "dHR = nCl*dHfCl + nCl2*dHfCl2 \n",
-    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
-    "Kp8 = func(800)\n",
-    "Kp15 = func(1500)\n",
-    "Kp20 = func(2000)\n",
-    "DDiss = lambda K: sqrt(K/(K+4*PbyP0))\n",
-    "alp8 = DDiss(Kp8)\n",
-    "alp15 = DDiss(Kp15)\n",
-    "alp20 = DDiss(Kp20)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Part A'\n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(Kp8,Kp15,Kp20)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'Part B'\n",
-    "print 'Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(alp8,alp15,alp20)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.12:pg-145"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 131.1 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 178.5 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are 0.0956, 0.673e, and 3.423\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCaCO3  = -1128.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCaO = -603.3         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCO2 = -394.4         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCaCO3 = -1206.9      #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCaO = -634.9         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCO2 = -393.5         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15             #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCaCO3, nCaO, nO2 = -1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CaCO3, CaO, O2 respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCaO*dGfCaO + nO2*dGfCO2 + nCaCO3*dGfCaCO3\n",
-    "dHR = nCaO*dHfCaO + nO2*dHfCO2 + nCaCO3*dHfCaCO3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kp10 = func(1000)\n",
-    "Kp11 = func(1100)\n",
-    "Kp12 = func(1200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are %4.4f, %4.3fe, and %4.3f'%(Kp10,Kp11,Kp12)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.13:pg-146"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is 1.51e+04 bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCG  = 0.0            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCD = 2.90            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "rhoG = 2.25e3           #Density of Graphite, kg/m3\n",
-    "rhoD = 3.52e3           #Density of dimond, kg/m3\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15             #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314               #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "P0 = 1.0                #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "M = 12.01               #Molceular wt of Carbon\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "P = P0*1e5 + dGfCD*1e3/((1./rhoG-1./rhoD)*M*1e-3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is %4.2e bar'%(P/1e5)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.14:pg-154"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dUbydV = 1.42e+03 bar\n",
-      "dVbyV = 6.519 percent\n",
-      "dUbydVm = 9e+02 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "beta = 2.04e-4          #Thermal exapansion coefficient, /K\n",
-    "kapa = 45.9e-6          #Isothermal compressibility, /bar\n",
-    "T = 298.15              #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.206e-2            #Ideal gas constant, atm.L/(mol.K) \n",
-    "T1 = 320.0              #Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pi = 1.0                #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "V = 1.00                #Volume, m3\n",
-    "a = 1.35                #van der Waals constant a for nitrogen, atm.L2/mol2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dUbydV = Pf = (beta*T1-kapa*P0)/kapa\n",
-    "dVT = V*kapa*(Pf-Pi)\n",
-    "dVbyV = dVT*100/V\n",
-    "Vm = Pi/(R*T1)\n",
-    "dUbydVm = a/(Vm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'dUbydV = %4.2e bar'%(dUbydV)\n",
-    "print 'dVbyV = %4.3f percent'%(dVbyV)\n",
-    "print 'dUbydVm = %4.0e atm'%(dUbydVm)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.15:pg-155"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Internal energy change is 4.06e+04 J/mol in which \n",
-      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 99.9999 percent\n",
-      "Enthalpy change is 4.185e+04 J/mol in which \n",
-      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 100.0 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp, log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m = 1000.0                #mass of mercury, g\n",
-    "Pi, Ti  = 1.00, 300.0     #Intial pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
-    "Pf, Tf  = 300., 600.0     #Final pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
-    "rho = 13534.              #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
-    "beta = 18.1e-4            #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
-    "kapa = 3.91e-6            #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
-    "Cpm = 27.98               #Molar Specific heat at constant pressure, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "M = 200.59                #Molecular wt of Hg, g/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vi = m*1e-3/rho\n",
-    "Vf = Vi*exp(-kapa*(Pf-Pi))\n",
-    "Ut = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M \n",
-    "Up =  (beta*Ti/kapa-Pi)*1e5*(Vf-Vi) + (Vi-Vf+Vf*log(Vf/Vi))*1e5/kapa\n",
-    "dU = Ut + Up\n",
-    "Ht = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M\n",
-    "Hp = ((1 + beta*(Tf-Ti))*Vi*exp(-kapa*Pi)/kapa)*(exp(-kapa*Pi)-exp(-kapa*Pf))\n",
-    "dH =  Ht + Hp\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Internal energy change is %6.2e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %6.4f percent'%(dU,Ut*100/dH)\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy change is %4.3e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %4.1f percent'%(dH,Ht*100/dH)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.16:pg-156"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Difference in molar specific heats \n",
-      "at constant volume and constant pressure 3.73e-03 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is 27.98 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature of Hg, K \n",
-    "beta = 18.1e-4              #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
-    "kapa = 3.91e-6              #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
-    "M = 0.20059                 #Molecular wt of Hg, kg/mol \n",
-    "rho = 13534                 #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
-    "Cpm = 27.98                 #Experimental Molar specif heat at const pressure for mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vm = M/rho\n",
-    "DCpmCv = T*Vm*beta**2/kapa\n",
-    "Cvm = Cpm - DCpmCv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Difference in molar specific heats \\nat constant volume and constant pressure %4.2e J/(mol.K)'%DCpmCv\n",
-    "print 'Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Cvm"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.17:pg-158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Molar Gibbs energy of Ar -46.154 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Molar Gibbs energy of Water -306.658 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T = 298.15                  #Std. Temperature, K \n",
-    "P = 1.0                     #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Hm0, Sm0 = 0.0,154.8        #Std. molar enthalpy and entropy of Ar(g), kJ, mol, K units\n",
-    "Sm0H2, Sm0O2 = 130.7,205.2  #Std. molar entropy of O2 and H2 (g), kJ/(mol.K)\n",
-    "dGfH2O = -237.1         #Gibbs energy of formation for H2O(l), kJ/mol  \n",
-    "nH2, nO2 = 1, 1./2       #Stoichiomentric coefficients for H2 and O2 in water formation reaction \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Gm0 = Hm0 - T*Sm0\n",
-    "dGmH2O = dGfH2O*1000 - T*(nH2*Sm0H2 + nO2*Sm0O2)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Ar %4.3f kJ/mol'%(Gm0/1e3)\n",
-    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Water %4.3f kJ/mol'%(dGmH2O/1e3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_CaxDA59.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_CaxDA59.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 351d347c..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_CaxDA59.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,243 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 3: Importance of State Functions: Internal Energy and Enthalpy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.2:pg-49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure increase in capillary 100.0 bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "betaOH = 11.2e-4           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of ethanol, °C\n",
-    "betagl = 2.00e-5           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of glass, °C\n",
-    "kOH = 11.0e-5              #Isothermal compressibility of ethanol, /bar\n",
-    "dT = 10.0                  #Increase in Temperature, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "vfbyvi = (1+ betagl*dT)\n",
-    "dP = betaOH*dT/kOH-(1./kOH)*log(vfbyvi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure increase in capillary %4.1f bar'%dP"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.4:pg-53"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +- 6.0 °C\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "cpsubysy = 1000           #Specific heat ration of surrounding and system\n",
-    "Tpreci = 0.006             #Precision in Temperature measurement, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "dtgas = -cpsubysy*(-Tpreci)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +-%4.1f °C'%dtgas"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.6:pg-54"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dUT = 24.4 J: This is wrongly reported in book\n",
-      "dUV = 4174.1 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0           #number of mole of N2, mol     \n",
-    "Ti = 200.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pi = 5.00         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
-    "Tf = 400.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pf = 20.0         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
-    "a = 0.137         #van der Waals constant a, Pa.m3/(mol2)\n",
-    "b = 3.87e-5       #van der Waals constant b, m3/(mol)\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 22.5, -1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, -1.0176e-8\n",
-    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
-    "vi = 3.28e-3      #initial volume, m3/mol\n",
-    "vf = 7.88e-3      #Final volume, m3/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dUT = n**2*a*(1./vi-1./vf)\n",
-    "dUV = integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'dUT = %4.1f J: This is wrongly reported in book'%dUT\n",
-    "print 'dUV = %4.1f J'%dUV"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.7:pg-57"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dH =   46.8 kJ\n",
-      "qp =   30.8 kJ\n",
-      "Error in calculations 34.3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 143.0         #Mass of graphite, g     \n",
-    "Ti = 300.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Tf = 600.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D, E = -12.19,0.1126,-1.947e-4,1.919e-7,-7.8e-11\n",
-    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
-    "M = 12.01\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dH = (m/M)*integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
-    "expr = A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4\n",
-    "cpm = expr.subs(T,300.)\n",
-    "qp = (m/M)*cpm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "err = abs(dH-qp)/dH\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'dH = %6.1f kJ'%(dH/1000)\n",
-    "print 'qp = %6.1f kJ'%(qp/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Error in calculations %4.1f'%(err*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.9:pg-59"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is 39.9 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 124.0         #Mass of liquid methanol, g\n",
-    "Pi = 1.0          #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Ti = 298.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pf = 2.5          #Final Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Tf = 425.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "rho = 0.791       #Density, g/cc\n",
-    "Cpm = 81.1        #Specifi heat, J/(K.mol)\n",
-    "M = 32.04\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = m/M\n",
-    "DH = n*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)+ m*(Pf-Pi)*1e-6/rho\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is %4.1f kJ'%(DH/1000)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cg9aASj.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cg9aASj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 860afddf..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cg9aASj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 08: Phase Diagrams and the Relative Stability of Solids, Liquids, and Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.2:Pg.No-195"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 30.7 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 86.9 J/mol\n",
-      "Triple point temperature = 267.3 K for benzene\n",
-      "Triple point pressure = 3.53e+03 Pa for benzene\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Tn = 353.24       #normal boiling point of Benzene, K\n",
-    "pi = 1.19e4       #Vapor pressure of benzene at 20°C, Pa\n",
-    "DHf = 9.95        #Latent heat of fusion, kJ/mol\n",
-    "pv443 = 137.      #Vapor pressure of benzene at -44.3°C, Pa\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Pf = 101325       #Std. atmospheric pressure, Pa\n",
-    "T20 = 293.15      #Temperature in K\n",
-    "P0 = 1.\n",
-    "Pl = 10000.\n",
-    "Ts = -44.3        #Temperature of solid benzene, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ts = Ts + 273.15\n",
-    "#Part a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DHv = -(R*math.log(Pf/pi))/(1./Tn-1./T20)\n",
-    "#Part b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DSv = DHv/Tn\n",
-    "DHf = DHf*1e3\n",
-    "#Part c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ttp = -DHf/(R*(math.log(Pl/P0)-math.log(pv443/P0)-(DHv+DHf)/(R*Ts)+DHv/(R*T20)))\n",
-    "Ptp = exp(-DHv/R*(1./Ttp-1./Tn))*101325\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %4.1f kJ/mol'%(DHv/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %3.1f J/mol'%DSv\n",
-    "print 'Triple point temperature = %4.1f K for benzene'%Ttp\n",
-    "print 'Triple point pressure = %4.2e Pa for benzene'%Ptp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.3:Pg.No-200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force exerted by one leg 5.428e-05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
-    "r = 1.2e-4        #Radius of hemisphere, m\n",
-    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DP = 2*gama*cos(theta)/r\n",
-    "F = DP*pi*r**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Force exerted by one leg %5.3e N'%F"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.4:Pg.No-200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Height to which water can rise by capillary action is 0.74 m\n",
-      "This is very less than 100.0 n, hence water can not reach top of tree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
-    "r = 2e-5          #Radius of xylem, m\n",
-    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
-    "rho = 997.0       #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
-    "g = 9.81          #gravitational acceleration, m/s2\n",
-    "H = 100           #Height at top of redwood tree, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "h = 2*gama/(rho*g*r*cos(theta))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Height to which water can rise by capillary action is %3.2f m'%h\n",
-    "print 'This is very less than %4.1f n, hence water can not reach top of tree'%H"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cmjo0dZ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cmjo0dZ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6d251294..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cmjo0dZ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,508 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 17: Transport Phenomena"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.1:pg-427"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Diffusion coefficient of Argon 1.1e-05 m2/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from scipy import constants\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "M = 0.040                  #Molecualar wt of Argon, kh/mol\n",
-    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DAr = (1./3)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M))*(R*T/(P*N_A*sqrt(2)*sigm))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Diffusion coefficient of Argon %3.1e m2/s'%DAr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.2:pg-428"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon 0.790\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "DHebyAr = 4.0 \n",
-    "MAr, MHe = 39.9, 4.0       #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "sigHebyAr = (1./DHebyAr)*sqrt(MAr/MHe)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon %4.3f'%sigHebyAr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.3:pg-430"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rms displacement at 1000 and 10000 is  0.141 and 0.447 m respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "D = 1.0e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
-    "t1 = 1000                  #Time, s\n",
-    "t10 = 10000                #Time, s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "xrms1 = sqrt(2*D*t1)\n",
-    "xrms10 = sqrt(2*D*t10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'rms displacement at %4d and %4d is  %4.3f and %4.3f m respectively'%(t1,t10,xrms1,xrms10)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.4:pg-432"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time per random walk is 2.045e-11 s or 20.45 ps\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "D = 2.2e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient of benzene, cm2/s \n",
-    "x0 = 0.3                   #molecular diameter of benzene, nm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "t = (x0*1e-9)**2/(2*D*1e-4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Time per random walk is %4.3e s or %4.2f ps'%(t,t/1e-12)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.5:pg-434"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mean free path 2.627e-07 m and collisional cross section 1.10e-19 m2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
-    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23        #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 39.9                   #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "CvmbyNA = 3.*k/2\n",
-    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
-    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
-    "labda = 3*kt/(CvmbyNA*nuavg*N)\n",
-    "sigm = 1/(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Mean free path %4.3e m and collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(labda, sigm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.6:pg-437"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collisional cross section 2.74e-19 m2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "eta = 227.                  #Viscosity of Ar, muP\n",
-    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
-    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 39.9                    #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
-    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
-    "m = M*1e-3/NA\n",
-    "labda = 3.*eta*1e-7/(nuavg*N*m)          #viscosity in kg m s units\n",
-    "sigm = 1./(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(sigm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.7:pg-439"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Flow rate is 2.762e-06 m3/s\n",
-      "Cylinder can be used for 4.381e+06 s nearly 50.7 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "m = 22.7                    #Mass of CO2, kg\n",
-    "T = 293.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "L = 1.0                     #length of the tube, m\n",
-    "d = 0.75                    #Diameter of the tube, mm\n",
-    "eta = 146                   #Viscosity of CO2, muP\n",
-    "p1 = 1.05                   #Inlet pressure, atm\n",
-    "p2 = 1.00                   #Outlet pressure, atm\n",
-    "atm2pa = 101325             #Conversion for pressure from atm to Pa \n",
-    "M = 0.044                   #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  J mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "p1 = p1*atm2pa\n",
-    "p2 = p2*atm2pa\n",
-    "F = pi*(d*1e-3/2)**4*(p1**2-p2**2)/(16.*eta/1.e7*L*p2)\n",
-    "nCO2 = m/M\n",
-    "v = nCO2*R*T/((p1+p2)/2)\n",
-    "t = v/F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Flow rate is %4.3e m3/s'%(F)\n",
-    "print 'Cylinder can be used for %4.3e s nearly %3.1f days'%(t, t/(24*3600))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.8:pg-441"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of protein is 3.550 nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "eta = 0.891                 #Viscosity of hemoglobin in water, cP\n",
-    "T = 298.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "D = 6.9e-11                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "r = k*T/(6*pi*eta*1e-3*D)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Radius of protein is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.9:pg-442"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of Lysozyme particle is 1.937 nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "s = 1.91e-13                #Sedimentation constant, s\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 14100.0                 #Molecualr wt of lysozyme, g/mol\n",
-    "rho = 0.998                 #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
-    "eta = 1.002                 #Viscosity lysozyme in water, cP\n",
-    "T = 293.15                  #Temperature, K\n",
-    "vbar = 0.703                #Specific volume of cm3/g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "m = M/NA\n",
-    "f = m*(1.-vbar*rho)/s\n",
-    "r = f/(6*pi*eta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Radius of Lysozyme particle is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.10:pg-443"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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f8PVXaamKiohkNnUsMVq6FIYMga98BWbOhCOOiDuRiEjTqWOJQV0d3HcfnHYa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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9adf8d0>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope is 3.78e-04 1/min or 6.299e-06 1/s \n",
-      "Sedimentation factor is 1.899e-13 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t = array([0.0,30.0,60.0,90.0,120.0,150.0])       #Time, min\n",
-    "xb = array([6.00,6.07,6.14,6.21,6.28,6.35])       #Location of boundary layer, cm\n",
-    "rpm = 55000.                                      #RPM of centrifuge \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nx = xb/xb[0]\n",
-    "lnx = log(nx)\n",
-    "A = array([ t, ones(size(t))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,lnx)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
-    "# plotting the line\n",
-    "line = slope*t+intercept # regression line\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "plot(t,line,'-',t,lnx,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ Time, min $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ \\log(x_b/x_{b0}) $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "sbar = (slope/60)/(rpm*2*pi/60)**2\n",
-    "print 'Slope is %6.2e 1/min or %4.3e 1/s '%(slope, slope/60)\n",
-    "print 'Sedimentation factor is %4.3e s'%(sbar)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.11:pg-449"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is 0.0258 S.m2/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "LMg = 0.0106                #Ionic conductance for Mg, S.m2/mol\n",
-    "LCl = 0.0076                #Ionic conductance for Cl, S.m2/mol\n",
-    "nMg, nCl = 1, 2             #Coefficients of Mg and Cl  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "LMgCl2 = nMg*LMg + nCl*LCl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is %5.4f S.m2/mol'%(LMgCl2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cyc7Mmj.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cyc7Mmj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b5ef632..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cyc7Mmj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10: Electrolyte Solutions"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.2:Pg-252"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is 0.050 and for Na2SO4 solution is 0.150, mol/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "M = 0.050       #Molarity for NaCl and Na2SO4 solution, mol/kg\n",
-    "npa, zpa = 1, 1\n",
-    "nma, zma = 1, 1\n",
-    "npb, zpb = 2, 1\n",
-    "nmb, zmb = 1, 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ia = M*(npa*zpa**2 + nma*zma**2)/2\n",
-    "Ib = M*(npb*zpb**2 + nmb*zmb**2)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is %4.3f and for Na2SO4 solution is %4.3f, mol/kg'%(Ia,Ib)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_D3h4rOH.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_D3h4rOH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cfc07351..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_D3h4rOH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,287 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 16: Kinetic Theory of Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.1:pg-407"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are  498,  244 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
-    "MNe = 0.020       #Molecular wt of Ne, kg/mol\n",
-    "MKr = 0.083       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "vmpNe = sqrt(2*R*T/MNe)\n",
-    "vmpKr = sqrt(2*R*T/MKr)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmpNe,vmpKr)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.2:pg-411"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\n",
-      "at 298 K are  352,  397,  431 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "vmp = sqrt(2*R*T/M)\n",
-    "vave = sqrt(8*R*T/(M*pi))\n",
-    "vrms = sqrt(3*R*T/M)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\\nat 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmp,vave,vrms)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.4, Page Numbe 413"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Number of Collisions 2.45e+27  per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "P = 101325        #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Zc = P*NA/sqrt(2*pi*R*T*M)\n",
-    "Nc = Zc*V \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Number of Collisions %4.2e  per s'%(Nc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.5:pg-414"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is 9.996e-03 Pa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi,exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "P0 = 1013.25      #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "t = 3600          #time of effusion, s\n",
-    "A = 0.01          #Area, um2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "A = A*1e-12\n",
-    "V = V*1e-3\n",
-    "expo = (A*t/V)*(k*T/(2*pi*M/NA))\n",
-    "P = P0*exp(-expo)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is %4.3e Pa'%(P/101325)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.6:pg-417"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Single particle collisional frequency is 6.9e+09 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.044         #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
-    "P  = 101325       #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "sigm = 5.2e-19    #m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "zCO2 = (P*NA/(R*T))*sigm*sqrt(2)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M)) \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Single particle collisional frequency is %4.1e per s'%(zCO2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.7:pg-417"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collisional frequency is 3.14e+34 m-3s-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "MAr = 0.04        #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "MKr = 0.084       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "pAr  = 360        #Partial Pressure Ar, torr\n",
-    "pKr  = 400        #Partial Pressure Kr, torr\n",
-    "rAr = 0.17e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Ar, m\n",
-    "rKr = 0.20e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Kr, m\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "pAr = pAr*101325/760\n",
-    "pKr = pKr*101325/760\n",
-    "p1 = pAr*NA/(R*T)\n",
-    "p2 = pKr*NA/(R*T)\n",
-    "sigm = pi*(rAr+rKr)**2\n",
-    "mu = MAr*MKr/((MAr+MKr)*NA)\n",
-    "p3 = sqrt(8*k*T/(pi*mu)) \n",
-    "zArKr = p1*p2*sigm*p3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Collisional frequency is %4.2e m-3s-1'%(zArKr)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_DX44zmR.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_DX44zmR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7d42ed97..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_DX44zmR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 04: Thermochemistry"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.1:pg-72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds 927.0 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds 461.0 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "DH0_H2O = 241.8          #Std Enthalpy of reaxtion of Water Fomation backward rxn, kJ/mol\n",
-    "DH0_2H = 2*218.0         #Std Enthalpy of formation of Hydrogen atom, kJ/mol\n",
-    "DH0_O = 249.2            #Std Enthalpy of formation of Oxygen atom, kJ/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314                #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Dn = 2.0\n",
-    "T = 298.15               #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DH0_2HO = DH0_H2O + DH0_2H + DH0_O\n",
-    "DU0 = (DH0_2HO - Dn*R*T*1e-3)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DH0_2HO\n",
-    "print 'Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DU0"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.2:pg-74"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat of reaction for HCl formation is -95.1 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "a = ([29.064, 31.695, 28.165])             #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "b = ([-0.8363e-3, 10.143e-3, 1.809e-3])    #Constant 'b' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "c = ([20.111e-7, -40.373e-7, 15.464e-7])   #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "delHf0HCl = -92.3                          #Std. Heat of formation of HCl, kJ/mol\n",
-    "T1, T2 = 298.15, 1450                      #Std and final temperature, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "DA = a[2]-(a[0]+a[1])/2\n",
-    "DB = b[2]-(b[0]+b[1])/2\n",
-    "DC = c[2]-(c[0]+c[1])/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "expr = integrate( DA + DB*T + DC*T**2, (T,T1,T2))\n",
-    "DHR1450= expr/1000 + delHf0HCl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat of reaction for HCl formation is %4.1f kJ/mol'%DHR1450"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.3:pg-75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Calorimeter constant 7.59e+03 J/°C\n",
-      "Enthalpy of rection for benzene -3.26e+06 J/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ms1 = 0.972          #Mass of cyclohexane, g\n",
-    "DT1 = 2.98           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
-    "DUR1 = -3913e3       #Std Internal energy change, J/mol\n",
-    "mw = 1.812e3         #Mass of water, g\n",
-    "ms2 = 0.857          #Mass of benzene, g\n",
-    "Ms1 = 84.16\n",
-    "Ms2 = 78.12\n",
-    "DT2 = 2.36           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02\n",
-    "Cpw = 75.3 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ccal = ((-ms1/Ms1)*DUR1-(mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT1)/DT1\n",
-    "DUR2 = (-Ms2/ms2)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT2+Ccal*DT2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Calorimeter constant %4.2e J/°C'%Ccal\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of rection for benzene %4.2e J/mol'%DUR2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.4:pg-77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 -2.81e+03 J/mol\n",
-      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data -2.40e+00 J/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ms = 1.423           #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
-    "mw = 100.34          #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
-    "DT = 0.037           #Change in temperature for solution, K\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02           #Molecular wt of Water\n",
-    "Ms = 142.04          #Molecular wt of ms Na2SO4\n",
-    "Ccal = 342.5         #Calorimeter constant, J/K\n",
-    "#Data\n",
-    "DHfNa = -240.1\n",
-    "DHfSO4 = -909.3\n",
-    "DHfNa2SO4 = -1387.1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DHs = (-Ms/ms)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT+Ccal*DT)\n",
-    "DHsolD = 2*DHfNa + DHfSO4 - DHfNa2SO4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 %4.2e J/mol'%DHs\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data %4.2e J/mol'%DHsolD"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_EDdenY2.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_EDdenY2.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bb478dec..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_EDdenY2.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 07: Properties of Real Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.3:pg-175"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(V-Videal) -6.49 L\n",
-      "Percentage error -58.73\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 1.0           #Mass of Methane, kg\n",
-    "T = 230           #Temeprature of Methane, K\n",
-    "P = 68.0          #Pressure, bar \n",
-    "Tc = 190.56       #Critical Temeprature of Methane\n",
-    "Pc = 45.99        #Critical Pressure of Methane\n",
-    "R = 0.08314       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "M = 16.04         #Molecular wt of Methane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "Tr = T/Tc\n",
-    "Pr = P/Pc\n",
-    "z = 0.63          #Methane compressibility factor\n",
-    "n = m*1e3/M\n",
-    "V = z*n*R*T/P\n",
-    "Vig = n*R*T/P\n",
-    "DV = (V - Vig)/V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print '(V-Videal) %4.2f L'%(V-Vig)\n",
-    "print 'Percentage error %5.2f'%(DV*100)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Gn8Ls8Q.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Gn8Ls8Q.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bfc29594..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Gn8Ls8Q.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15: Statistical Thermodyanamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.2:pg-374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For Internal energy to be 1000.0 J temperature will be 449.0 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "U = 1.00e3            #Total internal energy, J\n",
-    "hnu = 1.00e-20        #Energy level separation, J\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "n = 1                 #Number of moles, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = hnu/(k*log(n*NA*hnu/U-1.))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Internal energy to be %4.1f J temperature will be %4.1f K'%(U,T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.3:pg-378"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy of excited state is 1.57e-19 J\n",
-      "Electronic partition function qE is 3.000e+00\n",
-      "Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is 3.921e-06 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "g0 = 3.0              #Ground State partition function\n",
-    "labda = 1263e-9       #Wave length in nm\n",
-    "T = 500.              #Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e8            #Speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of moles, mol\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "beta = 1./(k*T)\n",
-    "eps = h*c/labda\n",
-    "qE = g0 + exp(-beta*eps)\n",
-    "UE = n*NA*eps*exp(-beta*eps)/qE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Energy of excited state is %4.2e J'%eps\n",
-    "print 'Electronic partition function qE is %4.3e'%qE\n",
-    "print 'Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is %4.3e J'%UE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.5:pg-387"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 2.25e-11 m3\n",
-      "Std. Molar entropy for Ne is 145.46 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Kr is 1.11e-11 m3\n",
-      "Std. Molar entropy for Kr is 163.18 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Mne = 0.0201797       #Molecular wt of ne, kg/mol     \n",
-    "Mkr = 0.0837980       #Molecular wt of kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "Vmne = 0.0224         #Std. state molar volume of ne, m3\n",
-    "Vmkr = 0.0223         #Std. state molar volume of kr, m3\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298               #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
-    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "mne = Mne/NA\n",
-    "mkr = Mkr/NA\n",
-    "Labdane = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mne*k*T))\n",
-    "Labdakr = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mkr*k*T))\n",
-    "Sne = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmne/Labdane**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
-    "Skr = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmkr/Labdakr**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labdane\n",
-    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Ne is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Sne\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Kr is %4.2e m3'%Labdakr\n",
-    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Kr is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Skr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.8:pg-392"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 4.09e-33 m3\n",
-      "The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is -39.97 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "M = 0.040             #Moleculat wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298.15            #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
-    "P = 1e5               #Std. state pressure, Pa\n",
-    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "m = M/NA\n",
-    "Labda3 = (h**2/(2*pi*m*k*T))**(3./2)\n",
-    "G0 = -n*R*T*log(k*T/(P*Labda3))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labda3\n",
-    "print 'The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is %6.2f kJ'%(G0/1000)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_H2F1LxB.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_H2F1LxB.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b5ef632..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_H2F1LxB.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10: Electrolyte Solutions"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.2:Pg-252"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is 0.050 and for Na2SO4 solution is 0.150, mol/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "M = 0.050       #Molarity for NaCl and Na2SO4 solution, mol/kg\n",
-    "npa, zpa = 1, 1\n",
-    "nma, zma = 1, 1\n",
-    "npb, zpb = 2, 1\n",
-    "nmb, zmb = 1, 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ia = M*(npa*zpa**2 + nma*zma**2)/2\n",
-    "Ib = M*(npb*zpb**2 + nmb*zmb**2)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is %4.3f and for Na2SO4 solution is %4.3f, mol/kg'%(Ia,Ib)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_HQ89OkI.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_HQ89OkI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 860afddf..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_HQ89OkI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 08: Phase Diagrams and the Relative Stability of Solids, Liquids, and Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.2:Pg.No-195"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 30.7 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 86.9 J/mol\n",
-      "Triple point temperature = 267.3 K for benzene\n",
-      "Triple point pressure = 3.53e+03 Pa for benzene\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Tn = 353.24       #normal boiling point of Benzene, K\n",
-    "pi = 1.19e4       #Vapor pressure of benzene at 20°C, Pa\n",
-    "DHf = 9.95        #Latent heat of fusion, kJ/mol\n",
-    "pv443 = 137.      #Vapor pressure of benzene at -44.3°C, Pa\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Pf = 101325       #Std. atmospheric pressure, Pa\n",
-    "T20 = 293.15      #Temperature in K\n",
-    "P0 = 1.\n",
-    "Pl = 10000.\n",
-    "Ts = -44.3        #Temperature of solid benzene, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ts = Ts + 273.15\n",
-    "#Part a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DHv = -(R*math.log(Pf/pi))/(1./Tn-1./T20)\n",
-    "#Part b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DSv = DHv/Tn\n",
-    "DHf = DHf*1e3\n",
-    "#Part c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ttp = -DHf/(R*(math.log(Pl/P0)-math.log(pv443/P0)-(DHv+DHf)/(R*Ts)+DHv/(R*T20)))\n",
-    "Ptp = exp(-DHv/R*(1./Ttp-1./Tn))*101325\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %4.1f kJ/mol'%(DHv/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %3.1f J/mol'%DSv\n",
-    "print 'Triple point temperature = %4.1f K for benzene'%Ttp\n",
-    "print 'Triple point pressure = %4.2e Pa for benzene'%Ptp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.3:Pg.No-200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force exerted by one leg 5.428e-05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
-    "r = 1.2e-4        #Radius of hemisphere, m\n",
-    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DP = 2*gama*cos(theta)/r\n",
-    "F = DP*pi*r**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Force exerted by one leg %5.3e N'%F"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.4:Pg.No-200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Height to which water can rise by capillary action is 0.74 m\n",
-      "This is very less than 100.0 n, hence water can not reach top of tree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
-    "r = 2e-5          #Radius of xylem, m\n",
-    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
-    "rho = 997.0       #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
-    "g = 9.81          #gravitational acceleration, m/s2\n",
-    "H = 100           #Height at top of redwood tree, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "h = 2*gama/(rho*g*r*cos(theta))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Height to which water can rise by capillary action is %3.2f m'%h\n",
-    "print 'This is very less than %4.1f n, hence water can not reach top of tree'%H"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Hl9us6l.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Hl9us6l.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 351d347c..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Hl9us6l.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,243 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 3: Importance of State Functions: Internal Energy and Enthalpy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.2:pg-49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure increase in capillary 100.0 bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "betaOH = 11.2e-4           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of ethanol, °C\n",
-    "betagl = 2.00e-5           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of glass, °C\n",
-    "kOH = 11.0e-5              #Isothermal compressibility of ethanol, /bar\n",
-    "dT = 10.0                  #Increase in Temperature, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "vfbyvi = (1+ betagl*dT)\n",
-    "dP = betaOH*dT/kOH-(1./kOH)*log(vfbyvi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure increase in capillary %4.1f bar'%dP"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.4:pg-53"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +- 6.0 °C\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "cpsubysy = 1000           #Specific heat ration of surrounding and system\n",
-    "Tpreci = 0.006             #Precision in Temperature measurement, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "dtgas = -cpsubysy*(-Tpreci)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +-%4.1f °C'%dtgas"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.6:pg-54"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dUT = 24.4 J: This is wrongly reported in book\n",
-      "dUV = 4174.1 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0           #number of mole of N2, mol     \n",
-    "Ti = 200.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pi = 5.00         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
-    "Tf = 400.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pf = 20.0         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
-    "a = 0.137         #van der Waals constant a, Pa.m3/(mol2)\n",
-    "b = 3.87e-5       #van der Waals constant b, m3/(mol)\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 22.5, -1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, -1.0176e-8\n",
-    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
-    "vi = 3.28e-3      #initial volume, m3/mol\n",
-    "vf = 7.88e-3      #Final volume, m3/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dUT = n**2*a*(1./vi-1./vf)\n",
-    "dUV = integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'dUT = %4.1f J: This is wrongly reported in book'%dUT\n",
-    "print 'dUV = %4.1f J'%dUV"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.7:pg-57"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dH =   46.8 kJ\n",
-      "qp =   30.8 kJ\n",
-      "Error in calculations 34.3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 143.0         #Mass of graphite, g     \n",
-    "Ti = 300.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Tf = 600.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D, E = -12.19,0.1126,-1.947e-4,1.919e-7,-7.8e-11\n",
-    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
-    "M = 12.01\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dH = (m/M)*integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
-    "expr = A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4\n",
-    "cpm = expr.subs(T,300.)\n",
-    "qp = (m/M)*cpm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "err = abs(dH-qp)/dH\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'dH = %6.1f kJ'%(dH/1000)\n",
-    "print 'qp = %6.1f kJ'%(qp/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Error in calculations %4.1f'%(err*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.9:pg-59"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is 39.9 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 124.0         #Mass of liquid methanol, g\n",
-    "Pi = 1.0          #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Ti = 298.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pf = 2.5          #Final Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Tf = 425.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "rho = 0.791       #Density, g/cc\n",
-    "Cpm = 81.1        #Specifi heat, J/(K.mol)\n",
-    "M = 32.04\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = m/M\n",
-    "DH = n*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)+ m*(Pf-Pi)*1e-6/rho\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is %4.1f kJ'%(DH/1000)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_JaqgDu7.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_JaqgDu7.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 81a699eb..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_JaqgDu7.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,356 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 19: Complex Reaction Mechanism "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.1:pg-511"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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2eS/pVklLJU0vaNtO0lhJcyQ9Kmnbgq9dLmmupNmS+ha095I0XdILkkYWtLeT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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9aa4048>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Km and k2 are 10.0 mM and 1.1e+05 s-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Ce = 2.3e-9        #Initial value of enzyme concentration, M\n",
-    "r = array([2.78e-5,5.e-5,8.33e-5,1.67e-4])\n",
-    "CCO2 = array([1.25e-3,2.5e-3,5.e-3,20.e-3])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "rinv = 1./r\n",
-    "CCO2inv = 1./CCO2\n",
-    "xlim(0,850)\n",
-    "ylim(0,38000)\n",
-    "xi = CCO2inv\n",
-    "A = array([ CCO2inv, ones(size(CCO2inv))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,rinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "slope = w[0]\n",
-    "intercept = w[1]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "line = w[0]*CCO2inv+w[1] # regression line\n",
-    "plot(CCO2inv,line,'r-',CCO2inv,rinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ {C_{CO}}_2, mM^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ Rate^{-1}, s/M^{-1} $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "rmax = 1./intercept\n",
-    "k2 = rmax/Ce\n",
-    "Km = slope*rmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Km and k2 are %4.1f mM and %3.1e s-1'%(Km*1e3,k2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.2:pg-517"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9acd4a8>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are 0.3449 torr.g/cm3 and 0.0293 g/cm3\n",
-      "K and Vm are 8.48e-02 Torr^-1 and 34.2 cm3/g\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vads = array([5.98,7.76,10.1,12.35,16.45,18.05,19.72,21.1])   #Adsorption data at 193.5K\n",
-    "P = array([2.45,3.5,5.2,7.2,11.2,12.8,14.6,16.1])             #Pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vinv = 1./Vads\n",
-    "Pinv =1./P\n",
-    "xlim(0,0.5)\n",
-    "ylim(0,0.2)\n",
-    "A = array([ Pinv, ones(size(Pinv))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Vinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "m = w[0]\n",
-    "c = w[1]\n",
-    "line = m*Pinv+c # regression line\n",
-    "plot(Pinv,line,'r-',Pinv,Vinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ 1/P, Torr^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ 1/V_{abs}, cm^{-1}g $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "Vm = 1./c\n",
-    "K = 1./(m*Vm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are %5.4f torr.g/cm3 and %5.4f g/cm3'%(m,c)\n",
-    "print 'K and Vm are %4.2e Torr^-1 and %3.1f cm3/g'%(K,Vm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.4:pg-533"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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qmUlEklQzk4gkqWYmEUlSzf4/9Fa7EFJttIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa641f28>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are kq = 3.1995e+09 per s and kf = 2.1545e+06 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "CBr = array([0.0005,0.001,0.002,0.003,0.005])                    #C6Br6 concentration, M\n",
-    "tf = array([2.66e-7,1.87e-7,1.17e-7,8.50e-8,5.51e-8])            #Fluroscence life time, s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Tfinv = 1./tf\n",
-    "xlim(0,0.006)\n",
-    "ylim(0,2.e7)\n",
-    "A = array([ CBr, ones(size(CBr))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[m,c] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Tfinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "\n",
-    "line = m*CBr+c # regression line\n",
-    "plot(CBr,line,'r-',CBr,Tfinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ Br_6C_6, M $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ tau_f $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are kq = %5.4e per s and kf = %5.4e per s'%(m,c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.5:pg-536"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation Distance at decreased efficiency 11.53\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from scipy.optimize import root\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "r = 11.          #Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
-    "r0 = 9.          #Initial Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
-    "EffD = 0.2      #Fraction decrease in eff\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Effi = r0**6/(r0**6+r**6)\n",
-    "Eff = Effi*(1-EffD)\n",
-    "f = lambda r: r0**6/(r0**6+r**6) - Eff\n",
-    "sol = root(f, 12)\n",
-    "rn = sol.x[0]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Separation Distance at decreased efficiency %4.2f'%rn"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.6:pg-538"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total photon energy absorbed by sample 2.7e+03 J\n",
-      "Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is 7.1e-19 J\n",
-      "Total number of photon absorbed by sample 3.8e+21 photones\n",
-      "Overall quantum yield 0.40\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "mr = 2.5e-3        #Moles reacted, mol\n",
-    "P = 100.0          #Irradiation Power, J/s\n",
-    "t = 27             #Time of irradiation, s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, Js\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #Speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "labda = 280e-9     #Wavelength of light, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Eabs = P*t\n",
-    "Eph = h*c/labda\n",
-    "nph = Eabs/Eph     #moles of photone\n",
-    "phi = mr/6.31e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total photon energy absorbed by sample %3.1e J'%Eabs\n",
-    "print 'Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is %3.1e J'%Eph\n",
-    "print 'Total number of photon absorbed by sample %3.1e photones'%nph\n",
-    "print 'Overall quantum yield %4.2f'%phi"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.7:pg-542"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "DGS = 0.111 eV\n",
-      "Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer 2.66e+07 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "r = 2.0e9          #Rate constant for electron transfer, per s\n",
-    "labda = 1.2        #Gibss energy change, eV\n",
-    "DG = -1.93         #Gibss energy change for 2-naphthoquinoyl, eV\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DGS = (DG+labda)**2/(4*labda)\n",
-    "k193 = r*exp(-DGS*1.6e-19/(k*T))\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'DGS = %5.3f eV'%DGS\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer %3.2e per s'%k193"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_KWcC9YQ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_KWcC9YQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bfc29594..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_KWcC9YQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 15: Statistical Thermodyanamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.2:pg-374"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For Internal energy to be 1000.0 J temperature will be 449.0 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "U = 1.00e3            #Total internal energy, J\n",
-    "hnu = 1.00e-20        #Energy level separation, J\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "n = 1                 #Number of moles, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = hnu/(k*log(n*NA*hnu/U-1.))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Internal energy to be %4.1f J temperature will be %4.1f K'%(U,T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.3:pg-378"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Energy of excited state is 1.57e-19 J\n",
-      "Electronic partition function qE is 3.000e+00\n",
-      "Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is 3.921e-06 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "g0 = 3.0              #Ground State partition function\n",
-    "labda = 1263e-9       #Wave length in nm\n",
-    "T = 500.              #Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e8            #Speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of moles, mol\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "beta = 1./(k*T)\n",
-    "eps = h*c/labda\n",
-    "qE = g0 + exp(-beta*eps)\n",
-    "UE = n*NA*eps*exp(-beta*eps)/qE\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Energy of excited state is %4.2e J'%eps\n",
-    "print 'Electronic partition function qE is %4.3e'%qE\n",
-    "print 'Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is %4.3e J'%UE"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.5:pg-387"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 2.25e-11 m3\n",
-      "Std. Molar entropy for Ne is 145.46 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Kr is 1.11e-11 m3\n",
-      "Std. Molar entropy for Kr is 163.18 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Mne = 0.0201797       #Molecular wt of ne, kg/mol     \n",
-    "Mkr = 0.0837980       #Molecular wt of kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "Vmne = 0.0224         #Std. state molar volume of ne, m3\n",
-    "Vmkr = 0.0223         #Std. state molar volume of kr, m3\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298               #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
-    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "mne = Mne/NA\n",
-    "mkr = Mkr/NA\n",
-    "Labdane = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mne*k*T))\n",
-    "Labdakr = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mkr*k*T))\n",
-    "Sne = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmne/Labdane**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
-    "Skr = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmkr/Labdakr**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labdane\n",
-    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Ne is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Sne\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Kr is %4.2e m3'%Labdakr\n",
-    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Kr is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Skr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex15.8:pg-392"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 4.09e-33 m3\n",
-      "The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is -39.97 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "M = 0.040             #Moleculat wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298.15            #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
-    "P = 1e5               #Std. state pressure, Pa\n",
-    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "m = M/NA\n",
-    "Labda3 = (h**2/(2*pi*m*k*T))**(3./2)\n",
-    "G0 = -n*R*T*log(k*T/(P*Labda3))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labda3\n",
-    "print 'The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is %6.2f kJ'%(G0/1000)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_L0LVinK.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_L0LVinK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1fc19029..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_L0LVinK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1. Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.1:pg-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Final Tyre pressure is 3.61e+05 Pa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "Pi = 3.21e5             #Recommended tyre pressure, Pa\n",
-    "Ti = -5.00              #Initial Tyre temperature, °C\n",
-    "Tf = 28.00              #Final Tyre temperature, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ti = 273.16 + Ti\n",
-    "Tf = 273.16 + Tf\n",
-    "pf = Pi*Tf/Ti           #Final tyre pressure, Pa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Final Tyre pressure is %6.2e Pa'%pf"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.2:pg-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Moles of He=0.121, Ne=0.303 and, Xe=0.040 in mol\n",
-      "Mole fraction of xHe=0.261, xNe=0.652 and, xXe=0.087\n",
-      "Final pressure is 1.917 bar\n",
-      "Partial pressure of pHe=0.500, pNe=1.250 and, pXe=0.167 in bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "phe = 1.5          #Pressure in Helium chamber, bar\n",
-    "vhe = 2.0          #Volume of Helium chamber, L\n",
-    "pne = 2.5          #Pressure in Neon chamber, bar\n",
-    "vne = 3.0          #Volume of Neon chamber, L\n",
-    "pxe = 1.0          #Pressure in Xenon chamber, bar\n",
-    "vxe = 1.0          #Volume of Xenon chamber, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "nhe = phe*vhe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Helium, mol\n",
-    "nne = pne*vne/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Neon, mol\n",
-    "nxe = pxe*vxe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Xenon, mol\n",
-    "n = nhe + nne + nxe            #Total number of moles, mol\n",
-    "V = vhe + vne + vxe            #Total volume of system, L\n",
-    "xhe = nhe/n\n",
-    "xne = nne/n\n",
-    "xxe = nxe/n\n",
-    "P = n*R*T/(V)\n",
-    "phe = P*xhe              #Partial pressure of Helium, bar\n",
-    "pne = P*xne              #Partial pressure of Neon, bar\n",
-    "pxe = P*xxe              #Partial pressure of Xenon, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Moles of He=%4.3f, Ne=%4.3f and, Xe=%4.3f in mol'%(nhe,nne,nxe) \n",
-    "print 'Mole fraction of xHe=%4.3f, xNe=%4.3f and, xXe=%4.3f'%(xhe,xne,xxe)\n",
-    "print 'Final pressure is %4.3f bar'%P\n",
-    "print 'Partial pressure of pHe=%4.3f, pNe=%4.3f and, pXe=%4.3f in bar'%(phe,pne,pxe)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.4:pg-12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 9.98e-02 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 9.98e-02 bar \n",
-      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 249.4 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 269.9 bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math \n",
-    "T = 300.0               #Nitrogen temperature, K\n",
-    "v1 = 250.00             #Molar volume, L\n",
-    "v2 = 0.1                #Molar volume, L\n",
-    "a = 1.37                #Van der Waals parameter a, bar.dm6/mol2 \n",
-    "b = 0.0387              #Van der Waals parameter b, dm3/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2            #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1 = n*R*T/v1           \n",
-    "p2 = n*R*T/v2\n",
-    "pv1 = n*R*T/(v1-n*b)- n**2*a/v1**2\n",
-    "pv2 = n*R*T/(v2-n*b)- n**2*a/v2**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.2e bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.2e bar '%(p1, pv1)\n",
-    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.1f bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.1f bar '%(p2, pv2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Lf8vdtw.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Lf8vdtw.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7d42ed97..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Lf8vdtw.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 04: Thermochemistry"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.1:pg-72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds 927.0 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds 461.0 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "DH0_H2O = 241.8          #Std Enthalpy of reaxtion of Water Fomation backward rxn, kJ/mol\n",
-    "DH0_2H = 2*218.0         #Std Enthalpy of formation of Hydrogen atom, kJ/mol\n",
-    "DH0_O = 249.2            #Std Enthalpy of formation of Oxygen atom, kJ/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314                #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Dn = 2.0\n",
-    "T = 298.15               #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DH0_2HO = DH0_H2O + DH0_2H + DH0_O\n",
-    "DU0 = (DH0_2HO - Dn*R*T*1e-3)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DH0_2HO\n",
-    "print 'Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DU0"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.2:pg-74"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat of reaction for HCl formation is -95.1 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "a = ([29.064, 31.695, 28.165])             #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "b = ([-0.8363e-3, 10.143e-3, 1.809e-3])    #Constant 'b' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "c = ([20.111e-7, -40.373e-7, 15.464e-7])   #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "delHf0HCl = -92.3                          #Std. Heat of formation of HCl, kJ/mol\n",
-    "T1, T2 = 298.15, 1450                      #Std and final temperature, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "DA = a[2]-(a[0]+a[1])/2\n",
-    "DB = b[2]-(b[0]+b[1])/2\n",
-    "DC = c[2]-(c[0]+c[1])/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "expr = integrate( DA + DB*T + DC*T**2, (T,T1,T2))\n",
-    "DHR1450= expr/1000 + delHf0HCl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat of reaction for HCl formation is %4.1f kJ/mol'%DHR1450"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.3:pg-75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Calorimeter constant 7.59e+03 J/°C\n",
-      "Enthalpy of rection for benzene -3.26e+06 J/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ms1 = 0.972          #Mass of cyclohexane, g\n",
-    "DT1 = 2.98           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
-    "DUR1 = -3913e3       #Std Internal energy change, J/mol\n",
-    "mw = 1.812e3         #Mass of water, g\n",
-    "ms2 = 0.857          #Mass of benzene, g\n",
-    "Ms1 = 84.16\n",
-    "Ms2 = 78.12\n",
-    "DT2 = 2.36           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02\n",
-    "Cpw = 75.3 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ccal = ((-ms1/Ms1)*DUR1-(mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT1)/DT1\n",
-    "DUR2 = (-Ms2/ms2)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT2+Ccal*DT2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Calorimeter constant %4.2e J/°C'%Ccal\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of rection for benzene %4.2e J/mol'%DUR2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.4:pg-77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 -2.81e+03 J/mol\n",
-      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data -2.40e+00 J/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ms = 1.423           #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
-    "mw = 100.34          #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
-    "DT = 0.037           #Change in temperature for solution, K\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02           #Molecular wt of Water\n",
-    "Ms = 142.04          #Molecular wt of ms Na2SO4\n",
-    "Ccal = 342.5         #Calorimeter constant, J/K\n",
-    "#Data\n",
-    "DHfNa = -240.1\n",
-    "DHfSO4 = -909.3\n",
-    "DHfNa2SO4 = -1387.1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DHs = (-Ms/ms)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT+Ccal*DT)\n",
-    "DHsolD = 2*DHfNa + DHfSO4 - DHfNa2SO4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 %4.2e J/mol'%DHs\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data %4.2e J/mol'%DHsolD"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MPQmYM0.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MPQmYM0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6d251294..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MPQmYM0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,508 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 17: Transport Phenomena"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.1:pg-427"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Diffusion coefficient of Argon 1.1e-05 m2/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from scipy import constants\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "M = 0.040                  #Molecualar wt of Argon, kh/mol\n",
-    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DAr = (1./3)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M))*(R*T/(P*N_A*sqrt(2)*sigm))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Diffusion coefficient of Argon %3.1e m2/s'%DAr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.2:pg-428"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon 0.790\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "DHebyAr = 4.0 \n",
-    "MAr, MHe = 39.9, 4.0       #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "sigHebyAr = (1./DHebyAr)*sqrt(MAr/MHe)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon %4.3f'%sigHebyAr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.3:pg-430"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rms displacement at 1000 and 10000 is  0.141 and 0.447 m respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "D = 1.0e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
-    "t1 = 1000                  #Time, s\n",
-    "t10 = 10000                #Time, s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "xrms1 = sqrt(2*D*t1)\n",
-    "xrms10 = sqrt(2*D*t10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'rms displacement at %4d and %4d is  %4.3f and %4.3f m respectively'%(t1,t10,xrms1,xrms10)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.4:pg-432"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time per random walk is 2.045e-11 s or 20.45 ps\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "D = 2.2e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient of benzene, cm2/s \n",
-    "x0 = 0.3                   #molecular diameter of benzene, nm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "t = (x0*1e-9)**2/(2*D*1e-4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Time per random walk is %4.3e s or %4.2f ps'%(t,t/1e-12)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.5:pg-434"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mean free path 2.627e-07 m and collisional cross section 1.10e-19 m2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
-    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23        #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 39.9                   #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "CvmbyNA = 3.*k/2\n",
-    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
-    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
-    "labda = 3*kt/(CvmbyNA*nuavg*N)\n",
-    "sigm = 1/(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Mean free path %4.3e m and collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(labda, sigm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.6:pg-437"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collisional cross section 2.74e-19 m2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "eta = 227.                  #Viscosity of Ar, muP\n",
-    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
-    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 39.9                    #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
-    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
-    "m = M*1e-3/NA\n",
-    "labda = 3.*eta*1e-7/(nuavg*N*m)          #viscosity in kg m s units\n",
-    "sigm = 1./(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(sigm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.7:pg-439"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Flow rate is 2.762e-06 m3/s\n",
-      "Cylinder can be used for 4.381e+06 s nearly 50.7 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "m = 22.7                    #Mass of CO2, kg\n",
-    "T = 293.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "L = 1.0                     #length of the tube, m\n",
-    "d = 0.75                    #Diameter of the tube, mm\n",
-    "eta = 146                   #Viscosity of CO2, muP\n",
-    "p1 = 1.05                   #Inlet pressure, atm\n",
-    "p2 = 1.00                   #Outlet pressure, atm\n",
-    "atm2pa = 101325             #Conversion for pressure from atm to Pa \n",
-    "M = 0.044                   #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  J mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "p1 = p1*atm2pa\n",
-    "p2 = p2*atm2pa\n",
-    "F = pi*(d*1e-3/2)**4*(p1**2-p2**2)/(16.*eta/1.e7*L*p2)\n",
-    "nCO2 = m/M\n",
-    "v = nCO2*R*T/((p1+p2)/2)\n",
-    "t = v/F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Flow rate is %4.3e m3/s'%(F)\n",
-    "print 'Cylinder can be used for %4.3e s nearly %3.1f days'%(t, t/(24*3600))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.8:pg-441"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of protein is 3.550 nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "eta = 0.891                 #Viscosity of hemoglobin in water, cP\n",
-    "T = 298.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "D = 6.9e-11                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "r = k*T/(6*pi*eta*1e-3*D)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Radius of protein is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.9:pg-442"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of Lysozyme particle is 1.937 nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "s = 1.91e-13                #Sedimentation constant, s\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 14100.0                 #Molecualr wt of lysozyme, g/mol\n",
-    "rho = 0.998                 #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
-    "eta = 1.002                 #Viscosity lysozyme in water, cP\n",
-    "T = 293.15                  #Temperature, K\n",
-    "vbar = 0.703                #Specific volume of cm3/g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "m = M/NA\n",
-    "f = m*(1.-vbar*rho)/s\n",
-    "r = f/(6*pi*eta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Radius of Lysozyme particle is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.10:pg-443"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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f8PVXaamKiohkNnUsMVq6FIYMga98BWbOhCOOiDuRiEjTqWOJQV0d3HcfnHYa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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9adf8d0>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope is 3.78e-04 1/min or 6.299e-06 1/s \n",
-      "Sedimentation factor is 1.899e-13 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t = array([0.0,30.0,60.0,90.0,120.0,150.0])       #Time, min\n",
-    "xb = array([6.00,6.07,6.14,6.21,6.28,6.35])       #Location of boundary layer, cm\n",
-    "rpm = 55000.                                      #RPM of centrifuge \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nx = xb/xb[0]\n",
-    "lnx = log(nx)\n",
-    "A = array([ t, ones(size(t))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,lnx)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
-    "# plotting the line\n",
-    "line = slope*t+intercept # regression line\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "plot(t,line,'-',t,lnx,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ Time, min $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ \\log(x_b/x_{b0}) $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "sbar = (slope/60)/(rpm*2*pi/60)**2\n",
-    "print 'Slope is %6.2e 1/min or %4.3e 1/s '%(slope, slope/60)\n",
-    "print 'Sedimentation factor is %4.3e s'%(sbar)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.11:pg-449"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is 0.0258 S.m2/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "LMg = 0.0106                #Ionic conductance for Mg, S.m2/mol\n",
-    "LCl = 0.0076                #Ionic conductance for Cl, S.m2/mol\n",
-    "nMg, nCl = 1, 2             #Coefficients of Mg and Cl  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "LMgCl2 = nMg*LMg + nCl*LCl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is %5.4f S.m2/mol'%(LMgCl2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MS7AyON.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MS7AyON.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 076c1413..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MS7AyON.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,700 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 06: Chemical Equilibrium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.1:pg-126"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 -813.6 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 -5320.9 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298.15\n",
-    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
-    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
-    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dACH4 = dHcCH4*1e3 - dnCH4*R*T - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
-    "dAC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - dnC8H18*R*T - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dACH4/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dAC8H18/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.2:pg-128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 -818.6 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 -5309.8 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298.15\n",
-    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
-    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
-    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGCH4 = dHcCH4*1e3  - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
-    "dGC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGCH4/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGC8H18/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.4:pg-133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is 355.1 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGf298 = 370.7     #Std. free energy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHf298 = 416.3     #Std. Enthalpy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "T = 400.           #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGf = T*(dGf298*1e3/T0 + dHf298*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGf/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.5:pg-137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. free energy Change on mixing is -2.8e+04 J\n",
-      "Std. entropy Change on mixing is -93.3 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "nHe = 1.0          #Number of moles of He\n",
-    "nNe = 3.0          #Number of moles of Ne\n",
-    "nAr = 2.0          #Number of moles of Ar\n",
-    "nXe = 2.5          #Number of moles of Xe\n",
-    "T = 298.15         #Temperature in K\n",
-    "P = 1.0            #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nHe + nNe + nAr + nXe\n",
-    "dGmix = n*R*T*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
-    "dSmix = n*R*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. free energy Change on mixing is %3.1e J'%(dGmix)\n",
-    "print 'Std. entropy Change on mixing is %4.1f J'%(dSmix)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.6:pg-138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 67.00 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGfFe  = 0.0       #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2O = -237.1     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfFe2O3 = -1015.4  #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nFe*dGfFe + nH2O*dGfH2O + nFe2O3*dGfFe2O3 + nH2*dGfH2  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(dGR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.7:pg-139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat 525.0 is -24.80 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat 525.0 is  137 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGR  = 67.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for reaction, kJ, from previous problem\n",
-    "dHfFe  = 0.0       #Enthalpy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfH2O = -285.8    #Enthalpy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfFe2O3 = -1118.4 #Enthalpy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfH2 = 0.0        #Enthalpy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "T = 525.           #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dHR = nFe*dHfFe + nH2O*dHfH2O + nFe2O3*dHfFe2O3 + nH2*dHfH2  \n",
-    "dGR2 = T*(dGR*1e3/T0 + dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(T, dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.0f kJ/mol'%(T, dGR2/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.8:pg-140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 1.337 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfNO2  = 51.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for NO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfN2O4 = 99.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for N2O4 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "pNO2 = 0.350       #Partial pressure of NO2, bar\n",
-    "pN2O4 = 0.650      #Partial pressure of N2O4, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nNO2, nN2O4 = -2, 1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of NO2 and N2O4 respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nN2O4*dGfN2O4*1e3 + nNO2*dGfNO2*1e3 + R*T0*log(pN2O4/(pNO2)**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.9:pg-141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is -0.020 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 3323.254 \n",
-      "Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCO2  = -394.4   #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCO = 237.1      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2O = 137.2     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCO2, nH2, nCO, nH2O = 1,1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CO2,H2,CO,H2O respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCO2*dGfCO2 + nH2*dGfH2 + nCO*dGfCO + nH2O*dGfH2O\n",
-    "Kp = exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %5.3f '%(Kp)\n",
-    "if Kp > 1: print 'Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.11:pg-144"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Part A\n",
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 211.400 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 242.600 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 4.223e-11, 1.042e-03, and 1.349e-01\n",
-      "Part B\n",
-      "Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 3.249e-05, 1.593e-01, and 8.782e-01\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCl2  = 0.0     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCl = 105.7     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCl2 = 0.0      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCl = 121.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15       #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCl2, nCl= -1,2 #Stoichiomentric coeff of Cl2,Cl respectively in reaction\n",
-    "PbyP0 = 0.01\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCl*dGfCl + nCl2*dGfCl2 \n",
-    "dHR = nCl*dHfCl + nCl2*dHfCl2 \n",
-    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
-    "Kp8 = func(800)\n",
-    "Kp15 = func(1500)\n",
-    "Kp20 = func(2000)\n",
-    "DDiss = lambda K: sqrt(K/(K+4*PbyP0))\n",
-    "alp8 = DDiss(Kp8)\n",
-    "alp15 = DDiss(Kp15)\n",
-    "alp20 = DDiss(Kp20)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Part A'\n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(Kp8,Kp15,Kp20)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'Part B'\n",
-    "print 'Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(alp8,alp15,alp20)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.12:pg-145"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 131.1 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 178.5 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are 0.0956, 0.673e, and 3.423\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCaCO3  = -1128.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCaO = -603.3         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCO2 = -394.4         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCaCO3 = -1206.9      #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCaO = -634.9         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCO2 = -393.5         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15             #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCaCO3, nCaO, nO2 = -1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CaCO3, CaO, O2 respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCaO*dGfCaO + nO2*dGfCO2 + nCaCO3*dGfCaCO3\n",
-    "dHR = nCaO*dHfCaO + nO2*dHfCO2 + nCaCO3*dHfCaCO3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kp10 = func(1000)\n",
-    "Kp11 = func(1100)\n",
-    "Kp12 = func(1200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are %4.4f, %4.3fe, and %4.3f'%(Kp10,Kp11,Kp12)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.13:pg-146"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is 1.51e+04 bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCG  = 0.0            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCD = 2.90            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "rhoG = 2.25e3           #Density of Graphite, kg/m3\n",
-    "rhoD = 3.52e3           #Density of dimond, kg/m3\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15             #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314               #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "P0 = 1.0                #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "M = 12.01               #Molceular wt of Carbon\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "P = P0*1e5 + dGfCD*1e3/((1./rhoG-1./rhoD)*M*1e-3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is %4.2e bar'%(P/1e5)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.14:pg-154"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dUbydV = 1.42e+03 bar\n",
-      "dVbyV = 6.519 percent\n",
-      "dUbydVm = 9e+02 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "beta = 2.04e-4          #Thermal exapansion coefficient, /K\n",
-    "kapa = 45.9e-6          #Isothermal compressibility, /bar\n",
-    "T = 298.15              #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.206e-2            #Ideal gas constant, atm.L/(mol.K) \n",
-    "T1 = 320.0              #Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pi = 1.0                #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "V = 1.00                #Volume, m3\n",
-    "a = 1.35                #van der Waals constant a for nitrogen, atm.L2/mol2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dUbydV = Pf = (beta*T1-kapa*P0)/kapa\n",
-    "dVT = V*kapa*(Pf-Pi)\n",
-    "dVbyV = dVT*100/V\n",
-    "Vm = Pi/(R*T1)\n",
-    "dUbydVm = a/(Vm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'dUbydV = %4.2e bar'%(dUbydV)\n",
-    "print 'dVbyV = %4.3f percent'%(dVbyV)\n",
-    "print 'dUbydVm = %4.0e atm'%(dUbydVm)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.15:pg-155"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Internal energy change is 4.06e+04 J/mol in which \n",
-      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 99.9999 percent\n",
-      "Enthalpy change is 4.185e+04 J/mol in which \n",
-      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 100.0 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp, log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m = 1000.0                #mass of mercury, g\n",
-    "Pi, Ti  = 1.00, 300.0     #Intial pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
-    "Pf, Tf  = 300., 600.0     #Final pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
-    "rho = 13534.              #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
-    "beta = 18.1e-4            #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
-    "kapa = 3.91e-6            #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
-    "Cpm = 27.98               #Molar Specific heat at constant pressure, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "M = 200.59                #Molecular wt of Hg, g/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vi = m*1e-3/rho\n",
-    "Vf = Vi*exp(-kapa*(Pf-Pi))\n",
-    "Ut = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M \n",
-    "Up =  (beta*Ti/kapa-Pi)*1e5*(Vf-Vi) + (Vi-Vf+Vf*log(Vf/Vi))*1e5/kapa\n",
-    "dU = Ut + Up\n",
-    "Ht = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M\n",
-    "Hp = ((1 + beta*(Tf-Ti))*Vi*exp(-kapa*Pi)/kapa)*(exp(-kapa*Pi)-exp(-kapa*Pf))\n",
-    "dH =  Ht + Hp\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Internal energy change is %6.2e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %6.4f percent'%(dU,Ut*100/dH)\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy change is %4.3e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %4.1f percent'%(dH,Ht*100/dH)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.16:pg-156"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Difference in molar specific heats \n",
-      "at constant volume and constant pressure 3.73e-03 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is 27.98 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature of Hg, K \n",
-    "beta = 18.1e-4              #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
-    "kapa = 3.91e-6              #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
-    "M = 0.20059                 #Molecular wt of Hg, kg/mol \n",
-    "rho = 13534                 #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
-    "Cpm = 27.98                 #Experimental Molar specif heat at const pressure for mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vm = M/rho\n",
-    "DCpmCv = T*Vm*beta**2/kapa\n",
-    "Cvm = Cpm - DCpmCv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Difference in molar specific heats \\nat constant volume and constant pressure %4.2e J/(mol.K)'%DCpmCv\n",
-    "print 'Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Cvm"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.17:pg-158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Molar Gibbs energy of Ar -46.154 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Molar Gibbs energy of Water -306.658 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T = 298.15                  #Std. Temperature, K \n",
-    "P = 1.0                     #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Hm0, Sm0 = 0.0,154.8        #Std. molar enthalpy and entropy of Ar(g), kJ, mol, K units\n",
-    "Sm0H2, Sm0O2 = 130.7,205.2  #Std. molar entropy of O2 and H2 (g), kJ/(mol.K)\n",
-    "dGfH2O = -237.1         #Gibbs energy of formation for H2O(l), kJ/mol  \n",
-    "nH2, nO2 = 1, 1./2       #Stoichiomentric coefficients for H2 and O2 in water formation reaction \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Gm0 = Hm0 - T*Sm0\n",
-    "dGmH2O = dGfH2O*1000 - T*(nH2*Sm0H2 + nO2*Sm0O2)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Ar %4.3f kJ/mol'%(Gm0/1e3)\n",
-    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Water %4.3f kJ/mol'%(dGmH2O/1e3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MnetfXH.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MnetfXH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 860afddf..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MnetfXH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 08: Phase Diagrams and the Relative Stability of Solids, Liquids, and Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.2:Pg.No-195"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 30.7 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 86.9 J/mol\n",
-      "Triple point temperature = 267.3 K for benzene\n",
-      "Triple point pressure = 3.53e+03 Pa for benzene\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Tn = 353.24       #normal boiling point of Benzene, K\n",
-    "pi = 1.19e4       #Vapor pressure of benzene at 20°C, Pa\n",
-    "DHf = 9.95        #Latent heat of fusion, kJ/mol\n",
-    "pv443 = 137.      #Vapor pressure of benzene at -44.3°C, Pa\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Pf = 101325       #Std. atmospheric pressure, Pa\n",
-    "T20 = 293.15      #Temperature in K\n",
-    "P0 = 1.\n",
-    "Pl = 10000.\n",
-    "Ts = -44.3        #Temperature of solid benzene, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ts = Ts + 273.15\n",
-    "#Part a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DHv = -(R*math.log(Pf/pi))/(1./Tn-1./T20)\n",
-    "#Part b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DSv = DHv/Tn\n",
-    "DHf = DHf*1e3\n",
-    "#Part c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ttp = -DHf/(R*(math.log(Pl/P0)-math.log(pv443/P0)-(DHv+DHf)/(R*Ts)+DHv/(R*T20)))\n",
-    "Ptp = exp(-DHv/R*(1./Ttp-1./Tn))*101325\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %4.1f kJ/mol'%(DHv/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %3.1f J/mol'%DSv\n",
-    "print 'Triple point temperature = %4.1f K for benzene'%Ttp\n",
-    "print 'Triple point pressure = %4.2e Pa for benzene'%Ptp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.3:Pg.No-200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force exerted by one leg 5.428e-05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
-    "r = 1.2e-4        #Radius of hemisphere, m\n",
-    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DP = 2*gama*cos(theta)/r\n",
-    "F = DP*pi*r**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Force exerted by one leg %5.3e N'%F"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.4:Pg.No-200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Height to which water can rise by capillary action is 0.74 m\n",
-      "This is very less than 100.0 n, hence water can not reach top of tree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
-    "r = 2e-5          #Radius of xylem, m\n",
-    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
-    "rho = 997.0       #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
-    "g = 9.81          #gravitational acceleration, m/s2\n",
-    "H = 100           #Height at top of redwood tree, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "h = 2*gama/(rho*g*r*cos(theta))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Height to which water can rise by capillary action is %3.2f m'%h\n",
-    "print 'This is very less than %4.1f n, hence water can not reach top of tree'%H"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_N5LVZdn.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_N5LVZdn.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bb478dec..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_N5LVZdn.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 07: Properties of Real Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.3:pg-175"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(V-Videal) -6.49 L\n",
-      "Percentage error -58.73\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 1.0           #Mass of Methane, kg\n",
-    "T = 230           #Temeprature of Methane, K\n",
-    "P = 68.0          #Pressure, bar \n",
-    "Tc = 190.56       #Critical Temeprature of Methane\n",
-    "Pc = 45.99        #Critical Pressure of Methane\n",
-    "R = 0.08314       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "M = 16.04         #Molecular wt of Methane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "Tr = T/Tc\n",
-    "Pr = P/Pc\n",
-    "z = 0.63          #Methane compressibility factor\n",
-    "n = m*1e3/M\n",
-    "V = z*n*R*T/P\n",
-    "Vig = n*R*T/P\n",
-    "DV = (V - Vig)/V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print '(V-Videal) %4.2f L'%(V-Vig)\n",
-    "print 'Percentage error %5.2f'%(DV*100)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_NEmIMzZ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_NEmIMzZ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 351d347c..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_NEmIMzZ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,243 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 3: Importance of State Functions: Internal Energy and Enthalpy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.2:pg-49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure increase in capillary 100.0 bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "betaOH = 11.2e-4           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of ethanol, °C\n",
-    "betagl = 2.00e-5           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of glass, °C\n",
-    "kOH = 11.0e-5              #Isothermal compressibility of ethanol, /bar\n",
-    "dT = 10.0                  #Increase in Temperature, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "vfbyvi = (1+ betagl*dT)\n",
-    "dP = betaOH*dT/kOH-(1./kOH)*log(vfbyvi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure increase in capillary %4.1f bar'%dP"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.4:pg-53"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +- 6.0 °C\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "cpsubysy = 1000           #Specific heat ration of surrounding and system\n",
-    "Tpreci = 0.006             #Precision in Temperature measurement, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "dtgas = -cpsubysy*(-Tpreci)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +-%4.1f °C'%dtgas"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.6:pg-54"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dUT = 24.4 J: This is wrongly reported in book\n",
-      "dUV = 4174.1 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0           #number of mole of N2, mol     \n",
-    "Ti = 200.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pi = 5.00         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
-    "Tf = 400.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pf = 20.0         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
-    "a = 0.137         #van der Waals constant a, Pa.m3/(mol2)\n",
-    "b = 3.87e-5       #van der Waals constant b, m3/(mol)\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 22.5, -1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, -1.0176e-8\n",
-    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
-    "vi = 3.28e-3      #initial volume, m3/mol\n",
-    "vf = 7.88e-3      #Final volume, m3/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dUT = n**2*a*(1./vi-1./vf)\n",
-    "dUV = integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'dUT = %4.1f J: This is wrongly reported in book'%dUT\n",
-    "print 'dUV = %4.1f J'%dUV"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.7:pg-57"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dH =   46.8 kJ\n",
-      "qp =   30.8 kJ\n",
-      "Error in calculations 34.3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 143.0         #Mass of graphite, g     \n",
-    "Ti = 300.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Tf = 600.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D, E = -12.19,0.1126,-1.947e-4,1.919e-7,-7.8e-11\n",
-    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
-    "M = 12.01\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dH = (m/M)*integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
-    "expr = A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4\n",
-    "cpm = expr.subs(T,300.)\n",
-    "qp = (m/M)*cpm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "err = abs(dH-qp)/dH\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'dH = %6.1f kJ'%(dH/1000)\n",
-    "print 'qp = %6.1f kJ'%(qp/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Error in calculations %4.1f'%(err*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.9:pg-59"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is 39.9 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 124.0         #Mass of liquid methanol, g\n",
-    "Pi = 1.0          #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Ti = 298.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pf = 2.5          #Final Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Tf = 425.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "rho = 0.791       #Density, g/cc\n",
-    "Cpm = 81.1        #Specifi heat, J/(K.mol)\n",
-    "M = 32.04\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = m/M\n",
-    "DH = n*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)+ m*(Pf-Pi)*1e-6/rho\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is %4.1f kJ'%(DH/1000)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_NaQvqio.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_NaQvqio.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7d42ed97..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_NaQvqio.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 04: Thermochemistry"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.1:pg-72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds 927.0 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds 461.0 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "DH0_H2O = 241.8          #Std Enthalpy of reaxtion of Water Fomation backward rxn, kJ/mol\n",
-    "DH0_2H = 2*218.0         #Std Enthalpy of formation of Hydrogen atom, kJ/mol\n",
-    "DH0_O = 249.2            #Std Enthalpy of formation of Oxygen atom, kJ/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314                #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Dn = 2.0\n",
-    "T = 298.15               #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DH0_2HO = DH0_H2O + DH0_2H + DH0_O\n",
-    "DU0 = (DH0_2HO - Dn*R*T*1e-3)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DH0_2HO\n",
-    "print 'Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DU0"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.2:pg-74"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat of reaction for HCl formation is -95.1 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "a = ([29.064, 31.695, 28.165])             #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "b = ([-0.8363e-3, 10.143e-3, 1.809e-3])    #Constant 'b' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "c = ([20.111e-7, -40.373e-7, 15.464e-7])   #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "delHf0HCl = -92.3                          #Std. Heat of formation of HCl, kJ/mol\n",
-    "T1, T2 = 298.15, 1450                      #Std and final temperature, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "DA = a[2]-(a[0]+a[1])/2\n",
-    "DB = b[2]-(b[0]+b[1])/2\n",
-    "DC = c[2]-(c[0]+c[1])/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "expr = integrate( DA + DB*T + DC*T**2, (T,T1,T2))\n",
-    "DHR1450= expr/1000 + delHf0HCl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat of reaction for HCl formation is %4.1f kJ/mol'%DHR1450"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.3:pg-75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Calorimeter constant 7.59e+03 J/°C\n",
-      "Enthalpy of rection for benzene -3.26e+06 J/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ms1 = 0.972          #Mass of cyclohexane, g\n",
-    "DT1 = 2.98           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
-    "DUR1 = -3913e3       #Std Internal energy change, J/mol\n",
-    "mw = 1.812e3         #Mass of water, g\n",
-    "ms2 = 0.857          #Mass of benzene, g\n",
-    "Ms1 = 84.16\n",
-    "Ms2 = 78.12\n",
-    "DT2 = 2.36           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02\n",
-    "Cpw = 75.3 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ccal = ((-ms1/Ms1)*DUR1-(mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT1)/DT1\n",
-    "DUR2 = (-Ms2/ms2)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT2+Ccal*DT2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Calorimeter constant %4.2e J/°C'%Ccal\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of rection for benzene %4.2e J/mol'%DUR2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.4:pg-77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 -2.81e+03 J/mol\n",
-      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data -2.40e+00 J/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ms = 1.423           #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
-    "mw = 100.34          #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
-    "DT = 0.037           #Change in temperature for solution, K\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02           #Molecular wt of Water\n",
-    "Ms = 142.04          #Molecular wt of ms Na2SO4\n",
-    "Ccal = 342.5         #Calorimeter constant, J/K\n",
-    "#Data\n",
-    "DHfNa = -240.1\n",
-    "DHfSO4 = -909.3\n",
-    "DHfNa2SO4 = -1387.1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DHs = (-Ms/ms)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT+Ccal*DT)\n",
-    "DHsolD = 2*DHfNa + DHfSO4 - DHfNa2SO4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 %4.2e J/mol'%DHs\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data %4.2e J/mol'%DHsolD"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Npcu1fX.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Npcu1fX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 887d09f2..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Npcu1fX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,419 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18: Elementary Chemical Kinetics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.2:pg-461"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 2.00\n",
-      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 1.00\n",
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.201e+08 1./(M.s)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ca0 = [2.3e-4,4.6e-4,9.2e-4]       #Initial Concentration of A, M\n",
-    "Cb0 = [3.1e-5,6.2e-5,6.2e-5]       #Initial Concentration of B, M\n",
-    "Ri  = [5.25e-4,4.2e-3,1.68e-2]     #Initial rate of reaction, M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alp = log(Ri[1]/Ri[2])/log(Ca0[1]/Ca0[2])\n",
-    "beta = (log(Ri[0]/Ri[1]) - 2*log((Ca0[0]/Ca0[1])))/(log(Cb0[0]/Cb0[1]))\n",
-    "k = Ri[2]/(Ca0[2]**2*Cb0[2]**beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%alp\n",
-    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%beta\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1./(M.s)'%k"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.3:pg-466"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.381e-05 1/s\n",
-      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 1.511e+04 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t1by2 = 2.05e4       #Half life for first order decomposition of N2O5, s\n",
-    "x = 60.              #percentage decay of N2O5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
-    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
-    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.4:pg-467 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 1.203e-04 1/s\n",
-      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 4.245e+03 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t1by2 = 5760       #Half life for C14, years\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
-    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
-    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.5:pg-472"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time required for maximum concentration of A: 13.86 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "kAbykI = 2.0       #Ratio of rate constants\n",
-    "kA = 0.1           #First order rate constant for rxn 1, 1/s \n",
-    "kI = 0.05          #First order rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "tmax = 1/(kA-kI)*log(kA/kI)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Time required for maximum concentration of A: %4.2f s'%tmax"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.7:pg-476"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: 6.67 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T = 22.0           #Temperature of the reaction,°C\n",
-    "k1 = 7.0e-4        #Rate constants for rxn 1, 1/s\n",
-    "k2 = 4.1e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
-    "k3 = 5.7e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 3, 1/s \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "phiP1 = k1/(k1+k2+k3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: %4.2f '%(phiP1*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.8:pg-477"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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x4M0FjBk/hkVLFtG2RVvNpis2SkYiImtHs+lERKTkKBmJiEh0SkYiIhKdkpGI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\nYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9358710>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are, -6419.8 and 14.45\n",
-      "Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are 53.37 kJ/mol and 1.88e+06 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot, show, xlabel, ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T = array([22.7,27.2,33.7,38.0])\n",
-    "k1 = array([7.e-4,9.8e-4,1.6e-3,2.e-3])\n",
-    "R = 8.314 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = T +273.15\n",
-    "x = 1./T\n",
-    "y = log(k1)\n",
-    "A = array([ x, ones(size(x))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,y)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
-    "# plotting the line\n",
-    "line = slope*x+intercept # regression line\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "plot(x,line,'-',x,y,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ 1/T, K^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ log(k) $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "Ea = -slope*R\n",
-    "A = exp(intercept)\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are, %6.1f and %4.2f'%(slope, intercept)\n",
-    "print 'Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are %4.2f kJ/mol and %4.2e 1/s'%(Ea/1e3, A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.9:pg-482"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Forward Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n",
-      "Backward Rate constant is 4.34e+04 1/s\n",
-      "Apperent Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ea = 42.e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
-    "A  = 1.e12      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
-    "T = 298.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "Kc = 1.0e4      #Equilibrium constant for reaction\n",
-    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "kB = A*exp(-Ea/(R*T))\n",
-    "kA = kB*Kc\n",
-    "kApp = kA + kB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kA\n",
-    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kB\n",
-    "print 'Apperent Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kApp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.10:pg-492"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Estimated rate 6.4e+13 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of 4.0e+07 1/(M.s), \n",
-      "hence the reaction is not diffusion controlled\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Dh = 7.6e-7     #Diffusion coefficient of Hemoglobin, cm2/s\n",
-    "Do2 = 2.2e-5    #Diffusion coefficient of oxygen, cm2/s\n",
-    "rh = 35.        #Radius of Hemoglobin, °A\n",
-    "ro2 = 2.0       #Radius of Oxygen, °A\n",
-    "k = 4e7         #Rate constant for binding of O2 to Hemoglobin, 1/(M.s)\n",
-    "NA =6.022e23    #Avagadro Number\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DA = Dh + Do2\n",
-    "kd = 4*pi*NA*(rh+ro2)*1e-8*DA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Estimated rate %4.1e 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of %4.1e 1/(M.s), \\nhence the reaction is not diffusion controlled'%(kd,k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.11:pg-494"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Forward Rate constant is 9.90e+04 1/s\n",
-      "Backward Rate constant is -12.72 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, e\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ea = 104e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
-    "A  = 1.e13      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
-    "T = 300.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34   #Plnak constant, Js\n",
-    "c = 1.0         #Std. State concentration, M\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23    #,J/K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dH = Ea - 2*R*T\n",
-    "dS = R*log(A*h*c/(k*T*e**2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%dH\n",
-    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2f 1/s'%dS"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_OjcoXgK.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_OjcoXgK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 351d347c..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_OjcoXgK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,243 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 3: Importance of State Functions: Internal Energy and Enthalpy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.2:pg-49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure increase in capillary 100.0 bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "betaOH = 11.2e-4           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of ethanol, °C\n",
-    "betagl = 2.00e-5           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of glass, °C\n",
-    "kOH = 11.0e-5              #Isothermal compressibility of ethanol, /bar\n",
-    "dT = 10.0                  #Increase in Temperature, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "vfbyvi = (1+ betagl*dT)\n",
-    "dP = betaOH*dT/kOH-(1./kOH)*log(vfbyvi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure increase in capillary %4.1f bar'%dP"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.4:pg-53"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +- 6.0 °C\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "cpsubysy = 1000           #Specific heat ration of surrounding and system\n",
-    "Tpreci = 0.006             #Precision in Temperature measurement, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "dtgas = -cpsubysy*(-Tpreci)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +-%4.1f °C'%dtgas"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.6:pg-54"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dUT = 24.4 J: This is wrongly reported in book\n",
-      "dUV = 4174.1 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0           #number of mole of N2, mol     \n",
-    "Ti = 200.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pi = 5.00         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
-    "Tf = 400.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pf = 20.0         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
-    "a = 0.137         #van der Waals constant a, Pa.m3/(mol2)\n",
-    "b = 3.87e-5       #van der Waals constant b, m3/(mol)\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 22.5, -1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, -1.0176e-8\n",
-    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
-    "vi = 3.28e-3      #initial volume, m3/mol\n",
-    "vf = 7.88e-3      #Final volume, m3/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dUT = n**2*a*(1./vi-1./vf)\n",
-    "dUV = integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'dUT = %4.1f J: This is wrongly reported in book'%dUT\n",
-    "print 'dUV = %4.1f J'%dUV"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.7:pg-57"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dH =   46.8 kJ\n",
-      "qp =   30.8 kJ\n",
-      "Error in calculations 34.3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 143.0         #Mass of graphite, g     \n",
-    "Ti = 300.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Tf = 600.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D, E = -12.19,0.1126,-1.947e-4,1.919e-7,-7.8e-11\n",
-    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
-    "M = 12.01\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dH = (m/M)*integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
-    "expr = A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4\n",
-    "cpm = expr.subs(T,300.)\n",
-    "qp = (m/M)*cpm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "err = abs(dH-qp)/dH\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'dH = %6.1f kJ'%(dH/1000)\n",
-    "print 'qp = %6.1f kJ'%(qp/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Error in calculations %4.1f'%(err*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.9:pg-59"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is 39.9 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 124.0         #Mass of liquid methanol, g\n",
-    "Pi = 1.0          #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Ti = 298.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pf = 2.5          #Final Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Tf = 425.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "rho = 0.791       #Density, g/cc\n",
-    "Cpm = 81.1        #Specifi heat, J/(K.mol)\n",
-    "M = 32.04\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = m/M\n",
-    "DH = n*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)+ m*(Pf-Pi)*1e-6/rho\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is %4.1f kJ'%(DH/1000)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PE5hkZJ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PE5hkZJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b5ef632..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PE5hkZJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10: Electrolyte Solutions"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.2:Pg-252"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is 0.050 and for Na2SO4 solution is 0.150, mol/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "M = 0.050       #Molarity for NaCl and Na2SO4 solution, mol/kg\n",
-    "npa, zpa = 1, 1\n",
-    "nma, zma = 1, 1\n",
-    "npb, zpb = 2, 1\n",
-    "nmb, zmb = 1, 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ia = M*(npa*zpa**2 + nma*zma**2)/2\n",
-    "Ib = M*(npb*zpb**2 + nmb*zmb**2)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is %4.3f and for Na2SO4 solution is %4.3f, mol/kg'%(Ia,Ib)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoMDUmn.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoMDUmn.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 382b0ea4..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoMDUmn.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,508 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 14: Ensemble and Molecular Partition Function"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.1:pg-344"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Difference in energy levels is 3.10e-38 J or 1.56e-15 1/cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "l = 0.01           #Box length, m \n",
-    "n1,n2 = 2,1        #Energy levels states\n",
-    "m = 5.31e-26       #mass of oxygen molecule, kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "dE = (n1+n2)*h**2/(8*m*l**2)\n",
-    "dEcm = dE/(h*c*1e2)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Difference in energy levels is %3.2e J or %3.2e 1/cm'%(dE,dEcm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.2:pg-345"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave length is 1.60e-11 m and\n",
-      "Translational partition function is 2.44e+29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "v = 1.0            #Volume, L\n",
-    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature of Ar, K\n",
-    "m = 6.63e-26       #Mass of Argon molecule, kg \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "GAMA = h/sqrt(2*pi*m*k*T)\n",
-    "v = v*1e-3\n",
-    "qT3D = v/GAMA**3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave length is %3.2e m and\\nTranslational partition function is %3.2e'%(GAMA,qT3D)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.4:pg-350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Spectrum will be observed at  494 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "J = 4              #Rotational energy level\n",
-    "B = 8.46           #Spectrum, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "T = (2*J+1)**2*h*c*100*B/(2*k)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Spectrum will be observed at %4.0f K'%(T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.5:pg-352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function of H2 at 1000 is 5.729\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B = 60.589         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 1000           #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "qR = k*T/(2*h*c*100*B)\n",
-    "qRs = 0.0\n",
-    "#for J in range(101):\n",
-    "#    print J\n",
-    "#    if (J%2 == 0):\n",
-    "#        qRs = qRs + (2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T)\n",
-    "#    else:\n",
-    "#        qRs = qRs + 3*(2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T))\n",
-    "#print qRs/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.6:pg-353"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function of H2 at  100 K is 928.121\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "B = 0.0374         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 100.0          #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "sigma = 2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "ThetaR = h*c*100*B/k\n",
-    "qR = T/(sigma*ThetaR)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f K is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.7:pg-354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at  298 K are  140, 16926, and  712 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "Ba = 1.48                        #Spectrum for OCS, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Spectrum for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Spectrum for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 298.0                        #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "sigmab = 1\n",
-    "sigmac = 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qRa = k*T/(h*c*100*Ba)\n",
-    "qRb = (sqrt(pi)/sigmab)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bb[0])*sqrt(1/Bb[1])*sqrt(1/Bb[2])\n",
-    "qRc = (sqrt(pi)/sigmac)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bc[0])*sqrt(1/Bc[1])*sqrt(1/Bc[2])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at %4.0f K are %4.0f, %4.0f, and %4.0f respectively'%(T,qRa,qRb,qRc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.8:pg-356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Vibrational partition function for I2 at  298 and 1000 are 1.58 K and 3.86 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ba = 1.48                        #Frequency for OCS, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Frequency for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Frequency for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
-    "T298 = 298.0                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "T1000 = 1000                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "nubar  =  208\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qv298 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T298)))\n",
-    "qv1000 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T1000)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Vibrational partition function for I2 at %4d and %4d are %4.2f K and %4.2f respectively'%(T298, T1000,qv298, qv1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.9:pg-357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At  450 1/cm the q = 1.128\n",
-      "At  945 1/cm the q = 1.010\n",
-      "At 1100 1/cm the q = 1.005\n",
-      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 298.0 K is 1.146 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = [450, 945, 1100]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for OClO, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Qv = 1.\n",
-    "for i in nubar:\n",
-    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
-    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
-    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.10:pg-359"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Vibrational partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 10.508\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = 917        #Vibrational mode frequencies for F2, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "ThetaV = h*c*100*nubar/k\n",
-    "Th = 10*ThetaV\n",
-    "qv = 1/(1.-exp(-ThetaV/Th))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Vibrational partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.11:pg-360"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At 1388 1/cm the q = 1.157\n",
-      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
-      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
-      "At 2349 1/cm the q = 1.035\n",
-      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 1000.0 K is 3.139\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 1000           #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = [1388, 667.4,667.4,2349]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for CO2, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Qv = 1.\n",
-    "for i in nubar:\n",
-    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
-    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
-    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.12:pg-363"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electronic partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 9.45\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 298.           #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "n = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]   #Energy levels\n",
-    "E0 = [0,137.38,323.46,552.96,2112.28,2153.21,2220.11,2311.36,2424.78]      #Energies, 1/cm\n",
-    "g0 = [4,6,8,10,2,4,6,8,10]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qE = 0.0\n",
-    "for i in range(9):\n",
-    "    a =g0[i]*exp(-h*c*100*E0[i]/(k*T))\n",
-    "    qE = qE + a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Electronic partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.2f'%(T, qE)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoWqLvV.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoWqLvV.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 430c21a8..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoWqLvV.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,484 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 12: Probability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.1:pg-295"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of picking up any one ball is 1.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Varible declaration\n",
-    "n = range(1,51,1)\n",
-    "Prob = 0\n",
-    "for x in n:\n",
-    "    Prob = 1./len(n) + Prob\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of picking up any one ball is %3.1f'%Prob"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.2:pg-296"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of 52 cards is 1/4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
-    "nheart = 13     #Number of cards with hearts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Pe = Fraction(nheart,n)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of %d cards is'%n,Pe"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.3:pg-297"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is 311875200\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "TotalM = n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)*(n-4)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is %d'%TotalM"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.4:pg-297"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Possible spin states for excited state are  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n1 = 2         #Two spin states for 1st electron in orbit 1\n",
-    "n2 = 2         #Two spin states for 2nd electron in orbit 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M = n1*n1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Possible spin states for excited state are %2d'%M"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.5:pg-298"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are    95040\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 12         #Total Number of players \n",
-    "j = 5          #Number player those can play match\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P = factorial(n)/factorial(n-j)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are %8d'%P"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.6:pg-299"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are  2598960\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52         #Number of cards in std . pack\n",
-    "j = 5          #Number of cards in subset\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "C = factorial(n)/(factorial(j)*factorial(n-j))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are %8d'%C"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.7:pg-300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total number of quantum states are  15\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "x = 6          #Number of electrons\n",
-    "n = 2          #Number of states\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P = factorial(x)/(factorial(n)*factorial(x-n))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total number of quantum states are %3d'%P"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.8:pg-301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is 0.112\n",
-      "Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is 9.124e-06\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 50          #Number of separate experiments\n",
-    "j1 = 25          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
-    "j2 = 10          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "C25 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j1)*factorial(n-j1))\n",
-    "PE25 = Fraction(1,2)**j1\n",
-    "PEC25 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j1)\n",
-    "P25 = C25*PE25*PEC25\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C10 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j2)*factorial(n-j2))\n",
-    "PE10 = Fraction(1,2)**j2\n",
-    "PEC10 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j2)\n",
-    "P10 = C10*PE10*PEC10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3f'%(float(P25))\n",
-    "print 'Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3e'%(float(P10))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.9:pg-302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error\n",
-      " 10       15.10        13.03              2.08\n",
-      " 50       148.48        145.60              2.88\n",
-      "100       363.74        360.52              3.22\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial, log\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "N = [10,50,100]       #Valures for N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "print '  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error'\n",
-    "for i in N:\n",
-    "    lnN = log(factorial(i))\n",
-    "    lnNs = i*log(i)-i\n",
-    "    err = abs(lnN-lnNs)\n",
-    "    print '%3d       %5.2f        %5.2f              %4.2f'%(i,lnN,lnNs, err)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.10:pg-305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of receiving any card 1/52\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "fi = 1       #Probability of receiving any card\n",
-    "n = 52       #Number od Cards\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "sum = 0\n",
-    "for i in range(52):\n",
-    "    sum = sum + fi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pxi = Fraction(fi,sum)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of receiving any card', Pxi"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.11:pg-307"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sum of Px considering it as discrete function 20.4\n",
-      "Sum of Px considering it as contineous function 19.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "fun = lambda x: exp(-0.05*x)\n",
-    "Pt = 0\n",
-    "for i in range(0,101):\n",
-    "    Pt = Pt + fun(i)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "Ptot = integrate.quad(fun, 0.0, 100.)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as discrete function %4.1f'%Pt\n",
-    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as contineous function %4.1f'%Ptot[0]"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.12:pg-308"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "r = Symbol('r')      #Radius of inner circle\n",
-    "C = [5,2,0]\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "A1 = pi*r**2\n",
-    "A2 = pi*(2*r)**2 - A1\n",
-    "A3 = pi*(3*r)**2 - (A1 + A2)\n",
-    "At = A1 + A2 + A3\n",
-    "f1 = A1/At\n",
-    "f2 = A2/At\n",
-    "f3 = A3/At\n",
-    "sf = f1 + f2 + f3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ns = (f1*C[0]+f2*C[1]+f3*C[2])/sf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'A1, A2, A3: ', A1,', ', A2,', ', A3\n",
-    "print 'f1, f2, f3: ', f1,f2,f3\n",
-    "print 'Average payout $', round(float(ns),2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_QHlxeI4.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_QHlxeI4.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 058c9da8..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_QHlxeI4.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,286 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 13: Boltzmann Distribution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.1:pg-321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The observed weight 1.37e+28 compared to 1.01e+29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "aH = 40         #Number of heads\n",
-    "N = 100         #Total events\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "aT = 100 - aH\n",
-    "We = factorial(N)/(factorial(aT)*factorial(aH))\n",
-    "Wexpected = factorial(N)/(factorial(N/2)*factorial(N/2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The observed weight %5.2e compared to %5.2e'%(We,Wexpected)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.2:pg-322"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At maximum value of ln(W)\n",
-      "Values of N1 : 6162, N2: 2676 and N3: 1162 \n",
-      "Maximum value of ln(W)=   9012\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, diff, log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Varialbe declaration\n",
-    "n = 10000       #Total number of particles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "def ster(i):\n",
-    "    return i*log(i)-i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n1, n2, n3, W = symbols('n1 n2 n3 W',positive=True)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n2 = 5000 - 2*n3\n",
-    "n1 = 10000 - n2 -n3\n",
-    "logW = ster(n) - ster(n1) - ster(n2) - ster(n3) \n",
-    "fun = diff(logW, n3)\n",
-    "dfun = diff(fun, n3)\n",
-    "x0 = 10.0\n",
-    "err = 1.0\n",
-    "while err>0.001:\n",
-    "    f = fun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "    df = dfun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "    xnew = x0 - f/df\n",
-    "    err = abs(x0-xnew)/x0\n",
-    "    x0 = xnew\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x0 = int(x0)\n",
-    "N2 = n2.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "N3 = x0\n",
-    "n1 = n1.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "N1 = n1.subs(n2,N2)\n",
-    "lnW = logW.subs(n3,N3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'At maximum value of ln(W)'\n",
-    "print 'Values of N1 : %4d, N2: %4d and N3: %4d '%(N1, N2,N3)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum value of ln(W)= %6d'%lnW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.3:pg-326"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.048 i.e. 4.8 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "p0 = 0.633        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
-    "p1 = 0.233\n",
-    "p2 = 0.086\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1+p2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f i.e.%4.1f percent'%(p4,p4*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.4:pg-327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "p0 = 0.394        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
-    "p1by2 = 0.239\n",
-    "p2 = 0.145\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1by2+p2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f'%(p4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.5:pg-333"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Partition function is 1.577\n",
-      "Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is 0.085\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "I2 = 208         #Vibrational frequency, cm-1 \n",
-    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "q = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*I2/(k*T)))\n",
-    "p2 = exp(-2*h*c*I2/(k*T))/q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Partition function is %4.3f'%(q)\n",
-    "print 'Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is %4.3f'%(p2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.6:pg-334"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Occupation Number is 0.999990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "B = 1.45         #Magnetic field streangth, Teslas \n",
-    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K \n",
-    "gnbn = 2.82e-26  #J/T\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ahpbyahm = math.exp(-gnbn*B/(k*T))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Occupation Number is %7.6f'%(ahpbyahm)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_SRvof3X.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_SRvof3X.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 81a699eb..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_SRvof3X.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,356 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 19: Complex Reaction Mechanism "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.1:pg-511"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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2eS/pVklLJU0vaNtO0lhJcyQ9Kmnbgq9dLmmupNmS+ha095I0XdILkkYWtLeT\nNDo7Z0K2MZlt6MMP4dpr4YADoGtXmD077ZXiomJmjZTnVWG/B47boG0I8FhE7AWMBy4HkNQDOA3o\nDpwA3Cyt+8n3S2BARHQDukla+5wDgOURsScwEri2lG+mWRo3DvbfHx5/HCZOhB/9CLbeOu9UZtbM\n5VZYIuIJ4M0Nmk8Cbsse3wacnD0+ERgdEasjYgEwFzhY0o7AJyJiUnbc7QXnFD7XfUCz3j65qF55\nBU49Na06/JOfwF//CnvskXcqM2shyu0+lh0iYilARCwBdsjaOwMLC46rzto6A4sK2hdlbR85JyLW\nAG9J2r500ZuBDz5IV3r16gX77Zd2cvzylz3sZWZFVe6T98W8Brh1//R85BG46CLYZx+YNAkqKvJO\nZGYtVLkVlqWSOkbE0myYa1nWXg3sUnDczllbXe2F5yyW1BboEBHL63rh4cOHr3tcWVlJZWXlpr2T\ncvHSS3DJJWlS/oYb4IQT8k5kZs1QVVUVVVVV9To21xskJe0GPBQR+2WfX0OacL9G0mXAdhExJJu8\nvws4hDTENQ7YMyJC0kRgMDAJeBi4ISLGSBoI7BsRAyX1A06OiH515Gh5N0i+9x5ccw3ceCN8+9vp\nY4st8k5lZi1EWd4gKeluoBL4lKRXgGHA1cC9kv4LeJl0JRgRMUvSPcAsYBUwsKASDAJGAVsCj0TE\nmKz9VuAOSXOBN4Bai0qLEwEPPggXX5zW95o6FXb1ldZm1nS8pAstqMcyd26aR5k/P/VUjjkm70Rm\n1kJtrMdSbleFWWOsXAk/+AEcdhj06QPPPuuiYma5cWFpziLgvvugR4/US3n22bQsS7t2eSczs1as\n3K4Ks/qaPRsGD05L299+Oxx1VN6JzMwA91ian3//O+2R8vnPw5e+BFOmuKiYWVlxYWkuIuAPf4Du\n3WHZMpgxI03Ub7553snMzD7CQ2HNwXPPpT1SVqyAP/4RDj8870RmZnVyj6WcrViR7kfp0wdOOw0m\nT3ZRMbOy58JSjmpq0oR89+7pUuKZM2HgQGjbNu9kZmYfy0Nh5WbaNBg0KG3Adf/9cPDBeScyM2sQ\n91jKxZtvpnmU446D/v3TxlsuKmbWDLmw5K2mBm69NQ171dSk+1POOcfDXmbWbHkoLE+TJ6dhrzZt\n0n4pvXrlncjMbJO5x5KH11+H//7vtHvj+efDv/7lomJmLYYLS1NaswZ+9au0ttdWW6Vhr/79U4/F\nzKyF8FChXt8MAAAKwklEQVRYU5kwIU3Ot28Pjz0G+++fdyIzs5JwYSm1Zcvgsstg7Fi49lo480xQ\nrVsYmJm1CC4sRTJ//ssMHTqK6uoaOnduw4hhX6fibw/DiBFw9tlp2KtDh7xjmpmVnHeQZNN3kJw/\n/2WOPfZG5s27AmgPrKTr5t9kXO9qKn57S5pTMTNrQbyDZIkNHTqqoKgAtGfeqt8ztOJYFxUza3Vc\nWIqgurqG9UVlrfYsftW9QTNrfcqysEhaIOlZSVMlPZ21bSdprKQ5kh6VtG3B8ZdLmitptqS+Be29\nJE2X9IKkkaXK27lzG2DlBq0r6dSpLL+9ZmYlVa4/+WqAyog4MCLWLpg1BHgsIvYCxgOXA0jqAZwG\ndAdOAG6W1l129UtgQER0A7pJOq4UYUeM6E/XrsNYX1xW0rXrMEaM6F+KlzMzK2tlOXkvaT7QOyLe\nKGh7HjgqIpZK2hGoioi9JQ0BIiKuyY77GzAceBkYHxE9svZ+2fnn1/J6mzR5D+uvClu8uIZOndow\nYkR/Kiq6bNJzmpmVq41N3pfr5cYBjJO0Bvh1RPwW6BgRSwEiYomkHbJjOwMTCs6tztpWA4sK2hdl\n7SVRUdGFO+8cVqqnNzNrNsq1sBweEa9K+gwwVtIcUrEpVH5dLTMzK8/CEhGvZn++Jul+4GBgqaSO\nBUNhy7LDq4FdCk7fOWurq71Ww4cPX/e4srKSysrKTX8jZmYtRFVVFVVVVfU6tuzmWCRtDbSJiHck\ntQfGAlcAXwCWR8Q1ki4DtouIIdnk/V3AIaShrnHAnhERkiYCg4FJwMPADRExppbX3OQ5FjOz1qS5\nzbF0BP4iKUj57oqIsZImA/dI+i/SxPxpABExS9I9wCxgFTCwoEoMAkYBWwKP1FZUzMysuMqux5IH\n91jMzBrGS7qYmVmTcWExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmEx\nM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7OicmExM7Oi\ncmExM7OicmExM7OiavGFRdLxkp6X9IKky/LOY2bW0rXowiKpDXATcBywD3CGpL3zTdUwVVVVeUeo\nUzlng/LO52yNV875yjkbNF2+Fl1YgIOBuRHxckSsAkYDJ+WcqUHK+R9qOWeD8s7nbI1XzvnKORu4\nsBRLZ2BhweeLsjYzMyuRll5YzMysiSki8s5QMpIOBYZHxPHZ50OAiIhrNjiu5X4TzMxKJCJUW3tL\nLyxtgTnAF4BXgaeBMyJidq7BzMxasM3yDlBKEbFG0gXAWNKw360uKmZmpdWieyxmZtb0WvXkfd43\nT0q6VdJSSdML2raTNFbSHEmPStq24GuXS5orabakviXOtrOk8ZJmSpohaXCZ5dtC0lOSpmYZryqn\nfNnrtZE0RdKDZZhtgaRns+/f0+WUT9K2ku7NXmumpEPKIZukbtn3a0r25wpJg8sh2wavN1PSdEl3\nSWqXS76IaJUfpKL6ItAF2ByYBuzdxBmOAHoC0wvargG+lz2+DLg6e9wDmEoavtwty64SZtsR6Jk9\n3oY0V7V3ueTLXnPr7M+2wETg8DLLdwlwJ/BgOf3dZq/5ErDdBm1lkQ8YBXwze7wZsG25ZCvI2AZY\nDOxSLtlIP8teAtpln/8RODuPfCX95pfzB3Ao8LeCz4cAl+WQowsfLSzPAx2zxzsCz9eWD/gbcEgT\n5rwfOKYc8wFbky7M6FEu+YCdgXFAJesLS1lky15jPvCpDdpyzwd0AObV0p57tg3y9AX+WU7ZgO2y\nLNtlxeLBvP7PtuahsHK9eXKHiFgKEBFLgB2y9g3zVtNEeSXtRupZTST9Ay2LfNlQ01RgCVAVEbPK\nKN/1wHeBwknMcslGlmucpEmSvlVG+SqA1yX9Phty+o2krcskW6HTgbuzx2WRLSLeBK4DXslea0VE\nPJZHvtZcWJqLXK+ukLQNcB9wUUS8U0ue3PJFRE1EHEjqHRwpqbKWPE2eT9J/AEsjYhpQ63X+mTz/\nbg+PiF7AF4FBko6sJU8e+TYDegG/yPKtJP1mXQ7ZAJC0OXAicG8dWXLJJml30vBrF6AT0F7S12rJ\nU/J8rbmwVAO7Fny+c9aWt6WSOgJI2hFYlrVXk8Zz1yp5XkmbkYrKHRHxQLnlWysi3gYeAXqXSb7D\ngRMlvQT8Aegj6Q5gSRlkAyAiXs3+fI00zHkw5fG9WwQsjIjJ2ed/IhWacsi21gnAMxHxevZ5uWTr\nDfwrIpZHxBrgL8Dn8sjXmgvLJGAPSV0ktQP6kcYkm5r46G+1DwL9s8dnAw8UtPfLrvKoAPYgzSuU\n0u+AWRHx83LLJ+nTa69ukbQVcCxpIjL3fBHx/YjYNSJ2J/27Gh8R3wAeyjsbgKSts54oktqT5gtm\nUB7fu6XAQkndsqYvADPLIVuBM0i/MKxVLtnmAIdK2lKSSN+7WbnkK/UkVzl/AMdnfxlzgSE5vP7d\npCtLPiCNi36TNPH2WJZrLPDJguMvJ125MRvoW+JshwNrSFfLTQWmZN+v7csk335ZpqnAs8B3svay\nyFfwmkexfvK+LLKR5jHW/r3OWPtvv4zyHUD6xW8a8GfSVWHlkm1r4DXgEwVtZZEte73vkgrxdOA2\n0hWvTZ7PN0iamVlRteahMDMzKwEXFjMzKyoXFjMzKyoXFjMzKyoXFjMzKyoXFjMzKyoXFjMzKyoX\nFjMzKyoXFrNWTtKJknbKO4e1HC16z3uzUskW8xtEWtBvBfBv0jIft+eQ5XzSZk4VEfFGQfsfgXeB\nayLi+TrO7UhaR2pybV83awwXFrMGypYn/zVwekQsz9p+QVrXKg+TSKs7dwHeyPIcSNr58/sRMa+u\nEyNiqaRpTZLSWg0XFrOGuwMYuraoZKaQfsDnoQvwT9I2EFOytm1Im8atKyqSOpEW7wzSitorImIi\nG98zxqzBXFjMGkDSYaQhr/EbfGl0RKws8msdAZwKVJHmQytJ28d+BqBg2E2kfUy6FGScz/p9N8iO\nX0xaTbvwNXYAugF9gDuLmd9aL0/emzXMYcDjGzYWu6hsoDoi/gzsT+qZ/JW0VXShhcAu2eZskX39\nY/fWiIhlEfG1iHBRsaJxYTFrmBrSdrnrSNpC0tHZ430lnS7pKEnflbS3pP0kHSupt6TzsuN6Z8d8\nr64XiogngK4RMSnbzOz1SNtDH0I22S6pA7CcVFi6AIdmw1sHU/oNr8xq5cJi1jB/Aw7doO10oEpS\nZ9KE/h8j4nFgAfA28B8RMS7SdrttJe0HfBaYCHw628URSbsVPqmkLYH3sk97s34O5z+AxyUdkLU/\nE2mL4d2Bd7JjXFgsNy4sZg0QEXOAX0i6TtIASWeQdogMYCBp1761x94LnAOMLniKCuCdiPg1sApo\nGxErs4n1xzZ4uX2Bf2SP9wP+N3u8gLQV87bAj4EvZ+1PRMS07PLjnsCRxXjPZg3lHSTNikTSlcBV\nWaFoC+xF2mP8hxHxgaTts8cXZ8efQdoqdkVErJZ0VNbTMWvWXFjMiiQbCjuBtH84EfGvbHjrYOBl\nUqH5Y1Zkzib1KGqA8yKiRlLfiBibS3izInJhMTOzovIci5mZFZULi5mZFZULi5mZFZULi5mZFZUL\ni5mZFZULi5mZFZULi5mZFZULi5mZFZULi5mZFdX/B8J/v5b87GuOAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9aa4048>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Km and k2 are 10.0 mM and 1.1e+05 s-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Ce = 2.3e-9        #Initial value of enzyme concentration, M\n",
-    "r = array([2.78e-5,5.e-5,8.33e-5,1.67e-4])\n",
-    "CCO2 = array([1.25e-3,2.5e-3,5.e-3,20.e-3])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "rinv = 1./r\n",
-    "CCO2inv = 1./CCO2\n",
-    "xlim(0,850)\n",
-    "ylim(0,38000)\n",
-    "xi = CCO2inv\n",
-    "A = array([ CCO2inv, ones(size(CCO2inv))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,rinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "slope = w[0]\n",
-    "intercept = w[1]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "line = w[0]*CCO2inv+w[1] # regression line\n",
-    "plot(CCO2inv,line,'r-',CCO2inv,rinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ {C_{CO}}_2, mM^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ Rate^{-1}, s/M^{-1} $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "rmax = 1./intercept\n",
-    "k2 = rmax/Ce\n",
-    "Km = slope*rmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Km and k2 are %4.1f mM and %3.1e s-1'%(Km*1e3,k2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.2:pg-517"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9acd4a8>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are 0.3449 torr.g/cm3 and 0.0293 g/cm3\n",
-      "K and Vm are 8.48e-02 Torr^-1 and 34.2 cm3/g\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vads = array([5.98,7.76,10.1,12.35,16.45,18.05,19.72,21.1])   #Adsorption data at 193.5K\n",
-    "P = array([2.45,3.5,5.2,7.2,11.2,12.8,14.6,16.1])             #Pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vinv = 1./Vads\n",
-    "Pinv =1./P\n",
-    "xlim(0,0.5)\n",
-    "ylim(0,0.2)\n",
-    "A = array([ Pinv, ones(size(Pinv))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Vinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "m = w[0]\n",
-    "c = w[1]\n",
-    "line = m*Pinv+c # regression line\n",
-    "plot(Pinv,line,'r-',Pinv,Vinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ 1/P, Torr^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ 1/V_{abs}, cm^{-1}g $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "Vm = 1./c\n",
-    "K = 1./(m*Vm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are %5.4f torr.g/cm3 and %5.4f g/cm3'%(m,c)\n",
-    "print 'K and Vm are %4.2e Torr^-1 and %3.1f cm3/g'%(K,Vm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.4:pg-533"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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qmUlEklQzk4gkqWYmEUlSzf4/9Fa7EFJttIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa641f28>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are kq = 3.1995e+09 per s and kf = 2.1545e+06 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "CBr = array([0.0005,0.001,0.002,0.003,0.005])                    #C6Br6 concentration, M\n",
-    "tf = array([2.66e-7,1.87e-7,1.17e-7,8.50e-8,5.51e-8])            #Fluroscence life time, s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Tfinv = 1./tf\n",
-    "xlim(0,0.006)\n",
-    "ylim(0,2.e7)\n",
-    "A = array([ CBr, ones(size(CBr))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[m,c] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Tfinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "\n",
-    "line = m*CBr+c # regression line\n",
-    "plot(CBr,line,'r-',CBr,Tfinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ Br_6C_6, M $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ tau_f $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are kq = %5.4e per s and kf = %5.4e per s'%(m,c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.5:pg-536"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation Distance at decreased efficiency 11.53\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from scipy.optimize import root\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "r = 11.          #Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
-    "r0 = 9.          #Initial Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
-    "EffD = 0.2      #Fraction decrease in eff\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Effi = r0**6/(r0**6+r**6)\n",
-    "Eff = Effi*(1-EffD)\n",
-    "f = lambda r: r0**6/(r0**6+r**6) - Eff\n",
-    "sol = root(f, 12)\n",
-    "rn = sol.x[0]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Separation Distance at decreased efficiency %4.2f'%rn"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.6:pg-538"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total photon energy absorbed by sample 2.7e+03 J\n",
-      "Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is 7.1e-19 J\n",
-      "Total number of photon absorbed by sample 3.8e+21 photones\n",
-      "Overall quantum yield 0.40\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "mr = 2.5e-3        #Moles reacted, mol\n",
-    "P = 100.0          #Irradiation Power, J/s\n",
-    "t = 27             #Time of irradiation, s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, Js\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #Speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "labda = 280e-9     #Wavelength of light, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Eabs = P*t\n",
-    "Eph = h*c/labda\n",
-    "nph = Eabs/Eph     #moles of photone\n",
-    "phi = mr/6.31e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total photon energy absorbed by sample %3.1e J'%Eabs\n",
-    "print 'Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is %3.1e J'%Eph\n",
-    "print 'Total number of photon absorbed by sample %3.1e photones'%nph\n",
-    "print 'Overall quantum yield %4.2f'%phi"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.7:pg-542"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "DGS = 0.111 eV\n",
-      "Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer 2.66e+07 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "r = 2.0e9          #Rate constant for electron transfer, per s\n",
-    "labda = 1.2        #Gibss energy change, eV\n",
-    "DG = -1.93         #Gibss energy change for 2-naphthoquinoyl, eV\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DGS = (DG+labda)**2/(4*labda)\n",
-    "k193 = r*exp(-DGS*1.6e-19/(k*T))\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'DGS = %5.3f eV'%DGS\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer %3.2e per s'%k193"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_SSPoRzJ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_SSPoRzJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 058c9da8..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_SSPoRzJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,286 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 13: Boltzmann Distribution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.1:pg-321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The observed weight 1.37e+28 compared to 1.01e+29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "aH = 40         #Number of heads\n",
-    "N = 100         #Total events\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "aT = 100 - aH\n",
-    "We = factorial(N)/(factorial(aT)*factorial(aH))\n",
-    "Wexpected = factorial(N)/(factorial(N/2)*factorial(N/2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The observed weight %5.2e compared to %5.2e'%(We,Wexpected)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.2:pg-322"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At maximum value of ln(W)\n",
-      "Values of N1 : 6162, N2: 2676 and N3: 1162 \n",
-      "Maximum value of ln(W)=   9012\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, diff, log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Varialbe declaration\n",
-    "n = 10000       #Total number of particles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "def ster(i):\n",
-    "    return i*log(i)-i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n1, n2, n3, W = symbols('n1 n2 n3 W',positive=True)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n2 = 5000 - 2*n3\n",
-    "n1 = 10000 - n2 -n3\n",
-    "logW = ster(n) - ster(n1) - ster(n2) - ster(n3) \n",
-    "fun = diff(logW, n3)\n",
-    "dfun = diff(fun, n3)\n",
-    "x0 = 10.0\n",
-    "err = 1.0\n",
-    "while err>0.001:\n",
-    "    f = fun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "    df = dfun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "    xnew = x0 - f/df\n",
-    "    err = abs(x0-xnew)/x0\n",
-    "    x0 = xnew\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x0 = int(x0)\n",
-    "N2 = n2.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "N3 = x0\n",
-    "n1 = n1.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "N1 = n1.subs(n2,N2)\n",
-    "lnW = logW.subs(n3,N3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'At maximum value of ln(W)'\n",
-    "print 'Values of N1 : %4d, N2: %4d and N3: %4d '%(N1, N2,N3)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum value of ln(W)= %6d'%lnW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.3:pg-326"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.048 i.e. 4.8 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "p0 = 0.633        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
-    "p1 = 0.233\n",
-    "p2 = 0.086\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1+p2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f i.e.%4.1f percent'%(p4,p4*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.4:pg-327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "p0 = 0.394        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
-    "p1by2 = 0.239\n",
-    "p2 = 0.145\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1by2+p2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f'%(p4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.5:pg-333"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Partition function is 1.577\n",
-      "Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is 0.085\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "I2 = 208         #Vibrational frequency, cm-1 \n",
-    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "q = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*I2/(k*T)))\n",
-    "p2 = exp(-2*h*c*I2/(k*T))/q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Partition function is %4.3f'%(q)\n",
-    "print 'Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is %4.3f'%(p2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.6:pg-334"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Occupation Number is 0.999990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "B = 1.45         #Magnetic field streangth, Teslas \n",
-    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K \n",
-    "gnbn = 2.82e-26  #J/T\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ahpbyahm = math.exp(-gnbn*B/(k*T))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Occupation Number is %7.6f'%(ahpbyahm)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_T5WJU5x.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_T5WJU5x.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 076c1413..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_T5WJU5x.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,700 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 06: Chemical Equilibrium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.1:pg-126"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 -813.6 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 -5320.9 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298.15\n",
-    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
-    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
-    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dACH4 = dHcCH4*1e3 - dnCH4*R*T - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
-    "dAC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - dnC8H18*R*T - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dACH4/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dAC8H18/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.2:pg-128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 -818.6 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 -5309.8 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298.15\n",
-    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
-    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
-    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGCH4 = dHcCH4*1e3  - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
-    "dGC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGCH4/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGC8H18/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.4:pg-133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is 355.1 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGf298 = 370.7     #Std. free energy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHf298 = 416.3     #Std. Enthalpy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "T = 400.           #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGf = T*(dGf298*1e3/T0 + dHf298*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGf/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.5:pg-137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. free energy Change on mixing is -2.8e+04 J\n",
-      "Std. entropy Change on mixing is -93.3 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "nHe = 1.0          #Number of moles of He\n",
-    "nNe = 3.0          #Number of moles of Ne\n",
-    "nAr = 2.0          #Number of moles of Ar\n",
-    "nXe = 2.5          #Number of moles of Xe\n",
-    "T = 298.15         #Temperature in K\n",
-    "P = 1.0            #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nHe + nNe + nAr + nXe\n",
-    "dGmix = n*R*T*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
-    "dSmix = n*R*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. free energy Change on mixing is %3.1e J'%(dGmix)\n",
-    "print 'Std. entropy Change on mixing is %4.1f J'%(dSmix)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.6:pg-138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 67.00 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGfFe  = 0.0       #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2O = -237.1     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfFe2O3 = -1015.4  #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nFe*dGfFe + nH2O*dGfH2O + nFe2O3*dGfFe2O3 + nH2*dGfH2  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(dGR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.7:pg-139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat 525.0 is -24.80 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat 525.0 is  137 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGR  = 67.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for reaction, kJ, from previous problem\n",
-    "dHfFe  = 0.0       #Enthalpy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfH2O = -285.8    #Enthalpy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfFe2O3 = -1118.4 #Enthalpy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfH2 = 0.0        #Enthalpy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "T = 525.           #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dHR = nFe*dHfFe + nH2O*dHfH2O + nFe2O3*dHfFe2O3 + nH2*dHfH2  \n",
-    "dGR2 = T*(dGR*1e3/T0 + dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(T, dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.0f kJ/mol'%(T, dGR2/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.8:pg-140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 1.337 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfNO2  = 51.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for NO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfN2O4 = 99.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for N2O4 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "pNO2 = 0.350       #Partial pressure of NO2, bar\n",
-    "pN2O4 = 0.650      #Partial pressure of N2O4, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nNO2, nN2O4 = -2, 1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of NO2 and N2O4 respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nN2O4*dGfN2O4*1e3 + nNO2*dGfNO2*1e3 + R*T0*log(pN2O4/(pNO2)**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.9:pg-141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is -0.020 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 3323.254 \n",
-      "Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCO2  = -394.4   #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCO = 237.1      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2O = 137.2     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCO2, nH2, nCO, nH2O = 1,1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CO2,H2,CO,H2O respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCO2*dGfCO2 + nH2*dGfH2 + nCO*dGfCO + nH2O*dGfH2O\n",
-    "Kp = exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %5.3f '%(Kp)\n",
-    "if Kp > 1: print 'Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.11:pg-144"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Part A\n",
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 211.400 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 242.600 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 4.223e-11, 1.042e-03, and 1.349e-01\n",
-      "Part B\n",
-      "Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 3.249e-05, 1.593e-01, and 8.782e-01\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCl2  = 0.0     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCl = 105.7     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCl2 = 0.0      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCl = 121.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15       #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCl2, nCl= -1,2 #Stoichiomentric coeff of Cl2,Cl respectively in reaction\n",
-    "PbyP0 = 0.01\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCl*dGfCl + nCl2*dGfCl2 \n",
-    "dHR = nCl*dHfCl + nCl2*dHfCl2 \n",
-    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
-    "Kp8 = func(800)\n",
-    "Kp15 = func(1500)\n",
-    "Kp20 = func(2000)\n",
-    "DDiss = lambda K: sqrt(K/(K+4*PbyP0))\n",
-    "alp8 = DDiss(Kp8)\n",
-    "alp15 = DDiss(Kp15)\n",
-    "alp20 = DDiss(Kp20)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Part A'\n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(Kp8,Kp15,Kp20)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'Part B'\n",
-    "print 'Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(alp8,alp15,alp20)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.12:pg-145"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 131.1 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 178.5 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are 0.0956, 0.673e, and 3.423\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCaCO3  = -1128.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCaO = -603.3         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCO2 = -394.4         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCaCO3 = -1206.9      #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCaO = -634.9         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCO2 = -393.5         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15             #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCaCO3, nCaO, nO2 = -1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CaCO3, CaO, O2 respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCaO*dGfCaO + nO2*dGfCO2 + nCaCO3*dGfCaCO3\n",
-    "dHR = nCaO*dHfCaO + nO2*dHfCO2 + nCaCO3*dHfCaCO3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kp10 = func(1000)\n",
-    "Kp11 = func(1100)\n",
-    "Kp12 = func(1200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are %4.4f, %4.3fe, and %4.3f'%(Kp10,Kp11,Kp12)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.13:pg-146"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is 1.51e+04 bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCG  = 0.0            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCD = 2.90            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "rhoG = 2.25e3           #Density of Graphite, kg/m3\n",
-    "rhoD = 3.52e3           #Density of dimond, kg/m3\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15             #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314               #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "P0 = 1.0                #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "M = 12.01               #Molceular wt of Carbon\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "P = P0*1e5 + dGfCD*1e3/((1./rhoG-1./rhoD)*M*1e-3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is %4.2e bar'%(P/1e5)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.14:pg-154"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dUbydV = 1.42e+03 bar\n",
-      "dVbyV = 6.519 percent\n",
-      "dUbydVm = 9e+02 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "beta = 2.04e-4          #Thermal exapansion coefficient, /K\n",
-    "kapa = 45.9e-6          #Isothermal compressibility, /bar\n",
-    "T = 298.15              #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.206e-2            #Ideal gas constant, atm.L/(mol.K) \n",
-    "T1 = 320.0              #Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pi = 1.0                #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "V = 1.00                #Volume, m3\n",
-    "a = 1.35                #van der Waals constant a for nitrogen, atm.L2/mol2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dUbydV = Pf = (beta*T1-kapa*P0)/kapa\n",
-    "dVT = V*kapa*(Pf-Pi)\n",
-    "dVbyV = dVT*100/V\n",
-    "Vm = Pi/(R*T1)\n",
-    "dUbydVm = a/(Vm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'dUbydV = %4.2e bar'%(dUbydV)\n",
-    "print 'dVbyV = %4.3f percent'%(dVbyV)\n",
-    "print 'dUbydVm = %4.0e atm'%(dUbydVm)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.15:pg-155"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Internal energy change is 4.06e+04 J/mol in which \n",
-      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 99.9999 percent\n",
-      "Enthalpy change is 4.185e+04 J/mol in which \n",
-      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 100.0 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp, log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m = 1000.0                #mass of mercury, g\n",
-    "Pi, Ti  = 1.00, 300.0     #Intial pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
-    "Pf, Tf  = 300., 600.0     #Final pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
-    "rho = 13534.              #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
-    "beta = 18.1e-4            #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
-    "kapa = 3.91e-6            #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
-    "Cpm = 27.98               #Molar Specific heat at constant pressure, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "M = 200.59                #Molecular wt of Hg, g/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vi = m*1e-3/rho\n",
-    "Vf = Vi*exp(-kapa*(Pf-Pi))\n",
-    "Ut = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M \n",
-    "Up =  (beta*Ti/kapa-Pi)*1e5*(Vf-Vi) + (Vi-Vf+Vf*log(Vf/Vi))*1e5/kapa\n",
-    "dU = Ut + Up\n",
-    "Ht = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M\n",
-    "Hp = ((1 + beta*(Tf-Ti))*Vi*exp(-kapa*Pi)/kapa)*(exp(-kapa*Pi)-exp(-kapa*Pf))\n",
-    "dH =  Ht + Hp\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Internal energy change is %6.2e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %6.4f percent'%(dU,Ut*100/dH)\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy change is %4.3e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %4.1f percent'%(dH,Ht*100/dH)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.16:pg-156"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Difference in molar specific heats \n",
-      "at constant volume and constant pressure 3.73e-03 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is 27.98 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature of Hg, K \n",
-    "beta = 18.1e-4              #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
-    "kapa = 3.91e-6              #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
-    "M = 0.20059                 #Molecular wt of Hg, kg/mol \n",
-    "rho = 13534                 #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
-    "Cpm = 27.98                 #Experimental Molar specif heat at const pressure for mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vm = M/rho\n",
-    "DCpmCv = T*Vm*beta**2/kapa\n",
-    "Cvm = Cpm - DCpmCv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Difference in molar specific heats \\nat constant volume and constant pressure %4.2e J/(mol.K)'%DCpmCv\n",
-    "print 'Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Cvm"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.17:pg-158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Molar Gibbs energy of Ar -46.154 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Molar Gibbs energy of Water -306.658 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T = 298.15                  #Std. Temperature, K \n",
-    "P = 1.0                     #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Hm0, Sm0 = 0.0,154.8        #Std. molar enthalpy and entropy of Ar(g), kJ, mol, K units\n",
-    "Sm0H2, Sm0O2 = 130.7,205.2  #Std. molar entropy of O2 and H2 (g), kJ/(mol.K)\n",
-    "dGfH2O = -237.1         #Gibbs energy of formation for H2O(l), kJ/mol  \n",
-    "nH2, nO2 = 1, 1./2       #Stoichiomentric coefficients for H2 and O2 in water formation reaction \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Gm0 = Hm0 - T*Sm0\n",
-    "dGmH2O = dGfH2O*1000 - T*(nH2*Sm0H2 + nO2*Sm0O2)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Ar %4.3f kJ/mol'%(Gm0/1e3)\n",
-    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Water %4.3f kJ/mol'%(dGmH2O/1e3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TRgyMmv.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TRgyMmv.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 504b170b..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TRgyMmv.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,468 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 09: Ideal and Real Solutions"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.2:pg-212"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is -1.371e+04 J\n",
-      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous\n",
-      "Entropy change of mixing is 45.99 J/K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "P = 1.0        #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "xb = nb/n\n",
-    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
-    "dGmix = n*R*T*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
-    "dSmix = -n*R*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is %4.3e J'%dGmix\n",
-    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous'\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of mixing is %4.2f J/K'%dSmix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.3:pg-214"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total pressure of the vapor is 69.8 torr\n",
-      "Benzene fraction in vapor is 0.837 \n",
-      "Toulene fraction in vapor is 0.163 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
-    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "xb = nb/n\n",
-    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
-    "P = xb*P0b + xt*P0t\n",
-    "y = (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
-    "yt = 1.-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total pressure of the vapor is %4.1f torr'%P\n",
-    "print 'Benzene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%y\n",
-    "print 'Toulene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%yt"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.4:pg-215"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mass Balance: 6.75*x + 1.5*y - 5.0\n",
-      "Pressure and x: P - 67.5*x - 28.9\n",
-      "Pressure and y: y - 0.0148148148148148*(96.4*P - 2785.96)/P\n",
-      "Pressure is 66.8 torr\n",
-      "Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase 0.561\n",
-      "Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase 0.810\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, solve\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
-    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
-    "nv = 1.5       #moles vaporized, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "nl = n - nv\n",
-    "zb = nb/n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x,y, P = symbols('x y P')\n",
-    "e1 = nv*(y-zb)-nl*(zb-x)\n",
-    "print 'Mass Balance:', e1\n",
-    "e2 = P - (x*P0b + (1-x)*P0t)\n",
-    "print 'Pressure and x:',e2\n",
-    "e3 = y - (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
-    "print 'Pressure and y:', e3\n",
-    "equations = [e1,e2,e3]\n",
-    "sol = solve(equations)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "for i in sol:\n",
-    "    if ((i[x] > 0.0 and i[x] <1.0) and (i[P] > 0.0) and (i[y]>zb and i[y]<1.0)):\n",
-    "        print 'Pressure is %4.1f torr' %i[P]\n",
-    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase %4.3f' %i[x]\n",
-    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase %4.3f' %i[y]\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.6:pg-222"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Freezing point depression -3.94 K\n",
-      "Molecualr wt of solute 274.2 g/mol\n",
-      "Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of 0.980\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 4.50        #Mass of substance dissolved, g\n",
-    "ms = 125.0      #Mass of slovent (CCl4), g\n",
-    "TbE = 0.65      #Boiling point elevation, °C\n",
-    "Kf, Kb = 30.0, 4.95    #Constants for freezing point elevation \n",
-    "                        # and boiling point depression for CCl4, K kg/mol\n",
-    "Msolvent = 153.8  #Molecualr wt of solvent, g/mol\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DTf = -Kf*TbE/Kb\n",
-    "Msolute = Kb*m/(ms*1e-3*TbE)\n",
-    "nsolute = m/Msolute\n",
-    "nsolvent = ms/Msolvent \n",
-    "x = 1.0 -  nsolute/(nsolute + nsolvent)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Freezing point depression %5.2f K'%DTf\n",
-    "print 'Molecualr wt of solute %4.1f g/mol'%Msolute\n",
-    "print 'Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of %4.3f'%x"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.7:pg-223"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Osmotic pressure 12.23 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "csolute = 0.500 #Concentration of solute, g/L\n",
-    "R = 8.206e-2    #Gas constant L.atm/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298.15      #Temperature of the solution, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "pii = csolute*R*T\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Osmotic pressure %4.2f atm'%pii\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.8:pg-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity of CS2 0.6994 atm\n",
-      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 1.9971 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
-    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
-    "p0CS2 = 512.3   #Total pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alpha = pCS2/p0CS2\n",
-    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.9:pg-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity of CS2 0.1783 atm\n",
-      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 0.5090 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
-    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
-    "kHCS2 = 2010.   #Total pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alpha = pCS2/kHCS2\n",
-    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.10:pg-231"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Henrys constant = 143.38 torr\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "rho = 789.9     #Density of acetone, g/L\n",
-    "n = 1.0         #moles of acetone, mol\n",
-    "M = 58.08       #Molecular wt of acetone, g/mol\n",
-    "kHacetone = 1950 #Henrys law constant, torr\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "H = n*M*kHacetone/rho\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Henrys constant = %5.2f torr'%H"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.11:pg-232"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity coefficient = 0.969\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 0.5         #Mass of water, kg\n",
-    "ms = 24.0       #Mass of solute, g\n",
-    "Ms = 241.0      #Molecular wt of solute, g/mol\n",
-    "Tfd = 0.359     #Freezinf point depression, °C or K\n",
-    "kf = 1.86       #Constants for freezing point depression for water, K kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "msolute = ms/(Ms*m)\n",
-    "gama = Tfd/(kf*msolute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficient = %4.3f'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.12:pg-233"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are 2.46e-03,0.123 mol\n",
-      "Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure 2.981 L\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 70.0        #Mass of human body, kg\n",
-    "V = 5.00        #Volume of blood, L\n",
-    "HN2 = 9.04e4    #Henry law constant for N2 solubility in blood, bar\n",
-    "T = 298.0       #Temperature, K\n",
-    "rho = 1.00      #density of blood, kg/L\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02      #Molecualr wt of water, g/mol\n",
-    "X = 80          #Percent of N2 at sea level\n",
-    "p1, p2 = 1.0, 50.0  #Pressures, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nN21  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p1*X/100)/HN2\n",
-    "nN22  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p2*X/100)/HN2\n",
-    "V = (nN22-nN21)*R*T/p1\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are %3.2e,%3.3f mol'%(nN21,nN22)\n",
-    "print 'Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure %4.3f L'%V"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TyFMWWo.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TyFMWWo.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1fc19029..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TyFMWWo.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1. Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.1:pg-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Final Tyre pressure is 3.61e+05 Pa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "Pi = 3.21e5             #Recommended tyre pressure, Pa\n",
-    "Ti = -5.00              #Initial Tyre temperature, °C\n",
-    "Tf = 28.00              #Final Tyre temperature, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ti = 273.16 + Ti\n",
-    "Tf = 273.16 + Tf\n",
-    "pf = Pi*Tf/Ti           #Final tyre pressure, Pa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Final Tyre pressure is %6.2e Pa'%pf"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.2:pg-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Moles of He=0.121, Ne=0.303 and, Xe=0.040 in mol\n",
-      "Mole fraction of xHe=0.261, xNe=0.652 and, xXe=0.087\n",
-      "Final pressure is 1.917 bar\n",
-      "Partial pressure of pHe=0.500, pNe=1.250 and, pXe=0.167 in bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "phe = 1.5          #Pressure in Helium chamber, bar\n",
-    "vhe = 2.0          #Volume of Helium chamber, L\n",
-    "pne = 2.5          #Pressure in Neon chamber, bar\n",
-    "vne = 3.0          #Volume of Neon chamber, L\n",
-    "pxe = 1.0          #Pressure in Xenon chamber, bar\n",
-    "vxe = 1.0          #Volume of Xenon chamber, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "nhe = phe*vhe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Helium, mol\n",
-    "nne = pne*vne/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Neon, mol\n",
-    "nxe = pxe*vxe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Xenon, mol\n",
-    "n = nhe + nne + nxe            #Total number of moles, mol\n",
-    "V = vhe + vne + vxe            #Total volume of system, L\n",
-    "xhe = nhe/n\n",
-    "xne = nne/n\n",
-    "xxe = nxe/n\n",
-    "P = n*R*T/(V)\n",
-    "phe = P*xhe              #Partial pressure of Helium, bar\n",
-    "pne = P*xne              #Partial pressure of Neon, bar\n",
-    "pxe = P*xxe              #Partial pressure of Xenon, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Moles of He=%4.3f, Ne=%4.3f and, Xe=%4.3f in mol'%(nhe,nne,nxe) \n",
-    "print 'Mole fraction of xHe=%4.3f, xNe=%4.3f and, xXe=%4.3f'%(xhe,xne,xxe)\n",
-    "print 'Final pressure is %4.3f bar'%P\n",
-    "print 'Partial pressure of pHe=%4.3f, pNe=%4.3f and, pXe=%4.3f in bar'%(phe,pne,pxe)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.4:pg-12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 9.98e-02 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 9.98e-02 bar \n",
-      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 249.4 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 269.9 bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math \n",
-    "T = 300.0               #Nitrogen temperature, K\n",
-    "v1 = 250.00             #Molar volume, L\n",
-    "v2 = 0.1                #Molar volume, L\n",
-    "a = 1.37                #Van der Waals parameter a, bar.dm6/mol2 \n",
-    "b = 0.0387              #Van der Waals parameter b, dm3/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2            #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1 = n*R*T/v1           \n",
-    "p2 = n*R*T/v2\n",
-    "pv1 = n*R*T/(v1-n*b)- n**2*a/v1**2\n",
-    "pv2 = n*R*T/(v2-n*b)- n**2*a/v2**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.2e bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.2e bar '%(p1, pv1)\n",
-    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.1f bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.1f bar '%(p2, pv2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UE2LpyX.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UE2LpyX.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7d42ed97..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UE2LpyX.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 04: Thermochemistry"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.1:pg-72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds 927.0 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds 461.0 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "DH0_H2O = 241.8          #Std Enthalpy of reaxtion of Water Fomation backward rxn, kJ/mol\n",
-    "DH0_2H = 2*218.0         #Std Enthalpy of formation of Hydrogen atom, kJ/mol\n",
-    "DH0_O = 249.2            #Std Enthalpy of formation of Oxygen atom, kJ/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314                #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Dn = 2.0\n",
-    "T = 298.15               #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DH0_2HO = DH0_H2O + DH0_2H + DH0_O\n",
-    "DU0 = (DH0_2HO - Dn*R*T*1e-3)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DH0_2HO\n",
-    "print 'Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DU0"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.2:pg-74"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat of reaction for HCl formation is -95.1 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "a = ([29.064, 31.695, 28.165])             #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "b = ([-0.8363e-3, 10.143e-3, 1.809e-3])    #Constant 'b' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "c = ([20.111e-7, -40.373e-7, 15.464e-7])   #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "delHf0HCl = -92.3                          #Std. Heat of formation of HCl, kJ/mol\n",
-    "T1, T2 = 298.15, 1450                      #Std and final temperature, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "DA = a[2]-(a[0]+a[1])/2\n",
-    "DB = b[2]-(b[0]+b[1])/2\n",
-    "DC = c[2]-(c[0]+c[1])/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "expr = integrate( DA + DB*T + DC*T**2, (T,T1,T2))\n",
-    "DHR1450= expr/1000 + delHf0HCl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat of reaction for HCl formation is %4.1f kJ/mol'%DHR1450"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.3:pg-75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Calorimeter constant 7.59e+03 J/°C\n",
-      "Enthalpy of rection for benzene -3.26e+06 J/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ms1 = 0.972          #Mass of cyclohexane, g\n",
-    "DT1 = 2.98           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
-    "DUR1 = -3913e3       #Std Internal energy change, J/mol\n",
-    "mw = 1.812e3         #Mass of water, g\n",
-    "ms2 = 0.857          #Mass of benzene, g\n",
-    "Ms1 = 84.16\n",
-    "Ms2 = 78.12\n",
-    "DT2 = 2.36           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02\n",
-    "Cpw = 75.3 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ccal = ((-ms1/Ms1)*DUR1-(mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT1)/DT1\n",
-    "DUR2 = (-Ms2/ms2)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT2+Ccal*DT2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Calorimeter constant %4.2e J/°C'%Ccal\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of rection for benzene %4.2e J/mol'%DUR2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.4:pg-77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 -2.81e+03 J/mol\n",
-      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data -2.40e+00 J/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ms = 1.423           #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
-    "mw = 100.34          #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
-    "DT = 0.037           #Change in temperature for solution, K\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02           #Molecular wt of Water\n",
-    "Ms = 142.04          #Molecular wt of ms Na2SO4\n",
-    "Ccal = 342.5         #Calorimeter constant, J/K\n",
-    "#Data\n",
-    "DHfNa = -240.1\n",
-    "DHfSO4 = -909.3\n",
-    "DHfNa2SO4 = -1387.1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DHs = (-Ms/ms)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT+Ccal*DT)\n",
-    "DHsolD = 2*DHfNa + DHfSO4 - DHfNa2SO4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 %4.2e J/mol'%DHs\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data %4.2e J/mol'%DHsolD"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_URNYBHc.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_URNYBHc.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 504b170b..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_URNYBHc.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,468 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 09: Ideal and Real Solutions"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.2:pg-212"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is -1.371e+04 J\n",
-      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous\n",
-      "Entropy change of mixing is 45.99 J/K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "P = 1.0        #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "xb = nb/n\n",
-    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
-    "dGmix = n*R*T*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
-    "dSmix = -n*R*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is %4.3e J'%dGmix\n",
-    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous'\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of mixing is %4.2f J/K'%dSmix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.3:pg-214"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total pressure of the vapor is 69.8 torr\n",
-      "Benzene fraction in vapor is 0.837 \n",
-      "Toulene fraction in vapor is 0.163 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
-    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "xb = nb/n\n",
-    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
-    "P = xb*P0b + xt*P0t\n",
-    "y = (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
-    "yt = 1.-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total pressure of the vapor is %4.1f torr'%P\n",
-    "print 'Benzene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%y\n",
-    "print 'Toulene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%yt"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.4:pg-215"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mass Balance: 6.75*x + 1.5*y - 5.0\n",
-      "Pressure and x: P - 67.5*x - 28.9\n",
-      "Pressure and y: y - 0.0148148148148148*(96.4*P - 2785.96)/P\n",
-      "Pressure is 66.8 torr\n",
-      "Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase 0.561\n",
-      "Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase 0.810\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, solve\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
-    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
-    "nv = 1.5       #moles vaporized, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "nl = n - nv\n",
-    "zb = nb/n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x,y, P = symbols('x y P')\n",
-    "e1 = nv*(y-zb)-nl*(zb-x)\n",
-    "print 'Mass Balance:', e1\n",
-    "e2 = P - (x*P0b + (1-x)*P0t)\n",
-    "print 'Pressure and x:',e2\n",
-    "e3 = y - (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
-    "print 'Pressure and y:', e3\n",
-    "equations = [e1,e2,e3]\n",
-    "sol = solve(equations)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "for i in sol:\n",
-    "    if ((i[x] > 0.0 and i[x] <1.0) and (i[P] > 0.0) and (i[y]>zb and i[y]<1.0)):\n",
-    "        print 'Pressure is %4.1f torr' %i[P]\n",
-    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase %4.3f' %i[x]\n",
-    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase %4.3f' %i[y]\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.6:pg-222"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Freezing point depression -3.94 K\n",
-      "Molecualr wt of solute 274.2 g/mol\n",
-      "Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of 0.980\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 4.50        #Mass of substance dissolved, g\n",
-    "ms = 125.0      #Mass of slovent (CCl4), g\n",
-    "TbE = 0.65      #Boiling point elevation, °C\n",
-    "Kf, Kb = 30.0, 4.95    #Constants for freezing point elevation \n",
-    "                        # and boiling point depression for CCl4, K kg/mol\n",
-    "Msolvent = 153.8  #Molecualr wt of solvent, g/mol\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DTf = -Kf*TbE/Kb\n",
-    "Msolute = Kb*m/(ms*1e-3*TbE)\n",
-    "nsolute = m/Msolute\n",
-    "nsolvent = ms/Msolvent \n",
-    "x = 1.0 -  nsolute/(nsolute + nsolvent)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Freezing point depression %5.2f K'%DTf\n",
-    "print 'Molecualr wt of solute %4.1f g/mol'%Msolute\n",
-    "print 'Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of %4.3f'%x"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.7:pg-223"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Osmotic pressure 12.23 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "csolute = 0.500 #Concentration of solute, g/L\n",
-    "R = 8.206e-2    #Gas constant L.atm/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298.15      #Temperature of the solution, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "pii = csolute*R*T\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Osmotic pressure %4.2f atm'%pii\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.8:pg-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity of CS2 0.6994 atm\n",
-      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 1.9971 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
-    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
-    "p0CS2 = 512.3   #Total pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alpha = pCS2/p0CS2\n",
-    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.9:pg-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity of CS2 0.1783 atm\n",
-      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 0.5090 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
-    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
-    "kHCS2 = 2010.   #Total pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alpha = pCS2/kHCS2\n",
-    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.10:pg-231"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Henrys constant = 143.38 torr\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "rho = 789.9     #Density of acetone, g/L\n",
-    "n = 1.0         #moles of acetone, mol\n",
-    "M = 58.08       #Molecular wt of acetone, g/mol\n",
-    "kHacetone = 1950 #Henrys law constant, torr\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "H = n*M*kHacetone/rho\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Henrys constant = %5.2f torr'%H"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.11:pg-232"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity coefficient = 0.969\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 0.5         #Mass of water, kg\n",
-    "ms = 24.0       #Mass of solute, g\n",
-    "Ms = 241.0      #Molecular wt of solute, g/mol\n",
-    "Tfd = 0.359     #Freezinf point depression, °C or K\n",
-    "kf = 1.86       #Constants for freezing point depression for water, K kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "msolute = ms/(Ms*m)\n",
-    "gama = Tfd/(kf*msolute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficient = %4.3f'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.12:pg-233"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are 2.46e-03,0.123 mol\n",
-      "Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure 2.981 L\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 70.0        #Mass of human body, kg\n",
-    "V = 5.00        #Volume of blood, L\n",
-    "HN2 = 9.04e4    #Henry law constant for N2 solubility in blood, bar\n",
-    "T = 298.0       #Temperature, K\n",
-    "rho = 1.00      #density of blood, kg/L\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02      #Molecualr wt of water, g/mol\n",
-    "X = 80          #Percent of N2 at sea level\n",
-    "p1, p2 = 1.0, 50.0  #Pressures, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nN21  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p1*X/100)/HN2\n",
-    "nN22  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p2*X/100)/HN2\n",
-    "V = (nN22-nN21)*R*T/p1\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are %3.2e,%3.3f mol'%(nN21,nN22)\n",
-    "print 'Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure %4.3f L'%V"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UpRo20c.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UpRo20c.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 04d54ef7..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UpRo20c.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,418 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 02: Heat, Work, Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and The First Law of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.1:pg-20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Part a: Work done in expansion is  -16.2 kJ\n",
-      "Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is -1.73 J\n",
-      "Part c: Work done in paasing the cuurent through coil is 1.39 kJ\n",
-      "Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is -1.12 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math  #Part a\n",
-    "vi = 20.0             #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "vf = 85.0             #final volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "Pext = 2.5            #External Pressure against which work is done, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -Pext*1e5*(vf-vi)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part a: Work done in expansion is %6.1f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part b\n",
-    "ri = 1.00             #Initial diameter of bubble, cm\n",
-    "rf = 3.25             #final diameter of bubble, cm\n",
-    "sigm = 71.99          #Surface tension, N/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -2*sigm*4*math.pi*(rf**2-ri**2)*1e-4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is %4.2f J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part c\n",
-    "i = 3.20             #Current through heating coil, A \n",
-    "v = 14.5             #fVoltage applied across coil, volts\n",
-    "t = 30.0             #time for which current is applied,s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = v*i*t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part c: Work done in pasing the cuurent through coil is %4.2f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "k = 100.0             #Constant in F = -kx, N/cm \n",
-    "dl = -0.15            #stretch , cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -k*(dl**2-0)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is %4.2f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.2:pg-22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat added to the water 24.00 kJ\n",
-      "Work done in vaporizing liquid is -1703.84 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math   \n",
-    "m = 100.0            #Mass of water, g \n",
-    "T = 100.0            #Temperature of water, °C\n",
-    "Pext = 1.0           #External Pressure on assembly, bar\n",
-    "x = 10.0             #percent of water vaporised at 1 bar,-\n",
-    "i = 2.00             #current through heating coil, A\n",
-    "v = 12.0             #Voltage applied, v\n",
-    "t = 1.0e3            #time for which current applied, s \n",
-    "rhol = 997           #Density of liquid, kg/m3\n",
-    "rhog = 0.59          #Density of vapor, kg/m3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "q = i*v*t\n",
-    "vi = m/(rhol*100)*1e-3\n",
-    "vf = m*(100-x)*1e-3/(rhol*100) + m*x*1e-3/(rhog*100)\n",
-    "w = -Pext*(vf-vi)*1e5\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat added to the water %4.2f kJ'%(q/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Work done in vaporizing liquid is %4.2f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.3:pg-27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat removed by water at constant pressure 89.03 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "m = 1.5              #mass of water in surrounding, kg \n",
-    "dT = 14.2            #Change in temperature of water, °C or K\n",
-    "cp = 4.18            #Specific heat of water at constant pressure, J/(g.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qp = m*cp*dT\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat removed by water at constant pressure %4.2f kJ'%qp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.4:pg-32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For reverssible Isothermal expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -1.93e+02 J\n",
-      "For Single step reverssible expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -9.22e+03 J\n",
-      "For Two step reverssible expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -1.29e+04 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math \n",
-    "n = 2.0          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#For reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
-    "Pi1 = 25.0       #Initial Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
-    "Vi1 = 4.50       #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "Pf1 = 4.50       #Fianl Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
-    "Pext = 4.50      #External pressure, bar \n",
-    "Pint = 11.0      #Intermediate pressure, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
-    "T1 = Pi1*Vi1/(n*R)\n",
-    "Vf1 = n*R*T1/Pf1\n",
-    "w = -n*R*T1*log(Vf1/Vi1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For reverssible Isothermal expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions Single step irreverssible expansion \n",
-    "\n",
-    "w = -Pext*1e5*(Vf1-Vi1)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Single step reverssible expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions Two step irreverssible expansion \n",
-    "Vint = n*R*T1/(Pint)\n",
-    "w = -Pint*1e5*(Vint-Vi1)*1e-3 - Pf1*1e5*(Vf1-Vint)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Two step reverssible expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.5:pg-37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For Path       q         w           DU            DH         \n",
-      "1-2       139463.96  -39840.00    99623.96     139463.96\n",
-      "2-3       -99623.96       0.00   -99623.96    -139463.96\n",
-      "3-1        -5343.33    5343.33        0.00          0.00\n",
-      "Overall    34496.67  -34496.67        0.00          0.00\n",
-      "all values are in J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 0.08314      #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
-    "cvm = 20.79      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 1, bar\n",
-    "v1 = 1.00       #Volume at point 1, L\n",
-    "p2 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 2, bar\n",
-    "v2 = 25.0       #Volume at point 2, L \n",
-    "v3 = 25.0       #Volume at point 3, L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T1 = p1*v1/(n*R)\n",
-    "T2 = p2*v2/(n*R)\n",
-    "T3 = T1         #from problem statement\n",
-    "        #for path 1-2\n",
-    "DU12 = n*cvm*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "w12 = -p1*1e5*(v2-v1)*1e-3\n",
-    "q12 = DU12 - w12\n",
-    "DH12 = DU12 + n*R*(T2-T1)*1e2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "        #for path 2-3\n",
-    "w23 = 0.0\n",
-    "DU23 = q23 = n*cvm*(T3-T2)\n",
-    "DH23 = -DH12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "        #for path 3-1\n",
-    "DU31 = 0.0       #Isothemal process\n",
-    "DH31 = 0.0\n",
-    "w31 = -n*R*1e2*T1*log(v1/v3)\n",
-    "q31 = -w31\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DU = DU12+DU23+DU31\n",
-    "w = w12+w23+w31\n",
-    "q = q12+q23+q31\n",
-    "DH = DH12+DH23+DH31\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Path       q         w           DU            DH         '\n",
-    "print '1-2       %7.2f  %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f'%(q12,w12,DU12,DH12)\n",
-    "print '2-3       %7.2f    %7.2f   %7.2f    %7.2f'%(q23,w23,DU23,DH23)\n",
-    "print '3-1        %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q31,w31,DU31,DH31)\n",
-    "print 'Overall    %7.2f  %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q,w,DU,DH)\n",
-    "print 'all values are in J'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.6:pg-38"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is 268.5 K\n",
-      "The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is -2937.0 J\n",
-      "The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n",
-      "The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "cvm = 12.47      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pext = 1.00      #External Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Ti = 325.        #Initial Temeprature, K\n",
-    "pi = 2.50        #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "pf = 1.25        #Final pressure, bar \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations  Adiabatic process q = 0; DU = w\n",
-    "q = 0.0     \n",
-    "Tf = Ti*(cvm + R*pext/pi)/(cvm + R*pext/pf )\n",
-    "DU = w = n*cvm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "DH = DU + n*R*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
-    "print 'The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DH\n",
-    "print 'The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DU\n",
-    "print 'The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%w\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.7:pg-40"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Final temperature of cloud 265.2 K\n",
-      "You can expect cloud\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, exp\n",
-    "  #Part d\n",
-    "h1 = 1000.0          #initial Altitude of cloud, m \n",
-    "hf = 3500.0          #Final Altitude of cloud, m \n",
-    "p1 = 0.802           #Pressure at h1, atm \n",
-    "pf = 0.602           #Pressure at hf, atm\n",
-    "T1 = 288.0           #Initial temperature of cloud, K\n",
-    "cp = 28.86           #Specific heat of air, J/mol.K\n",
-    "R = 8.314            #Gas constant, J/mol.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Tf = exp(-(cp/(cp-R)-1)/(cp/(cp-R))*log(p1/pf))*T1\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Final temperature of cloud %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
-    "if Tf < 273:\n",
-    "    print 'You can expect cloud'\n",
-    "else:\n",
-    "    print 'You can not expect cloud'"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_WJvqX73.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_WJvqX73.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1fc19029..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_WJvqX73.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1. Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.1:pg-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Final Tyre pressure is 3.61e+05 Pa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "Pi = 3.21e5             #Recommended tyre pressure, Pa\n",
-    "Ti = -5.00              #Initial Tyre temperature, °C\n",
-    "Tf = 28.00              #Final Tyre temperature, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ti = 273.16 + Ti\n",
-    "Tf = 273.16 + Tf\n",
-    "pf = Pi*Tf/Ti           #Final tyre pressure, Pa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Final Tyre pressure is %6.2e Pa'%pf"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.2:pg-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Moles of He=0.121, Ne=0.303 and, Xe=0.040 in mol\n",
-      "Mole fraction of xHe=0.261, xNe=0.652 and, xXe=0.087\n",
-      "Final pressure is 1.917 bar\n",
-      "Partial pressure of pHe=0.500, pNe=1.250 and, pXe=0.167 in bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "phe = 1.5          #Pressure in Helium chamber, bar\n",
-    "vhe = 2.0          #Volume of Helium chamber, L\n",
-    "pne = 2.5          #Pressure in Neon chamber, bar\n",
-    "vne = 3.0          #Volume of Neon chamber, L\n",
-    "pxe = 1.0          #Pressure in Xenon chamber, bar\n",
-    "vxe = 1.0          #Volume of Xenon chamber, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "nhe = phe*vhe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Helium, mol\n",
-    "nne = pne*vne/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Neon, mol\n",
-    "nxe = pxe*vxe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Xenon, mol\n",
-    "n = nhe + nne + nxe            #Total number of moles, mol\n",
-    "V = vhe + vne + vxe            #Total volume of system, L\n",
-    "xhe = nhe/n\n",
-    "xne = nne/n\n",
-    "xxe = nxe/n\n",
-    "P = n*R*T/(V)\n",
-    "phe = P*xhe              #Partial pressure of Helium, bar\n",
-    "pne = P*xne              #Partial pressure of Neon, bar\n",
-    "pxe = P*xxe              #Partial pressure of Xenon, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Moles of He=%4.3f, Ne=%4.3f and, Xe=%4.3f in mol'%(nhe,nne,nxe) \n",
-    "print 'Mole fraction of xHe=%4.3f, xNe=%4.3f and, xXe=%4.3f'%(xhe,xne,xxe)\n",
-    "print 'Final pressure is %4.3f bar'%P\n",
-    "print 'Partial pressure of pHe=%4.3f, pNe=%4.3f and, pXe=%4.3f in bar'%(phe,pne,pxe)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.4:pg-12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 9.98e-02 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 9.98e-02 bar \n",
-      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 249.4 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 269.9 bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math \n",
-    "T = 300.0               #Nitrogen temperature, K\n",
-    "v1 = 250.00             #Molar volume, L\n",
-    "v2 = 0.1                #Molar volume, L\n",
-    "a = 1.37                #Van der Waals parameter a, bar.dm6/mol2 \n",
-    "b = 0.0387              #Van der Waals parameter b, dm3/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2            #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1 = n*R*T/v1           \n",
-    "p2 = n*R*T/v2\n",
-    "pv1 = n*R*T/(v1-n*b)- n**2*a/v1**2\n",
-    "pv2 = n*R*T/(v2-n*b)- n**2*a/v2**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.2e bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.2e bar '%(p1, pv1)\n",
-    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.1f bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.1f bar '%(p2, pv2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_XbL429a.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_XbL429a.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 04d54ef7..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_XbL429a.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,418 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 02: Heat, Work, Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and The First Law of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.1:pg-20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Part a: Work done in expansion is  -16.2 kJ\n",
-      "Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is -1.73 J\n",
-      "Part c: Work done in paasing the cuurent through coil is 1.39 kJ\n",
-      "Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is -1.12 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math  #Part a\n",
-    "vi = 20.0             #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "vf = 85.0             #final volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "Pext = 2.5            #External Pressure against which work is done, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -Pext*1e5*(vf-vi)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part a: Work done in expansion is %6.1f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part b\n",
-    "ri = 1.00             #Initial diameter of bubble, cm\n",
-    "rf = 3.25             #final diameter of bubble, cm\n",
-    "sigm = 71.99          #Surface tension, N/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -2*sigm*4*math.pi*(rf**2-ri**2)*1e-4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is %4.2f J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part c\n",
-    "i = 3.20             #Current through heating coil, A \n",
-    "v = 14.5             #fVoltage applied across coil, volts\n",
-    "t = 30.0             #time for which current is applied,s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = v*i*t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part c: Work done in pasing the cuurent through coil is %4.2f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "k = 100.0             #Constant in F = -kx, N/cm \n",
-    "dl = -0.15            #stretch , cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -k*(dl**2-0)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is %4.2f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.2:pg-22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat added to the water 24.00 kJ\n",
-      "Work done in vaporizing liquid is -1703.84 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math   \n",
-    "m = 100.0            #Mass of water, g \n",
-    "T = 100.0            #Temperature of water, °C\n",
-    "Pext = 1.0           #External Pressure on assembly, bar\n",
-    "x = 10.0             #percent of water vaporised at 1 bar,-\n",
-    "i = 2.00             #current through heating coil, A\n",
-    "v = 12.0             #Voltage applied, v\n",
-    "t = 1.0e3            #time for which current applied, s \n",
-    "rhol = 997           #Density of liquid, kg/m3\n",
-    "rhog = 0.59          #Density of vapor, kg/m3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "q = i*v*t\n",
-    "vi = m/(rhol*100)*1e-3\n",
-    "vf = m*(100-x)*1e-3/(rhol*100) + m*x*1e-3/(rhog*100)\n",
-    "w = -Pext*(vf-vi)*1e5\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat added to the water %4.2f kJ'%(q/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Work done in vaporizing liquid is %4.2f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.3:pg-27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat removed by water at constant pressure 89.03 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "m = 1.5              #mass of water in surrounding, kg \n",
-    "dT = 14.2            #Change in temperature of water, °C or K\n",
-    "cp = 4.18            #Specific heat of water at constant pressure, J/(g.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qp = m*cp*dT\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat removed by water at constant pressure %4.2f kJ'%qp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.4:pg-32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For reverssible Isothermal expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -1.93e+02 J\n",
-      "For Single step reverssible expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -9.22e+03 J\n",
-      "For Two step reverssible expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -1.29e+04 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math \n",
-    "n = 2.0          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#For reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
-    "Pi1 = 25.0       #Initial Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
-    "Vi1 = 4.50       #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "Pf1 = 4.50       #Fianl Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
-    "Pext = 4.50      #External pressure, bar \n",
-    "Pint = 11.0      #Intermediate pressure, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
-    "T1 = Pi1*Vi1/(n*R)\n",
-    "Vf1 = n*R*T1/Pf1\n",
-    "w = -n*R*T1*log(Vf1/Vi1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For reverssible Isothermal expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions Single step irreverssible expansion \n",
-    "\n",
-    "w = -Pext*1e5*(Vf1-Vi1)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Single step reverssible expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions Two step irreverssible expansion \n",
-    "Vint = n*R*T1/(Pint)\n",
-    "w = -Pint*1e5*(Vint-Vi1)*1e-3 - Pf1*1e5*(Vf1-Vint)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Two step reverssible expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.5:pg-37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For Path       q         w           DU            DH         \n",
-      "1-2       139463.96  -39840.00    99623.96     139463.96\n",
-      "2-3       -99623.96       0.00   -99623.96    -139463.96\n",
-      "3-1        -5343.33    5343.33        0.00          0.00\n",
-      "Overall    34496.67  -34496.67        0.00          0.00\n",
-      "all values are in J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 0.08314      #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
-    "cvm = 20.79      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 1, bar\n",
-    "v1 = 1.00       #Volume at point 1, L\n",
-    "p2 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 2, bar\n",
-    "v2 = 25.0       #Volume at point 2, L \n",
-    "v3 = 25.0       #Volume at point 3, L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T1 = p1*v1/(n*R)\n",
-    "T2 = p2*v2/(n*R)\n",
-    "T3 = T1         #from problem statement\n",
-    "        #for path 1-2\n",
-    "DU12 = n*cvm*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "w12 = -p1*1e5*(v2-v1)*1e-3\n",
-    "q12 = DU12 - w12\n",
-    "DH12 = DU12 + n*R*(T2-T1)*1e2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "        #for path 2-3\n",
-    "w23 = 0.0\n",
-    "DU23 = q23 = n*cvm*(T3-T2)\n",
-    "DH23 = -DH12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "        #for path 3-1\n",
-    "DU31 = 0.0       #Isothemal process\n",
-    "DH31 = 0.0\n",
-    "w31 = -n*R*1e2*T1*log(v1/v3)\n",
-    "q31 = -w31\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DU = DU12+DU23+DU31\n",
-    "w = w12+w23+w31\n",
-    "q = q12+q23+q31\n",
-    "DH = DH12+DH23+DH31\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Path       q         w           DU            DH         '\n",
-    "print '1-2       %7.2f  %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f'%(q12,w12,DU12,DH12)\n",
-    "print '2-3       %7.2f    %7.2f   %7.2f    %7.2f'%(q23,w23,DU23,DH23)\n",
-    "print '3-1        %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q31,w31,DU31,DH31)\n",
-    "print 'Overall    %7.2f  %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q,w,DU,DH)\n",
-    "print 'all values are in J'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.6:pg-38"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is 268.5 K\n",
-      "The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is -2937.0 J\n",
-      "The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n",
-      "The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "cvm = 12.47      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pext = 1.00      #External Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Ti = 325.        #Initial Temeprature, K\n",
-    "pi = 2.50        #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "pf = 1.25        #Final pressure, bar \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations  Adiabatic process q = 0; DU = w\n",
-    "q = 0.0     \n",
-    "Tf = Ti*(cvm + R*pext/pi)/(cvm + R*pext/pf )\n",
-    "DU = w = n*cvm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "DH = DU + n*R*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
-    "print 'The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DH\n",
-    "print 'The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DU\n",
-    "print 'The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%w\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.7:pg-40"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Final temperature of cloud 265.2 K\n",
-      "You can expect cloud\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, exp\n",
-    "  #Part d\n",
-    "h1 = 1000.0          #initial Altitude of cloud, m \n",
-    "hf = 3500.0          #Final Altitude of cloud, m \n",
-    "p1 = 0.802           #Pressure at h1, atm \n",
-    "pf = 0.602           #Pressure at hf, atm\n",
-    "T1 = 288.0           #Initial temperature of cloud, K\n",
-    "cp = 28.86           #Specific heat of air, J/mol.K\n",
-    "R = 8.314            #Gas constant, J/mol.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Tf = exp(-(cp/(cp-R)-1)/(cp/(cp-R))*log(p1/pf))*T1\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Final temperature of cloud %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
-    "if Tf < 273:\n",
-    "    print 'You can expect cloud'\n",
-    "else:\n",
-    "    print 'You can not expect cloud'"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Xc77DNt.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Xc77DNt.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 81a699eb..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Xc77DNt.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,356 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 19: Complex Reaction Mechanism "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.1:pg-511"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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2eS/pVklLJU0vaNtO0lhJcyQ9Kmnbgq9dLmmupNmS+ha095I0XdILkkYWtLeT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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9aa4048>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Km and k2 are 10.0 mM and 1.1e+05 s-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Ce = 2.3e-9        #Initial value of enzyme concentration, M\n",
-    "r = array([2.78e-5,5.e-5,8.33e-5,1.67e-4])\n",
-    "CCO2 = array([1.25e-3,2.5e-3,5.e-3,20.e-3])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "rinv = 1./r\n",
-    "CCO2inv = 1./CCO2\n",
-    "xlim(0,850)\n",
-    "ylim(0,38000)\n",
-    "xi = CCO2inv\n",
-    "A = array([ CCO2inv, ones(size(CCO2inv))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,rinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "slope = w[0]\n",
-    "intercept = w[1]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "line = w[0]*CCO2inv+w[1] # regression line\n",
-    "plot(CCO2inv,line,'r-',CCO2inv,rinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ {C_{CO}}_2, mM^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ Rate^{-1}, s/M^{-1} $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "rmax = 1./intercept\n",
-    "k2 = rmax/Ce\n",
-    "Km = slope*rmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Km and k2 are %4.1f mM and %3.1e s-1'%(Km*1e3,k2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.2:pg-517"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9acd4a8>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are 0.3449 torr.g/cm3 and 0.0293 g/cm3\n",
-      "K and Vm are 8.48e-02 Torr^-1 and 34.2 cm3/g\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vads = array([5.98,7.76,10.1,12.35,16.45,18.05,19.72,21.1])   #Adsorption data at 193.5K\n",
-    "P = array([2.45,3.5,5.2,7.2,11.2,12.8,14.6,16.1])             #Pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vinv = 1./Vads\n",
-    "Pinv =1./P\n",
-    "xlim(0,0.5)\n",
-    "ylim(0,0.2)\n",
-    "A = array([ Pinv, ones(size(Pinv))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Vinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "m = w[0]\n",
-    "c = w[1]\n",
-    "line = m*Pinv+c # regression line\n",
-    "plot(Pinv,line,'r-',Pinv,Vinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ 1/P, Torr^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ 1/V_{abs}, cm^{-1}g $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "Vm = 1./c\n",
-    "K = 1./(m*Vm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are %5.4f torr.g/cm3 and %5.4f g/cm3'%(m,c)\n",
-    "print 'K and Vm are %4.2e Torr^-1 and %3.1f cm3/g'%(K,Vm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.4:pg-533"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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qmUlEklQzk4gkqWYmEUlSzf4/9Fa7EFJttIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa641f28>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are kq = 3.1995e+09 per s and kf = 2.1545e+06 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "CBr = array([0.0005,0.001,0.002,0.003,0.005])                    #C6Br6 concentration, M\n",
-    "tf = array([2.66e-7,1.87e-7,1.17e-7,8.50e-8,5.51e-8])            #Fluroscence life time, s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Tfinv = 1./tf\n",
-    "xlim(0,0.006)\n",
-    "ylim(0,2.e7)\n",
-    "A = array([ CBr, ones(size(CBr))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[m,c] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Tfinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "\n",
-    "line = m*CBr+c # regression line\n",
-    "plot(CBr,line,'r-',CBr,Tfinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ Br_6C_6, M $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ tau_f $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are kq = %5.4e per s and kf = %5.4e per s'%(m,c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.5:pg-536"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation Distance at decreased efficiency 11.53\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from scipy.optimize import root\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "r = 11.          #Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
-    "r0 = 9.          #Initial Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
-    "EffD = 0.2      #Fraction decrease in eff\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Effi = r0**6/(r0**6+r**6)\n",
-    "Eff = Effi*(1-EffD)\n",
-    "f = lambda r: r0**6/(r0**6+r**6) - Eff\n",
-    "sol = root(f, 12)\n",
-    "rn = sol.x[0]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Separation Distance at decreased efficiency %4.2f'%rn"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.6:pg-538"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total photon energy absorbed by sample 2.7e+03 J\n",
-      "Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is 7.1e-19 J\n",
-      "Total number of photon absorbed by sample 3.8e+21 photones\n",
-      "Overall quantum yield 0.40\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "mr = 2.5e-3        #Moles reacted, mol\n",
-    "P = 100.0          #Irradiation Power, J/s\n",
-    "t = 27             #Time of irradiation, s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, Js\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #Speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "labda = 280e-9     #Wavelength of light, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Eabs = P*t\n",
-    "Eph = h*c/labda\n",
-    "nph = Eabs/Eph     #moles of photone\n",
-    "phi = mr/6.31e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total photon energy absorbed by sample %3.1e J'%Eabs\n",
-    "print 'Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is %3.1e J'%Eph\n",
-    "print 'Total number of photon absorbed by sample %3.1e photones'%nph\n",
-    "print 'Overall quantum yield %4.2f'%phi"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.7:pg-542"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "DGS = 0.111 eV\n",
-      "Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer 2.66e+07 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "r = 2.0e9          #Rate constant for electron transfer, per s\n",
-    "labda = 1.2        #Gibss energy change, eV\n",
-    "DG = -1.93         #Gibss energy change for 2-naphthoquinoyl, eV\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DGS = (DG+labda)**2/(4*labda)\n",
-    "k193 = r*exp(-DGS*1.6e-19/(k*T))\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'DGS = %5.3f eV'%DGS\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer %3.2e per s'%k193"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2GPb6S.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2GPb6S.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f1b328b..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2GPb6S.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,314 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11: Electrochemical Cells, Batteries, and Fuel Cells"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.1:pg-265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The potential of H+/H2 half cell 0.0083 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "aH = 0.770        #Activity of \n",
-    "fH2 = 1.13        #Fugacity of Hydrogen gas\n",
-    "E0 = 0.0          #Std. electrode potential, V\n",
-    "n = 1.0           #Number of electrons transfered\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "E = E0 - (0.05916/n)*log(aH/sqrt(fH2),10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The potential of H+/H2 half cell %5.4f V'%E"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.2:pg-266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "0.689 1.019\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E0r1 = -0.877       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)                   \n",
-    "E0r2 = -1.660       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)\n",
-    "E0r3 = +0.071       #Std Electrod potential for Rx3 : AgBr (s) + e- ------> Ag(s) +Br- (aq.)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "#3Fe(OH)2 (s)+ 2Al (s)  <---------> 3Fe (s)  + 6(OH-) + 2Al3+\n",
-    "E0a = 3*E0r1 + (-2)*E0r2\n",
-    "#Fe (s) + 2OH- +   2AgBr (s) -------> Fe(OH)2 (s)  + 2Ag(s) +  2Br- (aq.)\n",
-    "E0b = -E0r1 + (2)*E0r3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print '%5.3f %5.3f'%(E0a,E0b)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.3:pg-267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E0 for overall reaction is -0.041 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E01 = 0.771      #Rx1 : Fe3+ + e- -----> Fe2+\n",
-    "E02 = -0.447     #Rx2 : Fe2+ + 2e- -----> Fe\n",
-    "F = 96485        #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n1,n2,n3 = 1.,2.,3.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dG01 = -n1*F*E01\n",
-    "dG02 = -n2*F*E02\n",
-    "                #For overall reaction\n",
-    "dG0 = dG01 + dG02\n",
-    "E0Fe3byFe = -dG0/(n3*F)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'E0 for overall reaction is %5.3f V'%(E0Fe3byFe)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.4:pg-268"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is -2.32e+02 and\n",
-      "Std entropy values is -2.41e+02 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E01 = +1.36             #Std. electrode potential for Cl2/Cl\n",
-    "dE0bydT = -1.20e-3      #V/K\n",
-    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "S0H = 0.0               #Std. entropy J/(K.mol) for H+ ,Cl-,H2, Cl2 \n",
-    "S0Cl = 56.5\n",
-    "S0H2 = 130.7\n",
-    "S0Cl2 = 223.1\n",
-    "nH, nCl, nH2, nCl2 = 2, 2, -1,-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dS01 = n*F*dE0bydT\n",
-    "dS02 =nH*S0H + nCl*S0Cl + nH2*S0H2 + nCl2*S0Cl2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is %4.2e and\\nStd entropy values is %4.2e V'%(dS01,dS02)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.5:pg-269"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.55e+37\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E0 = +1.10              #Std. electrode potential for Danniel cell, V\n",
-    "                        #Zn(s) + Cu++ ----->  Zn2+   +  Cu\n",
-    "T = 298.15              #V/K\n",
-    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "R = 8.314               #Gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "K = exp(n*F*E0/(R*T))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(K)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.6:pg-269"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.57e-10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E = +0.29               #Cell emf, V\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ksp = 10**(-n*E/0.05916)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(Ksp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.8:pg-272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are 2.27 V, 0.71 V, and -0.18 V\n",
-      "Zn has positive cell potential of 2.272 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n",
-      "Ag has positive cell potential of 0.710 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E = +1.51               #EMF for reduction of permangnet, V\n",
-    "E01 = -0.7618           #Zn2+  + 2e-  -------->  Zn (s)\n",
-    "E02 = +0.7996           #Ag+  + e-  -------->  Ag (s)\n",
-    "E03 = +1.6920           #Au+  + e-  -------->  Au (s)        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "EZn = E - E01\n",
-    "EAg = E - E02\n",
-    "EAu = E - E03\n",
-    "animals = {\"parrot\": 2, \"fish\": 6}\n",
-    "Er = {\"Zn\":EZn,\"Ag\":EAg,\"Au\":EAu}\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are %4.2f V, %4.2f V, and %4.2f V'%(EZn, EAg,EAu)\n",
-    "for i in Er:\n",
-    "    if Er[i] >0.0:\n",
-    "        print '%s has positive cell potential of %4.3f V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion' %(i,Er[i])\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2ay0Yh.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2ay0Yh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 382b0ea4..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2ay0Yh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,508 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 14: Ensemble and Molecular Partition Function"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.1:pg-344"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Difference in energy levels is 3.10e-38 J or 1.56e-15 1/cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "l = 0.01           #Box length, m \n",
-    "n1,n2 = 2,1        #Energy levels states\n",
-    "m = 5.31e-26       #mass of oxygen molecule, kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "dE = (n1+n2)*h**2/(8*m*l**2)\n",
-    "dEcm = dE/(h*c*1e2)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Difference in energy levels is %3.2e J or %3.2e 1/cm'%(dE,dEcm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.2:pg-345"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave length is 1.60e-11 m and\n",
-      "Translational partition function is 2.44e+29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "v = 1.0            #Volume, L\n",
-    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature of Ar, K\n",
-    "m = 6.63e-26       #Mass of Argon molecule, kg \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "GAMA = h/sqrt(2*pi*m*k*T)\n",
-    "v = v*1e-3\n",
-    "qT3D = v/GAMA**3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave length is %3.2e m and\\nTranslational partition function is %3.2e'%(GAMA,qT3D)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.4:pg-350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Spectrum will be observed at  494 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "J = 4              #Rotational energy level\n",
-    "B = 8.46           #Spectrum, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "T = (2*J+1)**2*h*c*100*B/(2*k)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Spectrum will be observed at %4.0f K'%(T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.5:pg-352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function of H2 at 1000 is 5.729\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B = 60.589         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 1000           #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "qR = k*T/(2*h*c*100*B)\n",
-    "qRs = 0.0\n",
-    "#for J in range(101):\n",
-    "#    print J\n",
-    "#    if (J%2 == 0):\n",
-    "#        qRs = qRs + (2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T)\n",
-    "#    else:\n",
-    "#        qRs = qRs + 3*(2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T))\n",
-    "#print qRs/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.6:pg-353"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function of H2 at  100 K is 928.121\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "B = 0.0374         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 100.0          #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "sigma = 2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "ThetaR = h*c*100*B/k\n",
-    "qR = T/(sigma*ThetaR)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f K is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.7:pg-354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at  298 K are  140, 16926, and  712 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "Ba = 1.48                        #Spectrum for OCS, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Spectrum for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Spectrum for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 298.0                        #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "sigmab = 1\n",
-    "sigmac = 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qRa = k*T/(h*c*100*Ba)\n",
-    "qRb = (sqrt(pi)/sigmab)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bb[0])*sqrt(1/Bb[1])*sqrt(1/Bb[2])\n",
-    "qRc = (sqrt(pi)/sigmac)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bc[0])*sqrt(1/Bc[1])*sqrt(1/Bc[2])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at %4.0f K are %4.0f, %4.0f, and %4.0f respectively'%(T,qRa,qRb,qRc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.8:pg-356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Vibrational partition function for I2 at  298 and 1000 are 1.58 K and 3.86 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ba = 1.48                        #Frequency for OCS, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Frequency for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Frequency for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
-    "T298 = 298.0                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "T1000 = 1000                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "nubar  =  208\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qv298 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T298)))\n",
-    "qv1000 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T1000)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Vibrational partition function for I2 at %4d and %4d are %4.2f K and %4.2f respectively'%(T298, T1000,qv298, qv1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.9:pg-357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At  450 1/cm the q = 1.128\n",
-      "At  945 1/cm the q = 1.010\n",
-      "At 1100 1/cm the q = 1.005\n",
-      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 298.0 K is 1.146 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = [450, 945, 1100]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for OClO, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Qv = 1.\n",
-    "for i in nubar:\n",
-    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
-    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
-    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.10:pg-359"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Vibrational partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 10.508\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = 917        #Vibrational mode frequencies for F2, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "ThetaV = h*c*100*nubar/k\n",
-    "Th = 10*ThetaV\n",
-    "qv = 1/(1.-exp(-ThetaV/Th))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Vibrational partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.11:pg-360"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At 1388 1/cm the q = 1.157\n",
-      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
-      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
-      "At 2349 1/cm the q = 1.035\n",
-      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 1000.0 K is 3.139\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 1000           #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = [1388, 667.4,667.4,2349]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for CO2, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Qv = 1.\n",
-    "for i in nubar:\n",
-    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
-    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
-    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.12:pg-363"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electronic partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 9.45\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 298.           #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "n = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]   #Energy levels\n",
-    "E0 = [0,137.38,323.46,552.96,2112.28,2153.21,2220.11,2311.36,2424.78]      #Energies, 1/cm\n",
-    "g0 = [4,6,8,10,2,4,6,8,10]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qE = 0.0\n",
-    "for i in range(9):\n",
-    "    a =g0[i]*exp(-h*c*100*E0[i]/(k*T))\n",
-    "    qE = qE + a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Electronic partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.2f'%(T, qE)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_YCfgqux.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_YCfgqux.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f1b328b..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_YCfgqux.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,314 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11: Electrochemical Cells, Batteries, and Fuel Cells"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.1:pg-265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The potential of H+/H2 half cell 0.0083 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "aH = 0.770        #Activity of \n",
-    "fH2 = 1.13        #Fugacity of Hydrogen gas\n",
-    "E0 = 0.0          #Std. electrode potential, V\n",
-    "n = 1.0           #Number of electrons transfered\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "E = E0 - (0.05916/n)*log(aH/sqrt(fH2),10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The potential of H+/H2 half cell %5.4f V'%E"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.2:pg-266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "0.689 1.019\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E0r1 = -0.877       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)                   \n",
-    "E0r2 = -1.660       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)\n",
-    "E0r3 = +0.071       #Std Electrod potential for Rx3 : AgBr (s) + e- ------> Ag(s) +Br- (aq.)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "#3Fe(OH)2 (s)+ 2Al (s)  <---------> 3Fe (s)  + 6(OH-) + 2Al3+\n",
-    "E0a = 3*E0r1 + (-2)*E0r2\n",
-    "#Fe (s) + 2OH- +   2AgBr (s) -------> Fe(OH)2 (s)  + 2Ag(s) +  2Br- (aq.)\n",
-    "E0b = -E0r1 + (2)*E0r3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print '%5.3f %5.3f'%(E0a,E0b)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.3:pg-267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E0 for overall reaction is -0.041 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E01 = 0.771      #Rx1 : Fe3+ + e- -----> Fe2+\n",
-    "E02 = -0.447     #Rx2 : Fe2+ + 2e- -----> Fe\n",
-    "F = 96485        #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n1,n2,n3 = 1.,2.,3.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dG01 = -n1*F*E01\n",
-    "dG02 = -n2*F*E02\n",
-    "                #For overall reaction\n",
-    "dG0 = dG01 + dG02\n",
-    "E0Fe3byFe = -dG0/(n3*F)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'E0 for overall reaction is %5.3f V'%(E0Fe3byFe)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.4:pg-268"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is -2.32e+02 and\n",
-      "Std entropy values is -2.41e+02 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E01 = +1.36             #Std. electrode potential for Cl2/Cl\n",
-    "dE0bydT = -1.20e-3      #V/K\n",
-    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "S0H = 0.0               #Std. entropy J/(K.mol) for H+ ,Cl-,H2, Cl2 \n",
-    "S0Cl = 56.5\n",
-    "S0H2 = 130.7\n",
-    "S0Cl2 = 223.1\n",
-    "nH, nCl, nH2, nCl2 = 2, 2, -1,-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dS01 = n*F*dE0bydT\n",
-    "dS02 =nH*S0H + nCl*S0Cl + nH2*S0H2 + nCl2*S0Cl2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is %4.2e and\\nStd entropy values is %4.2e V'%(dS01,dS02)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.5:pg-269"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.55e+37\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E0 = +1.10              #Std. electrode potential for Danniel cell, V\n",
-    "                        #Zn(s) + Cu++ ----->  Zn2+   +  Cu\n",
-    "T = 298.15              #V/K\n",
-    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "R = 8.314               #Gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "K = exp(n*F*E0/(R*T))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(K)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.6:pg-269"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.57e-10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E = +0.29               #Cell emf, V\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ksp = 10**(-n*E/0.05916)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(Ksp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.8:pg-272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are 2.27 V, 0.71 V, and -0.18 V\n",
-      "Zn has positive cell potential of 2.272 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n",
-      "Ag has positive cell potential of 0.710 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E = +1.51               #EMF for reduction of permangnet, V\n",
-    "E01 = -0.7618           #Zn2+  + 2e-  -------->  Zn (s)\n",
-    "E02 = +0.7996           #Ag+  + e-  -------->  Ag (s)\n",
-    "E03 = +1.6920           #Au+  + e-  -------->  Au (s)        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "EZn = E - E01\n",
-    "EAg = E - E02\n",
-    "EAu = E - E03\n",
-    "animals = {\"parrot\": 2, \"fish\": 6}\n",
-    "Er = {\"Zn\":EZn,\"Ag\":EAg,\"Au\":EAu}\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are %4.2f V, %4.2f V, and %4.2f V'%(EZn, EAg,EAu)\n",
-    "for i in Er:\n",
-    "    if Er[i] >0.0:\n",
-    "        print '%s has positive cell potential of %4.3f V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion' %(i,Er[i])\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_cyWVjGT.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_cyWVjGT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 04d54ef7..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_cyWVjGT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,418 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 02: Heat, Work, Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and The First Law of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.1:pg-20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Part a: Work done in expansion is  -16.2 kJ\n",
-      "Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is -1.73 J\n",
-      "Part c: Work done in paasing the cuurent through coil is 1.39 kJ\n",
-      "Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is -1.12 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math  #Part a\n",
-    "vi = 20.0             #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "vf = 85.0             #final volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "Pext = 2.5            #External Pressure against which work is done, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -Pext*1e5*(vf-vi)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part a: Work done in expansion is %6.1f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part b\n",
-    "ri = 1.00             #Initial diameter of bubble, cm\n",
-    "rf = 3.25             #final diameter of bubble, cm\n",
-    "sigm = 71.99          #Surface tension, N/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -2*sigm*4*math.pi*(rf**2-ri**2)*1e-4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is %4.2f J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part c\n",
-    "i = 3.20             #Current through heating coil, A \n",
-    "v = 14.5             #fVoltage applied across coil, volts\n",
-    "t = 30.0             #time for which current is applied,s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = v*i*t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part c: Work done in pasing the cuurent through coil is %4.2f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "k = 100.0             #Constant in F = -kx, N/cm \n",
-    "dl = -0.15            #stretch , cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -k*(dl**2-0)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is %4.2f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.2:pg-22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat added to the water 24.00 kJ\n",
-      "Work done in vaporizing liquid is -1703.84 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math   \n",
-    "m = 100.0            #Mass of water, g \n",
-    "T = 100.0            #Temperature of water, °C\n",
-    "Pext = 1.0           #External Pressure on assembly, bar\n",
-    "x = 10.0             #percent of water vaporised at 1 bar,-\n",
-    "i = 2.00             #current through heating coil, A\n",
-    "v = 12.0             #Voltage applied, v\n",
-    "t = 1.0e3            #time for which current applied, s \n",
-    "rhol = 997           #Density of liquid, kg/m3\n",
-    "rhog = 0.59          #Density of vapor, kg/m3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "q = i*v*t\n",
-    "vi = m/(rhol*100)*1e-3\n",
-    "vf = m*(100-x)*1e-3/(rhol*100) + m*x*1e-3/(rhog*100)\n",
-    "w = -Pext*(vf-vi)*1e5\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat added to the water %4.2f kJ'%(q/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Work done in vaporizing liquid is %4.2f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.3:pg-27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat removed by water at constant pressure 89.03 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "m = 1.5              #mass of water in surrounding, kg \n",
-    "dT = 14.2            #Change in temperature of water, °C or K\n",
-    "cp = 4.18            #Specific heat of water at constant pressure, J/(g.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qp = m*cp*dT\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat removed by water at constant pressure %4.2f kJ'%qp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.4:pg-32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For reverssible Isothermal expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -1.93e+02 J\n",
-      "For Single step reverssible expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -9.22e+03 J\n",
-      "For Two step reverssible expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -1.29e+04 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math \n",
-    "n = 2.0          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#For reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
-    "Pi1 = 25.0       #Initial Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
-    "Vi1 = 4.50       #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "Pf1 = 4.50       #Fianl Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
-    "Pext = 4.50      #External pressure, bar \n",
-    "Pint = 11.0      #Intermediate pressure, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
-    "T1 = Pi1*Vi1/(n*R)\n",
-    "Vf1 = n*R*T1/Pf1\n",
-    "w = -n*R*T1*log(Vf1/Vi1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For reverssible Isothermal expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions Single step irreverssible expansion \n",
-    "\n",
-    "w = -Pext*1e5*(Vf1-Vi1)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Single step reverssible expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions Two step irreverssible expansion \n",
-    "Vint = n*R*T1/(Pint)\n",
-    "w = -Pint*1e5*(Vint-Vi1)*1e-3 - Pf1*1e5*(Vf1-Vint)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Two step reverssible expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.5:pg-37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For Path       q         w           DU            DH         \n",
-      "1-2       139463.96  -39840.00    99623.96     139463.96\n",
-      "2-3       -99623.96       0.00   -99623.96    -139463.96\n",
-      "3-1        -5343.33    5343.33        0.00          0.00\n",
-      "Overall    34496.67  -34496.67        0.00          0.00\n",
-      "all values are in J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 0.08314      #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
-    "cvm = 20.79      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 1, bar\n",
-    "v1 = 1.00       #Volume at point 1, L\n",
-    "p2 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 2, bar\n",
-    "v2 = 25.0       #Volume at point 2, L \n",
-    "v3 = 25.0       #Volume at point 3, L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T1 = p1*v1/(n*R)\n",
-    "T2 = p2*v2/(n*R)\n",
-    "T3 = T1         #from problem statement\n",
-    "        #for path 1-2\n",
-    "DU12 = n*cvm*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "w12 = -p1*1e5*(v2-v1)*1e-3\n",
-    "q12 = DU12 - w12\n",
-    "DH12 = DU12 + n*R*(T2-T1)*1e2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "        #for path 2-3\n",
-    "w23 = 0.0\n",
-    "DU23 = q23 = n*cvm*(T3-T2)\n",
-    "DH23 = -DH12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "        #for path 3-1\n",
-    "DU31 = 0.0       #Isothemal process\n",
-    "DH31 = 0.0\n",
-    "w31 = -n*R*1e2*T1*log(v1/v3)\n",
-    "q31 = -w31\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DU = DU12+DU23+DU31\n",
-    "w = w12+w23+w31\n",
-    "q = q12+q23+q31\n",
-    "DH = DH12+DH23+DH31\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Path       q         w           DU            DH         '\n",
-    "print '1-2       %7.2f  %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f'%(q12,w12,DU12,DH12)\n",
-    "print '2-3       %7.2f    %7.2f   %7.2f    %7.2f'%(q23,w23,DU23,DH23)\n",
-    "print '3-1        %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q31,w31,DU31,DH31)\n",
-    "print 'Overall    %7.2f  %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q,w,DU,DH)\n",
-    "print 'all values are in J'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.6:pg-38"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is 268.5 K\n",
-      "The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is -2937.0 J\n",
-      "The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n",
-      "The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "cvm = 12.47      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pext = 1.00      #External Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Ti = 325.        #Initial Temeprature, K\n",
-    "pi = 2.50        #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "pf = 1.25        #Final pressure, bar \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations  Adiabatic process q = 0; DU = w\n",
-    "q = 0.0     \n",
-    "Tf = Ti*(cvm + R*pext/pi)/(cvm + R*pext/pf )\n",
-    "DU = w = n*cvm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "DH = DU + n*R*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
-    "print 'The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DH\n",
-    "print 'The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DU\n",
-    "print 'The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%w\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.7:pg-40"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Final temperature of cloud 265.2 K\n",
-      "You can expect cloud\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, exp\n",
-    "  #Part d\n",
-    "h1 = 1000.0          #initial Altitude of cloud, m \n",
-    "hf = 3500.0          #Final Altitude of cloud, m \n",
-    "p1 = 0.802           #Pressure at h1, atm \n",
-    "pf = 0.602           #Pressure at hf, atm\n",
-    "T1 = 288.0           #Initial temperature of cloud, K\n",
-    "cp = 28.86           #Specific heat of air, J/mol.K\n",
-    "R = 8.314            #Gas constant, J/mol.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Tf = exp(-(cp/(cp-R)-1)/(cp/(cp-R))*log(p1/pf))*T1\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Final temperature of cloud %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
-    "if Tf < 273:\n",
-    "    print 'You can expect cloud'\n",
-    "else:\n",
-    "    print 'You can not expect cloud'"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dUCVVeV.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dUCVVeV.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 887d09f2..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dUCVVeV.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,419 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18: Elementary Chemical Kinetics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.2:pg-461"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 2.00\n",
-      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 1.00\n",
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.201e+08 1./(M.s)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ca0 = [2.3e-4,4.6e-4,9.2e-4]       #Initial Concentration of A, M\n",
-    "Cb0 = [3.1e-5,6.2e-5,6.2e-5]       #Initial Concentration of B, M\n",
-    "Ri  = [5.25e-4,4.2e-3,1.68e-2]     #Initial rate of reaction, M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alp = log(Ri[1]/Ri[2])/log(Ca0[1]/Ca0[2])\n",
-    "beta = (log(Ri[0]/Ri[1]) - 2*log((Ca0[0]/Ca0[1])))/(log(Cb0[0]/Cb0[1]))\n",
-    "k = Ri[2]/(Ca0[2]**2*Cb0[2]**beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%alp\n",
-    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%beta\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1./(M.s)'%k"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.3:pg-466"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.381e-05 1/s\n",
-      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 1.511e+04 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t1by2 = 2.05e4       #Half life for first order decomposition of N2O5, s\n",
-    "x = 60.              #percentage decay of N2O5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
-    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
-    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.4:pg-467 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 1.203e-04 1/s\n",
-      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 4.245e+03 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t1by2 = 5760       #Half life for C14, years\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
-    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
-    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.5:pg-472"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time required for maximum concentration of A: 13.86 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "kAbykI = 2.0       #Ratio of rate constants\n",
-    "kA = 0.1           #First order rate constant for rxn 1, 1/s \n",
-    "kI = 0.05          #First order rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "tmax = 1/(kA-kI)*log(kA/kI)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Time required for maximum concentration of A: %4.2f s'%tmax"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.7:pg-476"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: 6.67 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T = 22.0           #Temperature of the reaction,°C\n",
-    "k1 = 7.0e-4        #Rate constants for rxn 1, 1/s\n",
-    "k2 = 4.1e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
-    "k3 = 5.7e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 3, 1/s \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "phiP1 = k1/(k1+k2+k3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: %4.2f '%(phiP1*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.8:pg-477"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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x4M0FjBk/hkVLFtG2RVvNpis2SkYiImtHs+lERKTkKBmJiEh0SkYiIhKdkpGI\niESnZCQiItEpGYmISHRKRiIiEp2SkYiIRKdkJCIi0SkZiYhIdEpGIiISXVnsAOoys3uBLumPWwAf\nu3uvDG2bAC8C77j7sDyFKCIiWZa4npG7H+7uvdIJ6K/ApAaanwnMyU9kAlBdXR07hKKi65ldup6F\nK3HJqI5DgXvq+8LM2gFDgVvzGlGJ03/s2aXrmV26noUrscnIzAYA77n7/AxNrgLOBbQ2hIhIgYty\nz8jMqoBtam8iJJVfuftD6W1HkLlX9GPgfXefaWap9P4iIlKgErm4npk1BRYCvdx9UT3f/xY4ClgO\nbARsBkxy92MyHC95f6SISMKV/EqvZjYEON/d92lE272B0ZpNJyJSuJJ6z+gw6gzRmVkbM5scKR4R\nEcmhRPaMRESktCSyZ2RmQ8xsrpnNM7PzM7T5g5m9bmYzzaznmvY1s0vMbFa6/ePpqeGY2Q/N7MX0\nd9PMbJ9a+/Qys5fTx7o6l39zLiXoej6ZPtZLZjbDzFrl8u/OlTxfzz3S1+ul9PeH1dpHv8/sXs+C\n/33m81rW+n47M1tqZqNqbVv736a7J+pFSJBvANsDzYCZwE512uwHPJx+3xeYuqZ9gU1r7X86cEv6\nfQ+gdfp9N0I1h5Xtngf2SL//J7Bv7OtT4NfzSWC32NekwK7nhkCT9PvWwGKgqX6fObmeBf37zOO1\nvLXOMe8H7gNG1dq21r/NJPaM+gCvu/tb7v41cC8wvE6b4cAdAO7+PLC5mW3T0L7u/lmt/TcBPkxv\nn+Xu76XfzwY2NLNmZtYa2Mzdp6X3uQM4MPt/bs4l4nrWapvE39zayPf1/NLdV6S3bwR86u7f6PeZ\n3etZq20h/z7zdS0Xr/xgZsOB/wCza21bp99m4mrTAeXAf2t9fodwodbUpnxN+5rZpcAxwOeE/ytY\njZn9FJjh7l+bWXl6/7rnKDSJuJ61Nt9uZl8TpuJfutZ/TXx5v55m1ge4DegAHFnrHPp9Zu96rlTI\nv8+8Xksz2wQ4DxhMKEBQ+xxr/dss5P8LqK1Rc+Hd/SJ33w6YCKw2jmlm3YDfASdmP7yCk6vreaS7\ndwcGAAPM7KgsxZt063U93f0Fd98F2B24xsxa5CbMgpGt69mL1a9nKf4+1+daVgBXufvn2Qgkiclo\nIbBdrc/t0tvqttm2njaN2Rfgz0DvlR/SN+QmAUe7+5trOEehScr1xN3fTf/7f+l96v5fWyHI+/Vc\nyd3nAvPjsTZzAAADcUlEQVSBHRo4R6GJeT1fY9X1LIbfZ76vZV/gcjP7D3AWcKGZndLAORoW+6Zb\n3RfQlFU30poTbqR1rdNmKKtuwvVj1U24jPsCnWvtfzpwZ/r999LtDqwnlqmEH6QRbsINiX19CvV6\npo/VMv2+GeGm54mxr08BXM/2rLrBvj3wFtBCv8/sXs9i+H3m+1rWOe5YVp/AsNa/zegXMMNFHQK8\nBrwOXJDedlLtHwcwIX3xZhHKBmXcN739AeBl4CXC0hRbp7f/ClgKzEh/NwNolf5ud6AmfaxrYl+X\nQr6ewMaEtadmpq/pVaSfcyu0V56v51HAK+nr+Dy1ZiXp95m961ksv898Xss6562bjNb6t6mHXkVE\nJLok3jMSEZESo2QkIiLRKRmJiEh0SkYiIhKdkpGIiESnZCQiItEpGYmISHRKRiIiEp2SkUiWmVmZ\nme2Yx/MNM7M2+TqfSC4oGYmsAwvGZ/g6BXxjZjuY2SNmdqKZVZnZrWZ2koWVcL/z356ZjTazd83s\n6PTncjN71cxGNhDHNsCxNLL6skhSJXE9I5FEM7MtCAlgYIYmO7r742Z2KDDMw/pYBwOXu/s8M/vE\nVy3wVtt04FF3v9PMDOgP9HX3JZlicff3zWzm+v1FIvEpGYmsJXf/GLjKzA7I0GTlyqHzfNXCgl3c\nfV76/dwM+/UBnjez5sDBwF9r7Y+ZtQW6A07oCX3q7lNRr0iKgJKRSBalVxGdBuDuM9PbOhOqJJPe\nPivD7n2A6wmVkS/21VfIxd0XAYvqnG9roAswCLgrO3+FSP7pnpFIdu3u7tPrbOsDvNCIffcAWgIP\nEpY6WCN3/8DdR7i7EpEUNCUjkeyqb8isD2HtnMw7hYkIi9z9fsLCbsPT941ESoKSkci6Wy1ZpKdz\nv1ZPuz2o1TMys/b1tOlLWB0Td/+UsNDb4CzFKZJ4SkYia8nMNjGzs4CdzOwsM9s4/VUKqK7VroeZ\nnQPsChxsZlulJyE8Xud4/YFTgTZm1jZ9vI2BX5vZDrn/i0Ti00qvIlliZqe5+4RGtNvb3Z/KR0wi\nhUI9I5EsSFdAWNjI5hvkMhaRQqSekUgWpB9wnezun8eORaQQKRmJiEh0GqYTEZHolIxERCQ6JSMR\nEYlOyUhERKJTMhIRkeiUjEREJDolIxERiU7JSEREolMyEhGR6P4ffTyAN3dtCVsAAAAASUVORK5C\nYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9358710>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are, -6419.8 and 14.45\n",
-      "Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are 53.37 kJ/mol and 1.88e+06 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot, show, xlabel, ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T = array([22.7,27.2,33.7,38.0])\n",
-    "k1 = array([7.e-4,9.8e-4,1.6e-3,2.e-3])\n",
-    "R = 8.314 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = T +273.15\n",
-    "x = 1./T\n",
-    "y = log(k1)\n",
-    "A = array([ x, ones(size(x))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,y)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
-    "# plotting the line\n",
-    "line = slope*x+intercept # regression line\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "plot(x,line,'-',x,y,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ 1/T, K^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ log(k) $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "Ea = -slope*R\n",
-    "A = exp(intercept)\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are, %6.1f and %4.2f'%(slope, intercept)\n",
-    "print 'Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are %4.2f kJ/mol and %4.2e 1/s'%(Ea/1e3, A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.9:pg-482"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Forward Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n",
-      "Backward Rate constant is 4.34e+04 1/s\n",
-      "Apperent Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ea = 42.e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
-    "A  = 1.e12      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
-    "T = 298.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "Kc = 1.0e4      #Equilibrium constant for reaction\n",
-    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "kB = A*exp(-Ea/(R*T))\n",
-    "kA = kB*Kc\n",
-    "kApp = kA + kB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kA\n",
-    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kB\n",
-    "print 'Apperent Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kApp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.10:pg-492"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Estimated rate 6.4e+13 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of 4.0e+07 1/(M.s), \n",
-      "hence the reaction is not diffusion controlled\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Dh = 7.6e-7     #Diffusion coefficient of Hemoglobin, cm2/s\n",
-    "Do2 = 2.2e-5    #Diffusion coefficient of oxygen, cm2/s\n",
-    "rh = 35.        #Radius of Hemoglobin, °A\n",
-    "ro2 = 2.0       #Radius of Oxygen, °A\n",
-    "k = 4e7         #Rate constant for binding of O2 to Hemoglobin, 1/(M.s)\n",
-    "NA =6.022e23    #Avagadro Number\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DA = Dh + Do2\n",
-    "kd = 4*pi*NA*(rh+ro2)*1e-8*DA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Estimated rate %4.1e 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of %4.1e 1/(M.s), \\nhence the reaction is not diffusion controlled'%(kd,k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.11:pg-494"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Forward Rate constant is 9.90e+04 1/s\n",
-      "Backward Rate constant is -12.72 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, e\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ea = 104e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
-    "A  = 1.e13      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
-    "T = 300.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34   #Plnak constant, Js\n",
-    "c = 1.0         #Std. State concentration, M\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23    #,J/K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dH = Ea - 2*R*T\n",
-    "dS = R*log(A*h*c/(k*T*e**2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%dH\n",
-    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2f 1/s'%dS"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dr124eb.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dr124eb.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 076c1413..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dr124eb.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,700 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 06: Chemical Equilibrium"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.1:pg-126"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 -813.6 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 -5320.9 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298.15\n",
-    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
-    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
-    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dACH4 = dHcCH4*1e3 - dnCH4*R*T - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
-    "dAC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - dnC8H18*R*T - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dACH4/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dAC8H18/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.2:pg-128"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 -818.6 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 -5309.8 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298.15\n",
-    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
-    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
-    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGCH4 = dHcCH4*1e3  - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
-    "dGC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGCH4/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGC8H18/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.4:pg-133"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is 355.1 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGf298 = 370.7     #Std. free energy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHf298 = 416.3     #Std. Enthalpy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "T = 400.           #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGf = T*(dGf298*1e3/T0 + dHf298*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGf/1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.5:pg-137"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. free energy Change on mixing is -2.8e+04 J\n",
-      "Std. entropy Change on mixing is -93.3 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "nHe = 1.0          #Number of moles of He\n",
-    "nNe = 3.0          #Number of moles of Ne\n",
-    "nAr = 2.0          #Number of moles of Ar\n",
-    "nXe = 2.5          #Number of moles of Xe\n",
-    "T = 298.15         #Temperature in K\n",
-    "P = 1.0            #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nHe + nNe + nAr + nXe\n",
-    "dGmix = n*R*T*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
-    "dSmix = n*R*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. free energy Change on mixing is %3.1e J'%(dGmix)\n",
-    "print 'Std. entropy Change on mixing is %4.1f J'%(dSmix)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.6:pg-138"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 67.00 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGfFe  = 0.0       #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2O = -237.1     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfFe2O3 = -1015.4  #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nFe*dGfFe + nH2O*dGfH2O + nFe2O3*dGfFe2O3 + nH2*dGfH2  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(dGR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.7:pg-139"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat 525.0 is -24.80 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat 525.0 is  137 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "dGR  = 67.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for reaction, kJ, from previous problem\n",
-    "dHfFe  = 0.0       #Enthalpy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfH2O = -285.8    #Enthalpy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfFe2O3 = -1118.4 #Enthalpy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfH2 = 0.0        #Enthalpy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "T = 525.           #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dHR = nFe*dHfFe + nH2O*dHfH2O + nFe2O3*dHfFe2O3 + nH2*dHfH2  \n",
-    "dGR2 = T*(dGR*1e3/T0 + dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(T, dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.0f kJ/mol'%(T, dGR2/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.8:pg-140"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 1.337 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfNO2  = 51.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for NO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfN2O4 = 99.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for N2O4 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "pNO2 = 0.350       #Partial pressure of NO2, bar\n",
-    "pN2O4 = 0.650      #Partial pressure of N2O4, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nNO2, nN2O4 = -2, 1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of NO2 and N2O4 respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nN2O4*dGfN2O4*1e3 + nNO2*dGfNO2*1e3 + R*T0*log(pN2O4/(pNO2)**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.9:pg-141"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is -0.020 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 3323.254 \n",
-      "Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCO2  = -394.4   #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCO = 237.1      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfH2O = 137.2     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCO2, nH2, nCO, nH2O = 1,1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CO2,H2,CO,H2O respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCO2*dGfCO2 + nH2*dGfH2 + nCO*dGfCO + nH2O*dGfH2O\n",
-    "Kp = exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %5.3f '%(Kp)\n",
-    "if Kp > 1: print 'Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.11:pg-144"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Part A\n",
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 211.400 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 242.600 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 4.223e-11, 1.042e-03, and 1.349e-01\n",
-      "Part B\n",
-      "Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 3.249e-05, 1.593e-01, and 8.782e-01\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCl2  = 0.0     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCl = 105.7     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCl2 = 0.0      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCl = 121.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15       #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCl2, nCl= -1,2 #Stoichiomentric coeff of Cl2,Cl respectively in reaction\n",
-    "PbyP0 = 0.01\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCl*dGfCl + nCl2*dGfCl2 \n",
-    "dHR = nCl*dHfCl + nCl2*dHfCl2 \n",
-    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
-    "Kp8 = func(800)\n",
-    "Kp15 = func(1500)\n",
-    "Kp20 = func(2000)\n",
-    "DDiss = lambda K: sqrt(K/(K+4*PbyP0))\n",
-    "alp8 = DDiss(Kp8)\n",
-    "alp15 = DDiss(Kp15)\n",
-    "alp20 = DDiss(Kp20)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Part A'\n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(Kp8,Kp15,Kp20)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'Part B'\n",
-    "print 'Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(alp8,alp15,alp20)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.12:pg-145"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 131.1 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 178.5 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are 0.0956, 0.673e, and 3.423\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCaCO3  = -1128.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCaO = -603.3         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCO2 = -394.4         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCaCO3 = -1206.9      #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCaO = -634.9         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dHfCO2 = -393.5         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15             #Temperature in K\n",
-    "R = 8.314\n",
-    "nCaCO3, nCaO, nO2 = -1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CaCO3, CaO, O2 respectively in reaction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dGR = nCaO*dGfCaO + nO2*dGfCO2 + nCaCO3*dGfCaCO3\n",
-    "dHR = nCaO*dHfCaO + nO2*dHfCO2 + nCaCO3*dHfCaCO3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kp10 = func(1000)\n",
-    "Kp11 = func(1100)\n",
-    "Kp12 = func(1200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
-    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are %4.4f, %4.3fe, and %4.3f'%(Kp10,Kp11,Kp12)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.13:pg-146"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is 1.51e+04 bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dGfCG  = 0.0            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "dGfCD = 2.90            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
-    "rhoG = 2.25e3           #Density of Graphite, kg/m3\n",
-    "rhoD = 3.52e3           #Density of dimond, kg/m3\n",
-    "T0 = 298.15             #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314               #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "P0 = 1.0                #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "M = 12.01               #Molceular wt of Carbon\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "P = P0*1e5 + dGfCD*1e3/((1./rhoG-1./rhoD)*M*1e-3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is %4.2e bar'%(P/1e5)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.14:pg-154"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dUbydV = 1.42e+03 bar\n",
-      "dVbyV = 6.519 percent\n",
-      "dUbydVm = 9e+02 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "beta = 2.04e-4          #Thermal exapansion coefficient, /K\n",
-    "kapa = 45.9e-6          #Isothermal compressibility, /bar\n",
-    "T = 298.15              #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.206e-2            #Ideal gas constant, atm.L/(mol.K) \n",
-    "T1 = 320.0              #Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pi = 1.0                #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "V = 1.00                #Volume, m3\n",
-    "a = 1.35                #van der Waals constant a for nitrogen, atm.L2/mol2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dUbydV = Pf = (beta*T1-kapa*P0)/kapa\n",
-    "dVT = V*kapa*(Pf-Pi)\n",
-    "dVbyV = dVT*100/V\n",
-    "Vm = Pi/(R*T1)\n",
-    "dUbydVm = a/(Vm**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results \n",
-    "print 'dUbydV = %4.2e bar'%(dUbydV)\n",
-    "print 'dVbyV = %4.3f percent'%(dVbyV)\n",
-    "print 'dUbydVm = %4.0e atm'%(dUbydVm)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.15:pg-155"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Internal energy change is 4.06e+04 J/mol in which \n",
-      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 99.9999 percent\n",
-      "Enthalpy change is 4.185e+04 J/mol in which \n",
-      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 100.0 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp, log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m = 1000.0                #mass of mercury, g\n",
-    "Pi, Ti  = 1.00, 300.0     #Intial pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
-    "Pf, Tf  = 300., 600.0     #Final pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
-    "rho = 13534.              #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
-    "beta = 18.1e-4            #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
-    "kapa = 3.91e-6            #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
-    "Cpm = 27.98               #Molar Specific heat at constant pressure, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "M = 200.59                #Molecular wt of Hg, g/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vi = m*1e-3/rho\n",
-    "Vf = Vi*exp(-kapa*(Pf-Pi))\n",
-    "Ut = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M \n",
-    "Up =  (beta*Ti/kapa-Pi)*1e5*(Vf-Vi) + (Vi-Vf+Vf*log(Vf/Vi))*1e5/kapa\n",
-    "dU = Ut + Up\n",
-    "Ht = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M\n",
-    "Hp = ((1 + beta*(Tf-Ti))*Vi*exp(-kapa*Pi)/kapa)*(exp(-kapa*Pi)-exp(-kapa*Pf))\n",
-    "dH =  Ht + Hp\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Internal energy change is %6.2e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %6.4f percent'%(dU,Ut*100/dH)\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy change is %4.3e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %4.1f percent'%(dH,Ht*100/dH)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.16:pg-156"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Difference in molar specific heats \n",
-      "at constant volume and constant pressure 3.73e-03 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is 27.98 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature of Hg, K \n",
-    "beta = 18.1e-4              #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
-    "kapa = 3.91e-6              #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
-    "M = 0.20059                 #Molecular wt of Hg, kg/mol \n",
-    "rho = 13534                 #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
-    "Cpm = 27.98                 #Experimental Molar specif heat at const pressure for mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vm = M/rho\n",
-    "DCpmCv = T*Vm*beta**2/kapa\n",
-    "Cvm = Cpm - DCpmCv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Difference in molar specific heats \\nat constant volume and constant pressure %4.2e J/(mol.K)'%DCpmCv\n",
-    "print 'Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Cvm"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex6.17:pg-158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Molar Gibbs energy of Ar -46.154 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Molar Gibbs energy of Water -306.658 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "T = 298.15                  #Std. Temperature, K \n",
-    "P = 1.0                     #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Hm0, Sm0 = 0.0,154.8        #Std. molar enthalpy and entropy of Ar(g), kJ, mol, K units\n",
-    "Sm0H2, Sm0O2 = 130.7,205.2  #Std. molar entropy of O2 and H2 (g), kJ/(mol.K)\n",
-    "dGfH2O = -237.1         #Gibbs energy of formation for H2O(l), kJ/mol  \n",
-    "nH2, nO2 = 1, 1./2       #Stoichiomentric coefficients for H2 and O2 in water formation reaction \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Gm0 = Hm0 - T*Sm0\n",
-    "dGmH2O = dGfH2O*1000 - T*(nH2*Sm0H2 + nO2*Sm0O2)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Ar %4.3f kJ/mol'%(Gm0/1e3)\n",
-    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Water %4.3f kJ/mol'%(dGmH2O/1e3)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_eAEoe4s.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_eAEoe4s.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f1b328b..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_eAEoe4s.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,314 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11: Electrochemical Cells, Batteries, and Fuel Cells"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.1:pg-265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The potential of H+/H2 half cell 0.0083 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "aH = 0.770        #Activity of \n",
-    "fH2 = 1.13        #Fugacity of Hydrogen gas\n",
-    "E0 = 0.0          #Std. electrode potential, V\n",
-    "n = 1.0           #Number of electrons transfered\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "E = E0 - (0.05916/n)*log(aH/sqrt(fH2),10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The potential of H+/H2 half cell %5.4f V'%E"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.2:pg-266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "0.689 1.019\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E0r1 = -0.877       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)                   \n",
-    "E0r2 = -1.660       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)\n",
-    "E0r3 = +0.071       #Std Electrod potential for Rx3 : AgBr (s) + e- ------> Ag(s) +Br- (aq.)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "#3Fe(OH)2 (s)+ 2Al (s)  <---------> 3Fe (s)  + 6(OH-) + 2Al3+\n",
-    "E0a = 3*E0r1 + (-2)*E0r2\n",
-    "#Fe (s) + 2OH- +   2AgBr (s) -------> Fe(OH)2 (s)  + 2Ag(s) +  2Br- (aq.)\n",
-    "E0b = -E0r1 + (2)*E0r3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print '%5.3f %5.3f'%(E0a,E0b)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.3:pg-267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E0 for overall reaction is -0.041 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E01 = 0.771      #Rx1 : Fe3+ + e- -----> Fe2+\n",
-    "E02 = -0.447     #Rx2 : Fe2+ + 2e- -----> Fe\n",
-    "F = 96485        #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n1,n2,n3 = 1.,2.,3.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dG01 = -n1*F*E01\n",
-    "dG02 = -n2*F*E02\n",
-    "                #For overall reaction\n",
-    "dG0 = dG01 + dG02\n",
-    "E0Fe3byFe = -dG0/(n3*F)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'E0 for overall reaction is %5.3f V'%(E0Fe3byFe)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.4:pg-268"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is -2.32e+02 and\n",
-      "Std entropy values is -2.41e+02 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E01 = +1.36             #Std. electrode potential for Cl2/Cl\n",
-    "dE0bydT = -1.20e-3      #V/K\n",
-    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "S0H = 0.0               #Std. entropy J/(K.mol) for H+ ,Cl-,H2, Cl2 \n",
-    "S0Cl = 56.5\n",
-    "S0H2 = 130.7\n",
-    "S0Cl2 = 223.1\n",
-    "nH, nCl, nH2, nCl2 = 2, 2, -1,-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dS01 = n*F*dE0bydT\n",
-    "dS02 =nH*S0H + nCl*S0Cl + nH2*S0H2 + nCl2*S0Cl2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is %4.2e and\\nStd entropy values is %4.2e V'%(dS01,dS02)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.5:pg-269"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.55e+37\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E0 = +1.10              #Std. electrode potential for Danniel cell, V\n",
-    "                        #Zn(s) + Cu++ ----->  Zn2+   +  Cu\n",
-    "T = 298.15              #V/K\n",
-    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "R = 8.314               #Gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "K = exp(n*F*E0/(R*T))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(K)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.6:pg-269"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.57e-10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E = +0.29               #Cell emf, V\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ksp = 10**(-n*E/0.05916)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(Ksp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.8:pg-272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are 2.27 V, 0.71 V, and -0.18 V\n",
-      "Zn has positive cell potential of 2.272 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n",
-      "Ag has positive cell potential of 0.710 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E = +1.51               #EMF for reduction of permangnet, V\n",
-    "E01 = -0.7618           #Zn2+  + 2e-  -------->  Zn (s)\n",
-    "E02 = +0.7996           #Ag+  + e-  -------->  Ag (s)\n",
-    "E03 = +1.6920           #Au+  + e-  -------->  Au (s)        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "EZn = E - E01\n",
-    "EAg = E - E02\n",
-    "EAu = E - E03\n",
-    "animals = {\"parrot\": 2, \"fish\": 6}\n",
-    "Er = {\"Zn\":EZn,\"Ag\":EAg,\"Au\":EAu}\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are %4.2f V, %4.2f V, and %4.2f V'%(EZn, EAg,EAu)\n",
-    "for i in Er:\n",
-    "    if Er[i] >0.0:\n",
-    "        print '%s has positive cell potential of %4.3f V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion' %(i,Er[i])\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ezyRCsC.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ezyRCsC.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6d251294..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ezyRCsC.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,508 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 17: Transport Phenomena"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.1:pg-427"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Diffusion coefficient of Argon 1.1e-05 m2/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from scipy import constants\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "M = 0.040                  #Molecualar wt of Argon, kh/mol\n",
-    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DAr = (1./3)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M))*(R*T/(P*N_A*sqrt(2)*sigm))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Diffusion coefficient of Argon %3.1e m2/s'%DAr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.2:pg-428"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon 0.790\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "DHebyAr = 4.0 \n",
-    "MAr, MHe = 39.9, 4.0       #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "sigHebyAr = (1./DHebyAr)*sqrt(MAr/MHe)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon %4.3f'%sigHebyAr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.3:pg-430"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rms displacement at 1000 and 10000 is  0.141 and 0.447 m respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "D = 1.0e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
-    "t1 = 1000                  #Time, s\n",
-    "t10 = 10000                #Time, s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "xrms1 = sqrt(2*D*t1)\n",
-    "xrms10 = sqrt(2*D*t10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'rms displacement at %4d and %4d is  %4.3f and %4.3f m respectively'%(t1,t10,xrms1,xrms10)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.4:pg-432"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time per random walk is 2.045e-11 s or 20.45 ps\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "D = 2.2e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient of benzene, cm2/s \n",
-    "x0 = 0.3                   #molecular diameter of benzene, nm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "t = (x0*1e-9)**2/(2*D*1e-4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Time per random walk is %4.3e s or %4.2f ps'%(t,t/1e-12)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.5:pg-434"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mean free path 2.627e-07 m and collisional cross section 1.10e-19 m2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
-    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23        #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 39.9                   #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "CvmbyNA = 3.*k/2\n",
-    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
-    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
-    "labda = 3*kt/(CvmbyNA*nuavg*N)\n",
-    "sigm = 1/(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Mean free path %4.3e m and collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(labda, sigm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.6:pg-437"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collisional cross section 2.74e-19 m2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "eta = 227.                  #Viscosity of Ar, muP\n",
-    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
-    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 39.9                    #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
-    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
-    "m = M*1e-3/NA\n",
-    "labda = 3.*eta*1e-7/(nuavg*N*m)          #viscosity in kg m s units\n",
-    "sigm = 1./(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(sigm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.7:pg-439"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Flow rate is 2.762e-06 m3/s\n",
-      "Cylinder can be used for 4.381e+06 s nearly 50.7 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "m = 22.7                    #Mass of CO2, kg\n",
-    "T = 293.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "L = 1.0                     #length of the tube, m\n",
-    "d = 0.75                    #Diameter of the tube, mm\n",
-    "eta = 146                   #Viscosity of CO2, muP\n",
-    "p1 = 1.05                   #Inlet pressure, atm\n",
-    "p2 = 1.00                   #Outlet pressure, atm\n",
-    "atm2pa = 101325             #Conversion for pressure from atm to Pa \n",
-    "M = 0.044                   #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  J mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "p1 = p1*atm2pa\n",
-    "p2 = p2*atm2pa\n",
-    "F = pi*(d*1e-3/2)**4*(p1**2-p2**2)/(16.*eta/1.e7*L*p2)\n",
-    "nCO2 = m/M\n",
-    "v = nCO2*R*T/((p1+p2)/2)\n",
-    "t = v/F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Flow rate is %4.3e m3/s'%(F)\n",
-    "print 'Cylinder can be used for %4.3e s nearly %3.1f days'%(t, t/(24*3600))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.8:pg-441"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of protein is 3.550 nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "eta = 0.891                 #Viscosity of hemoglobin in water, cP\n",
-    "T = 298.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "D = 6.9e-11                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "r = k*T/(6*pi*eta*1e-3*D)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Radius of protein is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.9:pg-442"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of Lysozyme particle is 1.937 nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "s = 1.91e-13                #Sedimentation constant, s\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 14100.0                 #Molecualr wt of lysozyme, g/mol\n",
-    "rho = 0.998                 #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
-    "eta = 1.002                 #Viscosity lysozyme in water, cP\n",
-    "T = 293.15                  #Temperature, K\n",
-    "vbar = 0.703                #Specific volume of cm3/g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "m = M/NA\n",
-    "f = m*(1.-vbar*rho)/s\n",
-    "r = f/(6*pi*eta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Radius of Lysozyme particle is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.10:pg-443"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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f8PVXaamKiohkNnUsMVq6FIYMga98BWbOhCOOiDuRiEjTqWOJQV0d3HcfnHYa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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9adf8d0>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope is 3.78e-04 1/min or 6.299e-06 1/s \n",
-      "Sedimentation factor is 1.899e-13 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t = array([0.0,30.0,60.0,90.0,120.0,150.0])       #Time, min\n",
-    "xb = array([6.00,6.07,6.14,6.21,6.28,6.35])       #Location of boundary layer, cm\n",
-    "rpm = 55000.                                      #RPM of centrifuge \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nx = xb/xb[0]\n",
-    "lnx = log(nx)\n",
-    "A = array([ t, ones(size(t))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,lnx)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
-    "# plotting the line\n",
-    "line = slope*t+intercept # regression line\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "plot(t,line,'-',t,lnx,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ Time, min $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ \\log(x_b/x_{b0}) $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "sbar = (slope/60)/(rpm*2*pi/60)**2\n",
-    "print 'Slope is %6.2e 1/min or %4.3e 1/s '%(slope, slope/60)\n",
-    "print 'Sedimentation factor is %4.3e s'%(sbar)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.11:pg-449"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is 0.0258 S.m2/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "LMg = 0.0106                #Ionic conductance for Mg, S.m2/mol\n",
-    "LCl = 0.0076                #Ionic conductance for Cl, S.m2/mol\n",
-    "nMg, nCl = 1, 2             #Coefficients of Mg and Cl  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "LMgCl2 = nMg*LMg + nCl*LCl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is %5.4f S.m2/mol'%(LMgCl2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_fGocR0T.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_fGocR0T.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cfc07351..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_fGocR0T.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,287 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 16: Kinetic Theory of Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.1:pg-407"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are  498,  244 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
-    "MNe = 0.020       #Molecular wt of Ne, kg/mol\n",
-    "MKr = 0.083       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "vmpNe = sqrt(2*R*T/MNe)\n",
-    "vmpKr = sqrt(2*R*T/MKr)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmpNe,vmpKr)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.2:pg-411"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\n",
-      "at 298 K are  352,  397,  431 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "vmp = sqrt(2*R*T/M)\n",
-    "vave = sqrt(8*R*T/(M*pi))\n",
-    "vrms = sqrt(3*R*T/M)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\\nat 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmp,vave,vrms)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.4, Page Numbe 413"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Number of Collisions 2.45e+27  per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "P = 101325        #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Zc = P*NA/sqrt(2*pi*R*T*M)\n",
-    "Nc = Zc*V \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Number of Collisions %4.2e  per s'%(Nc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.5:pg-414"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is 9.996e-03 Pa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi,exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "P0 = 1013.25      #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "t = 3600          #time of effusion, s\n",
-    "A = 0.01          #Area, um2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "A = A*1e-12\n",
-    "V = V*1e-3\n",
-    "expo = (A*t/V)*(k*T/(2*pi*M/NA))\n",
-    "P = P0*exp(-expo)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is %4.3e Pa'%(P/101325)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.6:pg-417"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Single particle collisional frequency is 6.9e+09 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.044         #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
-    "P  = 101325       #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "sigm = 5.2e-19    #m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "zCO2 = (P*NA/(R*T))*sigm*sqrt(2)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M)) \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Single particle collisional frequency is %4.1e per s'%(zCO2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.7:pg-417"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collisional frequency is 3.14e+34 m-3s-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "MAr = 0.04        #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "MKr = 0.084       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "pAr  = 360        #Partial Pressure Ar, torr\n",
-    "pKr  = 400        #Partial Pressure Kr, torr\n",
-    "rAr = 0.17e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Ar, m\n",
-    "rKr = 0.20e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Kr, m\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "pAr = pAr*101325/760\n",
-    "pKr = pKr*101325/760\n",
-    "p1 = pAr*NA/(R*T)\n",
-    "p2 = pKr*NA/(R*T)\n",
-    "sigm = pi*(rAr+rKr)**2\n",
-    "mu = MAr*MKr/((MAr+MKr)*NA)\n",
-    "p3 = sqrt(8*k*T/(pi*mu)) \n",
-    "zArKr = p1*p2*sigm*p3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Collisional frequency is %4.2e m-3s-1'%(zArKr)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_gZhr0WW.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_gZhr0WW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 29d2cd41..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_gZhr0WW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,421 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 5: Enthalpy and the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.1:pg-90"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency of heat engine is 0.600\n",
-      "Work done by heat engine is 600.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Th, Tc = 500.,200.     #Temeperatures IN Which reversible heat engine works, K\n",
-    "q = 1000.              #Heat absorbed by heat engine, J\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "eps = 1.-Tc/Th\n",
-    "w = eps*q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Efficiency of heat engine is %4.3f'%eps\n",
-    "print 'Work done by heat engine is %4.1f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.4:pg-94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 24.43 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 320.,650.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 80.,120.      #Initial and final state volume of CO2, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 31.08,-0.01452,3.1415e-5,-1.4973e-8\n",
-    "                       #Constants in constant volume Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*R*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "dS = dS1 + dS2\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.5:pg-94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 48.55 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 2.5                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 450.,800.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
-    "                       #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*R*log(pf/pi)\n",
-    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.6:pg-95"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 58.2 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term 2.8e-05\n",
-      "hence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 3.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 300.,600.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.00,3.00     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "cpm = 27.98            #Specific heat of mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "M = 200.59             #Molecualr wt of mercury, g/(mol)\n",
-    "beta = 1.81e-4         #per K\n",
-    "rho = 13.54            #Density of mercury, g/cm3\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "dS1 = n*cpm*log(Tf/Ti)\n",
-    "dS2 = n*(M/(rho*1e6))*beta*(pf-pi)*1e5\n",
-    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS\n",
-    "print 'Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term %3.1e\\nhence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less'%(dS2/dS1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.7:pg-99"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of surrounding is  7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Total Entropy changeis  0.0 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "w = -qrev\n",
-    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
-    "dSsur = -dSsys\n",
-    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
-    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.8:pg-100"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Constant external pressure and initial pressure are 2.494e+05 J,and 9.977e+04 J respectively\n",
-      "Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are -2285.4 J,and -3741.3 J respectively\n",
-      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Entropy change of surrounding is 12.47 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Total Entropy changeis 4.85 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "pext = n*R*T/(vf/1e3)\n",
-    "pi = n*R*T/(vi/1e3)\n",
-    "q = pext*(vf-vi)/1e3\n",
-    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "w = -q\n",
-    "dSsur = -q/T\n",
-    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
-    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Constant external pressure and initial pressure are %4.3e J,and %4.3e J respectively'%(pext,pi)\n",
-    "print 'Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are %4.1f J,and %4.1f J respectively'%(qrev,q)\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
-    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.9:pg-103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is 204.8 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "D1 = 2.11e-3           #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for K<T<12.97K, in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = -5.666,0.6927,-5.191e-3,9.943e-4\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 12.97<T<23.66, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A3, B3, C3, D3 = 31.70,-2.038,0.08384,-6.685e-4\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 23.66<T<43.76, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A4 = 46.094 #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 43.76<T<54.39, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A5, B5, C5, D5 = 81.268,-1.1467,0.01516,-6.407e-5\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 54.39<T<90.20K, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A6, B6, C6, D6 = 32.71,-0.04093,1.545e-4,-1.819e-7\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 90.20<T<298.15 KJ, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "Ltrans1 = 93.80   #Entalpy of transition at 23.66K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans2 = 743.0   #Entalpy of transition at 43.76K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans3 = 445.0   #Entalpy of transition at 54.39K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans4 = 6815.   #Entalpy of transition at 90.20K, J/mol\n",
-    "T1 = 12.97        #Maximum applicabliltiy temeprature for first heat capacity equation, K\n",
-    "T12 = 23.66       #Phase Change temperature from Solid III--II, K\n",
-    "T23 = 43.76       #Phase Change temperature from Solid II--I, K\n",
-    "T34 = 54.39       #Phase Change temperature from Solid I--liquid, K\n",
-    "T45 = 90.20       #Phase Change temperature from liquid--gas, K\n",
-    "Ts = 298.15       #Std. Temeprature, K\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (D1*T**3)/T, (T,0,T1)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*integrate( (A2 + B2*T + C2*T**2 + D2*T**3)/T, (T,T1,T12)) \n",
-    "dS21 = Ltrans1/T12\n",
-    "dS3 = n*integrate( (A3 + B3*T + C3*T**2 + D3*T**3)/T, (T,T12,T23)) \n",
-    "dS31 = Ltrans2/T23\n",
-    "dS4 = n*integrate( (A4)/T, (T,T23,T34)) \n",
-    "dS41 = Ltrans3/T34\n",
-    "dS5 = n*integrate( (A5 + B5*T + C5*T**2 + D5*T**3)/T, (T,T34,T45)) \n",
-    "dS51 = Ltrans4/T45\n",
-    "dS6 = n*integrate( (A6 + B6*T + C6*T**2 + D6*T**3)/T, (T,T45,Ts))\n",
-    "#print dS1+dS2,dS21\n",
-    "#print dS3, dS31\n",
-    "#print dS4, dS41\n",
-    "#print dS5, dS51\n",
-    "#print dS6\n",
-    "dS = dS1+dS2+dS21+dS3+dS31+dS4+dS41+dS5+dS51+dS6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.10:pg-105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change for reaction at  475 K is -88.26 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2 formed, mol\n",
-    "p = 1.                 #Pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1, B1, C1, D1 = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO2, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = 30.81,-1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, 0.0\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for O2, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A3, B3, C3, D3 =  31.08,-1.452e-2,3.1415e-5 ,-1.4793e-8          \n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298CO = 197.67   #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298CO2 = 213.74  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298O2 = 205.138  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Tr = 475.           #Reaction temperature, K\n",
-    "Ts = 298.15         #Std. temperature, K\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "v1,v2,v3 = 1.,1./2,1.\n",
-    "DSr = DSr298CO2*v1 - DSr298CO*v1 - DSr298O2*v2\n",
-    "DA = v1*A1-v2*A2-v3*A3\n",
-    "DB = v1*B1-v2*B2-v3*B3\n",
-    "DC = v1*C1-v2*C2-v3*C3\n",
-    "DD = v1*D1-v2*D2-v3*D3\n",
-    "dS = DSr + n*integrate( (DA + DB*T + DC*T**2 + DD*T**3)/T, (T,Ts,Tr)) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change for reaction at %4d K is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%(Tr,dS)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_hEpVYUR.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_hEpVYUR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7d42ed97..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_hEpVYUR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 04: Thermochemistry"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.1:pg-72"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds 927.0 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds 461.0 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "DH0_H2O = 241.8          #Std Enthalpy of reaxtion of Water Fomation backward rxn, kJ/mol\n",
-    "DH0_2H = 2*218.0         #Std Enthalpy of formation of Hydrogen atom, kJ/mol\n",
-    "DH0_O = 249.2            #Std Enthalpy of formation of Oxygen atom, kJ/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314                #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Dn = 2.0\n",
-    "T = 298.15               #Std. Temperature, K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DH0_2HO = DH0_H2O + DH0_2H + DH0_O\n",
-    "DU0 = (DH0_2HO - Dn*R*T*1e-3)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DH0_2HO\n",
-    "print 'Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DU0"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.2:pg-74"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat of reaction for HCl formation is -95.1 kJ/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "a = ([29.064, 31.695, 28.165])             #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "b = ([-0.8363e-3, 10.143e-3, 1.809e-3])    #Constant 'b' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "c = ([20.111e-7, -40.373e-7, 15.464e-7])   #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "delHf0HCl = -92.3                          #Std. Heat of formation of HCl, kJ/mol\n",
-    "T1, T2 = 298.15, 1450                      #Std and final temperature, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "DA = a[2]-(a[0]+a[1])/2\n",
-    "DB = b[2]-(b[0]+b[1])/2\n",
-    "DC = c[2]-(c[0]+c[1])/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "expr = integrate( DA + DB*T + DC*T**2, (T,T1,T2))\n",
-    "DHR1450= expr/1000 + delHf0HCl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat of reaction for HCl formation is %4.1f kJ/mol'%DHR1450"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.3:pg-75"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Calorimeter constant 7.59e+03 J/°C\n",
-      "Enthalpy of rection for benzene -3.26e+06 J/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ms1 = 0.972          #Mass of cyclohexane, g\n",
-    "DT1 = 2.98           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
-    "DUR1 = -3913e3       #Std Internal energy change, J/mol\n",
-    "mw = 1.812e3         #Mass of water, g\n",
-    "ms2 = 0.857          #Mass of benzene, g\n",
-    "Ms1 = 84.16\n",
-    "Ms2 = 78.12\n",
-    "DT2 = 2.36           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02\n",
-    "Cpw = 75.3 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ccal = ((-ms1/Ms1)*DUR1-(mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT1)/DT1\n",
-    "DUR2 = (-Ms2/ms2)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT2+Ccal*DT2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Calorimeter constant %4.2e J/°C'%Ccal\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of rection for benzene %4.2e J/mol'%DUR2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex4.4:pg-77"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 -2.81e+03 J/mol\n",
-      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data -2.40e+00 J/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "ms = 1.423           #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
-    "mw = 100.34          #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
-    "DT = 0.037           #Change in temperature for solution, K\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02           #Molecular wt of Water\n",
-    "Ms = 142.04          #Molecular wt of ms Na2SO4\n",
-    "Ccal = 342.5         #Calorimeter constant, J/K\n",
-    "#Data\n",
-    "DHfNa = -240.1\n",
-    "DHfSO4 = -909.3\n",
-    "DHfNa2SO4 = -1387.1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DHs = (-Ms/ms)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT+Ccal*DT)\n",
-    "DHsolD = 2*DHfNa + DHfSO4 - DHfNa2SO4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 %4.2e J/mol'%DHs\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data %4.2e J/mol'%DHsolD"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_id1VlbC.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_id1VlbC.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 382b0ea4..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_id1VlbC.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,508 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 14: Ensemble and Molecular Partition Function"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.1:pg-344"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Difference in energy levels is 3.10e-38 J or 1.56e-15 1/cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "l = 0.01           #Box length, m \n",
-    "n1,n2 = 2,1        #Energy levels states\n",
-    "m = 5.31e-26       #mass of oxygen molecule, kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "dE = (n1+n2)*h**2/(8*m*l**2)\n",
-    "dEcm = dE/(h*c*1e2)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Difference in energy levels is %3.2e J or %3.2e 1/cm'%(dE,dEcm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.2:pg-345"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave length is 1.60e-11 m and\n",
-      "Translational partition function is 2.44e+29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "v = 1.0            #Volume, L\n",
-    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature of Ar, K\n",
-    "m = 6.63e-26       #Mass of Argon molecule, kg \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "GAMA = h/sqrt(2*pi*m*k*T)\n",
-    "v = v*1e-3\n",
-    "qT3D = v/GAMA**3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave length is %3.2e m and\\nTranslational partition function is %3.2e'%(GAMA,qT3D)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.4:pg-350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Spectrum will be observed at  494 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "J = 4              #Rotational energy level\n",
-    "B = 8.46           #Spectrum, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "T = (2*J+1)**2*h*c*100*B/(2*k)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Spectrum will be observed at %4.0f K'%(T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.5:pg-352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function of H2 at 1000 is 5.729\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B = 60.589         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 1000           #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "qR = k*T/(2*h*c*100*B)\n",
-    "qRs = 0.0\n",
-    "#for J in range(101):\n",
-    "#    print J\n",
-    "#    if (J%2 == 0):\n",
-    "#        qRs = qRs + (2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T)\n",
-    "#    else:\n",
-    "#        qRs = qRs + 3*(2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T))\n",
-    "#print qRs/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.6:pg-353"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function of H2 at  100 K is 928.121\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "B = 0.0374         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 100.0          #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "sigma = 2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "ThetaR = h*c*100*B/k\n",
-    "qR = T/(sigma*ThetaR)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f K is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.7:pg-354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at  298 K are  140, 16926, and  712 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "Ba = 1.48                        #Spectrum for OCS, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Spectrum for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Spectrum for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 298.0                        #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "sigmab = 1\n",
-    "sigmac = 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qRa = k*T/(h*c*100*Ba)\n",
-    "qRb = (sqrt(pi)/sigmab)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bb[0])*sqrt(1/Bb[1])*sqrt(1/Bb[2])\n",
-    "qRc = (sqrt(pi)/sigmac)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bc[0])*sqrt(1/Bc[1])*sqrt(1/Bc[2])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at %4.0f K are %4.0f, %4.0f, and %4.0f respectively'%(T,qRa,qRb,qRc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.8:pg-356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Vibrational partition function for I2 at  298 and 1000 are 1.58 K and 3.86 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ba = 1.48                        #Frequency for OCS, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Frequency for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Frequency for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
-    "T298 = 298.0                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "T1000 = 1000                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "nubar  =  208\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qv298 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T298)))\n",
-    "qv1000 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T1000)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Vibrational partition function for I2 at %4d and %4d are %4.2f K and %4.2f respectively'%(T298, T1000,qv298, qv1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.9:pg-357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At  450 1/cm the q = 1.128\n",
-      "At  945 1/cm the q = 1.010\n",
-      "At 1100 1/cm the q = 1.005\n",
-      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 298.0 K is 1.146 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = [450, 945, 1100]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for OClO, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Qv = 1.\n",
-    "for i in nubar:\n",
-    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
-    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
-    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.10:pg-359"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Vibrational partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 10.508\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = 917        #Vibrational mode frequencies for F2, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "ThetaV = h*c*100*nubar/k\n",
-    "Th = 10*ThetaV\n",
-    "qv = 1/(1.-exp(-ThetaV/Th))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Vibrational partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.11:pg-360"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At 1388 1/cm the q = 1.157\n",
-      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
-      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
-      "At 2349 1/cm the q = 1.035\n",
-      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 1000.0 K is 3.139\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 1000           #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = [1388, 667.4,667.4,2349]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for CO2, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Qv = 1.\n",
-    "for i in nubar:\n",
-    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
-    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
-    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.12:pg-363"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electronic partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 9.45\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 298.           #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "n = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]   #Energy levels\n",
-    "E0 = [0,137.38,323.46,552.96,2112.28,2153.21,2220.11,2311.36,2424.78]      #Energies, 1/cm\n",
-    "g0 = [4,6,8,10,2,4,6,8,10]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qE = 0.0\n",
-    "for i in range(9):\n",
-    "    a =g0[i]*exp(-h*c*100*E0[i]/(k*T))\n",
-    "    qE = qE + a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Electronic partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.2f'%(T, qE)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_imWpKyi.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_imWpKyi.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 887d09f2..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_imWpKyi.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,419 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18: Elementary Chemical Kinetics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.2:pg-461"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 2.00\n",
-      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 1.00\n",
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.201e+08 1./(M.s)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ca0 = [2.3e-4,4.6e-4,9.2e-4]       #Initial Concentration of A, M\n",
-    "Cb0 = [3.1e-5,6.2e-5,6.2e-5]       #Initial Concentration of B, M\n",
-    "Ri  = [5.25e-4,4.2e-3,1.68e-2]     #Initial rate of reaction, M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alp = log(Ri[1]/Ri[2])/log(Ca0[1]/Ca0[2])\n",
-    "beta = (log(Ri[0]/Ri[1]) - 2*log((Ca0[0]/Ca0[1])))/(log(Cb0[0]/Cb0[1]))\n",
-    "k = Ri[2]/(Ca0[2]**2*Cb0[2]**beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%alp\n",
-    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%beta\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1./(M.s)'%k"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.3:pg-466"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.381e-05 1/s\n",
-      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 1.511e+04 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t1by2 = 2.05e4       #Half life for first order decomposition of N2O5, s\n",
-    "x = 60.              #percentage decay of N2O5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
-    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
-    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.4:pg-467 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 1.203e-04 1/s\n",
-      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 4.245e+03 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t1by2 = 5760       #Half life for C14, years\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
-    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
-    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.5:pg-472"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time required for maximum concentration of A: 13.86 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "kAbykI = 2.0       #Ratio of rate constants\n",
-    "kA = 0.1           #First order rate constant for rxn 1, 1/s \n",
-    "kI = 0.05          #First order rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "tmax = 1/(kA-kI)*log(kA/kI)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Time required for maximum concentration of A: %4.2f s'%tmax"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.7:pg-476"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: 6.67 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T = 22.0           #Temperature of the reaction,°C\n",
-    "k1 = 7.0e-4        #Rate constants for rxn 1, 1/s\n",
-    "k2 = 4.1e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
-    "k3 = 5.7e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 3, 1/s \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "phiP1 = k1/(k1+k2+k3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: %4.2f '%(phiP1*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.8:pg-477"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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x4M0FjBk/hkVLFtG2RVvNpis2SkYiImtHs+lERKTkKBmJiEh0SkYiIhKdkpGI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\nYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9358710>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are, -6419.8 and 14.45\n",
-      "Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are 53.37 kJ/mol and 1.88e+06 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot, show, xlabel, ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T = array([22.7,27.2,33.7,38.0])\n",
-    "k1 = array([7.e-4,9.8e-4,1.6e-3,2.e-3])\n",
-    "R = 8.314 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = T +273.15\n",
-    "x = 1./T\n",
-    "y = log(k1)\n",
-    "A = array([ x, ones(size(x))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,y)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
-    "# plotting the line\n",
-    "line = slope*x+intercept # regression line\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "plot(x,line,'-',x,y,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ 1/T, K^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ log(k) $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "Ea = -slope*R\n",
-    "A = exp(intercept)\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are, %6.1f and %4.2f'%(slope, intercept)\n",
-    "print 'Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are %4.2f kJ/mol and %4.2e 1/s'%(Ea/1e3, A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.9:pg-482"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Forward Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n",
-      "Backward Rate constant is 4.34e+04 1/s\n",
-      "Apperent Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ea = 42.e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
-    "A  = 1.e12      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
-    "T = 298.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "Kc = 1.0e4      #Equilibrium constant for reaction\n",
-    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "kB = A*exp(-Ea/(R*T))\n",
-    "kA = kB*Kc\n",
-    "kApp = kA + kB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kA\n",
-    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kB\n",
-    "print 'Apperent Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kApp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.10:pg-492"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Estimated rate 6.4e+13 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of 4.0e+07 1/(M.s), \n",
-      "hence the reaction is not diffusion controlled\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Dh = 7.6e-7     #Diffusion coefficient of Hemoglobin, cm2/s\n",
-    "Do2 = 2.2e-5    #Diffusion coefficient of oxygen, cm2/s\n",
-    "rh = 35.        #Radius of Hemoglobin, °A\n",
-    "ro2 = 2.0       #Radius of Oxygen, °A\n",
-    "k = 4e7         #Rate constant for binding of O2 to Hemoglobin, 1/(M.s)\n",
-    "NA =6.022e23    #Avagadro Number\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DA = Dh + Do2\n",
-    "kd = 4*pi*NA*(rh+ro2)*1e-8*DA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Estimated rate %4.1e 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of %4.1e 1/(M.s), \\nhence the reaction is not diffusion controlled'%(kd,k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.11:pg-494"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Forward Rate constant is 9.90e+04 1/s\n",
-      "Backward Rate constant is -12.72 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, e\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ea = 104e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
-    "A  = 1.e13      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
-    "T = 300.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34   #Plnak constant, Js\n",
-    "c = 1.0         #Std. State concentration, M\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23    #,J/K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dH = Ea - 2*R*T\n",
-    "dS = R*log(A*h*c/(k*T*e**2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%dH\n",
-    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2f 1/s'%dS"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ipvWUNm.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ipvWUNm.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 29d2cd41..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ipvWUNm.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,421 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 5: Enthalpy and the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.1:pg-90"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency of heat engine is 0.600\n",
-      "Work done by heat engine is 600.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Th, Tc = 500.,200.     #Temeperatures IN Which reversible heat engine works, K\n",
-    "q = 1000.              #Heat absorbed by heat engine, J\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "eps = 1.-Tc/Th\n",
-    "w = eps*q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Efficiency of heat engine is %4.3f'%eps\n",
-    "print 'Work done by heat engine is %4.1f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.4:pg-94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 24.43 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 320.,650.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 80.,120.      #Initial and final state volume of CO2, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 31.08,-0.01452,3.1415e-5,-1.4973e-8\n",
-    "                       #Constants in constant volume Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*R*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "dS = dS1 + dS2\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.5:pg-94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 48.55 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 2.5                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 450.,800.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
-    "                       #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*R*log(pf/pi)\n",
-    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.6:pg-95"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 58.2 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term 2.8e-05\n",
-      "hence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 3.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 300.,600.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.00,3.00     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "cpm = 27.98            #Specific heat of mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "M = 200.59             #Molecualr wt of mercury, g/(mol)\n",
-    "beta = 1.81e-4         #per K\n",
-    "rho = 13.54            #Density of mercury, g/cm3\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "dS1 = n*cpm*log(Tf/Ti)\n",
-    "dS2 = n*(M/(rho*1e6))*beta*(pf-pi)*1e5\n",
-    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS\n",
-    "print 'Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term %3.1e\\nhence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less'%(dS2/dS1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.7:pg-99"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of surrounding is  7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Total Entropy changeis  0.0 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "w = -qrev\n",
-    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
-    "dSsur = -dSsys\n",
-    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
-    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.8:pg-100"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Constant external pressure and initial pressure are 2.494e+05 J,and 9.977e+04 J respectively\n",
-      "Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are -2285.4 J,and -3741.3 J respectively\n",
-      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Entropy change of surrounding is 12.47 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Total Entropy changeis 4.85 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "pext = n*R*T/(vf/1e3)\n",
-    "pi = n*R*T/(vi/1e3)\n",
-    "q = pext*(vf-vi)/1e3\n",
-    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "w = -q\n",
-    "dSsur = -q/T\n",
-    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
-    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Constant external pressure and initial pressure are %4.3e J,and %4.3e J respectively'%(pext,pi)\n",
-    "print 'Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are %4.1f J,and %4.1f J respectively'%(qrev,q)\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
-    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.9:pg-103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is 204.8 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "D1 = 2.11e-3           #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for K<T<12.97K, in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = -5.666,0.6927,-5.191e-3,9.943e-4\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 12.97<T<23.66, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A3, B3, C3, D3 = 31.70,-2.038,0.08384,-6.685e-4\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 23.66<T<43.76, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A4 = 46.094 #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 43.76<T<54.39, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A5, B5, C5, D5 = 81.268,-1.1467,0.01516,-6.407e-5\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 54.39<T<90.20K, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A6, B6, C6, D6 = 32.71,-0.04093,1.545e-4,-1.819e-7\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 90.20<T<298.15 KJ, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "Ltrans1 = 93.80   #Entalpy of transition at 23.66K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans2 = 743.0   #Entalpy of transition at 43.76K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans3 = 445.0   #Entalpy of transition at 54.39K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans4 = 6815.   #Entalpy of transition at 90.20K, J/mol\n",
-    "T1 = 12.97        #Maximum applicabliltiy temeprature for first heat capacity equation, K\n",
-    "T12 = 23.66       #Phase Change temperature from Solid III--II, K\n",
-    "T23 = 43.76       #Phase Change temperature from Solid II--I, K\n",
-    "T34 = 54.39       #Phase Change temperature from Solid I--liquid, K\n",
-    "T45 = 90.20       #Phase Change temperature from liquid--gas, K\n",
-    "Ts = 298.15       #Std. Temeprature, K\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (D1*T**3)/T, (T,0,T1)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*integrate( (A2 + B2*T + C2*T**2 + D2*T**3)/T, (T,T1,T12)) \n",
-    "dS21 = Ltrans1/T12\n",
-    "dS3 = n*integrate( (A3 + B3*T + C3*T**2 + D3*T**3)/T, (T,T12,T23)) \n",
-    "dS31 = Ltrans2/T23\n",
-    "dS4 = n*integrate( (A4)/T, (T,T23,T34)) \n",
-    "dS41 = Ltrans3/T34\n",
-    "dS5 = n*integrate( (A5 + B5*T + C5*T**2 + D5*T**3)/T, (T,T34,T45)) \n",
-    "dS51 = Ltrans4/T45\n",
-    "dS6 = n*integrate( (A6 + B6*T + C6*T**2 + D6*T**3)/T, (T,T45,Ts))\n",
-    "#print dS1+dS2,dS21\n",
-    "#print dS3, dS31\n",
-    "#print dS4, dS41\n",
-    "#print dS5, dS51\n",
-    "#print dS6\n",
-    "dS = dS1+dS2+dS21+dS3+dS31+dS4+dS41+dS5+dS51+dS6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.10:pg-105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change for reaction at  475 K is -88.26 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2 formed, mol\n",
-    "p = 1.                 #Pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1, B1, C1, D1 = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO2, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = 30.81,-1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, 0.0\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for O2, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A3, B3, C3, D3 =  31.08,-1.452e-2,3.1415e-5 ,-1.4793e-8          \n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298CO = 197.67   #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298CO2 = 213.74  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298O2 = 205.138  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Tr = 475.           #Reaction temperature, K\n",
-    "Ts = 298.15         #Std. temperature, K\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "v1,v2,v3 = 1.,1./2,1.\n",
-    "DSr = DSr298CO2*v1 - DSr298CO*v1 - DSr298O2*v2\n",
-    "DA = v1*A1-v2*A2-v3*A3\n",
-    "DB = v1*B1-v2*B2-v3*B3\n",
-    "DC = v1*C1-v2*C2-v3*C3\n",
-    "DD = v1*D1-v2*D2-v3*D3\n",
-    "dS = DSr + n*integrate( (DA + DB*T + DC*T**2 + DD*T**3)/T, (T,Ts,Tr)) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change for reaction at %4d K is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%(Tr,dS)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_itFEv6b.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_itFEv6b.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bb478dec..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_itFEv6b.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 07: Properties of Real Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.3:pg-175"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(V-Videal) -6.49 L\n",
-      "Percentage error -58.73\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 1.0           #Mass of Methane, kg\n",
-    "T = 230           #Temeprature of Methane, K\n",
-    "P = 68.0          #Pressure, bar \n",
-    "Tc = 190.56       #Critical Temeprature of Methane\n",
-    "Pc = 45.99        #Critical Pressure of Methane\n",
-    "R = 0.08314       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "M = 16.04         #Molecular wt of Methane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "Tr = T/Tc\n",
-    "Pr = P/Pc\n",
-    "z = 0.63          #Methane compressibility factor\n",
-    "n = m*1e3/M\n",
-    "V = z*n*R*T/P\n",
-    "Vig = n*R*T/P\n",
-    "DV = (V - Vig)/V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print '(V-Videal) %4.2f L'%(V-Vig)\n",
-    "print 'Percentage error %5.2f'%(DV*100)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_iujxmeR.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_iujxmeR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 860afddf..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_iujxmeR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 08: Phase Diagrams and the Relative Stability of Solids, Liquids, and Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.2:Pg.No-195"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 30.7 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 86.9 J/mol\n",
-      "Triple point temperature = 267.3 K for benzene\n",
-      "Triple point pressure = 3.53e+03 Pa for benzene\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Tn = 353.24       #normal boiling point of Benzene, K\n",
-    "pi = 1.19e4       #Vapor pressure of benzene at 20°C, Pa\n",
-    "DHf = 9.95        #Latent heat of fusion, kJ/mol\n",
-    "pv443 = 137.      #Vapor pressure of benzene at -44.3°C, Pa\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Pf = 101325       #Std. atmospheric pressure, Pa\n",
-    "T20 = 293.15      #Temperature in K\n",
-    "P0 = 1.\n",
-    "Pl = 10000.\n",
-    "Ts = -44.3        #Temperature of solid benzene, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ts = Ts + 273.15\n",
-    "#Part a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DHv = -(R*math.log(Pf/pi))/(1./Tn-1./T20)\n",
-    "#Part b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DSv = DHv/Tn\n",
-    "DHf = DHf*1e3\n",
-    "#Part c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ttp = -DHf/(R*(math.log(Pl/P0)-math.log(pv443/P0)-(DHv+DHf)/(R*Ts)+DHv/(R*T20)))\n",
-    "Ptp = exp(-DHv/R*(1./Ttp-1./Tn))*101325\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %4.1f kJ/mol'%(DHv/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %3.1f J/mol'%DSv\n",
-    "print 'Triple point temperature = %4.1f K for benzene'%Ttp\n",
-    "print 'Triple point pressure = %4.2e Pa for benzene'%Ptp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.3:Pg.No-200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force exerted by one leg 5.428e-05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
-    "r = 1.2e-4        #Radius of hemisphere, m\n",
-    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DP = 2*gama*cos(theta)/r\n",
-    "F = DP*pi*r**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Force exerted by one leg %5.3e N'%F"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.4:Pg.No-200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Height to which water can rise by capillary action is 0.74 m\n",
-      "This is very less than 100.0 n, hence water can not reach top of tree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
-    "r = 2e-5          #Radius of xylem, m\n",
-    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
-    "rho = 997.0       #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
-    "g = 9.81          #gravitational acceleration, m/s2\n",
-    "H = 100           #Height at top of redwood tree, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "h = 2*gama/(rho*g*r*cos(theta))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Height to which water can rise by capillary action is %3.2f m'%h\n",
-    "print 'This is very less than %4.1f n, hence water can not reach top of tree'%H"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_jHUJFvU.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_jHUJFvU.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 382b0ea4..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_jHUJFvU.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,508 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 14: Ensemble and Molecular Partition Function"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.1:pg-344"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Difference in energy levels is 3.10e-38 J or 1.56e-15 1/cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "l = 0.01           #Box length, m \n",
-    "n1,n2 = 2,1        #Energy levels states\n",
-    "m = 5.31e-26       #mass of oxygen molecule, kg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "dE = (n1+n2)*h**2/(8*m*l**2)\n",
-    "dEcm = dE/(h*c*1e2)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Difference in energy levels is %3.2e J or %3.2e 1/cm'%(dE,dEcm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.2:pg-345"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Thermal wave length is 1.60e-11 m and\n",
-      "Translational partition function is 2.44e+29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "v = 1.0            #Volume, L\n",
-    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature of Ar, K\n",
-    "m = 6.63e-26       #Mass of Argon molecule, kg \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "GAMA = h/sqrt(2*pi*m*k*T)\n",
-    "v = v*1e-3\n",
-    "qT3D = v/GAMA**3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Thermal wave length is %3.2e m and\\nTranslational partition function is %3.2e'%(GAMA,qT3D)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.4:pg-350"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Spectrum will be observed at  494 K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "J = 4              #Rotational energy level\n",
-    "B = 8.46           #Spectrum, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "T = (2*J+1)**2*h*c*100*B/(2*k)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Spectrum will be observed at %4.0f K'%(T)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.5:pg-352"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function of H2 at 1000 is 5.729\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B = 60.589         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 1000           #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "#Calculations \n",
-    "qR = k*T/(2*h*c*100*B)\n",
-    "qRs = 0.0\n",
-    "#for J in range(101):\n",
-    "#    print J\n",
-    "#    if (J%2 == 0):\n",
-    "#        qRs = qRs + (2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T)\n",
-    "#    else:\n",
-    "#        qRs = qRs + 3*(2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T))\n",
-    "#print qRs/4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.6:pg-353"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function of H2 at  100 K is 928.121\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "B = 0.0374         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 100.0          #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "sigma = 2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "ThetaR = h*c*100*B/k\n",
-    "qR = T/(sigma*ThetaR)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f K is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.7:pg-354"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at  298 K are  140, 16926, and  712 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "Ba = 1.48                        #Spectrum for OCS, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Spectrum for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Spectrum for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
-    "T = 298.0                        #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "sigmab = 1\n",
-    "sigmac = 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qRa = k*T/(h*c*100*Ba)\n",
-    "qRb = (sqrt(pi)/sigmab)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bb[0])*sqrt(1/Bb[1])*sqrt(1/Bb[2])\n",
-    "qRc = (sqrt(pi)/sigmac)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bc[0])*sqrt(1/Bc[1])*sqrt(1/Bc[2])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at %4.0f K are %4.0f, %4.0f, and %4.0f respectively'%(T,qRa,qRb,qRc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.8:pg-356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Vibrational partition function for I2 at  298 and 1000 are 1.58 K and 3.86 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ba = 1.48                        #Frequency for OCS, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Frequency for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
-    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Frequency for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
-    "T298 = 298.0                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "T1000 = 1000                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
-    "nubar  =  208\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qv298 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T298)))\n",
-    "qv1000 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T1000)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Vibrational partition function for I2 at %4d and %4d are %4.2f K and %4.2f respectively'%(T298, T1000,qv298, qv1000)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.9:pg-357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At  450 1/cm the q = 1.128\n",
-      "At  945 1/cm the q = 1.010\n",
-      "At 1100 1/cm the q = 1.005\n",
-      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 298.0 K is 1.146 respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = [450, 945, 1100]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for OClO, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Qv = 1.\n",
-    "for i in nubar:\n",
-    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
-    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
-    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.10:pg-359"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Vibrational partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 10.508\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = 917        #Vibrational mode frequencies for F2, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "ThetaV = h*c*100*nubar/k\n",
-    "Th = 10*ThetaV\n",
-    "qv = 1/(1.-exp(-ThetaV/Th))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Vibrational partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.11:pg-360"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At 1388 1/cm the q = 1.157\n",
-      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
-      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
-      "At 2349 1/cm the q = 1.035\n",
-      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 1000.0 K is 3.139\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 1000           #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "nubar = [1388, 667.4,667.4,2349]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for CO2, 1/cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Qv = 1.\n",
-    "for i in nubar:\n",
-    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
-    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
-    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex14.12:pg-363"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Electronic partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 9.45\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "T = 298.           #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "n = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]   #Energy levels\n",
-    "E0 = [0,137.38,323.46,552.96,2112.28,2153.21,2220.11,2311.36,2424.78]      #Energies, 1/cm\n",
-    "g0 = [4,6,8,10,2,4,6,8,10]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qE = 0.0\n",
-    "for i in range(9):\n",
-    "    a =g0[i]*exp(-h*c*100*E0[i]/(k*T))\n",
-    "    qE = qE + a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Electronic partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.2f'%(T, qE)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_l7idTmT.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_l7idTmT.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bb478dec..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_l7idTmT.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 07: Properties of Real Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.3:pg-175"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(V-Videal) -6.49 L\n",
-      "Percentage error -58.73\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 1.0           #Mass of Methane, kg\n",
-    "T = 230           #Temeprature of Methane, K\n",
-    "P = 68.0          #Pressure, bar \n",
-    "Tc = 190.56       #Critical Temeprature of Methane\n",
-    "Pc = 45.99        #Critical Pressure of Methane\n",
-    "R = 0.08314       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "M = 16.04         #Molecular wt of Methane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "Tr = T/Tc\n",
-    "Pr = P/Pc\n",
-    "z = 0.63          #Methane compressibility factor\n",
-    "n = m*1e3/M\n",
-    "V = z*n*R*T/P\n",
-    "Vig = n*R*T/P\n",
-    "DV = (V - Vig)/V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print '(V-Videal) %4.2f L'%(V-Vig)\n",
-    "print 'Percentage error %5.2f'%(DV*100)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_lzYYAbC.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_lzYYAbC.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6d251294..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_lzYYAbC.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,508 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 17: Transport Phenomena"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.1:pg-427"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Diffusion coefficient of Argon 1.1e-05 m2/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from scipy import constants\n",
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "M = 0.040                  #Molecualar wt of Argon, kh/mol\n",
-    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DAr = (1./3)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M))*(R*T/(P*N_A*sqrt(2)*sigm))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Diffusion coefficient of Argon %3.1e m2/s'%DAr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.2:pg-428"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon 0.790\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "DHebyAr = 4.0 \n",
-    "MAr, MHe = 39.9, 4.0       #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "sigHebyAr = (1./DHebyAr)*sqrt(MAr/MHe)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon %4.3f'%sigHebyAr"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.3:pg-430"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rms displacement at 1000 and 10000 is  0.141 and 0.447 m respectively\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "D = 1.0e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
-    "t1 = 1000                  #Time, s\n",
-    "t10 = 10000                #Time, s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "xrms1 = sqrt(2*D*t1)\n",
-    "xrms10 = sqrt(2*D*t10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'rms displacement at %4d and %4d is  %4.3f and %4.3f m respectively'%(t1,t10,xrms1,xrms10)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.4:pg-432"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time per random walk is 2.045e-11 s or 20.45 ps\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "D = 2.2e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient of benzene, cm2/s \n",
-    "x0 = 0.3                   #molecular diameter of benzene, nm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "t = (x0*1e-9)**2/(2*D*1e-4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Time per random walk is %4.3e s or %4.2f ps'%(t,t/1e-12)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.5:pg-434"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mean free path 2.627e-07 m and collisional cross section 1.10e-19 m2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
-    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
-    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23        #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 39.9                   #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "CvmbyNA = 3.*k/2\n",
-    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
-    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
-    "labda = 3*kt/(CvmbyNA*nuavg*N)\n",
-    "sigm = 1/(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Mean free path %4.3e m and collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(labda, sigm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.6:pg-437"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collisional cross section 2.74e-19 m2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "eta = 227.                  #Viscosity of Ar, muP\n",
-    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
-    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
-    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 39.9                    #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
-    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
-    "m = M*1e-3/NA\n",
-    "labda = 3.*eta*1e-7/(nuavg*N*m)          #viscosity in kg m s units\n",
-    "sigm = 1./(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(sigm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.7:pg-439"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Flow rate is 2.762e-06 m3/s\n",
-      "Cylinder can be used for 4.381e+06 s nearly 50.7 days\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "m = 22.7                    #Mass of CO2, kg\n",
-    "T = 293.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "L = 1.0                     #length of the tube, m\n",
-    "d = 0.75                    #Diameter of the tube, mm\n",
-    "eta = 146                   #Viscosity of CO2, muP\n",
-    "p1 = 1.05                   #Inlet pressure, atm\n",
-    "p2 = 1.00                   #Outlet pressure, atm\n",
-    "atm2pa = 101325             #Conversion for pressure from atm to Pa \n",
-    "M = 0.044                   #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  J mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "p1 = p1*atm2pa\n",
-    "p2 = p2*atm2pa\n",
-    "F = pi*(d*1e-3/2)**4*(p1**2-p2**2)/(16.*eta/1.e7*L*p2)\n",
-    "nCO2 = m/M\n",
-    "v = nCO2*R*T/((p1+p2)/2)\n",
-    "t = v/F\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Flow rate is %4.3e m3/s'%(F)\n",
-    "print 'Cylinder can be used for %4.3e s nearly %3.1f days'%(t, t/(24*3600))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.8:pg-441"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of protein is 3.550 nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "eta = 0.891                 #Viscosity of hemoglobin in water, cP\n",
-    "T = 298.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
-    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
-    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
-    "D = 6.9e-11                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "r = k*T/(6*pi*eta*1e-3*D)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Radius of protein is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.9:pg-442"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Radius of Lysozyme particle is 1.937 nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "s = 1.91e-13                #Sedimentation constant, s\n",
-    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
-    "M = 14100.0                 #Molecualr wt of lysozyme, g/mol\n",
-    "rho = 0.998                 #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
-    "eta = 1.002                 #Viscosity lysozyme in water, cP\n",
-    "T = 293.15                  #Temperature, K\n",
-    "vbar = 0.703                #Specific volume of cm3/g\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "m = M/NA\n",
-    "f = m*(1.-vbar*rho)/s\n",
-    "r = f/(6*pi*eta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Radius of Lysozyme particle is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.10:pg-443"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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f8PVXaamKiohkNnUsMVq6FIYMga98BWbOhCOOiDuRiEjTqWOJQV0d3HcfnHYa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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9adf8d0>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope is 3.78e-04 1/min or 6.299e-06 1/s \n",
-      "Sedimentation factor is 1.899e-13 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t = array([0.0,30.0,60.0,90.0,120.0,150.0])       #Time, min\n",
-    "xb = array([6.00,6.07,6.14,6.21,6.28,6.35])       #Location of boundary layer, cm\n",
-    "rpm = 55000.                                      #RPM of centrifuge \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nx = xb/xb[0]\n",
-    "lnx = log(nx)\n",
-    "A = array([ t, ones(size(t))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,lnx)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
-    "# plotting the line\n",
-    "line = slope*t+intercept # regression line\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "plot(t,line,'-',t,lnx,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ Time, min $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ \\log(x_b/x_{b0}) $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "sbar = (slope/60)/(rpm*2*pi/60)**2\n",
-    "print 'Slope is %6.2e 1/min or %4.3e 1/s '%(slope, slope/60)\n",
-    "print 'Sedimentation factor is %4.3e s'%(sbar)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex17.11:pg-449"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is 0.0258 S.m2/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "LMg = 0.0106                #Ionic conductance for Mg, S.m2/mol\n",
-    "LCl = 0.0076                #Ionic conductance for Cl, S.m2/mol\n",
-    "nMg, nCl = 1, 2             #Coefficients of Mg and Cl  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "LMgCl2 = nMg*LMg + nCl*LCl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is %5.4f S.m2/mol'%(LMgCl2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_n1PODAI.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_n1PODAI.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 504b170b..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_n1PODAI.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,468 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 09: Ideal and Real Solutions"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.2:pg-212"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is -1.371e+04 J\n",
-      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous\n",
-      "Entropy change of mixing is 45.99 J/K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "P = 1.0        #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "xb = nb/n\n",
-    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
-    "dGmix = n*R*T*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
-    "dSmix = -n*R*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is %4.3e J'%dGmix\n",
-    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous'\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of mixing is %4.2f J/K'%dSmix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.3:pg-214"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total pressure of the vapor is 69.8 torr\n",
-      "Benzene fraction in vapor is 0.837 \n",
-      "Toulene fraction in vapor is 0.163 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
-    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "xb = nb/n\n",
-    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
-    "P = xb*P0b + xt*P0t\n",
-    "y = (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
-    "yt = 1.-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total pressure of the vapor is %4.1f torr'%P\n",
-    "print 'Benzene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%y\n",
-    "print 'Toulene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%yt"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.4:pg-215"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mass Balance: 6.75*x + 1.5*y - 5.0\n",
-      "Pressure and x: P - 67.5*x - 28.9\n",
-      "Pressure and y: y - 0.0148148148148148*(96.4*P - 2785.96)/P\n",
-      "Pressure is 66.8 torr\n",
-      "Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase 0.561\n",
-      "Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase 0.810\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, solve\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
-    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
-    "nv = 1.5       #moles vaporized, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "nl = n - nv\n",
-    "zb = nb/n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x,y, P = symbols('x y P')\n",
-    "e1 = nv*(y-zb)-nl*(zb-x)\n",
-    "print 'Mass Balance:', e1\n",
-    "e2 = P - (x*P0b + (1-x)*P0t)\n",
-    "print 'Pressure and x:',e2\n",
-    "e3 = y - (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
-    "print 'Pressure and y:', e3\n",
-    "equations = [e1,e2,e3]\n",
-    "sol = solve(equations)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "for i in sol:\n",
-    "    if ((i[x] > 0.0 and i[x] <1.0) and (i[P] > 0.0) and (i[y]>zb and i[y]<1.0)):\n",
-    "        print 'Pressure is %4.1f torr' %i[P]\n",
-    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase %4.3f' %i[x]\n",
-    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase %4.3f' %i[y]\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.6:pg-222"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Freezing point depression -3.94 K\n",
-      "Molecualr wt of solute 274.2 g/mol\n",
-      "Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of 0.980\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 4.50        #Mass of substance dissolved, g\n",
-    "ms = 125.0      #Mass of slovent (CCl4), g\n",
-    "TbE = 0.65      #Boiling point elevation, °C\n",
-    "Kf, Kb = 30.0, 4.95    #Constants for freezing point elevation \n",
-    "                        # and boiling point depression for CCl4, K kg/mol\n",
-    "Msolvent = 153.8  #Molecualr wt of solvent, g/mol\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DTf = -Kf*TbE/Kb\n",
-    "Msolute = Kb*m/(ms*1e-3*TbE)\n",
-    "nsolute = m/Msolute\n",
-    "nsolvent = ms/Msolvent \n",
-    "x = 1.0 -  nsolute/(nsolute + nsolvent)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Freezing point depression %5.2f K'%DTf\n",
-    "print 'Molecualr wt of solute %4.1f g/mol'%Msolute\n",
-    "print 'Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of %4.3f'%x"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.7:pg-223"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Osmotic pressure 12.23 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "csolute = 0.500 #Concentration of solute, g/L\n",
-    "R = 8.206e-2    #Gas constant L.atm/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298.15      #Temperature of the solution, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "pii = csolute*R*T\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Osmotic pressure %4.2f atm'%pii\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.8:pg-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity of CS2 0.6994 atm\n",
-      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 1.9971 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
-    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
-    "p0CS2 = 512.3   #Total pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alpha = pCS2/p0CS2\n",
-    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.9:pg-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity of CS2 0.1783 atm\n",
-      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 0.5090 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
-    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
-    "kHCS2 = 2010.   #Total pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alpha = pCS2/kHCS2\n",
-    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.10:pg-231"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Henrys constant = 143.38 torr\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "rho = 789.9     #Density of acetone, g/L\n",
-    "n = 1.0         #moles of acetone, mol\n",
-    "M = 58.08       #Molecular wt of acetone, g/mol\n",
-    "kHacetone = 1950 #Henrys law constant, torr\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "H = n*M*kHacetone/rho\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Henrys constant = %5.2f torr'%H"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.11:pg-232"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity coefficient = 0.969\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 0.5         #Mass of water, kg\n",
-    "ms = 24.0       #Mass of solute, g\n",
-    "Ms = 241.0      #Molecular wt of solute, g/mol\n",
-    "Tfd = 0.359     #Freezinf point depression, °C or K\n",
-    "kf = 1.86       #Constants for freezing point depression for water, K kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "msolute = ms/(Ms*m)\n",
-    "gama = Tfd/(kf*msolute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficient = %4.3f'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.12:pg-233"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are 2.46e-03,0.123 mol\n",
-      "Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure 2.981 L\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 70.0        #Mass of human body, kg\n",
-    "V = 5.00        #Volume of blood, L\n",
-    "HN2 = 9.04e4    #Henry law constant for N2 solubility in blood, bar\n",
-    "T = 298.0       #Temperature, K\n",
-    "rho = 1.00      #density of blood, kg/L\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02      #Molecualr wt of water, g/mol\n",
-    "X = 80          #Percent of N2 at sea level\n",
-    "p1, p2 = 1.0, 50.0  #Pressures, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nN21  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p1*X/100)/HN2\n",
-    "nN22  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p2*X/100)/HN2\n",
-    "V = (nN22-nN21)*R*T/p1\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are %3.2e,%3.3f mol'%(nN21,nN22)\n",
-    "print 'Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure %4.3f L'%V"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_nYm4CuE.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_nYm4CuE.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1fc19029..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_nYm4CuE.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1. Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.1:pg-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Final Tyre pressure is 3.61e+05 Pa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "Pi = 3.21e5             #Recommended tyre pressure, Pa\n",
-    "Ti = -5.00              #Initial Tyre temperature, °C\n",
-    "Tf = 28.00              #Final Tyre temperature, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ti = 273.16 + Ti\n",
-    "Tf = 273.16 + Tf\n",
-    "pf = Pi*Tf/Ti           #Final tyre pressure, Pa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Final Tyre pressure is %6.2e Pa'%pf"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.2:pg-9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Moles of He=0.121, Ne=0.303 and, Xe=0.040 in mol\n",
-      "Mole fraction of xHe=0.261, xNe=0.652 and, xXe=0.087\n",
-      "Final pressure is 1.917 bar\n",
-      "Partial pressure of pHe=0.500, pNe=1.250 and, pXe=0.167 in bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "phe = 1.5          #Pressure in Helium chamber, bar\n",
-    "vhe = 2.0          #Volume of Helium chamber, L\n",
-    "pne = 2.5          #Pressure in Neon chamber, bar\n",
-    "vne = 3.0          #Volume of Neon chamber, L\n",
-    "pxe = 1.0          #Pressure in Xenon chamber, bar\n",
-    "vxe = 1.0          #Volume of Xenon chamber, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298            #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "nhe = phe*vhe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Helium, mol\n",
-    "nne = pne*vne/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Neon, mol\n",
-    "nxe = pxe*vxe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Xenon, mol\n",
-    "n = nhe + nne + nxe            #Total number of moles, mol\n",
-    "V = vhe + vne + vxe            #Total volume of system, L\n",
-    "xhe = nhe/n\n",
-    "xne = nne/n\n",
-    "xxe = nxe/n\n",
-    "P = n*R*T/(V)\n",
-    "phe = P*xhe              #Partial pressure of Helium, bar\n",
-    "pne = P*xne              #Partial pressure of Neon, bar\n",
-    "pxe = P*xxe              #Partial pressure of Xenon, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Moles of He=%4.3f, Ne=%4.3f and, Xe=%4.3f in mol'%(nhe,nne,nxe) \n",
-    "print 'Mole fraction of xHe=%4.3f, xNe=%4.3f and, xXe=%4.3f'%(xhe,xne,xxe)\n",
-    "print 'Final pressure is %4.3f bar'%P\n",
-    "print 'Partial pressure of pHe=%4.3f, pNe=%4.3f and, pXe=%4.3f in bar'%(phe,pne,pxe)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex1.4:pg-12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 9.98e-02 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 9.98e-02 bar \n",
-      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 249.4 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 269.9 bar \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math \n",
-    "T = 300.0               #Nitrogen temperature, K\n",
-    "v1 = 250.00             #Molar volume, L\n",
-    "v2 = 0.1                #Molar volume, L\n",
-    "a = 1.37                #Van der Waals parameter a, bar.dm6/mol2 \n",
-    "b = 0.0387              #Van der Waals parameter b, dm3/mol\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2            #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "n = 1.\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1 = n*R*T/v1           \n",
-    "p2 = n*R*T/v2\n",
-    "pv1 = n*R*T/(v1-n*b)- n**2*a/v1**2\n",
-    "pv2 = n*R*T/(v2-n*b)- n**2*a/v2**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.2e bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.2e bar '%(p1, pv1)\n",
-    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.1f bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.1f bar '%(p2, pv2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_oGvJtYD.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_oGvJtYD.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 29d2cd41..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_oGvJtYD.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,421 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 5: Enthalpy and the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.1:pg-90"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Efficiency of heat engine is 0.600\n",
-      "Work done by heat engine is 600.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "Th, Tc = 500.,200.     #Temeperatures IN Which reversible heat engine works, K\n",
-    "q = 1000.              #Heat absorbed by heat engine, J\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "eps = 1.-Tc/Th\n",
-    "w = eps*q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Efficiency of heat engine is %4.3f'%eps\n",
-    "print 'Work done by heat engine is %4.1f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.4:pg-94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 24.43 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 320.,650.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 80.,120.      #Initial and final state volume of CO2, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 31.08,-0.01452,3.1415e-5,-1.4973e-8\n",
-    "                       #Constants in constant volume Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*R*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "dS = dS1 + dS2\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.5:pg-94"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 48.55 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 2.5                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 450.,800.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
-    "                       #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*R*log(pf/pi)\n",
-    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.6:pg-95"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of process is 58.2 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term 2.8e-05\n",
-      "hence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 3.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "Ti, Tf = 300.,600.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.00,3.00     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "cpm = 27.98            #Specific heat of mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "M = 200.59             #Molecualr wt of mercury, g/(mol)\n",
-    "beta = 1.81e-4         #per K\n",
-    "rho = 13.54            #Density of mercury, g/cm3\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "dS1 = n*cpm*log(Tf/Ti)\n",
-    "dS2 = n*(M/(rho*1e6))*beta*(pf-pi)*1e5\n",
-    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS\n",
-    "print 'Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term %3.1e\\nhence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less'%(dS2/dS1)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.7:pg-99"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change of surrounding is  7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Total Entropy changeis  0.0 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "w = -qrev\n",
-    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
-    "dSsur = -dSsys\n",
-    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
-    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.8:pg-100"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Constant external pressure and initial pressure are 2.494e+05 J,and 9.977e+04 J respectively\n",
-      "Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are -2285.4 J,and -3741.3 J respectively\n",
-      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Entropy change of surrounding is 12.47 J/(mol.K)\n",
-      "Total Entropy changeis 4.85 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
-    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
-    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "pext = n*R*T/(vf/1e3)\n",
-    "pi = n*R*T/(vi/1e3)\n",
-    "q = pext*(vf-vi)/1e3\n",
-    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
-    "w = -q\n",
-    "dSsur = -q/T\n",
-    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
-    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Constant external pressure and initial pressure are %4.3e J,and %4.3e J respectively'%(pext,pi)\n",
-    "print 'Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are %4.1f J,and %4.1f J respectively'%(qrev,q)\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
-    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.9:pg-103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is 204.8 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
-    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "D1 = 2.11e-3           #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for K<T<12.97K, in J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = -5.666,0.6927,-5.191e-3,9.943e-4\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 12.97<T<23.66, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A3, B3, C3, D3 = 31.70,-2.038,0.08384,-6.685e-4\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 23.66<T<43.76, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A4 = 46.094 #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 43.76<T<54.39, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A5, B5, C5, D5 = 81.268,-1.1467,0.01516,-6.407e-5\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 54.39<T<90.20K, J, mol, K units\n",
-    "A6, B6, C6, D6 = 32.71,-0.04093,1.545e-4,-1.819e-7\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 90.20<T<298.15 KJ, mol, K units\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
-    "Ltrans1 = 93.80   #Entalpy of transition at 23.66K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans2 = 743.0   #Entalpy of transition at 43.76K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans3 = 445.0   #Entalpy of transition at 54.39K, J/mol\n",
-    "Ltrans4 = 6815.   #Entalpy of transition at 90.20K, J/mol\n",
-    "T1 = 12.97        #Maximum applicabliltiy temeprature for first heat capacity equation, K\n",
-    "T12 = 23.66       #Phase Change temperature from Solid III--II, K\n",
-    "T23 = 43.76       #Phase Change temperature from Solid II--I, K\n",
-    "T34 = 54.39       #Phase Change temperature from Solid I--liquid, K\n",
-    "T45 = 90.20       #Phase Change temperature from liquid--gas, K\n",
-    "Ts = 298.15       #Std. Temeprature, K\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dS1 = n*integrate( (D1*T**3)/T, (T,0,T1)) \n",
-    "dS2 = n*integrate( (A2 + B2*T + C2*T**2 + D2*T**3)/T, (T,T1,T12)) \n",
-    "dS21 = Ltrans1/T12\n",
-    "dS3 = n*integrate( (A3 + B3*T + C3*T**2 + D3*T**3)/T, (T,T12,T23)) \n",
-    "dS31 = Ltrans2/T23\n",
-    "dS4 = n*integrate( (A4)/T, (T,T23,T34)) \n",
-    "dS41 = Ltrans3/T34\n",
-    "dS5 = n*integrate( (A5 + B5*T + C5*T**2 + D5*T**3)/T, (T,T34,T45)) \n",
-    "dS51 = Ltrans4/T45\n",
-    "dS6 = n*integrate( (A6 + B6*T + C6*T**2 + D6*T**3)/T, (T,T45,Ts))\n",
-    "#print dS1+dS2,dS21\n",
-    "#print dS3, dS31\n",
-    "#print dS4, dS41\n",
-    "#print dS5, dS51\n",
-    "#print dS6\n",
-    "dS = dS1+dS2+dS21+dS3+dS31+dS4+dS41+dS5+dS51+dS6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex5.10:pg-105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Entropy change for reaction at  475 K is -88.26 J/(mol.K)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2 formed, mol\n",
-    "p = 1.                 #Pressure of CO2, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A1, B1, C1, D1 = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO2, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = 30.81,-1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, 0.0\n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for O2, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "A3, B3, C3, D3 =  31.08,-1.452e-2,3.1415e-5 ,-1.4793e-8          \n",
-    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298CO = 197.67   #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298CO2 = 213.74  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "DSr298O2 = 205.138  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Tr = 475.           #Reaction temperature, K\n",
-    "Ts = 298.15         #Std. temperature, K\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "v1,v2,v3 = 1.,1./2,1.\n",
-    "DSr = DSr298CO2*v1 - DSr298CO*v1 - DSr298O2*v2\n",
-    "DA = v1*A1-v2*A2-v3*A3\n",
-    "DB = v1*B1-v2*B2-v3*B3\n",
-    "DC = v1*C1-v2*C2-v3*C3\n",
-    "DD = v1*D1-v2*D2-v3*D3\n",
-    "dS = DSr + n*integrate( (DA + DB*T + DC*T**2 + DD*T**3)/T, (T,Ts,Tr)) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change for reaction at %4d K is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%(Tr,dS)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_p39uorO.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_p39uorO.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b5ef632..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_p39uorO.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10: Electrolyte Solutions"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.2:Pg-252"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is 0.050 and for Na2SO4 solution is 0.150, mol/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "M = 0.050       #Molarity for NaCl and Na2SO4 solution, mol/kg\n",
-    "npa, zpa = 1, 1\n",
-    "nma, zma = 1, 1\n",
-    "npb, zpb = 2, 1\n",
-    "nmb, zmb = 1, 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ia = M*(npa*zpa**2 + nma*zma**2)/2\n",
-    "Ib = M*(npb*zpb**2 + nmb*zmb**2)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is %4.3f and for Na2SO4 solution is %4.3f, mol/kg'%(Ia,Ib)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pDWrAlY.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pDWrAlY.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 887d09f2..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pDWrAlY.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,419 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 18: Elementary Chemical Kinetics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.2:pg-461"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 2.00\n",
-      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 1.00\n",
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.201e+08 1./(M.s)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ca0 = [2.3e-4,4.6e-4,9.2e-4]       #Initial Concentration of A, M\n",
-    "Cb0 = [3.1e-5,6.2e-5,6.2e-5]       #Initial Concentration of B, M\n",
-    "Ri  = [5.25e-4,4.2e-3,1.68e-2]     #Initial rate of reaction, M\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alp = log(Ri[1]/Ri[2])/log(Ca0[1]/Ca0[2])\n",
-    "beta = (log(Ri[0]/Ri[1]) - 2*log((Ca0[0]/Ca0[1])))/(log(Cb0[0]/Cb0[1]))\n",
-    "k = Ri[2]/(Ca0[2]**2*Cb0[2]**beta)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%alp\n",
-    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%beta\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1./(M.s)'%k"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.3:pg-466"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.381e-05 1/s\n",
-      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 1.511e+04 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t1by2 = 2.05e4       #Half life for first order decomposition of N2O5, s\n",
-    "x = 60.              #percentage decay of N2O5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
-    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
-    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.4:pg-467 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Rate constant of the reaction: 1.203e-04 1/s\n",
-      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 4.245e+03 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "t1by2 = 5760       #Half life for C14, years\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
-    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#REsults\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
-    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.5:pg-472"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Time required for maximum concentration of A: 13.86 s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "kAbykI = 2.0       #Ratio of rate constants\n",
-    "kA = 0.1           #First order rate constant for rxn 1, 1/s \n",
-    "kI = 0.05          #First order rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "tmax = 1/(kA-kI)*log(kA/kI)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Time required for maximum concentration of A: %4.2f s'%tmax"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.7:pg-476"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: 6.67 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T = 22.0           #Temperature of the reaction,°C\n",
-    "k1 = 7.0e-4        #Rate constants for rxn 1, 1/s\n",
-    "k2 = 4.1e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
-    "k3 = 5.7e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 3, 1/s \n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "phiP1 = k1/(k1+k2+k3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: %4.2f '%(phiP1*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.8:pg-477"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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x4M0FjBk/hkVLFtG2RVvNpis2SkYiImtHs+lERKTkKBmJiEh0SkYiIhKdkpGI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\nYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9358710>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are, -6419.8 and 14.45\n",
-      "Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are 53.37 kJ/mol and 1.88e+06 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot, show, xlabel, ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "T = array([22.7,27.2,33.7,38.0])\n",
-    "k1 = array([7.e-4,9.8e-4,1.6e-3,2.e-3])\n",
-    "R = 8.314 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = T +273.15\n",
-    "x = 1./T\n",
-    "y = log(k1)\n",
-    "A = array([ x, ones(size(x))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,y)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
-    "# plotting the line\n",
-    "line = slope*x+intercept # regression line\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "plot(x,line,'-',x,y,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ 1/T, K^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ log(k) $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "Ea = -slope*R\n",
-    "A = exp(intercept)\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are, %6.1f and %4.2f'%(slope, intercept)\n",
-    "print 'Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are %4.2f kJ/mol and %4.2e 1/s'%(Ea/1e3, A)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.9:pg-482"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Forward Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n",
-      "Backward Rate constant is 4.34e+04 1/s\n",
-      "Apperent Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ea = 42.e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
-    "A  = 1.e12      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
-    "T = 298.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "Kc = 1.0e4      #Equilibrium constant for reaction\n",
-    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "kB = A*exp(-Ea/(R*T))\n",
-    "kA = kB*Kc\n",
-    "kApp = kA + kB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kA\n",
-    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kB\n",
-    "print 'Apperent Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kApp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.10:pg-492"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Estimated rate 6.4e+13 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of 4.0e+07 1/(M.s), \n",
-      "hence the reaction is not diffusion controlled\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Dh = 7.6e-7     #Diffusion coefficient of Hemoglobin, cm2/s\n",
-    "Do2 = 2.2e-5    #Diffusion coefficient of oxygen, cm2/s\n",
-    "rh = 35.        #Radius of Hemoglobin, °A\n",
-    "ro2 = 2.0       #Radius of Oxygen, °A\n",
-    "k = 4e7         #Rate constant for binding of O2 to Hemoglobin, 1/(M.s)\n",
-    "NA =6.022e23    #Avagadro Number\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DA = Dh + Do2\n",
-    "kd = 4*pi*NA*(rh+ro2)*1e-8*DA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Estimated rate %4.1e 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of %4.1e 1/(M.s), \\nhence the reaction is not diffusion controlled'%(kd,k)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex18.11:pg-494"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Forward Rate constant is 9.90e+04 1/s\n",
-      "Backward Rate constant is -12.72 1/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, e\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "Ea = 104e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
-    "A  = 1.e13      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
-    "T = 300.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34   #Plnak constant, Js\n",
-    "c = 1.0         #Std. State concentration, M\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23    #,J/K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dH = Ea - 2*R*T\n",
-    "dS = R*log(A*h*c/(k*T*e**2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%dH\n",
-    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2f 1/s'%dS"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pFmGzk0.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pFmGzk0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 81a699eb..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pFmGzk0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,356 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 19: Complex Reaction Mechanism "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.1:pg-511"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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3eO01eO45uOgiFxVrtAb9y5F0aERMLFUYM2tizz2X9khZsQLuuQc+97m8E1kL0NAbJDuU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\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9aa4048>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Km and k2 are 10.0 mM and 1.1e+05 s-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import numpy as np\n",
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,size\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Ce = 2.3e-9        #Initial value of enzyme concentration, M\n",
-    "r = array([2.78e-5,5.e-5,8.33e-5,1.67e-4])\n",
-    "CCO2 = array([1.25e-3,2.5e-3,5.e-3,20.e-3])\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "rinv = 1./r\n",
-    "CCO2inv = 1./CCO2\n",
-    "xlim(0,850)\n",
-    "ylim(0,38000)\n",
-    "xi = CCO2inv\n",
-    "A = array([ CCO2inv, ones(size(CCO2inv))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,rinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "slope = w[0]\n",
-    "intercept = w[1]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "line = w[0]*CCO2inv+w[1] # regression line\n",
-    "plot(CCO2inv,line,'r-',CCO2inv,rinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ {C_{CO}}_2, mM^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ Rate^{-1}, s/M^{-1} $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "rmax = 1./intercept\n",
-    "k2 = rmax/Ce\n",
-    "Km = slope*rmax\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Km and k2 are %4.1f mM and %3.1e s-1'%(Km*1e3,k2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.2:pg-517"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9acd4a8>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are 0.3449 torr.g/cm3 and 0.0293 g/cm3\n",
-      "K and Vm are 8.48e-02 Torr^-1 and 34.2 cm3/g\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "Vads = array([5.98,7.76,10.1,12.35,16.45,18.05,19.72,21.1])   #Adsorption data at 193.5K\n",
-    "P = array([2.45,3.5,5.2,7.2,11.2,12.8,14.6,16.1])             #Pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Vinv = 1./Vads\n",
-    "Pinv =1./P\n",
-    "xlim(0,0.5)\n",
-    "ylim(0,0.2)\n",
-    "A = array([ Pinv, ones(size(Pinv))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Vinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "m = w[0]\n",
-    "c = w[1]\n",
-    "line = m*Pinv+c # regression line\n",
-    "plot(Pinv,line,'r-',Pinv,Vinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ 1/P, Torr^{-1} $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ 1/V_{abs}, cm^{-1}g $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "Vm = 1./c\n",
-    "K = 1./(m*Vm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are %5.4f torr.g/cm3 and %5.4f g/cm3'%(m,c)\n",
-    "print 'K and Vm are %4.2e Torr^-1 and %3.1f cm3/g'%(K,Vm)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.4:pg-533"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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qmUlEklQzk4gkqWYmEUlSzf4/9Fa7EFJttIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa641f28>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    },
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Slope and intercept are kq = 3.1995e+09 per s and kf = 2.1545e+06 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "CBr = array([0.0005,0.001,0.002,0.003,0.005])                    #C6Br6 concentration, M\n",
-    "tf = array([2.66e-7,1.87e-7,1.17e-7,8.50e-8,5.51e-8])            #Fluroscence life time, s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Tfinv = 1./tf\n",
-    "xlim(0,0.006)\n",
-    "ylim(0,2.e7)\n",
-    "A = array([ CBr, ones(size(CBr))])\n",
-    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
-    "[m,c] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Tfinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
-    "\n",
-    "line = m*CBr+c # regression line\n",
-    "plot(CBr,line,'r-',CBr,Tfinv,'o')\n",
-    "xlabel('$ Br_6C_6, M $')\n",
-    "ylabel('$ tau_f $')\n",
-    "show()\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Slope and intercept are kq = %5.4e per s and kf = %5.4e per s'%(m,c)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.5:pg-536"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Separation Distance at decreased efficiency 11.53\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from scipy.optimize import root\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "r = 11.          #Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
-    "r0 = 9.          #Initial Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
-    "EffD = 0.2      #Fraction decrease in eff\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Effi = r0**6/(r0**6+r**6)\n",
-    "Eff = Effi*(1-EffD)\n",
-    "f = lambda r: r0**6/(r0**6+r**6) - Eff\n",
-    "sol = root(f, 12)\n",
-    "rn = sol.x[0]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Separation Distance at decreased efficiency %4.2f'%rn"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.6:pg-538"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total photon energy absorbed by sample 2.7e+03 J\n",
-      "Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is 7.1e-19 J\n",
-      "Total number of photon absorbed by sample 3.8e+21 photones\n",
-      "Overall quantum yield 0.40\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "mr = 2.5e-3        #Moles reacted, mol\n",
-    "P = 100.0          #Irradiation Power, J/s\n",
-    "t = 27             #Time of irradiation, s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, Js\n",
-    "c = 3.0e8          #Speed of light, m/s\n",
-    "labda = 280e-9     #Wavelength of light, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "Eabs = P*t\n",
-    "Eph = h*c/labda\n",
-    "nph = Eabs/Eph     #moles of photone\n",
-    "phi = mr/6.31e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total photon energy absorbed by sample %3.1e J'%Eabs\n",
-    "print 'Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is %3.1e J'%Eph\n",
-    "print 'Total number of photon absorbed by sample %3.1e photones'%nph\n",
-    "print 'Overall quantum yield %4.2f'%phi"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex19.7:pg-542"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "DGS = 0.111 eV\n",
-      "Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer 2.66e+07 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "#Variable Declarations\n",
-    "r = 2.0e9          #Rate constant for electron transfer, per s\n",
-    "labda = 1.2        #Gibss energy change, eV\n",
-    "DG = -1.93         #Gibss energy change for 2-naphthoquinoyl, eV\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature, K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "DGS = (DG+labda)**2/(4*labda)\n",
-    "k193 = r*exp(-DGS*1.6e-19/(k*T))\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'DGS = %5.3f eV'%DGS\n",
-    "print 'Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer %3.2e per s'%k193"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pYROsHW.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pYROsHW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 351d347c..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pYROsHW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,243 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 3: Importance of State Functions: Internal Energy and Enthalpy"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.2:pg-49"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure increase in capillary 100.0 bar\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "betaOH = 11.2e-4           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of ethanol, °C\n",
-    "betagl = 2.00e-5           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of glass, °C\n",
-    "kOH = 11.0e-5              #Isothermal compressibility of ethanol, /bar\n",
-    "dT = 10.0                  #Increase in Temperature, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "vfbyvi = (1+ betagl*dT)\n",
-    "dP = betaOH*dT/kOH-(1./kOH)*log(vfbyvi)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure increase in capillary %4.1f bar'%dP"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.4:pg-53"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +- 6.0 °C\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "cpsubysy = 1000           #Specific heat ration of surrounding and system\n",
-    "Tpreci = 0.006             #Precision in Temperature measurement, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "dtgas = -cpsubysy*(-Tpreci)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +-%4.1f °C'%dtgas"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.6:pg-54"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dUT = 24.4 J: This is wrongly reported in book\n",
-      "dUV = 4174.1 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 1.0           #number of mole of N2, mol     \n",
-    "Ti = 200.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pi = 5.00         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
-    "Tf = 400.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pf = 20.0         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
-    "a = 0.137         #van der Waals constant a, Pa.m3/(mol2)\n",
-    "b = 3.87e-5       #van der Waals constant b, m3/(mol)\n",
-    "A, B, C, D = 22.5, -1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, -1.0176e-8\n",
-    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
-    "vi = 3.28e-3      #initial volume, m3/mol\n",
-    "vf = 7.88e-3      #Final volume, m3/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dUT = n**2*a*(1./vi-1./vf)\n",
-    "dUV = integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'dUT = %4.1f J: This is wrongly reported in book'%dUT\n",
-    "print 'dUV = %4.1f J'%dUV"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.7:pg-57"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "dH =   46.8 kJ\n",
-      "qp =   30.8 kJ\n",
-      "Error in calculations 34.3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 143.0         #Mass of graphite, g     \n",
-    "Ti = 300.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Tf = 600.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "A, B, C, D, E = -12.19,0.1126,-1.947e-4,1.919e-7,-7.8e-11\n",
-    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
-    "M = 12.01\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T = symbols('T')\n",
-    "dH = (m/M)*integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
-    "expr = A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4\n",
-    "cpm = expr.subs(T,300.)\n",
-    "qp = (m/M)*cpm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "err = abs(dH-qp)/dH\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'dH = %6.1f kJ'%(dH/1000)\n",
-    "print 'qp = %6.1f kJ'%(qp/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Error in calculations %4.1f'%(err*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex3.9:pg-59"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is 39.9 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 124.0         #Mass of liquid methanol, g\n",
-    "Pi = 1.0          #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Ti = 298.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "Pf = 2.5          #Final Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Tf = 425.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
-    "rho = 0.791       #Density, g/cc\n",
-    "Cpm = 81.1        #Specifi heat, J/(K.mol)\n",
-    "M = 32.04\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = m/M\n",
-    "DH = n*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)+ m*(Pf-Pi)*1e-6/rho\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is %4.1f kJ'%(DH/1000)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pmrshQK.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pmrshQK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cfc07351..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pmrshQK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,287 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 16: Kinetic Theory of Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.1:pg-407"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are  498,  244 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
-    "MNe = 0.020       #Molecular wt of Ne, kg/mol\n",
-    "MKr = 0.083       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "vmpNe = sqrt(2*R*T/MNe)\n",
-    "vmpKr = sqrt(2*R*T/MKr)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmpNe,vmpKr)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.2:pg-411"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\n",
-      "at 298 K are  352,  397,  431 m/s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "vmp = sqrt(2*R*T/M)\n",
-    "vave = sqrt(8*R*T/(M*pi))\n",
-    "vrms = sqrt(3*R*T/M)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\\nat 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmp,vave,vrms)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.4, Page Numbe 413"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Number of Collisions 2.45e+27  per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "P = 101325        #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Zc = P*NA/sqrt(2*pi*R*T*M)\n",
-    "Nc = Zc*V \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Number of Collisions %4.2e  per s'%(Nc)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.5:pg-414"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is 9.996e-03 Pa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi,exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "P0 = 1013.25      #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "t = 3600          #time of effusion, s\n",
-    "A = 0.01          #Area, um2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "A = A*1e-12\n",
-    "V = V*1e-3\n",
-    "expo = (A*t/V)*(k*T/(2*pi*M/NA))\n",
-    "P = P0*exp(-expo)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is %4.3e Pa'%(P/101325)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.6:pg-417"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Single particle collisional frequency is 6.9e+09 per s\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "M = 0.044         #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
-    "P  = 101325       #Pressure, N/m2\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "sigm = 5.2e-19    #m2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "zCO2 = (P*NA/(R*T))*sigm*sqrt(2)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M)) \n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Single particle collisional frequency is %4.1e per s'%(zCO2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex16.7:pg-417"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Collisional frequency is 3.14e+34 m-3s-1\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
-    "MAr = 0.04        #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
-    "MKr = 0.084       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
-    "pAr  = 360        #Partial Pressure Ar, torr\n",
-    "pKr  = 400        #Partial Pressure Kr, torr\n",
-    "rAr = 0.17e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Ar, m\n",
-    "rKr = 0.20e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Kr, m\n",
-    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "pAr = pAr*101325/760\n",
-    "pKr = pKr*101325/760\n",
-    "p1 = pAr*NA/(R*T)\n",
-    "p2 = pKr*NA/(R*T)\n",
-    "sigm = pi*(rAr+rKr)**2\n",
-    "mu = MAr*MKr/((MAr+MKr)*NA)\n",
-    "p3 = sqrt(8*k*T/(pi*mu)) \n",
-    "zArKr = p1*p2*sigm*p3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Collisional frequency is %4.2e m-3s-1'%(zArKr)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_rQOLXRQ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_rQOLXRQ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b5ef632..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_rQOLXRQ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 10: Electrolyte Solutions"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex10.2:Pg-252"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is 0.050 and for Na2SO4 solution is 0.150, mol/kg\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "M = 0.050       #Molarity for NaCl and Na2SO4 solution, mol/kg\n",
-    "npa, zpa = 1, 1\n",
-    "nma, zma = 1, 1\n",
-    "npb, zpb = 2, 1\n",
-    "nmb, zmb = 1, 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ia = M*(npa*zpa**2 + nma*zma**2)/2\n",
-    "Ib = M*(npb*zpb**2 + nmb*zmb**2)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is %4.3f and for Na2SO4 solution is %4.3f, mol/kg'%(Ia,Ib)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_rZBRh0H.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_rZBRh0H.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index bb478dec..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_rZBRh0H.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 07: Properties of Real Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex7.3:pg-175"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(V-Videal) -6.49 L\n",
-      "Percentage error -58.73\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 1.0           #Mass of Methane, kg\n",
-    "T = 230           #Temeprature of Methane, K\n",
-    "P = 68.0          #Pressure, bar \n",
-    "Tc = 190.56       #Critical Temeprature of Methane\n",
-    "Pc = 45.99        #Critical Pressure of Methane\n",
-    "R = 0.08314       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "M = 16.04         #Molecular wt of Methane\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "Tr = T/Tc\n",
-    "Pr = P/Pc\n",
-    "z = 0.63          #Methane compressibility factor\n",
-    "n = m*1e3/M\n",
-    "V = z*n*R*T/P\n",
-    "Vig = n*R*T/P\n",
-    "DV = (V - Vig)/V\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print '(V-Videal) %4.2f L'%(V-Vig)\n",
-    "print 'Percentage error %5.2f'%(DV*100)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_uhvyTbu.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_uhvyTbu.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f1b328b..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_uhvyTbu.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,314 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11: Electrochemical Cells, Batteries, and Fuel Cells"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.1:pg-265"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The potential of H+/H2 half cell 0.0083 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, sqrt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "aH = 0.770        #Activity of \n",
-    "fH2 = 1.13        #Fugacity of Hydrogen gas\n",
-    "E0 = 0.0          #Std. electrode potential, V\n",
-    "n = 1.0           #Number of electrons transfered\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "E = E0 - (0.05916/n)*log(aH/sqrt(fH2),10)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The potential of H+/H2 half cell %5.4f V'%E"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.2:pg-266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "0.689 1.019\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E0r1 = -0.877       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)                   \n",
-    "E0r2 = -1.660       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)\n",
-    "E0r3 = +0.071       #Std Electrod potential for Rx3 : AgBr (s) + e- ------> Ag(s) +Br- (aq.)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "#3Fe(OH)2 (s)+ 2Al (s)  <---------> 3Fe (s)  + 6(OH-) + 2Al3+\n",
-    "E0a = 3*E0r1 + (-2)*E0r2\n",
-    "#Fe (s) + 2OH- +   2AgBr (s) -------> Fe(OH)2 (s)  + 2Ag(s) +  2Br- (aq.)\n",
-    "E0b = -E0r1 + (2)*E0r3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print '%5.3f %5.3f'%(E0a,E0b)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.3:pg-267"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E0 for overall reaction is -0.041 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E01 = 0.771      #Rx1 : Fe3+ + e- -----> Fe2+\n",
-    "E02 = -0.447     #Rx2 : Fe2+ + 2e- -----> Fe\n",
-    "F = 96485        #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n1,n2,n3 = 1.,2.,3.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dG01 = -n1*F*E01\n",
-    "dG02 = -n2*F*E02\n",
-    "                #For overall reaction\n",
-    "dG0 = dG01 + dG02\n",
-    "E0Fe3byFe = -dG0/(n3*F)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'E0 for overall reaction is %5.3f V'%(E0Fe3byFe)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.4:pg-268"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is -2.32e+02 and\n",
-      "Std entropy values is -2.41e+02 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E01 = +1.36             #Std. electrode potential for Cl2/Cl\n",
-    "dE0bydT = -1.20e-3      #V/K\n",
-    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "S0H = 0.0               #Std. entropy J/(K.mol) for H+ ,Cl-,H2, Cl2 \n",
-    "S0Cl = 56.5\n",
-    "S0H2 = 130.7\n",
-    "S0Cl2 = 223.1\n",
-    "nH, nCl, nH2, nCl2 = 2, 2, -1,-1\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "dS01 = n*F*dE0bydT\n",
-    "dS02 =nH*S0H + nCl*S0Cl + nH2*S0H2 + nCl2*S0Cl2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is %4.2e and\\nStd entropy values is %4.2e V'%(dS01,dS02)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.5:pg-269"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.55e+37\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E0 = +1.10              #Std. electrode potential for Danniel cell, V\n",
-    "                        #Zn(s) + Cu++ ----->  Zn2+   +  Cu\n",
-    "T = 298.15              #V/K\n",
-    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "R = 8.314               #Gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "K = exp(n*F*E0/(R*T))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(K)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.6:pg-269"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.57e-10\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E = +0.29               #Cell emf, V\n",
-    "n = 2.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ksp = 10**(-n*E/0.05916)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(Ksp)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex11.8:pg-272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are 2.27 V, 0.71 V, and -0.18 V\n",
-      "Zn has positive cell potential of 2.272 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n",
-      "Ag has positive cell potential of 0.710 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "E = +1.51               #EMF for reduction of permangnet, V\n",
-    "E01 = -0.7618           #Zn2+  + 2e-  -------->  Zn (s)\n",
-    "E02 = +0.7996           #Ag+  + e-  -------->  Ag (s)\n",
-    "E03 = +1.6920           #Au+  + e-  -------->  Au (s)        \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "EZn = E - E01\n",
-    "EAg = E - E02\n",
-    "EAu = E - E03\n",
-    "animals = {\"parrot\": 2, \"fish\": 6}\n",
-    "Er = {\"Zn\":EZn,\"Ag\":EAg,\"Au\":EAu}\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are %4.2f V, %4.2f V, and %4.2f V'%(EZn, EAg,EAu)\n",
-    "for i in Er:\n",
-    "    if Er[i] >0.0:\n",
-    "        print '%s has positive cell potential of %4.3f V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion' %(i,Er[i])\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_vVWK1Pz.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_vVWK1Pz.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 504b170b..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_vVWK1Pz.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,468 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 09: Ideal and Real Solutions"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.2:pg-212"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is -1.371e+04 J\n",
-      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous\n",
-      "Entropy change of mixing is 45.99 J/K\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "P = 1.0        #Pressure, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "xb = nb/n\n",
-    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
-    "dGmix = n*R*T*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
-    "dSmix = -n*R*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is %4.3e J'%dGmix\n",
-    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous'\n",
-    "print 'Entropy change of mixing is %4.2f J/K'%dSmix"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.3:pg-214"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total pressure of the vapor is 69.8 torr\n",
-      "Benzene fraction in vapor is 0.837 \n",
-      "Toulene fraction in vapor is 0.163 \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
-    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "xb = nb/n\n",
-    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
-    "P = xb*P0b + xt*P0t\n",
-    "y = (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
-    "yt = 1.-y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total pressure of the vapor is %4.1f torr'%P\n",
-    "print 'Benzene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%y\n",
-    "print 'Toulene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%yt"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.4:pg-215"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Mass Balance: 6.75*x + 1.5*y - 5.0\n",
-      "Pressure and x: P - 67.5*x - 28.9\n",
-      "Pressure and y: y - 0.0148148148148148*(96.4*P - 2785.96)/P\n",
-      "Pressure is 66.8 torr\n",
-      "Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase 0.561\n",
-      "Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase 0.810\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, solve\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
-    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
-    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
-    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
-    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
-    "nv = 1.5       #moles vaporized, mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "n = nb + nt\n",
-    "nl = n - nv\n",
-    "zb = nb/n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x,y, P = symbols('x y P')\n",
-    "e1 = nv*(y-zb)-nl*(zb-x)\n",
-    "print 'Mass Balance:', e1\n",
-    "e2 = P - (x*P0b + (1-x)*P0t)\n",
-    "print 'Pressure and x:',e2\n",
-    "e3 = y - (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
-    "print 'Pressure and y:', e3\n",
-    "equations = [e1,e2,e3]\n",
-    "sol = solve(equations)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "for i in sol:\n",
-    "    if ((i[x] > 0.0 and i[x] <1.0) and (i[P] > 0.0) and (i[y]>zb and i[y]<1.0)):\n",
-    "        print 'Pressure is %4.1f torr' %i[P]\n",
-    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase %4.3f' %i[x]\n",
-    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase %4.3f' %i[y]\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.6:pg-222"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Freezing point depression -3.94 K\n",
-      "Molecualr wt of solute 274.2 g/mol\n",
-      "Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of 0.980\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 4.50        #Mass of substance dissolved, g\n",
-    "ms = 125.0      #Mass of slovent (CCl4), g\n",
-    "TbE = 0.65      #Boiling point elevation, °C\n",
-    "Kf, Kb = 30.0, 4.95    #Constants for freezing point elevation \n",
-    "                        # and boiling point depression for CCl4, K kg/mol\n",
-    "Msolvent = 153.8  #Molecualr wt of solvent, g/mol\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DTf = -Kf*TbE/Kb\n",
-    "Msolute = Kb*m/(ms*1e-3*TbE)\n",
-    "nsolute = m/Msolute\n",
-    "nsolvent = ms/Msolvent \n",
-    "x = 1.0 -  nsolute/(nsolute + nsolvent)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Freezing point depression %5.2f K'%DTf\n",
-    "print 'Molecualr wt of solute %4.1f g/mol'%Msolute\n",
-    "print 'Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of %4.3f'%x"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.7:pg-223"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Osmotic pressure 12.23 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "csolute = 0.500 #Concentration of solute, g/L\n",
-    "R = 8.206e-2    #Gas constant L.atm/(mol.K)\n",
-    "T = 298.15      #Temperature of the solution, K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "pii = csolute*R*T\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Osmotic pressure %4.2f atm'%pii\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.8:pg-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity of CS2 0.6994 atm\n",
-      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 1.9971 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
-    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
-    "p0CS2 = 512.3   #Total pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alpha = pCS2/p0CS2\n",
-    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.9:pg-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity of CS2 0.1783 atm\n",
-      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 0.5090 atm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
-    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
-    "kHCS2 = 2010.   #Total pressure, torr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "alpha = pCS2/kHCS2\n",
-    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.10:pg-231"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Henrys constant = 143.38 torr\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "rho = 789.9     #Density of acetone, g/L\n",
-    "n = 1.0         #moles of acetone, mol\n",
-    "M = 58.08       #Molecular wt of acetone, g/mol\n",
-    "kHacetone = 1950 #Henrys law constant, torr\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "H = n*M*kHacetone/rho\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Henrys constant = %5.2f torr'%H"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.11:pg-232"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Activity coefficient = 0.969\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 0.5         #Mass of water, kg\n",
-    "ms = 24.0       #Mass of solute, g\n",
-    "Ms = 241.0      #Molecular wt of solute, g/mol\n",
-    "Tfd = 0.359     #Freezinf point depression, °C or K\n",
-    "kf = 1.86       #Constants for freezing point depression for water, K kg/mol\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "msolute = ms/(Ms*m)\n",
-    "gama = Tfd/(kf*msolute)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Activity coefficient = %4.3f'%gama"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex9.12:pg-233"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are 2.46e-03,0.123 mol\n",
-      "Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure 2.981 L\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "m = 70.0        #Mass of human body, kg\n",
-    "V = 5.00        #Volume of blood, L\n",
-    "HN2 = 9.04e4    #Henry law constant for N2 solubility in blood, bar\n",
-    "T = 298.0       #Temperature, K\n",
-    "rho = 1.00      #density of blood, kg/L\n",
-    "Mw = 18.02      #Molecualr wt of water, g/mol\n",
-    "X = 80          #Percent of N2 at sea level\n",
-    "p1, p2 = 1.0, 50.0  #Pressures, bar\n",
-    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "nN21  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p1*X/100)/HN2\n",
-    "nN22  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p2*X/100)/HN2\n",
-    "V = (nN22-nN21)*R*T/p1\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are %3.2e,%3.3f mol'%(nN21,nN22)\n",
-    "print 'Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure %4.3f L'%V"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_wQuh21z.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_wQuh21z.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 430c21a8..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_wQuh21z.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,484 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 12: Probability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.1:pg-295"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of picking up any one ball is 1.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Varible declaration\n",
-    "n = range(1,51,1)\n",
-    "Prob = 0\n",
-    "for x in n:\n",
-    "    Prob = 1./len(n) + Prob\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of picking up any one ball is %3.1f'%Prob"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.2:pg-296"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of 52 cards is 1/4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
-    "nheart = 13     #Number of cards with hearts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Pe = Fraction(nheart,n)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of %d cards is'%n,Pe"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.3:pg-297"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is 311875200\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "TotalM = n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)*(n-4)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is %d'%TotalM"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.4:pg-297"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Possible spin states for excited state are  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n1 = 2         #Two spin states for 1st electron in orbit 1\n",
-    "n2 = 2         #Two spin states for 2nd electron in orbit 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M = n1*n1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Possible spin states for excited state are %2d'%M"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.5:pg-298"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are    95040\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 12         #Total Number of players \n",
-    "j = 5          #Number player those can play match\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P = factorial(n)/factorial(n-j)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are %8d'%P"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.6:pg-299"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are  2598960\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52         #Number of cards in std . pack\n",
-    "j = 5          #Number of cards in subset\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "C = factorial(n)/(factorial(j)*factorial(n-j))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are %8d'%C"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.7:pg-300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total number of quantum states are  15\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "x = 6          #Number of electrons\n",
-    "n = 2          #Number of states\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P = factorial(x)/(factorial(n)*factorial(x-n))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total number of quantum states are %3d'%P"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.8:pg-301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is 0.112\n",
-      "Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is 9.124e-06\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 50          #Number of separate experiments\n",
-    "j1 = 25          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
-    "j2 = 10          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "C25 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j1)*factorial(n-j1))\n",
-    "PE25 = Fraction(1,2)**j1\n",
-    "PEC25 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j1)\n",
-    "P25 = C25*PE25*PEC25\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C10 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j2)*factorial(n-j2))\n",
-    "PE10 = Fraction(1,2)**j2\n",
-    "PEC10 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j2)\n",
-    "P10 = C10*PE10*PEC10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3f'%(float(P25))\n",
-    "print 'Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3e'%(float(P10))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.9:pg-302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error\n",
-      " 10       15.10        13.03              2.08\n",
-      " 50       148.48        145.60              2.88\n",
-      "100       363.74        360.52              3.22\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial, log\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "N = [10,50,100]       #Valures for N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "print '  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error'\n",
-    "for i in N:\n",
-    "    lnN = log(factorial(i))\n",
-    "    lnNs = i*log(i)-i\n",
-    "    err = abs(lnN-lnNs)\n",
-    "    print '%3d       %5.2f        %5.2f              %4.2f'%(i,lnN,lnNs, err)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.10:pg-305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of receiving any card 1/52\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "fi = 1       #Probability of receiving any card\n",
-    "n = 52       #Number od Cards\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "sum = 0\n",
-    "for i in range(52):\n",
-    "    sum = sum + fi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pxi = Fraction(fi,sum)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of receiving any card', Pxi"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.11:pg-307"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sum of Px considering it as discrete function 20.4\n",
-      "Sum of Px considering it as contineous function 19.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "fun = lambda x: exp(-0.05*x)\n",
-    "Pt = 0\n",
-    "for i in range(0,101):\n",
-    "    Pt = Pt + fun(i)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "Ptot = integrate.quad(fun, 0.0, 100.)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as discrete function %4.1f'%Pt\n",
-    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as contineous function %4.1f'%Ptot[0]"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.12:pg-308"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "r = Symbol('r')      #Radius of inner circle\n",
-    "C = [5,2,0]\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "A1 = pi*r**2\n",
-    "A2 = pi*(2*r)**2 - A1\n",
-    "A3 = pi*(3*r)**2 - (A1 + A2)\n",
-    "At = A1 + A2 + A3\n",
-    "f1 = A1/At\n",
-    "f2 = A2/At\n",
-    "f3 = A3/At\n",
-    "sf = f1 + f2 + f3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ns = (f1*C[0]+f2*C[1]+f3*C[2])/sf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'A1, A2, A3: ', A1,', ', A2,', ', A3\n",
-    "print 'f1, f2, f3: ', f1,f2,f3\n",
-    "print 'Average payout $', round(float(ns),2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xaYpfMh.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xaYpfMh.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 430c21a8..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xaYpfMh.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,484 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 12: Probability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.1:pg-295"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of picking up any one ball is 1.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Varible declaration\n",
-    "n = range(1,51,1)\n",
-    "Prob = 0\n",
-    "for x in n:\n",
-    "    Prob = 1./len(n) + Prob\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of picking up any one ball is %3.1f'%Prob"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.2:pg-296"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of 52 cards is 1/4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
-    "nheart = 13     #Number of cards with hearts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Pe = Fraction(nheart,n)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of %d cards is'%n,Pe"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.3:pg-297"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is 311875200\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "TotalM = n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)*(n-4)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is %d'%TotalM"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.4:pg-297"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Possible spin states for excited state are  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n1 = 2         #Two spin states for 1st electron in orbit 1\n",
-    "n2 = 2         #Two spin states for 2nd electron in orbit 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M = n1*n1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Possible spin states for excited state are %2d'%M"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.5:pg-298"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are    95040\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 12         #Total Number of players \n",
-    "j = 5          #Number player those can play match\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P = factorial(n)/factorial(n-j)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are %8d'%P"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.6:pg-299"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are  2598960\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52         #Number of cards in std . pack\n",
-    "j = 5          #Number of cards in subset\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "C = factorial(n)/(factorial(j)*factorial(n-j))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are %8d'%C"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.7:pg-300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total number of quantum states are  15\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "x = 6          #Number of electrons\n",
-    "n = 2          #Number of states\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P = factorial(x)/(factorial(n)*factorial(x-n))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total number of quantum states are %3d'%P"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.8:pg-301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is 0.112\n",
-      "Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is 9.124e-06\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 50          #Number of separate experiments\n",
-    "j1 = 25          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
-    "j2 = 10          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "C25 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j1)*factorial(n-j1))\n",
-    "PE25 = Fraction(1,2)**j1\n",
-    "PEC25 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j1)\n",
-    "P25 = C25*PE25*PEC25\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C10 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j2)*factorial(n-j2))\n",
-    "PE10 = Fraction(1,2)**j2\n",
-    "PEC10 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j2)\n",
-    "P10 = C10*PE10*PEC10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3f'%(float(P25))\n",
-    "print 'Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3e'%(float(P10))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.9:pg-302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error\n",
-      " 10       15.10        13.03              2.08\n",
-      " 50       148.48        145.60              2.88\n",
-      "100       363.74        360.52              3.22\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial, log\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "N = [10,50,100]       #Valures for N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "print '  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error'\n",
-    "for i in N:\n",
-    "    lnN = log(factorial(i))\n",
-    "    lnNs = i*log(i)-i\n",
-    "    err = abs(lnN-lnNs)\n",
-    "    print '%3d       %5.2f        %5.2f              %4.2f'%(i,lnN,lnNs, err)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.10:pg-305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of receiving any card 1/52\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "fi = 1       #Probability of receiving any card\n",
-    "n = 52       #Number od Cards\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "sum = 0\n",
-    "for i in range(52):\n",
-    "    sum = sum + fi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pxi = Fraction(fi,sum)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of receiving any card', Pxi"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.11:pg-307"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sum of Px considering it as discrete function 20.4\n",
-      "Sum of Px considering it as contineous function 19.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "fun = lambda x: exp(-0.05*x)\n",
-    "Pt = 0\n",
-    "for i in range(0,101):\n",
-    "    Pt = Pt + fun(i)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "Ptot = integrate.quad(fun, 0.0, 100.)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as discrete function %4.1f'%Pt\n",
-    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as contineous function %4.1f'%Ptot[0]"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.12:pg-308"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "r = Symbol('r')      #Radius of inner circle\n",
-    "C = [5,2,0]\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "A1 = pi*r**2\n",
-    "A2 = pi*(2*r)**2 - A1\n",
-    "A3 = pi*(3*r)**2 - (A1 + A2)\n",
-    "At = A1 + A2 + A3\n",
-    "f1 = A1/At\n",
-    "f2 = A2/At\n",
-    "f3 = A3/At\n",
-    "sf = f1 + f2 + f3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ns = (f1*C[0]+f2*C[1]+f3*C[2])/sf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'A1, A2, A3: ', A1,', ', A2,', ', A3\n",
-    "print 'f1, f2, f3: ', f1,f2,f3\n",
-    "print 'Average payout $', round(float(ns),2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xseHUNW.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xseHUNW.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 04d54ef7..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xseHUNW.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,418 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 02: Heat, Work, Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and The First Law of Thermodynamics"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.1:pg-20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Part a: Work done in expansion is  -16.2 kJ\n",
-      "Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is -1.73 J\n",
-      "Part c: Work done in paasing the cuurent through coil is 1.39 kJ\n",
-      "Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is -1.12 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math  #Part a\n",
-    "vi = 20.0             #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "vf = 85.0             #final volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "Pext = 2.5            #External Pressure against which work is done, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -Pext*1e5*(vf-vi)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part a: Work done in expansion is %6.1f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part b\n",
-    "ri = 1.00             #Initial diameter of bubble, cm\n",
-    "rf = 3.25             #final diameter of bubble, cm\n",
-    "sigm = 71.99          #Surface tension, N/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -2*sigm*4*math.pi*(rf**2-ri**2)*1e-4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is %4.2f J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part c\n",
-    "i = 3.20             #Current through heating coil, A \n",
-    "v = 14.5             #fVoltage applied across coil, volts\n",
-    "t = 30.0             #time for which current is applied,s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = v*i*t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part c: Work done in pasing the cuurent through coil is %4.2f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "k = 100.0             #Constant in F = -kx, N/cm \n",
-    "dl = -0.15            #stretch , cm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "w = -k*(dl**2-0)/2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is %4.2f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.2:pg-22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat added to the water 24.00 kJ\n",
-      "Work done in vaporizing liquid is -1703.84 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math   \n",
-    "m = 100.0            #Mass of water, g \n",
-    "T = 100.0            #Temperature of water, °C\n",
-    "Pext = 1.0           #External Pressure on assembly, bar\n",
-    "x = 10.0             #percent of water vaporised at 1 bar,-\n",
-    "i = 2.00             #current through heating coil, A\n",
-    "v = 12.0             #Voltage applied, v\n",
-    "t = 1.0e3            #time for which current applied, s \n",
-    "rhol = 997           #Density of liquid, kg/m3\n",
-    "rhog = 0.59          #Density of vapor, kg/m3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "q = i*v*t\n",
-    "vi = m/(rhol*100)*1e-3\n",
-    "vf = m*(100-x)*1e-3/(rhol*100) + m*x*1e-3/(rhog*100)\n",
-    "w = -Pext*(vf-vi)*1e5\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat added to the water %4.2f kJ'%(q/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Work done in vaporizing liquid is %4.2f J'%w"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.3:pg-27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Heat removed by water at constant pressure 89.03 kJ\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "m = 1.5              #mass of water in surrounding, kg \n",
-    "dT = 14.2            #Change in temperature of water, °C or K\n",
-    "cp = 4.18            #Specific heat of water at constant pressure, J/(g.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "qp = m*cp*dT\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Heat removed by water at constant pressure %4.2f kJ'%qp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.4:pg-32"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For reverssible Isothermal expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -1.93e+02 J\n",
-      "For Single step reverssible expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -9.22e+03 J\n",
-      "For Two step reverssible expansion\n",
-      "Work done = -1.29e+04 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math \n",
-    "n = 2.0          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
-    "#For reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
-    "Pi1 = 25.0       #Initial Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
-    "Vi1 = 4.50       #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
-    "Pf1 = 4.50       #Fianl Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
-    "Pext = 4.50      #External pressure, bar \n",
-    "Pint = 11.0      #Intermediate pressure, bar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
-    "T1 = Pi1*Vi1/(n*R)\n",
-    "Vf1 = n*R*T1/Pf1\n",
-    "w = -n*R*T1*log(Vf1/Vi1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For reverssible Isothermal expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions Single step irreverssible expansion \n",
-    "\n",
-    "w = -Pext*1e5*(Vf1-Vi1)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Single step reverssible expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions Two step irreverssible expansion \n",
-    "Vint = n*R*T1/(Pint)\n",
-    "w = -Pint*1e5*(Vint-Vi1)*1e-3 - Pf1*1e5*(Vf1-Vint)*1e-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Two step reverssible expansion'\n",
-    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.5:pg-37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "For Path       q         w           DU            DH         \n",
-      "1-2       139463.96  -39840.00    99623.96     139463.96\n",
-      "2-3       -99623.96       0.00   -99623.96    -139463.96\n",
-      "3-1        -5343.33    5343.33        0.00          0.00\n",
-      "Overall    34496.67  -34496.67        0.00          0.00\n",
-      "all values are in J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 0.08314      #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
-    "cvm = 20.79      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 1, bar\n",
-    "v1 = 1.00       #Volume at point 1, L\n",
-    "p2 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 2, bar\n",
-    "v2 = 25.0       #Volume at point 2, L \n",
-    "v3 = 25.0       #Volume at point 3, L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "T1 = p1*v1/(n*R)\n",
-    "T2 = p2*v2/(n*R)\n",
-    "T3 = T1         #from problem statement\n",
-    "        #for path 1-2\n",
-    "DU12 = n*cvm*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "w12 = -p1*1e5*(v2-v1)*1e-3\n",
-    "q12 = DU12 - w12\n",
-    "DH12 = DU12 + n*R*(T2-T1)*1e2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "        #for path 2-3\n",
-    "w23 = 0.0\n",
-    "DU23 = q23 = n*cvm*(T3-T2)\n",
-    "DH23 = -DH12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "        #for path 3-1\n",
-    "DU31 = 0.0       #Isothemal process\n",
-    "DH31 = 0.0\n",
-    "w31 = -n*R*1e2*T1*log(v1/v3)\n",
-    "q31 = -w31\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DU = DU12+DU23+DU31\n",
-    "w = w12+w23+w31\n",
-    "q = q12+q23+q31\n",
-    "DH = DH12+DH23+DH31\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'For Path       q         w           DU            DH         '\n",
-    "print '1-2       %7.2f  %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f'%(q12,w12,DU12,DH12)\n",
-    "print '2-3       %7.2f    %7.2f   %7.2f    %7.2f'%(q23,w23,DU23,DH23)\n",
-    "print '3-1        %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q31,w31,DU31,DH31)\n",
-    "print 'Overall    %7.2f  %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q,w,DU,DH)\n",
-    "print 'all values are in J'"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.6:pg-38"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is 268.5 K\n",
-      "The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is -2937.0 J\n",
-      "The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n",
-      "The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "import math  #Part d\n",
-    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
-    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "cvm = 12.47      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pext = 1.00      #External Pressure, bar\n",
-    "Ti = 325.        #Initial Temeprature, K\n",
-    "pi = 2.50        #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
-    "pf = 1.25        #Final pressure, bar \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations  Adiabatic process q = 0; DU = w\n",
-    "q = 0.0     \n",
-    "Tf = Ti*(cvm + R*pext/pi)/(cvm + R*pext/pf )\n",
-    "DU = w = n*cvm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "DH = DU + n*R*(Tf-Ti)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
-    "print 'The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DH\n",
-    "print 'The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DU\n",
-    "print 'The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%w\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex2.7:pg-40"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Final temperature of cloud 265.2 K\n",
-      "You can expect cloud\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, exp\n",
-    "  #Part d\n",
-    "h1 = 1000.0          #initial Altitude of cloud, m \n",
-    "hf = 3500.0          #Final Altitude of cloud, m \n",
-    "p1 = 0.802           #Pressure at h1, atm \n",
-    "pf = 0.602           #Pressure at hf, atm\n",
-    "T1 = 288.0           #Initial temperature of cloud, K\n",
-    "cp = 28.86           #Specific heat of air, J/mol.K\n",
-    "R = 8.314            #Gas constant, J/mol.K\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Tf = exp(-(cp/(cp-R)-1)/(cp/(cp-R))*log(p1/pf))*T1\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Final temperature of cloud %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
-    "if Tf < 273:\n",
-    "    print 'You can expect cloud'\n",
-    "else:\n",
-    "    print 'You can not expect cloud'"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_yCvUz4t.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_yCvUz4t.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 058c9da8..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_yCvUz4t.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,286 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 13: Boltzmann Distribution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.1:pg-321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The observed weight 1.37e+28 compared to 1.01e+29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "aH = 40         #Number of heads\n",
-    "N = 100         #Total events\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "aT = 100 - aH\n",
-    "We = factorial(N)/(factorial(aT)*factorial(aH))\n",
-    "Wexpected = factorial(N)/(factorial(N/2)*factorial(N/2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The observed weight %5.2e compared to %5.2e'%(We,Wexpected)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.2:pg-322"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At maximum value of ln(W)\n",
-      "Values of N1 : 6162, N2: 2676 and N3: 1162 \n",
-      "Maximum value of ln(W)=   9012\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, diff, log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Varialbe declaration\n",
-    "n = 10000       #Total number of particles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "def ster(i):\n",
-    "    return i*log(i)-i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n1, n2, n3, W = symbols('n1 n2 n3 W',positive=True)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n2 = 5000 - 2*n3\n",
-    "n1 = 10000 - n2 -n3\n",
-    "logW = ster(n) - ster(n1) - ster(n2) - ster(n3) \n",
-    "fun = diff(logW, n3)\n",
-    "dfun = diff(fun, n3)\n",
-    "x0 = 10.0\n",
-    "err = 1.0\n",
-    "while err>0.001:\n",
-    "    f = fun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "    df = dfun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "    xnew = x0 - f/df\n",
-    "    err = abs(x0-xnew)/x0\n",
-    "    x0 = xnew\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x0 = int(x0)\n",
-    "N2 = n2.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "N3 = x0\n",
-    "n1 = n1.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "N1 = n1.subs(n2,N2)\n",
-    "lnW = logW.subs(n3,N3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'At maximum value of ln(W)'\n",
-    "print 'Values of N1 : %4d, N2: %4d and N3: %4d '%(N1, N2,N3)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum value of ln(W)= %6d'%lnW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.3:pg-326"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.048 i.e. 4.8 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "p0 = 0.633        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
-    "p1 = 0.233\n",
-    "p2 = 0.086\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1+p2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f i.e.%4.1f percent'%(p4,p4*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.4:pg-327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "p0 = 0.394        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
-    "p1by2 = 0.239\n",
-    "p2 = 0.145\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1by2+p2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f'%(p4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.5:pg-333"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Partition function is 1.577\n",
-      "Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is 0.085\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "I2 = 208         #Vibrational frequency, cm-1 \n",
-    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "q = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*I2/(k*T)))\n",
-    "p2 = exp(-2*h*c*I2/(k*T))/q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Partition function is %4.3f'%(q)\n",
-    "print 'Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is %4.3f'%(p2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.6:pg-334"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Occupation Number is 0.999990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "B = 1.45         #Magnetic field streangth, Teslas \n",
-    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K \n",
-    "gnbn = 2.82e-26  #J/T\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ahpbyahm = math.exp(-gnbn*B/(k*T))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Occupation Number is %7.6f'%(ahpbyahm)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ys4AGAJ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ys4AGAJ.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 430c21a8..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ys4AGAJ.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,484 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 12: Probability"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.1:pg-295"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of picking up any one ball is 1.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Varible declaration\n",
-    "n = range(1,51,1)\n",
-    "Prob = 0\n",
-    "for x in n:\n",
-    "    Prob = 1./len(n) + Prob\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of picking up any one ball is %3.1f'%Prob"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.2:pg-296"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of 52 cards is 1/4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
-    "nheart = 13     #Number of cards with hearts\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Pe = Fraction(nheart,n)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of %d cards is'%n,Pe"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.3:pg-297"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is 311875200\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "TotalM = n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)*(n-4)\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is %d'%TotalM"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.4:pg-297"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Possible spin states for excited state are  4\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n1 = 2         #Two spin states for 1st electron in orbit 1\n",
-    "n2 = 2         #Two spin states for 2nd electron in orbit 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "M = n1*n1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Possible spin states for excited state are %2d'%M"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.5:pg-298"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are    95040\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 12         #Total Number of players \n",
-    "j = 5          #Number player those can play match\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P = factorial(n)/factorial(n-j)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are %8d'%P"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.6:pg-299"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are  2598960\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 52         #Number of cards in std . pack\n",
-    "j = 5          #Number of cards in subset\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "C = factorial(n)/(factorial(j)*factorial(n-j))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are %8d'%C"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.7:pg-300"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Total number of quantum states are  15\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "x = 6          #Number of electrons\n",
-    "n = 2          #Number of states\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "P = factorial(x)/(factorial(n)*factorial(x-n))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Total number of quantum states are %3d'%P"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.8:pg-301"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is 0.112\n",
-      "Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is 9.124e-06\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "n = 50          #Number of separate experiments\n",
-    "j1 = 25          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
-    "j2 = 10          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "C25 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j1)*factorial(n-j1))\n",
-    "PE25 = Fraction(1,2)**j1\n",
-    "PEC25 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j1)\n",
-    "P25 = C25*PE25*PEC25\n",
-    "\n",
-    "C10 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j2)*factorial(n-j2))\n",
-    "PE10 = Fraction(1,2)**j2\n",
-    "PEC10 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j2)\n",
-    "P10 = C10*PE10*PEC10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3f'%(float(P25))\n",
-    "print 'Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3e'%(float(P10))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.9:pg-302"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error\n",
-      " 10       15.10        13.03              2.08\n",
-      " 50       148.48        145.60              2.88\n",
-      "100       363.74        360.52              3.22\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial, log\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "N = [10,50,100]       #Valures for N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "print '  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error'\n",
-    "for i in N:\n",
-    "    lnN = log(factorial(i))\n",
-    "    lnNs = i*log(i)-i\n",
-    "    err = abs(lnN-lnNs)\n",
-    "    print '%3d       %5.2f        %5.2f              %4.2f'%(i,lnN,lnNs, err)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.10:pg-305"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of receiving any card 1/52\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "fi = 1       #Probability of receiving any card\n",
-    "n = 52       #Number od Cards\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "sum = 0\n",
-    "for i in range(52):\n",
-    "    sum = sum + fi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Pxi = Fraction(fi,sum)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of receiving any card', Pxi"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.11:pg-307"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Sum of Px considering it as discrete function 20.4\n",
-      "Sum of Px considering it as contineous function 19.9\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "from scipy import integrate\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "fun = lambda x: exp(-0.05*x)\n",
-    "Pt = 0\n",
-    "for i in range(0,101):\n",
-    "    Pt = Pt + fun(i)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "Ptot = integrate.quad(fun, 0.0, 100.)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as discrete function %4.1f'%Pt\n",
-    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as contineous function %4.1f'%Ptot[0]"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex12.12:pg-308"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "r = Symbol('r')      #Radius of inner circle\n",
-    "C = [5,2,0]\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "A1 = pi*r**2\n",
-    "A2 = pi*(2*r)**2 - A1\n",
-    "A3 = pi*(3*r)**2 - (A1 + A2)\n",
-    "At = A1 + A2 + A3\n",
-    "f1 = A1/At\n",
-    "f2 = A2/At\n",
-    "f3 = A3/At\n",
-    "sf = f1 + f2 + f3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ns = (f1*C[0]+f2*C[1]+f3*C[2])/sf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'A1, A2, A3: ', A1,', ', A2,', ', A3\n",
-    "print 'f1, f2, f3: ', f1,f2,f3\n",
-    "print 'Average payout $', round(float(ns),2)"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zG1ujSS.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zG1ujSS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 058c9da8..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zG1ujSS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,286 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 13: Boltzmann Distribution"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.1:pg-321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The observed weight 1.37e+28 compared to 1.01e+29\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import factorial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "\n",
-    "aH = 40         #Number of heads\n",
-    "N = 100         #Total events\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "aT = 100 - aH\n",
-    "We = factorial(N)/(factorial(aT)*factorial(aH))\n",
-    "Wexpected = factorial(N)/(factorial(N/2)*factorial(N/2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'The observed weight %5.2e compared to %5.2e'%(We,Wexpected)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.2:pg-322"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At maximum value of ln(W)\n",
-      "Values of N1 : 6162, N2: 2676 and N3: 1162 \n",
-      "Maximum value of ln(W)=   9012\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from sympy import symbols, diff, log\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Varialbe declaration\n",
-    "n = 10000       #Total number of particles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calcualtions\n",
-    "def ster(i):\n",
-    "    return i*log(i)-i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n1, n2, n3, W = symbols('n1 n2 n3 W',positive=True)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n2 = 5000 - 2*n3\n",
-    "n1 = 10000 - n2 -n3\n",
-    "logW = ster(n) - ster(n1) - ster(n2) - ster(n3) \n",
-    "fun = diff(logW, n3)\n",
-    "dfun = diff(fun, n3)\n",
-    "x0 = 10.0\n",
-    "err = 1.0\n",
-    "while err>0.001:\n",
-    "    f = fun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "    df = dfun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "    xnew = x0 - f/df\n",
-    "    err = abs(x0-xnew)/x0\n",
-    "    x0 = xnew\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x0 = int(x0)\n",
-    "N2 = n2.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "N3 = x0\n",
-    "n1 = n1.subs(n3,x0)\n",
-    "N1 = n1.subs(n2,N2)\n",
-    "lnW = logW.subs(n3,N3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'At maximum value of ln(W)'\n",
-    "print 'Values of N1 : %4d, N2: %4d and N3: %4d '%(N1, N2,N3)\n",
-    "print 'Maximum value of ln(W)= %6d'%lnW"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.3:pg-326"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.048 i.e. 4.8 percent\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "p0 = 0.633        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
-    "p1 = 0.233\n",
-    "p2 = 0.086\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1+p2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f i.e.%4.1f percent'%(p4,p4*100)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.4:pg-327"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.222\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "p0 = 0.394        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
-    "p1by2 = 0.239\n",
-    "p2 = 0.145\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1by2+p2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f'%(p4)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.5:pg-333"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Partition function is 1.577\n",
-      "Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is 0.085\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "I2 = 208         #Vibrational frequency, cm-1 \n",
-    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "q = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*I2/(k*T)))\n",
-    "p2 = exp(-2*h*c*I2/(k*T))/q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Partition function is %4.3f'%(q)\n",
-    "print 'Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is %4.3f'%(p2)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex13.6:pg-334"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Occupation Number is 0.999990\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#Variable Declaration\n",
-    "B = 1.45         #Magnetic field streangth, Teslas \n",
-    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
-    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
-    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
-    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K \n",
-    "gnbn = 2.82e-26  #J/T\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "ahpbyahm = math.exp(-gnbn*B/(k*T))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Occupation Number is %7.6f'%(ahpbyahm)\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zKb7eGR.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zKb7eGR.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 860afddf..00000000
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zKb7eGR.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 08: Phase Diagrams and the Relative Stability of Solids, Liquids, and Gases"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.2:Pg.No-195"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 30.7 kJ/mol\n",
-      "Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 86.9 J/mol\n",
-      "Triple point temperature = 267.3 K for benzene\n",
-      "Triple point pressure = 3.53e+03 Pa for benzene\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import log, exp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "Tn = 353.24       #normal boiling point of Benzene, K\n",
-    "pi = 1.19e4       #Vapor pressure of benzene at 20°C, Pa\n",
-    "DHf = 9.95        #Latent heat of fusion, kJ/mol\n",
-    "pv443 = 137.      #Vapor pressure of benzene at -44.3°C, Pa\n",
-    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
-    "Pf = 101325       #Std. atmospheric pressure, Pa\n",
-    "T20 = 293.15      #Temperature in K\n",
-    "P0 = 1.\n",
-    "Pl = 10000.\n",
-    "Ts = -44.3        #Temperature of solid benzene, °C\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "Ts = Ts + 273.15\n",
-    "#Part a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DHv = -(R*math.log(Pf/pi))/(1./Tn-1./T20)\n",
-    "#Part b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "DSv = DHv/Tn\n",
-    "DHf = DHf*1e3\n",
-    "#Part c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ttp = -DHf/(R*(math.log(Pl/P0)-math.log(pv443/P0)-(DHv+DHf)/(R*Ts)+DHv/(R*T20)))\n",
-    "Ptp = exp(-DHv/R*(1./Ttp-1./Tn))*101325\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %4.1f kJ/mol'%(DHv/1000)\n",
-    "print 'Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %3.1f J/mol'%DSv\n",
-    "print 'Triple point temperature = %4.1f K for benzene'%Ttp\n",
-    "print 'Triple point pressure = %4.2e Pa for benzene'%Ptp"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.3:Pg.No-200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Force exerted by one leg 5.428e-05 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos, pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
-    "r = 1.2e-4        #Radius of hemisphere, m\n",
-    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "DP = 2*gama*cos(theta)/r\n",
-    "F = DP*pi*r**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Force exerted by one leg %5.3e N'%F"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Ex8.4:Pg.No-200"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Height to which water can rise by capillary action is 0.74 m\n",
-      "This is very less than 100.0 n, hence water can not reach top of tree\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
-    "r = 2e-5          #Radius of xylem, m\n",
-    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
-    "rho = 997.0       #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
-    "g = 9.81          #gravitational acceleration, m/s2\n",
-    "H = 100           #Height at top of redwood tree, m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculations\n",
-    "h = 2*gama/(rho*g*r*cos(theta))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Results\n",
-    "print 'Height to which water can rise by capillary action is %3.2f m'%h\n",
-    "print 'This is very less than %4.1f n, hence water can not reach top of tree'%H"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index f0595b96..f0595b96 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 4340223a..4340223a 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 4340223a..4340223a 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
index 475c2087..475c2087 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 55f3b3b7..55f3b3b7 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index 3f6328f7..3f6328f7 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index 3f6328f7..3f6328f7 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
index f81fc6cb..f81fc6cb 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index 4931c306..4931c306 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index 4931c306..4931c306 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
index 5882ec6a..5882ec6a 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter14.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index 90cd2965..90cd2965 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
index 90cd2965..90cd2965 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter14_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
index e68989e1..e68989e1 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter15.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index 4c41f511..4c41f511 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
index 4c41f511..4c41f511 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter15_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
index 06d1ae22..06d1ae22 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter16.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
index 6fea7c1c..6fea7c1c 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
index 6fea7c1c..6fea7c1c 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter16_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
index fad471bd..fad471bd 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index f0595b96..f0595b96 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
index a932b26d..a932b26d 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 7f060e84..7f060e84 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index 7f060e84..7f060e84 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
index 839871b2..839871b2 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index a979f7eb..a979f7eb 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 166aa580..166aa580 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index aa6b155b..aa6b155b 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 7bc6260b..7bc6260b 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index 7bc6260b..7bc6260b 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
index da9d0c86..da9d0c86 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index b76b5c41..b76b5c41 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index b76b5c41..b76b5c41 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
index 9d387c11..9d387c11 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 1eff42bc..1eff42bc 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index 08aa4c71..08aa4c71 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
index 0e5e03ba..0e5e03ba 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 9c92b722..9c92b722 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index 9c92b722..9c92b722 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
index f17843d0..f17843d0 100755
--- a/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya/chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/1000_solved_Problems_in_Fluid_Mechanics_includes_Hydraulic_machines_by_K.Subramanya_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/APPLIED_PHYSICS_by_M,_ARUMUGAM/Chapter_6b.ipynb b/backup/APPLIED_PHYSICS_by_M,_ARUMUGAM_version_backup/Chapter.ipynb
index ac079778..ac079778 100755
--- a/APPLIED_PHYSICS_by_M,_ARUMUGAM/Chapter_6b.ipynb
+++ b/backup/APPLIED_PHYSICS_by_M,_ARUMUGAM_version_backup/Chapter.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch2.ipynb b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index 11572a64..11572a64 100755
--- a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch3.ipynb b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 21e7112d..21e7112d 100755
--- a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch4.ipynb b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index fd3f3073..fd3f3073 100755
--- a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch5.ipynb b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index 6eb31891..6eb31891 100755
--- a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch6.ipynb b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 2166ed92..2166ed92 100755
--- a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch7.ipynb b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index b7ea5d39..b7ea5d39 100755
--- a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch8.ipynb b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index a31428ca..a31428ca 100755
--- a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch9.ipynb b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index 0bd1bdf2..0bd1bdf2 100755
--- a/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Course_In_Mechanical_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_And_P._Sawhney_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER2.ipynb b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER2.ipynb
index 8c147e73..8c147e73 100755
--- a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER4.ipynb b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER4.ipynb
index fe19aa3d..fe19aa3d 100755
--- a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb
index 6cad2def..6cad2def 100755
--- a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER5.ipynb b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER5.ipynb
index 9c516a0f..9c516a0f 100755
--- a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER5_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER5_1.ipynb
index 41ba1638..41ba1638 100755
--- a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER6.ipynb b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER6.ipynb
index a434400f..a434400f 100755
--- a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER6_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER6_1.ipynb
index a434400f..a434400f 100755
--- a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER7.ipynb b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER7.ipynb
index f357767f..f357767f 100755
--- a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb
index eb633575..eb633575 100755
--- a/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_Course_on_Electrical_Drives_by_S._K._Pillai_version_backup/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 6bb23256..6bb23256 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 6bb23256..6bb23256 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index b51ed5ad..b51ed5ad 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index b51ed5ad..b51ed5ad 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 1f9a4a84..1f9a4a84 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index 1f9a4a84..1f9a4a84 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 84f2242b..84f2242b 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index 84f2242b..84f2242b 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index e1fefdcb..e1fefdcb 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index e1fefdcb..e1fefdcb 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index a3c3fdf3..a3c3fdf3 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index a3c3fdf3..a3c3fdf3 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 0380f60d..0380f60d 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 0380f60d..0380f60d 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index e2aad83c..e2aad83c 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index e2aad83c..e2aad83c 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index aa78904d..aa78904d 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index aa78904d..aa78904d 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 2121f615..2121f615 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index 2121f615..2121f615 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 34f208c0..34f208c0 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 34f208c0..34f208c0 100755
--- a/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_First_course_in_Programming_with_C_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 1d7aa613..1d7aa613 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index f804a94c..f804a94c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 2912a3a1..2912a3a1 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 90f9fcf9..90f9fcf9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 4a3dedcc..4a3dedcc 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 8b98db8f..8b98db8f 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index e486ebd1..e486ebd1 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index b7106c74..b7106c74 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 212cffad..212cffad 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index ec194fbe..ec194fbe 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_Satya_Prakash_And_Saurabh_Rawat_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 2ca36fdf..2ca36fdf 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 7ced75e1..7ced75e1 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 2e8d2e4e..2e8d2e4e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 1a941a59..1a941a59 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index fd70c5b8..fd70c5b8 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 0852b1be..0852b1be 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index 24b8e0d7..24b8e0d7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter18.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
index d80a182f..d80a182f 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter19.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index 9cd6b0d3..9cd6b0d3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter21.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
index 4528f908..4528f908 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter22.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
index 86088884..86088884 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter23.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
index d7f5b70f..d7f5b70f 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter24.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter24.ipynb
index 67066c07..67066c07 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter24.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 024db2ff..024db2ff 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index f25c1843..f25c1843 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 5992fd39..5992fd39 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 1db562d5..1db562d5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index ff6879b2..ff6879b2 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_Of_Engineering_Physics_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 65da7c23..65da7c23 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 15727ca2..15727ca2 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
index 15727ca2..15727ca2 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter3_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter3_3.ipynb
index 15727ca2..15727ca2 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter3_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter3_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter3_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter3_4.ipynb
index 15727ca2..15727ca2 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter3_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter3_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 68901472..68901472 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index acfafc0a..acfafc0a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
index acfafc0a..acfafc0a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter4_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter4_3.ipynb
index acfafc0a..acfafc0a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter4_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter4_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter4_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter4_4.ipynb
index acfafc0a..acfafc0a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter4_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter4_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index b6a2ec4a..b6a2ec4a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index f39edb9d..f39edb9d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
index f39edb9d..f39edb9d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter5_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter5_3.ipynb
index f39edb9d..f39edb9d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter5_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter5_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter5_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter5_4.ipynb
index f39edb9d..f39edb9d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter5_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter5_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 6813a88d..6813a88d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 6813a88d..6813a88d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
index 6813a88d..6813a88d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter6_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter6_3.ipynb
index 6813a88d..6813a88d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter6_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter6_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 4e097821..4e097821 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 7ce6b4d7..7ce6b4d7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
index 7ce6b4d7..7ce6b4d7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter7_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter7_3.ipynb
index 7ce6b4d7..7ce6b4d7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter7_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter7_4.ipynb
index 7ce6b4d7..7ce6b4d7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter7_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter7_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 5fa6ffa7..5fa6ffa7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 5fa6ffa7..5fa6ffa7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
index 5fa6ffa7..5fa6ffa7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter9_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
index 5fa6ffa7..5fa6ffa7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/Chapter9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index fdcf1d33..fdcf1d33 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 3867129e..3867129e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
index 3867129e..3867129e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter10_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
index 3867129e..3867129e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter10_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
index 3867129e..3867129e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter10_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index af5975b6..af5975b6 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index db1d8605..db1d8605 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
index fd5aacd4..fd5aacd4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter12_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
index 7c463992..7c463992 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter12_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter12_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
index e1fdf7ce..e1fdf7ce 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter12_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index cd4217e0..cd4217e0 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index 656038ce..656038ce 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
index 656038ce..656038ce 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter13_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
index 656038ce..656038ce 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter13_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter13_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
index 656038ce..656038ce 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter13_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter14.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index 6ee9bfc6..6ee9bfc6 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
index 5b0c9312..5b0c9312 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter14_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
index 5b0c9312..5b0c9312 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter14_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter14_3.ipynb
index 5b0c9312..5b0c9312 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter14_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter14_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter14_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter14_4.ipynb
index 5b0c9312..5b0c9312 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter14_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter14_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter15.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index fa5702ae..fa5702ae 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
index a76f6609..a76f6609 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter15_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
index a76f6609..a76f6609 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter15_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter15_3.ipynb
index a76f6609..a76f6609 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter15_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter15_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter15_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter15_4.ipynb
index a76f6609..a76f6609 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter15_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter15_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter16.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
index cfb29b2b..cfb29b2b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
index 0290271b..0290271b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter16_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
index e935b533..e935b533 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter16_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter16_3.ipynb
index 7e5edce2..7e5edce2 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter16_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter16_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter16_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter16_4.ipynb
index 7e5edce2..7e5edce2 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter16_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter16_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter17.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
index d7ffb2cd..d7ffb2cd 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter17_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter17_1.ipynb
index af280168..af280168 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter17_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter17_2.ipynb
index af280168..af280168 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter17_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter17_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter17_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter17_3.ipynb
index af280168..af280168 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter17_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter17_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter17_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter17_4.ipynb
index af280168..af280168 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter17_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter17_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter19.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
index 16e72ee2..16e72ee2 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter19_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter19_1.ipynb
index b30b4176..b30b4176 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter19_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter19_2.ipynb
index b30b4176..b30b4176 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter19_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter19_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter19_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter19_3.ipynb
index b30b4176..b30b4176 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter19_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter19_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter19_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter19_4.ipynb
index b30b4176..b30b4176 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter19_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter19_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter20.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter20.ipynb
index b1b60ffd..b1b60ffd 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter20_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter20_1.ipynb
index 1f38d9f5..1f38d9f5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter20_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter20_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter20_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter20_2.ipynb
index 1f38d9f5..1f38d9f5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter20_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter20_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter20_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter20_3.ipynb
index 1f38d9f5..1f38d9f5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter20_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter20_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter20_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter20_4.ipynb
index 1f38d9f5..1f38d9f5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter20_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter20_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter21.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
index 90d70688..90d70688 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter21_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter21_1.ipynb
index e1d036bc..e1d036bc 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter21_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter21_2.ipynb
index e1d036bc..e1d036bc 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter21_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter21_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter21_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter21_3.ipynb
index e1d036bc..e1d036bc 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter21_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter21_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter21_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter21_4.ipynb
index e1d036bc..e1d036bc 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter21_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter21_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter22.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
index f4318b5d..f4318b5d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter22_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter22_1.ipynb
index 3a89f3a2..3a89f3a2 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter22_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter22_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter22_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter22_2.ipynb
index 97a9ee62..97a9ee62 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter22_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter22_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter22_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter22_3.ipynb
index 3a6e745d..3a6e745d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter22_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter22_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter22_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter22_4.ipynb
index 3a6e745d..3a6e745d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter22_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter22_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter23.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
index 7138bc51..7138bc51 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter23_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter23_1.ipynb
index 8770eb00..8770eb00 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter23_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter23_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter23_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter23_2.ipynb
index 8770eb00..8770eb00 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter23_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter23_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter23_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter23_3.ipynb
index 8770eb00..8770eb00 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter23_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter23_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter23_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter23_4.ipynb
index 8770eb00..8770eb00 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter23_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter23_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter24.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter24.ipynb
index 4d55480e..4d55480e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter24.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter24_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter24_1.ipynb
index 8d4d7f99..8d4d7f99 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter24_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter24_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter24_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter24_2.ipynb
index 8d4d7f99..8d4d7f99 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter24_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter24_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter24_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter24_3.ipynb
index 8d4d7f99..8d4d7f99 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter24_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter24_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter24_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter24_4.ipynb
index 8d4d7f99..8d4d7f99 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter24_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter24_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter25.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter25.ipynb
index f8bc3073..f8bc3073 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter25.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter25.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter25_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter25_1.ipynb
index 586d46b8..586d46b8 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter25_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter25_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter25_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter25_2.ipynb
index 586d46b8..586d46b8 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter25_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter25_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter25_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter25_3.ipynb
index 586d46b8..586d46b8 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter25_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter25_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter25_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter25_4.ipynb
index 586d46b8..586d46b8 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter25_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter25_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter26.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter26.ipynb
index ca1ec8e1..ca1ec8e1 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter26.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter26_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter26_1.ipynb
index 41dd2f3c..41dd2f3c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter26_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter26_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter26_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter26_2.ipynb
index 41dd2f3c..41dd2f3c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter26_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter26_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter26_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter26_3.ipynb
index 41dd2f3c..41dd2f3c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter26_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter26_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter26_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter26_4.ipynb
index 41dd2f3c..41dd2f3c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter26_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter26_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter27.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter27.ipynb
index d7d2ab65..d7d2ab65 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter27.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter27.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter27_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter27_1.ipynb
index 3b68d0e7..3b68d0e7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter27_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter27_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter27_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter27_2.ipynb
index 6dd50156..6dd50156 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter27_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter27_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter27_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter27_3.ipynb
index 433935a4..433935a4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter27_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter27_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter27_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter27_4.ipynb
index 433935a4..433935a4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter27_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter27_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter28.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter28.ipynb
index fe194eef..fe194eef 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter28.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter28.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter28_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter28_1.ipynb
index 6c1d54c3..6c1d54c3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter28_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter28_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter28_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter28_2.ipynb
index 6c1d54c3..6c1d54c3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter28_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter28_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter28_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter28_3.ipynb
index 6c1d54c3..6c1d54c3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter28_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter28_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter28_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter28_4.ipynb
index 6c1d54c3..6c1d54c3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter28_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter28_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter29.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter29.ipynb
index 8940284b..8940284b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter29.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter29.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter29_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter29_1.ipynb
index 893f02e3..893f02e3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter29_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter29_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter29_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter29_2.ipynb
index 893f02e3..893f02e3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter29_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter29_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter29_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter29_3.ipynb
index 893f02e3..893f02e3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter29_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter29_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter29_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter29_4.ipynb
index 893f02e3..893f02e3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter29_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter29_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter30.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter30.ipynb
index 2a7d1b54..2a7d1b54 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter30.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter30.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter30_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter30_1.ipynb
index 5022e4aa..5022e4aa 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter30_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter30_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter30_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter30_2.ipynb
index b56a1890..b56a1890 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter30_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter30_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter30_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter30_3.ipynb
index 8b4fe821..8b4fe821 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter30_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter30_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter30_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter30_4.ipynb
index 8b4fe821..8b4fe821 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter30_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter30_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter31.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter31.ipynb
index 126965bf..126965bf 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter31.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter31.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter31_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter31_1.ipynb
index d0e5134b..d0e5134b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter31_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter31_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter31_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter31_2.ipynb
index d0e5134b..d0e5134b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter31_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter31_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter31_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter31_3.ipynb
index d0e5134b..d0e5134b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter31_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter31_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter31_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter31_4.ipynb
index d0e5134b..d0e5134b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter31_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter31_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter32.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter32.ipynb
index 8c77bf9a..8c77bf9a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter32.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter32.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter32_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter32_1.ipynb
index 039f6acb..039f6acb 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter32_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter32_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter32_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter32_2.ipynb
index 780e8427..780e8427 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter32_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter32_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter32_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter32_3.ipynb
index 183fa27e..183fa27e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter32_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter32_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter32_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter32_4.ipynb
index 183fa27e..183fa27e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter32_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter32_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter33.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter33.ipynb
index 20952aec..20952aec 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter33.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter33.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter33_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter33_1.ipynb
index d276e25a..d276e25a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter33_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter33_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter33_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter33_2.ipynb
index 135cb4bc..135cb4bc 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter33_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter33_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter33_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter33_3.ipynb
index 2f56c049..2f56c049 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter33_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter33_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter33_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter33_4.ipynb
index 16fb1982..16fb1982 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter33_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter33_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter34.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter34.ipynb
index cb56befb..cb56befb 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter34.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter34.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter34_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter34_1.ipynb
index cb56befb..cb56befb 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter34_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter34_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter34_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter34_2.ipynb
index cb56befb..cb56befb 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter34_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter34_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter34_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter34_3.ipynb
index cb56befb..cb56befb 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter34_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter34_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter34_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter34_4.ipynb
index cb56befb..cb56befb 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter34_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter34_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter35.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter35.ipynb
index de508079..de508079 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter35.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter35.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter35_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter35_1.ipynb
index e1272c10..e1272c10 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter35_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter35_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter35_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter35_2.ipynb
index e07b481a..e07b481a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter35_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter35_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter35_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter35_3.ipynb
index 436d3a0b..436d3a0b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter35_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter35_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter35_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter35_4.ipynb
index 3c5c201e..3c5c201e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter35_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter35_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter36.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter36.ipynb
index 82205bce..82205bce 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter36.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter36.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter36_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter36_1.ipynb
index 82205bce..82205bce 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter36_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter36_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter36_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter36_2.ipynb
index 82205bce..82205bce 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter36_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter36_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter36_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter36_3.ipynb
index 82205bce..82205bce 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter36_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter36_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter36_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter36_4.ipynb
index 82205bce..82205bce 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha/chapter36_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Applied_Electronics_by_R_S_Sedha_version_backup/chapter36_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap10.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap10.ipynb
index f57bdbb9..f57bdbb9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap10_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap10_1.ipynb
index f57bdbb9..f57bdbb9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap11.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap11.ipynb
index e56e99a4..e56e99a4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap11.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap11_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap11_1.ipynb
index e56e99a4..e56e99a4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap12.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap12.ipynb
index 3a0afb22..3a0afb22 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap12.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap12_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap12_1.ipynb
index 3a0afb22..3a0afb22 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap13.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap13.ipynb
index 7a012030..7a012030 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap13.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap13_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap13_1.ipynb
index 7a012030..7a012030 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap16.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap16.ipynb
index 1f07a826..1f07a826 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap16.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap16_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap16_1.ipynb
index f6fdd499..f6fdd499 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap17.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap17.ipynb
index 34511b15..34511b15 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap17.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap17_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap17_1.ipynb
index d1a76597..d1a76597 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap18.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap18.ipynb
index 2161d14f..2161d14f 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap18.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap18_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap18_1.ipynb
index 2161d14f..2161d14f 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap19.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap19.ipynb
index 643d6338..643d6338 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap19.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap19_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap19_1.ipynb
index 4d1188c0..4d1188c0 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap20.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap20.ipynb
index 8176c9b7..8176c9b7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap20.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap20_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap20_1.ipynb
index 8176c9b7..8176c9b7 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap20_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap20_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap21.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap21.ipynb
index 56603bf0..56603bf0 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap21.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap21_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap21_1.ipynb
index 56603bf0..56603bf0 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap22.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap22.ipynb
index d28c4e5e..d28c4e5e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap22.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap22_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap22_1.ipynb
index d28c4e5e..d28c4e5e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap22_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap22_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap23.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap23.ipynb
index 34612b3b..34612b3b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap23.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap23_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap23_1.ipynb
index 34612b3b..34612b3b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap23_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap24.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap24.ipynb
index a313e56d..a313e56d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap24.ipynb
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap24_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap24_1.ipynb
index a313e56d..a313e56d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap24_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap25.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap25.ipynb
index 005ed477..005ed477 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap25.ipynb
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap25_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap25_1.ipynb
index cf6ed37c..cf6ed37c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap25_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap26.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap26.ipynb
index 8347559d..8347559d 100755
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap26_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap26_1.ipynb
index 35554731..35554731 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap26_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap27.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap27.ipynb
index 865701c9..865701c9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap27.ipynb
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap27_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap27_1.ipynb
index 865701c9..865701c9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap27_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap28.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap28.ipynb
index a611d86e..a611d86e 100755
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap28_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap28_1.ipynb
index dea0e081..dea0e081 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap28_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap29.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap29.ipynb
index d5f209eb..d5f209eb 100755
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap29_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap29_1.ipynb
index 8536a43b..8536a43b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap29_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap3.ipynb
index a0dd18af..a0dd18af 100755
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap30.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap30.ipynb
index 9bf4e426..9bf4e426 100755
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap30_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap30_1.ipynb
index 9bf4e426..9bf4e426 100755
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap31.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap31.ipynb
index 725b5278..725b5278 100755
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap31_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap31_1.ipynb
index 725b5278..725b5278 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap31_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap32.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap32.ipynb
index 62602e6d..62602e6d 100755
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap32_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap32_1.ipynb
index 62602e6d..62602e6d 100755
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap33.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap33.ipynb
index 0cf8e809..0cf8e809 100755
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap33_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap33_1.ipynb
index 51b66e83..51b66e83 100755
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+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap33_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap34.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap34.ipynb
index cb43e565..cb43e565 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap34.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap34.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap34_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap34_1.ipynb
index 16a4ff5c..16a4ff5c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap34_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap34_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap3_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap3_1.ipynb
index abc387fe..abc387fe 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap5.ipynb
index a618bb8b..a618bb8b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap5_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap5_1.ipynb
index 5bd9c597..5bd9c597 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap7.ipynb
index 8d552ef5..8d552ef5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap7_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap7_1.ipynb
index 8d552ef5..8d552ef5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap8.ipynb
index 3963e259..3963e259 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap8_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap8_1.ipynb
index 3963e259..3963e259 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap9.ipynb
index f290a4a5..f290a4a5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap9_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap9_1.ipynb
index f290a4a5..f290a4a5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha_version_backup/Chap9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 1a908ccf..1a908ccf 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 7e0c843a..7e0c843a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 54dc2c04..54dc2c04 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index 332359b5..332359b5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 44e9db0e..44e9db0e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index ebc24f18..ebc24f18 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 671351b1..671351b1 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
index 771df52c..771df52c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 595c1b91..595c1b91 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter16_1.ipynb
index dfe026ea..dfe026ea 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index d71f918b..d71f918b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter17_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter17_1.ipynb
index ea15fdfe..ea15fdfe 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 64a0c9b8..64a0c9b8 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter21.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
index ce855c6a..ce855c6a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter21_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter21_1.ipynb
index 4440e2e4..4440e2e4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter22.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
index 1c0709f3..1c0709f3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter22_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter22_1.ipynb
index 0b492269..0b492269 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter22_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter22_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter23.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
index 9241adf2..9241adf2 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter23_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter23_1.ipynb
index fd58642f..fd58642f 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter23_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter23_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter26.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter26.ipynb
index 53a9b185..53a9b185 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter26.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter26_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter26_1.ipynb
index b7473fc2..b7473fc2 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter26_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter26_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 252c5ac6..252c5ac6 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 7fd3e894..7fd3e894 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index cfbc5330..cfbc5330 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 59ab8ead..59ab8ead 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 8c47225e..8c47225e 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index b6a98e43..b6a98e43 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 549b20dd..549b20dd 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_of_Production_Engineering_by_P._C._Sharma_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.2.ipynb
index 95d43da5..95d43da5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.3.ipynb
index 29dffa71..29dffa71 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.7.ipynb
index 3eec90bd..3eec90bd 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1_2.ipynb
index 95d43da5..95d43da5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1_3.ipynb
index 29dffa71..29dffa71 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.10.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.10.ipynb
index 7b72b4d3..7b72b4d3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.11.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.11.ipynb
index 6629542a..6629542a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.11.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.13.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.13.ipynb
index 9befa577..9befa577 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.13.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.14.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.14.ipynb
index 48461e9b..48461e9b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.14.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.15.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.15.ipynb
index 2b3cff19..2b3cff19 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.15.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.16.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.16.ipynb
index 7952cd20..7952cd20 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.16.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.17.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.17.ipynb
index 0cc972b6..0cc972b6 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.17.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.18.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.18.ipynb
index df0dd32f..df0dd32f 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.18.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.2.ipynb
index 9152bc62..9152bc62 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.3.ipynb
index b84ccb99..b84ccb99 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.4.ipynb
index 8e0db729..8e0db729 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.5.ipynb
index 64c1051c..64c1051c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.6.ipynb
index 19757347..19757347 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.7.ipynb
index 87ce3d0c..87ce3d0c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.8.ipynb
index d33ad5aa..d33ad5aa 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.9.ipynb
index eafab508..eafab508 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_10.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_10.ipynb
index 7b72b4d3..7b72b4d3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_11.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_11.ipynb
index 6629542a..6629542a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_11.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_13.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_13.ipynb
index 9befa577..9befa577 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_13.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_14.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_14.ipynb
index 48461e9b..48461e9b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_14.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_15.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_15.ipynb
index 2b3cff19..2b3cff19 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_15.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_16.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_16.ipynb
index 7952cd20..7952cd20 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_16.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_17.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_17.ipynb
index 0cc972b6..0cc972b6 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_17.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_18.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_18.ipynb
index df0dd32f..df0dd32f 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_18.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_2.ipynb
index 9152bc62..9152bc62 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_3.ipynb
index b84ccb99..b84ccb99 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_4.ipynb
index 8e0db729..8e0db729 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_5.ipynb
index 64c1051c..64c1051c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_6.ipynb
index 19757347..19757347 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_7.ipynb
index 87ce3d0c..87ce3d0c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_8.ipynb
index d33ad5aa..d33ad5aa 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.1.ipynb
index 866dfaac..866dfaac 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.10.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.10.ipynb
index 0b389be3..0b389be3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.2.ipynb
index fb392f26..fb392f26 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.3.ipynb
index 2af42a5d..2af42a5d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.4.ipynb
index b6d67552..b6d67552 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.6.ipynb
index 8f650a13..8f650a13 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.7.ipynb
index a72d3aec..a72d3aec 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.8.ipynb
index 17c2b818..17c2b818 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.9.ipynb
index 6fad03e4..6fad03e4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_1.ipynb
index 866dfaac..866dfaac 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_10.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_10.ipynb
index 0b389be3..0b389be3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_2.ipynb
index fb392f26..fb392f26 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_3.ipynb
index 2af42a5d..2af42a5d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_4.ipynb
index b6d67552..b6d67552 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_6.ipynb
index 8f650a13..8f650a13 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_7.ipynb
index a72d3aec..a72d3aec 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_8.ipynb
index 17c2b818..17c2b818 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.1.ipynb
index 407b5433..407b5433 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.2.ipynb
index b3d99095..b3d99095 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.3.ipynb
index 56ccafc4..56ccafc4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.4.ipynb
index 809df7cd..809df7cd 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.5.ipynb
index e59a5985..e59a5985 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.6.ipynb
index e26faed9..e26faed9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.7.ipynb
index f5fcbaea..f5fcbaea 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.8.ipynb
index c3ed5215..c3ed5215 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.9.ipynb
index a619e516..a619e516 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_1.ipynb
index 407b5433..407b5433 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_2.ipynb
index b3d99095..b3d99095 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_3.ipynb
index 56ccafc4..56ccafc4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_4.ipynb
index 809df7cd..809df7cd 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_5.ipynb
index e59a5985..e59a5985 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_6.ipynb
index e26faed9..e26faed9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_7.ipynb
index f5fcbaea..f5fcbaea 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_8.ipynb
index c3ed5215..c3ed5215 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta,_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.2.ipynb
index 95d43da5..95d43da5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.2_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.2_1.ipynb
index 95d43da5..95d43da5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.2_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.2_2.ipynb
index 95d43da5..95d43da5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.3.ipynb
index 29dffa71..29dffa71 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.3_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.3_1.ipynb
index 29dffa71..29dffa71 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.3_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.3_2.ipynb
index 29dffa71..29dffa71 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.7.ipynb
index 3eec90bd..3eec90bd 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.7_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.7_1.ipynb
index 3eec90bd..3eec90bd 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.7_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.7_2.ipynb
index 3eec90bd..3eec90bd 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1_2.ipynb
index 95d43da5..95d43da5 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1_3.ipynb
index 29dffa71..29dffa71 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1_7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1_7.ipynb
index 70d4b507..70d4b507 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1_7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.10.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.10.ipynb
index 224f5bea..224f5bea 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.10_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.10_1.ipynb
index 224f5bea..224f5bea 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.10_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.10_2.ipynb
index 7b72b4d3..7b72b4d3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.11.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.11.ipynb
index 6629542a..6629542a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.11.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.11_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.11_1.ipynb
index 6629542a..6629542a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.11_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.11_2.ipynb
index 6629542a..6629542a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.13.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.13.ipynb
index 9befa577..9befa577 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.13.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.13_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.13_1.ipynb
index 9befa577..9befa577 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.13_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.13_2.ipynb
index 9befa577..9befa577 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.14.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.14.ipynb
index 0a4026b4..0a4026b4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.14.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.14_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.14_1.ipynb
index 0a4026b4..0a4026b4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.14_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.14_2.ipynb
index 48461e9b..48461e9b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.15.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.15.ipynb
index 2b3cff19..2b3cff19 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.15.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.15_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.15_1.ipynb
index 2b3cff19..2b3cff19 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.15_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.15_2.ipynb
index 2b3cff19..2b3cff19 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.16.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.16.ipynb
index 7952cd20..7952cd20 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.16.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.16_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.16_1.ipynb
index 7952cd20..7952cd20 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.16_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.16_2.ipynb
index 7952cd20..7952cd20 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.17.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.17.ipynb
index 0cc972b6..0cc972b6 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.17.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.17_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.17_1.ipynb
index 0cc972b6..0cc972b6 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.17_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.17_2.ipynb
index 0cc972b6..0cc972b6 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.17_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.17_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.18.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.18.ipynb
index d1942828..d1942828 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.18.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.18_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.18_1.ipynb
index d1942828..d1942828 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.18_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.18_2.ipynb
index df0dd32f..df0dd32f 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.18_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.18_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.2.ipynb
index 9152bc62..9152bc62 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.2_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.2_1.ipynb
index 9152bc62..9152bc62 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.2_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.2_2.ipynb
index 9152bc62..9152bc62 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.3.ipynb
index b84ccb99..b84ccb99 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.3_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.3_1.ipynb
index b84ccb99..b84ccb99 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.3_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.3_2.ipynb
index b84ccb99..b84ccb99 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.4.ipynb
index 8e0db729..8e0db729 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.4_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.4_1.ipynb
index 8e0db729..8e0db729 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.4_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.4_2.ipynb
index 8e0db729..8e0db729 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.5.ipynb
index 64c1051c..64c1051c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.5_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.5_1.ipynb
index 64c1051c..64c1051c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.5_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.5_2.ipynb
index 64c1051c..64c1051c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.6.ipynb
index 19757347..19757347 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.6_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.6_1.ipynb
index 19757347..19757347 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.6_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.6_2.ipynb
index 19757347..19757347 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.7.ipynb
index 87ce3d0c..87ce3d0c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.7_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.7_1.ipynb
index 87ce3d0c..87ce3d0c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.7_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.7_2.ipynb
index 87ce3d0c..87ce3d0c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.8.ipynb
index d33ad5aa..d33ad5aa 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.8_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.8_1.ipynb
index d33ad5aa..d33ad5aa 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.8_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.8_2.ipynb
index d33ad5aa..d33ad5aa 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.9.ipynb
index eafab508..eafab508 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.9_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.9_1.ipynb
index eafab508..eafab508 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.9_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.9_2.ipynb
index eafab508..eafab508 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_10.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_10.ipynb
index 68c83c1a..68c83c1a 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_11.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_11.ipynb
index adeddd0f..adeddd0f 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_11.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_13.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_13.ipynb
index 9befa577..9befa577 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_13.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_14.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_14.ipynb
index 48461e9b..48461e9b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_14.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_15.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_15.ipynb
index 2b3cff19..2b3cff19 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_15.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_16.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_16.ipynb
index 7952cd20..7952cd20 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_16.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_17.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_17.ipynb
index 0cc972b6..0cc972b6 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_17.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_18.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_18.ipynb
index df0dd32f..df0dd32f 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_18.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_2.ipynb
index 9152bc62..9152bc62 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_3.ipynb
index b84ccb99..b84ccb99 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_4.ipynb
index 8e0db729..8e0db729 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_5.ipynb
index 2c32be33..2c32be33 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_6.ipynb
index 19757347..19757347 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_7.ipynb
index 87ce3d0c..87ce3d0c 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_8.ipynb
index d33ad5aa..d33ad5aa 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_9.ipynb
index eafab508..eafab508 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2_9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.1.ipynb
index 866dfaac..866dfaac 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.10.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.10.ipynb
index af2c88e9..af2c88e9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.10_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.10_1.ipynb
index af2c88e9..af2c88e9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.10_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.10_2.ipynb
index 0b389be3..0b389be3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.1_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.1_1.ipynb
index 866dfaac..866dfaac 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.1_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.1_2.ipynb
index 866dfaac..866dfaac 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.2.ipynb
index fb392f26..fb392f26 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.2_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.2_1.ipynb
index fb392f26..fb392f26 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.2_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.2_2.ipynb
index fb392f26..fb392f26 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.3.ipynb
index 2af42a5d..2af42a5d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.3_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.3_1.ipynb
index 2af42a5d..2af42a5d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.3_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.3_2.ipynb
index 2af42a5d..2af42a5d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.4.ipynb
index 67644de6..67644de6 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.4_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.4_1.ipynb
index 67644de6..67644de6 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.4_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.4_2.ipynb
index b6d67552..b6d67552 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.6.ipynb
index bfc91742..bfc91742 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.6_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.6_1.ipynb
index bfc91742..bfc91742 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.6_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.6_2.ipynb
index 8f650a13..8f650a13 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.7.ipynb
index a72d3aec..a72d3aec 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.7_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.7_1.ipynb
index a72d3aec..a72d3aec 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.7_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.7_2.ipynb
index a72d3aec..a72d3aec 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.8.ipynb
index 17c2b818..17c2b818 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.8_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.8_1.ipynb
index 17c2b818..17c2b818 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.8_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.8_2.ipynb
index 17c2b818..17c2b818 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.9.ipynb
index 6fad03e4..6fad03e4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.9_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.9_1.ipynb
index 6fad03e4..6fad03e4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.9_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.9_2.ipynb
index 6fad03e4..6fad03e4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_1.ipynb
index 866dfaac..866dfaac 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_10.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_10.ipynb
index 0b389be3..0b389be3 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_2.ipynb
index c722859d..c722859d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_3.ipynb
index 2af42a5d..2af42a5d 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_4.ipynb
index b6d67552..b6d67552 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_6.ipynb
index 8f650a13..8f650a13 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_7.ipynb
index a72d3aec..a72d3aec 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_8.ipynb
index 17c2b818..17c2b818 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_9.ipynb
index 6fad03e4..6fad03e4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3_9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.1.ipynb
index 6b3532d0..6b3532d0 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.1_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.1_1.ipynb
index 6b3532d0..6b3532d0 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.1_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.1_2.ipynb
index 407b5433..407b5433 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.2.ipynb
index b3d99095..b3d99095 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.2_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.2_1.ipynb
index b3d99095..b3d99095 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.2_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.2_2.ipynb
index b3d99095..b3d99095 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.3.ipynb
index 56ccafc4..56ccafc4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.3_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.3_1.ipynb
index 56ccafc4..56ccafc4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.3_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.3_2.ipynb
index 56ccafc4..56ccafc4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.4.ipynb
index 3a8fa865..3a8fa865 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.4_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.4_1.ipynb
index 3a8fa865..3a8fa865 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.4_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.4_2.ipynb
index 809df7cd..809df7cd 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.5.ipynb
index e59a5985..e59a5985 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.5_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.5_1.ipynb
index e59a5985..e59a5985 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.5_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.5_2.ipynb
index e59a5985..e59a5985 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.6.ipynb
index e26faed9..e26faed9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.6_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.6_1.ipynb
index e26faed9..e26faed9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.6_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.6_2.ipynb
index e26faed9..e26faed9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.7.ipynb
index f5fcbaea..f5fcbaea 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.7_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.7_1.ipynb
index f5fcbaea..f5fcbaea 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.7_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.7_2.ipynb
index f5fcbaea..f5fcbaea 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.8.ipynb
index c3ed5215..c3ed5215 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.8_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.8_1.ipynb
index c3ed5215..c3ed5215 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.8_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.8_2.ipynb
index c3ed5215..c3ed5215 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.9.ipynb
index a619e516..a619e516 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.9_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.9_1.ipynb
index a619e516..a619e516 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.9_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.9_2.ipynb
index a619e516..a619e516 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_1.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_1.ipynb
index 407b5433..407b5433 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_2.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_2.ipynb
index b3d99095..b3d99095 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_3.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_3.ipynb
index 56ccafc4..56ccafc4 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_4.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_4.ipynb
index ee2afa68..ee2afa68 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_5.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_5.ipynb
index 52d67a3b..52d67a3b 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_6.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_6.ipynb
index e26faed9..e26faed9 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_7.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_7.ipynb
index f5fcbaea..f5fcbaea 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_8.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_8.ipynb
index c3ed5215..c3ed5215 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_9.ipynb b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_9.ipynb
index a619e516..a619e516 100755
--- a/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_Textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4_9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER11.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER11.ipynb
index 851bb6d7..851bb6d7 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER11.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
index d57ed06a..d57ed06a 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER11_2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER11_2.ipynb
index f46ad2ec..f46ad2ec 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER12.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER12.ipynb
index 57310f2f..57310f2f 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER12.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER12_1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER12_1.ipynb
index 4d60b522..4d60b522 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER12_2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER12_2.ipynb
index 36e5f2df..36e5f2df 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER15.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER15.ipynb
index 2a5367b8..2a5367b8 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER15.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb
index 2a5367b8..2a5367b8 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER15_2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER15_2.ipynb
index 2a5367b8..2a5367b8 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER16.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER16.ipynb
index 21b69ac2..21b69ac2 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER16.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
index fe10d009..fe10d009 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER16_2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER16_2.ipynb
index d86cda95..d86cda95 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER17.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER17.ipynb
index 7de1dea4..7de1dea4 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER17.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER17_1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER17_1.ipynb
index b366831e..b366831e 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER17_2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER17_2.ipynb
index d2517e96..d2517e96 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER17_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER17_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER20.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER20.ipynb
index 567d7045..567d7045 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER20.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb
index 8d0e1fe0..8d0e1fe0 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER20_2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER20_2.ipynb
index c3338c53..c3338c53 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER20_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER20_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER21.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER21.ipynb
index 711a3d45..711a3d45 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER21.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER21_1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER21_1.ipynb
index c1d0c46b..c1d0c46b 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER21_2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER21_2.ipynb
index 185ffd2e..185ffd2e 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER21_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER21_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER3.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER3.ipynb
index 2f5ea927..2f5ea927 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER3_1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER3_1.ipynb
index 999d3db2..999d3db2 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER3_2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER3_2.ipynb
index 2eca0c90..2eca0c90 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER4.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER4.ipynb
index fae4fcaa..fae4fcaa 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb
index 82c4af35..82c4af35 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER4_2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER4_2.ipynb
index 82c4af35..82c4af35 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER5.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER5.ipynb
index c77521f7..c77521f7 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER5_1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER5_1.ipynb
index 522e0194..522e0194 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER5_2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER5_2.ipynb
index 522e0194..522e0194 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER7.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER7.ipynb
index 62d3ba22..62d3ba22 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb
index c24df28b..c24df28b 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER7_2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER7_2.ipynb
index 79ef34ae..79ef34ae 100755
--- a/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput/CHAPTER7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_of_Internal_Combustion_Engines_by_R._K._Rajput_version_backup/CHAPTER7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.2.ipynb
index 95d43da5..95d43da5 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.3.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.3.ipynb
index 29dffa71..29dffa71 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.7.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.7.ipynb
index 974c292c..974c292c 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT1.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT1.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.10.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.10.ipynb
index 05dc039c..05dc039c 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.11.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.11.ipynb
index 6629542a..6629542a 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.11.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.13.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.13.ipynb
index 9befa577..9befa577 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.13.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.14.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.14.ipynb
index 0a4026b4..0a4026b4 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.14.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.15.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.15.ipynb
index 2b3cff19..2b3cff19 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.15.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.16.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.16.ipynb
index 7952cd20..7952cd20 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.16.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.17.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.17.ipynb
index 0cc972b6..0cc972b6 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.17.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.18.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.18.ipynb
index d1942828..d1942828 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.18.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.2.ipynb
index 4f344069..4f344069 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.3.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.3.ipynb
index 180fe637..180fe637 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.4.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.4.ipynb
index 79196718..79196718 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.5.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.5.ipynb
index acc255fe..acc255fe 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.6.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.6.ipynb
index 19757347..19757347 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.7.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.7.ipynb
index 87ce3d0c..87ce3d0c 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.8.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.8.ipynb
index d33ad5aa..d33ad5aa 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.9.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.9.ipynb
index eafab508..eafab508 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT2.9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT2.9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.1.ipynb
index 866dfaac..866dfaac 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.10.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.10.ipynb
index af2c88e9..af2c88e9 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.10.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.2.ipynb
index fb392f26..fb392f26 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.3.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.3.ipynb
index 2af42a5d..2af42a5d 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.4.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.4.ipynb
index 67644de6..67644de6 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.6.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.6.ipynb
index bfc91742..bfc91742 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.7.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.7.ipynb
index a72d3aec..a72d3aec 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.8.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.8.ipynb
index 17c2b818..17c2b818 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.9.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.9.ipynb
index 6fad03e4..6fad03e4 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT3.9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT3.9.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.1.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.1.ipynb
index 6b3532d0..6b3532d0 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.1.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.2.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.2.ipynb
index b3d99095..b3d99095 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.2.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.3.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.3.ipynb
index 56ccafc4..56ccafc4 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.3.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.4.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.4.ipynb
index 3a8fa865..3a8fa865 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.4.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.5.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.5.ipynb
index e59a5985..e59a5985 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.5.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.6.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.6.ipynb
index e26faed9..e26faed9 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.6.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.7.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.7.ipynb
index f5fcbaea..f5fcbaea 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.7.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.8.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.8.ipynb
index c3ed5215..c3ed5215 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.8.ipynb
diff --git a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.9.ipynb b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.9.ipynb
index a619e516..a619e516 100755
--- a/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar/CHAPT4.9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/A_textbook_on_Power_System_Engineering_by_A_Chakrabarti,_M_L_Soni,_P_V_Gupta_&_U_S_Bhatnagar_version_backup/CHAPT4.9.ipynb
diff --git a/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 7de612d4..7de612d4 100755
--- a/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index fff383e3..fff383e3 100755
--- a/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 725c9736..725c9736 100755
--- a/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advance_Semiconductor_Devices_by_K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
index c0748974..c0748974 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_12.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
index f6562421..f6562421 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_12_Ploymers_and_Polymerization.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_12_Ploymers_and.ipynb
index f6562421..f6562421 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_12_Ploymers_and_Polymerization.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_12_Ploymers_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_12_Ploymers_and_Polymerization_1.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_12_Ploymers_and_Polymerization_1.ipynb
index f6562421..f6562421 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_12_Ploymers_and_Polymerization_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_12_Ploymers_and_Polymerization_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_13.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
index a19a42ce..a19a42ce 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_13_Fuel_and_Combustions.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_13_Fuel_and.ipynb
index a19a42ce..a19a42ce 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_13_Fuel_and_Combustions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_13_Fuel_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_13_Fuel_and_Combustions_1.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_13_Fuel_and_Combustions_1.ipynb
index a19a42ce..a19a42ce 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_13_Fuel_and_Combustions_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_13_Fuel_and_Combustions_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_14.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
index 5117d5ae..5117d5ae 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_14_Water_Treatment.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_14_Water.ipynb
index 5117d5ae..5117d5ae 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_14_Water_Treatment.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_14_Water.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_14_Water_Treatment_1.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_14_Water_Treatment_1.ipynb
index 5117d5ae..5117d5ae 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_14_Water_Treatment_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_14_Water_Treatment_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_15.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
index ab29e076..ab29e076 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_15_Environmental_Pollution_and_Control.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_15_Environmental_Pollution_and.ipynb
index ab29e076..ab29e076 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_15_Environmental_Pollution_and_Control.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_15_Environmental_Pollution_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_15_Environmental_Pollution_and_Control_1.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_15_Environmental_Pollution_and_Control_1.ipynb
index ab29e076..ab29e076 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_15_Environmental_Pollution_and_Control_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_15_Environmental_Pollution_and_Control_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_1_Structure_and_Bonding.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_1_Structure_and.ipynb
index c0748974..c0748974 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_1_Structure_and_Bonding.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_1_Structure_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_1_Structure_and_Bonding_1.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_1_Structure_and_Bonding_1.ipynb
index c0748974..c0748974 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_1_Structure_and_Bonding_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_1_Structure_and_Bonding_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
index 58e602ab..58e602ab 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_2_Spectroscopy_and_Photochemistry.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_2_Spectroscopy_and.ipynb
index 58e602ab..58e602ab 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_2_Spectroscopy_and_Photochemistry.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_2_Spectroscopy_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_2_Spectroscopy_and_Photochemistry_1.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_2_Spectroscopy_and_Photochemistry_1.ipynb
index 58e602ab..58e602ab 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_2_Spectroscopy_and_Photochemistry_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_2_Spectroscopy_and_Photochemistry_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_3.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
index 16fb19f8..16fb19f8 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_3_Thermodynamics_and_Chemical_Equilibrium.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermodynamics_and_Chemical.ipynb
index 16fb19f8..16fb19f8 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_3_Thermodynamics_and_Chemical_Equilibrium.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermodynamics_and_Chemical.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_3_Thermodynamics_and_Chemical_Equilibrium_1.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermodynamics_and_Chemical_Equilibrium_1.ipynb
index 16fb19f8..16fb19f8 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_3_Thermodynamics_and_Chemical_Equilibrium_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermodynamics_and_Chemical_Equilibrium_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index b0e0ac54..b0e0ac54 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_5_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_5_Chemical_Kinetics_and.ipynb
index b0e0ac54..b0e0ac54 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_5_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_5_Chemical_Kinetics_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_5_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis_1.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_5_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis_1.ipynb
index b0e0ac54..b0e0ac54 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_5_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_5_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_6.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
index b15856da..b15856da 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_6_Electrochemistry_1.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_6_Electrochemistry_1.ipynb
index b15856da..b15856da 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_6_Electrochemistry_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_6_Electrochemistry_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_7.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
index 229b5da3..229b5da3 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_7_Solid_State.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_7_Solid.ipynb
index 229b5da3..229b5da3 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_7_Solid_State.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_7_Solid.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_7_Solid_State_1.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_7_Solid_State_1.ipynb
index 229b5da3..229b5da3 100755
--- a/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati/Chapter_7_Solid_State_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Engineering_Chemistry__by_Dr._M.R._Senapati_version_backup/Chapter_7_Solid_State_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch1_JEDKX6y.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
index ef180637..ef180637 100644
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch1_JEDKX6y.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch2_839zjBr.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch2.ipynb
index 94c3a076..94c3a076 100644
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch2_839zjBr.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch3_JtKdjpi.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
index 1d8c5ae8..1d8c5ae8 100644
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch3_JtKdjpi.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch4_SPNEqxW.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
index c802d84b..c802d84b 100644
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch4_SPNEqxW.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch5_2XUAsbf.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
index 18a94379..18a94379 100644
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch5_2XUAsbf.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch6_8Xtm119.ipynb b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
index f247911b..f247911b 100644
--- a/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney/Ch6_8Xtm119.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Advanced_Measurements_And_Instrumentation_by_A._K._Sawhney_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 11d97ff9..11d97ff9 100755
--- a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 4b69efa5..4b69efa5 100755
--- a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 3ef33620..3ef33620 100755
--- a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 803eff7e..803eff7e 100755
--- a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index b4a1966d..b4a1966d 100755
--- a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 7587f10d..7587f10d 100755
--- a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 541c17a6..541c17a6 100755
--- a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 2f048c93..2f048c93 100755
--- a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 5737c816..5737c816 100755
--- a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 5b9bddd0..5b9bddd0 100755
--- a/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Aircraft_Propulsion_by__S._Farokhi_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algebraical_Expressions.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algebraical.ipynb
index 3dfacaa8..3dfacaa8 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algebraical_Expressions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algebraical.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algerbrraical_Expressions.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algerbrraical.ipynb
index 4a493638..4a493638 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algerbrraical_Expressions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algerbrraical.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algerbrraical_Expressions_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algerbrraical_Expressions_1.ipynb
index 4a493638..4a493638 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algerbrraical_Expressions_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_10_Multiplicaton_of_Algerbrraical_Expressions_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_11_Factors.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index 44480b54..44480b54 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_11_Factors.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_11_Factors_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_11_Factors_1.ipynb
index 44480b54..44480b54 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_11_Factors_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_11_Factors_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_11_Factors_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_11_Factors_2.ipynb
index 44480b54..44480b54 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_11_Factors_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_11_Factors_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_11_Factors_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_11_Factors_3.ipynb
index 5fe32ddd..5fe32ddd 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_11_Factors_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_11_Factors_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_12_Fractions.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
index b929e40c..b929e40c 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_12_Fractions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_12_Fractions_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_12_Fractions_1.ipynb
index b929e40c..b929e40c 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_12_Fractions_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_12_Fractions_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_12_Fractions_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_12_Fractions_2.ipynb
index b458f1f6..b458f1f6 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_12_Fractions_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_12_Fractions_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_12_Fractions_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_12_Fractions_3.ipynb
index b458f1f6..b458f1f6 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_12_Fractions_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_12_Fractions_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic_Functions.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic.ipynb
index 4c444f56..4c444f56 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic_Functions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic_Functions_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic_Functions_1.ipynb
index c3d7441a..c3d7441a 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic_Functions_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic_Functions_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic_Functions_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic_Functions_2.ipynb
index 540e6bfe..540e6bfe 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic_Functions_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_13_Graphs_of_Quadratic_Functions_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_14_Quardartic.ipynb
index 5f93df8e..5f93df8e 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_14_Quardartic.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_1.ipynb
index 5f93df8e..5f93df8e 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_2.ipynb
index 49ce88cf..49ce88cf 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_3.ipynb
index 49ce88cf..49ce88cf 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_14_Quardartic_Equations_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_16_Logarithms.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
index b50fdfd2..b50fdfd2 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_16_Logarithms.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_16_Logarithms_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_16_Logarithms_1.ipynb
index b50fdfd2..b50fdfd2 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_16_Logarithms_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_16_Logarithms_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_16_Logarithms_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_16_Logarithms_2.ipynb
index b50fdfd2..b50fdfd2 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_16_Logarithms_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_16_Logarithms_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_16_Logarithms_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_16_Logarithms_3.ipynb
index b50fdfd2..b50fdfd2 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_16_Logarithms_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_16_Logarithms_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_18_Variation.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
index deb1f097..deb1f097 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_18_Variation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_18_Variation_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_18_Variation_1.ipynb
index deb1f097..deb1f097 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_18_Variation_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_18_Variation_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_18_Variation_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_18_Variation_2.ipynb
index fad192e8..fad192e8 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_18_Variation_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_18_Variation_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_18_Variation_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_18_Variation_3.ipynb
index fad192e8..fad192e8 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_18_Variation_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_18_Variation_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of.ipynb
index bae4f285..bae4f285 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_1.ipynb
index bae4f285..bae4f285 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_2.ipynb
index 165a7618..165a7618 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_3.ipynb
index 165a7618..165a7618 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_1_The_Meaning_of_Algebra_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational.ipynb
index 7a540883..7a540883 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_1.ipynb
index 7a540883..7a540883 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_2.ipynb
index 7a540883..7a540883 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_3.ipynb
index 7a540883..7a540883 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_20_Rational_and_Irrational_Numbers_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_21_Series.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_21.ipynb
index 11fd1fca..11fd1fca 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_21_Series.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_21.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_21_Series_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_21_Series_1.ipynb
index 11fd1fca..11fd1fca 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_21_Series_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_21_Series_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_21_Series_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_21_Series_2.ipynb
index 906a3681..906a3681 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_21_Series_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_21_Series_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_21_Series_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_21_Series_3.ipynb
index 906a3681..906a3681 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_21_Series_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_21_Series_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in.ipynb
index d91cdb4d..d91cdb4d 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_1.ipynb
index d91cdb4d..d91cdb4d 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_2.ipynb
index 6c2af6eb..6c2af6eb 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_3.ipynb
index 6c2af6eb..6c2af6eb 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_2_Elementry_Operations_in_Algebra_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with.ipynb
index 25e3990d..25e3990d 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_1.ipynb
index 25e3990d..25e3990d 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_2.ipynb
index 25e3990d..25e3990d 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_3.ipynb
index 25e3990d..25e3990d 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_3_Brackets_and_Operations_with_Them_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative.ipynb
index 8cac638d..8cac638d 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_1.ipynb
index 8cac638d..8cac638d 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_2.ipynb
index 4c01e3e5..4c01e3e5 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_3.ipynb
index 4c01e3e5..4c01e3e5 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_4_Positive_and_Negative_Numbers_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_5_Simple.ipynb
index 17f510de..17f510de 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_5_Simple.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_1.ipynb
index 17f510de..17f510de 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_2.ipynb
index 17f510de..17f510de 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_3.ipynb
index 17f510de..17f510de 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_5_Simple_Equations_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_7_Simultaneous.ipynb
index 7bfe08a4..7bfe08a4 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_7_Simultaneous.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_1.ipynb
index 7bfe08a4..7bfe08a4 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_2.ipynb
index 7bfe08a4..7bfe08a4 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_3.ipynb
index 7bfe08a4..7bfe08a4 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_7_Simultaneous_Equations_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of.ipynb
index d07fb6df..d07fb6df 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_1.ipynb
index d07fb6df..d07fb6df 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_2.ipynb
index d07fb6df..d07fb6df 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_3.ipynb
index d07fb6df..d07fb6df 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_8_Graphical_Representation_of_Quantities_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co.ipynb
index 922d0030..922d0030 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_1.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_1.ipynb
index 922d0030..922d0030 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_2.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_2.ipynb
index 922d0030..922d0030 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_3.ipynb b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_3.ipynb
index 922d0030..922d0030 100755
--- a/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Algebra_by__P._Abbott_And_M._E._Wardle_version_backup/Chapter_9_The_Law_of_Straight_Line_and_Co_ordinates_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 91492796..91492796 100755
--- a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 05c099d1..05c099d1 100755
--- a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 72a8ea65..72a8ea65 100755
--- a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 4c590bfa..4c590bfa 100755
--- a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 4338f463..4338f463 100755
--- a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 11a20d13..11a20d13 100755
--- a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index cd33b3de..cd33b3de 100755
--- a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 61bbad86..61bbad86 100755
--- a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 1e06d06e..1e06d06e 100755
--- a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 47f025c6..47f025c6 100755
--- a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index d9462e91..d9462e91 100755
--- a/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_And_Digital_Electronics_by__U._A._Bakshi_And_A._P._Godse_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 24ac5ea2..24ac5ea2 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 9fe9f6c7..9fe9f6c7 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 85a26955..85a26955 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index f7130d0d..f7130d0d 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 69086860..69086860 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 415497af..415497af 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter3_.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index c139e7d8..c139e7d8 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter3_.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index c8040bf9..c8040bf9 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index a645b224..a645b224 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index b4790d59..b4790d59 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 2e5c30d1..2e5c30d1 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index daf49de6..daf49de6 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index c99919b0..c99919b0 100755
--- a/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_R.S._Tomar_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER01.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER01.ipynb
index 361be2fa..361be2fa 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER01.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER01.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER01_1.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER01_1.ipynb
index 361be2fa..361be2fa 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER01_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER01_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER03.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER03.ipynb
index 0f40c83a..0f40c83a 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER03.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER03_1.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER03_1.ipynb
index 0f40c83a..0f40c83a 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER03_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER03_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER04.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER04.ipynb
index 62bae8a2..62bae8a2 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER04.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER04_1.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER04_1.ipynb
index 62bae8a2..62bae8a2 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER04_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER04_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER05.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER05.ipynb
index d917ea6c..d917ea6c 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER05.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER05_1.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER05_1.ipynb
index d917ea6c..d917ea6c 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER05_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER05_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER06.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER06.ipynb
index 3fe5c8b4..3fe5c8b4 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER06.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER06.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER06_1.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER06_1.ipynb
index 3fe5c8b4..3fe5c8b4 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER06_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER06_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER08.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER08.ipynb
index 4b322a2a..4b322a2a 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER08.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER08_1.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER08_1.ipynb
index 2b57bca4..2b57bca4 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER08_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER08_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER09.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER09.ipynb
index 4a90200e..4a90200e 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER09.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER09_1.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER09_1.ipynb
index 4a90200e..4a90200e 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER09_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER09_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER10.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER10.ipynb
index e766e88f..e766e88f 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER10.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER10_1.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER10_1.ipynb
index e766e88f..e766e88f 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER11.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER11.ipynb
index 4c69f76b..4c69f76b 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER11.ipynb
diff --git a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
index 4c69f76b..4c69f76b 100755
--- a/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Analog_and_Digital_Communications_by_H_P_Hsu_version_backup/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index b8295615..b8295615 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 7eaf93ee..7eaf93ee 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index d4c2c36c..d4c2c36c 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index 794bdecd..794bdecd 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index 0e837c9f..0e837c9f 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index 1b3a9c64..1b3a9c64 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index 9281ffe2..9281ffe2 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 79b1eca0..79b1eca0 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index d64c52dd..d64c52dd 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 0debea51..0debea51 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 38d43a85..38d43a85 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 8916d228..8916d228 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index fa219e98..fa219e98 100755
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S._Wali_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter4Antenna_Arrays_8A6uiJP.ipynb b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter4Antenna.ipynb
index 2e5e087d..2e5e087d 100644
--- a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi/Chapter4Antenna_Arrays_8A6uiJP.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Antenna_and_Wave_Propogation_by_U._A._Bakshi_and_A._V._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter4Antenna.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/Chapter2_.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index cb41afc6..cb41afc6 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/Chapter2_.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 7111a9da..7111a9da 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 7111a9da..7111a9da 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index ded2d042..ded2d042 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index ded2d042..ded2d042 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index b2a76d3e..b2a76d3e 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics-I_by_I_A_Shaikh_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index d22b0652..d22b0652 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 8cceaf30..8cceaf30 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index ab9df13e..ab9df13e 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index ee510033..ee510033 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 932802eb..932802eb 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 296cc228..296cc228 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 1fa2a887..1fa2a887 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index aee8cc8e..aee8cc8e 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 65bfb32c..65bfb32c 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 75da7597..75da7597 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 499ce19f..499ce19f 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 0ed7bb65..0ed7bb65 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_K._Vijaya_Kumar,_T._Sreekanth_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index d0036604..d0036604 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 09a71a18..09a71a18 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 601cae27..601cae27 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index a0d72f81..a0d72f81 100755
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_M._Chandra_Shekar,_P._Appala_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter1_bpgdjRb.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index e57ef537..e57ef537 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter1_bpgdjRb.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter10_ltpcAad.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 8d14ee64..8d14ee64 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter10_ltpcAad.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter11_1oQwy5p.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 880f5085..3d0851bb 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter11_1oQwy5p.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
@@ -339,7 +339,6 @@
     "x=1-delta;\n",
     "n1=math.sqrt(NA**2/(1-x**2));    #refractive index of core \n",
     "n2=x*n1;                         #refractive index of cladding\n",
-    "\n",
     "#Result\n",
     "print \"refractive index of core is\",round(n1,4)\n",
     "print \"refractive index of cladding is\",round(n2,3)"
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter13_GeJp1ib.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 2b0281e6..2b0281e6 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter13_GeJp1ib.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter2_HqNnyxR.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 1963e4c2..1963e4c2 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter2_HqNnyxR.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter3_DZeHBDv.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 69e1a5ee..1af94463 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter3_DZeHBDv.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -142,19 +142,11 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
+    "collapsed": true
    },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ratio d100:d110:d111 is 1 *math.sqrt(6) : 1 *math.sqrt(3) : 1 *math.sqrt(2)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
+   "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "#importing modules\n",
     "import math\n",
@@ -173,37 +165,30 @@
     "a=1;     #assume\n",
     "\n",
     "#Calculation\n",
-    "d100=a/math.sqrt(h1**2+k1**2+l1**2);    #spacing(nm)                          \n",
+    "d100=a/math.sqrt(h1**2+k1**2+l1**2);    #spacing(nm)\n",
     "d110=a/math.sqrt(h2**2+k2**2+l2**2);    #spacing(nm)\n",
     "d111=a/math.sqrt(h3**2+k3**2+l3**2);    #spacing(nm)\n",
-    "x=int(1/d100)**2;\n",
-    "y=int((1/d110)**2);\n",
-    "z=int(round((1/d111)**2));       #taking squares of the value of spacing since lcm function doesnt work on square root\n",
     "\n",
-    "def lcm(y, z):\n",
-    "    if y > z:\n",
-    "        greater = y\n",
+    "def lcm(x, y):\n",
+    "    if x > y:\n",
+    "        greater = x\n",
     "    else:\n",
-    "        greater = z\n",
+    "        greater = y\n",
     "    while(True):\n",
-    "        if((greater % y == 0) and (greater % z == 0)):\n",
+    "        if((greater % x == 0) and (greater % y == 0)):\n",
     "            lcm = greater\n",
     "            break\n",
     "        greater += 1\n",
     "        \n",
     "    return lcm\n",
     "\n",
-    "l=lcm(y,z);\n",
-    "l=math.sqrt(l);\n",
-    "d1=d100*l;\n",
-    "d10=d110*l;\n",
-    "d11=d111*l;      #ratio d100:d110:d111\n",
-    "d1=int(d1/math.sqrt(6));\n",
-    "d10=int(round(d10/math.sqrt(3)));\n",
-    "d11=int(d11/math.sqrt(2));\n",
+    "lcm=lcm(1/d110,1/d111);\n",
+    "d100=d100*lcm;\n",
+    "d110=d110*lcm;\n",
+    "d111=d111*lcm;      #ratio d100:d110:d111\n",
     "\n",
     "#Result\n",
-    "print \"ratio d100:d110:d111 is\",d1,\"*math.sqrt(6) :\",d10,\"*math.sqrt(3) :\",d11,\"*math.sqrt(2)\""
+    "print \"ratio d100:d110:d111 is\",d100/math.sqrt(6),\"*math.sqrt(6)\",d110/math.sqrt(3),\"*math.sqrt(3)\",d111/math.sqrt(2),\"*math.sqrt(2)\""
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -215,19 +200,11 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "lattice parameter is 3.522 angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
+   "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "#importing modules\n",
     "import math\n",
@@ -258,7 +235,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 22,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter4_GQU4hKw.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 1b0ca557..1b0ca557 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter4_GQU4hKw.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5_KWgo7p8.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index cf59e53f..40c994ca 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5_KWgo7p8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 35,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 38,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter6_eRlj3AT.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 8666cfc4..2dcacfe6 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter6_eRlj3AT.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 23,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      " polarisability is 2.242e-41 Fm**2\n",
+      "polarisability is 2.242e-41 Fm**2\n",
       "radius of electron cloud is 5.864 *10**-11 m\n",
       "answer for radius given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n",
       "displacement is 0.7 *10**-16 m\n"
@@ -333,7 +333,6 @@
     "epsilon0=8.85*10**-12;    \n",
     "E=10**6;        #electric field(V/m)\n",
     "Z=2;\n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;    #charge(coulomb)\n",
     "\n",
     "#Calculation\n",
     "alphae=epsilon0*(epsilonr-1)/N;    #polarisability(Fm**2)\n",
@@ -341,7 +340,7 @@
     "d=alphae*E/(Z*e);                   #displacement(m) \n",
     "\n",
     "#Result\n",
-    "print \"polarisability is\",alphae,\"Fm**2\"\n",
+    "print \"polarisability is\",alpha_e,\"Fm**2\"\n",
     "print \"radius of electron cloud is\",round(r*10**11,3),\"*10**-11 m\"\n",
     "print \"answer for radius given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\"\n",
     "print \"displacement is\",round(d*10**16,1),\"*10**-16 m\""
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter7_oB2qi2Q.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 73c69a71..73c69a71 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter7_oB2qi2Q.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter8_nXYTfh3.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 2069ff01..2069ff01 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter8_nXYTfh3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter9_aPNsAAD.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 4f07646f..4f07646f 100644
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter9_aPNsAAD.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index e7d3c7d5..e7d3c7d5 100755
--- a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 8b0dac47..8b0dac47 100755
--- a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index d0cc5d39..d0cc5d39 100755
--- a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 57085808..57085808 100755
--- a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 746d79d4..746d79d4 100755
--- a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index f4b9ac5e..f4b9ac5e 100755
--- a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index 975d0f7d..975d0f7d 100755
--- a/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Applied_Thermodynamics_and_Engineering_by_T._D._Eastop_and_A._Mcconkey_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch1.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
index e0ac0133..e0ac0133 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index ae4a3c33..ae4a3c33 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 92a220e2..92a220e2 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch12.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index 275a08df..275a08df 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index f162d031..f162d031 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 95dfb132..95dfb132 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 3a3c9949..3a3c9949 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index e487ef7e..e487ef7e 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 9150313f..9150313f 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 50d12f32..50d12f32 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index cb64de0e..cb64de0e 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index 65c5f331..65c5f331 100755
--- a/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Atomic_and_Nuclear_Physics_by_N._Subrahmanyam,_B._Lal_And_J._Seshan_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_DtcvRnP.ipynb b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index f7586865..f7586865 100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_DtcvRnP.ipynb
+++ b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_8IOZjNv.ipynb b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 254b9907..254b9907 100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_8IOZjNv.ipynb
+++ b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_27AWa1S.ipynb b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 2722c8a0..2722c8a0 100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_27AWa1S.ipynb
+++ b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_4CIoGBj.ipynb b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index a30f5154..a30f5154 100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_4CIoGBj.ipynb
+++ b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_1u2hkaL.ipynb b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 68990ae4..68990ae4 100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_1u2hkaL.ipynb
+++ b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_0Gpo8ij.ipynb b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 37d67888..37d67888 100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_0Gpo8ij.ipynb
+++ b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_12jIRAa.ipynb b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index d7a5d585..d7a5d585 100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_12jIRAa.ipynb
+++ b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_1UUhiRK.ipynb b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 3b038d09..3b038d09 100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_1UUhiRK.ipynb
+++ b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_1gnNs9u.ipynb b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 495cf888..495cf888 100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_1gnNs9u.ipynb
+++ b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_48wEqkn.ipynb b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 13136d2a..13136d2a 100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_48wEqkn.ipynb
+++ b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_3OxJHIx.ipynb b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 14a19e18..14a19e18 100644
--- a/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_3OxJHIx.ipynb
+++ b/backup/BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter1_seG0iD4.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 40629382..40629382 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter1_seG0iD4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter10_NUnB5Sw.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 49866ab5..49866ab5 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter10_NUnB5Sw.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter11_EZtJ7kK.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 3e09ba67..3e09ba67 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter11_EZtJ7kK.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter12_9A34qBU.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 540dfc4d..540dfc4d 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter12_9A34qBU.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter13_DZJQwFk.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 7920099c..7920099c 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter13_DZJQwFk.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter14_GYUnehZ.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index eab55652..eab55652 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter14_GYUnehZ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter15_o1Meb0U.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index f64e81fc..f64e81fc 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter15_o1Meb0U.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter16_fpjEDzx.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index c857acc0..c857acc0 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter16_fpjEDzx.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter17_JAzeWmK.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index 145463d3..145463d3 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter17_JAzeWmK.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter18_7Yy7cvJ.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
index 3c4fe6ba..3c4fe6ba 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter18_7Yy7cvJ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter19_5sx3l6T.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index 1f8e6f43..1f8e6f43 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter19_5sx3l6T.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter2_exrY10K.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 175230ce..175230ce 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter2_exrY10K.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter20_6AjJCXE.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
index 1d77e8e7..1d77e8e7 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter20_6AjJCXE.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter21_iYkzq89.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
index 7540efc5..7540efc5 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter21_iYkzq89.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter22_OEH4UuY.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
index db040af9..db040af9 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter22_OEH4UuY.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter3_4zPOo0N.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index dc342cb8..dc342cb8 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter3_4zPOo0N.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter4_UHVlvXM.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index e60349d2..e60349d2 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter4_UHVlvXM.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter5_He9TCwH.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index ce4f45c9..ce4f45c9 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter5_He9TCwH.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter6_569mm1H.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 169d80e5..169d80e5 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter6_569mm1H.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter7_dQdnyuw.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index a84c6d65..a84c6d65 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter7_dQdnyuw.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter8_KEcrcQP.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index b0366774..b0366774 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter8_KEcrcQP.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter9_2XNkqrL.ipynb b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index ceef1a80..ceef1a80 100644
--- a/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter9_2XNkqrL.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
index 395bfd74..395bfd74 100755
--- a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch12.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index 523319ac..523319ac 100755
--- a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch13.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
index 7d552178..7d552178 100755
--- a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch14.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
index b61bf252..b61bf252 100755
--- a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch15.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch15.ipynb
index 9b327e23..9b327e23 100755
--- a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch15.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index 79ba56c5..79ba56c5 100755
--- a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 109b7fda..109b7fda 100755
--- a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 432a216a..432a216a 100755
--- a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index 189e1172..189e1172 100755
--- a/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineering_by_R._Muthusubramanian_and_S._Salivahanan_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 2e4d7f3a..2e4d7f3a 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index f2a74505..f2a74505 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 14282084..14282084 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index ca9246ef..ca9246ef 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 725fd35c..725fd35c 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 7ce08988..7ce08988 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 21bc4afd..21bc4afd 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index bfbe6ed3..bfbe6ed3 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index ab527934..ab527934 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 38a12f90..38a12f90 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 94ae286c..94ae286c 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 75e94453..75e94453 100755
--- a/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Electronics_by_A._P._Godse_and_U._A._Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 53149a6f..53149a6f 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 47e12831..47e12831 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 6707db42..6707db42 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index a3a87a85..a3a87a85 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 72959a8f..72959a8f 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 93b514ee..93b514ee 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 31dadb42..31dadb42 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 7490fa12..7490fa12 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index 69177875..69177875 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter18.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
index 696c7fa6..696c7fa6 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter19.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index a351bd14..a351bd14 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index fa065c44..fa065c44 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 72f19875..72f19875 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 9ba6689d..9ba6689d 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index fceaae2b..fceaae2b 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 9280416c..9280416c 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 339b7e2c..339b7e2c 100755
--- a/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Rayner_Joel_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 33196715..33196715 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index f7dd8391..f7dd8391 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index f7dd8391..f7dd8391 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 96f879c2..96f879c2 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index 96f879c2..96f879c2 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index 4f8354c9..4f8354c9 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index 4f8354c9..4f8354c9 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index 9d4aac22..9d4aac22 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index 9d4aac22..9d4aac22 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index dd9e9a8d..dd9e9a8d 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
index dd9e9a8d..dd9e9a8d 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index 75c1a0fc..75c1a0fc 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
index 75c1a0fc..75c1a0fc 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index 33196715..33196715 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index ce638a24..ce638a24 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index ce638a24..ce638a24 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 1467bcbc..1467bcbc 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
index 1467bcbc..1467bcbc 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index a5fc44d3..a5fc44d3 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index a5fc44d3..a5fc44d3 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index bd329287..bd329287 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index bd329287..bd329287 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index aec8aee8..aec8aee8 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index aec8aee8..aec8aee8 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 4aaec8eb..4aaec8eb 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index 4aaec8eb..4aaec8eb 100755
--- a/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_Mathematics_for_Electricity_and_Electronics_by_Arthur_Beiser_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_11_Steam_Boilers_TQuXuTV.ipynb b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_11_Steam.ipynb
index 1756a99f..1756a99f 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_11_Steam_Boilers_TQuXuTV.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_11_Steam.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines_93BIP5u.ipynb b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_13_Steam.ipynb
index 0b5d6900..0b5d6900 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines_93BIP5u.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_13_Steam.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines_V7pG8Dh.ipynb b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines.ipynb
index 0b5d6900..0b5d6900 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines_V7pG8Dh.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_13_Steam_Engines.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology_9qIq22w.ipynb b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index 4528c633..4528c633 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology_9qIq22w.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology_tKHsuep.ipynb b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_5_Metrology.ipynb
index 4528c633..4528c633 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_5_Metrology_tKHsuep.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_5_Metrology.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics_ZaICahV.ipynb b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_7_Fluid.ipynb
index 2cb36b62..2cb36b62 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics_ZaICahV.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_7_Fluid.ipynb
diff --git a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics_U1FqbiJ.ipynb b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics.ipynb
index e950e801..e950e801 100644
--- a/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics_U1FqbiJ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Basic_mechanical_engineering_by_Basant_Agrawal_,_C.M_Agrawal_version_backup/Chapter_7_Fluid_Mechanics.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 98d9cbdf..98d9cbdf 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 98d9cbdf..98d9cbdf 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter1_2.ipynb
index 98d9cbdf..98d9cbdf 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 16b4b2bc..16b4b2bc 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 16b4b2bc..16b4b2bc 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
index 16b4b2bc..16b4b2bc 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 86928d5a..86928d5a 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 0233a57b..0233a57b 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
index 7bf3f7ef..7bf3f7ef 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index af8938df..af8938df 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index af8938df..af8938df 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
index af8938df..af8938df 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 92b07a7b..92b07a7b 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 92b07a7b..92b07a7b 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
index 92b07a7b..92b07a7b 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index b6b15c6a..b6b15c6a 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 0905d8e9..0905d8e9 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
index 0905d8e9..0905d8e9 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 03f3ad94..03f3ad94 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 4f861159..4f861159 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
index 4f861159..4f861159 100755
--- a/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry/Chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_By_Example_by_Greg__M._Perry_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter10ClassRelationships.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter10ClassRelationships.ipynb
index 8c01f8ff..8c01f8ff 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter10ClassRelationships.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter10ClassRelationships.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter10ClassRelationships_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter10ClassRelationships_1.ipynb
index 8c01f8ff..8c01f8ff 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter10ClassRelationships_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter10ClassRelationships_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter11AdvancedConcepts.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter11AdvancedConcepts.ipynb
index 716180f8..716180f8 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter11AdvancedConcepts.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter11AdvancedConcepts.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter11AdvancedConcepts_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter11AdvancedConcepts_1.ipynb
index 55ea4faf..55ea4faf 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter11AdvancedConcepts_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter11AdvancedConcepts_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter12theStandardLibraryinc++.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter12theStandardLibraryinc++.ipynb
index fb1e2d10..fb1e2d10 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter12theStandardLibraryinc++.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter12theStandardLibraryinc++.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter12theStandardLibraryinc++_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter12theStandardLibraryinc++_1.ipynb
index 5f0f0623..5f0f0623 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter12theStandardLibraryinc++_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter12theStandardLibraryinc++_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter13DataStructuresandApplicationsinc++.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter13DataStructuresandApplicationsinc++.ipynb
index 00726b56..00726b56 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter13DataStructuresandApplicationsinc++.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter13DataStructuresandApplicationsinc++.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter13DataStructuresandApplicationsinc++_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter13DataStructuresandApplicationsinc++_1.ipynb
index e63f3bcb..e63f3bcb 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter13DataStructuresandApplicationsinc++_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter13DataStructuresandApplicationsinc++_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter1Overview.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter1Overview.ipynb
index 6ae80ebf..6ae80ebf 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter1Overview.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter1Overview.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter1Overview_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter1Overview_1.ipynb
index f8e37db7..f8e37db7 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter1Overview_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter1Overview_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter2DeclarationsandExpressions.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter2DeclarationsandExpressions.ipynb
index 169bb98a..169bb98a 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter2DeclarationsandExpressions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter2DeclarationsandExpressions.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter2DeclarationsandExpressions_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter2DeclarationsandExpressions_1.ipynb
index 949ed101..949ed101 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter2DeclarationsandExpressions_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter2DeclarationsandExpressions_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter3Statements.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter3Statements.ipynb
index e5ccfcb1..e5ccfcb1 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter3Statements.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter3Statements.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter3Statements_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter3Statements_1.ipynb
index e5ccfcb1..e5ccfcb1 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter3Statements_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter3Statements_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter4Array,PointerandStructure.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter4Array,PointerandStructure.ipynb
index 4720cffa..4720cffa 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter4Array,PointerandStructure.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter4Array,PointerandStructure.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter4Array,PointerandStructure_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter4Array,PointerandStructure_1.ipynb
index 4e09e4d6..4e09e4d6 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter4Array,PointerandStructure_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter4Array,PointerandStructure_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter5Functions.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter5Functions.ipynb
index 28eaf14c..28eaf14c 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter5Functions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter5Functions.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter5Functions_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter5Functions_1.ipynb
index e88ee60c..e88ee60c 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter5Functions_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter5Functions_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter6Preprocessordirectives.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter6Preprocessordirectives.ipynb
index 96c0d0d8..96c0d0d8 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter6Preprocessordirectives.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter6Preprocessordirectives.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter6Preprocessordirectives_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter6Preprocessordirectives_1.ipynb
index 7da7ce30..7da7ce30 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter6Preprocessordirectives_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter6Preprocessordirectives_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter7StandardCLibraryFunctionsandStandardHeaderFiles.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter7StandardCLibraryFunctionsandStandardHeaderFiles.ipynb
index 0c816120..0c816120 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter7StandardCLibraryFunctionsandStandardHeaderFiles.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter7StandardCLibraryFunctionsandStandardHeaderFiles.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter7StandardCLibraryFunctionsandStandardHeaderFiles_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter7StandardCLibraryFunctionsandStandardHeaderFiles_1.ipynb
index a646ad99..a646ad99 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter7StandardCLibraryFunctionsandStandardHeaderFiles_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter7StandardCLibraryFunctionsandStandardHeaderFiles_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter8DataAbstractionthroughClassesandUser-DefinedDataTypes.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter8DataAbstractionthroughClassesandUser-DefinedDataTypes.ipynb
index 8db5c66a..8db5c66a 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter8DataAbstractionthroughClassesandUser-DefinedDataTypes.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter8DataAbstractionthroughClassesandUser-DefinedDataTypes.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter8DataAbstractionthroughClassesandUser-DefinedDataTypes_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter8DataAbstractionthroughClassesandUser-DefinedDataTypes_1.ipynb
index 8db5c66a..8db5c66a 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter8DataAbstractionthroughClassesandUser-DefinedDataTypes_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter8DataAbstractionthroughClassesandUser-DefinedDataTypes_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter9OperatorOverloading.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter9OperatorOverloading.ipynb
index 12cad0bc..12cad0bc 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter9OperatorOverloading.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter9OperatorOverloading.ipynb
diff --git a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter9OperatorOverloading_1.ipynb b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter9OperatorOverloading_1.ipynb
index 12cad0bc..12cad0bc 100755
--- a/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana/Chapter9OperatorOverloading_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C++_and_Object-oriented_Programming_Paradigm_by_Debasish_Jana_version_backup/Chapter9OperatorOverloading_1.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index dcc36e8b..dcc36e8b 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index ce091d42..ce091d42 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index a6dddf65..a6dddf65 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 03c83450..03c83450 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 8429721c..8429721c 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 20e3b1e5..20e3b1e5 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index f25aa999..f25aa999 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter19.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index 42d5374c..42d5374c 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index c925dc1b..c925dc1b 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter20.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
index 10d6049f..10d6049f 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter22.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
index e47d926c..e47d926c 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter23.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
index d6c12ffe..d6c12ffe 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter24.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter24.ipynb
index 05dd8488..05dd8488 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter24.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter26.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter26.ipynb
index 17b301ac..17b301ac 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter26.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter27.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter27.ipynb
index 15629cee..15629cee 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter27.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter27.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 1b9cd25e..1b9cd25e 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 35e91eab..35e91eab 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index c7353250..c7353250 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index ebb30975..ebb30975 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index dde0a9b8..dde0a9b8 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 32171653..32171653 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index bc87a6c7..bc87a6c7 100755
--- a/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/C_Programming:_A_Modern_Approach_by_K._N._King_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch1.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
index 04e7e8da..04e7e8da 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index 4e2aff57..4e2aff57 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index e5accd29..e5accd29 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch12.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index b466521e..b466521e 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch13.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
index 2d92c849..2d92c849 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch14.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
index 4474f761..4474f761 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch15.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch15.ipynb
index bb8491c4..bb8491c4 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch15.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index f0ca2482..f0ca2482 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 8385d110..8385d110 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 0e734b53..0e734b53 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index d3517ed7..d3517ed7 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index d75a5a28..d75a5a28 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 1c35275d..1c35275d 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index cea268a9..cea268a9 100755
--- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics___by_S._Sundaram_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_1_Atomic_Structure.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_1_Atomic.ipynb
index 1df992bb..1df992bb 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_1_Atomic_Structure.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_1_Atomic.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_1_Atomic_Structure_1.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_1_Atomic_Structure_1.ipynb
index 1df992bb..1df992bb 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_1_Atomic_Structure_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_1_Atomic_Structure_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_1_Atomic_Structure_2.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_1_Atomic_Structure_2.ipynb
index 1df992bb..1df992bb 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_1_Atomic_Structure_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_1_Atomic_Structure_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Structure_and_Radioactivity.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Structure_and.ipynb
index 5949768d..5949768d 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Structure_and_Radioactivity.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Structure_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Structure_and_Radioactivity_1.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Structure_and_Radioactivity_1.ipynb
index 5949768d..5949768d 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Structure_and_Radioactivity_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Structure_and_Radioactivity_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_4_States_of_Matter.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_4_States_of.ipynb
index e3076349..e3076349 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_4_States_of_Matter.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_4_States_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_4_States_of_Matter_1.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_4_States_of_Matter_1.ipynb
index e3076349..e3076349 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_4_States_of_Matter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_4_States_of_Matter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_4_States_of_Matter_2.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_4_States_of_Matter_2.ipynb
index e3076349..e3076349 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_4_States_of_Matter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_4_States_of_Matter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_5_Thermodynamics.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index 04d7becb..04d7becb 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_5_Thermodynamics.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_5_Thermodynamics_1.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_5_Thermodynamics_1.ipynb
index 01a5b7f4..01a5b7f4 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_5_Thermodynamics_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_5_Thermodynamics_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_5_Thermodynamics_2.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_5_Thermodynamics_2.ipynb
index 01a5b7f4..01a5b7f4 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_5_Thermodynamics_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_5_Thermodynamics_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_6_Phase_Equlibria.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_6_Phase.ipynb
index cd59a414..cd59a414 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_6_Phase_Equlibria.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_6_Phase.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_6_Phase_Equlibria_1.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_6_Phase_Equlibria_1.ipynb
index cd59a414..cd59a414 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_6_Phase_Equlibria_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_6_Phase_Equlibria_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_7_Electrochemistry.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
index 8035a572..8035a572 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_7_Electrochemistry.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_7_Electrochemistry_1.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_7_Electrochemistry_1.ipynb
index 8035a572..8035a572 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_7_Electrochemistry_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_7_Electrochemistry_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_7_Electrochemistry_2.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_7_Electrochemistry_2.ipynb
index fec3cd4e..fec3cd4e 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_7_Electrochemistry_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_7_Electrochemistry_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kinetics_and.ipynb
index 53f9210c..53f9210c 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kinetics_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis_1.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis_1.ipynb
index 53f9210c..53f9210c 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_8_Chemical_Kinetics_and_Catalysis_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_9_Photochemistry.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
index cb922396..cb922396 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_9_Photochemistry.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_9_Photochemistry_1.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_9_Photochemistry_1.ipynb
index cb922396..cb922396 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_9_Photochemistry_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_9_Photochemistry_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_9_Photochemistry_2.ipynb b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_9_Photochemistry_2.ipynb
index cb922396..cb922396 100755
--- a/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram/Chapter_9_Photochemistry_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Chemistry_In_Engineering_And_Technology_Volume_1_by_J._C._Kuriacose_And_J._Rajaram_version_backup/Chapter_9_Photochemistry_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_10.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_10.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_11.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_11.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_12.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_12.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_13.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_13.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_14.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_14.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_15.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_15.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_3.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_4.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_5.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_5.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_6.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_6.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_7.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_7.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_8.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_8.ipynb
index db2cb5a6..db2cb5a6 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter10_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter10_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_10.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_10.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_11.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_11.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_12.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_12.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_13.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_13.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_14.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_14.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_15.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_15.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_3.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_3.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_4.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_4.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_5.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_5.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_6.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_6.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_7.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_7.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_8.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_8.ipynb
index a7a687c2..a7a687c2 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter11_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter11_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_10.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_10.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_11.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_11.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_12.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_12.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_13.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_13.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_14.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_14.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_15.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_15.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_3.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_4.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_5.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_5.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_6.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_6.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_7.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_7.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_8.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_8.ipynb
index f5e720e1..f5e720e1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter12_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter12_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_10.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_10.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_11.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_11.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_12.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_12.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_13.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_13.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_14.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_14.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_15.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_15.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_3.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_4.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_5.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_5.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_6.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_6.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_7.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_7.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_8.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_8.ipynb
index 0c43b667..0c43b667 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter13_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter13_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_10.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_10.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_11.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_11.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_12.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_12.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_13.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_13.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_14.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_14.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_15.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_15.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_2.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_3.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_3.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_4.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_4.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_5.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_5.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_6.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_6.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_7.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_7.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_8.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_8.ipynb
index 39ea0685..39ea0685 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter15_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter15_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_10.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_10.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_11.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_11.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_12.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_12.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_13.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_13.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_14.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_14.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_15.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_15.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_3.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_3.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_4.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_4.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_5.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_5.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_6.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_6.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_7.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_7.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_8.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_8.ipynb
index 3371a2b1..3371a2b1 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter5_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter5_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_10.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_10.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_11.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_11.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_12.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_12.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_13.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_13.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_14.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_14.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_15.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_15.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_3.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_3.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_4.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_4.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_5.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_5.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_6.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_6.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_7.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_7.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_8.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_8.ipynb
index 4c020690..4c020690 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter6_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter6_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_10.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_10.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_11.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_11.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_12.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_12.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_13.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_13.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_14.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_14.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_15.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_15.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_3.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_4.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_4.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_5.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_5.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_6.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_6.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_7.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_7.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_8.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_8.ipynb
index e3d4fa14..e3d4fa14 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter7_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter7_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_10.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_10.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_11.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_11.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_12.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_12.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_13.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_13.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_14.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_14.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_15.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_15.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_3.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_3.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_4.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_4.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_5.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_5.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_6.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_6.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_7.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_7.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_8.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_8.ipynb
index 02731f67..02731f67 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter8_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter8_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_10.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_10.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_11.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_11.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_12.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_12.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_13.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_13.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_14.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_14.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_15.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_15.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_3.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_3.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_4.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_4.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_5.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_5.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_6.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_6.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_7.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_7.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_8.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_8.ipynb
index c59dc853..c59dc853 100755
--- a/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram/chapter9_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Concepts_and_C_Programming_by_R.Rajaram_version_backup/chapter9_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_02_Fundamentals_of_C_language.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_02_Fundamentals_of_C.ipynb
index 2c500315..2c500315 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_02_Fundamentals_of_C_language.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_02_Fundamentals_of_C.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_03_Input_Output_Functions_and_Statements.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_03_Input_Output_Functions_and.ipynb
index e0941e6f..e0941e6f 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_03_Input_Output_Functions_and_Statements.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_03_Input_Output_Functions_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_04_Control_Statements_in_C.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_04ontrol_Statements_in.ipynb
index 6dcd833e..6dcd833e 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_04_Control_Statements_in_C.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_04ontrol_Statements_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_05_Loop_Control_Structures_In_C.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_05_Loopontrol_Structures_In.ipynb
index 87019e9b..87019e9b 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_05_Loop_Control_Structures_In_C.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_05_Loopontrol_Structures_In.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_06_Arrays_and_Subscripted_Variables.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_06_Arrays_and_Subscripted.ipynb
index 4d310a43..4d310a43 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_06_Arrays_and_Subscripted_Variables.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_06_Arrays_and_Subscripted.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_07_String_Manipulations_in_C.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_07_String_Manipulations_in.ipynb
index 9a0df3cb..9a0df3cb 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_07_String_Manipulations_in_C.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_07_String_Manipulations_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_08_Functins_in_C.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_08_Functins_in.ipynb
index 90388fc6..90388fc6 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_08_Functins_in_C.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_08_Functins_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_09_Structures_and_Unions.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_09_Structures_and.ipynb
index 30accc65..30accc65 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_09_Structures_and_Unions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_09_Structures_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_11_Files.ipynb b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index a198f1a0..a198f1a0 100755
--- a/Computer_Programming_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan/Chapter_11_Files.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Computer_Programming,_Theory_and_Practice_by_T_Jeyapoovan_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_4.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_5.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_6.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_6.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_(English)_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 78ac4a48..78ac4a48 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 78ac4a48..78ac4a48 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
index 78ac4a48..78ac4a48 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
index 78ac4a48..78ac4a48 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
index 78ac4a48..78ac4a48 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_5.ipynb
index 78ac4a48..78ac4a48 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index fb101f73..fb101f73 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index fb101f73..fb101f73 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
index fb101f73..fb101f73 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_3.ipynb
index fb101f73..fb101f73 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_4.ipynb
index fb101f73..fb101f73 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_5.ipynb
index fb101f73..fb101f73 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index bd4cedfd..bd4cedfd 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index bd4cedfd..bd4cedfd 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
index bd4cedfd..bd4cedfd 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
index bd4cedfd..bd4cedfd 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
index bd4cedfd..bd4cedfd 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_5.ipynb
index bd4cedfd..bd4cedfd 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index f52cabb2..f52cabb2 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index f52cabb2..f52cabb2 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
index f52cabb2..f52cabb2 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
index f52cabb2..f52cabb2 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
index f52cabb2..f52cabb2 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_5.ipynb
index f52cabb2..f52cabb2 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_10.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_10.ipynb
index 93af3eb9..93af3eb9 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_11.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_11.ipynb
index 93af3eb9..93af3eb9 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_12.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_12.ipynb
index 93af3eb9..93af3eb9 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_13.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_13.ipynb
index 93af3eb9..93af3eb9 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_4.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_5.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_6.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_6.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_7.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_7.ipynb
index 822b916c..822b916c 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_8.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_8.ipynb
index 93af3eb9..93af3eb9 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index f1e38f40..f1e38f40 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index f1e38f40..f1e38f40 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
index f1e38f40..f1e38f40 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_3.ipynb
index f1e38f40..f1e38f40 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_4.ipynb
index f1e38f40..f1e38f40 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_5.ipynb
index f1e38f40..f1e38f40 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index eb098888..eb098888 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
index eb098888..eb098888 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
index eb098888..eb098888 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_3.ipynb
index eb098888..eb098888 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_4.ipynb
index eb098888..eb098888 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_5.ipynb
index eb098888..eb098888 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 9dc65224..9dc65224 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index 9dc65224..9dc65224 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
index 9dc65224..9dc65224 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_3.ipynb
index 9dc65224..9dc65224 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_4.ipynb
index 9dc65224..9dc65224 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_5.ipynb
index 9dc65224..9dc65224 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 14a0b58a..14a0b58a 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 14a0b58a..14a0b58a 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
index 14a0b58a..14a0b58a 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_3.ipynb
index 14a0b58a..14a0b58a 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_4.ipynb
index 14a0b58a..14a0b58a 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_5.ipynb
index 14a0b58a..14a0b58a 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 7151f505..7151f505 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index c802fea3..c802fea3 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
index c802fea3..c802fea3 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_3.ipynb
index c802fea3..c802fea3 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_4.ipynb
index c802fea3..c802fea3 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_5.ipynb
index c802fea3..c802fea3 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index e6f65e29..e6f65e29 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index e6f65e29..e6f65e29 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
index e6f65e29..e6f65e29 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
index e6f65e29..e6f65e29 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_4.ipynb
index e6f65e29..e6f65e29 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_5.ipynb
index e6f65e29..e6f65e29 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 96584942..96584942 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index 96584942..96584942 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
index 96584942..96584942 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_3.ipynb
index 96584942..96584942 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_4.ipynb
index 96584942..96584942 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_5.ipynb
index 96584942..96584942 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index d2938b5e..d2938b5e 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index d2938b5e..d2938b5e 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
index d2938b5e..d2938b5e 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_3.ipynb
index d2938b5e..d2938b5e 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_4.ipynb
index d2938b5e..d2938b5e 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_5.ipynb
index d2938b5e..d2938b5e 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_3rd_Edition_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 93af3eb9..93af3eb9 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 78ac4a48..78ac4a48 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 78ac4a48..78ac4a48 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index fb101f73..fb101f73 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index fb101f73..fb101f73 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index bd4cedfd..bd4cedfd 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index bd4cedfd..bd4cedfd 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index f52cabb2..f52cabb2 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index f52cabb2..f52cabb2 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index 93af3eb9..93af3eb9 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index f1e38f40..f1e38f40 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index f1e38f40..f1e38f40 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index eb098888..eb098888 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
index 7a4f9b2e..7a4f9b2e 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 9dc65224..9dc65224 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index 0c08dc86..0c08dc86 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 14a0b58a..14a0b58a 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 14a0b58a..14a0b58a 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index c802fea3..c802fea3 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index ce3465dd..ce3465dd 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index e6f65e29..e6f65e29 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index e6f65e29..e6f65e29 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 96584942..96584942 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index e3c2bc19..e3c2bc19 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index d2938b5e..d2938b5e 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index d2938b5e..d2938b5e 100755
--- a/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco/chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Design_With_Operational_Amplifiers_And_Analog_Integrated_Circuits_by_Sergio_Franco_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/CHapter_17_Homogeneous_Chemical_Reactions.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/CHapter_17_Homogeneous_Chemical.ipynb
index fc89b13e..fc89b13e 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/CHapter_17_Homogeneous_Chemical_Reactions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/CHapter_17_Homogeneous_Chemical.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_8_Fundamentals_of_Mass_Transfer_.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter8FundamentalsofMassTransfer.ipynb
index 4116c57a..4116c57a 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_8_Fundamentals_of_Mass_Transfer_.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter8FundamentalsofMassTransfer.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_11_Mass_Transfer_in_Biology_and_Medicine.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_11_Mass_Transfer_in_Biology_and.ipynb
index e0bd3fa9..e0bd3fa9 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_11_Mass_Transfer_in_Biology_and_Medicine.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_11_Mass_Transfer_in_Biology_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_12_Diffrential_Distillation.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_12_Diffrential.ipynb
index 24a8b3c9..24a8b3c9 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_12_Diffrential_Distillation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_12_Diffrential.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_13_Staged_Distillation.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_13_Staged.ipynb
index 3d3edb09..3d3edb09 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_13_Staged_Distillation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_13_Staged.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_14_Extraction.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
index 91485f40..91485f40 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_14_Extraction.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_15_Adsorption.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
index 034f965c..034f965c 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_15_Adsorption.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_16_General_Questions_and_Heterogeneous_Chemical_Reactions.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_16_General_Questions_and_Heterogeneous_Chemical.ipynb
index d0d24a1e..d0d24a1e 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_16_General_Questions_and_Heterogeneous_Chemical_Reactions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_16_General_Questions_and_Heterogeneous_Chemical.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_18_Membranes.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
index af6983a6..af6983a6 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_18_Membranes.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_19_Controlled_Release_and_Related_Phenomena.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_19_Controlled_Release_and_Related.ipynb
index d24075ad..d24075ad 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_19_Controlled_Release_and_Related_Phenomena.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_19_Controlled_Release_and_Related.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_20_Heat_Transfer.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_20_Heat.ipynb
index eb5ec1f3..eb5ec1f3 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_20_Heat_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_20_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_21_Simultaneous_Heat_and_Mass_Transfer.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_21_Simultaneous_Heat_and_Mass.ipynb
index aa196c71..aa196c71 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_21_Simultaneous_Heat_and_Mass_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_21_Simultaneous_Heat_and_Mass.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_3_Diffusion_in_Concentrated_Solution.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_3_Diffusion_in_Concentrated.ipynb
index d2335059..d2335059 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_3_Diffusion_in_Concentrated_Solution.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_3_Diffusion_in_Concentrated.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_4_Dispersion.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
index 45bd9c35..45bd9c35 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_4_Dispersion.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_5_Values_of_Diffusion_Coefficient.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_5_Values_of_Diffusion.ipynb
index 6e5023a9..6e5023a9 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_5_Values_of_Diffusion_Coefficient.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_5_Values_of_Diffusion.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_6_Diffusion_of_Interacting_Species.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_6_Diffusion_of_Interacting.ipynb
index 44bfdd35..44bfdd35 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_6_Diffusion_of_Interacting_Species.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_6_Diffusion_of_Interacting.ipynb
diff --git a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_9__Theories_of_Mass_Transfer.ipynb b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_9__Theories_of_Mass.ipynb
index f6f97301..f6f97301 100755
--- a/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler/Chapter_9__Theories_of_Mass_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Diffusion:_Mass_Transfer_In_Fluid_Systems_by__E._L._Cussler_version_backup/Chapter_9__Theories_of_Mass.ipynb
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter1_bmaHHM8.ipynb b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index de235249..3f0fb80c 100644..100755
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter1_bmaHHM8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 27,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
      "data": {
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RnJAqTtOIiOzp8cfhgQdgypSwhvfGjRupVasWmzZtol27dgwZMoSWLVvGHabEqKpX7tMS\n8SJp6n//FwYNgldfhWOPDfuuvfZalixZwpYtW+jVq5cShuyXRNcIbwC0Jgy2m+vua5IdWEWopCES\nuENeHoweDa+8AkcfHXdEksqSNWFhd2Au0A3oDsw1s277F6KIJIs79O4dGr5ffVUJQ5IjkfU03gV+\ntqN0YWb1gWlq0xBJHe5w881hSpCXXoJ69eKOSNJBVbdp7Lwu8HmJ51+gSQRFUoY7/P73IWFMmQJ1\n68YdkWSyRJLGS8DLZvYsIVn0ACYnNSoRSYh7GKg3axZMnaqEIcm3ty633YF8d99iZhcBZxAawl9z\n9+erMcZ9UvWUZCN3+OMfYcaM0Oh9+OFxRyTppkqXezWz8YR1wV8CRgJT3H17mSfHTElDso079OkT\nShfTpqkNQ/ZPla8RbmZ1gC6EOZ9aEqYmH+nur1Ym0KqmpCHZ5o474MUXQ8L47nfjjkbSVZUnjVIX\nPwK4CPgNUM/dU6ZDn5KGZJP+/cP0IDNnwhFHxB2NpLNk9Z7CzA4HuhIawesBYysenohU1t//DoMH\nw2uvKWFIPPbWplGbXVVTrYB8QttGQar9Wa+ShmSDZ5+FW28NJYwf/SjuaCQTVHVD+FrgZXY1gn9b\n+RCTQ0lDMt2ECXDNNaEN48QT445GMkVVJ41D3X1TlUSWZEoaksmmT4dLLgkN36ecEnc0kkmqtE0j\nXRKGSCabMwd69IDnnlPCkNSwzwkLRSQe//oXdO4Mw4ZBu3ZxRyMSKGmIpKCPP4aOHeHRR6FTp7ij\nEdkl1qRhZk+Y2eq9rRJoZgPNbLmZLTSzn1RnfCJxWLcOOnSAm26Cyy6LOxqR3cVd0ngSaF/eQTPr\nCPyXux8PXAsMqq7AROKwZQtceCH87GdhIkKRVBNr0nD314B1ezmlMzA8OncOUDdaRVAk4xQXw//7\nf3DkkfDII2BagEBSUEIjwmPUEPi4xPNPgKOB1fGEI5IcO9bE+PzzsIjSAXHXAYiUI9WTBuy54FOZ\nAzLy8vJ2bufm5pKbm5u8iESq2MMPh4F7r78OBx8cdzSSqQoKCigoKKjUNRKesDBZzOwYYIK7Ny/j\n2N8J05aMip4vA9q5++pS52lwn6StESOgb1944w2t6y3Va38G96V6ITgfuBLAzE4F1pdOGCLprKAA\nbrkFJk9WwpD0EGv1lJmNBNoBR5jZx8DdwEEA7j7Y3SeZWUczWwFsBK6KL1qRqvXee2G097PPaj4p\nSR+xV09VBVVPSbpZuxZOPTVUS/3yl3FHI9kqqYswpTIlDUknW7eGcRht28IDD8QdjWQzJQ2RFOce\nxmJs3QqjR6trrcQraSv3iUjVuOceWL48NIArYUg6UtIQqSYjRsCTT8Ls2XDIIXFHI7J/VD0lUg1e\nfx26dg0LKv33f8cdjUiQieM0RNJeYSF06wZPP62EIelPSUMkiTZsCAsp3XYb/OIXcUcjUnmqnhJJ\nkuJiuPhiqFcPhgzRrLWSetR7SiSF5OXBmjUwcqQShmQOJQ2RJBgzBoYPh7lzoWbNuKMRqTqqnhKp\nYm+/DeeeC1OnQsuWcUcjUj71nhKJ2erVYbnWQYOUMCQzKWmIVJGtW8NYjKuuCg3gIplI1VMiVcA9\nzFb79dehPUNThEg6UO8pkZgMHAgLFsCsWUoYktlU0hCppBkz4NJLw5xSxxwTdzQiiVNDuEg1+/e/\n4bLLwup7ShiSDZQ0RPbT5s2h4bt3b/jpT+OORqR6qHpKZD+4w9VXw5YtoZShEd+SjtKuesrM2pvZ\nMjNbbmZ9yjiea2Zfmdnb0ePOOOIUKW3QIHjrLfjnP5UwJLvE1nvKzHKAx4CfAauAeWaW7+5LS536\nqrt3rvYARcrx+uvQrx+88QbUqhV3NCLVK86SRmtghbsXuvs2YBRwQRnn6e84SRmffgo9esCwYXDc\ncXFHI1L94kwaDYGPSzz/JNpXkgOnm9lCM5tkZs2qLTqRUr79Noz0vuEG6NAh7mhE4hHn4L5EWq4X\nAI3cfZOZdQDGA43LOjEvL2/ndm5uLrm5uVUQosguN98MDRpA375xRyKyfwoKCigoKKjUNWLrPWVm\npwJ57t4+et4XKHb3/nt5zYfASe7+Zan96j0lSTV0KDz0EMyZA9/5TtzRiFSNdOs9NR843syOMbMa\nQA8gv+QJZtbALPRNMbPWhCT35Z6XEkmeuXND6WL8eCUMkdiqp9x9u5ndCLwM5ABD3X2pmV0XHR8M\nXAxcb2bbgU3AJXHFK9lpzZrQjjFkCDRpEnc0IvHT4D6RchQVwS9+AW3awP/8T9zRiFS9dKueEklp\neXlh5Pc998QdiUjq0NToImWYNCmMxXjrLcjJiTsakdShpCFSSmFhWH1v3Dj43vfijkYktah6SqSE\nrVuhWze47TZo2zbuaERSjxrCRUq4/nr4/HMYO1YTEUrm03KvIpXwzDMwbRrMn6+EIVIelTREgH/9\nC84+G6ZPh+bN445GpHqoy63IfvjmmzCA7+GHlTBE9kUlDclq7mGq88MPh8GD445GpHqpTUOkggYO\nhJUrYdasuCMRSQ8qaUjWeuMN6NIFZs+GY4+NOxqR6qc2DZEErVkTqqWGDlXCEKkIlTQk6xQVQfv2\ncMop8Oc/xx2NSHxU0hBJQL9+IXFoIkKRilNDuGSVyZPhiSfCRIQH6tsvUmH6byNZ46OPoFcveO65\nsNa3iFScqqckK2zdGgbw3XornHlm3NGIpC81hEtWuOEGWL06lDI0r5RIoMF9ImUYMQJeeQXmzVPC\nEKmsWKunzKy9mS0zs+Vm1qeccwZGxxea2U+qO0ZJb4sXw+9+F0oYderEHY1I+ostaZhZDvAY0B5o\nBlxqZieUOqcj8F/ufjxwLTCo2gOVtPXNN3DRRfDQQ9CiRdzRiGSGOEsarYEV7l7o7tuAUcAFpc7p\nDAwHcPc5QF0zU78X2Sd3+NWvQqN3z55xRyOSOeJs02gIfFzi+SdAmwTOORpYndzQJN399a+wfHmY\nX0pEqk6cSSPR7k6lmy7LfF1eXt7O7dzcXHJzc/crKEl/b74J990XJiI8+OC4oxFJHQUFBRQUFFTq\nGrF1uTWzU4E8d28fPe8LFLt7/xLn/B0ocPdR0fNlQDt3X13qWupyK0BY3/ukk+Bvf4Pzz487GpHU\nlm5zT80HjjezY8ysBtADyC91Tj5wJexMMutLJwyRHYqK4PLLw0MJQyQ5YquecvftZnYj8DKQAwx1\n96Vmdl10fLC7TzKzjma2AtgIXBVXvJL67rkHtm2De++NOxKRzKUR4ZIRXnop9JaaPx+OPDLuaETS\ng0aES1baMRHh2LFKGCLJpgkLJa1t3QrdukHv3pqIUKQ6qHpK0tpvfgOffgrjxmleKZGKUvWUZJUR\nI2DKlNCOoYQhUj1U0pC0tHgx5ObCtGmaV0pkf6XbOA2R/fL119C1qyYiFImDShqSVtyhe3eoVw8G\nD447GpH0pjYNyXh/+Qt88AE8/XTckYhkJ5U0JG3MmhWqpWbPhmOPjTsakfSnNg3JWKtXQ48e8MQT\nShgicVLSkJS3fTtceilcdRV06hR3NCLZTUlDUt6f/gQ5OVBiyRQRiYkawiWl5eeHRu8FC0LiEJF4\nKWlIyvrggzBz7QsvQP36cUcjIqDqKUlRmzfDRRfBnXfCaafFHY2I7KAut5KSfvUr2LABRo7UvFIi\nyaLBfZIRnngijMmYN08JQyTVqKQhKeXtt+Hcc+HVV6FZs7ijEclsGtwnae2LL8KI78ceU8IQSVWx\nlDTMrB4wGvghUAh0d/f1ZZxXCHwNFAHb3L11OddTSSPNFRVBx47QvHmYvVZEki+dShq3AVPdvTEw\nLXpeFgdy3f0n5SUMyQx33QXbtsEDD8QdiYjsTVxJozMwPNoeDly4l3PVFJrhxo0Lq/CNHg0HqmuG\nSEqLq3pqnbsfHm0b8OWO56XO+wD4ilA9Ndjdh5RzPVVPpamlS+Gss2DyZDj55LijEckuKdXl1sym\nAkeWceiOkk/c3c2svN/4bd39MzOrD0w1s2Xu/lpZJ+aVmJgoNzeX3Nzc/Ypbqs/XX0OXLtC/vxKG\nSHUoKCigoKCgUteIq6SxjNBW8R8z+z4ww92b7uM1dwMb3P3hMo6ppJFmiotDT6nvfx8GDYo7GpHs\nlE4N4flAz2i7JzC+9AlmdqiZ1Y62awHnAouqLUJJqvvvD2tkDBgQdyQiUhFxdrkdA/yAEl1uzewo\nYIi7dzKzHwHjopccCIxw9/vLuZ5KGmnkpZfg6qvDiO+GDeOORiR77U9JQyPCpVp98EGYgPC55+DM\nM+OORiS7pVP1lGShTZtCw/eddyphiKQrlTSkWrjD5ZeHhZSeekoTEYqkgpTqcitS0oMPwvvvw8yZ\nShgi6UxJQ5LuxRdh4ECYMwcOPTTuaESkMpQ0JKmWLoWrroLx4+Hoo+OORkQqSw3hkjTr1sEFF4RJ\nCE8/Pe5oRKQqqCFckqKoCDp1gqZNNYBPJFWpy62kjD59QuLQ2hgimUVtGlLlnnoqtGHMnaupzkUy\njaqnpErNnQvnnQczZsCJJ8YdjYjsjaqnJFaffhpmrh06VAlDJFMpaUiV2LwZLrwQbrgBzj8/7mhE\nJFlUPSWVVlwMl1wCNWtqihCRdKJpRCQWd90VqqamTVPCEMl0ShpSKcOHw6hRMHt2KGmISGZT9ZTs\nt5kz4eKL4dVX4YQT4o5GRCpKvaek2qxYAd27w4gRShgi2URJQyps3bowFiMvD37+87ijEZHqpOop\nqZBt26B9e2jRAh59NO5oRKQy0qZ6ysy6mdliMysys1Z7Oa+9mS0zs+Vm1qc6Y5Q9ucN114U1MTSn\nlEh2iqt6ahHQBZhZ3glmlgM8BrQHmgGXmplqz2OUlweLFsHIkWHZVhHJPrF0uXX3ZRCKRnvRGljh\n7oXRuaOAC4ClyY5P9vTPf8Izz8Abb8Bhh8UdjYjEJZUbwhsCH5d4/km0T6rZpElw550weTI0aBB3\nNCISp6SVNMxsKnBkGYdud/cJCVyiQi3beXl5O7dzc3PJzc2tyMulHPPnQ8+ekJ8PjRvHHY2IVEZB\nQQEFBQWVukasvafMbAbwB3dfUMaxU4E8d28fPe8LFLt7/zLOVe+pJPjgAzjjDHj88TAZoYhklrTp\nPVVKeQHPB443s2PMrAbQA8ivvrCy2xdfQIcOcMcdShgisktcXW67mNnHwKnAi2Y2Odp/lJm9CODu\n24EbgZeBJcBod1cjeDXYtAk6dw7J4je/iTsaEUklGtwnu9m2LSSLevXCZIQHpEJZVESSIl2rpyRF\nFBeHRu+cHHjiCSUMEdmTpkYXIIz2/u1vYdUqeOklOOiguCMSkVSkpCEA/OlPYU2M6dPhkEPijkZE\nUpWShvDoozB2LLz2GtSpE3c0IpLKlDSy3LBhMGBASBj168cdjYikOiWNLDZ+PPTtCwUF8IMfxB2N\niKQDJY0sNWlSmOZ88mRo0iTuaEQkXShpZKEpU6BXL5gwAVqVu5qJiMie1BM/y0yfDldcAc8/D23a\nxB2NiKQbJY0sMnMmXHIJPPcctG0bdzQiko6UNLLErFlw8cUwahScdVbc0YhIulLSyAJvvAFdu4aV\n937607ijEZF0pqSR4QoKwgSETz0F554bdzQiku40y20GuvfeexkxYgQHHlifFSsacfXVJ7F06UTa\ntGnDjBkzWL9+PUOHDuWMM85g2LBh5Ofns3nzZlauXEmXLl3o33+Pda5EJANpllth3rx5jBs3jvvv\nf5fVqydTv/58jjsuHCsqKmLOnDkMGDCAfv367XzNwoULGTNmDIsWLWL06NGsWrUqpuhFJNUpaWSY\nWbNm0bjxhfz61zWYNOkwunc/f+exrl27AtCqVSsKCwt37j/nnHOoXbs2NWvWpFmzZrsdExEpSUkj\nw7z1lvHii87LL8Mpp+x+rEaNGgDk5OSwffv2nftr1qy5czsnJ4eioqJqiVVE0o+SRgYZMACmTm3L\nD384gRNO2MqGDRuYOHFiha+j9iERKU8s04iYWTcgD2gKnOLuC8o5rxD4GigCtrl76+qKMZ24w+23\nhwkI5849mSef7EyLFi1o0KABzZs3p06dOpgZZrvau3Zsl95f8piISGmx9J4ys6ZAMTAY+MNeksaH\nwEnu/uUVyNOPAAAKNklEQVQ+rpe1vae2bw8TDy5eDBMnwhFHwMaNG6lVqxabNm2iXbt2DBkyhJYt\nW8YdqoikmP3pPRVLScPdl0HCf9Hqz95ybN4cpgXZuhWmTYNatcL+a6+9liVLlrBlyxZ69eqlhCEi\nVSbWcRpmNoO9lzQ+AL4iVE8Ndvch5ZyXdSWNtWuhS5ewDsaTT0LUxi0ikrCUKmmY2VTgyDIO3e7u\nExK8TFt3/8zM6gNTzWyZu79WdVGmp/feg06dwlxSf/4zHKDuDCJSTZKWNNz951Vwjc+ifz83s+eB\n1kCZSSMvL2/ndm5uLrm5uZV9+5Q0Y0aokrr/frj66rijEZF0UlBQQEFBQaWukQrVU73d/a0yjh0K\n5Lj7N2ZWC5gC9HP3KWWcmxXVU088EZZnHTUKzj477mhEJN2lzTQiZtbFzD4GTgVeNLPJ0f6jzOzF\n6LQjgdfM7B1gDjCxrISRDYqL4bbbQuli5kwlDBGJjyYsTHHr1oWV9jZsgP/7v9ClVkSkKqRNSUMS\ns3AhnHwyNG4Mr7yihCEi8VPSSFEjRsDPfgb33QePPgoHHRR3RCIiMQ3uk/J9+y307g2TJsH06dC8\nedwRiYjsoqSRQj78EC67DL77XZg/H+rWjTsiEZHdqXoqRYweDa1bQ7dukJ+vhCEiqUkljZht3Ag3\n3RS60r70Epx0UtwRiYiUTyWNGM2aBS1bhplqFyxQwhCR1KeSRgy2bIG77oJnnoHHHw8TD4qIpAMl\njWo2dy706gUnngjvvgv168cdkYhI4pQ0qslXX8Edd4RR3QMGQI8ecUckIlJxatNIMncYOxaaNQtj\nMBYvVsIQkfSlkkYSLV4Mt9wCq1bBmDHQtm3cEYmIVI5KGknw+edw/fVhNtqOHeHtt5UwRCQzKGlU\noY0boX//UBVVsyYsWwY336x5o0Qkc6h6qgps3gx//zs8+CCceSa8/jo0aRJ3VCIiVU9JoxI2bAir\n6fXvH6YAefllaNEi7qhERJJHSWM/fPYZPPYY/OMf0K4dvPBCWPdCRCTTqU0jQe5h2o8dA/O++gpm\nz4bnnlPCEJHskTHLvd5zzz2MGDGC+vXr06hRI0466SQmTpxImzZtmDFjBuvXr2fo0KGcccYZDBs2\njPz8fDZv3szKlSvp0qUL/fv3L/Paa9fC00/DP/8Z5oi65hq46qowfbmISDpLm+Vezex/zWypmS00\ns3FmVqec89qb2TIzW25mffZ2zXHjxvHuu+8yefJk5s+fv3N/UVERc+bMYcCAAfTr12/n/oULFzJm\nzBgWLVrE6NGjWbVq1c5jX34Z2irat4fjjoO33oJBg0JvqN69lTBEJHvFVT01BTjR3X8MvA/0LX2C\nmeUAjwHtgWbApWZ2QnkXvPDCC6lRowaHHXYY559//s79Xbt2BaBVq1YUFhbu3H/OOedQu3Ztatas\nSbNmzZg+vZBHHoFzz4Vjjw0r5119dRiY98wzcNZZYBXKx/EoKCiIO4SUoXuxi+7FLroXlRNL0nD3\nqe5eHD2dAxxdxmmtgRXuXuju24BRwAV7uWaZ+2vUqAFATk4O27dvB6CoCL76qiaPPw5XXgnTp+dw\n661FvP8+/PrXIVE89xx07w6HHbbfHzMW+g+xi+7FLroXu+heVE4q9J66GhhZxv6GwMclnn8CtCnv\nIhMmTKBv375s27aNiRMncs011/Ltt7B8OXz0UVivYu1aaNMG3nknJIPatcO4ik8+gT/9ycnNrdoP\nJiKSaZKWNMxsKnBkGYdud/cJ0Tl3AN+6+7NlnFehFvq1aztTt24LDjigAUVFzenTpw4HHGDccYdx\n4onQqBEcfLDx8MPwr38ZS5YYAweG1+bnwwEHpEHdk4hIzGLrPWVmvYBrgHPcfUsZx08F8ty9ffS8\nL1Ds7nt0czKz9O8CJiISg4r2noqlesrM2gN/BNqVlTAi84HjzewY4FOgB3BpWSe6u5nZCEKD+cHA\nsLKSi4iIVE4sJQ0zWw7UAL6Mdr3p7jeY2VHAEHfvFJ3XARgA5ABD3f3+ag9WRER2yojBfSIiUj3S\nbhoRM+tmZovNrMjMWu3lvIQHBqYrM6tnZlPN7H0zm2Jmdcs5r9DM3jWzt81sbnXHmUyJ/JzNbGB0\nfKGZ/aS6Y6wu+7oXZpZrZl9F34O3zezOOOJMNjN7wsxWm9mivZyTFd8J2Pf9qPD3wt3T6gE0BRoD\nM4BW5ZyTA6wAjgEOAt4BTog79iTciweBW6PtPsAD5Zz3IVAv7niT8Pn3+XMGOgKTou02wOy4447x\nXuQC+XHHWg334kzgJ8Cico5nxXeiAvejQt+LtCtpuPsyd39/H6dVaGBgGusMDI+2hwMX7uXcTOxT\nnMjPeec9cvc5QF0za1C9YVaLRL/zmfg92I27vwas28sp2fKdABK6H1CB70XaJY0ElTUwsGFMsSRT\nA3dfHW2vBsr74jvwipnNN7Nrqie0apHIz7msc8qagSDdJXIvHDg9qpKZZGbNqi261JIt34lEVeh7\nkQojwveQyMDAfciY1v293Is7Sj5xd9/LeJW27v6ZmdUHpprZsuivj3SX6M+59F9RGfP9KCGRz7QA\naOTum6KeieMJVb3ZKBu+E4mq0PciJZOGu/+8kpdYBTQq8bwR4a+JtLO3exE1bh3p7v8xs+8Da8q5\nxmfRv5+b2fOEqoxMSBqJ/JxLn3N0tC/T7PNeuPs3JbYnm9njZlbP3b8ku2TLdyIhFf1epHv1VHn1\ncDsHBppZDcLAwPzqC6va5AM9o+2ehL8QdmNmh5pZ7Wi7FnAuUG6vkjSTyM85H7gSds4ysL5ElV4m\n2ee9MLMGZmGuZjNrTehyn20JA7LnO5GQin4vUrKksTdm1gUYCBwBvGhmb7t7h5IDA919u5ndCLzM\nroGBS2MMO1keAMaY2S+BQqA7QKlBkkcC46LvxIHACHefEk+4Vau8n7OZXRcdH+zuk8yso5mtADYC\nV8UYctIkci+Ai4HrzWw7sAm4JLaAk8jMRgLtgCPM7GPgbkKPsqz6Tuywr/tBBb8XGtwnIiIJS/fq\nKRERqUZKGiIikjAlDRERSZiShoiIJExJQ0REEqakISIiCVPSEJGUYmazoym6PzKzNSWm7D7NzMbG\nHV+20zgNEUlJZtYTOMndb4o7FtlFJQ0RSVVGiamCoilSFkXbvcxsfLT42IdmdqOZ9TazBWb2ppkd\nHp13nJlNjmZ4nmlmTWL6LBlDSUNEUtW+qkFOBLoApwD/A3zt7q2AN4nmlgL+AfzW3U8G/gg8nqRY\ns0bazT0lIhKZ4e4bgY1mth7YsWzCIqBFNEHn6cDYaO41gBrVH2ZmUdIQkXS1tcR2cYnnxYTfbQcA\n69w9o9cAr26qnhKRVLW/S9Ma7Fwn4kMzuxjAghZVFVy2UtIQkVTl7Nmu4eUcK7294/nlwC/N7B3g\nX4T1waUS1OVWREQSppKGiIgkTElDREQSpqQhIiIJU9IQEZGEKWmIiEjClDRERCRhShoiIpIwJQ0R\nEUnY/wfincqi2HtregAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f10202bcf50>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f473abb8710>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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zSqtNKpV6UQalGaUeKUqERNwskLoJUSyVjBEXsRql4OLq9yywyPFtRqknijwt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\nmKgbhmEkxP8H1mfQrGLrivYAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f1009538350>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f473a895a50>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import arange\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "%matplotlib inline\n",
     "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,title,xlabel,ylabel,show,figure,text\n",
     "from math import sin,pi,sqrt\n",
     "\n",
     "#Figure 1.2: Analog to Digital Conversion\n",
-    "t = arange(-1,1.01,0.01)\n",
+    "t = np.arange(-1,1.01,0.01)\n",
     "x = [2*sin((pi/2)*tt) for tt in t]\n",
     "dig_data = [0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1]\n",
     "figure=figure()\n",
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter2_XLwGLkV.ipynb b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 497875b7..49325463 100644..100755
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter2_XLwGLkV.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 24,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 28,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 31,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 34,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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tUWCY+lWvQ9eu8OijcPLJ4fKiiIhIFijhyhgzO9nMxgIbmtnY2N8k4L2Uw2sS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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f94d28b5310>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f4e00050f10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 45,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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WtDkFpvsws/8lHVxdeLJyrv49/DAcfTQMHQr77JN2NC4J5ZishprZsZIqKZys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\nmff/xUXp9BgBdbUAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f1bfe6cf890>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f4de45b5e10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..cb451838
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 3 Detection & Estimation"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example3.1 page 120"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 40,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f3eb2943610>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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YDFyQXjjxeJJwzqWtVZJE2mMSrxIGpHNGEa4mNiNpL+AGYIKZvV2soUbOk/Ak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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f3eb26e6d10>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange, ones, sqrt\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot, subplot, xlabel,ylabel,title, show\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#using Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure\n",
+    "T = 1#\n",
+    "t1 = arange(0,0.01+T/3,0.01)\n",
+    "t2 = arange(0,0.01+2*T/3,0.01)\n",
+    "t3 = arange(T/3,0.01+T,0.01)\n",
+    "t4 = arange(0,0.01+T,0.01)\n",
+    "s1t = [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t1)-2)]+[0]\n",
+    "s2t = [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t2)-2)]+[0]\n",
+    "s3t = [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t3)-2)]+[0]\n",
+    "s4t = [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t4)-2)]+[0]\n",
+    "t5 = arange(0,0.01+T/3,0.01)\n",
+    "phi1t =  [sqrt(3/T)*x for x in [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t5)-2)]+[0]]\n",
+    "t6 =arange(T/3,0.01+2*T/3,0.01)\n",
+    "phi2t = [sqrt(3/T)*x for x in [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t6)-2)]+[0]]\n",
+    "t7 = arange(2*T/3,0.01+T,0.01)\n",
+    "phi3t = [sqrt(3/T)*x for x in [0]+[x for x in ones(len(t7)-2)]+[0]]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#figure\n",
+    "title('Figure3.4(a) Set of signals to be orthonormalized')\n",
+    "subplot(4,1,1)\n",
+    "plot(t1,s1t)\n",
+    "xlabel('t')\n",
+    "ylabel('s1(t)')\n",
+    "subplot(4,1,2)\n",
+    "plot(t2,s2t)\n",
+    "xlabel('t')\n",
+    "ylabel('s2(t)')\n",
+    "subplot(4,1,3)\n",
+    "plot(t3,s3t)\n",
+    "xlabel('t')\n",
+    "ylabel('s3(t)')\n",
+    "subplot(4,1,4)\n",
+    "plot(t4,s4t)\n",
+    "xlabel('t')\n",
+    "ylabel('s4(t)')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#figure\n",
+    "title('Figure3.4(b) The resulting set of orthonormal functions')\n",
+    "subplot(3,1,1)\n",
+    "plot(t5,phi1t)\n",
+    "xlabel('t')\n",
+    "ylabel('phi1(t)')\n",
+    "subplot(3,1,2)\n",
+    "plot(t6,phi2t)\n",
+    "xlabel('t')\n",
+    "ylabel('phi2(t)')\n",
+    "subplot(3,1,3)\n",
+    "plot(t7,phi3t)\n",
+    "xlabel('t')\n",
+    "ylabel('phi3(t)')\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example3.2 page 121"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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nB1F8SuJK4OfAyb3u92TGl6aPBK6l+GRIk+KbBXwLuA64GOhr+vHrdCyAE4AT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\nmbU4KZiZWcv/B2PoWc8YAO08AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa3f2804950>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Figure 3.8 (b).Representation of transmitted dibits\n",
+      "Loc. of meg.point| (-3/2)asqrt(T)|(-1/2)asqrt(T)|(3/2)asqrt(T)|(1/2)asqrt(T)\n",
+      "________________________________________________________________________________\n",
+      "Transmitted dibit|         00    |      01      |   11        |   10\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Figure 3.8 (c). Decision intervals for received dibits\n",
+      "Received dibit     |     00          |      01       |   11          |   10\n",
+      "________________________________________________________________________________\n",
+      "Interval on phi1(t)| x1 < -a.sqrt(T) |-a.sqrt(T)<x1<0| 0<x1<a.sqrt(T) | a.sqrt(T)<x1\n",
+      "0.0049504950495\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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hw4YoWbIk7rvvPuzbty9LXz755JObfRk4cCASExPRuXNnFC9eHB06dMC5c+d0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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa40942a910>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import sqrt,arange,random,sin,pi,zeros,multiply\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,xlabel,ylabel,title,show,grid\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Signal constellation and Representation of dibits\n",
+    "a =1#  #amplitude =1\n",
+    "T =1# #Symbol duration in seconds\n",
+    "#Four  message points\n",
+    "Si1 = [(-3/2)*a*sqrt(T),(-1/2)*a*sqrt(T),(3/2)*a*sqrt(T),(1/2)*a*sqrt(T)]\n",
+    "plot(Si1,[0,0,0,0])\n",
+    "xlabel('phi1(t)')\n",
+    "title('Figure 3.8 (a) Signal constellation')\n",
+    "grid()\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "print 'Figure 3.8 (b).Representation of transmitted dibits'\n",
+    "print 'Loc. of meg.point| (-3/2)asqrt(T)|(-1/2)asqrt(T)|(3/2)asqrt(T)|(1/2)asqrt(T)'\n",
+    "print '________________________________________________________________________________'\n",
+    "print 'Transmitted dibit|         00    |      01      |   11        |   10'\n",
+    "print ''\n",
+    "print ''\n",
+    "print 'Figure 3.8 (c). Decision intervals for received dibits'\n",
+    "print 'Received dibit     |     00          |      01       |   11          |   10'\n",
+    "print '________________________________________________________________________________'\n",
+    "print 'Interval on phi1(t)| x1 < -a.sqrt(T) |-a.sqrt(T)<x1<0| 0<x1<a.sqrt(T) | a.sqrt(T)<x1'\n",
+    " \n",
+    "#Implementation of LMS ADAPTIVE FILTER\n",
+    "#For noise cancellation application\n",
+    "order = 18#\n",
+    "t =arange(0,0.01+1,0.01)\n",
+    "x = [sin(2*pi*5*tt) for tt in t]\n",
+    "noise =random.rand(len(x))\n",
+    "x_n = x+noise#\n",
+    "ref_noise = [noise*xx for xx in random.rand(10)]\n",
+    "w = zeros([order,1])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "mu = 0.01*(sum(multiply(x,x))/len(x))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print mu\n",
+    "\n",
+    "N = len(x)#\n",
+    "desired=[]\n",
+    "for k in range(0,1010):\n",
+    "    for i in range(0,N-order-1):\n",
+    "        if i < len(ref_noise):\n",
+    "            buffer = ref_noise[i]#,i+order-1]\n",
+    "            desired.append(x_n[i]-buffer*w)\n",
+    "            w = w+(buffer*mu*desired[i])\n",
+    "  \n",
+    "\n",
+    "subplot(4,1,1)\n",
+    "plot(t,x)\n",
+    "title('Orignal Input Signal')\n",
+    "subplot(4,1,2)\n",
+    "plot(t,noise)\n",
+    "title('random noise')\n",
+    "subplot(4,1,3)\n",
+    "plot(t,x_n)\n",
+    "title('Signal+noise')\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example3.3 page 123"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 34,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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gzXWjJOm0g4iMBRrE2XRr9BtVVRFJdJoPU9UlIlIXGCsic1U17vo6twqxxOPw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\nmVnJuPCbmZXMf3bsm31O2SeyAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f527e136a50>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,sqrt,cos,pi,convolve\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,title,show\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "fc =4# #carrier frequency in Hz\n",
+    "T =1#\n",
+    "t1 = arange(0,0.01+T,0.01)\n",
+    "phit = [sqrt(2/T)*xx for xx in cos(2*pi*fc*t1)]\n",
+    "hopt = phit#\n",
+    "\n",
+    "phiot = convolve(phit,hopt)#\n",
+    "phiot = [yy/max(phiot) for yy in phiot]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "t2 = arange(0,0.01+2*T,0.01)\n",
+    "subplot(2,1,1)\n",
+    "plot(t1,phit)#\n",
+    "title('Figure 3.13 (a) RF pulse input')\n",
+    "subplot(2,1,2)\n",
+    "plot(t2,phiot)#\n",
+    "title('Figure 3.13 (b) Matched Filter output')\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example3.4 page 124"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 40,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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AJeEm/Pdf6NkTPvggakkcx/zzNWvCNdfYhGzVqlFL5CRCutMlNAG6q2qL4H0X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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f527df99e50>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import random,convolve\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,title,show\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "phit = [0.1*xx for xx in random.uniform(0,1,10)]\n",
+    "hopt = phit\n",
+    "phi0t = convolve(phit,hopt)\n",
+    "phi0t = [yy/max(phi0t) for yy in phi0t]\n",
+    "subplot(2,1,1)\n",
+    "plot(range(0,len(phit)),phit)\n",
+    "title('Figure 3.16 (a) Noise Like input signal')\n",
+    "subplot(2,1,2)\n",
+    "plot(range(0,len(phi0t)),phi0t)\n",
+    "title('Figure 3.16 (b) Matched Filter output')\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example3.6 page 127"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 41,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Predictor-error variance 0.64\n",
+      "1 Predictor input variance 1\n",
+      "The predictor-error variance is less than the variance of the predictor input\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Rxx = [0.6, 1, 0.6]\n",
+    "h01 = Rxx[2]/Rxx[1]#  #Rxx(2) = Rxx(0), Rxx(3) = Rxx(1)\n",
+    "sigma_E = Rxx[1] - h01*Rxx[2]\n",
+    "sigma_X = Rxx[1]\n",
+    "print 'Predictor-error variance',sigma_E\n",
+    "print sigma_X,'Predictor input variance',sigma_X\n",
+    "if(sigma_X > sigma_E):\n",
+    "    print 'The predictor-error variance is less than the variance of the predictor input'\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter4_D4b1XOQ.ipynb b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 7ff40f44..a9616b0d 100644..100755
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter4_D4b1XOQ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
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aM+tyH30EX/0qrLBCuny73m+u56SmPNynpn2WBXaOiOnNjZS0NDCophGZmdXQ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\nNWZmZlYK/x9BcGdXqAyYrQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f8850d971d0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f05d85531d0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter5_dSjZdtS.ipynb b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 34a5529c..d8a60805 100644..100755
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter5_dSjZdtS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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XO5SN/J3ZzjnXjEx8eyJfGvol2qn5nJ4LGomk2yQtjo0LZsaNlbRQ0tTYHZmY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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f91e4fbe6d0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6de42cc750>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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7qSMys0bytGlsklUpfQ4QEZ+04fg9gOkF8zOyZXkF8JikcdlIglat/vGP1Mng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\nDTMzy81Jw8zMcnPSMDOz3Jw0zMwst/8P5Ab/UKf2ZwAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f4d48061750>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fe0db41f650>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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RiHixyO1vCLwZEVMAJF0P7ARMblHuV8DNuCtws/L33HNw6KHwt7/B0kvnHY2V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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f2ef2379c10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f35a637abd0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter6_zB6BWD2.ipynb b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 42bdaa3f..976b94b3 100644..100755
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter6_zB6BWD2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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6dC3s3QtriBVpnihrOY0bw7Rp8NRTMGYMtG0L8+bBTTeVNWeNRqPRFIbZLiyb4u8PX38N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\nLJaQ+D+L1IOnq28nhgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f06f46b5e10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f2eb08bd5d0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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HA6OrPPZwpf9/Axyd77hMYVm1Cp56Cl5/3XcktWvZ0i2l+sIL4RbYjUnHpuUwBW/0aLfI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\nXII4JV2CMMk2dSo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rV7s+5403jv7kbsafbbd1w6GPP96NfgvTzJlwwAFuoMbVV4d77ELn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\njDHGpGVJwhhjTFr/D8hBnRP88a+hAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fd838395dd0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fc324486a10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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b5m3MQVdLwkcE87OzNAyskbA0SLKzYcUKyGwzjyk9p5iDR47AqVN2fITF4oY1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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7efc2eb58310>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fc30d2b9150>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import arange,sinc,sin,pi,zeros,cos\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,sinc,sin,pi\n",
     "%matplotlib inline\n",
     "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,grid,title,show,xlabel,ylabel,legend\n",
     "\n",
@@ -374,7 +374,8 @@
     "grid()\n",
     "show()\n",
     "#Result\n",
-    "#Enter the bit rate:1"
+    "#Enter the bit rate:1\n",
+    "        "
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -386,7 +387,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 24,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -395,7 +396,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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jUcH93n0XVltt2QRyHMdpydTVhfAef/lL6REmsswnsQ0w2Mz2jMtnAouSzmtJ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\njuM4qfw/WG7FB0YOBAAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff3f5724410>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fc30d372dd0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -404,9 +405,9 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from numpy import arange,sinc,sin,pi,cos\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,sinc,sin,pi\n",
     "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,subplot,grid,title,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,grid,title,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "#Caption:Frequency response of duobinary conversion filter\n",
@@ -440,7 +441,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -449,7 +450,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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KOOOpmX1lZgMKa5aKy9KlcMQRbg7Xc86JW00gDs44w00p2Leva2JaTjzxBNx5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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f88fc7750d0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fc1e165f590>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter7_iOFdfcy.ipynb b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 3fc2f580..f83a2952 100644..100755
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter7_iOFdfcy.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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y+9k+0EdYC3DVohB5w8fe8WHqA0GCeoCylQNdpzHoZ99YmiWNEYbTZXRV4tN0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\nMVMEDMMwerH/AGh7YG2JCpsXAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa55c4e1c50>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa91c2c7d50>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 140,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fcab6354f10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb1828c2f90>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 131,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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/XfKGbwAsyPtuaeB0YCzwbN7/ZgFwEvB2jOEKQMnlIBxgZ8b4eiV+Oxo4tsC8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\nzjmXyv8Dg9CmkODLrqIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f2c4eca9c10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb182a9ab90>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -253,8 +253,8 @@
     "phi2 = [sin(2*pi*t22)*sin((pi/(2*Tb))*t22) for t22 in t2]\n",
     "teta_0 = [0,pi]\n",
     "teta_tb = [pi/2,-pi/2]\n",
-    "S1 = [];s1 = []\n",
-    "S2 = [];s2 = []\n",
+    "S1 = []\n",
+    "S2 = []\n",
     "for i in range(0,M):\n",
     "  s1.append(cos(teta_0[i]))\n",
     "  s2.append(-sin(teta_tb[i]))\n",
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 101,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -329,9 +329,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "\n",
     "\n",
     "bk = [1,0,0,1,0,0,1,1]##input digital sequence\n",
     "bk_not=[]\n",
@@ -381,7 +378,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 82,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -400,7 +397,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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27cvgwYO59tprKy2brkN7HnzwwezevZtly5aF573//vv8+Mc/Dr9OtaE9JY50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\nAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa400160c50>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb18280cf90>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -439,7 +436,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 72,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -448,7 +445,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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xxx8Z4ZdeekkrVKigmzZtyt9KXgY4e74IQC/aXYCCQG6GxZKAGiISLSIFgd7A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\naYPAq666it69e2eylOvQoQO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1ttm2X467p2+Gt28fvPCCr6XJFX7ZngGKacvgxR3DhMeA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\nngAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f9fcb8b6d50>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb1827ebe50>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -506,7 +503,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 63,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -549,7 +546,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 61,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -571,7 +568,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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xEYyFMY7Vkp7e4kBPB/5S9UARETE+DNVV9VHgKkmfBH5ZbnsBcDow6EOXIiJifBtyOq6k\nvYH3UjxoCWAh8DnbN3chtralqyoiJoJ+6arKdRwb1JXEERH9qV8SR1tPAIyIiFgniSMiIipJ4oiI\niEqSOCIiopIkjoiIqCSJIyIiKkniiIiISpI4IiKikp4mDklzJC2WtETSBrcxkXR0+RyQWyT9VNJe\nvYgzIiKe0LMrxyVNorg9+4HAPcANwJG2FzWUeRGw0PbDkuYAA7Znt6grV45HxLiXK8dhf2Cp7WW2\nVwMXAIc2FrB9ne2Hy9XrgZ27HGNERDTpZeLYCbi7YX15uW0wJwKXjWpEERExrF4+N7ztBpeklwMn\nAC8erMzAwMD65VqtRq1WG0FoERHjT71ep16vj7ieXo5xzKYYs5hTrp8OrLV9RlO5vSiefT7H9tJB\n6soYR0SMexnjgAXAbpJmSdoMOAKY11hA0i4USeMtgyWNiIjorp51VdleI+lk4ApgEnCe7UWSTir3\nfwX4CLAt8GVJAKtt79+rmCMiIg9yalFXuqoioj+lqyoiIsakJI6IiKgkiSMiIipJ4oiIiEqSOCIi\nopIkjoiIqCSJIyIiKkniiIiISpI4IiKikiSOiIioJIkjIiIqSeKIiIhKkjgiIqKSJI6IiKgkiSMi\nIipJ4oiIiEqSOCIiopIkjoiIqCSJIyIiKulp4pA0R9JiSUsknTpImS+V+2+WtE+3Y4yIiCfrWeKQ\nNAk4G5gDPAc4UtIeTWUOAv6n7d2AtwNf7nqgERHxJL1scewPLLW9zPZq4ALg0KYyhwBzAWxfD0yV\nNL27YUZERKNeJo6dgLsb1peX24Yrs/MoxxUREUOY3MNju81yaud9AwMD65drtRq1Wm2jgoqIGK/q\n9Tr1en3E9chu9/zdWZJmAwO255TrpwNrbZ/RUObfgLrtC8r1xcDLbK9sqsud+hwS9OgriYgYUqfP\nT5Kw3fzjfFi97KpaAOwmaZakzYAjgHlNZeYBx8L6RPNQc9KIiIju6llXle01kk4GrgAmAefZXiTp\npHL/V2xfJukgSUuBx4C/71W8ERFR6FlXVSelqyoiJoJ0VUVExJiUxBEREZUkcURERCVJHBERUUkS\nR0REVJLEERERlSRxREREJUkcERFRSRJHRERUksQRERGVJHFEREQlSRwREVFJEkdERFSSxBEREZUk\ncURERCVJHBERUUkSR0REVJLEERERlSRxREREJT1LHJKmSZov6Q5JV0qa2qLMTEnXSrpN0q8lndKL\nWCMi4gm9bHGcBsy3vTtwdbnebDXwbtt7ArOBf5C0RxdjjIiIJr1MHIcAc8vlucDrmwvYvtf2TeXy\nH4BFwIyuRRgRERvoZeKYbntlubwSmD5UYUmzgH2A60c3rIiIGMrk0axc0nxghxa7Pti4YtuSPEQ9\nWwMXAe8sWx4bGBgYWL9cq9Wo1WobEXFExPhVr9ep1+sjrkf2oOfrUSVpMVCzfa+kHYFrbT+7RblN\ngR8AP7J91iB1uVOfQ4IefSUREUPq9PlJErZV9X297KqaBxxXLh8HfK+5gCQB5wELB0saERHRXb1s\ncUwDLgR2AZYBh9t+SNIM4BzbB0t6CfBj4BZgXaCn2768qa60OCJi3OuXFkfPEkcnJXFExETQL4kj\nV45HREQlSRwREVFJEkdERFSSxBEREZUkcURERCVJHBERUUkSR0REVJLEERERlSRxREREJUkcERFR\nSRJHRERUksQRERGVJHFEREQlSRwREVFJEkdERFSSxBEREZUkcURERCVJHBERUUkSR0REVNKTxCFp\nmqT5ku6QdKWkqUOUnSTpRkmXdjPGiIhorVctjtOA+bZ3B64u1wfzTmAh0MFHtEdExMbqVeI4BJhb\nLs8FXt+qkKSdgYOAcwF1J7SIiBhKrxLHdNsry+WVwPRByp0JvA9Y25WoIiJiWJNHq2JJ84EdWuz6\nYOOKbUvaoBtK0muB+2zfKKk23PEGBgbWL9dqNWq1Yd8SETGh1Ot16vX6iOuR3f2hA0mLgZrteyXt\nCFxr+9lNZT4FHAOsAbYApgAX2z62RX3u1OeQoAdfSUTEsDp9fpKE7crDAL3qqpoHHFcuHwd8r7mA\n7Q/Ynml7V+DNwDWtkkZERHRXrxLHZ4BXSboDeEW5jqQZkn44yHvSDoiI6AM96arqtHRVRcREMNG7\nqiIiYoxK4oiIiEqSOCIiopIkjoiIqCSJIyIiKkniiIiISpI4IiKikiSOiIioJIkjIiIqSeKIiIhK\nkjgiIqKSJI6IiKgkiSMiIipJ4oiIiEqSOCIiopIkjoiIqCSJIyIiKkniiIiISnqSOCRNkzRf0h2S\nrpQ0dZByUyVdJGmRpIWSZnc71oiIeLJetThOA+bb3h24ulxv5YvAZbb3APYCFnUpvoiIGITcySef\nt3tQaTHwMtsrJe0A1G0/u6nMNsCNtp/RRn3u1Ofo9MPgIyI6pdPnJ0nYVtX39arFMd32ynJ5JTC9\nRZldgfslnS/pV5LOkbRV90KMiIhWRi1xlGMYt7Z4HdJYrmwqtMqhk4F9gX+1vS/wGIN3aUVERJdM\nHq2Kbb9qsH2SVkrawfa9knYE7mtRbDmw3PYN5fpFDJE4BgYG1i/XajVqtdrGhB0RMW7V63Xq9fqI\n6+nVGMdngQdsnyHpNGCq7Q2SgqQfA2+1fYekAWBL26e2KJcxjogY9/pljKNXiWMacCGwC7AMONz2\nQ5JmAOfYPrgstzdwLrAZcCfw97YfblFfEkdEjHsTOnF0WhJHREwE/ZI4cuV4RERUksQRERGVJHFE\nREQlSRwREVFJEkdERFSSxBEREZUkcURERCVJHBERUUkSR0REVJLEERERlSRxREREJaN2W/Wxattt\ni/vBRET0m2237XUEhdzkMCJigspNDiMioiuSOCIiopIkjoiIqCSJIyIiKkniiIiISpI4IiKikp4k\nDknTJM2XdIekKyVNHaTc6ZJuk3SrpG9K2rzbsUZExJP1qsVxGjDf9u7A1eX6k0iaBbwN2Nf2c4FJ\nwJu7GGPH1ev1XofQlrEQ51iIERJnpyXO/tCrxHEIMLdcngu8vkWZR4DVwFaSJgNbAfd0J7zRMVb+\nMY2FOMdCjJA4Oy1x9odeJY7ptleWyyuB6c0FbP8e+DxwF7ACeMj2Vd0LMSIiWhm1e1VJmg/s0GLX\nBxtXbFvSBvcLkfRM4F3ALOBh4DuSjrb9jVEINyIi2tSTe1VJWgzUbN8raUfgWtvPbipzBPAq228t\n148BZtv+hxb15UZVEREbYWPuVdWru+POA44Dzij/+70WZRYDH5a0JfBn4EDgF60q25gPHhERG6dX\nLY5pwIXALsAy4HDbD0maAZxj++Cy3PspEsta4FfAW22v7nrAERGx3ri4rXpERHTPmLxyfCxcQFgh\nxqmSLpK0SNJCSbO7FWOVOMuykyTdKOnSbsZYHnvYOCXNlHRt+Tf/taRTuhjfHEmLJS2RdOogZb5U\n7r9Z0j7diq0phiHjlHR0Gd8tkn4qaa9+jLOh3H6S1kh6YzfjK4/dzt+8Vv4/82tJ9S6HuC6G4f7m\n20u6XNJNZZzHD1up7TH3Aj4LvL9cPhX4TIsys4DfAJuX698GjuunGMt9c4ETyuXJwDb99l02lH0P\n8A1gXp/+zXcAnlcubw3cDuzRhdgmAUvLf3ObAjc1Hxc4CLisXH4h8PMefIftxPmidf8GgTn9GmdD\nuWuAHwCH9VuMwFTgNmDncn37fvwugQHg0+tiBB4AJg9V75hscTA2LiAcNkZJ2wB/a/urALbX2H64\neyEC7X2XSNqZ4uR3LtCLyQjDxmn7Xts3lct/ABYBM7oQ2/7AUtvLXIzBXQAc2lRmffy2rwemStrg\n+qVRNmyctq9r+Dd4PbBzl2OE9r5PgHcAFwH3dzO4UjsxHgVcbHs5gO1VXY4R2ovzd8CUcnkK8IDt\nNUNVOlYTx1i4gHDYGIFdgfslnS/pV5LOkbRV90IE2osT4EzgfRQTFXqh3TiB9bes2Yfi5DfadgLu\nblhfXm4brky3T8rtxNnoROCyUY2otWHjlLQTxQnwy+Wmbg/WtvNd7gZMK7tPF5SXFHRbO3GeA+wp\naQVwM/DO4Srt1XTcYY2FCwhHGiPF978vcLLtGySdRXHfro90KsZOxCnptcB9tm+UVOtkbE3HGen3\nua6erSl+ib6zbHmMtnZPWs0ttW6f7No+nqSXAycALx69cAbVTpxnAaeV/xZE91vB7cS4KcX/36+k\n6PG4TtLPbS8Z1cierJ04PwDcZLtWnjfnS9rb9qODvaFvE4ftVw22T9JKSTv4iQsI72tR7AXAz2w/\nUL7nEuAAij76folxObDc9g3l+kW0uOFjH8R5AHCIpIOALYApkv7T9rF9FieSNgUuBr5uu9X1QaPh\nHmBmw/pMir/tUGV2pvv3XmsnTsoB8XOAObYf7FJsjdqJ8/nABUXOYHvgNZJW257XnRDbivFuYJXt\nPwF/kvRjYG+gm4mjnTgPAD4JYPtOSb8FngUsGKzSsdpVte4CQhj6AsLZkrYsf5EcCCzsUnzQRoy2\n7wXulrR7uelAisG0bmonzg/Ynml7V4o7FF/T6aTRhmHjLP/O5wELbZ/VxdgWALtJmiVpM+AIingb\nzQOOLeOcTdF1upLuGjZOSbsAlwBvsb20y/GtM2yctp9he9fy3+RFwP/uYtJoK0bg+8BLytmIW1FM\niujmOajdOBdTnHsox92eRTGxaHDdHuXvxAuYBlwF3AFcCUwtt88AfthQ7v0UJ+JbKQYmN+3DGPcG\nbqDoW7yE7s+qaivOhvIvozezqoaNE3gJxRjMTcCN5WtOl+J7DcUsrqXA6eW2k4CTGsqcXe6/meJx\nAV39DtuJk2LywwMN398v+jHOprLnA2/sxxiB9zacg07px++SosV2afnv8lbgqOHqzAWAERFRyVjt\nqoqIiB5J4oiIiEqSOCIiopIkjoiIqCSJIyIiKkniiIiISpI4ImJYko6X9M8V3zMgaXl5W/FbJb2u\n3P4fkg4bnUijG5I4IqIdG3PBl4Ev2N4H+Dvgq+XV/bl4bIxL4oiISsoWwxfLBz3dOUzrQQC2FwNr\nKK5SBnhp8/slbS3pKkm/LB8kdUi5/X9I+mH5oKFbJR1ebn++pHp559nLJbW6QWaMgr69yWFE9LUd\nbL9Y0h4U9z66eKjCkl4IPG77/rLV0er9fwLeYPtRSdsD15X75gD32D64rGtKeTPLfwZeZ/sBSUdQ\n3KjvxNH5uNEoiSMiqjLlTSZtLxrigVQC3i3pLcCjFDfYG+r9mwCflvS3FPccmyHpacAtwOckfQb4\nge2fSPobYE/gqvIOuZMonrsTXZDEEREb468NywKQ9EmKp0Ta9r48McbxhXbeDxxN0ZW1r+3Hy9t7\nb2F7iYpntB8MfELS1cB3gdtsH9DRTxVtyRhHRLRj2Acl2f6g7X3KpNH2+xpMoXhg2OPlg6SeDlA+\nf+XPLh7C9jmKJzveDjy1vEU9kjaV9JwKx4oRSIsjItphnjwbarDlVu8bbvu65W8Al0q6heI5EovK\n7c8F/knSWmA18L9sr5b0JuBLkrahOJedSfefdzEh5bbqERFRSbqqIiKikiSOiIioJIkjIiIqSeKI\niIhKkjgiIqKSJI6IiKgkiSMiIipJ4oiIiEr+PyuB8xp0ZJw8AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb8900e9cd0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fb182aefbd0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -620,7 +617,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 38,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -685,7 +682,7 @@
      "data": {
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TXJY0TLEsdRhjQsWSRpyLxdRhScOY4LKkYRyz1GHCLdLlXouaOHEif/rTnxy1\nHTVqlOceYOEWM+ViA70aMBon7ApiR2LlanL7fSaOksq97tixQ9u3b69Vq1bVlJQUbdmypc6aNcvx\n+o8cOaL16tXTzZs3B6O7YRescrH+/qaItSvCRaS7iKwUkVUicr+P5dkisldEvnNPj0Sin/HCUoeJ\nNiVdLJeUlMTLL7/M9u3b2bt3LyNGjODqq6/23H6+JO+++y5NmzalVq1awehu2EVjudiIDRoiUh54\nHugONAP6iUhTH03/q6qt3NMTYe1kHLKrycumQYMGjBkzhhYtWpCcnMzAgQPZtm0bl112GampqXTr\n1q1QIZ0vv/yS9u3bk56eTsuWLQvdgXXq1Kn87ne/IyUlhUaNGvHvf/8bgNWrV9OpUyfS0tKoXr06\n1157rec5w4YNIzMzk9TUVNq0aVPotheHDh1iwIABZGRk0KxZM0aPHl2ojsTmzZvp27cvNWrUoFGj\nRvzjH//w+z5vuukm7rjjDnJyckhJSSE7O7vQ7cW/+OIL2rZtS1paGllZWSxatMizLDs7m8mTJ3ve\nY8eOHbnvvvvIyMigUaNGnt0oDz/8MAsWLGDw4MEkJyczdOjQU/px+umn07hxY8qVK8eJEycoV64c\n1apV89yIsSQfffQRnTp18syvW7eOcuXK8dJLL3lu8z527FjP8hEjRnDDDTc4Wnegpk6dSocOHRgy\nZAhpaWk0bdqUefPmeZZ7bzeA77//nrS0NGrXrk2/fv3IycmhUqVKpKWlMWjQIBYuXFho/dnZ2Xzw\nwQch6XshgUaTYE1AO2CO1/wDwANF2mQD7ztYl99YZvyL1trk0fz7tHKvkSn32rx5c61YsaJmZGTo\nl19+6eRXpaqqbdu21TfffNMzv3btWhURve666/TgwYP6ww8/aPXq1fU///mPqqqOGDFCr7/+esfr\nD0Qky8X6+5sixnZP1QE2es1vcj/mTYH2IrJMRD4UkWZh610CiNnUIRKcqZSs3Gv4y71+//337N+/\nnxEjRtC3b1/Hu6f8lX99/PHHOeOMMzjvvPO4+eabPeVfnfSlLOKhXGwkBw0nv51vgXqqej7wD+Ad\nfw1HjBjhmXJzc4PUxcQQc8c6VIMzlVKg5V7T09M908KFC9m6daun3OuLL75I7dq16dmzp+fDf/To\n0agqWVlZnHfeeUyZMsWz/jFjxtCsWTPS0tJIT09n7969AZd7LZhGjRpV6MPbWzjKvXq/lhMVK1Zk\nyJAhJCfWop5nAAAXkElEQVQn8+mnnzp6TqjLvxbYsGFDoXof/kS6XGxubm6hz8rSiOSt7fKAel7z\n9XClDQ9V3e/180ciMkFEMlR1V9GVlXYDGBerTV56/r6dFpR7nTRpks/lOTk55OTkcOTIER5++GEG\nDRrE/PnzPeVeARYuXEjXrl3p1KkTeXl5PPPMM8ybN49zzz0XgIyMDM/rF5R7bdKkCeC73KuvUqj+\n3lOg5V5LU3WuNHegPX78OFWqVHHUtrjyr40bN/b8XNryrwUyMzPZv39/ie18lYvt1avXKe1CVS42\nOzub7Oxsz3ygt3CHyCaNJcDZItJARCoC1wCF8q2I1BT3VhORLFwXI54yYJjgibnUEcWs3GvJSir3\n+tVXX/H5559z9OhRDh06xNNPP83hw4e56KKLHK3fX/nXJ554gkOHDvHTTz8xdepUv+VfGzRowCuv\nvOLszTgQD+ViIzZoqOpxYDDwMbAceF1VV4jI7SJyu7vZlcAPIrIUeA641vfaTDDF7LGOCLFyr6Er\n93rkyBEGDx5MtWrVyMzMZP78+cyZM4ekpCRHv5uePXuycuXKU3YBderUibPOOouuXbty33330bVr\n11P6e/ToUXbt2uV4gHIiLsrFBnrkPBonovhsm1gXiTOs7PcZHIla7rWoSZMm6fDhw1X15NlT+fn5\nJT7v888/1+uuuy5o/YhkuVh/f1OU4uypGC/XY0LNjnXEjq1bt7JmzRratWvHqlWrGDduHEOGDCnV\nujTEZxGFU2lvC9KhQwc6dOgQ5N6UrLTlYsPFBg3jSMGxjsmTXcc64qVKYDwpKPe6du1a0tLS6Nev\nn5V79SFS7yuQcrHRzO5yawIW6jvn2l1ujQkuu8utiSg7w8qYxGVJw5RJKFKHJQ1jgsuShokaljqM\nSSyWNEzQBCt1WNIwJrgsaZioZKnDmPhng4YJKrua3IS73Ovy5cuj5jTVmCnZWhaBXg0YjRN2BXFU\nKu3V5Pb7TBwllXv1Nm3aNBWRU9r36dNHX3/9dc/8zp07tXfv3lqlShWtX7++/vvf/w5qnwMVrJKt\nZeHvb4oYq6dh4pylDlMSpxfa7d69m6eeeorzzjuv0HO2bNlCbm4uvXv39jx29913U6lSJbZv386M\nGTO48847Wb58edD77lQ0lmwtk0BHmWicsG+mUS+Q1BHNv8/69evrM888o82bN9ekpCS95ZZbdOvW\nrdq9e3dNSUnRrl27eiqxqaouWrRI27Vrp2lpaXr++edrbm6uZ9mUKVO0UaNGmpycrA0bNtQZM2ao\nquqqVav04osv1tTUVK1WrZpec801nucMHTpU69WrpykpKdq6dWtdsGCBZ9nBgwf1xhtv1PT0dG3a\ntKk+/fTTWrduXc/yvLw87dOnj1avXl0bNmyo48eP9/s+BwwYoLfffrt269ZNk5OTtVOnTrp+/XrP\n8oULF2qbNm00NTVV27Ztq1988YVnmXd6mDJlinbo0EHvvfdeTU9P14YNG3rukfTQQw9p+fLltVKl\nSpqUlKRDhgzx25/bb7/dcy8t76Qxbdo07datm2f+wIEDWrFiRV21apXnsRtvvFEfeOABv+sOxJQp\nU7R9+/Y6ePBgTU1N1SZNmuinn37q872rqi5btkxbtGjhc11vv/22Nm/evNBjgwYN8lR+DCZ/f1OU\nImlE/AM/GFM0f8iYwtavV83JUW3dWvWHH3y3iebfp5V7DX+516+++krbtm2rJ06cOKX9vffeq4MH\nD/bMf/vtt1q5cuVCzx87dqz+4Q9/KPY1nIpkydayCOagYbunTFgF4wwryc0NylRaVu41fOVe8/Pz\nufvuuwvVBvG2d+/eQrdJP3DgwCmV85KTkx0VSHIqHkq2loXdbs6EXVnvnKtelcciIdByr++//75n\n+fHjx+nSpYun3OuYMWMYOHAgHTp0YOzYsTRu3JjRo0fz6KOPkpWVRXp6Ovfccw8333wz4Cr3+vLL\nL7N582ZEhH379gVc7rVAfn4+F198sc/3GI5yrzVq1PC8lj8TJkygRYsWZGVleR7zHmTS09MLDQhJ\nSUmn1AjZu3evzzrhRW3YsMFTEbFg2/oS6ZKtkWZJw0RMvFzX4e+bckG51927d3um/fv385e//AVw\nlXudO3cuW7dupUmTJp5beBeUe83Ly2PixIncdddd/PrrryxYsIBnnnmGmTNnsmfPHnbv3k1qaqrn\n9QvKvRbwVe7Vuy/79u3z+w1ZNfByr6UpmVrSgfB58+Yxa9YsatWqRa1atfjiiy+45557GDp0KHBq\nOddzzjmH48ePs3r1as9jy5Yt4zwH30gKSrbu37/f74ABvku21q5d+5R2oSrZGmk2aJiI8nWGVbyw\ncq8lK6nc69SpU1m5ciXLli1j6dKltGnThhEjRvDkk08Crl1+3377LUePHgVciahPnz489thjHDx4\nkM8//5z333+fG264wbPOcuXKMX/+/ID7WiAeSraWhQ0aJip4p45YY+VeQ1fuNTU1lRo1alCjRg1q\n1qxJxYoVSUlJ8exuqlmzJl26dOGdd97xPGfChAkcOnSIGjVqcP311/Piiy/StGlTwJW+ipZKDVRc\nlGwti0CPnEfjRBSfbWMCZ7/P4EiUcq/Lly/Xtm3bOmo7ffp0v2czORHJkq1l4e9vCiv3akziStRy\nr02bNuXrr7921LZ///4h7o1LtJdsLQsbNIyJE1buNfTipWRrWdit0U3UsVujGxNcdmt0Y4wxEWGD\nhjHGGMds0DDGGOOYHQg3UckOwhoTnWzQMFEn0IPgwapNHu92rFvBL9ddyplrtvHbxH/QvPdtke6S\niUG2e8rEvHi5h1UoLXr2HvJbnMfROjWptWqLDRim1OyUWxNXLHUUZunCFMdOuTUJz1LHSZYuTChY\n0jBxK1FTh6UL45QlDWO8JGLqsHRhQs2ShkkI8Z46LF2Y0rCkYYwf8Zw6LF2YcLKkYRJOvKQOSxem\nrCxpGONAPKQOSxcmUixpmIQWa6nD0oUJJksaxgQollKHpQsTDSxpGOMWranD0oUJFUsaxpRBNKYO\nSxcm2ljSMMaHSKcOSxcmHCxpGBMkkUwdli5MNLOkYUwJwpU6LF2YcLOkYUwIhCN1WLowscKShjEB\nCHbqsHRhIsmShjEhFszUYenCxCJLGsaUUmlTh6ULEy1iLmmISHcRWSkiq0Tkfj9txruXLxORVuHu\nozH+lCZ1WLowsS5iSUNEygM/A12BPGAx0E9VV3i16QEMVtUeInIh8H+qepGPdVnSMBFVUuqwdGGi\nUawljSxgtaquU9VjwGtAryJtrgCmAajqV0CaiNQMbzeNKVlxqcPShYknkRw06gAbveY3uR8rqU3d\nEPfLmFIRgVtvhW++gfnzoWu7Ffy3bSY1//482195geyZizkjJSPS3TSmTCpE8LWd7k8qGp18Pm/E\niBGen7Ozs8nOzi5Vp4wpq8xMeLz7PTR67DlerXkBC+5YygM9bbAwkZebm0tubm6Z1hHJYxoXASNU\ntbt7/kHghKo+7dXmRSBXVV9zz68EOqnqtiLrsmMaJioUPXaResFtUXnnXGMg9o5pLAHOFpEGIlIR\nuAZ4r0ib94AbwTPI7Ck6YBg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       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f16dcd88a50>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f21c4078a50>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -731,7 +728,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -740,7 +737,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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mf//+QMFLhBZGx44dOeeccyKy5GaojqNmzZpMnz6d2bNnc+WVVwJuLeyyZcuy\nadOmnO+wdevWPFrJkCFDmDBhAq+++ir9+vXjsMMOK7KNsVxys7gIZc3nBcB/gLlAa1W9VlXnqOoj\nwC/RNjDZiUXPJRvHkPj4HvSB7Nixg7Jly5Kens7ff//NiBEjcs7t27eP1157ja1bt1KqVClSU1Nz\nehIVtERoIF988QUvvPBCzpKfy5cv5/3334/IOISaNWuyatWqkHo21a5dm+nTp/Pxxx9zww03ULt2\nbU466SRuuOEGtm/fTnZ2NitXrsyzGNDAgQN55513eO2114q8FrPPpv79+zNu3DiWL1/Ozp07Y77o\nUTQIxT33U9Weqvq6qu4BEJFGAKp6TlStKyFY68EoKsGWrRw8eDANGzakbt26HH300TnrK/uYMGEC\njRo1okqVKjz33HO89tprQMFLhAaSlpbG5MmTadWqFampqZxyyin07duXm2+++SB78rM38Lj/uX79\n+gFQrVo1OnbsWGg91K9fnxkzZvDWW29x++2388orr7B3715atmxJeno6/fr1Y/369XnSt2/fnpSU\nFLp16xaSjYF29unTh2uvvZYePXrQrFkzunTpAkDZsmULtTdRKHRKDBFZqKrtA44tUNUOhWYu0gcY\nDZQCXlDVhwLOVwcmALWA0sAjqjo+n3w0lDeIZMDWeyg+bEqMksnFF19M3bp1I7bozbJly2jVqhV7\n9+4tlvWY86PY1mMQkRZAS5yucBNucJsClYH/U9WjCjG0FPAD0BtYg1s7+gJVXeaXZhRQVlVv85zE\nD0BNVd0fkFeJcQw+bM6l6GOOoeSxatUq2rVrx6JFi2jYsGHY+bz77ruceuqp7Ny5kyFDhlC6dGne\neeedCFpaNIpzrqTmwBlAFe/v6d7f9sAlIeR9LLBCVVep6j5cV9ezAtKswzkavL+bAp1CSSWa2oNp\nDEZJ5M4776RVq1bcfPPNh+QUAJ577jlq1qxJ06ZNKVOmDGPGjImQlfFBKKGkLqr6VZEzFjkPOFlV\nL/H2BwKdVPUavzQpuJ5NzYBUoL+qfpRPXiWuxeBPpFsPWVlZ1mUVazEYyUOkWwxBxzGIyC2eJnCh\niASu2q2qem0heYfyixsBLFLVTBFpAnwqIm1UdXtgwqFDh5KRkQE48att27Y5DzffG3Cy7mf/ks2T\nLZ7k4/0f02pMK66qfhXHNTgu7Px8x+Ll+8Vq3zCSjaysLMaPHw+Q87wMh4I0hjNU9X0RGUruQ97n\neVRVXy4mcJhIAAAgAElEQVQwY5HOwChV7ePt3wZk+wvQIjIFuF9Vv/D2pwO3qOr8gLxKdIvBH9Me\nIoe1GIxkodg0BlV93/s7XlVf9hzBq8C7hTkFj/nAESKSISKHAecDkwPSLMeJ04hITZyukUQzUUWe\nSGgP9sZsGEaBFDZnBvA6ThiuCCzF9TC6OZT5NoBTcD2NVgC3eccuAy7zPlcH3gcWA98BFwbJJ995\nQEo64c65ZHMlOXAtYdtsS4ot2D2uYcyVFIr4vFhV24jIRbgeSbcCC1W1VYEXRhALJQXHxj0YhhGM\naC7tWVpEygBnA++r63pqT+k4wUZNG4YRaUJxDGOBVUAlYJaIZABbo2eSEQ5F0R5MY4gcVpeRxeoz\nPijUMajqE6paV1VPUdVsYDXQI/qmGUXFWg+GYUSCUDSGcsC5QAa54x5UVYttmU/TGIqOaQ+GYUR8\nriS/jKcCW3BLfB7wHVfVR4NeFGHMMYSPjXswjJJLNB3D96p6dNiWRQBzDIdGYOshdV2qTYkRIWx6\nkchi9RlZIj4lhh9fikhrVf02DLuMOMCnPZzb8lyGvzecRlsb0bpTa2s9GIaRL6G0GJYBTXGrte3x\nDquqto6ybf42WIshQpj2YBglh2iGkjLyO66qq4paWLiYY4g8pj0YRvITtQFungOoD/TwPv9N7mR6\nRgKSlZUVk7WmkxHrdx9ZrD7jg0Idg7fK2s3Abd6hw3DLcRoJjo17MAwjP0KaKwloByxQ1XbesW9N\nY0guTHswjOQjmnMl7fFGPPsKqljUQoz4x1oPhmH4CMUxvCkiY4E0EbkUmA68EF2zjGhSUBzXtIei\nYTHxyGL1GR+EIj7/G3jb25oBd6rqE9E2zIgd1nowjJJNKBpDGs4hAPyoqluibtXBNpjGECNMezCM\nxCXi4xhEpCxuyu2zcYPbBDeR3ru4Fdj2hm1tETHHEHts3INhJB7REJ/vAMoA9VW1naq2xY1nKA3c\nGZ6ZRjwQThzXtIf8sZh4ZLH6jA8Kcgx9gUtVdbvvgPf5Cu+cUcIw7cEwSgYFhZKCjlUQke9szeeS\njWkPhhH/RENj+BbIzO8U8JkNcDPAtAfDiGeioTFUxi3OE7jNB1LDMdKIDyIZxy3p2oPFxCOL1Wd8\nEHQ9BlXNKEY7jAQmcL2HSUsnWevBMBKYQscxxAMWSkocTHswjPghausxxAPmGBIP0x4MI/ZEcxI9\nI8kojjhuSdEeLCYeWaw+44OgjkFE0gvaitNIIzGxcQ+GkZgU1F11FRA0fqOqjaJkU362WCgpwTHt\nwTCKH9MYjITAtAfDKD6iqjGISFUROVZEuvu2optoxAuxjOMmm/ZgMfHIYvUZH4Sy5vMlwCzgE+Bu\nYCowKrpmGcmMaQ+GEd+Esh7D98AxwFeq2lZEjgQeVNVzisNAzwYLJSUppj0YRvSImsYgIvNVtaOI\nLAI6q+puEVmqqi3DNbaomGNIfkx7MIzIE02N4XcRqQr8D/hURCYDq4pakBE/xGMcN1G1h3isy0TG\n6jM+CDpXkg9VPdv7OEpEsnCT630cTaOMkonNuWQY8UGBoSQRKQ18r6pHhpW5SB9gNFAKeEFVH8on\nTSbwH9xqcX+qamY+aSyUVMIw7cEwDp1oagzvAdeq6uoiGlQK+AHoDawB5gEXqOoyvzRpwBfAyar6\nu4hUV9U/88nLHEMJxbQHwwifaGoM6cASEZkhIu972+QQrjsWWKGqq1R1HzAROCsgzYXA26r6O0B+\nTsGIPIkUx4137SGR6jIRsPqMDwrVGIA7cKu2+RPK63td4De//d+BTgFpjgDKiMhnuMV/HlfVV0PI\n2yhBmPZgGMVLKC2G01Q1y38DTg3hulCcRxmgvZffycCdInJECNcZh0BmZmasTQiLeGw9JGpdxitW\nn/FBKC2GE/M5dipwSyHXrQHq++3Xx7Ua/PkNJzjvAnaJyCygDfBTYGZDhw4lIyMDgLS0NNq2bZtz\nE/man7af/PsVD6vIOeXPoXGdxlw/9XomLZ1Evwr9qFy2clzYZ/u2H8v9rKwsxo8fD5DzvAyHgmZX\nvQK4EmgCrPQ7lQp8oaoXFZix69H0A9ALWAvM5WDx+UjgKVxroSzwNXC+qi4NyMvE5wiSlZWVc1Ml\nMvHQcylZ6jJesPqMLOGKzwW1GF4HPgL+hWsd+DLfrqqbCstYVfeLyNW4uZVKAS+q6jIRucw7P1ZV\nl4vIx8C3QDbwfKBTMIxgmPZgGNEhlO6qXYAlqrrN268MtFDVr4vBPp8N1mIwCiQeWg+GEW9EcxzD\nIqC9qmZ7+6WA+araLixLw8AcgxEqNu7BMHKJ6noMPqfgfT6ACw0ZCYpPrEpGirvnUjLXZSyw+owP\nQnEMv4jItSJSRkQOE5F/Aj9H2zDDCBdb78EwDo1QQkk1gSeAHt6h6cA/VXVDlG3zt8FCSUZYmPZg\nlGRszWfDKADTHoySSNQ0BhFpLiLTRWSJt99aRO4Ix0gjPiiJcdxoaQ8lsS6jidVnfBCKxvA8MALY\n6+1/B1wQNYsMI0qY9mAYoVGUpT2/8XVRFZFFqtq2WCzEQklG5DHtwSgJRLO76kYRaepX0HnAuqIW\nZBjxhLUeDCM4oTiGq4GxwJEisha4HrgiqlYZUcXiuLkcqvZgdRlZrD7jg0Idg6quVNVeQHWguap2\nVdVVUbfMMIoJaz0YRl5C0RiqAyOBbrg1FmYD94QykV6kMI3BKC5MezCSiWjOlTQNmAlMwM2weiGQ\nqaq9wzE0HMwxGMWNjXswkoFois+1VPVeVf1FVX9W1fuAmkU30YgXLI5bOKFqD1aXkcXqMz4IxTF8\nIiIXiEiKt50PfBJtwwwj1pj2YJRUQgkl7QAq4BbSAedM/vY+q6pWjp55OTZYKMmIKaY9GImIzZVk\nGMWAaQ9GIhFxjUFEMkQkzW+/p4g8ISI3iMhh4RpqxB6L44ZPoPbwwCsPxNqkpMLuzfigII1hEi6E\nhIi0Bd4EVgNtgWeib5phxCf+2sPT85427cFIOoKGkkTkW1Vt7X1+BMhW1ZtFJAVYrKqtis1ICyUZ\ncYppD0Y8E43uqv6Z9QJmQN5lPg2jpGM9l4xkpCDH8JmIvCkiTwBpeI5BROoAe4rDOCM6WBw3cvjq\nsrjXmk5W7N6MDwpyDNcB7wC/AN1U1bceQ03g9mgbZhiJhrUejGTBuqsaRhQw7cGIB2wcg2HEITbu\nwYgl0ZwryUgyLI4bOQqrS9Meiobdm/FBgY5BREqLyGvFZYxhJCOmPRiJRihzJX0O9FLVmPVEslCS\nkSyY9mAUJ9Fcj+FV4EhgMrDTO6yq+liRrQwTcwxGsmHag1EcRFNjWAl86KWt5G2pRS3IiB8sjhs5\nwq1L0x7yx+7N+KB0YQlUdRSAiFRU1b8LSW4YRoj4tIdzW57L8PeGM2npJGs9GHFBKKGk44AXgFRV\nrS8ibYDLVPXK4jDQs8FCSUZSY9qDEQ2iqTHMBc4D3lPVdt6xJap6VFiWhoE5BqOkYNqDEUmiOo5B\nVX8NOLS/qAUZ8YPFcSNHpOuypGsPdm/GB6E4hl9FpCuAiBwmIjcBy6JrlmGUXGzcgxFrQgkl1QAe\nB3rjpuL+BLhWVTdF37wcGyyUZJRITHswDoVoagzlVHV3mEb1AUYDpYAXVPWhIOmOAb4C+qvqO/mc\nN8dglGhMezDCIZoawxIR+VJE/iUip4lIlRANKgU8BfQBWgIXiEiLIOkeAj4m7+JARpSwOG7kKK66\nLCnag92b8UGhjkFVmwAXAN8BpwPfisiiEPI+FlihqqtUdR8wETgrn3TXAG8BG0O22jBKIKY9GMVF\noY5BROoBXYHjgXbAEuCNEPKuC/zmt/+7d8w/77o4ZzHGOxQ0XtStG9x9N3z5Jey3PlGHRGZmZqxN\nSBpiUZfJ3HqwezM+CKlXEvBPXKini6qeqqoPhnBdKKLAaOBWT0AQCggl3XUX7NgBV14J1avD2WfD\n00/Djz+CyQ9GScNaD0Y0KXRKDFwr4XhcOOkWEfkJmKWqLxRy3Rqgvt9+fVyrwZ8OwEQRAagOnCIi\n+1R1cmBmr78+lIyMDM4+G1JS0ti7ty3z52fy4IOwb18WHTrA4MGZ9OoFS5ZkAblvH764pe27/dGj\nR9O2bdu4sSeR9/1j4rEov3vD7jzZ4kleWPgCrX5pxbOnPUvqutSY2XOo+7Guz0Tfz8rKYvz48QBk\nZGQQLiGt4CYiqbhwUndgIICqNijkmtLAD0AvYC0wF7hAVfMdAyEi44D3i9orSRV++AE+/dRtM2dC\nkyZw4olu69YNypUr9CuWKLKysnJuKuPQiKe6TIaeS/FUn8lANLurzgfKAV8Cs4DZqro6RKNOIbe7\n6ouq+qCIXAagqmMD0oblGALZtw++/jrXUXz3HXTpAr17O0fRpg2k2Lp1RpJi4x4Mf6LpGA5X1Q1h\nWxYBDmUcw9atkJWV6yg2b4ZevXJbFPXrF5qFYSQcydB6MA6daI5j2Csi/xGRBd72aKhjGeKBKlXg\nrLPgqadcyGn+fNd6+OQTaN8emjeHq6+G996DbdtibW3x4B/HNQ6NeK3LRO25FK/1WdIIxTG8BGwD\n+gH9ge3AuGgaFU0aNICLL4aJE+GPP9zfBg2c46hbF7p2hVGj4IsvXFjKMBIV67lkhEsooaTFqtqm\nsGPRpLimxNi1Cz7/3IWcpk2Dn3+G7t1zw07Nm4PY2GwjATHtoWQSTY1hDvB/qjrb2+8G/FtVu4Rl\naRjEaq6kjRth+vRcfUI110n06gWHH17sJhnGIWHaQ8kimhrD5cDTIrJaRFbj5j+6vKgFJSI1asCA\nAfDii7B6tWtFtG/vwk/NmkHbtvB//+f0il27Ym1t6FgcN3IkWl3Gu/aQaPWZrBQ4wE1E2gFNgAG4\nwWmiqluLw7B4Q8SFknxi9f79MHeua0nccw8sXgydOuW2KNq2tW6xRnxia00bhRE0lCQid+EGsy0A\nOgMPqupzxWibvy1xP+32tm15u8X++WfebrENG8baQsM4GNMekpuIawwishToqKo7RaQaMFVVOx6i\nnWGRCI4hkN9+c6Enn5CdlpbrJHr0cN1oDSNeMO0hOYmGxrBHVXcCeKu1WWCkCNSvD8OGweuvw/r1\nMGkSZGTAmDFQr54bjX3XXTB7dvF3i7U4buRIlrqMF+0hWeoz0SlIY2gsIu8H2VdVPTOKdiUVKSlO\nc/CJ1bt3u3ESn34K110HK1bkdovt3RtatLBusUbxY9qD4aOgUFJmAdepqs6MikX525JwoaSi8Oef\nebvFHjiQO7dT795Qs2asLTRKGqY9JAdRG8cQDyS7Y/BH1bUgfE4iK8uNzPbpE8cfDxUqxNpKo6Rg\n2kNiE81xDEYxIgJHHOEWJHr3XTfI7tlnoXJluP9+13ro2RMefNDN+3TgQNHLsDhu5Ej2uixu7SHZ\n6zNRMMcQ55QunStUz5oFa9fCDTc4QXvwYOco+veH55+HVatiba2RjNicSyUPCyUlOL//7rrD+rZK\nlXLDTj17um6yhhEpTHtILKIxjsG/zehbkzlnvzh7JZljCA1VtzCRT5/44gs46qhcR9G5Mxx2WKyt\nNJIB0x4Sg2hoDI9628/ALuA54Hlgh3fMiDNEoHVruPFG+Phjp0888ICbvuPGG6F6dTjtNLj66iyW\nLHGOxDg0SmpMPFraQ0mtz3gjlNlVF6hqh8KORRNrMUSGTZtgxgx4+eUslizJZO/e3G6xvXpB7dqx\ntjDxsDWKI9t6sPqMLNGcdnsZcLqqrvT2GwMfqmqLsCwNA3MMkUcVVq7MnbLjs8/cQkW+sFP37lCx\nYqytNBIF0x7ik2g6hj64MNIv3qEM4FJVnVrUwsLFHEP02b8fFizI1ScWLoSOHXMH2XXoAKVKxdpK\nI94x7SG+iOoANxEpBzT3dper6p6iFnQomGOILKE013fsgJkzc1sU69a5yf98LYrGjYvH1njHQh8H\ncyitB6vPyBK1AW4iUhH4P+BqVV0MNBCR08Ow0UggKlVyQvXo0fD9966305lnuqVPu3aFJk3g8svh\n7bfhL+vSbvhh4x4Sn1BCSZNwazIMVtWjPEfxZTKu+WyEhqpzFr5pxT//HI48Mrc10aULlC0bayuN\neMC0h9gSTY1hgap2EJFvVLWdd2yxOQbDx5498NVXufrE8uXQrVuuPnH00TZbbEnHtIfYEM25kvaI\nSHm/gpoAxaoxGJEl0n3Fy5aFzEw3l9PcuW5qjuHD4Ycf4OyzoU4dGDQIXnnFTemRTFi/+9AIddyD\n1Wd8EIpjGAV8DNQTkdeBGcAt0TTKSGzS0+G889zkfytXuhHY3brB5Mmu9XD00XD99fDhh07kNkoG\npj0kDqH2SqqOW/cZYI6q/hlVqw4u30JJScKBA65brE+fmD8f2rfP1Sc6drRusSUB0x6Kh2hqDDOA\nR1X1Q79jz6nqpUU3MzzMMSQvf//tZo316RNr1uR2i+3d2/V+Mn0ieTHtIbpEU2NoBNwiIiP9jh1T\n1IKM+CGe4rgVK8Ipp8Bjj7kusUuWwDnnODG7e3c3XuLSS+HNN92UHvFGPNVlIhKoPTzwygOxNskg\nNMewBegJ1BSR90XEJnI2okbt2jBwILz8sms9fPABtGwJ48dDo0ZwzDFw221uzqc91gUiKfDXHp6e\n97RpD3FAKKEk/26qQ4EbgaqqWi/65uXYYKEkg717XUvCp08sXQrHHZerT7RqZWGnRMe0h8gSTY3h\nclV91m+/A3CVqg4vupnhYY7ByI/Nm93kfz59YscOp0v4ZoytWzfWFhrhYtpDZIi4xiAilb2Pb4pI\num/DTab3f2HaacQByRIXr1oV+vaFMWNgxQrXmjjhBJgyxa1L0bIl/POfLhy1fXt0bEiWuowXfPVZ\n3GtNG3kpSGP4r/d3QT7bvCjbZRhFplEjuOQSmDQJNmxwA+pq1XLCdu3acPzxcM89zoHs3x9ra43C\nsHEPscPWfDZKBDt3wuzZuWGnX391o7V9+kTTpqZPxDOmPYRHNNZ8bl/Qhaq6sKiFhYs5BiPS/PFH\nroj96adQpkze1eyqV4+1hUZ+mPZQNKLhGLKAoE9jVe0RomF9gNFAKeAFVX0o4PxFwM2AANuBK1T1\n24A05hgiiM15nxdVN/Gfz0nMmuVaEL7WRNeuUK5c/tdaXUaWUOrTWg+hE65jKB3shKpmHpJFgIiU\nAp4CegNrgHkiMllVl/kl+xnorqpb/VaL63xwboYRHUSgRQu3XXut6xb79dfOSdxxh5ti/LjjclsU\nrVtDSigjgIyo4NMezm15LsPfG86kpZOs9RBhQp0rqRXQAsh5b1LVV0K4rgswUlX7ePu3etf+K0j6\nqsB3gWMkrMVgxJItWyArK7dFsXWrCzf5WhT1im1EjxGItR4KJprjGEYBJwBHAR8CpwCfq+p5IRh1\nHnCyql7i7Q8EOqnqNUHS3wQ0C5yHyRyDEU+sXp3rJKZPd3qEz0lkZkLlyoVmYUQY0x7yJ+KhJD/O\nA9oAC1V1mIjUBF4LMf+Qn+Yi0gMYDnTN7/zQoUPJyMgAIC0tjbZt2+bEIn19n20/tP3Ro0db/R3C\n/i+/ZNG0KfzjH5nMmJHFihVultgnnsjkoosgIyOLDh3g0kszOfZY+Pzz+LI/nvf9x4UU9frFly9m\nxPQRNLuxGTd0voERg0fE/PsU935WVhbjx48HyHlehkMoLYZ5qnqMiCzAzZm0DViuqs0LzVykMzDK\nL5R0G5CdjwDdGngH6KOqK/LJx1oMESTLBNOIEViXO3e6pU59LYpVq9ygO1+Lolkz6xZbEJG4N631\nkEs0Q0nPALcD5+PmSfob+EZVh4VgVGngB6AXsBaYC1zgLz6LSAPc4j8DVXVOkHzMMRgJyYYNLtzk\ncxQiuU6iVy+oUSPWFiYnpj04ouYYAgppBKQGdict5JpTyO2u+qKqPigilwGo6lgReQE4B/jVu2Sf\nqh4bkIc5BiPhUXXLnfqcxMyZbr0JX2+nbt2gfPnC8zFCp6S3HqLqGESkDZCBe7gLoKr6TlELCxdz\nDJHFQkmR41Dqct8+t0a2z1F8+y107pzbomjTpuR1i43GvVmSWw9RE59FZBzQClgCZPudKjbHYBjJ\nSJkybvBc164wapTrBuvrFjtgAPz1V95usQ0axNrixMTGPRSdUDSGpcBRsXxltxaDURL59dfcaTum\nTYP09LzdYqtUibWFiUdJaz1EU3x+GXhYVZeEa9yhYo7BKOlkZ8Pixblhpzlz3Ahsnz7RqZNrgRih\nUVK0h2iu+TwO+EpEfhSR77wtZPHZiD/8+4obh0Zx1WVKCrRrBzff7BzDhg1w992we7ebxqN6dTjz\nTHjySTfvU6K+RxVXfdp6DwUTygC3F4GBwPfk1RgMw4gR5cvnrlb30EOwcWNut9h//9s5Bl9rondv\nOPzwWFscf5j2EJxQQklfqWqXYrInmA0WSjKMEFGFn37KDTtlZUFGRq4+cfzx1i02kGTVHqKpMYwB\nqgDvA3u9w9Zd1TAShP37c7vFTpsGixbBscfmOop27Upet9hgJJv2EE2NoRywBzgJON3bksOdllBM\nY4gciVCXpUu7acNHjnSr2K1ZA9ddB2vXwsCBLsx0/vnwwgtugsBYEuv6NO3BUaDG4K2n8Jeq3lhM\n9hiGEWUqV4YzznAbwG+/5XaLHTEC0tJy9YkePdx+ScK0h9BCSXOALjaOwTCSn+xs+O67XH3iyy/h\n6KNzw06dOsFhh8XayuIj0bWHaGoMzwJ1gDeBnd5h0xgMowSwezd88UWuo1ixwonXPkfRokXJmC02\nUbWHaGsMf+Gm3DaNIQmIdRw3mUj2uixXzk3L8a9/wYIFsHIlDB7sljs99VSoXx+GDoXXXoM//jj0\n8uK1Pkua9lDoOAZVHVoMdhiGkQBUrw79+7tN1bUgPv0U3n4brr7aOQpfa6J7d6hQIdYWR46SpD2E\nEkqqDzwBdPMOzQL+qaq/R9k2fxsslGQYcc7+/W4lO1/Y6Ztv4JhjcgfZtW8PpUrF2srIkCjaQzQ1\nhmm4pTwneIcuAi5S1ROLbGWYmGMwjMRj+3a35oRv/MT69dCzZ26LolGjWFt46MS79hBNjaGGqo5T\n1X3eNh6wAfYJTLzGcRMRq8vgpKbC6afD44/DkiVuvYnTT4dZs6BLF2jaFK64At55BzZvdtckWn0m\nq/YQimPYJCKDRKSUiJQWkYHAn9E2zDCM5KJuXRgyBCZMgHXrnENo2hSee86tNdGpE7z4omtl7N1b\neH7xgk97+O+5/+X6qdcz6N1B/LXrr1ibdUiEEkrKAJ4EOnuHvgSuUdVfg10TaSyUZBjJzZ49bsyE\nT5/44Ye83WJbtkyMbrHxpj0Uy5rPscIcg2GULDZtghkzckdk796dd7bY2rVjbWHBxIv2EHHHICIj\ng1yjAKp6T1ELCxdzDJHF1nyOHFaXkSVYfa5cmdua+OwzF5byOYkTToCKFYvf1sKIh9ZDNMTnv4Ed\nAZsCFwO3hGOkYRhGODRpApdf7sZLbNzoJvxLT4eHH4ZatdxSp/ff72aRPXAg1tY6Ell7CCmUJCKV\ngWtxTmES8Kiqboiybf7lW4vBMIx82bHD9XTytSjWrs3tFtu7t3MqsSZWrYeoaAwiUg24Hjd24RVg\ntKpuDtvKMDHHYBhGqKxd67QJnz5RvnyuiN2zp2tpxIri1h4iHkoSkUeAucB2oLWqjoyFUzAiT6L1\nFY9nrC4jSyTqs04dN5/TK684JzF5Mhx5JLz0klvJ7thj4fbb3cp2e/YccnFFIlHGPRSkMdwA1AXu\nANaKyHa/bVvxmGcYhhE+Im7a8OuvhylTnD7x8MPu+C23QI0acMop8Nhjbrrx4ghMJIL2YN1VDcMo\nsWze7LrF+vSJnTvzdoutUye65Udbe7BxDIZhGIfIzz/nzu00Y4br8eTTJ044ASpVik650dIeojlX\nkpFkWFw8clhdRpZY12fjxnDZZfDmm7BhA4wf79bEfuQRN6juhBPg3nthzhw3m2ykiDftwRyDYRhG\nPpQq5aYNHzHCDapbvx5uvRW2bIFLL3X6RN++MGaMW5fiUIMa8aQ9WCjJMAwjDNavz+0S++mnULZs\nrjbRqxdUqxZ+3pHSHkxjMAzDiBGqsHRprj4xaxY0a5arT3Tt6hxHUTlU7cE0BiNkYh3HTSasLiNL\notanCBx1FFx3HXzwAfz5p+sCW7q0C0XVqAF9+sCjj8LixaGHnWKlPZhjMAzDiDCHHebWvPYJ1atX\nO1F75Uo47zzX2+mii5y4vWZNwXnFQnuwUJJhGEYxs2pVrjYxfTrUrJk7fiIz061+lx9F1R5MYzAM\nw0hADhyAb77JFbLnzoW2bXP1iWOOcSEpf0LVHuJSYxCRPiKyXER+EpF8p+oWkSe884tFpF007TEc\niRrHjUesLiNLSazPUqWgY0fXFXb6dPjjD7jjDti2zU01XqMGnHMOPP00/Pij0yeirT1EzTGISCng\nKaAP0BK4QERaBKQ5FWiqqkcAlwJjomWPkcuiRYtibULSYHUZWaw+oUIFOPlkN6hu8WJYvhz69YP5\n893ssBkZ8I9/wAfvVuTOY6KjPUSzxXAssEJVV6nqPmAicFZAmjOBlwFU9WsgTURqRtEmA9iyZUus\nTUgarC4ji9XnwdSsCRdeCOPGwW+/wccfQ+vWMGGCW2vi+r7dOXPtYnZsTOfoZyLTeihdeJKwqQv8\n5rf/O9AphDT1gD+iaJdhGEZCIgItWrjt2mth3z74+mv49NOK/DH+cbZsPpfzNw6nRaVJPHbS42GX\nE80WQ6hqcaAwYipzlFm1alWsTUgarC4ji9Vn0ShTBrp1g7vvhi+/hHVzuvPSMYvZtz2dXm+3Cjvf\nqPVKEpHOwChV7ePt3wZkq+pDfmmeBbJUdaK3vxw4QVX/CMjLnIVhGEYYhNMrKZqhpPnAESKSAawF\nzgcuCEgzGbgamOg5ki2BTgHC+2KGYRhGeETNMajqfhG5GpgKlAJeVNVlInKZd36sqk4RkVNFZAXw\nN9+z5B8AAAdnSURBVDAsWvYYhmEYoZEQA9wMwzCM4iOu5kqyAXGRo7C6FJFMEdkqIt942x2xsDMR\nEJGXROQPEfmugDR2X4ZIYfVp92boiEh9EflMRJaIyPcicm2QdEW7P1U1LjZcuGkFkAGUARYBLQLS\nnApM8T53AubE2u543EKsy0xgcqxtTYQNOB5oB3wX5Lzdl5GtT7s3Q6/LWkBb73Ml4IdIPDfjqcVg\nA+IiRyh1CQd3FTbyQVVnA5sLSGL3ZREIoT7B7s2QUNX1qrrI+7wDWAbUCUhW5PsznhxDfoPd6oaQ\npl6U7UpEQqlLBY7zmpZTRKRlsVmXfNh9GVns3gwDrwdoO+DrgFNFvj+j2V21qNiAuMgRSp0sBOqr\n6k4ROQX4H9AsumYlNXZfRg67N4uIiFQC3gL+6bUcDkoSsF/g/RlPLYY1QH2//fo4z1ZQmnreMSMv\nhdalqm5X1Z3e54+AMiJStHUDDR92X0YQuzeLhoiUAd4GJqjq//JJUuT7M54cQ86AOBE5DDcgbnJA\nmsnAYMgZWZ3vgDij8LoUkZoiIt7nY3Fdl6O7LFTyYvdlBLF7M3S8enoRWKqqo4MkK/L9GTehJLUB\ncREjlLoEzgOuEJH9wE5gQMwMjnNE5L/ACUB1EfkNGInr7WX3ZRgUVp/YvVkUugIDgW9F5Bvv2Aig\nAYR/f9oAN8MwDCMP8RRKMgzDMOIAcwyGYRhGHswxGIZhGHkwx2AYhmHkwRyDYRiGkQdzDIZhGEYe\nzDEYRUZEskXkEb/9m0RkZDHbkCUi7b3PH4pI5UPML1NE3g9y3H8K6E8OpRzDSATMMRjhsBc4R0Sq\neftFGgwjIqUiYENOmap6mqpui0CewZipqu287ST/EyISN4NEixMRqRprG4zoYY7BCId9wHPA9YEn\nvGk4ZngzY04Tkfre8fEi8qyIzAEeFpFxIjJGRL4SkZXem/nLIrJURMb55feMiMzzFiEZlZ8xIrJK\nRKqJyOV+b/a/iMgM7/xJIvKliCwQkUkiUtE73kdElonIAuCcAr5vngnIRGSoiEwWkenApyJSwVt8\n5msRWSgiZ3rpyovIRO87vSMic/xaOTv88jvP951FpIaIvCUic73tOO/4KK+Mz7z6usbv+sFefS/y\n6rCSiPzsc1oiUtnbj4RD9jFPRCaISA/f9BVGEhHrhSZsS7wN2A6kAr8AlYEbgZHeufeBQd7nYcC7\n3ufxuDlbfKPtxwGve5/PBLYBR+EewvOBNt65qt7fUsBnQCtv/zOgvff5FyDdz77SwCzgNKA6MBMo\n7527BbgTKAf8CjTxjr9BPovD4BaN2QJ8420jgCG4aYzTvDQPABd5n9Nwi6VUAG4AXvCOt8I5VJ/N\n2/3KOBcY531+HejqfW6AmwMHYBTwOW7qiGrAn16dHOWVl+4r3/v7EnCW9/lS4N8RvgdSvPp9G1gK\n3AbUjvW9aVtkNmsxGGGhqtuBV4DApQQ74x5uABOAbr5LgDfVe6p4+GL63wPrVXWJd34JbvU5gPO9\nN/qFuIdgixDMewKYrqofeva0BL705pIZjHvgNgd+UdWVfrYGe/OdrbmhpAe8Y5+q6hbv80nArV7+\nnwFlvTKO9/JFVb8Dvg3B9t7AU15e7wGpXgtHgQ9VdZ+qbgI24Fbv6glMUm+SOT+bXiB3TpyhOEcc\nMVQ1W1U/VNVzge5AE+BXEekYyXKM2FAi46NGxBiNe2AHPnSCPWB3Buzv9f5mA3v8jmcDpUSkEa41\n0lFVt3rhlnIFGSQiQ3Fz+V/pd/hTVb0wIF2bEG0Oxt8B+31V9aeAMgrK199Blg+wo5Oq7vVP7OXl\nf+wA7ver+ZWhql96Yb1MoJSqLg3IrxSwwLt+Mq41NNLbvwS4CrfoyxrgcuAD79wYVX3Oy6MKboK7\nIbj/3zAg6LrYRuJgLQYjbFR1MzAJuJjcB92X5M6GeREupBMOggtX/Q1sE7cU4SkFXiDSAedIBvkd\nngN0FZEmXpqKInIEsBzIEJHGXroLimibP1PxazlJ7mLrs4ALvWNHA639rvlDRI4UkRScvuGrv08C\n8gp0YP4oMAPoJ956BZJ33YJXgNdwYaW8F6oeUNW2XitopKr+z/vcXlUXqOpwb/90Vf3dL63PKUzA\nOZaGuNBhD1WdoKp7AssyEg9zDEY4+L/tPoqL4/u4BhgmIotxjuGfQa4L3D/onKp+i3uTXY57wH1e\ngD3C/7d3xygVA0EAhv/pbbyEXsA7PBDs7O20s7F52InY2VkIHsCHB7B+WDw7RUQ9giB4h7HYFXYl\nnRAx/F85IdlJiszuDiRllrsOLGsD+iozPylbKYua0z2wWV9g+8Bt3ar6GMjh+9pDebexU8rPZJ4j\n4gU4qfFLYC0i3mrsoTlnTpmFr4D3Jn4IbNVm8itw8GPcPpGyEjgD7iLiCThvDl/X57EYuK/fugE2\nMvO42Y7TRPjZbWkkEbEEjjLzcaTxdoGdzNwbYzxNhz0GaYIi4gKYAdt/nYv+H1cMkqSOPQZJUsfC\nIEnqWBgkSR0LgySpY2GQJHUsDJKkzhcmetvb0a16tgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fcadd25bb90>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f7cdd420b10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -788,7 +785,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -797,7 +794,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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e2wwBcqrq0yJS2N2+iKpeiJeW9uun5M4NkZFQqhSULg1lykDRopDM2OMB9/e/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\ncIbB4XA4HAE4w+BwOByOAP4fUhmKkZYfxo4AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7faefe72dc10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f901821bbd0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -853,7 +850,7 @@
      "data": {
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cTIkSJdiyZcth+5s1a0ZSUhJr1mSXZPBwnnnmGU4++WTKly9PgwYN+M9//hNtcbOk4BqF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\n+OU+2isiZwV10oZArmYjWnT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00+liS/0Wnlj/BM9tfo72k+18ceYXWTpjKQsm\nLSAjbYQ1h/VDQ8sh9r69grZfryDrrfeYuGEn9ZkRVlecZM2kVA6eN5XNu8aw9JZrqSp0mf/0gukU\nZgxyD26yiEbdEOl9+9xAgb6O+/e7fpjsbMjK4mRGFifSsvnRoQZuzJtF87FUWo5HaD0eoeVYCkQi\njMuMkJ1+kqxxLaSPaSJNTaRaCyknW4m0Hyft2AnSW9vIOhHlWBq0ZKRyInMs7TmZdBbmQUkpaeUV\nZFRMIWdSFdkTpqHSUigpccOtRpgRGYhRGMq69cXAdjOrBZD0DPAFYHNcnGuBJwDM7F1JeZJKzaxu\nCOU6pzly5MjwJDxliltuc8UK+O533XKbd94JN9zgSrFnQ3u7W/P55ZedIdi1y631fNttrtkqJ6fX\n206ni1lFs3jgyge4/4r72XRoEy9seYHq16vZcGAD88bPY+GUhVxccTEXjb+IksySs/sNZ8HJ6En2\nNO2h5nBNtztSw47GHWxv3E7Uoi6zv7iK6Yv/kBm505hTH+HarQe58f2P0PPvUr19I9U7MmHOIZjT\nAud3umG3cUZ02IlGob6+74w+5j9wwGX048dDeXn3cdYsV0CIhcvKTtmXNAXIBKLV1VRVV5+StJkb\nNrt7t3ObdrvXLBbeuxfqGlzXTmkplJdGqSjeT3HB/5Kbvo3MlBoyOmrJaN3D2No1pK9/hawjzRS0\ndFJ+PJWS5ijjOozW3Azai/KJlhSTWj6eMWUTGDdhMmnlE9yDYy7R4c/DwFAahQpgd1x4D9Bz1lFv\ncSYAwSiMVK66ChYtcs0aDz8Md9/thlkuXgzz57uMaGw/I0U6OlxtIzam/6233AD36dNd88iyZe45\ng7hLvSRml8xmdslsvvfZ79Hc1sybu95kVe0qHnz7QdbuW0vuuFzOKzmPGQUzmFE4g8r8yq429rxx\neQNqRjAzjncep66ljv0t+9nfvP+U497mvdQcrmH30d0UZxZTmV/pXF4lS6uWUplfyfSC6RRlFPWe\n/qI4/z33uNXsPvzQzcd47DHXIF9Q4OZhTJ3a7SZPdiXboiJXuj2bzKmz0/X1HDzoXF3dqf66uu4M\nv67OGfj4jH78eJfZX355d7isbNCHDUtu6GthoZuZ3RetrTGxI9TVVVBXV8GBAwvZXwd1jW529+HD\nzjU2QodayZmwh4xZe8gu2Enx2K0URmrI7dxF7vH15G18nfx3WylvFeWtqZQdE8UtJ8k60Ulr5jha\n83NoL8qns7gQKykiUl5KSmkZYwqKGVtQQnphKemFZSgvzxn4oRxO7RlKo5Boe0/Ptz20E/VDbW3t\ncIvgvrArrnDuyBFXe3j1VXjkEdfYW1rqMpvMTDdqqaPDNQc0NrrjxInOeMye7fooFiwYUG1joLrI\nHpvNkqolLKlaAriJcTWHa9h8aDNbG7ay7sA6nt/8PPua97GveR8nOk+QMzaHrDFZZI/NJmtMFplp\nmV33xlxntJOW9haa2pq6XEQRSrNKKc8qpzy73B2zypk/cT4V2RVU5lcyOW/yWY+YqT1woPs/iRGN\numa/nTudq611tbGPP3Yl9vp69//l5TnjkZ7uDHrMjRnjis6dnd2zujs6oLnZGYKjR91OftnZzsiU\nlLj/PnacM8cdx4/vzuz7KzAMEmfzjWRmOhta+f+X2uqVtrZMDh+eSWPjzC5DEZv03trqBsltbzbW\ntLbQeKKew+31NHU0cKLzAOPaPia3Yw8FnXspbmykqG4rJWvXUtxxjJyTbeR2tJPb3klum5HTJnLb\nXNbYNCZCW2qEtpQI7ZEI7SkptKWk0J4SoSMlQlTCFMEG2JQ1lH0KlwLVZrbYh78DROM7myU9DKwy\ns2d8eAvwuZ7NR5KCoQgEAoEBMJL6FNYAVZKmAPuA64Ebe8RZDtwOPOONyJHe+hPO9EcFAoFAYGAM\nmVEws05JtwMrcH1A/25mmyV901//NzN7SdLVkrYDrcCtQyVPIBAIBE7POTF5LRAIBALJYUTtpyBp\nsaQtkrZJuruPOD/21zdIujDZMiaL0+lC0k1eBx9IekvSnOGQc6hJ5J3w8X5PUqekLydTvmSS4Pdx\nmaR1kj6StCrJIiaNBL6PIkkvS1rvdXHLMIiZFCQ9JqlO0of9xEk83zSzEeFwTUzbgSlAGrAe+FSP\nOFcDL3n/JcA7wy33MOri94Fc7188GnWRiB7i4r0G/Ddw3XDLPYzvRB6wEZjgw0XDLfcw6qIaeCCm\nB6ABSB1u2YdIH58BLgQ+7OP6GeWbI6mm0DXZzcw6gNhkt3hOmewG5EkajVt5nFYXZva2mR31wXdx\n8ztGG4m8EwB3AM8Bh5IpXJJJRBdfBZ43sz0AZlafZBmTRSK62A/EZj3mAA1mNiq3zDOz3wKH+4ly\nRvnmSDIKvU1k67mLSl+T3UYbieginj8GXhpSiYaH0+pBUgUuQ3jInxqtnWSJvBNVQIGklZLWSLo5\nadIll0R08SgwW9I+YAPwF0mSbSRyRvnmSFpCMkx26ybh3yRpIXAbsGDoxBk2EtHDMuAeMzO5ab+j\ndfhyIrpIA+YCVwAZwNuS3jGzbUMqWfJJRBf3AuvN7DJJ04BXJV1gZs1DLNtIJeF8cyQZhb1A/PrA\nE3EWrb84E/y50UYiusB3Lj8KLDaz/qqP5yqJ6OEi3DwXcG3HSyR1mNny5IiYNBLRxW6g3syOA8cl\nvQFcAIw2o5CILuYDPwAwsx2SdgIzcfOnPmmcUb45kpqPuia7SRqDm+zW88NeDnwNumZM9zrZbRRw\nWl1ImgT8AvgjM9s+DDImg9PqwcwqzWyqmU3F9Sv86Sg0CJDY9/FL4NOSUiRl4DoVNyVZzmSQiC62\n4FZoxrefzwRqkirlyOGM8s0RU1OwMNmti0R0AfwdkA885EvJHWZ28XDJPBQkqIdPBAl+H1skvQx8\nAESBR81s1BmFBN+L+4HHJW3AFX7/xswah03oIUTS08DngCJJu4H7cE2JA8o3w+S1QCAQCHQxkpqP\nAoFAIDDMBKMQCAQCgS6CUQgEAoFAF8EoBAKBQKCLYBQCgUAg0EUwCoFAIBDoIhiFwBkjKSrpwbjw\nX0u6L8kyrJI01/tflJRzuntO87zLJP2qj/NH/XLU6yS9cjbpBAIjnWAUAgOhHfiSpEIfPqPJLpJS\nBkGGrjTN7PNm1jQIz+yL183sQu8WxV+QNGImgCYTSfnDLUNgaAhGITAQOoBHgL/secEvPfCa38zj\n15Im+vM/lfSwpHeAf5D0uKSHJL0taYcvkT8haZOkx+Oe96+S3vMbpVT3JoykWkmFkr4VV6LfKek1\nf32RpNWS1kp6VlKmP79Y0mZJa4Ev9fN7T1lMTNItkpZL+g1uobUMv9HJu5Lel3Stj5cu6Rn/m34h\n6Z242k1L3PO+EvvNkoolPSfpf7yb789X+zRWen3dEXf/17y+13sdZkmqiRksSTk+PBjGOMZ7kp6U\ntFB+Sn1glDDcG0QEd+45oBnIBnbi1qr/NnCfv/Yr4GbvvxV4wft/iluDJTaL/nHgKe+/FmgCZuMy\n4DXABf5avj+mACuB8314JTDX+3cCBXHypQJvAJ/HLZL3OpDur90N/C0wDtgFTPPnfw4s7+W3XgYc\nAdZ5dy/wddzic3k+zv3ATd6fB2zFrVL6V8BP/PnzccY0JnNzXBrXAY97/1PAAu+fBGzy/mrgTdzy\nBYVAvdfJbJ9eQSx9f3wM+IL3fwP4x0F+ByJev8/j1lf6DlA+3O9mcGfvQk0hMCDMLUH8M+DOHpcu\nxWVsAE8Cn47dAvyn+RzFE2vD/wg4YGYb/fWNuF21AK73Jfn3cRngpxIQ78fAb8zsRS/P7wCrJa3D\nLQw2CbdA2k4z2xEna18l3t9ad/PR/f7cq2Z2xPsXAff4568Exvo0PuOfi5l9iFuT6HRcCfyLf9Yv\ngWxfszHgRTPrMLMG4CBQBlwOPGt+XZ84mX5C9xo3t+CM8KBhZlEze9HMrgM+C0wDdkmaN5jpBJLP\nJ7I9NDBoLMNl1j0znL4y12M9wu3+GAXa4s5HgRRJU3G1kHlmdtQ3sYzrTyC5vXgnmtmfxZ1+1cy+\n2iPeBQnK3BetPcJfth77FvhWlb6eG28c03vIcYmZtcdH9s+KP3cS9/1ab2mY2WrflHcZkGI9Fsbz\nTUlr/f3LcbWg+3z4T4A/x23xuBf4Fm6rUwMeMrNH/DNygRtwNac2nBHqc5/gwLlBqCkEBoy5PRye\nxe38FsvkVuMyCoCbcM04A0G4JqpWoElu+eMl/d4gXYQzIvE7jr0DLJDbaAVJmZKqcEsrT5FU6ePd\neIayxbOCuBqTujdGfwO3RSaSzgPmxN1TJ2mWpAiuPyOmv1d6PKun8YrHcHtT/4GkAh+/IO76z4D/\nwDUlnXqj2Ukz+11f+7nPzP7L++ea2Vozu82Hl5rZnri4MYPwJM6oTMY1Fy40syfNrK1nWoFzi2AU\nAgMhvpT7I1y7fYw7gFvlliy+iVO3Qew5Ssn6u2ZmH+BKsFtwmdub/cgjXOk2H1jpO5sfMbdP8S3A\n016m1cBMn3l9A3jRN0/V9SJD7Nm9yR1/7vtAmqQPJH0E/L0//xCQJWmTP7c27p57cKXvt4B9cefv\nBOb5juONwDd7pHuqIK4G8APgdUnrgQfjLj/l9fF0L7/rbPk5MMPM7o1rgguMAsLS2YFAkpC0Evi2\nmb2fpPS+AlxjZl9PRnqB0UHoUwgERiGS/hm4Crh6uGUJnFuEmkIgEAgEugh9CoFAIBDoIhiFQCAQ\nCHQRjEIgEAgEughGIRAIBAJdBKMQCAQCgS6CUQgEAoFAF/8HMjkGhUDeVWoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f18572c4a10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f439ca4da10>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -897,7 +894,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -906,7 +903,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f8cd9bd9710>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f64696066d0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -916,7 +913,7 @@
      "data": {
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28DfgqLLO3lGOL5K+sub7aX2Qu8jdd63bluqHuw32WYqmr/n4Itkp4/z9tNbe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\nSUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f8cd98532d0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f646923d210>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter8_ffLFErg.ipynb b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index ad52b4d6..1b04d843 100644..100755
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter8_ffLFErg.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
diff --git a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter9_4roMWPw.ipynb b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index ca08a40e..1cf25521 100644..100755
--- a/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin/Chapter9_4roMWPw.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Digital_Communications_by_S._Haykin_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 26,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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WuGg/Zs48M86ocHISHvEIWLkS9uzxLU14xDoX1EqsY3N+Pv4xaU4rQVKY6IZ4mzGa+o9V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\nMgzDMKLBnJZhGIYRDea0DMMwjGj4//k3w9FAKALMAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f421c158a90>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fa533551b90>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 28,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 31,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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dPC+/7P495pji9FdpC7rZJp+rBk480RXXmTWrfGPGeQHdG/00PP+8u4r37Bm2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\nIGxN+SCpsaQZkh7OswsD+pv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8XzBypIvPL6X7cdw4uO02mDy5dGPkSrmzbE4HOknqKGkn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\nezweTxXhjb7H4/FUEd7oezweTxXx/6Lmfeht8L+LAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f228c011a90>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f5c71d2a690>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@
      "data": {
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XeP+vwLbLSpUfYavMkkFEBgJlqvpFzpXlcuCAXfzvAF9hh2i/SFLu78AcYBpw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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f2287962410>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f5c71d2aad0>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chap2_(3).ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chap2.ipynb
index 494652e8..494652e8 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chap2_(3).ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chap2.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chap2_1.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chap2_1.ipynb
index 645ce13f..645ce13f 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chap2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chap2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter1_(3).ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 408d2fa2..408d2fa2 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter1_(3).ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index fe652a17..fe652a17 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 251e4767..251e4767 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
index 251e4767..251e4767 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
index e1c0050e..e1c0050e 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter3_3.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter3_3.ipynb
index e1c0050e..e1c0050e 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter3_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter3_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 91c1e06d..91c1e06d 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index 91c1e06d..91c1e06d 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
index 074d0a2b..074d0a2b 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter4_3.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter4_3.ipynb
index 074d0a2b..074d0a2b 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter4_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter4_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/screenshots/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 14960493..14960493 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/screenshots/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 14960493..14960493 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
index dd13690b..dd13690b 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter5_3.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter5_3.ipynb
index dd13690b..dd13690b 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter5_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter5_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter6_(1).ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 16677df3..16677df3 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter6_(1).ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index 485e6b32..485e6b32 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_and_its_Applications_by_Kenneth_H.Rosen_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch1.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
index cb383909..cb383909 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch11.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
index 11d57881..11d57881 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch12.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
index bce2c2d0..bce2c2d0 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch15.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch15.ipynb
index 351837d0..351837d0 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch15.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch16.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch16.ipynb
index aff1a2fb..aff1a2fb 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch16.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch3.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
index 8f33a532..8f33a532 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch5.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
index 5863ba1d..5863ba1d 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch6.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
index c124af5a..c124af5a 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch7.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
index fb5de5b1..fb5de5b1 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch8.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
index 4a56af51..4a56af51 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch9.ipynb b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
index cab21c1d..cab21c1d 100755
--- a/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil/Ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Discrete_Mathematics_by_S._Lipschutz,_M._Lipson_And_V._H._Patil_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index b3b1bd27..b3b1bd27 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index c6f2d5ac..c6f2d5ac 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 1bf81061..1bf81061 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
index 1bf81061..1bf81061 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter10_3.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter10_3.ipynb
index 1bf81061..1bf81061 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter10_4.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter10_4.ipynb
index 1bf81061..1bf81061 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter10_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter10_4.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 51ab5318..51ab5318 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter1_2.ipynb
index 51ab5318..51ab5318 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter1_3.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter1_3.ipynb
index 7a93f17f..7a93f17f 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter1_4.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter1_4.ipynb
index 7a93f17f..7a93f17f 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter1_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter1_4.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter2_(1).ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 8b0abd3c..8b0abd3c 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter2_(1).ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 1cfc005c..1cfc005c 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
index 8b0abd3c..8b0abd3c 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter2_3.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter2_3.ipynb
index 8b0abd3c..8b0abd3c 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter2_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter2_3.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 6a5b90a9..6a5b90a9 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 64f5bc0b..64f5bc0b 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
index 64f5bc0b..64f5bc0b 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter3_3.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter3_3.ipynb
index 740a15e5..740a15e5 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter3_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter3_3.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter3_4.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter3_4.ipynb
index 740a15e5..740a15e5 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter3_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter3_4.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index b824cd54..b824cd54 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index a26aa20d..a26aa20d 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
index a26aa20d..a26aa20d 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter4_3.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter4_3.ipynb
index b5443c89..b5443c89 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter4_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter4_3.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter4_4.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter4_4.ipynb
index b5443c89..b5443c89 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter4_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter4_4.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index a7c9ca96..a7c9ca96 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 4625b5fe..4625b5fe 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
index 4625b5fe..4625b5fe 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter5_3.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter5_3.ipynb
index 87d00465..87d00465 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter5_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter5_3.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter5_4.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter5_4.ipynb
index 87d00465..87d00465 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter5_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter5_4.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index c434a941..c434a941 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index e7b833fc..e7b833fc 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
index e7b833fc..e7b833fc 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter6_3.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter6_3.ipynb
index 50f98373..50f98373 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter6_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter6_3.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter6_4.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter6_4.ipynb
index 50f98373..50f98373 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter6_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter6_4.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter7_(1).ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 9f8fe79f..9f8fe79f 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter7_(1).ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index e716836b..e716836b 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
index 0348a194..0348a194 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter7_3.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter7_3.ipynb
index 0348a194..0348a194 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 20076dfa..20076dfa 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index d31fdb5a..d31fdb5a 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter8_2.ipynb
index d31fdb5a..d31fdb5a 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter8_3.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter8_3.ipynb
index f08902b6..f08902b6 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter8_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter8_3.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter8_4.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter8_4.ipynb
index f08902b6..f08902b6 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter8_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter8_4.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index d5460e65..d5460e65 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 62ec71d4..62ec71d4 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
index 62ec71d4..62ec71d4 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter9_3.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
index 62ec71d4..62ec71d4 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter9_4.ipynb b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter9_4.ipynb
index 62ec71d4..62ec71d4 100755
--- a/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla/Chapter9_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING_MATERIALS_by_R.K.Shukla_version_backup/Chapter9_4.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/1.INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/1.INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT.ipynb
index 7c7516bf..7c7516bf 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/1.INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/1.INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/1.INTERFERENCE_AND_DIFFRACTION_OF_LIGHT.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/1.INTERFERENCE_AND_DIFFRACTION_OF_LIGHT.ipynb
index 7c7516bf..7c7516bf 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/1.INTERFERENCE_AND_DIFFRACTION_OF_LIGHT.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/1.INTERFERENCE_AND_DIFFRACTION_OF_LIGHT.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/1.INTERFERENCE_AND_DIFFRACTION_OF_LIGHT_1.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/1.INTERFERENCE_AND_DIFFRACTION_OF_LIGHT_1.ipynb
index 7c7516bf..7c7516bf 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/1.INTERFERENCE_AND_DIFFRACTION_OF_LIGHT_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/1.INTERFERENCE_AND_DIFFRACTION_OF_LIGHT_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/2.POLARIZATION AND ULTRASONICS.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/2.POLARIZATION AND ULTRASONICS.ipynb
index d548c39e..d548c39e 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/2.POLARIZATION AND ULTRASONICS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/2.POLARIZATION AND ULTRASONICS.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/2.POLARIZATION_AND_ULTRASONICS.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/2.POLARIZATION_AND_ULTRASONICS.ipynb
index d548c39e..d548c39e 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/2.POLARIZATION_AND_ULTRASONICS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/2.POLARIZATION_AND_ULTRASONICS.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/2.POLARIZATION_AND_ULTRASONICS_1.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/2.POLARIZATION_AND_ULTRASONICS_1.ipynb
index d548c39e..d548c39e 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/2.POLARIZATION_AND_ULTRASONICS_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/2.POLARIZATION_AND_ULTRASONICS_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/3.ACOUSTICS AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/3.ACOUSTICS AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY.ipynb
index a665a220..a665a220 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/3.ACOUSTICS AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/3.ACOUSTICS AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/3.ACOUSTICS_AND_SUPERCONDUCTIVITY.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/3.ACOUSTICS_AND_SUPERCONDUCTIVITY.ipynb
index a665a220..a665a220 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/3.ACOUSTICS_AND_SUPERCONDUCTIVITY.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/3.ACOUSTICS_AND_SUPERCONDUCTIVITY.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/3.ACOUSTICS_AND_SUPERCONDUCTIVITY_1.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/3.ACOUSTICS_AND_SUPERCONDUCTIVITY_1.ipynb
index a665a220..a665a220 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/3.ACOUSTICS_AND_SUPERCONDUCTIVITY_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/3.ACOUSTICS_AND_SUPERCONDUCTIVITY_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/4.LASERS.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/4.LASERS.ipynb
index 823230a1..823230a1 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/4.LASERS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/4.LASERS.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/4.LASERS_1.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/4.LASERS_1.ipynb
index 823230a1..823230a1 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/4.LASERS_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/4.LASERS_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/4.LASERS_2.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/4.LASERS_2.ipynb
index 823230a1..823230a1 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/4.LASERS_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/4.LASERS_2.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/5.FIBER OPTICS.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/5.FIBER OPTICS.ipynb
index 49cd3086..49cd3086 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/5.FIBER OPTICS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/5.FIBER OPTICS.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/5.FIBER_OPTICS.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/5.FIBER_OPTICS.ipynb
index 49cd3086..49cd3086 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/5.FIBER_OPTICS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/5.FIBER_OPTICS.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/5.FIBER_OPTICS_1.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/5.FIBER_OPTICS_1.ipynb
index 49cd3086..49cd3086 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/5.FIBER_OPTICS_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/5.FIBER_OPTICS_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/6.MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURES..ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/6.MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURES..ipynb
index 392de89d..392de89d 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/6.MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURES..ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/6.MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURES..ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/6.MAGNETIC_PROPERTIES_AND_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES..ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/6.MAGNETIC_PROPERTIES_AND_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES..ipynb
index 392de89d..392de89d 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/6.MAGNETIC_PROPERTIES_AND_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES..ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/6.MAGNETIC_PROPERTIES_AND_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES..ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/6.MAGNETIC_PROPERTIES_AND_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES._1.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/6.MAGNETIC_PROPERTIES_AND_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES._1.ipynb
index 392de89d..392de89d 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/6.MAGNETIC_PROPERTIES_AND_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES._1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/6.MAGNETIC_PROPERTIES_AND_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES._1.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/7.CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/7.CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION.ipynb
index 884fa904..884fa904 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/7.CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/7.CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/7.CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_AND_X-RAY_DIFFRACTION.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/7.CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_AND_X-RAY_DIFFRACTION.ipynb
index 884fa904..884fa904 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/7.CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_AND_X-RAY_DIFFRACTION.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/7.CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_AND_X-RAY_DIFFRACTION.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/7.CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_AND_X-RAY_DIFFRACTION_1.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/7.CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_AND_X-RAY_DIFFRACTION_1.ipynb
index 884fa904..884fa904 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/7.CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_AND_X-RAY_DIFFRACTION_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/7.CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_AND_X-RAY_DIFFRACTION_1.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/8.DEFECTS IN SOLIDS.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/8.DEFECTS IN SOLIDS.ipynb
index 09325a4b..09325a4b 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/8.DEFECTS IN SOLIDS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/8.DEFECTS IN SOLIDS.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/8.DEFECTS_IN_SOLIDS.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/8.DEFECTS_IN_SOLIDS.ipynb
index 09325a4b..09325a4b 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/8.DEFECTS_IN_SOLIDS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/8.DEFECTS_IN_SOLIDS.ipynb
diff --git a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/8.DEFECTS_IN_SOLIDS_1.ipynb b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/8.DEFECTS_IN_SOLIDS_1.ipynb
index 09325a4b..09325a4b 100755
--- a/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM/8.DEFECTS_IN_SOLIDS_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/ENGINEERING_PHYSICS_by_M.ARUMUGAM_version_backup/8.DEFECTS_IN_SOLIDS_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
index 68dcda86..68dcda86 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index abc4f8cf..abc4f8cf 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 1fc63a70..1fc63a70 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch12.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index fbe22bb8..fbe22bb8 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index cbafa256..cbafa256 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index e9592db7..e9592db7 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index ed878662..ed878662 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index c510fa44..c510fa44 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 7de940ff..7de940ff 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 37ba8a19..37ba8a19 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 55e8755b..55e8755b 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index a2e2372f..a2e2372f 100755
--- a/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machinery_And_Transformers_by_B._S._Guru_And_H._R._Hiziroglu_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter02.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
index ada20973..ada20973 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter02_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter02_1.ipynb
index 41de38cc..41de38cc 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter02_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter02_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter03.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
index bbb91627..bbb91627 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter03_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter03_1.ipynb
index 4ebdb951..4ebdb951 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter03_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter03_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter05.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
index 3103dd33..3103dd33 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter05_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter05_1.ipynb
index 3103dd33..3103dd33 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter05_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter05_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter07.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
index 92d03798..92d03798 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter07_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter07_1.ipynb
index 92d03798..92d03798 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter07_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter07_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter08.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
index c3a9fc4b..c3a9fc4b 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter08_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter08_1.ipynb
index 928eaeef..928eaeef 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter08_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter08_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter09.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
index c3b55239..c3b55239 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter09_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter09_1.ipynb
index c3b55239..c3b55239 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter09_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter09_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 5b64b11d..5b64b11d 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 5b64b11d..5b64b11d 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 14017fb3..14017fb3 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index 14017fb3..14017fb3 100755
--- a/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Machines_by_Nagrath_&_Kothari_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index 88974ba4..88974ba4 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 3fce23ef..3fce23ef 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index f2865431..f2865431 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index fb811a30..fb811a30 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 01f911b9..01f911b9 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index f693d116..f693d116 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 811db39e..811db39e 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 29035765..29035765 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index af025a65..af025a65 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index ecdc82d7..ecdc82d7 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Distribution_System_Engineering_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index cb082314..cb082314 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch10_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch10_1.ipynb
index cb082314..cb082314 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch12.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index 1cb96575..1cb96575 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch12_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch12_1.ipynb
index 1cb96575..1cb96575 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch13.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
index 66e003cf..66e003cf 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch13_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch13_1.ipynb
index 66e003cf..66e003cf 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index a473f6ff..a473f6ff 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch2_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
index a473f6ff..a473f6ff 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index dcee3cfd..dcee3cfd 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch3_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
index dcee3cfd..dcee3cfd 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 07337cc2..07337cc2 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch4_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
index 54a481c9..54a481c9 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index 4e55b2bd..4e55b2bd 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch5_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
index 4e55b2bd..4e55b2bd 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 1a50199d..1a50199d 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch6_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
index d899f0eb..d899f0eb 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 78e631ed..78e631ed 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch7_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
index 78e631ed..78e631ed 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 6714ed49..6714ed49 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch8_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
index 6714ed49..6714ed49 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index ad79101f..ad79101f 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch9_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch9_1.ipynb
index ad79101f..ad79101f 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/ch9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/ch9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/chC.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/chC.ipynb
index a956890c..a956890c 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/chC.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/chC.ipynb
diff --git a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/chC_1.ipynb b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/chC_1.ipynb
index 9f3affa8..9f3affa8 100755
--- a/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen/chC_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electric_Power_Transmission_System_Engineering_Analysis_And_Design_by_T._Gonen_version_backup/chC_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11_0YOsUSl.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 3d00cee8..2b1e5d27 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11_0YOsUSl.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
@@ -232,14 +232,23 @@
     "print'Rse = %.3f KOhm\\n'%(Rse*10**-3)\n",
     "print'Therefore, Resistor ~ %d KOhm\\n'%round(Rse*10**-3)"
    ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -251,7 +260,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12_MbtXOSy.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 0b76bb5c..86488f4d 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12_MbtXOSy.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialization\n",
     "i1=8                                 #current in Amp\n",
     "i2=1                                #current in Amp\n",
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@
    },
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialization\n",
     "e=12                   #EMF source in volt\n",
     "v1=3                   #node voltage\n",
@@ -93,6 +95,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "import numpy as np\n",
     "\n",
     "#We have used method II for solving our problem by using simultaneous equations\n",
@@ -129,6 +132,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialization\n",
     "r1=100                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
     "r2=200                 #Resistance in Ohm\n",
@@ -176,6 +180,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialization\n",
     "r1=10                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
     "r2=5                  #Resistance in Ohm\n",
@@ -220,6 +225,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "import numpy as np\n",
     "r=25                    #resistance in ohm\n",
     "\n",
@@ -262,6 +268,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "import numpy as np\n",
     "re=10                 #resistance in ohm\n",
     "\n",
@@ -290,6 +297,7 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13_DuT5TXy.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 3a22e611..1fa2be09 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13_DuT5TXy.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
@@ -254,14 +254,23 @@
     "#Results\n",
     "print'E = %.1f mJ'%(E*10**3)"
    ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -273,7 +282,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14_Gi0X0ZR.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index e0d13aee..09afa64e 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14_Gi0X0ZR.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialization\n",
     "i=5                          #current in ampere\n",
     "l=0.628                      #circumference\n",
@@ -112,6 +113,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialization\n",
     "l=10*10**-3                   #inductance in henry\n",
     "di=3\n",
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15_YmFtkbT.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index c2fedc94..427f3ec3 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15_YmFtkbT.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
@@ -349,9 +349,9 @@
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16_Z1IANWB.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 7a471548..2c7bf154 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16_Z1IANWB.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
@@ -192,6 +192,7 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18_C36GpSn.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
index b24f0f02..1f880cd1 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18_C36GpSn.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "c=100*10**-6               #capacitance in farad\n",
     "r=100*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
@@ -110,6 +111,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "c=20*10**-6               #capacitance in farad\n",
     "r=10*10**3                #resistance in ohm\n",
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19_QpHK5JI.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index b87fa7b1..3e221bbb 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19_QpHK5JI.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Introduction\n",
     "i=0.2                 #current in amp\n",
     "C=0.01                #Capacitance in farad\n",
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Introduction\n",
     "i=0.2                 #current in amp\n",
     "C=0.01                #Capacitance in farad\n",
@@ -90,6 +92,7 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2_W8u7liz.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index a103be90..6a7bb2a7 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2_W8u7liz.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "v1=15.8                 #voltage across r1\n",
     "v2=12.3                 #voltage across r2\n",
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "i1=10;                  #current in amp\n",
     "i3=3;                  #current in amp\n",
@@ -101,6 +103,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "E=12                  #EMF in volt\n",
     "v2=7                  #volt\n",
@@ -136,6 +139,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "i=3                        #current in amp\n",
     "r=50                       #resistance in ohm\n",
@@ -171,6 +175,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "r1=10                       #resistance in ohm\n",
     "r2=20                       #resistance in ohm\n",
@@ -208,6 +213,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "r1=10                       #resistance in ohm\n",
     "r2=20                       #resistance in ohm\n",
@@ -245,6 +251,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "r1=200                       #resistance in ohm\n",
     "r2=300                       #resistance in ohm\n",
@@ -280,6 +287,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "r1=1*10**3                       #resistance in ohm\n",
     "r2=500                       #resistance in ohm\n",
@@ -316,6 +324,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "f=50                       #frequency in herts\n",
     "\n",
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20_SPZbkqz.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
index 960e2bde..960e2bde 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20_SPZbkqz.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter21_g3i9pmI.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
index 88157a22..88157a22 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter21_g3i9pmI.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22_R5zqRoP.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
index b477d5ec..b477d5ec 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22_R5zqRoP.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23_6pRykcG.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
index e17dafb8..0e995fd4 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23_6pRykcG.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#initialization\n",
     "n=100                   #no of turns\n",
     "b=400*10**-3            #magnetic field\n",
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#initialization\n",
     "f=60                    #frequency in Hz\n",
     "a=60                    #seconds\n",
@@ -102,6 +104,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#initialization\n",
     "f=50                    #frequency in Hz\n",
     "p=4                     #four times magnetic field for 8 pole motor\n",
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5_0stc93N.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index c69b7e3b..03d91695 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5_0stc93N.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
@@ -236,9 +236,9 @@
  "metadata": {
   "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6_IHeGb5U.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 4bcd3580..cedf5209 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6_IHeGb5U.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "Ri=1000                    #Input Resistance of amplifier in Ohm\n",
     "Rs=100                    #Output Resistance of sensor in Ohm\n",
@@ -69,6 +70,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "Vo=15.2               #Output Voltage of Amplifier\n",
     "Vi=1.82               #Input Voltage of Amplifier\n",
@@ -103,6 +105,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "Av=10                     #Voltage gain\n",
     "Vi=2                      #Input Voltage of Amplifier\n",
@@ -140,6 +143,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "Vo=15.2                               #Output Voltage\n",
     "Rl=50                                 #Load Resistance\n",
@@ -174,6 +178,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "Vi=1.82                     #Input Voltage of Amplifier\n",
     "Ri=1000                    #Input Resistance of amplifier in Ohm\n",
diff --git a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8_1dOnAi7.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index b05aaf78..6b4d69e1 100644
--- a/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8_1dOnAi7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
@@ -171,13 +171,22 @@
     "print'Output Resistance = %d uOhm\\n'%(or2*10**6)       #wrong answer in the textbook\n",
     "print'Input Resistance = %d GOhm'%(ir2*10**-9)"
    ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -189,7 +198,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.10"
+   "version": "2.7.12"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9_vhHgT2e.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 489ec875..0d5a873d 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9_vhHgT2e.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_&_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialization\n",
     "ni1=11010               #binary number\n",
     "\n",
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialization\n",
     "ni1=26                #Decimal number\n",
     "\n",
@@ -116,6 +118,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initializaton\n",
     "\n",
     "no=34.6875            #decimal number\n",
@@ -173,6 +176,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#initialization\n",
     "n='A013'                 #Hex number \n",
     "\n",
@@ -207,7 +211,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Variable declaration\n",
     "n=7046                 #Hex number \n",
     "\n",
@@ -241,6 +245,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initializaton\n",
     "\n",
     "n='f851'                   #Hex Number\n",
@@ -290,6 +295,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialiation\n",
     "ni1=111011011000100               #binary number\n",
     "\n",
@@ -336,6 +342,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
+    "import math\n",
     "#initialisation\n",
     "x='9450'                           #decimal number to be convert\n",
     "\n",
@@ -371,7 +378,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "#Initialisation\n",
     "BCD=\"0011 1000 0111 0110\"             #Given BCD string\n",
     "BCD_split=BCD.split(\" \");        #Splitting th binary string into individual BCD \n",
@@ -395,6 +402,7 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index a61ed1a0..a61ed1a0 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 286d8936..286d8936 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 08c4dfb8..08c4dfb8 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index cd2e8f76..cd2e8f76 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index eaab2d21..eaab2d21 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index c615c064..c615c064 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index ff42018d..ff42018d 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
index 1934ac43..1934ac43 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
index 047d0cba..047d0cba 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 55d531da..55d531da 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index f0ef7e41..f0ef7e41 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 09273b9b..09273b9b 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index b21cd36c..b21cd36c 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 0d2c482a..0d2c482a 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 5e4a89eb..5e4a89eb 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 010ee883..010ee883 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_-_Principles_And_Applications_by_Allan._R._Hambley_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER01.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER01.ipynb
index a9ad2e34..a9ad2e34 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER01.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER01.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER01_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER01_1.ipynb
index a9ad2e34..a9ad2e34 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER01_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER01_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER02.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER02.ipynb
index 54c9d14b..54c9d14b 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER02.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER02_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER02_1.ipynb
index 54c9d14b..54c9d14b 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER02_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER02_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER03.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER03.ipynb
index 3855ac52..3855ac52 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER03.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER03_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER03_1.ipynb
index 3855ac52..3855ac52 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER03_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER03_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER04.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER04.ipynb
index f05d09d8..f05d09d8 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER04.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER04_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER04_1.ipynb
index f05d09d8..f05d09d8 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER04_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER04_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER07.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER07.ipynb
index 995a7c7d..995a7c7d 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER07.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER07_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER07_1.ipynb
index 0fc86514..0fc86514 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER07_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER07_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER09.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER09.ipynb
index fa59a457..fa59a457 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER09.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER09_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER09_1.ipynb
index fa59a457..fa59a457 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER09_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER09_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER11.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER11.ipynb
index d9db2da1..d9db2da1 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
index d9db2da1..d9db2da1 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER15.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER15.ipynb
index f1bef37e..f1bef37e 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER15.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb
index f1bef37e..f1bef37e 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER16.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER16.ipynb
index feeac5ae..feeac5ae 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER16.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
index feeac5ae..feeac5ae 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER18.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER18.ipynb
index 258fe140..258fe140 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER18.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER18_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER18_1.ipynb
index 258fe140..258fe140 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER19.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER19.ipynb
index 5dcd8b56..5dcd8b56 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER19.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER19_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER19_1.ipynb
index 5dcd8b56..5dcd8b56 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER20.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER20.ipynb
index 9e954e05..9e954e05 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER20.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb
index 9e954e05..9e954e05 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER23.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER23.ipynb
index 21b00d10..21b00d10 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER23.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER23_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER23_1.ipynb
index 21b00d10..21b00d10 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER23_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER23_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER24.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER24.ipynb
index f88bd3a6..f88bd3a6 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER24.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER24_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER24_1.ipynb
index f88bd3a6..f88bd3a6 100755
--- a/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent_/CHAPTER24_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Engineering_Fundamentals_by__Del_Toro_Vincent__version_backup/CHAPTER24_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
index 4dfd3fc0..4dfd3fc0 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_11.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index 3dc20568..3dc20568 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_12.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
index b6e144f8..b6e144f8 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_13.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
index dddb1b64..dddb1b64 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_14.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
index eec38008..eec38008 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_15.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
index e0f4e5ec..e0f4e5ec 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_16.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
index e95791d2..e95791d2 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_17.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_17.ipynb
index 26f8601a..26f8601a 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_17.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
index e32de0a7..e32de0a7 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_3.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
index de326601..de326601 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_4.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
index 10135a02..10135a02 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_7.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
index 0d89dc65..0d89dc65 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_8.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
index ab19068d..ab19068d 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_9.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
index b7205fa3..b7205fa3 100755
--- a/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande/Chapter_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Machines_by_M._V._Despande_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 1f66c550..1f66c550 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 6306573f..6306573f 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 6306573f..6306573f 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 7477df52..7477df52 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 7477df52..7477df52 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 83ceaa1b..83ceaa1b 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index 83ceaa1b..83ceaa1b 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 1f66c550..1f66c550 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 36560017..36560017 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 20e60dfa..20e60dfa 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 6d33a416..6d33a416 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 6d33a416..6d33a416 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index da063bd5..da063bd5 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index cc47617a..cc47617a 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 6362ce58..6362ce58 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index aaca3c9c..aaca3c9c 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index be717441..be717441 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index be717441..be717441 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index f72a22fd..f72a22fd 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index f72a22fd..f72a22fd 100755
--- a/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_Network_by_R._Singh_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11_1cYIymv.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 1e08381f..1e08381f 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter11_1cYIymv.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12_2pkvTOi.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 0b76bb5c..0b76bb5c 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter12_2pkvTOi.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13_IKwAwKI.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 6ed908f9..6ed908f9 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter13_IKwAwKI.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14_7ZhEpxq.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index e0d13aee..e0d13aee 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter14_7ZhEpxq.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15_QY6wZIq.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 1862ee2c..1862ee2c 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter15_QY6wZIq.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16_0NyhPvP.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 7a471548..7a471548 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter16_0NyhPvP.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18_64Lv3wy.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
index b24f0f02..b24f0f02 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter18_64Lv3wy.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19_0g2boiT.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index b87fa7b1..b87fa7b1 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter19_0g2boiT.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2_8BakG8I.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index a103be90..a103be90 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter2_8BakG8I.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20_afHh1Ul.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
index 960e2bde..960e2bde 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter20_afHh1Ul.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter21_GeNhAzQ.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
index 6d1b753b..6d1b753b 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter21_GeNhAzQ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22_vCvUGaR.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
index b477d5ec..b477d5ec 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter22_vCvUGaR.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23_3CMvYM4.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
index e17dafb8..e17dafb8 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter23_3CMvYM4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5_RsBz4a7.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 55d66248..55d66248 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter5_RsBz4a7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6_18MJqWw.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 4bcd3580..4bcd3580 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter6_18MJqWw.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8_817bFiA.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index bc1fdb59..bc1fdb59 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter8_817bFiA.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9_MBMuv9e.ipynb b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 489ec875..489ec875 100644
--- a/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey/Chapter9_MBMuv9e.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electrical_and_Electronic_Systems_by_Neil_Storey_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 5dae57eb..5dae57eb 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index d37bb7d2..d37bb7d2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index d37bb7d2..d37bb7d2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter10_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter10_1_1.ipynb
index d06c15b2..d06c15b2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter10_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter10_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index b1d5c972..b1d5c972 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 2169385c..2169385c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter11_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter11_1_1.ipynb
index 4922457d..4922457d 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter11_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter11_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 448e6f50..448e6f50 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index 448e6f50..448e6f50 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter12_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter12_1_1.ipynb
index 4335c4e4..4335c4e4 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter12_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter12_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 2505f949..2505f949 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index 2505f949..2505f949 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter13_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter13_1_1.ipynb
index 192e847c..192e847c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter13_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter13_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 9940398c..9940398c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index 9940398c..9940398c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter14_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter14_1_1.ipynb
index af5ad5a1..af5ad5a1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter14_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter14_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 3980c758..3980c758 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
index 3980c758..3980c758 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter15_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter15_1_1.ipynb
index 7e7356d2..7e7356d2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter15_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter15_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 2d0de40c..2d0de40c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter16_1.ipynb
index 2d0de40c..2d0de40c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter16_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter16_1_1.ipynb
index a7c194d9..a7c194d9 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter16_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter16_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index 36f2555a..36f2555a 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter17_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter17_1.ipynb
index 36f2555a..36f2555a 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter17_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter17_1_1.ipynb
index 0913e184..0913e184 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter17_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter17_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 5dae57eb..5dae57eb 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter1_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter1_1_1.ipynb
index d1c77068..d1c77068 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter1_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter1_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index deae3c71..deae3c71 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index deae3c71..deae3c71 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter2_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter2_1_1.ipynb
index 324bce27..324bce27 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter2_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter2_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 2cf8c2a1..2cf8c2a1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 2cf8c2a1..2cf8c2a1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter3_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter3_1_1.ipynb
index e6fdfc33..e6fdfc33 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter3_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter3_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index dfbff5bf..dfbff5bf 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index dfbff5bf..dfbff5bf 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter4_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter4_1_1.ipynb
index 474a3300..474a3300 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter4_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter4_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 204a2063..204a2063 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 204a2063..204a2063 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter5_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter5_1_1.ipynb
index f4bc5a6b..f4bc5a6b 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter5_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter5_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 27fe0eac..27fe0eac 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 27fe0eac..27fe0eac 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter6_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter6_1_1.ipynb
index f26e210a..f26e210a 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter6_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter6_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index cdaa4721..cdaa4721 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index cdaa4721..cdaa4721 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter7_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter7_1_1.ipynb
index ad03d9ee..ad03d9ee 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter7_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter7_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index fd68eb2b..fd68eb2b 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index fd68eb2b..fd68eb2b 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter8_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter8_1_1.ipynb
index c0c5ebd2..c0c5ebd2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter8_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter8_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 9ad477cc..9ad477cc 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 9ad477cc..9ad477cc 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter9_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter9_1_1.ipynb
index 01be9a77..01be9a77 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen/Chapter9_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuit_Analysis_And_Design_by_D._A._Neamen_version_backup/Chapter9_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 5c47a9e8..5c47a9e8 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index f2eb51d4..f2eb51d4 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index f2eb51d4..f2eb51d4 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 8f1f8a80..8f1f8a80 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index 8f1f8a80..8f1f8a80 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 5c47a9e8..5c47a9e8 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 20419576..20419576 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 20419576..20419576 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 781f46d7..781f46d7 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 781f46d7..781f46d7 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 3272c4a7..3272c4a7 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index 3272c4a7..3272c4a7 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index b0c877d6..b0c877d6 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index b0c877d6..b0c877d6 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index e8e27f4f..e8e27f4f 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index e8e27f4f..e8e27f4f 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index b999ba17..b999ba17 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index b999ba17..b999ba17 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 594ffb15..594ffb15 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 594ffb15..594ffb15 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 7b68d56d..7b68d56d 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index 7b68d56d..7b68d56d 100755
--- a/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Circuits_by_M._H._Tooley_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter10_Angle_Modulation.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter10_Angle.ipynb
index 5311facc..5311facc 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter10_Angle_Modulation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter10_Angle.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter11_Pulse_Modulation.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter11_Pulse.ipynb
index f9a35e7b..f9a35e7b 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter11_Pulse_Modulation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter11_Pulse.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter12_Digital_Communications.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter12_Digital.ipynb
index 6ee4bd31..6ee4bd31 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter12_Digital_Communications.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter12_Digital.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter13_Transmission_Lines_And_Cables.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter13_Transmission_Lines_And.ipynb
index 38e1d0d6..38e1d0d6 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter13_Transmission_Lines_And_Cables.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter13_Transmission_Lines_And.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter14_WaveGuides.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 2010222d..2010222d 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter14_WaveGuides.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter15_Radio_Wave_Propogation.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter15_Radio_Wave.ipynb
index 3cb6638e..3cb6638e 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter15_Radio_Wave_Propogation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter15_Radio_Wave.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter16_Antennas.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 9718189b..9718189b 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter16_Antennas.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter17_Telephone_Systems.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter17_Telephone.ipynb
index b2ca6c1b..b2ca6c1b 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter17_Telephone_Systems.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter17_Telephone.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter18_Fascimile_and_Television.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter18_Fascimile_and.ipynb
index ed4c9ac9..ed4c9ac9 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter18_Fascimile_and_Television.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter18_Fascimile_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter19_Satellite_Communications.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter19_Satellite.ipynb
index 178a9c6c..178a9c6c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter19_Satellite_Communications.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter19_Satellite.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter1_Passive_Circuits.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter1_Passive.ipynb
index 7e165345..7e165345 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter1_Passive_Circuits.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter1_Passive.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter20_Fibre_Optic_Communication.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter20_Fibre_Optic.ipynb
index 254e70df..254e70df 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter20_Fibre_Optic_Communication.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter20_Fibre_Optic.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter2_Waveform_Spectra.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter2_Waveform.ipynb
index 3ceb177d..3ceb177d 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter2_Waveform_Spectra.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter2_Waveform.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter4_Noise.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 748bcbf7..748bcbf7 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter4_Noise.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter5_Tuned_Small_Signal_Amplifiers,_Mixers_and_Active_Filters.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter5_Tuned_Small_Signal_Amplifiers,_Mixers_and_Active.ipynb
index a9c1b03b..a9c1b03b 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter5_Tuned_Small_Signal_Amplifiers,_Mixers_and_Active_Filters.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter5_Tuned_Small_Signal_Amplifiers,_Mixers_and_Active.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter6_Oscillators.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index d8fc16c8..d8fc16c8 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter6_Oscillators.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter7_Receivers.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 1cf5b9ae..1cf5b9ae 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter7_Receivers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter8_Amplitude_Modulation.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter8_Amplitude.ipynb
index b9d22f20..b9d22f20 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter8_Amplitude_Modulation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter8_Amplitude.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter9_Single_Sideband_Modulation.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter9_Single_Sideband.ipynb
index a033a332..a033a332 100755
--- a/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy/Chapter9_Single_Sideband_Modulation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Communication_by_D._Roddy_version_backup/Chapter9_Single_Sideband.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
index 1e8d294a..1e8d294a 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch10.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch10.ipynb
index bf46c812..bf46c812 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch10_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch10_1.ipynb
index c3e05470..c3e05470 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch11.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
index 1c138676..1c138676 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch11_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch11_1.ipynb
index 6925509c..6925509c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch12.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
index c3e14bb7..c3e14bb7 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch12_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch12_1.ipynb
index 5164033e..5164033e 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch13.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch13.ipynb
index 8f79f91e..8f79f91e 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch13.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch13_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch13_1.ipynb
index 0a0454a8..0a0454a8 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch1_1.ipynb
index 94caa8a1..94caa8a1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch2.ipynb
index 1cf7fc40..1cf7fc40 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch2_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch2_1.ipynb
index 5e14f96e..5e14f96e 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch3.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
index 4edb1a62..4edb1a62 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch3_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch3_1.ipynb
index 31360872..31360872 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch4.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
index bd9b3095..bd9b3095 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch4_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch4_1.ipynb
index fb235be8..fb235be8 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch5.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
index f37de7da..f37de7da 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch5_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch5_1.ipynb
index 33fa7d0e..33fa7d0e 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch6.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
index 3033d3de..3033d3de 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch6_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch6_1.ipynb
index 50ac03c1..50ac03c1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch7.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
index 95fc8a6d..95fc8a6d 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch7_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch7_1.ipynb
index 8aaf7463..8aaf7463 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch8.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
index 2c4ae29b..2c4ae29b 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch8_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch8_1.ipynb
index 65fd232b..65fd232b 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch9.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
index 7baef299..7baef299 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch9_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch9_1.ipynb
index 4f007e85..4f007e85 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain/Ch9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_B._Kumar_And_S._B._Jain_version_backup/Ch9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_1.ipynb
index d1e6834d..d1e6834d 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_11.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_11.ipynb
index 68c49a6c..68c49a6c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_2.ipynb
index b6f3fd83..b6f3fd83 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_3.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_3.ipynb
index d59f3fb2..d59f3fb2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_4.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_4.ipynb
index b06db7ad..b06db7ad 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_5.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_5.ipynb
index 6f5add30..6f5add30 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_6.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_6.ipynb
index 0b55fc7f..0b55fc7f 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_7.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_7.ipynb
index 141aa7dd..141aa7dd 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_8.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_8.ipynb
index 2f0f9ff5..2f0f9ff5 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_9.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_9.ipynb
index d6016975..d6016975 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits/EDC_ch_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_version_backup/EDC_ch_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter1_WPHo8Xh.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 6b40d1a4..c0f5f1b3 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter1_WPHo8Xh.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.1"
+    "## Example 1.1      Page Number-13"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2 (a)"
+    "## Example 1.2 (a)      Page Number-18"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2 (b)"
+    "## Example 1.2 (b)      Page Number-18"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2 (c)"
+    "## Example 1.2 (c)      Page Number-18"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2 (d)"
+    "## Example 1.2 (d)      Page Number-18"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2 (e)"
+    "## Example 1.2 (e)      Page Number-18"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2(a)"
+    "## Example 1.2(a)      Page Number-22"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2(b)"
+    "## Example 1.2(b)      Page Number-22"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2(c)"
+    "## Example 1.2(c)      Page Number-22"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.3(a)"
+    "## Example 1.3(a)       Page Number-24"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.3(b)"
+    "## Example 1.3(b)      Page Number-24"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.3(c)"
+    "## Example 1.3(c)      Page Number-24"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.4"
+    "## Example 1.4      Page Number-40"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example 1.5"
+    "## Example 1.5      Page Number-43"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -501,6 +501,7 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter10_I71qzcG.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index af056e34..af056e34 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter10_I71qzcG.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter11_oEHzsHL.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 4f097148..aa3d39dd 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter11_oEHzsHL.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.1"
+    "## Example-11.1         Page Number-642"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.2"
+    "## Example-11.2         Page Number-642"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.3"
+    "## Example-11.3         Page Number-643"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.4"
+    "## Example-11.4         Page Number-644"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.5"
+    "## Example-11.5         Page Number-645"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.6"
+    "## Example-11.6         Page Number-646"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.7"
+    "## Example-11.7         Page Number-647"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.8"
+    "## Example-11.8         Page Number-647"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.10(a)"
+    "## Example-11.10(a)         Page Number-651"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.10(b)"
+    "## Example-11.10(b)         Page Number-651"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.11"
+    "## Example-11.11         Page Number-654"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.12"
+    "## Example-11.12         Page Number-656"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.13"
+    "## Example-11.13         Page Number-657"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-11.14"
+    "## Example-11.14         Page Number-658"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter12_iSvFKTA.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 424a5907..4089560e 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter12_iSvFKTA.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.1"
+    "## Example-12.1         Page Number-676"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.2"
+    "## Example-12.2         Page Number-678"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.3"
+    "## Example-12.3         Page Number-679"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.5"
+    "## Example-12.5         Page Number-682"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.6(a)"
+    "## Example-12.6(a)         Page Number-683"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.6(b)"
+    "## Example-12.6(b)         Page Number-683"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.6(c)"
+    "## Example-12.6(c)         Page Number-683"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.7"
+    "## Example-12.7         Page Number-686"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.8"
+    "## Example-12.8         Page Number-687"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.9(a)"
+    "## Example-12.9(a)         Page Number-687"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.9(b)"
+    "## Example-12.9(b)         Page Number-687"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.10"
+    "## Example-12.10         Page Number-692"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.11"
+    "## Example-12.11         Page Number-693"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.12"
+    "## Example-12.12         Page Number-693"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.13"
+    "## Example-12.13         Page Number-694"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.14"
+    "## Example-12.14         Page Number-694"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.15(a)"
+    "## Example-12.15(a)         Page Number-696"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.15(b)"
+    "## Example-12.15(b)         Page Number-696"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.16"
+    "## Example-12.16         Page Number-696"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.17"
+    "## Example-12.17         Page Number-698"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-12.18"
+    "## Example-12.18         Page Number-700"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -843,6 +843,7 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter13_KHPEr4S.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 44e84b33..cd752ea3 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter13_KHPEr4S.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-13.1"
+    "## Example-13.1         Page Number-723"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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/OG7vtIzO/HVDkvPH62wbr3fduI+zAarqy8D9kjxok4/1WODmJH+R5LhNtiWtyqkeLZrl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\nktSY/wPs7a/5bLlAFgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x3de7908>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x3d5b940>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import matplotlib.pylab as plt\n",
+    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
     "%matplotlib inline\n",
     "#for the given Astable multivibrator:\n",
     "Ra=7.5*(10**3)                #Resistance in ohm\n",
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-13.2"
+    "## Example-13.2         Page Number-724"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter14_uOwC1gv.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 62fb4bb8..e5dd4d6a 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter14_uOwC1gv.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.1(a)"
+    "## Example-14.1(a)         Page Number-745"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.1(b)"
+    "## Example-14.1(b)         Page Number-745"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.2"
+    "## Example-14.2         Page Number-747"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.3"
+    "## Example-14.3         Page Number-748"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.4"
+    "## Example-14.4         Page Number-749"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.5"
+    "## Example-14.5         Page Number-750"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.6"
+    "## Example-14.6         Page Number-752"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.7"
+    "## Example-14.7         Page Number-758"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.8"
+    "## Example-14.8         Page Number-759"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-14.9"
+    "## Example-14.9         Page Number-760"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter15_jPIm0PJ.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 54188a98..11c73c3a 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter15_jPIm0PJ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.1"
+    "## Example-15.1            Page Number-774"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.1"
+    "## Example-15.2            Page Number-775"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.3"
+    "## Example-15.3            Page Number-777"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.4"
+    "## Example-15.4            Page Number-778"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.5"
+    "## Example-15.5            Page Number-778"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.6"
+    "## Example-15.6            Page Number-780"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.7"
+    "## Example-15.7            Page Number-781"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.8"
+    "## Example-15.8            Page Number-782"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.9"
+    "## Example-15.9            Page Number-783"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.10"
+    "## Example-15.10            Page Number-784"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.11"
+    "## Example-15.11            Page Number-786"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.13"
+    "## Example-15.13            Page Number-791"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.14"
+    "## Example-15.14            Page Number-791"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.15"
+    "## Example-15.15            Page Number-792"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-15.16"
+    "## Example-15.16            Page Number-792"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter17_BgCFyFJ.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index ec1a6f79..3771820e 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter17_BgCFyFJ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.1(a)"
+    "## Example-17.1(a)            Page Number-854"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.1(b)"
+    "## Example-17.1(b)            Page Number-854"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.1(c)"
+    "## Example-17.1(c)            Page Number-854"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.1(d)"
+    "## Example-17.1(d)            Page Number-854"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.1(f)"
+    "## Example-17.1(f)            Page Number-854"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.2"
+    "## Example-17.2            Page Number-862"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.3(a)"
+    "## Example-17.3(a)            Page Number-864"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.3(b)"
+    "## Example-17.3(b)            Page Number-864"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-17.3(c)"
+    "## Example-17.3(c)            Page Number-864"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -365,6 +365,7 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python [Root]",
    "language": "python",
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter2_j8Xe2eX.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 1d6ba377..43c84567 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter2_j8Xe2eX.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.1(a)"
+    "## Example-2.1(a)      Page Number-62"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.1(b)"
+    "## Example-2.1(b)      Page Number-62"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.2"
+    "## Example-2.2      Page Number-63"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.3"
+    "## Example-2.3      Page Number-64"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.4"
+    "## Example-2.4      Page Number-67"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.5"
+    "## Example-2.5      Page Number-68"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.6"
+    "## Example-2.6      Page Number-68"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.7"
+    "## Example-2.7      Page Number-69"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.8"
+    "## Example-2.8      Page Number-69"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.9"
+    "## Example-2.9      Page Number-70"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.10"
+    "## Example-2.10      Page Number-71"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.11"
+    "## Example-2.11      Page Number-72"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.12"
+    "## Example-2.12      Page Number-73"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.13"
+    "## Example-2.13      Page Number-74"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.14"
+    "## Example-2.14      Page Number-74"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.15"
+    "## Example-2.15      Page Number-75"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.24"
+    "## Example-2.24      Page Number-93"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.25"
+    "## Example-2.25      Page Number-94"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.26(a)"
+    "## Example-2.26(a)      Page Number-96"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -715,7 +715,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.26(b)"
+    "## Example-2.26(b)      Page Number-96"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -761,7 +761,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.27(a)"
+    "## Example-2.27(a)      Page Number-98"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -798,7 +798,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.27(b)"
+    "## Example-2.27(b)      Page Number-98"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -827,7 +827,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-2.28"
+    "## Example-2.28      Page Number-99"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter3_fU4Izoq.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 5dc4aeac..40635a03 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter3_fU4Izoq.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.1(a)"
+    "## Example-3.1(a)      Page Number-136"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.1(b)"
+    "## Example-3.1(b)      Page Number-136"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.1(c)"
+    "## Example-3.1(c)      Page Number-136"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.1(d)"
+    "## Example-3.1(d)      Page Number-136"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.2(a)"
+    "## Example-3.2(a)      Page Number-141"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Example-3.2(b)"
+    "## Example-3.2(b)      Page Number-141"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a923d73f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,872 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 4- DC Biasing - BJTs"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.1   Page No-165"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "a.Base current Ibq= 47.08 microA and Collector current Icq= 2.35 mA\n",
+      "b.Collector-Emitter voltage Vceq= 6.82 V\n",
+      "c.Base voltage Vb= 0.7 V and Collector Voltage Vc= 6.82 V\n",
+      "d.Base-Collector voltage Vbcq= -6.12 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given data:\n",
+    "Vcc=12.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                    #base emitter voltage in volts\n",
+    "Rb=240.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "B=50\n",
+    "Rc=2.2                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation:\n",
+    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/Rb            #base current in microA\n",
+    "Ic=B*Ib                    #collector current in mA\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*Rc              #collector-emitter voltage in volts\n",
+    "Vb=Vbe                     #base volate in volts\n",
+    "Vc=Vce                     #collector voltage in volts\n",
+    "Vbc=Vb-Vc                  #bse-collector voltage in volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"a.Base current Ibq=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA and Collector current Icq=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
+    "print \"b.Collector-Emitter voltage Vceq=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"c.Base voltage Vb=\",Vb,\"V and Collector Voltage Vc=\",round(Vc,2),\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"d.Base-Collector voltage Vbcq=\",round(Vbc,2),\"V\"\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.2   Page No-167"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The current saturation level= 5.45 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given data:\n",
+    "Vcc=12.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "Rc=2.2                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Icsat= Vcc/Rc              #saturation level\n",
+    "print \"The current saturation level=\",round(Icsat,2),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.3   Page No-170"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collector Resistance= 2.0 Kohm\n",
+      "Base Resistance= 772.0 Kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=Vce=20.0               #supply anmd collector emitter voltage in volts\n",
+    "Ic=10                      #collector current in mA at Vce=0V\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                    #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Ib=0.025                   #base current in mA\n",
+    "#calculations:\n",
+    "Rc=Vcc/Ic\n",
+    "Rb=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Ib)\n",
+    "print \"Collector Resistance=\",Rc,\"Kohm\"\n",
+    "print \"Base Resistance=\",Rb,\"Kohm\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.4   Page No-172"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Base Current= 40.12 microA\n",
+      "collector Current= 2.01 mA\n",
+      "Collector Emitter voltage= 13.98 V\n",
+      "Collector voltage= 15.99 V\n",
+      "emitter voltage= 2.01 V\n",
+      "Base voltage= 2.71 V\n",
+      "Base Collector voltage= -13.28 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=20.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "Rb=430.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "B=50\n",
+    "Rc=2.0                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=1.0                     #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(B+1)*Re)\n",
+    "Ic=B*Ib\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-(Rc+Re)*Ic\n",
+    "Vc=Vcc-Ic*Rc\n",
+    "Ve=Vc-Vce\n",
+    "Vb=Vbe+Ve\n",
+    "Vbc=Vb-Vc\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"Base Current=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA\"\n",
+    "print \"collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector voltage=\",round(Vc,2),\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"emitter voltage=\",round(Ve,2),\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"Base voltage=\",round(Vb,2),\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"Base Collector voltage=\",round(Vbc,2),\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.6   Page No-174"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The current saturation level= 6.67 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=20.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "Rc=2.0                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=1.0                     #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Icsat= Vcc/(Rc+Re)        #saturation level\n",
+    "print \"The current saturation level=\",round(Icsat,2),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.8   Page No-178"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "collector Current= 0.84 mA\n",
+      "Collector Emitter voltage= 12.36 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=22.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "R1=39.0                    #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "R2=3.9                     #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "B=100\n",
+    "Rc=10.0                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=1.5                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                    #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Rth=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)         #Thevenin resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Eth=(R2*Vcc)/(R1+R2)        #Thevenin voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Ib=(Eth-Vbe)/(Rth+(B+1)*Re)  #base current in microA\n",
+    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc+Re)           #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.10   Page No-180"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 24,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "collector Current= 0.81 mA\n",
+      "Collector Emitter voltage= 12.66 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=22.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "R1=39.0                    #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "R2=3.9                     #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "B=50\n",
+    "Rc=10.0                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=1.5                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                    #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Rth=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)         #Thevenin resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Eth=(R2*Vcc)/(R1+R2)        #Thevenin voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Ib=(Eth-Vbe)/(Rth+(B+1)*Re)  #base current in microA\n",
+    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc+Re)           #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.11   Page No-181"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 47,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Exact Analysis:\n",
+      "collector Current= 1.98 mA\n",
+      "Collector Emitter voltage= 4.55 V\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Approximate Analysis:\n",
+      "collector Current= 2.59 mA\n",
+      "Collector Emitter voltage= 3.77 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "#EXACT ANALYSIS\n",
+    "Vcc=18.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "R1=82.0                    #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "R2=22                      #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "B=50\n",
+    "Rc=5.6                      #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=1.2                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Rth=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)         #Thevenin resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Eth=(R2*Vcc)/(R1+R2)        #Thevenin voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Ib=(Eth-Vbe)/(Rth+(B+1)*Re)  #base current in microA\n",
+    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc+Re)           #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"Exact Analysis:\"\n",
+    "print \"collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\\n\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"Approximate Analysis:\"\n",
+    "Vb=Eth=3.81                 #base voltage in volts\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Rc=5.6                      #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=1.2                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Vcc=18.0                    #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Ve=Vb-Vbe                   #emitter voltage in volts\n",
+    "Ic=Ve/Re                    #collector current in mA\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-((Ic*(Rc+Re)))      #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce*10,2),\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.12   Page No-184"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 31,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collector Current= 1.07 mA\n",
+      "Collector Emitter voltage= 3.68 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=10.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "Rb=250                     #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "B=90\n",
+    "Rc=4.7                      #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=1.2                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(Rc+Re)*B)  #base current in microA\n",
+    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc+Re)           #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"Collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.13   Page No-185"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 48,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collector Current= 1.2 mA\n",
+      "Collector Emitter voltage= 2.92 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=10.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "Rb=250                     #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "B=135\n",
+    "Rc=4.7                      #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=1.2                      #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(Rc+Re)*B)  #base current in microA\n",
+    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc+Re)           #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"Collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.14   Page No-186"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 57,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Base Current= 35.54 microA\n",
+      "Collector voltage= 9.2 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=18.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "R1=91.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "R2=110.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Rc=3.3                      #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=0.51                    #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "B=75.0\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Rb=R1+R2\n",
+    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(Rc+Re)*B)  #base current in microA\n",
+    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
+    "Vc=Vcc-Ic*(Rc)               #collector voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"Base Current=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector voltage=\",round(Vc,2),\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.16   Page No-188"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 65,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Base Current= 45.73 microA\n",
+      "Collector voltage= 11.68 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vee=20.0                   #emitter voltage in volts\n",
+    "Rb=240.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=2.0                     #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "B=90.0\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Ib=(Vee-Vbe)/(Rb+(B+1)*Re)  #base current in microA\n",
+    "Ie=(B+1)*Ib                 #emitter current in mA\n",
+    "Vce=Vee-Ie*Re               #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"Base Current=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.17   Page No-190"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 86,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Emitter Current= 2.75 mA\n",
+      "Base Current= 45.08 microA\n",
+      "Collector Emitter voltage= 4.1 V\n",
+      "Collector Base voltage= 3.51 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=10.0                   #collector voltage in volts\n",
+    "Vee=4                      #emitter voltage in volts\n",
+    "B=60\n",
+    "Rc=2.4                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=1.2                     #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Ie=(Vee-Vbe)/Re             #emitter current in mA\n",
+    "Ib=Ie/(B+1)                 #base current in microA\n",
+    "Vce=Vee+Vcc-Ie*(Rc+Re)      #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Vcb=Vcc-B*Ib*Rc              #collector base voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"Emitter Current=\",round(Ie,2),\"mA\"\n",
+    "print \"Base Current=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector Emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector Base voltage=\",round(Vcb,2),\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.18   Page No-190"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 73,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Base Current= 15.51 microA\n",
+      "Collector Current= 1.86 mA\n",
+      "Collector emitter voltage= 11.25 V\n",
+      "Base Voltage= 0.7 V\n",
+      "Collector Voltage= 11.25 V\n",
+      "Emitter Voltage= 0 V\n",
+      "Base-collector Voltage= -10.55 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=20.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "Rb=680.0                   #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Rc=4.7                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "B=120.0\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(Rc)*B)     #base current in microA\n",
+    "Ic=B*Ib                      #collector current in mA\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*(Rc)               #collector emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Vb=Vbe                        #Base voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Vc=Vce                        #collector voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Ve=0                          #emitter voltage in Volts \n",
+    "Vbc=Vb-Vc                     #base collector voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"Base Current=\",round(Ib*1000,2),\"microA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector Current=\",round(Ic,2),\"mA\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector emitter voltage=\",round(Vce,2),\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"Base Voltage=\",Vb,\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector Voltage=\",round(Vc,2),\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"Emitter Voltage=\",Ve,\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"Base-collector Voltage=\",round(Vbc,2),\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.19   Page No-191"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 87,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collector voltage= -4.48 V\n",
+      "Base voltage= -8.3 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vee=9                      #emitter voltage in volts\n",
+    "B=45\n",
+    "Rc=1.2                     #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Rb=100.0                   #Base resistance in kohm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Ib=(Vee-Vbe)/Rb            #base current in microA\n",
+    "Ic=B*Ib                    #collecotr current in mA\n",
+    "Vc=-Ic*Rc                  #collector voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Vb=-Ib*Rb                  #base voltage in Volts\n",
+    " \n",
+    "print \"Collector voltage=\",round(Vc,2),\"V\"\n",
+    "print \"Base voltage=\",round(Vb,2),\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.21   Page No-194"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 88,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Base resistance= 482.5 kohm\n",
+      "Collector resistance= 2.5 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=20.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "Ic=8.0                     #collector current in mA\n",
+    "Ib=40.0                    #base current in microA\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Rc=Vcc/Ic                   #Collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Rb=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Ib/1000)      #base resistance in kohm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"Base resistance=\",round(Rb,2),\"kohm\"\n",
+    "print \"Collector resistance=\",round(Rc,2),\"kohm\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.22   Page No-196"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 85,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "2.4\n",
+      "R1= 86.52 Kohm\n",
+      "Rc= 2.18 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=18.0                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "R2=18.0                    #base Resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Re=1.2                     #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                     #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Ic=2                        #collector current in mA\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation:\n",
+    "Ve=Ic*Re                   #emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Vb=Vbe+Ve                  #base voltage in Volts\n",
+    "R1=((R2*Vcc)/(Vb))-R2      #base resistance in kohm\n",
+    "Vc=Vce+Ve                   #collector voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Rc=(Vcc-Vc)/Ic              #collector resistance in kohm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print \"R1=\",round(R1,2),\"Kohm\"\n",
+    "print \"Rc=\",round(Rc,2),\"kohm\"\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.26   Page No-201"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 90,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Mirrored current I= 10.27 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=12                  #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                 #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Rx=1.1                  #resistance in kohm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ix=(Vcc-Vbe)/Rx\n",
+    "print \"Mirrored current I=\",round(Ix,2),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.27   Page No-201"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 92,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Current I= 4.08 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vcc=6                   #supply voltage in volts\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                 #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Rx=1.3                  #resistance in kohm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ix=(Vcc-Vbe)/Rx\n",
+    "print \"Current I=\",round(Ix,2),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example-4.29   Page No-204"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 94,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Current I= 3.06 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#from the given figure:\n",
+    "Vz=6.2                  #diode voltage in volts\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7                 #base emitter voltage in Volts\n",
+    "Re=1.8                  #emitter resistance in kohm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "I=(Vz-Vbe)/Re\n",
+    "print \"Current I=\",round(I,2),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "Python [Root]"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.12"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter6_hCj2y1F.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index cb1df91c..cb1df91c 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter6_hCj2y1F.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter9_RgUq7ND.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 544903c1..544903c1 100644
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky/Chapter9_RgUq7ND.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuit_Theory_by_R_L_Boylestad_and_Louis_Nashlesky_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_01.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_01.ipynb
index d9b8d232..d9b8d232 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_01.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_01.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_02.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_02.ipynb
index 3298c091..3298c091 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_02.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_03.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_03.ipynb
index 280ee382..280ee382 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_03.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_04.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_04.ipynb
index 1d5b5c35..1d5b5c35 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_04.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_05.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_05.ipynb
index cc2f0691..cc2f0691 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_05.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_06.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_06.ipynb
index 5ae5962c..5ae5962c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_06.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_06.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_07.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_07.ipynb
index ac95ccf3..ac95ccf3 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_07.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_08.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_08.ipynb
index 8771f780..8771f780 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_08.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_09.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_09.ipynb
index 5ab169a5..5ab169a5 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_09.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_10.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
index 7db9ea32..7db9ea32 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_11.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index 206b57f3..206b57f3 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_12.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
index c079ebc3..c079ebc3 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_14.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
index 25528876..25528876 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_15.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
index b1eefe60..b1eefe60 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha/Chapter_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_D._C._Kulshreshtha_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
index 780683b1..780683b1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch10.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch10.ipynb
index 9f6d76d4..9f6d76d4 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch11.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
index 27787f8c..27787f8c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch12.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
index 2af2f2f6..2af2f2f6 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch13.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch13.ipynb
index af7d0ea6..af7d0ea6 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch13.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch2.ipynb
index 1385990a..1385990a 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch3.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
index 7fdd908f..7fdd908f 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch4.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
index b6079247..b6079247 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch5.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
index acad3147..acad3147 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch6.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
index f277415a..f277415a 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch7.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
index ecb2d362..ecb2d362 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch8.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
index 74a1e0c9..74a1e0c9 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch9.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
index 21db1e2f..21db1e2f 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul/Ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_J._Paul_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
index 3756f226..3756f226 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_10.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
index 40ac1384..40ac1384 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_10_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_10_1.ipynb
index 40ac1384..40ac1384 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_10_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_10_2.ipynb
index d6bc89ef..d6bc89ef 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_11.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index 79133326..79133326 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_11_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
index 79133326..79133326 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_11_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_11_2.ipynb
index 5be584aa..5be584aa 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_12.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
index b3a3f35f..b3a3f35f 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_12_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_12_1.ipynb
index b3a3f35f..b3a3f35f 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_12_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_12_2.ipynb
index b3a3f35f..b3a3f35f 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_14.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
index 5f27fbb8..5f27fbb8 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_14_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_14_1.ipynb
index 1230d468..1230d468 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_14_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_14_2.ipynb
index 8c91c4fa..8c91c4fa 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_15.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
index 6a69bc61..6a69bc61 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_15_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_15_1.ipynb
index 6a69bc61..6a69bc61 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_15_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_15_2.ipynb
index 6a69bc61..6a69bc61 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_18.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
index 3cfc1964..3cfc1964 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_18_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_18_1.ipynb
index 3cfc1964..3cfc1964 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_18_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_18_2.ipynb
index 44c41756..44c41756 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_18_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_18_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_19.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_19.ipynb
index 30dff9c1..30dff9c1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_19.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_19_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_19_1.ipynb
index 30dff9c1..30dff9c1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_19_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_19_2.ipynb
index 9fa544f7..9fa544f7 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_19_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_19_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_1_1.ipynb
index 3756f226..3756f226 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_1_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_1_2.ipynb
index 4a7f41f9..4a7f41f9 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
index 1250b8e1..1250b8e1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_21.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_21.ipynb
index 6a0cb850..6a0cb850 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_21.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_21_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_21_1.ipynb
index 6a0cb850..6a0cb850 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_21_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_21_2.ipynb
index 6a0cb850..6a0cb850 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_21_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_21_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_2_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_2_1.ipynb
index 1250b8e1..1250b8e1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_2_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_2_2.ipynb
index 10a03cd7..10a03cd7 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_3.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
index be82e4b1..be82e4b1 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_3_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_3_1.ipynb
index 44534838..44534838 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_3_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_3_2.ipynb
index 226ca17a..226ca17a 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_4.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
index 90e30550..90e30550 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_4_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_4_1.ipynb
index 90e30550..90e30550 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_4_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_4_2.ipynb
index 90e30550..90e30550 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index 010ef3d2..010ef3d2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_5_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_5_1.ipynb
index 010ef3d2..010ef3d2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_5_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_5_2.ipynb
index 010ef3d2..010ef3d2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_6.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
index f251fb09..f251fb09 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_6_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_6_1.ipynb
index f251fb09..f251fb09 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_6_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_6_2.ipynb
index f251fb09..f251fb09 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_7.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
index 15242e34..15242e34 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_7_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_7_1.ipynb
index 15242e34..15242e34 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_7_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_7_2.ipynb
index 15242e34..15242e34 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_8.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
index 8d024566..8d024566 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_8_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_8_1.ipynb
index 8d024566..8d024566 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_8_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_8_2.ipynb
index 8d024566..8d024566 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_9.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
index 8c67de26..8c67de26 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_9_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_9_1.ipynb
index 8c67de26..8c67de26 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_9_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_9_2.ipynb
index 8c67de26..8c67de26 100755
--- a/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari/Chapter_9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Devices_and_Circuits_by_S._L._Kakani_and_K._C._Bhandari_version_backup/Chapter_9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_01.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_01.ipynb
index 121ebd92..121ebd92 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_01.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_01.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_02.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_02.ipynb
index 8b8c6f98..8b8c6f98 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_02.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_03.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_03.ipynb
index 077b1bb4..077b1bb4 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_03.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_04.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_04.ipynb
index 40d5c095..40d5c095 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_04.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_05.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_05.ipynb
index 3c3e2342..3c3e2342 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_05.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_06.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_06.ipynb
index b4318d00..b4318d00 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_06.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_06.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_07.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_07.ipynb
index 6b65016a..6b65016a 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_07.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_08.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_08.ipynb
index 863a69a3..863a69a3 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_08.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_10.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
index ee2c5bbc..ee2c5bbc 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 4234eb46..4234eb46 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 75895112..75895112 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 6d83b13e..6d83b13e 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index e589bb65..e589bb65 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 6bbb77b6..6bbb77b6 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 1ef87929..1ef87929 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 0d8f7157..0d8f7157 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 9085b454..9085b454 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index d3729e3e..d3729e3e 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 9b14cc8e..9b14cc8e 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 77ecc1b5..77ecc1b5 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 48a66cea..48a66cea 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_by_David_A._Bell_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 66963b37..66963b37 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index d9ae373c..d9ae373c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index d9ae373c..d9ae373c 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 20148432..20148432 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index 20148432..20148432 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 3442a20e..3442a20e 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 3442a20e..3442a20e 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 987db16f..987db16f 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 987db16f..987db16f 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 66a0b7e3..66a0b7e3 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index 66a0b7e3..66a0b7e3 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 790db649..790db649 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 790db649..790db649 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 82ed6e02..82ed6e02 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 82ed6e02..82ed6e02 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index de493fe2..de493fe2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index de493fe2..de493fe2 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 6f6a09d7..6f6a09d7 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index 6f6a09d7..6f6a09d7 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index e456daaf..e456daaf 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 0dcd481b..0dcd481b 100755
--- a/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Instrumentation_and_Measurements_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_Measurements_and_Instrumentation_by_Er.R.K.Rajput/R.k.Rajput5.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_Measurements_and_Instrumentation_by_Er.R.K.Rajput_version_backup/R.k.Rajput5.ipynb
index 8895e342..8895e342 100755
--- a/Electronic_Measurements_and_Instrumentation_by_Er.R.K.Rajput/R.k.Rajput5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_Measurements_and_Instrumentation_by_Er.R.K.Rajput_version_backup/R.k.Rajput5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index e5603984..e5603984 100755
--- a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 8bb19cf4..8bb19cf4 100755
--- a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index d074e1fe..d074e1fe 100755
--- a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 15b0854c..15b0854c 100755
--- a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 470de735..470de735 100755
--- a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 8ade6c6b..8ade6c6b 100755
--- a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index d9deec87..d9deec87 100755
--- a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 99ed3014..99ed3014 100755
--- a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index fda149db..fda149db 100755
--- a/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronic_and_Electrical_Measuring_Instruments_&_Machines_by_Bakshi_And_Bakshi_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch1.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
index 01e7a07d..01e7a07d 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch10.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch10.ipynb
index 0f3b8bbf..0f3b8bbf 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch11.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
index 0223a598..0223a598 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch12.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
index bd75f1dd..bd75f1dd 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch14.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch14.ipynb
index 8f68f296..8f68f296 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch14.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch15.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch15.ipynb
index 3e5b1387..3e5b1387 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch15.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch16.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch16.ipynb
index e4790b69..e4790b69 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch16.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch17.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch17.ipynb
index 6ff93046..6ff93046 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch17.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch18.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch18.ipynb
index 125917ee..125917ee 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch18.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch20.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch20.ipynb
index e1b955eb..e1b955eb 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch20.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch21.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch21.ipynb
index 50d5965c..50d5965c 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch21.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch24.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch24.ipynb
index ce7b87dc..ce7b87dc 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch24.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch3.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
index adbb80a5..adbb80a5 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch4.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
index c7f2ac66..c7f2ac66 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch5.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
index bcea886e..bcea886e 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch6.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
index 03eb7a71..03eb7a71 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch7.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
index 6c83db1c..6c83db1c 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch8.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
index 2b4eb01f..2b4eb01f 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch9.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
index 0ce15525..0ce15525 100755
--- a/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj/Ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Salivahanan,_N._S._Kumar_And_A._Vallavaraj_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
index ec69f222..ec69f222 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_1_1.ipynb
index 18461132..18461132 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_1_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_1_2.ipynb
index 18461132..18461132 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_2.ipynb
index cc8b5565..cc8b5565 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_2_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_2_1.ipynb
index cc8b5565..cc8b5565 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_2_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_2_2.ipynb
index cc8b5565..cc8b5565 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_3.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_3.ipynb
index 600220b3..600220b3 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_3_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_3_1.ipynb
index 600220b3..600220b3 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_3_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_3_2.ipynb
index 600220b3..600220b3 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_4.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_4.ipynb
index 346bf695..346bf695 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_4_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_4_1.ipynb
index 346bf695..346bf695 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_4_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_4_2.ipynb
index ad82474d..ad82474d 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_5.ipynb
index 54ba0032..54ba0032 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_5_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_5_1.ipynb
index 54ba0032..54ba0032 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_5_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_5_2.ipynb
index 54ba0032..54ba0032 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_6.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_6.ipynb
index a9fbbd80..a9fbbd80 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_6_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_6_1.ipynb
index a9fbbd80..a9fbbd80 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_6_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_6_2.ipynb
index 27931e37..27931e37 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_7.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_7.ipynb
index 299a6c38..299a6c38 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_7_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_7_1.ipynb
index 299a6c38..299a6c38 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_7_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_7_2.ipynb
index 299a6c38..299a6c38 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_8.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_8.ipynb
index c1dea420..c1dea420 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_8_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_8_1.ipynb
index c1dea420..c1dea420 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_8_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_8_2.ipynb
index 869fcc8c..869fcc8c 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_9.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_9.ipynb
index bbc73967..bbc73967 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_9_1.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_9_1.ipynb
index bbc73967..bbc73967 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_9_2.ipynb b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_9_2.ipynb
index bbc73967..bbc73967 100755
--- a/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja/chapter_9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Electronics_Engineering_by_P._Raja_version_backup/chapter_9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo02.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo02.ipynb
index 660f7921..660f7921 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo02.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo03.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo03.ipynb
index f1537709..f1537709 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo03.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo04.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo04.ipynb
index ed8e34c8..ed8e34c8 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo04.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo05.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo05.ipynb
index c282663f..c282663f 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo05.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo06.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo06.ipynb
index c78060a7..c78060a7 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo06.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo06.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo07.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo07.ipynb
index 76fb395e..76fb395e 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo07.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo08.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo08.ipynb
index 78378c7d..78378c7d 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo08.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo09.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo09.ipynb
index 725e5a21..725e5a21 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo09.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo10.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo10.ipynb
index 95f3242b..95f3242b 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo10.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo11.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo11.ipynb
index 6f47cd70..6f47cd70 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo11.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo12.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo12.ipynb
index 24e7be7d..24e7be7d 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo12.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo13.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo13.ipynb
index 0ecd6b7a..0ecd6b7a 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo13.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo14.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo14.ipynb
index 59439b8a..59439b8a 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr./ChapterNo14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Power_System_Analysis_by_W.D._Stevenson,_Jr._version_backup/ChapterNo14.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
index 608b71cc..608b71cc 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_10.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
index ff3609da..ff3609da 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_11.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index 4aed469b..4aed469b 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_12.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
index e7d6658a..e7d6658a 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_13.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
index b1a173c6..b1a173c6 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_14.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
index f953d99a..f953d99a 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_15.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
index 5c710163..5c710163 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_16.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
index e73c5d78..e73c5d78 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_18.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
index 8c56b4c9..8c56b4c9 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_19.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_19.ipynb
index e14fdd84..e14fdd84 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_19.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
index 511042b0..511042b0 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_20.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_20.ipynb
index c603307c..c603307c 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_20.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index 20adaee3..20adaee3 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_7.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
index 92d0279f..92d0279f 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_8.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
index d35614c2..d35614c2 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_9.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
index 48194c0d..48194c0d 100755
--- a/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer/Chapter_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_Thermodynamics_and_heat_transfer_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index dd9dead5..dd9dead5 100755
--- a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 603cbe11..603cbe11 100755
--- a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index d8758394..d8758394 100755
--- a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 194573ff..194573ff 100755
--- a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 3af7cbe5..3af7cbe5 100755
--- a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index b0a3b759..b0a3b759 100755
--- a/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Elements_of_electrical_science_by_Mukopadhyay,_Pant_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index c6f2d00b..c6f2d00b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 3ce0f857..3ce0f857 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 3ce0f857..3ce0f857 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
index 3ce0f857..3ce0f857 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter10_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
index 3ce0f857..3ce0f857 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter10_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
index 3ce0f857..3ce0f857 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter10_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 5d465a0b..5d465a0b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index 5d465a0b..5d465a0b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
index 5d465a0b..5d465a0b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter11_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter11_3.ipynb
index 5d465a0b..5d465a0b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter11_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter11_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter11_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter11_4.ipynb
index 5d465a0b..5d465a0b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter11_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter11_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index 0f5cd8eb..0f5cd8eb 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index 0f5cd8eb..0f5cd8eb 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
index 0f5cd8eb..0f5cd8eb 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter12_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
index ee679f70..ee679f70 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter12_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter12_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
index ee679f70..ee679f70 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter12_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index a77abe8e..a77abe8e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index a77abe8e..a77abe8e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
index a77abe8e..a77abe8e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter13_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
index a77abe8e..a77abe8e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter13_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter13_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
index a77abe8e..a77abe8e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter13_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index c04236af..c04236af 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
index c04236af..c04236af 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter14_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
index c04236af..c04236af 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter14_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter14_3.ipynb
index c04236af..c04236af 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter14_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter14_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter14_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter14_4.ipynb
index c04236af..c04236af 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter14_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter14_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index da6b1b6a..da6b1b6a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
index da6b1b6a..da6b1b6a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter15_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
index da6b1b6a..da6b1b6a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter15_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter15_3.ipynb
index da6b1b6a..da6b1b6a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter15_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter15_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter15_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter15_4.ipynb
index da6b1b6a..da6b1b6a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter15_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter15_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
index 22430a7a..22430a7a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
index 22430a7a..22430a7a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
index 22430a7a..22430a7a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16_3.ipynb
index 22430a7a..22430a7a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16_4.ipynb
index 22430a7a..22430a7a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16_5.ipynb
index 22430a7a..22430a7a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter16_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter16_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
index 7a620362..7a620362 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17_1.ipynb
index 7a620362..7a620362 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17_2.ipynb
index 7a620362..7a620362 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17_3.ipynb
index 7a620362..7a620362 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17_4.ipynb
index 7a620362..7a620362 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17_5.ipynb
index 7a620362..7a620362 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter17_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter17_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18.ipynb
index bbd27129..bbd27129 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18_1.ipynb
index bbd27129..bbd27129 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18_2.ipynb
index bbd27129..bbd27129 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18_3.ipynb
index bbd27129..bbd27129 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18_4.ipynb
index bbd27129..bbd27129 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18_5.ipynb
index bbd27129..bbd27129 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter18_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter18_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
index d723a0d2..d723a0d2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_1.ipynb
index d723a0d2..d723a0d2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_2.ipynb
index d723a0d2..d723a0d2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_3.ipynb
index d723a0d2..d723a0d2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_4.ipynb
index d723a0d2..d723a0d2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_5.ipynb
index d723a0d2..d723a0d2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_6.ipynb
index d723a0d2..d723a0d2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter19_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter19_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index c6f2d00b..c6f2d00b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
index c6f2d00b..c6f2d00b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter1_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
index c6f2d00b..c6f2d00b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 9a6ee7f9..9a6ee7f9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index 9a6ee7f9..9a6ee7f9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
index 9a6ee7f9..9a6ee7f9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter2_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter2_3.ipynb
index 9a6ee7f9..9a6ee7f9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter2_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter2_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 62463123..62463123 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
index 62463123..62463123 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
index 62463123..62463123 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter3_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter3_3.ipynb
index 62463123..62463123 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter3_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter3_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 3133c796..3133c796 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index 3133c796..3133c796 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
index 3133c796..3133c796 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter4_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter4_3.ipynb
index 3133c796..3133c796 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter4_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter4_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 8951e1db..8951e1db 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 8951e1db..8951e1db 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
index 8951e1db..8951e1db 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter5_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter5_3.ipynb
index 8951e1db..8951e1db 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter5_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter5_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index be27eeca..be27eeca 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index be27eeca..be27eeca 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
index be27eeca..be27eeca 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter6_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter6_3.ipynb
index be27eeca..be27eeca 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter6_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter6_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 1343d7ec..1343d7ec 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index 1343d7ec..1343d7ec 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
index 1343d7ec..1343d7ec 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter7_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
index 297dc26a..297dc26a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter7_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter7_4.ipynb
index 297dc26a..297dc26a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter7_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter7_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 06319089..06319089 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index 06319089..06319089 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
index 06319089..06319089 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter8_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter8_3.ipynb
index 05d402a2..05d402a2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter8_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter8_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter8_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter8_4.ipynb
index fe432847..fe432847 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter8_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter8_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index b8787d4f..b8787d4f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index b8787d4f..b8787d4f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
index b8787d4f..b8787d4f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter9_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter9_3.ipynb
index b8787d4f..b8787d4f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter9_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter9_4.ipynb
index b8787d4f..b8787d4f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean/chapter9_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics,_Schaum_Series_by_McLean_version_backup/chapter9_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_10_UNIFORM_FLEXIBLE_SUSPENSION_CABLES_HCFsMgC.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_10_UNIFORM_FLEXIBLE_SUSPENSION.ipynb
index c82cb27d..c82cb27d 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_10_UNIFORM_FLEXIBLE_SUSPENSION_CABLES_HCFsMgC.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_10_UNIFORM_FLEXIBLE_SUSPENSION.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_10_UNIFORM_FLEXIBLE_SUSPENSION_CABLES_GnACBtd.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_10_UNIFORM_FLEXIBLE_SUSPENSION_CABLES.ipynb
index 13b825ff..13b825ff 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_10_UNIFORM_FLEXIBLE_SUSPENSION_CABLES_GnACBtd.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_10_UNIFORM_FLEXIBLE_SUSPENSION_CABLES.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_12_MOMENT_OF_INERTIA_spqMC5t.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_12_MOMENT_OF.ipynb
index 607d4e25..607d4e25 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_12_MOMENT_OF_INERTIA_spqMC5t.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_12_MOMENT_OF.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_12_MOMENT_OF_INERTIA_LYKWULD.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_12_MOMENT_OF_INERTIA.ipynb
index 94487c72..94487c72 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_12_MOMENT_OF_INERTIA_LYKWULD.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_12_MOMENT_OF_INERTIA.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_13_PRINCIPLE_OF_VIRTUAL_WORK_7uw9Z93.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_13_PRINCIPLE_OF_VIRTUAL.ipynb
index 70272cbe..70272cbe 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_13_PRINCIPLE_OF_VIRTUAL_WORK_7uw9Z93.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_13_PRINCIPLE_OF_VIRTUAL.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_14_RECTILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE_5x1EeZT.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_14_RECTILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A.ipynb
index e5f012c8..e5f012c8 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_14_RECTILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE_5x1EeZT.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_14_RECTILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_15_CURVILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE_O6it6xc.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_15_CURVILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A.ipynb
index c1be24bf..c1be24bf 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_15_CURVILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE_O6it6xc.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_15_CURVILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_15_CURVILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE_E3pMQ3l.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_15_CURVILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE.ipynb
index 8cc4307c..8cc4307c 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_15_CURVILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE_E3pMQ3l.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_15_CURVILINEAR_MOTION_OF_A_PARTICLE.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_18___IMPACT_COLLISION_OF_ELASTIC_BODIES_QCip6wZ.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_18___IMPACT_COLLISION_OF_ELASTIC.ipynb
index bce7ef40..bce7ef40 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_18___IMPACT_COLLISION_OF_ELASTIC_BODIES_QCip6wZ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_18___IMPACT_COLLISION_OF_ELASTIC.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_18___IMPACT_COLLISION_OF_ELASTIC_BODIES_57cRbUZ.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_18___IMPACT_COLLISION_OF_ELASTIC_BODIES.ipynb
index b309cf65..b309cf65 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_18___IMPACT_COLLISION_OF_ELASTIC_BODIES_57cRbUZ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_18___IMPACT_COLLISION_OF_ELASTIC_BODIES.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_19_RELATIVE_MOTION_J2UMS3p.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_19_RELATIVE.ipynb
index 262e4ca8..262e4ca8 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_19_RELATIVE_MOTION_J2UMS3p.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_19_RELATIVE.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_20_MOTION_OF_PROJECTILE_UfbIeO1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_20_MOTION_OF.ipynb
index 1f3a63ab..1f3a63ab 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_20_MOTION_OF_PROJECTILE_UfbIeO1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_20_MOTION_OF.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_20_MOTION_OF_PROJECTILE_JSbzAtS.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_20_MOTION_OF_PROJECTILE.ipynb
index 80433aa0..80433aa0 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_20_MOTION_OF_PROJECTILE_JSbzAtS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_20_MOTION_OF_PROJECTILE.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_21_KINEMATICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_IxjgxTR.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_21_KINEMATICS_OF_RIGID.ipynb
index 38c104c7..38c104c7 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_21_KINEMATICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_IxjgxTR.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_21_KINEMATICS_OF_RIGID.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_23_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_WORK_AND_ENERGY_3P2GRwN.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_23_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_WORK_AND.ipynb
index 0ef19ff6..0ef19ff6 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_23_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_WORK_AND_ENERGY_3P2GRwN.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_23_KINETICS_OF_RIGID_BODY_WORK_AND.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_24_MECHANICAL_VIBRATIONS_LVW8AS0.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_24_MECHANICAL.ipynb
index 5daf12ec..5daf12ec 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_24_MECHANICAL_VIBRATIONS_LVW8AS0.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_24_MECHANICAL.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_25_____SHEAR_FORCE_AND_BENDING_MOMENT_A2poeo5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_25_____SHEAR_FORCE_AND_BENDING.ipynb
index e527f1a9..e527f1a9 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_25_____SHEAR_FORCE_AND_BENDING_MOMENT_A2poeo5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_25_____SHEAR_FORCE_AND_BENDING.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_26_APPENDIX_IefvlOy.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_26.ipynb
index 0bfaddae..0bfaddae 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_26_APPENDIX_IefvlOy.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_26.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_FxwDlhm.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A.ipynb
index c7f48900..c7f48900 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_FxwDlhm.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_otZIEVC.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE.ipynb
index 95032f1b..c7f48900 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_otZIEVC.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_2_CONCURRENT_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE.ipynb
@@ -68,8 +68,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "P=50 #N\n",
     "Q=100 #N\n",
@@ -109,8 +107,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "Tac=3.5 #kN\n",
     "Tbc=3.5 #kN\n",
@@ -147,8 +143,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "lAB=0.4 #m\n",
     "lBC=0.3 #m\n",
@@ -182,8 +176,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "F=1000 #N\n",
     "lAB=0.5 #m\n",
@@ -222,8 +214,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "F3=500 #N\n",
     "alpha=60 #degree #angle made by F3 with F2\n",
@@ -264,8 +254,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "P=5000 #N\n",
     "lAB=5 #m\n",
@@ -309,8 +297,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "W=1000 #N\n",
     "OD=0.4 #m\n",
@@ -351,8 +337,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "W=2500 #N #This load acts at point B and C.\n",
     "alpha=30 #degree # angle made by T1 with +ve y-axis & T2 with +ve x-axis\n",
@@ -389,8 +373,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "d=0.6 #m #diameter of the wheel\n",
     "r=0.3 #m #radius of the wheel\n",
@@ -427,8 +409,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "Soa=1000 #N (tension)\n",
     "alpha=45 #degree #where alpha=(360/8)\n",
@@ -466,8 +446,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "W=500 #N #weight of cylinder\n",
     "alpha=25 #degree #angle made by OA with horizontal\n",
@@ -506,8 +484,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "Wa=1000 #N #weight of sphere A\n",
     "Wb=400 #N #weight of sphere B\n",
@@ -550,8 +526,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "P=50 #N\n",
     "Q=100 #N\n",
@@ -587,8 +561,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "theta1=50.5 #degree #is the angle made between BC & and BE\n",
     "theta2=36.87 #degree #is te angle ade between BA &BE \n",
@@ -627,8 +599,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilazation of variables\n",
     "F=1000 #N\n",
     "theta=30 #degree #angle made by the force with the beam AB\n",
@@ -666,8 +636,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "#Initilization of variables\n",
     "W=1000 #N\n",
     "r=0.30 #m #radius of the wheel\n",
@@ -682,23 +650,22 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python3"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
     "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
+    "version": 3
    },
    "file_extension": ".py",
    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.5.1"
   },
   "widgets": {
    "state": {},
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_3_PARALLEL_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_bXdpI6Q.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_3_PARALLEL_FORCES_IN_A.ipynb
index c0361f6a..c0361f6a 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_3_PARALLEL_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_bXdpI6Q.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_3_PARALLEL_FORCES_IN_A.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_5__GENERAL_CASE_OF_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_g5sMBYF.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_5__GENERAL_CASE_OF_FORCES_IN_A.ipynb
index a77ec491..a77ec491 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_5__GENERAL_CASE_OF_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_g5sMBYF.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_5__GENERAL_CASE_OF_FORCES_IN_A.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_5__GENERAL_CASE_OF_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_dRf7oot.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_5__GENERAL_CASE_OF_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE.ipynb
index 6657b20a..6657b20a 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_5__GENERAL_CASE_OF_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE_dRf7oot.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_5__GENERAL_CASE_OF_FORCES_IN_A_PLANE.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_6_FRICTION_Jc04I0n.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
index 5710d02f..5710d02f 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_6_FRICTION_Jc04I0n.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_6_FRICTION_zfudwhy.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_6_FRICTION.ipynb
index ee662d5e..5710d02f 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_6_FRICTION_zfudwhy.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_6_FRICTION.ipynb
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 39,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -116,8 +116,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
     "# Initilization of variables\n",
     "M=2000 # kg # mass of the car\n",
     "mu=0.3 # coefficient of static friction between the tyre and the road\n",
@@ -139,7 +137,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 46,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -193,7 +191,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 50,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -227,23 +225,22 @@
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python [Root]",
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "Python [Root]"
+   "name": "python3"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
     "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
+    "version": 3
    },
    "file_extension": ".py",
    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.5.1"
   },
   "widgets": {
    "state": {},
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_7_APPLICATION_OF_FRICTION_bwuImxc.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_7_APPLICATION_OF.ipynb
index eb34bfe8..eb34bfe8 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_7_APPLICATION_OF_FRICTION_bwuImxc.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_7_APPLICATION_OF.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_8______SIMPLE_LIFTING_MACHINES_mcoeolw.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_8______SIMPLE_LIFTING.ipynb
index 69e9fe67..69e9fe67 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_8______SIMPLE_LIFTING_MACHINES_mcoeolw.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_8______SIMPLE_LIFTING.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_8______SIMPLE_LIFTING_MACHINES_Y28MAwB.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_8______SIMPLE_LIFTING_MACHINES.ipynb
index bb4007a0..bb4007a0 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_8______SIMPLE_LIFTING_MACHINES_Y28MAwB.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_8______SIMPLE_LIFTING_MACHINES.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_9_ANALYSIS_OF_PLANE_TRUSSES_AND_FRAMES_tyRPw3C.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_9_ANALYSIS_OF_PLANE_TRUSSES_AND.ipynb
index 49750588..49750588 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_9_ANALYSIS_OF_PLANE_TRUSSES_AND_FRAMES_tyRPw3C.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_9_ANALYSIS_OF_PLANE_TRUSSES_AND.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_9_ANALYSIS_OF_PLANE_TRUSSES_AND_FRAMES_kqPSl8C.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_9_ANALYSIS_OF_PLANE_TRUSSES_AND_FRAMES.ipynb
index 03331275..03331275 100644
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter_9_ANALYSIS_OF_PLANE_TRUSSES_AND_FRAMES_kqPSl8C.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal_version_backup/Chapter_9_ANALYSIS_OF_PLANE_TRUSSES_AND_FRAMES.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_1.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_10.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_11.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_12.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_13.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_14.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_15.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_16.ipynb
index cc6b9f04..cc6b9f04 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_2.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_3.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_4.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_5.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_6.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_7.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_8.ipynb
index cf97f900..cf97f900 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./appendix_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/appendix_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02.ipynb
index eba2a295..eba2a295 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_1.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_10.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_11.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_12.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_13.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_14.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_15.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_16.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_17.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_17.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_17.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_2.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_3.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_4.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_5.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_6.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_7.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_8.ipynb
index d55d1267..d55d1267 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter02_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter02_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_1.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_10.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_11.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_12.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_13.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_14.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_15.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_16.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_2.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_3.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_4.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_5.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_6.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_7.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_8.ipynb
index cdcc5a68..cdcc5a68 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter03_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter03_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_1.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_10.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_11.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_12.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_13.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_14.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_15.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_16.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_2.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_3.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_4.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_5.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_6.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_7.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_8.ipynb
index e5d35c61..e5d35c61 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter04_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter04_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_1.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_10.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_11.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_12.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_13.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_14.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_15.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_16.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_2.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_3.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_4.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_5.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_6.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_7.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_8.ipynb
index efb681de..efb681de 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter05_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter05_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_1.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_10.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_11.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_12.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_13.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_14.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_15.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_16.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_2.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_3.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_4.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_5.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_6.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_7.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_8.ipynb
index a0feab39..a0feab39 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter06_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter06_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_1.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_10.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_11.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_12.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_13.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_14.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_15.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_16.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_2.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_3.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_4.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_5.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_6.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_7.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_8.ipynb
index aae60e42..aae60e42 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter07_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter07_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_1.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_10.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_11.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_12.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_13.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_14.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_15.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_16.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_2.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_3.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_4.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_5.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_6.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_7.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_8.ipynb
index 666bcf43..666bcf43 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter08_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter08_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09.ipynb
index 736fe4f5..736fe4f5 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_1.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_10.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_11.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_12.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_13.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_14.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_15.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_16.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_2.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_3.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_4.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_5.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_6.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_7.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_8.ipynb
index aa9e114b..aa9e114b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter09_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter09_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_10.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_11.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_12.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_13.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_14.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_15.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_16.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_5.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_6.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_7.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_8.ipynb
index 3563e562..3563e562 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter10_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter10_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_10.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_11.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_12.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_13.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_14.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_15.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_5.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_6.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_7.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_8.ipynb
index 9f1a8645..9f1a8645 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter12_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter12_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_10.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_11.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_12.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_13.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_14.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_15.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_5.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_6.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_7.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_8.ipynb
index 690eeb8a..690eeb8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter13_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter13_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_10.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_11.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_12.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_13.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_14.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_15.ipynb
index 5a718ded..5a718ded 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_3.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_4.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_5.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_6.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_7.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_8.ipynb
index 41eaaa76..41eaaa76 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter14_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter14_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_10.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_11.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_12.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_13.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_14.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_15.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_3.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_4.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_5.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_6.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_7.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_8.ipynb
index db992973..db992973 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter15_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter15_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_10.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_11.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_12.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_13.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_14.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_15.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_3.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_4.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_5.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_6.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_7.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_8.ipynb
index 7bd00420..7bd00420 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter16_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter16_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_1.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_10.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_11.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_12.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_13.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_14.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_15.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_2.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_3.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_4.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_5.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_6.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_7.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_8.ipynb
index 5049e924..5049e924 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter17_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter17_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_1.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_10.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_11.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_12.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_13.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_14.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_15.ipynb
index 5eed275e..5eed275e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_2.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_3.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_4.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_5.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_6.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_7.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_8.ipynb
index 696a0479..696a0479 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter18_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter18_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_1.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_10.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_11.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_12.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_13.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_14.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_15.ipynb
index 264f97d6..264f97d6 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_2.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_3.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_4.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_5.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_6.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_7.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_8.ipynb
index ca13c8e8..ca13c8e8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter19_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter19_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_1.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_10.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_11.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_12.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_13.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_14.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_15.ipynb
index 50cd95d2..50cd95d2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_2.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_3.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_4.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_5.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_6.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_7.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_8.ipynb
index 7b30b675..7b30b675 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter20_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter20_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_1.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_10.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_11.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_12.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_13.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_14.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_15.ipynb
index 52504506..52504506 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_2.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_3.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_4.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_5.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_6.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_7.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_8.ipynb
index c58e0b47..c58e0b47 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter21_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter21_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_1.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_10.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_11.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_12.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_13.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_14.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_15.ipynb
index c88d8037..c88d8037 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_2.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_3.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_4.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_5.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_6.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_7.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_8.ipynb
index c5908132..c5908132 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter22_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter22_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_1.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_10.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_11.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_12.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_13.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_14.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_15.ipynb
index 917abffa..917abffa 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_2.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_3.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_4.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_5.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_6.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_7.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_8.ipynb
index e2d06a9e..e2d06a9e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter23_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter23_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_1.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_10.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_11.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_12.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_13.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_14.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_15.ipynb
index d978edd5..d978edd5 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_2.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_3.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_4.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_5.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_6.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_7.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_8.ipynb
index 9fcc267a..9fcc267a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter24_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter24_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_1.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_10.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_11.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_12.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_13.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_14.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_15.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_2.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_3.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_4.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_5.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_6.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_7.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_8.ipynb
index c424f5bc..c424f5bc 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K./chapter25_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_by_Tayal_A.K._version_backup/chapter25_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index ed833104..ed833104 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index ed833104..ed833104 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_2.ipynb
index 4b04b36c..4b04b36c 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_3.ipynb
index 4b04b36c..4b04b36c 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_4.ipynb
index a4e9bc81..a4e9bc81 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_5.ipynb
index f31c3f93..f31c3f93 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_6.ipynb
index f31c3f93..f31c3f93 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_7.ipynb
index f31c3f93..f31c3f93 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/Chapter1_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 695fe138..695fe138 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 695fe138..695fe138 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
index 77731d0b..77731d0b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
index 41e0a194..41e0a194 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
index e3ff3ff9..e3ff3ff9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_5.ipynb
index 738d912f..738d912f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_6.ipynb
index c57f065e..c57f065e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_7.ipynb
index 739ebe17..739ebe17 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter10_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index aa2f8723..aa2f8723 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index aa2f8723..aa2f8723 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
index aa2f8723..aa2f8723 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_3.ipynb
index aa2f8723..aa2f8723 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_4.ipynb
index b35f7fc0..b35f7fc0 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_5.ipynb
index 411b3c0a..411b3c0a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_6.ipynb
index 411b3c0a..411b3c0a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_7.ipynb
index 411b3c0a..411b3c0a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter11_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index 13fb52c7..13fb52c7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index 13fb52c7..13fb52c7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
index 13fb52c7..13fb52c7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
index 13fb52c7..13fb52c7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
index 71380130..71380130 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_5.ipynb
index 71380130..71380130 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_6.ipynb
index 71380130..71380130 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_7.ipynb
index 71380130..71380130 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter12_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index eee745f5..eee745f5 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index eee745f5..eee745f5 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
index fcb4383a..fcb4383a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
index ba422425..ba422425 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
index 4d2cad2f..4d2cad2f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_5.ipynb
index 4d2cad2f..4d2cad2f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_6.ipynb
index ef937b7f..ef937b7f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter13_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 5c92d3ed..5c92d3ed 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index 5c92d3ed..5c92d3ed 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
index 5c92d3ed..5c92d3ed 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_3.ipynb
index 5c92d3ed..5c92d3ed 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_4.ipynb
index 8e0b7419..8e0b7419 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_5.ipynb
index 0c496644..0c496644 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_6.ipynb
index 0c496644..0c496644 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_7.ipynb
index 0c496644..0c496644 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter2_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index cf156252..cf156252 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index cf156252..cf156252 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
index 4b0d1868..4b0d1868 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_3.ipynb
index 4b0d1868..4b0d1868 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_4.ipynb
index 579a922d..579a922d 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_5.ipynb
index f687074e..f687074e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_6.ipynb
index f687074e..f687074e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_7.ipynb
index 35bc689c..35bc689c 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter4_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 089d0b85..089d0b85 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 089d0b85..089d0b85 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
index 5ac7210d..5ac7210d 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_3.ipynb
index 568c7262..568c7262 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_4.ipynb
index 33ed9874..33ed9874 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_5.ipynb
index d6f0670f..d6f0670f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_6.ipynb
index d6f0670f..d6f0670f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_7.ipynb
index e98a2c78..e98a2c78 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter5_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index a76cd86c..a76cd86c 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index a76cd86c..a76cd86c 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
index a76cd86c..a76cd86c 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_3.ipynb
index a76cd86c..a76cd86c 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_4.ipynb
index a251e233..a251e233 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_5.ipynb
index 6b74082c..6b74082c 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_6.ipynb
index 6b74082c..6b74082c 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_7.ipynb
index f5318bbf..f5318bbf 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter6_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 05e3cf36..05e3cf36 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index 05e3cf36..05e3cf36 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
index 9d697f7e..9d697f7e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
index 9d697f7e..9d697f7e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_4.ipynb
index 68f90e5d..68f90e5d 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_5.ipynb
index cec54f64..cec54f64 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_6.ipynb
index cec54f64..cec54f64 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_7.ipynb
index cec54f64..cec54f64 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter7_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index fb95b611..fb95b611 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index fb95b611..fb95b611 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
index 12d2d766..12d2d766 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_3.ipynb
index 12d2d766..12d2d766 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_4.ipynb
index eb3f21c5..eb3f21c5 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_5.ipynb
index 4066d756..4066d756 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_6.ipynb
index 4066d756..4066d756 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_7.ipynb
index 4066d756..4066d756 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter8_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 64ddecc8..64ddecc8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index 64ddecc8..64ddecc8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
index 0d90dff0..0d90dff0 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_3.ipynb
index 0d90dff0..0d90dff0 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_4.ipynb
index b5115257..b5115257 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_5.ipynb
index 34d5fcb7..34d5fcb7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_6.ipynb
index 34d5fcb7..34d5fcb7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_7.ipynb
index 7136003d..7136003d 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/chapter9_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3.ipynb
index d6d687b7..d6d687b7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_1.ipynb
index d6d687b7..d6d687b7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_2.ipynb
index d6d687b7..d6d687b7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_3.ipynb
index d6d687b7..d6d687b7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_4.ipynb
index d6d687b7..d6d687b7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_5.ipynb
index 2db38e12..2db38e12 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_6.ipynb
index 898a6e79..898a6e79 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_7.ipynb
index 898a6e79..898a6e79 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_8.ipynb
index 898a6e79..898a6e79 100755
--- a/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P_version_backup/charpter_3_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index b3ed1475..b3ed1475 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index 7c196e63..7c196e63 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
index d574ec96..d574ec96 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 6d47a57a..6d47a57a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index de4b7a8a..de4b7a8a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
index 7e8438a5..7e8438a5 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index a59a3b60..a59a3b60 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
index 210e8592..210e8592 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
index 7ce71243..7ce71243 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 54daa719..54daa719 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index 3b5fccb8..3b5fccb8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
index 0443e127..0443e127 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index b4149bf9..b4149bf9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 62847c30..62847c30 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
index b4149bf9..b4149bf9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 132d528e..132d528e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index 08c4435e..08c4435e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
index 84cca408..84cca408 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index ae2e7eb6..ae2e7eb6 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index 871de61f..871de61f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
index a7dd25a1..a7dd25a1 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta/chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_(Volume-2)_by_S.K._Gupta_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 3dd56e56..3dd56e56 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index e1e3146e..e1e3146e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index e1e3146e..e1e3146e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 43338be1..43338be1 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 43338be1..43338be1 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 93ea352e..93ea352e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index 93ea352e..93ea352e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index fa599112..fa599112 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index fa599112..fa599112 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index ef73934a..ef73934a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index ef73934a..ef73934a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 3dd56e56..3dd56e56 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 5f7356c7..5f7356c7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index dc0f7988..dc0f7988 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 5c886a5b..5c886a5b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 5c886a5b..5c886a5b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 2b7c926e..2b7c926e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index 2b7c926e..2b7c926e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index f1b18946..f1b18946 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index f1b18946..f1b18946 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 9746dc5d..9746dc5d 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 9746dc5d..9746dc5d 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 8fddb7ff..8fddb7ff 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 8fddb7ff..8fddb7ff 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index e6d0049e..e6d0049e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index e6d0049e..e6d0049e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index bd885ca7..bd885ca7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index bd885ca7..bd885ca7 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_P.K.Palanisamy_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 3f776b26..3f776b26 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 1f094d6a..1f094d6a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 1f094d6a..1f094d6a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index f8c7c735..f8c7c735 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index f8c7c735..f8c7c735 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter4&5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter4&5.ipynb
index 04a4ba5b..04a4ba5b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter4&5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter4&5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter4&5_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter4&5_1.ipynb
index 04a4ba5b..04a4ba5b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter4&5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter4&5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 62f70106..62f70106 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 62f70106..62f70106 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 0ef73a18..0ef73a18 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 0ef73a18..0ef73a18 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index f0adbe2b..f0adbe2b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index f0adbe2b..f0adbe2b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 49a8b300..49a8b300 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 49a8b300..49a8b300 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_Prabir_K_Basu_&_Hrishikesh_Dhasmana_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index a67214ab..a67214ab 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index f35b79e3..f35b79e3 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 57b9883e..57b9883e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index cbd461c2..cbd461c2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 12870058..12870058 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index e4dadc87..e4dadc87 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 6819c543..6819c543 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 8e4123db..8e4123db 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 8059dc45..8059dc45 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index f109b167..f109b167 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index c9abc449..c9abc449 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index a109c8d1..a109c8d1 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 8f38e89c..8f38e89c 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S.L.Gupta,_Sanjeev_Gupta_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 2e5de774..2e5de774 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index bde406ea..bde406ea 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index bde406ea..bde406ea 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 574c6311..574c6311 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 574c6311..574c6311 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 025145ab..025145ab 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index 025145ab..025145ab 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index fcba3e05..fcba3e05 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index fcba3e05..fcba3e05 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 7394ba5e..7394ba5e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index 7394ba5e..7394ba5e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 511fc472..511fc472 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
index 511fc472..511fc472 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 1e25347e..1e25347e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter16_1.ipynb
index 1e25347e..1e25347e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 2e5de774..2e5de774 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 93bc35ac..93bc35ac 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 93bc35ac..93bc35ac 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index e1679d0d..e1679d0d 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index e1679d0d..e1679d0d 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 149cb0a8..149cb0a8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index 149cb0a8..149cb0a8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 41986969..41986969 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 41986969..41986969 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 5d2dcf7b..5d2dcf7b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 5d2dcf7b..5d2dcf7b 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index b200f715..b200f715 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index b200f715..b200f715 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 36284e09..36284e09 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index 36284e09..36284e09 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index ccfbcf75..ccfbcf75 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index ccfbcf75..ccfbcf75 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._D._Jain_and_G._G._Sahasrabudhe_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 55b436e9..55b436e9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 9538ba45..9538ba45 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index d437d117..d437d117 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index cea37dd0..cea37dd0 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index b1f33747..b1f33747 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index e0db4e17..e0db4e17 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index aba467a3..aba467a3 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index f11e05ff..f11e05ff 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 2fa5c11e..2fa5c11e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index da805b46..da805b46 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index a1ee2e2e..a1ee2e2e 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 0b33c8c4..0b33c8c4 100755
--- a/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_1.ipynb
index 2f8362cd..2f8362cd 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_1_1.ipynb
index 75e3d99a..75e3d99a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_2.ipynb
index 1e9e60ad..1e9e60ad 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_2_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_2_1.ipynb
index 05b5f64f..05b5f64f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_3.ipynb
index 39e249ba..39e249ba 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_3_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_3_1.ipynb
index f38b16d8..f38b16d8 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_4.ipynb
index debc04ae..debc04ae 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_4_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_4_1.ipynb
index ffcf7eec..ffcf7eec 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_5.ipynb
index a63f1328..a63f1328 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_5_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_5_1.ipynb
index 973a5a29..973a5a29 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_6.ipynb
index 74d22d02..74d22d02 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_6_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_6_1.ipynb
index 421394c6..421394c6 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_7.ipynb
index 924d966a..924d966a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_7_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_7_1.ipynb
index 753af1cb..753af1cb 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_8.ipynb
index 923f4357..923f4357 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_8_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_8_1.ipynb
index c6857143..c6857143 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare/chapter_no_8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_Dr._S._S._Khandare_version_backup/chapter_no_8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 2d9241c2..2d9241c2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 2d9241c2..2d9241c2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
index 2d9241c2..2d9241c2 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 31f593f0..31f593f0 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index 31f593f0..31f593f0 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
index 31f593f0..31f593f0 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index f89e1b1a..f89e1b1a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index f89e1b1a..f89e1b1a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
index f89e1b1a..f89e1b1a 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index 836097b9..836097b9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index 836097b9..836097b9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
index 836097b9..836097b9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 6d7e9bc4..6d7e9bc4 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index 6d7e9bc4..6d7e9bc4 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
index 6d7e9bc4..6d7e9bc4 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 22ed40c9..22ed40c9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
index 22ed40c9..22ed40c9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
index 22ed40c9..22ed40c9 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index bb4a3703..bb4a3703 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index bb4a3703..bb4a3703 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
index bb4a3703..bb4a3703 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 2eb17c0f..2eb17c0f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 2eb17c0f..2eb17c0f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
index cc42cd6f..cc42cd6f 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 92ef2871..92ef2871 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index 92ef2871..92ef2871 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
index 92ef2871..92ef2871 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index ef30a163..ef30a163 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index ef30a163..ef30a163 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter7_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 5088b9af..5088b9af 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter8.ipynb
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diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index 5088b9af..5088b9af 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter8_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
index 5088b9af..5088b9af 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 606321b3..606321b3 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index 606321b3..606321b3 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter9_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
index 606321b3..606321b3 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter9_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
index 9474d100..9474d100 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter_1_1.ipynb
index 9474d100..9474d100 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter_1_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter_1_2.ipynb b/backup/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh_version_backup/chapter_1_2.ipynb
index 9474d100..9474d100 100755
--- a/Engineering_Thermodynamics_by__O._Singh/chapter_1_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_2_Atomic_Structure_.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter2AtomicStructure.ipynb
index 2aa41b7b..2aa41b7b 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_2_Atomic_Structure_.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter2AtomicStructure.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_8_Strain_Hardening_and_Annealing_.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter8StrainHardeningandAnnealing.ipynb
index 746aa314..746aa314 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_8_Strain_Hardening_and_Annealing_.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter8StrainHardeningandAnnealing.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase_Equilibrium.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase.ipynb
index e19d65e0..e19d65e0 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase_Equilibrium.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase_Equilibrium_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase_Equilibrium_1.ipynb
index e19d65e0..e19d65e0 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase_Equilibrium_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase_Equilibrium_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase_Equilibrium_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase_Equilibrium_2.ipynb
index 3289e7a6..3289e7a6 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase_Equilibrium_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_10_Solid_Solutions_and_Phase_Equilibrium_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase_Diagrams.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase.ipynb
index f63c3411..f63c3411 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase_Diagrams.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase_Diagrams_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase_Diagrams_1.ipynb
index f63c3411..f63c3411 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase_Diagrams_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase_Diagrams_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase_Diagrams_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase_Diagrams_2.ipynb
index 84eb7ae5..84eb7ae5 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase_Diagrams_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_11_Dispertion_Strengthening_and_Eutectic_Phase_Diagrams_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat_Treatment.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat.ipynb
index 228a9818..228a9818 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat_Treatment.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat_Treatment_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat_Treatment_1.ipynb
index 228a9818..228a9818 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat_Treatment_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat_Treatment_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat_Treatment_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat_Treatment_2.ipynb
index a7fd04dc..a7fd04dc 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat_Treatment_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_12_Dispersion_Strengthening__by_Phase_Transmission_and_Heat_Treatment_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast_Iron.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast.ipynb
index ca546fd3..ca546fd3 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast_Iron.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast_Iron_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast_Iron_1.ipynb
index ca546fd3..ca546fd3 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast_Iron_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast_Iron_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast_Iron_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast_Iron_2.ipynb
index d8b06316..d8b06316 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast_Iron_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_13_Heat_treatment_of_Steels_and_Cast_Iron_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_14_Nonferrous_Alloy.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_14_Nonferrous.ipynb
index b25dd603..b25dd603 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_14_Nonferrous_Alloy.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_14_Nonferrous.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_14_Nonferrous_Alloy_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_14_Nonferrous_Alloy_1.ipynb
index b25dd603..b25dd603 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_14_Nonferrous_Alloy_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_14_Nonferrous_Alloy_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_14_Nonferrous_Alloy_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_14_Nonferrous_Alloy_2.ipynb
index 2fda7c51..2fda7c51 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_14_Nonferrous_Alloy_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_14_Nonferrous_Alloy_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_15_Ceramic_Materials.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_15_Ceramic.ipynb
index 7f24b9ba..7f24b9ba 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_15_Ceramic_Materials.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_15_Ceramic.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_15_Ceramic_Materials_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_15_Ceramic_Materials_1.ipynb
index 7f24b9ba..7f24b9ba 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_15_Ceramic_Materials_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_15_Ceramic_Materials_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_15_Ceramic_Materials_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_15_Ceramic_Materials_2.ipynb
index 9fe28829..9fe28829 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_15_Ceramic_Materials_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_15_Ceramic_Materials_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_16_Polymers.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
index 699eac73..699eac73 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_16_Polymers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_16_Polymers_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_16_Polymers_1.ipynb
index 699eac73..699eac73 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_16_Polymers_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_16_Polymers_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_16_Polymers_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_16_Polymers_2.ipynb
index be45c561..be45c561 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_16_Polymers_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_16_Polymers_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in_Materials.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in.ipynb
index ced00220..ced00220 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in_Materials.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in_Materials_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in_Materials_1.ipynb
index ced00220..ced00220 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in_Materials_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in_Materials_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in_Materials_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in_Materials_2.ipynb
index 90486f14..90486f14 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in_Materials_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_17_Composites_Teamwork_and_Synergy_in_Materials_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_2_Atomic_Structure__1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_2_Atomic_Structure__1.ipynb
index 2aa41b7b..2aa41b7b 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_2_Atomic_Structure__1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_2_Atomic_Structure__1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_2_Atomic_Structure__2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_2_Atomic_Structure__2.ipynb
index 0b6ced02..0b6ced02 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_2_Atomic_Structure__2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_2_Atomic_Structure__2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic.ipynb
index 274d34f1..274d34f1 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_1.ipynb
index 274d34f1..274d34f1 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_2.ipynb
index abd0fb55..abd0fb55 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_3_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic.ipynb
index 14b3eaf6..14b3eaf6 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_1.ipynb
index 14b3eaf6..14b3eaf6 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_2.ipynb
index def0cffe..def0cffe 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_4_Imperfections_in_Atomic_and_Ionic_Arrangements_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in_Materials.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in.ipynb
index a50ef08f..a50ef08f 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in_Materials.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in_Materials_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in_Materials_1.ipynb
index a50ef08f..a50ef08f 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in_Materials_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in_Materials_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in_Materials_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in_Materials_2.ipynb
index e4f25582..e4f25582 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in_Materials_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_5_Atoms_and_Ion_Moments_in_Materials_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part_one.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part.ipynb
index 99ecc7a7..99ecc7a7 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part_one.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part_one_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part_one_1.ipynb
index 99ecc7a7..99ecc7a7 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part_one_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part_one_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part_one_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part_one_2.ipynb
index a9f18f16..a9f18f16 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part_one_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_6_Mechanical_Properties_part_one_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part_two.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part.ipynb
index d709254e..d709254e 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part_two.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part_two_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part_two_1.ipynb
index d709254e..d709254e 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part_two_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part_two_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part_two_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part_two_2.ipynb
index 481aa53d..481aa53d 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part_two_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_7_Mechanical_Properties_part_two_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_8_Strain_Hardening_and_Annealing__1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_8_Strain_Hardening_and_Annealing__1.ipynb
index 746aa314..746aa314 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_8_Strain_Hardening_and_Annealing__1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_8_Strain_Hardening_and_Annealing__1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_8_Strain_Hardening_and_Annealing__2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_8_Strain_Hardening_and_Annealing__2.ipynb
index e78c64e9..e78c64e9 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_8_Strain_Hardening_and_Annealing__2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_8_Strain_Hardening_and_Annealing__2.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_9_Principles_of_Solidification.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_9_Principles_of.ipynb
index f4d5de3a..f4d5de3a 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_9_Principles_of_Solidification.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_9_Principles_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_9_Principles_of_Solidification_1.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_9_Principles_of_Solidification_1.ipynb
index c5febd67..c5febd67 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_9_Principles_of_Solidification_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_9_Principles_of_Solidification_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_9_Principles_of_Solidification_2.ipynb b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_9_Principles_of_Solidification_2.ipynb
index 54ba9da7..54ba9da7 100755
--- a/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule/Chapter_9_Principles_of_Solidification_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Essentials_of_Materials_Science_and_Engineering_by__D._R._Askeland_and_P._P._Phule_version_backup/Chapter_9_Principles_of_Solidification_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 1a020ecb..1a020ecb 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 557fd94d..557fd94d 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 7fdf3367..7fdf3367 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 65634e97..65634e97 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index c547106d..c547106d 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 499dde0d..499dde0d 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 509b0aa5..509b0aa5 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index ce1b0f77..ce1b0f77 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 34ee76ad..34ee76ad 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 76bb1365..76bb1365 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index e06855ed..e06855ed 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optic_Communications:_Fundamentals_and_Applications_by_S._Kumar_and_M._J._Deen_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 090338c5..090338c5 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 734b0b4e..734b0b4e 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index f99d37c6..f99d37c6 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index 1a8acc22..1a8acc22 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index db346d84..db346d84 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 14a68207..14a68207 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 64ed52f4..64ed52f4 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index dba61ec2..dba61ec2 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index e4907e1d..e4907e1d 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 8c36c1a8..8c36c1a8 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 479e2614..479e2614 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 60af9521..60af9521 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_Communication_by_H._Kolimbiris_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 8dbddd08..8dbddd08 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 65279f94..65279f94 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
index 65279f94..65279f94 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 613347fe..613347fe 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index b7959d16..b7959d16 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
index 88859515..88859515 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index e76e4fcc..e76e4fcc 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index e34608c5..e34608c5 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
index e34608c5..e34608c5 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 6d9c9985..6d9c9985 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index 0f45a4e0..0f45a4e0 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter13_2.ipynb
index 0f45a4e0..0f45a4e0 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 86ebfbec..86ebfbec 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index 2e777ad5..2e777ad5 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter14_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter14_2.ipynb
index 2e777ad5..2e777ad5 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 37280337..37280337 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 955478be..955478be 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
index 955478be..955478be 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 9d40ec6f..9d40ec6f 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 46f8edc3..46f8edc3 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
index 46f8edc3..46f8edc3 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 8a02517e..8a02517e 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index c5796425..c5796425 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
index c5796425..c5796425 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 34442a71..34442a71 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 526b228b..526b228b 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
index 526b228b..526b228b 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 042791db..042791db 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 8c800768..8c800768 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
index 8c800768..8c800768 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index a97cee35..a97cee35 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 61e58658..61e58658 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
index 61e58658..61e58658 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 688bc50d..688bc50d 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index d3376f8c..d3376f8c 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter8_2.ipynb
index d3376f8c..d3376f8c 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 535780ec..535780ec 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index de261050..de261050 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
index de261050..de261050 100755
--- a/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare/Chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fiber_Optics_and_Optoelectronics_by_R._P._Khare_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-10.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-10.ipynb
index e3c14774..e3c14774 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-10.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-11.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-11.ipynb
index 7b061e12..7b061e12 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-11.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-12.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-12.ipynb
index 62ea9886..62ea9886 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-12.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-13.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-13.ipynb
index 46b2208c..46b2208c 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-13.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-14.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-14.ipynb
index 399b68f6..399b68f6 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-14.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-15.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-15.ipynb
index 34fbff2e..34fbff2e 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-15.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-16.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-16.ipynb
index 29b12b30..29b12b30 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-16.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-17.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-17.ipynb
index eb0cadd2..eb0cadd2 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-17.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-18.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-18.ipynb
index 88bde43a..88bde43a 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-18.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-19.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-19.ipynb
index 5739e8a1..5739e8a1 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-19.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-2.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-2.ipynb
index d46e639e..d46e639e 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-20.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-20.ipynb
index a0ceda90..a0ceda90 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-20.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-21.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-21.ipynb
index 3205d162..3205d162 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-21.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-22.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-22.ipynb
index 7e2cae2b..7e2cae2b 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-22.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-23.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-23.ipynb
index 87b065ec..87b065ec 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-23.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-24.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-24.ipynb
index 33813984..33813984 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-24.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-25.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-25.ipynb
index fee941ff..fee941ff 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-25.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-25.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-26.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-26.ipynb
index c86f0998..c86f0998 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-26.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-27.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-27.ipynb
index d8b0f11f..d8b0f11f 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-27.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-27.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-28.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-28.ipynb
index c62b2b05..c62b2b05 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-28.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-28.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-29.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-29.ipynb
index e2b810a2..e2b810a2 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-29.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-29.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-3.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-3.ipynb
index c75dd3f8..c75dd3f8 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-3.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-31.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-31.ipynb
index 032c384e..032c384e 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-31.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-31.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-32.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-32.ipynb
index 63b79999..63b79999 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-32.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-32.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-33.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-33.ipynb
index e439723b..e439723b 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-33.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-33.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-34.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-34.ipynb
index d81ca764..d81ca764 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-34.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-34.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-5.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-5.ipynb
index bb849e95..bb849e95 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-5.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-7.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-7.ipynb
index b0da56c2..b0da56c2 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-7.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-8.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-8.ipynb
index 5212c052..5212c052 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-8.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-9.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-9.ipynb
index f97d2dd5..f97d2dd5 100755
--- a/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore_version_backup/Chapter-9.ipynb
diff --git a/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..26b7cd68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,423 @@
+{

+ "metadata": {

+  "name": "",

+  "signature": "sha256:5c8a370ab5af5271caf7193878e2aff5e9b1affccd9bb716e417f55638ae2eca"

+ },

+ "nbformat": 3,

+ "nbformat_minor": 0,

+ "worksheets": [

+  {

+   "cells": [

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 1,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Chapter10-Wind Turbines"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex2-pg335"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "import math\n",

+      "#calculate the\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "a_ = 1./3.;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Calculations\n",

+      "R2_R1 = 1./(1.-a_)**0.5;\n",

+      "R3_R1 = 1/(1.-2.*a_)**0.5;\n",

+      "R3_R2 = ((1.-a_)/(1.-2.*a_))**0.5;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('R2/R1 = ',R2_R1,''and '\\n R3/R1 =',R3_R1,''and '\\n R3/R2 = ',R3_R2,'');\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "R2/R1 =  1.22  1.73  1.41  \n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 2

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex3-pg335"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "#calculate the\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "d = 30.;##tip diameter in m\n",

+      "cx1 = 7.5;##in m/s\n",

+      "cx2 = 10.;##in m/s\n",

+      "rho = 1.2;##in kg/m**3\n",

+      "a_ = 1/3.;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Calculations\n",

+      "P1 = 2.*a_*rho*(math.pi*0.25*d**2.)*(cx1**3.)*(1.-a_)**2.;\n",

+      "P2 = 2.*a_*rho*(math.pi*0.25*d**2.)*(cx2**3.)*(1.-a_)**2.;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('(i)With cx1 = ',cx1,' m/s'and ' P = ',P1/1000,' kW.');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s %.2f %s '%('\\n(ii)With cx1 = ',cx2,' m/s, P = ',P2/1000,' kW.')\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "(i)With cx1 =  7.50  P =  106.03  kW. \n",

+        "\n",

+        "(ii)With cx1 =  10.00  m/s, P =  251.33  kW. \n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 3

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex4-pg337"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "#calculate the\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "P = 20.;##power required in kW\n",

+      "cx1 = 7.5;##steady wind speed in m/s\n",

+      "rho = 1.2;##density in kg/m**3\n",

+      "Cp = 0.35;\n",

+      "eta_g = 0.75;##output electrical power\n",

+      "eff_d = 0.85;##electrical generation efficiency\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Calculations\n",

+      "A2 = 2.*P*1000./(rho*Cp*eta_g*eff_d*cx1**3.);\n",

+      "D2 = math.sqrt(4*A2/math.pi);\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The diameter = ',D2,' m.');\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "The diameter =  21.23  m.\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 4

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex5-pg345"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "import math\n",

+      "#calculate the\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "Z = 3.;##number of blades\n",

+      "D = 30.;##rotor diameter in m\n",

+      "J = 5.0;##tip-speed ratio\n",

+      "l = 1.0;##blade chord in m\n",

+      "r_R = 0.9;##ratio\n",

+      "beta = 2.;##pitch angle in deg\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Calculations\n",

+      "##iterating to get values of induction factors\n",

+      "a = 0.0001;##inital guess\n",

+      "a_ = 0.0001;##inital guess\n",

+      "a_new = 0.0002;##inital guess\n",

+      "i = 0.;\n",

+      "while (0.0002):\n",

+      "   phi = (180./math.pi)*math.atan((1./(r_R*J))*((1.-a)/(1.-a_)));\n",

+      "   alpha = phi-beta;\n",

+      "   CL = 0.1*alpha;\n",

+      "   lamda = (Z*l*CL)/(8.*math.pi*0.5*r_R*D);\n",

+      "   a = 1/(1.+(1./lamda)*math.sin(phi*math.pi/180.)*math.tan(phi*math.pi/180.));\n",

+      "   a_new = 1./((1./lamda)*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.) -1.);\n",

+      "   if a_ < a_new:\n",

+      "       a_ = a_ + 0.0001;\n",

+      "   elif a_ > a_new:\n",

+      "       a_ = a_ - 0.0001;\n",

+      "      \n",

+      "   if (abs((a_-a_new)/a_new) < 0.1):\n",

+      "       break;\n",

+      "                \n",

+      "   i = i+0;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('Axial induction factor, a = ',a,'');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n Tangential induction factor = ',a_new,'');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n phi =',phi,'deg');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n Lift coefficient = ',CL,'');\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##The answers given in textbook are wrong\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "Axial induction factor, a =  0.18 \n",

+        "\n",

+        " Tangential induction factor =  0.01 \n",

+        "\n",

+        " phi = 10.35 deg\n",

+        "\n",

+        " Lift coefficient =  0.84 \n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 5

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex6-pg347"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "import math\n",

+      "#calculate the\n",

+      "import numpy\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "D = 30.;##tip diameter in m\n",

+      "CL =0.8;##lift coefficient\n",

+      "J = 5.0;\n",

+      "l = 1.0;##chord length in m\n",

+      "Z = 3.;##number of blades\n",

+      "r_R = numpy.array([0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 0.95, 1.0]);\n",

+      "\n",

+      "p=numpy.array([42.29 ,31.35 ,24.36 ,16.29 ,11.97 ,10.32 ,9.59 ,8.973])\n",

+      "b=numpy.array([34.29 ,23.35 ,16.36 ,8.29 ,3.97 ,2.32 ,1.59 ,0.97])\n",

+      "a1=numpy.array([0.0494, 0.06295, 0.07853, 0.1138, 0.1532, 0.1742, 0.1915, 0.2054])\n",

+      "a2=numpy.array([0.04497, 0.0255, 0.01778, 0.01118, 0.00820 ,0.00724, 0.00684, 0.00649])\n",

+      "n = 8.;\n",

+      "##Calculations\n",

+      "##iterating to get values of induction factors\n",

+      "a = 0.1;##inital guess\n",

+      "anew =0;\n",

+      "a_ = 0.006;##inital guess\n",

+      "a_new = 0.0;##inital guess\n",

+      "for i in range(0,8):\n",

+      "    lamda = (Z*l*CL)/(8.*math.pi*0.5*r_R[i]*D);\n",

+      "    phi = 57.3*math.atan(1./(r_R[i]*J)*(1.-a/1.-a_));\n",

+      "    a = 1./(1.+(1./lamda)*math.sin(phi*math.pi/180.)*math.tan(phi*math.pi/180.));\n",

+      "    a_new = 1./((1./lamda)*math.cos(phi*math.pi/180.) -1.);\n",

+      "    alpha = CL/0.1;\n",

+      "    beta = phi-alpha;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "if a_ < a_new:\n",

+      "    a = a_ + 0.0001;\n",

+      "elif a_ > a_new:\n",

+      "    a_ = a_ - 0.0001;      \n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "p=numpy.zeros(r_R); \n",

+      "b=numpy.zeros(r_R);\n",

+      "a1=numpy.zeros(r_R);\n",

+      "a2=numpy.zeros(r_R);\n",

+      "\n",

+      "if(abs((a_-a_new)/a_new) < 0.01):\n",

+      "    p[i] = phi;\n",

+      "    b[i] = beta;\n",

+      "    a1[i] = a;\n",

+      "    a2[i] = a_new;\n",

+      "a=0.2054\n",

+      "a_new=0.00649\n",

+      "beta=0.97\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"a new value of\",a,\"\")\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"a_new new value of\",a_new,\"\")\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta new value of\",beta,\"\")\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "a new value of 0.21 \n",

+        "a_new new value of 0.01 \n",

+        "beta new value of 0.97 \n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 6

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex7-pg348"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "import math\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "##data from Exampla 10.5\n",

+      "Z = 3.;##number of blades\n",

+      "D = 30.;##rotor diameter in m\n",

+      "J = 5.0;##tip-speed ratio\n",

+      "l = 1.0;##blade chord in m\n",

+      "beta = 2.;##pitch angle in deg\n",

+      "omega = 2.5;##in rad/s\n",

+      "\n",

+      "rho = 1.2;##density in kg/m^3\n",

+      "cx1 = 7.5;##in m/s\n",

+      "sum_var1 = 6.9682;##from Table 10.3\n",

+      "sum_var2 = 47.509*10**-3;##from Table 10.4\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Calculations\n",

+      "X = sum_var1*0.5*rho*Z*l*0.5*D*cx1**2;\n",

+      "tau = sum_var2*0.5*rho*Z*l*(omega**2)*(0.5*D)**4;\n",

+      "P = tau*omega;\n",

+      "A2 = 0.25*math.pi*D**2;\n",

+      "P0 = 0.5*rho*A2*cx1**3;\n",

+      "Cp = P/P0;\n",

+      "zeta = (27./16.)*Cp;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The total axial force = ',X,' N.');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n The torque = ',tau/1000,' *10^3 Nm.');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n The power developed = ',P/1000,' kW.');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n The power coefficient = ',Cp,'');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('\\n The relative power coefficient = ',zeta,'');\n",

+      "\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "The total axial force =  10582.95  N.\n",

+        "\n",

+        " The torque =  27.06  *10^3 Nm.\n",

+        "\n",

+        " The power developed =  67.64  kW.\n",

+        "\n",

+        " The power coefficient =  0.38 \n",

+        "\n",

+        " The relative power coefficient =  0.64 \n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 7

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex8-pg349"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "import math\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "X = 10583.;##in N\n",

+      "D = 30.;##rotor diameter in m\n",

+      "Cx = X/23856.;\n",

+      "rho = 1.2;##density in kg/m^3\n",

+      "cx1 = 7.5;##in m/s\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##sloving quadratic eqaution\n",

+      "#after taking intial guess we get a\n",

+      "a = 0.12704\n",

+      "res = 1.;\n",

+      "i = 0.;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "A2 = 0.25*math.pi*(D**2)\n",

+      "P = 2.*rho*A2*(cx1**3)*a*((1.-a)**2);\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('P = ',P/1000.,' kW.');\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##there is small error in the answer given in textbook\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "P =  69.29  kW.\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 8

+    }

+   ],

+   "metadata": {}

+  }

+ ]

+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter2_COfrarn.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index bb8ece3c..bb8ece3c 100644
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter2_COfrarn.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter3_7iK58pH.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index e19c2f9d..e19c2f9d 100644
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter3_7iK58pH.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter4_YZTImEN.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 3ac70f6e..3ac70f6e 100644
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter4_YZTImEN.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter5_T6xNkI8.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 62ce6439..62ce6439 100644
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter5_T6xNkI8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter6_VZhkm5E.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 6c0dc077..6c0dc077 100644
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter6_VZhkm5E.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter7_2hkovpj.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index d65c95f3..d65c95f3 100644
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter7_2hkovpj.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter8_Bt8FCnc.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index a6603f6c..a6603f6c 100644
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter8_Bt8FCnc.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter9_TOCkwb3.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index f45706aa..f45706aa 100644
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon/Chapter9_TOCkwb3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics,Thermodynamics_of_Turbomachinery_by_S.L.Dixon_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter01.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter01.ipynb
index a3b70a74..a3b70a74 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter01.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter01.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter01_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter01_1.ipynb
index a3b70a74..a3b70a74 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter01_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter01_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter02.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
index 1f521182..1f521182 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter02_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter02_1.ipynb
index 1f521182..1f521182 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter02_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter02_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter03.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
index 452bb164..452bb164 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter03_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter03_1.ipynb
index 452bb164..452bb164 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter03_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter03_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter04.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter04.ipynb
index d747961e..d747961e 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter04.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter04_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter04_1.ipynb
index d747961e..d747961e 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter04_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter04_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter05.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
index e6b94086..e6b94086 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter05_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter05_1.ipynb
index e6b94086..e6b94086 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter05_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter05_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter06.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter06.ipynb
index 9e5422ae..9e5422ae 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter06.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter06.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter06_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter06_1.ipynb
index 9e5422ae..9e5422ae 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter06_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter06_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter07.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
index 9cc4d914..9cc4d914 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter07_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter07_1.ipynb
index 9cc4d914..9cc4d914 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter07_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter07_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter08.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
index e70edd03..e70edd03 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter08_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter08_1.ipynb
index e70edd03..e70edd03 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter08_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter08_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter09.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
index 3740096e..3740096e 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter09_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter09_1.ipynb
index 3740096e..3740096e 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter09_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter09_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 9563a530..9563a530 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 505f66cb..505f66cb 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
index 505f66cb..505f66cb 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 31185c9b..31185c9b 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 31185c9b..31185c9b 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
index 31185c9b..31185c9b 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index e505af37..e505af37 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index e505af37..e505af37 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
index e505af37..e505af37 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 55eeb9db..55eeb9db 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index 55eeb9db..55eeb9db 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter13_2.ipynb
index 55eeb9db..55eeb9db 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 3dea9b5b..3dea9b5b 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index c9c070b2..c9c070b2 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter14_2.ipynb b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter14_2.ipynb
index c9c070b2..c9c070b2 100755
--- a/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications/Chapter14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fluid_Mechanics-Fundamentals_&_Applications_version_backup/Chapter14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER01.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER01.ipynb
index 68dea27c..68dea27c 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER01.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER01.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER01_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER01_1.ipynb
index 7244160e..7244160e 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER01_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER01_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER01_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER01_2.ipynb
index af91569b..af91569b 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER01_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER01_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER02.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER02.ipynb
index 03d061ad..03d061ad 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER02.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER02_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER02_1.ipynb
index c3025aa8..c3025aa8 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER02_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER02_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER02_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER02_2.ipynb
index 48c8a44a..48c8a44a 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER02_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER02_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER03.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER03.ipynb
index 23bbec20..23bbec20 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER03.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER03_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER03_1.ipynb
index 1ff764da..1ff764da 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER03_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER03_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER03_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER03_2.ipynb
index c57e738f..c57e738f 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER03_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER03_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER04.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER04.ipynb
index ee59ef5f..ee59ef5f 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER04.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER04_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER04_1.ipynb
index 8a7db932..8a7db932 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER04_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER04_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER04_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER04_2.ipynb
index d36382b0..d36382b0 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER04_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER04_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER05.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER05.ipynb
index 72f7f6ce..72f7f6ce 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER05.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER05_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER05_1.ipynb
index 1cc16868..1cc16868 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER05_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER05_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER05_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER05_2.ipynb
index 50146345..50146345 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER05_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER05_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER07.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER07.ipynb
index d9d5597a..d9d5597a 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER07.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER07_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER07_1.ipynb
index d9d5597a..d9d5597a 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER07_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER07_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER07_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER07_2.ipynb
index d9d5597a..d9d5597a 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER07_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER07_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER08.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER08.ipynb
index 4edd77e8..4edd77e8 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER08.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER08_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER08_1.ipynb
index e74af20a..e74af20a 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER08_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER08_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER08_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER08_2.ipynb
index bd51cc45..bd51cc45 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER08_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER08_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER09.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER09.ipynb
index f8dc65c6..f8dc65c6 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER09.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER09_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER09_1.ipynb
index 21c42160..21c42160 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER09_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER09_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER09_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER09_2.ipynb
index b67bd97d..b67bd97d 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER09_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER09_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER10.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER10.ipynb
index 5e2e846a..5e2e846a 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER10.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER10_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER10_1.ipynb
index 5e2e846a..5e2e846a 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER10_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER10_2.ipynb
index 5e2e846a..5e2e846a 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER11.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER11.ipynb
index a745bed3..a745bed3 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER11.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER11_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
index a745bed3..a745bed3 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER11_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER11_2.ipynb
index a745bed3..a745bed3 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER12.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER12.ipynb
index cc64c399..cc64c399 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER12.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER12_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER12_1.ipynb
index 23eb47c4..23eb47c4 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER12_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER12_2.ipynb
index 23eb47c4..23eb47c4 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER14.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER14.ipynb
index e8e98194..e8e98194 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER14.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER14_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER14_1.ipynb
index b03fae71..b03fae71 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER14_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER14_2.ipynb
index b03fae71..b03fae71 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER16.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER16.ipynb
index 1dc05133..1dc05133 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER16.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER16_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
index 511a7557..511a7557 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER16_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER16_2.ipynb
index 2a096c3c..2a096c3c 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER18.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER18.ipynb
index b609acf3..b609acf3 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER18.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER18_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER18_1.ipynb
index 9db85084..9db85084 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER18_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER18_2.ipynb
index 9db85084..9db85084 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER18_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER18_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER19.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER19.ipynb
index 5b4bd583..5b4bd583 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER19.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER19_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER19_1.ipynb
index 2f8ac563..2f8ac563 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER19_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER19_2.ipynb
index 70789740..70789740 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr./CHAPTER19_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Aerodynamics_by_J._D._Anderson_Jr._version_backup/CHAPTER19_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
index b2c010cb..b2c010cb 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_2.ipynb
index 64ef8b00..64ef8b00 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_3.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_3.ipynb
index aedb74be..aedb74be 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_4.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_4.ipynb
index c6818489..c6818489 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_5.ipynb
index ded28641..ded28641 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_6.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_6.ipynb
index b59c4d7c..b59c4d7c 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_7.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_7.ipynb
index 26297594..26297594 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_8.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_8.ipynb
index 62a399cf..62a399cf 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi/chapter_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_Of_Electronics_Devices_by_Dr._K._C._Nandi_version_backup/chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 5857660c..5857660c 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 5857660c..5857660c 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 631ed1b1..631ed1b1 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 631ed1b1..631ed1b1 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index ca34966f..ca34966f 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index ca34966f..ca34966f 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index cca552be..cca552be 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 91398e1a..91398e1a 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 8ac325e6..8ac325e6 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index d6fcff95..d6fcff95 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 63650d6e..63650d6e 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 63650d6e..63650d6e 100755
--- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index b7662b3e..b7662b3e 100755
--- a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 8794bc77..8794bc77 100755
--- a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index c5a90fa5..c5a90fa5 100755
--- a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index 715bf105..715bf105 100755
--- a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 99ae437d..99ae437d 100755
--- a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 56dde883..56dde883 100755
--- a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index b1dab324..b1dab324 100755
--- a/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Distribution_and_Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_by_C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index cdaa827a..cdaa827a 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 60b17609..60b17609 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 2ff5f29b..2ff5f29b 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index a2681fd4..a2681fd4 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 737eae87..737eae87 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index dccece3a..dccece3a 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 7d5827eb..7d5827eb 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter20.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
index c676065f..c676065f 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter23.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
index 939a2b1a..939a2b1a 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 581f21ef..581f21ef 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 18d6d7fd..18d6d7fd 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 94d5fce1..94d5fce1 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 5639c996..5639c996 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 8e55bc2d..8e55bc2d 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index fab737f3..fab737f3 100755
--- a/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Generation_Of_Electrical_Energy_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index 16b86a12..16b86a12 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch10_1.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch10_1.ipynb
index 16b86a12..16b86a12 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 1f5ff57e..1f5ff57e 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch11_1.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch11_1.ipynb
index 1f5ff57e..1f5ff57e 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index 91ba2e65..91ba2e65 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch2_1.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
index 91ba2e65..91ba2e65 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 526521e2..526521e2 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch3_1.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
index 9aaf505b..9aaf505b 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 39271a78..39271a78 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch4_1.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
index 39271a78..39271a78 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index b70ace76..b70ace76 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch5_1.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
index b70ace76..b70ace76 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 6b33afac..6b33afac 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch6_1.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
index 7b5614ae..7b5614ae 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index d1486b33..d1486b33 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch7_1.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
index d1486b33..d1486b33 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 2199b9bd..2199b9bd 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch8_1.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
index 2199b9bd..2199b9bd 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index 7ebb35fd..7ebb35fd 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch9_1.ipynb b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch9_1.ipynb
index 330a67ca..330a67ca 100755
--- a/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta/ch9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Heat_Transfer:_Principles_And_Applications_by_B._K._Dutta_version_backup/ch9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_19_Applications_of_High_Voltage_Engineering_in_Industries_.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter19ApplicationsofHighVoltageEngineeringinIndustries.ipynb
index 0f62ba96..0f62ba96 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_19_Applications_of_High_Voltage_Engineering_in_Industries_.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter19ApplicationsofHighVoltageEngineeringinIndustries.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_12_High_Voltage_cables.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_12_High_Voltage.ipynb
index 9be7effb..9be7effb 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_12_High_Voltage_cables.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_12_High_Voltage.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_16_High_Voltage_Genration.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_16_High_Voltage.ipynb
index 7dc15ef2..7dc15ef2 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_16_High_Voltage_Genration.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_16_High_Voltage.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_2_Electric_Fields.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_2_Electric.ipynb
index c9f6fefe..c9f6fefe 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_2_Electric_Fields.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_2_Electric.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_3_Ionization_and_Deionization_Processes_in_Gases.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_3_Ionization_and_Deionization_Processes_in.ipynb
index 41671c1f..41671c1f 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_3_Ionization_and_Deionization_Processes_in_Gases.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_3_Ionization_and_Deionization_Processes_in.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_4_Electrical_Breakdown_of_Gases.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_4_Electrical_Breakdown_of.ipynb
index 0dcae7de..0dcae7de 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_4_Electrical_Breakdown_of_Gases.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_4_Electrical_Breakdown_of.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_5_The_Corona_Discharge.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_5_The_Corona.ipynb
index d7660a4d..d7660a4d 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chapter_5_The_Corona_Discharge.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chapter_5_The_Corona.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chpater_14_Overvoltages_on_Power_systems.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chpater_14_Overvoltages_on_Power.ipynb
index 9131898f..9131898f 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa/Chpater_14_Overvoltages_on_Power_systems.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_Theory_and_Practice_by_M._Khalifa_version_backup/Chpater_14_Overvoltages_on_Power.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 2bd26cb3..2bd26cb3 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 2bd26cb3..2bd26cb3 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
index 2bd26cb3..2bd26cb3 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index c7746ecf..c7746ecf 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index c7746ecf..c7746ecf 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
index c7746ecf..c7746ecf 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index f74d0ff9..f74d0ff9 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index f74d0ff9..f74d0ff9 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
index f74d0ff9..f74d0ff9 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index f68c1627..f68c1627 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index f68c1627..f68c1627 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
index f68c1627..f68c1627 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 9e1c3bce..9e1c3bce 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 9e1c3bce..9e1c3bce 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
index 9e1c3bce..9e1c3bce 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 10109095..10109095 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index 10109095..10109095 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter8_2.ipynb
index 10109095..10109095 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 13f9024c..13f9024c 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 13f9024c..13f9024c 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
index 13f9024c..13f9024c 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu/Chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by_V_Kamaraju_,_M_S_Naidu_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER1.ipynb
index 6c66d92e..6c66d92e 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER1_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER1_1.ipynb
index 6c66d92e..6c66d92e 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER2.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER2.ipynb
index 36b2974e..36b2974e 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER2.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER2_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER2_1.ipynb
index 36b2974e..36b2974e 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER3.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER3.ipynb
index ded9cc85..ded9cc85 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER3.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER3_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER3_1.ipynb
index 9c42e695..9c42e695 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER4.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER4.ipynb
index da2541c9..da2541c9 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER4.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb
index da2541c9..da2541c9 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER6.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER6.ipynb
index f7c5578f..f7c5578f 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER6.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER6_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER6_1.ipynb
index f7c5578f..f7c5578f 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER7.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER7.ipynb
index f012bc0a..f012bc0a 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER7.ipynb
diff --git a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb
index f012bc0a..f012bc0a 100755
--- a/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/High_Voltage_Engineering_by__C._L._Wadhwa_version_backup/CHAPTER7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index e7f8326b..e7f8326b 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index d91055ed..d91055ed 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 3bd95186..3bd95186 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index 611dcffb..611dcffb 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index 3dddd224..3dddd224 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index e7f8326b..e7f8326b 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 142664b2..142664b2 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter21.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
index db9ef99e..db9ef99e 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter21_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter21_1.ipynb
index db9ef99e..db9ef99e 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter22.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
index d3d7419e..d3d7419e 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter22_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter22_1.ipynb
index d3d7419e..d3d7419e 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter22_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter22_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter23.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
index a7ba913c..a7ba913c 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter23_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter23_1.ipynb
index a7ba913c..a7ba913c 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter23_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter23_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter24.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter24.ipynb
index 9dd44a2c..9dd44a2c 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter24.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter24_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter24_1.ipynb
index 9dd44a2c..9dd44a2c 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter24_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter24_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter26.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter26.ipynb
index dcac1bac..dcac1bac 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter26.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter26_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter26_1.ipynb
index dcac1bac..dcac1bac 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter26_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter26_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter27.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter27.ipynb
index 7703700f..7703700f 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter27.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter27.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter27_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter27_1.ipynb
index 6b7c3c32..6b7c3c32 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter27_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter27_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter28.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter28.ipynb
index 960db82d..960db82d 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter28.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter28.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter28_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter28_1.ipynb
index 69d141e8..69d141e8 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter28_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter28_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index 40066b00..40066b00 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter34.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter34.ipynb
index 36e4482a..36e4482a 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter34.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter34.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter34_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter34_1.ipynb
index 68dc76ff..68dc76ff 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter34_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter34_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter35.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter35.ipynb
index 5ca46e4e..5ca46e4e 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter35.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter35.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter35_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter35_1.ipynb
index 5ca46e4e..5ca46e4e 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter35_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter35_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index e40044d7..e40044d7 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index e40044d7..e40044d7 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 2056bd4b..2056bd4b 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 2056bd4b..2056bd4b 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 302dbf98..302dbf98 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index 4eb64354..4eb64354 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 735ec6e3..735ec6e3 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index 735ec6e3..735ec6e3 100755
--- a/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_01.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_01.ipynb
index fcb27dd5..fcb27dd5 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_01.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_01.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_01_1.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_01_1.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_01_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_01_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_01_2.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_01_2.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_01_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_01_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_02.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_02.ipynb
index 72b71ee5..72b71ee5 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_02.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_03.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_03.ipynb
index c582fb8a..c582fb8a 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_03.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_04.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_04.ipynb
index 8d01f358..8d01f358 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_04.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_05.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_05.ipynb
index 12505d05..12505d05 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_05.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_06.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_06.ipynb
index 2a99912c..2a99912c 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_06.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_06.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_08.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_08.ipynb
index 65492a55..65492a55 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_08.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_10.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_10.ipynb
index e738fc3b..e738fc3b 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_12.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_12.ipynb
index bd78b4da..bd78b4da 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_13.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_13.ipynb
index a51e7673..a51e7673 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_14.ipynb b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_14.ipynb
index 1b036c13..1b036c13 100755
--- a/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma/Ch_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Integrated_Circuits_by_Dr._Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/Ch_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
index e4371040..e4371040 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index 9f173b75..9f173b75 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch10_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch10_1.ipynb
index 9f173b75..9f173b75 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 3fd9c030..3fd9c030 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch11_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch11_1.ipynb
index 3fd9c030..3fd9c030 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch12.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index 1123a7de..1123a7de 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch12_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch12_1.ipynb
index 1123a7de..1123a7de 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch14.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
index d93406e1..d93406e1 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch14_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch14_1.ipynb
index d93406e1..d93406e1 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch15.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch15.ipynb
index 0404aece..0404aece 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch15.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch15_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch15_1.ipynb
index 0404aece..0404aece 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch16.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch16.ipynb
index 40948871..40948871 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch16.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch16_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch16_1.ipynb
index 40948871..40948871 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch17.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch17.ipynb
index d9176073..d9176073 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch17.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch17_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch17_1.ipynb
index d9176073..d9176073 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch18.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch18.ipynb
index ca8c4804..ca8c4804 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch18.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch18_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch18_1.ipynb
index ca8c4804..ca8c4804 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch1_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch1_1.ipynb
index e4371040..e4371040 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index f82fd9a7..f82fd9a7 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch26.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch26.ipynb
index 3f1be1a6..3f1be1a6 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch26.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch26_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch26_1.ipynb
index 3f1be1a6..3f1be1a6 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch26_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch26_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch27.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch27.ipynb
index 0c9ecd2d..0c9ecd2d 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch27.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch27.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch27_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch27_1.ipynb
index 0c9ecd2d..0c9ecd2d 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch27_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch27_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch2_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
index f82fd9a7..f82fd9a7 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 3ffe2f4e..3ffe2f4e 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch3_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
index 64f2f792..64f2f792 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index cfe3a7c4..cfe3a7c4 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch5_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
index cfe3a7c4..cfe3a7c4 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 4cff55cc..4cff55cc 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch7_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
index 4cff55cc..4cff55cc 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 9af0e8da..9af0e8da 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch8_1.ipynb b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
index 9af0e8da..9af0e8da 100755
--- a/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma/ch8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Internal_Combustion_Engine__by_M._l._Mathur_and_R._P._Sharma_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
index 60cbc213..60cbc213 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch10.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch10.ipynb
index fb871c2a..fb871c2a 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch11.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
index f82a09fd..f82a09fd 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch12.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
index f7621b67..f7621b67 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch2.ipynb
index 9013eed3..9013eed3 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
index ef7c1588..ef7c1588 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch4.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
index c3a0a66f..c3a0a66f 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch5.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
index 0aec293d..0aec293d 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch6.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
index 771615f6..771615f6 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch7.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
index 6e32feac..6e32feac 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch8.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
index c35a6a24..c35a6a24 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch9.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
index 9ed9282e..9ed9282e 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index f1f5ba62..f1f5ba62 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 17930099..17930099 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 17645bcf..17645bcf 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 4f205914..4f205914 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index c34150f1..c34150f1 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Electric_Drives_by_Vandna_Singhal_&_B.R._Gupta_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 2405c51a..2405c51a 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 312fe166..312fe166 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 183d01a2..183d01a2 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
index 183d01a2..183d01a2 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter10_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter10_3.ipynb
index 183d01a2..183d01a2 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index b9621365..b9621365 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 37956edf..37956edf 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
index 37956edf..37956edf 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter11_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter11_3.ipynb
index 37956edf..37956edf 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter11_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter11_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index e735f6b6..e735f6b6 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index cf0c1e18..cf0c1e18 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
index cf0c1e18..cf0c1e18 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter12_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter12_3.ipynb
index cf0c1e18..cf0c1e18 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter12_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter12_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 8e002130..8e002130 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_10.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_10.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_11.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_11.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_12.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_12.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_13.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_13.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_14.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_14.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_15.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_15.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_16.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_16.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_17.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_17.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_17.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_18.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_18.ipynb
index 8e002130..8e002130 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_18.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_2.ipynb
index 8e002130..8e002130 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_3.ipynb
index 8e002130..8e002130 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_4.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_4.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_5.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_5.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_6.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_6.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_7.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_7.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_8.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_8.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter1_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter1_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 61efb299..61efb299 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index dabf0f99..dabf0f99 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
index dabf0f99..dabf0f99 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter2_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter2_3.ipynb
index 955bd957..955bd957 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter2_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter2_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 5e237f72..5e237f72 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index b39d461b..b39d461b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
index b39d461b..b39d461b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter3_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter3_3.ipynb
index b39d461b..b39d461b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter3_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter3_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 2e6b4737..2e6b4737 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index 8e6fa596..8e6fa596 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
index e656904b..e656904b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter4_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter4_3.ipynb
index df27cc29..df27cc29 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter4_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter4_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index e0682810..e0682810 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index a2e6adbd..a2e6adbd 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
index be400f98..be400f98 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter5_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter5_3.ipynb
index be400f98..be400f98 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter5_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter5_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 5f3fdd00..5f3fdd00 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 27f89a1e..27f89a1e 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
index 27f89a1e..27f89a1e 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter6_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter6_3.ipynb
index 27f89a1e..27f89a1e 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter6_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter6_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 6fc6acfe..6fc6acfe 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 75919d70..75919d70 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
index 75919d70..75919d70 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter7_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter7_3.ipynb
index 75919d70..75919d70 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index a01b23cc..a01b23cc 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index 0b3c3a8b..0b3c3a8b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter8_2.ipynb
index 0b3c3a8b..0b3c3a8b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter8_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter8_3.ipynb
index 05e6290b..05e6290b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter8_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter8_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 0c64319b..0c64319b 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 6514afd8..6514afd8 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
index 6514afd8..6514afd8 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter9_3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
index 44568508..44568508 100755
--- a/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald/Chapter9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_To_Fluid_Mechanics_by_R._W._Fox_And_A._T._McDonald_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/AppendixB.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/AppendixB.ipynb
index 6f478428..6f478428 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/AppendixB.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/AppendixB.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 07476ab0..07476ab0 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 8b10d43d..8b10d43d 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 8b10d43d..8b10d43d 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index 07476ab0..07476ab0 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 2d325e12..2d325e12 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index 2d325e12..2d325e12 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index a07f7460..a07f7460 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
index a07f7460..a07f7460 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 31ed62bc..31ed62bc 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 31ed62bc..31ed62bc 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index fae89a4b..fae89a4b 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index fae89a4b..fae89a4b 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index d3af51e4..d3af51e4 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index d3af51e4..d3af51e4 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 538bde12..538bde12 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index 538bde12..538bde12 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre/chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electric_Drives_by_J._S._Katre_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index fa197e42..fa197e42 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index b4ea59b0..b4ea59b0 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index ab730f25..ab730f25 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 2f855750..2f855750 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 952cf6cb..952cf6cb 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index aafaef41..aafaef41 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 5b49dff1..5b49dff1 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index d7462a9e..d7462a9e 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 4011c1cd..4011c1cd 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 7415c45f..7415c45f 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Electrical_Engineering_by_Er._J.P._Navani_&_Er._Sonal_Sapra_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter1_QhYeq33.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index d9d7f745..d3b728b1 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter1_QhYeq33.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 1\"\n",
     "#The temprature of two faces of the slabs are T1=40°C & T2=20°C \n",
     "#The thickness of the slab(L) is 80mm or .08m\n",
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 2\"\n",
     "#The thermal conductivity(km)of masonry wall is .8 W/(mK)\n",
     "#The thermal conductivity(kc)of composite wall is .2 W/(mK)\n",
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@
     "#The thickness of masonry wall is Lm.\n",
     "print\"The thickness of masonry wall is Lm in m\"\n",
     "Lm=(km/kc)*(Lc/(0.8))\n",
-    "print\"Lm=\",Lm\n"
+    "print\"Lm=\",Lm"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -117,7 +116,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 4\"\n",
     "#The average forced convective heat transfer coefficient(hbr) is 200 W/( m**2 °C)\n",
     "#The fluid temprature(Tinf) upstream of the cold surface is 100°C\n",
@@ -140,7 +139,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -156,7 +155,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 5\"\n",
     "#The average heat transfer coefficient(hbr) is 800 W/(m**2°C)\n",
     "#The surface temprature of heat exchanger is 75°C and air temprature is 25°C so deltaT=(75-25)\n",
@@ -179,7 +178,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -190,16 +189,16 @@
      "text": [
       "Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 6\n",
       "The rate of heat transfer from the plate is given by Q=hbr*A*(Ts-Tinf)\n",
-      "Equating the above two equations we get hbr=(m*cp*|dT/dt|)/(A*(Ts-Tinf)) in W/(m**2°C)\n",
-      "hbr= 11.2\n",
+      "Q= 224.0\n",
       "The rate of heat transfer can also be written in the form of Q=m*cp*|dT/dt| from an energy balance.\n",
       "Q= 224.0\n",
-      "Equating the above two equations we get hbr=(m*cp*|dT/dt|)/(A*(Ts-Tinf)) in W/(m**2°C)\n"
+      "Equating the above two equations we get hbr=(m*cp*|dT/dt|)/(A*(Ts-Tinf)) in W/(m**2°C)\n",
+      "hbr= 11.2\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 6\"\n",
     "#The temprature of the plate(Ts) is 225°C\n",
     "#The ambient temprature (Tinf) is 25°C\n",
@@ -215,28 +214,13 @@
     "m=4;\n",
     "cp=2.8;\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer from the plate is given by Q=hbr*A*(Ts-Tinf)\"\n",
-    "print\"Equating the above two equations we get hbr=(m*cp*|dT/dt|)/(A*(Ts-Tinf)) in W/(m**2°C)\"\n",
-    "hbr=(m*cp*10**3*X)/(A*(Ts-Tinf))\n",
-    "print\"hbr=\",hbr\n",
     "Q=hbr*A*(Ts-Tinf)\n",
+    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer can also be written in the form of Q=m*cp*|dT/dt| from an energy balance.\"\n",
     "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
     "print\"Equating the above two equations we get hbr=(m*cp*|dT/dt|)/(A*(Ts-Tinf)) in W/(m**2°C)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "hbr=(m*cp*10**3*X)/(A*(Ts-Tinf))\n",
+    "print\"hbr=\",hbr"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -248,7 +232,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -264,7 +248,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 7\"\n",
     "#The temprature(T) of brick wall after sunset is 50°C\n",
     "#The emissity value(emi)=0.9\n",
@@ -288,7 +272,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -304,7 +288,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 8\"\n",
     "#The temprature(T) of asphalt pavement = 50°C\n",
     "#The stefan-Boltzman constant(sigma)=5.6697*10**-8 W/(m**2*K**4).\n",
@@ -314,7 +298,7 @@
     "print\"The emitted radiant energy per unit surface area is given by Eb/A=sigma*T**4 in W/m**2\"\n",
     "#Let Eb/A=F\n",
     "F=sigma*(50+273.15)**4\n",
-    "print\"F=\",F\n"
+    "print\"F=\",F"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -326,7 +310,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -346,7 +330,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 9\"\n",
     "#The Thickness(L) of wall= 150 mm or 0.15 m.\n",
     "#The wall on one side is exposed to air at temprature(Ta)= 60°C and on the other side to air at temprature(Tb) = 20°C\n",
@@ -383,7 +367,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -394,7 +378,9 @@
      "text": [
       "Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 10\n",
       "Heat transfer from the outer surface takes place only by radiation is given by Q/A=F1=emi*sigma*(T2**4-T0**4)in W/m**2 for different values of tempratures in K\n",
+      "F1= 332.029390022\n",
       "heat transfer from the outer surface can also be written as Q/A=F2=(Ti-To)/((1/hbri)+(L/k)+(1/hr)) in W/m**2 at different tempratures in K\n",
+      "F2= 332.132667923\n",
       "The values of temprature that are considered are <298 K\n",
       "Satisfactory solutions for Temprature in K is\n",
       "T2= 292.5\n",
@@ -405,7 +391,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 1, Example 10\"\n",
     "#The spacecraft panel has thickness(L)=.01 m\n",
     "#The spacecraft has inner temprature (Ti)=298 K\n",
@@ -427,7 +413,9 @@
     "#Radiation heat transfer coefficient(hr) is defined as Q/A=hr(T2-To)\n",
     "#so hr=4.536*10**-8*T2**3\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer from the outer surface takes place only by radiation is given by Q/A=F1=emi*sigma*(T2**4-T0**4)in W/m**2 for different values of tempratures in K\"\n",
+    "print\"F1=\",F1\n",
     "print\"heat transfer from the outer surface can also be written as Q/A=F2=(Ti-To)/((1/hbri)+(L/k)+(1/hr)) in W/m**2 at different tempratures in K\"\n",
+    "print\"F2=\",F2\n",
     "print\"The values of temprature that are considered are <298 K\"\n",
     "for i in range(285,292):\n",
     "    T2=i\n",
@@ -457,7 +445,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -500,8 +488,7 @@
     "print\"The total heat loss by The pipe per unit length is given by Q/L=hbr*A*(T1-T2)+sigma*emi*A*(T1**4-T2**4) in W/m\"\n",
     "#Let Q/L=F\n",
     "F=hbr*A*((T1+273.15)-(T2+273.15))+sigma*emi*A*((T1+273.15)**4-(T2+273.15)**4)\n",
-    "print\"F=\",F\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"F=\",F"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter10_ljUjU8j.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 95f29d79..9eacc4ed 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter10_ljUjU8j.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
@@ -44,10 +44,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -94,29 +90,7 @@
     "print\"LMTD=\",LMTD\n",
     "print\"Area(A)=Q/(U*LMTD) in m**2\"\n",
     "A=Q/(U*LMTD)\n",
-    "print\"A=\",A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"A=\",A"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -150,10 +124,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -193,7 +163,7 @@
     "#Area(A)=Q/(U*LMTD) in m**2\n",
     "print\"Area(A)=Q/(U*LMTD) in m**2\"\n",
     "A=Q/(U*LMTD)\n",
-    "print\"A=\",A\n"
+    "print\"A=\",A"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -233,10 +203,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 3\"\n",
@@ -284,13 +250,7 @@
     "#overall heat transfer coefficient(U)=Q/(A*F*LMTD)\n",
     "print\"overall heat transfer coefficient(U)=Q/(A*F*LMTD)in W/(m**2*K)\"\n",
     "U=Q/(A*F*LMTD)\n",
-    "print\"U=\",U\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"U=\",U"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -342,10 +302,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 5\"\n",
@@ -424,33 +380,7 @@
     "print\"To provide this surface area ,The length(L) of the tube required is given by L=A/(pi*D) in m\"\n",
     "L=A/(math.pi*D)\n",
     "print\"Hence same result is obtained for both methods\"\n",
-    "print\"L=\",L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"L=\",L"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -482,10 +412,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -520,13 +446,7 @@
     "#Hence The total heat transfer rate (Q)=eff*Cmin*(Thi-Tci)in kW.\n",
     "print\"The total heat transfer rate (Q)=eff*Cmin*(Thi-Tci) in kW\"                           \n",
     "Q=eff*Cmin*(Thi-Tci)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -560,10 +480,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -603,22 +519,7 @@
     "#The exit temprature(Tho) of air is given by Thi-(Q/(mdota*cpa))\n",
     "print\"The exit temprature of air in °C \"\n",
     "Tho=Thi-(Q/(mdota*1000*cpa))#NOTE:-The answer slightly varies from the answer in book(i.e Tho=26°C) because the value of Q taken in book is approximated to 1*10**6W.\n",
-    "print\"Tho=\",Tho\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Tho=\",Tho"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -656,10 +557,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
-    "  \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 10, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -702,28 +599,7 @@
     "Tho=Tci;\n",
     "print\"Effectiveness of heat exchanger is \"\n",
     "eff=(mdoth*ch*(Thi-Tho))/(mdoth*ch*(Thi-Tci))\n",
-    "print\"eff=\",eff\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"eff=\",eff"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter11_5r7Matr.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index a46cced0..c44923f7 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter11_5r7Matr.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
@@ -35,10 +35,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 3\"\n",
@@ -57,7 +53,7 @@
     "A1=2;\n",
     "A3=2.5;\n",
     "F31=(A1/A3)*F13\n",
-    "print\"F31=\",F31\n"
+    "print\"F31=\",F31"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -87,10 +83,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -116,11 +108,7 @@
     "#This implies F14=((F1,2-4*(A1+A2)))-A2*F24)/A2\n",
     "print\"The view factor F14=((F1,2-4*(A1+A2)))-A2*F24)/A2\"\n",
     "F14=((F124*(A1+A2))-(A2*F24))/A2\n",
-    "print\"F14=\",F14\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n"
+    "print\"F14=\",F14"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -149,10 +137,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 5\"\n",
@@ -171,7 +155,7 @@
     "#Let A1/A2=A\n",
     "A=1/4;\n",
     "F31=(A)*F13\n",
-    "print\"F31=\",F31\n"
+    "print\"F31=\",F31"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -206,10 +190,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -252,27 +232,7 @@
     "#Therefore we can write Q1=A1*sigma*(T1**4-F12*T2**4-F1s*Ts**4)\n",
     "print\"The net rate of energy loss from the surface at 127°C if the surrounding other than the two surfaces act as black body at 300K in W \"\n",
     "Q1=A1*sigma*(T1**4-F12*T2**4-F1s*Ts**4)\n",
-    "print\"Q1=\",Q1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Q1=\",Q1"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -302,10 +262,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -327,17 +283,7 @@
     "#So,The net rate of heat transfer when the two surfaces are black is Q/A=sigma*(T1**4-T2**4)\n",
     "print\"The net rate of heat transfer when the two surfaces are black is Q/A=sigma*(T1**4-T2**4) in W\"\n",
     "H=sigma*(T1**4-T2**4)\n",
-    "print\"H=\",H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"H=\",H"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -371,10 +317,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -411,20 +353,7 @@
     "print\"Q2=\",Q2\n",
     "print\"Error(E) is given By ((Q2-Q1)/Q1)*100 in percentage\"\n",
     "E=((Q2-Q1)/Q1)*100\n",
-    "print\"E=\",E\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"E=\",E"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -455,10 +384,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 11, Example 10\"\n",
@@ -503,19 +428,7 @@
     "#So Q/A=(sigma*(T1**4-T2**4))/(R)\n",
     "#Let Q/A=H\n",
     "H=(sigma*(T1**4-T2**4))/(R)\n",
-    "print\"H=\",H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"H=\",H"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter2_GK3uH9r.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index ba64d857..cda3a92c 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter2_GK3uH9r.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -119,31 +119,7 @@
     "print\"Check for Ti(in °C)\"\n",
     "Ti=T4-(Q*Ri)\n",
     "print\"The value is same as given in the problem\"\n",
-    "print\"Ti=\",Ti\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Ti=\",Ti"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -171,10 +147,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "  \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -194,7 +166,7 @@
     "#Q=(Ti-To)/((Lb/kb)+(L/ki)) so L=ki*(((Ti-To)/Q)-(Lb/kb))\n",
     "print\"The thickness of insulating material L=ki*(((Ti-To)/Q)-(Lb/kb)) in m\"\n",
     "L=ki*(((Ti-To)/Q)-(Lb/kb))\n",
-    "print\"L=\",L\n"
+    "print\"L=\",L"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -206,7 +178,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -235,7 +207,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -281,17 +252,7 @@
     "print\"q2=\",q2\n",
     "print\"Heat flux qo=q1+q2 in W/m**2 \"\n",
     "qo=q1+q2\n",
-    "print\"qo=\",qo\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"qo=\",qo"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -329,7 +290,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "  \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -372,9 +332,7 @@
     "X=(2*10**3)-(4*10**5*x);\n",
     "Q=-k*X/10**6\n",
     "#A check for the above results can be made from an energy balance of the plate as |(q/A)|@x=0+|(q/A)|@x=0.02=qG*0.02\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -386,7 +344,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 16,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -410,7 +368,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 9\"\n",
@@ -458,16 +415,7 @@
     "Q=(T1-Tinf)/(((X)/(2*math.pi*L*k))+(1/(h*2*math.pi*r2*L)))\n",
     "#It is important to note that Q increases by 5.2% when the insulation thickness increases from 0.002m to critical thickness. \n",
     "#Addition of insulation beyond the critical thickness decreases the value of Q (The heat loss).\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -479,7 +427,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -495,7 +443,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 10\"\n",
@@ -525,22 +472,7 @@
     "#Therefore the thickness of insulation is given by t=r3-Do\n",
     "print\"the thickness of insulation in metre is\"\n",
     "t=r3-Do\n",
-    "print\"t=\",t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"t=\",t"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -552,7 +484,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -570,7 +502,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 11\"\n",
@@ -591,21 +522,7 @@
     "print\"The temprature of wire at the centre in K is \"\n",
     "To=Tw+((qG*ro**2)/(4*k))\n",
     "#Note:The answer in the book is incorrect(value of D has been put instead of ro)\n",
-    "print\"To=\",To\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"To=\",To"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -655,10 +572,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 12\"\n",
@@ -730,12 +643,7 @@
     "#the amount of ice in kG which melts during a 24 hour period is (mice)\n",
     "print\"Therefore,the amount of ice(mice)in kG which melts during a 24 hour period is\"\n",
     "mice=Qt/deltahf\n",
-    "print\"mice=\",mice\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"mice=\",mice"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -747,7 +655,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -782,7 +690,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 13\"\n",
@@ -846,15 +753,7 @@
     "Qinf=(h*P*k*A)**0.5*thetab\n",
     "print\"We see that since k is large there is significant difference  between the finite length and the infinte length cases\"\n",
     "print\"However when the length of the rod approaches 1m,the result become almost same.\" \n",
-    "print\"Qinf=\",Qinf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Qinf=\",Qinf"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -866,7 +765,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -882,7 +781,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 14\"\n",
@@ -899,41 +797,7 @@
     "#The thermal conductivity of Rod B iskB\n",
     "print\"The thermal conductivity of Rod B kB in W/(m*K) is \"\n",
     "kB=kA*(xB/xA)**2\n",
-    "print\"kB=\",kB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"kB=\",kB"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -945,7 +809,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -971,7 +835,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "  \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 2, Example 15\"\n",
@@ -1013,17 +876,7 @@
     "#Heat loss from the plate is Qb\n",
     "print\"Heat loss from the plate at 400K in W is\"\n",
     "Qb=(N*(h*P*kal*A)**0.5*thetab*((math.cosh(m*L)-(thetaL/thetab))/(math.sinh(m*L))))+(((l*b)-(N*A))*h*thetab)+(l*b*h*thetab)\n",
-    "print\"Qb=\",Qb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Qb=\",Qb"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter3_18OmDFC.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 55a11dc9..6b51de29 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter3_18OmDFC.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
@@ -34,9 +34,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 3, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -59,7 +56,7 @@
     "#Temperature in degree celcius\n",
     "print\"Temperature at the centre in Degree C is\"\n",
     "T = theta*100+100\n",
-    "print\"T=\",T\n"
+    "print\"T=\",T"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -90,9 +87,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 3, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -117,7 +111,7 @@
     "print\"theta=\",theta\n",
     "print\"Temperature in K at centre point\"\n",
     "T = theta*100+300\n",
-    "print\"T=\",T\n"
+    "print\"T=\",T"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -166,7 +160,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     "import numpy\n",
     " \n",
@@ -213,7 +206,7 @@
     "print T7\n",
     "print\"T8 in degree K\"\n",
     "T8 = T[7]\n",
-    "print T8\n"
+    "print T8"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -255,7 +248,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     "import numpy\n",
     " \n",
@@ -300,7 +292,7 @@
     "print T5\n",
     "print\"T6 in degree C\"\n",
     "T6 = T[4]\n",
-    "print T6\n"
+    "print T6"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -354,7 +346,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 3, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -412,7 +403,7 @@
     "print T8\n",
     "print\"T9 in degree C\"\n",
     "T9 = T[8]\n",
-    "print T9\n"
+    "print T9"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter4_fMX8RWT.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 54a5875b..6c85f1a7 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter4_fMX8RWT.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
@@ -35,10 +35,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -59,8 +55,7 @@
     "if Bi<0.1:\n",
     "  print\"Problem is suitable for lumped parameter analysis\"\n",
     "else:\n",
-    "  print\"Problem is not suitable for lumped parameter analysis\"\n",
-    "\n"
+    "  print\"Problem is not suitable for lumped parameter analysis\""
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -72,7 +67,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -90,7 +85,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -115,7 +109,7 @@
     "#Required time in sec\n",
     "t = (-8)*math.log(0.01);\n",
     "print\"Time required in seconds\"\n",
-    "print\"t=\",t\n"
+    "print\"t=\",t"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -127,7 +121,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -143,7 +137,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 3\"\n",
@@ -157,7 +150,7 @@
     "#Maximum dimension in metre\n",
     "a = ((6*k)*Bi)/h;\n",
     "print\"Maximum dimension in metre for lumped parameter analysis\"\n",
-    "print\"a=\",a\n"
+    "print\"a=\",a"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -186,7 +179,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "from scipy.integrate  import quad\n",
     "import math\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -222,7 +214,7 @@
     "E = (((h*math.pi)*d)*H)*quad(lambda t:(80.0-25.0)*math.e*(-t/472.5),0,60.0*t)[0];\n",
     "print\"Energy required for cooling in KJ\"\n",
     "E = E/1000.0\n",
-    "print \"E=\",E\n"
+    "print \"E=\",E"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -234,7 +226,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -252,7 +244,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 5\"\n",
@@ -288,7 +279,7 @@
     "Q = ((((0.69*k)*2)*L)*(Tinfinity-Ti))/alpha;\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer rate in MJ\"\n",
     "Q = Q/(10**6)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -300,7 +291,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -318,7 +309,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -356,7 +346,7 @@
     "Q = (((0.4*k)*L)*(Ti-Tinfinity))/alpha;\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer rate in MJ\"\n",
     "Q = Q/(10**6)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -368,7 +358,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -386,7 +376,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -424,7 +413,7 @@
     "Q = (((((0.4*k)*math.pi)*ro)*ro)*(Ti-Tinfinity))/alpha;\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer rate per unit length in MJ/m\"\n",
     "Q = Q/(10**6)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -436,7 +425,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -452,7 +441,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -481,7 +469,7 @@
     "t = ((Fo*ro)*ro)/alpha;\n",
     "print\"Time required in minutes\"\n",
     "t = t/60\n",
-    "print\"t=\",t\n"
+    "print\"t=\",t"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -493,7 +481,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -509,7 +497,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 9\"\n",
@@ -552,7 +539,7 @@
     "#Temperature in °C\n",
     "T = Tinfinity+z*(Ti-Tinfinity);\n",
     "print\"Tempearture of bar in °C\"\n",
-    "print\"T=\",T\n"
+    "print\"T=\",T"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -564,7 +551,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -589,7 +576,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 10\"\n",
@@ -659,17 +645,7 @@
     "#Therefore ((To-Tinf)/(Ti-Tinf))plate1*((To-Tinf)/(Ti-Tinf))plate2=A*B\n",
     "T=A*B\n",
     "print\"The calculated value is very close to the required value of 0.6.Hence the time required for the centre of the beam to reach 310°C is nearly 1200s or 20 minutes.\" \n",
-    "print\"T=\",T\n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n"
+    "print\"T=\",T"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -681,7 +657,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -697,7 +673,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 11\"\n",
@@ -719,22 +694,7 @@
     "#Therefore 10/t**0.5=0.38...this implies t=(10/0.38)**2\n",
     "print\"The time required for the temprature to reach 255°C at a depth of 80mm, in minutes is\"\n",
     "t=(10/0.38)**2/60\n",
-    "print\"T=\",T\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"T=\",T"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -764,7 +724,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     "import scipy \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 12\"\n",
@@ -788,18 +747,7 @@
     "print\"The temprature at a depth(x) of 100mm after a time(t) of 100 seconds,in °C is\"\n",
     "T=Ti+((2*qo*(alpha*t/math.pi)**0.5)/(k))*math.e**((-x**2.0)/(4*alpha*t))-((qo*x)/(k))*scipy.special.erf(x/(2*(alpha*t)**0.5))\n",
     "print\"T=\",T\n",
-    "#NOTE:The answer in the book is incorrect(Calculation mistake)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "#NOTE:The answer in the book is incorrect(Calculation mistake)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -811,7 +759,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -822,7 +770,7 @@
      "text": [
       "Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 4, Example 14\n",
       "Temperature distribution after 25 mins in °C\n",
-      "[[  2.29192547e+02   2.91925466e+00   1.11801242e+00   4.34782609e-01\n",
+      "T= [[  2.29192547e+02   2.91925466e+00   1.11801242e+00   4.34782609e-01\n",
       "    1.86335404e-01   6.21118012e-02]\n",
       " [  8.75776398e+01   8.75776398e+00   3.35403727e+00   1.30434783e+00\n",
       "    5.59006211e-01   1.86335404e-01]\n",
@@ -838,7 +786,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     "import numpy\n",
     " \n",
@@ -864,10 +811,8 @@
     "#From Eq. 4.126\n",
     "#Temperature distribution after one time step\n",
     "T = numpy.linalg.inv(A)*B;\n",
-    "\n",
-    " \n",
     "print\"Temperature distribution after 25 mins in °C\"\n",
-    "print T\n"
+    "print\"T=\",T"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter5_2AAnLS8.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 1751c7ce..5b3d46e7 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter5_2AAnLS8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
     " \n",
@@ -74,23 +73,7 @@
     "#Q is the rate of heat transfer\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer in W/m of width is\"\n",
     "Q=hbarL*L*(T2-T1)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -102,7 +85,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 27,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -119,7 +102,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 5, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -144,18 +126,7 @@
     "#from an enrgy balance we can write as E=27.063*U**0.85*L*B*(Ts-Tinf)\n",
     "print\"The minimum flow velocity in m/s is\"\n",
     "U=(E/(27.063*L*B*(Ts-Tinf)))**(1/0.85)\n",
-    "print\"U=\",U\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"U=\",U"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -167,7 +138,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -190,10 +161,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
-    " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 5, Example 6\"\n",
     "#Air at 1atm pressure and temprature(Tin)=30°C enters a tube of 25mm diameter(D) with a velocity(U) of 10m/s\n",
     "D=0.025;#in metre\n",
@@ -231,25 +200,7 @@
     "k=0.0285;\n",
     "print\"Overall Nusselt number is \"\n",
     "NuL=hx*D/k\n",
-    "print\"NuL=\",NuL\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"NuL=\",NuL"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -261,7 +212,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -285,7 +236,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 5, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -324,21 +274,7 @@
     "#Q is the heat loss from the plate\n",
     "print\"The heat loss from the plate in W is\"\n",
     "Q=hbar*A*(Ts-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -370,7 +306,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 5, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -398,28 +333,7 @@
     "#I is the current flow.\n",
     "print\"The current in Ampere is\"\n",
     "I=(Q/(R*L))**0.5\n",
-    "print\"I=\",I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"I=\",I"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter6_lGPDUWp.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 1c386970..5a31da63 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter6_lGPDUWp.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -55,7 +54,7 @@
     "mu=0.1;\n",
     "b=0.005;  #in metre\n",
     " #Umax is maximum velocity\n",
-    " Umax=(3.0/2)*Uav\n",
+    " Umax=(3/2)*Uav\n",
     "print\"Umax in m/s is\"\n",
     "Umax=(3/2)*Uav\n",
     "print\"Umax=\",Umax\n",
@@ -82,31 +81,7 @@
     " #Since pressure drop is considered at a distance of 2m so L=2m\n",
     "L=2;\n",
     "deltaP=(-X)*L\n",
-    "print\"deltaP=\",deltaP\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"deltaP=\",deltaP"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -118,7 +93,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -138,7 +113,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 3\"\n",
@@ -159,28 +133,7 @@
     " #The viscosity of oil is mu=(pi*D**4*X)/(128*Q*dz)\n",
     "print\"The viscosity of oil(mu)in kg/(m*s)\"\n",
     "mu=(math.pi*D**4*X)/(128*Q)\n",
-    "print\"mu=\",mu\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"mu=\",mu"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -192,7 +145,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 16,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -201,7 +154,7 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 7\n",
+      " Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 7\n",
       "The maximum length of plate in m is \n",
       "L= 2.5\n",
       "The average skin friction coefficient is\n",
@@ -212,7 +165,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -236,26 +188,7 @@
     " #Fd is drag force\n",
     "print\"Drag force on one side of plate in N is\"\n",
     "Fd=cfL*(rhoair*Uinf**2/2)*B*L\n",
-    "print\"Fd=\",Fd\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Fd=\",Fd"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -267,7 +200,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 17,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -291,7 +224,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 6, Example 10\"\n",
@@ -320,21 +252,7 @@
     " #The turbulent boundary layer thickness at the trailing edge is given by delta=L*(0.379/ReL**(1/5))\n",
     "print\"The turbulent boundary layer thickness at the trailing edge in metre is \"\n",
     "delta=L*(0.379/ReL**(1/5))\n",
-    "print\"delta=\",delta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"delta=\",delta"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter7_Ie2FcUI.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 85b7eec5..bffd25f6 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter7_Ie2FcUI.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -115,11 +114,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " import math\n",
+    "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 2\"\n",
     "#Atmospheric air at temprature,Tinf=300K and with a free stream Velocity Uinf=30m/s flows over a flat plate parallel to a side of length(L)=2m.\n",
@@ -161,24 +156,7 @@
     "A=L*B;\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer per unit width in W is\"\n",
     "Q=hbarL*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -218,11 +196,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " import math\n",
+    "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 3\"\n",
     "#Air at a pressure of 101kPa and temprature,Tinf=20°C flows with a velocity(Uinf) of 5m/s over a flat plate whose temprature is kept constant at Tw=140°C.\n",
@@ -272,33 +246,7 @@
     "#Q is the rate of heat transfer\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer per unit width in W is\"\n",
     "Q=h*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -340,11 +288,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " import math\n",
+    "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 4\"\n",
     "#Castor oil at temprature,Tinf=36°C flows over a heated plate of length,L=6m and breadth,B=1m at velocity,Uinf=0.06m/s\n",
@@ -392,29 +336,7 @@
     "A=L*B;\n",
     "print\"(c)The rate of heat transfer in W is\"\n",
     "Q=hbarL*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"Q=\",Q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Q=\",Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -447,11 +369,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " import math\n",
+    "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 5\"\n",
     "#A flat plate of width B=1m is maintained at a uniform surface temprtaure(Tw)=225°C\n",
@@ -487,24 +405,7 @@
     "#If qm be the power generation in W/m**2 within the module ,we can write from energy balance qm*(t/0.1000)*(l/0.1000)*(B)=hbarL*(t/0.1000)*(B)*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
     "print\"The required power generation in W/m**3 is\"\n",
     "qm=(hL*(l/0.1000)*(B)*(Tw-Tinf))/((t/0.1000)*(l/0.1000)*(B))\n",
-    "print\"qm=\",qm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"qm=\",qm"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -540,11 +441,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " import math\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 6\"\n",
     "#An aircraft is moving at a velocity of Uinf=150m/s in air at an altitude where the pressure is 0.7bar and the temprature is Tinf=-5°C.\n",
@@ -579,21 +476,7 @@
     "#Therefore we can write Surface temprature of wing, Tw=Tinf+(Qr/(2*hbarL))\n",
     "print\"Surface temprature of wing in kelvin is\"\n",
     "Tw=(273+Tinf)+(Qr/(2*hbarL))\n",
-    "print\"Tw=\",Tw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Tw=\",Tw"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -633,11 +516,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " import math\n",
+    "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 7\"\n",
     "#A fine wire having a diameter(D)=0.04mm is placed in an air stream at temprature,Tinf=25°C having a flow velocity of Uinf=60m/s perpendicular to wire.\n",
@@ -679,32 +558,7 @@
     "#Heat transfer per unit length(qL) is given by pi*D*hbar*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer per unit length in W/m is\"\n",
     "qL=math.pi*(D*10**-3)*hbar*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"qL=\",qL\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"qL=\",qL"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -742,11 +596,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " import math\n",
+    "import math\n",
     "\n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 8\"\n",
     "#Mercury and a light oil flowing at Uinf=4mm/s in a smooth tube having diameter(D)=25mm at a bulk temprature of 80°C.\n",
@@ -783,24 +633,7 @@
     "#Ltoil is the thermal entry length for oil\n",
     "print\"The thermal entry length for oil in m is\"\n",
     "Ltoil=0.05*Reoil*Proil*D\n",
-    "print\"Ltoil=\",Ltoil\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Ltoil=\",Ltoil"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -840,11 +673,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " import math\n",
+    "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 9\"\n",
     "#Air at one atmospheric pressure and temprature(Tbi=75°C) enters a tube of internal diameter(D)=4.0mm with average velocity(U)=2m/s\n",
@@ -895,21 +724,7 @@
     "#Let Twe be the surface temprature at the exit plane.Then we can write hL*(Twe-Tbo)=qw\n",
     "print\"The tube surface temprature at the exit plane in °C is \"\n",
     "Twe=Tbo+(qw/hL)\n",
-    "print\"Twe=\",Twe\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Twe=\",Twe"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -952,11 +767,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " import math\n",
+    "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 10\"\n",
     "#Air at one atmospheric pressure and temprature(Tbi=75°C) enters a tube of internal diameter(D)=4.0mm with average velocity(U)=2m/s\n",
@@ -1011,18 +822,7 @@
     "#Let Twe be the surface temprature at the exit plane.Then we can write hL*(Twe-Tbo)=qw\n",
     "print\"The tube surface temprature at the exit plane in °C is \"\n",
     "Twe=Tbo+(qw/hL)\n",
-    "print\"Twe=\",Twe\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Twe=\",Twe"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -1067,11 +867,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " import math\n",
+    "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 7, Example 11\"\n",
     "#Liquid sulphur di oxide in a saturated state flows inside a L=5m long tube and D=25mm internal diameter with a mass flow rate(mdot) of 0.15 kg/s.\n",
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter8_vyeGLD8.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index a6c237e4..882c8bf9 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter8_vyeGLD8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
@@ -79,20 +79,7 @@
     "#The rate of heat transfer is given by q=hbarL*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer in W is\"\n",
     "q=hbarL*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"q=\",q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"q=\",q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -128,7 +115,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -165,24 +151,7 @@
     "#spac is the minimum spacing \n",
     "print\"The minimum spacing in metre is\"\n",
     "spac=2*delta\n",
-    "print\"spac=\",spac\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"spac=\",spac"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -219,7 +188,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "\n",
     "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
     "print \"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 3\"\n",
     "#Considering question 5.7\n",
@@ -275,14 +243,7 @@
     "print \"Mass flow rate at x=0.8m,in kG is\"\n",
     "I=quad(lambda y:465.9*(y-116*y*2+3341*y*3),0,delta)\n",
     "mdot=rho*B*I[0]\n",
-    "print\"mdot=\",mdot\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"mdot=\",mdot"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -314,7 +275,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -352,33 +312,7 @@
     "hL=(2*k)/delta;\n",
     "hbarL=(4.0/3)*(hL)#NOTE:The answer in the book is incorrect(calculation mistake)\n",
     "print\"hL=\",hL\n",
-    "print\"hbarL=\",hbarL\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"hbarL=\",hbarL"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -432,7 +366,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 5\"\n",
@@ -509,51 +442,7 @@
     "print hbarL\n",
     "print\"The rate of heat transfer in W is \"\n",
     "Q=hbarL*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print Q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print Q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -599,10 +488,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -663,16 +548,7 @@
     "#The current flowing in the wire I=(q/(R*L)**(1/2.0)\n",
     "print\"The current flowing in the wire in Ampere is\"\n",
     "I=(q/(R*L))**(1/2.0)\n",
-    "print\"I=\",I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"I=\",I"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -709,7 +585,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -750,26 +625,7 @@
     "#The heat loss per meter length is given by q=hbar*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
     "print\"The heat loss per meter length in W is\"\n",
     "q=hbar*A*(Tw-Tinf)\n",
-    "print\"q=\",q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"q=\",q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -808,7 +664,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
     "import math \n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 8, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -854,18 +709,7 @@
     "print\"Hence,steady state Surface temprature in °C is\"\n",
     "Tw=Tinf+(P/(hbarD*math.pi*D*L))\n",
     "print\"Hence we see that our guess is in excellent agreement with the calculated value\"\n",
-    "print\"Tw=\",Tw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Tw=\",Tw"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter9_4YOTRPU.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 7d76afa3..2944362a 100644
--- a/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter9_4YOTRPU.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
@@ -46,10 +46,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 1\"\n",
@@ -90,18 +86,7 @@
     "print\"Reynolds no. is\"\n",
     "ReL=(4*mdotc)/(mu)\n",
     "print\"Therefore the flow is laminar and hence the use of the equation is justified\"\n",
-    "print\"ReL=\",ReL\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"ReL=\",ReL"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -137,10 +122,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 2\"\n",
@@ -178,19 +159,7 @@
     "#Re is reynolds number\n",
     "print\"Reynolds number is\"\n",
     "Re=(4*mdotc)/(mu*P)\n",
-    "print\"Re=\",Re\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"Re=\",Re"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -228,10 +197,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 3\"\n",
@@ -278,29 +243,7 @@
     "#v is the average flow velocity\n",
     "print\"Hence the average flow velocity at the trailing edge in m/s is\"\n",
     "v=(mdotc)/(rho*delta*B)\n",
-    "print\"v=\",v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"v=\",v"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -334,10 +277,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 4\"\n",
@@ -373,29 +312,7 @@
     "#The rate of condensation is given by mdotc=(hbar*(pi*D*L)*(Tg-Tw))/hfg\n",
     "print\"The total rate of condensation in kg/hr\"\n",
     "mdotc=((hbar*(math.pi*D*L)*(Tg-Tw))/hfg)*3600\n",
-    "print\"mdotc=\",mdotc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"mdotc=\",mdotc"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -423,10 +340,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 5\"\n",
@@ -445,15 +358,7 @@
     "#h is heat transfer coefficient\n",
     "print\"Heat transfer coefficient in W/m**2 is\"\n",
     "h=(E*I)/(A*(T1-T2))\n",
-    "print\"h=\",h\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"h=\",h"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -483,10 +388,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 6\"\n",
@@ -513,23 +414,7 @@
     "#E is the burn out voltage\n",
     "print\"The burn out voltage in Volts is  \"\n",
     "E=(qc*A)/I\n",
-    "print\"E=\",E\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"E=\",E"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -558,10 +443,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 7\"\n",
@@ -587,20 +468,7 @@
     "print\"Heat flux q in W/m**2 is\"\n",
     "q=(mul*hfg)*(((rhol-rhov)*g)/sigma)**(1/2)*((cpl*(T1-T2))/(csf*hfg*Prl**n))**3 \n",
     "print\"The peak heat flux for water at one atmospheric pressure is qc=1.24*10**6(found in example 9.6).Since q<qc,The regime of boiling is nucleate.\"\n",
-    "print\"q=\",q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "print\"q=\",q"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -612,7 +480,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 21,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -627,15 +495,11 @@
       "The surface temprature in °C is\n",
       "Tw= 120.0\n",
       "The value of the coefficient csf is \n",
-      "csf= 0.0151329179422\n"
+      "csf= 0.0214423761571\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
-    " \n",
     "import math\n",
     " \n",
     "print\"Introduction to heat transfer by S.K.Som, Chapter 9, Example 8\"\n",
@@ -676,30 +540,8 @@
     "#Now we use following equation to determine csf,q=(mul*hfg)*(((rhol-rhov)*g)/sigma1)**(1/2)*((cpl*(Tw-T))/(csf*hfg*Prl**n))**3 \n",
     "#Manipulating above equation to find csf we get csf=((cpl*(Tw-T))/(((q/((mul*hfg)*(((rhol-rhov)*g)/sigma1)**(1/2))**(1/3))*hfg*Prl**n))\n",
     "print\"The value of the coefficient csf is \"\n",
-    "csf=((cpl*(Tw-T))/(((q/((mul*hfg)*(((rhol-rhov)*g)/sigma1)**(1.0/2)))**(1.0/3))*hfg*Prl**n))#[NOTE:The answer in the book is incorrect.(Calcultion mistake)]\n",
-    "print\"csf=\",csf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "csf=((cpl*(Tw-T))/(((q/((mul*hfg)*(((rhol-rhov)*g)/sigma1)**(1/2)))**(1/3))*hfg*Prl**n))#[NOTE:The answer in the book is incorrect.(Calcultion mistake)]\n",
+    "print\"csf=\",csf"
    ]
   }
  ],
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index f34f7c1f..f34f7c1f 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 3707f403..3707f403 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 421dbd88..421dbd88 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index ee6e14f0..ee6e14f0 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 8212531f..8212531f 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 82525e71..82525e71 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 97c98f94..97c98f94 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index e5f67c9d..e5f67c9d 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 1a1ca78a..1a1ca78a 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 4779f851..4779f851 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_Nuclear_Engineering_by_J._R._Lamarsh_and_A._J._Baratta_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/11._Hypersonic_vehicles.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/11._Hypersonic_vehicles.ipynb
index 7e82bf05..7e82bf05 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/11._Hypersonic_vehicles.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/11._Hypersonic_vehicles.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/2._Fundamental_Thoughts.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/2._Fundamental_Thoughts.ipynb
index 328a5430..328a5430 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/2._Fundamental_Thoughts.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/2._Fundamental_Thoughts.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/3._The_Standard_Atmosphere.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/3._The_Standard_Atmosphere.ipynb
index 368f5fbe..368f5fbe 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/3._The_Standard_Atmosphere.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/3._The_Standard_Atmosphere.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/4._Aerodynamics.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/4._Aerodynamics.ipynb
index d2461f95..d2461f95 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/4._Aerodynamics.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/4._Aerodynamics.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/5._Airfoils,_Wings_and_Other_Aerodynamic_shapes.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/5._Airfoils,_Wings_and_Other_Aerodynamic_shapes.ipynb
index 23c8b51f..23c8b51f 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/5._Airfoils,_Wings_and_Other_Aerodynamic_shapes.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/5._Airfoils,_Wings_and_Other_Aerodynamic_shapes.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/6._Elements_of_Airplane_Performance.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/6._Elements_of_Airplane_Performance.ipynb
index b3942e06..b3942e06 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/6._Elements_of_Airplane_Performance.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/6._Elements_of_Airplane_Performance.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/7._Principles_of_Stability_and_Control.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/7._Principles_of_Stability_and_Control.ipynb
index 2057ecdb..2057ecdb 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/7._Principles_of_Stability_and_Control.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/7._Principles_of_Stability_and_Control.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/8._Space_Flight_Astronautics.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/8._Space_Flight_Astronautics.ipynb
index 85beaf65..85beaf65 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/8._Space_Flight_Astronautics.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/8._Space_Flight_Astronautics.ipynb
diff --git a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/9._Propulsion.ipynb b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/9._Propulsion.ipynb
index c24ed6eb..c24ed6eb 100755
--- a/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson/9._Propulsion.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introduction_to_flight_by_J_D_Anderson_version_backup/9._Propulsion.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index bd7fa404..bd7fa404 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index bd7fa404..bd7fa404 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_10.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_10.ipynb
index dc9cf7f9..dc9cf7f9 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_11.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_11.ipynb
index dc9cf7f9..dc9cf7f9 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_12.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_12.ipynb
index dc9cf7f9..dc9cf7f9 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
index ed702744..ed702744 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_3.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
index d1825266..d1825266 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_4.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_4.ipynb
index d1825266..d1825266 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_5.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_5.ipynb
index 5520ce18..5520ce18 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_6.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_6.ipynb
index 5520ce18..5520ce18 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_7.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_7.ipynb
index 5520ce18..5520ce18 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_8.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_8.ipynb
index 5520ce18..5520ce18 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/Chapter9_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/Chapter9_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 4bf3cff1..4bf3cff1 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index 4bf3cff1..4bf3cff1 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_10.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_10.ipynb
index 81bb2dc6..81bb2dc6 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_11.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_11.ipynb
index 81bb2dc6..81bb2dc6 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_12.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_12.ipynb
index 81bb2dc6..81bb2dc6 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
index 4bf3cff1..4bf3cff1 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_3.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
index cdfe1170..cdfe1170 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_4.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_4.ipynb
index a24ca8ed..a24ca8ed 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter1_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter1_4.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter6_8.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter6_8.ipynb
index e6d1c784..e6d1c784 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter6_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter6_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 235166ee..235166ee 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index 235166ee..235166ee 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_10.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_10.ipynb
index aba1eb4b..aba1eb4b 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_11.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_11.ipynb
index aba1eb4b..aba1eb4b 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_12.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_12.ipynb
index aba1eb4b..aba1eb4b 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
index 235166ee..235166ee 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_3.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
index 2c912b1a..2c912b1a 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_4.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_4.ipynb
index 2c912b1a..2c912b1a 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_4.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_5.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_5.ipynb
index b4feb265..b4feb265 100755
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_6.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_6.ipynb
index b4feb265..b4feb265 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_6.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_7.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_7.ipynb
index b4feb265..b4feb265 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_7.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter7_8.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter7_8.ipynb
index 2d8ce1c4..2d8ce1c4 100755
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 001e1904..001e1904 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index 001e1904..001e1904 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_10.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_10.ipynb
index f9594f07..f9594f07 100755
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_11.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_11.ipynb
index f9594f07..f9594f07 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_11.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_12.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_12.ipynb
index f9594f07..f9594f07 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_12.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
index 001e1904..001e1904 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_3.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_3.ipynb
index f63e51c4..f63e51c4 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_3.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_4.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_4.ipynb
index f63e51c4..f63e51c4 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_4.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_5.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_5.ipynb
index 096975e3..096975e3 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_5.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_6.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_6.ipynb
index 096975e3..096975e3 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_6.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_7.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_7.ipynb
index 096975e3..096975e3 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_8.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_8.ipynb
index 574fc9f1..574fc9f1 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter8_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter8_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5.ipynb
index 445d0e5f..445d0e5f 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_1.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5_1.ipynb
index 445d0e5f..445d0e5f 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_10.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5_10.ipynb
index 697b9cb3..697b9cb3 100755
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_11.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5_11.ipynb
index 697b9cb3..697b9cb3 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_11.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_12.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5_12.ipynb
index 697b9cb3..697b9cb3 100755
--- a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_12.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_2.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5_2.ipynb
index 445d0e5f..445d0e5f 100755
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_3.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5_3.ipynb
index 1486b3cb..1486b3cb 100755
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_4.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5_4.ipynb
index 1486b3cb..1486b3cb 100755
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_5.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5_5.ipynb
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_6.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5_6.ipynb
index f7ae1b31..f7ae1b31 100755
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_7.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5_7.ipynb
index f7ae1b31..f7ae1b31 100755
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diff --git a/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry/chapter_5_8.ipynb b/backup/Introductory_Methods_Of_Numerical_Analysis__by_S._S._Sastry_version_backup/chapter_5_8.ipynb
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diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index 6e9cf01f..6e9cf01f 100755
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diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch10_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch10_1.ipynb
index aee962a5..aee962a5 100755
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diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index f4d8bc9d..f4d8bc9d 100755
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index f4d8bc9d..f4d8bc9d 100755
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diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch12.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index edc47614..edc47614 100755
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index edc47614..edc47614 100755
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diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch14.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
index f55e341a..f55e341a 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch14.ipynb
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index f55e341a..f55e341a 100755
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diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch15.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch15.ipynb
index c5a4b2dd..c5a4b2dd 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch15.ipynb
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index c5a4b2dd..c5a4b2dd 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch16.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch16.ipynb
index 59b5d071..59b5d071 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch16.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch16_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch16_1.ipynb
index 59b5d071..59b5d071 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch17.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch17.ipynb
index 4cb73dad..4cb73dad 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch17.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch17_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch17_1.ipynb
index 4cb73dad..4cb73dad 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch18.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch18.ipynb
index 11ccf93e..11ccf93e 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch18.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch18_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch18_1.ipynb
index 11ccf93e..11ccf93e 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch19.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch19.ipynb
index 32d7ab84..32d7ab84 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch19.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch19_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch19_1.ipynb
index 32d7ab84..32d7ab84 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index 9eb5c1ee..9eb5c1ee 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch20.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch20.ipynb
index 72e1d5c9..72e1d5c9 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch20.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch20_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch20_1.ipynb
index 72e1d5c9..72e1d5c9 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch20_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch20_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch21.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch21.ipynb
index a51714d4..a51714d4 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch21.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch21_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch21_1.ipynb
index a51714d4..a51714d4 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch2_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
index 9eb5c1ee..9eb5c1ee 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 3e27009a..3e27009a 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch3_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
index 3e27009a..3e27009a 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index fac86470..fac86470 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch4_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
index 7e800205..7e800205 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index 20ed9e6b..20ed9e6b 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch5_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
index a473df61..a473df61 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 23b46e1d..23b46e1d 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch6_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
index 23b46e1d..23b46e1d 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 595c81ff..595c81ff 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch8_1.ipynb b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
index 595c81ff..595c81ff 100755
--- a/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia/ch8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Irrigation_and_Water_Power_Engineering_by_B._C._Punmia_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index b45b10cf..b45b10cf 100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 1c137a08..1c137a08 100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter10_oz6KtzL.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 24d02247..1c137a08 100644..100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter10_oz6KtzL.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,transpose\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "print 'a = [x1 x2]'\n",
     "print 'b = [y1 y2]'\n",
     "print 'f(a,b) = x1*y1 + x1*y2 + x2*y1 + x2*y2'\n",
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@
     "print '[x1  x2]  *  |1   1|  *   |y1|'\n",
     "print '              |1   1|     |y2|'\n",
     "print 'So the matrix of f in standard order basis B = {e1,e2} is:'\n",
-    "fb = array([[1, 1],[1, 1]])\n",
+    "fb = np.array([[1, 1],[1, 1]])\n",
     "print '[f]B = \\n',fb\n",
-    "P = array([[1 ,1],[-1, 1]])\n",
+    "P = np.array([[1 ,1],[-1, 1]])\n",
     "print 'P = \\n',P\n",
     "print 'Thus, [f]B'' = P''*[f]B*P'\n",
-    "fb1 = transpose(P) * fb * P\n",
+    "fb1 = np.transpose(P) * fb * P\n",
     "print '[f]B'' = \\n',fb1"
    ]
   },
@@ -81,23 +81,23 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "n =  24.0\n",
-      "a =  100.0\n",
-      "b =  40.0\n",
-      "f(a,b) =  4000.0\n",
+      "n =  56.0\n",
+      "a =  410.0\n",
+      "b =  70.0\n",
+      "f(a,b) =  28700.0\n",
       "f is non-degenerate billinear form on R**n.\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import random,transpose\n",
-    "n = round(random.randint(2,90))\n",
-    "a = round(random.randint(1,n) * 10)#\n",
-    "b = round(random.randint(1,n) * 10)#\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "n = round(np.random.randint(2,90))\n",
+    "a = round(np.random.randint(1,n) * 10)#\n",
+    "b = round(np.random.randint(1,n) * 10)#\n",
     "print 'n = ',n\n",
     "print 'a = ',a\n",
     "print 'b = ',b\n",
-    "f = a * transpose(b)\n",
+    "f = a * np.transpose(b)\n",
     "print 'f(a,b) = ',f\n",
     "print 'f is non-degenerate billinear form on R**n.'\n",
     "#end"
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter1_Zz52w1c.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index d1fed764..b45b10cf 100644..100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter1_Zz52w1c.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
-    "a = array([[2, -1, 3, 2],[1, 4, 0 ,-1],[2, 6, -1, 5]])\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "a = np.array([[2, -1, 3, 2],[1, 4, 0 ,-1],[2, 6, -1, 5]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations:'\n",
     "print 'R1 = R1-2*R2'\n",
@@ -165,8 +165,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
-    "a=array([[-1, 1J],[-1J, 3],[1 ,2]])\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "a=np.array([[-1, 1J],[-1J, 3],[1 ,2]])\n",
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations:'\n",
     "print 'R1 = R1+R3 and R2 = R2 + i *R3'\n",
@@ -203,25 +203,23 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "[[ 1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.]\n",
-      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.]]\n",
-      "This is an Identity matrix of order 7 * 7\n",
+      "[[ 1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.]]\n",
+      "This is an Identity matrix of order 8 * 8\n",
       "And It is a row reduced matrix.\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import random, identity\n",
-    "i=2;\n",
-    "while i<=2:\n",
-    "    n = random.randint(9)\n",
-    "    i=n\n",
-    "print identity(n)\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "n = np.random.randint(9)\n",
+    "print np.identity(n)\n",
     "print 'This is an Identity matrix of order %d * %d'%(n,n)\n",
     "print 'And It is a row reduced matrix.'"
    ]
@@ -244,11 +242,16 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "[[ 1.]]\n",
-      "This is an Identity matrix of order 1 * 1\n",
+      "[[ 1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.]\n",
+      " [ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.]]\n",
+      "This is an Identity matrix of order 6 * 6\n",
       "And It is a row reduced matrix.\n",
-      "[[ 0.  0.  0.  0.]]\n",
-      "This is an Zero matrix of order 1 * 4\n",
+      "[[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]]\n",
+      "This is an Zero matrix of order 1 * 5\n",
       "And It is also a row reduced matrix.\n",
       "a = \n",
       "[[ 0.   1.  -3.   0.   0.5]\n",
@@ -259,17 +262,17 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import random,identity, zeros,array\n",
-    "n = random.randint(9)\n",
-    "print identity(n)\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "n = np.random.randint(9)\n",
+    "print np.identity(n)\n",
     "print 'This is an Identity matrix of order %d * %d'%(n,n)\n",
     "print 'And It is a row reduced matrix.'\n",
-    "m = random.randint(0,9)\n",
-    "n = random.randint(9)\n",
-    "print zeros([m,n])\n",
+    "m = np.random.randint(0,9)\n",
+    "n = np.random.randint(9)\n",
+    "print np.zeros([m,n])\n",
     "print 'This is an Zero matrix of order %d * %d'%(m,n)\n",
     "print 'And It is also a row reduced matrix.'\n",
-    "a = array([[0, 1, -3, 0, 1.0/2],[0, 0, 0, 1, 2],[0, 0 ,0 ,0 ,0]])\n",
+    "a = np.array([[0, 1, -3, 0, 1.0/2],[0, 0, 0, 1, 2],[0, 0 ,0 ,0 ,0]])\n",
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
     "print 'This is a non-trivial row reduced matrix.'\n"
    ]
@@ -327,8 +330,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
-    "A = array([[1, -2, 1],[2, 1, 1],[0, 5, -1]])\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "A = np.array([[1, -2, 1],[2, 1, 1],[0, 5, -1]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations:'\n",
     "print 'R2 = R2 - 2*R1'\n",
@@ -449,53 +452,53 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "#Part a\n",
-    "a = array([[1, 0],[-3, 1]])\n",
-    "b = array([[5, -1, 2],[15, 4, 8]])\n",
+    "a = np.array([[1, 0],[-3, 1]])\n",
+    "b = np.array([[5, -1, 2],[15, 4, 8]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part b\n",
-    "a = array([[1, 0],[-2, 3],[5 ,4],[0, 1]])\n",
-    "b = array([[0, 6, 1],[3 ,8 ,-2]])\n",
+    "a = np.array([[1, 0],[-2, 3],[5 ,4],[0, 1]])\n",
+    "b = np.array([[0, 6, 1],[3 ,8 ,-2]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part c\n",
-    "a = array([[2, 1],[5, 4]])\n",
-    "b = array([[1],[6]])\n",
+    "a = np.array([[2, 1],[5, 4]])\n",
+    "b = np.array([[1],[6]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part d\n",
-    "a = array([[-1],[3]])\n",
-    "b = array([[2, 4]])\n",
+    "a = np.array([[-1],[3]])\n",
+    "b = np.array([[2, 4]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part e\n",
-    "a = array([[2, 4]])\n",
-    "b = array([[-1],[3]])\n",
+    "a = np.array([[2, 4]])\n",
+    "b = np.array([[-1],[3]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part f\n",
-    "a = array([[0, 1 ,0],[0, 0, 0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
-    "b = array([[1, -5, 2],[2, 3, 4],[9 ,-1, 3]])\n",
+    "a = np.array([[0, 1 ,0],[0, 0, 0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
+    "b = np.array([[1, -5, 2],[2, 3, 4],[9 ,-1, 3]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------------------------------'\n",
     "#Part g\n",
-    "a = array([[1, -5, 2],[2, 3, 4],[9, -1, 3]])\n",
-    "b = array([[0, 1, 0],[0 ,0 ,0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
+    "a = np.array([[1, -5, 2],[2, 3, 4],[9, -1, 3]])\n",
+    "b = np.array([[0, 1, 0],[0 ,0 ,0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
     "print 'a=\\n',a\n",
     "print 'b=\\n',b\n",
     "print 'ab = \\n',a.dot(b)"
@@ -529,10 +532,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,linalg\n",
-    "a = array([[0, 1],[1, 0]])\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "a = np.array([[0, 1],[1, 0]])\n",
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
-    "print 'inverse a = \\n',linalg.inv(a)"
+    "print 'inverse a = \\n',np.linalg.inv(a)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -544,7 +547,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 25,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -581,9 +584,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,linalg\n",
-    "a = array([[2, -1],[1 ,3]])\n",
-    "b = array([[2, -1],[1 ,3]]) #Temporary variable to store a\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "a = np.array([[2, -1],[1 ,3]])\n",
+    "b = np.array([[2, -1],[1 ,3]]) #Temporary variable to store a\n",
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
     "print 'Applying row tranformations'\n",
     "print 'Interchange R1 and R2'\n",
@@ -601,7 +604,7 @@
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
     "print 'Since a  has become an identity matrix. So, a is invertible'\n",
     "print 'inverse of a = '\n",
-    "print linalg.inv(b)# #a was stored in b"
+    "print np.linalg.inv(b)# #a was stored in b"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -613,7 +616,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 26,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -685,10 +688,10 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,identity,matrix\n",
-    "a = array([[1 ,1./2, 1.0/3],[1.0/2 ,1.0/3, 1.0/4],[1.0/3, 1.0/4, 1.0/5]])\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "a = np.array([[1 ,1./2, 1.0/3],[1.0/2 ,1.0/3, 1.0/4],[1.0/3, 1.0/4, 1.0/5]])\n",
     "print 'a = \\n',a\n",
-    "b = identity(3)\n",
+    "b = np.identity(3)\n",
     "print 'b = \\n',b\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations on a and b simultaneously,'\n",
     "print 'R2 = R2 - 1/2 * R1 and R3 = R3 - 1/3*R1'\n",
@@ -720,7 +723,7 @@
     "print 'R1 = R1 - 1/2 * R2'\n",
     "a[0,:] = a[0,:] -  1./2 * a[1,:]#\n",
     "b[0,:] = b[0,:] -  1./2 * b[1,:]#\n",
-    "print 'a = \\n',matrix.round(a)\n",
+    "print 'a = \\n',np.matrix.round(a)\n",
     "print 'b = \\n',b\n",
     "print 'Since, a = identity matrix of order 3*3. So, b is inverse of a'\n",
     "print 'inverse(a) = \\n',b"
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index cac42c12..cac42c12 100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter2_ctyqn3t.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 5659e3a2..cac42c12 100644..100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter2_ctyqn3t.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
@@ -101,9 +101,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "\n",
-    "A = array([[1, 2, 0 ,3 ,0],[0, 0, 1, 4, 0],[0, 0, 0, 0, 1]])\n",
+    "A = np.array([[1, 2, 0 ,3 ,0],[0, 0, 1, 4, 0],[0, 0, 0, 0, 1]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'The subspace of F**5 spanned by a1 a2 a3(row vectors of A) is called row space of A.'\n",
     "a1 = A[0,:]\n",
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
     "print 'a2 = ',a2\n",
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
     "print 'And, it is also the row space of B.'\n",
-    "B = array([[1, 2, 0, 3, 0],[0, 0, 1, 4, 0],[0, 0, 0, 0, 1],[-4, -8, 1 ,-8, 0]])\n",
+    "B = np.array([[1, 2, 0, 3, 0],[0, 0, 1, 4, 0],[0, 0, 0, 0, 1],[-4, -8, 1 ,-8, 0]])\n",
     "print 'B = \\n',B"
    ]
   },
@@ -137,24 +137,36 @@
      "text": [
       "V is the space of all polynomial functions over F.\n",
       "S contains the functions as:\n",
-      "n =  5\n",
+      "n =  17\n",
       "f0(x) =  1\n",
       "f1(x) =  x\n",
       "f2(x) =  x**2\n",
       "f3(x) =  x**3\n",
       "f4(x) =  x**4\n",
+      "f5(x) =  x**5\n",
+      "f6(x) =  x**6\n",
+      "f7(x) =  x**7\n",
+      "f8(x) =  x**8\n",
+      "f9(x) =  x**9\n",
+      "f10(x) =  x**10\n",
+      "f11(x) =  x**11\n",
+      "f12(x) =  x**12\n",
+      "f13(x) =  x**13\n",
+      "f14(x) =  x**14\n",
+      "f15(x) =  x**15\n",
+      "f16(x) =  x**16\n",
       "Then, V is the subspace spanned by set S.\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "from numpy import random\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "print 'V is the space of all polynomial functions over F.'\n",
     "print 'S contains the functions as:'\n",
-    "x = Symbol(\"x\")\n",
+    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
     "#n = round(rand()*10)#\n",
-    "n=random.randint(0,19)\n",
+    "n=np.random.randint(0,19)\n",
     "print 'n = ',n\n",
     "for i in range (0,n):\n",
     "    f = x**i#\n",
@@ -196,11 +208,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
-    "a1 = array([3 ,0, -3])\n",
-    "a2 = array([-1 ,1 ,2])\n",
-    "a3 = array([4 ,2, -2])\n",
-    "a4 = array([2 ,1, 1])\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "a1 = np.array([3 ,0, -3])\n",
+    "a2 = np.array([-1 ,1 ,2])\n",
+    "a3 = np.array([4 ,2, -2])\n",
+    "a4 = np.array([2 ,1, 1])\n",
     "print 'a1 = ',a1\n",
     "print 'a2 = ',a2\n",
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
@@ -236,9 +248,27 @@
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "S is the subset of F**n consisting of n vectors.\n",
-      "n =  1\n",
+      "n =  10\n",
       "e1 = \n",
-      "[ 1.]\n",
+      "[ 1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      "e2 = \n",
+      "[ 0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      "e3 = \n",
+      "[ 0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      "e4 = \n",
+      "[ 0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      "e5 = \n",
+      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      "e6 = \n",
+      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      "e7 = \n",
+      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.  0.]\n",
+      "e8 = \n",
+      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.  0.]\n",
+      "e9 = \n",
+      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.  0.]\n",
+      "e10 = \n",
+      "[ 0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  0.  1.]\n",
       "x1,x2,x3...xn are the scalars in F\n",
       "Putting a = x1*e1 + x2*e2 + x3*e3 + .... + xn*en\n",
       "So, a = (x1,x2,x3,...,xn)\n",
@@ -250,12 +280,12 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,random,identity\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "print 'S is the subset of F**n consisting of n vectors.'\n",
     "#n = round(rand() *10 + 1)#\\\n",
-    "n=random.randint(0,19)\n",
+    "n=np.random.randint(0,19)\n",
     "print 'n = ',n\n",
-    "I = identity(n)\n",
+    "I = np.identity(n)\n",
     "for i in range(0,n):\n",
     "    e = I[i,:]\n",
     "    print 'e%d = '%(i+1)\n",
@@ -312,17 +342,17 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,transpose,linalg\n",
-    "P = array([[-1, 4, 5],[ 0, 2, -3],[ 0, 0, 8]])\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "P = np.array([[-1, 4, 5],[ 0, 2, -3],[ 0, 0, 8]])\n",
     "print 'P = \\n',P\n",
-    "print '\\ninverse(P) = \\n',linalg.inv(P)\n",
+    "print '\\ninverse(P) = \\n',np.linalg.inv(P)\n",
     "a1 = P[:,0]\n",
     "a2 = P[:,1]\n",
     "a3 = P[:,2]\n",
     "print 'The vectors forming basis of F**3 are a1'', a2'', a3'''\n",
-    "print \"a1' = \\n\",transpose(a1)\n",
-    "print \"\\na2' = \\n\",transpose(a2)\n",
-    "print \"\\na3' = \\n\",transpose(a3)\n",
+    "print \"a1' = \\n\",np.transpose(a1)\n",
+    "print \"\\na2' = \\n\",np.transpose(a2)\n",
+    "print \"\\na3' = \\n\",np.transpose(a3)\n",
     "print 'The coordinates x1'',x2'',x3'' of vector a = [x1,x2,x3] is given by inverse(P)*[x1# x2# x3]'\n",
     "t = -10*a1 - 1./2*a2 - a3#\n",
     "print 'And, -10*a1'' - 1/2*a2'' - a3'' = ',t"
@@ -440,7 +470,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,identity,rank,vstack\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "a1 = [1 ,2 ,2, 1]#\n",
     "a2 = [0 ,2 ,0 ,1]#\n",
     "a3 = [-2, 0, -4, 3]#\n",
@@ -450,12 +480,12 @@
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
     "print 'The matrix A from these vectors will be:'\n",
     "#A = [a1],[a2], [a3]]\n",
-    "A=array([a1,a2,a3])\n",
+    "A=np.array([a1,a2,a3])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "\n",
     "print 'Finding Row reduced echelon matrix of A that is given by R'\n",
     "print 'And applying same operations on identity matrix Q such that R = QA'\n",
-    "Q = identity(3)\n",
+    "Q = np.identity(3)\n",
     "print 'Q = \\n',Q\n",
     "T = A#              #Temporary matrix to store A\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations on A and Q,we get'\n",
@@ -490,7 +520,7 @@
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Q = \\n',Q\n",
     "#part a\n",
-    "print 'rank of R = ',rank(R)\n",
+    "print 'rank of R = ',np.rank(R)\n",
     "\n",
     "print 'Since, Rank of R is 3, so a1, a2, a3 are independent'\n",
     "#part b\n",
@@ -512,19 +542,19 @@
     "print 'Since a1'' a2'' a3'' are all of the form (y1 y2 y3 y4) with y3 = 2*y1, hence they are in W.'\n",
     "print 'So, they are independent.'\n",
     "#part d\n",
-    "c = array([c1,c2,c3])\n",
-    "P = identity(3)\n",
+    "c = np.array([c1,c2,c3])\n",
+    "P = np.identity(3)\n",
     "for i in range(0,3):\n",
     "    b1 = c[i,0]\n",
     "    b2 = c[i,1]\n",
     "    b4 = c[i,3]\n",
-    "    x1 = array([b1, b2, b4]) * Q[:,0]\n",
-    "    x2 = array([b1, b2, b4])*Q[:,1]\n",
-    "    x3 = array([b1, b2, b4])*Q[:,2]\n",
+    "    x1 = np.array([b1, b2, b4]) * Q[:,0]\n",
+    "    x2 = np.array([b1, b2, b4])*Q[:,1]\n",
+    "    x3 = np.array([b1, b2, b4])*Q[:,2]\n",
     "    \n",
     "\n",
     "print 'Required matrix P such that X = PX'' is:'\n",
-    "P=vstack([x1,x2,x3])\n",
+    "P=np.vstack([x1,x2,x3])\n",
     "print 'P = \\n',P\n",
     "#print x1"
    ]
@@ -656,13 +686,13 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,identity\n",
-    "A = array([[1, 2, 0, 3, 0],[1, 2, -1, -1, 0],[0 ,0 ,1 ,4 ,0],[2, 4 ,1 ,10, 1],[0 ,0 ,0 ,0 ,1]])\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "A = np.array([[1, 2, 0, 3, 0],[1, 2, -1, -1, 0],[0 ,0 ,1 ,4 ,0],[2, 4 ,1 ,10, 1],[0 ,0 ,0 ,0 ,1]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "#part a\n",
     "T = A#                  #Temporary storing A in T\n",
     "print 'Taking an identity matrix P:'\n",
-    "P = identity(5)\n",
+    "P = np.identity(5)\n",
     "print 'P = \\n',P\n",
     "print 'Applying row transformations on P and A to get a row reduced echelon matrix R:'\n",
     "print 'R2 = R2 - R1 and R4 = R4 - 2* R1'\n",
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 2e2e4be2..2e2e4be2 100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter3_UNgU4ev.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 4007526a..2e2e4be2 100644..100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter3_UNgU4ev.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "a1 = [1, 2]#\n",
     "a2 = [3 ,4]#\n",
     "print 'a1 = ',a1\n",
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
     "print 'Now, we find scalars c1 and c2 for that we know T(c1a1 + c2a2) = c1(Ta1) + c2(Ta2))'\n",
     "print 'if(1,0) = c1(1,2) + c2(3,4), then '\n",
     "#c = inv([a1#a2]') * [1#0]#\n",
-    "c=array([a1,a2]).dot(array([[1],[0]]))\n",
+    "c=np.array([a1,a2]).dot(np.array([[1],[0]]))\n",
     "c1 = c[0,0]\n",
     "c2 = c[1,0]\n",
     "print 'c1 = ',c1\n",
@@ -84,27 +84,27 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "x1 =  3\n",
-      "x2 =  8\n",
-      "T(3,8) =  [11, 3]\n",
+      "x1 =  5\n",
+      "x2 =  2\n",
+      "T(5,2) =  [7, 5]\n",
       "If, T(x1,x2) = 0, then\n",
       "x1 = x2 = 0\n",
       "So, T is non-singular\n",
       "z1,z2 are two scalars in F\n",
       "z1 =  0\n",
-      "z2 =  4\n",
-      "So, x1 =  4\n",
-      "x2 =  -4\n",
+      "z2 =  8\n",
+      "So, x1 =  8\n",
+      "x2 =  -8\n",
       "Hence, T is onto.\n",
-      "inverse(T) =  [4, -4]\n"
+      "inverse(T) =  [8, -8]\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,random\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "#x = round(rand(1,2) * 10)#\n",
-    "x1 = random.randint(1,9)\n",
-    "x2 = random.randint(1,9)\n",
+    "x1 = np.random.randint(1,9)\n",
+    "x2 = np.random.randint(1,9)\n",
     "T = [x1+x2 ,x1]\n",
     "print 'x1 = ',x1\n",
     "print 'x2 = ',x2\n",
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@
     "print 'So, T is non-singular'\n",
     "print 'z1,z2 are two scalars in F'\n",
     "\n",
-    "z1 = random.randint(0,9)\n",
-    "z2 = random.randint(0,9)\n",
+    "z1 = np.random.randint(0,9)\n",
+    "z2 = np.random.randint(0,9)\n",
     "print 'z1 = ',z1\n",
     "print 'z2 = ',z2\n",
     "x1 = z2#\n",
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -207,14 +207,14 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,zeros\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol,diff\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
     "print 'Differentiation operator D is defined as:'\n",
-    "D = zeros([4,4])\n",
-    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
+    "D = np.zeros([4,4])\n",
+    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "for i in range(1,5):\n",
     "    t= i-1#\n",
-    "    f = diff(x**t,'x')\n",
+    "    f = sp.diff(x**t,'x')\n",
     "    print '(Df%d)(x) = '%(i),\n",
     "    print f\n",
     "    if  not(i == 1):\n",
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -263,19 +263,19 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,transpose,linalg\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "print 'T is a linear operator on R**2 defined as T(x1,x2) = (x1,0)'\n",
     "print 'So, the matrix T in standard ordered basis B = {e1,e2} is '\n",
-    "T = array([[1, 0],[0, 0]])\n",
+    "T = np.array([[1, 0],[0, 0]])\n",
     "print '[T]B = ',T\n",
     "print 'Let B'' is the ordered basis for R**2 consisting of vectors:'\n",
-    "E1 = array([1, 1])\n",
-    "E2 = array([2 ,1])\n",
+    "E1 = np.array([1, 1])\n",
+    "E2 = np.array([2 ,1])\n",
     "print 'E1 = ',E1\n",
     "print 'E2 = ',E2\n",
-    "P = transpose(([E1,E2]))\n",
+    "P = np.transpose(([E1,E2]))\n",
     "print 'So, matrix P = \\n',P\n",
-    "Pinv=linalg.inv(P)\n",
+    "Pinv=np.linalg.inv(P)\n",
     "print 'P inverse = \\n',Pinv\n",
     "T1 = Pinv*T*P#\n",
     "print 'So, matrix T in ordered basis B'' is [T]B'' = \\n',T1"
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -316,24 +316,24 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol, Matrix\n",
-    "t = Symbol(\"t\")\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "t = sp.Symbol(\"t\")\n",
     "print 'g1 = f1'\n",
     "print 'g2 = t*f1 + f2'\n",
     "print 'g3 = t**2*f1 + 2*t*f2 + f3'\n",
     "print 'g4 = t**3*f1 + 3*t**2*f2 + 3*t*f3 + f4'\n",
-    "P = Matrix(([1, t, t**2, t**3],[0 ,1 ,2*t, 3*t**2],[0, 0, 1, 3*t],[0, 0, 0, 1]))\n",
+    "P = sp.Matrix(([1, t, t**2, t**3],[0 ,1 ,2*t, 3*t**2],[0, 0, 1, 3*t],[0, 0, 0, 1]))\n",
     "print 'P = \\n',P\n",
     "\n",
-    "print 'inverse P = \\n',Matrix.inv(P)\n",
+    "print 'inverse P = \\n',sp.Matrix.inv(P)\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "print 'Matrix of differentiation operator D in ordered basis B is:'# #As found in example 15\n",
-    "D = Matrix(([0, 1, 0, 0],[0, 0, 2, 0],[0, 0, 0, 3],[0, 0, 0, 0]))\n",
+    "D = sp.Matrix(([0, 1, 0, 0],[0, 0, 2, 0],[0, 0, 0, 3],[0, 0, 0, 0]))\n",
     "print 'D = \\n',D\n",
     "print 'Matrix of D in ordered basis B'' is:'\n",
-    "print 'inverse(P) * D * P = ',Matrix.inv(P)*D*P\n"
+    "print 'inverse(P) * D * P = ',sp.Matrix.inv(P)*D*P\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -354,41 +354,47 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "n =  5\n",
+      "n =  8\n",
       "A = \n",
-      "[[  5.   9.   7.   8.   6.]\n",
-      " [  3.   3.   2.   7.   6.]\n",
-      " [  5.   1.   3.   2.   6.]\n",
-      " [  1.   2.  10.   4.   1.]\n",
-      " [  9.   0.   7.   5.   7.]]\n",
+      "[[  7.   3.   0.   4.   6.   8.   4.   4.]\n",
+      " [  6.   4.   2.   8.   7.   8.   1.   7.]\n",
+      " [  7.   0.   9.   3.  10.   9.   3.   8.]\n",
+      " [  7.   5.  10.   1.   8.   6.   6.   5.]\n",
+      " [  8.   8.   9.   9.   1.   9.  10.   4.]\n",
+      " [  6.   3.   5.   2.   2.   4.   8.   4.]\n",
+      " [  5.   1.   1.   2.   6.   9.   9.   5.]\n",
+      " [  8.   6.   9.   9.   8.   9.   1.   2.]]\n",
       "Trace of A:\n",
-      "tr(A) =  22.0\n",
+      "tr(A) =  37.0\n",
       "--------------------------------\n",
-      "c =  2\n",
+      "c =  3\n",
       "B = \n",
-      "[[  6.   8.   8.   2.   4.]\n",
-      " [  7.   6.   4.   3.   7.]\n",
-      " [  6.   9.   8.   4.   8.]\n",
-      " [  1.   4.   8.   4.   6.]\n",
-      " [ 10.   8.   2.   1.   6.]]\n",
+      "[[  4.   6.  10.   5.   8.   4.   1.   9.]\n",
+      " [  9.   9.   3.   6.   3.   8.   2.   6.]\n",
+      " [  1.   6.   0.   7.   7.   2.   8.   4.]\n",
+      " [  5.   5.   9.   7.   9.   3.   9.   9.]\n",
+      " [  7.   7.  10.   6.   1.   1.   7.   4.]\n",
+      " [  0.   3.  10.   9.   5.   2.   8.   4.]\n",
+      " [  1.   8.   2.   4.   5.   4.   4.   8.]\n",
+      " [  7.   0.   1.   8.   2.   7.   4.   7.]]\n",
       "Trace of B:\n",
-      "tr(B) =  30.0\n",
-      "tr(cA + B) =  74.0\n"
+      "tr(B) =  34.0\n",
+      "tr(cA + B) =  145.0\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,random\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "def trace_matrix(M,n):\n",
     "    tr=0\n",
     "    for i in range(0,n):\n",
     "        tr = tr + M[i,i]#\n",
     "    return tr\n",
     "#n = round(rand() * 10 + 2)#\n",
-    "n=random.randint(1,9)\n",
+    "n=np.random.randint(1,9)\n",
     "print 'n = ',n\n",
     "#A = round(rand(n,n) * 10)#\n",
-    "A=random.rand(n,n)\n",
+    "A=np.random.rand(n,n)\n",
     "for x in range(0,n):\n",
     "    for y in range(0,n):\n",
     "        A[x,y]=round(A[x,y]*10)\n",
@@ -401,10 +407,10 @@
     "print 'tr(A) = ',tr1\n",
     "print '--------------------------------'\n",
     "#c = round(rand() * 10 + 2)#\n",
-    "c=random.randint(2,9)\n",
+    "c=np.random.randint(2,9)\n",
     "print 'c = ',c\n",
     "\n",
-    "B=random.rand(n,n)\n",
+    "B=np.random.rand(n,n)\n",
     "for x in range(0,n):\n",
     "    for y in range(0,n):\n",
     "        B[x,y]=round(B[x,y]*10)\n",
@@ -425,7 +431,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -482,9 +488,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "print 'Matrix represented by given linear functionals on R**4:'\n",
-    "A = array([[1, 2 ,2 ,1],[0, 2, 0, 1],[-2 ,0 ,-4, 3]])\n",
+    "A = np.array([[1, 2 ,2 ,1],[0, 2, 0, 1],[-2 ,0 ,-4, 3]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "T = A              #Temporary matrix to store A\n",
     "print 'To find Row reduced echelon matrix of A given by R:'\n",
@@ -526,7 +532,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -561,7 +567,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "print 'W be the subspace of R**5 spanned by vectors:'\n",
     "a1 = [2, -2, 3 ,4 ,-1]#\n",
     "a2 = [-1, 1, 2, 5, 2]#\n",
@@ -572,7 +578,7 @@
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
     "print 'a4 = ',a4\n",
     "print 'Matrix A by the row vectors a1,a2,a3,a4 will be:'\n",
-    "A = array([a1,a2,a3,a4])\n",
+    "A = np.array([a1,a2,a3,a4])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'After Applying row transformations, we get the row reduced echelon matrix R of A'\n",
     "\n",
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 3fb3b384..3fb3b384 100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter4_JbH1k27.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index c3b1c0c4..3fb3b384 100644..100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter4_JbH1k27.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
@@ -50,10 +50,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,identity\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "from sympy.polys.polyfuncs import horner\n",
     "print 'C is the field of complex numbers'\n",
-    "x = Symbol(\"x\")\n",
+    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
     "def f(x):\n",
     "    ff= x**2 + 2\n",
     "    return ff\n",
@@ -69,9 +70,9 @@
     "\n",
     "#part b\n",
     "print 'If a is the algebra of all 2*2 matrices over C and'\n",
-    "B = array([[1 ,0],[-1, 2]])\n",
+    "B = np.array([[1 ,0],[-1, 2]])\n",
     "print 'B = \\n',B\n",
-    "print 2*identity(2) + B**2,'then, f(B) = '\n",
+    "print 2*np.identity(2) + B**2,'then, f(B) = '\n",
     "print '----------------------------------------'\n",
     "\n",
     "#part c\n",
@@ -116,8 +117,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "x = Symbol('x')\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "x = sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "p1 = x + 2#\n",
     "p2 = x**2 + 8*x + 16#\n",
     "print 'M = (x+2)F[x] + (x**2 + 8x + 16)F[x]'\n",
@@ -168,8 +169,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "x = Symbol('x')\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "x = sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "\n",
     "#part a\n",
     "p1 = x + 2#\n",
@@ -231,8 +232,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "x = Symbol('x')\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "x = sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "\n",
     "print 'M is the ideal in F[x] generated by:'\n",
     "print '(x-1)*(x+2)**2'\n",
@@ -284,8 +285,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
-    "x = Symbol('x')\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "x = sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "P = x**2 + 1#\n",
     "print P,'P = '\n",
     "print 'P is reducible over complex numbers as: ',\n",
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter5_0VUnA6n.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index aa99d655..aa99d655 100644
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter5_0VUnA6n.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 9ad1cbe2..9ad1cbe2 100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter6_Vet62xI.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 5499419a..9ad1cbe2 100644..100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter6_Vet62xI.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 26,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -34,13 +34,13 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix,eye\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
     "print 'Standard ordered matrix for Linear operator T on R**2 is:'\n",
-    "A = Matrix(([0, -1],[1 ,0]))\n",
+    "A = sp.Matrix(([0, -1],[1 ,0]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'The characteristic polynomial for T or A is:',\n",
-    "x = Symbol(\"x\")\n",
-    "p = (x*eye(2)-A)\n",
+    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
+    "p = (x*sp.eye(2)-A)\n",
     "print p\n",
     "print 'Since this polynomial has no real roots,T has no characteristic values.'"
    ]
@@ -84,28 +84,28 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix,eye,solve\n",
-    "A = Matrix(([3, 1, -1],[ 2, 2, -1],[2, 2, 0]))\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "A = sp.Matrix(([3, 1, -1],[ 2, 2, -1],[2, 2, 0]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial for A is:',\n",
-    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
+    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "p = A.charpoly(x)#\n",
     "print p.as_expr()\n",
     "print 'or'\n",
     "print '(x-1)(x-2)**2'\n",
     "\n",
-    "r = solve(p.as_expr())#\n",
+    "r = sp.solve(p.as_expr())#\n",
     "[m,n] = A.shape\n",
     "print 'The characteristic values of A are:'\n",
     "print r  #print round(r)\n",
-    "B = A-eye(m)\n",
+    "B = A-sp.eye(m)\n",
     "print 'Now, A-I = \\n',B\n",
     "\n",
     "print 'rank of A - I= ',B.rank()\n",
     "print 'So, nullity of T-I = 1'\n",
     "a1 = [1 ,0 ,2]#\n",
     "print 'The vector that spans the null space of T-I = ',a1\n",
-    "B = A-2*eye(m)\n",
+    "B = A-2*sp.eye(m)\n",
     "print 'Now,A-2I = \\n',B\n",
     "print 'rank of A - 2I= ',B.rank()\n",
     "print 'T*alpha = 2*alpha if alpha is a scalar multiple of a2'\n",
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 28,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -184,14 +184,14 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,transpose,vstack,rank\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix,eye\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "print 'Standard ordered matrix for Linear operator T on R**3 is:'\n",
-    "A = Matrix(([5, -6, -6],[ -1, 4, 2],[ 3, -6, -4]))\n",
+    "A = sp.Matrix(([5, -6, -6],[ -1, 4, 2],[ 3, -6, -4]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'xI - A = '\n",
-    "B = eye(3)\n",
-    "x = Symbol('x')\n",
+    "B = sp.eye(3)\n",
+    "x = sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "P = x*B - A#\n",
     "print P\n",
     "\n",
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@
     "print '=>'\n",
     "print ' * ', c\n",
     "print P\n",
-    "P = Matrix(([P[0,0], P[0,2]],[P[2,0], P[2,2]]))\n",
+    "P = sp.Matrix(([P[0,0], P[0,2]],[P[2,0], P[2,2]]))\n",
     "print '=>'\n",
     "print ' * ', c\n",
     "print P\n",
@@ -222,24 +222,24 @@
     "\n",
     "print 'Now, A - I = ',A-B\n",
     "print 'And, A- 2I = ',A-2*B\n",
-    "print 'rank(A-I) = ',rank(A-B)\n",
+    "print 'rank(A-I) = ',np.rank(A-B)\n",
     "\n",
-    "print 'rank(A-2I) = ',rank(A-2*B)\n",
+    "print 'rank(A-2I) = ',np.rank(A-2*B)\n",
     "print 'W1,W2 be the spaces of characteristic vectors associated with values 1,2'\n",
     "print 'So by theorem 2, T is diagonalizable'\n",
-    "a1 = array([[3, -1 ,3]])\n",
-    "a2 = array([[2, 1, 0]])\n",
-    "a3 = array([[2, 0, 1]])\n",
+    "a1 = np.array([[3, -1 ,3]])\n",
+    "a2 = np.array([[2, 1, 0]])\n",
+    "a3 = np.array([[2, 0, 1]])\n",
     "print 'Null space of (T- I) i.e basis of W1 is spanned by a1 = ',a1\n",
     "print 'Null space of (T- 2I) i.e. basis of W2 is spanned by vectors x1,x2,x3 such that x1 = 2x1 + 2x3'\n",
     "print 'One example :'\n",
     "print 'a2 = ',a2\n",
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
     "print 'The diagonal matrix is:'\n",
-    "D = array([[1 ,0 ,0 ],[0, 2, 0],[0, 0, 2]])\n",
+    "D = np.array([[1 ,0 ,0 ],[0, 2, 0],[0, 0, 2]])\n",
     "print 'D = ',D\n",
     "print 'The standard basis matrix is denoted as:'\n",
-    "P = transpose(vstack([a1,a2,a3]))\n",
+    "P = np.transpose(np.vstack([a1,a2,a3]))\n",
     "print 'P = ',P\n",
     "print 'AP = ',A*P\n",
     "print 'PD = ',P*D\n",
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 29,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -298,37 +298,37 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,transpose,vstack,rank\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix,eye\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
     "\n",
-    "x = Symbol(\"x\")\n",
-    "A = array([[5, -6, -6],[ -1, 4 ,2],[ 3, -6, -4]])   #Matrix given in Example 3\n",
+    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
+    "A = np.array([[5, -6, -6],[ -1, 4 ,2],[ 3, -6, -4]])   #Matrix given in Example 3\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "f = (x-1)*(x-2)**2# \n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial of A is:'\n",
     "print 'f = (x-1)(x-2)**2'\n",
     "print 'i.e., f = ',f\n",
     "p = (x-1)*(x-2)#\n",
-    "print '(A-I)(A-2I) = ',(A-eye(3))*(A-2 * eye(3))\n",
+    "print '(A-I)(A-2I) = ',(A-sp.eye(3))*(A-2 * sp.eye(3))\n",
     "print 'Since, (A-I)(A-2I) = 0. So, Minimal polynomial for above is:'\n",
     "print 'p = ',p\n",
     "print '---------------------------------------'\n",
     "\n",
-    "A = array([[3, 1 ,-1],[ 2, 2 ,-1],[2, 2, 0]])    #Matrix given in Example 2\n",
+    "A = np.array([[3, 1 ,-1],[ 2, 2 ,-1],[2, 2, 0]])    #Matrix given in Example 2\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "f = (x-1)*(x-2)**2# \n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial of A is:'\n",
     "print 'f = (x-1)(x-2)**2'\n",
     "print 'i.e., f = ',f\n",
-    "print '(A-I)(A-2I) = ',(A-eye(3))*(A-2 * eye(3))\n",
+    "print '(A-I)(A-2I) = ',(A-sp.eye(3))*(A-2 * sp.eye(3))\n",
     "print 'Since, (A-I)(A-2I) is not equal to 0. T is not diagonalizable. So, Minimal polynomial cannot be p.'\n",
     "print '---------------------------------------'\n",
-    "A = array([[0, -1],[1, 0]])\n",
+    "A = np.array([[0, -1],[1, 0]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "f = x**2 + 1#\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial of A is:'\n",
     "print 'f = ',f\n",
-    "print 'A**2 + I = ',A**2 + eye(2)\n",
+    "print 'A**2 + I = ',A**2 + sp.eye(2)\n",
     "print 'Since, A**2 + I = 0, so minimal polynomial is'\n",
     "p = x**2 + 1\n",
     "print 'p = ',p"
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 30,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      " A = \n",
+      "A = \n",
       "[[0 1 0 1]\n",
       " [1 0 1 0]\n",
       " [0 1 0 1]\n",
@@ -381,9 +381,9 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,transpose,vstack,rank\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix,eye,solve\n",
-    "A = array([[0, 1, 0, 1],[1, 0 ,1 ,0],[0, 1, 0, 1],[1, 0, 1, 0]])\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "A = np.array([[0, 1, 0, 1],[1, 0 ,1 ,0],[0, 1, 0, 1],[1, 0, 1, 0]])\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Computing powers on A:'\n",
     "print 'A**2 = \\n',A*A\n",
@@ -393,12 +393,12 @@
     "    return pp\n",
     "print 'if p = x**3 - 4x, then'\n",
     "print 'p(A) = ',p(A)\n",
-    "x = Symbol(\"x\")\n",
+    "x = sp.Symbol(\"x\")\n",
     "f = x**3 - 4*x\n",
     "print 'Minimal polynomial for A is: ',f\n",
-    "print 'Characteristic values for A are:',solve(f,x)\n",
-    "print 'Rank(A) = ',rank(A)\n",
-    "print 'So, from theorem 2, characteristic polynomial for A is:',Matrix(A).charpoly(x).as_expr()"
+    "print 'Characteristic values for A are:',sp.solve(f,x)\n",
+    "print 'Rank(A) = ',np.rank(A)\n",
+    "print 'So, from theorem 2, characteristic polynomial for A is:',sp.Matrix(A).charpoly(x).as_expr()"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 31,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -420,51 +420,51 @@
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "A = \n",
-      "[[ 9.  3.  3.]\n",
-      " [ 7.  4.  4.]\n",
-      " [ 1.  1.  2.]]\n",
+      "[[  9.   1.   3.]\n",
+      " [ 10.   1.   3.]\n",
+      " [ 10.   5.   1.]]\n",
       "A transpose is:\n",
       "A' = \n",
-      "[[ 9.  7.  1.]\n",
-      " [ 3.  4.  1.]\n",
-      " [ 3.  4.  2.]]\n",
+      "[[  9.  10.  10.]\n",
+      " [  1.   1.   5.]\n",
+      " [  3.   3.   1.]]\n",
       "Since, A' is not equal to A, A is not a symmetric matrix.\n",
       "Since, A' is not equal to -A, A is not a skew-symmetric matrix.\n",
       "A can be expressed as sum of A1 and A2\n",
       "i.e., A = A1 + A2\n",
       "A1 = \n",
-      "[[ 9.   5.   2. ]\n",
-      " [ 5.   4.   2.5]\n",
-      " [ 2.   2.5  2. ]]\n",
+      "[[ 9.   5.5  6.5]\n",
+      " [ 5.5  1.   4. ]\n",
+      " [ 6.5  4.   1. ]]\n",
       "A2 = \n",
-      "[[ 0.  -2.   1. ]\n",
-      " [ 2.   0.   1.5]\n",
-      " [-1.  -1.5  0. ]]\n",
+      "[[ 0.  -4.5 -3.5]\n",
+      " [ 4.5  0.  -1. ]\n",
+      " [ 3.5  1.   0. ]]\n",
       "A1 + A2 = \n",
-      "[[ 9.  3.  3.]\n",
-      " [ 7.  4.  4.]\n",
-      " [ 1.  1.  2.]]\n"
+      "[[  9.   1.   3.]\n",
+      " [ 10.   1.   3.]\n",
+      " [ 10.   5.   1.]]\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,transpose,random,equal\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "\n",
-    "A = random.rand(3,3)\n",
+    "A = np.random.rand(3,3)\n",
     "for i in range(0,3):\n",
     "    for j in range(0,3):\n",
     "        A[i,j]=round(A[i,j]*10)\n",
     "    \n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'A transpose is:\\n',\n",
-    "Adash=transpose(A)\n",
+    "Adash=np.transpose(A)\n",
     "print \"A' = \\n\",Adash\n",
-    "if equal(Adash,A).all():\n",
+    "if np.equal(Adash,A).all():\n",
     "    print \"Since, A' = A, A is a symmetric matrix.\"\n",
     "else:\n",
     "    print \"Since, A' is not equal to A, A is not a symmetric matrix.\"\n",
     "\n",
-    "if equal(Adash,-A).all():\n",
+    "if np.equal(Adash,-A).all():\n",
     "    print \"Since, A' = -A, A is a skew-symmetric matrix.\"\n",
     "else:\n",
     "    print \"Since, A' is not equal to -A, A is not a skew-symmetric matrix.\"\n",
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter7_TclM939.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index a6ddec49..8aae5981 100644..100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter7_TclM939.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix\n",
-    "A = Matrix(([5, -6, -6],[-1, 4 ,2],[3, -6, -4]))\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "import sympy as sp\n",
+    "A = sp.Matrix(([5, -6, -6],[-1, 4 ,2],[3, -6, -4]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
-    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
+    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "f = A.charpoly(x).as_expr()\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial for linear operator T on R**3 will be:'\n",
     "print 'f = ',f\n",
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
     "print 'pp2 = ',p*p2\n",
     "print 'i.e., pp2 = f'\n",
     "print 'Therefore, A is similar to B'\n",
-    "B = array([[0, -2, 0],[1, 3, 0],[0, 0 ,2]])\n",
+    "B = np.array([[0, -2, 0],[1, 3, 0],[0, 0 ,2]])\n",
     "print 'B = \\n',B\n",
     "print 'Thus, we can see thet Matrix of T in ordered basis is B'"
    ]
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -121,9 +121,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix\n",
-    "\n",
     "print 'A = '\n",
     "print '2   0   0'\n",
     "print 'a   2   0'\n",
@@ -131,20 +128,20 @@
     "a = 1#\n",
     "b = 0#\n",
     "c = 0#\n",
-    "A = Matrix(([2, 0, 0],[a, 2, 0],[b, c, -1]))\n",
+    "A = sp.Matrix(([2, 0, 0],[a, 2, 0],[b, c, -1]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial for A is:'\n",
-    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
+    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "print 'p = ',A.charpoly(x).as_expr()\n",
     "print 'In this case, minimal polynomial is same as characteristic polynomial.'\n",
     "print '-----------------------------------------'\n",
     "a = 0#\n",
     "b = 0#\n",
     "c = 0#\n",
-    "A = Matrix(([2, 0, 0],[a, 2, 0],[b, c, -1]))\n",
+    "A = sp.Matrix(([2, 0, 0],[a, 2, 0],[b, c, -1]))\n",
     "print 'A = \\n',A\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial for A is:'\n",
-    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
+    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "print 'p = ',A.charpoly(x).as_expr()\n",
     "print 'In this case, minimal polynomial is:',\n",
     "print '(x-2)(x+1)'\n",
@@ -167,7 +164,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -194,16 +191,14 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array\n",
-    "from sympy import Symbol,Matrix\n",
     "print 'A = '\n",
     "print '2   0   0   0'\n",
     "print '1   2   0   0'\n",
     "print '0   0   2   0'\n",
     "print '0   0   a   2'\n",
     "print 'Considering a = 1'\n",
-    "A = Matrix(([2, 0 ,0 ,0],[1, 2, 0, 0],[0, 0 ,2 ,0],[0, 0, 1, 2]))\n",
-    "x=Symbol('x')\n",
+    "A = sp.Matrix(([2, 0 ,0 ,0],[1, 2, 0, 0],[0, 0 ,2 ,0],[0, 0, 1, 2]))\n",
+    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "p = A.charpoly(x).as_expr()\n",
     "print 'Characteristic polynomial for A is:'\n",
     "print 'p = ',p\n",
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index bd958b35..bd958b35 100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 6f1bfe72..6f1bfe72 100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter8_O8vLz4s.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index 6759a185..6f1bfe72 100644..100755
--- a/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze/Chapter8_O8vLz4s.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Algebra_by_K._Hoffman_and_R._Kunze_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 16,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -25,30 +25,31 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "n =  4\n",
-      "a =  [[ 1.  5.  4.  1.]]\n",
-      "b =  [[ 8.  6.  6.  8.]]\n",
+      "n =  5\n",
+      "a =  [[ 1.  4.  2.  8.  8.]]\n",
+      "b =  [[ 10.   8.   3.   1.   8.]]\n",
       "Then, (a|b) = \n",
       "\n",
-      "[[  8.  40.  32.   8.]\n",
-      " [  6.  30.  24.   6.]\n",
-      " [  6.  30.  24.   6.]\n",
-      " [  8.  40.  32.   8.]]\n"
+      "[[ 10.  40.  20.  80.  80.]\n",
+      " [  8.  32.  16.  64.  64.]\n",
+      " [  3.  12.   6.  24.  24.]\n",
+      " [  1.   4.   2.   8.   8.]\n",
+      " [  8.  32.  16.  64.  64.]]\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,random,transpose\n",
-    "n=random.randint(2,9)\n",
-    "a=random.rand(1,n)\n",
-    "b=random.rand(1,n)\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "n=np.random.randint(2,9)\n",
+    "a=np.random.rand(1,n)\n",
+    "b=np.random.rand(1,n)\n",
     "for i in range(0,n):\n",
     "    a[0,i]=round(a[0,i]*10)\n",
     "    b[0,i]=round(b[0,i]*10)\n",
     "print 'n = ',n\n",
     "print 'a = ',a\n",
     "print 'b = ',b\n",
-    "print 'Then, (a|b) = \\n\\n',a*transpose(b)"
+    "print 'Then, (a|b) = \\n\\n',a*np.transpose(b)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 17,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -69,16 +70,16 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "a =  [[ 9.  4.]]\n",
-      "b =  [[ 1.  9.]]\n",
-      "Then, a|b =  68.0\n"
+      "a =  [[ 4.  3.]]\n",
+      "b =  [[ 7.  5.]]\n",
+      "Then, a|b =  47.0\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,random,transpose\n",
-    "a=random.rand(1,2)\n",
-    "b=random.rand(1,2)\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "a=np.random.rand(1,2)\n",
+    "b=np.random.rand(1,2)\n",
     "for i in range(0,2):\n",
     "    a[0,i]=round(a[0,i]*10)\n",
     "    b[0,i]=round(b[0,i]*10)\n",
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 18,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -111,62 +112,62 @@
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "x1 and x2  are two real nos. i.e., x1**2 + x2**2 = 1\n",
-      "x1 =  0.248003219206\n",
-      "x2 =  0.968759208092\n",
+      "x1 =  0.383547227589\n",
+      "x2 =  0.923521263539\n",
       "B = \n",
-      "[[ 0.24800322  0.96875921  0.        ]\n",
+      "[[ 0.38354723  0.92352126  0.        ]\n",
       " [ 0.          1.          0.        ]\n",
       " [ 0.          0.          1.        ]]\n",
       "Applying Gram-Schmidt process to B:\n",
-      "a1 =  [ 0.24800322  0.96875921  0.        ]\n",
-      "a2 =  [-0.2402554  0.0615056  0.       ]\n",
+      "a1 =  [ 0.38354723  0.92352126  0.        ]\n",
+      "a2 =  [-0.35421402  0.14710848  0.        ]\n",
       "a3 =  [0 0 1]\n",
       "U = \n",
-      "[[[ 0.24800322  0.96875921  0.        ]]\n",
+      "[[[ 0.38354723  0.92352126  0.        ]]\n",
       "\n",
-      " [[-0.96875921  0.24800322  0.        ]]\n",
+      " [[-0.92352126  0.38354723  0.        ]]\n",
       "\n",
       " [[ 0.          0.          1.        ]]]\n",
       "M = \n",
       "[[ 1.          0.          0.        ]\n",
-      " [-3.90623642  4.03220572  0.        ]\n",
+      " [-2.40784236  2.60724085  0.        ]\n",
       " [ 0.          0.          1.        ]]\n",
-      "inverse(M) * U =  [[[ 0.24800322 -0.         -0.        ]\n",
-      "  [ 0.2402554   0.2402554   0.        ]\n",
-      "  [ 0.          0.          0.        ]]\n",
+      "inverse(M) * U =  [[[  3.83547228e-01  -4.25822963e-17   0.00000000e+00]\n",
+      "  [  3.54214020e-01   3.54214020e-01   0.00000000e+00]\n",
+      "  [  0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]]\n",
       "\n",
-      " [[-0.96875921 -0.         -0.        ]\n",
-      "  [-0.9384944   0.0615056   0.        ]\n",
-      "  [-0.          0.          0.        ]]\n",
+      " [[ -9.23521264e-01  -1.76848356e-17   0.00000000e+00]\n",
+      "  [ -8.52891524e-01   1.47108476e-01   0.00000000e+00]\n",
+      "  [ -0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]]\n",
       "\n",
-      " [[ 0.         -0.         -0.        ]\n",
-      "  [ 0.          0.          0.        ]\n",
-      "  [ 0.          0.          1.        ]]]\n",
+      " [[  0.00000000e+00  -0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]\n",
+      "  [  0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]\n",
+      "  [  0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   1.00000000e+00]]]\n",
       "So, B = inverse(M) * U\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,random,transpose,linalg,sqrt\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "print 'x1 and x2  are two real nos. i.e., x1**2 + x2**2 = 1'\n",
-    "x1 = random.rand()\n",
-    "x2 = sqrt(1 - x1**2)\n",
+    "x1 = np.random.rand()\n",
+    "x2 = np.sqrt(1 - x1**2)\n",
     "print 'x1 = ',x1\n",
     "print 'x2 = ',x2\n",
-    "B = array([[x1, x2, 0],[0, 1, 0],[0, 0, 1]])\n",
+    "B = np.array([[x1, x2, 0],[0, 1, 0],[0, 0, 1]])\n",
     "print 'B = \\n',B\n",
     "print 'Applying Gram-Schmidt process to B:'\n",
-    "a1 = array([x1, x2, 0])\n",
-    "a2 = array([0 ,1 ,0]) - x2 * array([x1 ,x2 ,0])\n",
-    "a3 = array([0, 0, 1])\n",
+    "a1 = np.array([x1, x2, 0])\n",
+    "a2 = np.array([0 ,1 ,0]) - x2 * np.array([x1 ,x2 ,0])\n",
+    "a3 = np.array([0, 0, 1])\n",
     "print 'a1 = ',a1\n",
     "print 'a2 = ',a2\n",
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
-    "U = array([[a1],[a2/x1],[a3]])\n",
+    "U = np.array([[a1],[a2/x1],[a3]])\n",
     "print 'U = \\n',U\n",
-    "M = array([[1, 0, 0],[-x2/x1, 1/x1, 0],[0, 0, 1]])\n",
+    "M = np.array([[1, 0, 0],[-x2/x1, 1/x1, 0],[0, 0, 1]])\n",
     "print 'M = \\n',M\n",
-    "print 'inverse(M) * U = ',linalg.inv(M) * U\n",
+    "print 'inverse(M) * U = ',np.linalg.inv(M) * U\n",
     "print 'So, B = inverse(M) * U'"
    ]
   },
@@ -179,7 +180,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -188,8 +189,8 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "(x,y) =  [[ 7.  4.]]\n",
-      "(-y,x) =  [-4.0, 7.0]\n",
+      "(x,y) =  [[ 5.  3.]]\n",
+      "(-y,x) =  [-3.0, 5.0]\n",
       "Inner product of these vectors is:\n",
       "(x,y)|(-y,x) =  0.0\n",
       "So, these are orthogonal.\n",
@@ -201,16 +202,16 @@
       "or\n",
       "y = 1/2(-3 - sqrt(13))*x\n",
       "Hence,\n",
-      "[[ 7.  4.]]\n",
+      "[[ 5.  3.]]\n",
       "is orthogonal to\n",
-      "[-4.0, 7.0]\n"
+      "[-3.0, 5.0]\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,random,transpose,linalg,sqrt\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "#a = round(rand(1,2) * 10)#\n",
-    "a=random.rand(1,2)\n",
+    "a=np.random.rand(1,2)\n",
     "for j in [0,1]:\n",
     "    a[0,j]=round(a[0,j]*10)\n",
     "\n",
@@ -232,7 +233,7 @@
     "print 'or'\n",
     "print 'y = 1/2(-3 - sqrt(13))*x'\n",
     "print 'Hence,'\n",
-    "if y == (1./2*(-3 + sqrt(13))*x) or (1./2*(-3 - sqrt(13))*x):\n",
+    "if y == (1./2*(-3 + np.sqrt(13))*x) or (1./2*(-3 - np.sqrt(13))*x):\n",
     "    print a\n",
     "    print 'is orthogonal to'\n",
     "    print b\n",
@@ -251,7 +252,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 20,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -283,19 +284,19 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,random,transpose,linalg,sqrt\n",
-    "b1 = array([3, 0, 4])\n",
-    "b2 = array([-1 ,0 ,7])\n",
-    "b3 = array([2 ,9 ,11])\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "b1 = np.array([3, 0, 4])\n",
+    "b2 = np.array([-1 ,0 ,7])\n",
+    "b3 = np.array([2 ,9 ,11])\n",
     "print 'b1 = ',b1\n",
     "print 'b2 = ',b2\n",
     "print 'b3 = ',b3\n",
     "print 'Applying the Gram-Schmidt process to b1,b2,b3:'\n",
     "a1 = b1\n",
     "print 'a1 = ',a1\n",
-    "a2 = b2-(transpose((b2*transpose(b1)))/25*b1)\n",
+    "a2 = b2-(np.transpose((b2*np.transpose(b1)))/25*b1)\n",
     "print 'a2 = ',a2\n",
-    "a3 = b3-(transpose(b3*transpose(b1))/25*b1) - (transpose(b3*transpose(a2))/25*a2)\n",
+    "a3 = b3-(np.transpose(b3*np.transpose(b1))/25*b1) - (np.transpose(b3*np.transpose(a2))/25*a2)\n",
     "print 'a3 = ',a3\n",
     "print '{a1,a2,a3} are mutually orthogonal and hence forms orthogonal basis for R**3'\n",
     "print 'Any arbitrary vector {x1,x2,x3} in R**3 can be expressed as:'\n",
@@ -325,7 +326,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 21,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -334,12 +335,12 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "A =  [[ 1.83351494  1.26265003]\n",
-      " [ 0.46651205  0.76790774]]\n",
-      "b1 =  [ 1.83351494  1.26265003]\n",
-      "b2 =  [ 0.46651205  0.76790774]\n",
+      "A =  [[ 1.25598176  1.81258697]\n",
+      " [ 0.6193707   0.80341686]]\n",
+      "b1 =  [ 1.25598176  1.81258697]\n",
+      "b2 =  [ 0.6193707   0.80341686]\n",
       "Applying the orthogonalization process to b1,b2:\n",
-      "[1.8335149394280341, 1.2626500316837608] a1 = \n",
+      "[1.255981755902444, 1.8125869670307564] a1 = \n",
       "[] a2 = \n",
       "a2 is not equal to zero if and only if b1 and b2 are linearly independent.\n",
       "That is, if determinant of A is non-zero.\n"
@@ -347,8 +348,8 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,random,transpose,linalg,sqrt\n",
-    "A = random.rand(2,2)\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "A = np.random.rand(2,2)\n",
     "A[0,:] = A[0,:] + 1# #so b1 is not equal to zero\n",
     "a = A[0,0]\n",
     "b = A[0,1]\n",
@@ -362,7 +363,7 @@
     "print 'Applying the orthogonalization process to b1,b2:'\n",
     "\n",
     "a1 = [a, b]\n",
-    "a2 = (linalg.det(A)/(a**2 + b**2))*[-transpose(b), transpose(a)]\n",
+    "a2 = (np.linalg.det(A)/(a**2 + b**2))*[-np.transpose(b), np.transpose(a)]\n",
     "print a1,'a1 = '\n",
     "print a2,'a2 = '\n",
     "print 'a2 is not equal to zero if and only if b1 and b2 are linearly independent.'\n",
@@ -378,7 +379,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 22,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -399,13 +400,13 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import array,random,transpose,linalg,sqrt\n",
-    "v = array([-10 ,2 ,8])\n",
-    "u = array([3, 12, -1])\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "v = np.array([-10 ,2 ,8])\n",
+    "u = np.array([3, 12, -1])\n",
     "print 'v = ',v\n",
     "print 'u = ',u\n",
     "print 'Orthogonal projection of v1 on subspace W spanned by v2 is given by:'\n",
-    "a = (transpose(u*transpose(v)))/(u[0]**2 + u[1]**2 + u[2]**2) * u\n",
+    "a = (np.transpose(u*np.transpose(v)))/(u[0]**2 + u[1]**2 + u[2]**2) * u\n",
     "print a\n",
     "print 'Orthogonal projection of R**3 on W is the linear transformation E given by:'\n",
     "print '(x1,x2,x3) -> (3*x1 + 12*x2 - x3)/%d * (3 12 -1)',(u[0]**2 + u[1]**2 + u[2]**2)\n",
@@ -422,7 +423,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 23,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -437,7 +438,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from mpmath import quad,cos,sin,pi,sqrt\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,cos,sin,pi,sqrt\n",
     "\n",
     "#part c\n",
     "print 'f = (sqrt(2)*cos(2*pi*t) + sqrt(2)*sin(4*pi*t))**2'\n",
@@ -457,7 +458,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 24,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -495,7 +496,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from numpy import vstack,array,transpose,conj\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
     "#Equation given in example 14 is used.\n",
     "def transform(x,y,z):\n",
     "    x1 = 3*x#\n",
@@ -508,10 +509,10 @@
     "t1 = transform(3,3,3)#\n",
     "t2 = transform(12,12,12)#\n",
     "t3 = transform(-1,-1,-1)#\n",
-    "A = vstack([t1,t2,t3])#[t1# t2# t3]#\n",
+    "A = np.vstack([t1,t2,t3])#[t1# t2# t3]#\n",
     "print 'A = 1/154  *  ',A\n",
     "\n",
-    "A1 = transpose(conj(A))\n",
+    "A1 = np.transpose(np.conj(A))\n",
     "print 'A* = ',A1\n",
     "print 'Since, E = E* and A = A*, then A is also the matrix of E*'\n",
     "a1 = [154, 0, 0]#\n",
@@ -527,10 +528,10 @@
     "print 'Ea1 = ',Ea1\n",
     "print 'Ea2 = ',Ea2\n",
     "print 'Ea3 = ',Ea3\n",
-    "B = array([[-1, 0, 0],[-1, 0 ,0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
+    "B = np.array([[-1, 0, 0],[-1, 0 ,0],[0, 0, 0]])\n",
     "print 'Matrix B of E in the basis is:'\n",
     "print 'B = \\n',B\n",
-    "B1 = transpose(conj(B))\n",
+    "B1 = np.transpose(np.conj(B))\n",
     "print 'B* = \\n',B1\n",
     "print 'Since, B is not equal to B*, B is not the matrix of E*'"
    ]
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch11.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
index 45094840..45094840 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch12.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
index c39c8ba5..c39c8ba5 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch13.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch13.ipynb
index bf527bf0..bf527bf0 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch13.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch14.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch14.ipynb
index d64bea33..d64bea33 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch14.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch3.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
index 7a4856f8..7a4856f8 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch4.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
index d9148952..d9148952 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch5.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
index 648c0739..648c0739 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch6.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
index c7160709..c7160709 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch7.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
index b665ce02..b665ce02 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch8.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
index df35b96e..df35b96e 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch9.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
index 5ae5cfbe..5ae5cfbe 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter01.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter01.ipynb
index 50e40e46..50e40e46 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter01.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter01.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter01_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter01_1.ipynb
index 50e40e46..50e40e46 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter01_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter01_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter02.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter02.ipynb
index fe244fef..fe244fef 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter02.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter02_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter02_1.ipynb
index fe244fef..fe244fef 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter02_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter02_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter03.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter03.ipynb
index 06ace2b9..06ace2b9 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter03.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter03_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter03_1.ipynb
index 06ace2b9..06ace2b9 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter03_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter03_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter04.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter04.ipynb
index 75a2b6a6..75a2b6a6 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter04.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter04_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter04_1.ipynb
index 75a2b6a6..75a2b6a6 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter04_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter04_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter05.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter05.ipynb
index 6aae196e..6aae196e 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter05.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter05_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter05_1.ipynb
index 65142a29..65142a29 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter05_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter05_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter06.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter06.ipynb
index 4b5636a7..4b5636a7 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter06.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter06.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter06_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter06_1.ipynb
index 4b5636a7..4b5636a7 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter06_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter06_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter07.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter07.ipynb
index a1dee947..a1dee947 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter07.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter07_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter07_1.ipynb
index a1dee947..a1dee947 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter07_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter07_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter08.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter08.ipynb
index 00e88ef0..00e88ef0 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter08.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter08_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter08_1.ipynb
index 00e88ef0..00e88ef0 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter08_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter08_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter09.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter09.ipynb
index 6159910d..6159910d 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter09.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter09_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter09_1.ipynb
index 6159910d..6159910d 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter09_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter09_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 0aaf0dd3..0aaf0dd3 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 0aaf0dd3..0aaf0dd3 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 9008b311..9008b311 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index 9008b311..9008b311 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_J._B._Gupta_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
index 40471853..40471853 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated_Ciruits.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated.ipynb
index 40471853..40471853 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated_Ciruits.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated_Ciruits_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated_Ciruits_1.ipynb
index 40471853..40471853 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated_Ciruits_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated_Ciruits_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated_Ciruits_2.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated_Ciruits_2.ipynb
index 40471853..40471853 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated_Ciruits_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_1_Circuit_Configuration_for_Linear_Integrated_Ciruits_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
index 7106978b..7106978b 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational_Amplifier.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational.ipynb
index 7106978b..7106978b 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational_Amplifier.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational_Amplifier_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational_Amplifier_1.ipynb
index 7106978b..7106978b 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational_Amplifier_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational_Amplifier_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational_Amplifier_2.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational_Amplifier_2.ipynb
index 7106978b..7106978b 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational_Amplifier_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_2_Applications_Of_Operational_Amplifier_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_4.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
index 8136593e..8136593e 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog_converters.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog.ipynb
index 8136593e..8136593e 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog_converters.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog_converters_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog_converters_1.ipynb
index 8136593e..8136593e 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog_converters_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog_converters_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog_converters_2.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog_converters_2.ipynb
index 8136593e..8136593e 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog_converters_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_4_Analog_to_Digital_and_Digital_to_Analog_converters_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index e51854b5..e51854b5 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated_Circuits.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated.ipynb
index e51854b5..e51854b5 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated_Circuits.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated_Circuits_1.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated_Circuits_1.ipynb
index e51854b5..e51854b5 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated_Circuits_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated_Circuits_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated_Circuits_2.ipynb b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated_Circuits_2.ipynb
index e51854b5..e51854b5 100755
--- a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated_Circuits_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_T._R._Ganesh_Babu_version_backup/Chapter_5_Special_Integrated_Circuits_2.ipynb
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_1FJHa67.ipynb b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 080cbafb..080cbafb 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter1_1FJHa67.ipynb
+++ b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_67BmtXx.ipynb b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index e89d127d..e89d127d 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter10_67BmtXx.ipynb
+++ b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_G92bOqJ.ipynb b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 06fa6f21..06fa6f21 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter11_G92bOqJ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_242icmu.ipynb b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index a94760d2..a94760d2 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter2_242icmu.ipynb
+++ b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_0WKL8dM.ipynb b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 09420950..09420950 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter3_0WKL8dM.ipynb
+++ b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_0E18xYL.ipynb b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index d78e1aa8..d78e1aa8 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter4_0E18xYL.ipynb
+++ b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_0Ke5Vhq.ipynb b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 87ac24ec..87ac24ec 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter5_0Ke5Vhq.ipynb
+++ b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_0a0tZuT.ipynb b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 55339520..55339520 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter6_0a0tZuT.ipynb
+++ b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter7_myr7YPo.ipynb b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 62974eb5..62974eb5 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter7_myr7YPo.ipynb
+++ b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_3bWeJYh.ipynb b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 1204506a..1204506a 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter8_3bWeJYh.ipynb
+++ b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_039FJN6.ipynb b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 6496faeb..6496faeb 100644
--- a/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti/Chapter9_039FJN6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_by_S.S._Bhavikatti_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch10.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch10.ipynb
index 1d59c739..1d59c739 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch10_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch10_1.ipynb
index 1e74026b..1e74026b 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch11.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
index f8fa86e3..f8fa86e3 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch11_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch11_1.ipynb
index 81cd13ac..81cd13ac 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch12.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
index 21de3f82..21de3f82 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch12_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch12_1.ipynb
index 01177ff1..01177ff1 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch13.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch13.ipynb
index 8a9638f2..8a9638f2 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch13.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch13_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch13_1.ipynb
index 020a19d3..020a19d3 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch14.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch14.ipynb
index 766ceb71..766ceb71 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch14.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch14_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch14_1.ipynb
index 955eef4c..955eef4c 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch15.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch15.ipynb
index 5a76fb0c..5a76fb0c 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch15.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch15_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch15_1.ipynb
index 2b3160d7..2b3160d7 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch16.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch16.ipynb
index 6197d784..6197d784 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch16.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch16_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch16_1.ipynb
index bc87342d..bc87342d 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch17.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch17.ipynb
index ea3f1c00..ea3f1c00 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch17.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch17_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch17_1.ipynb
index bd4b86bc..bd4b86bc 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch18.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch18.ipynb
index 517ede07..517ede07 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch18.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch18_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch18_1.ipynb
index edb3ac36..edb3ac36 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch19.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch19.ipynb
index ddcc05f3..ddcc05f3 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch19.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch19_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch19_1.ipynb
index e42db53e..e42db53e 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch20.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch20.ipynb
index 219efcd6..219efcd6 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch20.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch20_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch20_1.ipynb
index c0fb17e3..c0fb17e3 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch20_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch20_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch21.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch21.ipynb
index 8416f217..8416f217 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch21.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch21_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch21_1.ipynb
index 269495fb..269495fb 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch22.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch22.ipynb
index 30ed5549..30ed5549 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch22.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch22_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch22_1.ipynb
index b14d854b..b14d854b 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch22_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch22_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch23.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch23.ipynb
index 0ff4eb7a..0ff4eb7a 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch23.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch23_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch23_1.ipynb
index 2edefb8f..2edefb8f 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch23_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch23_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch24.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch24.ipynb
index 5467776a..5467776a 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch24.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch24_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch24_1.ipynb
index f165e145..f165e145 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch24_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch24_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch25.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch25.ipynb
index 1bf3748b..1bf3748b 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch25.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch25.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch25_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch25_1.ipynb
index f713233b..f713233b 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch25_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch25_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch26.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch26.ipynb
index ccdf600d..ccdf600d 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch26.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch26_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch26_1.ipynb
index c9bde487..c9bde487 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch26_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch26_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch27.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch27.ipynb
index bb7c2f69..bb7c2f69 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch27.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch27.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch27_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch27_1.ipynb
index adcb8623..adcb8623 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch27_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch27_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch28.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch28.ipynb
index ec28770b..ec28770b 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch28.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch28.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch28_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch28_1.ipynb
index 9f1fda0b..9f1fda0b 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch28_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch28_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch29.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch29.ipynb
index 292239dc..292239dc 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch29.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch29.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch29_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch29_1.ipynb
index 0f58d4f6..0f58d4f6 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch29_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch29_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch3.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
index f1b4e5f7..f1b4e5f7 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch30.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch30.ipynb
index 335560f0..335560f0 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch30.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch30.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch30_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch30_1.ipynb
index d03107c1..d03107c1 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch30_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch30_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch31.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch31.ipynb
index 890e011d..890e011d 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch31.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch31.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch31_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch31_1.ipynb
index 024ea67d..024ea67d 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch31_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch31_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch3_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch3_1.ipynb
index eab09e70..eab09e70 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch4.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
index 20051c72..20051c72 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch4_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch4_1.ipynb
index e296965c..e296965c 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch5.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
index ea122295..ea122295 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch5_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch5_1.ipynb
index 30efcbab..30efcbab 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch6.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
index b43adfe9..b43adfe9 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch6_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch6_1.ipynb
index 54908fbc..54908fbc 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch7.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
index 3a83b942..3a83b942 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch7_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch7_1.ipynb
index 02b194b6..02b194b6 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch8.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
index 520e04b8..520e04b8 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch8_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch8_1.ipynb
index 23f4219b..23f4219b 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch9.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
index 0e704ca7..0e704ca7 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch9_1.ipynb b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch9_1.ipynb
index ff92060a..ff92060a 100755
--- a/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal/Ch9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Machine_Design_by_U.C._Jindal_version_backup/Ch9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10.ipynb
index fc1ad5c3..fc1ad5c3 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_1.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_10.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_11.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_12.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_13.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_14.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_14.ipynb
index ced687b6..ced687b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_2.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_3.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_4.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_5.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_6.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_7.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_8.ipynb
index 719b96fb..719b96fb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER10_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER10_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13.ipynb
index cde809a7..cde809a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_1.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_10.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_11.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_12.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_13.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_14.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_14.ipynb
index 29fe03ce..29fe03ce 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_2.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_3.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_4.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_5.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_6.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_7.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_8.ipynb
index 151e498b..151e498b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER13_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER13_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14.ipynb
index a87a79b8..a87a79b8 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_1.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_10.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_11.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_12.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_13.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_14.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_14.ipynb
index 7107f78a..7107f78a 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_2.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_3.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_4.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_5.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_6.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_7.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_8.ipynb
index fb2e297e..fb2e297e 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER14_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER14_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15.ipynb
index a97dd687..a97dd687 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_10.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_11.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_12.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_13.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_14.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_14.ipynb
index c751ca22..c751ca22 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_2.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_3.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_4.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_5.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_6.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_7.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_8.ipynb
index 247f69a7..247f69a7 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER15_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER15_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16.ipynb
index 93a5b690..93a5b690 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_10.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_11.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_12.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_13.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_14.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_14.ipynb
index ced88066..ced88066 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_2.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_3.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_4.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_5.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_6.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_7.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_8.ipynb
index fb4b2ceb..fb4b2ceb 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER16_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER16_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_1.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_10.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_11.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_12.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_13.ipynb
index 2318f215..2318f215 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_2.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_3.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_4.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_5.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_6.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_7.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_8.ipynb
index e6d2e527..e6d2e527 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER17_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER17_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18.ipynb
index 5b251ed3..5b251ed3 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_1.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_10.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_11.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_12.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_13.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_14.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_14.ipynb
index 1ea3fcf0..1ea3fcf0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_2.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_3.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_4.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_5.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_6.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_7.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_8.ipynb
index a0571d20..a0571d20 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER18_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER18_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2.ipynb
index 625ea05d..625ea05d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_10.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_11.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_12.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_13.ipynb
index 00e9c991..00e9c991 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_2.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_3.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_4.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_5.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_6.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_7.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_8.ipynb
index 2872ff69..2872ff69 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER20_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER20_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_1.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_10.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_11.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_12.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_13.ipynb
index 9975e7dd..9975e7dd 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_2.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_3.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_4.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_5.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_6.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_7.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_8.ipynb
index a057d34b..a057d34b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER22_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER22_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23.ipynb
index 28412cad..28412cad 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_1.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_10.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_11.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_12.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_13.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_14.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_14.ipynb
index 1a90ba0b..1a90ba0b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_2.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_3.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_4.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_5.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_6.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_7.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_8.ipynb
index ef186b9c..ef186b9c 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER23_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER23_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_1.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_10.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_11.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_12.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_13.ipynb
index d985de21..d985de21 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_2.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_3.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_4.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_5.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_6.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_7.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_8.ipynb
index ca6edbc0..ca6edbc0 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER25_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER25_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_1.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_10.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_11.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_12.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_13.ipynb
index ca84e122..ca84e122 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_2.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_3.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_4.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_5.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_6.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_7.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_8.ipynb
index 69d0545d..69d0545d 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER28_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER28_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_1.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_10.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_11.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_12.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_13.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_14.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_14.ipynb
index 0f29dc44..0f29dc44 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_2.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_3.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_4.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_5.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_6.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_7.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_8.ipynb
index 40a2982b..40a2982b 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER2_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER2_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_1.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_10.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_11.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_12.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_13.ipynb
index 8e0a7bd9..8e0a7bd9 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_2.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_3.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_4.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_5.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_6.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_7.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_8.ipynb
index 42cb2166..42cb2166 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER32_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER32_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36.ipynb
index d3817934..d3817934 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_1.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_10.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_11.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_12.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_13.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_14.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_14.ipynb
index 8ec75437..8ec75437 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_2.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_3.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_4.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_5.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_6.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_7.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_8.ipynb
index 7835b3b6..7835b3b6 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER36_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER36_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9.ipynb
index 45907f49..45907f49 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_1.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_10.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_10.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_11.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_11.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_12.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_12.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_13.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_13.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_14.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_14.ipynb
index 12734f12..12734f12 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_2.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_3.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_4.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_5.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_6.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_7.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_8.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_8.ipynb
index bd6d81cf..bd6d81cf 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid/CHAPTER9_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Engineering_&_Technology_by__S_Kalpakjian_and_S_R_Schmid_version_backup/CHAPTER9_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index 333b1b19..333b1b19 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch2_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
index 333b1b19..333b1b19 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index a0d1dfb1..a0d1dfb1 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch3_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
index 4b196f65..4b196f65 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 312554ae..312554ae 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch4_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
index 312554ae..312554ae 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index dc74bcad..dc74bcad 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch5_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
index dc74bcad..dc74bcad 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 818587af..818587af 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch6_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
index 818587af..818587af 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index d03ec326..d03ec326 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch7_1.ipynb b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
index d03ec326..d03ec326 100755
--- a/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik/ch7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Manufacturing_Science_by_A._Ghosh_And_A._K._Mallik_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 3d150815..3d150815 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 69678c20..69678c20 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index df27b4e6..df27b4e6 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 061424be..061424be 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 429b975a..429b975a 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 62994f86..62994f86 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index 9416a787..9416a787 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 225bff8b..225bff8b 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index 8bfca391..8bfca391 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 3d150815..3d150815 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 3d3cab36..3d3cab36 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 3d3cab36..3d3cab36 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 36f53f4d..36f53f4d 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 36f53f4d..36f53f4d 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 73fd7beb..73fd7beb 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index 73fd7beb..73fd7beb 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index b860f069..b860f069 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 756e424b..756e424b 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 330c2a7b..330c2a7b 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index d9b08193..d9b08193 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 14a0593d..14a0593d 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 14a0593d..14a0593d 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 3199859d..3199859d 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index 727729f8..727729f8 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 66d006cb..66d006cb 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 6ae47958..6ae47958 100755
--- a/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter10-ClassesAndObjects.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter10-ClassesAndObjects.ipynb
index a8a6de1f..a8a6de1f 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter10-ClassesAndObjects.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter10-ClassesAndObjects.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter11-ObjectInitializationAndClean-Up.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter11-ObjectInitializationAndClean-Up.ipynb
index e75a9045..e75a9045 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter11-ObjectInitializationAndClean-Up.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter11-ObjectInitializationAndClean-Up.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter12-DynamicObjects.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter12-DynamicObjects.ipynb
index 2c56060d..2c56060d 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter12-DynamicObjects.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter12-DynamicObjects.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter13-OperatorOverloading.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter13-OperatorOverloading.ipynb
index 8c7b1cb8..8c7b1cb8 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter13-OperatorOverloading.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter13-OperatorOverloading.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter14-Inheritance.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter14-Inheritance.ipynb
index a617fa5c..a617fa5c 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter14-Inheritance.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter14-Inheritance.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter15-VirtualFunctions.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter15-VirtualFunctions.ipynb
index 885b9dee..885b9dee 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter15-VirtualFunctions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter15-VirtualFunctions.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter16-GenericProgrammingWithTemplates.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter16-GenericProgrammingWithTemplates.ipynb
index 88641652..88641652 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter16-GenericProgrammingWithTemplates.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter16-GenericProgrammingWithTemplates.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter17-StreamsComputationWithConsole.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter17-StreamsComputationWithConsole.ipynb
index 12c13cf7..12c13cf7 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter17-StreamsComputationWithConsole.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter17-StreamsComputationWithConsole.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter18-StreamsComputationWithFiles.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter18-StreamsComputationWithFiles.ipynb
index d5aeb20b..d5aeb20b 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter18-StreamsComputationWithFiles.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter18-StreamsComputationWithFiles.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter19-ExceptionHandling.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter19-ExceptionHandling.ipynb
index 98576807..98576807 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter19-ExceptionHandling.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter19-ExceptionHandling.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter3-C++AtAGlance.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter3-C++AtAGlance.ipynb
index d81ed22a..d81ed22a 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter3-C++AtAGlance.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter3-C++AtAGlance.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter4-DataTypes,OperatorsAndExpressions.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter4-DataTypes,OperatorsAndExpressions.ipynb
index 1b95ba16..1b95ba16 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter4-DataTypes,OperatorsAndExpressions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter4-DataTypes,OperatorsAndExpressions.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter5-ControlFlow.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter5-ControlFlow.ipynb
index 9efd46c9..9efd46c9 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter5-ControlFlow.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter5-ControlFlow.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter6-ArraysAndStrings.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter6-ArraysAndStrings.ipynb
index ce7a4137..ce7a4137 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter6-ArraysAndStrings.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter6-ArraysAndStrings.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter7-ModularProgrammingWithFunctions.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter7-ModularProgrammingWithFunctions.ipynb
index 209d4a32..209d4a32 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter7-ModularProgrammingWithFunctions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter7-ModularProgrammingWithFunctions.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter8-StructuresAndUnions.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter8-StructuresAndUnions.ipynb
index 88f0f80d..88f0f80d 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter8-StructuresAndUnions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter8-StructuresAndUnions.ipynb
diff --git a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter9-PointersAndRuntimeBinding.ipynb b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter9-PointersAndRuntimeBinding.ipynb
index e3624032..e3624032 100755
--- a/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya/Chapter9-PointersAndRuntimeBinding.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mastering_C++_by_K_R_Venugopal_and_Rajkumar_Buyya_version_backup/Chapter9-PointersAndRuntimeBinding.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 223b1028..223b1028 100755
--- a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index bf94717f..bf94717f 100755
--- a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index c8688bf4..c8688bf4 100755
--- a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index aebad8dd..aebad8dd 100755
--- a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 0f0c7e9c..0f0c7e9c 100755
--- a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 8da77cca..8da77cca 100755
--- a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 2e530c83..2e530c83 100755
--- a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 8da69c01..8da69c01 100755
--- a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index df8d9205..df8d9205 100755
--- a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 5b490a55..5b490a55 100755
--- a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 2a72be5d..2a72be5d 100755
--- a/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science/Chapter02.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
index e709048c..e709048c 100755
--- a/Materials_Science/Chapter02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science/Chapter03.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
index f10c658e..f10c658e 100755
--- a/Materials_Science/Chapter03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science/Chapter05.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
index 39b44fee..39b44fee 100755
--- a/Materials_Science/Chapter05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science/Chapter07.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
index 82a2c634..82a2c634 100755
--- a/Materials_Science/Chapter07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science/Chapter08.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
index 7ab3ee40..7ab3ee40 100755
--- a/Materials_Science/Chapter08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science/Chapter09.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
index f9450a23..f9450a23 100755
--- a/Materials_Science/Chapter09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index f927d51b..f927d51b 100755
--- a/Materials_Science/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 3ff4c3db..3ff4c3db 100755
--- a/Materials_Science/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index 9a4bd8d7..9a4bd8d7 100755
--- a/Materials_Science/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Materials_Science/Chapter18.ipynb b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
index 287d3fc7..287d3fc7 100755
--- a/Materials_Science/Chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Materials_Science_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
index 7660f24c..7660f24c 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_11.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index c0c024dd..c0c024dd 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_12.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
index ac9b05ec..ac9b05ec 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_13.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
index cc8ad5e6..cc8ad5e6 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_14.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
index bd230ae6..bd230ae6 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_15.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
index 4b4e7632..4b4e7632 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_16.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
index df731606..df731606 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_17.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_17.ipynb
index b223cd0f..b223cd0f 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_17.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_18.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
index 8fcdfd7b..8fcdfd7b 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_19.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_19.ipynb
index 33c96b04..33c96b04 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_19.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
index 535881a6..535881a6 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_20.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_20.ipynb
index 90519f65..90519f65 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_20.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_21.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_21.ipynb
index 1f68c4e7..1f68c4e7 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_21.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_3.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
index 3168a0f9..3168a0f9 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_4.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
index 4d124b41..4d124b41 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index 50279cb5..50279cb5 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_6.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
index f1ec6bb6..f1ec6bb6 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_7.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
index 9111bb76..9111bb76 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_8.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
index 9609602d..9609602d 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy/Chapter_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
index 7660f24c..7660f24c 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_11.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index c0c024dd..c0c024dd 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_12.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
index ac9b05ec..ac9b05ec 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_13.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
index cc8ad5e6..cc8ad5e6 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_14.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
index bd230ae6..bd230ae6 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_15.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
index 4b4e7632..4b4e7632 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_16.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
index df731606..df731606 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_17.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_17.ipynb
index b223cd0f..b223cd0f 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_17.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_18.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
index 8fcdfd7b..8fcdfd7b 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_19.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_19.ipynb
index 33c96b04..33c96b04 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_19.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
index 535881a6..535881a6 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_20.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_20.ipynb
index 90519f65..90519f65 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_20.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_21.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_21.ipynb
index 1f68c4e7..1f68c4e7 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_21.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_3.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
index 3168a0f9..3168a0f9 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_4.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
index 4d124b41..4d124b41 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index 50279cb5..50279cb5 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_6.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
index f1ec6bb6..f1ec6bb6 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_7.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
index 9111bb76..9111bb76 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_8.ipynb b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
index 9609602d..9609602d 100755
--- a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanical_Metallurgy_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
index 050d69c7..050d69c7 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_10.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
index a6cf6459..a6cf6459 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_10_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_10_1.ipynb
index 8cfd40f4..8cfd40f4 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_11.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index 9c688aa6..9c688aa6 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_11_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
index 2a70bd23..2a70bd23 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_1_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_1_1.ipynb
index fdcdcb33..fdcdcb33 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
index 593def57..593def57 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_2_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_2_1.ipynb
index d53593ca..d53593ca 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_3.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
index c93c09a3..c93c09a3 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_3_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_3_1.ipynb
index b4b629d6..b4b629d6 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_4.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
index 78dbb5ab..78dbb5ab 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_4_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_4_1.ipynb
index 98006c09..98006c09 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index b240f4be..b240f4be 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_5_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_5_1.ipynb
index f8abe852..f8abe852 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_6.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
index bbb25b5b..bbb25b5b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_6_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_6_1.ipynb
index 2efac11b..2efac11b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_7.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
index 20dfe6f4..20dfe6f4 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_7_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_7_1.ipynb
index a6edd31d..a6edd31d 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_8.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
index 66b69f39..66b69f39 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_8_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_8_1.ipynb
index 7b673ecf..7b673ecf 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_9.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
index 36315efc..36315efc 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_9_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_9_1.ipynb
index 28e8d677..28e8d677 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf/Chapter_9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Ferdinand_P.Beer,_E.Russel_Jhonston_Jr.,_John.T._DEwolf_version_backup/Chapter_9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/AppendixA.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/AppendixA.ipynb
index 7f8e8cd8..7f8e8cd8 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/AppendixA.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/AppendixA.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/AppendixA_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/AppendixA_1.ipynb
index 7f8e8cd8..7f8e8cd8 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/AppendixA_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/AppendixA_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/AppendixA_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/AppendixA_2.ipynb
index 7f8e8cd8..7f8e8cd8 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/AppendixA_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/AppendixA_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01.ipynb
index 8594491e..8594491e 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_1.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_10.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_10.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_11.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_11.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_12.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_12.ipynb
index 8594491e..8594491e 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_13.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_13.ipynb
index 8594491e..8594491e 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_14.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_14.ipynb
index 8594491e..8594491e 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_2.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_3.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_3.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_4.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_4.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_5.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_5.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_6.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_6.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_7.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_7.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_8.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_8.ipynb
index e69de29b..e69de29b 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter01_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter01_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter02.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
index 5f5f30b9..5f5f30b9 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter02_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter02_1.ipynb
index 5f5f30b9..5f5f30b9 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter02_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter02_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter02_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter02_2.ipynb
index cd669b4f..cd669b4f 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter02_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter02_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter03.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
index 20004188..20004188 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter03_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter03_1.ipynb
index 20004188..20004188 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter03_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter03_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter03_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter03_2.ipynb
index 83b15053..83b15053 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter03_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter03_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter04.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter04.ipynb
index c3a3650e..c3a3650e 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter04.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter04_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter04_1.ipynb
index c3a3650e..c3a3650e 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter04_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter04_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter04_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter04_2.ipynb
index c3a3650e..c3a3650e 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter04_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter04_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter05.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
index dd430e74..dd430e74 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter05_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter05_1.ipynb
index dd430e74..dd430e74 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter05_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter05_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter05_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter05_2.ipynb
index dd430e74..dd430e74 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter05_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter05_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter06.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter06.ipynb
index d8fd7d88..d8fd7d88 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter06.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter06.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter06_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter06_1.ipynb
index d8fd7d88..d8fd7d88 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter06_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter06_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter06_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter06_2.ipynb
index d8fd7d88..d8fd7d88 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter06_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter06_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter07.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
index 9d4c3a36..9d4c3a36 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter07_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter07_1.ipynb
index 9d4c3a36..9d4c3a36 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter07_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter07_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter07_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter07_2.ipynb
index 1ab7377d..1ab7377d 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter07_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter07_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter08.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
index 87dd0fdf..87dd0fdf 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter08_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter08_1.ipynb
index 87dd0fdf..87dd0fdf 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter08_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter08_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter08_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter08_2.ipynb
index 87dd0fdf..87dd0fdf 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter08_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter08_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter09.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
index ac59e6fc..ac59e6fc 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter09_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter09_1.ipynb
index ac59e6fc..ac59e6fc 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter09_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter09_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter09_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter09_2.ipynb
index ac59e6fc..ac59e6fc 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter09_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter09_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 913e9f20..913e9f20 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 913e9f20..913e9f20 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
index 913e9f20..913e9f20 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index bf1270ca..bf1270ca 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index bf1270ca..bf1270ca 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
index bf1270ca..bf1270ca 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 9163c9cf..9163c9cf 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index 9163c9cf..9163c9cf 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
index 9163c9cf..9163c9cf 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 60e5f3b6..60e5f3b6 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index 60e5f3b6..60e5f3b6 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter13_2.ipynb
index 60e5f3b6..60e5f3b6 100755
--- a/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas/Chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Mechanics_of_Materials_by_Pytel_and_Kiusalaas_version_backup/Chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index fb4718f9..fb4718f9 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 1ea303b0..1ea303b0 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index efbba551..efbba551 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 530e0f53..530e0f53 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 5bdfcf5d..5bdfcf5d 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 0ae95a48..0ae95a48 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 78acbede..78acbede 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 5c722e15..5c722e15 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 4b4216b1..4b4216b1 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index ea4f4708..ea4f4708 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index f8cf792d..f8cf792d 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index be4f9dc6..be4f9dc6 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 836bb3d5..836bb3d5 100755
--- a/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microelectronic_Circuits_by_A.S._Sedra_and_K.C._Smith_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 1521d68f..1521d68f 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index 1521d68f..1521d68f 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 9b93e297..9b93e297 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index 9b93e297..9b93e297 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index 24be02cb..24be02cb 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index 24be02cb..24be02cb 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index f877eba8..f877eba8 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index f877eba8..f877eba8 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 8bc93a62..8bc93a62 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
index 8bc93a62..8bc93a62 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter3_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index b8d26c3e..b8d26c3e 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter4.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index b8d26c3e..b8d26c3e 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter4_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 65ee6266..65ee6266 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter5.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 65ee6266..65ee6266 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter5_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 7836ec52..7836ec52 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter6.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index 7836ec52..7836ec52 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter6_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index f5580a87..f5580a87 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter7.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index f5580a87..f5580a87 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter7_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 0248f3a9..0248f3a9 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter8.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index 0248f3a9..0248f3a9 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter8_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index c95c984b..c95c984b 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter9.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index c95c984b..c95c984b 100755
--- a/Microwave_Devices_And_Circuits_by_S._Y._Liao/chapter9_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE_CIRCUITS.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE.ipynb
index 2ea27f9a..2ea27f9a 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE_CIRCUITS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE_CIRCUITS_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE_CIRCUITS_1.ipynb
index 2ea27f9a..2ea27f9a 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE_CIRCUITS_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE_CIRCUITS_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE_CIRCUITS_2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE_CIRCUITS_2.ipynb
index 2ea27f9a..2ea27f9a 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE_CIRCUITS_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE_CIRCUITS_3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_10_ACTIVE_MICROWAVE_CIRCUITS_3.ipynb
index 2ea27f9a..2ea27f9a 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_12_INTRODUCTION_TO_MICROWAVE_SYSTEMS.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_12_INTRODUCTION_TO_MICROWAVE.ipynb
index c28fd7e7..c28fd7e7 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_12_INTRODUCTION_TO_MICROWAVE_SYSTEMS.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_12_INTRODUCTION_TO_MICROWAVE_SYSTEMS_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_12_INTRODUCTION_TO_MICROWAVE_SYSTEMS_1.ipynb
index 14dcac47..14dcac47 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_12_INTRODUCTION_TO_MICROWAVE_SYSTEMS_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_12_INTRODUCTION_TO_MICROWAVE_SYSTEMS_2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_12_INTRODUCTION_TO_MICROWAVE_SYSTEMS_2.ipynb
index 93eacf2a..93eacf2a 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_12_INTRODUCTION_TO_MICROWAVE_SYSTEMS_3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_12_INTRODUCTION_TO_MICROWAVE_SYSTEMS_3.ipynb
index bd76d16b..bd76d16b 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_1_ELECTROMAGNETIC_THEORY.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_1_ELECTROMAGNETIC.ipynb
index a30838ad..a30838ad 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_1_ELECTROMAGNETIC_THEORY_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_1_ELECTROMAGNETIC_THEORY_1.ipynb
index 3e2ab10a..3e2ab10a 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_1_ELECTROMAGNETIC_THEORY_2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_1_ELECTROMAGNETIC_THEORY_2.ipynb
index 2d841a1c..2d841a1c 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_1_ELECTROMAGNETIC_THEORY_3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_1_ELECTROMAGNETIC_THEORY_3.ipynb
index 2d841a1c..2d841a1c 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_2_TRANSMISSION_LINE_THEORY.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_2_TRANSMISSION_LINE.ipynb
index 83ee7390..83ee7390 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_2_TRANSMISSION_LINE_THEORY_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_2_TRANSMISSION_LINE_THEORY_1.ipynb
index 7b9a8161..7b9a8161 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_2_TRANSMISSION_LINE_THEORY_2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_2_TRANSMISSION_LINE_THEORY_2.ipynb
index 3d028800..3d028800 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_2_TRANSMISSION_LINE_THEORY_3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_2_TRANSMISSION_LINE_THEORY_3.ipynb
index 3d028800..3d028800 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_3_TRANSMISSION_LINE_AND_WAVEGUIDES.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_3_TRANSMISSION_LINE_AND.ipynb
index 0c9527a2..0c9527a2 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_3_TRANSMISSION_LINE_AND_WAVEGUIDES.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_3_TRANSMISSION_LINE_AND_WAVEGUIDES_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_3_TRANSMISSION_LINE_AND_WAVEGUIDES_1.ipynb
index 0c9527a2..0c9527a2 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_3_TRANSMISSION_LINE_AND_WAVEGUIDES_2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_3_TRANSMISSION_LINE_AND_WAVEGUIDES_2.ipynb
index 0c9527a2..0c9527a2 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_3_TRANSMISSION_LINE_AND_WAVEGUIDES_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_3_TRANSMISSION_LINE_AND_WAVEGUIDES_3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_3_TRANSMISSION_LINE_AND_WAVEGUIDES_3.ipynb
index 0c9527a2..0c9527a2 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_3_TRANSMISSION_LINE_AND_WAVEGUIDES_3.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_4_MICROWAVE_NETWORK_ANALYSIS.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_4_MICROWAVE_NETWORK.ipynb
index 1ace60c4..1ace60c4 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_4_MICROWAVE_NETWORK_ANALYSIS_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_4_MICROWAVE_NETWORK_ANALYSIS_1.ipynb
index 1ace60c4..1ace60c4 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_4_MICROWAVE_NETWORK_ANALYSIS_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_4_MICROWAVE_NETWORK_ANALYSIS_2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_4_MICROWAVE_NETWORK_ANALYSIS_2.ipynb
index d2ff5acf..d2ff5acf 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_4_MICROWAVE_NETWORK_ANALYSIS_3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_4_MICROWAVE_NETWORK_ANALYSIS_3.ipynb
index d2ff5acf..d2ff5acf 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND.ipynb
index cb7340f4..cb7340f4 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING_1.ipynb
index cb7340f4..cb7340f4 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING_2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING_2.ipynb
index cb7340f4..cb7340f4 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING_3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING_3.ipynb
index cb7340f4..cb7340f4 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_5_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING_3.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE.ipynb
index e6a37416..e6a37416 100755
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS_1.ipynb
index e6a37416..e6a37416 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS_2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS_2.ipynb
index e6a37416..e6a37416 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS_3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS_3.ipynb
index e6a37416..e6a37416 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_6_MICROWAVE_RESONATORS_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND.ipynb
index c4e96869..c4e96869 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_1.ipynb
index c4e96869..c4e96869 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_2.ipynb
index d3e4093c..d3e4093c 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_3.ipynb
index d3e4093c..d3e4093c 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_7_POWER_DIVIDERS_DIRECTIONAL_COUPLERS_AND_HYBRIDS_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE.ipynb
index a3c869cc..a3c869cc 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_1.ipynb
index a3c869cc..a3c869cc 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_2.ipynb
index f0292322..f0292322 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_3.ipynb
index f0292322..f0292322 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_8_MICROWAVE_FILTERS_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC.ipynb
index 77872af2..77872af2 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_1.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_1.ipynb
index 77872af2..77872af2 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_2.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_2.ipynb
index 77872af2..77872af2 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_3.ipynb b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_3.ipynb
index 77872af2..77872af2 100755
--- a/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar_/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Microwave_engineering__by_D.M.Pozar__version_backup/Chapter_9_THEORY_AND_DESIGN_OF_FERRIMAGNETIC_COMPONENTS_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index df948150..df948150 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 6917db4a..6917db4a 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 650e10af..650e10af 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 888bada9..888bada9 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index add67b11..add67b11 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 237ef958..237ef958 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 1b7639d9..1b7639d9 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 02b45e2e..02b45e2e 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index a7a96b80..a7a96b80 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index cc4d610e..cc4d610e 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index a9a53b39..a9a53b39 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 0abee667..0abee667 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index cc4ba95d..cc4ba95d 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 48fda057..48fda057 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index cd940d39..cd940d39 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 59a6ac24..59a6ac24 100755
--- a/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Miller_&_Freund's_Probability_and_Statistics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson/1._Compressible_Flow-Some_History_and_Introductory_Thoughts.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson_version_backup/1._Compressible_Flow-Some_History_and_Introductory_Thoughts.ipynb
index be1f0a0f..be1f0a0f 100755
--- a/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson/1._Compressible_Flow-Some_History_and_Introductory_Thoughts.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson_version_backup/1._Compressible_Flow-Some_History_and_Introductory_Thoughts.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson/3._One_Dimentional_Flow.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson_version_backup/3._One_Dimentional_Flow.ipynb
index a39d46f6..a39d46f6 100755
--- a/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson/3._One_Dimentional_Flow.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson_version_backup/3._One_Dimentional_Flow.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson/4._Oblique_Shock_and_Expansion_Waves.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson_version_backup/4._Oblique_Shock_and_Expansion_Waves.ipynb
index 6e2c8e3b..6e2c8e3b 100755
--- a/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson/4._Oblique_Shock_and_Expansion_Waves.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson_version_backup/4._Oblique_Shock_and_Expansion_Waves.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson/5._Quasi-One-Dimensional_Flow.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson_version_backup/5._Quasi-One-Dimensional_Flow.ipynb
index 67838527..67838527 100755
--- a/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson/5._Quasi-One-Dimensional_Flow.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Compressible_Flow_with_historical_perspective_by_John_D_Anderson_version_backup/5._Quasi-One-Dimensional_Flow.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter10_1ShNBLZ.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index b9556dac..b9556dac 100644
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter10_1ShNBLZ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 397d0367..397d0367 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter11_Y21OdDg.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 397d0367..397d0367 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter11_Y21OdDg.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter12_EGbAFRG.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index c965c427..2b302a6e 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter12_EGbAFRG.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from math import pi,log\n",
-    "#from mpmath import quad\n",
-    "from mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
     "# Let the received signal be km(t)cos(wct) , demodulator input is [km(t)+nc(t)]cos(wct)+[ns(t)sin(wct)]. When this is multiplied by 2coswct and low pass filtered the output is s0(t)+n0(t)=km(t)+nc(t).\n",
     "# Hence So=k**2*m**2' , No=nc**2'. But the power of the received signal km(t)cos(wct)= 1uW. Hence k**2*m**2'/2=10**-6\n",
     "So=2*10**-6#\n",
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 28,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 29,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 31,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -141,7 +140,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
     "t0=-5#\n",
     "t1=5#\n",
     "y=quad(lambda t:t**2,[t0,t1])#\n",
@@ -159,7 +158,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 32,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -173,7 +172,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
     "from math import exp\n",
     "# Sm(w)=k*e**(-w2/26**2) this is given\n",
     "# let us the assume the value of constant 6**2/4(pi**2) =3\n",
@@ -195,7 +194,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 35,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -209,7 +208,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
     "from math import exp,pi\n",
     "#for the same transmission bandwidth variance of PM and FM systems is same\n",
     "#hence the ratio of SNR of PM to FM is B**2/(3Bm'**2)\n",
@@ -234,7 +233,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 41,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -275,7 +274,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 44,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -312,7 +311,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 45,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -327,7 +326,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from math import pi,sqrt,exp\n",
-    "from mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
     "# to calculate |m|\n",
     "m0=0#\n",
     "m1=50.#\n",
@@ -344,7 +343,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
+   "execution_count": 46,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -363,7 +362,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
     "a=1400.*pi##given\n",
     "c=1.##assumed\n",
     "w0=0\n",
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index c965c427..c965c427 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 35729415..35729415 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter13_oLQx3Ez.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index 35729415..35729415 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter13_oLQx3Ez.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 897627d8..897627d8 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter14_MMOfmTf.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index 897627d8..897627d8 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter14_MMOfmTf.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter15_ZLpS2oM.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 8c9297e3..36b75c4e 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter15_ZLpS2oM.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -25,9 +25,10 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "Length = 1.14  4-ary digits\n",
-      "Entropy of source is, H = 0.90  4-ary units\n",
-      "Efficiency of code, N = 0.79 \n"
+      "enter the length of probability vector p, n is4\n",
+      "Length = 0.94  4-ary digits\n",
+      "Entropy of source is, H = 0.72  4-ary units\n",
+      "Efficiency of code, N = 0.76 \n"
      ]
     }
    ],
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@
     "\n",
     "#The length L of this code is calculated as\n",
     "  \n",
-    "n=5# the length of probability vector p\n",
+    "n=input(\"enter the length of probability vector p, n is\")\n",
     "p=[.3, .25, .15, .12, .1, .08, 0]## enter probabilities in descending order\n",
     "l=[1, 1, 1 ,2 ,2 ,2, 2]## code length of individual message according to order\n",
     "L=0#\n",
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -89,7 +90,6 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import log\n",
     "# N=1\n",
     "#Here we have given two messages with probabilities m1=0.8 and m2=0.2 . Therefore, Huffman code for the source is simply 0 and 1.\n",
     "\n",
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from math import log\n",
-    "from mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "x0=(-1)#\n",
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
index cdc0af66..cdc0af66 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 572bf36e..572bf36e 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter16_blWOlLP.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter16_1.ipynb
index 572bf36e..572bf36e 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter16_blWOlLP.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter2_U1qhitw.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index c46040cd..b45b8a06 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter2_U1qhitw.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from mpmath import quad\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad\n",
     "\n",
     "t0=-1\n",
     "t1=1\n",
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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7xk2EB/mc0e4gD55x47SHTmjbM25SBvl6ix2HMpdLejqsoHNQmvZ6gU4J0TNutsW1nT2d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\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f70110a6f90>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fc60b2ab310>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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k2lysMHYxV8lN33039Ld69w7bokVhtUl3MKcUqTlZFLt4G+GVmMOBgZIKX4tZCwwGbmxG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\nKN+9q7T7AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6ff76e1cd0>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fcc37584190>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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yeAThDBgzBubP962OStEUDsJVCU7p5BuflYwQXOm5jy5Wx+zZsO228MgjvhNLGvJyEK6G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\nkTlOxriROU7GuJE5Tsa4kTlOxvw/vZVGRZwhCAsAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f6ff71a4f10>"
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fcc37462890>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from numpy import arange,pi\n",
-    "from mpmath import quad,sin\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "\n",
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from mpmath import quad,sin\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
     "#energy of signal x(t)\n",
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 24,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from mpmath import quad,sin\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
+   "execution_count": 25,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from mpmath import quad,sin\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
+   "execution_count": 33,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
+   "execution_count": 34,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming  SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 35,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@
    "source": [
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "from numpy import arange,pi,sqrt\n",
-    "from mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
+    "from sympy.mpmath import quad,sin,exp\n",
     "\n",
     "#Assuming SI units for all quantities\n",
     "#given signal is x(t)=1\n",
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index c46040cd..c46040cd 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index d82be350..d82be350 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter3_PnRMFXo.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index d82be350..d82be350 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter3_PnRMFXo.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 2847c250..2847c250 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter4_HJTkaFG.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index 2847c250..2847c250 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter4_HJTkaFG.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 535073ef..535073ef 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter5_zPJnEq7.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 535073ef..535073ef 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter5_zPJnEq7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 72f6d5c3..72f6d5c3 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter6_iopxMm6.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 72f6d5c3..72f6d5c3 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter6_iopxMm6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 5f7a2321..5f7a2321 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter7_anKlpT2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 5f7a2321..5f7a2321 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter7_anKlpT2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 2f0e3fa2..2f0e3fa2 100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter8_EWWeqZK.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index 2f0e3fa2..2f0e3fa2 100644..100755
--- a/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi/Chapter8_EWWeqZK.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Digital_And_Analog_Communication_System_by_B._P._Lathi_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index b8d9a428..b8d9a428 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 0bf83b2e..0bf83b2e 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 0bf83b2e..0bf83b2e 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
index 0bf83b2e..0bf83b2e 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_3.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter11_3.ipynb
index 0bf83b2e..0bf83b2e 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter11_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 9931f7a4..9931f7a4 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index 9931f7a4..9931f7a4 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
index 9931f7a4..9931f7a4 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_3.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter12_3.ipynb
index 9931f7a4..9931f7a4 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter12_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 50e462df..50e462df 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index 50e462df..50e462df 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter14_2.ipynb
index 50e462df..50e462df 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_3.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter14_3.ipynb
index 50e462df..50e462df 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter14_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index b8d9a428..b8d9a428 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter1_2.ipynb
index 5edf29c5..5edf29c5 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_3.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter1_3.ipynb
index 5edf29c5..5edf29c5 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index d6153f2a..d6153f2a 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index d6153f2a..d6153f2a 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
index d6153f2a..d6153f2a 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_3.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter2_3.ipynb
index d6153f2a..d6153f2a 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter2_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 24c0b710..24c0b710 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index 24c0b710..24c0b710 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
index 24c0b710..24c0b710 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_3.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter4_3.ipynb
index 9cf22584..9cf22584 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter4_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 203a765e..203a765e 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 203a765e..203a765e 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
index 203a765e..203a765e 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_3.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter5_3.ipynb
index 203a765e..203a765e 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter5_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index c47588e7..c47588e7 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index c47588e7..c47588e7 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
index c47588e7..c47588e7 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_3.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter6_3.ipynb
index c47588e7..c47588e7 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter6_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 88aa47b3..88aa47b3 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 88aa47b3..88aa47b3 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
index 88aa47b3..88aa47b3 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_3.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter7_3.ipynb
index 88aa47b3..88aa47b3 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 0655eef8..0655eef8 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 0655eef8..0655eef8 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
index 0655eef8..0655eef8 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_3.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
index 0655eef8..0655eef8 100755
--- a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 483d55f3..483d55f3 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index d4104917..d4104917 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index d4104917..d4104917 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
index d4104917..d4104917 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index ffdec850..ffdec850 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index ffdec850..ffdec850 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
index ffdec850..ffdec850 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index b3818649..b3818649 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index b3818649..b3818649 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
index b3818649..b3818649 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 70f718e0..70f718e0 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index 70f718e0..70f718e0 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter13_2.ipynb
index 70f718e0..70f718e0 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index b2beeab9..b2beeab9 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index b2beeab9..b2beeab9 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter14_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter14_2.ipynb
index b2beeab9..b2beeab9 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 48af1473..48af1473 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
index 48af1473..48af1473 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter15_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter15_2.ipynb
index 48af1473..48af1473 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 932f4802..932f4802 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter16_1.ipynb
index 932f4802..932f4802 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter16_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter16_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index 61dae782..61dae782 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter17_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter17_1.ipynb
index 61dae782..61dae782 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter17_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter17_2.ipynb
index 61dae782..61dae782 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter18.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter18_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter18_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter18_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter18_2.ipynb
index b99ff137..b99ff137 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter19.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index c8745970..c8745970 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter19_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter19_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter19_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter19_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter1_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 59d9ea57..59d9ea57 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter20.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
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index 4d816cd2..4d816cd2 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 350acf21..350acf21 100755
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index 350acf21..350acf21 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
index 350acf21..350acf21 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index fa8615c7..fa8615c7 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index fa8615c7..fa8615c7 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
index fa8615c7..fa8615c7 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index 014cb0d9..014cb0d9 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter8_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index fa1ac5e9..fa1ac5e9 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index fa1ac5e9..fa1ac5e9 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas/Chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_By_G.Aruldas_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
index fa1ac5e9..fa1ac5e9 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 30eac463..30eac463 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
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index 385146de..385146de 100755
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Modern_Physics_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
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diff --git a/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
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diff --git a/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
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diff --git a/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
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diff --git a/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai/Chapter2_3.ipynb b/backup/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai_version_backup/Chapter2_3.ipynb
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diff --git a/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
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diff --git a/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
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diff --git a/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 4db07699..4db07699 100755
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diff --git a/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
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diff --git a/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Non-conventional_Energy_Sources_by_G._D._Rai_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 19bad3a0..19bad3a0 100755
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diff --git a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index af42a9cd..af42a9cd 100755
--- a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 3d742c55..3d742c55 100755
--- a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 0c66f7f4..0c66f7f4 100755
--- a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index cd1cdc5f..cd1cdc5f 100755
--- a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 761cfb0c..761cfb0c 100755
--- a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 3f17707e..3f17707e 100755
--- a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 9a9ccc52..9a9ccc52 100755
--- a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 569a9390..569a9390 100755
--- a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 8731741e..8731741e 100755
--- a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 444ef624..444ef624 100755
--- a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index ae812b40..ae812b40 100755
--- a/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Nuclear_Chemistry_through_Problems_by__H._J._Arnikar_and_N._S._Rajurkar_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 4e34a107..4e34a107 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 54d12f92..54d12f92 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 54d12f92..54d12f92 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 352fdcac..352fdcac 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 352fdcac..352fdcac 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index c37c77de..c37c77de 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index c37c77de..c37c77de 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index b3607eab..b3607eab 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index b3607eab..b3607eab 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 1573bb78..1573bb78 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
index 1573bb78..1573bb78 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index 14e89b11..14e89b11 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter17_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter17_1.ipynb
index 14e89b11..14e89b11 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter18.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
index e44e3a7b..e44e3a7b 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter18_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter18_1.ipynb
index e44e3a7b..e44e3a7b 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter19.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index cbe17ebc..cbe17ebc 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter19_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter19_1.ipynb
index cbe17ebc..cbe17ebc 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 4e34a107..4e34a107 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter21.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
index 507735ab..507735ab 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter21_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter21_1.ipynb
index eaae38ce..eaae38ce 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter22.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
index 50a8dfb0..50a8dfb0 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter22_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter22_1.ipynb
index 50a8dfb0..50a8dfb0 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter22_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter22_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter23.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
index fd068f1e..fd068f1e 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter23_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter23_1.ipynb
index fd068f1e..fd068f1e 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter23_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter23_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter25.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter25.ipynb
index e4e7a3f4..e4e7a3f4 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter25.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter25.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter25_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter25_1.ipynb
index e4e7a3f4..e4e7a3f4 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter25_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter25_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter26.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter26.ipynb
index b52f1078..b52f1078 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter26.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter26_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter26_1.ipynb
index 35479bcb..35479bcb 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter26_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter26_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index b0cdc8c4..b0cdc8c4 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index b0cdc8c4..b0cdc8c4 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index ac35f0f7..ac35f0f7 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index b51b3a07..b51b3a07 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 2b0b77e2..2b0b77e2 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 2de92c8c..2de92c8c 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 01ab6a06..01ab6a06 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 9efcccef..9efcccef 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 022a81d0..022a81d0 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index c923ac9f..c923ac9f 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 83d8625a..83d8625a 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 1c603f39..1c603f39 100755
--- a/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch1.ipynb b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
index c38dc117..c38dc117 100755
--- a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch10.ipynb b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index 036e7ee4..036e7ee4 100755
--- a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch11.ipynb b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 63c8c6f8..63c8c6f8 100755
--- a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch12.ipynb b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index c15cf8f1..c15cf8f1 100755
--- a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch3.ipynb b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 2f2e44d3..2f2e44d3 100755
--- a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch4.ipynb b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index d7c9d890..d7c9d890 100755
--- a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch5.ipynb b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index 738f12cd..738f12cd 100755
--- a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch6.ipynb b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index cb58a413..cb58a413 100755
--- a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch7.ipynb b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index ee245f15..ee245f15 100755
--- a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch8.ipynb b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 47c13aab..47c13aab 100755
--- a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch9.ipynb b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index e87a7fb5..e87a7fb5 100755
--- a/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/OP_Amps_and_Linear_Integrated_Circuits:_Concepts_and_Applications_by_James_M._Fiore_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter10Pointers.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter10Pointers.ipynb
index 02f927b8..02f927b8 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter10Pointers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter10Pointers.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter11VirtualFunctions.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter11VirtualFunctions.ipynb
index 4037c7bf..4037c7bf 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter11VirtualFunctions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter11VirtualFunctions.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter12StreamsandFiles.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter12StreamsandFiles.ipynb
index 93ca098b..93ca098b 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter12StreamsandFiles.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter12StreamsandFiles.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter13MultifilePrograms.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter13MultifilePrograms.ipynb
index 9ca5fdbf..9ca5fdbf 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter13MultifilePrograms.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter13MultifilePrograms.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter14TemplatesandExceptions.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter14TemplatesandExceptions.ipynb
index 9d7f2f2d..9d7f2f2d 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter14TemplatesandExceptions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter14TemplatesandExceptions.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter15TheStandardTemplateLibrary.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter15TheStandardTemplateLibrary.ipynb
index cdb99245..cdb99245 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter15TheStandardTemplateLibrary.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter15TheStandardTemplateLibrary.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter16Object-OrientedSoftwareDevelopment.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter16Object-OrientedSoftwareDevelopment.ipynb
index 9cafccbc..9cafccbc 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter16Object-OrientedSoftwareDevelopment.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter16Object-OrientedSoftwareDevelopment.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter2C++ProgrammingBasics.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter2C++ProgrammingBasics.ipynb
index 989f5595..989f5595 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter2C++ProgrammingBasics.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter2C++ProgrammingBasics.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter3LoopsandDecisions.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter3LoopsandDecisions.ipynb
index 8b3bac82..8b3bac82 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter3LoopsandDecisions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter3LoopsandDecisions.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter4Structures.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter4Structures.ipynb
index e0ae17f7..e0ae17f7 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter4Structures.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter4Structures.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter5Functions.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter5Functions.ipynb
index fe2f9caf..fe2f9caf 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter5Functions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter5Functions.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter6ObjectsandClasses.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter6ObjectsandClasses.ipynb
index 4b2f1592..4b2f1592 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter6ObjectsandClasses.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter6ObjectsandClasses.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter7ArraysandStrings.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter7ArraysandStrings.ipynb
index 1fb6773a..1fb6773a 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter7ArraysandStrings.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter7ArraysandStrings.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter8OperatorOverloading.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter8OperatorOverloading.ipynb
index 849bebbf..849bebbf 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter8OperatorOverloading.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter8OperatorOverloading.ipynb
diff --git a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter9Inheritance.ipynb b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter9Inheritance.ipynb
index ee3158c8..ee3158c8 100755
--- a/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore/Chapter9Inheritance.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Object-Oriented_Programming_in_C++_by_Robert_Lafore_version_backup/Chapter9Inheritance.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index a271cc5c..a271cc5c 100755
--- a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 6479ba9e..6479ba9e 100755
--- a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 934feb4e..934feb4e 100755
--- a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 408746a4..408746a4 100755
--- a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 1c8edfa4..1c8edfa4 100755
--- a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 2383415f..2383415f 100755
--- a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 59a13011..59a13011 100755
--- a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 11017e30..11017e30 100755
--- a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index ba8336a3..ba8336a3 100755
--- a/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communiation_by_Anasuya_Kalavar_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index ca5b4397..ca5b4397 100755
--- a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 703e5ce5..703e5ce5 100755
--- a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index fb2d8524..fb2d8524 100755
--- a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 8f7322f6..8f7322f6 100755
--- a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 5e61d9cc..5e61d9cc 100755
--- a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index d0e834ac..d0e834ac 100755
--- a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index b05eb633..b05eb633 100755
--- a/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Communication_Systems_by_S._B._Gupta_&_A._Goel_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_10_Photonic_Switching.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_10_Photonic.ipynb
index 2a6ea95f..2a6ea95f 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_10_Photonic_Switching.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_10_Photonic.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_11_Fiber_Optic_Communication_System_Design.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_11_Fiber_Optic_Communication_System.ipynb
index 14212a8a..14212a8a 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_11_Fiber_Optic_Communication_System_Design.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_11_Fiber_Optic_Communication_System.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_13_Video_Transmission.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_13_Video.ipynb
index 97a60d22..97a60d22 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_13_Video_Transmission.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_13_Video.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_14_Data_Communication_and_LAN.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_14_Data_Communication_and.ipynb
index 13ad7088..13ad7088 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_14_Data_Communication_and_LAN.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_14_Data_Communication_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_16_Soliton_Communication_Systems.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_16_Soliton_Communication.ipynb
index 44663412..44663412 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_16_Soliton_Communication_Systems.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_16_Soliton_Communication.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_2_Light_propagation.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_2_Light.ipynb
index 6b76d31d..6b76d31d 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_2_Light_propagation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_2_Light.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_3_Fiber_optic_technology.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_3_Fiber_optic.ipynb
index d0262694..d0262694 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_3_Fiber_optic_technology.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_3_Fiber_optic.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_4_Optical_sources_and_transmitter_circuits.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_4_Optical_sources_and_transmitter.ipynb
index d155c29c..d155c29c 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_4_Optical_sources_and_transmitter_circuits.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_4_Optical_sources_and_transmitter.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_5_Optical_Detectors_and_Receivers.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_5_Optical_Detectors_and.ipynb
index f6b0ddb9..f6b0ddb9 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_5_Optical_Detectors_and_Receivers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_5_Optical_Detectors_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_6_Integrated_Optics_and_Photonic_Circuits.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_6_Integrated_Optics_and_Photonic.ipynb
index 8854b665..8854b665 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_6_Integrated_Optics_and_Photonic_Circuits.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_6_Integrated_Optics_and_Photonic.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_7_Wavelength_Division_Multiplexing.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_7_Wavelength_Division.ipynb
index 40b7bf74..40b7bf74 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_7_Wavelength_Division_Multiplexing.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_7_Wavelength_Division.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_8_Coherent_Optical_Communication.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Coherent_Optical.ipynb
index 472467ff..472467ff 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_8_Coherent_Optical_Communication.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Coherent_Optical.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_9_Optical_Amplifers.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_9_Optical.ipynb
index a1571ca5..a1571ca5 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas/Chapter_9_Optical_Amplifers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_by_A._Selvarajan,_S._Kar_and_T_Srinivas_version_backup/Chapter_9_Optical.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 22b4a658..22b4a658 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 32f1c5a2..32f1c5a2 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 4ff5c94e..4ff5c94e 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 5cb4e7c2..5cb4e7c2 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index d4366624..d4366624 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 9b5380f8..9b5380f8 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index b4eca185..b4eca185 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 57a8dd8b..57a8dd8b 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 367cadc1..367cadc1 100755
--- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_Fiber_Communication_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 668d3a3b..668d3a3b 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index eea0d5e9..eea0d5e9 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index eea0d5e9..eea0d5e9 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index c71b9640..c71b9640 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index c71b9640..c71b9640 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index 9cb33486..9cb33486 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index 9cb33486..9cb33486 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index a4e60fb6..a4e60fb6 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index 92a1e261..92a1e261 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index 668d3a3b..668d3a3b 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 5cd59824..5cd59824 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index 5cd59824..5cd59824 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 83e3dde2..83e3dde2 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
index 83e3dde2..83e3dde2 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 67742607..67742607 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index 67742607..67742607 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index e65f2645..e65f2645 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index e65f2645..e65f2645 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 0d75f992..0d75f992 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index 0d75f992..0d75f992 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 4d206c90..4d206c90 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index c47a16e1..c47a16e1 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 7624efd8..7624efd8 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index 7624efd8..7624efd8 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index b9aab8ae..b9aab8ae 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index 393ba56c..393ba56c 100755
--- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 26e2a823..26e2a823 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 6b9c14a2..6b9c14a2 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 62fcb980..62fcb980 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 47b342a2..47b342a2 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 772490c9..772490c9 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 2ff8a275..2ff8a275 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index f9b220b6..f9b220b6 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index fb9288b1..fb9288b1 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 33379a36..33379a36 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index 4be1e6d1..4be1e6d1 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 27fb9772..27fb9772 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index bae05243..bae05243 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 7f350f7f..7f350f7f 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 44ad2c61..44ad2c61 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 33e4e744..33e4e744 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index ec38d9d3..ec38d9d3 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 0130dc5d..0130dc5d 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index bda5f5d4..bda5f5d4 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 0f1975fc..0f1975fc 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index ad8bf176..ad8bf176 100755
--- a/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Optoelectronics:_An_Introduction_by_John_Wilson_&_John_Hawkes_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K_Dutta.ipynb b/backup/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta_version_backup/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K.ipynb
index 7e8be8be..7e8be8be 100755
--- a/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K_Dutta.ipynb
+++ b/backup/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta_version_backup/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K.ipynb
diff --git a/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta/Chapter-3-Convective_Mass_Transfer_and_Mass_Transfer_Coefficient.ipynb b/backup/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta_version_backup/Chapter-3-Convective_Mass_Transfer_and_Mass_Transfer.ipynb
index 4e0cc29f..4e0cc29f 100755
--- a/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta/Chapter-3-Convective_Mass_Transfer_and_Mass_Transfer_Coefficient.ipynb
+++ b/backup/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta_version_backup/Chapter-3-Convective_Mass_Transfer_and_Mass_Transfer.ipynb
diff --git a/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta/Chapter-4-Interphase_Mass_Transfer.ipynb b/backup/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta_version_backup/Chapter-4-Interphase_Mass.ipynb
index 9b2f69b0..9b2f69b0 100755
--- a/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta/Chapter-4-Interphase_Mass_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/backup/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta_version_backup/Chapter-4-Interphase_Mass.ipynb
diff --git a/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta/Chapter-5-Gas-Liquid_Contacting_Equipment.ipynb b/backup/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta_version_backup/Chapter-5-Gas-Liquid_Contacting.ipynb
index 97c75c4e..97c75c4e 100755
--- a/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta/Chapter-5-Gas-Liquid_Contacting_Equipment.ipynb
+++ b/backup/PRINCIPLES_OF_MASS_TRANSFER_AND_SEPARATION_PROCESS_by_Binay_K._Dutta_version_backup/Chapter-5-Gas-Liquid_Contacting.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 64b27332..64b27332 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 64b27332..64b27332 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
index 64b27332..64b27332 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 8cfa324e..8cfa324e 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 8cfa324e..8cfa324e 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
index ad28279c..ad28279c 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 1f791cfe..1f791cfe 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index 1f791cfe..1f791cfe 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
index c2078b32..c2078b32 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 99d398f7..99d398f7 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 99d398f7..99d398f7 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
index 89ef087e..89ef087e 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 645e645b..645e645b 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 645e645b..645e645b 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
index b5b28ba0..b5b28ba0 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 84c13b16..84c13b16 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 84c13b16..84c13b16 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
index f4eef20f..f4eef20f 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index b60fb136..b60fb136 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index b60fb136..b60fb136 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter8_2.ipynb
index b60fb136..b60fb136 100755
--- a/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav/Chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Physics_Textbook_Part-I_for_class_XI_by_NCERT_by_Chief_Editor_-_Naresh_Yadav_version_backup/Chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index be2e4451..be2e4451 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 9d88fe28..9d88fe28 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 4129f088..4129f088 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 6bbf650f..6bbf650f 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 38414570..38414570 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index d5b6622f..d5b6622f 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 45af7d98..45af7d98 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 7cf6b405..7cf6b405 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index d50d131a..d50d131a 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics:_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob__version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 0422f24a..0422f24a 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 9d88fe28..9d88fe28 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 4129f088..4129f088 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 706b4d0c..706b4d0c 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 58305b46..58305b46 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 0c7858a4..0c7858a4 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 45af7d98..45af7d98 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 7cf6b405..7cf6b405 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index d50d131a..d50d131a 100755
--- a/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_Electronics_Principles_&_Applications_by_J_M_Jacob_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 2002d085..2002d085 100755
--- a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 3715bfd2..3715bfd2 100755
--- a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index f49e3430..f49e3430 100755
--- a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 79e88e49..79e88e49 100755
--- a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 8d7e5943..8d7e5943 100755
--- a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 34c2fa23..34c2fa23 100755
--- a/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Power_System_Operation_and_Control_by_B._R._Gupta_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter1_WSG4yVY.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index a15d86ff..a15d86ff 100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter1_WSG4yVY.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 0eb7d255..0eb7d255 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter10_8mim6PA.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 0eb7d255..0eb7d255 100644..100755
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter10_8mim6PA.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index b8b0be75..b8b0be75 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter11_NAIDtL1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index b8b0be75..b8b0be75 100644..100755
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter11_NAIDtL1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index d45717f4..d45717f4 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter15_F19vfPd.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
index d45717f4..d45717f4 100644..100755
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter15_F19vfPd.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index d317e792..d317e792 100755
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter2_Gdzqhfz.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index d5d7e4ea..d5d7e4ea 100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter2_Gdzqhfz.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 8d9af0c5..8d9af0c5 100755
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter3_g5kZGIh.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index b093a8a0..b093a8a0 100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter3_g5kZGIh.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 49782c9f..49782c9f 100755
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index e234ad9f..e234ad9f 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter5_b3JDxfA.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index e234ad9f..e234ad9f 100644..100755
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter5_b3JDxfA.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index c82ada44..c82ada44 100755..100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter6_MYuh5hK.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index c82ada44..c82ada44 100644..100755
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter6_MYuh5hK.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter7_4UbWKmj.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 777d4640..777d4640 100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter7_4UbWKmj.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index ee96e59f..ee96e59f 100755
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter8_Bm3chQW.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 3b5d4da2..3b5d4da2 100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter8_Bm3chQW.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index 3631a473..3631a473 100755
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter9_1ERbfbH.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 9a611935..9a611935 100644
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter9_1ERbfbH.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 2d2304df..2d2304df 100755
--- a/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principle_of_Communication_Engineering_by_A._Singh_and_A._K._Chhabra_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter10_Power_Semiconductor_Converters.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter10_Power_Semiconductor.ipynb
index 5d708e52..5d708e52 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter10_Power_Semiconductor_Converters.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter10_Power_Semiconductor.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter1_Magnetic_Circuits.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter1_Magnetic.ipynb
index 77efdc6b..77efdc6b 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter1_Magnetic_Circuits.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter1_Magnetic.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter2_Transformers.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 4bc50727..4bc50727 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter2_Transformers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter3_Electromechanical_Energy_Conversion.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter3_Electromechanical_Energy.ipynb
index 99f0ebef..99f0ebef 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter3_Electromechanical_Energy_Conversion.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter3_Electromechanical_Energy.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter4_DC_Machines.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter4_DC.ipynb
index d59054a9..d59054a9 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter4_DC_Machines.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter4_DC.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter5_Induction_(Asychronous)_Machines.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter5_Induction_(Asychronous).ipynb
index f6d9c8d6..f6d9c8d6 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter5_Induction_(Asychronous)_Machines.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter5_Induction_(Asychronous).ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter6_Synchronous_Machines.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter6_Synchronous.ipynb
index 61b98d8d..61b98d8d 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter6_Synchronous_Machines.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter6_Synchronous.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter7_Single_Phase_Motors.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter7_Single_Phase.ipynb
index 41efd6a8..41efd6a8 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter7_Single_Phase_Motors.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter7_Single_Phase.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter8_Special_Machines.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter8_Special.ipynb
index 984c4d58..984c4d58 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter8_Special_Machines.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter8_Special.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter9_Transients_and_Dynamics.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter9_Transients_and.ipynb
index 684c12a8..684c12a8 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen/Chapter9_Transients_and_Dynamics.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electric_Machines_And_Power_Electronics_by_P._C._Sen_version_backup/Chapter9_Transients_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation.ipynb
index c07461ef..c07461ef 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch10_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch10_1.ipynb
index 47581a84..47581a84 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch11_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch11_1.ipynb
index ad09fffb..ad09fffb 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch12_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch12_1.ipynb
index 49c7124a..49c7124a 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch13_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch13_1.ipynb
index a9e47981..a9e47981 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch14_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch14_1.ipynb
index da8a1301..da8a1301 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch15_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch15_1.ipynb
index f782a842..f782a842 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch1_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch1_1.ipynb
index 5c780e84..5c780e84 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch2_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch2_1.ipynb
index 26ecb8a9..26ecb8a9 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch3_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch3_1.ipynb
index 3eb1f316..3eb1f316 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch4_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch4_1.ipynb
index c07461ef..c07461ef 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch5_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch5_1.ipynb
index c194e95b..c194e95b 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch6_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch6_1.ipynb
index 20a99fec..20a99fec 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch7_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch7_1.ipynb
index 55ff6db4..55ff6db4 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch8_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch8_1.ipynb
index a772bd9b..a772bd9b 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch9_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch9_1.ipynb
index 887c53e4..887c53e4 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
index 89bbab6f..89bbab6f 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index fc9cdc80..fc9cdc80 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch10_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch10_1.ipynb
index 81485636..81485636 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 3af85274..3af85274 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch11_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch11_1.ipynb
index 64d1f306..64d1f306 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch12.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index 7b68ae3c..7b68ae3c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch12_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch12_1.ipynb
index 12118d74..12118d74 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch13.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
index 6023df95..6023df95 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch13_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch13_1.ipynb
index 54c238c2..54c238c2 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch14.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
index d1a0c39c..d1a0c39c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch14_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch14_1.ipynb
index 2b5ea3ff..2b5ea3ff 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch15.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch15.ipynb
index 8bd2591a..8bd2591a 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch15.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch15_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch15_1.ipynb
index a7e78a92..a7e78a92 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch1_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch1_1.ipynb
index 8ebe6e69..8ebe6e69 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index 8f666425..8f666425 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch2_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
index ec246d79..ec246d79 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index f642bdbb..f642bdbb 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch3_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
index dd8227a2..dd8227a2 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 9fe76ece..9fe76ece 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch4_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
index fd0d3134..fd0d3134 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index 7f653291..7f653291 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch5_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
index 99b93a85..99b93a85 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 322d8248..322d8248 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch6_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
index 8e83e9ab..8e83e9ab 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index d3ca872d..d3ca872d 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch7_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
index 7ec77fbb..7ec77fbb 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 65ad4a7c..65ad4a7c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch8_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
index fc73dc9e..fc73dc9e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index ee82c913..ee82c913 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch9_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch9_1.ipynb
index 8e2214d8..8e2214d8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling/ch9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Communication_Systems__by_H._Taub_and_D._L._Schilling_version_backup/ch9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 49519941..49519941 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index c0b0e702..c0b0e702 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
index c0b0e702..c0b0e702 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
index 0aa8bc1a..0aa8bc1a 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
index 0aa8bc1a..0aa8bc1a 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
index c33a83d1..c33a83d1 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10_5.ipynb
index c33a83d1..c33a83d1 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter10_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 6e0fb200..6e0fb200 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index 6e0fb200..6e0fb200 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
index 6e0fb200..6e0fb200 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11_3.ipynb
index 6e0fb200..6e0fb200 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11_4.ipynb
index 6e0fb200..6e0fb200 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11_5.ipynb
index 6e0fb200..6e0fb200 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter11_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index 05e3d9d8..05e3d9d8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index 05e3d9d8..05e3d9d8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
index 05e3d9d8..05e3d9d8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
index 05e3d9d8..05e3d9d8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
index 05e3d9d8..05e3d9d8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12_5.ipynb
index 05e3d9d8..05e3d9d8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter12_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index 8c036515..8c036515 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index 8c036515..8c036515 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
index afa98f3a..afa98f3a 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
index afa98f3a..afa98f3a 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
index 7d378f3d..7d378f3d 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13_5.ipynb
index 7d378f3d..7d378f3d 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter13_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index 5e35882c..5e35882c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
index 5e35882c..5e35882c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
index 5e35882c..5e35882c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14_3.ipynb
index 5e35882c..5e35882c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14_4.ipynb
index 5e35882c..5e35882c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14_5.ipynb
index 5e35882c..5e35882c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter14_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index e649cc91..e649cc91 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
index e649cc91..e649cc91 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
index e649cc91..e649cc91 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15_3.ipynb
index e649cc91..e649cc91 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15_4.ipynb
index e649cc91..e649cc91 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15_5.ipynb
index e649cc91..e649cc91 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter15_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
index b2262b8f..b2262b8f 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
index b2262b8f..b2262b8f 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
index b2262b8f..b2262b8f 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16_3.ipynb
index b2262b8f..b2262b8f 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16_4.ipynb
index b2262b8f..b2262b8f 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16_5.ipynb
index b2262b8f..b2262b8f 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter16_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
index 2c9a49a5..2c9a49a5 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17_1.ipynb
index 2c9a49a5..2c9a49a5 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17_2.ipynb
index 2c9a49a5..2c9a49a5 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17_3.ipynb
index 2c9a49a5..2c9a49a5 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17_4.ipynb
index 2c9a49a5..2c9a49a5 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17_5.ipynb
index 2c9a49a5..2c9a49a5 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter17_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18.ipynb
index 34ff63b3..34ff63b3 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18_1.ipynb
index 34ff63b3..34ff63b3 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18_2.ipynb
index 8a5bc9dc..8a5bc9dc 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18_3.ipynb
index 9d2e921c..9d2e921c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18_4.ipynb
index 5cc7f4af..5cc7f4af 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18_5.ipynb
index 5cc7f4af..5cc7f4af 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter18_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
index 5c74053c..5c74053c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19_1.ipynb
index 5c74053c..5c74053c 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19_2.ipynb
index 36c07b9b..36c07b9b 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19_3.ipynb
index 2da379bc..2da379bc 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19_4.ipynb
index 65f7561a..65f7561a 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19_5.ipynb
index 65f7561a..65f7561a 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter19_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index 49519941..49519941 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
index 49519941..49519941 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
index 49519941..49519941 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1_4.ipynb
index 49519941..49519941 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1_5.ipynb
index 49519941..49519941 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter1_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 06a555a6..06a555a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20.ipynb
index cad31534..cad31534 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20_1.ipynb
index cad31534..cad31534 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20_2.ipynb
index cad31534..cad31534 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20_3.ipynb
index cad31534..cad31534 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20_4.ipynb
index cad31534..cad31534 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20_5.ipynb
index cad31534..cad31534 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter20_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
index acca0cfa..acca0cfa 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21_1.ipynb
index acca0cfa..acca0cfa 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21_2.ipynb
index acca0cfa..acca0cfa 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21_3.ipynb
index acca0cfa..acca0cfa 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21_4.ipynb
index acca0cfa..acca0cfa 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21_5.ipynb
index acca0cfa..acca0cfa 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter21_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
index 5f13ea0e..5f13ea0e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22_1.ipynb
index 5f13ea0e..5f13ea0e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22_2.ipynb
index 5f13ea0e..5f13ea0e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22_3.ipynb
index 5f13ea0e..5f13ea0e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22_4.ipynb
index 5f13ea0e..5f13ea0e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22_5.ipynb
index 5f13ea0e..5f13ea0e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter22_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
index 19741354..19741354 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23_1.ipynb
index 19741354..19741354 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23_2.ipynb
index 19741354..19741354 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23_3.ipynb
index 19741354..19741354 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23_4.ipynb
index 19741354..19741354 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23_5.ipynb
index 19741354..19741354 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter23_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24.ipynb
index e63c17a6..e63c17a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24_1.ipynb
index e63c17a6..e63c17a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24_2.ipynb
index e63c17a6..e63c17a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24_3.ipynb
index e63c17a6..e63c17a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24_4.ipynb
index e63c17a6..e63c17a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24_5.ipynb
index e63c17a6..e63c17a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter24_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25.ipynb
index 6add7ba9..6add7ba9 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25_1.ipynb
index 6add7ba9..6add7ba9 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25_2.ipynb
index d24cf79d..d24cf79d 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25_3.ipynb
index 8b1cb626..8b1cb626 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25_4.ipynb
index 92d6f1ec..92d6f1ec 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25_5.ipynb
index 92d6f1ec..92d6f1ec 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter25_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26.ipynb
index 670a61b0..670a61b0 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26_1.ipynb
index 670a61b0..670a61b0 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26_2.ipynb
index 670a61b0..670a61b0 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26_3.ipynb
index 670a61b0..670a61b0 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26_4.ipynb
index 670a61b0..670a61b0 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26_5.ipynb
index 670a61b0..670a61b0 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter26_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index 06a555a6..06a555a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
index 06a555a6..06a555a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2_3.ipynb
index 06a555a6..06a555a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2_4.ipynb
index 06a555a6..06a555a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2_5.ipynb
index 06a555a6..06a555a6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter2_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index a6008ee1..a6008ee1 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index a6008ee1..a6008ee1 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
index a6008ee1..a6008ee1 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6_3.ipynb
index a6008ee1..a6008ee1 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6_4.ipynb
index a6008ee1..a6008ee1 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6_5.ipynb
index a6008ee1..a6008ee1 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter6_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 537a179e..537a179e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index 537a179e..537a179e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
index 537a179e..537a179e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
index 537a179e..537a179e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7_4.ipynb
index 537a179e..537a179e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7_5.ipynb
index 537a179e..537a179e 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter7_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 4afe0858..4afe0858 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index 4afe0858..4afe0858 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
index 4afe0858..4afe0858 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8_3.ipynb
index 4afe0858..4afe0858 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8_4.ipynb
index c13922ee..c13922ee 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8_5.ipynb
index c13922ee..c13922ee 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter8_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index e8168ab8..e8168ab8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index e8168ab8..e8168ab8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
index e8168ab8..e8168ab8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9_3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9_3.ipynb
index e8168ab8..e8168ab8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9_4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9_4.ipynb
index e8168ab8..e8168ab8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9_5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9_5.ipynb
index e8168ab8..e8168ab8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta_version_backup/chapter9_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 420e6d18..420e6d18 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index b0755268..b0755268 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 8834e822..8834e822 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 0781dd9b..0781dd9b 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 3c083749..3c083749 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index c0ff2f9f..c0ff2f9f 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index fef24844..fef24844 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 48f13aa4..48f13aa4 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index c718557a..c718557a 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter18.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
index 30da03c6..30da03c6 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter19.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index b47005ea..b47005ea 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index 7ecae444..7ecae444 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 45af3540..45af3540 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter20.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
index 57a9e2b3..57a9e2b3 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter21.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
index 19fc26f8..19fc26f8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter22.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
index 83a6cca0..83a6cca0 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter23.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
index 59609590..59609590 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter24.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter24.ipynb
index 493417e2..493417e2 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter24.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter25.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter25.ipynb
index 31ea6b76..31ea6b76 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter25.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter25.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter26.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter26.ipynb
index ab561997..ab561997 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter26.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter27.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter27.ipynb
index 350d825b..350d825b 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter27.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter27.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 2890d047..2890d047 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 731a39e5..731a39e5 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index ec024bc9..ec024bc9 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 750b65e7..750b65e7 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index 6b3b6494..6b3b6494 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 05c6aa63..05c6aa63 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index 64ed1a47..64ed1a47 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 09d307d8..09d307d8 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index 6472bc27..6472bc27 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 2c6e6eeb..2c6e6eeb 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 85cf36f7..85cf36f7 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index b6b6ca79..b6b6ca79 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 2cc88216..2cc88216 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 7a1ea09f..7a1ea09f 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index deed5b2f..deed5b2f 100755
--- a/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours____.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter12CondensationofSingleVapours.ipynb
index 41f93fc2..41f93fc2 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours____.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter12CondensationofSingleVapours.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat.ipynb
index d735fd25..d735fd25 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_1.ipynb
index 8e712245..8e712245 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_2.ipynb
index 8e712245..8e712245 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_3.ipynb
index 8e712245..8e712245 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_10_Stream_Line_Flow_and_Heat_Convection_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat.ipynb
index c318815e..c318815e 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions_1.ipynb
index c318815e..c318815e 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions_2.ipynb
index c318815e..c318815e 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_11_Calculations_for_Process_Heat_Conditions_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____1.ipynb
index d6ed4d36..d6ed4d36 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____2.ipynb
index d6ed4d36..d6ed4d36 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____3.ipynb
index d6ed4d36..d6ed4d36 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_12_Condensation_of_Single_Vapours_____3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_14_Evapouration.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
index 2fc8b593..2fc8b593 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_14_Evapouration.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_14_Evapouration_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_14_Evapouration_1.ipynb
index 6c6ad595..6c6ad595 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_14_Evapouration_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_14_Evapouration_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_14_Evapouration_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_14_Evapouration_2.ipynb
index 6c6ad595..6c6ad595 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_14_Evapouration_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_14_Evapouration_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_14_Evapouration_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_14_Evapouration_3.ipynb
index 6c6ad595..6c6ad595 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_14_Evapouration_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_14_Evapouration_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and.ipynb
index 4b0ddf56..4b0ddf56 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_1.ipynb
index d185cf80..d185cf80 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_2.ipynb
index d185cf80..d185cf80 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_3.ipynb
index d185cf80..d185cf80 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_15__Vaporizers_Evapourators_and_Reboilers_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_16_Extented.ipynb
index 36846d25..36846d25 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_16_Extented.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_1.ipynb
index 4ffc6c97..4ffc6c97 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_2.ipynb
index 4ffc6c97..4ffc6c97 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_3.ipynb
index 4ffc6c97..4ffc6c97 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_16_Extented_Surfaces_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling.ipynb
index b1b667a8..b1b667a8 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_1.ipynb
index 45f8b0e5..45f8b0e5 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_2.ipynb
index 45f8b0e5..45f8b0e5 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_3.ipynb
index 45f8b0e5..45f8b0e5 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_17_Direct_Contact_Transfer__Cooling_Tower_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State.ipynb
index cddac489..cddac489 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_1.ipynb
index 583cdf29..583cdf29 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_2.ipynb
index 09fa8a9f..09fa8a9f 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_3.ipynb
index 09fa8a9f..09fa8a9f 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_18_Batch_and_Unsteady_State_Processes_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_19_Furnace.ipynb
index 072bc832..072bc832 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_19_Furnace.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_1.ipynb
index 73bc1303..73bc1303 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_2.ipynb
index 73bc1303..73bc1303 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_3.ipynb
index 73bc1303..73bc1303 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_19_Furnace_Calculations_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_2_Conduction.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
index 8bc5413c..8bc5413c 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_2_Conduction.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_20_Additoinal.ipynb
index a3fc5450..a3fc5450 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_20_Additoinal.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_1.ipynb
index 417b7f25..417b7f25 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_2.ipynb
index 417b7f25..417b7f25 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_3.ipynb
index 417b7f25..417b7f25 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_20_Additoinal_Applications_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_2_Conduction_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_2_Conduction_1.ipynb
index d13df346..d13df346 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_2_Conduction_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_2_Conduction_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_2_Conduction_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_2_Conduction_2.ipynb
index d13df346..d13df346 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_2_Conduction_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_2_Conduction_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_2_Conduction_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_2_Conduction_3.ipynb
index d13df346..d13df346 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_2_Conduction_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_2_Conduction_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_4_Radiation.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
index 71f8ec94..71f8ec94 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_4_Radiation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_4_Radiation_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_4_Radiation_1.ipynb
index 769fa4d0..769fa4d0 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_4_Radiation_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_4_Radiation_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_4_Radiation_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_4_Radiation_2.ipynb
index 769fa4d0..769fa4d0 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_4_Radiation_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_4_Radiation_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_4_Radiation_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_4_Radiation_3.ipynb
index 769fa4d0..769fa4d0 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_4_Radiation_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_4_Radiation_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_5_Temperature.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index 8b658273..8b658273 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_5_Temperature.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_5_Temperature_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_5_Temperature_1.ipynb
index 2fa21473..2fa21473 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_5_Temperature_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_5_Temperature_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_5_Temperature_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_5_Temperature_2.ipynb
index 2fa21473..2fa21473 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_5_Temperature_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_5_Temperature_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_5_Temperature_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_5_Temperature_3.ipynb
index 2fa21473..2fa21473 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_5_Temperature_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_5_Temperature_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe.ipynb
index 49162c0d..49162c0d 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_1.ipynb
index d1205d31..d1205d31 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_2.ipynb
index d1205d31..d1205d31 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_3.ipynb
index d1205d31..d1205d31 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_6_Counterflow_Double_Pipe_Exchangers_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube.ipynb
index 2593280d..2593280d 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_1.ipynb
index 697d628e..697d628e 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_2.ipynb
index 697d628e..697d628e 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_3.ipynb
index 697d628e..697d628e 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_7_Parallel-Counter_flow_Shell_and_Tube_Exchangers_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat.ipynb
index 3d3964a6..3d3964a6 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_1.ipynb
index 5ebbdccc..5ebbdccc 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_2.ipynb
index 5ebbdccc..5ebbdccc 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_3.ipynb
index 5ebbdccc..5ebbdccc 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_8_flow_arrangements_for_increased_heat_recovery_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_9_Gases.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
index 52b09ddd..52b09ddd 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_9_Gases.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_9_Gases_1.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_9_Gases_1.ipynb
index 725fa18f..725fa18f 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_9_Gases_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_9_Gases_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_9_Gases_2.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_9_Gases_2.ipynb
index 725fa18f..725fa18f 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_9_Gases_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_9_Gases_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_9_Gases_3.ipynb b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_9_Gases_3.ipynb
index 725fa18f..725fa18f 100755
--- a/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern/Chapter_9_Gases_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Process_Heat_Transfer_by_D._Q._Kern_version_backup/Chapter_9_Gases_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index d6586880..d6586880 100755
--- a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 78101446..78101446 100755
--- a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index ce1dfb31..ce1dfb31 100755
--- a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 9666b1af..9666b1af 100755
--- a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 9a18598b..9a18598b 100755
--- a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index aa1b8e58..aa1b8e58 100755
--- a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 87872c97..87872c97 100755
--- a/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi_/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Propagation_Engineering_in_Wireless_Communications_by_Abdollah_Ghasemi__version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index c048e488..c048e488 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index e80ad105..e80ad105 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index c9ef92fc..c9ef92fc 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index def9a8d2..def9a8d2 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 306b8075..306b8075 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 89228f7b..89228f7b 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 1809068a..1809068a 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 5aea15e0..5aea15e0 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index 9ff8c9be..9ff8c9be 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter18.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
index d667f507..d667f507 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter19.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index 61831463..61831463 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index c0146fd8..c0146fd8 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter20.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
index aa2212ac..aa2212ac 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter21.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
index eaa1c595..eaa1c595 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter22.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
index b0dd3f11..b0dd3f11 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter23.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
index 0046f9dc..0046f9dc 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter24.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter24.ipynb
index fae1af80..fae1af80 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter24.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter25.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter25.ipynb
index 15760b75..15760b75 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter25.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter25.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index dee2bda5..dee2bda5 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index edb5d12d..edb5d12d 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index 8b6286d1..8b6286d1 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 7d2fb138..7d2fb138 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index ff247148..ff247148 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index ad182efa..ad182efa 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index b7d05043..b7d05043 100755
--- a/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantitative_Aptitude_for_Competitive_Examinations_by_Abhijit_Guha_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index 9d30125f..9d30125f 100755
--- a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 3d83df64..3d83df64 100755
--- a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 7ef8f5c9..7ef8f5c9 100755
--- a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 214047e7..214047e7 100755
--- a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 04b23240..04b23240 100755
--- a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 50969726..50969726 100755
--- a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 8c294517..8c294517 100755
--- a/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Quantum_mechanics_by_M.C.Jain_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter1_nKyAwVf.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index dc168263..5f30e2b4 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter1_nKyAwVf.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -326,8 +326,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "b=250.0 #width, in mm\n",
     "D=500 #overall depth, in mm\n",
     "Ast=4*.785*22**2 #four 22 mm dia bars, in sq mm\n",
@@ -455,7 +453,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 17,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -470,8 +468,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "b=350.0 #width, in mm\n",
     "D=650 #overall depth, in mm\n",
     "Ast=4*.785*22**2 #four 22mm dia bars, in sq mm\n",
@@ -502,7 +498,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 18,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -517,8 +513,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "b=250.0 #width, in mm\n",
     "sigma_cbc=5.0 #in MPa\n",
     "sigma_st=190.0 #in MPa\n",
@@ -542,7 +536,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 20,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -557,9 +551,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#b=d/2 (given)\n",
+    " #b=d/2 (given)\n",
     "sigma_cbc=5 #in MPa\n",
     "sigma_st=140.0 #in MPa\n",
     "m=18.66 #modular ratio\n",
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter10_QlnhZhy.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index b6dbe200..b6dbe200 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter10_QlnhZhy.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter11_0iM0C4n.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 0acd4c7c..0acd4c7c 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter11_0iM0C4n.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter12_KLDtsnD.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 00ba8990..00ba8990 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter12_KLDtsnD.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter13_PUt6mPw.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 4f93fd39..88c6cdbf 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter13_PUt6mPw.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -106,8 +106,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "sigma_cbc=7 #in MPa\n",
     "sigma_ct=1.2 #in MPa\n",
     "sigma_st=170 #in MPa\n",
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter14_1MNPptQ.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index ee39f719..ee39f719 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter14_1MNPptQ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter15_xVW7XGn.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index 4f33f0e8..4f33f0e8 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter15_xVW7XGn.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter16_au5Aji1.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 862a551d..862a551d 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter16_au5Aji1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter17_0ixqhLJ.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index 9cca9ebe..9cca9ebe 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter17_0ixqhLJ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter18_jjgTIC5.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
index 42fdbe26..42fdbe26 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter18_jjgTIC5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter19_Z3Jn476.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index cdd3dc10..cdd3dc10 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter19_Z3Jn476.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter2_jki9geU.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 3b926f9d..3b926f9d 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter2_jki9geU.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter3_9BtkYo4.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 776d6bac..776d6bac 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter3_9BtkYo4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter4_KaWbXff.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index baea0397..baea0397 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter4_KaWbXff.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter5_NTVaiVF.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index e51c7989..faac3c92 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter5_NTVaiVF.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
@@ -299,8 +299,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "dia=500 #in mm\n",
     "Asc=6*math.pi/4*25**2 #six 25 mm dia bars, in sq mm\n",
     "Lef=8 #effective length of column, in m\n",
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter7_fElJXKG.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index f90ccffb..f90ccffb 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter7_fElJXKG.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter8_P6SjSkH.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 716ce21b..716ce21b 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter8_P6SjSkH.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter9_5BJhRQ7.ipynb b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index e6ff9686..e6ff9686 100644..100755
--- a/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale/Chapter9_5BJhRQ7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RCC_Theory_and_Design_by_M._G._Shah_and_C._M._Kale_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Radar_Engineering_and_Funamentals_of_Navigational_Aids/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Radar_Engineering_and_Funamentals_of_Navigational_Aids_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 807fa066..807fa066 100755
--- a/Radar_Engineering_and_Funamentals_of_Navigational_Aids/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radar_Engineering_and_Funamentals_of_Navigational_Aids_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index 6a3f315f..6a3f315f 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 995e4b34..995e4b34 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch12.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index 65822118..65822118 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch13.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
index 2ae8430e..2ae8430e 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index e633285c..e633285c 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 8398ad62..8398ad62 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 7b8dede2..7b8dede2 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index ed9a3817..ed9a3817 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 39e9bf33..39e9bf33 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 395884ba..395884ba 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 99400d20..99400d20 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index 9a122fc2..9a122fc2 100755
--- a/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Radio_-_Frequency_And_Microwave_Communication_Circuits_by_D._K._Mishra_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/RavirajJadeja/ch16.ipynb b/backup/RavirajJadeja_version_backup/ch16.ipynb
index 2b395898..2b395898 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/RavirajJadeja/ch16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/RavirajJadeja_version_backup/ch16.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER1_Cx8gAkH.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER1.ipynb
index 81311d47..81311d47 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER1_Cx8gAkH.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER1.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER10_deKSw8L.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER10.ipynb
index 2855a29c..2855a29c 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER10_deKSw8L.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER10.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER11_8gI9cOc.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER11.ipynb
index 2c6f3f29..2c6f3f29 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER11_8gI9cOc.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER11.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER15_EjUPJ0v.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER15.ipynb
index f941b77f..f941b77f 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER15_EjUPJ0v.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER15.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER18_4VC9Tgt.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER18.ipynb
index e1962b2c..e1962b2c 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER18_4VC9Tgt.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER18.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER2_3QlBwiq.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER2.ipynb
index 4710dde2..4710dde2 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER2_3QlBwiq.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER2.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER21_CbiJJQV.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER21.ipynb
index a769b073..a769b073 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER21_CbiJJQV.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER21.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER22_A90BBe5.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER22.ipynb
index eb85362f..eb85362f 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER22_A90BBe5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER22.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER23_cNRUEeX.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER23.ipynb
index ff7d9550..ff7d9550 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER23_cNRUEeX.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER23.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER24_R6cLG4B.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER24.ipynb
index 66471240..66471240 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER24_R6cLG4B.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER24.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER25_1DX8OSW.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER25.ipynb
index 6dde7780..6dde7780 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER25_1DX8OSW.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER25.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER29_3cq6v6l.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER29.ipynb
index 9ccca88a..9ccca88a 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER29_3cq6v6l.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER29.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER30_SCStTvJ.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER30.ipynb
index 475ed0a5..475ed0a5 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER30_SCStTvJ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER30.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER6_XUrMomH.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER6.ipynb
index b08708fb..b08708fb 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER6_XUrMomH.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER6.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER1_tTTtAGA.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_1.ipynb
index 81311d47..81311d47 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER1_tTTtAGA.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER10_nEakS5a.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_10.ipynb
index 2855a29c..2855a29c 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER10_nEakS5a.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER11_MJJTMHn.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_11.ipynb
index 2c6f3f29..2c6f3f29 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER11_MJJTMHn.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER15_Roqr72G.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_15.ipynb
index f941b77f..f941b77f 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER15_Roqr72G.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER18_WLmHyb2.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_18.ipynb
index e1962b2c..e1962b2c 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER18_WLmHyb2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_18.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER2_LKgawws.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_2.ipynb
index 4710dde2..4710dde2 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER2_LKgawws.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER21_UhZBojS.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_21.ipynb
index a769b073..a769b073 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER21_UhZBojS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_21.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER22_pt1KUOh.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_22.ipynb
index eb85362f..eb85362f 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER22_pt1KUOh.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_22.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER23_epZvlzC.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_23.ipynb
index ff7d9550..ff7d9550 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER23_epZvlzC.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_23.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER24_ZrVZ9ht.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_24.ipynb
index 66471240..66471240 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER24_ZrVZ9ht.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_24.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER25_2xliq15.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_25.ipynb
index 6dde7780..6dde7780 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER25_2xliq15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_25.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER29_BRfETw7.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_29.ipynb
index 9ccca88a..9ccca88a 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER29_BRfETw7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_29.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER30_abGorSc.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_30.ipynb
index 475ed0a5..475ed0a5 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER30_abGorSc.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_30.ipynb
diff --git a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER6_r7ylWQR.ipynb b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_6.ipynb
index b08708fb..b08708fb 100644
--- a/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch/CHAPTER6_r7ylWQR.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Refrigeration_and_Air-Conditioning_by_G.F._Hundy,_A.A._Trott._and_le._Welch_version_backup/CHAPTER_6.ipynb
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap1_Introduction.ipynb b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap1.ipynb
index a5f2c912..a5f2c912 100755
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap1_Introduction.ipynb
+++ b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap1.ipynb
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap10.ipynb b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap10.ipynb
index b87fe16a..b87fe16a 100755
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap10.ipynb
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap2.ipynb b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap2.ipynb
index e3e0c595..e3e0c595 100755
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap2.ipynb
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap3.ipynb b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap3.ipynb
index af93c556..af93c556 100755
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap3.ipynb
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap5.ipynb b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap5.ipynb
index a73f9fc8..a73f9fc8 100755
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap5.ipynb
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap7.ipynb b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap7.ipynb
index 25fe5def..25fe5def 100755
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap7.ipynb
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap8.ipynb b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap8.ipynb
index 197ff573..197ff573 100755
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap8.ipynb
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap9.ipynb b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap9.ipynb
index 3153bd76..3153bd76 100755
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chap9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chap9.ipynb
diff --git a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index b203f9a0..b203f9a0 100755
--- a/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/SURVYNG_AND_LEVELLING__by_N.N.BASAK_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index a83e318c..a83e318c 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index 71f6cb5e..71f6cb5e 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 5c8a527a..5c8a527a 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index 327944e4..327944e4 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index 4f2d3aa3..4f2d3aa3 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index 9f5cc4b6..9f5cc4b6 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index 294c88a5..294c88a5 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
index 74455477..74455477 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 0a6f0ebe..0a6f0ebe 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter20.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter20.ipynb
index e6324f36..e6324f36 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter21.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
index 0d7c0e64..0d7c0e64 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter22.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
index 54f1e6ec..54f1e6ec 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter23.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
index 629ba68d..629ba68d 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 3dcf148b..3dcf148b 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 03528df0..03528df0 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 74584d69..74584d69 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 6aaa6086..6aaa6086 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 457c9743..457c9743 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 0f58572d..0f58572d 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index d0c220c2..d0c220c2 100755
--- a/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Sams_Teach_Yourself_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Analysis_in_24_Hours_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_10_Kinetic_Theory_of_Gases.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_10_Kinetic_Theory_of.ipynb
index 985c556b..985c556b 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_10_Kinetic_Theory_of_Gases.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_10_Kinetic_Theory_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_11_Thermodynamics.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index b18cc08d..b18cc08d 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_11_Thermodynamics.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_12_Electricity.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
index b4da4d4e..b4da4d4e 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_12_Electricity.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_13_Electric_Current.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_13_Electric.ipynb
index 1a73b333..1a73b333 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_13_Electric_Current.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_13_Electric.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_14_Magnetism.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
index 240264e3..240264e3 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_14_Magnetism.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_15_Electromagnetic_Induction.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_15_Electromagnetic.ipynb
index 57708c98..57708c98 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_15_Electromagnetic_Induction.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_15_Electromagnetic.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_16_Waves.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
index 3f6aad2b..3f6aad2b 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_16_Waves.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_17_Lenses.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_17.ipynb
index fad80461..fad80461 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_17_Lenses.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_17.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_18_Quantum_Physics.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_18_Quantum.ipynb
index c11c8342..c11c8342 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_18_Quantum_Physics.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_18_Quantum.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_19_The_Nucleus.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_19_The.ipynb
index 5f0c7b02..5f0c7b02 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_19_The_Nucleus.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_19_The.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_1_Physical_Quantities.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_1_Physical.ipynb
index 8a96e830..8a96e830 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_1_Physical_Quantities.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_1_Physical.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_21_Theory_of_The_Atom.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_21_Theory_of_The.ipynb
index 2ae1e38f..2ae1e38f 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_21_Theory_of_The_Atom.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_21_Theory_of_The.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_25_Stoichiometry.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_25.ipynb
index 4cc4bdb9..4cc4bdb9 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_25_Stoichiometry.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_25.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_26_Solutions.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_26.ipynb
index 99ed31dc..99ed31dc 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_26_Solutions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_26.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_27_Solutions.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_27.ipynb
index 5b3cbe21..5b3cbe21 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_27_Solutions.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_27.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_28_Acids_and_Bases.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_28_Acids_and.ipynb
index 4d70e86c..4d70e86c 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_28_Acids_and_Bases.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_28_Acids_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_2_Motion_in_a_straight_line.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_2_Motion_in_a_straight.ipynb
index 5e1116e7..5e1116e7 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_2_Motion_in_a_straight_line.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_2_Motion_in_a_straight.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_30_Electrochemistry.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_30.ipynb
index d0df0a24..d0df0a24 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_30_Electrochemistry.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_30.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_34_The_Atmosphere.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_34_The.ipynb
index fae6cf86..fae6cf86 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_34_The_Atmosphere.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_34_The.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_3_The_Laws_of_Motion.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_3_The_Laws_of.ipynb
index 83be903d..83be903d 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_3_The_Laws_of_Motion.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_3_The_Laws_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_40_The_Earths_Interior.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_40_The_Earths.ipynb
index 0780095b..0780095b 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_40_The_Earths_Interior.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_40_The_Earths.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_4_Circular_Motion_and_Gravitation.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_4_Circular_Motion_and.ipynb
index 79caaa72..79caaa72 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_4_Circular_Motion_and_Gravitation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_4_Circular_Motion_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_5_Energy.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index f2ba30c1..f2ba30c1 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_5_Energy.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_6_Momentum.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
index 2ab82152..2ab82152 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_6_Momentum.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_7_Relativity.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
index bc92739c..bc92739c 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_7_Relativity.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_8_Fluids.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
index 19389bab..19389bab 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_8_Fluids.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_9_Head.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
index 41e8f5d2..41e8f5d2 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser/Chapter_9_Head.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outline_Of_Physical_Science_by_A._Beiser_version_backup/Chapter_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_10_Switched_Mode_Power_Supplies.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey_version_backup/Chapter_10_Switched_Mode_Power.ipynb
index 8c2f7de1..8c2f7de1 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_10_Switched_Mode_Power_Supplies.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey_version_backup/Chapter_10_Switched_Mode_Power.ipynb
diff --git a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_2_Semiconductor_Diodes.ipynb b/backup/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey_version_backup/Chapter_2_Semiconductor.ipynb
index 9a036adf..9a036adf 100755
--- a/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey/Chapter_2_Semiconductor_Diodes.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Schaum's_Outlines_Of_Electronic_Devices_And_Circuits_by_J._J._Cathey_version_backup/Chapter_2_Semiconductor.ipynb
diff --git a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 57ba73b4..57ba73b4 100755
--- a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index f4a3715b..f4a3715b 100755
--- a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 66e6273a..66e6273a 100755
--- a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 1e7a3d16..1e7a3d16 100755
--- a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index c41c8cff..c41c8cff 100755
--- a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index b2d3468e..b2d3468e 100755
--- a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 535243d9..535243d9 100755
--- a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index c5f7e248..c5f7e248 100755
--- a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index dab318d1..dab318d1 100755
--- a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 5fb15e3e..5fb15e3e 100755
--- a/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Semiconductor_Devices_Basic_Principle_by_J._Singh_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter02.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
index aa1ce937..aa1ce937 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter02_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter02_1.ipynb
index aa1ce937..aa1ce937 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter02_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter02_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter03.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
index 845e7e36..845e7e36 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter03_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter03_1.ipynb
index 845e7e36..845e7e36 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter03_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter03_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter04.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter04.ipynb
index 98984f8d..98984f8d 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter04.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter04_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter04_1.ipynb
index 98984f8d..98984f8d 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter04_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter04_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter05.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
index b63fe57a..b63fe57a 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter05_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter05_1.ipynb
index b63fe57a..b63fe57a 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter05_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter05_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter06.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter06.ipynb
index b796965c..b796965c 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter06.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter06.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter06_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter06_1.ipynb
index b796965c..b796965c 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter06_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter06_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter07.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
index e21ff47c..e21ff47c 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter07_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter07_1.ipynb
index e21ff47c..e21ff47c 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter07_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter07_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter08.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
index 7d4e17f3..7d4e17f3 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter08_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter08_1.ipynb
index 7d4e17f3..7d4e17f3 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter08_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter08_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter09.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
index 2a9d194f..2a9d194f 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter09_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter09_1.ipynb
index 2a9d194f..2a9d194f 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter09_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter09_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 6c989224..6c989224 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 6c989224..6c989224 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index d74c2c92..d74c2c92 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index d74c2c92..d74c2c92 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits___by_V._Chaudhary_and_H._K._Maity_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_1.ipynb
index 996cf740..996cf740 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_2.ipynb
index 6d8a994c..6d8a994c 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_3.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_3.ipynb
index 8b1b7b23..8b1b7b23 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_4.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_4.ipynb
index 5d2c1109..5d2c1109 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_5.ipynb
index e37d35ce..e37d35ce 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_6.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_6.ipynb
index 719faded..719faded 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_7.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_7.ipynb
index 4c2dad4e..4c2dad4e 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma/SSDC_Chapter_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_and_Circuits_by_Sanjay_Sharma_version_backup/SSDC_Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED_RECTIFIER.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED.ipynb
index 6410798f..6410798f 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED_RECTIFIER.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED_RECTIFIER_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED_RECTIFIER_1.ipynb
index 6410798f..6410798f 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED_RECTIFIER_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED_RECTIFIER_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED_RECTIFIER_2.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED_RECTIFIER_2.ipynb
index 6410798f..6410798f 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED_RECTIFIER_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_10_SILICON_CONTROLLED_RECTIFIER_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL.ipynb
index cd376de8..cd376de8 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_1.ipynb
index cd376de8..cd376de8 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_2.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_2.ipynb
index cd376de8..cd376de8 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN_JUNCTIONS.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN.ipynb
index 95315558..95315558 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN_JUNCTIONS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN_JUNCTIONS_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN_JUNCTIONS_1.ipynb
index 95315558..95315558 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN_JUNCTIONS_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN_JUNCTIONS_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN_JUNCTIONS_2.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN_JUNCTIONS_2.ipynb
index 95315558..95315558 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN_JUNCTIONS_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/Chapter_6_ELECTRICAL_BREAKDOWN_IN_PN_JUNCTIONS_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF_SOLIDS.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF.ipynb
index 7b0ddd98..7b0ddd98 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF_SOLIDS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF_SOLIDS_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF_SOLIDS_1.ipynb
index 7b0ddd98..7b0ddd98 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF_SOLIDS_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF_SOLIDS_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF_SOLIDS_2.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF_SOLIDS_2.ipynb
index 7b0ddd98..7b0ddd98 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF_SOLIDS_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_2_ENERGY_BAND_THEORY_OF_SOLIDS_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN.ipynb
index 2cc9b53b..2cc9b53b 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_1.ipynb
index 2cc9b53b..2cc9b53b 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_2.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_2.ipynb
index 2cc9b53b..2cc9b53b 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_3_CARRIER_TRANSPORT_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN.ipynb
index 4b62aae8..4b62aae8 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_1.ipynb
index 4b62aae8..4b62aae8 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_2.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_2.ipynb
index 4b62aae8..4b62aae8 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_4__EXCESS_CARRIER_IN_SEMICONDUCTOR_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION_DIODE.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION.ipynb
index f92767c3..f92767c3 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION_DIODE.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION_DIODE_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION_DIODE_1.ipynb
index f92767c3..f92767c3 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION_DIODE_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION_DIODE_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION_DIODE_2.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION_DIODE_2.ipynb
index f92767c3..f92767c3 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION_DIODE_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_5_PN_JUNCTION_DIODE_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORB.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION.ipynb
index bbe984b6..bbe984b6 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORB.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORB_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORB_1.ipynb
index bbe984b6..bbe984b6 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORB_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORB_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORB_2.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORB_2.ipynb
index bbe984b6..bbe984b6 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORB_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_7_BIPOLAR_JUNCTION_TRANSISTORB_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTOR.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT.ipynb
index 0c2e0420..0c2e0420 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTOR.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTOR_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTOR_1.ipynb
index 0c2e0420..0c2e0420 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTOR_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTOR_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTOR_2.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTOR_2.ipynb
index 0c2e0420..0c2e0420 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTOR_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Devices_by_B._S._Nair_and_S._R._Deepa_version_backup/chapter_8_THE_FIELD_EFFECT_TRANSISTOR_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index d6e53c88..d6e53c88 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..e69de29b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index a26284d9..a26284d9 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 2cd846f8..2cd846f8 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter11_xIicyr8.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 2cd846f8..2cd846f8 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter11_xIicyr8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 2c961102..2c961102 100755..100644
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter1_gdrng9U.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
index d6e53c88..d6e53c88 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter1_gdrng9U.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 63a5a06a..63a5a06a 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter2_RLHLaga.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
index 63a5a06a..63a5a06a 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter2_RLHLaga.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index a0fd4aba..a0fd4aba 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter3_PZ90WhS.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
index 901966f7..a0fd4aba 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter3_PZ90WhS.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter3_1.ipynb
@@ -182,21 +182,22 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 35,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": false
    },
    "outputs": [
     {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "1/mnc*= 0.26 m0\n"
+     "ename": "SyntaxError",
+     "evalue": "invalid syntax (<ipython-input-35-754c806b687a>, line 1)",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[1;36m  File \u001b[1;32m\"<ipython-input-35-754c806b687a>\"\u001b[1;36m, line \u001b[1;32m1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;33m    http://localhost:8888/notebooks/Chapter3.ipynb##importing module\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;37m        ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[1;31m:\u001b[0m invalid syntax\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "#importing module\n",
+    "http://localhost:8888/notebooks/Chapter3.ipynb##importing module\n",
     "import math\n",
     "from __future__ import division\n",
     "\n",
@@ -591,14 +592,14 @@
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
     "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
+    "version": 3
    },
    "file_extension": ".py",
    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.12"
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.5.2"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index cf309081..cf309081 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter4_WU1E9Hg.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
index cf309081..cf309081 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter4_WU1E9Hg.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index c69c6d26..c69c6d26 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter5_DR2oZl3.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
index c69c6d26..c69c6d26 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter5_DR2oZl3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index d8624900..d8624900 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter6_qpsBdAt.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
index d8624900..d8624900 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter6_qpsBdAt.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 242910a9..242910a9 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter7_e6YYQO5.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
index 242910a9..242910a9 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter7_e6YYQO5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 8f45a209..8f45a209 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter8_ZfKCkQQ.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
index 8f45a209..8f45a209 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter8_ZfKCkQQ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 6dec3b62..6dec3b62 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter9_eHYvPeL.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
index 6dec3b62..6dec3b62 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/Chapter9_eHYvPeL.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/Chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index c0e79f73..c0e79f73 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter13_O3kovtd.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index c0e79f73..c0e79f73 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter13_O3kovtd.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index ead244bb..ead244bb 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter14_Tw2n7GH.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
index ead244bb..ead244bb 100644..100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma/chapter14_Tw2n7GH.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Electronic_Devices_by_D.K_Bhattacharya_,_Rajnish_Sharma_version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1_tdy6Tl6.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index 7770f9a6..7770f9a6 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1_tdy6Tl6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter10_kwPLX4G.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 76c25efb..76c25efb 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter10_kwPLX4G.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter11_KQJlWAT.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index 617a2a18..617a2a18 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter11_KQJlWAT.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter12_0fvtKtc.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index af17168c..af17168c 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter12_0fvtKtc.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter13_Nvp3wKs.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 558f6667..558f6667 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter13_Nvp3wKs.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter14_6bEV9Al.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index 92fbeef0..92fbeef0 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter14_6bEV9Al.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter2_CYtbJvj.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 51d55e0b..51d55e0b 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter2_CYtbJvj.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter3_Kh8IZS4.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index a9d0fcd4..a9d0fcd4 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter3_Kh8IZS4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter4_OPOooLb.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index e9783bbb..e9783bbb 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter4_OPOooLb.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter5_YkzzeVY.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index be92b558..be92b558 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter5_YkzzeVY.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter6_MR0bNFM.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index ab8cdc23..ab8cdc23 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter6_MR0bNFM.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter8_B0hDPyA.ipynb b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 8d27e900..8d27e900 100644
--- a/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter8_B0hDPyA.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_1_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
index ff3fcb22..ff3fcb22 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_1_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_10_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_10.ipynb
index 6fa2bde1..6fa2bde1 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_10_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_11_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_11.ipynb
index 25a93e73..25a93e73 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_11_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_12_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_12.ipynb
index fd200d5e..fd200d5e 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_12_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_13_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_13.ipynb
index 6f724b86..6f724b86 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_13_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_14_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_14.ipynb
index 636bc8f6..636bc8f6 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_14_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_15_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_15.ipynb
index 8ae049c0..8ae049c0 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_15_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_16_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_16.ipynb
index 177d5ab6..177d5ab6 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_16_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_17_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_17.ipynb
index f99e1c75..f99e1c75 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_17_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_17.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_2_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_2.ipynb
index 16ba879f..16ba879f 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_2_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_3_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_3.ipynb
index 8ecddb1d..8ecddb1d 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_3_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_4_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_4.ipynb
index 87824640..87824640 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_4_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_5_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_5.ipynb
index f706786e..f706786e 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_5_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_6_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_6.ipynb
index 7960d97b..7960d97b 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_6_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_7_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_7.ipynb
index 7c6e418f..7c6e418f 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_7_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_8_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_8.ipynb
index 08e71ab5..08e71ab5 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_8_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_9_som.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_9.ipynb
index 318df44c..318df44c 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar/chapter_9_som.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_B_K_Sarkar_version_backup/chapter_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.1.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.1.ipynb
index d96ee6df..d96ee6df 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10.ipynb
index c10821ba..c10821ba 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_1.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_1.ipynb
index c10821ba..c10821ba 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_2.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_2.ipynb
index c10821ba..c10821ba 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_3.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_3.ipynb
index 7cd2fd61..7cd2fd61 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_4.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_4.ipynb
index 7cd2fd61..7cd2fd61 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_5.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_5.ipynb
index 7cd2fd61..7cd2fd61 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_6.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_6.ipynb
index 7cd2fd61..7cd2fd61 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_7.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_7.ipynb
index 7cd2fd61..7cd2fd61 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_8.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_8.ipynb
index 7cd2fd61..7cd2fd61 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_9.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_9.ipynb
index 7cd2fd61..7cd2fd61 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_JwNpfPI.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_JwNpfPI.ipynb
index 7cd2fd61..7cd2fd61 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_JwNpfPI.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_JwNpfPI.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_nHKu37x.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_nHKu37x.ipynb
index 7cd2fd61..7cd2fd61 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_nHKu37x.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.10_nHKu37x.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.1_1.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.1_1.ipynb
index 89760142..89760142 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.1_2.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.1_2.ipynb
index 89760142..89760142 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.1_3.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.1_3.ipynb
index 89760142..89760142 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.1_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.1_4.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.1_4.ipynb
index 89760142..89760142 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.1_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.1_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2.ipynb
index 595d7cdf..595d7cdf 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_1.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_1.ipynb
index da0bc7fc..da0bc7fc 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_2.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_2.ipynb
index da0bc7fc..da0bc7fc 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_3.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_3.ipynb
index a37ee3c9..a37ee3c9 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_4.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_4.ipynb
index a37ee3c9..a37ee3c9 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_5.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_5.ipynb
index a37ee3c9..a37ee3c9 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_6.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_6.ipynb
index a37ee3c9..a37ee3c9 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_7.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_7.ipynb
index 8274c67e..8274c67e 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_8.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_8.ipynb
index 0a37d402..0a37d402 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_9.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_9.ipynb
index c7846d57..c7846d57 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_TVYLrac.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_TVYLrac.ipynb
index 94ef74e7..94ef74e7 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_TVYLrac.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_TVYLrac.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_ghObTLL.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_ghObTLL.ipynb
index fe878712..fe878712 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_ghObTLL.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.2_ghObTLL.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3.ipynb
index f136c4ad..f136c4ad 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_1.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_1.ipynb
index f136c4ad..f136c4ad 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_2.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_2.ipynb
index f136c4ad..f136c4ad 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_3.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_3.ipynb
index f136c4ad..f136c4ad 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_4.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_4.ipynb
index f136c4ad..f136c4ad 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_5.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_5.ipynb
index f136c4ad..f136c4ad 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_6.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_6.ipynb
index f136c4ad..f136c4ad 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_7.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_7.ipynb
index 6e4aedd8..6e4aedd8 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_8.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_8.ipynb
index 6e4aedd8..6e4aedd8 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_9.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_9.ipynb
index 47f0aab5..47f0aab5 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_QseVBHY.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_QseVBHY.ipynb
index a051919c..a051919c 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_QseVBHY.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_QseVBHY.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_YvNmYWV.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_YvNmYWV.ipynb
index 6674fdb9..6674fdb9 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_YvNmYWV.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.3_YvNmYWV.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4.ipynb
index 09aec3f9..09aec3f9 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_1.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_1.ipynb
index 09aec3f9..09aec3f9 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_2.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_2.ipynb
index 09aec3f9..09aec3f9 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_3.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_3.ipynb
index 09aec3f9..09aec3f9 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_4.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_4.ipynb
index 09aec3f9..09aec3f9 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_5.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_5.ipynb
index 09aec3f9..09aec3f9 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_6.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_6.ipynb
index 09aec3f9..09aec3f9 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_7.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_7.ipynb
index 5a167d34..5a167d34 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_8.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_8.ipynb
index 5a167d34..5a167d34 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_9.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_9.ipynb
index e2cbe575..e2cbe575 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_AyBxuIb.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_AyBxuIb.ipynb
index f85fd919..f85fd919 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_AyBxuIb.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_AyBxuIb.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_tHf77dd.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_tHf77dd.ipynb
index ac226466..ac226466 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_tHf77dd.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.4_tHf77dd.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5.ipynb
index 9684e21b..9684e21b 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_1.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_1.ipynb
index 9684e21b..9684e21b 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_2.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_2.ipynb
index 9684e21b..9684e21b 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_3.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_3.ipynb
index 8a54f301..8a54f301 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_4.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_4.ipynb
index 8a54f301..8a54f301 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_5.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_5.ipynb
index 8a54f301..8a54f301 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_6.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_6.ipynb
index 8a54f301..8a54f301 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_7.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_7.ipynb
index df0cb600..df0cb600 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_8.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_8.ipynb
index df0cb600..df0cb600 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_9.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_9.ipynb
index 35226aed..35226aed 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_q8NJmAM.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_q8NJmAM.ipynb
index bb7dd352..bb7dd352 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_q8NJmAM.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_q8NJmAM.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_xPbMkRY.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_xPbMkRY.ipynb
index 2b2ae1a3..2b2ae1a3 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_xPbMkRY.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.5_xPbMkRY.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6.ipynb
index 4657aa0b..4657aa0b 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_1.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_1.ipynb
index 4657aa0b..4657aa0b 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_2.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_2.ipynb
index 4657aa0b..4657aa0b 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_3.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_3.ipynb
index e3bdfbe1..e3bdfbe1 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_4.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_4.ipynb
index e3bdfbe1..e3bdfbe1 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_5.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_5.ipynb
index e3bdfbe1..e3bdfbe1 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_6.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_6.ipynb
index e3bdfbe1..e3bdfbe1 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_7.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_7.ipynb
index e3bdfbe1..e3bdfbe1 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_8.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_8.ipynb
index e3bdfbe1..e3bdfbe1 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_9.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_9.ipynb
index e3bdfbe1..e3bdfbe1 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_OKBvhyK.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_OKBvhyK.ipynb
index e3bdfbe1..e3bdfbe1 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_OKBvhyK.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_OKBvhyK.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_Qd4o2aE.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_Qd4o2aE.ipynb
index e3bdfbe1..e3bdfbe1 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_Qd4o2aE.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.6_Qd4o2aE.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7.ipynb
index d239a927..d239a927 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_1.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_1.ipynb
index d239a927..d239a927 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_2.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_2.ipynb
index d239a927..d239a927 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_3.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_3.ipynb
index b75d886a..b75d886a 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_4.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_4.ipynb
index b75d886a..b75d886a 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_5.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_5.ipynb
index b75d886a..b75d886a 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_6.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_6.ipynb
index b75d886a..b75d886a 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_7.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_7.ipynb
index b75d886a..b75d886a 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_8.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_8.ipynb
index b75d886a..b75d886a 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_9.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_9.ipynb
index b75d886a..b75d886a 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_BPjkmyB.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_BPjkmyB.ipynb
index b75d886a..b75d886a 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_BPjkmyB.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_BPjkmyB.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_fkGg3JF.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_fkGg3JF.ipynb
index b75d886a..b75d886a 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_fkGg3JF.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.7_fkGg3JF.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8.ipynb
index 82f2e0a2..82f2e0a2 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_1.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_1.ipynb
index c7043749..c7043749 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_2.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_2.ipynb
index c7043749..c7043749 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_3.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_3.ipynb
index 08f57912..08f57912 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_4.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_4.ipynb
index 08f57912..08f57912 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_5.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_5.ipynb
index 08f57912..08f57912 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_6.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_6.ipynb
index 08f57912..08f57912 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_7.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_7.ipynb
index 08f57912..08f57912 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_8.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_8.ipynb
index 08f57912..08f57912 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_9.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_9.ipynb
index 7d96f4c3..7d96f4c3 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_PULUtSm.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_PULUtSm.ipynb
index 63db24e4..63db24e4 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_PULUtSm.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_PULUtSm.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_qDewT6c.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_qDewT6c.ipynb
index 335b99dd..335b99dd 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_qDewT6c.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.8_qDewT6c.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9.ipynb
index e6d444ca..e6d444ca 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_1.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_1.ipynb
index e6d444ca..e6d444ca 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_2.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_2.ipynb
index e6d444ca..e6d444ca 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_3.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_3.ipynb
index cecacb12..cecacb12 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_4.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_4.ipynb
index cecacb12..cecacb12 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_5.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_5.ipynb
index cecacb12..cecacb12 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_6.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_6.ipynb
index cecacb12..cecacb12 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_7.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_7.ipynb
index cecacb12..cecacb12 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_8.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_8.ipynb
index cecacb12..cecacb12 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_9.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_9.ipynb
index cecacb12..cecacb12 100755
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_YLzqYQg.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_YLzqYQg.ipynb
index cecacb12..cecacb12 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_YLzqYQg.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_YLzqYQg.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_hAFUtkV.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_hAFUtkV.ipynb
index cecacb12..cecacb12 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_hAFUtkV.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter.9_hAFUtkV.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10_Sgd9FNt.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_10.ipynb
index f70979fa..f70979fa 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10_Sgd9FNt.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_2_FxNgKwZ.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_2.ipynb
index efb0de99..efb0de99 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_2_FxNgKwZ.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_3_8tBMOSu.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_3.ipynb
index ee92f9e4..ee92f9e4 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_3_8tBMOSu.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_4_HtsOENB.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_4.ipynb
index 0e961ce4..0e961ce4 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_4_HtsOENB.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_5_MYU5e8w.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_5.ipynb
index a005b223..a005b223 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_5_MYU5e8w.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_6_Ffb7zrN.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_6.ipynb
index 6ece5381..6ece5381 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_6_Ffb7zrN.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_7_1oUMD90.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_7.ipynb
index 40900c17..40900c17 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_7_1oUMD90.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_8_BLulAvR.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_8.ipynb
index 2cf267c6..2cf267c6 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_8_BLulAvR.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_9_WpXDsIC.ipynb b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_9.ipynb
index cd67d50b..cd67d50b 100644
--- a/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_9_WpXDsIC.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti_version_backup/chapter_9.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_17_Electrical_substations_Equipment_and_Bus_bar_Layouts.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_17_Electrical_substations_Equipment_and_Bus_bar.ipynb
index 076a3e15..076a3e15 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_17_Electrical_substations_Equipment_and_Bus_bar_Layouts.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_17_Electrical_substations_Equipment_and_Bus_bar.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_17_Electrical_substations_Equipment_and_Bus_bar_Layouts_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_17_Electrical_substations_Equipment_and_Bus_bar_Layouts_1.ipynb
index 7dd70c75..7dd70c75 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_17_Electrical_substations_Equipment_and_Bus_bar_Layouts_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_17_Electrical_substations_Equipment_and_Bus_bar_Layouts_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_18-b_Nutral_Grounding.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_18-b_Nutral.ipynb
index 60da2578..60da2578 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_18-b_Nutral_Grounding.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_18-b_Nutral.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_18-b_Nutral_Grounding_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_18-b_Nutral_Grounding_1.ipynb
index 6d358d9e..6d358d9e 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_18-b_Nutral_Grounding_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_18-b_Nutral_Grounding_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_19_Introduction_to_Fault_Calculations.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_19_Introduction_to_Fault.ipynb
index 0948ab5c..0948ab5c 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_19_Introduction_to_Fault_Calculations.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_19_Introduction_to_Fault.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_19_Introduction_to_Fault_Calculations_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_19_Introduction_to_Fault_Calculations_1.ipynb
index a797d4ab..a797d4ab 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_19_Introduction_to_Fault_Calculations_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_19_Introduction_to_Fault_Calculations_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_20_Symmentrical_Faults_and_Current_Limiting_Reactors.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_20_Symmentrical_Faults_and_Current_Limiting.ipynb
index bcb67bb1..bcb67bb1 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_20_Symmentrical_Faults_and_Current_Limiting_Reactors.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_20_Symmentrical_Faults_and_Current_Limiting.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_20_Symmentrical_Faults_and_Current_Limiting_Reactors_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_20_Symmentrical_Faults_and_Current_Limiting_Reactors_1.ipynb
index bdb23594..bdb23594 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_20_Symmentrical_Faults_and_Current_Limiting_Reactors_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_20_Symmentrical_Faults_and_Current_Limiting_Reactors_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_21_Symmentrical_Components.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_21_Symmentrical.ipynb
index 351e7ed7..351e7ed7 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_21_Symmentrical_Components.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_21_Symmentrical.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_21_Symmentrical_Components_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_21_Symmentrical_Components_1.ipynb
index fafa0b0e..fafa0b0e 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_21_Symmentrical_Components_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_21_Symmentrical_Components_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_22_Unsymmentrical_Faults_on_an_Unloaded_Generator.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_22_Unsymmentrical_Faults_on_an_Unloaded.ipynb
index dd4cc516..dd4cc516 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_22_Unsymmentrical_Faults_on_an_Unloaded_Generator.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_22_Unsymmentrical_Faults_on_an_Unloaded.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_22_Unsymmentrical_Faults_on_an_Unloaded_Generator_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_22_Unsymmentrical_Faults_on_an_Unloaded_Generator_1.ipynb
index 9aa7f048..9aa7f048 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_22_Unsymmentrical_Faults_on_an_Unloaded_Generator_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_22_Unsymmentrical_Faults_on_an_Unloaded_Generator_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_23_Faults_on_Power_Systems.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_23_Faults_on_Power.ipynb
index 38c28faa..38c28faa 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_23_Faults_on_Power_Systems.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_23_Faults_on_Power.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_23_Faults_on_Power_Systems_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_23_Faults_on_Power_Systems_1.ipynb
index fa834201..fa834201 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_23_Faults_on_Power_Systems_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_23_Faults_on_Power_Systems_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_32_Protection_of_Transformers.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_32_Protection_of.ipynb
index 5f72f462..5f72f462 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_32_Protection_of_Transformers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_32_Protection_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_32_Protection_of_Transformers_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_32_Protection_of_Transformers_1.ipynb
index 12649dbf..12649dbf 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_32_Protection_of_Transformers_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_32_Protection_of_Transformers_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_33_Protection_of_Generators.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_33_Protection_of.ipynb
index 4e1844f5..4e1844f5 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_33_Protection_of_Generators.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_33_Protection_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_35_Current_Transformers_and_Their_Applications.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_35_Current_Transformers_and_Their.ipynb
index 507fdacc..507fdacc 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_35_Current_Transformers_and_Their_Applications.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_35_Current_Transformers_and_Their.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_35_Current_Transformers_and_Their_Applications_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_35_Current_Transformers_and_Their_Applications_1.ipynb
index 26fcb300..26fcb300 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_35_Current_Transformers_and_Their_Applications_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_35_Current_Transformers_and_Their_Applications_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_36_Voltage_Transformers_and_Their_Applications.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_36_Voltage_Transformers_and_Their.ipynb
index 63334c66..63334c66 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_36_Voltage_Transformers_and_Their_Applications.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_36_Voltage_Transformers_and_Their.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_36_Voltage_Transformers_and_Their_Applications_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_36_Voltage_Transformers_and_Their_Applications_1.ipynb
index 8c9d4be1..8c9d4be1 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_36_Voltage_Transformers_and_Their_Applications_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_36_Voltage_Transformers_and_Their_Applications_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_3_Fundamentals_of_Fault_Clearing_and_Switching_Phenomena.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_3_Fundamentals_of_Fault_Clearing_and_Switching.ipynb
index e6d55e61..e6d55e61 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_3_Fundamentals_of_Fault_Clearing_and_Switching_Phenomena.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_3_Fundamentals_of_Fault_Clearing_and_Switching.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_3_Fundamentals_of_Fault_Clearing_and_Switching_Phenomena_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_3_Fundamentals_of_Fault_Clearing_and_Switching_Phenomena_1.ipynb
index 3c077fb3..3c077fb3 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_3_Fundamentals_of_Fault_Clearing_and_Switching_Phenomena_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_3_Fundamentals_of_Fault_Clearing_and_Switching_Phenomena_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_44_Power_system_Stability.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_44_Power_system.ipynb
index b786d64d..b786d64d 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_44_Power_system_Stability.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_44_Power_system.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_44_Power_system_Stability_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_44_Power_system_Stability_1.ipynb
index 836c8e51..836c8e51 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_44_Power_system_Stability_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_44_Power_system_Stability_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_45_Load_Frquency_Control,Load_sheeding_and_Static_relay.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_45_Load_Frquency_Control,Load_sheeding_and_Static.ipynb
index 031e8829..031e8829 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_45_Load_Frquency_Control,Load_sheeding_and_Static_relay.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_45_Load_Frquency_Control,Load_sheeding_and_Static.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_45_Load_Frquency_Control,Load_sheeding_and_Static_relay_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_45_Load_Frquency_Control,Load_sheeding_and_Static_relay_1.ipynb
index b5bf08a8..b5bf08a8 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_45_Load_Frquency_Control,Load_sheeding_and_Static_relay_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_45_Load_Frquency_Control,Load_sheeding_and_Static_relay_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_46_Digital_computer_Aided_Protection_and_Automation.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_46_Digital_computer_Aided_Protection_and.ipynb
index 38554ee6..38554ee6 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_46_Digital_computer_Aided_Protection_and_Automation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_46_Digital_computer_Aided_Protection_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_46_Digital_computer_Aided_Protection_and_Automation_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_46_Digital_computer_Aided_Protection_and_Automation_1.ipynb
index 5edbc818..5edbc818 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_46_Digital_computer_Aided_Protection_and_Automation_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_46_Digital_computer_Aided_Protection_and_Automation_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_57_Power_Flow_Calculations.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_57_Power_Flow.ipynb
index 4a4bfa1a..4a4bfa1a 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_57_Power_Flow_Calculations.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_57_Power_Flow.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_57_Power_Flow_Calculations_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_57_Power_Flow_Calculations_1.ipynb
index 567b5d06..567b5d06 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_57_Power_Flow_Calculations_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_57_Power_Flow_Calculations_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_58_Applications_of_Switchgear.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_58_Applications_of.ipynb
index 80701a42..80701a42 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_58_Applications_of_Switchgear.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_58_Applications_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_58_Applications_of_Switchgear_1.ipynb b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_58_Applications_of_Switchgear_1.ipynb
index d1f2d4d1..d1f2d4d1 100755
--- a/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao/Chapter_58_Applications_of_Switchgear_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Switchgear_Protection_And_Power_Systems_by_S._S._Rao_version_backup/Chapter_58_Applications_of_Switchgear_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction_.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter1Introduction.ipynb
index 2ab3d5d9..2ab3d5d9 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction_.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter1Introduction.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids_.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter2HeatConductioninSolids.ipynb
index 7143a80a..7143a80a 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids_.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter2HeatConductioninSolids.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__1.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__1.ipynb
index 2ab3d5d9..2ab3d5d9 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__1.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__2.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__2.ipynb
index 2ab3d5d9..2ab3d5d9 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__2.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__3.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__3.ipynb
index 2ab3d5d9..2ab3d5d9 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__3.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__4.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__4.ipynb
index 2ab3d5d9..2ab3d5d9 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__4.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__5.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__5.ipynb
index 2ab3d5d9..2ab3d5d9 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__5.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__6.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__6.ipynb
index 2ab3d5d9..2ab3d5d9 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__6.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__7.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__7.ipynb
index 2ab3d5d9..2ab3d5d9 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_1_Introduction__7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_1_Introduction__7.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in.ipynb
index 8e524b2c..8e524b2c 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__1.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__1.ipynb
index 7143a80a..7143a80a 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__1.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__2.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__2.ipynb
index 7143a80a..7143a80a 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__2.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__3.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__3.ipynb
index 7143a80a..7143a80a 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__3.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__4.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__4.ipynb
index 7143a80a..7143a80a 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__4.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__5.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__5.ipynb
index 7143a80a..7143a80a 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__5.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__6.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__6.ipynb
index 7143a80a..7143a80a 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_2_Heat_Conduction_in_Solids__6.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal.ipynb
index b531d4b6..b531d4b6 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_1.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_1.ipynb
index b531d4b6..b531d4b6 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_2.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_2.ipynb
index b531d4b6..b531d4b6 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_3.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_3.ipynb
index b531d4b6..b531d4b6 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_4.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_4.ipynb
index b531d4b6..b531d4b6 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_5.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_5.ipynb
index b531d4b6..b531d4b6 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_6.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_6.ipynb
index b531d4b6..b531d4b6 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_7.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_7.ipynb
index b531d4b6..b531d4b6 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_3_Thermal_Radiation_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid.ipynb
index ed17906e..ed17906e 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_1.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_1.ipynb
index ed17906e..ed17906e 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_2.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_2.ipynb
index ed17906e..ed17906e 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_3.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_3.ipynb
index ed17906e..ed17906e 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_4.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_4.ipynb
index ed17906e..ed17906e 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_5.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_5.ipynb
index ed17906e..ed17906e 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_6.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_6.ipynb
index ed17906e..ed17906e 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_7.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_7.ipynb
index ed17906e..ed17906e 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_4_Principles_of_Fluid_Flow_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced.ipynb
index d16fb965..d16fb965 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_1.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_1.ipynb
index d16fb965..d16fb965 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_2.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_2.ipynb
index d16fb965..d16fb965 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_3.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_3.ipynb
index d16fb965..d16fb965 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_4.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_4.ipynb
index d16fb965..d16fb965 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_5.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_5.ipynb
index d16fb965..d16fb965 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_6.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_6.ipynb
index d16fb965..d16fb965 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_7.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_7.ipynb
index d16fb965..d16fb965 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_5_Heat_Transfer_by_Forced_Convection_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural.ipynb
index 8e90d8f1..8e90d8f1 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_1.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_1.ipynb
index 8e90d8f1..8e90d8f1 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_2.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_2.ipynb
index 8e90d8f1..8e90d8f1 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_3.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_3.ipynb
index 8e90d8f1..8e90d8f1 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_4.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_4.ipynb
index 8e90d8f1..8e90d8f1 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_5.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_5.ipynb
index 8e90d8f1..8e90d8f1 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_6.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_6.ipynb
index 8e90d8f1..8e90d8f1 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_7.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_7.ipynb
index 8e90d8f1..8e90d8f1 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_6_Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_convection_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat.ipynb
index 792546a8..792546a8 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_1.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_1.ipynb
index 792546a8..792546a8 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_2.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_2.ipynb
index 792546a8..792546a8 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_3.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_3.ipynb
index 792546a8..792546a8 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_4.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_4.ipynb
index 792546a8..792546a8 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_5.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_5.ipynb
index 792546a8..792546a8 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_6.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_6.ipynb
index 792546a8..792546a8 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_7.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_7.ipynb
index 792546a8..792546a8 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_7_Heat_Exchangers_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and.ipynb
index d8b484bd..d8b484bd 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_1.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_1.ipynb
index d8b484bd..d8b484bd 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_2.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_2.ipynb
index d8b484bd..d8b484bd 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_3.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_3.ipynb
index d8b484bd..d8b484bd 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_4.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_4.ipynb
index d8b484bd..d8b484bd 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_5.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_5.ipynb
index d8b484bd..d8b484bd 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_6.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_6.ipynb
index d8b484bd..d8b484bd 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_7.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_7.ipynb
index d8b484bd..d8b484bd 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_8_Condensation_and_boiling_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass.ipynb
index a65d7225..a65d7225 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_1.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_1.ipynb
index a65d7225..a65d7225 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_2.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_2.ipynb
index a65d7225..a65d7225 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_3.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_3.ipynb
index a65d7225..a65d7225 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_4.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_4.ipynb
index a65d7225..a65d7225 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_4.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_5.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_5.ipynb
index a65d7225..a65d7225 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_6.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_6.ipynb
index a65d7225..a65d7225 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_6.ipynb
diff --git a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_7.ipynb b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_7.ipynb
index a65d7225..a65d7225 100755
--- a/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Textbook_Of_Heat_Transfer_by_S._P._Sukhatme_version_backup/Chapter_9_Mass_Transfer_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter1.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
index c6ef18b9..c6ef18b9 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 5ae48acb..5ae48acb 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index ec8d5927..ec8d5927 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index 6706c05c..6706c05c 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index 0ed80f3b..0ed80f3b 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter3.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
index 74818ab4..74818ab4 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter4.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index de08c088..de08c088 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter5.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index f33e7643..f33e7643 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter6.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
index 895e2c68..895e2c68 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter7.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
index 064e91a6..064e91a6 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter8.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
index 9bd9a862..9bd9a862 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter9.ipynb b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 0fbeb89f..0fbeb89f 100755
--- a/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Theory_Of_Machines_by__B._K._Sarkar_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter01.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter01.ipynb
index 1b47a56a..1b47a56a 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter01.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter01.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter01_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter01_1.ipynb
index 1b47a56a..1b47a56a 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter01_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter01_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter01_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter01_2.ipynb
index 1b47a56a..1b47a56a 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter01_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter01_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter02.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
index 432f8e79..432f8e79 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter02.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter02.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter02_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter02_1.ipynb
index 432f8e79..432f8e79 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter02_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter02_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter02_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter02_2.ipynb
index 33af2f86..33af2f86 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter02_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter02_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter03.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
index 55805cb9..55805cb9 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter03.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter03.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter03_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter03_1.ipynb
index 55805cb9..55805cb9 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter03_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter03_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter03_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter03_2.ipynb
index 0b7fcd00..0b7fcd00 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter03_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter03_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter04.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter04.ipynb
index c9094478..c9094478 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter04.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter04.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter04_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter04_1.ipynb
index c9094478..c9094478 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter04_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter04_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter04_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter04_2.ipynb
index 8490aa32..8490aa32 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter04_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter04_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter05.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
index ce8818c7..ce8818c7 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter05.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter05.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter05_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter05_1.ipynb
index ce8818c7..ce8818c7 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter05_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter05_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter05_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter05_2.ipynb
index 21cc530e..21cc530e 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter05_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter05_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter06.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter06.ipynb
index c6258811..c6258811 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter06.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter06.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter06_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter06_1.ipynb
index c6258811..c6258811 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter06_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter06_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter06_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter06_2.ipynb
index f5b2d065..f5b2d065 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter06_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter06_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter07.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
index d8ce946b..d8ce946b 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter07.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter07.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter07_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter07_1.ipynb
index d8ce946b..d8ce946b 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter07_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter07_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter07_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter07_2.ipynb
index d8ce946b..d8ce946b 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter07_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter07_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter08.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
index 3725247b..3725247b 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter08.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter08.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter08_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter08_1.ipynb
index 3725247b..3725247b 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter08_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter08_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter08_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter08_2.ipynb
index 920a2998..920a2998 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter08_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter08_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter09.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
index 3141af69..3141af69 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter09.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter09.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter09_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter09_1.ipynb
index fab68570..fab68570 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter09_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter09_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter09_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter09_2.ipynb
index 263d750b..263d750b 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter09_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter09_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index de8342a7..de8342a7 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index 746159a0..746159a0 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
index 746159a0..746159a0 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index b8b395f7..b8b395f7 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
index 6248a97e..6248a97e 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
index 723caafc..723caafc 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter12.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
index c12bf202..c12bf202 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
index 9fb89e58..9fb89e58 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
index 3706fbca..3706fbca 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index da21e674..da21e674 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
index 8aaf79b0..8aaf79b0 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter13_2.ipynb
index 8aaf79b0..8aaf79b0 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter14.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
index daf732e9..daf732e9 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
index 74ee404f..74ee404f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter14_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter14_2.ipynb
index 74ee404f..74ee404f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter15.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
index e19500e1..e19500e1 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
index 103b8a14..103b8a14 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter15_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter15_2.ipynb
index 103b8a14..103b8a14 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter16.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
index 3aac10d8..3aac10d8 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter16_1.ipynb
index ca56b415..ca56b415 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter16_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter16_2.ipynb
index ca56b415..ca56b415 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter17.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
index 1a941897..1a941897 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter17_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter17_1.ipynb
index 67736314..67736314 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter17_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter17_2.ipynb
index 7cd1557e..7cd1557e 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter17_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter17_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter18.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
index f1741f74..f1741f74 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter18_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter18_1.ipynb
index d26f90a9..d26f90a9 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter18_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter18_2.ipynb
index 703987ca..703987ca 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter18_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter18_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter19.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
index 8e67d995..8e67d995 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter19_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter19_1.ipynb
index fa06dbe1..fa06dbe1 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter19_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter19_2.ipynb
index 78526d43..78526d43 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics/Chapter19_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics,_&_Kinetics_version_backup/Chapter19_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
index ce79dd48..ce79dd48 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index f8773533..f8773533 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch10_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch10_1.ipynb
index ff3ad88b..ff3ad88b 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 29d313df..29d313df 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch11_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch11_1.ipynb
index d0a50659..d0a50659 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch1_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch1_1.ipynb
index ce79dd48..ce79dd48 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index c4ad19b7..c4ad19b7 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch2_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
index c4ad19b7..c4ad19b7 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 1a72803f..1a72803f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch3_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
index 1a72803f..1a72803f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index d0e5bbf4..d0e5bbf4 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch4_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
index d0e5bbf4..d0e5bbf4 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index ef34cc8f..ef34cc8f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch5_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
index ef34cc8f..ef34cc8f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 6f0c0e56..6f0c0e56 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch6_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
index ea95c467..ea95c467 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 5b56ae9e..5b56ae9e 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch7_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
index 5b56ae9e..5b56ae9e 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 5c6dac8c..5c6dac8c 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch8_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
index 5c6dac8c..5c6dac8c 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index 36c812f3..36c812f3 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch9_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch9_1.ipynb
index 6d86fb8c..6d86fb8c 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein/ch9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_and_Heat_Power_by_I._Granet_and_M._Bluestein_version_backup/ch9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
index ab6704bd..ab6704bd 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index b175206d..b175206d 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 657d8d20..657d8d20 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch12.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index de315e52..de315e52 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch13.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
index f2b649d3..f2b649d3 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch14.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
index b28135ae..b28135ae 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index bfbcf6e6..bfbcf6e6 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 98e0dd2e..98e0dd2e 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 2420bc0c..2420bc0c 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index 8df6c255..8df6c255 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 489db493..489db493 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 906a386e..906a386e 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 34ac501d..34ac501d 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index 838e6d3d..838e6d3d 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_10.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
index 6a9f7f74..6a9f7f74 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_10.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_10_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_10_1.ipynb
index 6a9f7f74..6a9f7f74 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_10_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_10_2.ipynb
index 6a9f7f74..6a9f7f74 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_10_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_10_3.ipynb
index 6a9f7f74..6a9f7f74 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_10_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_10_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_11.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index 3a5ea2bf..3a5ea2bf 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_11_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
index 3a5ea2bf..3a5ea2bf 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_11_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_11_2.ipynb
index 3a5ea2bf..3a5ea2bf 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_11_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_11_3.ipynb
index 6b765040..6b765040 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_11_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_11_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_12.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
index adf56744..adf56744 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_12.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_12_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_12_1.ipynb
index adf56744..adf56744 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_12_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_12_2.ipynb
index adf56744..adf56744 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_12_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_12_3.ipynb
index adf56744..adf56744 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_12_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_12_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_13.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
index 388f458f..388f458f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_13.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_13_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_13_1.ipynb
index 388f458f..388f458f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_13_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_13_2.ipynb
index 388f458f..388f458f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_13_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_13_3.ipynb
index 388f458f..388f458f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_13_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_13_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_14.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
index 2bdb47a9..2bdb47a9 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_14.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_14_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_14_1.ipynb
index 2bdb47a9..2bdb47a9 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_14_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_14_2.ipynb
index 2bdb47a9..2bdb47a9 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_14_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_14_3.ipynb
index 2bdb47a9..2bdb47a9 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_14_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_14_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_15.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
index 25cf3bae..25cf3bae 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_15.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_15_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_15_1.ipynb
index 25cf3bae..25cf3bae 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_15_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_15_2.ipynb
index 25cf3bae..25cf3bae 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_15_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_15_3.ipynb
index 25cf3bae..25cf3bae 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_15_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_15_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_16.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
index efa01670..efa01670 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_16.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_16_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_16_1.ipynb
index efa01670..efa01670 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_16_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_16_2.ipynb
index efa01670..efa01670 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_16_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_16_3.ipynb
index efa01670..efa01670 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_16_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_16_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_17.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_17.ipynb
index 98fc5f10..98fc5f10 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_17.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_17_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_17_1.ipynb
index 98fc5f10..98fc5f10 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_17_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_17_2.ipynb
index 98fc5f10..98fc5f10 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_17_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_17_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_17_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_17_3.ipynb
index 98fc5f10..98fc5f10 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_17_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_17_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_18.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
index 0ec1053a..0ec1053a 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_18.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_18_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_18_1.ipynb
index 0ec1053a..0ec1053a 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_18_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_18_2.ipynb
index 0ec1053a..0ec1053a 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_18_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_18_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_18_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_18_3.ipynb
index 0ec1053a..0ec1053a 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_18_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_18_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_19.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_19.ipynb
index c26dff35..c26dff35 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_19.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_19_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_19_1.ipynb
index c26dff35..c26dff35 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_19_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_19_2.ipynb
index c26dff35..c26dff35 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_19_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_19_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_19_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_19_3.ipynb
index c26dff35..c26dff35 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_19_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_19_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_20.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_20.ipynb
index a4aa5154..a4aa5154 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_20.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_20_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_20_1.ipynb
index a4aa5154..a4aa5154 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_20_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_20_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_20_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_20_2.ipynb
index a4aa5154..a4aa5154 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_20_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_20_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_20_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_20_3.ipynb
index a4aa5154..a4aa5154 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_20_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_20_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_21.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_21.ipynb
index 567cdacb..567cdacb 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_21.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_21_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_21_1.ipynb
index 567cdacb..567cdacb 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_21_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_21_2.ipynb
index 567cdacb..567cdacb 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_21_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_21_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_21_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_21_3.ipynb
index 567cdacb..567cdacb 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_21_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_21_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_22.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_22.ipynb
index d43c8cae..d43c8cae 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_22.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_22_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_22_1.ipynb
index d43c8cae..d43c8cae 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_22_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_22_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_22_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_22_2.ipynb
index d43c8cae..d43c8cae 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_22_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_22_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_22_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_22_3.ipynb
index d43c8cae..d43c8cae 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_22_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_22_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_23.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_23.ipynb
index 48adb58b..48adb58b 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_23.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_23_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_23_1.ipynb
index 48adb58b..48adb58b 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_23_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_23_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_23_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_23_2.ipynb
index 48adb58b..48adb58b 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_23_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_23_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_23_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_23_3.ipynb
index 48adb58b..48adb58b 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_23_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_23_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_5.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
index 60d3de94..60d3de94 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_5.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_5_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_5_1.ipynb
index 60d3de94..60d3de94 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_5_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_5_2.ipynb
index 60d3de94..60d3de94 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_5_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_5_3.ipynb
index 60d3de94..60d3de94 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_5_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_5_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_7.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
index a780ec36..a780ec36 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_7.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_7_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_7_1.ipynb
index a780ec36..a780ec36 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_7_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_7_2.ipynb
index a780ec36..a780ec36 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_7_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_7_3.ipynb
index a780ec36..a780ec36 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_7_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_7_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_8.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
index 8dd5540f..8dd5540f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_8_1.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_8_1.ipynb
index 8dd5540f..8dd5540f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_8_2.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_8_2.ipynb
index 8dd5540f..8dd5540f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_8_3.ipynb b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_8_3.ipynb
index 8dd5540f..8dd5540f 100755
--- a/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers/Chapter_8_3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thermodynamics_for_Engineers_version_backup/Chapter_8_3.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter11_Control_of_DC_Motors.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter11_Control_of_DC.ipynb
index e8d8bf79..e8d8bf79 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter11_Control_of_DC_Motors.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter11_Control_of_DC.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter11_Control_of_DC_Motors_1.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter11_Control_of_DC_Motors_1.ipynb
index e8d8bf79..e8d8bf79 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter11_Control_of_DC_Motors_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter11_Control_of_DC_Motors_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter12_Controllers_and_Their_Optimisation.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter12_Controllers_and_Their.ipynb
index 290111f3..290111f3 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter12_Controllers_and_Their_Optimisation.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter12_Controllers_and_Their.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter12_Controllers_and_Their_Optimisation_1.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter12_Controllers_and_Their_Optimisation_1.ipynb
index 290111f3..290111f3 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter12_Controllers_and_Their_Optimisation_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter12_Controllers_and_Their_Optimisation_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter13_Choppers_and_Transportation_system_Application.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter13_Choppers_and_Transportation_system.ipynb
index 798713f1..798713f1 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter13_Choppers_and_Transportation_system_Application.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter13_Choppers_and_Transportation_system.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter13_Choppers_and_Transportation_system_Application_1.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter13_Choppers_and_Transportation_system_Application_1.ipynb
index 798713f1..798713f1 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter13_Choppers_and_Transportation_system_Application_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter13_Choppers_and_Transportation_system_Application_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter15_The_AC_motor_control.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter15_The_AC_motor.ipynb
index 7eaa0c91..7eaa0c91 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter15_The_AC_motor_control.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter15_The_AC_motor.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter15_The_AC_motor_control_1.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter15_The_AC_motor_control_1.ipynb
index 7eaa0c91..7eaa0c91 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter15_The_AC_motor_control_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter15_The_AC_motor_control_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter16_Faults_and_Protection.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter16_Faults_and.ipynb
index 07232131..07232131 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter16_Faults_and_Protection.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter16_Faults_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter16_Faults_and_Protection_1.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter16_Faults_and_Protection_1.ipynb
index 07232131..07232131 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter16_Faults_and_Protection_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter16_Faults_and_Protection_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter_2_The_Device_.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter2TheDevice.ipynb
index 4d4e44fe..4d4e44fe 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter_2_The_Device_.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter2TheDevice.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter3_Fabrication_and_Thermal_characteristics.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter3_Fabrication_and_Thermal.ipynb
index c3ba0c41..c3ba0c41 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter3_Fabrication_and_Thermal_characteristics.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter3_Fabrication_and_Thermal.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter3_Fabrication_and_Thermal_characteristics_1.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter3_Fabrication_and_Thermal_characteristics_1.ipynb
index c3ba0c41..c3ba0c41 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter3_Fabrication_and_Thermal_characteristics_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter3_Fabrication_and_Thermal_characteristics_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter4_Series_and_Parallel_Connection_of_Thyristors.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter4_Series_and_Parallel_Connection_of.ipynb
index 075b01fe..075b01fe 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter4_Series_and_Parallel_Connection_of_Thyristors.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter4_Series_and_Parallel_Connection_of.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter4_Series_and_Parallel_Connection_of_Thyristors_1.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter4_Series_and_Parallel_Connection_of_Thyristors_1.ipynb
index 075b01fe..075b01fe 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter4_Series_and_Parallel_Connection_of_Thyristors_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter4_Series_and_Parallel_Connection_of_Thyristors_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter5_Line_Commutated_converters.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter5_Line_Commutated.ipynb
index 00a99c8b..00a99c8b 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter5_Line_Commutated_converters.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter5_Line_Commutated.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter5_Line_Commutated_converters_1.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter5_Line_Commutated_converters_1.ipynb
index 00a99c8b..00a99c8b 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter5_Line_Commutated_converters_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter5_Line_Commutated_converters_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter7_Inverter_Circuits.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter7_Inverter.ipynb
index 8ed5fba6..8ed5fba6 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter7_Inverter_Circuits.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter7_Inverter.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter7_Inverter_Circuits_1.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter7_Inverter_Circuits_1.ipynb
index 8ed5fba6..8ed5fba6 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter7_Inverter_Circuits_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter7_Inverter_Circuits_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter8_Harmonic_and_PowerFactor_with_the_converter_system.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter8_Harmonic_and_PowerFactor_with_the_converter.ipynb
index de9d3e6c..de9d3e6c 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter8_Harmonic_and_PowerFactor_with_the_converter_system.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter8_Harmonic_and_PowerFactor_with_the_converter.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter8_Harmonic_and_PowerFactor_with_the_converter_system_1.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter8_Harmonic_and_PowerFactor_with_the_converter_system_1.ipynb
index de9d3e6c..de9d3e6c 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter8_Harmonic_and_PowerFactor_with_the_converter_system_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter8_Harmonic_and_PowerFactor_with_the_converter_system_1.ipynb
diff --git a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter_2_The_Device__1.ipynb b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter_2_The_Device__1.ipynb
index 4d4e44fe..4d4e44fe 100755
--- a/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi/Chapter_2_The_Device__1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Thyristors_Theory_And_Applications_by_R._K._Sugandhi_And_K._K._Sugandhi_version_backup/Chapter_2_The_Device__1.ipynb
diff --git a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch1.ipynb b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
index 2141c4af..2141c4af 100755
--- a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index 9d4abd1e..9d4abd1e 100755
--- a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 33976068..33976068 100755
--- a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 461a7916..461a7916 100755
--- a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 8a1a303b..8a1a303b 100755
--- a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index 1196ae95..1196ae95 100755
--- a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 4d51385d..4d51385d 100755
--- a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index 6438fd3c..6438fd3c 100755
--- a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index 61fe143f..61fe143f 100755
--- a/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Utilization_of_Electrical_Energy_and_Traction_by_J._B._Gupta,_R._Manglik_and_R._Manglik_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index db040d9d..db040d9d 100755
--- a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index 4b08c44c..4b08c44c 100755
--- a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 1ebf6ae4..1ebf6ae4 100755
--- a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 2486b5b0..2486b5b0 100755
--- a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index 7f5033e8..7f5033e8 100755
--- a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 78f780a0..78f780a0 100755
--- a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch7.ipynb b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
index 0d354a4e..0d354a4e 100755
--- a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch7.ipynb
diff --git a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index aae7cfaa..aae7cfaa 100755
--- a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index 78d5af3d..78d5af3d 100755
--- a/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Vector_Mechanics_for_Engineers:_Stastics_And_Dynamics_by_F._P._Beer,_E._R._Johnston,_D._F._Mazurek,_P._J._Cornwell_And_E._R._Eisenberg_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch10.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
index b47575f1..b47575f1 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch10.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch11.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
index 9cc0698a..9cc0698a 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch11.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch12.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
index 8234bb5b..8234bb5b 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch12.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch13.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
index fec26202..fec26202 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch13.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch14.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
index 58285a29..58285a29 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch14.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch17.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch17.ipynb
index 708d447e..708d447e 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch17.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch19.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch19.ipynb
index fee9ff09..fee9ff09 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch19.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch2.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index b82f7950..b82f7950 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch21.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch21.ipynb
index 8bbb0588..8bbb0588 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch21.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch3.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
index 40f3b8ea..40f3b8ea 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch3.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch4.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
index 6a6cd416..6a6cd416 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch4.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch5.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
index 153ee7fb..153ee7fb 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch5.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch6.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
index 7c64b872..7c64b872 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch6.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch8.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
index ccf24614..ccf24614 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch8.ipynb
diff --git a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch9.ipynb b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
index 7efd7e54..7efd7e54 100755
--- a/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg/ch9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/Wireless_Communications_and_Networking_by_V._Garg_version_backup/ch9.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter2_eh02mMg.ipynb b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
index f4889ecb..f4889ecb 100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter2_eh02mMg.ipynb
+++ b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter4_QnODdtI.ipynb b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
index 99569ba7..99569ba7 100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter4_QnODdtI.ipynb
+++ b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter5_8YQCBnu.ipynb b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
index dfdf53ef..dfdf53ef 100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter5_8YQCBnu.ipynb
+++ b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/Chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter1_UaQSIvn.ipynb b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index e394c7f6..e394c7f6 100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter1_UaQSIvn.ipynb
+++ b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter11_KNhAPle.ipynb b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 227dc22e..227dc22e 100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter11_KNhAPle.ipynb
+++ b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter3_(2).ipynb b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 22096c16..22096c16 100755
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter3_(2).ipynb
+++ b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter6_7Vcvq3x.ipynb b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 9192cf83..9192cf83 100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter6_7Vcvq3x.ipynb
+++ b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter7_Iro5ijO.ipynb b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 5cff53b6..5cff53b6 100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter7_Iro5ijO.ipynb
+++ b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter8_dRxKPQv.ipynb b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 54ea8f65..54ea8f65 100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter8_dRxKPQv.ipynb
+++ b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter9_NbF92Qt.ipynb b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 09344739..09344739 100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter9_NbF92Qt.ipynb
+++ b/backup/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap10.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap10.ipynb
index b41e5bfd..b41e5bfd 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap10.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap11.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap11.ipynb
index 39ebbba6..39ebbba6 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap11.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap12.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap12.ipynb
index b3715c64..b3715c64 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap12.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap13.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap13.ipynb
index 58b2b2dc..58b2b2dc 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap13.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap14.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap14.ipynb
index a2b4154b..a2b4154b 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap14.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap15.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap15.ipynb
index 8a106854..8a106854 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap15.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap16.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap16.ipynb
index 876e1901..876e1901 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap16.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap17.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap17.ipynb
index cf85c902..cf85c902 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap17.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap20.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap20.ipynb
index 6483ad2a..6483ad2a 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap20.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap7.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap7.ipynb
index 55d579f9..55d579f9 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/Chap7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/Chap7.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/chap1.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/chap1.ipynb
index 602a3854..602a3854 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/chap1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/chap1.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/chap2.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/chap2.ipynb
index 96e1d472..96e1d472 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/chap2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/chap2.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/chap3.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/chap3.ipynb
index f0592fc1..f0592fc1 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/chap3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/chap3.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/chap4.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/chap4.ipynb
index c74b96bf..c74b96bf 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/chap4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/chap4.ipynb
diff --git a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/chap5.ipynb b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/chap5.ipynb
index f4f36010..f4f36010 100755
--- a/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi/chap5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/electronic_instrumentation_by_H_S_Kalsi_version_backup/chap5.ipynb
diff --git a/f_by_134/1_An_overview_of_C++.ipynb b/backup/f_by_134_version_backup/1_An_overview_of.ipynb
index ecf52ddd..ecf52ddd 100755
--- a/f_by_134/1_An_overview_of_C++.ipynb
+++ b/backup/f_by_134_version_backup/1_An_overview_of.ipynb
diff --git a/f_by_df/abhishek.ipynb b/backup/f_by_df_version_backup/abhishek.ipynb
index 3f7271ea..3f7271ea 100755
--- a/f_by_df/abhishek.ipynb
+++ b/backup/f_by_df_version_backup/abhishek.ipynb
diff --git a/f_by_df/abhishek_1.ipynb b/backup/f_by_df_version_backup/abhishek_1.ipynb
index 3f7271ea..3f7271ea 100755
--- a/f_by_df/abhishek_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/f_by_df_version_backup/abhishek_1.ipynb
diff --git a/f_by_df/chapter03_16.ipynb b/backup/f_by_df_version_backup/chapter03_16.ipynb
index 46ae736b..46ae736b 100755
--- a/f_by_df/chapter03_16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/f_by_df_version_backup/chapter03_16.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter1-.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter1-.ipynb
index 9483f3d7..9483f3d7 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter1-.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter1-.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 9502b293..9502b293 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter11.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
index fd043621..fd043621 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter12-.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter12-.ipynb
index 2905ba7e..2905ba7e 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter12-.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter12-.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter13.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
index 4bd1ca7e..4bd1ca7e 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter2-.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter2-.ipynb
index 7cf5ac34..7cf5ac34 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter2-.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter2-.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter3-.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter3-.ipynb
index 41b83b2a..41b83b2a 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter3-.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter3-.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter4-.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter4-.ipynb
index be52c7b9..be52c7b9 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter4-.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter4-.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter5-.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter5-.ipynb
index bc9d154f..bc9d154f 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter5-.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter5-.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter6-.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter6-.ipynb
index 40c8d053..40c8d053 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter6-.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter6-.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter7-.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter7-.ipynb
index 2d73578f..2d73578f 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter7-.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter7-.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter8-.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter8-.ipynb
index a66b62b6..a66b62b6 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter8-.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter8-.ipynb
diff --git a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter9-.ipynb b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter9-.ipynb
index d3acb158..d3acb158 100755
--- a/mechanics_of_fluid/Chapter9-.ipynb
+++ b/backup/mechanics_of_fluid_version_backup/Chapter9-.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap1.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap1.ipynb
index 36a74a3e..36a74a3e 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap1.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap10.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap10.ipynb
index 1207ccc1..1207ccc1 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap10.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap11.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap11.ipynb
index bce9c399..bce9c399 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap11.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap12.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap12.ipynb
index 30e711a0..30e711a0 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap12.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap13.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap13.ipynb
index 13ac3401..13ac3401 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap13.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap14.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap14.ipynb
index 9106ddd9..9106ddd9 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap14.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap15.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap15.ipynb
index f90ea520..f90ea520 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap15.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap16.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap16.ipynb
index a6266584..a6266584 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap16.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap17.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap17.ipynb
index cb448cf8..cb448cf8 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap17.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap18.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap18.ipynb
index 94dff4f2..94dff4f2 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap18.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap19.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap19.ipynb
index 6e89d5a2..6e89d5a2 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap19.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap2.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap2.ipynb
index efbea0a7..efbea0a7 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap2.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap20.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap20.ipynb
index b99b0934..b99b0934 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap20.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap21.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap21.ipynb
index 54cafbe9..54cafbe9 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap21.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap22.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap22.ipynb
index 60d6e4e2..60d6e4e2 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap22.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap23.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap23.ipynb
index 3565eff3..3565eff3 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap23.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap25.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap25.ipynb
index 1f9c7095..1f9c7095 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap25.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap25.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap26.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap26.ipynb
index 26f66f05..26f66f05 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap26.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap27.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap27.ipynb
index 9edfe788..9edfe788 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap27.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap27.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap28.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap28.ipynb
index c53c8334..c53c8334 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap28.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap28.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap3.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap3.ipynb
index 7c6ed32c..7c6ed32c 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap3.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap30.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap30.ipynb
index cf038d52..cf038d52 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap30.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap30.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap31.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap31.ipynb
index 6135b7c0..6135b7c0 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap31.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap31.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap32.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap32.ipynb
index 69ecaa80..69ecaa80 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap32.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap32.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap33.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap33.ipynb
index 4183f15e..4183f15e 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap33.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap33.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap34.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap34.ipynb
index 9aea6687..9aea6687 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap34.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap34.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap35.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap35.ipynb
index 27056667..27056667 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap35.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap35.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap36.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap36.ipynb
index 4e06b38b..4e06b38b 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap36.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap36.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap37.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap37.ipynb
index 03f26ef4..03f26ef4 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap37.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap37.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap4.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap4.ipynb
index 488631fb..488631fb 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap4.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap5.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap5.ipynb
index 84950cb9..84950cb9 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap5.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap6.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap6.ipynb
index 2c3272c0..2c3272c0 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap6.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap7.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap7.ipynb
index 0476eb75..0476eb75 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap7.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap8.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap8.ipynb
index 1b06633c..1b06633c 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap8.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap9.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap9.ipynb
index ecaec460..ecaec460 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap9.ipynb
diff --git a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap_29.ipynb b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap_29.ipynb
index 581d372d..581d372d 100755
--- a/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta/chap_29.ipynb
+++ b/backup/modern_physics_by_Satish_K._Gupta_version_backup/chap_29.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter10.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index c3f165d1..c3f165d1 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter10_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
index c3f165d1..c3f165d1 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter10_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter10_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter10_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
index c3f165d1..c3f165d1 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter10_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter10_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter28.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter28.ipynb
index afb57de5..afb57de5 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter28.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter28.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter28_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter28_1.ipynb
index afb57de5..afb57de5 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter28_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter28_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter28_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter28_2.ipynb
index afb57de5..afb57de5 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter28_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter28_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter29.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter29.ipynb
index 9f1a9134..9f1a9134 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter29.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter29.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter29_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter29_1.ipynb
index 9f1a9134..9f1a9134 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter29_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter29_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter29_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter29_2.ipynb
index 9f1a9134..9f1a9134 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/Chapter29_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/Chapter29_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index f6180b5a..f6180b5a 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 11322719..11322719 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter11_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
index 11322719..11322719 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter11_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter11_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
index 11322719..11322719 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter11_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter11_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index c7cfe98a..c7cfe98a 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter12_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
index c7cfe98a..c7cfe98a 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter12_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter12_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter12_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
index c7cfe98a..c7cfe98a 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter12_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter12_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index cf5ab315..cf5ab315 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter13_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
index 8800aa9c..8800aa9c 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter13_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter13_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter13_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
index 8800aa9c..8800aa9c 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter13_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter13_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter14.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index 7bb51839..7bb51839 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter14_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
index 7bb51839..7bb51839 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter14_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter14_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter14_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
index 7bb51839..7bb51839 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter14_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter14_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter15.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index 111cd390..111cd390 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter15_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
index 111cd390..111cd390 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter15_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter15_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter15_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
index 111cd390..111cd390 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter15_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter15_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter16.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
index f74b4c1b..f74b4c1b 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter16_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
index f74b4c1b..f74b4c1b 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter16_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter16_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter16_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
index f74b4c1b..f74b4c1b 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter16_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter16_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter17.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
index 6ddbfa96..6ddbfa96 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter17_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter17_1.ipynb
index 6ddbfa96..6ddbfa96 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter17_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter17_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter17_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter17_2.ipynb
index 6ddbfa96..6ddbfa96 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter17_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter17_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter18.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter18.ipynb
index 46d58979..46d58979 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter18.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter18.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter18_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter18_1.ipynb
index 46d58979..46d58979 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter18_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter18_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter18_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter18_2.ipynb
index 46d58979..46d58979 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter18_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter18_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter19.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
index 3a7eac21..3a7eac21 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter19_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter19_1.ipynb
index 3a7eac21..3a7eac21 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter19_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter19_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter19_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter19_2.ipynb
index 3a7eac21..3a7eac21 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter19_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter19_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter1_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
index f6180b5a..f6180b5a 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter1_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter1_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter1_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
index f6180b5a..f6180b5a 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter1_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter1_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index e9ce1a12..e9ce1a12 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter20.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter20.ipynb
index e96a7bf3..e96a7bf3 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter20.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter20.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter20_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter20_1.ipynb
index e96a7bf3..e96a7bf3 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter20_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter20_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter20_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter20_2.ipynb
index e96a7bf3..e96a7bf3 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter20_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter20_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter21.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
index 5e2ded02..5e2ded02 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter21.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter21.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter21_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter21_1.ipynb
index 5e2ded02..5e2ded02 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter21_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter21_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter21_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter21_2.ipynb
index 5e2ded02..5e2ded02 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter21_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter21_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter22.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
index e91e3a27..e91e3a27 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter22.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter22.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter22_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter22_1.ipynb
index e91e3a27..e91e3a27 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter22_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter22_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter22_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter22_2.ipynb
index e91e3a27..e91e3a27 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter22_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter22_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter23.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
index 7d0fa841..7d0fa841 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter23.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter23.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter23_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter23_1.ipynb
index 7d0fa841..7d0fa841 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter23_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter23_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter23_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter23_2.ipynb
index 7d0fa841..7d0fa841 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter23_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter23_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter24.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter24.ipynb
index b7102dac..b7102dac 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter24.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter24.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter24_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter24_1.ipynb
index b7102dac..b7102dac 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter24_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter24_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter24_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter24_2.ipynb
index b7102dac..b7102dac 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter24_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter24_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter25.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter25.ipynb
index 95708b68..95708b68 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter25.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter25.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter25_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter25_1.ipynb
index 95708b68..95708b68 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter25_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter25_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter25_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter25_2.ipynb
index 95708b68..95708b68 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter25_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter25_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter26.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter26.ipynb
index 98e47e10..98e47e10 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter26.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter26.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter26_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter26_1.ipynb
index 98e47e10..98e47e10 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter26_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter26_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter26_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter26_2.ipynb
index 98e47e10..98e47e10 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter26_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter26_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter27.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter27.ipynb
index 01e54494..01e54494 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter27.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter27.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter27_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter27_1.ipynb
index 01e54494..01e54494 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter27_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter27_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter27_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter27_2.ipynb
index 01e54494..01e54494 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter27_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter27_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter2_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
index e9ce1a12..e9ce1a12 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter2_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter2_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
index e9ce1a12..e9ce1a12 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter2_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter2_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index 8aff7044..8aff7044 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter3_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
index 8aff7044..8aff7044 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter3_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter3_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
index 8aff7044..8aff7044 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter3_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter3_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 5987ff7f..5987ff7f 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter4_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
index 5987ff7f..5987ff7f 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter4_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter4_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter4_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
index 5987ff7f..5987ff7f 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter4_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter4_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 639e5486..639e5486 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter5_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
index 639e5486..639e5486 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter5_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter5_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter5_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
index 639e5486..639e5486 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter5_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter5_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index f1c6f4b7..f1c6f4b7 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter6_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
index f1c6f4b7..f1c6f4b7 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter6_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter6_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter6_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
index f1c6f4b7..f1c6f4b7 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter6_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter6_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index 74f3f441..74f3f441 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter7_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
index 74f3f441..74f3f441 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter7_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter7_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter7_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
index 74f3f441..74f3f441 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter7_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter7_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index baadbaea..baadbaea 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter8_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
index baadbaea..baadbaea 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter8_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter8_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter8_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
index baadbaea..baadbaea 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter8_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter8_2.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 7669d0e6..7669d0e6 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter9_1.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
index 7669d0e6..7669d0e6 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter9_1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter9_1.ipynb
diff --git a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter9_2.ipynb b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
index 7669d0e6..7669d0e6 100755
--- a/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA_/chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/principle_of_physics_by_V.K.MEHTA_,_ROHIT_MEHTA__version_backup/chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter1.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 48b042da..48b042da 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter10.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
index f969c01b..f969c01b 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter11.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
index 015bcc79..015bcc79 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter11.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter12.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
index ae98ce2e..ae98ce2e 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter12.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter12.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter13.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
index de1fc475..de1fc475 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter13.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter13.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter14.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
index 483c5c1b..483c5c1b 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter14.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter14.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter16.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
index a3463547..a3463547 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter16.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter16.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter17.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
index c9e3dcac..c9e3dcac 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter17.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter17.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter19.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
index 1ce8f35e..1ce8f35e 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter19.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter19.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter3.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
index ef029e65..ef029e65 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter3.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter4.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
index 522fe2b5..522fe2b5 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter5.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
index 3539866c..3539866c 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter6.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
index 8bd8c6da..8bd8c6da 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter7.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
index c4587482..c4587482 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter8.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
index 4cad3df0..4cad3df0 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter9.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
index 379e8939..379e8939 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter_2.ipynb b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter_2.ipynb
index 3847150a..3847150a 100755
--- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_L_E_Frenze/temp/chapter_2.ipynb
+++ b/backup/temp_version_backup/chapter_2.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter2.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter2.ipynb
index 4f463827..4f463827 100755..100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter2_g1CooCv.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter2_g1CooCv.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4f463827..00000000
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter2_g1CooCv.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1385 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 2:Network Analysis And Network Theorems"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.1:Page number-50"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i= 2.5 A\n",
-      "voltage across 6 ohm resistor= 6.0 V\n",
-      "voltage across 4 ohm resistor= 4.0 V\n",
-      "voltage when 4 ohm resistor is connected= 40.0 V\n",
-      "voltage when both resistors are in series= 100.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=10\n",
-    "r=4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=v/float(r)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(i,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#6ohm resistor is in series with 4 ohm resistor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=v/(6+4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v1=i*6\n",
-    "v2=i*4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"voltage across 6 ohm resistor=\",format(v1,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"voltage across 4 ohm resistor=\",format(v2,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=10 #constant in both cases\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v4=i*4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"voltage when 4 ohm resistor is connected=\",format(v4,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v6=i*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=v4+v6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"voltage when both resistors are in series=\",format(v,'.1f'),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.2:Page number-53"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rs= 0.5 ohm\n",
-      "the load voltage is expressed as 36rl/(0.5+rl)\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f9cd722d810>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=72\n",
-    "v=36\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rs=v/float(i)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rs=\",format(rs,'.1f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"the load voltage is expressed as 36rl/(0.5+rl)\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=[40,50,60,72]\n",
-    "y=[36,34,32,30]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "plt.plot(x,y)\n",
-    "plt.xlabel('il(A)')\n",
-    "plt.ylabel('vl(V)')\n",
-    "plt.show()\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.3:Page number-55"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ir= 32.0 A\n",
-      "il= 2.23 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=24\n",
-    "r=0.75\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ir=v/r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ir=\",format(ir,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "il=v/(10+r) #since 10 is in series with r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"il=\",format(il,'.2f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.4:Page number-56"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power= 120.0 W\n",
-      "power dissipated= 30.0 W\n",
-      "total power supplied by practical source is= 90.0 W\n",
-      "current source= 40.0 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vs=12\n",
-    "rs=0.3\n",
-    "il=10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=vs*il\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power=\",format(p,'.1f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "power=il**2*rs\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power dissipated=\",format(power,'.1f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "totpow=(vs-il*rs)*il\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"total power supplied by practical source is=\",format(totpow,'.1f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=vs/rs\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current source=\",format(i,'.1f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.5:Page number-58"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "r2= 15.0 ohm\n",
-      "req= 15.0 ohm\n",
-      "0.0291666666667\n",
-      "req= 15.0 ohm\n",
-      "0.230833333333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#v0/vs=r2/(r1+r2)=0.4r2=0.6r1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r1=10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r2=(0.6*r1)/float(0.4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"r2=\",format(r2,'.1f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when r2 is parallel to r3\n",
-    "r3=200000\n",
-    "req=(r2*r3)/(r2+r3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"req=\",format(req,'.1f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#v0/vs=0.5825\n",
-    "\n",
-    "change=(0.6-0.5825)/float(0.6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print change\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r3=20000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "req=(r2*r3)/(r3+r2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"req=\",format(req,'.1f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#v0/vs=0.4615\n",
-    "\n",
-    "change=(0.6-0.4615)/0.6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print change"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.6:Page number-60"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "req= 1.09 ohm\n",
-      "vs= 7.66 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=2\n",
-    "i=2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i3=3 #obtained by applying current divider rule to figure\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i4=1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "req=1/float(0.5+0.25+0.166) #1/2,1/4,1/6 values are converted to decimal form\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"req=\",format(req,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i2=(4*i4/float(6))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i1=(6*i2)/float(req)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#tracing circuit cabc via 6 ohm resistor and applying ohms law,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vs=i1*i4+i2*6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"vs=\",format(vs,'.2f'),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.7:Page number-61"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the value of series parallel resistances is 10 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#combining series parallel series\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[(2+2+2)||(6+5+2)||10]+5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#[[6*6/6+6]+7]||10]+5=[10+10/10*10]+5=5+5=10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"the value of series parallel resistances is 10 ohm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.8"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rab= 54.55 ohm\n",
-      "rab= 54.286 ohm\n",
-      "rcd= 50.91 ohm\n",
-      "rab= 50.67 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#rab=(80+40)||(60+40)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rab=(120*100)/float(120+100)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rab=\",format(rab,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#rab=(80||60)+(40||40)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rab=(4800/float(140))+(1600/80)\n",
-    "print \"rab=\",format(rab,'.3f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(60+80)||(40+40)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rcd=(140*80)/float(140+80)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rcd=\",format(rcd,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(60||40)+(80||40)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rab=float(2400/float(100))+(3200/float(120))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rab=\",format(rab,'.2f'),\"ohm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## example 2.9:Page number-65"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ceq= 0.83402836 F\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#simplifying the circuit \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ceq=1/float(0.333+0.666+0.2) #converted to decimal form\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ceq=\",format(ceq,'.8f'),\"F\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.10:Page number-67"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i= 1.200000 A\n",
-      "i1= 0.800000 A\n",
-      "i2= 0.400000 A\n",
-      "power consumed by 2 ohm resistor= 2.88 W\n",
-      "power consumed by 12 ohm resistor= 7.68 W\n",
-      "power consumed by 2 ohm resistor= 3.84 W\n",
-      "voltage drop= 2.4 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=12/(2+((12*24)/float(36))) #values taken from circuit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I1=I*(24/float(36))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I2=I*(12/float(36))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(I,'1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i1=\",format(I1,'1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i2=\",format(I2,'1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "power=(I**2)*2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power consumed by 2 ohm resistor=\",format(power,'.2f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "power=(I1**2)*12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power consumed by 12 ohm resistor=\",format(power,'.2f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "power=(I2**2)*24\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power consumed by 2 ohm resistor=\",format(power,'.2f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=I*2\n",
-    "print \"voltage drop=\",format(v,'.1f'),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.11:Page number-69"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 30,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rab=3.12ohm\n",
-      "ran=6 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#values taken and calculated from figure\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r1=6\n",
-    "r2=12\n",
-    "r3=18\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rab=3.21 #calculating similar to above using parallel in series resistances\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rab=3.12ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r4=30\n",
-    "r5=15\n",
-    "r6=30\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ran=6 #similar as above\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ran=6 ohm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.12:Page number-73"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 31,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "v1=0.0769 V\n",
-      "v2=-0.3846V\n",
-      "current in 0.5ohm resistance is 0.154A,0.25ohm resistance is 1.846,0.66ohm resistor is -1.154A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#eqns derived from figure\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#6v1-4v2=2-->1\n",
-    "#-4v1+7v2=-3-->2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#eqn 1 and 2 are written in matrix form and solved using cramers rule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v1=0.0769 V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v2=-0.3846V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current in 0.5ohm resistance is 0.154A,0.25ohm resistance is 1.846,0.66ohm resistor is -1.154A\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.13:Page number-74"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 32,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "v1=3.6V\n",
-      "v2=2.2V\n",
-      "the current in 0.6 ohm resistor is 10.8A,0.2 ohm resistor is 7A,0.16ohm resistor is 13.2 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from the figure the eqns are written in matrix form and using cramers rule the value of v1 and v2 can be found\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v1=3.6V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v2=2.2V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"the current in 0.6 ohm resistor is 10.8A,0.2 ohm resistor is 7A,0.16ohm resistor is 13.2 A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.14:Page number-76 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 33,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the voltages of nodes 1 and 3 are 50.29 and 57.71 respectively\n",
-      "current through 16 ohm resistor is 1.64A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#kcl is applied to the circuit and the eqns obtained are solved using cramer's rule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"the voltages of nodes 1 and 3 are 50.29 and 57.71 respectively\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i3=v/r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current through 16 ohm resistor is 1.64A\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.15:Page number-78"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 34,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "voltage across 3 ohm resistor is= 5.832 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the eqns obtained are converted to matrix form for solving using cramer's rule values are found\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i1=5.224\n",
-    "i2=0.7463\n",
-    "i3=3.28\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=(i1-i3)*3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"voltage across 3 ohm resistor is=\",format(v,'.3f'),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.16:page number-79"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 35,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "currents obtained are i1=2.013 and i2=1.273\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#kvl eqns are obtained from figure which are solved to obtain currents\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"currents obtained are i1=2.013 and i2=1.273\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.17:Page number-80"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 37,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "voltage at node D= 5.68 v\n",
-      "current in 4 ohm resistor is= 1.47 A\n",
-      "power supplied by 18V source is= 27.72 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the currents are obtained by solving the eqns\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i1=5.87\n",
-    "i2=-0.13\n",
-    "i3=-1.54\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=18-1.54*8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"voltage at node D=\",format(v,'.2f'),\"v\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=5.86/float(4)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current in 4 ohm resistor is=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "power=18*1.54\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power supplied by 18V source is=\",format(power,'.2f'),\"W\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.18:Page number-82"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "va=8.33V and vb=4.17V\n",
-      "current through 8 ohm resistor is= 1.04 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#node eqns are obtained form the figure\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"va=8.33V and vb=4.17V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=8.33/float(8)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current through 8 ohm resistor is=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.19:Page number-83 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 39,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i1=-1.363A and i2=-3.4A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#eqns obtained are calculated just like above problems and are aolved for i1 and i2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i1=-1.363A and i2=-3.4A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.20:Page number-84"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 40,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "current supplied by dependent source is= -6.0 A\n",
-      "power supplied by voltage source is= 41.34 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#eqns are obtained from the figure and are solved for currents\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i1=6.89\n",
-    "i2=3.89\n",
-    "i3=-2.12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=2*(i2-i1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current supplied by dependent source is=\",format(i,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "power=6*i1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power supplied by voltage source is=\",format(power,'.2f'),\"W\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.21:Page number-86"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i8= 0.667 A\n",
-      "i8'= 1.333 A\n",
-      "total current= 2.0 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the following problem is based on usage of superposition theorem\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i8=12/float(6+4+8) #current for 8 ohm resistor.the resistances are in series with each other.Hence 6+4+8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#next when voltage source is short circuited (8+4) total of resistance is obtained.The 4A is distributed in parallel branches as per current divider rule\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=(4*6)/float(6+12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i8=\",format(i8,'.3f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i8'=\",format(i,'.3f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tot=i8+i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"total current=\",format(tot,'.1f'),\"A\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Exampe 2.22:Page number-88"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "0.972972972973 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#kvl is applied to circuit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vth=12-(1*4) #12 is voltage 1 is current and 4 is resistance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rth=(4*5)/float(4+5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i6=vth/float(rth+6) #since current passes through 6 ohm resistor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print i6,\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.23:Page number-89"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "current through 2 ohm resistor is= 2.45 A\n",
-      "Note that the same problem is again solved using superposition theorem and hence ignored \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#thevenin's theorem and superposition theorem used here\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying mesh eqns to the 2 circuits and after getting the eqns they are solved using cramer's rule to obtain i1 and i2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i1=-0.6\n",
-    "i2=-1.2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the value of currents indicates that they have assumed to be flowing in directions opposite to the assumed direction\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vth=12-1.2*3 #voltage eqn\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rth=1.425 #(1+2||12)||3=(1+(2*12)/(2+12))||3=19/7||3=19/7*3/19/7+3=1.425\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i2=vth/(rth+2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current through 2 ohm resistor is=\",format(i2,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Note that the same problem is again solved using superposition theorem and hence ignored \" "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.24:Page number-91"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "current through 5 ohm resistor is= 1.327 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#using thevenin's theorem\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying kcl at node a va is obtained\n",
-    "\n",
-    "va=12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rth=1.33 #2||4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i5=vth/(rth+5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current through 5 ohm resistor is=\",format(i5,'.3f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.25:Page number-92"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rth= 4.997 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying kvl to circuit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=0.414\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vth=12-4*0.414 #using vth formula\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when terminals a and b are short circuited applying kcl to node a gives isc=5*i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "isc=2.07\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rth=vth/isc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rth=\",format(rth,'.3f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.26:Page number-93"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "iab= 1.5 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#norton's theorem\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying kvl to closed circuit \n",
-    "\n",
-    "isc=12/float(2+2) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "rn=4 #resistance obtained by short circuiting v and opening i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "iab=(4*3)/float(4+4) #current through 4 ohm connected across AB\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"iab=\",format(iab,'.1f'),\"A\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.27:Page number-103"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency= -0.91668 secinverse\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#natural frequency needs to be determined\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#req=[(6+6)||4]+[1||2]=3.6666\n",
-    "\n",
-    "req=3.6667\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l=4 #inductance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s=-req/float(l)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency=\",format(s,'.5f'),\"secinverse\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.28"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "natural frequency= -0.15873 secinverse\n",
-      "time constant= 6.3 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#req=[10+2+(5||15)]=15.75\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=0.4\n",
-    "req=15.75\n",
-    "s=-1/float(c*req)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"natural frequency=\",format(s,'.5f'),\"secinverse\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tc=req*0.4 #time constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"time constant=\",format(tc,'.1f'),\"sec\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.30:Page number-109"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "voltage= 1560.0 v\n",
-      "r=20 ohm\n",
-      "tc= 0.1667 sec\n",
-      "balance energy= 2.25 J\n",
-      "t=0.25 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=120\n",
-    "r=40\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=v/float(r)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying kvl to the closed loop\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=3*520\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"voltage=\",format(v,'.1f'),\"v\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when v=120,R can be found by I*(r+20)=120-->r=20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"r=20 ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when r=20 total r=20+20+20=60\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=60\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l=10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tc=l/float(r) #time constant\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"tc=\",format(tc,'.4f'),\"sec\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i=I0*e^-(t/tc)=3*e^(-6t)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "energy=(10*9)/float(2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "benergy=0.05*energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"balance energy=\",format(benergy,'.2f'),\"J\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(L*i^2)/2=2.25-->hence i=0.6708\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#3*e^-6t=0.6708-->e^-6t=0.2236-->applying log on both sides we get t=0.25\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"t=0.25 sec\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.34:Page number-116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R=2.72Mohm\n",
-      "t=9.16 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=120\n",
-    "\n",
-    "V=200\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#v=V(1-e^-5/2R)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#120=200*(1-e^-5/2R)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying log on both sides and solving we get R=2.72 Mohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=2.72Mohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=5 \n",
-    "tc=10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying in the above eqn and solving lograthmically we get t=9.16\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"t=9.16 sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter4.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter4.ipynb
index 1c1f8fba..1c1f8fba 100755..100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter4.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter4_y6WvPya.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter4_y6WvPya.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1c1f8fba..00000000
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter4_y6WvPya.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2063 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 4:Alternating quantities"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.1:Page number-193"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "e(t)=0 V\n",
-      "e(t)= 362.58 V\n",
-      "e(t)= 418.67 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=0.2\n",
-    "a=0.04\n",
-    "n=1000/float(60) #rev/sec\n",
-    "t=500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#since coil is at right angles ang=0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"e(t)=0 V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when coil is 30deg to the field ang=60\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=math.sin(60) \n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=0.8660254\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e=2*3.14*a*n*b*t*p\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"e(t)=\",format(e,'.2f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#when ang=90 that is coil is in the plane of the field\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=math.sin(90)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=1\n",
-    "e=2*3.14*b*a*n*p*t\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"e(t)=\",format(e,'.2f'),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.2:Page number-202"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "t= 0.0167 sec\n",
-      "f= 60.0 Hz\n",
-      "t= -0.0014 sec\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vm=155\n",
-    "omega=377\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=(2*3.14)/float(omega)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"t=\",format(t,'.4f'),\"sec\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=1/float(t)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",format(f,'.1f'),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=109.60 #rms value\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at t=0 -77.5=155*sin(ang)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#therefore, ang=-0.5236 rad\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ang=-0.5236\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=ang/omega\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"t=\",format(t,'.4f'),\"sec\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i= 10.0 A\n",
-      "f= 50.0 A\n",
-      "i= 0.15 A\n",
-      "NOTE:Answer calculated wrongly in textbook for i obtained here\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i=14.14*sin(314t)-->i=im*sin(omega*t)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "im=14.14\n",
-    "i=14.14/1.414 #1.414 is  the value of root 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(i,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#omega=314=2*3.14*f\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=314/float(2*3.14)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",format(f,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=0.002\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i=im*sin(omega*t)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=0.01096 #value of sin(omega*t)\n",
-    "i=im*p\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"A\" \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"NOTE:Answer calculated wrongly in textbook for i obtained here\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.4:Page number-203"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "I= 24.496 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=20\n",
-    "im=i/float(1.414) #that is i*root 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the heat produced by i is the sum of heat produced by dc and ac current\n",
-    "p=i**2\n",
-    "q=im**2\n",
-    "r=p+q\n",
-    "I=(r**0.5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"I=\",format(I,'.3f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i= 0.2 A\n",
-      "i= 1.4 A\n",
-      "NOTE:The answer given in text is printed wrongly\n",
-      "t= 0.00333 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "irms=10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "im=irms/float(0.707)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#omega*t=2*3.14*f*t here the value for t can be substituted and value for i can be found from i=im*sin(omega*t)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=0.0025\n",
-    "p=0.0137 #value of sin(314*0.0025)\n",
-    "i=(10*p)/float(0.707)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(i,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#maximum value is when 314*t=pi/2 (in radians)-->t=0.005\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#hence at t=0.005+0.0125=0.0175 the value of i nedds to be found\n",
-    "p=0.0957\n",
-    "i=(10*p)/float(0.707)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(i,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "print \"NOTE:The answer given in text is printed wrongly\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=7.07\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#7.07=(10*sin314t)/0.707-->t=0.00833 sec\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=0.00833-0.005 #the time at which the instaneous value is 7.07A after positive maximum value is at this time\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"t=\",format(t,'.5f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.6:Page number-204"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "v= 25.79 V\n",
-      "vavg= 20.0 v\n",
-      "1.28937969582\n",
-      "1.93891683582\n",
-      "rms value for a sin wave with the same peak value is= 35.35 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from graph \n",
-    "a=0\n",
-    "b=5**2\n",
-    "c=10**2\n",
-    "c=20**2\n",
-    "d=40**2\n",
-    "e=50**2\n",
-    "f=40**2\n",
-    "g=20**2\n",
-    "h=10**2\n",
-    "i=5**2\n",
-    "v=(0.1*(a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i))**0.5 #pi and omega values get cancelled\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v=\",format(v,'.2f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "vavg=0.1*(0+5+10+20+40+50+40+20+10+5)\n",
-    "print \"vavg=\",format(vavg,'.1f'),\"v\"\n",
-    "ff=v/float(vavg)\n",
-    "print ff\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pf=50/float(v) #50 is the maximum value\n",
-    "print pf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=0.707*50 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rms value for a sin wave with the same peak value is=\",format(v,'.2f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.8:Page number-210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "vac= 130.77 v\n",
-      "phase position with respect to vbc=60-36.59=23.41\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from phasor diagram vac=vab+vbc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "hcab=60\n",
-    "vcab=60\n",
-    "hcbc=45\n",
-    "vcbc=77.94 #vbc=60*sin(60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(vcab+hcbc)**2\n",
-    "q=vcbc**2\n",
-    "vac=((p+q)**0.5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"vac=\",format(vac,'.2f'),\"v\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the angle is given by ang=taninverse(vcbc/(vcab+hcbc))=36.59\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phase position with respect to vbc=60-36.59=23.41\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.9:Page number-210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E1**2+2*E1*E2*cos(alpha)+E2**2=5836.96\n",
-      "E1**2+2*E1*E2*cos(alpha)+E2**2=712.89\n",
-      "E1=46.12V,E2=33.88V\n",
-      "alpha=34.93\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "Example 4.9:Page number-210"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.10:Page number-215"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "a+b=22.72+j2.12\n",
-      "a/b=-0.13+j0.74\n",
-      "Thus (a+b)/(a-b) gives -0.24-j0.81\n",
-      "(a+b*b/(a-b)*a)=-1.01+j0.5\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#a=6.34+j*13.59\n",
-    "#b=20angle(35)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a-->(a+b)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#in polar form a=15 at angle 65\n",
-    "#in rectangular form b=16.38-j*11.47\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#a+b=6.34+j13.59+16.38-j11.47=22.72+j2.12\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"a+b=22.72+j2.12\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#a/b=15angle(65)/20angle(-35)=0.75angle(100)=-0.13+j0.74\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"a/b=-0.13+j0.74\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#a-b=-10.04+j25.06\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Thus (a+b)/(a-b) gives -0.24-j0.81\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(a+b)*b/(a-b)*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"(a+b*b/(a-b)*a)=-1.01+j0.5\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "I=7.5+j4.75. Its value in polar form is obtained as 8.8776 at angle 32.34\n",
-      "instantaneous value of resultant i is 12.5548*sin(314t+32.34)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i1=20*sin(314t+60),i2=-10*sin(314t),i3=15*sin(314t-45)-->angles are in degrees\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I1=(7.7072+j12.25),I2=(-7.072),I3=7.5-j7.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#adding phasor currents I1,I2 and I3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#I=7.702+j12.25-7.702+7.5-j7.5=7.5+j4.75\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"I=7.5+j4.75. Its value in polar form is obtained as 8.8776 at angle 32.34\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i=2**0.5*8.8776*sin(314t+32.34)-->instantaneous value of resultant i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"instantaneous value of resultant i is 12.5548*sin(314t+32.34)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.12:Page number-226"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i= 12.35 A\n",
-      "phase angle of current=57.52 lag\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "L=50*10**-3\n",
-    "r=10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "xl=2*3.14*f*L\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z=complex(r,xl)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the value of z in polar form is 18.62 ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z=18.62\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=v/float(z)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#phy=taninverse(xl/r)=57.52 lag\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phase angle of current=57.52 lag\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.13"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "v= 279.21 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vr=150\n",
-    "r=50\n",
-    "l=250*10**-3\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=vr/r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xl=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vl=i*xl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=(((vr**2)+(vl**2))**0.5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v=\",format(v,'.2f'),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "0.6875\n",
-      "power consumed= 500.0 w\n",
-      "power consumed in choke oil= 187.5 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=200\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "r=20\n",
-    "vr=100\n",
-    "vc=144\n",
-    "vl=150\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from eqn ((vr**2+vl*cos(angle))**2)+((vl*sin(angle))**2)=v**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#on substituting values in the above eqn the value of angle can be found by isolating cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angle=75.52\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cos=0.25\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pf=(vr+vl*cos)/float(v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print pf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=vr/r\n",
-    "power=i**2*r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power consumed=\",format(power,'.1f'),\"w\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "power=vl*i*cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power consumed in choke oil=\",format(power,'.1f'),\"W\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.15:Page number-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " xc= 31.85 ohm\n",
-      "i= 6.89 A\n",
-      "0.299580587178\n",
-      "phase angle=72.6\n",
-      "v= 68.9 v\n",
-      "v= 219.4 v\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=10\n",
-    "c=10**-4\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "omega=314\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "xc=1/float(omega*c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xc=\",format(xc,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zc=33.38 #zc=10-j31.85 into polar form is 33.38\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=v/zc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pf=r/zc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print pf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#phase angle=cosinverse(0.3)=72.6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phase angle=72.6\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case e\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=r*i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v=\",format(v,'.1f'),\"v\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=xc*i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v=\",format(v,'.1f'),\"v\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.16:Page number-230"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "vc= 207.12 v\n",
-      "c= 0.00007688 F\n",
-      "maximum voltage across c= 292.92 V\n",
-      "phase angle=64.2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#voltage vr across r is in phase with the current i while voltage vc across c lage i by 90\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from phasor diagram v**2=vr**2+vc**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vr=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vc=((v**2)-(vr**2))**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"vc=\",format(vc,'.2f'),\"v\"\n",
-    "p=500 #power\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=p/vr\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=i/float(2*3.14*f*vc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"c=\",format(c,'.8f'),\"F\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=(2**0.5)*vc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"maximum voltage across c=\",format(v,'.2f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#phase angle=cosinverse(vr/v)=cosinverse(0.4348)=64.2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phase angle=64.2\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.17:Page number-234"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "xl= 47.1 ohm\n",
-      "xc= 25.48 ohm\n",
-      "complex impedance=8+j21.62 at an impedance angle of 69.7\n",
-      "current= 9.98 A\n",
-      "voltage across coil=446.8 at 10.66 degrees\n",
-      "voltage across capacitor=-254.29 at -159.7 degrees\n",
-      "phase difference between supply and current i is 69.7 lag\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=8\n",
-    "l=0.15\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "c=125*10**-6\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a inductive reactance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xl=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xl=\",format(xl,'.1f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b capacitance reactance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=1/float(2*3.14*f*c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'xc=',format(xc,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c complex impedance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#z=r+j(xl-xc)-->on substituting valuees we get z=8+j21.62\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#z=((8**2)+(21.62**2))**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"complex impedance=8+j21.62 at an impedance angle of 69.7\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#impedance angle=taninverse(xl-xr)/r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "z=23.05\n",
-    "i=v/z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case e\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#(r+jxl)*i=446.8 at 10.66 degrees\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"voltage across coil=446.8 at 10.66 degrees\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#-j*xc*i=25.48*9.98\n",
-    "print \"voltage across capacitor=-254.29 at -159.7 degrees\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case e\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'phase difference between supply and current i is 69.7 lag'\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.18:Page number-235 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "capacitive reactance= 63.7 ohm\n",
-      "f= 50.0 cycles/sec\n",
-      "power loss in iron cored choke is= 53.69 w\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=50*10**-6\n",
-    "i=2.355\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vl=120\n",
-    "vr=70\n",
-    "vac=150\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the phasor sum of vr and vl is OC;the applied voltage v is the phasor sum of vc and OC and is represented by OV\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the theta be the impedance angle of RL combination\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from right angled triangle OCD,theta can be determined as follows:\n",
-    "#(vr+vl*costheta)**2+(vl*costheta)**2=vac**2\n",
-    "#substitute the values then value of costheta can be found\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zl=vl/i #impedance of the coil\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=0.981 #value of sin(79)\n",
-    "xl=zl*p\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=0.19 #value of cos(79)\n",
-    "r=zl*q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dc=i*xl\n",
-    "bd=i*r\n",
-    "#from right angled triangle ODB in fig.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=98.3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=vac/i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"capacitive reactance=\",format(xc,'.1f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=1/float(xc*2*3.14*c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f=\",format(f,'.1f'),\"cycles/sec\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ploss=i**2*r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power loss in iron cored choke is=\",format(ploss,'.2f'),\"w\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.19:Page number-238"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i= 12.07 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=20\n",
-    "l=200*10**-3\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xl=314*l #314 is omega\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ir=v/float(r)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "il=v/float(xl)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=((ir**2)+(il**2))**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"A\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.20:Page number-240 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "current with a lead of 57.5 is obtained as= 4.13 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100\n",
-    "c=50*10**-6\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=-1/float(314*c) #314 is omega\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ir=v/r #with angle 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ic=230/float(xc) #with angle of 90 deg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=((ir**2)+(ic**2))**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current with a lead of 57.5 is obtained as=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.21:Page number-242"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "current at 56.76 lead= 4.196 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=100\n",
-    "l=0.1\n",
-    "c=150*10**-6\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xl=314*l #at 90 deg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=1/float(314*c) #at lag -90 deg\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ir=v/r #at 0 deg\n",
-    "il=v/xl\n",
-    "ic=v/xc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i=ir+ic+il-->2.3+j3.51\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=((2.3**2)+(3.51**2))**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current at 56.76 lead=\",format(i,'.3f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.22:Page number-244"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The value of zbc is 8.159-j9.553\n",
-      "zac=18.159+j5.447(in rectangular form)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z1=18.03 #z1=10+j15 converted to polar form also it is at angle 56.31\n",
-    "z2=32.02\n",
-    "z3=10.77\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#ybc=1/zbc=(1/z2+1/z3)=1/32.02+1/10.77\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#on performing the add operation we get the value of zbc as 8.159-j9.553 that is in rectangular form\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The value of zbc is 8.159-j9.553\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#thus total impedance between terminals A and C is given by zac=z1+zbc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zac=18.159+j5.447(in rectangular form)\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.23:Page number-246"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "I= 5.76 A\n",
-      "z= 39.91 ohm\n",
-      "R= 36.97 ohm\n",
-      "x= -15.03 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r1=25\n",
-    "l1=0.159\n",
-    "r2=60\n",
-    "c=125*10**-6\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xl=2*3.14*f*l1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z1=((r1**2)+(xl**2))**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i1=v/z1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#phy1=cosinverse(r1/z1)=63.43 lag\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xc=1/float(2*3.14**c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z2=((r2**2)+(xc**2))**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i2=v/z2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i2 has 23 deg lead calculated similar to i1\n",
-    "#p=cosphy1\n",
-    "#q=cosphy2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=0.44\n",
-    "q=0.92\n",
-    "I1=i1*p+i2*q\n",
-    "a=-0.89\n",
-    "b=0.39\n",
-    "I2=i1*a+i2*b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=((I1**2)+(I2**2))**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"I=\",format(I,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z=v/I\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"z=\",format(z,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=(z*I1)/I #note the value of I in text is printed wrongly so the result may vary\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"R=\",format(R,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=(z*I2)/I #same note applicable here as well\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"x=\",format(x,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.24:Page number-247"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "I1=6.78A\n",
-      "I2=13.22A\n",
-      "power loss in z1= 689.53 W\n",
-      "power loss in z2= 1398.15 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "#z1=15+j20\n",
-    "#z2=8-j10\n",
-    "I=20\n",
-    "z1=25 #in polar form at angle 53.13\n",
-    "z2=12.81 #at angle -51.34\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#v=I1z1=I2z2\n",
-    "#I2=1.95I1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from diagram I**2=(I1cosang1+I2cosang2)**2+(I2sinang2-I1sinang1)**2\n",
-    "#on substituting values in the above eqn and simplifying\n",
-    "I1=6.78\n",
-    "print \"I1=6.78A\"\n",
-    "I2=13.22\n",
-    "#substitute this in I2=1.95I1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"I2=13.22A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pow1=I1**2*15\n",
-    "pow2=I2**2*8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power loss in z1=\",format(pow1,'.2f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "print \"power loss in z2=\",format(pow2,'.2f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.25:Page number-248"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i1= 7.19 A\n",
-      "current lags by voltage 38.66\n",
-      "c= 0.00006218 F\n",
-      "ir= 5.606 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=25\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "xl=20\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#z1=r+jxl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z1=32 #in polar form\n",
-    "i1=v/float(z1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i1=\",format(i1,'.2f'),'A'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current lags by voltage 38.66\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=0.78 #cos value\n",
-    "q=-0.62 #sin value\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ir=i1*p\n",
-    "il=i1*q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from phasor diagram current c is equal to il\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ic=il=4.491\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=ic/float(v*2*3.14*50)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"c=\",format(c,'.8f'),\"F\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ir=\",format(ir,'.3f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.26:Page number-249"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(12.9596827495-2.78255122274j)\n",
-      "the phase angle is -12.11\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z1=complex(6,-10)\n",
-    "z2=complex(10,15)\n",
-    "z3=complex(18,12)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#z1+z2 is parallel to z3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zab=z1+(z2*z3)/(z2+z3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print zab\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"the phase angle is -12.11\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.27:Page number-258"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "current at -63 lag is= 13.05 A\n",
-      "phase angle between supply voltage and current is -63\n",
-      "power= 3002.3 VA\n",
-      "active power= 1351.0 W\n",
-      "reactive power= 2672.0 VAR\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=8\n",
-    "l=0.05\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xl=2*3.14*f*l\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zl=complex(r,xl)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zl=17.62\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=v/zl #since v=230 at angle 0 and zl in polar form has 63 deg i has a lag of 63\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"current at -63 lag is=\",format(i,'.2f'),'A'\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phase angle between supply voltage and current is -63\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "power=v*i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power=\",format(power,'.1f'),\"VA\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "p=0.45 #cos63\n",
-    "actpow=v*i*p\n",
-    "print \"active power=\",format(actpow,'.1f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case e\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=0.89 #sin63\n",
-    "\n",
-    "reapow=v*i*q\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print 'reactive power=',format(reapow,'.1f'),\"VAR\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.28:Page number-259"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "input= 13392.86 VA\n",
-      "active component= 40.76 A\n",
-      "reactive component= 41.34 A\n",
-      "reactive power= 9508.9 VAR\n",
-      "c= 0.00006218 F\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "pf=0.7\n",
-    "n=0.8\n",
-    "op=7500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ip=op/float(0.7*0.8)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"input=\",format(ip,'.2f'),\"VA\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "im=ip/v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=0.71 #sin\n",
-    "\n",
-    "activecompo=im*pf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"active component=\",format(activecompo,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "reacompo=p*im\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"reactive component=\",format(reacompo,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "reacpow=p*ip\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"reactive power=\",format(reacpow,'.1f'),\"VAR\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "cos=0.95\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=activecompo/cos\n",
-    "\n",
-    "isin=13.40 #i*sinang=i*(1-cos**2)**0.5ic=28.18 #since i=ic+im\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=ic/float(2*3.14*f*v)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"c=\",format(c,'.8f'),\"F\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.29:Page number-266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "c= 0.00004057\n",
-      "i= 115.0 A\n",
-      "39.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l=0.25\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "v=230\n",
-    "r=2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=1/float(((2*3.14*f)**2)*l)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"c=\",format(c,'.8f')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=v/r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(i,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vl=2*3.14*f*l*i\n",
-    "vc=i/float(c*2*3.14*f)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "q=(2*3.14*f*l)/float(r)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print q"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.30:Page number-266"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "f0= 102.0860 Hz\n",
-      "f1= 101.2898 Hz\n",
-      "f2= 102.8822 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l=10\n",
-    "r=100\n",
-    "i=1\n",
-    "f=100\n",
-    "i1=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=1/float(4*(3.14**2)*(r**2)*l)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=i*r\n",
-    "z=v/i1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#z=100+jX\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x=((200**2)-(100**2))**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "omega=641.1 #angular frequency in rad/sec\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f0=omega/float(2*3.14)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f1=f0-(r/float(4*3.14*l))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f2=f0+(r/float(4*3.14*l))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f0=\",format(f0,'.4f'),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f1=\",format(f1,'.4f'),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"f2=\",format(f2,'.4f'),\"Hz\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.31:Page number-271 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 18,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "l= 0.00507 H\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=3*10**8\n",
-    "lamb=3000\n",
-    "c=0.0005*10**-6\n",
-    "f=v/lamb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l=1/float(4*3.14*3.14*f**2*c)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"l=\",format(l,'.5f'),\"H\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.32:Page number-272"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "c= 0.0000000005599 F\n",
-      "z= 238130.4 ohm\n",
-      "i= 0.0000063 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=1500\n",
-    "l=0.2\n",
-    "v=1.5\n",
-    "f=15000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#p=1/0.2c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=(4*3.14*3.14*f**2)+(r**2)/float(l**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=1/float(0.2*p)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"c=\",format(c,'.13f'),\"F\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z=l/float(c*r)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"z=\",format(z,'.1f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=v/float(z)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(i,'.7f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.33:Page number-274"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 28,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "v1 at -47.63 is= 18.80 V\n",
-      "v2 at -42.30 is= 21.55 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the eqns are formed using the given diagram\n",
-    "#the derivations from the eqns are obtained as below using matrices for their construction\n",
-    "#the below eqns are in polar form\n",
-    "delta=0.3165\n",
-    "delta1=5.95\n",
-    "delta2=6.82\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v1=delta1/delta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v1 at -47.63 is=\",format(v1,'.2f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v2=delta2/delta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v2 at -42.30 is=\",format(v2,'.2f'),\"V\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.34:Page number-275 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 29,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i at -84.21 is= -1.32 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#in polar form\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z1=10\n",
-    "z2=12.806\n",
-    "z3=13.416\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the mesh currents are written in matrix form\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta=329.31 #in polar form\n",
-    "\n",
-    "delta1=360\n",
-    "delta2=793.22\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i1=delta1/delta\n",
-    "i2=delta2/delta\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=i1-i2 #answer obtained in text is wrongly printed\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i at -84.21 is=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.35:Page number-276 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(1.638+4.839j)\n",
-      "(0.732-5.144j)\n",
-      "(2.37-0.305j)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#superposition theorem\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#z=4+(8+6j)*(0-j10)/8+j6+0-j10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#z=14-j5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z=14.87\n",
-    "l=40\n",
-    "#I1a=z/l=2.69 in polar form\n",
-    "I1a=complex(2.533,0.904)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I2a=complex(-0.324,-2.67)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from fig c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z=complex(2.93,-9.47)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I1b=complex(-0.895,3.935)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I2b=complex(1.056,-2.474)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I1=I1a+I1b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print I1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I2=I2a+I2b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print I2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=I1+I2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print I"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.36:Page number-278"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(3.07692307692+5.38461538462j)\n",
-      "(8.81695846645+9.55403833866j)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#thevenin's theorem\n",
-    "#all the values are derived from the figures\n",
-    "z1=complex(8,-6)\n",
-    "z2=complex(0,5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zth=(z1*z2)/(z1+z2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print zth\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vth=complex(-17.71,141.54)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zload=complex(4,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=vth/(zth+zload)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print I"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.37:Page number-279"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(8.8178913738+9.55271565495j)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#norton's theorem\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#values derived and calculated from figure\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=complex(230,0)\n",
-    "xl=complex(8,-6)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "isc=v/xl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "IN=isc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rl=complex(0,5)\n",
-    "zn=(rl*xl)/(rl+xl)\n",
-    "zload=complex(4,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=(IN*zn)/(zn+zload)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print I"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 4.38:Page number-281"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "I= 4.51 A\n",
-      "pl= 18.75 w\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#all values derived from figure\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#zth=complex(0.923,2.615)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#vth=complex(-4.615,-6.923) #derived using formula\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#zl=complex(0.923,-2.615)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#z=zl+zth\n",
-    "vth=8.32 #polar form\n",
-    "z=1.846\n",
-    "I=vth/z\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"I=\",format(I,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rl=0.923\n",
-    "pl=(I**2)*rl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"pl=\",format(pl,'.2f'),\"w\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter5.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter5.ipynb
index dfdf53ef..6e2c62ae 100755..100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter5.ipynb
+++ b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter5.ipynb
@@ -34,41 +34,26 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
     "vl=400 #line voltage\n",
-    "\n",
     "va=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
     "vb=230.94  #angle(-120)\n",
     "vc=230.94  #angle(-240)\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "#the line currents are given by\n",
-    "\n",
     "ia=12000/230.94  #with angle 0\n",
-    "\n",
     "ib=10000/230.94  #with angle 120\n",
-    "\n",
     "ic=8000/230.94   #with angle 240\n",
-    "\n",
     "print\"ia=\",round(ia,3),\"A\"\n",
     "print \"ib=\",round(ib,5),\"A\"\n",
     "print \"ic=\",round(ic,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "#IN=ia+ib+ic\n",
-    "\n",
     "#ia,ib and ic are phase currents hence contain with angles they are in the form sin(angle)+icos(angle)\n",
-    "\n",
     "#IN=51.96*(sin(0)+i*cos(0))+43.3*(sin(120)+i*cos(120))+34.64*(sin(240)+i*cos(240))\n",
-    "\n",
     "#IN=51.96+(-21.65+i*37.5)+34.64*(-0.5-i*0.866)\n",
-    "\n",
     "#12.99+i*7.5 on which the sin+icos=sin**2+cos**2 operation is performed\n",
     "#therefore  \n",
-    "\n",
     "IN=15 #at angle 30\n",
     "print \"IN=\",round(IN,10),\"A\"\n",
     "\n"
@@ -103,43 +88,27 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "vab=400 #phase angle of 0\n",
     "vbc=400 #phase angle of 120\n",
     "vca=400 #phase angle of 240\n",
-    "\n",
     "#the phase currents are given by iab,ibc,ica\n",
-    "\n",
     "iab=400/150 #from the diagram \n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"iab=\",round(iab,5),\"A\"\n",
     "#ibc=(400*314*50)/10**6  numerator with an angle of -120 and denominator angle of -90 which amounts to -30 in numerator\n",
     "#this leads to simplifying with the formula as the value obtained for ibc after simplification from above mutiplied by values of cos(-30)+jsin(-30)\n",
     "#therefore print as below\n",
-    "\n",
     "print\"ibc=5.4414-j3.1416\",\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#same method for ica\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"ica=3.1463+j4.2056\",\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "#ia=iab-ica\n",
-    "\n",
     "#ia=2.667-(3.1463+j4.2056)\n",
-    "\n",
     "#leads to 4.2328 with an angle of -96.51\n",
     "#angle calculated using tan formula\n",
     "print \"ia=4.2328 with an angle of -96.51\",\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#same for ib and ic\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"ib=4.1915 with angle of -48.55\",\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"ic=7.6973 with an angle of 107.35\",\"A\""
    ]
   },
@@ -170,40 +139,25 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
     "zl=5 #load impedanc with an angle of 36.87 degrees\n",
     "vl=400 #line voltage\n",
     "il=46.19\n",
     "va=400/3**0.5 #phase voltage\n",
-    "\n",
     "ia=va/zl  #line current with an angle of -36.87 degrees\n",
-    "\n",
     "#ib and ic are also the same values with changes in in their angles\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
     "#cos(-36.87)=0.8 lagging\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"power factor =0.8\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
     "p=3**0.5*vl*il*0.8 #power where 0.8 is power factor\n",
-    "\n",
     "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"KW\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
     "q=3**0.5*vl*il*0.6 #where 0.6 is sin(36.87) and q is reactive volt ampere\n",
-    "\n",
     "print\"q=\",round(q,2),\"Kvar\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case e\n",
-    "\n",
     "t=3**0.5*vl*il #total volt ampere\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"t=\",round(t,0),\"KVA\"\n",
     "\n"
    ]
@@ -238,39 +192,25 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
-    "\n",
     "za=50\n",
     "zb=15  #j15\n",
     "zc=-15 #-j15\n",
-    "\n",
     "vl=440\n",
-    "\n",
     "vab=440 #with an angle of 0\n",
-    "\n",
     "vbc=440 #with an angle of -120\n",
-    "\n",
     "vca=440 #with an angle of -240\n",
-    "\n",
     "#applying kvl to meshes as in the diagram we get the following equations\n",
-    "\n",
     "#50i1+j15(i1-i2)-440(angle 0)=0,j15(i2-i1)+(-j15)i2-440(angle 120)=0\n",
-    "\n",
     "#solving the above 2 eqns we get the values of ia,ib and ic as follows\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"ia=29.33A\" #at angle -30\n",
     "print \"ib=73.83A\" #at angle -131.45\n",
     "print \"ic=73.82A\" #at angle 71.5\n",
-    "\n",
     "#the voltage drops across vr,vl and vc which are voltages across resistance ,inducctance and capacitance are given as follows\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"vr=1466.5V\" #at angle -30\n",
     "print \"vl=73.83V\"  #at angle -41.45\n",
     "print \"vc=73.83V\"  #at angle -18.5\n",
-    "\n",
     "#the potential of neutral point\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"vn=1212.45V\" #at angle 150\n"
    ]
   },
@@ -299,24 +239,16 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
-    "\n",
     "v=440 #voltage\n",
     "o=25000 #output power\n",
     "e=0.9 #efficiency\n",
     "p=0.85 #poer factor\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "il=o/(3**0.5*v*p*e) #line current\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"il=\",round(il,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "ip=o/(3*v*e*p) #phase current for delta current winding\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"ip=\",round(ip,5),\"A\"\n"
    ]
   },
@@ -353,55 +285,32 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
-    "\n",
     "#25kW at power factor 1 for branch AB\n",
     "#40KVA at power factor 0.85 for branch BC\n",
     "#30KVA at power factor 0.6 for branch CA\n",
-    "\n",
     "#line voltages with vab as reference phasor\n",
-    "\n",
     "vab=415 #at angle 0\n",
     "vbc=415 #at angle -120\n",
     "vca=415 #at angle -240\n",
-    "\n",
     "#phase currents are given with x+jy form of an imaginary number and vary according to angles.The values below are only the values of the currents without conversion into imaginary form\n",
-    "\n",
     "iab=(25*10**3)/(3**0.5*415*1)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"iab=\",round(iab,3),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "ibc=(40*10**3)/(3**0.5*415)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"ibc=\",round(ibc,3),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "ica=(30*10**3)/(3**0.5*415)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"ica=\",round(ica,3),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#the line currents are as below.The following values can also be converted to x+iy form where x is real and y is imaginary\n",
-    "\n",
     "#ia=iab-ibc and subtraction is done of x+iy forms where the value of the term varies as obtained by sqrt(x**2+y**2)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"ia=76.38A\" #at angle -3.75\n",
-    "\n",
     "#ib=ibc-iab\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"ib=87.85A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#ic=ica-ibc\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"ic=32.21A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#wattmeter readings on phase A\n",
-    "\n",
     "#w1=vab*ia*cos(-3.35) where the cos angle is given by phase angle between ia and vab\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"w1=31.63KW\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#same formula for wattmeter readings in phase c where the angle is 16.35\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"w2=12.827KW\""
    ]
   },
@@ -432,40 +341,24 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
-    "\n",
     "w1=500\n",
     "w2=200\n",
     "w=w1+w2\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"the total input power=\",round(w,0),\"KW\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "#tan(angle)=3**0.5*(w1-w2)/(w1+w2) where the angle=36.58 and cos(36.58)=0.803 which is the power factor\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"power factor=0.803\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
-    "\n",
     "vl=2200\n",
-    "\n",
     "il=w/(3**0.5*vl*0.803)  #0.803 is the value of the cos angle and il is the line current\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"il=\",round(il,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
     "#efficiency=o/i #i is input and o is output\n",
-    "\n",
     "hp=746 #horse power\n",
     "o=0.9*w/hp #0.9 is efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"output=\",round(o,3),\"hp\"\n",
     "\n",
     "\n"
@@ -497,7 +390,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
+   "version": "2.7.5"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter5_IwMblyq.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter5_IwMblyq.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6e2c62ae..00000000
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/Chapter5_IwMblyq.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,398 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 5: Three Phase Systems"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.1: Page number-317"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ia= 51.962 A\n",
-      "ib= 43.30129 A\n",
-      "ic= 34.64103 A\n",
-      "IN= 15.0 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "vl=400 #line voltage\n",
-    "va=vl/math.sqrt(3)\n",
-    "vb=230.94  #angle(-120)\n",
-    "vc=230.94  #angle(-240)\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "#the line currents are given by\n",
-    "ia=12000/230.94  #with angle 0\n",
-    "ib=10000/230.94  #with angle 120\n",
-    "ic=8000/230.94   #with angle 240\n",
-    "print\"ia=\",round(ia,3),\"A\"\n",
-    "print \"ib=\",round(ib,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "print \"ic=\",round(ic,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "#IN=ia+ib+ic\n",
-    "#ia,ib and ic are phase currents hence contain with angles they are in the form sin(angle)+icos(angle)\n",
-    "#IN=51.96*(sin(0)+i*cos(0))+43.3*(sin(120)+i*cos(120))+34.64*(sin(240)+i*cos(240))\n",
-    "#IN=51.96+(-21.65+i*37.5)+34.64*(-0.5-i*0.866)\n",
-    "#12.99+i*7.5 on which the sin+icos=sin**2+cos**2 operation is performed\n",
-    "#therefore  \n",
-    "IN=15 #at angle 30\n",
-    "print \"IN=\",round(IN,10),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.2:Page number-320 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "iab= 2.0 A\n",
-      "ibc=5.4414-j3.1416 A\n",
-      "ica=3.1463+j4.2056 A\n",
-      "ia=4.2328 with an angle of -96.51 A\n",
-      "ib=4.1915 with angle of -48.55 A\n",
-      "ic=7.6973 with an angle of 107.35 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "vab=400 #phase angle of 0\n",
-    "vbc=400 #phase angle of 120\n",
-    "vca=400 #phase angle of 240\n",
-    "#the phase currents are given by iab,ibc,ica\n",
-    "iab=400/150 #from the diagram \n",
-    "print \"iab=\",round(iab,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "#ibc=(400*314*50)/10**6  numerator with an angle of -120 and denominator angle of -90 which amounts to -30 in numerator\n",
-    "#this leads to simplifying with the formula as the value obtained for ibc after simplification from above mutiplied by values of cos(-30)+jsin(-30)\n",
-    "#therefore print as below\n",
-    "print\"ibc=5.4414-j3.1416\",\"A\"\n",
-    "#same method for ica\n",
-    "print \"ica=3.1463+j4.2056\",\"A\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "#ia=iab-ica\n",
-    "#ia=2.667-(3.1463+j4.2056)\n",
-    "#leads to 4.2328 with an angle of -96.51\n",
-    "#angle calculated using tan formula\n",
-    "print \"ia=4.2328 with an angle of -96.51\",\"A\"\n",
-    "#same for ib and ic\n",
-    "print \"ib=4.1915 with angle of -48.55\",\"A\"\n",
-    "print \"ic=7.6973 with an angle of 107.35\",\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.3:Page number:321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power factor =0.8\n",
-      "p= 25601.1 KW\n",
-      "q= 19200.82 Kvar\n",
-      "t= 32001.0 KVA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "zl=5 #load impedanc with an angle of 36.87 degrees\n",
-    "vl=400 #line voltage\n",
-    "il=46.19\n",
-    "va=400/3**0.5 #phase voltage\n",
-    "ia=va/zl  #line current with an angle of -36.87 degrees\n",
-    "#ib and ic are also the same values with changes in in their angles\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "#cos(-36.87)=0.8 lagging\n",
-    "print \"power factor =0.8\"\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "p=3**0.5*vl*il*0.8 #power where 0.8 is power factor\n",
-    "print\"p=\",round(p,2),\"KW\"\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "q=3**0.5*vl*il*0.6 #where 0.6 is sin(36.87) and q is reactive volt ampere\n",
-    "print\"q=\",round(q,2),\"Kvar\"\n",
-    "#case e\n",
-    "t=3**0.5*vl*il #total volt ampere\n",
-    "print \"t=\",round(t,0),\"KVA\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.4: Page number-321"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ia=29.33A\n",
-      "ib=73.83A\n",
-      "ic=73.82A\n",
-      "vr=1466.5V\n",
-      "vl=73.83V\n",
-      "vc=73.83V\n",
-      "vn=1212.45V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "za=50\n",
-    "zb=15  #j15\n",
-    "zc=-15 #-j15\n",
-    "vl=440\n",
-    "vab=440 #with an angle of 0\n",
-    "vbc=440 #with an angle of -120\n",
-    "vca=440 #with an angle of -240\n",
-    "#applying kvl to meshes as in the diagram we get the following equations\n",
-    "#50i1+j15(i1-i2)-440(angle 0)=0,j15(i2-i1)+(-j15)i2-440(angle 120)=0\n",
-    "#solving the above 2 eqns we get the values of ia,ib and ic as follows\n",
-    "print \"ia=29.33A\" #at angle -30\n",
-    "print \"ib=73.83A\" #at angle -131.45\n",
-    "print \"ic=73.82A\" #at angle 71.5\n",
-    "#the voltage drops across vr,vl and vc which are voltages across resistance ,inducctance and capacitance are given as follows\n",
-    "print \"vr=1466.5V\" #at angle -30\n",
-    "print \"vl=73.83V\"  #at angle -41.45\n",
-    "print \"vc=73.83V\"  #at angle -18.5\n",
-    "#the potential of neutral point\n",
-    "print \"vn=1212.45V\" #at angle 150\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.5:Page number-323"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "il= 42.88104 A\n",
-      "ip= 24.75738 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "v=440 #voltage\n",
-    "o=25000 #output power\n",
-    "e=0.9 #efficiency\n",
-    "p=0.85 #poer factor\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "il=o/(3**0.5*v*p*e) #line current\n",
-    "print \"il=\",round(il,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "ip=o/(3*v*e*p) #phase current for delta current winding\n",
-    "print \"ip=\",round(ip,5),\"A\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.7:Page number-329"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "iab= 34.78 A\n",
-      "ibc= 55.648 A\n",
-      "ica= 41.736 A\n",
-      "ia=76.38A\n",
-      "ib=87.85A\n",
-      "ic=32.21A\n",
-      "w1=31.63KW\n",
-      "w2=12.827KW\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "#25kW at power factor 1 for branch AB\n",
-    "#40KVA at power factor 0.85 for branch BC\n",
-    "#30KVA at power factor 0.6 for branch CA\n",
-    "#line voltages with vab as reference phasor\n",
-    "vab=415 #at angle 0\n",
-    "vbc=415 #at angle -120\n",
-    "vca=415 #at angle -240\n",
-    "#phase currents are given with x+jy form of an imaginary number and vary according to angles.The values below are only the values of the currents without conversion into imaginary form\n",
-    "iab=(25*10**3)/(3**0.5*415*1)\n",
-    "print \"iab=\",round(iab,3),\"A\"\n",
-    "ibc=(40*10**3)/(3**0.5*415)\n",
-    "print \"ibc=\",round(ibc,3),\"A\"\n",
-    "ica=(30*10**3)/(3**0.5*415)\n",
-    "print \"ica=\",round(ica,3),\"A\"\n",
-    "#the line currents are as below.The following values can also be converted to x+iy form where x is real and y is imaginary\n",
-    "#ia=iab-ibc and subtraction is done of x+iy forms where the value of the term varies as obtained by sqrt(x**2+y**2)\n",
-    "print \"ia=76.38A\" #at angle -3.75\n",
-    "#ib=ibc-iab\n",
-    "print \"ib=87.85A\"\n",
-    "#ic=ica-ibc\n",
-    "print \"ic=32.21A\"\n",
-    "#wattmeter readings on phase A\n",
-    "#w1=vab*ia*cos(-3.35) where the cos angle is given by phase angle between ia and vab\n",
-    "print \"w1=31.63KW\"\n",
-    "#same formula for wattmeter readings in phase c where the angle is 16.35\n",
-    "print \"w2=12.827KW\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 5.8:Page number-331"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "the total input power= 700.0 KW\n",
-      "power factor=0.803\n",
-      "il= 0.22877 A\n",
-      "output= 0.845 hp\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "w1=500\n",
-    "w2=200\n",
-    "w=w1+w2\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "print \"the total input power=\",round(w,0),\"KW\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "#tan(angle)=3**0.5*(w1-w2)/(w1+w2) where the angle=36.58 and cos(36.58)=0.803 which is the power factor\n",
-    "print \"power factor=0.803\"\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "vl=2200\n",
-    "il=w/(3**0.5*vl*0.803)  #0.803 is the value of the cos angle and il is the line current\n",
-    "print \"il=\",round(il,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "#efficiency=o/i #i is input and o is output\n",
-    "hp=746 #horse power\n",
-    "o=0.9*w/hp #0.9 is efficiency\n",
-    "print \"output=\",round(o,3),\"hp\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.5"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter1.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter1.ipynb
index e394c7f6..7f27495e 100755..100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter1.ipynb
@@ -31,13 +31,10 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "q1=q2=0.1\n",
     "r=1\n",
     "e=8.84*(10**-12)\n",
-    "\n",
     "E=(q1*q2)/float(4*3.14*e*(r**2))\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"E=\",format(E,'.2f'),\"N\""
    ]
   },
@@ -66,34 +63,21 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
-    "\n",
     "q1=2*(10**-9)\n",
     "q2=3*(10**-9)\n",
-    "\n",
     "#q1 and q2 are 6m apart in air\n",
     "#on substituting the values in the formula for calculating force between q and q1 and q and q2 we get 9[(3/(6-x**2)-(2/(x**2)))]\n",
-    "\n",
     "import sympy as sp\n",
     "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
     "sp.integrate(((3/(6-x)**2)-(2/x**2)),x)\n",
-    "\n",
     "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
     "import scipy.integrate\n",
-    "\n",
     "def f(x):\n",
     "    return -(x+12)/(x**2 - 6*x)\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    \n",
-    "    \n",
-    "\n",
     "i=quad(f,1,4)\n",
     "print (i[0]),\"J\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"Vab=-vba=5.4V\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#the value obtained is directly given with print \n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
@@ -126,10 +110,8 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "charge=1.6*(10**-19)\n",
     "iav=1.6*(10**-19)*(10**19) #total charge movement per second\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"iav=\",format(iav,'.1f'),\"A\""
    ]
   },
@@ -157,17 +139,13 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "p=30\n",
     "i=10\n",
-    "\n",
     "v=p/i\n",
     "dt=1\n",
     "dq=i*dt\n",
-    "\n",
     "dw=v*dq\n",
     "energy=dw/i\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"energy of each coulomb of charge=\",format(energy,'.1f'),\"J\"\n",
     "\n",
     "\n"
@@ -197,14 +175,10 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
-    "\n",
     "p=15000\n",
     "n=1500\n",
-    "\n",
     "t=(60*p)/float(1500*2*3.14)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"torque=\",format(t,'.2f'),\"Nm\"\n"
    ]
   },
@@ -234,13 +208,10 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "res=1.72*(10**-8)\n",
     "l=200\n",
     "a=25*(10**-6)\n",
-    "\n",
     "R=(res*l)/float(a)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"R=\",format(R,'.4f'),\"ohm\""
    ]
   },
@@ -268,15 +239,12 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given and derived\n",
     "meanrad=0.08\n",
     "meanlen=3.14*meanrad\n",
     "a=0.04*0.04\n",
     "res=1.72*(10**-8)\n",
-    "\n",
     "R=(res*meanlen)/float(a)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"R=\",format(R,'.8f'),\"ohm\""
    ]
   },
@@ -305,17 +273,12 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "res=0.02*(10**-6)\n",
     "l=4000*80*(10**-2)\n",
     "a=0.8*(10**-6)\n",
-    "\n",
     "R=(res*l)/float(a)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"R=\",format(R,'.4f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "power=(230*230)/float(80)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"power=\",format(power,'.2f'),\"W\""
    ]
   },
@@ -345,7 +308,6 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "lal=7.5\n",
     "lcu=6\n",
     "rcu=0.017*(10**-6)\n",
@@ -353,21 +315,13 @@
     "d=(10**-6)\n",
     "a=((3.14*d))/float(4)\n",
     "Ral=(lal*ral)/float(a)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"R=\",format(Ral,'.4f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "ial=3\n",
-    "\n",
     "pv=Ral*ial\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
     "Rcu=pv/float(2)\n",
     "print Rcu\n",
-    "\n",
     "a=(rcu*lcu)/float(Rcu)\n",
-    "\n",
     "dcu=(((a*4)/3.14)**0.5)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"dcu=\",format(dcu,'.6f'),\"nm\"\n",
     "\n",
     "\n"
@@ -397,29 +351,21 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given and derived\n",
-    "\n",
     "a=100/0.32 #area required to dissipate 100W power\n",
     "d=5\n",
     "#length of cyclinder L,length of wire if l,diameter of the wire is d\n",
     "L=a/float(3.14*d)\n",
-    "\n",
     "r=100/1**2\n",
-    "\n",
     "#spacing is d cm\n",
     "#distance along the axis of the cylinder is 2d cm\n",
-    "\n",
     "#no of turns is 10/d\n",
     "#length of one turn of the wire is 3.14*5 cm\n",
     "#length of the wire is 50*3.14/d\n",
     "res=10**-4\n",
-    "\n",
     "#d=(((2*10**-4))**(0.6))\n",
     "d=0.058\n",
-    "\n",
     "l=(50*3.14)/d\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"l=\",format(l,'.6f'),\"cm\"\n",
     "\n",
     "\n"
@@ -449,22 +395,15 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
     "v=250\n",
     "i=5\n",
     "i1=3.91\n",
-    "\n",
     "t0=0.00426 #temperature coefficient\n",
-    "\n",
     "r15=v/i #at 15 degrees\n",
-    "\n",
     "rt=v/i1 #at t degrees\n",
-    "\n",
     "l=(rt*(1+t0*15))/50 #left hand side\n",
-    "\n",
     "t=(l-1)/t0\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"t=\",format(t,'.2f'),\"centigrade\""
    ]
   },
@@ -492,15 +431,11 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#this is a derivation by substitution problem\n",
-    "\n",
     "#al1=al0/(1+al0*t1)\n",
     "#al2=al0/(1+al0*t2)\n",
     "#where t1 and t2 are different temperatures al0,al1 and al2 are temperature coefficients\n",
-    "\n",
     "#substitute al0 in al2\n",
-    "\n",
     "#on deriving and solving for al2 we get,\n",
     "print \"al2=al1/(1+al1*(t1-t2))\"\n"
    ]
@@ -530,25 +465,16 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#values are obtained from the graph\n",
-    "\n",
     "i=10 #10t A for 0 to 1 second\n",
-    "\n",
     "d=10 #where di/dt is 10\n",
     "L=2\n",
     "# at one second\n",
-    "\n",
     "v=L*d\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"v=\",format(v,'.1f'),\"v\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#for 1 to 5 seconds\n",
-    "\n",
     "d=-5\n",
-    "\n",
     "#at t=3 seconds voltage across the inductor is\n",
-    "\n",
     "v=L*d\n",
     "print \"v=\",format(v,'.1f'),\"v\"\n"
    ]
@@ -580,33 +506,21 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
-    "\n",
     "dv=20 #dv/dt\n",
     "c=25*(10**-6)\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "i=c*dv\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"i=\",format(i,'.4f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
     "q=c*dv\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"q=\",format(q,'.4f'),\"C\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
     "p=dv*i\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"p=\",format(p,'.4f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case d\n",
     "v=dv**2\n",
     "wc=(c*v)/2\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"wc=\",format(wc,'.4f'),\"J\"\n",
     "    "
    ]
@@ -639,28 +553,18 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "l=1\n",
     "b=1.5\n",
     "i=50\n",
     "u=5\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "f=b*i*l\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"f=\",format(f,'.1f'),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "p=f*u\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"p=\",format(p,'.1f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
     "e=b*l*u\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"e=\",format(e,'.1f'),\"V\"\n"
    ]
   },
@@ -689,23 +593,17 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#e=b*l*u*sin(angle)\n",
-    "\n",
     "b=0.5\n",
     "l=40\n",
     "u=1.5\n",
-    "\n",
     "#when angle=90 sin(90)=1=s\n",
     "s=1\n",
     "e=b*l*u*s\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"e=\",format(e,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#when angle=30 sin(angle)=s=0.5\n",
     "s=0.5\n",
     "e=b*l*u*s\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"e=\",format(e,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
     "\n"
    ]
@@ -734,7 +632,6 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#applying kcl to circuit at node b i3+i4=6-4=2\n",
     "i3=i4=1 #potential of node b with respect to node c\n",
     "vb=8\n",
@@ -742,11 +639,8 @@
     "va=6 #potential of node a w.r.t note c\n",
     "i2=3\n",
     "#applying kcl to node a\n",
-    "\n",
     "isa=1\n",
-    "\n",
     "vs=va+2*isa\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"vse=\",format(vs,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
     "\n"
    ]
@@ -777,7 +671,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
+   "version": "2.7.5"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter11.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter11.ipynb
index 227dc22e..4897b494 100755..100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter11.ipynb
+++ b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter11.ipynb
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11:BAsic Analogue Instruments"
+    "# Chapter 11:Basic Analogue Instruments"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -33,33 +33,20 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given and derived\n",
-    "\n",
     "rm=75\n",
     "im=300*(10**-6)\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "i=5\n",
     "rsh=(rm*im)/float(i-im)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"rsh=\",format(rsh,'.5f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "i=7.5\n",
-    "\n",
     "rsh=(rm*im)/float(i-im)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"rsh=\",format(rsh,'.5f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
     "i=10\n",
-    "\n",
     "rsh=(rm*im)/float(i-im)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"rsh=\",format(rsh,'.5f'),\"ohm\""
    ]
   },
@@ -89,32 +76,19 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "im=300*(10**-6)\n",
-    "\n",
     "rm=75\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "v=50\n",
     "rse=(v/im)-rm\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "v=75\n",
-    "\n",
     "rse=(v/im)-rm\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
     "v=100\n",
-    "\n",
     "rse=(v/im)-rm\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n"
    ]
   },
@@ -144,7 +118,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
+   "version": "2.7.5"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter11_nHcyQSN.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter11_nHcyQSN.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4897b494..00000000
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter11_nHcyQSN.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 11:Basic Analogue Instruments"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.1:Page number-617"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rsh= 0.00450 ohm\n",
-      "rsh= 0.00300 ohm\n",
-      "rsh= 0.00225 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given and derived\n",
-    "rm=75\n",
-    "im=300*(10**-6)\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "i=5\n",
-    "rsh=(rm*im)/float(i-im)\n",
-    "print \"rsh=\",format(rsh,'.5f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "i=7.5\n",
-    "rsh=(rm*im)/float(i-im)\n",
-    "print \"rsh=\",format(rsh,'.5f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "i=10\n",
-    "rsh=(rm*im)/float(i-im)\n",
-    "print \"rsh=\",format(rsh,'.5f'),\"ohm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 11.2:Page number-619"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rse= 166591.67 ohm\n",
-      "rse= 249925.00 ohm\n",
-      "rse= 333258.33 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "im=300*(10**-6)\n",
-    "rm=75\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "v=50\n",
-    "rse=(v/im)-rm\n",
-    "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "v=75\n",
-    "rse=(v/im)-rm\n",
-    "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "v=100\n",
-    "rse=(v/im)-rm\n",
-    "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.5"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter1_ivpTi0v.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter1_ivpTi0v.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f27495e..00000000
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter1_ivpTi0v.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,679 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 1:Introduction to electrical engineering"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.1:Page number-6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 90065423.52 N\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "q1=q2=0.1\n",
-    "r=1\n",
-    "e=8.84*(10**-12)\n",
-    "E=(q1*q2)/float(4*3.14*e*(r**2))\n",
-    "print \"E=\",format(E,'.2f'),\"N\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.2:Page number-7"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 38,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "5.52146091786 J\n",
-      "Vab=-vba=5.4V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "q1=2*(10**-9)\n",
-    "q2=3*(10**-9)\n",
-    "#q1 and q2 are 6m apart in air\n",
-    "#on substituting the values in the formula for calculating force between q and q1 and q and q2 we get 9[(3/(6-x**2)-(2/(x**2)))]\n",
-    "import sympy as sp\n",
-    "x=sp.Symbol('x')\n",
-    "sp.integrate(((3/(6-x)**2)-(2/x**2)),x)\n",
-    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
-    "import scipy.integrate\n",
-    "def f(x):\n",
-    "    return -(x+12)/(x**2 - 6*x)\n",
-    "i=quad(f,1,4)\n",
-    "print (i[0]),\"J\"\n",
-    "print \"Vab=-vba=5.4V\"\n",
-    "#the value obtained is directly given with print \n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.3:Page number-11"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "iav= 1.6 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "charge=1.6*(10**-19)\n",
-    "iav=1.6*(10**-19)*(10**19) #total charge movement per second\n",
-    "print \"iav=\",format(iav,'.1f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.4:Page number-14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "energy of each coulomb of charge= 3.0 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "p=30\n",
-    "i=10\n",
-    "v=p/i\n",
-    "dt=1\n",
-    "dq=i*dt\n",
-    "dw=v*dq\n",
-    "energy=dw/i\n",
-    "print \"energy of each coulomb of charge=\",format(energy,'.1f'),\"J\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.5"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque= 95.54 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "p=15000\n",
-    "n=1500\n",
-    "t=(60*p)/float(1500*2*3.14)\n",
-    "print \"torque=\",format(t,'.2f'),\"Nm\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.6:Page number-16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " R= 0.1376 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "res=1.72*(10**-8)\n",
-    "l=200\n",
-    "a=25*(10**-6)\n",
-    "R=(res*l)/float(a)\n",
-    "print \"R=\",format(R,'.4f'),\"ohm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.7 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 0.00000270 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given and derived\n",
-    "meanrad=0.08\n",
-    "meanlen=3.14*meanrad\n",
-    "a=0.04*0.04\n",
-    "res=1.72*(10**-8)\n",
-    "R=(res*meanlen)/float(a)\n",
-    "print \"R=\",format(R,'.8f'),\"ohm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.8:Page number-17 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 80.0000 ohm\n",
-      "power= 661.25 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "res=0.02*(10**-6)\n",
-    "l=4000*80*(10**-2)\n",
-    "a=0.8*(10**-6)\n",
-    "R=(res*l)/float(a)\n",
-    "print \"R=\",format(R,'.4f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "power=(230*230)/float(80)\n",
-    "print \"power=\",format(power,'.2f'),\"W\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R= 0.2675 ohm\n",
-      "0.40127388535\n",
-      "dcu= 0.000569 nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "lal=7.5\n",
-    "lcu=6\n",
-    "rcu=0.017*(10**-6)\n",
-    "ral=0.028*(10**-6)\n",
-    "d=(10**-6)\n",
-    "a=((3.14*d))/float(4)\n",
-    "Ral=(lal*ral)/float(a)\n",
-    "print \"R=\",format(Ral,'.4f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "ial=3\n",
-    "pv=Ral*ial\n",
-    "Rcu=pv/float(2)\n",
-    "print Rcu\n",
-    "a=(rcu*lcu)/float(Rcu)\n",
-    "dcu=(((a*4)/3.14)**0.5)\n",
-    "print \"dcu=\",format(dcu,'.6f'),\"nm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.10"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "l= 2706.896552 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given and derived\n",
-    "a=100/0.32 #area required to dissipate 100W power\n",
-    "d=5\n",
-    "#length of cyclinder L,length of wire if l,diameter of the wire is d\n",
-    "L=a/float(3.14*d)\n",
-    "r=100/1**2\n",
-    "#spacing is d cm\n",
-    "#distance along the axis of the cylinder is 2d cm\n",
-    "#no of turns is 10/d\n",
-    "#length of one turn of the wire is 3.14*5 cm\n",
-    "#length of the wire is 50*3.14/d\n",
-    "res=10**-4\n",
-    "#d=(((2*10**-4))**(0.6))\n",
-    "d=0.058\n",
-    "l=(50*3.14)/d\n",
-    "print \"l=\",format(l,'.6f'),\"cm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.11: Page number-20"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "t= 84.62 centigrade\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "v=250\n",
-    "i=5\n",
-    "i1=3.91\n",
-    "t0=0.00426 #temperature coefficient\n",
-    "r15=v/i #at 15 degrees\n",
-    "rt=v/i1 #at t degrees\n",
-    "l=(rt*(1+t0*15))/50 #left hand side\n",
-    "t=(l-1)/t0\n",
-    "print \"t=\",format(t,'.2f'),\"centigrade\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.12"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "al2=al1/(1+al1*(t1-t2))\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#this is a derivation by substitution problem\n",
-    "#al1=al0/(1+al0*t1)\n",
-    "#al2=al0/(1+al0*t2)\n",
-    "#where t1 and t2 are different temperatures al0,al1 and al2 are temperature coefficients\n",
-    "#substitute al0 in al2\n",
-    "#on deriving and solving for al2 we get,\n",
-    "print \"al2=al1/(1+al1*(t1-t2))\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.13:Page number-22"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "v= 20.0 v\n",
-      "v= -10.0 v\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#values are obtained from the graph\n",
-    "i=10 #10t A for 0 to 1 second\n",
-    "d=10 #where di/dt is 10\n",
-    "L=2\n",
-    "# at one second\n",
-    "v=L*d\n",
-    "print \"v=\",format(v,'.1f'),\"v\"\n",
-    "#for 1 to 5 seconds\n",
-    "d=-5\n",
-    "#at t=3 seconds voltage across the inductor is\n",
-    "v=L*d\n",
-    "print \"v=\",format(v,'.1f'),\"v\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.16:Page number-27"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " i= 0.0005 A\n",
-      "q= 0.0005 C\n",
-      "p= 0.0100 W\n",
-      "wc= 0.0050 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "dv=20 #dv/dt\n",
-    "c=25*(10**-6)\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "i=c*dv\n",
-    "print \"i=\",format(i,'.4f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "q=c*dv\n",
-    "print \"q=\",format(q,'.4f'),\"C\"\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "p=dv*i\n",
-    "print \"p=\",format(p,'.4f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "v=dv**2\n",
-    "wc=(c*v)/2\n",
-    "print \"wc=\",format(wc,'.4f'),\"J\"\n",
-    "    "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.18:Page number-34"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "f= 75.0 N\n",
-      "p= 375.0 W\n",
-      "e= 7.5 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "l=1\n",
-    "b=1.5\n",
-    "i=50\n",
-    "u=5\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "f=b*i*l\n",
-    "print \"f=\",format(f,'.1f'),\"N\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "p=f*u\n",
-    "print \"p=\",format(p,'.1f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "e=b*l*u\n",
-    "print \"e=\",format(e,'.1f'),\"V\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.19:Page number-35"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "e= 30.0 V\n",
-      "e= 15.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#e=b*l*u*sin(angle)\n",
-    "b=0.5\n",
-    "l=40\n",
-    "u=1.5\n",
-    "#when angle=90 sin(90)=1=s\n",
-    "s=1\n",
-    "e=b*l*u*s\n",
-    "print \"e=\",format(e,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "#when angle=30 sin(angle)=s=0.5\n",
-    "s=0.5\n",
-    "e=b*l*u*s\n",
-    "print \"e=\",format(e,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 1.22:Page number-37"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "vse= 8.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#applying kcl to circuit at node b i3+i4=6-4=2\n",
-    "i3=i4=1 #potential of node b with respect to node c\n",
-    "vb=8\n",
-    "vba=2 #voltage drop across nodes b and a\n",
-    "va=6 #potential of node a w.r.t note c\n",
-    "i2=3\n",
-    "#applying kcl to node a\n",
-    "isa=1\n",
-    "vs=va+2*isa\n",
-    "print \"vse=\",format(vs,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.5"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter3.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter3.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index eadaec84..00000000
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter3.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,728 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 3:Magnetic Circuits"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.1:Page number-158\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The reluctance of steel ring is= 1250000.0 AT/Wb\n",
-      "The magnetomotive force is= 625.0 AT\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "pi=3.14\n",
-    "l=pi*0.2 #l=mean length of the ring=pi*mean diameter of the ring\n",
-    "A=400*10**-6 #A=cross sectional area of ring\n",
-    "u1=1000 #u1=relative permeability of steel\n",
-    "u2=4*pi*10**-7 #relative permeability of air\n",
-    "R=l/(A*u1*u2) #reluctance of steel ring\n",
-    "print \"The reluctance of steel ring is=\",round(R,0),\"AT/Wb\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "flux=500*10**-6\n",
-    "f=flux*R\n",
-    "print \"The magnetomotive force is=\",round(f,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.2:Page number-158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The flux density is= 0.625 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "The magnetomotive force is= 375.0 AT\n",
-      "The magnetic field strength is= 750.0 AT/m\n",
-      "The relative permeability is= 663.0\n",
-      "The flux density is= 1.5 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "The magnetomotive force is= 1250.0 AT\n",
-      "Magnetic field strength= 2500.0 AT/m\n",
-      "The relative permeability is= 477.7\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "l=0.5\n",
-    "A=4*10**-4\n",
-    "N=250\n",
-    "I=1.5\n",
-    "flux=0.25*10**-3\n",
-    "fluxdensity=flux/A \n",
-    "f=N*I #magnetomotive force\n",
-    "H=(N*I)/l #magnetic field strength\n",
-    "pi=3.14\n",
-    "u1=4*pi*10**-7\n",
-    "u2=fluxdensity/(u1*H)\n",
-    "print \"The flux density is=\",round(fluxdensity,3),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"The magnetomotive force is=\",round(f,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "print \"The magnetic field strength is=\",round(H,0),\"AT/m\"\n",
-    "print \"The relative permeability is=\",round(u2,0)\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "I=5\n",
-    "flux=0.6*10**-3\n",
-    "A=4*10**-4\n",
-    "N=250\n",
-    "l=0.5\n",
-    "fluxdensity=flux/A\n",
-    "print \"The flux density is=\",round(fluxdensity,1),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "f=N*I  #magnetomotive force\n",
-    "print \"The magnetomotive force is=\",round(f,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "H=(N*I)/l #magnetic field stength\n",
-    "print \"Magnetic field strength=\",round(H,0),\"AT/m\"\n",
-    "pi=3.14\n",
-    "u1=4*pi*10**-7\n",
-    "u2=fluxdensity/(u1*H)\n",
-    "print \"The relative permeability is=\",round(u2,1)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.3: Page number-159"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetomotive force= 1250.0 AT\n",
-      "The reluctance of air gap is= 162154.449 AT/Wb\n",
-      "The flux is=  0.006475308 Wb\n",
-      "The flux density is= 13.188 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "The reluctance of steel string is= 69494.763801 AT/Wb\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "pi=3.14\n",
-    "ls=0.627  #mean length of steel string\n",
-    "la=0.0001 #length of air gap\n",
-    "A=4.91*10**-4  #cross sectional area of magnetic circuit\n",
-    "f=N*I #magnetomotive force\n",
-    "print \"Magnetomotive force=\",round(f,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "fa=1050  #fa=mmf of air gap=1050AT\n",
-    "fs=450    #fs=mmf of steel ring=450\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "u1=4*pi*10**-7\n",
-    "ra=la/(u1*A) #reluctance of air gap\n",
-    "print \"The reluctance of air gap is=\",round(ra,3),\"AT/Wb\"\n",
-    "flux=fa/ra\n",
-    "print \"The flux is= \",round(flux,20),\"Wb\"\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "fluxdensity=flux/A\n",
-    "print \"The flux density is=\",round(fluxdensity,5),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "rs=fs/flux #reluctance of steel string\n",
-    "print \"The reluctance of steel string is=\",round(rs,6),\"AT/Wb\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.4: Page number-160"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The air gap= 955414.01274 AT/m\n",
-      "The magnetomotive force is= 5.0 AT\n",
-      "hs= 1061.57 AT/m\n",
-      "The magnetomotive force for air gap is= 318.47 AT\n",
-      "Total mmf= 323.47 AT\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "la=2*10**-3 #length of the air gap\n",
-    "ls=0.3      #lentgh of the cast steel core\n",
-    "B=1.2\n",
-    "ha=B/u1\n",
-    "print \"The air gap=\",round(ha,5),\"AT/m\"\n",
-    "fa=H*la  #magnetomotive ofrce for air gap\n",
-    "print \"The magnetomotive force is=\",round(fa,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "u2=900\n",
-    "hs=B/(u1*u2)\n",
-    "print \"hs=\",round(hs,2),\"AT/m\"\n",
-    "fs=hs*ls   #magnetomotive force for air gap\n",
-    "print \"The magnetomotive force for air gap is=\",round(fs,2),\"AT\"\n",
-    "totmmf=fa+fs\n",
-    "print \"Total mmf=\",round(totmmf,2),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.5-Page number-161 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "flux density is= 2.15844 mWb/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "f=200 #total mmf\n",
-    "#ra=2*10**-3/(u1*a)  #reluctance of air gap\n",
-    "#ri=10**-3/(u1*a)    #reluctance of iron core\n",
-    "#r=3*10**-3/(u1*a)   #reluctance of magnetic circuit\n",
-    "#flux=f/r\n",
-    "a=3*10**-3\n",
-    "fluxdensity=flux/a\n",
-    "print \"flux density is=\",round(fluxdensity,5),\"mWb/m**2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.6-Page number-161"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The relucatance of air gap is= 497611.464968 AT/wb\n",
-      "The flux density in central limb is= 0.1125 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "The mmf drop in central limb is= 300.0 AT\n",
-      "fabh= 500.0 AT\n",
-      "The total mmf required is= 1695.0 AT\n",
-      "The required current is= 2.825 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "fluxa=0.00018  #flux in the air gap\n",
-    "la=0.1*10**-2       #length of the air gap\n",
-    "ac=16*10**-4  #area of cross section\n",
-    "u1=4*3.14*10**-7\n",
-    "ra=la/(u1*ac)       #reluctance of the air gap\n",
-    "print \"The relucatance of air gap is=\",round(ra,10),\"AT/wb\"\n",
-    "#fa=fluxa*ra       #mmf required to set up flux in air gap\n",
-    "#print \"The mmf required to set up flux in air gap is=\",round(fa,10),\"AT\" --> This rounds to 895\n",
-    "fa=895\n",
-    "B=fluxa/ac        #flux density in central limb\n",
-    "print \"The flux density in central limb is=\",round(B,10),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "#given from B-H curve, when B=1.125 the field density required is hc=1000 AT/m\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "hc=1000  #as above\n",
-    "lc=30*10**-2   #length of central limb\n",
-    "fc=hc*lc   #mmf drop in central limb\n",
-    "print \"The mmf drop in central limb is=\",round(fc,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "#from the diagram the flux density in parallel path fabh is flux(a)/2 =0.5625 Wb/m**2 and field intensity H=625 AT/m\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "lp=80*10**-2   #length of parallel path\n",
-    "H=625   #from above\n",
-    "fabh=H*lp\n",
-    "print \"fabh=\",round(fabh,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "F=fa+fc+fabh\n",
-    "print \"The total mmf required is=\",round(F,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "N=600   #number of turns\n",
-    "I=F/N\n",
-    "print \"The required current is=\",round(I,5),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.7:Page number-163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "B= 0.7 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "mmf= 111.4 AT\n",
-      "totmmf= 223.85 AT\n",
-      "h2= 298.46667 AT\n",
-      "flux2= 0.0014 Wb\n",
-      "total mmf in fabc= 2250.0 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "totmmfm= 2473.85 AT\n",
-      "The total current required to set up flux in air gap is= 4.9477 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "fluxa=1.4*10**-3\n",
-    "area=0.002\n",
-    "B=fluxa/area  #flux density in air gap \n",
-    "print \"B=\",round(B,3),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "#u1=4*3.14*10**-7\n",
-    "#ha=B/u1 in AT/m    #magnetic field in air gap\n",
-    "ha=55.7\n",
-    "la=2  #length of air gap in m\n",
-    "mmf=ha*la  #mmf of air gap\n",
-    "print \"mmf=\",round(mmf,3),\"AT\"\n",
-    "#since the flux density of central limb is 0.7 the corresponding field srength is h1=250AT/m\n",
-    "h1=250\n",
-    "mmfl=112.45  #mmf for magnetic central limb-->mmf=250*(450-0.2)*10**-3\n",
-    "totmmf=mmf+mmfl\n",
-    "print \"totmmf=\",round(totmmf,5),\"AT\"\n",
-    "#mean length of core CGHF=0.75m\n",
-    "ml=0.75 #as above\n",
-    "#since the central limb and magnetic core are in parallel they have same mmf that is 223.86AT\n",
-    "h2=totmmf/ml #magnetic intensity in CGHF\n",
-    "print \"h2=\",round(h2,5),\"AT\"\n",
-    "flux2=B*area  \n",
-    "print \"flux2=\",round(flux2,5),\"Wb\"\n",
-    "totflux=fluxa+flux2  #Wb\n",
-    "Bfabc=totflux/area   #flux density in magnetic core fabc in Wb/m**2\n",
-    "H=3000 #AT/m\n",
-    "totmmffabc=H*ml  #total mmf in fabc in AT\n",
-    "print \"total mmf in fabc=\",round(totmmffabc,5),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "totmmfm=totmmffabc+totmmf  #total mmf in magnetic core in AT\n",
-    "print \"totmmfm=\",round(totmmfm,5),\"AT\"\n",
-    "N=500\n",
-    "I=totmmfm/N   #The required current to set up flux in air gap\n",
-    "print \"The total current required to set up flux in air gap is=\",round(I,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.8:Page number-171"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "l1= 0.004 mH\n",
-      "m12= 0.003 mH\n",
-      "l2= 0.006 mH\n",
-      "m21= 0.003 mH\n",
-      "Work done= 7.7 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "r1=3.98*10**6   #reluctance of air gap in AT/Wb and the value is same for r2\n",
-    "r3=5.97*10**6   #reluctance of air gap in AT/Wb\n",
-    "#assume that current of 1A flows through 150 turns coil,for assumed directions of fluxes application of mesh current leads to matrix equations that can be simplified to:\n",
-    "#[flux1 flux2]=[2.36 1.41]*10**-5 Wb\n",
-    "#The self inductance and mutual inductance are obtained as follows:\n",
-    "n1=150 #number of turns\n",
-    "i1=1   #A\n",
-    "flux1=2.36*10**-5  #Wb\n",
-    "l1=(n1*flux1)/i1  #self inductance\n",
-    "print \"l1=\",round(l1,3),\"mH\"\n",
-    "n2=200  #number of turns\n",
-    "flux2=1.41*10**-5\n",
-    "m12=(n2*flux2)/i1  #mutual inductance\n",
-    "print \"m12=\",round(m12,3),\"mH\"\n",
-    "#assume that 1A of current flows through 200 turns coil\n",
-    "#The self inductance of the coil is determined as above using the matrix and the result is as follows\n",
-    "#[flux1 flux2]=[1.89 3.14]*10**-5 Wb\n",
-    "#Hence self and mutual inductance are computed as follows\n",
-    "n2=200 #number of turns\n",
-    "flux2=3.14*10**-5 #Wb\n",
-    "i2=1 #A\n",
-    "l2=(n2*flux2)/i2  #self inductance\n",
-    "print \"l2=\",round(l2,3),\"mH\"\n",
-    "flux1=1.89*10**-5\n",
-    "m21=(n1*flux1)/i2  #mutual inductance\n",
-    "print \"m21=\",round(m21,3),\"mH\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "#When the air gap l3 is closed the reluctance of the limb is zero since the permeability of the magnetic material is infinity.Thus,the limb behaves like short circuit and the entire flux passes through it.Thus,the flux linking 200 turns coil is zero and mutual inductance is zero\n",
-    "#case 3\n",
-    "W=((3.5)/2)+((6.3)/2)+2.8 #work equation in joules\n",
-    "print \"Work done=\",round(W,5),\"J\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.9:Page number-174"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i= 7.85 A\n",
-      "l= 0.20382 H\n",
-      "rair= 3184713.3758 AT/Wb\n",
-      "fair= 6369.42675 AT\n",
-      "total mmf= 12602.60675 AT\n",
-      "L= 0.10157 H\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "B=0.8 #Wb/m**2\n",
-    "A=25*10**-4 #m**2\n",
-    "flux=20*10**-4 #Wb\n",
-    "l=3.14*40*10**-2 #m\n",
-    "f=2000*3.14 #AT\n",
-    "n=800 #number of turns\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "i=f/n  #A exciting current\n",
-    "print \"i=\",round(i,3),\"A\"\n",
-    "l=(n*flux)/i   #self inductance in H\n",
-    "print \"l=\",round(l,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "fluxa=20*10**-4  #Wb\n",
-    "gap=1*10**-2\n",
-    "u1=4*3.14*10**-7\n",
-    "rair=gap/(u1*A) #reluctance of air in AT/Wb\n",
-    "print \"rair=\",round(rair,5),\"AT/Wb\"\n",
-    "fair=rair*flux  #mmf for air gap in AT\n",
-    "print \"fair=\",round(fair,5),\"AT\"\n",
-    "fcore=6233.18 #AT--> 5000*((0.4*3.14)-0.01)=6233.18\n",
-    "totmmf=fcore+fair\n",
-    "print \"total mmf=\",round(totmmf,5),\"AT\"\n",
-    "I=totmmf/n #A exciting current\n",
-    "#self inductance\n",
-    "L=(n*flux)/I\n",
-    "print \"L=\",round(L,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.10:Page number-175"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "lx= 0.01 H\n",
-      "m= 0.015 H\n",
-      "The induced emf in coil Y= 30.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "n=2000 #number of turns\n",
-    "flux=0.05*10**-3 #Wb\n",
-    "i=10 #A\n",
-    "lx=(n*flux)/i   #self inductance in X\n",
-    "print \"lx=\",round(lx,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "#since coils are identical self inductance in Y=self inductance in x\n",
-    "fluxlinkingX=0.75*0.05*10**-3  #Wb flux linking due to current in coil X\n",
-    "fluxlinkingY=2000*0.05*0.75*10**-3  #Wb flux linkages in coil Y\n",
-    "m=fluxlinkingY/5  #mutual inductance\n",
-    "print \"m=\",round(m,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "#The rate of change in current di/dt=2000A/sec --> di/dt=(10-(-10))/0.01\n",
-    "rate=2000\n",
-    "ey=m*rate\n",
-    "print \"The induced emf in coil Y=\",round(ey,0),\"V\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.11:Page number-175"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "k=0.72168\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "#when currents are in same direction the total induction is:\n",
-    "#lt=l1+l2+2m\n",
-    "#when currents are in opposite direction the total emf is:\n",
-    "#lt=l1+l2-2m\n",
-    "#According to this problem\n",
-    "#l1+l2+2m=1.2\n",
-    "#l1+l2-2m=0.2\n",
-    "#Solving the above equations we get l1=0.4H M=0.25H\n",
-    "#on substituting we get l2=0.3H\n",
-    "#k=m/squareroot(l1*l2)\n",
-    "print \"k=0.72168\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.12:Page number-176"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "flux 0.0001 Wb\n",
-      "i 0.3125 A\n",
-      "l= 0.08 H\n",
-      "w= 0.00391 J\n",
-      "796.178343949\n",
-      "exciting current= 6.3 A\n",
-      "l= 0.00397 H\n",
-      "e= 0.07881 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "B=1 #Wb/m**2\n",
-    "A=10**-4 #cm**2\n",
-    "per=800 #permeability\n",
-    "n=250 #number of turns\n",
-    "flux=B*A\n",
-    "print \"flux\",round(flux,5),\"Wb\"\n",
-    "r=781250   #AT/Wb calculated using formula for reluctance\n",
-    "mmf=flux*r #AT\n",
-    "i=mmf/n  #exciting current required in A\n",
-    "print \"i\",round(i,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "l=(n*flux)/i  #self inductance of the coil\n",
-    "print \"l=\",round(l,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "w=(l*i*i)/2  #energy stored\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,5),\"J\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "airgap=1*10**-3   #air gap is assumed \n",
-    "rair=airgap/(u1*A) #reluctance of air gap in AT/Wb\n",
-    "mmfa=flux*rair     #mmf of air in AT\n",
-    "print mmfa\n",
-    "#rcore=((2.5*3.14)-0.1)/(32*3.14*10**-6)  #reluctance of core \n",
-    "#mmfc=flux*rcore\n",
-    "mmfc=780 #AT\n",
-    "F=mmfc+mmfa\n",
-    "I=F/n  #A\n",
-    "print \"exciting current=\",round(I,2),\"A\"\n",
-    "n=250 #number of turns\n",
-    "L=(n*flux)/I   #self inductanc eof coil with air gap \n",
-    "print \"l=\",round(L,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "e=(L*I*I)/2  #energy stored in coil\n",
-    "print \"e=\",round(e,5),\"J\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 3.13:Page number:178"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force= 39808.9172 N\n",
-      "W= 796.17834 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "A=10**-1  #area\n",
-    "flux=0.1 #Wb\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "B=flux/A  #flux density Wb/m**2\n",
-    "u1=4*3.14*10**-7  \n",
-    "F=(B*B*A)/(2*u1) #force in N\n",
-    "print \"force=\",round(F,5),\"N\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "l=10**-2  #length of the air gap\n",
-    "w=(B*B*A*l*2)/(2*u1)   #energy stored in two airgaps, 2=air gaps\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(w,5),\"J\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.5"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter6.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter6.ipynb
index 323d1e29..323d1e29 100755..100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter6.ipynb
+++ b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter6.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter6_xg51MMS.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter6_xg51MMS.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 323d1e29..00000000
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter6_xg51MMS.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,896 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 6:Transformer Principles"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.1:Page number-343"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "bm= 0.7207 Wb/m2\n",
-      "e2= 800.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=50*(10**-4)\n",
-    "e=400\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "n1=500\n",
-    "n2=1000\n",
-    "#phym=bm*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "#e=4.44*f*n*bm*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "bm=(e)/float(4.44*f*n1*a)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"bm=\",format(bm,'.4f'),\"Wb/m2\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e2=4.44*f*n2*bm*a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"e2=\",format(e2,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.2"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "cross sectional area= 0.02065 m2\n",
-      "secondary voltage on no load= 440.0 V\n",
-      "primary magnetising current= 1.133 A\n",
-      "core loss= 366.7 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e=3300\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "n1=600\n",
-    "n2=80\n",
-    "bm=1.2\n",
-    "h=425\n",
-    "l=1.6\n",
-    "density=7400\n",
-    "loss=1.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "phym=e/float(4.44*f*n1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "csa=phym/bm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"cross sectional area=\",format(csa,'.5f'),\"m2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sv=(e*n2)/n1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"secondary voltage on no load=\",format(sv,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "mc=(h*l)/n1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"primary magnetising current=\",format(mc,'.3f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=l*csa\n",
-    "m=v*density\n",
-    "\n",
-    "closs=m*loss\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"core loss=\",format(closs,'.1f'),\"W\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.3:Page number-356"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "0.0333333333333\n",
-      "30\n",
-      "number of turns of high voltage soil= 2640.0\n",
-      "number of turns of high voltage soil= 88.0\n",
-      "primary current as a step down transformer is= 1.515 A\n",
-      "secondary current as a step down transformer is= 45.45 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#as per step up tranformer\n",
-    "v1=220\n",
-    "v2=6600\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "vturn=2.5\n",
-    "kva=10000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=v1/float(v2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#as per step down case b\n",
-    "v1=6600\n",
-    "v2=220\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=v1/v2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#high voltage soil\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=v1/float(vturn)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"number of turns of high voltage soil=\",format(n,'.1f')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#low voltage soil\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n1=v2/float(vturn)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"number of turns of high voltage soil=\",format(n1,'.1f')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=kva/float(v1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"primary current as a step down transformer is=\",format(i,'.3f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case e\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=kva/float(v2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"secondary current as a step down transformer is=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.4:Page number-357"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "turns ratio for impedance machting is 0.25\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "rl=32\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let ratio of sides be a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rs=2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=(2/float(32))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=a**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"turns ratio for impedance machting is\",format(p,'.2f')"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.5:Page number-364"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "n1=2200\n",
-    "n2=220\n",
-    "kva=100\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "r1=0.75\n",
-    "r2=0.0007\n",
-    "x2=0.0009\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#subcase 1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#lv side leakage impedance=r2+jx2-->complex number\n",
-    "#hv side leakage impedance=r1+jx1\n",
-    "#hv side impedance referred to lv side is r1'+jx1'=(r1+jx1)/a**2=(0.0075+j0.0115)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#shunt branch resistance referred to lv side gc-jbm=(0.0035-j0.025)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The equivqlent circuit is shown in the diagram\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#subcase 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#lv side impedance referred to hv side is r2'+jx2'=a**2*(r2+jx2)=(0.70+j0.90)ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the magnetising admittance refferred to hv side (gc-jbm)/a**2=(0.000035-j0.00025)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the equivalent circuit is as in figure\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#for an approximate equivalent circuit the magnetised admittance is neglected from the exact circuit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#subcase 1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#equivalent impedance referred to lv side (r2+r1')+j(x2+x1')=(0.0145+j0.0205)ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#equivalent circuit is shown in figure\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#subcase 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#equivalent impedance referred to hv side is (r1+r2')+j(x1+x2')=(1.45+j2.05)ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#equivalent circuit is shown in figure\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.6:Page number-369"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 17,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 0.0050 S\n",
-      "gc= 0.0025 S\n",
-      "bm= 0.0043 S\n",
-      "req= 0.8500 ohm\n",
-      "zeq= 1.5000 ohm\n",
-      "xeq= 1.2359 ohm\n",
-      "req1= 0.2125 ohm\n",
-      "xeq1= 0.3090 ohm\n",
-      "zeq1= 0.3750 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from oc test data shunt admittances are determined as follows\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "v1=200\n",
-    "i0=1\n",
-    "pc=100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "yc=i0/float(v1)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"yc=\",format(yc,'.4f'),\"S\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gc=pc/float(v1**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"gc=\",format(gc,'.4f'),\"S\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "bm=(((0.005**2)-(0.0025**2))**0.5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"bm=\",format(bm,'.4f'),\"S\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from sc test data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=85\n",
-    "isc=10\n",
-    "vsc=15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "req=p/float(isc**2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"req=\",format(req,'.4f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zeq=vsc/float(isc)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"zeq=\",format(zeq,'.4f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xeq=(((zeq**2)-(req**2))**0.5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"xeq=\",format(xeq,'.4f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#equivalent impedance parameters referred to lv side\n",
-    "\n",
-    "re=(a**2)*req\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"req1=\",format(re,'.4f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "xe=(a**2)*xeq\n",
-    "print \"xeq1=\",format(xe,'.4f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ze=(a**2)*zeq\n",
-    "print \"zeq1=\",format(ze,'.4f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#equivalent circuit referred to lv side is as shown"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.7:Page number-373"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 19,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "yc= 0.0035 S\n",
-      "gc= 0.0015 S\n",
-      "bm= 0.0032 S\n",
-      "req= 0.6000 ohm\n",
-      "zeq= 1.5000 ohm\n",
-      "xeq= 1.3748 ohm\n",
-      "req1= 0.1500 ohm\n",
-      "xeq1= 0.3437 ohm\n",
-      "97.0873786408\n",
-      "v2= 394.0 V\n",
-      "v2= 386.95 v\n",
-      "v2= 403.45 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "-"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.8:Page number-376"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "n=((10xScos(angle))/(10xScos(angle)+pc+0.0001x2Pcu))\n"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "data": {
-      "image/png": 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h3waipkdxZqUzWT1wNQ2rN3Q7JGOMj1in8mkkJFtCAMjSLP637H90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\nEIwxxgCWEIwxxnhYQjDGGAPA/wMqL97FjXaK2wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
-      "text/plain": [
-       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f42d136e490>"
-      ]
-     },
-     "metadata": {},
-     "output_type": "display_data"
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#transformer output=0.01x1000cos(angle)W\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#loss=10xScos(angle)\n",
-    "#transformer efficiency n=(10xScos(angle)/(10xScos(angle)+pc+0.0001x2Pcu))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"n=((10xScos(angle))/(10xScos(angle)+pc+0.0001x2Pcu))\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "%matplotlib inline\n",
-    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x1=20.5\n",
-    "x2=30\n",
-    "x3=40\n",
-    "x4=50\n",
-    "x5=60.5\n",
-    "x6=70\n",
-    "x7=80\n",
-    "x8=90\n",
-    "x9=100\n",
-    "x10=110\n",
-    "y1=94.3\n",
-    "y2=95\n",
-    "y3=96\n",
-    "y4=96.5\n",
-    "y5=96.8\n",
-    "y6=96.9\n",
-    "y7=97\n",
-    "y8=97\n",
-    "y9=97\n",
-    "y10=97\n",
-    "plt.plot([x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6,x7,x8,x9,x10],[y1,y2,y3,y4,y5,y6,y7,y8,y9,y10],marker='o',color='b',label='0.65')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p1=120.5\n",
-    "p2=30\n",
-    "p3=40\n",
-    "p4=50\n",
-    "p5=70\n",
-    "p6=80\n",
-    "p7=90\n",
-    "p8=100\n",
-    "p9=110\n",
-    "q1=95.3\n",
-    "q2=86\n",
-    "q3=96.7\n",
-    "q4=97.2\n",
-    "q5=97.5\n",
-    "q6=97.5\n",
-    "q7=97.5\n",
-    "q8=97.5\n",
-    "q9=97.5\n",
-    "plt.plot([p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,p7,p8,p9],[q1,q2,q3,q4,q5,q6,q7,q8,q9],marker='o',color='g',label='0.8')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "x2=[20.5,30,40,50,70,80,90,100,110]\n",
-    "y2=[96.2,96.6,97.4,97.6,98,98,98,98,98]\n",
-    "plt.plot(x2,y2,label='pf=1')\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "plt.xlabel('% of full load')\n",
-    "plt.ylabel('% efficiency')\n",
-    "plt.legend()\n",
-    "plt.show()\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.10:Page number-378\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "15306.122449\n",
-      "306.12244898\n",
-      "0.971216989926\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#at unity power factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "op=15000\n",
-    "n=0.98\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=op/float(n)\n",
-    "print i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "loss=i-op\n",
-    "print loss\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pc=float(loss)/2000 #actually division by 2 but value given only to make pc 0.153 instead of 153\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=pc*24 #iron loss in a day\n",
-    "\n",
-    "toteng=20+96+108 #sum of energy outputs\n",
-    "\n",
-    "engloss=0.109+1.224+1.632 #sum of energy losses\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=toteng/float(engloss+toteng+t)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.11:Page number-381"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "0.9726443769\n",
-      "30\n",
-      "0.990625\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kva=10000\n",
-    "pf=0.8\n",
-    "iloss=75\n",
-    "closs=150\n",
-    "a=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "po=kva*pf\n",
-    "loss=75+150\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=po/float(po+loss)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i2=(10*1000)/(200)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i1=i2+((10*1000)/400)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kvar=(600*50)/1000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print kvar\n",
-    "\n",
-    "po=30*0.8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=1-(0.225/24)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.12:Page number-382"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 22,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "sat= 180.0 Kva\n",
-      "sat= 900.0 kva\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case 1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#2300 winding used as secondary\n",
-    "#given and derived\n",
-    "\n",
-    "st=150\n",
-    "v1=13800\n",
-    "v2=2300\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=(v1-v2)/v2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "b=a+1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sat=(6*150)/5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sat=\",format(sat,'.1f'),\"Kva\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v1=13.8\n",
-    "v2=11.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=(v1-v2)/v2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sat=((1+a)/a)*150\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"sat=\",format(sat,'.1f'),\"kva\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.13:Page number-391"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "v2l= 440.0 V\n",
-      "i2p= 86.6 A\n",
-      "i2l= 150.0 A\n",
-      "v2p= 254.0 V\n",
-      "v2l= 440.0 V\n",
-      "i2p=i2l= 150.0 A\n",
-      "v2p= 440.0 V\n",
-      "v2l= 762.1 V\n",
-      "i2p= 86.6 A\n",
-      "v2p= 254.0 V\n",
-      "i2p= 150.0 A\n",
-      "i2l= 259.8 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given and 1.732 is the value of root 3\n",
-    "v=6600\n",
-    "i=10\n",
-    "n=15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v2l=v/n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v2l=\",format(v2l,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i1p=10/1.732\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i2p=i1p*n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i2p=\",format(i2p,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i2l=n*i1p*1.732\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i2l=\",format(i2l,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v2p=v/(n*1.732)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v2p=\",format(v2p,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v2l=v2p*1.732\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v2l=\",format(v2l,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i2l=i2p=n*i\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i2p=i2l=\",format(i2p,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v2p=v/n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v2p=\",format(v2p,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v2l=(v*1.732)/n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v2l=\",format(v2l,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i1p=i/1.732\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i2p=i2l=(n*i1p)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i2p=\",format(i2p,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v1p=v/1.732\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v2p=v2l=v/(n*1.732)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"v2p=\",format(v2p,'.1f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i1p=10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i2p=i1p*n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i2p=\",format(i2p,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i2l=i2p*1.732\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i2l=\",format(i2l,'.1f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 6.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "ihv= 3.69402 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "hp=75\n",
-    "v=415\n",
-    "n=0.9\n",
-    "pf=0.85\n",
-    "\n",
-    "op=75*746 #since its horse power\n",
-    "ip=op/n\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ilv=ip/(1.732*v*pf) #line current on low voltage start side\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=(6600*1.732)/415 #given in question\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ihv=ilv/a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ihv=\",format(ihv,'.5f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter7.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter7.ipynb
index 3a143961..3a143961 100755..100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter7.ipynb
+++ b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter7.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter7_sTn1O6Y.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter7_sTn1O6Y.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3a143961..00000000
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter7_sTn1O6Y.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,660 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 7:Synchronous Machines"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7.1:Page number-412"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "n= 3000.0 rpm\n",
-      "D= 0.764 m\n",
-      "output of the alternator= 3505.213 KVA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=150\n",
-    "p=2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume the diameter of the stator bore is d meter\n",
-    "n=120*50/2  #where n is rotor speed\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"n=\",round(n,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pi=3.14\n",
-    "d=(120*60)/(pi*3000)  \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"D=\",round(d,3),\"m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k=2\n",
-    "l=1\n",
-    "o=k*d**2*n*l\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"output of the alternator=\",round(o,3),\"KVA\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7.2:Page number-423 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The total number of cycles the clock should perform in 24 hours for correct time is= 4320000.0\n",
-      "The number of cycles clock performs from 8am to 7pm is= 1977120.0\n",
-      "The desired average frequency for correct time for remaining 13 hours is= 50.06154\n",
-      "s= 0.8\n",
-      "time= 57.6\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The total number of cycles the clock should perform in 24 hours for correct time is\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t=24*60*60*50\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The total number of cycles the clock should perform in 24 hours for correct time is=\",round(t,0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The number of cycles the clock performs from 8am to 7pm is\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=(6*49.95+5*49.90)*60*60\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The number of cycles clock performs from 8am to 7pm is=\",round(n,0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the number of cycles required in remaining 13 hours is t-n that is 2342.88*10**3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=(2342.88*10**3)/(13*60*60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The desired average frequency for correct time for remaining 13 hours is=\",round(a,5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The shortfall in number of cycles from 8am to 7pm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s=0.05*6+0.10*5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"s=\",round(s,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The time by which the clock is incorrect at 7pm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "time=(0.8*60*60)/50\n",
-    " \n",
-    "print \"time=\",round(time,5)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7.3:Page number-423"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency= 50.0 Hz\n",
-      "Phase emf= 2301.696 v\n",
-      "The line voltage is= 3986.654 v\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=500 #speed to rotation\n",
-    "p=12  #poles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=n*p/120  #frequency\n",
-    "print \"frequency=\",round(f,0),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "    \n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kp=1  #kp is the winding at full pitch\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#kd is the distribution factor where kd=sin[mk/2]/msin(k/2) where k is a gama function\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#m=108/12*3\n",
-    "m=3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#gama or k=180/slots per pole=9 k=20\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#after substituting above values in kd we get kd=0.96\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#z=108*12/3 = 432\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ep=2.22*1*0.96*432*50*50*10**-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Phase emf=\",round(ep,3),\"v\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vl=3**0.5*ep\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The line voltage is=\",round(vl,3),\"v\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7.4:Page number-424"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "n= 600.0 rpm\n",
-      "phase emf= 1864.44569 v\n",
-      "the line voltage= 3229.315 v\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=50 #frequency\n",
-    "p=10 #number of poles\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "n=120*f/p\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"n=\",round(n,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the pitch factor kp=0.966\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#m=2 and gama=180/slots per pole and it is obtained as 30\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#kd=sin[(mgama)/2]/msin(gama/2)=0.966\n",
-    "\n",
-    "z=6*2*10\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ep=z*2.22*0.966*0.966*50*0.15\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"phase emf=\",round(ep,5),\"v\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "el=3**0.5*ep\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"the line voltage=\",round(el,3),\"v\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7.5:Page number-436"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "5.44650074006\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vt=1905.26 #at angle 0\n",
-    "angle=36.87\n",
-    "ia=43.74 #at angle -36.87\n",
-    "zs=3.51  #at angle 85.91\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#e=vt+ia*zs\n",
-    "#(1905.26+43.74*3.51angle(85.91-36.87))\n",
-    "#1905.26+153.35angle(49.04)\n",
-    "#1905.26+153.35*(0.6558+j0.7551)\n",
-    "#=2009.03 angle(3.31)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=((2009.03-1905.26)/1905.26)*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print p\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7.6:Page number-439"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "4.46227272727\n",
-      "-9.335\n",
-      "17.7059090909\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zs=4 # at angle 84.26\n",
-    "xs=3.98\n",
-    "impangle=84.26\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#vt=2200+j0\n",
-    "#ia=120\n",
-    "#e=vt+ia*zs\n",
-    "#on substituting and calculating we get the value of e as 2298.17 at 12 degrees\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=((2298.17-2200)/2200)*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print p\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#performing same functions as above for pf leading 0.8 we get e=1994.63 at 12 degrees\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=((1994.63-2200)/2200)*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print p\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#same as above but pf lags by 0.707 and on calculating generates e as 2589.53\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=((2589.53-2200)/2200)*100\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print p\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7.7:Page number-444"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "load voltage= 209.4847 v\n",
-      "the load current is 20.95 at angle -38.65\n",
-      "The output of generator1= 2094.4 VA\n",
-      "The output of generator2= 2514.6 VA\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#From the circuit diagram of the figure we can obtain tha following equations based on which the problems are solved\n",
-    "#eqn 1..........vl=(i1+i2)*zl....the load voltage\n",
-    "#eqn 2..........vl=e1-i1*z1=e2-i2*z2\n",
-    "#eqn 3..........i1=(e1-vl)*y1 and i2=(e2-vl)*y2\n",
-    "#eqn 4..........vl=(e1*y1+e2+y2)/(y1+y2+yl)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#load voltage case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#vl=209.26-j*9.7 in x+iy form and angle is calculated \n",
-    "\n",
-    "vl=(209.26**2+9.7**2)**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"load voltage=\",round(vl,5),\"v\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#using eqn 3 the following generator currents are generated\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i1=7.45-j5.92 for which i1=9.52 at angle -38.45 is generated\n",
-    "#i2=8.91-j7.17 for which i2=11.43 at angle -38.83 is generated\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the load current il=i1+i2 is obtained as 20.95 at angle -38.65\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"the load current is 20.95 at angle -38.65\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "g1=220*9.52\n",
-    "g2=220*11.43\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The output of generator1=\",round(g1,3),\"VA\"\n",
-    "print \"The output of generator2=\",round(g2,4),\"VA\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7.8:Page number-446"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "E= 6600.12121 V\n",
-      "The power angle=13.63\n",
-      "Armature current= 295.18199 A\n",
-      "power factor=0.68\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case 1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=6600  #voltage\n",
-    "ir=200  #armature current\n",
-    "xs=8   #reactance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e=(v**2+(ir*xs))**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"E=\",round(e,5),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from triangle in the firgure the power angle is obtained as 13.63\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The power angle=13.63\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#due to excitation we obtain ix=217.10A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case 3\n",
-    "ix=217.10\n",
-    "i=((ir**2+ix**2))**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Armature current=\",round(i,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case 4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#power factor cos(angle)=ir/i=0.68\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power factor=0.68\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7.9:Page number-447"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "armature current= 356.6275 A\n",
-      "power factor= 0.84121\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#this problem has few notations and values taken from problem above\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the generator output becomes 1.5*6600*200\n",
-    "\n",
-    "o=1980 #generator output\n",
-    "#the power angle is obtaimed as 16.42\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#applying cosine to the triangle in the problem gives ixs=2853.02\n",
-    "#hence armature current is\n",
-    "i=2853.02/8\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"armature current=\",round(i,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pf=1980000/(6600*356.63) #power factor=o/(V*I)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power factor=\",round(pf,5)\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7.10:Page number-454"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Power supplied to the motor is= 467500.0 kW\n",
-      "emf induced=5744.08 at angle -10.39\n",
-      "emf induced=7051.44 at angle -8.88\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vl=11000\n",
-    "il=50\n",
-    "pf=0.85 #powerfactor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=vl*il*pf\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Power supplied to the motor is=\",round(p,5),\"kW\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vt=6350.85 #at angle 0 \n",
-    "zs=25.02 #at angle 0\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#subcase 1 powerfactor at 0.85 lag\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#e=vt-ia*zs\n",
-    "#e=6350.85-50(at angle -31.79)*25.02(at angle 87.71)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#substituting and solving as in x+iy form we get 5744.08 at angle -10.39 as the value of e\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"emf induced=5744.08 at angle -10.39\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#subcase 2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#for a 0.85 lead same process as above is followed except angles are considered positive due to lead\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"emf induced=7051.44 at angle -8.88\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 7.11:Page number-455"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "input KVA to the motor is= 15.069\n",
-      "the power factor=0.70\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given and calculted using regular formulas\n",
-    "\n",
-    "p=14.38\n",
-    "q=10.78 #reactive power component \n",
-    "\n",
-    "pm=8.95 #mechanical load driven by motor \n",
-    "#In order to make pf of the circuit load to improve to unity the motor must supply power to the circuit equalling q\n",
-    "#hence total input power s to the motor maybe written as s=(pm/n)+jQ\n",
-    "#on sustituting values we get s=10.53+j10.78 KVA\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=((10.53**2+10.78**2)**0.5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"input KVA to the motor is=\",round(i,3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from the triangle the angle is obtained as 45.67\n",
-    "#hence the power factor is cos(45.67)=0.70\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"the power factor=0.70\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter8.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter8.ipynb
index 8664275c..8664275c 100755..100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter8.ipynb
+++ b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter8_wAsDeY9.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter8_wAsDeY9.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 8664275c..00000000
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter8_wAsDeY9.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,934 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 8:Induction motors"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.1:Page number-474"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "synchronous speed= 1500.0 rpm\n",
-      "rotor speed= 1455.0 rpm\n",
-      "rotor frequency= 0.0 Hz\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "p=4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s=(120*f)/p #synchronous speed\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"synchronous speed=\",round(s,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "slip=0.03\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=s-s*slip #rotor speed\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rotor speed=\",round(r,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=900 #given speed of rotor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "slip=(s-r)/s #per unit slip\n",
-    "rf=slip*f\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rotor frequency=\",round(rf,0),\"Hz\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.2:Page number-475"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "frequency= 60.0 Hz\n",
-      "The number of poles of an induction motor is= 6.0\n",
-      "slip=0.025pu\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pg=10 #poles of generator\n",
-    "r=720 #synchronous speed\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=pg*r/120\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"frequency=\",round(f,0),\"Hz\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#it has been shown that synchronous motor runs at a speed lower than the synchronous speed.The nearest synchronous speed possible in present case is 1200\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=1200 #synchronous speed possible for present case\n",
-    "pi=120*f/r #poles of the induction motor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The number of poles of an induction motor is=\",round(pi,0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=1170  #load speed\n",
-    "slip=(1200-n)/1200 #calculated as 0.025\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"slip=0.025pu\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.3:Page number-479 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The distribution factor=0.96\n",
-      "0.9408\n",
-      "flux in the air gap= 0.019 Wb\n",
-      "1.0\n",
-      "the induced rotor voltage per phase is= 159.73357 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "ns=1000\n",
-    "#m=90/6*3\n",
-    "m=5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#angle is obtained as 12\n",
-    "#x=12\n",
-    "#angle=(m*x)/2\n",
-    "#x=30 #assuming for convinience\n",
-    "#a=math.degrees(30)\n",
-    "#b=math.radians(a)\n",
-    "#c=math.sin(b)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#y=x/2\n",
-    "#y=6 #assuming for convinience\n",
-    "#d=math.degrees(y)\n",
-    "#e=math.radians(c)\n",
-    "#g=math.sin(e)\n",
-    "#kd=c/(5*g)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kd=0.96\n",
-    "#after calculations\n",
-    "print \"The distribution factor=0.96\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kp=0.98 #pitch factor=cos(20/2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kw=kd*kp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print kw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t1=(90*4)/(3*2) #number of turns per stator phase\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e1=415\n",
-    "flux=415/((3**0.5)*4.44*0.94*50*60)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"flux in the air gap=\",round(flux,3),\"Wb\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "t2=(120*2)/(3*2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=t1/t2 #transformation ratio\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print round(a,5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#e2=e1/a #the induced rotor voltage per phase\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e2=415/((3**0.5)*1.5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"the induced rotor voltage per phase is=\",round(e2,5),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.4 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "At stand still the rotor current is=3.23A at angle -63.43\n",
-      "the rotor current running at a slip of 4% with the rotor short circuited is=0.81 at angle -69.44A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "s=1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "#the rotor circuit impedance=6+j12 obtained from (0.75+5.25)+j(5+7) as rotor resistance and reactance are 0.5 and 0.75\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#rotor current=e2/z2=3.23 at angle -63.43\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"At stand still the rotor current is=3.23A at angle -63.43\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s=0.04\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#z2=(0.75+j*0.04*5)ohm \n",
-    "#again e2=s*e2/z2=0.81 at angle -69.44A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"the rotor current running at a slip of 4% with the rotor short circuited is=0.81 at angle -69.44A\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.5:Page number-482"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "synchronous speed= 1000.0 rpm\n",
-      "s=0.025\n",
-      "power factor of the supply=0.92\n",
-      "9\n",
-      "output of the rotor= 9.0 HP\n",
-      "efficiency= 86.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "p=6\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "pc=1000\n",
-    "ml=600\n",
-    "n=975 \n",
-    "\n",
-    "ns=(120*50)/p\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"synchronous speed=\",round(ns,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#s=(ns-n)/ns\n",
-    "s=0.025\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"s=0.025\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the rotor impedance referred to the stator side z2=(2+j0/15)ohm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assuming the per phase supply voltage as the reference phasor it is seen that the stator load current is,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i1=(114.43-j16.75)ohm which can be written 115.65 at angle -8.33 \n",
-    "# the current drawn from supply is given by 124.38 at angle -23.07\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#power factor of the supply=cos(-23.07)=0.92\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"power factor of the supply=0.92\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#power input to the motor=(3*415*124.38*0.92)/(3**0.5)=8225 w\n",
-    "#the input power to the rotor is given by pag=pi-3*i1*i1*0.05-pc=78.93 KW\n",
-    "pag=78.93\n",
-    "#the gross mechanical power output\n",
-    "#pm=(1-s)*pag\n",
-    "pm=7696\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ml=600 #mechanical loss\n",
-    "o=(pm-ml)/746\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"output of the rotor=\",round(o,5),\"HP\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=(pm-ml)*100/8225\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"efficiency=\",round(n,2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#NOTE: The values given in text are calculated wrongly"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.6:Page number-483"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "synchrous speed=0.04pu\n",
-      "rotor speed= 960.0 rpm\n",
-      "mechanical power developed= 72.0 KW\n",
-      "r= 1.0 KW\n",
-      "r2= 0.278 Ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a slip\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "p=6\n",
-    "ns=(120*f)/p\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#rotor frequency fr=120/60=2 Hz\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fr=2\n",
-    "#s=fr/f=2/50=0.04\n",
-    "s=0.04\n",
-    "print \"synchrous speed=0.04pu\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b rotor speed\n",
-    "\n",
-    "N=(1-s)*ns\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rotor speed=\",round(N,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c mechanical power developed \n",
-    "#pag=5/3=25Kw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pag=25\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pm=3*pag*(1-s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"mechanical power developed=\",round(pm,0),\"KW\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d the rotor resistance loss per phase\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=s*pag\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"r=\",round(r,0),\"KW\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case e rotor resistance per phase if rotor current is 60A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i2 and r2 are rotor current and resistance respectively\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#i2**2*r2=1000\n",
-    "#r2=1000/(60*60)\n",
-    "r2=0.277777\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"r2=\",format(r2, '.3f'),\"Ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.7:Page number-484"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "slip= 0.0415\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "po=60\n",
-    "e=(3*0.88)\n",
-    "pi=po/e\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#where pi is power input and po is power otuput and e is the efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#let the iron loss per phase be X kw. Then mechanical loss=0.25X kw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#stator resistance loss per phase=rotor resistance loss per phase=X kw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#air gap per phase pag=input-(iron loss+stator resistance loss+rotor resistance loss)=22.727-3X\n",
-    "#but pag=20+0.25X\n",
-    "#on equaling the two 22.727-3X=20+0.25X we get the value of x=0.839kw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the value of pag can be found after substituting x is 20.21\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pag=20.21\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rl=0.839 #rotor resistance loss\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s=rl/pag #slip\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"slip=\",format(s,'.4f')\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.8:Page number-484"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "1500\n",
-      "slip= 0.0400 pu\n",
-      "rotor resistance loss= 1.083 kw\n",
-      "total input= 28.833 kw\n",
-      "86.7052023121\n",
-      "line current= 44.51 A\n",
-      "The number of complete cycles of the rotor emf per minute is=  120.0\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a slip\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=50\n",
-    "p=4\n",
-    "ns=(120*f)/p #synchronous speed\n",
-    "print ns\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=1440\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s=(1500-1440)/float(1500)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"slip=\",format(s,'.4f'),\"pu\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b rotor resistance loss\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pd=25 #power developed\n",
-    "ml=1 #mechanical losses\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pm=pd+ml #The total mechanical power developed\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pag=pm/(1-s)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rl=s*pag\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rotor resistance loss=\",format(rl,'.3f'),\"kw\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c the total input if stator losses are 1.75 kw\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sl=1.75 #stator loss\n",
-    "ti=pag+sl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"total input=\",format(ti,'.3f'), \"kw\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d efficiency\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e=(pd*100)/ti\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print e\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case e line current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pf=0.85 #power factor\n",
-    "e1=440\n",
-    "l=(ti*1000)/((3**0.5)*e1*pf)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"line current=\",format(l,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case f\n",
-    "fr=s*f\n",
-    "n=fr*60\n",
-    "print \"The number of complete cycles of the rotor emf per minute is= \",round(n,0)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.9:Page number-488"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque=51.14Nm\n",
-      "horse power at full load= 6.99 hp\n",
-      "max torque=102.71Nm\n",
-      "speed= 850.0 rpm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ns=1000 #synchronous speed calculated using similar formulas as above\n",
-    "N=960 #speed of the motor at full load\n",
-    "s=0.04 #slip\n",
-    "r2=0.15\n",
-    "a=1.5\n",
-    "x2=1\n",
-    "rres=r2*a**2\n",
-    "rrea=x2*a**2\n",
-    "e2=220/(3**0.5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a torque at full load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#tfl=((3*s*rres)*(e2**2)*60)/(2*3.14*1000)*((rres**2)+((s*rrea)**2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"torque=51.14Nm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b metric hp developed at full load\n",
-    "\n",
-    "hpfl=(2*3.14*960*51.14)/(60*735.5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"horse power at full load=\",format(hpfl,'.2f'),\"hp\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c maximum torque\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#s=r2/x2\n",
-    "s=0.15\n",
-    "#tmax=(3*0.15*(220**2)*0.34*60)/(3*2*3.14*1000)*((0.34**2)+((0.15*2.25)**2))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"max torque=102.71Nm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d speed at max torque\n",
-    "\n",
-    "speed=(1-0.15)*1000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"speed=\",round(speed,0),\"rpm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.11:Page number-492"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "(8.6+8j)\n",
-      "rotor resistance per phase=3.685\n",
-      "ir=3.22 at angle -26.56\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zr=complex(0.6,6) #impendance of rotor\n",
-    "zrh=complex(8,2)  #impedance of rheostat\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s=1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "total=zr+zrh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print total\n",
-    "v=75/(3**0.5)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#rc=v/11.75(angle(42.93)) #rotor current per phase\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rotor resistance per phase=3.685\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "slip=0.05\n",
-    "\n",
-    "zr=complex(0.6,0.3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#ir=(s*v)/0.671(angle(26.56))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"ir=3.22 at angle -26.56\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.12:Page number-492"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "t=65.41Nm\n",
-      "output= 13.40 hp\n",
-      "tmax= 838.771 Nm\n",
-      "speed= 1375.0 rpm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a total torque\n",
-    "#rotor phase voltage at standstill=400/2.25*3**0.5 =102.64v\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ns=1500 #calculated using formula as above\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e2=102.64\n",
-    "r2=0.1\n",
-    "s=0.04\n",
-    "x2=1.2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#t=(3*60*(e2**2)*(r2/s))/(2*3.14*1500*((0.1/0.04)**2)+(1.2)**2)\n",
-    "t=65.41\n",
-    "print \"t=65.41Nm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "N=1440 #calculated using same formula as above\n",
-    "\n",
-    "o=(2*3.14*N*t)/60\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#1 metric hp=735.5hp\n",
-    "output=o/735.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"output=\",format(output,'.2f'),\"hp\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#condition for maximum torque is given by x2=r2/s\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tmax=(3*e2**2)/(5*3.14*2*1.2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"tmax=\",format(tmax,'.3f'),\"Nm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "s=r2/x2  #for max torque\n",
-    "\n",
-    "speed=(1-s)*1500\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"speed=\",round(speed,0),\"rpm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.13:Page number-498"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "tst=1.25*tfl\n",
-      "tst=0.4166*tfl\n",
-      "tst=0.2*tfl\n",
-      "tst=0.2*tfl\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#direct online starter case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#ist=isc=5*ifl  #where ist is starting current and isc is short circuit current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#tst/tfl=(ist/ifl)**2-->substitute the above equation of ist here where ifl cancels out in numerator and denominator\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#tst=1.25*tfl #tst is starting torque\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"tst=1.25*tfl\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b delta starter\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#ist=(1/sqrt(3))*isc\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#isc=(5*ifl)/sqrt(3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#performing same calculation as above we get tst=0.4166*tfl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"tst=0.4166*tfl\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c auto transformer starter\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#ist=2*ifl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#tst/tfl=(2/1)**2*0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"tst=0.2*tfl\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#with a rotor resistance starter the effect is same as that of auto transformer starter since in both cases the starting current is reduce to twice the full load current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"tst=0.2*tfl\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "1.08160417592\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "isc=150 #short circuit current\n",
-    "iscp=25/1.732 #isc per phase where 1.732 is the value of root 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pv=415/1.732 #per phase voltage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ist=(iscp*pv)/150\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ifl=(15*735.5)/((415*0.9*0.8*(3**0.5)))\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ratio=ist/ifl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print ratio\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 8.15:Page number-499"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The starting torque=50.62% of the full load torque\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume that voltage applied to the motor is reduced by magnitude of a\n",
-    "#from the given condition of operation the starting current is ist=4.5*ifl           -->1\n",
-    "#with the reduced voltage applied to the stator the starting current is limited to ist/a A\n",
-    "#this reduced starting current when transformed to the primary side is further reduced to ist/(a**2) A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#the given condition that the starting current should not increase beyond 2.25 ifl leads to ist/(a**2)=2.25*ifl -->2\n",
-    "#substitute 1 in 2\n",
-    "#we get,\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=1.41\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#motor input current=ist/a=4.5*ifl/1.41=3.18ifl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#tst/tfl=(((3.18*ifl)/ifl)**2)&sfl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The starting torque=50.62% of the full load torque\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter9.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter9.ipynb
index 09344739..9c13416d 100755..100644
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter9.ipynb
@@ -38,54 +38,37 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "e=600\n",
     "p=6\n",
     "n=1500\n",
     "z=200\n",
     "a=2\n",
-    "\n",
     "#since e=(phy*n*p*z)/(60*a)\n",
-    "\n",
     "phy=(e*60*a)/(n*p*z)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"phy=0.04\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "phy=0.05\n",
     "p=8\n",
     "n=500\n",
     "z=800\n",
     "a=8\n",
     "p=8\n",
-    "\n",
     "e=(phy*p*n*z)/(60*a)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"e=\",format(e,'.3f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
     "e=400\n",
     "a=2\n",
-    "\n",
     "n=(e*60*a)/(phy*p*z)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"n=\",format(n,'.1f'),\"rpm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
     "phy=0.05\n",
     "p=4\n",
     "n=800\n",
     "z=600\n",
     "a=4\n",
     "p=4\n",
-    "\n",
     "e=(phy*n*p*z)/(60*a)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"e=\",format(e,'.2f'),\"V\""
    ]
   },
@@ -114,7 +97,6 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "d=0.2\n",
     "l=0.25\n",
     "p=6\n",
@@ -123,23 +105,14 @@
     "n=800\n",
     "a=2\n",
     "ld=50\n",
-    "\n",
     "phy=0.045 #flux per pole=0.9*0.2*0.25\n",
-    "\n",
     "e=(phy*p*n*z)/(60*a)\n",
-    "\n",
     "ia=e/ld\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "t=(60*e*ia)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"torque=\",format(t,'.2f'),\"Nm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "po=e*ia\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"power output=\",format(po,'.2f'),\"W\""
    ]
   },
@@ -171,42 +144,26 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "ia=125 #armature current\n",
     "ra=0.15\n",
     "v=200\n",
-    "\n",
     "e=v+ia*ra\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"e=\",format(e,'.2f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "n=500\n",
     "t=(60*e*ia)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"the developer generated torque=\",format(t,'.2f'),\"Nm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
     "pi=(e*ia)+((ia**2)*ra)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"power input=\",format(pi,'.2f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
     "e=183.75 #voltage generated at 420 rpm \n",
     "ia=108.33 #since generated voltage is less than bus voltage the generator draws current from bus and functions as motor\n",
     "#therefore,ia is the current when generator is functioning as motor\n",
-    "\n",
     "powip=v*ia\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"power input=\",format(powip,'.2f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "powop=(e*ia)-((ia**2)*ra)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"power output=\",format(powop,'.2f'),\"W\""
    ]
   },
@@ -235,28 +192,18 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
-    "\n",
     "i=250\n",
     "v=125\n",
-    "\n",
     "rl=v/i #load resistance\n",
-    "\n",
     "gemf=125+200*0.05+1.5\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"generated emf=\",format(gemf,'.2f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "e=(136.5*1200)/1500 #generated emf at 1200rpm\n",
-    "\n",
     "#let v be the terminal voltage at 1200rpm\n",
     "#then armature current ia=v/rl\n",
     "#substituting all values in v=e-ia*ra-(voltage drop across the brushes)=97.91\n",
-    "\n",
     "v=97.91\n",
-    "\n",
     "i=v*2 #where rl=0.5 in the denominator is written as 2 \n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"current=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"A\""
    ]
   },
@@ -285,22 +232,15 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
     "#the external characteristic of the generator,the combined armature and series field resistance is given by ra+rs\n",
-    "\n",
     "r=0.375 #ra+rs\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
     "i=150\n",
-    "\n",
     "#-0.375+0.4=0.025 the voltage drop\n",
     "vab=0.025*150\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"when i=150 the voltage drop between points a and b is=\",format(vab,'.2f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "vab=0.025*45\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"when i=45 the voltage drop between points a and b is=\",format(vab,'.2f'),\"V\""
    ]
   },
@@ -329,26 +269,18 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
-    "\n",
     "v=250\n",
     "e=230\n",
     "ia=250\n",
     "If=2.5\n",
     "il=247.5\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "po=v*il\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"power input=\",format(po,'.2f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "n=800\n",
     "t=(60*e*il)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"The input torque=\",format(t,'.2f'),\"Nm\""
    ]
   },
@@ -377,26 +309,18 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#shunt field current\n",
-    "\n",
     "ish=400/220 #from circuit diagram\n",
-    "\n",
     "#armature current\n",
-    "\n",
     "i=50\n",
     "ia=i+ish\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"armature current=\",format(ia,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#armature voltage\n",
-    "\n",
     "voldrop=3\n",
     "ra=0.04\n",
     "rs=0.02\n",
     "v=400\n",
     "e=v+ia*(ra+rs)+voldrop\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"armature voltage=\",format(e,'.2f'),\"V\""
    ]
   },
@@ -425,43 +349,29 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
-    "\n",
     "i=35\n",
     "v=220\n",
     "ra=0.15\n",
     "n1=1600\n",
-    "\n",
     "#when motor is running at 1200rpm the back emf eb1 is given by eb1=v-(35*0.15)\n",
     "eb1=214.75\n",
-    "\n",
     "#flux phy1 is proportional to armature current ia.Thus, at ia1=35 and ia2=15 n is proportional to eb/phy\n",
-    "\n",
     "#2=(eb2*phy1)/(phy2*eb1)\n",
     "#therefore\n",
     "eb2=184.07\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "#resistance to be connected in series is rse ohm\n",
     "ia2=15\n",
     "rse=((v-eb2)/ia2)-ra\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "eb2=0.5*1.15*214.75\n",
-    "\n",
     "ia2=50\n",
     "rse=((v-eb2)/ia2)-ra\n",
-    "\n",
     "phy1=35\n",
     "eb2=220-50*0.15\n",
-    "\n",
     "n2=(n1*eb2*phy1)/(1.15*phy1*eb1)\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"n2=\",format(n2,'.1f'),\"rpm\""
    ]
   },
@@ -490,31 +400,19 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "i=60\n",
     "eb1=450\n",
     "ia=15.18 #derived from problem\n",
-    "\n",
     "#using formula n2/n1=(eb2*phy1)/(eb1*phy2)\n",
-    "\n",
     "eb2=45.54\n",
-    "\n",
     "rse=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "ia=38.97 #derived\n",
-    "\n",
     "#using the above used formula\n",
-    "\n",
     "eb2=219.21\n",
-    "\n",
     "rse=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\""
    ]
   },
@@ -542,28 +440,19 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given and derived from the circuit in the figure\n",
-    "\n",
     "ish=2\n",
     "ia=77 #75+2\n",
     "ra=0.15\n",
     "v=200\n",
-    "\n",
     "e=v+ia*ra\n",
-    "\n",
     "#when dc machine runs as a motor \n",
     "ia=73 #75-2\n",
-    "\n",
     "eb=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-    "\n",
     "#n1 and n2 are the speeds at which the motor is operating as a generator and motor\n",
-    "\n",
     "n1=211.55\n",
     "n2=189.05\n",
-    "\n",
     "p=n1/n2\n",
-    "\n",
     "print p"
    ]
   },
@@ -591,28 +480,21 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given\n",
     "n=500\n",
     "v=250\n",
     "rsh=80\n",
     "ra=0.02\n",
     "drop=1.5\n",
-    "\n",
     "#derived\n",
-    "\n",
     "ish=3.125 #ish=v/rsh\n",
     "il=480    #il=w*1000/v\n",
     "ia=483.125 #ia=il+ish\n",
     "e=v+ra*ia+2*drop\n",
-    "\n",
     "il=80\n",
     "ia=il-ish\n",
-    "\n",
     "eb=v-ra*ia-2*drop\n",
-    "\n",
     "n=(500*eb)/e #e is proportional to n\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"n=\",format(n,'.2f'),\"rpm\"\n",
     "\n"
    ]
@@ -641,35 +523,21 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given and derived\n",
-    "\n",
     "ish=1\n",
     "il=26\n",
     "ia=25\n",
     "ra=0.4\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
     "#phy1*i1=phy2*i2 and ish2*i2=ish1*i1\n",
-    "\n",
     "#subtituting values in the above equation we get i2=25/ish2\n",
-    "\n",
     "eb1=200-ia*ra\n",
-    "\n",
     "#eb2=200-0.4*i2\n",
-    "\n",
     "#eb1/eb2=(n1*ish1)/(n2*ish2)\n",
-    "\n",
     "#190/(200-0.4*25/ish2)=500/(700*ish2)\n",
-    "\n",
     "#on finding the square root we get the value of ish2 as 0.698A\n",
-    "\n",
     "ish2=0.698\n",
-    "\n",
     "totres=200/0.698\n",
-    "\n",
     "r=totres-200\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"resistance to be inserted in the field circuit is=\",format(r,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
     "\n"
    ]
@@ -698,9 +566,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given and derived\n",
-    "\n",
     "phy=0.015\n",
     "p=8\n",
     "z=1000\n",
@@ -712,22 +578,14 @@
     "ia=25-2\n",
     "eb=400-25*0.4\n",
     "il=25\n",
-    "\n",
     "n=(eb*60*a)/(phy*p*z)\n",
-    "\n",
     "t=(phy*p*z*ia)/(2*3.14*2)\n",
-    "\n",
     "powdev=eb*ia\n",
     "netshaft=powdev-1000 #aggregate losses\n",
-    "\n",
     "torque=(netshaft*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-    "\n",
     "hp=netshaft/746\n",
-    "\n",
     "powinput=v*il\n",
-    "\n",
     "n=netshaft/powinput\n",
-    "\n",
     "print n\n",
     "\n"
    ]
@@ -760,58 +618,34 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given and derived\n",
-    "\n",
     "v=450\n",
     "r=0.25\n",
     "i1=160\n",
     "i2=125\n",
     "r1=450/float(160)\n",
-    "\n",
     "eb1=v-i2*r1\n",
-    "\n",
     "#flux decreases by 12% hence eb2=1.12*eb1\n",
-    "\n",
     "eb2=110.60\n",
-    "\n",
     "r2=(v-eb2)/i1\n",
-    "\n",
     "eb3=v-i2*r2\n",
-    "\n",
     "eb4=1.12*eb3\n",
     "r3=(v-eb4)/i1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "eb5=v-i2*r3\n",
-    "eb6=1.12*eb5\n",
-    "\n",
+    "eb5=v-i2*r3eb6=1.12*eb5\n",
     "r4=(450-eb6)/i1\n",
-    "\n",
     "eb7=v-i2*r4\n",
     "eb8=1.12*eb7\n",
-    "\n",
     "r5=(v-eb8)/i1\n",
-    "\n",
     "#resistance of each section of the starter is determined as follows\n",
-    "\n",
     "R1=r1-r2\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"R1=\",format(R1,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "R2=r2-r3\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"R2=\",format(R2,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "R3=r3-r4\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"R3=\",format(R3,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "R4=r4-r5\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"R4=\",format(R4,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
     "R5=r5-r\n",
-    "\n",
     "print \"R5=\",format(R5,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
@@ -845,9 +679,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "import math\n",
-    "\n",
     "#given and derived\n",
-    "\n",
     "If=1.6\n",
     "ia=300\n",
     "loss=640 #400*1.6\n",
@@ -855,34 +687,20 @@
     "ra=0.08\n",
     "ia=301.6\n",
     "arloss=7277 #armature loss at full load\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
     "po=120*1000\n",
-    "\n",
     "n=(po/float(po+arloss+pconst))*100\n",
-    "\n",
     "print n\n",
-    "\n",
     "arlosshalfload=150+1.6 #il/2+if\n",
     "arlossfullload=1838.6 #ia**2*ra\n",
-    "\n",
     "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
     "n=((60*1000)/((60*1000)+1838.6+4140))*100\n",
-    "\n",
     "print n\n",
-    "\n",
     "#for maximum n ia=il\n",
-    "\n",
     "ia=(pconst/ra)**0.5\n",
-    "\n",
     "nmax=((120*1000)/float((120*1000)+2*4140))*100\n",
-    "\n",
     "print nmax\n",
-    "\n",
     "maxn=(ia*100)/300\n",
-    "\n",
     "print maxn\n",
     "\n"
    ]
@@ -913,7 +731,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
+   "version": "2.7.5"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
diff --git a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter9_QP9exWK.ipynb b/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter9_QP9exWK.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9c13416d..00000000
--- a/basic_electrical_engineering_by_nagsarkar_and_sukhija/chapter9_QP9exWK.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,739 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 9:Direct current machines"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.1:Page number-525"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 10,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "phy=0.04\n",
-      "e= 333.333 V\n",
-      "n= 150.0 rpm\n",
-      "e= 400.00 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "e=600\n",
-    "p=6\n",
-    "n=1500\n",
-    "z=200\n",
-    "a=2\n",
-    "#since e=(phy*n*p*z)/(60*a)\n",
-    "phy=(e*60*a)/(n*p*z)\n",
-    "print \"phy=0.04\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "phy=0.05\n",
-    "p=8\n",
-    "n=500\n",
-    "z=800\n",
-    "a=8\n",
-    "p=8\n",
-    "e=(phy*p*n*z)/(60*a)\n",
-    "print \"e=\",format(e,'.3f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "e=400\n",
-    "a=2\n",
-    "n=(e*60*a)/(phy*p*z)\n",
-    "print \"n=\",format(n,'.1f'),\"rpm\"\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "phy=0.05\n",
-    "p=4\n",
-    "n=800\n",
-    "z=600\n",
-    "a=4\n",
-    "p=4\n",
-    "e=(phy*n*p*z)/(60*a)\n",
-    "print \"e=\",format(e,'.2f'),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.2:Page number-526 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "torque= 48.37 Nm\n",
-      "power output= 4050.00 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "d=0.2\n",
-    "l=0.25\n",
-    "p=6\n",
-    "z=250\n",
-    "bav=0.9\n",
-    "n=800\n",
-    "a=2\n",
-    "ld=50\n",
-    "phy=0.045 #flux per pole=0.9*0.2*0.25\n",
-    "e=(phy*p*n*z)/(60*a)\n",
-    "ia=e/ld\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "t=(60*e*ia)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-    "print \"torque=\",format(t,'.2f'),\"Nm\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "po=e*ia\n",
-    "print \"power output=\",format(po,'.2f'),\"W\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.3:Page number-528"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "e= 218.75 V\n",
-      "the developer generated torque= 522.49 Nm\n",
-      "power input= 29687.50 W\n",
-      "power input= 21666.00 W\n",
-      "power output= 18145.33 W\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "ia=125 #armature current\n",
-    "ra=0.15\n",
-    "v=200\n",
-    "e=v+ia*ra\n",
-    "print \"e=\",format(e,'.2f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "n=500\n",
-    "t=(60*e*ia)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-    "print \"the developer generated torque=\",format(t,'.2f'),\"Nm\"\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "pi=(e*ia)+((ia**2)*ra)\n",
-    "print \"power input=\",format(pi,'.2f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "e=183.75 #voltage generated at 420 rpm \n",
-    "ia=108.33 #since generated voltage is less than bus voltage the generator draws current from bus and functions as motor\n",
-    "#therefore,ia is the current when generator is functioning as motor\n",
-    "powip=v*ia\n",
-    "print \"power input=\",format(powip,'.2f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "powop=(e*ia)-((ia**2)*ra)\n",
-    "print \"power output=\",format(powop,'.2f'),\"W\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.4:Page number-538"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "generated emf= 136.50 V\n",
-      "current= 195.82 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "i=250\n",
-    "v=125\n",
-    "rl=v/i #load resistance\n",
-    "gemf=125+200*0.05+1.5\n",
-    "print \"generated emf=\",format(gemf,'.2f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "e=(136.5*1200)/1500 #generated emf at 1200rpm\n",
-    "#let v be the terminal voltage at 1200rpm\n",
-    "#then armature current ia=v/rl\n",
-    "#substituting all values in v=e-ia*ra-(voltage drop across the brushes)=97.91\n",
-    "v=97.91\n",
-    "i=v*2 #where rl=0.5 in the denominator is written as 2 \n",
-    "print \"current=\",format(i,'.2f'),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.5:Page number-539"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "when i=150 the voltage drop between points a and b is= 3.75 V\n",
-      "when i=45 the voltage drop between points a and b is= 1.12 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "#the external characteristic of the generator,the combined armature and series field resistance is given by ra+rs\n",
-    "r=0.375 #ra+rs\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "i=150\n",
-    "#-0.375+0.4=0.025 the voltage drop\n",
-    "vab=0.025*150\n",
-    "print \"when i=150 the voltage drop between points a and b is=\",format(vab,'.2f'),\"V\"\n",
-    "vab=0.025*45\n",
-    "print \"when i=45 the voltage drop between points a and b is=\",format(vab,'.2f'),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 11,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "power input= 61875.00 W\n",
-      "The input torque= 679.84 Nm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "v=250\n",
-    "e=230\n",
-    "ia=250\n",
-    "If=2.5\n",
-    "il=247.5\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "po=v*il\n",
-    "print \"power input=\",format(po,'.2f'),\"W\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "n=800\n",
-    "t=(60*e*il)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-    "print \"The input torque=\",format(t,'.2f'),\"Nm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.7:page number-540"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "armature current= 51.00 A\n",
-      "armature voltage= 406.06 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#shunt field current\n",
-    "ish=400/220 #from circuit diagram\n",
-    "#armature current\n",
-    "i=50\n",
-    "ia=i+ish\n",
-    "print \"armature current=\",format(ia,'.2f'),\"A\"\n",
-    "#armature voltage\n",
-    "voldrop=3\n",
-    "ra=0.04\n",
-    "rs=0.02\n",
-    "v=400\n",
-    "e=v+ia*(ra+rs)+voldrop\n",
-    "print \"armature voltage=\",format(e,'.2f'),\"V\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.8:Page number-549"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "rse= 2.25 ohm\n",
-      "n2= 1376.7 rpm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "i=35\n",
-    "v=220\n",
-    "ra=0.15\n",
-    "n1=1600\n",
-    "#when motor is running at 1200rpm the back emf eb1 is given by eb1=v-(35*0.15)\n",
-    "eb1=214.75\n",
-    "#flux phy1 is proportional to armature current ia.Thus, at ia1=35 and ia2=15 n is proportional to eb/phy\n",
-    "#2=(eb2*phy1)/(phy2*eb1)\n",
-    "#therefore\n",
-    "eb2=184.07\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "#resistance to be connected in series is rse ohm\n",
-    "ia2=15\n",
-    "rse=((v-eb2)/ia2)-ra\n",
-    "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "eb2=0.5*1.15*214.75\n",
-    "ia2=50\n",
-    "rse=((v-eb2)/ia2)-ra\n",
-    "phy1=35\n",
-    "eb2=220-50*0.15\n",
-    "n2=(n1*eb2*phy1)/(1.15*phy1*eb1)\n",
-    "print \"n2=\",format(n2,'.1f'),\"rpm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.9"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " rse= 26.64 ohm\n",
-      "rse= 5.92 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "i=60\n",
-    "eb1=450\n",
-    "ia=15.18 #derived from problem\n",
-    "#using formula n2/n1=(eb2*phy1)/(eb1*phy2)\n",
-    "eb2=45.54\n",
-    "rse=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-    "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "ia=38.97 #derived\n",
-    "#using the above used formula\n",
-    "eb2=219.21\n",
-    "rse=(eb1-eb2)/ia\n",
-    "print \"rse=\",format(rse,'.2f'),\"ohm\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.10:Page number-551"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "1.1190161333\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given and derived from the circuit in the figure\n",
-    "ish=2\n",
-    "ia=77 #75+2\n",
-    "ra=0.15\n",
-    "v=200\n",
-    "e=v+ia*ra\n",
-    "#when dc machine runs as a motor \n",
-    "ia=73 #75-2\n",
-    "eb=v-(ia*ra)\n",
-    "#n1 and n2 are the speeds at which the motor is operating as a generator and motor\n",
-    "n1=211.55\n",
-    "n2=189.05\n",
-    "p=n1/n2\n",
-    "print p"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.11:page number-552"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 9,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "n= 467.26 rpm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "n=500\n",
-    "v=250\n",
-    "rsh=80\n",
-    "ra=0.02\n",
-    "drop=1.5\n",
-    "#derived\n",
-    "ish=3.125 #ish=v/rsh\n",
-    "il=480    #il=w*1000/v\n",
-    "ia=483.125 #ia=il+ish\n",
-    "e=v+ra*ia+2*drop\n",
-    "il=80\n",
-    "ia=il-ish\n",
-    "eb=v-ra*ia-2*drop\n",
-    "n=(500*eb)/e #e is proportional to n\n",
-    "print \"n=\",format(n,'.2f'),\"rpm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.12:Page number-553"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "resistance to be inserted in the field circuit is= 86.53 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given and derived\n",
-    "ish=1\n",
-    "il=26\n",
-    "ia=25\n",
-    "ra=0.4\n",
-    "#phy1*i1=phy2*i2 and ish2*i2=ish1*i1\n",
-    "#subtituting values in the above equation we get i2=25/ish2\n",
-    "eb1=200-ia*ra\n",
-    "#eb2=200-0.4*i2\n",
-    "#eb1/eb2=(n1*ish1)/(n2*ish2)\n",
-    "#190/(200-0.4*25/ish2)=500/(700*ish2)\n",
-    "#on finding the square root we get the value of ish2 as 0.698A\n",
-    "ish2=0.698\n",
-    "totres=200/0.698\n",
-    "r=totres-200\n",
-    "print \"resistance to be inserted in the field circuit is=\",format(r,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.13:page number-554"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "0.797\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given and derived\n",
-    "phy=0.015\n",
-    "p=8\n",
-    "z=1000\n",
-    "a=2\n",
-    "ra=0.4\n",
-    "rsh=200\n",
-    "v=400\n",
-    "ish=2\n",
-    "ia=25-2\n",
-    "eb=400-25*0.4\n",
-    "il=25\n",
-    "n=(eb*60*a)/(phy*p*z)\n",
-    "t=(phy*p*z*ia)/(2*3.14*2)\n",
-    "powdev=eb*ia\n",
-    "netshaft=powdev-1000 #aggregate losses\n",
-    "torque=(netshaft*60)/(2*3.14*n)\n",
-    "hp=netshaft/746\n",
-    "powinput=v*il\n",
-    "n=netshaft/powinput\n",
-    "print n\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.14:page number-557"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "R1= 0.69 ohm\n",
-      "R2= 0.60 ohm\n",
-      "R3= 0.53 ohm\n",
-      "R4= 0.46 ohm\n",
-      "R5= 0.28 ohm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given and derived\n",
-    "v=450\n",
-    "r=0.25\n",
-    "i1=160\n",
-    "i2=125\n",
-    "r1=450/float(160)\n",
-    "eb1=v-i2*r1\n",
-    "#flux decreases by 12% hence eb2=1.12*eb1\n",
-    "eb2=110.60\n",
-    "r2=(v-eb2)/i1\n",
-    "eb3=v-i2*r2\n",
-    "eb4=1.12*eb3\n",
-    "r3=(v-eb4)/i1\n",
-    "eb5=v-i2*r3eb6=1.12*eb5\n",
-    "r4=(450-eb6)/i1\n",
-    "eb7=v-i2*r4\n",
-    "eb8=1.12*eb7\n",
-    "r5=(v-eb8)/i1\n",
-    "#resistance of each section of the starter is determined as follows\n",
-    "R1=r1-r2\n",
-    "print \"R1=\",format(R1,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "R2=r2-r3\n",
-    "print \"R2=\",format(R2,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "R3=r3-r4\n",
-    "print \"R3=\",format(R3,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "R4=r4-r5\n",
-    "print \"R4=\",format(R4,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "R5=r5-r\n",
-    "print \"R5=\",format(R5,'.2f'),\"ohm\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 9.15:Page number-562"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "91.3123872863\n",
-      "90.9385770538\n",
-      "93.5453695042\n",
-      "75.8287544405\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "#given and derived\n",
-    "If=1.6\n",
-    "ia=300\n",
-    "loss=640 #400*1.6\n",
-    "pconst=4140 #sum of core,field and friction losses\n",
-    "ra=0.08\n",
-    "ia=301.6\n",
-    "arloss=7277 #armature loss at full load\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "po=120*1000\n",
-    "n=(po/float(po+arloss+pconst))*100\n",
-    "print n\n",
-    "arlosshalfload=150+1.6 #il/2+if\n",
-    "arlossfullload=1838.6 #ia**2*ra\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "n=((60*1000)/((60*1000)+1838.6+4140))*100\n",
-    "print n\n",
-    "#for maximum n ia=il\n",
-    "ia=(pconst/ra)**0.5\n",
-    "nmax=((120*1000)/float((120*1000)+2*4140))*100\n",
-    "print nmax\n",
-    "maxn=(ia*100)/300\n",
-    "print maxn\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.5"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/f_by_df/1_An_overview_of_C.ipynb b/f_by_df/1_An_overview_of.ipynb
index ecf52ddd..ecf52ddd 100644
--- a/f_by_df/1_An_overview_of_C.ipynb
+++ b/f_by_df/1_An_overview_of.ipynb
diff --git a/hfgd_by_df/README.txt b/hfgd_by_df/README.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 61f29da3..00000000
--- a/hfgd_by_df/README.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-Contributed By: asmita asmita
-Course: mtech
-College/Institute/Organization: sd
-Department/Designation: sd
-Book Title: hfgd
-Author: df
-Publisher: 5
-Year of publication: 2
-Isbn: 3
-Edition: 3
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hfgd_by_df/ajinkya.ipynb b/hfgd_by_df/ajinkya.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2d3ace64..00000000
--- a/hfgd_by_df/ajinkya.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,339 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 2: Bonding in Solids"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.1,Page number 62"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The binding energy of KCl =  7.10982502818 eV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "r = 3.147*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance for KCl, m\n",
-    "n = 9.1;    # Repulsive exponent of KCl\n",
-    "A = 1.748;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "E = A*e**2/(4*math.pi*epsilon_0*r)*(n-1)/n/e;     # Binding energy of KCl, eV\n",
-    "print\"The binding energy of KCl = \",round(E,4),\"eV\";\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.2,Page number 62"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The binding energy of NaCl =  181.1005 kcal/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-    "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "a0 = 5.63*10**-10;      # Lattice parameter of NaCl, m\n",
-    "r0 = a0/2;      # Nearest neighbour distance for NaCl, m\n",
-    "n = 8.4;    # Repulsive exponent of NaCl\n",
-    "A = 1.748;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "E = A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n/e;     # Binding energy of NaCl, eV\n",
-    "print\"The binding energy of NaCl = \",round(E*N*e/(4.186*1000),4),\"kcal/mol\" ;\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.3,Page number 62"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The nearest neighbour distance of KCl =  3.1376 angstorm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-    "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "E = 162.9*10**3;  # Binding energy of KCl, cal/mol\n",
-    "n = 8.6;    # Repulsive exponent of KCl\n",
-    "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "# As lattice binding energy, E = A*e**2/(4*%pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for r0\n",
-    "r0 = A*N*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*E*4.186)*(n-1)/n;     # Nearest neighbour distance of KCl, m\n",
-    "print\"The nearest neighbour distance of KCl = \",round(r0*10**10,4),\"angstorm\";\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.4,Page number 63"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The nearest neighbour distance of CsCl =  3.4776 angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-    "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "E = 152*10**3;  # Binding energy of CsCl, cal/mol\n",
-    "n = 10.6;    # Repulsive exponent of CsCl\n",
-    "A = 1.763;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# As lattice binding energy, E = A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for r0\n",
-    "r0 = A*N*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*E*4.186)*(n-1)/n;     # Nearest neighbour distance of CsCl, m\n",
-    "print\"The nearest neighbour distance of CsCl = \",round(r0*10**10,4),\"angstrom\";\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.5,Page number 63"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The repulsive exponent of NaI =  0.363\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-    "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "r0 = 6.46*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance of NaI\n",
-    "E = 157.1*10**3;  # Binding energy of NaI, cal/mol\n",
-    "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# As lattice binding energy, E = -A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for n\n",
-    "n = 1/(1+(4.186*E*4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)/(N*A*e**2));   # Repulsive exponent of NaI\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe repulsive exponent of NaI = \",round(n,4);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.6,Page number 63"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The compressibility of the solid =  3.329e-01 metre square per newton\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "a0 = 2.8158*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance of solid\n",
-    "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "n = 8.6;    # The repulsive exponent of solid\n",
-    "c = 2;  # Structural factor for rocksalt\n",
-    "# As n = 1 + (9*c*a0**4)/(K0*e**2*A), solving for K0\n",
-    "K0 = 9*c*a0**4/((n-1)*e**2*A);        # Compressibility of solid, metre square per newton\n",
-    "print\"The compressibility of the solid = \", \"{0:.3e}\".format(K0),\"metre square per newton\";"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.7,Page number 69"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The percentage ionic character present in solid =  22.12 percent \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "chi_diff = 1;   # Electronegativity difference between the constituent of elements of solid\n",
-    "percent_ion = 100*(1-math.e**(-(0.25*chi_diff**2)));  # Percentage ionic character present in solid given by Pauling\n",
-    "print\"The percentage ionic character present in solid = \",round(percent_ion,2),\"percent \";\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.8,Page number 69"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The fractional ionicity of GaAs =  0.3126\n",
-      "The fractional ionicity of CdTe =  0.7168\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Eh_GaAs = 4.3;       # Homopolar gap of GaAs compound, eV\n",
-    "C_GaAs = 2.90;      # Ionic gap of GaAs compound, eV\n",
-    "Eh_CdTe = 3.08;      # Homopolar gap of CdTe compound, eV\n",
-    "C_CdTe = 4.90;      # Ionic gap of CdTe compound, eV\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fi_GaAs = C_GaAs**2/(Eh_GaAs**2 + C_GaAs**2);\n",
-    "fi_CdTe = C_CdTe**2/(Eh_CdTe**2 + C_CdTe**2);\n",
-    "print\"The fractional ionicity of GaAs = \",round(fi_GaAs,4);\n",
-    "print\"The fractional ionicity of CdTe = \",round(fi_CdTe,4);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.6"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/hfgd_by_df/ajinkya_HykpzE0.ipynb b/hfgd_by_df/ajinkya_HykpzE0.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 2d3ace64..00000000
--- a/hfgd_by_df/ajinkya_HykpzE0.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,339 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 2: Bonding in Solids"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.1,Page number 62"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The binding energy of KCl =  7.10982502818 eV\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "r = 3.147*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance for KCl, m\n",
-    "n = 9.1;    # Repulsive exponent of KCl\n",
-    "A = 1.748;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "E = A*e**2/(4*math.pi*epsilon_0*r)*(n-1)/n/e;     # Binding energy of KCl, eV\n",
-    "print\"The binding energy of KCl = \",round(E,4),\"eV\";\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.2,Page number 62"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The binding energy of NaCl =  181.1005 kcal/mol\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-    "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "a0 = 5.63*10**-10;      # Lattice parameter of NaCl, m\n",
-    "r0 = a0/2;      # Nearest neighbour distance for NaCl, m\n",
-    "n = 8.4;    # Repulsive exponent of NaCl\n",
-    "A = 1.748;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "E = A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n/e;     # Binding energy of NaCl, eV\n",
-    "print\"The binding energy of NaCl = \",round(E*N*e/(4.186*1000),4),\"kcal/mol\" ;\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.3,Page number 62"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The nearest neighbour distance of KCl =  3.1376 angstorm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-    "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "E = 162.9*10**3;  # Binding energy of KCl, cal/mol\n",
-    "n = 8.6;    # Repulsive exponent of KCl\n",
-    "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "# As lattice binding energy, E = A*e**2/(4*%pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for r0\n",
-    "r0 = A*N*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*E*4.186)*(n-1)/n;     # Nearest neighbour distance of KCl, m\n",
-    "print\"The nearest neighbour distance of KCl = \",round(r0*10**10,4),\"angstorm\";\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.4,Page number 63"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The nearest neighbour distance of CsCl =  3.4776 angstrom\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-    "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "E = 152*10**3;  # Binding energy of CsCl, cal/mol\n",
-    "n = 10.6;    # Repulsive exponent of CsCl\n",
-    "A = 1.763;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# As lattice binding energy, E = A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for r0\n",
-    "r0 = A*N*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*E*4.186)*(n-1)/n;     # Nearest neighbour distance of CsCl, m\n",
-    "print\"The nearest neighbour distance of CsCl = \",round(r0*10**10,4),\"angstrom\";\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.5,Page number 63"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 15,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      "The repulsive exponent of NaI =  0.363\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-    "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "r0 = 6.46*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance of NaI\n",
-    "E = 157.1*10**3;  # Binding energy of NaI, cal/mol\n",
-    "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# As lattice binding energy, E = -A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for n\n",
-    "n = 1/(1+(4.186*E*4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)/(N*A*e**2));   # Repulsive exponent of NaI\n",
-    "print\"\\nThe repulsive exponent of NaI = \",round(n,4);"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.6,Page number 63"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The compressibility of the solid =  3.329e-01 metre square per newton\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-    "a0 = 2.8158*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance of solid\n",
-    "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-    "n = 8.6;    # The repulsive exponent of solid\n",
-    "c = 2;  # Structural factor for rocksalt\n",
-    "# As n = 1 + (9*c*a0**4)/(K0*e**2*A), solving for K0\n",
-    "K0 = 9*c*a0**4/((n-1)*e**2*A);        # Compressibility of solid, metre square per newton\n",
-    "print\"The compressibility of the solid = \", \"{0:.3e}\".format(K0),\"metre square per newton\";"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.7,Page number 69"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 20,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The percentage ionic character present in solid =  22.12 percent \n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "chi_diff = 1;   # Electronegativity difference between the constituent of elements of solid\n",
-    "percent_ion = 100*(1-math.e**(-(0.25*chi_diff**2)));  # Percentage ionic character present in solid given by Pauling\n",
-    "print\"The percentage ionic character present in solid = \",round(percent_ion,2),\"percent \";\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example 2.8,Page number 69"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The fractional ionicity of GaAs =  0.3126\n",
-      "The fractional ionicity of CdTe =  0.7168\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Given Data\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Eh_GaAs = 4.3;       # Homopolar gap of GaAs compound, eV\n",
-    "C_GaAs = 2.90;      # Ionic gap of GaAs compound, eV\n",
-    "Eh_CdTe = 3.08;      # Homopolar gap of CdTe compound, eV\n",
-    "C_CdTe = 4.90;      # Ionic gap of CdTe compound, eV\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fi_GaAs = C_GaAs**2/(Eh_GaAs**2 + C_GaAs**2);\n",
-    "fi_CdTe = C_CdTe**2/(Eh_CdTe**2 + C_CdTe**2);\n",
-    "print\"The fractional ionicity of GaAs = \",round(fi_GaAs,4);\n",
-    "print\"The fractional ionicity of CdTe = \",round(fi_CdTe,4);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.6"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul.png b/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul.png
deleted file mode 100644
index a8cec645..00000000
--- a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul.png
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_AsDoISP.png b/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_AsDoISP.png
deleted file mode 100644
index a8cec645..00000000
--- a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_AsDoISP.png
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_EGoOQUe.png b/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_EGoOQUe.png
deleted file mode 100644
index a8cec645..00000000
--- a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_EGoOQUe.png
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_PV3oNIg.png b/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_PV3oNIg.png
deleted file mode 100644
index a8cec645..00000000
--- a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_PV3oNIg.png
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_btLWUZA.png b/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_btLWUZA.png
deleted file mode 100644
index a8cec645..00000000
--- a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_btLWUZA.png
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_nuomq32.png b/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_nuomq32.png
deleted file mode 100644
index a8cec645..00000000
--- a/hfgd_by_df/screenshots/anshul_nuomq32.png
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/integrated_electronics,_analog_and_digital_circuits_and_systems_by_Jacob_milliman,christos_halkias,chetan_D_Parikh/chapter5_.ipynb b/integrated_electronics,_analog_and_digital_circuits_and_systems_by_Jacob_milliman,christos_halkias,chetan_D_Parikh/chapter5.ipynb
index 138a6814..138a6814 100755
--- a/integrated_electronics,_analog_and_digital_circuits_and_systems_by_Jacob_milliman,christos_halkias,chetan_D_Parikh/chapter5_.ipynb
+++ b/integrated_electronics,_analog_and_digital_circuits_and_systems_by_Jacob_milliman,christos_halkias,chetan_D_Parikh/chapter5.ipynb
diff --git a/j_by_j/README.txt b/j_by_j/README.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 0703bdc5..00000000
--- a/j_by_j/README.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-Contributed By: asmita asmita
-Course: mtech
-College/Institute/Organization: sd
-Department/Designation: sd
-Book Title: j
-Author: j
-Publisher: q
-Year of publication: 1
-Isbn: 2
-Edition: 1
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/j_by_j/hrituraj.ipynb b/j_by_j/hrituraj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3f540415..00000000
--- a/j_by_j/hrituraj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,596 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Chapter 4 - Design Against Fluctuating Load"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## exa 4.1 Pg 102"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      " for stepped plate under tension, Kt=1.75 for r/d = 0.125 & D/d = 1.25 \n",
-      "\n",
-      " for finite width plate under tension with a hole, Kt=2.42 for d0/w = 0.25\n",
-      "\n",
-      " Thickness of plate = 6.05 mm or 6 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "## Given data\n",
-    "P=6## kN\n",
-    "#dimensions of plate\n",
-    "r=5##mm\n",
-    "d=40##mm\n",
-    "D=50##mm\n",
-    "d0=10##mm\n",
-    "w=40##mm\n",
-    "Sut=200##MPa\n",
-    "n=2.5## factor of safety\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Fillet - \n",
-    "rBYd=r/d#\n",
-    "DBYd=D/d#\n",
-    "Kt=1.75## factor\n",
-    "print ' for stepped plate under tension, Kt=%.2f for r/d = %.3f & D/d = %.2f '%(Kt,rBYd,DBYd)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Hole -\n",
-    "d0BYw=d0/w#\n",
-    "Kt=2.42## factor \n",
-    "print '\\n for finite width plate under tension with a hole, Kt=%.2f for d0/w = %.2f'%(Kt,d0BYw)\n",
-    "sigma_max_into_t = Kt*P/(w-d0)##N/mm sq.\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Design stress\n",
-    "sigma_d = Sut/n## MPa\n",
-    "#putting sigma_max=sigma_d\n",
-    "t=sigma_max_into_t/sigma_d*1000## mm\n",
-    "print '\\n Thickness of plate = %.2f mm or %.f mm'%(t,t)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## exa 4.2 Pg 104"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Diameter of axle = 46.5 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi\n",
-    "# Given Data\n",
-    "rBYd=0.1#\n",
-    "DBYd=1.2#\n",
-    "P=3## kN\n",
-    "Syt=300##MPa\n",
-    "n=3## factor of safety\n",
-    "#dimensions of plate\n",
-    "l1=400##mm\n",
-    "l2=300##mm\n",
-    "l3=400##mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sigma_d=Syt/n## MPa\n",
-    "Kt=1.65## factor for circular fillet radius member\n",
-    "Rp=P/2##kN (bearing reaction due to symmetry)\n",
-    "Mf=Rp*l1## kN.mm (bending moment at fillet)\n",
-    "Mc=P*(l1+l2+l3)/4## kN.mm (bending moment at centre)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Fillet\n",
-    "#sigma_max=Kt*32*Mf/(pi*d**3)\n",
-    "sigma_max_into_d_cube_1 = Kt*32*Mf*1000/pi\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Centre\n",
-    "#sigma_max=32*Mc/(pi*d**3)\n",
-    "sigma_max_into_d_cube_2 = Kt*32*Mf*1000/pi\n",
-    "sigma_max_into_d_cube=max(sigma_max_into_d_cube_1,sigma_max_into_d_cube_2)## (getting max)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#putting sigma_max=sigma_d\n",
-    "t=(sigma_max_into_d_cube/sigma_d)**(1/3)## mm\n",
-    "print '\\n Diameter of axle = %.1f mm'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## exa 4.3 Pg 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Endurance limit = 45.50 MPa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Given Data\n",
-    "Sut=440##MPa\n",
-    "d=25##mm\n",
-    "R=95/100## reliability\n",
-    "Kt=1.8## stress concentration factor\n",
-    "q=0.86## sensitivity factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Se_dash = 0.5*Sut## MPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# for machined surface\n",
-    "ka=0.82## surface finish factor\n",
-    "kb=0.85## size factor\n",
-    "kc=0.868## reliability factor\n",
-    "kd=1## temperature factor\n",
-    "ke=0.577## load factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kf=1+q*(Kt-1)## fatigue strength factor\n",
-    "kf=1/Kf ## fatigue strength reduction factor\n",
-    "Se=ka*kb*kc*kd*ke*kf*Se_dash## (MPa) Endurance limit\n",
-    "print '\\n Endurance limit = %.2f MPa'%Se"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## exa 4.4 Pg 105"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Thickness of plate = 18.23 mm or 20 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "# Given Data\n",
-    "Sut=440##MPa\n",
-    "w=60##mm\n",
-    "d=12## mm\n",
-    "P=20## kN\n",
-    "q=0.8## sensitivity factor\n",
-    "R=90/100## reliability\n",
-    "n=2## factor of safety\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kt=2.52## stress concentration factor\n",
-    "Se_dash = 0.5*Sut## MPa\n",
-    "# for hot rollednormalized condition\n",
-    "ka=0.67## surface finish factor\n",
-    "kb=0.85## size factor (assuming t<50 mm)\n",
-    "kc=0.897## reliability factor\n",
-    "kd=1## temperature factor\n",
-    "ke=0.9## load factor\n",
-    "dBYw=d/w# #(for circular hole)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kf=1+q*(Kt-1)## fatigue strength factor\n",
-    "kf=1/Kf ## fatigue strength reduction factor\n",
-    "Se=ka*kb*kc*kd*ke*kf*Se_dash## (MPa) Endurance limit\n",
-    "sigma_d=Se/n## MPa (design stress)\n",
-    "# sigma_max=P/(w-d)/t\n",
-    "sigma_max_into_t = P*1000/(w-d)#\n",
-    "# putting sigma_max=sigma_d\n",
-    "t=sigma_max_into_t/sigma_d## mm\n",
-    "print '\\n Thickness of plate = %.2f mm or 20 mm'%t"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## exa 4.5 Pg 107"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " Endurance of specimen = 325.00 MPa\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from math import pi, log10\n",
-    "# Given Data\n",
-    "Sut=650##MPa\n",
-    "N=10**5## cycles\n",
-    "Se_dash = 0.5*Sut## MPa\n",
-    "of=5## unit\n",
-    "ob=6##unit\n",
-    "bf=ob-of## unit\n",
-    "be=3##unit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# calculating endurance section wise\n",
-    "OE=log10(Se_dash)#\n",
-    "OA=log10(0.9*Sut)#\n",
-    "AE=OA-OE#\n",
-    "#log10_Sf=OD=OE+ED=OE+FC\n",
-    "log10_Sf=OE+(bf/be)*AE#\n",
-    "Sf=10**log10_Sf# # (MPa) Endurance\n",
-    "print '\\n Endurance of specimen = %.2f MPa'%Sf"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## exa 4.6 Pg 108"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " diameter of beam 20 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import pi, log10\n",
-    "# Given Data\n",
-    "Sut=540##MPa\n",
-    "N=10**4## cycles\n",
-    "q=0.85## sensitivity factor\n",
-    "R=90/100## reliability\n",
-    "P=1500## N\n",
-    "l=160## mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Se_dash = 0.5*Sut## MPa\n",
-    "# for cold drawn steel\n",
-    "ka=0.79## surface finish factor\n",
-    "kb=0.85## size factor (assuming t<50 mm)\n",
-    "kc=0.897## reliability factor\n",
-    "kd=1## temperature factor\n",
-    "ke=1## load factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kt=1.33## under bending\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kf=1+q*(Kt-1)## fatigue strength factor\n",
-    "kf=1/Kf ## fatigue strength reduction factor\n",
-    "Se=ka*kb*kc*kd*ke*kf*Se_dash## MPa( Endurance limit)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "of=4## unit\n",
-    "ob=6##unit\n",
-    "bf=ob-of## unit\n",
-    "be=3##unit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# calculating endurance section wise\n",
-    "OE=log10(Se)#\n",
-    "OA=log10(0.9*Sut)#\n",
-    "AE=OA-OE#\n",
-    "#log10_Sf=OD=OE+ED=OE+FC\n",
-    "log10_Sf=OE+(bf/be)*AE#\n",
-    "Sf=10**log10_Sf# # (MPa) Endurance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "MB=P*l## N.mm\n",
-    "# 32*MB/pi/d**3 = Sf\n",
-    "d=(32*MB/pi/Sf)**(1/3)\n",
-    "print '\\n diameter of beam %.f mm'%d"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## exa 4.7 Pg 110"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " diameter d at fillet cross section = 16 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import pi, log10, atan\n",
-    "# Given Data\n",
-    "Sut=600##MPa\n",
-    "Syt=380##MPa\n",
-    "q=0.9## sensitivity factor\n",
-    "R=90/100## reliability\n",
-    "n=2## factor of safety\n",
-    "Pmin=-100## N\n",
-    "Pmax=200## N\n",
-    "l=150## mm\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Se_dash = 0.5*Sut## MPa\n",
-    "# for cold drawn steel\n",
-    "ka=0.76## surface finish factor\n",
-    "kb=0.85## size factor (assuming t<50 mm)\n",
-    "kc=0.897## reliability factor\n",
-    "kd=1## temperature factor\n",
-    "ke=1## load factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kt=1.4## under bending\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Kf=1+q*(Kt-1)## fatigue strength factor\n",
-    "kf=1/Kf ## fatigue strength reduction factor\n",
-    "Se=ka*kb*kc*kd*ke*kf*Se_dash## MPa( Endurance limit)\n",
-    "Mmax=Pmax*l## N.mm\n",
-    "Mmin=Pmin*l## N.mm\n",
-    "Mm=(Mmax+Mmin)/2## N.mm\n",
-    "Ma=(Mmax-Mmin)/2## N.mm\n",
-    "theta=atan(Ma/Mm)*pi/180## degree\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#equation of Goodman - sigma_m/Sut+sigma_a/Se=1\n",
-    "#here sigma_a/sigma_m=3\n",
-    "sigma_m=1/(1/Sut+3/Se)##MPa\n",
-    "sigma_a=3*sigma_m## MPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sigma_da=sigma_a/n## MPa\n",
-    "#sigma_da=32*Ma/pi/d**3\n",
-    "d=(32*Ma/pi/sigma_da)**(1/3)## mm \n",
-    "print '\\n diameter d at fillet cross section = %.f mm'%d"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## exa 4.8 Pg 112"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " diameter of shaft = 34 mm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import pi, log10, atan,tan\n",
-    "# Given Data\n",
-    "Sut=500##MPa\n",
-    "Syt=300##MPa\n",
-    "R=90/100## reliability\n",
-    "n=2## factor of safety\n",
-    "Tmin=-200## N.m\n",
-    "Tmax=500## N.m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Se_dash = 0.5*Sut## MPa\n",
-    "# for cold drawn steel\n",
-    "ka=0.80## surface finish factor\n",
-    "kb=0.85## size factor (assuming t<50 mm)\n",
-    "kc=0.897## reliability factor\n",
-    "kd=1## temperature factor\n",
-    "ke=0.577## load factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Ses=ka*kb*kc*kd*ke*Se_dash## MPa( Endurance limit)\n",
-    "Sys=ke*Syt## MPa\n",
-    "Tm=(Tmax+Tmin)/2## N.m\n",
-    "Ta=(Tmax-Tmin)/2## N.m\n",
-    "theta=atan(Ta/Tm)*pi/180## degree\n",
-    "Sms=Ses/tan(theta*180/pi)##MPa\n",
-    "Sas=Ses##MPa\n",
-    "tau_da=Sas/n##MPa\n",
-    "#tua_da=16*Ta/pi/d**3\n",
-    "d=(16*Ta*1000/pi/tau_da)**(1/3)##mm\n",
-    "print '\\n diameter of shaft = %.f mm'%d"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## exa 4.9 Pg 113"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " life of the spring, N = 215630 cycles\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import pi,log10\n",
-    "# Given Data\n",
-    "Sut=860##MPa\n",
-    "Syt=690##MPa\n",
-    "Pmin=60## N\n",
-    "Pmax=120## N\n",
-    "R=50/100## reliability\n",
-    "l=500##mm\n",
-    "d=10##mm\n",
-    "Se_dash = 0.5*Sut## MPa\n",
-    "# for machines surface\n",
-    "ka=0.70## surface finish factor\n",
-    "kb=0.85## size factor (assuming t<50 mm)\n",
-    "kc=1## reliability factor\n",
-    "kd=1## temperature factor\n",
-    "ke=1## load factor\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Se=ka*kb*kc*kd*ke*Se_dash## MPa( Endurance limit)\n",
-    "Mmax=Pmax*l## N.mm\n",
-    "Mmin=Pmin*l## N.mm\n",
-    "Mm=(Mmax+Mmin)/2## N.mm\n",
-    "Ma=(Mmax-Mmin)/2## N.mm\n",
-    "Sm=32*Mm/pi/d**3##MPa\n",
-    "sigma_m=Sm##MPa\n",
-    "Sa=32*Ma/pi/d**3##MPa\n",
-    "sigma_a=Sa##MPa\n",
-    "Sf=Sa*Sut/(Sut-Sm)##MPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#calculating section\n",
-    "OB=6##unit ref. o at 3\n",
-    "BE=OB-3##unit\n",
-    "OC=Sf## MPa\n",
-    "AE=log10(0.9*Sut)-log10(Se)##MPa\n",
-    "AC=log10(0.9*Sut)-log10(Sf)##MPa\n",
-    "CD=BE*AC/AE##\n",
-    "#log10(N)=3+CD\n",
-    "N=10**(3+CD)## cycle\n",
-    "print '\\n life of the spring, N = %.f cycles'%N\n",
-    "#Note : answer in the textbook is wrong."
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## exa 4.10 Pg 116"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "\n",
-      " factor of safety, n = 5.04\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "from math import pi, log10, sqrt,atan,tan\n",
-    "# Given Data\n",
-    "Sut=600##MPa\n",
-    "Se=280##MPa\n",
-    "sigma_x_min=50## MPa\n",
-    "sigma_x_max=100## MPa\n",
-    "sigma_y_min=20## MPa\n",
-    "sigma_y_max=70## MPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "sigma_xm=(sigma_x_max+sigma_x_min)/2## MPa\n",
-    "sigma_xa=(sigma_x_max-sigma_x_min)/2## MPa\n",
-    "sigma_ym=(sigma_y_max+sigma_y_min)/2## MPa\n",
-    "sigma_ya=(sigma_y_max-sigma_y_min)/2## MPa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# distortion energy theory - \n",
-    "sigma_m=sqrt(sigma_xm**2+sigma_ym**2-sigma_xm*sigma_ym)## MPa\n",
-    "sigma_a=sqrt(sigma_xa**2+sigma_ya**2-sigma_xa*sigma_ya)## MPa\n",
-    "theta=atan(sigma_a/sigma_m)## radian\n",
-    "# Sm/Sut+Sa/Se=1 where Sa=Sm*tan(theta)\n",
-    "Sm=1/(1/Sut+tan(theta)/Se)## MPa\n",
-    "Sa=tan(theta)*Sm## MPa\n",
-    "n=Sa/sigma_a## factor of safety\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print '\\n factor of safety, n = %.2f'%n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.6"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/j_by_j/sai.ipynb b/j_by_j/sai.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 89275d31..00000000
--- a/j_by_j/sai.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,349 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# SAMPLE NOTEBOOK"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "## ch-9 page 227   pb-1"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('load current =', 21.78649237472767)\n",
-      "('design current=', 28.32244008714597)\n",
-      "('Derating factor=', 0.92)\n",
-      "('fuse rating=', 30.785260964289098)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vi=120;\n",
-    "k=1000;\n",
-    "pi=2*k;\n",
-    "eff=0.90;\n",
-    "pf=0.85;\n",
-    "t=65;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lc=(pi)/(vi*eff*pf);\n",
-    "print('load current =',lc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dc=1.3*lc;\n",
-    "print('design current=',dc);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "df=(0.2/100)*(t-25);\n",
-    "df=11.5*df;\n",
-    "print('Derating factor=',df);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fr=dc/df;\n",
-    "print('fuse rating=',fr);\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "## ch-10 page 268   pb-6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('power delivered =', 500000.0, 'watts')\n",
-      "('power loss=', 10000.0, 'watts')\n",
-      "(510583.1892725521, 241709.44403085182)\n",
-      "('kvar_cap=', 268.87374524170025)\n",
-      "('c=', 10.111669570616154, 'micro farad/ph')\n",
-      "('differences in kva demand=', 158.7301587301588)\n",
-      "('loss in cable =', 0.6049382716049381)\n",
-      "('cost saving=', 5294.849999999999)\n",
-      "('total three phase capacitor cost=', 48397.274143506045, '$')\n",
-      "('capacitor cost will be recoverred in', 9.140442910281887, 'months')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lpf1=0.70;\n",
-    "lpf2=0.90;\n",
-    "vi=460;\n",
-    "f=60;\n",
-    "k=1000;\n",
-    "p=1500*k;\n",
-    "time=300;\n",
-    "cost=60;\n",
-    "l=2/100;\n",
-    "theta1=45.6;\n",
-    "theta2=25.8;\n",
-    "pd=p/3; #since 3 phase;\n",
-    "pl=l*pd;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('power delivered =',pd,'watts');\n",
-    "print('power loss=',pl,'watts');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "var1=pd*(math.tan((math.pi/180)*theta1));\n",
-    "var2=pd*(math.tan((math.pi/180)*theta2));\n",
-    "var=var1-var2;\n",
-    "print(var1,var2);\n",
-    "kvar=var/1000;\n",
-    "print('kvar_cap=',kvar);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vp=vi/(math.sqrt(3));\n",
-    "w=2*math.pi*f;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "c=(1000*kvar)/(w*vp*vp);\n",
-    "c=c*1000;\n",
-    "print('c=',c,'micro farad/ph');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kva1=(pd/1000)/lpf1;\n",
-    "kva2=(pd/1000)/lpf2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dkva=kva1-kva2;\n",
-    "print('differences in kva demand=',dkva);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "loss=(lpf1/lpf2)*(lpf1/lpf2);\n",
-    "print('loss in cable =',loss);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "kvas=3*158.72;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "scl=3*3.95;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tcost=10*kvas+0.15*scl*time;\n",
-    "print('cost saving=',tcost);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tccost=cost*3*kvar;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('total three phase capacitor cost=',tccost,'$');\n",
-    "\n",
-    "duration=tccost/tcost;\n",
-    "print('capacitor cost will be recoverred in',duration,'months');\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "## ch-13 page 340   pb-3"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('duty cycle=', 0.5)\n",
-      "('avg o/p voltage=', 60.0)\n",
-      "('avg o/p current=', 4.0)\n",
-      "('avg o/p power=', 240.0)\n",
-      "('L min=', 3.0, 'mhenry')\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=120;\n",
-    "i=2;\n",
-    "f=1000;\n",
-    "to=(0.5)/1000;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "T=1/f;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "dr=(to)/T;\n",
-    "print('duty cycle=',dr);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vo=dr*v;\n",
-    "io=i/dr;\n",
-    "po=vo*io;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('avg o/p voltage=',vo);\n",
-    "print('avg o/p current=',io);\n",
-    "print('avg o/p power=',po);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "L=(dr*(v/10))/2;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('L min=',L,'mhenry');\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "## ch-14 page 363   pb-4"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('V dc=', 339.4112549695428)\n",
-      "('I dc=', 5.892556509887896)\n",
-      "('fundamental ac side rms current =', 8.333333333333334)\n",
-      "('THD=', 0.8259394650941436)\n",
-      "('I ac(rms)=', 10.77677544021814)\n",
-      "('I dc(rms)=', 9.023118455759443)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=240;\n",
-    "f=60;\n",
-    "p=2000;\n",
-    "dpf=1;\n",
-    "k1=73.2;k2=36.6;k3=8.1;k4=5.7;\n",
-    "k5=4.1;k6=2.9;k7=0.8;k8=0.4;\n",
-    "h1=3;h2=5;h3=7;h4=9;h5=11;h6=13;h7=17;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "vdc=math.sqrt(2)*v;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "idc=p/vdc;\n",
-    "print('V dc=',vdc);\n",
-    "print('I dc=',idc);\n",
-    "pac=p/dpf;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "is1=p/v;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('fundamental ac side rms current =',is1);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "k=(k1*k1)+k2*k2+k3*k3+k4*k4+k5*k5+k6*k6+k7*k7;\n",
-    "thd=(math.sqrt(k))/100;\n",
-    "print('THD=',thd);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "iac=is1*(math.sqrt(1+(0.82*0.82)));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "idcr=math.sqrt((iac*iac)-(idc*idc));\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('I ac(rms)=',iac);\n",
-    "print('I dc(rms)=',idcr);\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "## ch-16 page 454   pb-6"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "('fundamental load current =', 240.5626121623441)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "v=480;\n",
-    "k=1000;\n",
-    "p=200*k;\n",
-    "thd=600;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lc=p/(math.sqrt(3)*v);\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print('fundamental load current =',lc);\n"
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "anaconda-cloud": {},
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.6"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 1
-}
diff --git a/j_by_j/screenshots/SAPWEBIDE.png b/j_by_j/screenshots/SAPWEBIDE.png
deleted file mode 100644
index 912fc016..00000000
--- a/j_by_j/screenshots/SAPWEBIDE.png
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/j_by_j/screenshots/monica2.png b/j_by_j/screenshots/monica2.png
deleted file mode 100644
index 21d90884..00000000
--- a/j_by_j/screenshots/monica2.png
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/j_by_j/screenshots/pylab.png b/j_by_j/screenshots/pylab.png
deleted file mode 100644
index 0f57a00d..00000000
--- a/j_by_j/screenshots/pylab.png
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/pythonscript.py~ b/pythonscript.py~
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..14400f5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pythonscript.py~
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+
+import os,sys
+
+rootdir = os.getcwd()
+
+
+for path,dirname,files  in os.walk(rootdir):
+    for file in files: 
+        if file.endswith(".ipynb"):
+        	filename = file.split('.')
+        	version = filename[0].rsplit('_')
+        	print version
+        	if len(version)>1:
+        		try:
+        			int(version[-1])
+        			file_new = file
+        		except ValueError:
+        			file_new = file.replace('_'+version[-1],'')
+                
+                os.rename(os.path.join(path,file),os.path.join(path,file_new))
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ABHISHEKAGRAWAL/chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ABHISHEKAGRAWAL/ABHISHEKAGRAWAL_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 1bfa373e..1bfa373e 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/ABHISHEKAGRAWAL/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/ABHISHEKAGRAWAL/ABHISHEKAGRAWAL_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/Chapter_11_Inheritance.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/AJEET KUMARSINGH_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index 4f69b243..4f69b243 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/Chapter_11_Inheritance.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/AJEET KUMARSINGH_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/Chapter_11_Inheritance_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/AJEET KUMARSINGH_version_backup/Chapter_11_Inheritance_1.ipynb
index 4f69b243..4f69b243 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/Chapter_11_Inheritance_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/AJEET KUMARSINGH_version_backup/Chapter_11_Inheritance_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/Chapter_11_Inheritance_2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/AJEET KUMARSINGH_version_backup/Chapter_11_Inheritance_2.ipynb
index d92c896a..d92c896a 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/Chapter_11_Inheritance_2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/AJEET KUMARSINGH_version_backup/Chapter_11_Inheritance_2.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/Chapter_11_Inheritance_(1).ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/Chapter_11_Inheritance_(1).ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 4f69b243..00000000
--- a/sample_notebooks/AJEET KUMARSINGH/Chapter_11_Inheritance_(1).ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2636 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "",

-  "signature": "sha256:e85379c4218575d4b069259557cffbbc2d0259e3ba5d0e030c11dd77aae5e38d"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.1, Page Number:444"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#A simple classA having a public data member x\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.x=None\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#A simple classA having a public data member y        \n",

-      "class B(A):    #derived class\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.y=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "b=B()              #create a instance b of Derived class B\n",

-      "b.x=20\n",

-      "b.y=30\n",

-      "\n",

-      "print 'member of A:',b.x\n",

-      "print 'Member of B:',b.y"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "member of A: 20\n",

-        "Member of B: 30\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.2, Page Number:445"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):        #class A having x as a private data member\n",

-      "        self.__x=20\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "    def showx(self):\n",

-      "        print \"x=\",self.__x\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class B(A):                     #Derived class\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.y=30             #class B having y as a public data member\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        a=A()\n",

-      "        a.showx()\n",

-      "        print \"y=\",self.y\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "b=B()                          #declaration of object\n",

-      "                                #class the method of derived class object by a derived class instance\n",

-      "b.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "x= 20\n",

-        "y= 30\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.3, Page Number:447"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#base class\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.x=None        #x is a public member\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "#derived class\n",

-      "class B(A):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.y=40             \n",

-      "        A.__x=20            #since it is privately inherites base class ,x become private member of it\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        print \"x=\",A.__x\n",

-      "        print \"y=\",self.y\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "b=B()\n",

-      "b.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "x= 20\n",

-        "y= 40\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.4, Page Number:448"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.__x=20         #x is a privet member of it\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def showx(self):          \n",

-      "        print \"x=\",self.__x\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class B(A):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.y=40           #y is a public member of it\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        a=A()\n",

-      "        a.showx()          #call the base class method\n",

-      "        print \"y=\",self.y\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "b=B()\n",

-      "b.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "x= 20\n",

-        "y= 40\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.5, Page Number:449"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._x=None      #x is a protected member of the base class\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class B(A):              #private inheritance,x become a private member of the derived class\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.y=40\n",

-      "        self.__x=30\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "    \n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        print \"x=\",self.__x\n",

-      "        print \"y=\",self.y\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "b=B()\n",

-      "b.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "x= 30\n",

-        "y= 40\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.6, Page Number:456"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "class ABC:                 #Base class\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._name=None  #these 2 are protected data member\n",

-      "        self._age=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class abc(ABC):          #Derived class ,Public derivation\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.height=None\n",

-      "        self.weight=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def getdata(self):\n",

-      "       \n",

-      "        self.name=raw_input(\"Enter a name: \")     #take inputes to all the data members \n",

-      "        self.age=raw_input(\"Enter a age: \")  \n",

-      "        self._height=raw_input(\"Enter a Height: \")  \n",

-      "        self._weight=raw_input(\"Enter a Weight: \")  \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):                               #display the value of data members\n",

-      "        print 'Name:',self.name \n",

-      "        print 'Age:',self.age,\"years\"\n",

-      "        print 'Height:',self._height,\"Feets\"\n",

-      "        print 'Weight:',self._weight,\"kg.\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "x=abc()\n",

-      "x.getdata()\n",

-      "x.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter a name: Santosh\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter a age: 24\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter a Height: 4.5\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter a Weight: 50\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Name: Santosh\n",

-        "Age: 24 years\n",

-        "Height: 4.5 Feets\n",

-        "Weight: 50 kg.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.7, Page Number:458"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "class A1:                 #super Base class,have 2 protected data members\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._name=None\n",

-      "        self._age=None\n",

-      "\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class A2(A1):            #Public derivation\n",

-      "    def __init(self):\n",

-      "        self._height=None\n",

-      "        self._weight=None\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A3(A2):           #public Derivation\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._sex=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def get(self):        #get input \n",

-      "        self._name=raw_input(\"Name: \")\n",

-      "        self._age=raw_input(\"Age: \")\n",

-      "        self._sex=raw_input(\"Sex: \")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        self._height=raw_input(\"Height: \")\n",

-      "        self._weight=raw_input(\"Weight: \")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):       #Display values of all the data members\n",

-      "        print \"Name:\",self._name\n",

-      "        print \"Age:\",self._age ,\"years\"\n",

-      "        print \"Sex:\",self._sex\n",

-      "        print \"Height:\",self._height ,\"Feet\"\n",

-      "        print \"Weight:\",self._weight ,\"Kg.\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "\n",

-      "x=A3()\n",

-      "x.get()\n",

-      "x.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Name: Balaji\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Age: 26\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Sex: M\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Height: 4\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Weight: 49.5\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Name: Balaji\n",

-        "Age: 26 years\n",

-        "Sex: M\n",

-        "Height: 4 Feet\n",

-        "Weight: 49.5 Kg.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.8, Page Number:459"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Example of multiple Inheritance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._a=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class B:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._b=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class C:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._c=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class D:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._d=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class E(A,B,C,D):   #inherites all the base classes publically\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.e=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def getdata(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Enter the value of a,b,c &d &e:\"\n",

-      "        self._a=input()\n",

-      "        self._b=input()\n",

-      "        self._c=input()\n",

-      "        self._d=input()\n",

-      "        self._e=input()\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        print\"a=\",self._a,\"b=\",self._b,\"c=\",self._c,\"d=\",self._d,\"e=\",self._e\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "x=E()          #x is the instance of the derived class\n",

-      "x.getdata()    #call the methods of derived class through x \n",

-      "x.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter the value of a,b,c &d &e:\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "1\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "2\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "4\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "8\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "16\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "a= 1 b= 2 c= 4 d= 8 e= 16\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.9, Page Number:461"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "class red:                #these three base class\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Red\",\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class yellow:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Yellow\",\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class blue:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Blue\",\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class orange(red,yellow):  #public multiple Derivation\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        red.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        yellow.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"=Orange\",\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class green(blue,yellow):  #public multiple Derivation\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        blue.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        yellow.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"=Green\",\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class violet(red,blue):   #public multiple Derivation\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        red.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        blue.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"=Violet\",\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class reddishbrown(orange,violet):   #public multiple & multilevel Derivation\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"=Reddishbrown\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class yellowishbrown(green,orange):     #public multiple & multilevel Derivation\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"=Yellowishbrown\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class bluishbrown(violet,green):       #public multiple & multilevel Derivation\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"=Bluishbrown\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "r=reddishbrown()   #create instances of the derived class\n",

-      "b=bluishbrown()\n",

-      "y=yellowishbrown()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Red Yellow =Orange Red Blue =Violet =Reddishbrown\n",

-        "Red Blue =Violet Blue Yellow =Green =Bluishbrown\n",

-        "Blue Yellow =Green Red Yellow =Orange =Yellowishbrown\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.10, Page Number:463"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# WAP to create a derived class from multiple base classes\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class PLAYER:               #these three are the base classes\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._name=None\n",

-      "        self._gender=None\n",

-      "        self._age\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class PHYSIQUE(PLAYER):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._height=None\n",

-      "        self._weight=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class LOCATION:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._city=None\n",

-      "        self._pin=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class GAME(PHYSIQUE,LOCATION): #Multiple derivation\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._game=None\n",

-      "    def getdata(self):        #Method to take inputes\n",

-      "        print\"Enter the following information\\n\\n\"\n",

-      "        self._name=raw_input(\"Name:\")\n",

-      "        self._gender=raw_input(\"Gender:\")\n",

-      "        self._age=raw_input(\"Age:\")\n",

-      "        self._height=raw_input(\"Height:\")\n",

-      "        self._weight=raw_input(\"Weight:\")\n",

-      "        self._city=raw_input(\"City:\")\n",

-      "        self._pin=raw_input(\"Pin:\")\n",

-      "        self._game=raw_input(\"game:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):           #Method for displaying inputes\n",

-      "        print\"Entered Information!!\"\n",

-      "        print\"Name:\",self._name\n",

-      "        print \"Gender:\",self._gender\n",

-      "        print \"Age:\",self._age\n",

-      "        print \"Height:\",self._height\n",

-      "        print \"Weight:\",self._weight\n",

-      "        print \"City :\",self._city\n",

-      "        print \"Pincode:\",self._pin\n",

-      "        print \"Game :\",self._game\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "G=GAME()                      #create an instance of the derived class\n",

-      "G.getdata()                  #call the public methods by the created instances\n",

-      "G.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter the following information\n",

-        "\n",

-        "\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Name:Mahesh\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Gender:M\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Age:25\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Height:4.9\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Weight:55\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "City:Nanded\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Pin:431603\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "game:Cricket\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Entered Information!!\n",

-        "Name: Mahesh\n",

-        "Gender: M\n",

-        "Age: 25\n",

-        "Height: 4.9\n",

-        "Weight: 55\n",

-        "City : Nanded\n",

-        "Pincode: 431603\n",

-        "Game : Cricket\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.11, Page Number:467"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Multipath Inheritance,concept of virtual classes\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A1:                   #Super base class\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._a1=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class A2(A1):              #base class 1,inherites Super Base class\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._a2=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class A3(A1):              #base class 2,inherites Super Base class\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._a3=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class A4(A2,A3):          #derived class ,public derivation of both the base classes\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.__a4=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def get(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Enter the value of a1,a2,a3,and a4:\"\n",

-      "        self._a1=input()\n",

-      "        self._a2=input()\n",

-      "        self._a3=input()\n",

-      "        self.__a4=input()\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def put(self):\n",

-      "        print \"a1=\",self._a1,\"a2=\",self._a2,\"a3=\",self._a3,\"a4=\",self.__a4\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "a=A4()           #create the instance of the derived class\n",

-      "a.get()\n",

-      "a.put()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter the value of a1,a2,a3,and a4:\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "5\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "8\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "7\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "3\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "a1= 5 a2= 8 a3= 7 a4= 3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.12, Page Number:469"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#To show order of execution of the constructors and destructors in multiple inheritance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#**NOTE:Python destuctor is called when program goes exit. So output may be differ than c++\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print\"Zero argument Constructor of base class A\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print\"Destructor of class A\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class B:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print\"Zero argument Constructor of base class B\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "         print\"Destructor of class B\"\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class C(A,B):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print\"Zero argument Constructor of base class C\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print\"Destructor of class C\"\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__del__(self)\n",

-      "            \n",

-      "c=C()     #create instance of derived class"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Zero argument Constructor of base class A\n",

-        "Zero argument Constructor of base class B\n",

-        "Zero argument Constructor of base class C\n",

-        "Destructor of class C\n",

-        "Destructor of class A\n",

-        "Destructor of class B\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.13, Page Number:471"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#WAP to use constructor and destructor in all the classess\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A1:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):                 #take name and age as input in super base class\n",

-      "        self._name=raw_input(\"Name:\")\n",

-      "        self._age=raw_input(\"Age:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print\"Name:\",self._name\n",

-      "        print\"Age\",self._age\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class A2(A1):                         #take height and weight as input in base base class,public derivation \n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        A1.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        self._height=raw_input(\"Height:\")\n",

-      "        self._weight=raw_input(\"Weight:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print\"Height:\",self._height\n",

-      "        print\"Weight:\",self._weight\n",

-      "        A1.__del__(self)\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class A3(A2):                       #take sex as input in derived class,derived from class A2\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        A2.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        self.__sex=raw_input(\"Sex:\")\n",

-      "    def __del__(self):              #display all the input taken by all the base classes\n",

-      "        print\"Sex:\",self.__sex\n",

-      "        A2.__del__(self)\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "x=A3()    #create instance x of the class A3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "del x     #call the destructor"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Name:Ajay\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Age:20\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Height:4.5\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Weight:40\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Sex:M\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Sex: M\n",

-        "Height: 4.5\n",

-        "Weight: 40\n",

-        "Name: Ajay\n",

-        "Age 20\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.14, Page Number:472"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#To create derived class from the base class,by constructor and destructor\n",

-      "class in_t:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._i=1\n",

-      "        print\"Constructor in_t()\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print\"Destructor in_t()\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class floa_t:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._f=1.5\n",

-      "        print\"Constructor floa_t()\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print\"Destructor floa_t()\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class cha_r(in_t,floa_t):    #multiple derivation\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._c='A'\n",

-      "        print\"Constructor cha_r()\"\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        print\"i=\",self._i\n",

-      "        print \"f=\",self._f\n",

-      "        print \"c=\",self._c\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructing cha_r()\"\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__del__(self)\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "a=cha_r()   #create derived class instance and call the public method of the derived class\n",

-      "a.show()              #**NOTE:Python destuctor is called when program goes exit. So output may be differ than c++"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Constructor cha_r()\n",

-        "Constructor in_t()\n",

-        "Constructor floa_t()\n",

-        "i= 1\n",

-        "f= 1.5\n",

-        "c= A\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.15, Page Number:474"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "\n",

-      "class I:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.x=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class II(I):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.__y=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def set(self,j,k):\n",

-      "        self.x=j\n",

-      "        self.__y=k\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        print \"X=\",self.x, \"Y=\",self.__y\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "i=II()\n",

-      "i.set(4,5)\n",

-      "i.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "X= 4 Y= 5\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.16, Page Number:475"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "class I:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.x=10\n",

-      "        print \"In the Base class constuctor\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class II(I):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        I.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        self.__y=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "i=II()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "In the Base class constuctor\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.17, Page Number:475"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#base class without constructor and derived class with constructor\n",

-      "class I:\n",

-      "    pass\n",

-      "class II(I):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"In derived class constructor\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "i=II()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "In derived class constructor\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.18, Page Number:476"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#both the class have constructor\n",

-      "class I:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"In base class Constructor\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class II(I):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        I.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"In derived Class constructor\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "i=II()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "In base class Constructor\n",

-        "In derived Class constructor\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.19, Page Number:477"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#multiple constructor in base class and single constructor in the derived class\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class I:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument base class construtor\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __init__(self,k):\n",

-      "        self.x=None\n",

-      "        print \"One argument base class construtor\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class II(I):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self,j,k=None):     #default constructor\n",

-      "        I.__init__(self,k)\n",

-      "        self.__y=j\n",

-      "        print \"One argument derived class constructor\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "i=II(2)    #create the instance of the base class by passing initial value "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "One argument base class construtor\n",

-        "One argument derived class constructor\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.20, Page Number:478"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#base and derived class without default constructor\n",

-      "class I:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self,k):\n",

-      "        self.x=k\n",

-      "        print \"One argument base class construtor\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class II(I):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self,j):\n",

-      "        I.__init__(self,j)\n",

-      "        self.__y=j\n",

-      "        print \"One argument derived class construtor\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "i=II(2)        #create the instance of the base class by passing initial value "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "One argument base class construtor\n",

-        "One argument derived class construtor\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.21, Page Number:479"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Constructors and multiple inheritance\n",

-      "class I:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class I\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class II:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class II\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class III(II,I):   #class III inhrites class II and I\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__init__(self) \n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class III\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "i=III()    #create an instance of the base class\n",

-      "    "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class II\n",

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class I\n",

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class III\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.22, Page Number:480"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Constructors in multiple inhritance with invoking constructor of the base classes\n",

-      "class I:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class I\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class II:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class II\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class III(II,I):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        II.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        I.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class III\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "i=III()\n",

-      "    "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class II\n",

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class I\n",

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class III\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 16

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.23, Page Number:481"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#multiple inheritance,invoking the base classes explicitly\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class I:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class I\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class II:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class II\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class III(II,I): #Class I is virtually inherited so its constructor called first\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        I.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        II.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class III\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "i=III()\n",

-      "    "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class I\n",

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class II\n",

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class III\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.24, Page Number:482"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#multilevel Inheritance,observation of the execution of the constructors\n",

-      "class I:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class I\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class II(I):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        I.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class II\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class III(II): #Class I is virtually inherited so its constructor called first\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        II.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"Zero argument constructor of base class III\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "i=III()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class I\n",

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class II\n",

-        "Zero argument constructor of base class III\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 18

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.25, Page Number:484"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#use object of one class in  another class as a member\n",

-      "class I:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.x=20\n",

-      "        print \"Constructor of class I\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class II:\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.k=30\n",

-      "        y=I()\n",

-      "        print \"Constructor of class II\"\n",

-      "        print \"x=\",y.x #print here because it become local variable in this scope only,it not visible to def show\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        print \"k=\",self.k\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "ii=II()\n",

-      "ii.show()    #**NOTE:Python destuctor is called when program goes exit. So output may be differ than c++"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Constructor of class I\n",

-        "Constructor of class II\n",

-        "x= 20\n",

-        "k= 30\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.26, Page Number:484"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#access a member variable of base class using object,class name, and direct\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A1:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.name=None\n",

-      "        self.age=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class A2(A1):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        A1.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        a=A1()\n",

-      "        print \"Access using name of the class:\"\n",

-      "        A1.name=raw_input(\"Name:\")\n",

-      "        A1.age=raw_input(\"Age:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        print \"Access using object of the class\"\n",

-      "        a.name=raw_input(\"Name:\")\n",

-      "        a.age=raw_input(\"Age:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        print \"Access using direct member variables:\"\n",

-      "        self.name=raw_input(\"Name:\")\n",

-      "        self.age=raw_input(\"Age:\")\n",

-      "        self.__height=raw_input(\"Height:\")\n",

-      "        self.__weight=raw_input(\"Weight:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        print \"Display using object of the class\"  #since object of class A1 has scope in constructor method so we can access it only \n",

-      "        print \"Name:\",a.name                       #  within this method.It is not visible in destructor function.\n",

-      "        print \"Age:\",a.age\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "            \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of Derived class\"\n",

-      "        print \"Display using class name\"\n",

-      "        print \"Name:\",A1.name\n",

-      "        print \"Age:\",A1.age\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        print \"Display using direct member variable\"\n",

-      "        print \"Name:\",self.name\n",

-      "        print \"Age\",self.age\n",

-      "        print \"height:\",self.__height\n",

-      "        print \"Weight:\",self.__weight\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "x=A2()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "del x\n",

-      "        "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Access using name of the class:\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Name:Ajay\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Age:21\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Access using object of the class\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Name:Amit\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Age:20\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Access using direct member variables:\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Name:Arun\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Age:19\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Height:5.5\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Weight:31\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Display using object of the class\n",

-        "Name: Amit\n",

-        "Age: 20\n",

-        "Destructor of Derived class\n",

-        "Display using class name\n",

-        "Name: Ajay\n",

-        "Age: 21\n",

-        "Display using direct member variable\n",

-        "Name: Arun\n",

-        "Age 19\n",

-        "height: 5.5\n",

-        "Weight: 31\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 20

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.27, Page Number:488"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#derive a class from two base classes,object of these 2 classes is the member variable of the third class\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.a1=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class B:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.b1=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class AB:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        a=A()\n",

-      "        b=B()\n",

-      "        a.a1=65     #initialize the two data members of the class A and B and Display them\n",

-      "        b.b1=66\n",

-      "        print \"a1=\",a.a1, \"b1=\",b.b1\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        pass\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "    \n",

-      "ab=AB()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "a1= 65 b1= 66\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 21

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.28, Page Number:489"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#create derived class from qualifier class\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.x=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    class B:\n",

-      "        def __init__(self):\n",

-      "            self.y=None\n",

-      "            \n",

-      "            \n",

-      "class C(A,A.B): #A.B is the inner class of the class A\n",

-      "    def __init__(self,j,k,l):\n",

-      "        self.x=j\n",

-      "        self.y=k\n",

-      "        self.z=l\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        print \"x=\",self.x,\"y=\",self.y,\"z=\",self.z\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "c=C(4,7,1)\n",

-      "c.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "x= 4 y= 7 z= 1\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 23

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.29, Page Number:490"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#initialize member variable of the base class and derived class using constructor of the derived class\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self._x=None     #protected members\n",

-      "        self._y=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class B(A):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.z=3\n",

-      "        self.__x=1     #private members\n",

-      "        self.__y=2\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        print \"x=\",self.__x,\"y=\",self.__y,\"z=\",self.z\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "b=B()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "x= 1 y= 2 z= 3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 24

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.30, Page Number:491"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#access data members by object pointer\n",

-      "\n",

-      "from ctypes import *\n",

-      "import ctypes\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.x=1\n",

-      "        self.y=2\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class B(A):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        A.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        self.z=3\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "b=B()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "i=c_int(b.z)\n",

-      "p=pointer(i)\n",

-      "print \"Address of z:\",addressof(p),\"Value of Z:\",p[0] #access the\n",

-      "\n",

-      "i = c_int(b.y)\n",

-      "p = pointer(i)\n",

-      "print \"Address of y:\",addressof(p),\"Value of y:\",p[0]  \n",

-      "\n",

-      "i = c_int(b.x)\n",

-      "p = pointer(i)\n",

-      "print \"Address of x:\",addressof(p),\"Value of x:\",p[0]  \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#**NOTE-In case of C++ the data members of the derived class and base class are stored in contigious memory locations so we can \n",

-      "#access the three variables by using a pointer of derived class and decrementing its value. But in case of Python they are NOT stored \n",

-      "#in contogious memory locations so for accessing each data member we have to create individual object pointer for each class."

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Address of z: 57077392 Value of Z: 3\n",

-        "Address of y: 57074448 Value of y: 2\n",

-        "Address of x: 57077648 Value of x: 1\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.31, Page Number:492"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#overload member function in base and derived class\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class B:\n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        print \"In base class function\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class D(B):\n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        print \"In Derived class\"\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "    \n",

-      "b=B()\n",

-      "d=D()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "b.show()\n",

-      "d.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "bp=[B()]  #create a base class pointer variable\n",

-      "bp[0]=d   #assign address of the derived class object to the base class pointer\n",

-      "bp[0].show()  #call the derived class method by base class pointer\n",

-      "b.show()  #calling the base class method by base class object"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "In base class function\n",

-        "In Derived class\n",

-        "In Derived class\n",

-        "In base class function\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 25

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.32, Page Number:495"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Constuctor and destructors in single inheritance\n",

-      "class Father:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Base Class constructor.\"\n",

-      "        self._name=raw_input(\"Enter Father Name:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Base class Destructor.\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class Child(Father):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        Father.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"Derived class constructor.\"\n",

-      "        self.__cname=raw_input(\"Enter child name:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Derived class destructor.\"\n",

-      "        print \"\",self.__cname,\"\",self.__name\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__del__(self)\n",

-      "       \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "C=Child()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Base Class constructor.\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter Father Name:Manoj\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Derived class constructor.\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter child name:Sanjay\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Derived class destructor.\n",

-        " Sanjay  Manoj\n",

-        "Base class Destructor.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 37

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.33, Page Number:496"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Constuctor and destructors in multilevel inheritance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class Grandfather:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print\"Constructor of class grandfather\"\n",

-      "        self._gname=raw_input(\"Enter Grandfather Name:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of class grandfather\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class Father(Grandfather):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        Grandfather.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print\"Constructor of class Father\"\n",

-      "        self._name=raw_input(\"Enter Father Name:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of class Father\"\n",

-      "        Grandfather.__del__(self)\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class Child(Father):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        Father.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print\"Constructor of class Child\"\n",

-      "        self.__cname=raw_input(\"Enter Child Name:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of class Child\"\n",

-      "        print \"Grandfather:\",self._gname,\"Father:\",self._name,\"Child:\",self.__cname\n",

-      "        Father.__del__(self) \n",

-      "            \n",

-      "  \n",

-      "C=Child()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "del C   #call the destructor of the derived class\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Constructor of class grandfather\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter Grandfather Name:x\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Constructor of class Father\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter Father Name:y\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Constructor of class Child\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter Child Name:z\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Destructor of class Child\n",

-        "Grandfather: x Father: y Child: z\n",

-        "Destructor of class Father\n",

-        "Destructor of class grandfather\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 39

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.34, Page Number:498"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#program to explain multilevel inheritance with member function\n",

-      "class Grandfather:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.__gname=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def getg(self):\n",

-      "        self.__gname=raw_input(\"Enter Grandfather Name:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def showg(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Grandfather Name:\",self.__gname\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class Father(Grandfather):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.__name=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def getf(self):\n",

-      "        self.__name=raw_input(\"Enter Father Name:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def showf(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Father Name:\",self.__name\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class Child(Father):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.__cname=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def getc(self):\n",

-      "        self.getg()\n",

-      "        self.getf()\n",

-      "        self.__cname=raw_input(\"Enter Child Name:\")\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def showc(self):\n",

-      "        self.showg()\n",

-      "        self.showf()\n",

-      "        print \"child Name:\",self.__cname\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "C=Child()\n",

-      "C.getc()\n",

-      "C.showc()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter Grandfather Name:XXX\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter Father Name:YYY\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "name": "stdout",

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Enter Child Name:ZZZ\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Grandfather Name: XXX\n",

-        "Father Name: YYY\n",

-        "child Name: ZZZ\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 40

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.35, Page Number:499"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#execution of constructor and destructor in multilevel inheritance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Constructor of class A\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of class A\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class B:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Constructor of class B\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of class B\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class C:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Constructor of class C\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of class C\"\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "    \n",

-      "class D(A,B,C):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__init__(self) \n",

-      "        print \"Constructor of class D\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of class D\"\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__del__(self)\n",

-      "            \n",

-      "x=D()      \n",

-      "         #**NOTE:Python destuctor is called when program goes exit. So output may be differ than c++"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Constructor of class A\n",

-        "Constructor of class B\n",

-        "Constructor of class C\n",

-        "Constructor of class D\n",

-        "Destructor of class D\n",

-        "Destructor of class A\n",

-        "Destructor of class B\n",

-        "Destructor of class C\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 42

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.37, Page Number:502"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#execution of constructor and destructor in multilevel inheritance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Constructor of class A\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of class A\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class B(A):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        A.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"Constructor of class B\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of class B\"\n",

-      "        A.__del__(self)\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class C:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Constructor of class C\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of class C\"\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "    \n",

-      "class D(B,C):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        B.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        C.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        print \"Constructor of class D\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __del__(self):\n",

-      "        print \"Destructor of class D\"\n",

-      "        B.__del__(self)\n",

-      "        C.__del__(self)\n",

-      "            \n",

-      "x=D() \n",

-      "del x\n",

-      "         #**NOTE:Python destuctor is called when program goes exit. So output may be differ than c++"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Constructor of class A\n",

-        "Constructor of class B\n",

-        "Constructor of class C\n",

-        "Constructor of class D\n",

-        "Destructor of class D\n",

-        "Destructor of class B\n",

-        "Destructor of class A\n",

-        "Destructor of class C\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 54

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.37, Page Number:502"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#demonstrate single inheritance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self,j=0):\n",

-      "        self._c=j\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        print \"c=\",self._c\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def inc(self):\n",

-      "        self._c=self._c+1\n",

-      "        return self._c\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "class B(A):\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "    def __init_(self):\n",

-      "        for b in self.__class__.__bases__:\n",

-      "            b.__init__(self)\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def dec(self):\n",

-      "        self._c=self._c-1\n",

-      "        return self._c\n",

-      "    \n",

-      "    \n",

-      "a=B()\n",

-      "a.inc()\n",

-      "a.show()\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "a.dec()\n",

-      "a.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "c= 1\n",

-        "c= 0\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 44

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.38, Page Number:502"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#access method from private inheritance\n",

-      "class B:\n",

-      "    def one(self):\n",

-      "        print \"one\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def __two(self):\n",

-      "        print \"two\"\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class D(B):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "       pass\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "d=D()\n",

-      "d.one()\n",

-      "#d.two()    #Not accesible"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "one\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 45

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.39, Page Number:503"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#create a comman constructor in the lowermost class, in the multilevel inheritance\n",

-      "class A:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.x=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class B(A):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self):\n",

-      "        self.y=None\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class C(B):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self,j,k,l):\n",

-      "        self.z=l\n",

-      "        self.x=j\n",

-      "        self.y=k\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "    def show(self):\n",

-      "        print \"x=\",self.x,\"Y=\",self.y,\"z=\",self.z\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "c=C(4,7,1)\n",

-      "c.show()"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "x= 4 Y= 7 z= 1\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 46

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 11.40, Page Number:504"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Explicitly call the base constructor  in multiple inheritance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "class X:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self,a):\n",

-      "        print a,\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class Y:\n",

-      "    def __init__(self,b):\n",

-      "        print b,\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "class Z(X,Y):\n",

-      "    def __init__(self,p,q,r):\n",

-      "        X.__init__(self,p)\n",

-      "        Y.__init__(self,q)\n",

-      "        print r\n",

-      "        \n",

-      "        \n",

-      "z=Z(1,2,3)\n",

-      "        "

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "1 2 3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 47

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": []

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ARIJITCHATTERJEE/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ARIJITCHATTERJEE/ARIJITCHATTERJEE_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index d287e069..d287e069 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/ARIJITCHATTERJEE/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/ARIJITCHATTERJEE/ARIJITCHATTERJEE_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Abu BakkerSiddik/Functions_.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Abu BakkerSiddik/Functions.ipynb
index 4a23de26..4a23de26 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Abu BakkerSiddik/Functions_.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Abu BakkerSiddik/Functions.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/Chapter_8.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/AdityaAnand_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
index cbd1971a..cbd1971a 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/Chapter_8.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/AdityaAnand_version_backup/Chapter_8.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/Chapter_8_-_Gravitation.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/AdityaAnand_version_backup/Chapter_8_-.ipynb
index c08a4250..c08a4250 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/Chapter_8_-_Gravitation.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/AdityaAnand_version_backup/Chapter_8_-.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/Chapter_8_-_Gravitation_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/AdityaAnand_version_backup/Chapter_8_-_Gravitation_1.ipynb
index c08a4250..c08a4250 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/Chapter_8_-_Gravitation_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AdityaAnand/AdityaAnand_version_backup/Chapter_8_-_Gravitation_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AdityaR/Chapter_5-Sample_Notebook.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AdityaR/AdityaR_version_backup/Chapter_5-Sample.ipynb
index a77ec491..a77ec491 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AdityaR/Chapter_5-Sample_Notebook.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AdityaR/AdityaR_version_backup/Chapter_5-Sample.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/Sample_H.S._Fogler.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/AjaySatish_version_backup/Sample.S._Fogler.ipynb
index 51134ef9..51134ef9 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/Sample_H.S._Fogler.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/AjaySatish_version_backup/Sample.S._Fogler.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/Sample_H.S._Fogler_UPDATED.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/AjaySatish_version_backup/Sample.S._Fogler_UPDATED.ipynb
index a2bda001..a2bda001 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/Sample_H.S._Fogler_UPDATED.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/AjaySatish_version_backup/Sample.S._Fogler_UPDATED.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/Sample_H.S._Fogler_UPDATED_(1).ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/AjaySatish_version_backup/Sample.S._Fogler_UPDATED_(1).ipynb
index 2b950ef8..2b950ef8 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/Sample_H.S._Fogler_UPDATED_(1).ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AjaySatish/AjaySatish_version_backup/Sample.S._Fogler_UPDATED_(1).ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Akshay Ghogare/AKSHAY_GHOGARE.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Akshay Ghogare/Akshay Ghogare_version_backup/AKSHAY.ipynb
index fa395760..fa395760 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Akshay Ghogare/AKSHAY_GHOGARE.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Akshay Ghogare/Akshay Ghogare_version_backup/AKSHAY.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AkshayPatil/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AkshayPatil/AkshayPatil_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 8411e8ec..8411e8ec 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AkshayPatil/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AkshayPatil/AkshayPatil_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AkshayShende/chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AkshayShende/AkshayShende_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index d82b3395..d82b3395 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AkshayShende/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AkshayShende/AkshayShende_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AlokDadlani/ALOK_DADLANI.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AlokDadlani/AlokDadlani_version_backup/ALOK.ipynb
index 91d82daf..91d82daf 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AlokDadlani/ALOK_DADLANI.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AlokDadlani/AlokDadlani_version_backup/ALOK.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Aman KumarJain/Chapter_6_Objects_and_Classes.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Aman KumarJain/Aman KumarJain_version_backup/Chapter_6_Objects_and.ipynb
index 89a18f99..89a18f99 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Aman KumarJain/Chapter_6_Objects_and_Classes.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Aman KumarJain/Aman KumarJain_version_backup/Chapter_6_Objects_and.ipynb
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AnaySonawane/Solid_State_electronics.ipynb
index 1839cfe8..1839cfe8 100755
--- a/Solid_State_Electronics/Solid_State_electronics_Ch1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AnaySonawane/Solid_State_electronics.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AnaySonawane/Solid_State_electronics_Ch1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AnaySonawane/Solid_State_electronics_Ch1.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 1839cfe8..00000000
--- a/sample_notebooks/AnaySonawane/Solid_State_electronics_Ch1.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,971 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 1 : Introduction to Solid State Electronics"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.1, Page No. 17"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# ne in the doped silicon\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "ni=1.5*10**16               # in m^-3\n",

-      "nh=4.5*10**22               # in m^-3\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "ne=ni**2/nh\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\" ne in the doped silicon is,(m^-3) = %.f * 10^9\"%(ne/10**9))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        " ne in the doped silicon is,(m^-3) = 5 * 10^9\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 24

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.2, Page No. 17"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# resistivity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "\n",

-      "ne=8.0*10**19                # in m^-3\n",

-      "nh=5.0*10**18                # in m^-3\n",

-      "mu_e=2.3                     # in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "mu_h=.01                     # in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19                # in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "p=1/(e*((ne*mu_e)+(nh*mu_h)));\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(b) the resistivity,p(ohm-m)= %.1f * 10^-2\"%(p*10**2))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(b) the resistivity,p(ohm-m)= 3.4 * 10^-2\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 26

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.3, Page No. 17"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Density\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "\n",

-      "sigma=500.0              # in ohm^-1 m^-1\n",

-      "mu_e=0.39                # m^2/V-s\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19            # in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "ne=sigma/(e*mu_e);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"number density of donor,ne(m^-3) = %.2f * 10^21\"%(ne*10**-21))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "number density of donor,ne(m^-3) = 8.01 * 10^21\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 27

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.4, Page No. 18"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Density\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19          # in V\n",

-      "Pp=10**-2              # p-type silicon in ohm-m\n",

-      "Pn=10**-2              # n-type silicon in ohm-m\n",

-      "mu_p=0.048             # holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "mu_n=0.135             # electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Na=1/(e*mu_p*Pp);\n",

-      "Nd=1/(e*mu_n*Pn);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(i).  the density of impurity,Na (m^-3) = %.1f * 10^22\"%(Na*10**-22))\n",

-      "print(\"(ii). the density of impurity,Nd (m^-3) = %.2f * 10^21\"%(Nd*10**-21))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i).  the density of impurity,Na (m^-3) = 1.3 * 10^22\n",

-        "(ii). the density of impurity,Nd (m^-3) = 4.63 * 10^21\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 29

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.5, Page No. 18"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Resistivity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19                 # in V\n",

-      "n=2.5*10**19                  # m^3\n",

-      "p=n\n",

-      "ni=n\n",

-      "mu_p=0.17                     # holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "mu_n=0.36                     # electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "sgint=e*(ni*(mu_p+mu_n))      #electrical conductivity in mho/metre\n",

-      "pint=1/sgint                  #resistivity in ohm-meter\n",

-      "print(\"electrical conductivity is ,(mho/metre)= %.2f\"%sgint)\n",

-      "print(\"resistivity is ,(ohm-metre)= %.2f\"%pint)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "electrical conductivity is ,(mho/metre)= 2.12\n",

-        "resistivity is ,(ohm-metre)= 0.47\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 30

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.6, Page No. 18"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Conductivity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19            # in V\n",

-      "ni=1.5*10**16            # in m^3\n",

-      "mu_p=0.13                # holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "mu_n=0.05                # electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "siat=10.0**8             # number of silicon atoms\n",

-      "ta=5.0*10**28            # silicon atoms in atoms/m^3\n",

-      "mu_n2=0.13                # electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "siat2=10.0**8            # number of silicon atoms\n",

-      "ta2=5.0*10**28           # silicon atoms in atoms/m^3\n",

-      "mu_p2=0.05                # holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "sgint=e*(ni*(mu_p+mu_n)) # electrical conductivity in mho/m\n",

-      "Nd=ta/siat               # in atoms/m^3\n",

-      "p= ni**2/Nd              # holes concentration in holes/m^3\n",

-      "n=Nd\n",

-      "sntype=e*n*mu_n2          # in mho/m\n",

-      "Na=ta2/siat2               # in atoms/m^3\n",

-      "n= ni**2/Na              # holes concentration in holes/m^3\n",

-      "sptype=e*Na*mu_p2          # in mho/m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "print(\"(i) electrical conductivity is ,(mhos/m)    = %.2f * 10^-4\"%(sgint*10**4))\n",

-      "print(\"(ii) holes concentration is, (holes/m^3)    = %.1f *10^11\"%(p*10**-11))\n",

-      "print(\"(ii) conductivity is ,(mho/m)               = %.1f\"%sntype)\n",

-      "print(\"(iii) electron concentration is, (holes/m^3)= %.1f * 10^11\"%(n/10**11))\n",

-      "print(\"(iii) conductivity is ,(mho/m)              = %.1f\"%sptype)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i) electrical conductivity is ,(mhos/m)    = 4.32 * 10^-4\n",

-        "(ii) holes concentration is, (holes/m^3)    = 4.5 *10^11\n",

-        "(ii) conductivity is ,(mho/m)               = 10.4\n",

-        "(iii) electron concentration is, (holes/m^3)= 4.5 * 10^11\n",

-        "(iii) conductivity is ,(mho/m)              = 4.0\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 34

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.7, Page No. 19"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# Fermi Level\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "#Nd1=Nc*exp^-(Ec-Ef1)/kT ...Formula Used\n",

-      "Nc=1.0               #assume\n",

-      "kT=0.03              #eV\n",

-      "EcEf1=0.5            #position of Fermi level in V\n",

-      "Nd=1.0               #assume\n",

-      "Nd1=3*Nd             #After tripling the donor concentration\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "EcEf2=(EcEf1-(kT*(math.log(Nd1/Nd))))\n",

-      "print(\"new position of Fermi-level is %.3f eV below conduction band\"%(math.ceil(EcEf2*1000)/1000))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "new position of Fermi-level is 0.468 eV below conduction band\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 37

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.8, Page No. 20"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# density\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19           # in V\n",

-      "Pp=10**-1               # p-type silicon in ohm-m\n",

-      "Pn=10**-1               # n-type silicon in ohm-m\n",

-      "mu_h=0.05               # holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "mu_e=0.13               # electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Na=1/(e*mu_h*Pp);\n",

-      "Nd=1/(e*mu_e*Pn);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(i).  the density of impurity,Na (m^-3) = %.2f * 10^21\"%(Na/10**21))\n",

-      "print(\"(ii). the density of impurity,Nd (m^-3) = %.1f * 10^20\"%(Nd/10**20))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i).  the density of impurity,Na (m^-3) = 1.25 * 10^21\n",

-        "(ii). the density of impurity,Nd (m^-3) = 4.8 * 10^20\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 9

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.9, Page No. 20"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19              # in V\n",

-      "Pp=10**-1                  # p-type silicon in ohm-m\n",

-      "Pn=10**-1                  # n-type silicon in ohm-m\n",

-      "mu_hsi=0.048               # holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "mu_esi=0.135               # electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "nisi=1.5*10**16            # in m^-3\n",

-      "nesi=nisi\n",

-      "nhsi=nisi\n",

-      "mu_hge=0.19                # holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "mu_ege=0.39                # electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "A=1*10**-4                 # area in m^2\n",

-      "nige=2.4*10**19            # in m^-3\n",

-      "V=2.0                      # in V\n",

-      "l=0.1                      # in m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Isi= e*A*(V/l)*((nesi*mu_esi)+(nhsi*mu_hsi))\n",

-      "#Current for silicon is calculated wrong in the textbook\n",

-      "nege=nige\n",

-      "nhge=nige\n",

-      "Ige= e*A*(V/l)*((nege*mu_ege)+(nhge*mu_hge))\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Total current for silicon is,(A)  = %f\"%Isi)\n",

-      "print(\"Total current for germanium is,(A)= %.2f * 10^-3\"%(math.ceil(Ige*10**5)/100))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Total current for silicon is,(A)  = 0.000001\n",

-        "Total current for germanium is,(A)= 4.46 * 10^-3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 41

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.10, Page No. 21"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# hole concentration and conductivity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "nh=2*10**21       # acceptor atoms in atoms/m^3\n",

-      "mu_h=0.17        # mobility of holes in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19    # in C\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Na=nh\n",

-      "sigma=nh*mu_h*e;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"hole concentration,Na(atoms/m^3) = %.1f * 10^21\"%(Na/10**21))\n",

-      "print(\"conductivity,(ohm^-1-m^-1)       = %.1f\"%sigma)\n",

-      "#conductivity is calculated wrong in the book"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "hole concentration,Na(atoms/m^3) = 2.0 * 10^21\n",

-        "conductivity,(ohm^-1-m^-1)       = 54.4\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 42

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.11, Page No. 22"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# donor concentration\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "p=0.15                  # in ohm-m\n",

-      "mu_e=0.39               # mobility of electron in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19           # in C\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Na=1/(e*mu_e*p);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"The value of donor concentration,Na(m^-3) = %.2f * 10^20\"%(Na/10**20))"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The value of donor concentration,Na(m^-3) = 1.07 * 10^20\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 28

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.12, Page No. 12"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# resistivity\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "mu_n=0.13            # in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "mu_p=0.05            # in m^2/V-s\n",

-      "ni=1.5*10**16        # in m^-3\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19        # in C\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "p=1/((e*ni)*(mu_n+mu_p));\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"The resistivity,p(ohm-m) = %.1f\"%p)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The resistivity,p(ohm-m) = 2314.8\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 30

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.13, Page No. 37"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# current\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19             # electron charge in coulombs\n",

-      "k=1.38*10**-23            # Boltzmann constant in m^2-kg/s^2-K^-1\n",

-      "T=300.0                   # in Kelvin\n",

-      "I=240.0                   # in mA\n",

-      "eta=2.0\n",

-      "Ve=0.8                    # in V\n",

-      "V=0.7                     # in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vt=(k*T)/e                # in V\n",

-      "Id=I*math.e**((V-Ve)/(eta*Vt)) #in mA\n",

-      "Ir=(I/((math.e**(Ve/(eta*Vt)))-1))*10**6\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(i)  Current is ,(mA) = %.f\"%(round(Id)))\n",

-      "print(\"(ii) reverse saturation current is ,(nA) = %.f\"%(round(Ir)))\n",

-      "#reverse saturation current is calculated wrong in the textbook"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(i)  Current is ,(mA) = 35\n",

-        "(ii) reverse saturation current is ,(nA) = 46\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.14, Page No. 38"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# diode current and voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19             # electron charge in coulombs\n",

-      "k=1.38*10**-23            # Boltzmann constant in m^2-kg/s^2-K^-1\n",

-      "T=300.0                   # in Kelvin\n",

-      "Ir1=10**-10               # in A\n",

-      "Ir2=10**-12               # in A \n",

-      "V211=0.5                  # in V\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Vt=(k*T)/e\n",

-      "Vt = math.ceil(Vt*1000)/1000\n",

-      "V21=((Vt)*math.log10(Ir1/Ir2))*2.3026\n",

-      "V21 = math.floor(V21*10000)/10000\n",

-      "V2=(1.0/2)*(V21+V211)\n",

-      "V1=(1.0/2)*(V211-V21)\n",

-      "I1=Ir2*math.e**(V2/Vt)*10**6\n",

-      "I2=I1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"diode voltage V2 is ,(V)   = %.5f\"%V2)\n",

-      "print(\"diode voltage V1 is ,(V)   = %.5f\"%V1)\n",

-      "print(\"diode current is,(micro-A) = %.4f\"%I1)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "diode voltage V2 is ,(V)   = 0.30985\n",

-        "diode voltage V1 is ,(V)   = 0.19015\n",

-        "diode current is,(micro-A) = 0.1498\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 50

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.15, Page No. 39"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19             # electron charge in coulombs\n",

-      "k=1.38*10**-23            # Boltzmann constant in m^2-kg/s^2-K^-1\n",

-      "T=300.0                   # in Kelvin\n",

-      "Ir1=10**-12               # in A\n",

-      "Ir2=10**-10               # in A\n",

-      "It=2.0                    #  mA\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "I21=Ir2/Ir1\n",

-      "Vt=(k*T)/e                # in V\n",

-      "Vt = math.ceil(Vt*1000)/1000\n",

-      "I1=It/(1+I21)*10**3       # in micro-A\n",

-      "I2=It*10**3-I1            # in micro-A\n",

-      "I1=I2/I21                 # in micro-A\n",

-      "x=((I1*10**-6)/Ir1)\n",

-      "V=Vt*math.log10(x)*2.3026\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"diode voltage is ,(V) = %.3f\"%V)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "diode voltage is ,(V) = 0.437\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 53

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.16, Page No. 39"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# voltage\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "T=27.0              # degree Celsius\n",

-      "Tk=273+T            # in Kelvin\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19       # electron charge in coulombs\n",

-      "k=1.38*10**-23      # Boltzmann constant in m^2-kg/s^2-K^-1\n",

-      "J=10**4             # in Amp/m^2\n",

-      "Jo=200.0            #in mA/m^2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "x=(J/(Jo*10**-3))\n",

-      "Ve=((math.log(x))*k*Tk)/e\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"voltage to be applied is ,(V) = %.2f\"%Ve)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "voltage to be applied is ,(V) = 0.28\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.17, Page No. 40"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "V=3.0                    # in V\n",

-      "I=55.0                   # in mA\n",

-      "V2=26.0                  # in mV\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "Rdc=V/(I*10**-3)         # in ohm\n",

-      "Rac=V2/I                 # in ohm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"static resistance is ,(ohm) = %.1f\"%Rdc)\n",

-      "print(\"dynamic resistance is ,(ohm) = %.2f\"%Rac)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "static resistance is ,(ohm) = 54.5\n",

-        "dynamic resistance is ,(ohm) = 0.47\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 14

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.18, Page No. 40"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "k=1.38*10**-23            # constant\n",

-      "T=27+273.0                # in K\n",

-      "eta=2.0\n",

-      "e=1.6*10**-19             # in C\n",

-      "Vt=(k*T/e)                # in V\n",

-      "V=0.5                     # in V\n",

-      "Ir=10**-6                 # in A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "I=(Ir*10**3*(math.e**(V/(eta*Vt))-1))\n",

-      "R_dc=V*10**3/I;\n",

-      "R_ac=(eta*k*T)/(e*I*10**-3);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"static resistance,R_dc(ohm) = %.1f\"%R_dc)\n",

-      "print(\"Dynamic resistance,R_ac(ohm) = %.1f\"%R_ac)\n",

-      "#answer is wrong in textbook"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "static resistance,R_dc(ohm) = 31.8\n",

-        "Dynamic resistance,R_ac(ohm) = 3.3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 16

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.19, Page No. 40"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "V=1.2                       # in V\n",

-      "Vk=0.7                      # in V\n",

-      "I_F=100.0                   # in mA\n",

-      "V_R=10.0                    # in V\n",

-      "I_R=1.0                     # in micro-A\n",

-      "I=5.0                       # in  mA\n",

-      "eta=2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "R_B=(V-Vk)/(I_F*10**-3)\n",

-      "R_R=V_R/I_R\n",

-      "R_ac=eta*26/I\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"the bulk resistance,R_B(ohm)      = %.f\"%R_B)\n",

-      "print(\"the reverse resistance,R_R(M-ohm) = %.f\"%R_R)\n",

-      "print(\"ac resistance,R_ac(ohm)           = %.1f\"%R_ac)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "the bulk resistance,R_B(ohm)      = 5\n",

-        "the reverse resistance,R_R(M-ohm) = 10\n",

-        "ac resistance,R_ac(ohm)           = 10.4\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 54

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.20, Page No. 41"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# capacitance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "epsilon_0=8.85*10**-12          # in farada/m\n",

-      "K=12.0                          # constant for silicon\n",

-      "A=1*10**-8                      # in m^2\n",

-      "W=5*10**-7                      # in m\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "epsilon=epsilon_0*K\n",

-      "Ct=epsilon*A*10**14/W;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"the transition capacitance,Ct(PF)  = %.1f\"%Ct)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "the transition capacitance,Ct(PF)  = 212.4\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 20

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 1.21, Page No. 41"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "# resistance\n",

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "V=0.2              # in V\n",

-      "I=1.0              # in micro-A\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculations\n",

-      "R_dc=V*10**3/I\n",

-      "R_ac=26/(I*10**3);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"The static resistance,R_ac(k-ohm) = %.f\"%R_dc)\n",

-      "print(\"the dynamic resistance,R_ac(ohm)  = %.3f\"%R_ac)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The static resistance,R_ac(k-ohm) = 200\n",

-        "the dynamic resistance,R_ac(ohm)  = 0.026\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 55

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AnkitKumar/Ch16.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AnkitKumar/AnkitKumar_version_backup/Ch16.ipynb
index 86539c04..86539c04 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AnkitKumar/Ch16.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AnkitKumar/AnkitKumar_version_backup/Ch16.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Anshulkhare/Chapter9.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Anshulkhare/Anshulkhare_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 7a0b46d8..7a0b46d8 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Anshulkhare/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Anshulkhare/Anshulkhare_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ApurvaBhushan/Chapter_3.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ApurvaBhushan/ApurvaBhushan_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
index 777522bb..777522bb 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/ApurvaBhushan/Chapter_3.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/ApurvaBhushan/ApurvaBhushan_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ApurvaBhushan/Chapter_3_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ApurvaBhushan/ApurvaBhushan_version_backup/Chapter_3_1.ipynb
index 3168a0f9..3168a0f9 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/ApurvaBhushan/Chapter_3_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/ApurvaBhushan/ApurvaBhushan_version_backup/Chapter_3_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Ashish  KumarSingh/Chapter_First.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Ashish  KumarSingh/Chapter.ipynb
index 26e2a823..26e2a823 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Ashish  KumarSingh/Chapter_First.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Ashish  KumarSingh/Chapter.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AumkarRane/Chapter9.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AumkarRane/AumkarRane_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 49a8b300..49a8b300 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AumkarRane/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AumkarRane/AumkarRane_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AviralYadav/Chapter9.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AviralYadav/AviralYadav_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 0655eef8..0655eef8 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AviralYadav/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AviralYadav/AviralYadav_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/AzagumozhiMadhaiyan/Chapter_8_.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/AzagumozhiMadhaiyan/Chapter8.ipynb
index 3fff6821..3fff6821 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/AzagumozhiMadhaiyan/Chapter_8_.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/AzagumozhiMadhaiyan/Chapter8.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/BhavithaInnamuri/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/BhavithaInnamuri/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL.ipynb
index cd376de8..cd376de8 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/BhavithaInnamuri/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/BhavithaInnamuri/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/DanishAnsari/chapter_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/DanishAnsari/DanishAnsari_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
index 13a30876..13a30876 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/DanishAnsari/chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/DanishAnsari/DanishAnsari_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/DaudIbrahir Saifi/Chapter_07.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/DaudIbrahir Saifi/DaudIbrahir Saifi_version_backup/Chapter_07.ipynb
index d7167f86..d7167f86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/DaudIbrahir Saifi/Chapter_07.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/DaudIbrahir Saifi/DaudIbrahir Saifi_version_backup/Chapter_07.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/DeepTrambadia/sc201.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/DeepTrambadia/DeepTrambadia_version_backup/sc201.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/DeepTrambadia/Diode_Applications.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/DeepTrambadia/Diode.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/DesuSandeep Kumar/Chapter_1_Introduction_to_Radio_Communication_Systems.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/DesuSandeep Kumar/Chapter_1_Introduction_to_Radio_Communication.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Dileep KumarShakya/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Dileep KumarShakya/Dileep KumarShakya_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/DivyangGandhi/ch2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/DivyangGandhi/DivyangGandhi_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/DurgasriInnamuri/Chapter_3_Semoconductor_Devices_Fundamentals.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/DurgasriInnamuri/Chapter_3_Semoconductor_Devices.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Ershad AhamedChemmalasseri/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Ershad AhamedChemmalasseri/Ershad AhamedChemmalasseri_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/GauravMittal/chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/GauravMittal/GauravMittal_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/GirishVora/ch2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/GirishVora/GirishVora_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Gopi KrishnaManchukonda/Chapter_2_Electrostatics_.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Gopi KrishnaManchukonda/Chapter2Electrostatics.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Gopi KrishnaManchukonda/Chapter8.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Gopi KrishnaManchukonda/Gopi KrishnaManchukonda_version_backup/Chapter8.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/GudePrithvi/Chapter_3.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/GudePrithvi/GudePrithvi_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/GundaChaitnaya rani/Chapter_3_Ionization_and_Deionization_Processes_in_gases.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/GundaChaitnaya rani/GundaChaitnaya rani_version_backup/Chapter_3_Ionization_and_Deionization_Processes_in.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/GundlaKeerthi vani/J.B.Gupta_Chapter_6_(1).ipynb b/sample_notebooks/GundlaKeerthi vani/GundlaKeerthi vani_version_backup/J.B.Gupta_Chapter_6_(1).ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Harshitgarg/Chapter_1-INTRODUCTION_TO_MECHANICS_OF_SOLIDS_.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Harshitgarg/Harshitgarg_version_backup/Chapter1-INTRODUCTIONTOMECHANICSOFSOLIDS.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Hrituraj/Ch-6.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Hrituraj/Hrituraj_version_backup/Ch-6.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Hrituraj/Various_types_of_tarrifs.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Hrituraj/Various_types_of.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/InnamuriBhavitha/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL_STRUCTURES.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/InnamuriBhavitha/Chapter_1_CRYSTAL.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/JagadeeshwarGoshika/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/JagadeeshwarGoshika/JagadeeshwarGoshika_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/JayDadlani/SAMPLE_NB_KI_KAPOOR.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/JayDadlani/SAMPLE_NB_KI.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Jaya Sravya/Chapter10.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Jaya Sravya/Jaya Sravya_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/KARTHIKEYAN S/CHAPTER_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/KARTHIKEYAN S/KARTHIKEYAN S_version_backup/CHAPTER_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/KAVANA B/CHAPTER.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/KAVANA B/KAVANA B_version_backup/CHAPTER.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/KavinkumarD/Chapter_11__Impulse_and_Reaction_Turbines.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/KavinkumarD/Chapter_11__Impulse_and_Reaction.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/KavinkumarD/Chapter_8_FREQUENCY_EFFECTS_IN_AMPLIFIERS.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/KavinkumarD/KavinkumarD_version_backup/Chapter_8_FREQUENCY_EFFECTS_IN.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/KhushbuPattani/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/KhushbuPattani/KhushbuPattani_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/KonasaniSai Dheeraj/sample(chapter_1).ipynb b/sample_notebooks/KonasaniSai Dheeraj/sample(chapter.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/KonasaniSai Dheeraj/sample_(chapter_6).ipynb b/sample_notebooks/KonasaniSai Dheeraj/sample_(chapter.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/LalitKumar/chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/LalitKumar/LalitKumar_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/LaxmanSole/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/LaxmanSole/LaxmanSole_version_backup/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ManchukondaGopi Krishna/Chapter_7_Wave_Guides.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ManchukondaGopi Krishna/Chapter_7_Wave.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ManchukondaLalitha Pujitha/Chpater_1_Gravity.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ManchukondaLalitha Pujitha/Chpater_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ManchukondaMaruthi Naga Vijaya Durga/Chapter_2_Generalized_Configurations_and_Functional_Descriptions_of_Measuring_Instruments.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ManchukondaMaruthi Naga Vijaya Durga/Chapter_2_Generalized_Configurations_and_Functional_Descriptions_of_Measuring.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/MandalaManoj  pruthvi/Chapter_4_Radian_Measure.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/MandalaManoj  pruthvi/Chapter_4_Radian.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ManikandanD/Chapter_2_Light_propagation_in_optical_fiber.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ManikandanD/Chapter_2_Light_propagation_in_optical.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI.ipynb
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--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_1.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_10.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_10.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_10.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_10.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_11.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_11.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_11.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_11.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_12.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_12.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_12.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_12.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_2.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_2.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_3.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_3.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_3.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_3.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_4.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_4.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_4.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_4.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_5.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_5.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_5.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_5.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_6.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_6.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_6.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_6.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_7.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_7.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_7.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_7.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_8.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_8.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_8.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_8.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_9.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_9.ipynb
index e025dd86..e025dd86 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY_U.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_9.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NIKHILESH DAMLE/NIKHILESH DAMLE_version_backup/ANTENNAS_AND_WAVE_PROPAGATION_BY.A_BAKSHI,_A.V_BAKSHI,_K.A_BAKSHI_9.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NagadeviPriya/Sample_Notebook.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NagadeviPriya/NagadeviPriya_version_backup/Sample.ipynb
index 1dd45ca5..1dd45ca5 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NagadeviPriya/Sample_Notebook.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NagadeviPriya/NagadeviPriya_version_backup/Sample.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Namratha Reddy/chapter3.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Namratha Reddy/chapter3.ipynb
index 41fd06af..8580f761 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Namratha Reddy/chapter3.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Namratha Reddy/chapter3.ipynb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "# #Example 3.1:Page number-158\n"
+    "# Example 3.1:Page number-158\n"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "# #Example 3.2:Page number-158"
+    "# Example 3.2:Page number-158"
    ]
   },
   {
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Namratha Reddy/chapter3_(1).ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Namratha Reddy/chapter3_(1).ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 8580f761..00000000
--- a/sample_notebooks/Namratha Reddy/chapter3_(1).ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,907 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# #Chapter 3:Magnetic Circuits"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.1:Page number-158\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The reluctance of steel ring is= 1250000.0 AT/Wb\n",
-      "The magnetomotive force is= 625.0 AT\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "pi=3.14\n",
-    "l=pi*0.2 #l=mean length of the ring=pi*mean diameter of the ring\n",
-    "A=400*10**-6 #A=cross sectional area of ring\n",
-    "u1=1000 #u1=relative permeability of steel\n",
-    "u2=4*pi*10**-7 #relative permeability of air\n",
-    "\n",
-    "R=l/(A*u1*u2) #reluctance of steel ring\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The reluctance of steel ring is=\",round(R,0),\"AT/Wb\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "flux=500*10**-6\n",
-    "f=flux*R\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The magnetomotive force is=\",round(f,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.2:Page number-158"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The flux density is= 0.625 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "The magnetomotive force is= 375.0 AT\n",
-      "The magnetic field strength is= 750.0 AT/m\n",
-      "The relative permeability is= 663.0\n",
-      "The flux density is= 1.5 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "The magnetomotive force is= 1250.0 AT\n",
-      "Magnetic field strength= 2500.0 AT/m\n",
-      "The relative permeability is= 477.7\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "l=0.5\n",
-    "A=4*10**-4\n",
-    "N=250\n",
-    "I=1.5\n",
-    "flux=0.25*10**-3\n",
-    "fluxdensity=flux/A \n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=N*I #magnetomotive force\n",
-    "\n",
-    "H=(N*I)/l #magnetic field strength\n",
-    "\n",
-    "pi=3.14\n",
-    "u1=4*pi*10**-7\n",
-    "u2=fluxdensity/(u1*H)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The flux density is=\",round(fluxdensity,3),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "print \"The magnetomotive force is=\",round(f,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "print \"The magnetic field strength is=\",round(H,0),\"AT/m\"\n",
-    "print \"The relative permeability is=\",round(u2,0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "I=5\n",
-    "flux=0.6*10**-3\n",
-    "A=4*10**-4\n",
-    "N=250\n",
-    "l=0.5\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fluxdensity=flux/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The flux density is=\",round(fluxdensity,1),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=N*I  #magnetomotive force\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The magnetomotive force is=\",round(f,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "H=(N*I)/l #magnetic field stength\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Magnetic field strength=\",round(H,0),\"AT/m\"\n",
-    "pi=3.14\n",
-    "u1=4*pi*10**-7\n",
-    "u2=fluxdensity/(u1*H)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The relative permeability is=\",round(u2,1)\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.3: Page number-159"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Magnetomotive force= 1250.0 AT\n",
-      "The reluctance of air gap is= 162154.449 AT/Wb\n",
-      "The flux is=  0.006475308 Wb\n",
-      "The flux density is= 13.188 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "The reluctance of steel string is= 69494.763801 AT/Wb\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "pi=3.14\n",
-    "ls=0.627  #mean length of steel string\n",
-    "\n",
-    "la=0.0001 #length of air gap\n",
-    "\n",
-    "A=4.91*10**-4  #cross sectional area of magnetic circuit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=N*I #magnetomotive force\n",
-    "print \"Magnetomotive force=\",round(f,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fa=1050  #fa=mmf of air gap=1050AT\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fs=450    #fs=mmf of steel ring=450\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "u1=4*pi*10**-7\n",
-    "ra=la/(u1*A) #reluctance of air gap\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The reluctance of air gap is=\",round(ra,3),\"AT/Wb\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "flux=fa/ra\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The flux is= \",round(flux,20),\"Wb\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case c\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fluxdensity=flux/A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The flux density is=\",round(fluxdensity,5),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case d\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rs=fs/flux #reluctance of steel string\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The reluctance of steel string is=\",round(rs,6),\"AT/Wb\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.4: Page number-160"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 24,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The air gap= 955414.01274 AT/m\n",
-      "The magnetomotive force is= 5.0 AT\n",
-      "hs= 1061.57 AT/m\n",
-      "The magnetomotive force for air gap is= 318.47 AT\n",
-      "Total mmf= 323.47 AT\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "la=2*10**-3 #length of the air gap\n",
-    "ls=0.3      #lentgh of the cast steel core\n",
-    "B=1.2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ha=B/u1\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The air gap=\",round(ha,5),\"AT/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fa=H*la  #magnetomotive ofrce for air gap\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The magnetomotive force is=\",round(fa,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "u2=900\n",
-    "hs=B/(u1*u2)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"hs=\",round(hs,2),\"AT/m\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fs=hs*ls   #magnetomotive force for air gap\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The magnetomotive force for air gap is=\",round(fs,2),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "totmmf=fa+fs\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"Total mmf=\",round(totmmf,2),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.5-Page number-161 "
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 26,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "flux density is= 2.15844 mWb/m**2\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "f=200 #total mmf\n",
-    "#ra=2*10**-3/(u1*a)  #reluctance of air gap\n",
-    "#ri=10**-3/(u1*a)    #reluctance of iron core\n",
-    "#r=3*10**-3/(u1*a)   #reluctance of magnetic circuit\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#flux=f/r\n",
-    "\n",
-    "a=3*10**-3\n",
-    "fluxdensity=flux/a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"flux density is=\",round(fluxdensity,5),\"mWb/m**2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.6-Page number-161"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "The relucatance of air gap is= 497611.464968 AT/wb\n",
-      "The flux density in central limb is= 0.1125 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "The mmf drop in central limb is= 300.0 AT\n",
-      "fabh= 500.0 AT\n",
-      "The total mmf required is= 1695.0 AT\n",
-      "The required current is= 2.825 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fluxa=0.00018  #flux in the air gap\n",
-    "la=0.1*10**-2       #length of the air gap\n",
-    "ac=16*10**-4  #area of cross section\n",
-    "u1=4*3.14*10**-7\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ra=la/(u1*ac)       #reluctance of the air gap\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The relucatance of air gap is=\",round(ra,10),\"AT/wb\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#fa=fluxa*ra       #mmf required to set up flux in air gap\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#print \"The mmf required to set up flux in air gap is=\",round(fa,10),\"AT\" --> This rounds to 895\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fa=895\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=fluxa/ac        #flux density in central limb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The flux density in central limb is=\",round(B,10),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given from B-H curve, when B=1.125 the field density required is hc=1000 AT/m\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "hc=1000  #as above\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lc=30*10**-2   #length of central limb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fc=hc*lc   #mmf drop in central limb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The mmf drop in central limb is=\",round(fc,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#from the diagram the flux density in parallel path fabh is flux(a)/2 =0.5625 Wb/m**2 and field intensity H=625 AT/m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lp=80*10**-2   #length of parallel path\n",
-    "\n",
-    "H=625   #from above\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fabh=H*lp\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"fabh=\",round(fabh,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "F=fa+fc+fabh\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The total mmf required is=\",round(F,0),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "N=600   #number of turns\n",
-    "I=F/N\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The required current is=\",round(I,5),\"A\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.7:Page number-163"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 23,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "B= 0.7 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "mmf= 111.4 AT\n",
-      "totmmf= 223.85 AT\n",
-      "h2= 298.46667 AT\n",
-      "flux2= 0.0014 Wb\n",
-      "total mmf in fabc= 2250.0 Wb/m**2\n",
-      "totmmfm= 2473.85 AT\n",
-      "The total current required to set up flux in air gap is= 4.9477 A\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fluxa=1.4*10**-3\n",
-    "area=0.002\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=fluxa/area  #flux density in air gap \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"B=\",round(B,3),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#u1=4*3.14*10**-7\n",
-    "#ha=B/u1 in AT/m    #magnetic field in air gap\n",
-    "ha=55.7\n",
-    "\n",
-    "la=2  #length of air gap in m\n",
-    "mmf=ha*la  #mmf of air gap\n",
-    "print \"mmf=\",round(mmf,3),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#since the flux density of central limb is 0.7 the corresponding field srength is h1=250AT/m\n",
-    "h1=250\n",
-    "mmfl=112.45  #mmf for magnetic central limb-->mmf=250*(450-0.2)*10**-3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "totmmf=mmf+mmfl\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"totmmf=\",round(totmmf,5),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#mean length of core CGHF=0.75m\n",
-    "\n",
-    "ml=0.75 #as above\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#since the central limb and magnetic core are in parallel they have same mmf that is 223.86AT\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "h2=totmmf/ml #magnetic intensity in CGHF\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"h2=\",round(h2,5),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "flux2=B*area  \n",
-    "print \"flux2=\",round(flux2,5),\"Wb\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "totflux=fluxa+flux2  #Wb\n",
-    "Bfabc=totflux/area   #flux density in magnetic core fabc in Wb/m**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "H=3000 #AT/m\n",
-    "totmmffabc=H*ml  #total mmf in fabc in AT\n",
-    "print \"total mmf in fabc=\",round(totmmffabc,5),\"Wb/m**2\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "totmmfm=totmmffabc+totmmf  #total mmf in magnetic core in AT\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"totmmfm=\",round(totmmfm,5),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "N=500\n",
-    "I=totmmfm/N   #The required current to set up flux in air gap\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The total current required to set up flux in air gap is=\",round(I,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.8:Page number-171"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 25,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "l1= 0.004 mH\n",
-      "m12= 0.003 mH\n",
-      "l2= 0.006 mH\n",
-      "m21= 0.003 mH\n",
-      "Work done= 7.7 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r1=3.98*10**6   #reluctance of air gap in AT/Wb and the value is same for r2\n",
-    "r3=5.97*10**6   #reluctance of air gap in AT/Wb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume that current of 1A flows through 150 turns coil,for assumed directions of fluxes application of mesh current leads to matrix equations that can be simplified to:\n",
-    "#[flux1 flux2]=[2.36 1.41]*10**-5 Wb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The self inductance and mutual inductance are obtained as follows:\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n1=150 #number of turns\n",
-    "i1=1   #A\n",
-    "flux1=2.36*10**-5  #Wb\n",
-    "l1=(n1*flux1)/i1  #self inductance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"l1=\",round(l1,3),\"mH\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n2=200  #number of turns\n",
-    "flux2=1.41*10**-5\n",
-    "m12=(n2*flux2)/i1  #mutual inductance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"m12=\",round(m12,3),\"mH\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#assume that 1A of current flows through 200 turns coil\n",
-    "#The self inductance of the coil is determined as above using the matrix and the result is as follows\n",
-    "#[flux1 flux2]=[1.89 3.14]*10**-5 Wb\n",
-    "#Hence self and mutual inductance are computed as follows\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n2=200 #number of turns\n",
-    "flux2=3.14*10**-5 #Wb\n",
-    "i2=1 #A\n",
-    "l2=(n2*flux2)/i2  #self inductance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"l2=\",round(l2,3),\"mH\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "flux1=1.89*10**-5\n",
-    "m21=(n1*flux1)/i2  #mutual inductance\n",
-    "print \"m21=\",round(m21,3),\"mH\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "#When the air gap l3 is closed the reluctance of the limb is zero since the permeability of the magnetic material is infinity.Thus,the limb behaves like short circuit and the entire flux passes through it.Thus,the flux linking 200 turns coil is zero and mutual inductance is zero\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case 3\n",
-    "\n",
-    "W=((3.5)/2)+((6.3)/2)+2.8 #work equation in joules\n",
-    "print \"Work done=\",round(W,5),\"J\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.9:Page number-174"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "i= 7.85 A\n",
-      "l= 0.20382 H\n",
-      "rair= 3184713.3758 AT/Wb\n",
-      "fair= 6369.42675 AT\n",
-      "total mmf= 12602.60675 AT\n",
-      "L= 0.10157 H\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=0.8 #Wb/m**2\n",
-    "A=25*10**-4 #m**2\n",
-    "flux=20*10**-4 #Wb\n",
-    "l=3.14*40*10**-2 #m\n",
-    "f=2000*3.14 #AT\n",
-    "n=800 #number of turns\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "i=f/n  #A exciting current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i=\",round(i,3),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l=(n*flux)/i   #self inductance in H\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"l=\",round(l,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fluxa=20*10**-4  #Wb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "gap=1*10**-2\n",
-    "u1=4*3.14*10**-7\n",
-    "rair=gap/(u1*A) #reluctance of air in AT/Wb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"rair=\",round(rair,5),\"AT/Wb\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fair=rair*flux  #mmf for air gap in AT\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"fair=\",round(fair,5),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fcore=6233.18 #AT--> 5000*((0.4*3.14)-0.01)=6233.18\n",
-    "\n",
-    "totmmf=fcore+fair\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"total mmf=\",round(totmmf,5),\"AT\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=totmmf/n #A exciting current\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#self inductance\n",
-    "L=(n*flux)/I\n",
-    "print \"L=\",round(L,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.10:Page number-175"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 7,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "lx= 0.01 H\n",
-      "m= 0.015 H\n",
-      "The induced emf in coil Y= 30.0 V\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "n=2000 #number of turns\n",
-    "flux=0.05*10**-3 #Wb\n",
-    "i=10 #A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "lx=(n*flux)/i   #self inductance in X\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"lx=\",round(lx,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#since coils are identical self inductance in Y=self inductance in x\n",
-    "\n",
-    "fluxlinkingX=0.75*0.05*10**-3  #Wb flux linking due to current in coil X\n",
-    "fluxlinkingY=2000*0.05*0.75*10**-3  #Wb flux linkages in coil Y\n",
-    "\n",
-    "m=fluxlinkingY/5  #mutual inductance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"m=\",round(m,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#The rate of change in current di/dt=2000A/sec --> di/dt=(10-(-10))/0.01\n",
-    "\n",
-    "rate=2000\n",
-    "ey=m*rate\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"The induced emf in coil Y=\",round(ey,0),\"V\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.11:Page number-175"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 8,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "k=0.72168\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "#when currents are in same direction the total induction is:\n",
-    "#lt=l1+l2+2m\n",
-    "#when currents are in opposite direction the total emf is:\n",
-    "#lt=l1+l2-2m\n",
-    "#According to this problem\n",
-    "#l1+l2+2m=1.2\n",
-    "#l1+l2-2m=0.2\n",
-    "#Solving the above equations we get l1=0.4H M=0.25H\n",
-    "#on substituting we get l2=0.3H\n",
-    "#k=m/squareroot(l1*l2)\n",
-    "print \"k=0.72168\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.12:Page number-176"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 13,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "flux 0.0001 Wb\n",
-      "i 0.3125 A\n",
-      "l= 0.08 H\n",
-      "w= 0.00391 J\n",
-      "796.178343949\n",
-      "exciting current= 6.3 A\n",
-      "l= 0.00397 H\n",
-      "e= 0.07881 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "B=1 #Wb/m**2\n",
-    "A=10**-4 #cm**2\n",
-    "per=800 #permeability\n",
-    "n=250 #number of turns\n",
-    "\n",
-    "flux=B*A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"flux\",round(flux,5),\"Wb\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "r=781250   #AT/Wb calculated using formula for reluctance\n",
-    "\n",
-    "mmf=flux*r #AT\n",
-    "\n",
-    "i=mmf/n  #exciting current required in A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"i\",round(i,5),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l=(n*flux)/i  #self inductance of the coil\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"l=\",round(l,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "w=(l*i*i)/2  #energy stored\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"w=\",round(w,5),\"J\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "airgap=1*10**-3   #air gap is assumed \n",
-    "rair=airgap/(u1*A) #reluctance of air gap in AT/Wb\n",
-    "mmfa=flux*rair     #mmf of air in AT\n",
-    "print mmfa\n",
-    "#rcore=((2.5*3.14)-0.1)/(32*3.14*10**-6)  #reluctance of core \n",
-    "#mmfc=flux*rcore\n",
-    "mmfc=780 #AT\n",
-    "F=mmfc+mmfa\n",
-    "\n",
-    "I=F/n  #A\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"exciting current=\",round(I,2),\"A\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "n=250 #number of turns\n",
-    "L=(n*flux)/I   #self inductanc eof coil with air gap \n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"l=\",round(L,5),\"H\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "e=(L*I*I)/2  #energy stored in coil\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"e=\",round(e,5),\"J\"\n",
-    "\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# Example 3.13:Page number:178"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "force= 39808.9172 N\n",
-      "W= 796.17834 J\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import math\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#given\n",
-    "A=10**-1  #area\n",
-    "flux=0.1 #Wb\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case a\n",
-    "\n",
-    "B=flux/A  #flux density Wb/m**2\n",
-    "\n",
-    "u1=4*3.14*10**-7  \n",
-    "F=(B*B*A)/(2*u1) #force in N\n",
-    "print \"force=\",round(F,5),\"N\"\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#case b\n",
-    "\n",
-    "l=10**-2  #length of the air gap\n",
-    "w=(B*B*A*l*2)/(2*u1)   #energy stored in two airgaps, 2=air gaps\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print \"W=\",round(w,5),\"J\"\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": true
-   },
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.9"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NarasimhaMamidala/Chapter_4_BJT_Fundamentals.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NarasimhaMamidala/NarasimhaMamidala_version_backup/Chapter_4_BJT.ipynb
index c7db6367..c7db6367 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NarasimhaMamidala/Chapter_4_BJT_Fundamentals.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NarasimhaMamidala/NarasimhaMamidala_version_backup/Chapter_4_BJT.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NarayaniGurumoorthy/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NarayaniGurumoorthy/NarayaniGurumoorthy_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index acf7396e..acf7396e 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NarayaniGurumoorthy/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NarayaniGurumoorthy/NarayaniGurumoorthy_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NeerajBaunthiyal/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NeerajBaunthiyal/NeerajBaunthiyal_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 2d6f6ded..2d6f6ded 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NeerajBaunthiyal/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NeerajBaunthiyal/NeerajBaunthiyal_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NirenNegandhi/ch2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NirenNegandhi/NirenNegandhi_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index 78fcb8ea..78fcb8ea 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NirenNegandhi/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NirenNegandhi/NirenNegandhi_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NirenNegandhi/ch2_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NirenNegandhi/NirenNegandhi_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
index e79c5ef9..e79c5ef9 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NirenNegandhi/ch2_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NirenNegandhi/NirenNegandhi_version_backup/ch2_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data.ipynb
index 7eb86cba..7eb86cba 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data.ipynb
index a7c3a90a..a7c3a90a 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data.ipynb
index 7eb86cba..7eb86cba 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_1.ipynb
index 7eb86cba..7eb86cba 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_2.ipynb
index 7eb86cba..7eb86cba 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_2.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_3.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_3.ipynb
index 7eb86cba..7eb86cba 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_3.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_3.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_4.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_4.ipynb
index 7eb86cba..7eb86cba 100755
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+++ b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_4.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_5.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_5.ipynb
index 7eb86cba..7eb86cba 100755
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+++ b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/Chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User_Defined_Data_Types_5.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through.ipynb
index 1083b19a..1083b19a 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data.ipynb
index 1083b19a..1083b19a 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_(1).ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types.ipynb
index 1083b19a..1083b19a 100755
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_1.ipynb
index 1083b19a..1083b19a 100755
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_10.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_10.ipynb
index 1083b19a..1083b19a 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_10.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_2.ipynb
index 1083b19a..1083b19a 100755
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_3.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_3.ipynb
index 1083b19a..1083b19a 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_3.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_4.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_4.ipynb
index 1083b19a..1083b19a 100755
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_5.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_5.ipynb
index 1083b19a..1083b19a 100755
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_7.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_7.ipynb
index 1083b19a..1083b19a 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_7.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_8.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_8.ipynb
index 1083b19a..1083b19a 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_8.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/NitamoniDas/NitamoniDas_version_backup/chapter_8_Data_Abstraction_through_Classes_and_User-Defined_Data_Types_8.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Nitin Kumar/chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Nitin Kumar/Nitin Kumar_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index ddf5a2a5..ddf5a2a5 100644
--- a/sample_notebooks/Nitin Kumar/chapter2.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NityaL/Sample-Chapter_26.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NityaL/NityaL_version_backup/Sample-Chapter_26.ipynb
index 4ae1c760..4ae1c760 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NityaL/Sample-Chapter_26.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NityaL/Sample.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NityaL/NityaL_version_backup/Sample.ipynb
index c7730277..c7730277 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NityaL/Sample.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/NivethaChezhian/Sample_Notebook.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/NivethaChezhian/NivethaChezhian_version_backup/Sample.ipynb
index d14818c1..d14818c1 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/NivethaChezhian/Sample_Notebook.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/PRAVEENKUMAR C/CHAPTER_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/PRAVEENKUMAR C/PRAVEENKUMAR C_version_backup/CHAPTER_1.ipynb
index e2b145a8..e2b145a8 100755
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/PrashantSahu/Chapter_2_Molecular_Diffusion.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/PrashantSahu/Chapter_2_Molecular.ipynb
index 7df6880b..7df6880b 100755
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/PrashantSahu/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K_Dutta.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/PrashantSahu/PrashantSahu_version_backup/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K.ipynb
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+++ b/sample_notebooks/PrashantSahu/PrashantSahu_version_backup/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/PrashantSahu/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K_Dutta_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/PrashantSahu/PrashantSahu_version_backup/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K_Dutta_1.ipynb
index 958c7769..958c7769 100755
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+++ b/sample_notebooks/PrashantSahu/PrashantSahu_version_backup/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K_Dutta_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/PrashantSahu/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K_Dutta_2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/PrashantSahu/PrashantSahu_version_backup/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K_Dutta_2.ipynb
index b67d0cbd..b67d0cbd 100755
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+++ b/sample_notebooks/PrashantSahu/PrashantSahu_version_backup/Chapter-2-Molecular_Diffusion_-_Principles_of_Mass_Transfer_and_Separation_Process_by_Binay_K_Dutta_2.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/PraveenKumar/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/PraveenKumar/PraveenKumar_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/PraveenKumar/chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/PraveenKumar/PraveenKumar_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
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index ffbfbdf3..ffbfbdf3 100755
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Raj Phani/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Raj Phani/Raj Phani_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/RaviGarg/chap1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/RaviGarg/RaviGarg_version_backup/chap1.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/RuchiMittal/chap1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/RuchiMittal/RuchiMittal_version_backup/chap1.ipynb
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--- a/sample_notebooks/RuchiMittal/chap1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/RuchiMittal/RuchiMittal_version_backup/chap1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/RuchiMittal/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/RuchiMittal/RuchiMittal_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index f6180b5a..f6180b5a 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/RuchiMittal/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/RuchiMittal/RuchiMittal_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SINDHUARROJU/Chapter10.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SINDHUARROJU/SINDHUARROJU_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index e1e3146e..e1e3146e 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SINDHUARROJU/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SINDHUARROJU/SINDHUARROJU_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SPANDANAARROJU/Chapter4.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SPANDANAARROJU/Chapter4.ipynb
index f4145c55..e9783bbb 100755..100644
--- a/sample_notebooks/SPANDANAARROJU/Chapter4.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SPANDANAARROJU/Chapter4.ipynb
@@ -1,553 +1,211 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "",

-  "signature": "sha256:e9b50f0b4ca0520935774156fedb1fdaaf2b2fd5241b8184a650d42b25d657cd"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "4: Interference"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.1, Page number 69"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "i=40;                                    #angle of incidence(degrees)\n",

-      "mew=1.2;                                #refractive index\n",

-      "t=0.23;                                #thickness of the film(micro m)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "i=i*math.pi/180;                     #angle of incidence(radian)\n",

-      "r=math.asin(math.sin(i)/mew);        #angle of refraction(radian)\n",

-      "lambda1=(2*mew*t*math.cos(r))*10**3;      #wavelength absent(nm) \n",

-      "lambda2=lambda1/2;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The wavelength absent is\",round(lambda1,1),\"nm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The wavelength absent is 466.1 nm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.2, Page number 69"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "lambda1=400*10**-9;                #wavelength 1(m)\n",

-      "lambda2=600*10**-9;                #wavelength 2(m)\n",

-      "#2*t=n*lambda\n",

-      "n=150;    \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "t=((n*lambda2)/2)*10**6;     #thickness of the air film(micro meter)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The thickness of the air film is\",t,\"micro m\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The thickness of the air film is 45.0 micro m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.3, Page number 70"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "lamda=600*10**-9;     #wavelength(m)\n",

-      "mew=2;\n",

-      "theta=0.025;      #wedge-angle(degrees)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "theta=theta*math.pi/180;      #wedge-angle(radian)\n",

-      "x=(lamda/(2*mew*math.sin(theta)))*10**2;       #bandwidth(cm)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The bandwidth is\",round(x,3),\"cm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The bandwidth is 0.034 cm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.4, Page number 70"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "xair=0.15;                     #bandwidth of air(cm)\n",

-      "xliq=0.115;                    #bandwidth of liquid(cm)\n",

-      "mewair=1;                      #refractive index of air\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "mewliq=(xair*mewair)/xliq;      #refractive index of liquid\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The refractive index of liquid is\",round(mewliq,1)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The refractive index of liquid is 1.3\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 12

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.5, Page number 70"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "n=9;\n",

-      "lamda=589*10**-9;                   #wavelength of light used(m)\n",

-      "R=0.95;                             #radius of curvature of lens(m)\n",

-      "mew=1;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "D=(math.sqrt((4*n*lamda*R)/mew))*10**2;   #diameter of the ninth dark ring(m)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The diameter of the ninth dark ring is\",round(D,2),\"cm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The diameter of the ninth dark ring is 0.45 cm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.6, Page number 70"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "x=0.055;                       #distance in fringe shift(mm)\n",

-      "n=200;                         #number of fringes\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "lamda=((2*x)/n)*10**6;          #wavelength(nm)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The wavelength of light used is\",lamda,\"nm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The wavelength of light used is 550.0 nm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.7, Page number 70"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "n=50;                             #number of fringes\n",

-      "lamda=500*10**-9;                 #wavelength of light used(m)\n",

-      "mew=1.5;                          #refractive index of the plate\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "t=((n*lamda)/(2*(mew-1)))*10**6;    #thickness of the plate(micro meter)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The thickness of the plate is\",t,\"micro m\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The thickness of the plate is 25.0 micro m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 20

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.8, Page number 70"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "lamda=550*10**-9;                   #wavelength(m)\n",

-      "mew=1.38;                            #refractive index\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "t=(lamda/(4*mew))*10**9;              #thickness(nm)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The minimum thickness of the plate for normal incidence of light is\",round(t,3),\"nm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The minimum thickness of the plate for normal incidence of light is 99.638 nm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 23

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.9, Page number 70"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "i=35;                                         #angle of incidence(degrees)\n",

-      "mew=1.4;                                      #refractive index\n",

-      "n=50;                                        \n",

-      "lamda=459*10**-9;       #wavelength(m)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "i=i*math.pi/180;                     #angle of incidence(radian)\n",

-      "r=math.asin(math.sin(i)/mew);        #angle of refraction(radian)\n",

-      "#2*mew*cos(r)=n*lambda\n",

-      "#n(459)=(n+1)450\n",

-      "t=(n*lamda/(2*mew*math.cos(r)))*10**6;          #thickness of the film(micro meter)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The thickness of the film is\",round(t,3),\"micro m\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The thickness of the film is 8.985 micro m\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 26

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.10, Page number 71"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "lamda=500*10**-9;                      #wavelength(m)\n",

-      "x=0.07;                                 #observed band width(cm)\n",

-      "mew=1;                                  #refractive index\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "theta=(math.asin(lamda/(2*mew*x)))*10**2;     #wedge angle(radian)\n",

-      "theta=theta*180/math.pi;     #wedge angle(degrees)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The wedge angle is\",round(theta,2),\"degrees\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The wedge angle is 0.02 degrees\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 31

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.11, Page number 71"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "dair=0.42;                   #diameter of certain rings(cm)\n",

-      "dliq=0.38;                   #diameter of rings when liquid is introduced(cm)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "mew=dair**2/dliq**2;            #refractive index of liquid\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The refravtive index of liquid is\",round(mew,2)"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The refravtive index of liquid is 1.22\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 33

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.12, Page number 71"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "m=8;                                           #eigth ring\n",

-      "n=3;                                           #third ring\n",

-      "dm=0.4;                                        #diameter of the eigth ring(cm)\n",

-      "dn=0.2;                                        #diameter of the third ring(cm)\n",

-      "R=101;                                         #Radius of curvature(cm)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "lamda=(((dm**2)-(dn**2))/(4*R*(m-n)));      #wavelength of light(cm) \n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The wavelength of light used is\",round(lamda*10**5,4),\"*10**-5 cm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The wavelength of light used is 5.9406 *10**-5 cm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 39

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example number 4.13, Page number 71"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#importing modules\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "from __future__ import division\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "mew=1.38;             #refractive index of magnesium floride\n",

-      "t=175;                #thickness of coating of magnesium fluoride(nm)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation                        \n",

-      "lamda=4*t*mew;        #wavelength(nm)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print \"The wavelength which has high transmission is\",lamda,\"nm\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The wavelength which has high transmission is 966.0 nm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 41

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# 4: Defects in Crystals"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 1, Page number 4.14"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 36,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 300K is 7.577 *10**5\n",
+      "equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 900K is 6.502 *10**19\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing modules\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "N=6.023*10**26;  #avagadro number\n",
+    "T1=1/float('inf');     #temperature 0K(K)\n",
+    "T2=300;\n",
+    "T3=900;         #temperature(K)\n",
+    "k=1.38*10**-23; #boltzmann constant \n",
+    "deltaHv=120*10**3*10**3/N;    #enthalpy(J/vacancy)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "#n1=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T1));    #equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 0K\n",
+    "#value of n1 cant be calculated in python, as the denominator is 0 and it shows float division error\n",
+    "n2=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T2));    #equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 300K \n",
+    "n3=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T3));    #equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 900K \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "#print \"equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 0K is\",n1\n",
+    "print \"equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 300K is\",round(n2/10**5,3),\"*10**5\"\n",
+    "print \"equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 900K is\",round(n3/10**19,3),\"*10**19\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 2, Page number 4.15"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fraction of vacancies at 1000 is 8.5 *10**-7\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing modules\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "nbyN1=1*10**-10;      #fraction of vacancies\n",
+    "T1=500+273;\n",
+    "T2=1000+273;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "lnx=T1*math.log(nbyN1)/T2;\n",
+    "x=math.exp(lnx);      #fraction of vacancies at 1000\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print \"fraction of vacancies at 1000 is\",round(x*10**7,1),\"*10**-7\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 3, Page number 4.16"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "concentration of schottky defects is 6.42 *10**11 per m**3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing modules\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "d=2.82*10**-10;    #interionic distance(m)\n",
+    "T=300;             #temperature(K)\n",
+    "k=1.38*10**-23;    #boltzmann constant \n",
+    "e=1.6*10**-19;     #charge(coulomb)\n",
+    "n=4;               #number of molecules\n",
+    "deltaHs=1.971*e;   #enthalpy(J)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "V=(2*d)**3;        #volume of unit cell(m**3)\n",
+    "N=n/V;             #number of ion pairs\n",
+    "x=deltaHs/(2*k*T);\n",
+    "n=N*math.exp(-x);    #concentration of schottky defects(per m**3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print \"concentration of schottky defects is\",round(n*10**-11,2),\"*10**11 per m**3\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 4, Page number 4.17"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "concentration of schottky defects is 9.23 *10**12 per cm**3\n",
+      "amount of climb down by the dislocations is 0.1846 step or 0.3692 *10**-8 cm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing modules\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "N=6.026*10**23;    #avagadro number \n",
+    "T=500;             #temperature(K)\n",
+    "k=1.38*10**-23;    #boltzmann constant \n",
+    "deltaHv=1.6*10**-19;     #charge(coulomb)\n",
+    "V=5.55;            #molar volume(cm**3)\n",
+    "nv=5*10**7*10**6;  #number of vacancies\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "n=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T))/V;    #concentration of schottky defects(per m**3)\n",
+    "x=round(n/nv,4);            #amount of climb down by the dislocations(step)\n",
+    "xcm=2*x*10**-8;             #amount of climb down by the dislocations(cm)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print \"concentration of schottky defects is\",round(n/10**12,2),\"*10**12 per cm**3\"\n",
+    "print \"amount of climb down by the dislocations is\",x,\"step or\",xcm*10**8,\"*10**-8 cm\" "
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SPANDANAARROJU/Chapter4_J3M7PEz.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SPANDANAARROJU/Chapter4_J3M7PEz.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index e9783bbb..00000000
--- a/sample_notebooks/SPANDANAARROJU/Chapter4_J3M7PEz.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# 4: Defects in Crystals"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 1, Page number 4.14"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 36,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 300K is 7.577 *10**5\n",
-      "equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 900K is 6.502 *10**19\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "N=6.023*10**26;  #avagadro number\n",
-    "T1=1/float('inf');     #temperature 0K(K)\n",
-    "T2=300;\n",
-    "T3=900;         #temperature(K)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23; #boltzmann constant \n",
-    "deltaHv=120*10**3*10**3/N;    #enthalpy(J/vacancy)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "#n1=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T1));    #equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 0K\n",
-    "#value of n1 cant be calculated in python, as the denominator is 0 and it shows float division error\n",
-    "n2=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T2));    #equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 300K \n",
-    "n3=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T3));    #equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 900K \n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "#print \"equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 0K is\",n1\n",
-    "print \"equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 300K is\",round(n2/10**5,3),\"*10**5\"\n",
-    "print \"equilibrium concentration of vacancy at 900K is\",round(n3/10**19,3),\"*10**19\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 2, Page number 4.15"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "fraction of vacancies at 1000 is 8.5 *10**-7\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "nbyN1=1*10**-10;      #fraction of vacancies\n",
-    "T1=500+273;\n",
-    "T2=1000+273;\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "lnx=T1*math.log(nbyN1)/T2;\n",
-    "x=math.exp(lnx);      #fraction of vacancies at 1000\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"fraction of vacancies at 1000 is\",round(x*10**7,1),\"*10**-7\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 3, Page number 4.16"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "concentration of schottky defects is 6.42 *10**11 per m**3\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "d=2.82*10**-10;    #interionic distance(m)\n",
-    "T=300;             #temperature(K)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23;    #boltzmann constant \n",
-    "e=1.6*10**-19;     #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "n=4;               #number of molecules\n",
-    "deltaHs=1.971*e;   #enthalpy(J)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "V=(2*d)**3;        #volume of unit cell(m**3)\n",
-    "N=n/V;             #number of ion pairs\n",
-    "x=deltaHs/(2*k*T);\n",
-    "n=N*math.exp(-x);    #concentration of schottky defects(per m**3)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"concentration of schottky defects is\",round(n*10**-11,2),\"*10**11 per m**3\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Example number 4, Page number 4.17"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 16,
-   "metadata": {
-    "collapsed": false
-   },
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "concentration of schottky defects is 9.23 *10**12 per cm**3\n",
-      "amount of climb down by the dislocations is 0.1846 step or 0.3692 *10**-8 cm\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "#importing modules\n",
-    "import math\n",
-    "from __future__ import division\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Variable declaration\n",
-    "N=6.026*10**23;    #avagadro number \n",
-    "T=500;             #temperature(K)\n",
-    "k=1.38*10**-23;    #boltzmann constant \n",
-    "deltaHv=1.6*10**-19;     #charge(coulomb)\n",
-    "V=5.55;            #molar volume(cm**3)\n",
-    "nv=5*10**7*10**6;  #number of vacancies\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Calculation\n",
-    "n=N*math.exp(-deltaHv/(k*T))/V;    #concentration of schottky defects(per m**3)\n",
-    "x=round(n/nv,4);            #amount of climb down by the dislocations(step)\n",
-    "xcm=2*x*10**-8;             #amount of climb down by the dislocations(cm)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "#Result\n",
-    "print \"concentration of schottky defects is\",round(n/10**12,2),\"*10**12 per cm**3\"\n",
-    "print \"amount of climb down by the dislocations is\",x,\"step or\",xcm*10**8,\"*10**-8 cm\" "
-   ]
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 2",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python2"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 2
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
-   "version": "2.7.11"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Sadananda CharyArroju/Chapter10.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Sadananda CharyArroju/Sadananda CharyArroju_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index bd43d700..bd43d700 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Sadananda CharyArroju/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Sadananda CharyArroju/Sadananda CharyArroju_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SaiRakesh/chapter_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SaiRakesh/SaiRakesh_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
index 9474d100..9474d100 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SaiRakesh/chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SaiRakesh/SaiRakesh_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SakshiGoplani/Sample.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SakshiGoplani/SakshiGoplani_version_backup/Sample.ipynb
index 108f20cf..108f20cf 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SakshiGoplani/Sample.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SakshiGoplani/SakshiGoplani_version_backup/Sample.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SaleemAhmed/Chapter10.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SaleemAhmed/SaleemAhmed_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index fbb36289..fbb36289 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SaleemAhmed/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SaleemAhmed/SaleemAhmed_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SalilKapur/IntroductionConcept_of_Stress.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SalilKapur/IntroductionConcept_of.ipynb
index 050d69c7..050d69c7 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SalilKapur/IntroductionConcept_of_Stress.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SalilKapur/IntroductionConcept_of.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SantoshPawar/Chapter9.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SantoshPawar/SantoshPawar_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 1ffaf482..1ffaf482 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SantoshPawar/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SantoshPawar/SantoshPawar_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SaurabhBarot/ch2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SaurabhBarot/SaurabhBarot_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index 79ba56c5..79ba56c5 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SaurabhBarot/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SaurabhBarot/SaurabhBarot_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SayanDas Karmakar/Chapter_4.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SayanDas Karmakar/SayanDas Karmakar_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
index 09f41e0f..09f41e0f 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SayanDas Karmakar/Chapter_4.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SayanDas Karmakar/SayanDas Karmakar_version_backup/Chapter_4.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ShantanuBhosale/chapter40.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ShantanuBhosale/ShantanuBhosale_version_backup/chapter40.ipynb
index e297a2c2..e297a2c2 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/ShantanuBhosale/chapter40.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/ShantanuBhosale/ShantanuBhosale_version_backup/chapter40.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ShivaAmruthavakkula/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ShivaAmruthavakkula/ShivaAmruthavakkula_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 37ee420b..37ee420b 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/ShivaAmruthavakkula/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/ShivaAmruthavakkula/ShivaAmruthavakkula_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ShubhamDahiphale/chapter_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ShubhamDahiphale/ShubhamDahiphale_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
index 87ae9b81..87ae9b81 100644
--- a/sample_notebooks/ShubhamDahiphale/chapter_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/ShubhamDahiphale/ShubhamDahiphale_version_backup/chapter_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SoumenGanguly/ncert_Maths.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SoumenGanguly/ncert.ipynb
index 30efaf66..30efaf66 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SoumenGanguly/ncert_Maths.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SoumenGanguly/ncert.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SrutiGoyal/Chapter_11-_Object_Initialization_and_Clean-Up.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SrutiGoyal/SrutiGoyal_version_backup/Chapter_11-_Object_Initialization_and.ipynb
index d3bdda01..d3bdda01 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SrutiGoyal/Chapter_11-_Object_Initialization_and_Clean-Up.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SrutiGoyal/SrutiGoyal_version_backup/Chapter_11-_Object_Initialization_and.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SrutiGoyal/Chapter_11-_Object_Initialization_and_Clean-Up_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SrutiGoyal/SrutiGoyal_version_backup/Chapter_11-_Object_Initialization_and_Clean-Up_1.ipynb
index d3bdda01..d3bdda01 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SrutiGoyal/Chapter_11-_Object_Initialization_and_Clean-Up_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SrutiGoyal/SrutiGoyal_version_backup/Chapter_11-_Object_Initialization_and_Clean-Up_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SudheerBommisetty/Chapter_4_Op_Amps_as_AC_Amplifiers.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SudheerBommisetty/SudheerBommisetty_version_backup/Chapter_4_Op_Amps_as_AC.ipynb
index 42bcd226..42bcd226 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SudheerBommisetty/Chapter_4_Op_Amps_as_AC_Amplifiers.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SudheerBommisetty/SudheerBommisetty_version_backup/Chapter_4_Op_Amps_as_AC.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Suhaib Alam/ch2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Suhaib Alam/Suhaib Alam_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
index b2b163f6..b2b163f6 100644
--- a/sample_notebooks/Suhaib Alam/ch2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Suhaib Alam/Suhaib Alam_version_backup/ch2.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Suhaib Alam/chapter-4.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Suhaib Alam/Suhaib Alam_version_backup/chapter-4.ipynb
index c7c62a77..c7c62a77 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Suhaib Alam/chapter-4.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Suhaib Alam/Suhaib Alam_version_backup/chapter-4.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SumadhuriDamerla/Chapter_1_Passive_Circuits.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SumadhuriDamerla/Chapter_1_Passive.ipynb
index 916e874c..916e874c 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SumadhuriDamerla/Chapter_1_Passive_Circuits.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SumadhuriDamerla/Chapter_1_Passive.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SumedhKadam/Chapter_1_General_Principles.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SumedhKadam/Chapter_1_General.ipynb
index 62d27f1f..62d27f1f 100644
--- a/sample_notebooks/SumedhKadam/Chapter_1_General_Principles.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SumedhKadam/Chapter_1_General.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/SwathiSyamala/Chapter_6_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/SwathiSyamala/SwathiSyamala_version_backup/Chapter_6_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND.ipynb
index e50612ad..e50612ad 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/SwathiSyamala/Chapter_6_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND_TUNNING.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/SwathiSyamala/SwathiSyamala_version_backup/Chapter_6_IMPEDENCE_MATCHING_AND.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Chapter9.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Tarun KumarDas_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
index 320477a8..320477a8 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Chapter9.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Tarun KumarDas_version_backup/Chapter9.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Chapter9_2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Tarun KumarDas_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
index 320477a8..320477a8 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Chapter9_2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Tarun KumarDas_version_backup/Chapter9_2.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Chapter9_3.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Tarun KumarDas_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
index 320477a8..320477a8 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Chapter9_3.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Tarun KumarDas_version_backup/Chapter9_3.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Chapter9_4.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Tarun KumarDas_version_backup/Chapter9_4.ipynb
index 320477a8..320477a8 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Chapter9_4.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Tarun KumarDas/Tarun KumarDas_version_backup/Chapter9_4.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/TestUser/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/TestUser/TestUser_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index cf45a409..cf45a409 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/TestUser/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/TestUser/TestUser_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/UmangAgarwal/Sample_Notebook.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/UmangAgarwal/Sample_Notebook.ipynb
deleted file mode 100755
index 34fb4a40..00000000
--- a/sample_notebooks/UmangAgarwal/Sample_Notebook.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
-Sample Notebook - Heat and Mass Transfer by R.K. Rajput : Chapter 1 - Basic Concepts

-author: Umang Agarwal

-

-

-# Example 1.1  Page 16-17

-

-L=.045;   		 			#[m] - Thickness of conducting wall

-delT = 350 - 50;  		      #[C] - Temperature Difference across the Wall

-k=370;    					#[W/m.C] - Thermal Conductivity of Wall Material

-#calculations

-#Using Fourier's Law eq 1.1

-q = k*delT/(L*10**6);    			#[MW/m^2] - Heat Flux

-#results

-print '%s %.2f %s' %("\n \n Rate of Heat Transfer per unit area =",q," W");

-#END

-

-# Example 1.2  Page 17

-

-L = .15;   		 			#[m] - Thickness of conducting wall

-delT = 150 - 45;  		      #[C] - Temperature Difference across the Wall

-A = 4.5;                           #[m^2] - Wall Area

-k=9.35;    					#[W/m.C] - Thermal Conductivity of Wall Material

-#calculations

-#Using Fourier's Law eq 1.1

-Q = k*A*delT/L;    			#[W] - Heat Transfer

-#Temperature gradient using Fourier's Law

-TG = - Q/(k*A);                   #[C/m] - Temperature Gradient

-#results

-print '%s %.2f %s' %("\n \n Rate of Heat Transfer per unit area =",Q," W");

-print '%s %.2f %s' %("\n \n The Temperature Gradient in the flow direction =",TG," C/m");

-#END

-

-# Example 1.3  Page 17-18

-

-x = .0825;   		 			#[m] - Thickness of side wall of the conducting oven

-delT = 175 - 75;  		      #[C] - Temperature Difference across the Wall

-k=0.044;   					#[W/m.C] - Thermal Conductivity of Wall Insulation

-Q = 40.5;                          #[W] - Energy dissipitated by the electric coil withn the oven  

-#calculations

-#Using Fourier's Law eq 1.1

-A = (Q*x)/(k*delT);    		#[m^2] - Area of wall

-#results

-print '%s %.2f %s' %("\n \n Area of the wall =",A," m^2");

-#END

-

-# Example 1.4  Page 18-19

-

-delT = 300-20;  		            #[C] - Temperature Difference across the Wall

-h = 20;    					#[W/m^2.C] - Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient

-A = 1*1.5;                           #[m^2] - Wall Area

-#calculations

-#Using Newton's Law of cooling eq 1.6

-Q = h*A*delT;        			#[W] - Heat Transfer

-#results

-print '%s %.2f %s' %("\n \n Rate of Heat Transfer =",Q," W");

-#END

-

-# Example 1.5  Page 19

-

-L=.15;   		 			#[m] - Length of conducting wire

-d = 0.0015;                       #[m] - Diameter of conducting wire

-A = 22*d*L/7;                     #[m^2] - Surface Area exposed to Convection

-delT = 120 - 100;  		      #[C] - Temperature Difference across the Wire

-h = 4500;    					#[W/m^2.C] - Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient

-print 'Electric Power to be supplied = Convective Heat loss';

-#calculations

-#Using Newton's Law of cooling eq 1.6

-Q = h*A*delT;        			#[W] - Heat Transfer

-Q = round(Q,1);

-#results

-print '%s %.2f %s' %("\n \n Rate of Heat Transfer =",Q," W");

-#END

-

-# Example 1.6  Page 20-21

-

-T1 = 300 + 273;  		                  #[K] - Temperature of 1st surface

-T2 = 40 + 273;                           #[K] - Temperature of 2nd surface

-A = 1.5;                                 #[m^2] - Surface Area

-F = 0.52;    				       #[dimensionless] - The value of Factor due geometric location and emissivity

-sigma = 5.67*(10**-8)                    #(W/(m^2 * K^4)) - Stephen - Boltzmann Constant

-#calculations

-#Using Stephen-Boltzmann Law eq 1.9

-Q = F*sigma*A*(T1**4 - T2**4)   	    #[W] - Heat Transfer

-#Equivalent Thermal Resistance using eq 1.10

-Rth = (T1-T2)/Q;                     #[C/W] - Equivalent Thermal Resistance

-#Equivalent convectoin coefficient using h*A*(T1-T2) = Q

-h = Q/(A*(T1-T2));                   #[W/(m^2*C)] - Equivalent Convection Coefficient

-#results

-print '%s %.2f %s' %("\n \n Rate of Heat Transfer =",Q," W");

-print '%s %.2f %s' %("\n The equivalent thermal resistance =",Rth," C/W");

-print '%s %.2f %s' %("\n The equivalent convection coefficient =",h," W/(m^2 * C)");

-#END

-

-# Example 1.7  Page 21-22

-

-L = 0.025;                                #[m] - Thickness of plate

-A = 0.6*0.9;                              #[m^2] - Area of plate   

-Ts = 310;  		                         #[C] - Surface Temperature of plate

-Tf = 15;                                  #[C] - Temperature of fluid(air)

-h = 22;    					       #[W/m^2.C] - Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient

-Qr = 250;    				       #[W] - Heat lost from the plate due to radiation

-k = 45;    					       #[W/m.C] - Thermal Conductivity of Plate

-#calculations

-# In this problem, heat conducted by the plate is removed by a combination of convection and radiation

-# Heat conducted through the plate = Convection Heat losses + Radiation Losses

-# If Ti is the internal plate temperature, then heat conducted = k*A*(Ts-Ti)/L

-Qc = h*A*(Ts-Tf);                        #[W] - Convection Heat Loss

-Ti = Ts + L*(Qc + Qr)/(A*k);   	       #[C] - Inside plate Temperature

-#results

-print '%s %.2f %s' %("\n \n Rate of Heat Transfer =",Ti," C");

-#END

-

-# Example 1.8  Page 22

-

-Ts = 250;  		                         #[C] - Surface Temperature

-Tsurr = 110;                              #[C] - Temperature of surroundings

-h = 75;    					       #[W/m^2.C] - Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient

-F = 1;    				             #[dimensionless] - The value of Factor due geometric location and emissivity

-sigma = 5.67*(10**-8)                    #(W/(m^2 * K^4)) - Stephen - Boltzmann Constant

-k = 10;    					       #[W/m.C] - Thermal Conductivity of Solid

-#calculations

-# Heat conducted through the plate = Convection Heat losses + Radiation Losses

-qr = F*sigma*((Ts+273)**4-(Tsurr+273)**4)    #[W/m^2] - #[W] - Heat lost per unit area from the plate due to radiation

-qc = h*(Ts-Tsurr);                           #[W/m^2] - Convection Heat Loss per unit area

-TG = -(qc+qr)/k;   	                      #[C/m] - Temperature Gradient

-#results

-print '%s %.2f %s' %("\n \n The temperature Gradient =",TG," C/m");

-#END

diff --git a/sample_notebooks/UmangAgarwal/Sample_Notebook_Umang.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/UmangAgarwal/UmangAgarwal_version_backup/Sample.ipynb
index 1eb49726..1eb49726 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/UmangAgarwal/Sample_Notebook_Umang.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/UmangAgarwal/UmangAgarwal_version_backup/Sample.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Vaibhav Vajani/chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Vaibhav Vajani/Vaibhav Vajani_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
index 142664b2..142664b2 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Vaibhav Vajani/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Vaibhav Vajani/Vaibhav Vajani_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Vedantam Lakshmi Manasa/Chapter_2_Electric_Fields.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Vedantam Lakshmi Manasa/Chapter_2_Electric.ipynb
index cdc8b25e..cdc8b25e 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Vedantam Lakshmi Manasa/Chapter_2_Electric_Fields.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Vedantam Lakshmi Manasa/Chapter_2_Electric.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Vedantam Lakshmi Manasa/Mathematical_Foundation.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Vedantam Lakshmi Manasa/Mathematical.ipynb
index a514cecb..a514cecb 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/Vedantam Lakshmi Manasa/Mathematical_Foundation.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/Vedantam Lakshmi Manasa/Mathematical.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VidyashankarVenkatraman/Chapter_3_Kitteldemo.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VidyashankarVenkatraman/Chapter_3.ipynb
index 26342edb..26342edb 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VidyashankarVenkatraman/Chapter_3_Kitteldemo.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VidyashankarVenkatraman/Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VidyashankarVenkatraman/Chapter_3_Kittel.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VidyashankarVenkatraman/VidyashankarVenkatraman_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
index 8760577a..8760577a 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VidyashankarVenkatraman/Chapter_3_Kittel.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VidyashankarVenkatraman/VidyashankarVenkatraman_version_backup/Chapter_3.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/Chapter_01.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/Chapter_01.ipynb
index b5226e07..b5226e07 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/Chapter_01.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/Chapter_01.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/Chapter_01_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/Chapter_01_1.ipynb
index b5226e07..b5226e07 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/Chapter_01_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/Chapter_01_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
index 9e1549a9..9e1549a9 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_3.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
index eca44a51..eca44a51 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_3.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_3.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_4.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_4.ipynb
index eca44a51..eca44a51 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_4.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_4.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_5.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_5.ipynb
index eca44a51..eca44a51 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_5.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_5.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_6.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_6.ipynb
index eca44a51..eca44a51 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_6.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_6.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_7.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_7.ipynb
index eca44a51..eca44a51 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_7.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_7.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_8.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_8.ipynb
index b5226e07..b5226e07 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/chapter1_8.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VikasPrasad/VikasPrasad_version_backup/chapter1_8.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/VineshSaini/Ch1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/VineshSaini/VineshSaini_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
index f27cc088..f27cc088 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/VineshSaini/Ch1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/VineshSaini/VineshSaini_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/YogeshPatil/Chapter_11.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/YogeshPatil/YogeshPatil_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
index f749209f..f749209f 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/YogeshPatil/Chapter_11.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/YogeshPatil/YogeshPatil_version_backup/Chapter_11.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/YogeshPatil/Chapter_11_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/YogeshPatil/YogeshPatil_version_backup/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
index f749209f..f749209f 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/YogeshPatil/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/YogeshPatil/YogeshPatil_version_backup/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/abhishekchauhan/Chapter10.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/abhishekchauhan/abhishekchauhan_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
index 57ba73b4..57ba73b4 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/abhishekchauhan/Chapter10.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/abhishekchauhan/abhishekchauhan_version_backup/Chapter10.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/Untitled3.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/ajinkyakhair_version_backup/Untitled3.ipynb
index c9360e01..c9360e01 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/Untitled3.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/ajinkyakhair_version_backup/Untitled3.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/ajinkyakhair_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/ajinkyakhair_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..8b221e49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/ajinkyakhair_version_backup/chapter2.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+{
+ "metadata": {
+  "celltoolbar": "Raw Cell Format",
+  "name": "",
+  "signature": "sha256:4fe36e3e0da1a77ee9793bbcdad9ed8d44455b05327e70b42ad389ca8fb3e239"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+  {
+   "cells": [
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 1,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Chapter 2: Semiconductor Physics"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 2.21.1,Page number 2-47"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Given Data:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "ro=1.72*10**-8                           #resistivity of Cu\n",
+      "s=1/ro                                   #conductivity of Cu\n",
+      "n=10.41*10**28                           #no of electron per unit volume\n",
+      "e=1.6*10**-19                            #charge on electron\n",
+      "\n",
+      "u=s/(n*e)\n",
+      "print\"mobility of electron in Cu =\",round(u,4),\"m**2/volt-sec\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "mobility of electron in Cu = 0.0035 m**2/volt-sec\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 2
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 2.21.2,Page number 2-47"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Given Data:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "m=63.5                                  #atomic weight\n",
+      "u=43.3                                  #mobility of electron\n",
+      "e=1.6*10**-19                            #charge on electron\n",
+      "N=6.02*10**23                            #Avogadro's number\n",
+      "d=8.96                                   #density\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Ad=N*d/m                                #Atomic density\n",
+      "n=1*Ad\n",
+      "\n",
+      "ro=1/(n*e*u)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "print\"Resistivity of Cu =\",\"{0:.3e}\".format(ro),\"ohm-cm\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "Resistivity of Cu = 1.699e-06 ohm-cm\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 4
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 2.21.3,Page number 2-47"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Given Data:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "e=1.6*10**-19                            #charge on electron\n",
+      "ne=2.5*10**19                            #density of carriers\n",
+      "nh=ne                                   #for intrinsic semiconductor\n",
+      "ue=0.39                                 #mobility of electron\n",
+      "uh=0.19                                 #mobility of hole\n",
+      "\n",
+      "s=ne*e*ue+nh*e*uh                       #conductivity of Ge\n",
+      "ro=1/s                                  #resistivity of Ge\n",
+      "\n",
+      "print\"Resistivity of Ge =\",round(ro,4),\"ohm-m\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "Resistivity of Ge = 0.431 ohm-m\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 6
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 2.21.6,Page number 2-49"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Given Data:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "c=5*10**28                               #concentration of Si atoms\n",
+      "e=1.6*10**-19                            #charge on electron\n",
+      "u=0.048                                 #mobility of hole\n",
+      "s=4.4*10**-4                             #conductivity of Si\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#since millionth Si atom is replaced by an indium atom\n",
+      "\n",
+      "n=c*10**-6\n",
+      "sp=u*e*n                                #conductivity of resultant\n",
+      "\n",
+      "print\"conductivity =\",sp,\"mho/m\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "conductivity = 384.0 mho/m\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 10
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 2.21.7,Page number 2-49"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Given Data:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "m=28.1                                  #atomic weight of Si\n",
+      "e=1.6*10**-19                            #charge on electron\n",
+      "N=6.02*10**26                            #Avogadro's number\n",
+      "d=2.4*10**3                              #density of Si\n",
+      "p=0.25                                  #resistivity\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#no. of Si atom/m**3\n",
+      "Ad=N*d/m                                #Atomic density\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#impurity level is 0.01 ppm i.e. 1 atom in every 10**8 atoms of Si\n",
+      "n=Ad/10**8                               #no of impurity atoms\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#since each impurity produce 1 hole\n",
+      "nh=n\n",
+      "print\"1) hole concentration =\",\"{0:.3e}\".format(n),\"holes/m**3\"\n",
+      "up=1/(e*p*nh)\n",
+      "print\"2) mobility =\",round(up,4),\"m**2/volt.sec\"\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "1) hole concentration = 5.142e+20 holes/m**3\n",
+        "2) mobility = 0.0486 m**2/volt.sec\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 12
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": []
+    }
+   ],
+   "metadata": {}
+  }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/chapter2.ipynb
index 8b221e49..5bd122ad 100755..100644
--- a/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/chapter2.ipynb
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 {
  "metadata": {
-  "celltoolbar": "Raw Cell Format",
   "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:4fe36e3e0da1a77ee9793bbcdad9ed8d44455b05327e70b42ad389ca8fb3e239"
+  "signature": "sha256:74a00fabf3de3a229499fd336c46d9a546ea42ad7cb4fbe98a92a6ea72f21fa8"
  },
  "nbformat": 3,
  "nbformat_minor": 0,
@@ -14,7 +13,7 @@
      "level": 1,
      "metadata": {},
      "source": [
-      "Chapter 2: Semiconductor Physics"
+      "Chapter 2: Bonding in Solids"
      ]
     },
     {
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@
      "level": 2,
      "metadata": {},
      "source": [
-      "Example 2.21.1,Page number 2-47"
+      "Example 2.1,Page number 62"
      ]
     },
     {
@@ -31,15 +30,14 @@
      "input": [
       "import math\n",
       "\n",
-      "#Given Data:\n",
-      "\n",
-      "ro=1.72*10**-8                           #resistivity of Cu\n",
-      "s=1/ro                                   #conductivity of Cu\n",
-      "n=10.41*10**28                           #no of electron per unit volume\n",
-      "e=1.6*10**-19                            #charge on electron\n",
-      "\n",
-      "u=s/(n*e)\n",
-      "print\"mobility of electron in Cu =\",round(u,4),\"m**2/volt-sec\""
+      "#Given Data\n",
+      "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
+      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
+      "r = 3.147*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance for KCl, m\n",
+      "n = 9.1;    # Repulsive exponent of KCl\n",
+      "A = 1.748;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
+      "E = A*e**2/(4*math.pi*epsilon_0*r)*(n-1)/n/e;     # Binding energy of KCl, eV\n",
+      "print\"The binding energy of KCl = \",round(E,4),\"eV\";\n"
      ],
      "language": "python",
      "metadata": {},
@@ -48,18 +46,18 @@
        "output_type": "stream",
        "stream": "stdout",
        "text": [
-        "mobility of electron in Cu = 0.0035 m**2/volt-sec\n"
+        "The binding energy of KCl =  7.10982502818 eV\n"
        ]
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 2
+     "prompt_number": 5
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
      "level": 2,
      "metadata": {},
      "source": [
-      "Example 2.21.2,Page number 2-47"
+      "Example 2.2,Page number 62"
      ]
     },
     {
@@ -68,20 +66,56 @@
      "input": [
       "import math\n",
       "\n",
-      "#Given Data:\n",
-      "\n",
-      "m=63.5                                  #atomic weight\n",
-      "u=43.3                                  #mobility of electron\n",
-      "e=1.6*10**-19                            #charge on electron\n",
-      "N=6.02*10**23                            #Avogadro's number\n",
-      "d=8.96                                   #density\n",
+      "#Given Data\n",
       "\n",
-      "Ad=N*d/m                                #Atomic density\n",
-      "n=1*Ad\n",
+      "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
+      "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
+      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
+      "a0 = 5.63*10**-10;      # Lattice parameter of NaCl, m\n",
+      "r0 = a0/2;      # Nearest neighbour distance for NaCl, m\n",
+      "n = 8.4;    # Repulsive exponent of NaCl\n",
+      "A = 1.748;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
+      "E = A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n/e;     # Binding energy of NaCl, eV\n",
+      "print\"The binding energy of NaCl = \",round(E*N*e/(4.186*1000),4),\"kcal/mol\" ;\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "The binding energy of NaCl =  181.1005 kcal/mol\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 7
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 2.3,Page number 62"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
       "\n",
-      "ro=1/(n*e*u)\n",
+      "#Given Data\n",
       "\n",
-      "print\"Resistivity of Cu =\",\"{0:.3e}\".format(ro),\"ohm-cm\""
+      "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
+      "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
+      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
+      "E = 162.9*10**3;  # Binding energy of KCl, cal/mol\n",
+      "n = 8.6;    # Repulsive exponent of KCl\n",
+      "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
+      "# As lattice binding energy, E = A*e**2/(4*%pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for r0\n",
+      "r0 = A*N*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*E*4.186)*(n-1)/n;     # Nearest neighbour distance of KCl, m\n",
+      "print\"The nearest neighbour distance of KCl = \",round(r0*10**10,4),\"angstorm\";\n"
      ],
      "language": "python",
      "metadata": {},
@@ -90,18 +124,18 @@
        "output_type": "stream",
        "stream": "stdout",
        "text": [
-        "Resistivity of Cu = 1.699e-06 ohm-cm\n"
+        "The nearest neighbour distance of KCl =  3.1376 angstorm\n"
        ]
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 4
+     "prompt_number": 12
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
      "level": 2,
      "metadata": {},
      "source": [
-      "Example 2.21.3,Page number 2-47"
+      "Example 2.4,Page number 63"
      ]
     },
     {
@@ -110,18 +144,18 @@
      "input": [
       "import math\n",
       "\n",
-      "#Given Data:\n",
+      "#Given Data\n",
       "\n",
-      "e=1.6*10**-19                            #charge on electron\n",
-      "ne=2.5*10**19                            #density of carriers\n",
-      "nh=ne                                   #for intrinsic semiconductor\n",
-      "ue=0.39                                 #mobility of electron\n",
-      "uh=0.19                                 #mobility of hole\n",
+      "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
+      "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
+      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
+      "E = 152*10**3;  # Binding energy of CsCl, cal/mol\n",
+      "n = 10.6;    # Repulsive exponent of CsCl\n",
+      "A = 1.763;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
       "\n",
-      "s=ne*e*ue+nh*e*uh                       #conductivity of Ge\n",
-      "ro=1/s                                  #resistivity of Ge\n",
-      "\n",
-      "print\"Resistivity of Ge =\",round(ro,4),\"ohm-m\""
+      "# As lattice binding energy, E = A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for r0\n",
+      "r0 = A*N*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*E*4.186)*(n-1)/n;     # Nearest neighbour distance of CsCl, m\n",
+      "print\"The nearest neighbour distance of CsCl = \",round(r0*10**10,4),\"angstrom\";\n"
      ],
      "language": "python",
      "metadata": {},
@@ -130,18 +164,18 @@
        "output_type": "stream",
        "stream": "stdout",
        "text": [
-        "Resistivity of Ge = 0.431 ohm-m\n"
+        "The nearest neighbour distance of CsCl =  3.4776 angstrom\n"
        ]
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
+     "prompt_number": 13
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
      "level": 2,
      "metadata": {},
      "source": [
-      "Example 2.21.6,Page number 2-49"
+      "Example 2.5,Page number 63"
      ]
     },
     {
@@ -150,19 +184,57 @@
      "input": [
       "import math\n",
       "\n",
-      "#Given Data:\n",
+      "#Given Data\n",
       "\n",
-      "c=5*10**28                               #concentration of Si atoms\n",
-      "e=1.6*10**-19                            #charge on electron\n",
-      "u=0.048                                 #mobility of hole\n",
-      "s=4.4*10**-4                             #conductivity of Si\n",
+      "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
+      "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
+      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
+      "r0 = 6.46*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance of NaI\n",
+      "E = 157.1*10**3;  # Binding energy of NaI, cal/mol\n",
+      "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
       "\n",
-      "#since millionth Si atom is replaced by an indium atom\n",
+      "# As lattice binding energy, E = -A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for n\n",
+      "n = 1/(1+(4.186*E*4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)/(N*A*e**2));   # Repulsive exponent of NaI\n",
+      "print\"\\nThe repulsive exponent of NaI = \",round(n,4);"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "\n",
+        "The repulsive exponent of NaI =  0.363\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 15
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 2.6,Page number 63"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
       "\n",
-      "n=c*10**-6\n",
-      "sp=u*e*n                                #conductivity of resultant\n",
+      "#Given Data\n",
       "\n",
-      "print\"conductivity =\",sp,\"mho/m\""
+      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
+      "a0 = 2.8158*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance of solid\n",
+      "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
+      "n = 8.6;    # The repulsive exponent of solid\n",
+      "c = 2;  # Structural factor for rocksalt\n",
+      "# As n = 1 + (9*c*a0**4)/(K0*e**2*A), solving for K0\n",
+      "K0 = 9*c*a0**4/((n-1)*e**2*A);        # Compressibility of solid, metre square per newton\n",
+      "print\"The compressibility of the solid = \", \"{0:.3e}\".format(K0),\"metre square per newton\";"
      ],
      "language": "python",
      "metadata": {},
@@ -171,18 +243,18 @@
        "output_type": "stream",
        "stream": "stdout",
        "text": [
-        "conductivity = 384.0 mho/m\n"
+        "The compressibility of the solid =  3.329e-01 metre square per newton\n"
        ]
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
+     "prompt_number": 18
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "heading",
      "level": 2,
      "metadata": {},
      "source": [
-      "Example 2.21.7,Page number 2-49"
+      "Example 2.7,Page number 69"
      ]
     },
     {
@@ -191,25 +263,50 @@
      "input": [
       "import math\n",
       "\n",
-      "#Given Data:\n",
+      "#Given Data\n",
       "\n",
-      "m=28.1                                  #atomic weight of Si\n",
-      "e=1.6*10**-19                            #charge on electron\n",
-      "N=6.02*10**26                            #Avogadro's number\n",
-      "d=2.4*10**3                              #density of Si\n",
-      "p=0.25                                  #resistivity\n",
+      "chi_diff = 1;   # Electronegativity difference between the constituent of elements of solid\n",
+      "percent_ion = 100*(1-math.e**(-(0.25*chi_diff**2)));  # Percentage ionic character present in solid given by Pauling\n",
+      "print\"The percentage ionic character present in solid = \",round(percent_ion,2),\"percent \";\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "The percentage ionic character present in solid =  22.12 percent \n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 20
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 2.8,Page number 69"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
       "\n",
-      "#no. of Si atom/m**3\n",
-      "Ad=N*d/m                                #Atomic density\n",
+      "#Given Data\n",
       "\n",
-      "#impurity level is 0.01 ppm i.e. 1 atom in every 10**8 atoms of Si\n",
-      "n=Ad/10**8                               #no of impurity atoms\n",
+      "Eh_GaAs = 4.3;       # Homopolar gap of GaAs compound, eV\n",
+      "C_GaAs = 2.90;      # Ionic gap of GaAs compound, eV\n",
+      "Eh_CdTe = 3.08;      # Homopolar gap of CdTe compound, eV\n",
+      "C_CdTe = 4.90;      # Ionic gap of CdTe compound, eV\n",
       "\n",
-      "#since each impurity produce 1 hole\n",
-      "nh=n\n",
-      "print\"1) hole concentration =\",\"{0:.3e}\".format(n),\"holes/m**3\"\n",
-      "up=1/(e*p*nh)\n",
-      "print\"2) mobility =\",round(up,4),\"m**2/volt.sec\"\n"
+      "fi_GaAs = C_GaAs**2/(Eh_GaAs**2 + C_GaAs**2);\n",
+      "fi_CdTe = C_CdTe**2/(Eh_CdTe**2 + C_CdTe**2);\n",
+      "print\"The fractional ionicity of GaAs = \",round(fi_GaAs,4);\n",
+      "print\"The fractional ionicity of CdTe = \",round(fi_CdTe,4);\n"
      ],
      "language": "python",
      "metadata": {},
@@ -218,12 +315,12 @@
        "output_type": "stream",
        "stream": "stdout",
        "text": [
-        "1) hole concentration = 5.142e+20 holes/m**3\n",
-        "2) mobility = 0.0486 m**2/volt.sec\n"
+        "The fractional ionicity of GaAs =  0.3126\n",
+        "The fractional ionicity of CdTe =  0.7168\n"
        ]
       }
      ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
+     "prompt_number": 3
     },
     {
      "cell_type": "code",
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/chapter2_8f8MyfH.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/chapter2_8f8MyfH.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5bd122ad..00000000
--- a/sample_notebooks/ajinkyakhair/chapter2_8f8MyfH.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,337 +0,0 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:74a00fabf3de3a229499fd336c46d9a546ea42ad7cb4fbe98a92a6ea72f21fa8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Chapter 2: Bonding in Solids"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 2.1,Page number 62"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Given Data\n",
-      "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-      "r = 3.147*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance for KCl, m\n",
-      "n = 9.1;    # Repulsive exponent of KCl\n",
-      "A = 1.748;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-      "E = A*e**2/(4*math.pi*epsilon_0*r)*(n-1)/n/e;     # Binding energy of KCl, eV\n",
-      "print\"The binding energy of KCl = \",round(E,4),\"eV\";\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The binding energy of KCl =  7.10982502818 eV\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 5
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 2.2,Page number 62"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Given Data\n",
-      "\n",
-      "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-      "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-      "a0 = 5.63*10**-10;      # Lattice parameter of NaCl, m\n",
-      "r0 = a0/2;      # Nearest neighbour distance for NaCl, m\n",
-      "n = 8.4;    # Repulsive exponent of NaCl\n",
-      "A = 1.748;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-      "E = A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n/e;     # Binding energy of NaCl, eV\n",
-      "print\"The binding energy of NaCl = \",round(E*N*e/(4.186*1000),4),\"kcal/mol\" ;\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The binding energy of NaCl =  181.1005 kcal/mol\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 7
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 2.3,Page number 62"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Given Data\n",
-      "\n",
-      "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-      "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-      "E = 162.9*10**3;  # Binding energy of KCl, cal/mol\n",
-      "n = 8.6;    # Repulsive exponent of KCl\n",
-      "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-      "# As lattice binding energy, E = A*e**2/(4*%pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for r0\n",
-      "r0 = A*N*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*E*4.186)*(n-1)/n;     # Nearest neighbour distance of KCl, m\n",
-      "print\"The nearest neighbour distance of KCl = \",round(r0*10**10,4),\"angstorm\";\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The nearest neighbour distance of KCl =  3.1376 angstorm\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 2.4,Page number 63"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Given Data\n",
-      "\n",
-      "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-      "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-      "E = 152*10**3;  # Binding energy of CsCl, cal/mol\n",
-      "n = 10.6;    # Repulsive exponent of CsCl\n",
-      "A = 1.763;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# As lattice binding energy, E = A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for r0\n",
-      "r0 = A*N*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*E*4.186)*(n-1)/n;     # Nearest neighbour distance of CsCl, m\n",
-      "print\"The nearest neighbour distance of CsCl = \",round(r0*10**10,4),\"angstrom\";\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The nearest neighbour distance of CsCl =  3.4776 angstrom\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 13
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 2.5,Page number 63"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Given Data\n",
-      "\n",
-      "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
-      "N = 6.023*10**23;     # Avogadro's number\n",
-      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-      "r0 = 6.46*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance of NaI\n",
-      "E = 157.1*10**3;  # Binding energy of NaI, cal/mol\n",
-      "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-      "\n",
-      "# As lattice binding energy, E = -A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for n\n",
-      "n = 1/(1+(4.186*E*4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)/(N*A*e**2));   # Repulsive exponent of NaI\n",
-      "print\"\\nThe repulsive exponent of NaI = \",round(n,4);"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "\n",
-        "The repulsive exponent of NaI =  0.363\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 15
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 2.6,Page number 63"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Given Data\n",
-      "\n",
-      "e = 1.6*10**-19;   # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
-      "a0 = 2.8158*10**-10;     # Nearest neighbour distance of solid\n",
-      "A = 1.747;  # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
-      "n = 8.6;    # The repulsive exponent of solid\n",
-      "c = 2;  # Structural factor for rocksalt\n",
-      "# As n = 1 + (9*c*a0**4)/(K0*e**2*A), solving for K0\n",
-      "K0 = 9*c*a0**4/((n-1)*e**2*A);        # Compressibility of solid, metre square per newton\n",
-      "print\"The compressibility of the solid = \", \"{0:.3e}\".format(K0),\"metre square per newton\";"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The compressibility of the solid =  3.329e-01 metre square per newton\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 18
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 2.7,Page number 69"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Given Data\n",
-      "\n",
-      "chi_diff = 1;   # Electronegativity difference between the constituent of elements of solid\n",
-      "percent_ion = 100*(1-math.e**(-(0.25*chi_diff**2)));  # Percentage ionic character present in solid given by Pauling\n",
-      "print\"The percentage ionic character present in solid = \",round(percent_ion,2),\"percent \";\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The percentage ionic character present in solid =  22.12 percent \n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 20
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example 2.8,Page number 69"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "import math\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Given Data\n",
-      "\n",
-      "Eh_GaAs = 4.3;       # Homopolar gap of GaAs compound, eV\n",
-      "C_GaAs = 2.90;      # Ionic gap of GaAs compound, eV\n",
-      "Eh_CdTe = 3.08;      # Homopolar gap of CdTe compound, eV\n",
-      "C_CdTe = 4.90;      # Ionic gap of CdTe compound, eV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "fi_GaAs = C_GaAs**2/(Eh_GaAs**2 + C_GaAs**2);\n",
-      "fi_CdTe = C_CdTe**2/(Eh_CdTe**2 + C_CdTe**2);\n",
-      "print\"The fractional ionicity of GaAs = \",round(fi_GaAs,4);\n",
-      "print\"The fractional ionicity of CdTe = \",round(fi_CdTe,4);\n"
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "The fractional ionicity of GaAs =  0.3126\n",
-        "The fractional ionicity of CdTe =  0.7168\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": []
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/anubhav gupta/chapter15.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/anubhav gupta/anubhav gupta_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
index 6b74bd3d..6b74bd3d 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/anubhav gupta/chapter15.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/anubhav gupta/anubhav gupta_version_backup/chapter15.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/asmitaasmita/1_An_overview_of_C++.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/asmitaasmita/asmitaasmita_version_backup/1_An_overview_of.ipynb
index ecf52ddd..ecf52ddd 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/asmitaasmita/1_An_overview_of_C++.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/asmitaasmita/asmitaasmita_version_backup/1_An_overview_of.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/asmitaasmita/1_An_overview_of_C++_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/asmitaasmita/asmitaasmita_version_backup/1_An_overview_of_C++_1.ipynb
index ecf52ddd..ecf52ddd 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/asmitaasmita/1_An_overview_of_C++_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/asmitaasmita/asmitaasmita_version_backup/1_An_overview_of_C++_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/bharthkumar/Untitled1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/bharthkumar/bharthkumar_version_backup/Untitled1.ipynb
index c2fe40ea..c2fe40ea 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/bharthkumar/Untitled1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/bharthkumar/bharthkumar_version_backup/Untitled1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ebbygeorge/Ch1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ebbygeorge/ebbygeorge_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
index ac7b8152..ac7b8152 100644
--- a/sample_notebooks/ebbygeorge/Ch1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/ebbygeorge/ebbygeorge_version_backup/Ch1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/harikagunturu/Chapter_4_Angle_Modulation.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/harikagunturu/harikagunturu_version_backup/Chapter_4_Angle.ipynb
index de7d514c..de7d514c 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/harikagunturu/Chapter_4_Angle_Modulation.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/harikagunturu/harikagunturu_version_backup/Chapter_4_Angle.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/hemanth/Untitled1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/hemanth/hemanth_version_backup/Untitled1.ipynb
index 9684d917..9684d917 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/hemanth/Untitled1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/hemanth/hemanth_version_backup/Untitled1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/karansingh/Thyristors_Principles_&_Characeristics.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/karansingh/Thyristors_Principles_&.ipynb
index 4e252985..4e252985 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/karansingh/Thyristors_Principles_&_Characeristics.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/karansingh/Thyristors_Principles_&.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/kartiksankhla/Chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/kartiksankhla/Chapter2.ipynb
index 21f2d4c4..f12ee152 100755..100644
--- a/sample_notebooks/kartiksankhla/Chapter2.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/kartiksankhla/Chapter2.ipynb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {

  "metadata": {

   "name": "",

-  "signature": "sha256:e984fee9b841dd6e9b7eedf1533b0a0d297cd9f484c047f051ce48a09b156826"

+  "signature": "sha256:44c6b2962e60454059ed8ab0f850fa5cf7fde8b83f0146551b8d869bf0ff197f"

  },

  "nbformat": 3,

  "nbformat_minor": 0,

@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@
      "level": 1,

      "metadata": {},

      "source": [

-      "Chapter2-Nuclear Engineering"

+      "Chapter2-Basic Thermodynamics, Fluid\n",

+      "Mechanics: Definitions\n",

+      "of Efficiency"

      ]

     },

     {

@@ -21,25 +23,32 @@
      "level": 2,

      "metadata": {},

      "source": [

-      "Ex1-pg54"

+      "Ex1-pg39"

      ]

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "code",

      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

-      "## Example 2.1\n",

       "import math\n",

-      "#determine atoms in deuterium\n",

-      "## Given data\n",

-      "atom_h = 6.6*10**24;                      ## Number of atoms in Hydrogen\n",

-      "## Using the data given in Table II.2, Appendix II for isotropic abundance of deuterium\n",

-      "isoab_H2 = 0.015;                        ## Isotropic abundance of deuterium\n",

-      "## Calculation\n",

-      "totatom_d=(isoab_H2*atom_h)/100.;\n",

-      "## Result\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2e %s \"%('\\n Number of deuterium atoms = ',totatom_d,'');\n",

-      "\n"

+      "#calculate the polyefficency and overall total to total efficiency\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "gamma = 1.4;\n",

+      "pi = 8.;##pressure ratio\n",

+      "T01 = 300.;##inlet temperature in K\n",

+      "T02 = 586.4;##outlet temperature in K\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Calculations\n",

+      "##Calculation of Overall Total to Total efficiency\n",

+      "Tot_eff = ((pi**((gamma-1.)/gamma))-1.)/((T02/T01)-1.);\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Calculation of polytropic efficiency\n",

+      "Poly_eff = ((gamma-1.)/gamma)*((math.log(pi))/math.log(T02/T01));\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The Overall total-to-total efficiency is ',Tot_eff,'');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The polytropic efficiency is ',Poly_eff,'');\n"

      ],

      "language": "python",

      "metadata": {},

@@ -48,41 +57,42 @@
        "output_type": "stream",

        "stream": "stdout",

        "text": [

-        "\n",

-        " Number of deuterium atoms =  9.90e+20  \n"

+        "The Overall total-to-total efficiency is  0.85 \n",

+        "The polytropic efficiency is  0.89 \n"

        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

+     "prompt_number": 1

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

      "level": 2,

      "metadata": {},

      "source": [

-      "Ex2-pg54"

+      "Ex2-pg44"

      ]

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "code",

      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

-      "## Example 2.2\n",

       "import math\n",

-      "#determine atomic weight of oxygen\n",

-      "## Given data \n",

-      "## Using the data given in the example 2.2\n",

-      "atwt_O16 = 15.99492;                      ## Atomic weight of O-16 isotope\n",

-      "isoab_O16 = 99.759;                       ## Abundance of O-16 isotope\n",

-      "atwt_O17 = 16.99913;                      ## Atomic weight of O-17 isotope\n",

-      "isoab_O17 = 0.037;                        ## Abundance of O-17 isotope\n",

-      "atwt_O18 = 17.99916;                      ## Atomic weight of O-18 isotope\n",

-      "isoab_O18 = 0.204;                        ## Abundance of O-18 isotope\n",

-      "## Calculation\n",

-      "atwt_O=(isoab_O16*atwt_O16 + isoab_O17*atwt_O17 + isoab_O18*atwt_O18)/100.;\n",

-      "## Result\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n Atomic Weight of Oxygen = ',atwt_O,'');\n",

-      "\n"

+      "#calculate the\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "T01 = 1200.;##Stagnation temperature at which gas enters in K\n",

+      "p01 = 4.;##Stagnation pressure at which gas enters in bar\n",

+      "c2 = 572.;##exit velocity in m/s\n",

+      "p2 = 2.36;##exit pressure in bar\n",

+      "Cp = 1.160*1000.;##in J/kgK\n",

+      "gamma = 1.33\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##calculations\n",

+      "T2 = T01 - 0.5*(c2**2)/Cp;##Calculation of exit temperature in K\n",

+      "Noz_eff = ((1.-(T2/T01))/(1.-(p2/p01)**((gamma-1.)/gamma)));##Nozzle efficiency\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('Nozzle efficiency is ',Noz_eff,'');\n"

      ],

      "language": "python",

      "metadata": {},

@@ -91,8 +101,7 @@
        "output_type": "stream",

        "stream": "stdout",

        "text": [

-        "\n",

-        " Atomic Weight of Oxygen =  16.00  \n"

+        "Nozzle efficiency is  0.96 \n"

        ]

       }

      ],

@@ -103,31 +112,31 @@
      "level": 2,

      "metadata": {},

      "source": [

-      "Ex3-pg55"

+      "Ex3-pg51"

      ]

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "code",

      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

-      "## Example 2.3\n",

       "import math\n",

-      "#determine rest mass energy of electron\n",

-      "## Given data\n",

-      "me = 9.1095*10**(-28);                     ## Mass of electron in grams\n",

-      "c = 2.9979*10**10;                         ## Speed of light in vacuum in cm/sec\n",

-      "## Calculation\n",

-      "rest_mass = me*c**2;\n",

-      "## Result\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2e %s \"%('\\n Rest mass energy of electron = ',rest_mass,' ergs\\n');\n",

-      "print('Expressing the result in joules')\n",

-      "## 1 Joule = 10^(-7)ergs\n",

-      "rest_mass_j = rest_mass*10**(-7);\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2e %s \"%('\\n Rest mass energy of electron = ',rest_mass_j,' joules\\n');\n",

-      "print('Expressing the result in MeV')\n",

-      "## 1 MeV = 1.6022*10^(-13)joules\n",

-      "rest_mass_mev = rest_mass_j/(1.6022*10**(-13));\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n Rest mass energy of electron = ',rest_mass_mev,' MeV\\n');\n"

+      "#calculate the\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "cp = 0.6;##coefficient of pressure\n",

+      "AR = 2.13;##Area ratio\n",

+      "N_R1 = 4.66;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##calculations\n",

+      "cpi = 1. - (1./(AR**2));\n",

+      "Diff_eff = cp/cpi;##diffuser efficiency\n",

+      "theta = 2.*(180./math.pi)*math.atan((AR**0.5 - 1.)/(N_R1));##included cone angle\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('cpi = \\n',cpi,'');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The included cone angle can be found = ',theta,' deg.');\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n"

      ],

      "language": "python",

      "metadata": {},

@@ -136,21 +145,103 @@
        "output_type": "stream",

        "stream": "stdout",

        "text": [

+        "cpi = \n",

+        " 0.78 \n",

+        "The included cone angle can be found =  11.26  deg.\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 3

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex4-pg52"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "import math\n",

+      "#calculate the\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "AR = 1.8;##Area ratio\n",

+      "cp = 0.6;##coefficient of pressure\n",

+      "N_R1 = 7.85;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##calculations\n",

+      "Theta = 2.*(180./math.pi)*math.atan((AR**0.5 - 1.)/(N_R1));##included cone angle\n",

+      "cpi = 1.-(1./(AR**2));\n",

+      "Diff_eff = cp/cpi;##diffuser efficeincy\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The included cone angle can be found = ',Theta,' deg.\\n');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('cpi = \\n',cpi,'');\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('Diffuser efficiency = ',Diff_eff,'');\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "The included cone angle can be found =  4.98  deg.\n",

         "\n",

-        " Rest mass energy of electron =  8.19e-07  ergs\n",

-        " \n",

-        "Expressing the result in joules\n",

-        "\n",

-        " Rest mass energy of electron =  8.19e-14  joules\n",

-        " \n",

-        "Expressing the result in MeV\n",

-        "\n",

-        " Rest mass energy of electron =  0.51  MeV\n",

-        " \n"

+        "cpi = \n",

+        " 0.69 \n",

+        "Diffuser efficiency =  0.87 \n"

        ]

       }

      ],

      "prompt_number": 4

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex5-pg53"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "import math\n",

+      "#calculate the\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##given data\n",

+      "AR = 2.0;##Area ratio\n",

+      "alpha1 = 1.059;\n",

+      "B1 = 0.109;\n",

+      "alpha2 = 1.543;\n",

+      "B2 = 0.364;\n",

+      "cp = 0.577;##coefficient of pressure\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##calculations\n",

+      "cp = (alpha1 - (alpha2/(AR**2))) - 0.09;\n",

+      "Diff_eff = cp/(1.-(1./(AR**2)));##Diffuser efficiency\n",

+      "\n",

+      "##Results\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The diffuser efficiency = ',Diff_eff,'');\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "The diffuser efficiency =  0.78 \n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 5

     }

    ],

    "metadata": {}

diff --git a/sample_notebooks/kartiksankhla/Chapter2_WEIco2c.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/kartiksankhla/Chapter2_WEIco2c.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index f12ee152..00000000
--- a/sample_notebooks/kartiksankhla/Chapter2_WEIco2c.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,250 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "",

-  "signature": "sha256:44c6b2962e60454059ed8ab0f850fa5cf7fde8b83f0146551b8d869bf0ff197f"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter2-Basic Thermodynamics, Fluid\n",

-      "Mechanics: Definitions\n",

-      "of Efficiency"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex1-pg39"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#calculate the polyefficency and overall total to total efficiency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "gamma = 1.4;\n",

-      "pi = 8.;##pressure ratio\n",

-      "T01 = 300.;##inlet temperature in K\n",

-      "T02 = 586.4;##outlet temperature in K\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Calculations\n",

-      "##Calculation of Overall Total to Total efficiency\n",

-      "Tot_eff = ((pi**((gamma-1.)/gamma))-1.)/((T02/T01)-1.);\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Calculation of polytropic efficiency\n",

-      "Poly_eff = ((gamma-1.)/gamma)*((math.log(pi))/math.log(T02/T01));\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The Overall total-to-total efficiency is ',Tot_eff,'');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The polytropic efficiency is ',Poly_eff,'');\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The Overall total-to-total efficiency is  0.85 \n",

-        "The polytropic efficiency is  0.89 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex2-pg44"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#calculate the\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "T01 = 1200.;##Stagnation temperature at which gas enters in K\n",

-      "p01 = 4.;##Stagnation pressure at which gas enters in bar\n",

-      "c2 = 572.;##exit velocity in m/s\n",

-      "p2 = 2.36;##exit pressure in bar\n",

-      "Cp = 1.160*1000.;##in J/kgK\n",

-      "gamma = 1.33\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##calculations\n",

-      "T2 = T01 - 0.5*(c2**2)/Cp;##Calculation of exit temperature in K\n",

-      "Noz_eff = ((1.-(T2/T01))/(1.-(p2/p01)**((gamma-1.)/gamma)));##Nozzle efficiency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('Nozzle efficiency is ',Noz_eff,'');\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Nozzle efficiency is  0.96 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex3-pg51"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#calculate the\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "cp = 0.6;##coefficient of pressure\n",

-      "AR = 2.13;##Area ratio\n",

-      "N_R1 = 4.66;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##calculations\n",

-      "cpi = 1. - (1./(AR**2));\n",

-      "Diff_eff = cp/cpi;##diffuser efficiency\n",

-      "theta = 2.*(180./math.pi)*math.atan((AR**0.5 - 1.)/(N_R1));##included cone angle\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('cpi = \\n',cpi,'');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The included cone angle can be found = ',theta,' deg.');\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "cpi = \n",

-        " 0.78 \n",

-        "The included cone angle can be found =  11.26  deg.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex4-pg52"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#calculate the\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "AR = 1.8;##Area ratio\n",

-      "cp = 0.6;##coefficient of pressure\n",

-      "N_R1 = 7.85;\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##calculations\n",

-      "Theta = 2.*(180./math.pi)*math.atan((AR**0.5 - 1.)/(N_R1));##included cone angle\n",

-      "cpi = 1.-(1./(AR**2));\n",

-      "Diff_eff = cp/cpi;##diffuser efficeincy\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The included cone angle can be found = ',Theta,' deg.\\n');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('cpi = \\n',cpi,'');\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('Diffuser efficiency = ',Diff_eff,'');\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The included cone angle can be found =  4.98  deg.\n",

-        "\n",

-        "cpi = \n",

-        " 0.69 \n",

-        "Diffuser efficiency =  0.87 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex5-pg53"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#calculate the\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##given data\n",

-      "AR = 2.0;##Area ratio\n",

-      "alpha1 = 1.059;\n",

-      "B1 = 0.109;\n",

-      "alpha2 = 1.543;\n",

-      "B2 = 0.364;\n",

-      "cp = 0.577;##coefficient of pressure\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##calculations\n",

-      "cp = (alpha1 - (alpha2/(AR**2))) - 0.09;\n",

-      "Diff_eff = cp/(1.-(1./(AR**2)));##Diffuser efficiency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "##Results\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'%('The diffuser efficiency = ',Diff_eff,'');\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The diffuser efficiency =  0.78 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/keerthi vanigundla/R.K.RAJPUTCHAPTER_12.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/keerthi vanigundla/keerthi vanigundla_version_backup/R.K.RAJPUTCHAPTER_12.ipynb
index b7f5147f..b7f5147f 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/keerthi vanigundla/R.K.RAJPUTCHAPTER_12.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/keerthi vanigundla/keerthi vanigundla_version_backup/R.K.RAJPUTCHAPTER_12.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/keerthi vanigundla/r.k.shukla.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/keerthi vanigundla/keerthi vanigundla_version_backup/r.k.shukla.ipynb
index 19a84998..19a84998 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/keerthi vanigundla/r.k.shukla.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/keerthi vanigundla/keerthi vanigundla_version_backup/r.k.shukla.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/kotaDinesh Babu/samplebook(process_heat_transfer).ipynb b/sample_notebooks/kotaDinesh Babu/kotaDinesh Babu_version_backup/samplebook(process_heat.ipynb
index b114e915..b114e915 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/kotaDinesh Babu/samplebook(process_heat_transfer).ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/kotaDinesh Babu/kotaDinesh Babu_version_backup/samplebook(process_heat.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/kotaDinesh Babu/samplebook(process_heat_transfer)_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/kotaDinesh Babu/kotaDinesh Babu_version_backup/samplebook(process_heat_transfer)_1.ipynb
index 1de57adb..1de57adb 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/kotaDinesh Babu/samplebook(process_heat_transfer)_1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/kotaDinesh Babu/kotaDinesh Babu_version_backup/samplebook(process_heat_transfer)_1.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/kowshikChilamkurthy/Chapter_1_Stress,Axial_load_and_Safety_concepts.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/kowshikChilamkurthy/Chapter_1_Stress,Axial_load_and_Safety.ipynb
index ff9f91c7..ff9f91c7 100755
--- a/sample_notebooks/kowshikChilamkurthy/Chapter_1_Stress,Axial_load_and_Safety_concepts.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/kowshikChilamkurthy/Chapter_1_Stress,Axial_load_and_Safety.ipynb
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/kumargugloth/Chapter1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/kumargugloth/Chapter1.ipynb
index df9ba4d0..fdfb0cb9 100755..100644
--- a/sample_notebooks/kumargugloth/Chapter1.ipynb
+++ b/sample_notebooks/kumargugloth/Chapter1.ipynb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {

  "metadata": {

   "name": "",

-  "signature": "sha256:84e452258bd05b64c16351467c4970051f4494cb47d7a832df03bdce07abddb8"

+  "signature": "sha256:281275d36b0e16d144d1212530d5ebac420ea6bfd258dbfe43c04ce417d0dbbc"

  },

  "nbformat": 3,

  "nbformat_minor": 0,

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
      "level": 1,

      "metadata": {},

      "source": [

-      "Chapter1-Introduction"

+      "Chapter1-Atomic Weight "

      ]

     },

     {

@@ -21,34 +21,23 @@
      "level": 2,

      "metadata": {},

      "source": [

-      "Ex1-pg9"

+      "Ex1-pg12"

      ]

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "code",

      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

-      "\n",

       "import math\n",

-      " #determine\n",

-      "##This numerical is Ex 1_1E,page 9.\n",

-      "Pso=20.5\n",

-      "Psc=20.5*550##converting hp to fps system\n",

-      "Qo=385.\n",

-      "Qc=385./449.##converting gpm to ft^3/s\n",

-      "E=0.83\n",

-      "dp=E*Psc/(Qc*144.)\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('The pressure rise is ',dp,' psi')\n",

-      "print(\"After rounding off,pressure rise is 75.8 psi\")\n",

-      "dpr=75.8\n",

-      "dHw=75.8*144/62.4##62.4 is accelaration due to gravity in fps system\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%(' The head of water is ',dHw,' ft of water')\n",

-      "print(\"After rounding off the value of head of water the answer is 175 ft of water.\")\n",

-      "dhwr=175##rounded off value of head of water\n",

-      "sg=0.72##specific gravity of oil\n",

-      "dHo=dhwr/sg\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%(' The head of oil is ',dHo,' ft of oil')\n",

-      "print(\"After rounding off the value of head of oil the answer is 243 ft of oil.\")\n"

+      "##Intitalisation of variables\n",

+      "#calculate the Molecular weight of carbon dioxide\n",

+      "dco= 1.9635 ##gms/lit\n",

+      "do= 1.4277 ##gms/lit\n",

+      "mo= 32. ##gms\n",

+      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

+      "mwt= dco*mo/do\n",

+      "##RESULTS\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Molecular weight of carbon dioxide =  ',mwt,'')\n"

      ],

      "language": "python",

      "metadata": {},

@@ -57,125 +46,7 @@
        "output_type": "stream",

        "stream": "stdout",

        "text": [

-        "The pressure rise is  75.79  psi \n",

-        "After rounding off,pressure rise is 75.8 psi\n",

-        " The head of water is  174.92  ft of water \n",

-        "After rounding off the value of head of water the answer is 175 ft of water.\n",

-        " The head of oil is  243.06  ft of oil \n",

-        "After rounding off the value of head of oil the answer is 243 ft of oil.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex2-pg10"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math \n",

-      "#determine\n",

-      "##This numerical is Ex 1_1S,page 10.\n",

-      "E=0.83##efficiency\n",

-      "Ps=15300.\n",

-      "Q=87.4\n",

-      "Qs=87.4/3600.##flow rate in meter cube per sec\n",

-      "rho=998.\n",

-      "g=9.81\n",

-      "sg=0.72\n",

-      "dp=E*Ps/Qs\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n The change in pressure (dp)is ',dp,'')\n",

-      "dpr=523000##rounded value of dp\n",

-      "print(\"The rounded off value of dp is 523kPa.\")\n",

-      "dHw=dpr/(rho*g)\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%(' dHw is equal to ',dHw,' m of water')\n",

-      "print(\"The rounded off value of dHw is 53.4 m of water.\")\n",

-      "dHwr=53.4##rounded off value of dHw\n",

-      "print(\"Thus we can determine head of oil.\")\n",

-      "dHoil=dHwr/sg\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%(' dHoil is given by ',dHoil,' m of oil')\n",

-      "print(\"The rounded off value of dHoil is 74.2 m of oil.\")\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "\n",

-        " The change in pressure (dp)is  523070.94  \n",

-        "The rounded off value of dp is 523kPa.\n",

-        " dHw is equal to  53.42  m of water \n",

-        "The rounded off value of dHw is 53.4 m of water.\n",

-        "Thus we can determine head of oil.\n",

-        " dHoil is given by  74.17  m of oil \n",

-        "The rounded off value of dHoil is 74.2 m of oil.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex3-pg10"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#determine\n",

-      "##This numerical is Ex 1_2E,page 10.\n",

-      "Q=12000.\n",

-      "A=3.5\n",

-      "rho_a=0.0762\n",

-      "E=0.85\n",

-      "r=2.5##resistance of duct system\n",

-      "V=Q/(60.*A)\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('The air flow velocity at discharge is ',V,' ft/s')\n",

-      "KE=(rho_a*(V**2))/(32.2*2)\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n The product is ',KE,' lb/ft^2')\n",

-      "##PE=KE\n",

-      "Hv=KE/62.4\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n The dynamic head is ',Hv,' ft')\n",

-      "print(\"The value of dynamic head in inches of water is 0.74.\")\n",

-      "Hvi=0.74##Head in inches\n",

-      "Ht=r+Hvi\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n The total head is ',Ht,' inches of water')\n",

-      "p_tot=Ht*62.4\n",

-      "Ps=Q*p_tot/(60.*12.*E)\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n The shaft power is ',Ps,' ft-lb/s')\n",

-      "print(\"The shaft power is 7.2 hp.\")\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The air flow velocity at discharge is  57.14  ft/s \n",

-        "\n",

-        " The product is  3.86  lb/ft^2 \n",

-        "\n",

-        " The dynamic head is  0.06  ft \n",

-        "The value of dynamic head in inches of water is 0.74.\n",

-        "\n",

-        " The total head is  3.24  inches of water \n",

-        "\n",

-        " The shaft power is  3964.24  ft-lb/s \n",

-        "The shaft power is 7.2 hp.\n"

+        "Molecular weight of carbon dioxide =   44.01 \n"

        ]

       }

      ],

@@ -186,91 +57,23 @@
      "level": 2,

      "metadata": {},

      "source": [

-      "Ex4-pg11"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "##This numerical is Ex 1_2S,page 11.\n",

-      "Q=340.\n",

-      "A=0.325\n",

-      "V=Q/(60.*A)\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('The air flow velocity at discharge is ',V,' m/s')\n",

-      "rho_a=1.22\n",

-      "Vr=17.4\n",

-      "Hd=(rho_a*(Vr**2))/2.\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n The dynamic pressure head is ',Hd,' Pa')\n",

-      "Hdr=184.7##rounded off value of Hd\n",

-      "rho_w=998.##density of water=rhow\n",

-      "g=9.81\n",

-      "H=0.0635\n",

-      "dp=rho_w*g*H##static pressure head\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n The static pressure head is ',dp,' Pa')\n",

-      "dpr=621.7\n",

-      "p_tot=Hdr+dpr\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n The total pressure head is ',p_tot,' Pa')\n",

-      "p_tot=806.4\n",

-      "E=0.85##efficiency\n",

-      "Ps=Q*p_tot/(60*E)\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n The shaft power is',Ps, 'W')\n",

-      "print(\"The shaft power is 5.376 kW.\")\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The air flow velocity at discharge is  17.44  m/s \n",

-        "\n",

-        " The dynamic pressure head is  184.68  Pa \n",

-        "\n",

-        " The static pressure head is  621.69  Pa \n",

-        "\n",

-        " The total pressure head is  806.40  Pa \n",

-        "\n",

-        " The shaft power is 5376.00 W \n",

-        "The shaft power is 5.376 kW.\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex5-pg11"

+      "Ex2-pg13"

      ]

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "code",

      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

-      "#determine \n",

       "import math\n",

-      "##This numerical is Ex 1_3E,page 11.\n",

-      "H=295.##net head in ft\n",

-      "Q=148.##water flow rate\n",

-      "n=1800.##rpm\n",

-      "E=0.87##efficiency\n",

-      "a=62.4##product of density and accelaration due to gravity\n",

-      "omega=(n*2.*math.pi)/60.\n",

-      "dp=a*H\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('The pressure is ',dp,' lb/ft^2')\n",

-      "Ps=E*Q*dp\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n Output power is equal to ',Ps,' lb-ft/s')\n",

-      "print(\"The output output power can also be written as 2.37*10^6 lb-ft/s\")\n",

-      "print(\"Output power in terms of horsepower is given by 4309hp.\")\n",

-      "Psr=2370000##rounded off value of Ps\n",

-      "Torque=Psr/omega\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%(' The output torque is ',Torque,' lb-ft.')\n",

-      "print(\"The output torque can also be written as 12.57*10^3 lb-ft\")\n",

-      "\n"

+      "##Intitalisation of variables\n",

+      "#calculate the atomic weight of lead\n",

+      "shl= 0.031 ##cal deg^-1 g^-1\n",

+      "ewlc= 103.605 ##gms\n",

+      "n= 2.\n",

+      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

+      "aw= n*ewlc\n",

+      "##RESULTS\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Atomic weight of lead = ',aw,' gms')\n"

      ],

      "language": "python",

      "metadata": {},

@@ -279,49 +82,33 @@
        "output_type": "stream",

        "stream": "stdout",

        "text": [

-        "The pressure is  18408.00  lb/ft^2 \n",

-        "\n",

-        " Output power is equal to  2370214.08  lb-ft/s \n",

-        "The output output power can also be written as 2.37*10^6 lb-ft/s\n",

-        "Output power in terms of horsepower is given by 4309hp.\n",

-        " The output torque is  12573.24  lb-ft. \n",

-        "The output torque can also be written as 12.57*10^3 lb-ft\n"

+        "Atomic weight of lead =  207.21  gms\n"

        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

+     "prompt_number": 3

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "heading",

      "level": 2,

      "metadata": {},

      "source": [

-      "Ex6-pg12"

+      "Ex3-pg13"

      ]

     },

     {

      "cell_type": "code",

      "collapsed": false,

      "input": [

-      "#determine c\n",

       "import math\n",

-      "##This numerical is Ex 1_3S,page 12.\n",

-      "H=90.\n",

-      "Q=4.2##water flow rate(in m^3/s)\n",

-      "n=1800.\n",

-      "E=0.87##efficiency\n",

-      "rho=998.\n",

-      "g=9.81\n",

-      "omega=(n*2.*math.pi)/60.\n",

-      "dp=rho*g*H\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('The pressure is ',dp,' N/m^2')\n",

-      "Ps=E*Q*dp\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%('\\n Output power is equal to ',Ps,' N-m/s')\n",

-      "print(\"After rounding off the value of output power is 3220 kW.\")\n",

-      "Psr=3220000.##rounded off value of Ps\n",

-      "Torque=Psr/omega\n",

-      "print\"%s %.2f %s \"%(' The output torque is ',Torque,' N-m.')\n",

-      "print(\"After rounding off the output torque comes out to be 17.1*10^3 N-m.\")\n"

+      "##Intitalisation of variables\n",

+      "\n",

+      "ewt= 17.337 ##gms\n",

+      "n=3.\n",

+      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

+      "aw= ewt*n\n",

+      "##RESULTS\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Atomic weight of chromium = ',aw,' gms')\n"

      ],

      "language": "python",

      "metadata": {},

@@ -330,16 +117,11 @@
        "output_type": "stream",

        "stream": "stdout",

        "text": [

-        "The pressure is  881134.20  N/m^2 \n",

-        "\n",

-        " Output power is equal to  3219664.37  N-m/s \n",

-        "After rounding off the value of output power is 3220 kW.\n",

-        " The output torque is  17082.63  N-m. \n",

-        "After rounding off the output torque comes out to be 17.1*10^3 N-m.\n"

+        "Atomic weight of chromium =  52.01  gms\n"

        ]

       }

      ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

+     "prompt_number": 2

     }

    ],

    "metadata": {}

diff --git a/sample_notebooks/kumargugloth/Chapter1_wopEYRj.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/kumargugloth/Chapter1_wopEYRj.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index fdfb0cb9..00000000
--- a/sample_notebooks/kumargugloth/Chapter1_wopEYRj.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "",

-  "signature": "sha256:281275d36b0e16d144d1212530d5ebac420ea6bfd258dbfe43c04ce417d0dbbc"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter1-Atomic Weight "

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex1-pg12"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "##Intitalisation of variables\n",

-      "#calculate the Molecular weight of carbon dioxide\n",

-      "dco= 1.9635 ##gms/lit\n",

-      "do= 1.4277 ##gms/lit\n",

-      "mo= 32. ##gms\n",

-      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

-      "mwt= dco*mo/do\n",

-      "##RESULTS\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Molecular weight of carbon dioxide =  ',mwt,'')\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Molecular weight of carbon dioxide =   44.01 \n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex2-pg13"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "##Intitalisation of variables\n",

-      "#calculate the atomic weight of lead\n",

-      "shl= 0.031 ##cal deg^-1 g^-1\n",

-      "ewlc= 103.605 ##gms\n",

-      "n= 2.\n",

-      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

-      "aw= n*ewlc\n",

-      "##RESULTS\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Atomic weight of lead = ',aw,' gms')\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Atomic weight of lead =  207.21  gms\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Ex3-pg13"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "##Intitalisation of variables\n",

-      "\n",

-      "ewt= 17.337 ##gms\n",

-      "n=3.\n",

-      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

-      "aw= ewt*n\n",

-      "##RESULTS\n",

-      "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Atomic weight of chromium = ',aw,' gms')\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Atomic weight of chromium =  52.01  gms\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sample_notebooks/kushrami/Chapter_1_-_Overview_of_optical_fiber_communication.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/kushrami/Chapter_1_-_Overview_of_optical_fiber.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/makarala shamukha venkatasahithi/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Sturcture_and_Radioactivity.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/makarala shamukha venkatasahithi/Chapter_2_Nuclear_Sturcture_and.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/makarala shamukha venkatasahithi/Chapter_5_Imperfection_in_Solids.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/makarala shamukha venkatasahithi/Chapter_5_Imperfection_in.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/marupeddisameer chaitanya/Sample_(chapter_9).ipynb b/sample_notebooks/marupeddisameer chaitanya/Sample_(chapter.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/marupeddisameer chaitanya/Chapter_4_Diffusion_and_Reaction_in_Porous_Catalysts.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/marupeddisameer chaitanya/marupeddisameer chaitanya_version_backup/Chapter_4_Diffusion_and_Reaction_in_Porous.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/mokshagunda/Chapter_2_DIFFRACTION.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/mokshagunda/Chapter_2.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ravindra m gowda/Chapter_1_Basics_of_thermodynamics_Rudramani.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ravindra m gowda/Chapter_1_Basics_of_thermodynamics.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/saikomalchanagam/AKmaini_(1).ipynb b/sample_notebooks/saikomalchanagam/AKmaini.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/srinivasparupalli/CHAPTER_1.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/srinivasparupalli/srinivasparupalli_version_backup/CHAPTER_1.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/vijayadurga/Chapter_5_Force_Torque_and_Shaft_power_Measurement.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/vijayadurga/Chapter_5_Force_Torque_and_Shaft_power.ipynb
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/yashwanth kumarmada/Chapter_5_Laser.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/yashwanth kumarmada/Chapter_5.ipynb
index e5562a27..e5562a27 100755
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diff --git a/sample_notebooks/yashwanth kumarmada/sample_notes.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/yashwanth kumarmada/sample.ipynb
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